cfitsio-4.3.1/0000755000225700000360000000000014523176740012456 5ustar cagordonlheacfitsio-4.3.1/fitsio.h0000644000225700000360000035257214523041446014134 0ustar cagordonlhea/* The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy */ /* Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA */ /* Goddard Space Flight Center. */ /* Copyright (Unpublished--all rights reserved under the copyright laws of the United States), U.S. Government as represented by the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. No copyright is claimed in the United States under Title 17, U.S. Code. Permission to freely use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its documentation without fee is hereby granted, provided that this copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty appears in all copies. DISCLAIMER: THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS' WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY WARRANTY THAT THE SOFTWARE WILL CONFORM TO SPECIFICATIONS, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND FREEDOM FROM INFRINGEMENT, AND ANY WARRANTY THAT THE DOCUMENTATION WILL CONFORM TO THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY WARRANTY THAT THE SOFTWARE WILL BE ERROR FREE. IN NO EVENT SHALL NASA BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, ARISING OUT OF, RESULTING FROM, OR IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH THIS SOFTWARE, WHETHER OR NOT BASED UPON WARRANTY, CONTRACT, TORT , OR OTHERWISE, WHETHER OR NOT INJURY WAS SUSTAINED BY PERSONS OR PROPERTY OR OTHERWISE, AND WHETHER OR NOT LOSS WAS SUSTAINED FROM, OR AROSE OUT OF THE RESULTS OF, OR USE OF, THE SOFTWARE OR SERVICES PROVIDED HEREUNDER." */ #ifndef _FITSIO_H #define _FITSIO_H #define CFITSIO_VERSION 4.3.1 /* Minor and micro numbers must not exceed 99 under current method of version representataion in ffvers(). */ #define CFITSIO_MICRO 1 #define CFITSIO_MINOR 3 #define CFITSIO_MAJOR 4 #define CFITSIO_SONAME 10 /* the SONAME is incremented in a new release if the binary shared */ /* library (on linux and Mac systems) is not backward compatible */ /* with the previous release of CFITSIO */ /* CFITS_API is defined below for use on Windows systems. */ /* It is used to identify the public functions which should be exported. */ /* This has no effect on non-windows platforms where "WIN32" is not defined */ #if defined (WIN32) #if defined(cfitsio_EXPORTS) #define CFITS_API __declspec(dllexport) #else #define CFITS_API /* __declspec(dllimport) */ #endif /* CFITS_API */ #else /* defined (WIN32) */ #define CFITS_API #endif #include /* the following was provided by Michael Greason (GSFC) to fix a */ /* C/Fortran compatibility problem on an SGI Altix system running */ /* SGI ProPack 4 [this is a Novell SuSE Enterprise 9 derivative] */ /* and using the Intel C++ and Fortran compilers (version 9.1) */ #if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && defined(__itanium__) # define mipsFortran 1 # define _MIPS_SZLONG 64 #endif #if defined(linux) || defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__sgi) # include /* apparently needed on debian linux systems */ #endif /* to define off_t */ #include /* apparently needed to define size_t with gcc 2.8.1 */ #include /* needed for LLONG_MAX and INT64_MAX definitions */ /* Define the datatype for variables which store file offset values. */ /* The newer 'off_t' datatype should be used for this purpose, but some */ /* older compilers do not recognize this type, in which case we use 'long' */ /* instead. Note that _OFF_T is defined (or not) in stdio.h depending */ /* on whether _LARGEFILE_SOURCE is defined in sys/feature_tests.h */ /* (at least on Solaris platforms using cc) */ /* Debian systems require: "(defined(linux) && defined(__off_t_defined))" */ /* the mingw-w64 compiler requires: "(defined(__MINGW32__) && defined(_OFF_T_DEFINED))" */ #if defined(_OFF_T) \ || (defined(linux) && defined(__off_t_defined)) \ || (defined(__MINGW32__) && defined(_OFF_T_DEFINED)) \ || defined(_MIPS_SZLONG) || defined(__APPLE__) || defined(_AIX) # define OFF_T off_t #elif defined(__BORLANDC__) || (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER>= 1400)) # define OFF_T long long #else # define OFF_T long #endif /* this block determines if the the string function name is strtol or strtoll, and whether to use %ld or %lld in printf statements */ /* The following 2 cases for that Athon64 were removed on 4 Jan 2006; they appear to be incorrect now that LONGLONG is always typedef'ed to 'long long' || defined(__ia64__) \ || defined(__x86_64__) \ */ #if (defined(__alpha) && ( defined(__unix__) || defined(__NetBSD__) )) \ || defined(__sparcv9) || (defined(__sparc__) && defined(__arch64__)) \ || defined(__powerpc64__) || defined(__64BIT__) \ || (defined(_MIPS_SZLONG) && _MIPS_SZLONG == 64) \ || defined( _MSC_VER)|| defined(__BORLANDC__) # define USE_LL_SUFFIX 0 #else # define USE_LL_SUFFIX 1 #endif /* Determine what 8-byte integer data type is available. 'long long' is now supported by most compilers, but older MS Visual C++ compilers before V7.0 use '__int64' instead. */ #ifndef LONGLONG_TYPE /* this may have been previously defined */ #if defined(_MSC_VER) /* Microsoft Visual C++ */ #if (_MSC_VER < 1300) /* versions earlier than V7.0 do not have 'long long' */ typedef __int64 LONGLONG; typedef unsigned __int64 ULONGLONG; #else /* newer versions do support 'long long' */ typedef long long LONGLONG; typedef unsigned long long ULONGLONG; #endif #elif defined( __BORLANDC__) /* for the Borland 5.5 compiler, in particular */ typedef __int64 LONGLONG; typedef unsigned __int64 ULONGLONG; #else typedef long long LONGLONG; typedef unsigned long long ULONGLONG; #endif #define LONGLONG_TYPE #endif #ifndef LONGLONG_MAX #ifdef LLONG_MAX /* Linux and Solaris definition */ #define LONGLONG_MAX LLONG_MAX #define LONGLONG_MIN LLONG_MIN #elif defined(LONG_LONG_MAX) #define LONGLONG_MAX LONG_LONG_MAX #define LONGLONG_MIN LONG_LONG_MIN #elif defined(__LONG_LONG_MAX__) /* Mac OS X & CYGWIN defintion */ #define LONGLONG_MAX __LONG_LONG_MAX__ #define LONGLONG_MIN (-LONGLONG_MAX -1LL) #elif defined(INT64_MAX) /* windows definition */ #define LONGLONG_MAX INT64_MAX #define LONGLONG_MIN INT64_MIN #elif defined(_I64_MAX) /* windows definition */ #define LONGLONG_MAX _I64_MAX #define LONGLONG_MIN _I64_MIN #elif (defined(__alpha) && ( defined(__unix__) || defined(__NetBSD__) )) \ || defined(__sparcv9) \ || defined(__ia64__) \ || defined(__x86_64__) \ || defined(_SX) \ || defined(__powerpc64__) || defined(__64BIT__) \ || (defined(_MIPS_SZLONG) && _MIPS_SZLONG == 64) /* sizeof(long) = 64 */ #define LONGLONG_MAX 9223372036854775807L /* max 64-bit integer */ #define LONGLONG_MIN (-LONGLONG_MAX -1L) /* min 64-bit integer */ #else /* define a default value, even if it is never used */ #define LONGLONG_MAX 9223372036854775807LL /* max 64-bit integer */ #define LONGLONG_MIN (-LONGLONG_MAX -1LL) /* min 64-bit integer */ #endif #endif /* end of ndef LONGLONG_MAX section */ /* ================================================================= */ /* The following exclusion if __CINT__ is defined is needed for ROOT */ #ifndef __CINT__ #include "longnam.h" #endif #define NIOBUF 40 /* number of IO buffers to create (default = 40) */ /* !! Significantly increasing NIOBUF may degrade performance !! */ #define IOBUFLEN 2880 /* size in bytes of each IO buffer (DONT CHANGE!) */ /* global variables */ #define FLEN_FILENAME 1025 /* max length of a filename */ #define FLEN_KEYWORD 75 /* max length of a keyword (HIERARCH convention) */ #define FLEN_CARD 81 /* length of a FITS header card */ #define FLEN_VALUE 71 /* max length of a keyword value string */ #define FLEN_COMMENT 73 /* max length of a keyword comment string */ #define FLEN_ERRMSG 81 /* max length of a FITSIO error message */ #define FLEN_STATUS 31 /* max length of a FITSIO status text string */ #define TBIT 1 /* codes for FITS table data types */ #define TBYTE 11 #define TSBYTE 12 #define TLOGICAL 14 #define TSTRING 16 #define TUSHORT 20 #define TSHORT 21 #define TUINT 30 #define TINT 31 #define TULONG 40 #define TLONG 41 #define TINT32BIT 41 /* used when returning datatype of a column */ #define TFLOAT 42 #define TULONGLONG 80 #define TLONGLONG 81 #define TDOUBLE 82 #define TCOMPLEX 83 #define TDBLCOMPLEX 163 #define TYP_STRUC_KEY 10 #define TYP_CMPRS_KEY 20 #define TYP_SCAL_KEY 30 #define TYP_NULL_KEY 40 #define TYP_DIM_KEY 50 #define TYP_RANG_KEY 60 #define TYP_UNIT_KEY 70 #define TYP_DISP_KEY 80 #define TYP_HDUID_KEY 90 #define TYP_CKSUM_KEY 100 #define TYP_WCS_KEY 110 #define TYP_REFSYS_KEY 120 #define TYP_COMM_KEY 130 #define TYP_CONT_KEY 140 #define TYP_USER_KEY 150 #define INT32BIT int /* 32-bit integer datatype. Currently this */ /* datatype is an 'int' on all useful platforms */ /* however, it is possible that that are cases */ /* where 'int' is a 2-byte integer, in which case */ /* INT32BIT would need to be defined as 'long'. */ #define BYTE_IMG 8 /* BITPIX code values for FITS image types */ #define SHORT_IMG 16 #define LONG_IMG 32 #define LONGLONG_IMG 64 #define FLOAT_IMG -32 #define DOUBLE_IMG -64 /* The following 2 codes are not true FITS */ /* datatypes; these codes are only used internally */ /* within cfitsio to make it easier for users */ /* to deal with unsigned integers. */ #define SBYTE_IMG 10 #define USHORT_IMG 20 #define ULONG_IMG 40 #define ULONGLONG_IMG 80 #define IMAGE_HDU 0 /* Primary Array or IMAGE HDU */ #define ASCII_TBL 1 /* ASCII table HDU */ #define BINARY_TBL 2 /* Binary table HDU */ #define ANY_HDU -1 /* matches any HDU type */ #define READONLY 0 /* options when opening a file */ #define READWRITE 1 /* adopt a hopefully obscure number to use as a null value flag */ #define FLOATNULLVALUE -9.11912E-36F #define DOUBLENULLVALUE -9.1191291391491E-36 /* compression algorithm codes */ #define NO_DITHER -1 #define SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1 1 #define SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 2 #define MAX_COMPRESS_DIM 6 #define RICE_1 11 #define GZIP_1 21 #define GZIP_2 22 #define PLIO_1 31 #define HCOMPRESS_1 41 #define BZIP2_1 51 /* not publicly supported; only for test purposes */ #define NOCOMPRESS -1 #ifndef TRUE #define TRUE 1 #endif #ifndef FALSE #define FALSE 0 #endif #define CASESEN 1 /* do case-sensitive string match */ #define CASEINSEN 0 /* do case-insensitive string match */ #define GT_ID_ALL_URI 0 /* hierarchical grouping parameters */ #define GT_ID_REF 1 #define GT_ID_POS 2 #define GT_ID_ALL 3 #define GT_ID_REF_URI 11 #define GT_ID_POS_URI 12 #define OPT_RM_GPT 0 #define OPT_RM_ENTRY 1 #define OPT_RM_MBR 2 #define OPT_RM_ALL 3 #define OPT_GCP_GPT 0 #define OPT_GCP_MBR 1 #define OPT_GCP_ALL 2 #define OPT_MCP_ADD 0 #define OPT_MCP_NADD 1 #define OPT_MCP_REPL 2 #define OPT_MCP_MOV 3 #define OPT_MRG_COPY 0 #define OPT_MRG_MOV 1 #define OPT_CMT_MBR 1 #define OPT_CMT_MBR_DEL 11 typedef struct /* structure used to store table column information */ { char ttype[70]; /* column name = FITS TTYPEn keyword; */ LONGLONG tbcol; /* offset in row to first byte of each column */ int tdatatype; /* datatype code of each column */ LONGLONG trepeat; /* repeat count of column; number of elements */ double tscale; /* FITS TSCALn linear scaling factor */ double tzero; /* FITS TZEROn linear scaling zero point */ LONGLONG tnull; /* FITS null value for int image or binary table cols */ char strnull[20]; /* FITS null value string for ASCII table columns */ char tform[10]; /* FITS tform keyword value */ long twidth; /* width of each ASCII table column */ }tcolumn; #define VALIDSTRUC 555 /* magic value used to identify if structure is valid */ typedef struct /* structure used to store basic FITS file information */ { int filehandle; /* handle returned by the file open function */ int driver; /* defines which set of I/O drivers should be used */ int open_count; /* number of opened 'fitsfiles' using this structure */ char *filename; /* file name */ int validcode; /* magic value used to verify that structure is valid */ int only_one; /* flag meaning only copy the specified extension */ int noextsyntax; /* flag for file opened with request to ignore extended syntax*/ LONGLONG filesize; /* current size of the physical disk file in bytes */ LONGLONG logfilesize; /* logical size of file, including unflushed buffers */ int lasthdu; /* is this the last HDU in the file? 0 = no, else yes */ LONGLONG bytepos; /* current logical I/O pointer position in file */ LONGLONG io_pos; /* current I/O pointer position in the physical file */ int curbuf; /* number of I/O buffer currently in use */ int curhdu; /* current HDU number; 0 = primary array */ int hdutype; /* 0 = primary array, 1 = ASCII table, 2 = binary table */ int writemode; /* 0 = readonly, 1 = readwrite */ int maxhdu; /* highest numbered HDU known to exist in the file */ int MAXHDU; /* dynamically allocated dimension of headstart array */ LONGLONG *headstart; /* byte offset in file to start of each HDU */ LONGLONG headend; /* byte offest in file to end of the current HDU header */ LONGLONG ENDpos; /* byte offest to where the END keyword was last written */ LONGLONG nextkey; /* byte offset in file to beginning of next keyword */ LONGLONG datastart; /* byte offset in file to start of the current data unit */ int imgdim; /* dimension of image; cached for fast access */ LONGLONG imgnaxis[99]; /* length of each axis; cached for fast access */ int tfield; /* number of fields in the table (primary array has 2 */ int startcol; /* used by ffgcnn to record starting column number */ LONGLONG origrows; /* original number of rows (value of NAXIS2 keyword) */ LONGLONG numrows; /* number of rows in the table (dynamically updated) */ LONGLONG rowlength; /* length of a table row or image size (bytes) */ tcolumn *tableptr; /* pointer to the table structure */ LONGLONG heapstart; /* heap start byte relative to start of data unit */ LONGLONG heapsize; /* size of the heap, in bytes */ /* the following elements are related to compressed images */ /* these record the 'requested' options to be used when the image is compressed */ int request_compress_type; /* requested image compression algorithm */ long request_tilesize[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* requested tiling size */ float request_quantize_level; /* requested quantize level */ int request_quantize_method ; /* requested quantizing method */ int request_dither_seed; /* starting offset into the array of random dithering */ int request_lossy_int_compress; /* lossy compress integer image as if float image? */ int request_huge_hdu; /* use '1Q' rather then '1P' variable length arrays */ float request_hcomp_scale; /* requested HCOMPRESS scale factor */ int request_hcomp_smooth; /* requested HCOMPRESS smooth parameter */ /* these record the actual options that were used when the image was compressed */ int compress_type; /* type of compression algorithm */ long tilesize[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* size of compression tiles */ float quantize_level; /* floating point quantization level */ int quantize_method; /* floating point pixel quantization algorithm */ int dither_seed; /* starting offset into the array of random dithering */ /* other compression parameters */ int compressimg; /* 1 if HDU contains a compressed image, else 0 */ char zcmptype[12]; /* compression type string */ int zbitpix; /* FITS data type of image (BITPIX) */ int zndim; /* dimension of image */ long znaxis[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* length of each axis */ long maxtilelen; /* max number of pixels in each image tile */ long maxelem; /* maximum byte length of tile compressed arrays */ int cn_compressed; /* column number for COMPRESSED_DATA column */ int cn_uncompressed; /* column number for UNCOMPRESSED_DATA column */ int cn_gzip_data; /* column number for GZIP2 lossless compressed data */ int cn_zscale; /* column number for ZSCALE column */ int cn_zzero; /* column number for ZZERO column */ int cn_zblank; /* column number for the ZBLANK column */ double zscale; /* scaling value, if same for all tiles */ double zzero; /* zero pt, if same for all tiles */ double cn_bscale; /* value of the BSCALE keyword in header */ double cn_bzero; /* value of the BZERO keyword (may be reset) */ double cn_actual_bzero; /* actual value of the BZERO keyword */ int zblank; /* value for null pixels, if not a column */ int rice_blocksize; /* first compression parameter: Rice pixels/block */ int rice_bytepix; /* 2nd compression parameter: Rice bytes/pixel */ float hcomp_scale; /* 1st hcompress compression parameter */ int hcomp_smooth; /* 2nd hcompress compression parameter */ int *tilerow; /* row number of the array of uncompressed tiledata */ long *tiledatasize; /* length of the array of tile data in bytes */ int *tiletype; /* datatype of the array of tile (TINT, TSHORT, etc) */ void **tiledata; /* array of uncompressed tile of data, for row *tilerow */ void **tilenullarray; /* array of optional array of null value flags */ int *tileanynull; /* anynulls in the array of tile? */ char *iobuffer; /* pointer to FITS file I/O buffers */ long bufrecnum[NIOBUF]; /* file record number of each of the buffers */ int dirty[NIOBUF]; /* has the corresponding buffer been modified? */ int ageindex[NIOBUF]; /* relative age of each buffer */ } FITSfile; typedef struct /* structure used to store basic HDU information */ { int HDUposition; /* HDU position in file; 0 = first HDU */ FITSfile *Fptr; /* pointer to FITS file structure */ }fitsfile; typedef struct /* structure for the iterator function column information */ { /* elements required as input to fits_iterate_data: */ fitsfile *fptr; /* pointer to the HDU containing the column */ int colnum; /* column number in the table (use name if < 1) */ char colname[70]; /* name (= TTYPEn value) of the column (optional) */ int datatype; /* output datatype (converted if necessary */ int iotype; /* = InputCol, InputOutputCol, or OutputCol */ /* output elements that may be useful for the work function: */ void *array; /* pointer to the array (and the null value) */ long repeat; /* binary table vector repeat value */ long tlmin; /* legal minimum data value */ long tlmax; /* legal maximum data value */ char tunit[70]; /* physical unit string */ char tdisp[70]; /* suggested display format */ } iteratorCol; #define InputCol 0 /* flag for input only iterator column */ #define InputOutputCol 1 /* flag for input and output iterator column */ #define OutputCol 2 /* flag for output only iterator column */ #define TemporaryCol 3 /* flag for temporary iterator column INTERNAL */ /*============================================================================= * * The following wtbarr typedef is used in the fits_read_wcstab() routine, * which is intended for use with the WCSLIB library written by Mark * Calabretta, http://www.atnf.csiro.au/~mcalabre/index.html * * In order to maintain WCSLIB and CFITSIO as independent libraries it * was not permissible for any CFITSIO library code to include WCSLIB * header files, or vice versa. However, the CFITSIO function * fits_read_wcstab() accepts an array of structs defined by wcs.h within * WCSLIB. The problem then was to define this struct within fitsio.h * without including wcs.h, especially noting that wcs.h will often (but * not always) be included together with fitsio.h in an applications * program that uses fits_read_wcstab(). * * Of the various possibilities, the solution adopted was for WCSLIB to * define "struct wtbarr" while fitsio.h defines "typedef wtbarr", a * untagged struct with identical members. This allows both wcs.h and * fitsio.h to define a wtbarr data type without conflict by virtue of * the fact that structure tags and typedef names share different * namespaces in C. Therefore, declarations within WCSLIB look like * * struct wtbarr *w; * * while within CFITSIO they are simply * * wtbarr *w; * * but as suggested by the commonality of the names, these are really the * same aggregate data type. However, in passing a (struct wtbarr *) to * fits_read_wcstab() a cast to (wtbarr *) is formally required. *===========================================================================*/ #ifndef WCSLIB_GETWCSTAB #define WCSLIB_GETWCSTAB typedef struct { int i; /* Image axis number. */ int m; /* Array axis number for index vectors. */ int kind; /* Array type, 'c' (coord) or 'i' (index). */ char extnam[72]; /* EXTNAME of binary table extension. */ int extver; /* EXTVER of binary table extension. */ int extlev; /* EXTLEV of binary table extension. */ char ttype[72]; /* TTYPEn of column containing the array. */ long row; /* Table row number. */ int ndim; /* Expected array dimensionality. */ int *dimlen; /* Where to write the array axis lengths. */ double **arrayp; /* Where to write the address of the array */ /* allocated to store the array. */ } wtbarr; /* The following exclusion if __CINT__ is defined is needed for ROOT */ #ifndef __CINT__ /* the following 3 lines are needed to support C++ compilers */ #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif #endif int CFITS_API fits_read_wcstab(fitsfile *fptr, int nwtb, wtbarr *wtb, int *status); /* The following exclusion if __CINT__ is defined is needed for ROOT */ #ifndef __CINT__ #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif #endif #endif /* WCSLIB_GETWCSTAB */ /* error status codes */ #define CREATE_DISK_FILE -106 /* create disk file, without extended filename syntax */ #define OPEN_DISK_FILE -105 /* open disk file, without extended filename syntax */ #define SKIP_TABLE -104 /* move to 1st image when opening file */ #define SKIP_IMAGE -103 /* move to 1st table when opening file */ #define SKIP_NULL_PRIMARY -102 /* skip null primary array when opening file */ #define USE_MEM_BUFF -101 /* use memory buffer when opening file */ #define OVERFLOW_ERR -11 /* overflow during datatype conversion */ #define PREPEND_PRIMARY -9 /* used in ffiimg to insert new primary array */ #define SAME_FILE 101 /* input and output files are the same */ #define TOO_MANY_FILES 103 /* tried to open too many FITS files */ #define FILE_NOT_OPENED 104 /* could not open the named file */ #define FILE_NOT_CREATED 105 /* could not create the named file */ #define WRITE_ERROR 106 /* error writing to FITS file */ #define END_OF_FILE 107 /* tried to move past end of file */ #define READ_ERROR 108 /* error reading from FITS file */ #define FILE_NOT_CLOSED 110 /* could not close the file */ #define ARRAY_TOO_BIG 111 /* array dimensions exceed internal limit */ #define READONLY_FILE 112 /* Cannot write to readonly file */ #define MEMORY_ALLOCATION 113 /* Could not allocate memory */ #define BAD_FILEPTR 114 /* invalid fitsfile pointer */ #define NULL_INPUT_PTR 115 /* NULL input pointer to routine */ #define SEEK_ERROR 116 /* error seeking position in file */ #define BAD_NETTIMEOUT 117 /* bad value for file download timeout setting */ #define BAD_URL_PREFIX 121 /* invalid URL prefix on file name */ #define TOO_MANY_DRIVERS 122 /* tried to register too many IO drivers */ #define DRIVER_INIT_FAILED 123 /* driver initialization failed */ #define NO_MATCHING_DRIVER 124 /* matching driver is not registered */ #define URL_PARSE_ERROR 125 /* failed to parse input file URL */ #define RANGE_PARSE_ERROR 126 /* failed to parse input file URL */ #define SHARED_ERRBASE (150) #define SHARED_BADARG (SHARED_ERRBASE + 1) #define SHARED_NULPTR (SHARED_ERRBASE + 2) #define SHARED_TABFULL (SHARED_ERRBASE + 3) #define SHARED_NOTINIT (SHARED_ERRBASE + 4) #define SHARED_IPCERR (SHARED_ERRBASE + 5) #define SHARED_NOMEM (SHARED_ERRBASE + 6) #define SHARED_AGAIN (SHARED_ERRBASE + 7) #define SHARED_NOFILE (SHARED_ERRBASE + 8) #define SHARED_NORESIZE (SHARED_ERRBASE + 9) #define HEADER_NOT_EMPTY 201 /* header already contains keywords */ #define KEY_NO_EXIST 202 /* keyword not found in header */ #define KEY_OUT_BOUNDS 203 /* keyword record number is out of bounds */ #define VALUE_UNDEFINED 204 /* keyword value field is blank */ #define NO_QUOTE 205 /* string is missing the closing quote */ #define BAD_INDEX_KEY 206 /* illegal indexed keyword name */ #define BAD_KEYCHAR 207 /* illegal character in keyword name or card */ #define BAD_ORDER 208 /* required keywords out of order */ #define NOT_POS_INT 209 /* keyword value is not a positive integer */ #define NO_END 210 /* couldn't find END keyword */ #define BAD_BITPIX 211 /* illegal BITPIX keyword value*/ #define BAD_NAXIS 212 /* illegal NAXIS keyword value */ #define BAD_NAXES 213 /* illegal NAXISn keyword value */ #define BAD_PCOUNT 214 /* illegal PCOUNT keyword value */ #define BAD_GCOUNT 215 /* illegal GCOUNT keyword value */ #define BAD_TFIELDS 216 /* illegal TFIELDS keyword value */ #define NEG_WIDTH 217 /* negative table row size */ #define NEG_ROWS 218 /* negative number of rows in table */ #define COL_NOT_FOUND 219 /* column with this name not found in table */ #define BAD_SIMPLE 220 /* illegal value of SIMPLE keyword */ #define NO_SIMPLE 221 /* Primary array doesn't start with SIMPLE */ #define NO_BITPIX 222 /* Second keyword not BITPIX */ #define NO_NAXIS 223 /* Third keyword not NAXIS */ #define NO_NAXES 224 /* Couldn't find all the NAXISn keywords */ #define NO_XTENSION 225 /* HDU doesn't start with XTENSION keyword */ #define NOT_ATABLE 226 /* the CHDU is not an ASCII table extension */ #define NOT_BTABLE 227 /* the CHDU is not a binary table extension */ #define NO_PCOUNT 228 /* couldn't find PCOUNT keyword */ #define NO_GCOUNT 229 /* couldn't find GCOUNT keyword */ #define NO_TFIELDS 230 /* couldn't find TFIELDS keyword */ #define NO_TBCOL 231 /* couldn't find TBCOLn keyword */ #define NO_TFORM 232 /* couldn't find TFORMn keyword */ #define NOT_IMAGE 233 /* the CHDU is not an IMAGE extension */ #define BAD_TBCOL 234 /* TBCOLn keyword value < 0 or > rowlength */ #define NOT_TABLE 235 /* the CHDU is not a table */ #define COL_TOO_WIDE 236 /* column is too wide to fit in table */ #define COL_NOT_UNIQUE 237 /* more than 1 column name matches template */ #define BAD_ROW_WIDTH 241 /* sum of column widths not = NAXIS1 */ #define UNKNOWN_EXT 251 /* unrecognizable FITS extension type */ #define UNKNOWN_REC 252 /* unrecognizable FITS record */ #define END_JUNK 253 /* END keyword is not blank */ #define BAD_HEADER_FILL 254 /* Header fill area not blank */ #define BAD_DATA_FILL 255 /* Data fill area not blank or zero */ #define BAD_TFORM 261 /* illegal TFORM format code */ #define BAD_TFORM_DTYPE 262 /* unrecognizable TFORM datatype code */ #define BAD_TDIM 263 /* illegal TDIMn keyword value */ #define BAD_HEAP_PTR 264 /* invalid BINTABLE heap address */ #define BAD_HDU_NUM 301 /* HDU number < 1 or > MAXHDU */ #define BAD_COL_NUM 302 /* column number < 1 or > tfields */ #define NEG_FILE_POS 304 /* tried to move before beginning of file */ #define NEG_BYTES 306 /* tried to read or write negative bytes */ #define BAD_ROW_NUM 307 /* illegal starting row number in table */ #define BAD_ELEM_NUM 308 /* illegal starting element number in vector */ #define NOT_ASCII_COL 309 /* this is not an ASCII string column */ #define NOT_LOGICAL_COL 310 /* this is not a logical datatype column */ #define BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT 311 /* ASCII table column has wrong format */ #define BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT 312 /* Binary table column has wrong format */ #define NO_NULL 314 /* null value has not been defined */ #define NOT_VARI_LEN 317 /* this is not a variable length column */ #define BAD_DIMEN 320 /* illegal number of dimensions in array */ #define BAD_PIX_NUM 321 /* first pixel number greater than last pixel */ #define ZERO_SCALE 322 /* illegal BSCALE or TSCALn keyword = 0 */ #define NEG_AXIS 323 /* illegal axis length < 1 */ #define NOT_GROUP_TABLE 340 #define HDU_ALREADY_MEMBER 341 #define MEMBER_NOT_FOUND 342 #define GROUP_NOT_FOUND 343 #define BAD_GROUP_ID 344 #define TOO_MANY_HDUS_TRACKED 345 #define HDU_ALREADY_TRACKED 346 #define BAD_OPTION 347 #define IDENTICAL_POINTERS 348 #define BAD_GROUP_ATTACH 349 #define BAD_GROUP_DETACH 350 #define BAD_I2C 401 /* bad int to formatted string conversion */ #define BAD_F2C 402 /* bad float to formatted string conversion */ #define BAD_INTKEY 403 /* can't interprete keyword value as integer */ #define BAD_LOGICALKEY 404 /* can't interprete keyword value as logical */ #define BAD_FLOATKEY 405 /* can't interprete keyword value as float */ #define BAD_DOUBLEKEY 406 /* can't interprete keyword value as double */ #define BAD_C2I 407 /* bad formatted string to int conversion */ #define BAD_C2F 408 /* bad formatted string to float conversion */ #define BAD_C2D 409 /* bad formatted string to double conversion */ #define BAD_DATATYPE 410 /* bad keyword datatype code */ #define BAD_DECIM 411 /* bad number of decimal places specified */ #define NUM_OVERFLOW 412 /* overflow during datatype conversion */ # define DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR 413 /* error in imcompress routines */ # define DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR 414 /* error in imcompress routines */ # define NO_COMPRESSED_TILE 415 /* compressed tile doesn't exist */ #define BAD_DATE 420 /* error in date or time conversion */ #define PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR 431 /* syntax error in parser expression */ #define PARSE_BAD_TYPE 432 /* expression did not evaluate to desired type */ #define PARSE_LRG_VECTOR 433 /* vector result too large to return in array */ #define PARSE_NO_OUTPUT 434 /* data parser failed not sent an out column */ #define PARSE_BAD_COL 435 /* bad data encounter while parsing column */ #define PARSE_BAD_OUTPUT 436 /* Output file not of proper type */ #define ANGLE_TOO_BIG 501 /* celestial angle too large for projection */ #define BAD_WCS_VAL 502 /* bad celestial coordinate or pixel value */ #define WCS_ERROR 503 /* error in celestial coordinate calculation */ #define BAD_WCS_PROJ 504 /* unsupported type of celestial projection */ #define NO_WCS_KEY 505 /* celestial coordinate keywords not found */ #define APPROX_WCS_KEY 506 /* approximate WCS keywords were calculated */ #define NO_CLOSE_ERROR 999 /* special value used internally to switch off */ /* the error message from ffclos and ffchdu */ /*------- following error codes are used in the grparser.c file -----------*/ #define NGP_ERRBASE (360) /* base chosen so not to interfere with CFITSIO */ #define NGP_OK (0) #define NGP_NO_MEMORY (NGP_ERRBASE + 0) /* malloc failed */ #define NGP_READ_ERR (NGP_ERRBASE + 1) /* read error from file */ #define NGP_NUL_PTR (NGP_ERRBASE + 2) /* null pointer passed as argument */ #define NGP_EMPTY_CURLINE (NGP_ERRBASE + 3) /* line read seems to be empty */ #define NGP_UNREAD_QUEUE_FULL (NGP_ERRBASE + 4) /* cannot unread more then 1 line (or single line twice) */ #define NGP_INC_NESTING (NGP_ERRBASE + 5) /* too deep include file nesting (inf. loop ?) */ #define NGP_ERR_FOPEN (NGP_ERRBASE + 6) /* fopen() failed, cannot open file */ #define NGP_EOF (NGP_ERRBASE + 7) /* end of file encountered */ #define NGP_BAD_ARG (NGP_ERRBASE + 8) /* bad arguments passed */ #define NGP_TOKEN_NOT_EXPECT (NGP_ERRBASE + 9) /* token not expected here */ /* The following exclusion if __CINT__ is defined is needed for ROOT */ #ifndef __CINT__ /* the following 3 lines are needed to support C++ compilers */ #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif #endif int CFITS2Unit( fitsfile *fptr ); CFITS_API fitsfile* CUnit2FITS(int unit); /*---------------- FITS file URL parsing routines -------------*/ int CFITS_API fits_get_token (char **ptr, char *delimiter, char *token, int *isanumber); int CFITS_API fits_get_token2(char **ptr, char *delimiter, char **token, int *isanumber, int *status); char CFITS_API *fits_split_names(char *list); int CFITS_API ffiurl( char *url, char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile, char *extspec, char *rowfilter, char *binspec, char *colspec, int *status); int CFITS_API ffifile (char *url, char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile, char *extspec, char *rowfilter, char *binspec, char *colspec, char *pixfilter, int *status); int CFITS_API ffifile2 (char *url, char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile, char *extspec, char *rowfilter, char *binspec, char *colspec, char *pixfilter, char *compspec, int *status); int CFITS_API ffrtnm(char *url, char *rootname, int *status); int CFITS_API ffexist(const char *infile, int *exists, int *status); int CFITS_API ffexts(char *extspec, int *extnum, char *extname, int *extvers, int *hdutype, char *colname, char *rowexpress, int *status); int CFITS_API ffextn(char *url, int *extension_num, int *status); int CFITS_API ffurlt(fitsfile *fptr, char *urlType, int *status); int CFITS_API ffbins(char *binspec, int *imagetype, int *haxis, char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], double *minin, double *maxin, double *binsizein, char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], double *weight, char *wtname, int *recip, int *status); int CFITS_API ffbinr(char **binspec, char *colname, double *minin, double *maxin, double *binsizein, char *minname, char *maxname, char *binname, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_copy_cell2image(fitsfile *fptr, fitsfile *newptr, char *colname, long rownum, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_copy_image2cell(fitsfile *fptr, fitsfile *newptr, char *colname, long rownum, int copykeyflag, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_copy_pixlist2image(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int firstkey, /* I - first HDU record number to start with */ int naxis, int *colnum, int *status); int CFITS_API ffimport_file( char *filename, char **contents, int *status ); int CFITS_API ffrwrg( char *rowlist, LONGLONG maxrows, int maxranges, int *numranges, long *minrow, long *maxrow, int *status); int CFITS_API ffrwrgll( char *rowlist, LONGLONG maxrows, int maxranges, int *numranges, LONGLONG *minrow, LONGLONG *maxrow, int *status); /*---------------- FITS file I/O routines -------------*/ int CFITS_API fits_init_cfitsio(void); int CFITS_API ffomem(fitsfile **fptr, const char *name, int mode, void **buffptr, size_t *buffsize, size_t deltasize, void *(*mem_realloc)(void *p, size_t newsize), int *status); int CFITS_API ffopen(fitsfile **fptr, const char *filename, int iomode, int *status); int CFITS_API ffopentest(int soname, fitsfile **fptr, const char *filename, int iomode, int *status); int CFITS_API ffdopn(fitsfile **fptr, const char *filename, int iomode, int *status); int CFITS_API ffeopn(fitsfile **fptr, const char *filename, int iomode, char *extlist, int *hdutype, int *status); int CFITS_API fftopn(fitsfile **fptr, const char *filename, int iomode, int *status); int CFITS_API ffiopn(fitsfile **fptr, const char *filename, int iomode, int *status); int CFITS_API ffdkopn(fitsfile **fptr, const char *filename, int iomode, int *status); int CFITS_API ffreopen(fitsfile *openfptr, fitsfile **newfptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffinit( fitsfile **fptr, const char *filename, int *status); int CFITS_API ffdkinit(fitsfile **fptr, const char *filename, int *status); int CFITS_API ffimem(fitsfile **fptr, void **buffptr, size_t *buffsize, size_t deltasize, void *(*mem_realloc)(void *p, size_t newsize), int *status); int CFITS_API fftplt(fitsfile **fptr, const char *filename, const char *tempname, int *status); int CFITS_API ffflus(fitsfile *fptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffflsh(fitsfile *fptr, int clearbuf, int *status); int CFITS_API ffclos(fitsfile *fptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffdelt(fitsfile *fptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffflnm(fitsfile *fptr, char *filename, int *status); int CFITS_API ffflmd(fitsfile *fptr, int *filemode, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_delete_iraf_file(const char *filename, int *status); /*---------------- utility routines -------------*/ float CFITS_API ffvers(float *version); void CFITS_API ffupch(char *string); void CFITS_API ffgerr(int status, char *errtext); void CFITS_API ffpmsg(const char *err_message); void CFITS_API ffpmrk(void); int CFITS_API ffgmsg(char *err_message); void CFITS_API ffcmsg(void); void CFITS_API ffcmrk(void); void CFITS_API ffrprt(FILE *stream, int status); void CFITS_API ffcmps(char *templt, char *colname, int casesen, int *match, int *exact); int CFITS_API fftkey(const char *keyword, int *status); int CFITS_API fftrec(char *card, int *status); int CFITS_API ffnchk(fitsfile *fptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffkeyn(const char *keyroot, int value, char *keyname, int *status); int CFITS_API ffnkey(int value, const char *keyroot, char *keyname, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkcl(char *card); int CFITS_API ffdtyp(const char *cval, char *dtype, int *status); int CFITS_API ffinttyp(char *cval, int *datatype, int *negative, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpsvc(char *card, char *value, char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgknm(char *card, char *name, int *length, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgthd(char *tmplt, char *card, int *hdtype, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmkky(const char *keyname, char *keyval, const char *comm, char *card, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_translate_keyword(char *inrec, char *outrec, char *patterns[][2], int npat, int n_value, int n_offset, int n_range, int *pat_num, int *i, int *j, int *m, int *n, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_translate_keywords(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int firstkey, char *patterns[][2], int npat, int n_value, int n_offset, int n_range, int *status); int CFITS_API ffasfm(char *tform, int *datacode, long *width, int *decim, int *status); int CFITS_API ffbnfm(char *tform, int *datacode, long *repeat, long *width, int *status); int CFITS_API ffbnfmll(char *tform, int *datacode, LONGLONG *repeat, long *width, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgabc(int tfields, char **tform, int space, long *rowlen, long *tbcol, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_get_section_range(char **ptr,long *secmin,long *secmax,long *incre, int *status); /* ffmbyt should not normally be used in application programs, but it is defined here as a publicly available routine because there are a few rare cases where it is needed */ int CFITS_API ffmbyt(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG bytpos, int ignore_err, int *status); /*----------------- write single keywords --------------*/ int CFITS_API ffpky(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, const char *keyname, void *value, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffprec(fitsfile *fptr, const char *card, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcom(fitsfile *fptr, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpunt(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *unit, int *status); int CFITS_API ffphis(fitsfile *fptr, const char *history, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpdat(fitsfile *fptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffverifydate(int year, int month, int day, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgstm(char *timestr, int *timeref, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsdt(int *day, int *month, int *year, int *status); int CFITS_API ffdt2s(int year, int month, int day, char *datestr, int *status); int CFITS_API fftm2s(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, double second, int decimals, char *datestr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffs2dt(char *datestr, int *year, int *month, int *day, int *status); int CFITS_API ffs2tm(char *datestr, int *year, int *month, int *day, int *hour, int *minute, double *second, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkyu(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkys(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *value, const char *comm,int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkls(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *value, const char *comm,int *status); int CFITS_API ffplsw(fitsfile *fptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkyl(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int value, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkyj(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, LONGLONG value, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkyuj(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, ULONGLONG value, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkyf(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkye(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkyg(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkyd(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkyc(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkym(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkfc(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkfm(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkyt(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, long intval, double frac, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffptdm( fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long naxes[], int *status); int CFITS_API ffptdmll( fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, LONGLONG naxes[], int *status); /*----------------- write array of keywords --------------*/ int CFITS_API ffpkns(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyroot, int nstart, int nkey, char *value[], char *comm[], int *status); int CFITS_API ffpknl(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyroot, int nstart, int nkey, int *value, char *comm[], int *status); int CFITS_API ffpknj(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyroot, int nstart, int nkey, long *value, char *comm[], int *status); int CFITS_API ffpknjj(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyroot, int nstart, int nkey, LONGLONG *value, char *comm[], int *status); int CFITS_API ffpknf(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyroot, int nstart, int nkey, float *value, int decim, char *comm[], int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkne(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyroot, int nstart, int nkey, float *value, int decim, char *comm[], int *status); int CFITS_API ffpkng(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyroot, int nstart, int nkey, double *value, int decim, char *comm[], int *status); int CFITS_API ffpknd(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyroot, int nstart, int nkey, double *value, int decim, char *comm[], int *status); int CFITS_API ffcpky(fitsfile *infptr,fitsfile *outfptr,int incol,int outcol, char *rootname, int *status); /*----------------- write required header keywords --------------*/ int CFITS_API ffphps( fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, long naxes[], int *status); int CFITS_API ffphpsll( fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, LONGLONG naxes[], int *status); int CFITS_API ffphpr( fitsfile *fptr, int simple, int bitpix, int naxis, long naxes[], LONGLONG pcount, LONGLONG gcount, int extend, int *status); int CFITS_API ffphprll( fitsfile *fptr, int simple, int bitpix, int naxis, LONGLONG naxes[], LONGLONG pcount, LONGLONG gcount, int extend, int *status); int CFITS_API ffphtb(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, int tfields, char **ttype, long *tbcol, char **tform, char **tunit, const char *extname, int *status); int CFITS_API ffphbn(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG naxis2, int tfields, char **ttype, char **tform, char **tunit, const char *extname, LONGLONG pcount, int *status); int CFITS_API ffphext( fitsfile *fptr, const char *xtension, int bitpix, int naxis, long naxes[], LONGLONG pcount, LONGLONG gcount, int *status); /*----------------- write template keywords --------------*/ int CFITS_API ffpktp(fitsfile *fptr, const char *filename, int *status); /*------------------ get header information --------------*/ int CFITS_API ffghsp(fitsfile *fptr, int *nexist, int *nmore, int *status); int CFITS_API ffghps(fitsfile *fptr, int *nexist, int *position, int *status); /*------------------ move position in header -------------*/ int CFITS_API ffmaky(fitsfile *fptr, int nrec, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmrky(fitsfile *fptr, int nrec, int *status); /*------------------ read single keywords -----------------*/ int CFITS_API ffgnxk(fitsfile *fptr, char **inclist, int ninc, char **exclist, int nexc, char *card, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgrec(fitsfile *fptr, int nrec, char *card, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcrd(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, char *card, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgstr(fitsfile *fptr, const char *string, char *card, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgunt(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, char *unit, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkyn(fitsfile *fptr, int nkey, char *keyname, char *keyval, char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkey(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, char *keyval, char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgky( fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, const char *keyname, void *value, char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkys(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, char *value, char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgksl(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int *length, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkcsl(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int *length, int *comlength, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkls(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, char **value, char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsky(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int firstchar, int maxchar, char *value, int *valuelen, char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgskyc(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int firstchar, int maxchar, int maxcomchar, char *value, int *valuelen, char *comm, int *comlen, int *status); int CFITS_API fffree(void *value, int *status); int CFITS_API fffkls(char *value, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkyl(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int *value, char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkyj(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, long *value, char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkyjj(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, LONGLONG *value, char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkyujj(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, ULONGLONG *value, char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkye(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float *value, char *comm,int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkyd(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double *value,char *comm,int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkyc(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float *value, char *comm,int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkym(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double *value,char *comm,int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkyt(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, long *ivalue, double *dvalue, char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtdm(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int maxdim, int *naxis, long naxes[], int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtdmll(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int maxdim, int *naxis, LONGLONG naxes[], int *status); int CFITS_API ffdtdm(fitsfile *fptr, char *tdimstr, int colnum, int maxdim, int *naxis, long naxes[], int *status); int CFITS_API ffdtdmll(fitsfile *fptr, char *tdimstr, int colnum, int maxdim, int *naxis, LONGLONG naxes[], int *status); /*------------------ read array of keywords -----------------*/ int CFITS_API ffgkns(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int nstart, int nmax, char *value[], int *nfound, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgknl(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int nstart, int nmax, int *value, int *nfound, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgknj(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int nstart, int nmax, long *value, int *nfound, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgknjj(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int nstart, int nmax, LONGLONG *value, int *nfound, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgkne(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int nstart, int nmax, float *value, int *nfound, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgknd(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int nstart, int nmax, double *value, int *nfound, int *status); int CFITS_API ffh2st(fitsfile *fptr, char **header, int *status); int CFITS_API ffhdr2str( fitsfile *fptr, int exclude_comm, char **exclist, int nexc, char **header, int *nkeys, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcnvthdr2str( fitsfile *fptr, int exclude_comm, char **exclist, int nexc, char **header, int *nkeys, int *status); /*----------------- read required header keywords --------------*/ int CFITS_API ffghpr(fitsfile *fptr, int maxdim, int *simple, int *bitpix, int *naxis, long naxes[], long *pcount, long *gcount, int *extend, int *status); int CFITS_API ffghprll(fitsfile *fptr, int maxdim, int *simple, int *bitpix, int *naxis, LONGLONG naxes[], long *pcount, long *gcount, int *extend, int *status); int CFITS_API ffghtb(fitsfile *fptr,int maxfield, long *naxis1, long *naxis2, int *tfields, char **ttype, long *tbcol, char **tform, char **tunit, char *extname, int *status); int CFITS_API ffghtbll(fitsfile *fptr,int maxfield, LONGLONG *naxis1, LONGLONG *naxis2, int *tfields, char **ttype, LONGLONG *tbcol, char **tform, char **tunit, char *extname, int *status); int CFITS_API ffghbn(fitsfile *fptr, int maxfield, long *naxis2, int *tfields, char **ttype, char **tform, char **tunit, char *extname, long *pcount, int *status); int CFITS_API ffghbnll(fitsfile *fptr, int maxfield, LONGLONG *naxis2, int *tfields, char **ttype, char **tform, char **tunit, char *extname, LONGLONG *pcount, int *status); /*--------------------- update keywords ---------------*/ int CFITS_API ffuky(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, const char *keyname, void *value, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffucrd(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *card, int *status); int CFITS_API ffukyu(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffukys(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *value, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffukls(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *value, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffukyl(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int value, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffukyj(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, LONGLONG value, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffukyf(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffukye(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffukyg(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffukyd(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffukyc(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffukym(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffukfc(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffukfm(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); /*--------------------- modify keywords ---------------*/ int CFITS_API ffmrec(fitsfile *fptr, int nkey, const char *card, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmcrd(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *card, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmnam(fitsfile *fptr, const char *oldname, const char *newname, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmcom(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmkyu(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmkys(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *value, const char *comm,int *status); int CFITS_API ffmkls(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *value, const char *comm,int *status); int CFITS_API ffmkyl(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int value, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmkyj(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, LONGLONG value, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmkyf(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmkye(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmkyg(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmkyd(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmkyc(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmkym(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmkfc(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmkfm(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); /*--------------------- insert keywords ---------------*/ int CFITS_API ffirec(fitsfile *fptr, int nkey, const char *card, int *status); int CFITS_API ffikey(fitsfile *fptr, const char *card, int *status); int CFITS_API ffikyu(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffikys(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *value, const char *comm,int *status); int CFITS_API ffikls(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *value, const char *comm,int *status); int CFITS_API ffikyl(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int value, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffikyj(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, LONGLONG value, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffikyf(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffikye(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffikyg(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffikyd(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffikyc(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffikym(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffikfc(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, float *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); int CFITS_API ffikfm(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, double *value, int decim, const char *comm, int *status); /*--------------------- delete keywords ---------------*/ int CFITS_API ffdkey(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int *status); int CFITS_API ffdstr(fitsfile *fptr, const char *string, int *status); int CFITS_API ffdrec(fitsfile *fptr, int keypos, int *status); /*--------------------- get HDU information -------------*/ int CFITS_API ffghdn(fitsfile *fptr, int *chdunum); int CFITS_API ffghdt(fitsfile *fptr, int *exttype, int *status); int CFITS_API ffghad(fitsfile *fptr, long *headstart, long *datastart, long *dataend, int *status); int CFITS_API ffghadll(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG *headstart, LONGLONG *datastart, LONGLONG *dataend, int *status); int CFITS_API ffghof(fitsfile *fptr, OFF_T *headstart, OFF_T *datastart, OFF_T *dataend, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgipr(fitsfile *fptr, int maxaxis, int *imgtype, int *naxis, long *naxes, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgiprll(fitsfile *fptr, int maxaxis, int *imgtype, int *naxis, LONGLONG *naxes, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgidt(fitsfile *fptr, int *imgtype, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgiet(fitsfile *fptr, int *imgtype, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgidm(fitsfile *fptr, int *naxis, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgisz(fitsfile *fptr, int nlen, long *naxes, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgiszll(fitsfile *fptr, int nlen, LONGLONG *naxes, int *status); /*--------------------- HDU operations -------------*/ int CFITS_API ffmahd(fitsfile *fptr, int hdunum, int *exttype, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmrhd(fitsfile *fptr, int hdumov, int *exttype, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmnhd(fitsfile *fptr, int exttype, char *hduname, int hduvers, int *status); int CFITS_API ffthdu(fitsfile *fptr, int *nhdu, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcrhd(fitsfile *fptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcrim(fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, long *naxes, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcrimll(fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, LONGLONG *naxes, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcrtb(fitsfile *fptr, int tbltype, LONGLONG naxis2, int tfields, char **ttype, char **tform, char **tunit, const char *extname, int *status); int CFITS_API ffiimg(fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, long *naxes, int *status); int CFITS_API ffiimgll(fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, LONGLONG *naxes, int *status); int CFITS_API ffitab(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, int tfields, char **ttype, long *tbcol, char **tform, char **tunit, const char *extname, int *status); int CFITS_API ffibin(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG naxis2, int tfields, char **ttype, char **tform, char **tunit, const char *extname, LONGLONG pcount, int *status); int CFITS_API ffrsim(fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, long *naxes, int *status); int CFITS_API ffrsimll(fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, LONGLONG *naxes, int *status); int CFITS_API ffdhdu(fitsfile *fptr, int *hdutype, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcopy(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int morekeys, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcpfl(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int prev, int cur, int follow, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcphd(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcpdt(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffchfl(fitsfile *fptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcdfl(fitsfile *fptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffwrhdu(fitsfile *fptr, FILE *outstream, int *status); int CFITS_API ffrdef(fitsfile *fptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffrhdu(fitsfile *fptr, int *hdutype, int *status); int CFITS_API ffhdef(fitsfile *fptr, int morekeys, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpthp(fitsfile *fptr, long theap, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcsum(fitsfile *fptr, long nrec, unsigned long *sum, int *status); void CFITS_API ffesum(unsigned long sum, int complm, char *ascii); unsigned long CFITS_API ffdsum(char *ascii, int complm, unsigned long *sum); int CFITS_API ffpcks(fitsfile *fptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffupck(fitsfile *fptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffvcks(fitsfile *fptr, int *datastatus, int *hdustatus, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcks(fitsfile *fptr, unsigned long *datasum, unsigned long *hdusum, int *status); /*--------------------- define scaling or null values -------------*/ int CFITS_API ffpscl(fitsfile *fptr, double scale, double zeroval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpnul(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API fftscl(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, double scale, double zeroval, int *status); int CFITS_API fftnul(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API ffsnul(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, char *nulstring, int *status); /*--------------------- get column information -------------*/ int CFITS_API ffgcno(fitsfile *fptr, int casesen, char *templt, int *colnum, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcnn(fitsfile *fptr, int casesen, char *templt, char *colname, int *colnum, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtcl(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int *typecode, long *repeat, long *width, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtclll(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int *typecode, LONGLONG *repeat, LONGLONG *width, int *status); int CFITS_API ffeqty(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int *typecode, long *repeat, long *width, int *status); int CFITS_API ffeqtyll(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int *typecode, LONGLONG *repeat, LONGLONG *width, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgncl(fitsfile *fptr, int *ncols, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgnrw(fitsfile *fptr, long *nrows, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgnrwll(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG *nrows, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgacl(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, char *ttype, long *tbcol, char *tunit, char *tform, double *tscal, double *tzero, char *tnull, char *tdisp, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgbcl(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, char *ttype, char *tunit, char *dtype, long *repeat, double *tscal, double *tzero, long *tnull, char *tdisp, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgbclll(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, char *ttype, char *tunit, char *dtype, LONGLONG *repeat, double *tscal, double *tzero, LONGLONG *tnull, char *tdisp, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgrsz(fitsfile *fptr, long *nrows, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcdw(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int *width, int *status); /*--------------------- read primary array or image elements -------------*/ int CFITS_API ffgpxv(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, long *firstpix, LONGLONG nelem, void *nulval, void *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpxvll(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, LONGLONG *firstpix, LONGLONG nelem, void *nulval, void *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpxf(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, long *firstpix, LONGLONG nelem, void *array, char *nullarray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpxfll(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, LONGLONG *firstpix, LONGLONG nelem, void *array, char *nullarray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsv(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, void *nulval, void *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpv(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, void *nulval, void *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpf(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, void *array, char *nullarray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpvb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned char nulval, unsigned char *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpvsb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, signed char nulval, signed char *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpvui(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned short nulval, unsigned short *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpvi(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, short nulval, short *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpvuj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned long nulval, unsigned long *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpvj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, long nulval, long *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpvujj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, ULONGLONG nulval, ULONGLONG *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpvjj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, LONGLONG nulval, LONGLONG *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpvuk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned int nulval, unsigned int *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpvk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, int nulval, int *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpve(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, float nulval, float *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpvd(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, double nulval, double *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpfb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned char *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpfsb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, signed char *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpfui(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned short *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpfi(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, short *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpfuj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned long *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpfj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, long *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpfujj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, ULONGLONG *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpfjj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, LONGLONG *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpfuk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned int *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpfk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, int *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpfe(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, float *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgpfd(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, double *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg2db(fitsfile *fptr, long group, unsigned char nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, unsigned char *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg2dsb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, signed char nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, signed char *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg2dui(fitsfile *fptr, long group, unsigned short nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, unsigned short *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg2di(fitsfile *fptr, long group, short nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, short *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg2duj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, unsigned long nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, unsigned long *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg2dj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, long *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg2dujj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, ULONGLONG nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, ULONGLONG *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg2djj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg2duk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, unsigned int nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, unsigned int *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg2dk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, int nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, int *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg2de(fitsfile *fptr, long group, float nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, float *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg2dd(fitsfile *fptr, long group, double nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, double *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg3db(fitsfile *fptr, long group, unsigned char nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, unsigned char *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg3dsb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, signed char nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, signed char *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg3dui(fitsfile *fptr, long group, unsigned short nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, unsigned short *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg3di(fitsfile *fptr, long group, short nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, short *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg3duj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, unsigned long nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, unsigned long *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg3dj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, long *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg3dujj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, ULONGLONG nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, ULONGLONG *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg3djj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, LONGLONG *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg3duk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, unsigned int nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, unsigned int *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg3dk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, int nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, int *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg3de(fitsfile *fptr, long group, float nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, float *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffg3dd(fitsfile *fptr, long group, double nulval, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, double *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsvb(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, unsigned char nulval, unsigned char *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsvsb(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, signed char nulval, signed char *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsvui(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, unsigned short nulval, unsigned short *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsvi(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, short nulval, short *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsvuj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, unsigned long nulval, unsigned long *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsvj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, long nulval, long *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsvujj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, ULONGLONG nulval, ULONGLONG *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsvjj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, LONGLONG nulval, LONGLONG *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsvuk(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, unsigned int nulval, unsigned int *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsvk(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, int nulval, int *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsve(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, float nulval, float *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsvd(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, double nulval, double *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsfb(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, unsigned char *array, char *flagval, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsfsb(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, signed char *array, char *flagval, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsfui(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, unsigned short *array, char *flagval, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsfi(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, short *array, char *flagval, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsfuj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, unsigned long *array, char *flagval, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsfj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, long *array, char *flagval, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsfujj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, ULONGLONG *array, char *flagval, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsfjj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, LONGLONG *array, char *flagval, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsfuk(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, unsigned int *array, char *flagval, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsfk(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, int *array, char *flagval, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsfe(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, float *array, char *flagval, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgsfd(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, double *array, char *flagval, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffggpb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, unsigned char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffggpsb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, signed char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffggpui(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, unsigned short *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffggpi(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, short *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffggpuj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, unsigned long *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffggpj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, long *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffggpujj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, ULONGLONG *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffggpjj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, LONGLONG *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffggpuk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, unsigned int *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffggpk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, int *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffggpe(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, float *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffggpd(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, double *array, int *status); /*--------------------- read column elements -------------*/ int CFITS_API ffgcv( fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, void *nulval, void *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvn (fitsfile *fptr, int ncols, int *datatype, int *colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows, void **nulval, void **array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcf( fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, void *array, char *nullarray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvs(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, char *nulval, char **array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcl (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvl (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, char nulval, char *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvb(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned char nulval, unsigned char *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvsb(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, signed char nulval, signed char *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvui(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned short nulval, unsigned short *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvi(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, short nulval, short *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvuj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned long nulval, unsigned long *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, long nulval, long *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvujj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, ULONGLONG nulval, ULONGLONG *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvjj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, LONGLONG nulval, LONGLONG *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvuk(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned int nulval, unsigned int *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvk(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, int nulval, int *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcve(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, float nulval, float *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvd(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, double nulval, double *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvc(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, float nulval, float *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcvm(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, double nulval, double *array, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcx(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstbit, LONGLONG nbits, char *larray, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcxui(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows, long firstbit, int nbits, unsigned short *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcxuk(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows, long firstbit, int nbits, unsigned int *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfs(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, char **array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfl(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, char *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfb(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned char *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfsb(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, signed char *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfui(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned short *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfi(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, short *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfuj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned long *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, long *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfujj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, ULONGLONG *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfjj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, LONGLONG *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfuk(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned int *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfk(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, int *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfe(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, float *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfd(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, double *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfc(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, float *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgcfm(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, double *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgdes(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG rownum, long *length, long *heapaddr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgdesll(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG rownum, LONGLONG *length, LONGLONG *heapaddr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgdess(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows, long *length, long *heapaddr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgdessll(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG *length, LONGLONG *heapaddr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpdes(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG rownum, LONGLONG length, LONGLONG heapaddr, int *status); int CFITS_API fftheap(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG *heapsize, LONGLONG *unused, LONGLONG *overlap, int *valid, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcmph(fitsfile *fptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtbb(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstchar, LONGLONG nchars, unsigned char *values, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgextn(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG offset, LONGLONG nelem, void *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpextn(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG offset, LONGLONG nelem, void *array, int *status); /*------------ write primary array or image elements -------------*/ int CFITS_API ffppx(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, long *firstpix, LONGLONG nelem, void *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppxll(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, LONGLONG *firstpix, LONGLONG nelem, void *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppxn(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, long *firstpix, LONGLONG nelem, void *array, void *nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppxnll(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, LONGLONG *firstpix, LONGLONG nelem, void *array, void *nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppr(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, void *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpprb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpprsb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, signed char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpprui(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned short *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppri(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, short *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppruj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned long *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpprj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, long *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppruk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned int *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpprk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, int *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppre(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, float *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpprd(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, double *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpprjj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, LONGLONG *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpprujj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, ULONGLONG *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppru(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpprn(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppn(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, void *array, void *nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppnb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned char *array, unsigned char nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppnsb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, signed char *array, signed char nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppnui(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned short *array, unsigned short nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppni(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, short *array, short nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppnj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, long *array, long nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppnuj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned long *array, unsigned long nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppnuk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned int *array, unsigned int nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppnk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, int *array, int nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppne(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, float *array, float nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppnd(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, double *array, double nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppnjj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, LONGLONG *array, LONGLONG nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffppnujj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, ULONGLONG *array, ULONGLONG nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp2db(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, unsigned char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp2dsb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, signed char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp2dui(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, unsigned short *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp2di(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, short *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp2duj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, unsigned long *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp2dj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, long *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp2duk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, unsigned int *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp2dk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, int *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp2de(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, float *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp2dd(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, double *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp2djj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp2dujj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, ULONGLONG *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp3db(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, unsigned char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp3dsb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, signed char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp3dui(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, unsigned short *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp3di(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, short *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp3duj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, unsigned long *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp3dj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, long *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp3duk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, unsigned int *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp3dk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, int *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp3de(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, float *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp3dd(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, double *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp3djj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, LONGLONG *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffp3dujj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG ncols, LONGLONG nrows, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, ULONGLONG *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpss(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, long *fpixel, long *lpixel, void *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpssb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long naxis, long *naxes, long *fpixel, long *lpixel, unsigned char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpsssb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long naxis, long *naxes, long *fpixel, long *lpixel, signed char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpssui(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long naxis, long *naxes, long *fpixel, long *lpixel, unsigned short *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpssi(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long naxis, long *naxes, long *fpixel, long *lpixel, short *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpssuj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long naxis, long *naxes, long *fpixel, long *lpixel, unsigned long *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpssj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long naxis, long *naxes, long *fpixel, long *lpixel, long *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpssuk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long naxis, long *naxes, long *fpixel, long *lpixel, unsigned int *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpssk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long naxis, long *naxes, long *fpixel, long *lpixel, int *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpsse(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long naxis, long *naxes, long *fpixel, long *lpixel, float *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpssd(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long naxis, long *naxes, long *fpixel, long *lpixel, double *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpssjj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long naxis, long *naxes, long *fpixel, long *lpixel, LONGLONG *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpssujj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long naxis, long *naxes, long *fpixel, long *lpixel, ULONGLONG *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpgpb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, unsigned char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpgpsb(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, signed char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpgpui(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, unsigned short *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpgpi(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, short *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpgpuj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, unsigned long *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpgpj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, long *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpgpuk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, unsigned int *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpgpk(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, int *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpgpe(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, float *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpgpd(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, double *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpgpjj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, LONGLONG *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpgpujj(fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelem, ULONGLONG *array, int *status); /*--------------------- iterator functions -------------*/ int CFITS_API fits_iter_set_by_name(iteratorCol *col, fitsfile *fptr, char *colname, int datatype, int iotype); int CFITS_API fits_iter_set_by_num(iteratorCol *col, fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int datatype, int iotype); int CFITS_API fits_iter_set_file(iteratorCol *col, fitsfile *fptr); int CFITS_API fits_iter_set_colname(iteratorCol *col, char *colname); int CFITS_API fits_iter_set_colnum(iteratorCol *col, int colnum); int CFITS_API fits_iter_set_datatype(iteratorCol *col, int datatype); int CFITS_API fits_iter_set_iotype(iteratorCol *col, int iotype); CFITS_API fitsfile * fits_iter_get_file(iteratorCol *col); char CFITS_API * fits_iter_get_colname(iteratorCol *col); int CFITS_API fits_iter_get_colnum(iteratorCol *col); int CFITS_API fits_iter_get_datatype(iteratorCol *col); int CFITS_API fits_iter_get_iotype(iteratorCol *col); void CFITS_API *fits_iter_get_array(iteratorCol *col); long CFITS_API fits_iter_get_tlmin(iteratorCol *col); long CFITS_API fits_iter_get_tlmax(iteratorCol *col); long CFITS_API fits_iter_get_repeat(iteratorCol *col); char CFITS_API *fits_iter_get_tunit(iteratorCol *col); char CFITS_API *fits_iter_get_tdisp(iteratorCol *col); int CFITS_API ffiter(int ncols, iteratorCol *data, long offset, long nPerLoop, int (*workFn)( long totaln, long offset, long firstn, long nvalues, int narrays, iteratorCol *data, void *userPointer), void *userPointer, int *status); /*--------------------- write column elements -------------*/ int CFITS_API ffpcl(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, void *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcln(fitsfile *fptr, int ncols, int *datatype, int *colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows, void **array, void **nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcls(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, char **array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcll(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpclb(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpclsb(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, signed char *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpclui(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned short *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcli(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, short *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcluj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned long *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpclj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, long *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcluk(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned int *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpclk(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, int *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcle(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, float *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcld(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, double *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpclc(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, float *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpclm(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, double *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpclu(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, int *status); int CFITS_API ffprwu(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcljj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, LONGLONG *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpclujj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, ULONGLONG *array, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpclx(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG frow, long fbit, long nbit, char *larray, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcn(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, void *array, void *nulval, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcns( fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, char **array, char *nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcnl( fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, char *array, char nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcnb(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned char *array, unsigned char nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcnsb(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, signed char *array, signed char nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcnui(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned short *array, unsigned short nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcni(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, short *array, short nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcnuj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned long *array, unsigned long nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcnj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, long *array, long nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcnuk(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, unsigned int *array, unsigned int nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcnk(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, int *array, int nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcne(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, float *array, float nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcnd(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, double *array, double nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcnjj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, LONGLONG *array, LONGLONG nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API ffpcnujj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelem, ULONGLONG *array, ULONGLONG nulvalue, int *status); int CFITS_API ffptbb(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstchar, LONGLONG nchars, unsigned char *values, int *status); int CFITS_API ffirow(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows, int *status); int CFITS_API ffdrow(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows, int *status); int CFITS_API ffdrrg(fitsfile *fptr, char *ranges, int *status); int CFITS_API ffdrws(fitsfile *fptr, long *rownum, long nrows, int *status); int CFITS_API ffdrwsll(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG *rownum, LONGLONG nrows, int *status); int CFITS_API fficol(fitsfile *fptr, int numcol, char *ttype, char *tform, int *status); int CFITS_API fficls(fitsfile *fptr, int firstcol, int ncols, char **ttype, char **tform, int *status); int CFITS_API ffmvec(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG newveclen, int *status); int CFITS_API ffdcol(fitsfile *fptr, int numcol, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcpcl(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int incol, int outcol, int create_col, int *status); int CFITS_API ffccls(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int incol, int outcol, int ncols, int create_col, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcprw(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcpsr(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows, char *row_status, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcpht(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows, int *status); /*--------------------- WCS Utilities ------------------*/ int CFITS_API ffgics(fitsfile *fptr, double *xrval, double *yrval, double *xrpix, double *yrpix, double *xinc, double *yinc, double *rot, char *type, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgicsa(fitsfile *fptr, char version, double *xrval, double *yrval, double *xrpix, double *yrpix, double *xinc, double *yinc, double *rot, char *type, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtcs(fitsfile *fptr, int xcol, int ycol, double *xrval, double *yrval, double *xrpix, double *yrpix, double *xinc, double *yinc, double *rot, char *type, int *status); int CFITS_API ffwldp(double xpix, double ypix, double xref, double yref, double xrefpix, double yrefpix, double xinc, double yinc, double rot, char *type, double *xpos, double *ypos, int *status); int CFITS_API ffxypx(double xpos, double ypos, double xref, double yref, double xrefpix, double yrefpix, double xinc, double yinc, double rot, char *type, double *xpix, double *ypix, int *status); /* WCS support routines (provide interface to Doug Mink's WCS library */ int CFITS_API ffgiwcs(fitsfile *fptr, char **header, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtwcs(fitsfile *fptr, int xcol, int ycol, char **header, int *status); /*--------------------- lexical parsing routines ------------------*/ int CFITS_API fftexp( fitsfile *fptr, char *expr, int maxdim, int *datatype, long *nelem, int *naxis, long *naxes, int *status ); int CFITS_API fffrow( fitsfile *infptr, char *expr, long firstrow, long nrows, long *n_good_rows, char *row_status, int *status); int CFITS_API ffffrw( fitsfile *fptr, char *expr, long *rownum, int *status); int CFITS_API fffrwc( fitsfile *fptr, char *expr, char *timeCol, char *parCol, char *valCol, long ntimes, double *times, char *time_status, int *status ); int CFITS_API ffsrow( fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, char *expr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffcrow( fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, char *expr, long firstrow, long nelements, void *nulval, void *array, int *anynul, int *status ); int CFITS_API ffcalc_rng( fitsfile *infptr, char *expr, fitsfile *outfptr, char *parName, char *parInfo, int nRngs, long *start, long *end, int *status ); int CFITS_API ffcalc( fitsfile *infptr, char *expr, fitsfile *outfptr, char *parName, char *parInfo, int *status ); /* ffhist is not really intended as a user-callable routine */ /* but it may be useful for some specialized applications */ /* ffhist2 is a newer version which is strongly recommended instead of ffhist */ int CFITS_API ffhist(fitsfile **fptr, char *outfile, int imagetype, int naxis, char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], double *minin, double *maxin, double *binsizein, char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], double weightin, char wtcol[FLEN_VALUE], int recip, char *rowselect, int *status); int CFITS_API ffhist2(fitsfile **fptr, char *outfile, int imagetype, int naxis, char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], double *minin, double *maxin, double *binsizein, char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], double weightin, char wtcol[FLEN_VALUE], int recip, char *rowselect, int *status); CFITS_API fitsfile *ffhist3(fitsfile *fptr, char *outfile, int imagetype, int naxis, char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], double *minin, double *maxin, double *binsizein, char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], double weightin, char wtcol[FLEN_VALUE], int recip, char *selectrow, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_select_image_section(fitsfile **fptr, char *outfile, char *imagesection, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_copy_image_section(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfile, char *imagesection, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_calc_binning(fitsfile *fptr, int naxis, char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], double *minin, double *maxin, double *binsizein, char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], int *colnum, long *haxes, float *amin, float *amax, float *binsize, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_calc_binningd(fitsfile *fptr, int naxis, char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], double *minin, double *maxin, double *binsizein, char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], int *colnum, long *haxes, double *amin, double *amax, double *binsize, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_write_keys_histo(fitsfile *fptr, fitsfile *histptr, int naxis, int *colnum, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_rebin_wcs( fitsfile *fptr, int naxis, float *amin, float *binsize, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_rebin_wcsd( fitsfile *fptr, int naxis, double *amin, double *binsize, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_make_hist(fitsfile *fptr, fitsfile *histptr, int bitpix,int naxis, long *naxes, int *colnum, float *amin, float *amax, float *binsize, float weight, int wtcolnum, int recip, char *selectrow, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_make_histd(fitsfile *fptr, fitsfile *histptr, int bitpix,int naxis, long *naxes, int *colnum, double *amin, double *amax, double *binsize, double weight, int wtcolnum, int recip, char *selectrow, int *status); typedef struct { /* input(s) */ int count; char ** path; char ** tag; fitsfile ** ifptr; char * expression; /* output control */ int bitpix; long blank; fitsfile * ofptr; char keyword[FLEN_KEYWORD]; char comment[FLEN_COMMENT]; } PixelFilter; int CFITS_API fits_pixel_filter (PixelFilter * filter, int * status); /*--------------------- grouping routines ------------------*/ int CFITS_API ffgtcr(fitsfile *fptr, char *grpname, int grouptype, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtis(fitsfile *fptr, char *grpname, int grouptype, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtch(fitsfile *gfptr, int grouptype, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtrm(fitsfile *gfptr, int rmopt, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtcp(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int cpopt, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtmg(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int mgopt, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtcm(fitsfile *gfptr, int cmopt, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtvf(fitsfile *gfptr, long *firstfailed, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtop(fitsfile *mfptr,int group,fitsfile **gfptr,int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtam(fitsfile *gfptr, fitsfile *mfptr, int hdupos, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgtnm(fitsfile *gfptr, long *nmembers, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgmng(fitsfile *mfptr, long *nmembers, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgmop(fitsfile *gfptr, long member, fitsfile **mfptr, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgmcp(fitsfile *gfptr, fitsfile *mfptr, long member, int cpopt, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgmtf(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, long member, int tfopt, int *status); int CFITS_API ffgmrm(fitsfile *fptr, long member, int rmopt, int *status); /*--------------------- group template parser routines ------------------*/ int CFITS_API fits_execute_template(fitsfile *ff, char *ngp_template, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_img_stats_short(short *array,long nx, long ny, int nullcheck, short nullvalue,long *ngoodpix, short *minvalue, short *maxvalue, double *mean, double *sigma, double *noise1, double *noise2, double *noise3, double *noise5, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_img_stats_int(int *array,long nx, long ny, int nullcheck, int nullvalue,long *ngoodpix, int *minvalue, int *maxvalue, double *mean, double *sigma, double *noise1, double *noise2, double *noise3, double *noise5, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_img_stats_float(float *array, long nx, long ny, int nullcheck, float nullvalue,long *ngoodpix, float *minvalue, float *maxvalue, double *mean, double *sigma, double *noise1, double *noise2, double *noise3, double *noise5, int *status); /*--------------------- image compression routines ------------------*/ int CFITS_API fits_set_compression_type(fitsfile *fptr, int ctype, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_set_tile_dim(fitsfile *fptr, int ndim, long *dims, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_set_noise_bits(fitsfile *fptr, int noisebits, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_set_quantize_level(fitsfile *fptr, float qlevel, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_set_hcomp_scale(fitsfile *fptr, float scale, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_set_hcomp_smooth(fitsfile *fptr, int smooth, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_set_quantize_method(fitsfile *fptr, int method, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_set_quantize_dither(fitsfile *fptr, int dither, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_set_dither_seed(fitsfile *fptr, int seed, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_set_dither_offset(fitsfile *fptr, int offset, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_set_lossy_int(fitsfile *fptr, int lossy_int, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_set_huge_hdu(fitsfile *fptr, int huge, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_set_compression_pref(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_get_compression_type(fitsfile *fptr, int *ctype, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_get_tile_dim(fitsfile *fptr, int ndim, long *dims, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_get_quantize_level(fitsfile *fptr, float *qlevel, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_get_noise_bits(fitsfile *fptr, int *noisebits, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_get_hcomp_scale(fitsfile *fptr, float *scale, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_get_hcomp_smooth(fitsfile *fptr, int *smooth, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_get_dither_seed(fitsfile *fptr, int *seed, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_img_compress(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_compress_img(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int compress_type, long *tilesize, int parm1, int parm2, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_is_compressed_image(fitsfile *fptr, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_is_reentrant(void); int CFITS_API fits_decompress_img (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_img_decompress_header(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_img_decompress (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status); /* H-compress routines */ int CFITS_API fits_hcompress(int *a, int nx, int ny, int scale, char *output, long *nbytes, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_hcompress64(LONGLONG *a, int nx, int ny, int scale, char *output, long *nbytes, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_hdecompress(unsigned char *input, int smooth, int *a, int *nx, int *ny, int *scale, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_hdecompress64(unsigned char *input, int smooth, LONGLONG *a, int *nx, int *ny, int *scale, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_compress_table (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status); int CFITS_API fits_uncompress_table(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status); /* curl library wrapper routines (for https access) */ int CFITS_API fits_init_https(void); int CFITS_API fits_cleanup_https(void); void CFITS_API fits_verbose_https(int flag); void CFITS_API ffshdwn(int flag); int CFITS_API ffgtmo(void); int CFITS_API ffstmo(int sec, int *status); /* The following exclusion if __CINT__ is defined is needed for ROOT */ #ifndef __CINT__ #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif #endif #endif cfitsio-4.3.1/README0000644000225700000360000001066013472024437013336 0ustar cagordonlhea CFITSIO Interface Library CFITSIO is a library of ANSI C routines for reading and writing FITS format data files. A set of Fortran-callable wrapper routines are also included for the convenience of Fortran programmers. This README file gives a brief summary of how to build and test CFITSIO, but the CFITSIO User's Guide, found in the files cfitsio.doc (plain text), cfitsio.tex (LaTeX source file), cfitsio.ps, or cfitsio.pdf should be referenced for the latest and most complete information. BUILDING CFITSIO ---------------- The CFITSIO code is contained in about 40 *.c source files and several *.h header files. CFITSIO should compile and run on most Unix platforms without modification, except that Cray supercomputers computers are currently not supported. The CFITSIO library is built on Unix systems by typing: > ./configure [--prefix=/target/installation/path] > make (or 'make shared') > make install (this step is optional) at the operating system prompt. The configure command customizes the Makefile for the particular system, then the `make' command compiles the source files and builds the library. Type `./configure' and not simply `configure' to ensure that the configure script in the current directory is run and not some other system-wide configure script. The optional 'prefix' argument to configure gives the path to the directory where the CFITSIO library and include files should be installed via the later 'make install' command. For example, > ./configure --prefix=/usr1/local will cause the 'make install' command to copy the CFITSIO libcfitsio file to /usr1/local/lib and the necessary include files to /usr1/local/include (assuming of course that the process has permission to write to these directories). All the available configure options can be seen by entering the command > ./configure --help On VAX/VMS and ALPHA/VMS systems the make.com command file may be used to build the cfitsio.olb object library using the default G-floating point option for double variables. The make\_dfloat.com and make\_ieee.com files may be used instead to build the library with the other floating point options. A precompiled DLL version of CFITSIO is available for IBM-PC users of the Borland or Microsoft Visual C++ compilers in the files cfitsiodll_xxxx_borland.zip and cfitsiodll_xxxx_vcc.zip, where 'xxxx' represents the current release number. These zip archives also contains other files and instructions on how to use the CFITSIO DLL library. The CFITSIO library may also be built from the source code using the makefile.bc or makefile.vcc files. Finally, the makepc.bat file gives an example of building CFITSIO with the Borland C++ v4.5 compiler using simpler DOS commands. Instructions for building CFITSIO on Mac OS can be found in the README.MacOS file. TESTING CFITSIO --------------- The CFITSIO library should be tested by building and running the testprog.c program that is included with the release. On Unix systems, type: - % make testprog % testprog > testprog.lis % diff testprog.lis testprog.out % cmp testprog.fit testprog.std - On VMS systems, (assuming cc is the name of the C compiler command), type: - $ cc testprog.c $ link testprog, cfitsio/lib $ run testprog - The testprog program should produce a FITS file called `testprog.fit' that is identical to the testprog.std FITS file included in this release. The diagnostic messages (which were piped to the file testprog.lis in the Unix example) should be identical to the listing contained in the file testprog.out. The 'diff' and 'cmp' commands shown above should not report any differences in the files. USING CFITSIO ------------- The CFITSIO User's Guide, contained in the files cfitsio.doc (plain text file) and cfitsio.ps (postscript file), provides detailed documentation about how to build and use the CFITSIO library. It contains a description of every user-callable routine in the CFITSIO interface. The cookbook.c file provides some sample routines for performing common operations on various types of FITS files. Programmers are urged to examine these routines for recommended programming practices when using CFITSIO. Users are free to copy or modify these routines for their own purposes. Any problem reports or suggestions for improvements are welcome and should be sent to the HEASARC help desk. ------------------------------------------------------------------------- William D. Pence HEASARC, NASA/GSFC cfitsio-4.3.1/f77_wrap.h0000644000225700000360000002442114214470324014256 0ustar cagordonlhea#define UNSIGNED_BYTE #include "cfortran.h" /************************************************************************ Some platforms creates longs as 8-byte integers. On other machines, ints and longs are both 4-bytes, so both are compatible with Fortrans default integer which is 4-bytes. To support 8-byte longs, we must redefine LONGs and convert them to 8-bytes when going to C, and restore them to 4-bytes when returning to Fortran. Ugh!!! *************************************************************************/ #if defined(DECFortran) || (defined(__alpha) && defined(g77Fortran)) \ || (defined(mipsFortran) && _MIPS_SZLONG==64) \ || (defined(IBMR2Fortran) && defined(__64BIT__)) \ || defined(__ia64__) \ || defined (__sparcv9) || (defined(__sparc__) && defined(__arch64__)) \ || defined (__x86_64__) \ || defined (_SX) \ || defined (__powerpc64__)\ || defined (__s390x__)\ || (defined(__arm64__) && defined(__APPLE__)) \ || defined(__aarch64__) #define LONG8BYTES_INT4BYTES #undef LONGV_cfSTR #undef PLONG_cfSTR #undef LONGVVVVVVV_cfTYPE #undef PLONG_cfTYPE #undef LONGV_cfT #undef PLONG_cfT #define LONGV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,LONGV,A,B,C,D,E) #define PLONG_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,PLONG,A,B,C,D,E) #define LONGVVVVVVV_cfTYPE int #define PLONG_cfTYPE int #define LONGV_cfQ(B) long *B, _(B,N); #define PLONG_cfQ(B) long B; #define LONGV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) ( (_(B,N) = * _3(M,_LONGV_A,I)), \ B = F2Clongv(_(B,N),A) ) #define PLONG_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) ((B=*A),&B) #define LONGV_cfR(A,B,D) C2Flongv(_(B,N),A,B); #define PLONG_cfR(A,B,D) *A=B; #define LONGV_cfH(S,U,B) #define PLONG_cfH(S,U,B) static long *F2Clongv(long size, int *A) { long i; long *B; B=(long *)malloc( size*sizeof(long) ); for(i=0;idsc$a_pointer /* We want single strings to be equivalent to string vectors with */ /* a single element, so ignore the number of elements info in the */ /* vector structure, and rely on the NUM_ELEM definitions. */ #undef STRINGV_cfT #define STRINGV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) TTTTSTRV(A->dsc$a_pointer, B, \ A->dsc$w_length, \ num_elem(A->dsc$a_pointer, \ A->dsc$w_length, \ _3(M,_STRV_A,I) ) ) #else #ifdef CRAYFortran #define PPSTRING_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (unsigned char*)_fcdtocp(A) #else #define PPSTRING_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (unsigned char*)A #endif #endif #define _cfMAX(A,B) ( (A>B) ? A : B ) #define STRINGV_cfQ(B) char **B; unsigned int _(B,N), _(B,M); #define STRINGV_cfR(A,B,D) free(B[0]); free(B); #define TTSTR( A,B,D) \ ((B=(char*)malloc(_cfMAX(D,gMinStrLen)+1))[D]='\0',memcpy(B,A,D), \ kill_trailing(B,' ')) #define TTTTSTRV( A,B,D,E) ( \ _(B,N)=_cfMAX(E,1), \ _(B,M)=_cfMAX(D,gMinStrLen)+1, \ B=(char**)malloc(_(B,N)*sizeof(char*)), \ B[0]=(char*)malloc(_(B,N)*_(B,M)), \ vindex(B,_(B,M),_(B,N),f2cstrv2(A,B[0],D,_(B,M),_(B,N))) \ ) #define RRRRPSTRV(A,B,D) \ c2fstrv2(B[0],A,_(B,M),D,_(B,N)), \ free(B[0]), \ free(B); static char **vindex(char **B, int elem_len, int nelem, char *B0) { int i; if( nelem ) for( i=0;idsc$a_pointer)[0]) #define BYTEV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (INTEGER_BYTE*)A->dsc$a_pointer #else #ifdef CRAYFortran #define BYTE_cfN(T,A) _fcd A #define BYTEV_cfN(T,A) _fcd A #define BYTE_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (INTEGER_BYTE)((_fcdtocp(A))[0]) #define BYTEV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (INTEGER_BYTE*)_fcdtocp(A) #else #define BYTE_cfN(T,A) INTEGER_BYTE * A #define BYTEV_cfN(T,A) INTEGER_BYTE * A #define BYTE_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A[0] #define BYTEV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A #endif #endif /************************************************************************ The following definitions and functions handle conversions between C and Fortran arrays of LOGICALS. Individually, LOGICALS are treated as int's but as char's when in an array. cfortran defines (F2C/C2F)LOGICALV but never uses them, so these routines also handle TRUE/FALSE conversions. *************************************************************************/ #undef LOGICALV_cfSTR #undef LOGICALV_cfT #define LOGICALV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,LOGICALV,A,B,C,D,E) #define LOGICALV_cfQ(B) char *B; unsigned int _(B,N); #define LOGICALV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (_(B,N)= * _3(M,_LOGV_A,I), \ B=F2CcopyLogVect(_(B,N),A)) #define LOGICALV_cfR(A,B,D) C2FcopyLogVect(_(B,N),A,B); #define LOGICALV_cfH(S,U,B) static char *F2CcopyLogVect(long size, int *A) { long i; char *B; B=(char *)malloc(size*sizeof(char)); for( i=0; i #include #include #include #include #include /* apparently needed to define size_t */ #include "fitsio2.h" #include "group.h" #ifdef CFITSIO_HAVE_CURL #include #endif #define MAX_PREFIX_LEN 20 /* max length of file type prefix (e.g. 'http://') */ #define MAX_DRIVERS 31 /* max number of file I/O drivers */ typedef struct /* structure containing pointers to I/O driver functions */ { char prefix[MAX_PREFIX_LEN]; int (*init)(void); int (*shutdown)(void); int (*setoptions)(int option); int (*getoptions)(int *options); int (*getversion)(int *version); int (*checkfile)(char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile); int (*open)(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle); int (*create)(char *filename, int *drivehandle); int (*truncate)(int drivehandle, LONGLONG size); int (*close)(int drivehandle); int (*remove)(char *filename); int (*size)(int drivehandle, LONGLONG *size); int (*flush)(int drivehandle); int (*seek)(int drivehandle, LONGLONG offset); int (*read)(int drivehandle, void *buffer, long nbytes); int (*write)(int drivehandle, void *buffer, long nbytes); } fitsdriver; fitsdriver driverTable[MAX_DRIVERS]; /* allocate driver tables */ FITSfile *FptrTable[NMAXFILES]; /* this table of Fptr pointers is */ /* used by fits_already_open */ int need_to_initialize = 1; /* true if CFITSIO has not been initialized */ int no_of_drivers = 0; /* number of currently defined I/O drivers */ static int pixel_filter_helper(fitsfile **fptr, char *outfile, char *expr, int *status); static int find_quote(char **string); static int find_doublequote(char **string); static int find_paren(char **string); static int find_bracket(char **string); static int find_curlybracket(char **string); static int standardize_path(char *fullpath, int *status); int comma2semicolon(char *string); #ifdef _REENTRANT pthread_mutex_t Fitsio_InitLock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER; #endif /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fitsio_init_lock(void) { int status = 0; #ifdef _REENTRANT static int need_to_init = 1; pthread_mutexattr_t mutex_init; FFLOCK1(Fitsio_InitLock); if (need_to_init) { /* Init the main fitsio lock here since we need a a recursive lock */ status = pthread_mutexattr_init(&mutex_init); if (status) { ffpmsg("pthread_mutexattr_init failed (fitsio_init_lock)"); return(status); } #ifdef __GLIBC__ status = pthread_mutexattr_settype(&mutex_init, PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE_NP); #else status = pthread_mutexattr_settype(&mutex_init, PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE); #endif if (status) { ffpmsg("pthread_mutexattr_settype failed (fitsio_init_lock)"); return(status); } status = pthread_mutex_init(&Fitsio_Lock,&mutex_init); if (status) { ffpmsg("pthread_mutex_init failed (fitsio_init_lock)"); return(status); } need_to_init = 0; } FFUNLOCK1(Fitsio_InitLock); #endif return(status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffomem(fitsfile **fptr, /* O - FITS file pointer */ const char *name, /* I - name of file to open */ int mode, /* I - 0 = open readonly; 1 = read/write */ void **buffptr, /* I - address of memory pointer */ size_t *buffsize, /* I - size of buffer, in bytes */ size_t deltasize, /* I - increment for future realloc's */ void *(*mem_realloc)(void *p, size_t newsize), /* function */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Open an existing FITS file in core memory. This is a specialized version of ffopen. */ { int ii, driver, handle, hdutyp, slen, movetotype, extvers, extnum; char extname[FLEN_VALUE]; LONGLONG filesize; char urltype[MAX_PREFIX_LEN], infile[FLEN_FILENAME], outfile[FLEN_FILENAME]; char extspec[FLEN_FILENAME], rowfilter[FLEN_FILENAME]; char binspec[FLEN_FILENAME], colspec[FLEN_FILENAME]; char imagecolname[FLEN_VALUE], rowexpress[FLEN_FILENAME]; char *url, errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; char *hdtype[3] = {"IMAGE", "TABLE", "BINTABLE"}; if (*status > 0) return(*status); *fptr = 0; /* initialize null file pointer */ if (need_to_initialize) /* this is called only once */ { *status = fits_init_cfitsio(); if (*status > 0) return(*status); } url = (char *) name; while (*url == ' ') /* ignore leading spaces in the file spec */ url++; /* parse the input file specification */ fits_parse_input_url(url, urltype, infile, outfile, extspec, rowfilter, binspec, colspec, status); strcpy(urltype, "memkeep://"); /* URL type for pre-existing memory file */ *status = urltype2driver(urltype, &driver); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("could not find driver for pre-existing memory file: (ffomem)"); return(*status); } /* call driver routine to open the memory file */ FFLOCK; /* lock this while searching for vacant handle */ *status = mem_openmem( buffptr, buffsize,deltasize, mem_realloc, &handle); FFUNLOCK; if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to open pre-existing memory file: (ffomem)"); return(*status); } /* get initial file size */ *status = (*driverTable[driver].size)(handle, &filesize); if (*status > 0) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed get the size of the memory file: (ffomem)"); return(*status); } /* allocate fitsfile structure and initialize = 0 */ *fptr = (fitsfile *) calloc(1, sizeof(fitsfile)); if (!(*fptr)) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate structure for following file: (ffomem)"); ffpmsg(url); return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* allocate FITSfile structure and initialize = 0 */ (*fptr)->Fptr = (FITSfile *) calloc(1, sizeof(FITSfile)); if (!((*fptr)->Fptr)) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate structure for following file: (ffomem)"); ffpmsg(url); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } slen = strlen(url) + 1; slen = maxvalue(slen, 32); /* reserve at least 32 chars */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename = (char *) malloc(slen); /* mem for file name */ if ( !(((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename) ) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for filename: (ffomem)"); ffpmsg(url); free((*fptr)->Fptr); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* mem for headstart array */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->headstart = (LONGLONG *) calloc(1001, sizeof(LONGLONG)); if ( !(((*fptr)->Fptr)->headstart) ) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for headstart array: (ffomem)"); ffpmsg(url); free( ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename); free((*fptr)->Fptr); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* mem for file I/O buffers */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->iobuffer = (char *) calloc(NIOBUF, IOBUFLEN); if ( !(((*fptr)->Fptr)->iobuffer) ) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for iobuffer array: (ffomem)"); ffpmsg(url); free( ((*fptr)->Fptr)->headstart); /* free memory for headstart array */ free( ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename); free((*fptr)->Fptr); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* initialize the ageindex array (relative age of the I/O buffers) */ /* and initialize the bufrecnum array as being empty */ for (ii = 0; ii < NIOBUF; ii++) { ((*fptr)->Fptr)->ageindex[ii] = ii; ((*fptr)->Fptr)->bufrecnum[ii] = -1; } /* store the parameters describing the file */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->MAXHDU = 1000; /* initial size of headstart */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filehandle = handle; /* file handle */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->driver = driver; /* driver number */ strcpy(((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename, url); /* full input filename */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filesize = filesize; /* physical file size */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->logfilesize = filesize; /* logical file size */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->writemode = mode; /* read-write mode */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->datastart = DATA_UNDEFINED; /* unknown start of data */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->curbuf = -1; /* undefined current IO buffer */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->open_count = 1; /* structure is currently used once */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->validcode = VALIDSTRUC; /* flag denoting valid structure */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->noextsyntax = 0; /* extended syntax can be used in filename */ ffldrc(*fptr, 0, REPORT_EOF, status); /* load first record */ fits_store_Fptr( (*fptr)->Fptr, status); /* store Fptr address */ if (ffrhdu(*fptr, &hdutyp, status) > 0) /* determine HDU structure */ { ffpmsg( "ffomem could not interpret primary array header of file: (ffomem)"); ffpmsg(url); if (*status == UNKNOWN_REC) ffpmsg("This does not look like a FITS file."); ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ } /* ---------------------------------------------------------- */ /* move to desired extension, if specified as part of the URL */ /* ---------------------------------------------------------- */ imagecolname[0] = '\0'; rowexpress[0] = '\0'; if (*extspec) { /* parse the extension specifier into individual parameters */ ffexts(extspec, &extnum, extname, &extvers, &movetotype, imagecolname, rowexpress, status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (extnum) { ffmahd(*fptr, extnum + 1, &hdutyp, status); } else if (*extname) /* move to named extension, if specified */ { ffmnhd(*fptr, movetotype, extname, extvers, status); } if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("ffomem could not move to the specified extension:"); if (extnum > 0) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, " extension number %d doesn't exist or couldn't be opened.",extnum); ffpmsg(errmsg); } else { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, " extension with EXTNAME = %s,", extname); ffpmsg(errmsg); if (extvers) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, " and with EXTVERS = %d,", extvers); ffpmsg(errmsg); } if (movetotype != ANY_HDU) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, " and with XTENSION = %s,", hdtype[movetotype]); ffpmsg(errmsg); } ffpmsg(" doesn't exist or couldn't be opened."); } return(*status); } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffdkopn(fitsfile **fptr, /* O - FITS file pointer */ const char *name, /* I - full name of file to open */ int mode, /* I - 0 = open readonly; 1 = read/write */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Open an existing FITS file on magnetic disk with either readonly or read/write access. The routine does not support CFITSIO's extended filename syntax and simply uses the entire input 'name' string as the name of the file. */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); *status = OPEN_DISK_FILE; ffopen(fptr, name, mode, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffdopn(fitsfile **fptr, /* O - FITS file pointer */ const char *name, /* I - full name of file to open */ int mode, /* I - 0 = open readonly; 1 = read/write */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Open an existing FITS file with either readonly or read/write access. and move to the first HDU that contains 'interesting' data, if the primary array contains a null image (i.e., NAXIS = 0). */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); *status = SKIP_NULL_PRIMARY; ffopen(fptr, name, mode, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffeopn(fitsfile **fptr, /* O - FITS file pointer */ const char *name, /* I - full name of file to open */ int mode, /* I - 0 = open readonly; 1 = read/write */ char *extlist, /* I - list of 'good' extensions to move to */ int *hdutype, /* O - type of extension that is moved to */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Open an existing FITS file with either readonly or read/write access. and if the primary array contains a null image (i.e., NAXIS = 0) then attempt to move to the first extension named in the extlist of extension names. If none are found, then simply move to the 2nd extension. */ { int hdunum, naxis = 0, thdutype, gotext=0; char *ext, *textlist; char *saveptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (ffopen(fptr, name, mode, status) > 0) return(*status); fits_get_hdu_num(*fptr, &hdunum); fits_get_hdu_type(*fptr, &thdutype, status); if (hdunum == 1 && thdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { fits_get_img_dim(*fptr, &naxis, status); } /* We are in the "default" primary extension */ /* look through the extension list */ if( (hdunum == 1) && (naxis == 0) ){ if( extlist ){ gotext = 0; textlist = malloc(strlen(extlist) + 1); if (!textlist) { *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; return(*status); } strcpy(textlist, extlist); for(ext=(char *)ffstrtok(textlist, " ",&saveptr); ext != NULL; ext=(char *)ffstrtok(NULL," ",&saveptr)){ fits_movnam_hdu(*fptr, ANY_HDU, ext, 0, status); if( *status == 0 ){ gotext = 1; break; } else { *status = 0; } } free(textlist); } if( !gotext ){ /* if all else fails, move to extension #2 and hope for the best */ fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, 2, &thdutype, status); } } if (hdutype) { fits_get_hdu_type(*fptr, hdutype, status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fftopn(fitsfile **fptr, /* O - FITS file pointer */ const char *name, /* I - full name of file to open */ int mode, /* I - 0 = open readonly; 1 = read/write */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Open an existing FITS file with either readonly or read/write access. and move to the first HDU that contains 'interesting' table (not an image). */ { int hdutype; if (*status > 0) return(*status); *status = SKIP_IMAGE; ffopen(fptr, name, mode, status); if (ffghdt(*fptr, &hdutype, status) <= 0) { if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) *status = NOT_TABLE; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffiopn(fitsfile **fptr, /* O - FITS file pointer */ const char *name, /* I - full name of file to open */ int mode, /* I - 0 = open readonly; 1 = read/write */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Open an existing FITS file with either readonly or read/write access. and move to the first HDU that contains 'interesting' image (not an table). */ { int hdutype; if (*status > 0) return(*status); *status = SKIP_TABLE; ffopen(fptr, name, mode, status); if (ffghdt(*fptr, &hdutype, status) <= 0) { if (hdutype != IMAGE_HDU) *status = NOT_IMAGE; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffopentest(int soname, /* I - CFITSIO shared library version */ /* application program (fitsio.h file) */ fitsfile **fptr, /* O - FITS file pointer */ const char *name, /* I - full name of file to open */ int mode, /* I - 0 = open readonly; 1 = read/write */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Open an existing FITS file with either readonly or read/write access. First test that the SONAME of fitsio.h used to build the CFITSIO library is the same as was used in compiling the application program that links to the library. */ { if (soname != CFITSIO_SONAME) { printf("\nERROR: Mismatch in the CFITSIO_SONAME value in the fitsio.h include file\n"); printf("that was used to build the CFITSIO library, and the value in the include file\n"); printf("that was used when compiling the application program:\n"); printf(" Version used to build the CFITSIO library = %d\n",CFITSIO_SONAME); printf(" Version included by the application program = %d\n",soname); printf("\nFix this by recompiling and then relinking this application program \n"); printf("with the CFITSIO library.\n"); *status = FILE_NOT_OPENED; return(*status); } /* now call the normal file open routine */ ffopen(fptr, name, mode, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffopen(fitsfile **fptr, /* O - FITS file pointer */ const char *name, /* I - full name of file to open */ int mode, /* I - 0 = open readonly; 1 = read/write */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Open an existing FITS file with either readonly or read/write access. */ { fitsfile *newptr; int ii, driver, hdutyp, hdunum, slen, writecopy, isopen; LONGLONG filesize; long rownum, nrows, goodrows; int extnum, extvers, handle, movetotype, tstatus = 0, only_one = 0; char urltype[MAX_PREFIX_LEN], infile[FLEN_FILENAME], outfile[FLEN_FILENAME]; char origurltype[MAX_PREFIX_LEN], extspec[FLEN_FILENAME]; char extname[FLEN_VALUE], rowfilter[FLEN_FILENAME], tblname[FLEN_VALUE]; char imagecolname[FLEN_VALUE], rowexpress[FLEN_FILENAME]; char binspec[FLEN_FILENAME], colspec[FLEN_FILENAME], pixfilter[FLEN_FILENAME]; char histfilename[FLEN_FILENAME]; char filtfilename[FLEN_FILENAME], compspec[FLEN_FILENAME]; char wtcol[FLEN_VALUE]; char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE]; char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE]; char *url; double minin[4], maxin[4], binsizein[4], weight; int imagetype, naxis = 1, haxis, recip; int skip_null = 0, skip_image = 0, skip_table = 0, open_disk_file = 0; char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE]; char errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; char *hdtype[3] = {"IMAGE", "TABLE", "BINTABLE"}; char *rowselect = 0; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (*status == SKIP_NULL_PRIMARY) { /* this special status value is used as a flag by ffdopn to tell */ /* ffopen to skip over a null primary array when opening the file. */ skip_null = 1; *status = 0; } else if (*status == SKIP_IMAGE) { /* this special status value is used as a flag by fftopn to tell */ /* ffopen to move to 1st significant table when opening the file. */ skip_image = 1; *status = 0; } else if (*status == SKIP_TABLE) { /* this special status value is used as a flag by ffiopn to tell */ /* ffopen to move to 1st significant image when opening the file. */ skip_table = 1; *status = 0; } else if (*status == OPEN_DISK_FILE) { /* this special status value is used as a flag by ffdkopn to tell */ /* ffopen to not interpret the input filename using CFITSIO's */ /* extended filename syntax, and simply open the specified disk file */ open_disk_file = 1; *status = 0; } *fptr = 0; /* initialize null file pointer */ writecopy = 0; /* have we made a write-able copy of the input file? */ if (need_to_initialize) { /* this is called only once */ *status = fits_init_cfitsio(); } if (*status > 0) return(*status); url = (char *) name; while (*url == ' ') /* ignore leading spaces in the filename */ url++; if (*url == '\0') { ffpmsg("Name of file to open is blank. (ffopen)"); return(*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED); } if (open_disk_file) { /* treat the input URL literally as the name of the file to open */ /* and don't try to parse the URL using the extended filename syntax */ if (strlen(url) > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { ffpmsg("Name of file to open is too long. (ffopen)"); return(*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcpy(infile,url); strcpy(urltype, "file://"); outfile[0] = '\0'; extspec[0] = '\0'; binspec[0] = '\0'; colspec[0] = '\0'; rowfilter[0] = '\0'; pixfilter[0] = '\0'; compspec[0] = '\0'; } else { /* parse the input file specification */ /* NOTE: This routine tests that all the strings do not */ /* overflow the standard buffer sizes (FLEN_FILENAME, etc.) */ /* therefore in general we do not have to worry about buffer */ /* overflow of any of the returned strings. */ /* call the newer version of this parsing routine that supports 'compspec' */ ffifile2(url, urltype, infile, outfile, extspec, rowfilter, binspec, colspec, pixfilter, compspec, status); } if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("could not parse the input filename: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(url); return(*status); } imagecolname[0] = '\0'; rowexpress[0] = '\0'; if (*extspec) { slen = strlen(extspec); if (extspec[slen - 1] == '#') { /* special symbol to mean only copy this extension */ extspec[slen - 1] = '\0'; only_one = 1; } /* parse the extension specifier into individual parameters */ ffexts(extspec, &extnum, extname, &extvers, &movetotype, imagecolname, rowexpress, status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* special cases: */ /*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ histfilename[0] = '\0'; filtfilename[0] = '\0'; if (*outfile && (*binspec || *imagecolname || *pixfilter)) { /* if binspec or imagecolumn are specified, then the */ /* output file name is intended for the final image, */ /* and not a copy of the input file. */ strcpy(histfilename, outfile); outfile[0] = '\0'; } else if (*outfile && (*rowfilter || *colspec)) { /* if rowfilter or colspece are specified, then the */ /* output file name is intended for the filtered file */ /* and not a copy of the input file. */ strcpy(filtfilename, outfile); outfile[0] = '\0'; } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* check if this same file is already open, and if so, attach to it */ /*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ FFLOCK; if (fits_already_open(fptr, url, urltype, infile, extspec, rowfilter, binspec, colspec, mode, open_disk_file, &isopen, status) > 0) { FFUNLOCK; return(*status); } FFUNLOCK; if (isopen) { goto move2hdu; } /* get the driver number corresponding to this urltype */ *status = urltype2driver(urltype, &driver); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("could not find driver for this file: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(urltype); ffpmsg(url); return(*status); } /*------------------------------------------------------------------- deal with all those messy special cases which may require that a different driver be used: - is disk file compressed? - are ftp:, gsiftp:, or http: files compressed? - has user requested that a local copy be made of the ftp or http file? -------------------------------------------------------------------*/ if (driverTable[driver].checkfile) { strcpy(origurltype,urltype); /* Save the urltype */ /* 'checkfile' may modify the urltype, infile and outfile strings */ *status = (*driverTable[driver].checkfile)(urltype, infile, outfile); if (*status) { ffpmsg("checkfile failed for this file: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(url); return(*status); } if (strcmp(origurltype, urltype)) /* did driver changed on us? */ { *status = urltype2driver(urltype, &driver); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("could not change driver for this file: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(url); ffpmsg(urltype); return(*status); } } } /* call appropriate driver to open the file */ if (driverTable[driver].open) { FFLOCK; /* lock this while searching for vacant handle */ *status = (*driverTable[driver].open)(infile, mode, &handle); FFUNLOCK; if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to find or open the following file: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(url); return(*status); } } else { ffpmsg("cannot open an existing file of this type: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(url); return(*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* get initial file size */ *status = (*driverTable[driver].size)(handle, &filesize); if (*status > 0) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed get the size of the following file: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(url); return(*status); } /* allocate fitsfile structure and initialize = 0 */ *fptr = (fitsfile *) calloc(1, sizeof(fitsfile)); if (!(*fptr)) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate structure for following file: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(url); return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* allocate FITSfile structure and initialize = 0 */ (*fptr)->Fptr = (FITSfile *) calloc(1, sizeof(FITSfile)); if (!((*fptr)->Fptr)) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate structure for following file: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(url); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } slen = strlen(url) + 1; slen = maxvalue(slen, 32); /* reserve at least 32 chars */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename = (char *) malloc(slen); /* mem for file name */ if ( !(((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename) ) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for filename: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(url); free((*fptr)->Fptr); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* mem for headstart array */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->headstart = (LONGLONG *) calloc(1001, sizeof(LONGLONG)); if ( !(((*fptr)->Fptr)->headstart) ) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for headstart array: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(url); free( ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename); free((*fptr)->Fptr); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* mem for file I/O buffers */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->iobuffer = (char *) calloc(NIOBUF, IOBUFLEN); if ( !(((*fptr)->Fptr)->iobuffer) ) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for iobuffer array: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(url); free( ((*fptr)->Fptr)->headstart); /* free memory for headstart array */ free( ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename); free((*fptr)->Fptr); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* initialize the ageindex array (relative age of the I/O buffers) */ /* and initialize the bufrecnum array as being empty */ for (ii = 0; ii < NIOBUF; ii++) { ((*fptr)->Fptr)->ageindex[ii] = ii; ((*fptr)->Fptr)->bufrecnum[ii] = -1; } /* store the parameters describing the file */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->MAXHDU = 1000; /* initial size of headstart */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filehandle = handle; /* file handle */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->driver = driver; /* driver number */ strcpy(((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename, url); /* full input filename */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filesize = filesize; /* physical file size */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->logfilesize = filesize; /* logical file size */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->writemode = mode; /* read-write mode */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->datastart = DATA_UNDEFINED; /* unknown start of data */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->curbuf = -1; /* undefined current IO buffer */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->open_count = 1; /* structure is currently used once */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->validcode = VALIDSTRUC; /* flag denoting valid structure */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->only_one = only_one; /* flag denoting only copy single extension */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->noextsyntax = open_disk_file; /* true if extended syntax is disabled */ ffldrc(*fptr, 0, REPORT_EOF, status); /* load first record */ fits_store_Fptr( (*fptr)->Fptr, status); /* store Fptr address */ if (ffrhdu(*fptr, &hdutyp, status) > 0) /* determine HDU structure */ { ffpmsg( "ffopen could not interpret primary array header of file: "); ffpmsg(url); if (*status == UNKNOWN_REC) ffpmsg("This does not look like a FITS file."); ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status); } /* ------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* At this point, the input file has been opened. If outfile was */ /* specified, then we have opened a copy of the file, not the */ /* original file so it is safe to modify it if necessary */ /* ------------------------------------------------------------- */ if (*outfile) writecopy = 1; move2hdu: /* ---------------------------------------------------------- */ /* move to desired extension, if specified as part of the URL */ /* ---------------------------------------------------------- */ if (*extspec) { if (extnum) /* extension number was specified */ { ffmahd(*fptr, extnum + 1, &hdutyp, status); } else if (*extname) /* move to named extension, if specified */ { ffmnhd(*fptr, movetotype, extname, extvers, status); } if (*status > 0) /* clean up after error */ { ffpmsg("ffopen could not move to the specified extension:"); if (extnum > 0) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, " extension number %d doesn't exist or couldn't be opened.",extnum); ffpmsg(errmsg); } else { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, " extension with EXTNAME = %s,", extname); ffpmsg(errmsg); if (extvers) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, " and with EXTVERS = %d,", extvers); ffpmsg(errmsg); } if (movetotype != ANY_HDU) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, " and with XTENSION = %s,", hdtype[movetotype]); ffpmsg(errmsg); } ffpmsg(" doesn't exist or couldn't be opened."); } ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status); } } else if (skip_null || skip_image || skip_table || (*imagecolname || *colspec || *rowfilter || *binspec)) { /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ If no explicit extension specifier is given as part of the file name, and, if a) skip_null is true (set if ffopen is called by ffdopn) or b) skip_image or skip_table is true (set if ffopen is called by fftopn or ffdopn) or c) other file filters are specified, then CFITSIO will attempt to move to the first 'interesting' HDU after opening an existing FITS file (or to first interesting table HDU if skip_image is true); An 'interesting' HDU is defined to be either an image with NAXIS > 0 (i.e., not a null array) or a table which has an EXTNAME value which does not contain any of the following strings: 'GTI' - Good Time Interval extension 'OBSTABLE' - used in Beppo SAX data files The main purpose for this is to allow CFITSIO to skip over a null primary and other non-interesting HDUs when opening an existing file, and move directly to the first extension that contains significant data. ------------------------------------------------------------------ */ fits_get_hdu_num(*fptr, &hdunum); if (hdunum == 1) { fits_get_img_dim(*fptr, &naxis, status); if (naxis == 0 || skip_image) /* skip primary array */ { while(1) { /* see if the next HDU is 'interesting' */ if (fits_movrel_hdu(*fptr, 1, &hdutyp, status)) { if (*status == END_OF_FILE) *status = 0; /* reset expected error */ /* didn't find an interesting HDU so move back to beginning */ fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, 1, &hdutyp, status); break; } if (hdutyp == IMAGE_HDU && skip_image) { continue; /* skip images */ } else if (hdutyp != IMAGE_HDU && skip_table) { continue; /* skip tables */ } else if (hdutyp == IMAGE_HDU) { fits_get_img_dim(*fptr, &naxis, status); if (naxis > 0) break; /* found a non-null image */ } else { tstatus = 0; tblname[0] = '\0'; fits_read_key(*fptr, TSTRING, "EXTNAME", tblname, NULL,&tstatus); if ( (!strstr(tblname, "GTI") && !strstr(tblname, "gti")) && fits_strncasecmp(tblname, "OBSTABLE", 8) ) break; /* found an interesting table */ } } /* end while */ } } /* end if (hdunum==1) */ } if (*imagecolname) { /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* we need to open an image contained in a single table cell */ /* First, determine which row of the table to use. */ /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */ if (isdigit((int) *rowexpress)) /* is the row specification a number? */ { sscanf(rowexpress, "%ld", &rownum); if (rownum < 1) { ffpmsg("illegal rownum for image cell:"); ffpmsg(rowexpress); ffpmsg("Could not open the following image in a table cell:"); ffpmsg(extspec); ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM); } } else if (fits_find_first_row(*fptr, rowexpress, &rownum, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("Failed to find row matching this expression:"); ffpmsg(rowexpress); ffpmsg("Could not open the following image in a table cell:"); ffpmsg(extspec); ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status); } if (rownum == 0) { ffpmsg("row satisfying this expression doesn't exist::"); ffpmsg(rowexpress); ffpmsg("Could not open the following image in a table cell:"); ffpmsg(extspec); ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM); } /* determine the name of the new file to contain copy of the image */ if (*histfilename && !(*pixfilter) ) strcpy(outfile, histfilename); /* the original outfile name */ else strcpy(outfile, "mem://_1"); /* create image file in memory */ /* Copy the image into new primary array and open it as the current */ /* fptr. This will close the table that contains the original image. */ /* create new empty file to hold copy of the image */ if (ffinit(&newptr, outfile, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to create file for copy of image in table cell:"); ffpmsg(outfile); return(*status); } if (fits_copy_cell2image(*fptr, newptr, imagecolname, rownum, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("Failed to copy table cell to new primary array:"); ffpmsg(extspec); ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status); } /* close the original file and set fptr to the new image */ ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = newptr; /* reset the pointer to the new table */ writecopy = 1; /* we are now dealing with a copy of the original file */ /* leave it up to calling routine to write any HISTORY keywords */ } /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* edit columns (and/or keywords) in the table, if specified in the URL */ /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */ if (*colspec) { /* the column specifier will modify the file, so make sure */ /* we are already dealing with a copy, or else make a new copy */ if (!writecopy) /* Is the current file already a copy? */ writecopy = fits_is_this_a_copy(urltype); if (!writecopy) { if (*filtfilename && *outfile == '\0') strcpy(outfile, filtfilename); /* the original outfile name */ else strcpy(outfile, "mem://_1"); /* will create copy in memory */ writecopy = 1; } else { ((*fptr)->Fptr)->writemode = READWRITE; /* we have write access */ outfile[0] = '\0'; } if (ffedit_columns(fptr, outfile, colspec, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("editing columns in input table failed (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(" while trying to perform the following operation:"); ffpmsg(colspec); ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status); } } /* ------------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* select rows from the table, if specified in the URL */ /* or select a subimage (if this is an image HDU and not a table) */ /* ------------------------------------------------------------------- */ if (*rowfilter) { fits_get_hdu_type(*fptr, &hdutyp, status); /* get type of HDU */ if (hdutyp == IMAGE_HDU) { /* this is an image so 'rowfilter' is an image section specification */ if (*filtfilename && *outfile == '\0') strcpy(outfile, filtfilename); /* the original outfile name */ else if (*outfile == '\0') /* output file name not already defined? */ strcpy(outfile, "mem://_2"); /* will create file in memory */ /* create new file containing the image section, plus a copy of */ /* any other HDUs that exist in the input file. This routine */ /* will close the original image file and return a pointer */ /* to the new file. */ if (fits_select_image_section(fptr, outfile, rowfilter, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("on-the-fly selection of image section failed (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(" while trying to use the following section filter:"); ffpmsg(rowfilter); ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status); } } else { /* this is a table HDU, so the rowfilter is really a row filter */ if (*binspec) { /* since we are going to make a histogram of the selected rows, */ /* it would be a waste of time and memory to make a whole copy of */ /* the selected rows. Instead, just construct an array of TRUE */ /* or FALSE values that indicate which rows are to be included */ /* in the histogram and pass that to the histogram generating */ /* routine */ fits_get_num_rows(*fptr, &nrows, status); /* get no. of rows */ rowselect = (char *) calloc(nrows, 1); if (!rowselect) { ffpmsg( "failed to allocate memory for selected columns array (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(" while trying to select rows with the following filter:"); ffpmsg(rowfilter); ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } if (fits_find_rows(*fptr, rowfilter, 1L, nrows, &goodrows, rowselect, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("selection of rows in input table failed (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(" while trying to select rows with the following filter:"); ffpmsg(rowfilter); free(rowselect); ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status); } } else { if (!writecopy) /* Is the current file already a copy? */ writecopy = fits_is_this_a_copy(urltype); if (!writecopy) { if (*filtfilename && *outfile == '\0') strcpy(outfile, filtfilename); /* the original outfile name */ else if (*outfile == '\0') /* output filename not already defined? */ strcpy(outfile, "mem://_2"); /* will create copy in memory */ } else { ((*fptr)->Fptr)->writemode = READWRITE; /* we have write access */ outfile[0] = '\0'; } /* select rows in the table. If a copy of the input file has */ /* not already been made, then this routine will make a copy */ /* and then close the input file, so that the modifications will */ /* only be made on the copy, not the original */ if (ffselect_table(fptr, outfile, rowfilter, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("on-the-fly selection of rows in input table failed (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(" while trying to select rows with the following filter:"); ffpmsg(rowfilter); ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status); } /* write history records */ ffphis(*fptr, "CFITSIO used the following filtering expression to create this table:", status); ffphis(*fptr, name, status); } /* end of no binspec case */ } /* end of table HDU case */ } /* end of rowfilter exists case */ /* ------------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* make an image histogram by binning columns, if specified in the URL */ /* ------------------------------------------------------------------- */ if (*binspec) { char **exprs = 0; if (*histfilename && !(*pixfilter) ) strcpy(outfile, histfilename); /* the original outfile name */ else strcpy(outfile, "mem://_3"); /* create histogram in memory */ /* if not already copied the file */ /* parse the binning specifier into individual parameters */ ffbinse(binspec, &imagetype, &haxis, colname, minin, maxin, binsizein, minname, maxname, binname, &weight, wtcol, &recip, &(exprs), status); /* Create the histogram primary array and open it as the current fptr */ /* This will close the table that was used to create the histogram. */ ffhist2e(fptr, outfile, imagetype, haxis, colname, exprs, minin, maxin, binsizein, minname, maxname, binname, weight, wtcol, (exprs?exprs[4]:0), recip, rowselect, status); if (exprs) free(exprs); if (rowselect) free(rowselect); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("on-the-fly histogramming of input table failed (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(" while trying to execute the following histogram specification:"); ffpmsg(binspec); ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status); } /* write history records */ ffphis(*fptr, "CFITSIO used the following expression to create this histogram:", status); ffphis(*fptr, name, status); } if (*pixfilter) { if (*histfilename) strcpy(outfile, histfilename); /* the original outfile name */ else strcpy(outfile, "mem://_4"); /* create in memory */ /* if not already copied the file */ /* Ensure type of HDU is consistent with pixel filtering */ fits_get_hdu_type(*fptr, &hdutyp, status); /* get type of HDU */ if (hdutyp == IMAGE_HDU) { pixel_filter_helper(fptr, outfile, pixfilter, status); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("pixel filtering of input image failed (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(" while trying to execute the following:"); ffpmsg(pixfilter); ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status); } /* write history records */ ffphis(*fptr, "CFITSIO used the following expression to create this image:", status); ffphis(*fptr, name, status); } else { ffpmsg("cannot use pixel filter on non-IMAGE HDU"); ffpmsg(pixfilter); ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ *status = NOT_IMAGE; return(*status); } } /* parse and save image compression specification, if given */ if (*compspec) { ffparsecompspec(*fptr, compspec, status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffreopen(fitsfile *openfptr, /* I - FITS file pointer to open file */ fitsfile **newfptr, /* O - pointer to new re opened file */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Reopen an existing FITS file with either readonly or read/write access. The reopened file shares the same FITSfile structure but may point to a different HDU within the file. */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* check that the open file pointer is valid */ if (!openfptr) return(*status = NULL_INPUT_PTR); else if ((openfptr->Fptr)->validcode != VALIDSTRUC) /* check magic value */ return(*status = BAD_FILEPTR); /* allocate fitsfile structure and initialize = 0 */ *newfptr = (fitsfile *) calloc(1, sizeof(fitsfile)); (*newfptr)->Fptr = openfptr->Fptr; /* both point to the same structure */ (*newfptr)->HDUposition = 0; /* set initial position to primary array */ (((*newfptr)->Fptr)->open_count)++; /* increment the file usage counter */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_store_Fptr(FITSfile *Fptr, /* O - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* store the new Fptr address for future use by fits_already_open */ { int ii; if (*status > 0) return(*status); FFLOCK; for (ii = 0; ii < NMAXFILES; ii++) { if (FptrTable[ii] == 0) { FptrTable[ii] = Fptr; break; } } FFUNLOCK; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_clear_Fptr(FITSfile *Fptr, /* O - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* clear the Fptr address from the Fptr Table */ { int ii; FFLOCK; for (ii = 0; ii < NMAXFILES; ii++) { if (FptrTable[ii] == Fptr) { FptrTable[ii] = 0; break; } } FFUNLOCK; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_already_open(fitsfile **fptr, /* I/O - FITS file pointer */ char *url, char *urltype, char *infile, char *extspec, char *rowfilter, char *binspec, char *colspec, int mode, /* I - 0 = open readonly; 1 = read/write */ int noextsyn, /* I - 0 = ext syntax may be used; 1 = ext syntax disabled */ int *isopen, /* O - 1 = file is already open */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Check if the file to be opened is already open. If so, then attach to it. */ /* the input strings must not exceed the standard lengths */ /* of FLEN_FILENAME, MAX_PREFIX_LEN, etc. */ /* this function was changed so that for files of access method FILE:// the file paths are compared using standard URL syntax and absolute paths (as opposed to relative paths). This eliminates some instances where a file is already opened but it is not realized because it was opened with another file path. For instance, if the CWD is /a/b/c and I open /a/b/c/foo.fits then open ./foo.fits the previous version of this function would not have reconized that the two files were the same. This version does recognize that the two files are the same. */ { FITSfile *oldFptr; int ii, iMatch=-1; char oldurltype[MAX_PREFIX_LEN], oldinfile[FLEN_FILENAME]; char oldextspec[FLEN_FILENAME], oldoutfile[FLEN_FILENAME]; char oldrowfilter[FLEN_FILENAME]; char oldbinspec[FLEN_FILENAME], oldcolspec[FLEN_FILENAME]; char cwd[FLEN_FILENAME]; char tmpStr[FLEN_FILENAME]; char tmpinfile[FLEN_FILENAME]; *isopen = 0; /* When opening a file with readonly access then we simply let the operating system open the file again, instead of using the CFITSIO trick of attaching to the previously opened file. This is required if CFITSIO is running in a multi-threaded environment, because 2 different threads cannot share the same FITSfile pointer. If the file is opened/reopened with write access, then the file MUST only be physically opened once.. */ if (mode == 0) return(*status); strcpy(tmpinfile, infile); if(fits_strcasecmp(urltype,"FILE://") == 0) { if (standardize_path(tmpinfile, status)) return(*status); } for (ii = 0; ii < NMAXFILES; ii++) /* check every buffer */ { if (FptrTable[ii] != 0) { oldFptr = FptrTable[ii]; if (oldFptr->noextsyntax) { /* old urltype must be "file://" */ if (fits_strcasecmp(urltype,"FILE://") == 0) { /* compare tmpinfile to adjusted oldFptr->filename */ /* This shouldn't be possible, but check anyway */ if (strlen(oldFptr->filename) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("Name of old file is too long. (fits_already_open)"); return (*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcpy(oldinfile, oldFptr->filename); if (standardize_path(oldinfile, status)) return(*status); if (!strcmp(tmpinfile, oldinfile)) { /* if infile is not noextsyn, must check that it is not using filters of any kind */ if (noextsyn || (!rowfilter[0] && !binspec[0] && !colspec[0])) { if (mode == READWRITE && oldFptr->writemode == READONLY) { /* cannot assume that a file previously opened with READONLY can now be written to (e.g., files on CDROM, or over the the network, or STDIN), so return with an error. */ ffpmsg( "cannot reopen file READWRITE when previously opened READONLY"); ffpmsg(url); return(*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED); } iMatch = ii; } } } } /* end if old file has disabled extended syntax */ else { fits_parse_input_url(oldFptr->filename, oldurltype, oldinfile, oldoutfile, oldextspec, oldrowfilter, oldbinspec, oldcolspec, status); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("could not parse the previously opened filename: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(oldFptr->filename); return(*status); } if(fits_strcasecmp(oldurltype,"FILE://") == 0) { if (standardize_path(oldinfile, status)) return(*status); } if (!strcmp(urltype, oldurltype) && !strcmp(tmpinfile, oldinfile) ) { /* identical type of file and root file name */ if ( (!rowfilter[0] && !oldrowfilter[0] && !binspec[0] && !oldbinspec[0] && !colspec[0] && !oldcolspec[0]) /* no filtering or binning specs for either file, so */ /* this is a case where the same file is being reopened. */ /* It doesn't matter if the extensions are different */ || /* or */ (!strcmp(rowfilter, oldrowfilter) && !strcmp(binspec, oldbinspec) && !strcmp(colspec, oldcolspec) && !strcmp(extspec, oldextspec) ) ) /* filtering specs are given and are identical, and */ /* the same extension is specified */ { if (mode == READWRITE && oldFptr->writemode == READONLY) { /* cannot assume that a file previously opened with READONLY can now be written to (e.g., files on CDROM, or over the the network, or STDIN), so return with an error. */ ffpmsg( "cannot reopen file READWRITE when previously opened READONLY"); ffpmsg(url); return(*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED); } iMatch = ii; } } } /* end if old file recognizes extended syntax */ } /* end if old fptr exists */ } /* end loop over NMAXFILES */ if (iMatch >= 0) { oldFptr = FptrTable[iMatch]; *fptr = (fitsfile *) calloc(1, sizeof(fitsfile)); if (!(*fptr)) { ffpmsg( "failed to allocate structure for following file: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(url); return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } (*fptr)->Fptr = oldFptr; /* point to the structure */ (*fptr)->HDUposition = 0; /* set initial position */ (((*fptr)->Fptr)->open_count)++; /* increment usage counter */ if (binspec[0]) /* if binning specified, don't move */ extspec[0] = '\0'; /* all the filtering has already been applied, so ignore */ rowfilter[0] = '\0'; binspec[0] = '\0'; colspec[0] = '\0'; *isopen = 1; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int standardize_path(char *fullpath, int* status) { /* Utility function for common operation in fits_already_open fullpath: I/O string to be standardized. Assume len = FLEN_FILENAME */ char tmpPath[FLEN_FILENAME]; char cwd [FLEN_FILENAME]; if (fits_path2url(fullpath, FLEN_FILENAME, tmpPath, status)) return(*status); if (tmpPath[0] != '/') { fits_get_cwd(cwd,status); if (strlen(cwd) + strlen(tmpPath) + 1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("Tile name is too long. (standardize_path)"); return(*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcat(cwd,"/"); strcat(cwd,tmpPath); fits_clean_url(cwd,tmpPath,status); } strcpy(fullpath, tmpPath); return (*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_is_this_a_copy(char *urltype) /* I - type of file */ /* specialized routine that returns 1 if the file is known to be a temporary copy of the originally opened file. Otherwise it returns 0. */ { int iscopy; if (!strncmp(urltype, "mem", 3) ) iscopy = 1; /* file copy is in memory */ else if (!strncmp(urltype, "compress", 8) ) iscopy = 1; /* compressed diskfile that is uncompressed in memory */ else if (!strncmp(urltype, "http", 4) ) iscopy = 1; /* copied file using http protocol */ else if (!strncmp(urltype, "ftp", 3) ) iscopy = 1; /* copied file using ftp protocol */ else if (!strncmp(urltype, "gsiftp", 6) ) iscopy = 1; /* copied file using gsiftp protocol */ else if (!strncpy(urltype, "stdin", 5) ) iscopy = 1; /* piped stdin has been copied to memory */ else iscopy = 0; /* file is not known to be a copy */ return(iscopy); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int find_quote(char **string) /* look for the closing single quote character in the input string */ { char *tstr; tstr = *string; while (*tstr) { if (*tstr == '\'') { /* found the closing quote */ *string = tstr + 1; /* set pointer to next char */ return(0); } else { /* skip over any other character */ tstr++; } } return(1); /* opps, didn't find the closing character */ } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ char *fits_find_match_delim(char *string, char delim) /* Find matching delimiter, respecting quoting and (potentially nested) parentheses char *string - null-terminated string to be searched for delimiter char delim - single delimiter to search for (one of '")]} ) returns: pointer to character after delimiter, or 0 if not found */ { char *tstr = string; int retval = 0; if (!string) return 0; switch (delim) { case '\'': retval = find_quote(&tstr); break; case '"': retval = find_doublequote(&tstr); break; case '}': retval = find_curlybracket(&tstr); break; case ']': retval = find_bracket(&tstr); break; case ')': retval = find_paren(&tstr); break; default: return 0; /* Invalid delimeter, return failure */ } /* Delimeter not found, return failure */ if (retval) return 0; /* Delimeter was found, return next position */ return (tstr); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int find_doublequote(char **string) /* look for the closing double quote character in the input string */ { char *tstr; tstr = *string; while (*tstr) { if (*tstr == '"') { /* found the closing quote */ *string = tstr + 1; /* set pointer to next char */ return(0); } else { /* skip over any other character */ tstr++; } } return(1); /* opps, didn't find the closing character */ } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int find_paren(char **string) /* look for the closing parenthesis character in the input string */ { char *tstr; tstr = *string; while (*tstr) { if (*tstr == ')') { /* found the closing parens */ *string = tstr + 1; /* set pointer to next char */ return(0); } else if (*tstr == '(') { /* found another level of parens */ tstr++; if (find_paren(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '[') { tstr++; if (find_bracket(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '{') { tstr++; if (find_curlybracket(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '"') { tstr++; if (find_doublequote(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '\'') { tstr++; if (find_quote(&tstr)) return(1); } else { tstr++; } } return(1); /* opps, didn't find the closing character */ } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int find_bracket(char **string) /* look for the closing bracket character in the input string */ { char *tstr; tstr = *string; while (*tstr) { if (*tstr == ']') { /* found the closing bracket */ *string = tstr + 1; /* set pointer to next char */ return(0); } else if (*tstr == '(') { /* found another level of parens */ tstr++; if (find_paren(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '[') { tstr++; if (find_bracket(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '{') { tstr++; if (find_curlybracket(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '"') { tstr++; if (find_doublequote(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '\'') { tstr++; if (find_quote(&tstr)) return(1); } else { tstr++; } } return(1); /* opps, didn't find the closing character */ } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int find_curlybracket(char **string) /* look for the closing curly bracket character in the input string */ { char *tstr; tstr = *string; while (*tstr) { if (*tstr == '}') { /* found the closing curly bracket */ *string = tstr + 1; /* set pointer to next char */ return(0); } else if (*tstr == '(') { /* found another level of parens */ tstr++; if (find_paren(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '[') { tstr++; if (find_bracket(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '{') { tstr++; if (find_curlybracket(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '"') { tstr++; if (find_doublequote(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '\'') { tstr++; if (find_quote(&tstr)) return(1); } else { tstr++; } } return(1); /* opps, didn't find the closing character */ } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int comma2semicolon(char *string) /* replace commas with semicolons, unless the comma is within a quoted or bracketed expression */ { char *tstr; tstr = string; while (*tstr) { if (*tstr == ',') { /* found a comma */ *tstr = ';'; tstr++; } else if (*tstr == '(') { /* found another level of parens */ tstr++; if (find_paren(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '[') { tstr++; if (find_bracket(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '{') { tstr++; if (find_curlybracket(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '"') { tstr++; if (find_doublequote(&tstr)) return(1); } else if (*tstr == '\'') { tstr++; if (find_quote(&tstr)) return(1); } else { tstr++; } } return(0); /* reached end of string */ } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffedit_columns( fitsfile **fptr, /* IO - pointer to input table; on output it */ /* points to the new selected rows table */ char *outfile, /* I - name for output file */ char *expr, /* I - column edit expression */ int *status) /* modify columns in a table and/or header keywords in the HDU */ { fitsfile *newptr; int ii, hdunum, slen, colnum = -1, testnum, deletecol = 0, savecol = 0; int numcols = 0, *colindex = 0, tstatus = 0; char *tstbuff=0, *cptr, *cptr2, *cptr3, *clause = NULL, keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD]; char colname[FLEN_VALUE], oldname[FLEN_VALUE], colformat[FLEN_VALUE]; char *file_expr = NULL, testname[FLEN_VALUE], card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*outfile) { /* create new empty file in to hold the selected rows */ if (ffinit(&newptr, outfile, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to create file for copy (ffedit_columns)"); return(*status); } fits_get_hdu_num(*fptr, &hdunum); /* current HDU number in input file */ /* copy all HDUs to the output copy, if the 'only_one' flag is not set */ if (!((*fptr)->Fptr)->only_one) { for (ii = 1; 1; ii++) { if (fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, ii, NULL, status) > 0) break; fits_copy_hdu(*fptr, newptr, 0, status); } if (*status == END_OF_FILE) { *status = 0; /* got the expected EOF error; reset = 0 */ } else if (*status > 0) { ffclos(newptr, status); ffpmsg("failed to copy all HDUs from input file (ffedit_columns)"); return(*status); } } else { /* only copy the primary array and the designated table extension */ fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, 1, NULL, status); fits_copy_hdu(*fptr, newptr, 0, status); fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, hdunum, NULL, status); fits_copy_hdu(*fptr, newptr, 0, status); if (*status > 0) { ffclos(newptr, status); ffpmsg("failed to copy all HDUs from input file (ffedit_columns)"); return(*status); } hdunum = 2; } /* close the original file and return ptr to the new image */ ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = newptr; /* reset the pointer to the new table */ /* move back to the selected table HDU */ if (fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, hdunum, NULL, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to copy the input file (ffedit_columns)"); return(*status); } } /* remove the "col " from the beginning of the column edit expression */ cptr = expr + 4; while (*cptr == ' ') cptr++; /* skip leading white space */ /* Check if need to import expression from a file */ if( *cptr=='@' ) { if( ffimport_file( cptr+1, &file_expr, status ) ) return(*status); cptr = file_expr; while (*cptr == ' ') cptr++; /* skip leading white space... again */ } tstatus = 0; ffgncl(*fptr, &numcols, &tstatus); /* get initial # of cols */ /* as of July 2012, the CFITSIO column filter syntax was modified */ /* so that commas may be used to separate clauses, as well as semi-colons. */ /* This was done because users cannot enter the semi-colon in the HEASARC's */ /* Hera on-line data processing system for computer security reasons. */ /* Therefore, we must convert those commas back to semi-colons here, but we */ /* must not convert any columns that occur within parenthesies. */ if (comma2semicolon(cptr)) { ffpmsg("parsing error in column filter expression"); ffpmsg(cptr); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR; return(*status); } /* parse expression and get first clause, if more than 1 */ while ((slen = fits_get_token2(&cptr, ";", &clause, NULL, status)) > 0 ) { if( *cptr==';' ) cptr++; clause[slen] = '\0'; if (clause[0] == '!' || clause[0] == '-') { char *clause1 = clause+1; int clen = clause1[0] ? strlen(clause1) : 0; /* ===================================== */ /* Case I. delete this column or keyword */ /* ===================================== */ /* Case Ia. delete column names with 0-or-more wildcard -COLNAME+ - delete repeated columns with exact name -COLNAM*+ - delete columns matching patterns */ if (*status == 0 && clen > 1 && clause1[0] != '#' && clause1[clen-1] == '+') { clause1[clen-1] = 0; clen--; /* Note that this is a delete 0 or more specification, which means that no matching columns is not an error. */ do { int status_del = 0; /* Have to set status=0 so we can reset the search at start column. Because we are deleting columns on the fly here, we have to reset the search every time. The only penalty here is execution time because leaving *status == COL_NOT_UNIQUE is merely an optimization for tables assuming the tables do not change from one call to the next. (an assumption broken in this loop) */ *status = 0; ffgcno(*fptr, CASEINSEN, clause1, &colnum, status); /* ffgcno returns COL_NOT_UNIQUE if there are multiple columns, and COL_NOT_FOUND after the last column is found, and COL_NOT_FOUND if no matches were found */ if (*status != 0 && *status != COL_NOT_UNIQUE) break; if (ffdcol(*fptr, colnum, &status_del) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to delete column in input file:"); ffpmsg(clause); if( colindex ) free( colindex ); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if( clause ) free(clause); return (*status = status_del); } deletecol = 1; /* set flag that at least one col was deleted */ numcols--; } while (*status == COL_NOT_UNIQUE); *status = 0; /* No matches are still successful */ colnum = -1; /* Ignore the column we found */ /* Case Ib. delete column names with wildcard or not -COLNAME - deleted exact column -COLNAM* - delete first column that matches pattern Note no leading '#' */ } else if (clause1[0] && clause1[0] != '#' && ((ffgcno(*fptr, CASEINSEN, clause1, &colnum, status) <= 0) || *status == COL_NOT_UNIQUE)) { /* a column with this name exists, so try to delete it */ *status = 0; /* Clear potential status=COL_NOT_UNIQUE */ if (ffdcol(*fptr, colnum, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to delete column in input file:"); ffpmsg(clause); if( colindex ) free( colindex ); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if( clause ) free(clause); return(*status); } deletecol = 1; /* set flag that at least one col was deleted */ numcols--; colnum = -1; } /* Case Ic. delete keyword(s) -KEYNAME,#KEYNAME - delete exact keyword (first match) -KEYNAM*,#KEYNAM* - delete first matching keyword -KEYNAME+,-#KEYNAME+ - delete 0-or-more exact matches of exact keyword -KEYNAM*+,-#KEYNAM*+ - delete 0-or-more wildcard matches Note the preceding # is optional if no conflicting column name exists and that wildcard patterns are described in "colfilter" section of documentation. */ else { int delall = 0; int haswild = 0; ffcmsg(); /* clear previous error message from ffgcno */ /* try deleting a keyword with this name */ *status = 0; /* skip past leading '#' if any */ if (clause1[0] == '#') clause1++; clen = strlen(clause1); /* Repeat deletion of keyword if requested with trailing '+' */ if (clen > 1 && clause1[clen-1] == '+') { delall = 1; clause1[clen-1] = 0; } /* Determine if this pattern has wildcards */ if (strchr(clause1,'?') || strchr(clause1,'*') || strchr(clause1,'#')) { haswild = 1; } if (haswild) { /* ffdkey() behaves differently if the pattern has a wildcard: it only checks from the "current" header position to the end, and doesn't check before the "current" header position. Therefore, for the case of wildcards we will have to reset to the beginning. */ ffmaky(*fptr, 1, status); /* reset pointer to beginning of header */ } /* Single or repeated deletions until done */ do { if (ffdkey(*fptr, clause1, status) > 0) { if (delall && *status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { /* Found last wildcard item. Stop deleting */ ffcmsg(); *status = 0; delall = 0; /* Force end of this loop */ } else { /* This was not a wildcard deletion, or it resulted in another kind of error */ ffpmsg("column or keyword to be deleted does not exist:"); ffpmsg(clause1); if( colindex ) free( colindex ); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if( clause ) free(clause); return(*status); } } } while(delall); /* end do{} */ } } else { /* ===================================================== */ /* Case II: this is either a column name, (case 1) or a new column name followed by double = ("==") followed by the old name which is to be renamed. (case 2A) or a column or keyword name followed by a single "=" and a calculation expression (case 2B) */ /* ===================================================== */ cptr2 = clause; slen = fits_get_token2(&cptr2, "( =", &tstbuff, NULL, status); if (slen == 0 || *status) { ffpmsg("error: column or keyword name is blank (ffedit_columns):"); ffpmsg(clause); if( colindex ) free( colindex ); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if (clause) free(clause); if (*status==0) *status=URL_PARSE_ERROR; return(*status); } if (strlen(tstbuff) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("error: column or keyword name is too long (ffedit_columns):"); ffpmsg(clause); if( colindex ) free( colindex ); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if (clause) free(clause); free(tstbuff); return(*status= URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strcpy(colname, tstbuff); free(tstbuff); tstbuff=0; /* If this is a keyword of the form #KEYWORD# then transform to the form #KEYWORDn where n is the previously used column number */ if (colname[0] == '#' && strstr(colname+1, "#") == (colname + strlen(colname) - 1)) { if (colnum <= 0) { ffpmsg("The keyword name:"); ffpmsg(colname); ffpmsg("is invalid unless a column has been previously"); ffpmsg("created or editted by a calculator command"); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if (clause) free(clause); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } colname[strlen(colname)-1] = '\0'; /* Make keyword name and put it in oldname */ ffkeyn(colname+1, colnum, oldname, status); if (*status) return (*status); /* Re-copy back into colname */ strcpy(colname+1,oldname); } else if (strstr(colname, "#") == (colname + strlen(colname) - 1)) { /* colname is of the form "NAME#"; if a) colnum is defined, and b) a column with literal name "NAME#" does not exist, and c) a keyword with name "NAMEn" (where n=colnum) exists, then transfrom the colname string to "NAMEn", otherwise do nothing. */ if (colnum > 0) { /* colnum must be defined */ tstatus = 0; ffgcno(*fptr, CASEINSEN, colname, &testnum, &tstatus); if (tstatus != 0 && tstatus != COL_NOT_UNIQUE) { /* OK, column doesn't exist, now see if keyword exists */ ffcmsg(); /* clear previous error message from ffgcno */ strcpy(testname, colname); testname[strlen(testname)-1] = '\0'; /* Make keyword name and put it in oldname */ ffkeyn(testname, colnum, oldname, status); if (*status) { if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if (clause) free(clause); return (*status); } tstatus = 0; if (!fits_read_card(*fptr, oldname, card, &tstatus)) { /* Keyword does exist; copy real name back into colname */ strcpy(colname,oldname); } } } } /* if we encountered an opening parenthesis, then we need to */ /* find the closing parenthesis, and concatinate the 2 strings */ /* This supports expressions like: [col #EXTNAME(Extension name)="GTI"] */ if (*cptr2 == '(') { if (fits_get_token2(&cptr2, ")", &tstbuff, NULL, status)==0) { strcat(colname,")"); } else { if ((strlen(tstbuff) + strlen(colname) + 1) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("error: column name is too long (ffedit_columns):"); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if (clause) free(clause); free(tstbuff); *status=URL_PARSE_ERROR; return (*status); } strcat(colname, tstbuff); strcat(colname, ")"); free(tstbuff); tstbuff=0; } cptr2++; } while (*cptr2 == ' ') cptr2++; /* skip white space */ if (*cptr2 != '=') { /* ------------------------------------ */ /* case 1 - simply the name of a column */ /* ------------------------------------ */ /* look for matching column */ ffgcno(*fptr, CASEINSEN, colname, &testnum, status); while (*status == COL_NOT_UNIQUE) { /* the column name contained wild cards, and it */ /* matches more than one column in the table. */ colnum = testnum; /* keep this column in the output file */ savecol = 1; if (!colindex) colindex = (int *) calloc(999, sizeof(int)); colindex[colnum - 1] = 1; /* flag this column number */ /* look for other matching column names */ ffgcno(*fptr, CASEINSEN, colname, &testnum, status); if (*status == COL_NOT_FOUND) *status = 999; /* temporary status flag value */ } if (*status <= 0) { colnum = testnum; /* keep this column in the output file */ savecol = 1; if (!colindex) colindex = (int *) calloc(999, sizeof(int)); colindex[colnum - 1] = 1; /* flag this column number */ } else if (*status == 999) { /* this special flag value does not represent an error */ *status = 0; } else { ffpmsg("Syntax error in columns specifier in input URL:"); ffpmsg(cptr2); if( colindex ) free( colindex ); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if (clause) free(clause); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } } else { /* ----------------------------------------------- */ /* case 2 where the token ends with an equals sign */ /* ----------------------------------------------- */ cptr2++; /* skip over the first '=' */ if (*cptr2 == '=') { /*................................................. */ /* Case A: rename a column or keyword; syntax is "new_name == old_name" */ /*................................................. */ cptr2++; /* skip the 2nd '=' */ while (*cptr2 == ' ') cptr2++; /* skip white space */ if (fits_get_token2(&cptr2, " ", &tstbuff, NULL, status)==0) { oldname[0]=0; } else { if (strlen(tstbuff) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("error: column name syntax is too long (ffedit_columns):"); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if (clause) free(clause); free(tstbuff); *status=URL_PARSE_ERROR; return (*status); } strcpy(oldname, tstbuff); free(tstbuff); tstbuff=0; } /* get column number of the existing column */ if (ffgcno(*fptr, CASEINSEN, oldname, &colnum, status) <= 0) { /* modify the TTYPEn keyword value with the new name */ ffkeyn("TTYPE", colnum, keyname, status); if (ffmkys(*fptr, keyname, colname, NULL, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to rename column in input file"); ffpmsg(" oldname ="); ffpmsg(oldname); ffpmsg(" newname ="); ffpmsg(colname); if( colindex ) free( colindex ); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if (clause) free(clause); return(*status); } /* keep this column in the output file */ savecol = 1; if (!colindex) colindex = (int *) calloc(999, sizeof(int)); colindex[colnum - 1] = 1; /* flag this column number */ } else { /* try renaming a keyword */ ffcmsg(); /* clear error message stack */ *status = 0; if (ffmnam(*fptr, oldname, colname, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("column or keyword to be renamed does not exist:"); ffpmsg(clause); if( colindex ) free( colindex ); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if (clause) free(clause); return(*status); } } } else { /*...................................................... */ /* Case B: */ /* this must be a general column/keyword calc expression */ /* "name = expression" or "colname(TFORM) = expression" */ /*...................................................... */ /* parse the name and TFORM values, if present */ colformat[0] = '\0'; cptr3 = colname; if (fits_get_token2(&cptr3, "(", &tstbuff, NULL, status)==0) { oldname[0]=0; } else { if (strlen(tstbuff) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("column expression is too long (ffedit_columns)"); if( colindex ) free( colindex ); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if (clause) free(clause); free(tstbuff); *status=URL_PARSE_ERROR; return(*status); } strcpy(oldname, tstbuff); free(tstbuff); tstbuff=0; } if (cptr3[0] == '(' ) { cptr3++; /* skip the '(' */ if (fits_get_token2(&cptr3, ")", &tstbuff, NULL, status)==0) { colformat[0]=0; } else { if (strlen(tstbuff) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("column expression is too long (ffedit_columns)"); if( colindex ) free( colindex ); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if (clause) free(clause); free(tstbuff); *status=URL_PARSE_ERROR; return(*status); } strcpy(colformat, tstbuff); free(tstbuff); tstbuff=0; } } /* calculate values for the column or keyword */ /* cptr2 = the expression to be calculated */ /* oldname = name of the column or keyword */ /* colformat = column format, or keyword comment string */ if (fits_calculator(*fptr, cptr2, *fptr, oldname, colformat, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("Unable to calculate expression"); if( colindex ) free( colindex ); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if (clause) free(clause); return(*status); } /* test if this is a column and not a keyword */ tstatus = 0; ffgcno(*fptr, CASEINSEN, oldname, &testnum, &tstatus); if (tstatus == 0) { /* keep this column in the output file */ colnum = testnum; savecol = 1; if (!colindex) colindex = (int *) calloc(999, sizeof(int)); colindex[colnum - 1] = 1; if (colnum > numcols)numcols++; } else { ffcmsg(); /* clear the error message stack */ } } } } if (clause) free(clause); /* free old clause before getting new one */ clause = NULL; } if (savecol && !deletecol) { /* need to delete all but the specified columns */ for (ii = numcols; ii > 0; ii--) { if (!colindex[ii-1]) /* delete this column */ { if (ffdcol(*fptr, ii, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to delete column in input file:"); ffpmsg(clause); if( colindex ) free( colindex ); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if (clause) free(clause); return(*status); } } } } if( colindex ) free( colindex ); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); if (clause) free(clause); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_copy_cell2image( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - point to input table */ fitsfile *newptr, /* O - existing output file; new image HDU will be appended to it */ char *colname, /* I - column name / number containing the image*/ long rownum, /* I - number of the row containing the image */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy a table cell of a given row and column into an image extension. The output file must already have been created. A new image extension will be created in that file. This routine was written by Craig Markwardt, GSFC */ { unsigned char buffer[30000]; int hdutype, colnum, typecode, bitpix, naxis, maxelem, tstatus; LONGLONG naxes[9], nbytes, firstbyte, ntodo; LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, rowlen, tnull; long twidth, incre; double scale, zero; char tform[20]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; char templt[FLEN_CARD] = ""; /* Table-to-image keyword translation table */ /* INPUT OUTPUT */ /* 01234567 01234567 */ char *patterns[][2] = {{"TSCALn", "BSCALE" }, /* Standard FITS keywords */ {"TZEROn", "BZERO" }, {"TUNITn", "BUNIT" }, {"TNULLn", "BLANK" }, {"TDMINn", "DATAMIN" }, {"TDMAXn", "DATAMAX" }, {"iCTYPn", "CTYPEi" }, /* Coordinate labels */ {"iCTYna", "CTYPEia" }, {"iCUNIn", "CUNITi" }, /* Coordinate units */ {"iCUNna", "CUNITia" }, {"iCRVLn", "CRVALi" }, /* WCS keywords */ {"iCRVna", "CRVALia" }, {"iCDLTn", "CDELTi" }, {"iCDEna", "CDELTia" }, {"iCRPXn", "CRPIXi" }, {"iCRPna", "CRPIXia" }, {"ijPCna", "PCi_ja" }, {"ijCDna", "CDi_ja" }, {"iVn_ma", "PVi_ma" }, {"iSn_ma", "PSi_ma" }, {"iCRDna", "CRDERia" }, {"iCSYna", "CSYERia" }, {"iCROTn", "CROTAi" }, {"WCAXna", "WCSAXESa"}, {"WCSNna", "WCSNAMEa"}, {"LONPna", "LONPOLEa"}, {"LATPna", "LATPOLEa"}, {"EQUIna", "EQUINOXa"}, {"MJDOBn", "MJD-OBS" }, {"MJDAn", "MJD-AVG" }, {"RADEna", "RADESYSa"}, {"iCNAna", "CNAMEia" }, {"DAVGn", "DATE-AVG"}, /* Delete table keywords related to other columns */ {"T????#a", "-" }, {"TC??#a", "-" }, {"TWCS#a", "-" }, {"TDIM#", "-" }, {"iCTYPm", "-" }, {"iCUNIm", "-" }, {"iCRVLm", "-" }, {"iCDLTm", "-" }, {"iCRPXm", "-" }, {"iCTYma", "-" }, {"iCUNma", "-" }, {"iCRVma", "-" }, {"iCDEma", "-" }, {"iCRPma", "-" }, {"ijPCma", "-" }, {"ijCDma", "-" }, {"iVm_ma", "-" }, {"iSm_ma", "-" }, {"iCRDma", "-" }, {"iCSYma", "-" }, {"iCROTm", "-" }, {"WCAXma", "-" }, {"WCSNma", "-" }, {"LONPma", "-" }, {"LATPma", "-" }, {"EQUIma", "-" }, {"MJDOBm", "-" }, {"MJDAm", "-" }, {"RADEma", "-" }, {"iCNAma", "-" }, {"DAVGm", "-" }, {"EXTNAME", "-" }, /* Remove structural keywords*/ {"EXTVER", "-" }, {"EXTLEVEL","-" }, {"CHECKSUM","-" }, {"DATASUM", "-" }, {"*", "+" }}; /* copy all other keywords */ int npat; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* get column number */ if (ffgcno(fptr, CASEINSEN, colname, &colnum, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("column containing image in table cell does not exist:"); ffpmsg(colname); return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------*/ /* Check input and get parameters about the column: */ /*---------------------------------------------------*/ if ( ffgcprll(fptr, colnum, rownum, 1L, 1L, 0, &scale, &zero, tform, &twidth, &typecode, &maxelem, &startpos, &elemnum, &incre, &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, (char *) buffer, status) > 0 ) return(*status); /* get the actual column name, in case a column number was given */ ffkeyn("", colnum, templt, &tstatus); ffgcnn(fptr, CASEINSEN, templt, colname, &colnum, &tstatus); if (hdutype != BINARY_TBL) { ffpmsg("This extension is not a binary table."); ffpmsg(" Cannot open the image in a binary table cell."); return(*status = NOT_BTABLE); } if (typecode < 0) { /* variable length array */ typecode *= -1; /* variable length arrays are 1-dimensional by default */ naxis = 1; naxes[0] = repeat; } else { /* get the dimensions of the image */ ffgtdmll(fptr, colnum, 9, &naxis, naxes, status); } if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("Error getting the dimensions of the image"); return(*status); } /* determine BITPIX value for the image */ if (typecode == TBYTE) { bitpix = BYTE_IMG; nbytes = repeat; } else if (typecode == TSHORT) { bitpix = SHORT_IMG; nbytes = repeat * 2; } else if (typecode == TLONG) { bitpix = LONG_IMG; nbytes = repeat * 4; } else if (typecode == TFLOAT) { bitpix = FLOAT_IMG; nbytes = repeat * 4; } else if (typecode == TDOUBLE) { bitpix = DOUBLE_IMG; nbytes = repeat * 8; } else if (typecode == TLONGLONG) { bitpix = LONGLONG_IMG; nbytes = repeat * 8; } else if (typecode == TLOGICAL) { bitpix = BYTE_IMG; nbytes = repeat; } else { ffpmsg("Error: the following image column has invalid datatype:"); ffpmsg(colname); ffpmsg(tform); ffpmsg("Cannot open an image in a single row of this column."); return(*status = BAD_TFORM); } /* create new image in output file */ if (ffcrimll(newptr, bitpix, naxis, naxes, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to write required primary array keywords in the output file"); return(*status); } npat = sizeof(patterns)/sizeof(patterns[0][0])/2; /* skip over the first 8 keywords, starting just after TFIELDS */ fits_translate_keywords(fptr, newptr, 9, patterns, npat, colnum, 0, 0, status); /* add some HISTORY */ snprintf(card,FLEN_CARD,"HISTORY This image was copied from row %ld of column '%s',", rownum, colname); /* disable this; leave it up to the caller to write history if needed. ffprec(newptr, card, status); */ /* the use of ffread routine, below, requires that any 'dirty' */ /* buffers in memory be flushed back to the file first */ ffflsh(fptr, FALSE, status); /* finally, copy the data, one buffer size at a time */ ffmbyt(fptr, startpos, TRUE, status); firstbyte = 1; /* the upper limit on the number of bytes must match the declaration */ /* read up to the first 30000 bytes in the normal way with ffgbyt */ ntodo = minvalue(30000, nbytes); ffgbyt(fptr, ntodo, buffer, status); ffptbb(newptr, 1, firstbyte, ntodo, buffer, status); nbytes -= ntodo; firstbyte += ntodo; /* read any additional bytes with low-level ffread routine, for speed */ while (nbytes && (*status <= 0) ) { ntodo = minvalue(30000, nbytes); ffread((fptr)->Fptr, (long) ntodo, buffer, status); ffptbb(newptr, 1, firstbyte, ntodo, buffer, status); nbytes -= ntodo; firstbyte += ntodo; } /* Re-scan the header so that CFITSIO knows about all the new keywords */ ffrdef(newptr,status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_copy_image2cell( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - pointer to input image extension */ fitsfile *newptr, /* I - pointer to output table */ char *colname, /* I - name of column containing the image */ long rownum, /* I - number of the row containing the image */ int copykeyflag, /* I - controls which keywords to copy */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy an image extension into a table cell at a given row and column. The table must have already been created. If the "colname" column exists, it will be used, otherwise a new column will be created in the table. The "copykeyflag" parameter controls which keywords to copy from the input image to the output table header (with any appropriate translation). copykeyflag = 0 -- no keywords will be copied copykeyflag = 1 -- essentially all keywords will be copied copykeyflag = 2 -- copy only the WCS related keywords This routine was written by Craig Markwardt, GSFC */ { tcolumn *colptr; unsigned char buffer[30000]; int ii, hdutype, colnum, typecode, bitpix, naxis, ncols, hdunum; char tformchar, tform[20], card[FLEN_CARD]; LONGLONG imgstart, naxes[9], nbytes, repeat, ntodo,firstbyte; char filename[FLEN_FILENAME+20]; int npat; int naxis1; LONGLONG naxes1[9] = {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}, repeat1, width1; int typecode1; unsigned char dummy = 0; LONGLONG headstart, datastart, dataend; /* Image-to-table keyword translation table */ /* INPUT OUTPUT */ /* 01234567 01234567 */ char *patterns[][2] = {{"BSCALE", "TSCALn" }, /* Standard FITS keywords */ {"BZERO", "TZEROn" }, {"BUNIT", "TUNITn" }, {"BLANK", "TNULLn" }, {"DATAMIN", "TDMINn" }, {"DATAMAX", "TDMAXn" }, {"CTYPEi", "iCTYPn" }, /* Coordinate labels */ {"CTYPEia", "iCTYna" }, {"CUNITi", "iCUNIn" }, /* Coordinate units */ {"CUNITia", "iCUNna" }, {"CRVALi", "iCRVLn" }, /* WCS keywords */ {"CRVALia", "iCRVna" }, {"CDELTi", "iCDLTn" }, {"CDELTia", "iCDEna" }, {"CRPIXj", "jCRPXn" }, {"CRPIXja", "jCRPna" }, {"PCi_ja", "ijPCna" }, {"CDi_ja", "ijCDna" }, {"PVi_ma", "iVn_ma" }, {"PSi_ma", "iSn_ma" }, {"WCSAXESa","WCAXna" }, {"WCSNAMEa","WCSNna" }, {"CRDERia", "iCRDna" }, {"CSYERia", "iCSYna" }, {"CROTAi", "iCROTn" }, {"LONPOLEa","LONPna"}, {"LATPOLEa","LATPna"}, {"EQUINOXa","EQUIna"}, {"MJD-OBS", "MJDOBn" }, {"MJD-AVG", "MJDAn" }, {"RADESYSa","RADEna"}, {"CNAMEia", "iCNAna" }, {"DATE-AVG","DAVGn"}, {"NAXISi", "-" }, /* Remove structural keywords*/ {"PCOUNT", "-" }, {"GCOUNT", "-" }, {"EXTEND", "-" }, {"EXTNAME", "-" }, {"EXTVER", "-" }, {"EXTLEVEL","-" }, {"CHECKSUM","-" }, {"DATASUM", "-" }, {"*", "+" }}; /* copy all other keywords */ if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (fptr == 0 || newptr == 0) return (*status = NULL_INPUT_PTR); if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("could not get input HDU type"); return (*status); } if (hdutype != IMAGE_HDU) { ffpmsg("The input extension is not an image."); ffpmsg(" Cannot open the image."); return(*status = NOT_IMAGE); } if (ffghdt(newptr, &hdutype, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("could not get output HDU type"); return (*status); } if (hdutype != BINARY_TBL) { ffpmsg("The output extension is not a table."); return(*status = NOT_BTABLE); } if (ffgiprll(fptr, 9, &bitpix, &naxis, naxes, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("Could not read image parameters."); return (*status); } /* Determine total number of pixels in the image */ repeat = 1; for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) repeat *= naxes[ii]; /* Determine the TFORM value for the table cell */ if (bitpix == BYTE_IMG) { typecode = TBYTE; tformchar = 'B'; nbytes = repeat; } else if (bitpix == SHORT_IMG) { typecode = TSHORT; tformchar = 'I'; nbytes = repeat*2; } else if (bitpix == LONG_IMG) { typecode = TLONG; tformchar = 'J'; nbytes = repeat*4; } else if (bitpix == FLOAT_IMG) { typecode = TFLOAT; tformchar = 'E'; nbytes = repeat*4; } else if (bitpix == DOUBLE_IMG) { typecode = TDOUBLE; tformchar = 'D'; nbytes = repeat*8; } else if (bitpix == LONGLONG_IMG) { typecode = TLONGLONG; tformchar = 'K'; nbytes = repeat*8; } else { ffpmsg("Error: the image has an invalid datatype."); return (*status = BAD_BITPIX); } /* get column number */ ffpmrk(); ffgcno(newptr, CASEINSEN, colname, &colnum, status); ffcmrk(); /* Column does not exist; create it */ if (*status) { *status = 0; snprintf(tform, 20, "%.0f%c", (double) repeat, tformchar); ffgncl(newptr, &ncols, status); colnum = ncols+1; fficol(newptr, colnum, colname, tform, status); ffptdmll(newptr, colnum, naxis, naxes, status); if (*status) { ffpmsg("Could not insert new column into output table."); return *status; } } else { ffgtdmll(newptr, colnum, 9, &naxis1, naxes1, status); if (*status > 0 || naxis != naxis1) { ffpmsg("Input image dimensions and output table cell dimensions do not match."); return (*status = BAD_DIMEN); } for (ii=0; ii 0) || (typecode1 != typecode) || (repeat1 != repeat)) { ffpmsg("Input image data type does not match output table cell type."); return (*status = BAD_TFORM); } } /* copy keywords from input image to output table, if required */ if (copykeyflag) { npat = sizeof(patterns)/sizeof(patterns[0][0])/2; if (copykeyflag == 2) { /* copy only the WCS-related keywords */ patterns[npat-1][1] = "-"; } /* The 3rd parameter value = 5 means skip the first 4 keywords in the image */ fits_translate_keywords(fptr, newptr, 5, patterns, npat, colnum, 0, 0, status); } /* Here is all the code to compute offsets: * * byte offset from start of row to column (dest table) * * byte offset from start of file to image data (source image) */ /* Force the writing of the row of the table by writing the last byte of the array, which grows the table, and/or shifts following extensions */ ffpcl(newptr, TBYTE, colnum, rownum, repeat, 1, &dummy, status); /* byte offset within the row to the start of the image column */ colptr = (newptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to correct column structure */ firstbyte = colptr->tbcol + 1; /* get starting address of input image to be read */ ffghadll(fptr, &headstart, &datastart, &dataend, status); imgstart = datastart; snprintf(card, FLEN_CARD, "HISTORY Table column '%s' row %ld copied from image", colname, rownum); /* Don't automatically write History keywords; leave this up to the caller. ffprec(newptr, card, status); */ /* write HISTORY keyword with the file name (this is now disabled)*/ filename[0] = '\0'; hdunum = 0; strcpy(filename, "HISTORY "); ffflnm(fptr, filename+strlen(filename), status); ffghdn(fptr, &hdunum); snprintf(filename+strlen(filename),FLEN_FILENAME+20-strlen(filename),"[%d]", hdunum-1); /* ffprec(newptr, filename, status); */ /* the use of ffread routine, below, requires that any 'dirty' */ /* buffers in memory be flushed back to the file first */ ffflsh(fptr, FALSE, status); /* move to the first byte of the input image */ ffmbyt(fptr, imgstart, TRUE, status); ntodo = minvalue(30000L, nbytes); ffgbyt(fptr, ntodo, buffer, status); /* read input image */ ffptbb(newptr, rownum, firstbyte, ntodo, buffer, status); /* write to table */ nbytes -= ntodo; firstbyte += ntodo; /* read any additional bytes with low-level ffread routine, for speed */ while (nbytes && (*status <= 0) ) { ntodo = minvalue(30000L, nbytes); ffread(fptr->Fptr, (long) ntodo, buffer, status); ffptbb(newptr, rownum, firstbyte, ntodo, buffer, status); nbytes -= ntodo; firstbyte += ntodo; } /* Re-scan the header so that CFITSIO knows about all the new keywords */ ffrdef(newptr,status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_select_image_section( fitsfile **fptr, /* IO - pointer to input image; on output it */ /* points to the new subimage */ char *outfile, /* I - name for output file */ char *expr, /* I - Image section expression */ int *status) { /* copies an image section from the input file to a new output file. Any HDUs preceding or following the image are also copied to the output file. */ fitsfile *newptr; int ii, hdunum; /* create new empty file to hold the image section */ if (ffinit(&newptr, outfile, status) > 0) { ffpmsg( "failed to create output file for image section:"); ffpmsg(outfile); return(*status); } fits_get_hdu_num(*fptr, &hdunum); /* current HDU number in input file */ /* copy all preceding extensions to the output file, if 'only_one' flag not set */ if (!(((*fptr)->Fptr)->only_one)) { for (ii = 1; ii < hdunum; ii++) { fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, ii, NULL, status); if (fits_copy_hdu(*fptr, newptr, 0, status) > 0) { ffclos(newptr, status); return(*status); } } /* move back to the original HDU position */ fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, hdunum, NULL, status); } if (fits_copy_image_section(*fptr, newptr, expr, status) > 0) { ffclos(newptr, status); return(*status); } /* copy any remaining HDUs to the output file, if 'only_one' flag not set */ if (!(((*fptr)->Fptr)->only_one)) { for (ii = hdunum + 1; 1; ii++) { if (fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, ii, NULL, status) > 0) break; fits_copy_hdu(*fptr, newptr, 0, status); } if (*status == END_OF_FILE) *status = 0; /* got the expected EOF error; reset = 0 */ else if (*status > 0) { ffclos(newptr, status); return(*status); } } else { ii = hdunum + 1; /* this value of ii is required below */ } /* close the original file and return ptr to the new image */ ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = newptr; /* reset the pointer to the new table */ /* move back to the image subsection */ if (ii - 1 != hdunum) fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, hdunum, NULL, status); else { /* may have to reset BSCALE and BZERO pixel scaling, */ /* since the keywords were previously turned off */ if (ffrdef(*fptr, status) > 0) { ffclos(*fptr, status); return(*status); } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_copy_image_section( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - pointer to input image */ fitsfile *newptr, /* I - pointer to output image */ char *expr, /* I - Image section expression */ int *status) { /* copies an image section from the input file to a new output HDU */ int bitpix, naxis, numkeys, nkey; long naxes[] = {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1}, smin, smax, sinc; long fpixels[] = {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1}; long lpixels[] = {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1}; long incs[] = {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1}; char *cptr, keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], card[FLEN_CARD]; int ii, tstatus, anynull; long minrow, maxrow, minslice, maxslice, mincube, maxcube; long firstpix; long ncubeiter, nsliceiter, nrowiter, kiter, jiter, iiter; int klen, kk, jj; long outnaxes[9], outsize, buffsize; double *buffer, crpix, cdelt; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* get the size of the input image */ fits_get_img_type(fptr, &bitpix, status); fits_get_img_dim(fptr, &naxis, status); if (fits_get_img_size(fptr, naxis, naxes, status) > 0) return(*status); if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 4) { ffpmsg( "Input image either had NAXIS = 0 (NULL image) or has > 4 dimensions"); return(*status = BAD_NAXIS); } /* create output image with same size and type as the input image */ /* Will update the size later */ fits_create_img(newptr, bitpix, naxis, naxes, status); /* copy all other non-structural keywords from the input to output file */ fits_get_hdrspace(fptr, &numkeys, NULL, status); for (nkey = 4; nkey <= numkeys; nkey++) /* skip the first few keywords */ { fits_read_record(fptr, nkey, card, status); if (fits_get_keyclass(card) > TYP_CMPRS_KEY) { /* write the record to the output file */ fits_write_record(newptr, card, status); } } if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("error copying header from input image to output image"); return(*status); } /* parse the section specifier to get min, max, and inc for each axis */ /* and the size of each output image axis */ cptr = expr; for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) { if (fits_get_section_range(&cptr, &smin, &smax, &sinc, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("error parsing the following image section specifier:"); ffpmsg(expr); return(*status); } if (smax == 0) smax = naxes[ii]; /* use whole axis by default */ else if (smin == 0) smin = naxes[ii]; /* use inverted whole axis */ if (smin > naxes[ii] || smax > naxes[ii]) { ffpmsg("image section exceeds dimensions of input image:"); ffpmsg(expr); return(*status = BAD_NAXIS); } fpixels[ii] = smin; lpixels[ii] = smax; incs[ii] = sinc; if (smin <= smax) outnaxes[ii] = (smax - smin + sinc) / sinc; else outnaxes[ii] = (smin - smax + sinc) / sinc; /* modify the NAXISn keyword */ fits_make_keyn("NAXIS", ii + 1, keyname, status); fits_modify_key_lng(newptr, keyname, outnaxes[ii], NULL, status); /* modify the WCS keywords if necessary */ if (fpixels[ii] != 1 || incs[ii] != 1) { for (kk=-1;kk<26; kk++) /* modify any alternate WCS keywords */ { /* read the CRPIXn keyword if it exists in the input file */ fits_make_keyn("CRPIX", ii + 1, keyname, status); if (kk != -1) { klen = strlen(keyname); keyname[klen]='A' + kk; keyname[klen + 1] = '\0'; } tstatus = 0; if (fits_read_key(fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &crpix, NULL, &tstatus) == 0) { /* calculate the new CRPIXn value */ if (fpixels[ii] <= lpixels[ii]) { crpix = (crpix - (fpixels[ii])) / incs[ii] + 1.0; /* crpix = (crpix - (fpixels[ii] - 1.0) - .5) / incs[ii] + 0.5; */ } else { crpix = (fpixels[ii] - crpix) / incs[ii] + 1.0; /* crpix = (fpixels[ii] - (crpix - 1.0) - .5) / incs[ii] + 0.5; */ } /* modify the value in the output file */ fits_modify_key_dbl(newptr, keyname, crpix, 15, NULL, status); if (incs[ii] != 1 || fpixels[ii] > lpixels[ii]) { /* read the CDELTn keyword if it exists in the input file */ fits_make_keyn("CDELT", ii + 1, keyname, status); if (kk != -1) { klen = strlen(keyname); keyname[klen]='A' + kk; keyname[klen + 1] = '\0'; } tstatus = 0; if (fits_read_key(fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &cdelt, NULL, &tstatus) == 0) { /* calculate the new CDELTn value */ if (fpixels[ii] <= lpixels[ii]) cdelt = cdelt * incs[ii]; else cdelt = cdelt * (-incs[ii]); /* modify the value in the output file */ fits_modify_key_dbl(newptr, keyname, cdelt, 15, NULL, status); } /* modify the CDi_j keywords if they exist in the input file */ fits_make_keyn("CD1_", ii + 1, keyname, status); if (kk != -1) { klen = strlen(keyname); keyname[klen]='A' + kk; keyname[klen + 1] = '\0'; } for (jj=0; jj < 9; jj++) /* look for up to 9 dimensions */ { keyname[2] = '1' + jj; tstatus = 0; if (fits_read_key(fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &cdelt, NULL, &tstatus) == 0) { /* calculate the new CDi_j value */ if (fpixels[ii] <= lpixels[ii]) cdelt = cdelt * incs[ii]; else cdelt = cdelt * (-incs[ii]); /* modify the value in the output file */ fits_modify_key_dbl(newptr, keyname, cdelt, 15, NULL, status); } } } /* end of if (incs[ii]... loop */ } /* end of fits_read_key loop */ } /* end of for (kk loop */ } } /* end of main NAXIS loop */ if (ffrdef(newptr, status) > 0) /* force the header to be scanned */ { return(*status); } /* turn off any scaling of the pixel values */ fits_set_bscale(fptr, 1.0, 0.0, status); fits_set_bscale(newptr, 1.0, 0.0, status); /* to reduce memory foot print, just read/write image 1 row at a time */ outsize = outnaxes[0]; buffsize = (abs(bitpix) / 8) * outsize; buffer = (double *) malloc(buffsize); /* allocate memory for the image row */ if (!buffer) { ffpmsg("fits_copy_image_section: no memory for image section"); return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* read the image section then write it to the output file */ minrow = fpixels[1]; maxrow = lpixels[1]; if (minrow > maxrow) { nrowiter = (minrow - maxrow + incs[1]) / incs[1]; } else { nrowiter = (maxrow - minrow + incs[1]) / incs[1]; } minslice = fpixels[2]; maxslice = lpixels[2]; if (minslice > maxslice) { nsliceiter = (minslice - maxslice + incs[2]) / incs[2]; } else { nsliceiter = (maxslice - minslice + incs[2]) / incs[2]; } mincube = fpixels[3]; maxcube = lpixels[3]; if (mincube > maxcube) { ncubeiter = (mincube - maxcube + incs[3]) / incs[3]; } else { ncubeiter = (maxcube - mincube + incs[3]) / incs[3]; } firstpix = 1; for (kiter = 0; kiter < ncubeiter; kiter++) { if (mincube > maxcube) { fpixels[3] = mincube - (kiter * incs[3]); } else { fpixels[3] = mincube + (kiter * incs[3]); } lpixels[3] = fpixels[3]; for (jiter = 0; jiter < nsliceiter; jiter++) { if (minslice > maxslice) { fpixels[2] = minslice - (jiter * incs[2]); } else { fpixels[2] = minslice + (jiter * incs[2]); } lpixels[2] = fpixels[2]; for (iiter = 0; iiter < nrowiter; iiter++) { if (minrow > maxrow) { fpixels[1] = minrow - (iiter * incs[1]); } else { fpixels[1] = minrow + (iiter * incs[1]); } lpixels[1] = fpixels[1]; if (bitpix == 8) { ffgsvb(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, fpixels, lpixels, incs, 0, (unsigned char *) buffer, &anynull, status); ffpprb(newptr, 1, firstpix, outsize, (unsigned char *) buffer, status); } else if (bitpix == 16) { ffgsvi(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, fpixels, lpixels, incs, 0, (short *) buffer, &anynull, status); ffppri(newptr, 1, firstpix, outsize, (short *) buffer, status); } else if (bitpix == 32) { ffgsvk(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, fpixels, lpixels, incs, 0, (int *) buffer, &anynull, status); ffpprk(newptr, 1, firstpix, outsize, (int *) buffer, status); } else if (bitpix == -32) { ffgsve(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, fpixels, lpixels, incs, FLOATNULLVALUE, (float *) buffer, &anynull, status); ffppne(newptr, 1, firstpix, outsize, (float *) buffer, FLOATNULLVALUE, status); } else if (bitpix == -64) { ffgsvd(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, fpixels, lpixels, incs, DOUBLENULLVALUE, buffer, &anynull, status); ffppnd(newptr, 1, firstpix, outsize, buffer, DOUBLENULLVALUE, status); } else if (bitpix == 64) { ffgsvjj(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, fpixels, lpixels, incs, 0, (LONGLONG *) buffer, &anynull, status); ffpprjj(newptr, 1, firstpix, outsize, (LONGLONG *) buffer, status); } firstpix += outsize; } } } free(buffer); /* finished with the memory */ if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("fits_copy_image_section: error copying image section"); return(*status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_get_section_range(char **ptr, long *secmin, long *secmax, long *incre, int *status) /* Parse the input image section specification string, returning the min, max and increment values. Typical string = "1:512:2" or "1:512" */ { int slen, isanumber; char token[FLEN_VALUE], *tstbuff=0; if (*status > 0) return(*status); slen = fits_get_token2(ptr, " ,:", &tstbuff, &isanumber, status); /* get 1st token */ if (slen==0) { /* support [:2,:2] type syntax, where the leading * is implied */ strcpy(token,"*"); } else { if (strlen(tstbuff) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("Error: image section string too long (fits_get_section_range)"); free(tstbuff); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; return(*status); } strcpy(token, tstbuff); free(tstbuff); tstbuff=0; } if (*token == '*') /* wild card means to use the whole range */ { *secmin = 1; *secmax = 0; } else if (*token == '-' && *(token+1) == '*' ) /* invert the whole range */ { *secmin = 0; *secmax = 1; } else { if (slen == 0 || !isanumber || **ptr != ':') return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* the token contains the min value */ *secmin = atol(token); (*ptr)++; /* skip the colon between the min and max values */ slen = fits_get_token2(ptr, " ,:", &tstbuff, &isanumber, status); /* get token */ if (slen == 0 || !isanumber) { if (tstbuff) free(tstbuff); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } if (strlen(tstbuff) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("Error: image section string too long (fits_get_section_range)"); free(tstbuff); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; return(*status); } strcpy(token, tstbuff); free(tstbuff); tstbuff=0; /* the token contains the max value */ *secmax = atol(token); } if (**ptr == ':') { (*ptr)++; /* skip the colon between the max and incre values */ slen = fits_get_token2(ptr, " ,", &tstbuff, &isanumber, status); /* get token */ if (slen == 0 || !isanumber) { if (tstbuff) free(tstbuff); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } if (strlen(tstbuff) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("Error: image section string too long (fits_get_section_range)"); free(tstbuff); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; return(*status); } strcpy(token, tstbuff); free(tstbuff); tstbuff=0; *incre = atol(token); } else *incre = 1; /* default increment if none is supplied */ if (**ptr == ',') (*ptr)++; while (**ptr == ' ') /* skip any trailing blanks */ (*ptr)++; if (*secmin < 0 || *secmax < 0 || *incre < 1) *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffselect_table( fitsfile **fptr, /* IO - pointer to input table; on output it */ /* points to the new selected rows table */ char *outfile, /* I - name for output file */ char *expr, /* I - Boolean expression */ int *status) { fitsfile *newptr; int ii, hdunum; if (*outfile) { /* create new empty file in to hold the selected rows */ if (ffinit(&newptr, outfile, status) > 0) { ffpmsg( "failed to create file for selected rows from input table"); ffpmsg(outfile); return(*status); } fits_get_hdu_num(*fptr, &hdunum); /* current HDU number in input file */ /* copy all preceding extensions to the output file, if the 'only_one' flag is not set */ if (!((*fptr)->Fptr)->only_one) { for (ii = 1; ii < hdunum; ii++) { fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, ii, NULL, status); if (fits_copy_hdu(*fptr, newptr, 0, status) > 0) { ffclos(newptr, status); return(*status); } } } else { /* just copy the primary array */ fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, 1, NULL, status); if (fits_copy_hdu(*fptr, newptr, 0, status) > 0) { ffclos(newptr, status); return(*status); } } fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, hdunum, NULL, status); /* copy all the header keywords from the input to output file */ if (fits_copy_header(*fptr, newptr, status) > 0) { ffclos(newptr, status); return(*status); } /* set number of rows = 0 */ fits_modify_key_lng(newptr, "NAXIS2", 0, NULL,status); (newptr->Fptr)->numrows = 0; (newptr->Fptr)->origrows = 0; if (ffrdef(newptr, status) > 0) /* force the header to be scanned */ { ffclos(newptr, status); return(*status); } } else newptr = *fptr; /* will delete rows in place in the table */ /* copy rows which satisfy the selection expression to the output table */ /* or delete the nonqualifying rows if *fptr = newptr. */ if (fits_select_rows(*fptr, newptr, expr, status) > 0) { if (*outfile) ffclos(newptr, status); return(*status); } if (*outfile) { /* copy any remaining HDUs to the output copy */ if (!((*fptr)->Fptr)->only_one) { for (ii = hdunum + 1; 1; ii++) { if (fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, ii, NULL, status) > 0) break; fits_copy_hdu(*fptr, newptr, 0, status); } if (*status == END_OF_FILE) *status = 0; /* got the expected EOF error; reset = 0 */ else if (*status > 0) { ffclos(newptr, status); return(*status); } } else { hdunum = 2; } /* close the original file and return ptr to the new image */ ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = newptr; /* reset the pointer to the new table */ /* move back to the selected table HDU */ fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, hdunum, NULL, status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffparsecompspec(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ char *compspec, /* I - image compression specification */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Parse the image compression specification that was give in square brackets following the output FITS file name, as in these examples: myfile.fits[compress] - default Rice compression, row by row myfile.fits[compress TYPE] - the first letter of TYPE defines the compression algorithm: R = Rice G = GZIP H = HCOMPRESS HS = HCOMPRESS (with smoothing) B - BZIP2 P = PLIO myfile.fits[compress TYPE 100,100] - the numbers give the dimensions of the compression tiles. Default is NAXIS1, 1, 1, ... other optional parameters may be specified following a semi-colon myfile.fits[compress; q 8.0] q specifies the floating point mufile.fits[compress TYPE; q -.0002] quantization level; myfile.fits[compress TYPE 100,100; q 10, s 25] s specifies the HCOMPRESS integer scaling parameter The compression parameters are saved in the fptr->Fptr structure for use when writing FITS images. */ { char *ptr1; /* initialize with default values */ int ii, compresstype = RICE_1, smooth = 0; int quantize_method = SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1; long tilesize[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM] = {0,0,0,0,0,0}; float qlevel = -99., scale = 0.; ptr1 = compspec; while (*ptr1 == ' ') /* ignore leading blanks */ ptr1++; if (strncmp(ptr1, "compress", 8) && strncmp(ptr1, "COMPRESS", 8) ) { /* apparently this string does not specify compression parameters */ return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } ptr1 += 8; while (*ptr1 == ' ') /* ignore leading blanks */ ptr1++; /* ========================= */ /* look for compression type */ /* ========================= */ if (*ptr1 == 'r' || *ptr1 == 'R') { compresstype = RICE_1; while (*ptr1 != ' ' && *ptr1 != ';' && *ptr1 != '\0') ptr1++; } else if (*ptr1 == 'g' || *ptr1 == 'G') { compresstype = GZIP_1; while (*ptr1 != ' ' && *ptr1 != ';' && *ptr1 != '\0') ptr1++; } /* else if (*ptr1 == 'b' || *ptr1 == 'B') { compresstype = BZIP2_1; while (*ptr1 != ' ' && *ptr1 != ';' && *ptr1 != '\0') ptr1++; } */ else if (*ptr1 == 'p' || *ptr1 == 'P') { compresstype = PLIO_1; while (*ptr1 != ' ' && *ptr1 != ';' && *ptr1 != '\0') ptr1++; } else if (*ptr1 == 'h' || *ptr1 == 'H') { compresstype = HCOMPRESS_1; ptr1++; if (*ptr1 == 's' || *ptr1 == 'S') smooth = 1; /* apply smoothing when uncompressing HCOMPRESSed image */ while (*ptr1 != ' ' && *ptr1 != ';' && *ptr1 != '\0') ptr1++; } /* ======================== */ /* look for tile dimensions */ /* ======================== */ while (*ptr1 == ' ') /* ignore leading blanks */ ptr1++; ii = 0; while (isdigit( (int) *ptr1) && ii < 9) { tilesize[ii] = atol(ptr1); /* read the integer value */ ii++; while (isdigit((int) *ptr1)) /* skip over the integer */ ptr1++; if (*ptr1 == ',') ptr1++; /* skip over the comma */ while (*ptr1 == ' ') /* ignore leading blanks */ ptr1++; } /* ========================================================= */ /* look for semi-colon, followed by other optional parameters */ /* ========================================================= */ if (*ptr1 == ';') { ptr1++; while (*ptr1 == ' ') /* ignore leading blanks */ ptr1++; while (*ptr1 != 0) { /* haven't reached end of string yet */ if (*ptr1 == 's' || *ptr1 == 'S') { /* this should be the HCOMPRESS "scale" parameter; default = 1 */ ptr1++; while (*ptr1 == ' ') /* ignore leading blanks */ ptr1++; scale = (float) strtod(ptr1, &ptr1); while (*ptr1 == ' ' || *ptr1 == ',') /* skip over blanks or comma */ ptr1++; } else if (*ptr1 == 'q' || *ptr1 == 'Q') { /* this should be the floating point quantization parameter */ ptr1++; if (*ptr1 == 'z' || *ptr1 == 'Z') { /* use the subtractive_dither_2 option */ quantize_method = SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2; ptr1++; } else if (*ptr1 == '0') { /* do not dither */ quantize_method = NO_DITHER; ptr1++; } while (*ptr1 == ' ') /* ignore leading blanks */ ptr1++; qlevel = (float) strtod(ptr1, &ptr1); while (*ptr1 == ' ' || *ptr1 == ',') /* skip over blanks or comma */ ptr1++; } else { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } } } /* ================================= */ /* finished parsing; save the values */ /* ================================= */ fits_set_compression_type(fptr, compresstype, status); fits_set_tile_dim(fptr, MAX_COMPRESS_DIM, tilesize, status); if (compresstype == HCOMPRESS_1) { fits_set_hcomp_scale (fptr, scale, status); fits_set_hcomp_smooth(fptr, smooth, status); } if (qlevel != -99.) { fits_set_quantize_level(fptr, qlevel, status); fits_set_quantize_method(fptr, quantize_method, status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffdkinit(fitsfile **fptr, /* O - FITS file pointer */ const char *name, /* I - name of file to create */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Create and initialize a new FITS file on disk. This routine differs from ffinit in that the input 'name' is literally taken as the name of the disk file to be created, and it does not support CFITSIO's extended filename syntax. */ { *fptr = 0; /* initialize null file pointer, */ /* regardless of the value of *status */ if (*status > 0) return(*status); *status = CREATE_DISK_FILE; ffinit(fptr, name,status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffinit(fitsfile **fptr, /* O - FITS file pointer */ const char *name, /* I - name of file to create */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Create and initialize a new FITS file. */ { int ii, driver, slen, clobber = 0; char *url; char urltype[MAX_PREFIX_LEN], outfile[FLEN_FILENAME]; char tmplfile[FLEN_FILENAME], compspec[80]; int handle, create_disk_file = 0; *fptr = 0; /* initialize null file pointer, */ /* regardless of the value of *status */ if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (*status == CREATE_DISK_FILE) { create_disk_file = 1; *status = 0; } if (need_to_initialize) { /* this is called only once */ *status = fits_init_cfitsio(); } if (*status > 0) return(*status); url = (char *) name; while (*url == ' ') /* ignore leading spaces in the filename */ url++; if (*url == '\0') { ffpmsg("Name of file to create is blank. (ffinit)"); return(*status = FILE_NOT_CREATED); } if (create_disk_file) { if (strlen(url) > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { ffpmsg("Filename is too long. (ffinit)"); return(*status = FILE_NOT_CREATED); } strcpy(outfile, url); strcpy(urltype, "file://"); tmplfile[0] = '\0'; compspec[0] = '\0'; } else { /* check for clobber symbol, i.e, overwrite existing file */ if (*url == '!') { clobber = TRUE; url++; } else clobber = FALSE; /* parse the output file specification */ /* this routine checks that the strings will not overflow */ ffourl(url, urltype, outfile, tmplfile, compspec, status); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("could not parse the output filename: (ffinit)"); ffpmsg(url); return(*status); } } /* find which driver corresponds to the urltype */ *status = urltype2driver(urltype, &driver); if (*status) { ffpmsg("could not find driver for this file: (ffinit)"); ffpmsg(url); return(*status); } /* delete pre-existing file, if asked to do so */ if (clobber) { if (driverTable[driver].remove) (*driverTable[driver].remove)(outfile); } /* call appropriate driver to create the file */ if (driverTable[driver].create) { FFLOCK; /* lock this while searching for vacant handle */ *status = (*driverTable[driver].create)(outfile, &handle); FFUNLOCK; if (*status) { ffpmsg("failed to create new file (already exists?):"); ffpmsg(url); return(*status); } } else { ffpmsg("cannot create a new file of this type: (ffinit)"); ffpmsg(url); return(*status = FILE_NOT_CREATED); } /* allocate fitsfile structure and initialize = 0 */ *fptr = (fitsfile *) calloc(1, sizeof(fitsfile)); if (!(*fptr)) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate structure for following file: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(url); return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* allocate FITSfile structure and initialize = 0 */ (*fptr)->Fptr = (FITSfile *) calloc(1, sizeof(FITSfile)); if (!((*fptr)->Fptr)) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate structure for following file: (ffopen)"); ffpmsg(url); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } slen = strlen(url) + 1; slen = maxvalue(slen, 32); /* reserve at least 32 chars */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename = (char *) malloc(slen); /* mem for file name */ if ( !(((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename) ) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for filename: (ffinit)"); ffpmsg(url); free((*fptr)->Fptr); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status = FILE_NOT_CREATED); } /* mem for headstart array */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->headstart = (LONGLONG *) calloc(1001, sizeof(LONGLONG)); if ( !(((*fptr)->Fptr)->headstart) ) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for headstart array: (ffinit)"); ffpmsg(url); free( ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename); free((*fptr)->Fptr); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* mem for file I/O buffers */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->iobuffer = (char *) calloc(NIOBUF, IOBUFLEN); if ( !(((*fptr)->Fptr)->iobuffer) ) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for iobuffer array: (ffinit)"); ffpmsg(url); free( ((*fptr)->Fptr)->headstart); /* free memory for headstart array */ free( ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename); free((*fptr)->Fptr); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* initialize the ageindex array (relative age of the I/O buffers) */ /* and initialize the bufrecnum array as being empty */ for (ii = 0; ii < NIOBUF; ii++) { ((*fptr)->Fptr)->ageindex[ii] = ii; ((*fptr)->Fptr)->bufrecnum[ii] = -1; } /* store the parameters describing the file */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->MAXHDU = 1000; /* initial size of headstart */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filehandle = handle; /* store the file pointer */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->driver = driver; /* driver number */ strcpy(((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename, url); /* full input filename */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filesize = 0; /* physical file size */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->logfilesize = 0; /* logical file size */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->writemode = 1; /* read-write mode */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->datastart = DATA_UNDEFINED; /* unknown start of data */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->curbuf = -1; /* undefined current IO buffer */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->open_count = 1; /* structure is currently used once */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->validcode = VALIDSTRUC; /* flag denoting valid structure */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->noextsyntax = create_disk_file; /* true if extended syntax is disabled */ ffldrc(*fptr, 0, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* initialize first record */ fits_store_Fptr( (*fptr)->Fptr, status); /* store Fptr address */ /* if template file was given, use it to define structure of new file */ if (tmplfile[0]) ffoptplt(*fptr, tmplfile, status); /* parse and save image compression specification, if given */ if (compspec[0]) ffparsecompspec(*fptr, compspec, status); return(*status); /* successful return */ } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* ffimem == fits_create_memfile */ int ffimem(fitsfile **fptr, /* O - FITS file pointer */ void **buffptr, /* I - address of memory pointer */ size_t *buffsize, /* I - size of buffer, in bytes */ size_t deltasize, /* I - increment for future realloc's */ void *(*mem_realloc)(void *p, size_t newsize), /* function */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Create and initialize a new FITS file in memory */ { int ii, driver, slen; char urltype[MAX_PREFIX_LEN]; int handle; if (*status > 0) return(*status); *fptr = 0; /* initialize null file pointer */ if (need_to_initialize) { /* this is called only once */ *status = fits_init_cfitsio(); } if (*status > 0) return(*status); strcpy(urltype, "memkeep://"); /* URL type for pre-existing memory file */ *status = urltype2driver(urltype, &driver); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("could not find driver for pre-existing memory file: (ffimem)"); return(*status); } /* call driver routine to "open" the memory file */ FFLOCK; /* lock this while searching for vacant handle */ *status = mem_openmem( buffptr, buffsize, deltasize, mem_realloc, &handle); FFUNLOCK; if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to open pre-existing memory file: (ffimem)"); return(*status); } /* allocate fitsfile structure and initialize = 0 */ *fptr = (fitsfile *) calloc(1, sizeof(fitsfile)); if (!(*fptr)) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate structure for memory file: (ffimem)"); return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* allocate FITSfile structure and initialize = 0 */ (*fptr)->Fptr = (FITSfile *) calloc(1, sizeof(FITSfile)); if (!((*fptr)->Fptr)) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate structure for memory file: (ffimem)"); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } slen = 32; /* reserve at least 32 chars */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename = (char *) malloc(slen); /* mem for file name */ if ( !(((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename) ) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for filename: (ffimem)"); free((*fptr)->Fptr); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* mem for headstart array */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->headstart = (LONGLONG *) calloc(1001, sizeof(LONGLONG)); if ( !(((*fptr)->Fptr)->headstart) ) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for headstart array: (ffimem)"); free( ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename); free((*fptr)->Fptr); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* mem for file I/O buffers */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->iobuffer = (char *) calloc(NIOBUF, IOBUFLEN); if ( !(((*fptr)->Fptr)->iobuffer) ) { (*driverTable[driver].close)(handle); /* close the file */ ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for iobuffer array: (ffimem)"); free( ((*fptr)->Fptr)->headstart); /* free memory for headstart array */ free( ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename); free((*fptr)->Fptr); free(*fptr); *fptr = 0; /* return null file pointer */ return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* initialize the ageindex array (relative age of the I/O buffers) */ /* and initialize the bufrecnum array as being empty */ for (ii = 0; ii < NIOBUF; ii++) { ((*fptr)->Fptr)->ageindex[ii] = ii; ((*fptr)->Fptr)->bufrecnum[ii] = -1; } /* store the parameters describing the file */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->MAXHDU = 1000; /* initial size of headstart */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filehandle = handle; /* file handle */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->driver = driver; /* driver number */ strcpy(((*fptr)->Fptr)->filename, "memfile"); /* dummy filename */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->filesize = *buffsize; /* physical file size */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->logfilesize = *buffsize; /* logical file size */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->writemode = 1; /* read-write mode */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->datastart = DATA_UNDEFINED; /* unknown start of data */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->curbuf = -1; /* undefined current IO buffer */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->open_count = 1; /* structure is currently used once */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->validcode = VALIDSTRUC; /* flag denoting valid structure */ ((*fptr)->Fptr)->noextsyntax = 0; /* extended syntax can be used in filename */ ffldrc(*fptr, 0, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* initialize first record */ fits_store_Fptr( (*fptr)->Fptr, status); /* store Fptr address */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_init_cfitsio(void) /* initialize anything that is required before using the CFITSIO routines */ { int status; union u_tag { short ival; char cval[2]; } u; fitsio_init_lock(); FFLOCK; /* lockout other threads while executing this critical */ /* section of code */ if (need_to_initialize == 0) { /* already initialized? */ FFUNLOCK; return(0); } /* test for correct byteswapping. */ u.ival = 1; if ((BYTESWAPPED && u.cval[0] != 1) || (BYTESWAPPED == FALSE && u.cval[1] != 1) ) { printf ("\n!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!\n"); printf(" Byteswapping is not being done correctly on this system.\n"); printf(" Check the MACHINE and BYTESWAPPED definitions in fitsio2.h\n"); printf(" Please report this problem to the CFITSIO developers.\n"); printf( "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!\n"); FFUNLOCK; return(1); } /* test that LONGLONG is an 8 byte integer */ if (sizeof(LONGLONG) != 8) { printf ("\n!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!\n"); printf(" CFITSIO did not find an 8-byte long integer data type.\n"); printf(" sizeof(LONGLONG) = %d\n",(int)sizeof(LONGLONG)); printf(" Please report this problem to the CFITSIO developers.\n"); printf( "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!\n"); FFUNLOCK; return(1); } /* register the standard I/O drivers that are always available */ /* 1--------------------disk file driver-----------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("file://", file_init, file_shutdown, file_setoptions, file_getoptions, file_getversion, file_checkfile, file_open, file_create, #ifdef HAVE_FTRUNCATE file_truncate, #else NULL, /* no file truncate function */ #endif file_close, file_remove, file_size, file_flush, file_seek, file_read, file_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the file:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 2------------ output temporary memory file driver ----------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("mem://", mem_init, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ NULL, /* open function not allowed */ mem_create, mem_truncate, mem_close_free, NULL, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the mem:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 3--------------input pre-existing memory file driver----------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("memkeep://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ NULL, /* file open driver function is not used */ NULL, /* create function not allowed */ mem_truncate, mem_close_keep, NULL, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the memkeep:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 4-------------------stdin stream driver----------------------*/ /* the stdin stream is copied to memory then opened in memory */ status = fits_register_driver("stdin://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, stdin_checkfile, stdin_open, NULL, /* create function not allowed */ mem_truncate, mem_close_free, NULL, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the stdin:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 5-------------------stdin file stream driver----------------------*/ /* the stdin stream is copied to a disk file then the disk file is opened */ status = fits_register_driver("stdinfile://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ stdin_open, NULL, /* create function not allowed */ #ifdef HAVE_FTRUNCATE file_truncate, #else NULL, /* no file truncate function */ #endif file_close, file_remove, file_size, file_flush, file_seek, file_read, file_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the stdinfile:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 6-----------------------stdout stream driver------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("stdout://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ NULL, /* open function not required */ mem_create, mem_truncate, stdout_close, NULL, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the stdout:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 7------------------iraf disk file to memory driver -----------*/ status = fits_register_driver("irafmem://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ mem_iraf_open, NULL, /* create function not required */ mem_truncate, mem_close_free, NULL, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the irafmem:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 8------------------raw binary file to memory driver -----------*/ status = fits_register_driver("rawfile://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ mem_rawfile_open, NULL, /* create function not required */ mem_truncate, mem_close_free, NULL, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the rawfile:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 9------------------compressed disk file to memory driver -----------*/ status = fits_register_driver("compress://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ mem_compress_open, NULL, /* create function not required */ mem_truncate, mem_close_free, NULL, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the compress:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 10------------------compressed disk file to memory driver -----------*/ /* Identical to compress://, except it allows READWRITE access */ status = fits_register_driver("compressmem://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ mem_compress_openrw, NULL, /* create function not required */ mem_truncate, mem_close_free, NULL, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the compressmem:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 11------------------compressed disk file to disk file driver -------*/ status = fits_register_driver("compressfile://", NULL, file_shutdown, file_setoptions, file_getoptions, file_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ file_compress_open, file_create, #ifdef HAVE_FTRUNCATE file_truncate, #else NULL, /* no file truncate function */ #endif file_close, file_remove, file_size, file_flush, file_seek, file_read, file_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the compressfile:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 12---create file in memory, then compress it to disk file on close--*/ status = fits_register_driver("compressoutfile://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ NULL, /* open function not allowed */ mem_create_comp, mem_truncate, mem_close_comp, file_remove, /* delete existing compressed disk file */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg( "failed to register the compressoutfile:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* Register Optional drivers */ #ifdef HAVE_NET_SERVICES /* 13--------------------root driver-----------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("root://", root_init, root_shutdown, root_setoptions, root_getoptions, root_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ root_open, root_create, NULL, /* No truncate possible */ root_close, NULL, /* No remove possible */ root_size, /* no size possible */ root_flush, root_seek, /* Though will always succeed */ root_read, root_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the root:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 14--------------------http driver-----------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("http://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, http_checkfile, http_open, NULL, /* create function not required */ mem_truncate, mem_close_free, NULL, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the http:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 15--------------------http file driver-----------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("httpfile://", NULL, file_shutdown, file_setoptions, file_getoptions, file_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ http_file_open, file_create, #ifdef HAVE_FTRUNCATE file_truncate, #else NULL, /* no file truncate function */ #endif file_close, file_remove, file_size, file_flush, file_seek, file_read, file_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the httpfile:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 16--------------------http memory driver-----------------------*/ /* same as http:// driver, except memory file can be opened READWRITE */ status = fits_register_driver("httpmem://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, http_checkfile, http_file_open, /* this will simply call http_open */ NULL, /* create function not required */ mem_truncate, mem_close_free, NULL, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the httpmem:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 17--------------------httpcompress file driver-----------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("httpcompress://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ http_compress_open, NULL, /* create function not required */ mem_truncate, mem_close_free, NULL, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the httpcompress:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 18--------------------ftp driver-----------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("ftp://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, ftp_checkfile, ftp_open, NULL, /* create function not required */ mem_truncate, mem_close_free, NULL, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the ftp:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 19--------------------ftp file driver-----------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("ftpfile://", NULL, file_shutdown, file_setoptions, file_getoptions, file_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ ftp_file_open, file_create, #ifdef HAVE_FTRUNCATE file_truncate, #else NULL, /* no file truncate function */ #endif file_close, file_remove, file_size, file_flush, file_seek, file_read, file_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the ftpfile:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 20--------------------ftp mem driver-----------------------*/ /* same as ftp:// driver, except memory file can be opened READWRITE */ status = fits_register_driver("ftpmem://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, ftp_checkfile, ftp_file_open, /* this will simply call ftp_open */ NULL, /* create function not required */ mem_truncate, mem_close_free, NULL, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the ftpmem:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 21--------------------ftp compressed file driver------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("ftpcompress://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ ftp_compress_open, 0, /* create function not required */ mem_truncate, mem_close_free, 0, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, 0, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the ftpcompress:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* === End of net drivers section === */ #endif /* ==================== SHARED MEMORY DRIVER SECTION ======================= */ #ifdef HAVE_SHMEM_SERVICES /* 22--------------------shared memory driver-----------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("shmem://", smem_init, smem_shutdown, smem_setoptions, smem_getoptions, smem_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ smem_open, smem_create, NULL, /* truncate file not supported yet */ smem_close, smem_remove, smem_size, smem_flush, smem_seek, smem_read, smem_write ); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the shmem:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } #endif /* ==================== END OF SHARED MEMORY DRIVER SECTION ================ */ #ifdef HAVE_GSIFTP /* 23--------------------gsiftp driver-----------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("gsiftp://", gsiftp_init, gsiftp_shutdown, gsiftp_setoptions, gsiftp_getoptions, gsiftp_getversion, gsiftp_checkfile, gsiftp_open, gsiftp_create, #ifdef HAVE_FTRUNCATE gsiftp_truncate, #else NULL, #endif gsiftp_close, NULL, /* remove function not yet implemented */ gsiftp_size, gsiftp_flush, gsiftp_seek, gsiftp_read, gsiftp_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the gsiftp:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } #endif /* 24---------------stdin and stdout stream driver-------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("stream://", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, stream_open, stream_create, NULL, /* no stream truncate function */ stream_close, NULL, /* no stream remove */ stream_size, stream_flush, stream_seek, stream_read, stream_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the stream:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } #ifdef HAVE_NET_SERVICES /* 25--------------------https driver-----------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("https://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, https_checkfile, https_open, NULL, /* create function not required */ mem_truncate, mem_close_free, NULL, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the https:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 26--------------------https file driver-----------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("httpsfile://", NULL, file_shutdown, file_setoptions, file_getoptions, file_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ https_file_open, file_create, #ifdef HAVE_FTRUNCATE file_truncate, #else NULL, /* no file truncate function */ #endif file_close, file_remove, file_size, file_flush, file_seek, file_read, file_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the httpsfile:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 27--------------------https memory driver-----------------------*/ /* same as https:// driver, except memory file can be opened READWRITE */ status = fits_register_driver("httpsmem://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, https_checkfile, https_file_open, /* this will simply call https_open */ NULL, /* create function not required */ mem_truncate, mem_close_free, NULL, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, NULL, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the httpsmem:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* === End of https net drivers section === */ /* 28--------------------ftps driver-----------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("ftps://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, ftps_checkfile, ftps_open, NULL, mem_truncate, mem_close_free, NULL, mem_size, NULL, mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the ftps:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 29--------------------ftps file driver-----------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("ftpsfile://", NULL, file_shutdown, file_setoptions, file_getoptions, file_getversion, NULL, ftps_file_open, file_create, #ifdef HAVE_FTRUNCATE file_truncate, #else NULL, #endif file_close, file_remove, file_size, file_flush, file_seek, file_read, file_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the ftpsfile:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 30--------------------ftps memory driver-----------------------*/ /* same as ftps:// driver, except memory file can be opened READWRITE */ status = fits_register_driver("ftpsmem://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, ftps_checkfile, ftps_file_open, NULL, mem_truncate, mem_close_free, NULL, mem_size, NULL, mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the ftpsmem:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /* 31--------------------ftps compressed file driver------------------*/ status = fits_register_driver("ftpscompress://", NULL, mem_shutdown, mem_setoptions, mem_getoptions, mem_getversion, NULL, /* checkfile not needed */ ftps_compress_open, 0, /* create function not required */ mem_truncate, mem_close_free, 0, /* remove function not required */ mem_size, 0, /* flush function not required */ mem_seek, mem_read, mem_write); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to register the ftpscompress:// driver (init_cfitsio)"); FFUNLOCK; return(status); } #endif /* reset flag. Any other threads will now not need to call this routine */ need_to_initialize = 0; FFUNLOCK; return(status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_register_driver(char *prefix, int (*init)(void), int (*shutdown)(void), int (*setoptions)(int option), int (*getoptions)(int *options), int (*getversion)(int *version), int (*checkfile) (char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile), int (*open)(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle), int (*create)(char *filename, int *driverhandle), int (*truncate)(int driverhandle, LONGLONG filesize), int (*close)(int driverhandle), int (*fremove)(char *filename), int (*size)(int driverhandle, LONGLONG *sizex), int (*flush)(int driverhandle), int (*seek)(int driverhandle, LONGLONG offset), int (*read) (int driverhandle, void *buffer, long nbytes), int (*write)(int driverhandle, void *buffer, long nbytes) ) /* register all the functions needed to support an I/O driver */ { int status; if (no_of_drivers < 0 ) { /* This is bad. looks like memory has been corrupted. */ ffpmsg("Vital CFITSIO parameters held in memory have been corrupted!!"); ffpmsg("Fatal condition detected in fits_register_driver."); return(TOO_MANY_DRIVERS); } if (no_of_drivers + 1 > MAX_DRIVERS) return(TOO_MANY_DRIVERS); if (prefix == NULL) return(BAD_URL_PREFIX); if (init != NULL) { status = (*init)(); /* initialize the driver */ if (status) return(status); } /* fill in data in table */ strncpy(driverTable[no_of_drivers].prefix, prefix, MAX_PREFIX_LEN); driverTable[no_of_drivers].prefix[MAX_PREFIX_LEN - 1] = 0; driverTable[no_of_drivers].init = init; driverTable[no_of_drivers].shutdown = shutdown; driverTable[no_of_drivers].setoptions = setoptions; driverTable[no_of_drivers].getoptions = getoptions; driverTable[no_of_drivers].getversion = getversion; driverTable[no_of_drivers].checkfile = checkfile; driverTable[no_of_drivers].open = open; driverTable[no_of_drivers].create = create; driverTable[no_of_drivers].truncate = truncate; driverTable[no_of_drivers].close = close; driverTable[no_of_drivers].remove = fremove; driverTable[no_of_drivers].size = size; driverTable[no_of_drivers].flush = flush; driverTable[no_of_drivers].seek = seek; driverTable[no_of_drivers].read = read; driverTable[no_of_drivers].write = write; no_of_drivers++; /* increment the number of drivers */ return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* fits_parse_input_url */ int ffiurl(char *url, /* input filename */ char *urltype, /* e.g., 'file://', 'http://', 'mem://' */ char *infilex, /* root filename (may be complete path) */ char *outfile, /* optional output file name */ char *extspec, /* extension spec: +n or [extname, extver] */ char *rowfilterx, /* boolean row filter expression */ char *binspec, /* histogram binning specifier */ char *colspec, /* column or keyword modifier expression */ int *status) /* parse the input URL into its basic components. This routine does not support the pixfilter or compspec components. */ { return ffifile2(url, urltype, infilex, outfile, extspec, rowfilterx, binspec, colspec, 0, 0, status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* fits_parse_input_file */ int ffifile(char *url, /* input filename */ char *urltype, /* e.g., 'file://', 'http://', 'mem://' */ char *infilex, /* root filename (may be complete path) */ char *outfile, /* optional output file name */ char *extspec, /* extension spec: +n or [extname, extver] */ char *rowfilterx, /* boolean row filter expression */ char *binspec, /* histogram binning specifier */ char *colspec, /* column or keyword modifier expression */ char *pixfilter, /* pixel filter expression */ int *status) /* fits_parse_input_filename parse the input URL into its basic components. This routine does not support the compspec component. */ { return ffifile2(url, urltype, infilex, outfile, extspec, rowfilterx, binspec, colspec, pixfilter, 0, status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffifile2(char *url, /* input filename */ char *urltype, /* e.g., 'file://', 'http://', 'mem://' */ char *infilex, /* root filename (may be complete path) */ char *outfile, /* optional output file name */ char *extspec, /* extension spec: +n or [extname, extver] */ char *rowfilterx, /* boolean row filter expression */ char *binspec, /* histogram binning specifier */ char *colspec, /* column or keyword modifier expression */ char *pixfilter, /* pixel filter expression */ char *compspec, /* image compression specification */ int *status) /* fits_parse_input_filename parse the input URL into its basic components. This routine is big and ugly and should be redesigned someday! */ { int ii, jj, slen, infilelen, plus_ext = 0, collen; char *ptr1, *ptr2, *ptr3, *ptr4, *tmptr; int hasAt, hasDot, hasOper, followingOper, spaceTerm, rowFilter; int colStart, binStart, pixStart, compStart; /* must have temporary variable for these, in case inputs are NULL */ char *infile; char *rowfilter; char *tmpstr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* Initialize null strings */ if (infilex) *infilex = '\0'; if (urltype) *urltype = '\0'; if (outfile) *outfile = '\0'; if (extspec) *extspec = '\0'; if (binspec) *binspec = '\0'; if (colspec) *colspec = '\0'; if (rowfilterx) *rowfilterx = '\0'; if (pixfilter) *pixfilter = '\0'; if (compspec) *compspec = '\0'; slen = strlen(url); if (slen == 0) /* blank filename ?? */ return(*status); /* allocate memory for 3 strings, each as long as the input url */ infile = (char *) calloc(3, slen + 1); if (!infile) return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); rowfilter = &infile[slen + 1]; tmpstr = &rowfilter[slen + 1]; ptr1 = url; /* -------------------------------------------------------- */ /* get urltype (e.g., file://, ftp://, http://, etc.) */ /* --------------------------------------------------------- */ if (*ptr1 == '-' && ( *(ptr1 +1) == 0 || *(ptr1 +1) == ' ' || *(ptr1 +1) == '[' || *(ptr1 +1) == '(' ) ) { /* "-" means read file from stdin. Also support "- ", */ /* "-[extname]" and '-(outfile.fits)" but exclude disk file */ /* names that begin with a minus sign, e.g., "-55d33m.fits" */ if (urltype) strcat(urltype, "stdin://"); ptr1++; } else if (!fits_strncasecmp(ptr1, "stdin", 5)) { if (urltype) strcat(urltype, "stdin://"); ptr1 = ptr1 + 5; } else { ptr2 = strstr(ptr1, "://"); ptr3 = strstr(ptr1, "(" ); if (ptr3 && (ptr3 < ptr2) ) { /* the urltype follows a '(' character, so it must apply */ /* to the output file, and is not the urltype of the input file */ ptr2 = 0; /* so reset pointer to zero */ } if (ptr2) /* copy the explicit urltype string */ { if (ptr2-ptr1+3 >= MAX_PREFIX_LEN) { ffpmsg("Name of urltype is too long."); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } if (urltype) strncat(urltype, ptr1, ptr2 - ptr1 + 3); ptr1 = ptr2 + 3; } else if (!strncmp(ptr1, "ftp:", 4) ) { /* the 2 //'s are optional */ if (urltype) strcat(urltype, "ftp://"); ptr1 += 4; } else if (!strncmp(ptr1, "gsiftp:", 7) ) { /* the 2 //'s are optional */ if (urltype) strcat(urltype, "gsiftp://"); ptr1 += 7; } else if (!strncmp(ptr1, "http:", 5) ) { /* the 2 //'s are optional */ if (urltype) strcat(urltype, "http://"); ptr1 += 5; } else if (!strncmp(ptr1, "mem:", 4) ) { /* the 2 //'s are optional */ if (urltype) strcat(urltype, "mem://"); ptr1 += 4; } else if (!strncmp(ptr1, "shmem:", 6) ) { /* the 2 //'s are optional */ if (urltype) strcat(urltype, "shmem://"); ptr1 += 6; } else if (!strncmp(ptr1, "file:", 5) ) { /* the 2 //'s are optional */ if (urltype) strcat(urltype, "file://"); ptr1 += 5; } else /* assume file driver */ { if (urltype) strcat(urltype, "file://"); } } /* ---------------------------------------------------------- If this is a http:// type file, then the cgi file name could include the '[' character, which should not be interpreted as part of CFITSIO's Extended File Name Syntax. Test for this case by seeing if the last character is a ']' or ')'. If it is not, then just treat the whole input string as the file name and do not attempt to interprete the name using the extended filename syntax. ----------------------------------------------------------- */ if (urltype && !strncmp(urltype, "http://", 7) ) { /* test for opening parenthesis or bracket in the file name */ if( strchr(ptr1, '(' ) || strchr(ptr1, '[' ) ) { slen = strlen(ptr1); ptr3 = ptr1 + slen - 1; while (*ptr3 == ' ') /* ignore trailing blanks */ ptr3--; if (*ptr3 != ']' && *ptr3 != ')' ) { /* name doesn't end with a ']' or ')' so don't try */ /* to parse this unusual string (may be cgi string) */ if (infilex) { if (strlen(ptr1) > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { ffpmsg("Name of file is too long."); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strcpy(infilex, ptr1); } free(infile); return(*status); } } } /* ---------------------------------------------------------- Look for VMS style filenames like: disk:[directory.subdirectory]filename.ext, or [directory.subdirectory]filename.ext Check if the first character is a '[' and urltype != stdin or if there is a ':[' string in the remaining url string. If so, then need to move past this bracket character before search for the opening bracket of a filter specification. ----------------------------------------------------------- */ tmptr = ptr1; if (*ptr1 == '[') { if (*url != '-') tmptr = ptr1 + 1; /* this bracket encloses a VMS directory name */ } else { tmptr = strstr(ptr1, ":["); if (tmptr) /* these 2 chars are part of the VMS disk and directory */ tmptr += 2; else tmptr = ptr1; } /* ------------------------ */ /* get the input file name */ /* ------------------------ */ ptr2 = strchr(tmptr, '('); /* search for opening parenthesis ( */ ptr3 = strchr(tmptr, '['); /* search for opening bracket [ */ if (ptr2) { ptr4 = strchr(ptr2, ')'); /* search for closing parenthesis ) */ while (ptr4 && ptr2) { do { ++ptr4; } while (*ptr4 == ' '); /* find next non-blank char after ')' */ if (*ptr4 == 0 || *ptr4 == '[') break; ptr2 = strchr(ptr2+1, '('); ptr4 = strchr(ptr4, ')'); } } if (ptr2 == ptr3) /* simple case: no [ or ( in the file name */ { strcat(infile, ptr1); } else if (!ptr3 || /* no bracket, so () enclose output file name */ (ptr2 && (ptr2 < ptr3)) ) /* () enclose output name before bracket */ { strncat(infile, ptr1, ptr2 - ptr1); ptr2++; ptr1 = strchr(ptr2, ')' ); /* search for closing ) */ if (!ptr1) { free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* error, no closing ) */ } if (outfile) { if (ptr1 - ptr2 > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncat(outfile, ptr2, ptr1 - ptr2); } /* the opening [ could have been part of output name, */ /* e.g., file(out[compress])[3][#row > 5] */ /* so search again for opening bracket following the closing ) */ ptr3 = strchr(ptr1, '['); } else /* bracket comes first, so there is no output name */ { strncat(infile, ptr1, ptr3 - ptr1); } /* strip off any trailing blanks in the names */ slen = strlen(infile); while ( (--slen) > 0 && infile[slen] == ' ') infile[slen] = '\0'; if (outfile) { slen = strlen(outfile); while ( (--slen) > 0 && outfile[slen] == ' ') outfile[slen] = '\0'; } /* --------------------------------------------- */ /* check if this is an IRAF file (.imh extension */ /* --------------------------------------------- */ ptr4 = strstr(infile, ".imh"); /* did the infile name end with ".imh" ? */ if (ptr4 && (*(ptr4 + 4) == '\0')) { if (urltype) strcpy(urltype, "irafmem://"); } /* --------------------------------------------- */ /* check if the 'filename+n' convention has been */ /* used to specifiy which HDU number to open */ /* --------------------------------------------- */ jj = strlen(infile); for (ii = jj - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (infile[ii] == '+') /* search backwards for '+' sign */ break; } if (ii > 0 && (jj - ii) < 7) /* limit extension numbers to 5 digits */ { infilelen = ii; ii++; ptr1 = infile+ii; /* pointer to start of sequence */ for (; ii < jj; ii++) { if (!isdigit((int) infile[ii] ) ) /* are all the chars digits? */ break; } if (ii == jj) { /* yes, the '+n' convention was used. Copy */ /* the digits to the output extspec string. */ plus_ext = 1; if (extspec) { if (jj - infilelen > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncpy(extspec, ptr1, jj - infilelen); } infile[infilelen] = '\0'; /* delete the extension number */ } } /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* if '*' was given for the output name expand it to the root file name */ /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */ if (outfile && outfile[0] == '*') { /* scan input name backwards to the first '/' character */ for (ii = jj - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (infile[ii] == '/' || ii == 0) { if (strlen(&infile[ii + 1]) > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strcpy(outfile, &infile[ii + 1]); break; } } } /* ------------------------------------------ */ /* copy strings from local copy to the output */ /* ------------------------------------------ */ if (infilex) { if (strlen(infile) > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strcpy(infilex, infile); } /* ---------------------------------------------------------- */ /* if no '[' character in the input string, then we are done. */ /* ---------------------------------------------------------- */ if (!ptr3) { free(infile); return(*status); } /* ------------------------------------------- */ /* see if [ extension specification ] is given */ /* ------------------------------------------- */ if (!plus_ext) /* extension no. not already specified? Then */ /* first brackets must enclose extension name or # */ /* or it encloses a image subsection specification */ /* or a raw binary image specifier */ /* or a image compression specifier */ /* Or, the extension specification may have been */ /* omitted and we have to guess what the user intended */ { ptr1 = ptr3 + 1; /* pointer to first char after the [ */ ptr2 = strchr(ptr1, ']' ); /* search for closing ] */ if (!ptr2) { ffpmsg("input file URL is missing closing bracket ']'"); free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* error, no closing ] */ } /* ---------------------------------------------- */ /* First, test if this is a rawfile specifier */ /* which looks something like: '[ib512,512:2880]' */ /* Test if first character is b,i,j,d,r,f, or u, */ /* and optional second character is b or l, */ /* followed by one or more digits, */ /* finally followed by a ',', ':', or ']' */ /* ---------------------------------------------- */ if (*ptr1 == 'b' || *ptr1 == 'B' || *ptr1 == 'i' || *ptr1 == 'I' || *ptr1 == 'j' || *ptr1 == 'J' || *ptr1 == 'd' || *ptr1 == 'D' || *ptr1 == 'r' || *ptr1 == 'R' || *ptr1 == 'f' || *ptr1 == 'F' || *ptr1 == 'u' || *ptr1 == 'U') { /* next optional character may be a b or l (for Big or Little) */ ptr1++; if (*ptr1 == 'b' || *ptr1 == 'B' || *ptr1 == 'l' || *ptr1 == 'L') ptr1++; if (isdigit((int) *ptr1)) /* must have at least 1 digit */ { while (isdigit((int) *ptr1)) ptr1++; /* skip over digits */ if (*ptr1 == ',' || *ptr1 == ':' || *ptr1 == ']' ) { /* OK, this looks like a rawfile specifier */ if (urltype) { if (strstr(urltype, "stdin") ) strcpy(urltype, "rawstdin://"); else strcpy(urltype, "rawfile://"); } /* append the raw array specifier to infilex */ if (infilex) { if (strlen(infilex) + strlen(ptr3) > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strcat(infilex, ptr3); ptr1 = strchr(infilex, ']'); /* find the closing ] char */ if (ptr1) *(ptr1 + 1) = '\0'; /* terminate string after the ] */ } if (extspec) strcpy(extspec, "0"); /* the 0 ext number is implicit */ tmptr = strchr(ptr2 + 1, '[' ); /* search for another [ char */ /* copy any remaining characters into rowfilterx */ if (tmptr && rowfilterx) { if (strlen(rowfilterx) + strlen(tmptr + 1) > FLEN_FILENAME -1) { free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strcat(rowfilterx, tmptr + 1); tmptr = strchr(rowfilterx, ']' ); /* search for closing ] */ if (tmptr) *tmptr = '\0'; /* overwrite the ] with null terminator */ } free(infile); /* finished parsing, so return */ return(*status); } } } /* end of rawfile specifier test */ /* -------------------------------------------------------- */ /* Not a rawfile, so next, test if this is an image section */ /* i.e., an integer followed by a ':' or a '*' or '-*' */ /* -------------------------------------------------------- */ ptr1 = ptr3 + 1; /* reset pointer to first char after the [ */ tmptr = ptr1; while (*tmptr == ' ') tmptr++; /* skip leading blanks */ while (isdigit((int) *tmptr)) tmptr++; /* skip over leading digits */ if (*tmptr == ':' || *tmptr == '*' || *tmptr == '-') { /* this is an image section specifier */ strcat(rowfilter, ptr3); /* don't want to assume 0 extension any more; may imply an image extension. if (extspec) strcpy(extspec, "0"); */ } else { /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- Not an image section or rawfile spec so may be an extension spec. Examples of valid extension specifiers: [3] - 3rd extension; 0 = primary array [events] - events extension [events, 2] - events extension, with EXTVER = 2 [events,2] - spaces are optional [events, 3, b] - same as above, plus XTENSION = 'BINTABLE' [PICS; colName(12)] - an image in row 12 of the colName column in the PICS table extension [PICS; colName(exposure > 1000)] - as above, but find image in first row with with exposure column value > 1000. [Rate Table] - extension name can contain spaces! [Rate Table;colName(exposure>1000)] Examples of other types of specifiers (Not extension specifiers) [bin] !!! this is ambiguous, and can't be distinguished from a valid extension specifier [bini X=1:512:16] (also binb, binj, binr, and bind are allowed) [binr (X,Y) = 5] [bin @binfilter.txt] [col Time;rate] [col PI=PHA * 1.1] [col -Time; status] [X > 5] [X>5] [@filter.txt] [StatusCol] !!! this is ambiguous, and can't be distinguished from a valid extension specifier [StatusCol==0] [StatusCol || x>6] [gtifilter()] [regfilter("region.reg")] [compress Rice] There will always be some ambiguity between an extension name and a boolean row filtering expression, (as in a couple of the above examples). If there is any doubt, the expression should be treated as an extension specification; The user can always add an explicit expression specifier to override this interpretation. The following decision logic will be used: 1) locate the first token, terminated with a space, comma, semi-colon, or closing bracket. 2) the token is not part of an extension specifier if any of the following is true: - if the token begins with '@' and contains a '.' - if the token contains an operator: = > < || && - if the token begins with "gtifilter(" or "regfilter(" - if the token is terminated by a space and is followed by additional characters (not a ']') AND any of the following: - the token is 'col' - the token is 3 or 4 chars long and begins with 'bin' - the second token begins with an operator: ! = < > | & + - * / % 3) otherwise, the string is assumed to be an extension specifier ----------------------------------------------------------------- */ tmptr = ptr1; while(*tmptr == ' ') tmptr++; hasAt = 0; hasDot = 0; hasOper = 0; followingOper = 0; spaceTerm = 0; rowFilter = 0; colStart = 0; binStart = 0; pixStart = 0; compStart = 0; if (*tmptr == '@') /* test for leading @ symbol */ hasAt = 1; if ( !fits_strncasecmp(tmptr, "col ", 4) ) colStart = 1; if ( !fits_strncasecmp(tmptr, "bin", 3) ) binStart = 1; if ( !fits_strncasecmp(tmptr, "pix", 3) ) pixStart = 1; if ( !fits_strncasecmp(tmptr, "compress ", 9) || !fits_strncasecmp(tmptr, "compress]", 9) ) compStart = 1; if ( !fits_strncasecmp(tmptr, "gtifilter(", 10) || !fits_strncasecmp(tmptr, "regfilter(", 10) ) { rowFilter = 1; } else { /* parse the first token of the expression */ for (ii = 0; ii < ptr2 - ptr1 + 1; ii++, tmptr++) { if (*tmptr == '.') hasDot = 1; else if (*tmptr == '=' || *tmptr == '>' || *tmptr == '<' || (*tmptr == '|' && *(tmptr+1) == '|') || (*tmptr == '&' && *(tmptr+1) == '&') ) hasOper = 1; else if (*tmptr == ',' || *tmptr == ';' || *tmptr == ']') { break; } else if (*tmptr == ' ') /* a space char? */ { while(*tmptr == ' ') /* skip spaces */ tmptr++; if (*tmptr == ']') /* is this the end? */ break; spaceTerm = 1; /* 1st token is terminated by space */ /* test if this is a column or binning specifier */ if (colStart || (ii <= 4 && (binStart || pixStart)) ) rowFilter = 1; else { /* check if next character is an operator */ if (*tmptr == '=' || *tmptr == '>' || *tmptr == '<' || *tmptr == '|' || *tmptr == '&' || *tmptr == '!' || *tmptr == '+' || *tmptr == '-' || *tmptr == '*' || *tmptr == '/' || *tmptr == '%') followingOper = 1; } break; } } } /* test if this is NOT an extension specifier */ if ( rowFilter || (pixStart && spaceTerm) || (hasAt && hasDot) || hasOper || compStart || (spaceTerm && followingOper) ) { /* this is (probably) not an extension specifier */ /* so copy all chars to filter spec string */ strcat(rowfilter, ptr3); } else { /* this appears to be a legit extension specifier */ /* copy the extension specification */ if (extspec) { if (ptr2 - ptr1 > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncat(extspec, ptr1, ptr2 - ptr1); } /* copy any remaining chars to filter spec string */ strcat(rowfilter, ptr2 + 1); } } } /* end of if (!plus_ext) */ else { /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */ /* already have extension, so this must be a filter spec of some sort */ /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */ strcat(rowfilter, ptr3); } /* strip off any trailing blanks from filter */ slen = strlen(rowfilter); while ( (--slen) >= 0 && rowfilter[slen] == ' ') rowfilter[slen] = '\0'; if (!rowfilter[0]) { free(infile); return(*status); /* nothing left to parse */ } /* ------------------------------------------------ */ /* does the filter contain a binning specification? */ /* ------------------------------------------------ */ ptr1 = strstr(rowfilter, "[bin"); /* search for "[bin" */ if (!ptr1) ptr1 = strstr(rowfilter, "[BIN"); /* search for "[BIN" */ if (!ptr1) ptr1 = strstr(rowfilter, "[Bin"); /* search for "[Bin" */ if (ptr1) { ptr2 = ptr1 + 4; /* end of the '[bin' string */ if (*ptr2 == 'b' || *ptr2 == 'i' || *ptr2 == 'j' || *ptr2 == 'r' || *ptr2 == 'd') ptr2++; /* skip the datatype code letter */ if ( *ptr2 != ' ' && *ptr2 != ']') ptr1 = NULL; /* bin string must be followed by space or ] */ } if (ptr1) { /* found the binning string */ if (binspec) { if (strlen(ptr1 +1) > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strcpy(binspec, ptr1 + 1); ptr2 = fits_find_match_delim(binspec, ']'); if (ptr2) /* terminate the binning filter */ { --ptr2; /* points beyond delimeter, so rewind by 1 */ *ptr2 = '\0'; if ( *(--ptr2) == ' ') /* delete trailing spaces */ *ptr2 = '\0'; } else { ffpmsg("input file URL is missing closing bracket ']'"); ffpmsg(rowfilter); free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* error, no closing ] */ } } /* delete the binning spec from the row filter string */ ptr2 = fits_find_match_delim(ptr1+1, ']'); if (ptr2) { strcpy(tmpstr, ptr2); /* copy any chars after the binspec */ strcpy(ptr1, tmpstr); /* overwrite binspec */ } else { ffpmsg("input file URL is missing closing bracket ']'"); ffpmsg(rowfilter); free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* error, no closing ] */ } } /* --------------------------------------------------------- */ /* does the filter contain a column selection specification? */ /* --------------------------------------------------------- */ ptr1 = strstr(rowfilter, "[col "); if (!ptr1) { ptr1 = strstr(rowfilter, "[COL "); if (!ptr1) ptr1 = strstr(rowfilter, "[Col "); } hasAt = 0; while (ptr1) { /* find the end of the column specifier */ ptr2 = ptr1 + 5; /* Scan past any whitespace and check for @filename */ while (*ptr2 == ' ') ptr2++; if (*ptr2 == '@') hasAt = 1; while (*ptr2 != ']') { if (*ptr2 == '\0') { ffpmsg("input file URL is missing closing bracket ']'"); free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* error, no closing ] */ } if (*ptr2 == '\'') /* start of a literal string */ { ptr2 = strchr(ptr2 + 1, '\''); /* find closing quote */ if (!ptr2) { ffpmsg ("literal string in input file URL is missing closing single quote"); free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* error, no closing ] */ } } if (*ptr2 == '[') /* set of nested square brackets */ { ptr2 = strchr(ptr2 + 1, ']'); /* find closing bracket */ if (!ptr2) { ffpmsg ("nested brackets in input file URL is missing closing bracket"); free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* error, no closing ] */ } } ptr2++; /* continue search for the closing bracket character */ } collen = ptr2 - ptr1 - 1; if (colspec) { /* copy the column specifier to output string */ if (collen + strlen(colspec) > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } if (*colspec == 0) { strncpy(colspec, ptr1 + 1, collen); colspec[collen] = '\0'; } else { /* Pre-existing colspec, append with ";" */ strcat(colspec, ";"); strncat(colspec, ptr1 + 5, collen-4); /* Note that strncat always null-terminates the destination string */ /* Special error checking here. We can't allow there to be a col @filename.txt includes if there are multiple col expressions */ if (hasAt) { ffpmsg("input URL multiple column filter cannot use @filename.txt"); free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } } collen = strlen(colspec); while (colspec[--collen] == ' ') colspec[collen] = '\0'; /* strip trailing blanks */ } /* delete the column selection spec from the row filter string */ strcpy(tmpstr, ptr2 + 1); /* copy any chars after the colspec */ strcpy(ptr1, tmpstr); /* overwrite binspec */ /* Check for additional column specifiers */ ptr1 = strstr(rowfilter, "[col "); if (!ptr1) ptr1 = strstr(rowfilter, "[COL "); if (!ptr1) ptr1 = strstr(rowfilter, "[Col "); } /* --------------------------------------------------------- */ /* does the filter contain a pixel filter specification? */ /* --------------------------------------------------------- */ ptr1 = strstr(rowfilter, "[pix"); if (!ptr1) { ptr1 = strstr(rowfilter, "[PIX"); if (!ptr1) ptr1 = strstr(rowfilter, "[Pix"); } if (ptr1) { ptr2 = ptr1 + 4; /* end of the '[pix' string */ if (*ptr2 == 'b' || *ptr2 == 'i' || *ptr2 == 'j' || *ptr2 == 'B' || *ptr2 == 'I' || *ptr2 == 'J' || *ptr2 == 'r' || *ptr2 == 'd' || *ptr2 == 'R' || *ptr2 == 'D') ptr2++; /* skip the datatype code letter */ if (*ptr2 == '1') ptr2++; /* skip the single HDU indicator */ if ( *ptr2 != ' ') ptr1 = NULL; /* pix string must be followed by space */ } if (ptr1) { /* find the end of the pixel filter */ while (*ptr2 != ']') { if (*ptr2 == '\0') { ffpmsg("input file URL is missing closing bracket ']'"); free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* error, no closing ] */ } if (*ptr2 == '\'') /* start of a literal string */ { ptr2 = strchr(ptr2 + 1, '\''); /* find closing quote */ if (!ptr2) { ffpmsg ("literal string in input file URL is missing closing single quote"); free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* error, no closing ] */ } } if (*ptr2 == '[') /* set of nested square brackets */ { ptr2 = strchr(ptr2 + 1, ']'); /* find closing bracket */ if (!ptr2) { ffpmsg ("nested brackets in input file URL is missing closing bracket"); free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* error, no closing ] */ } } ptr2++; /* continue search for the closing bracket character */ } collen = ptr2 - ptr1 - 1; if (pixfilter) /* copy the column specifier to output string */ { if (collen > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncpy(pixfilter, ptr1 + 1, collen); pixfilter[collen] = '\0'; while (pixfilter[--collen] == ' ') pixfilter[collen] = '\0'; /* strip trailing blanks */ } /* delete the pixel filter from the row filter string */ strcpy(tmpstr, ptr2 + 1); /* copy any chars after the pixel filter */ strcpy(ptr1, tmpstr); /* overwrite binspec */ } /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */ /* does the filter contain an image compression specification? */ /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */ ptr1 = strstr(rowfilter, "[compress"); if (ptr1) { ptr2 = ptr1 + 9; /* end of the '[compress' string */ if ( *ptr2 != ' ' && *ptr2 != ']') ptr1 = NULL; /* compress string must be followed by space or ] */ } if (ptr1) { /* found the compress string */ if (compspec) { if (strlen(ptr1 +1) > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strcpy(compspec, ptr1 + 1); ptr2 = strchr(compspec, ']'); if (ptr2) /* terminate the binning filter */ { *ptr2 = '\0'; if ( *(--ptr2) == ' ') /* delete trailing spaces */ *ptr2 = '\0'; } else { ffpmsg("input file URL is missing closing bracket ']'"); ffpmsg(rowfilter); free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* error, no closing ] */ } } /* delete the compression spec from the row filter string */ ptr2 = strchr(ptr1, ']'); strcpy(tmpstr, ptr2+1); /* copy any chars after the binspec */ strcpy(ptr1, tmpstr); /* overwrite binspec */ } /* copy the remaining string to the rowfilter output... should only */ /* contain a rowfilter expression of the form "[expr]" */ if (rowfilterx && rowfilter[0]) { hasAt = 0; /* Check for multiple expressions, which would appear as "[expr][expr]..." */ ptr1 = rowfilter; while((*ptr1 == '[') && (ptr2 = strstr(rowfilter,"]["))-ptr1 > 2) { /* Advance past any white space */ ptr3 = ptr1+1; while (*ptr3 == ' ') ptr3++; /* Check for @filename.txt */ if (*ptr3 == '@') hasAt = 1; /* Add expression of the form "((expr))&&", note the addition of 6 characters */ if ((strlen(rowfilterx) + (ptr2-ptr1) + 6) > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { free(infile); return (*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } /* Special error checking here. We can't allow there to be a @filename.txt includes if there are multiple row expressions */ if (*rowfilterx && hasAt) { ffpmsg("input URL multiple row filter cannot use @filename.txt"); free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } /* Append the expression */ strcat(rowfilterx, "(("); strncat(rowfilterx, ptr1+1, (ptr2-ptr1-1)); /* Note that strncat always null-terminates the destination string */ strcat(rowfilterx, "))&&"); /* Advance to next expression */ ptr1 = ptr2 + 1; } /* At final iteration, ptr1 points to beginning [ and ptr2 to ending ] */ ptr2 = rowfilter + strlen(rowfilter) - 1; if( *ptr1=='[' && *ptr2==']' ) { /* Check for @include in final position */ ptr3 = ptr1 + 1; while (*ptr3 == ' ') ptr3++; if (*ptr3 == '@') hasAt = 1; /* Check for overflow; add extra 4 characters if we have pre-existing expression */ if (strlen(rowfilterx) + (ptr2-ptr1 + (*rowfilterx)?4:0) > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } /* Special error checking here. We can't allow there to be a @filename.txt includes if there are multiple row expressions */ if (*rowfilterx && hasAt) { ffpmsg("input URL multiple row filter cannot use @filename.txt"); free(infile); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } if (*rowfilterx) { /* A pre-existing row filter: we bracket by ((expr)) to be sure */ strcat(rowfilterx, "(("); strncat(rowfilterx, ptr1+1, (ptr2-ptr1-1)); strcat(rowfilterx, "))"); } else { /* We have only one filter, so just copy the expression alone. This will be the most typical case */ strncat(rowfilterx, ptr1+1, (ptr2-ptr1-1)); } } else { ffpmsg("input file URL lacks valid row filter expression"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; } } free(infile); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffexist(const char *infile, /* I - input filename or URL */ int *exists, /* O - 2 = a compressed version of file exists */ /* 1 = yes, disk file exists */ /* 0 = no, disk file could not be found */ /* -1 = infile is not a disk file (could */ /* be a http, ftp, gsiftp, smem, or stdin file) */ int *status) /* I/O status */ /* test if the input file specifier is an existing file on disk If the specified file can't be found, it then searches for a compressed version of the file. */ { FILE *diskfile; char rootname[FLEN_FILENAME]; char *ptr1; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* strip off any extname or filters from the name */ ffrtnm( (char *)infile, rootname, status); ptr1 = strstr(rootname, "://"); if (ptr1 || *rootname == '-') { if (!strncmp(rootname, "file", 4) ) { ptr1 = ptr1 + 3; /* pointer to start of the disk file name */ } else { *exists = -1; /* this is not a disk file */ return (*status); } } else { ptr1 = rootname; } /* see if the disk file exists */ if (file_openfile(ptr1, 0, &diskfile)) { /* no, couldn't open file, so see if there is a compressed version */ if (file_is_compressed(ptr1) ) { *exists = 2; /* a compressed version of the file exists */ } else { *exists = 0; /* neither file nor compressed version exist */ } } else { /* yes, file exists */ *exists = 1; fclose(diskfile); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffrtnm(char *url, char *rootname, int *status) /* parse the input URL, returning the root name (filetype://basename). */ { int ii, jj, slen, infilelen; char *ptr1, *ptr2, *ptr3, *ptr4; char urltype[MAX_PREFIX_LEN]; char infile[FLEN_FILENAME]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); ptr1 = url; *rootname = '\0'; *urltype = '\0'; *infile = '\0'; /* get urltype (e.g., file://, ftp://, http://, etc.) */ if (*ptr1 == '-') /* "-" means read file from stdin */ { strcat(urltype, "-"); ptr1++; } else if (!strncmp(ptr1, "stdin", 5) || !strncmp(ptr1, "STDIN", 5)) { strcat(urltype, "-"); ptr1 = ptr1 + 5; } else { ptr2 = strstr(ptr1, "://"); ptr3 = strstr(ptr1, "(" ); if (ptr3 && (ptr3 < ptr2) ) { /* the urltype follows a '(' character, so it must apply */ /* to the output file, and is not the urltype of the input file */ ptr2 = 0; /* so reset pointer to zero */ } if (ptr2) /* copy the explicit urltype string */ { if (ptr2 - ptr1 + 3 > MAX_PREFIX_LEN - 1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncat(urltype, ptr1, ptr2 - ptr1 + 3); ptr1 = ptr2 + 3; } else if (!strncmp(ptr1, "ftp:", 4) ) { /* the 2 //'s are optional */ strcat(urltype, "ftp://"); ptr1 += 4; } else if (!strncmp(ptr1, "gsiftp:", 7) ) { /* the 2 //'s are optional */ strcat(urltype, "gsiftp://"); ptr1 += 7; } else if (!strncmp(ptr1, "http:", 5) ) { /* the 2 //'s are optional */ strcat(urltype, "http://"); ptr1 += 5; } else if (!strncmp(ptr1, "mem:", 4) ) { /* the 2 //'s are optional */ strcat(urltype, "mem://"); ptr1 += 4; } else if (!strncmp(ptr1, "shmem:", 6) ) { /* the 2 //'s are optional */ strcat(urltype, "shmem://"); ptr1 += 6; } else if (!strncmp(ptr1, "file:", 5) ) { /* the 2 //'s are optional */ ptr1 += 5; } /* else assume file driver */ } /* get the input file name */ ptr2 = strchr(ptr1, '('); /* search for opening parenthesis ( */ ptr3 = strchr(ptr1, '['); /* search for opening bracket [ */ if (ptr2) { ptr4 = strchr(ptr2, ')'); while (ptr4 && ptr2) { do { ++ptr4; } while (*ptr4 == ' '); if (*ptr4 == 0 || *ptr4 == '[') break; ptr2 = strchr(ptr2+1, '('); ptr4 = strchr(ptr4, ')'); } } if (ptr2 == ptr3) /* simple case: no [ or ( in the file name */ { if (strlen(ptr1) > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strcat(infile, ptr1); } else if (!ptr3) /* no bracket, so () enclose output file name */ { if (ptr2 - ptr1 > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncat(infile, ptr1, ptr2 - ptr1); ptr2++; ptr1 = strchr(ptr2, ')' ); /* search for closing ) */ if (!ptr1) return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* error, no closing ) */ } else if (ptr2 && (ptr2 < ptr3)) /* () enclose output name before bracket */ { if (ptr2 - ptr1 > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncat(infile, ptr1, ptr2 - ptr1); ptr2++; ptr1 = strchr(ptr2, ')' ); /* search for closing ) */ if (!ptr1) return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* error, no closing ) */ } else /* bracket comes first, so there is no output name */ { if (ptr3 - ptr1 > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncat(infile, ptr1, ptr3 - ptr1); } /* strip off any trailing blanks in the names */ slen = strlen(infile); for (ii = slen - 1; ii > 0; ii--) { if (infile[ii] == ' ') infile[ii] = '\0'; else break; } /* --------------------------------------------- */ /* check if the 'filename+n' convention has been */ /* used to specifiy which HDU number to open */ /* --------------------------------------------- */ jj = strlen(infile); for (ii = jj - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (infile[ii] == '+') /* search backwards for '+' sign */ break; } if (ii > 0 && (jj - ii) < 5) /* limit extension numbers to 4 digits */ { infilelen = ii; ii++; for (; ii < jj; ii++) { if (!isdigit((int) infile[ii] ) ) /* are all the chars digits? */ break; } if (ii == jj) { /* yes, the '+n' convention was used. */ infile[infilelen] = '\0'; /* delete the extension number */ } } if (strlen(urltype) + strlen(infile) > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strcat(rootname, urltype); /* construct the root name */ strcat(rootname, infile); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffourl(char *url, /* I - full input URL */ char *urltype, /* O - url type */ char *outfile, /* O - base file name */ char *tpltfile, /* O - template file name, if any */ char *compspec, /* O - compression specification, if any */ int *status) /* parse the output URL into its basic components. */ { char *ptr1, *ptr2, *ptr3; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (urltype) *urltype = '\0'; if (outfile) *outfile = '\0'; if (tpltfile) *tpltfile = '\0'; if (compspec) *compspec = '\0'; ptr1 = url; while (*ptr1 == ' ') /* ignore leading blanks */ ptr1++; if ( ( (*ptr1 == '-') && ( *(ptr1 +1) == 0 || *(ptr1 +1) == ' ' ) ) || !strcmp(ptr1, "stdout") || !strcmp(ptr1, "STDOUT")) /* "-" means write to stdout; also support "- " */ /* but exclude disk file names that begin with a minus sign */ /* e.g., "-55d33m.fits" */ { if (urltype) strcpy(urltype, "stdout://"); } else { /* not writing to stdout */ /* get urltype (e.g., file://, ftp://, http://, etc.) */ ptr2 = strstr(ptr1, "://"); if (ptr2) /* copy the explicit urltype string */ { if (urltype) { if (ptr2 - ptr1 + 3 > MAX_PREFIX_LEN - 1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncat(urltype, ptr1, ptr2 - ptr1 + 3); } ptr1 = ptr2 + 3; } else /* assume file driver */ { if (urltype) strcat(urltype, "file://"); } /* look for template file name, enclosed in parenthesis */ ptr2 = strchr(ptr1, '('); /* look for image compression parameters, enclosed in sq. brackets */ ptr3 = strchr(ptr1, '['); if (outfile) { if (ptr2) { /* template file was specified */ if (ptr2 - ptr1 > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncat(outfile, ptr1, ptr2 - ptr1); } else if (ptr3) { /* compression was specified */ if (ptr3 - ptr1 > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncat(outfile, ptr1, ptr3 - ptr1); } else { /* no template file or compression */ if (strlen(ptr1) > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strcpy(outfile, ptr1); } } if (ptr2) /* template file was specified */ { ptr2++; ptr1 = strchr(ptr2, ')' ); /* search for closing ) */ if (!ptr1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* error, no closing ) */ } if (tpltfile) { if (ptr1 - ptr2 > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncat(tpltfile, ptr2, ptr1 - ptr2); } } if (ptr3) /* compression was specified */ { ptr3++; ptr1 = strchr(ptr3, ']' ); /* search for closing ] */ if (!ptr1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* error, no closing ] */ } if (compspec) { if (ptr1 - ptr3 > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncat(compspec, ptr3, ptr1 - ptr3); } } /* check if a .gz compressed output file is to be created */ /* by seeing if the filename ends in '.gz' */ if (urltype && outfile) { if (!strcmp(urltype, "file://") ) { ptr1 = strstr(outfile, ".gz"); if (ptr1) { /* make sure the ".gz" is at the end of the file name */ ptr1 += 3; if (*ptr1 == 0 || *ptr1 == ' ' ) strcpy(urltype, "compressoutfile://"); } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffexts(char *extspec, int *extnum, char *extname, int *extvers, int *hdutype, char *imagecolname, char *rowexpress, int *status) { /* Parse the input extension specification string, returning either the extension number or the values of the EXTNAME, EXTVERS, and XTENSION keywords in desired extension. Also return the name of the column containing an image, and an expression to be used to determine which row to use, if present. */ char *ptr1, *ptr2; int slen, nvals; int notint = 1; /* initially assume specified extname is not an integer */ char tmpname[FLEN_VALUE], *loc; *extnum = 0; *extname = '\0'; *extvers = 0; *hdutype = ANY_HDU; *imagecolname = '\0'; *rowexpress = '\0'; if (*status > 0) return(*status); ptr1 = extspec; /* pointer to first char */ while (*ptr1 == ' ') /* skip over any leading blanks */ ptr1++; if (isdigit((int) *ptr1)) /* is the extension specification a number? */ { notint = 0; /* looks like extname may actually be the ext. number */ errno = 0; /* reset this prior to calling strtol */ *extnum = strtol(ptr1, &loc, 10); /* read the string as an integer */ while (*loc == ' ') /* skip over trailing blanks */ loc++; /* check for read error, or junk following the integer */ if ((*loc != '\0' && *loc != ';' ) || (errno == ERANGE) ) { *extnum = 0; notint = 1; /* no, extname was not a simple integer after all */ errno = 0; /* reset error condition flag if it was set */ } if ( *extnum < 0 || *extnum > 99999) { *extnum = 0; /* this is not a reasonable extension number */ ffpmsg("specified extension number is out of range:"); ffpmsg(extspec); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } } /* This logic was too simple, and failed on extnames like '1000TEMP' where it would try to move to the 1000th extension if (isdigit((int) *ptr1)) { sscanf(ptr1, "%d", extnum); if (*extnum < 0 || *extnum > 9999) { *extnum = 0; ffpmsg("specified extension number is out of range:"); ffpmsg(extspec); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } } */ if (notint) { /* not a number, so EXTNAME must be specified, followed by */ /* optional EXTVERS and XTENSION values */ /* don't use space char as end indicator, because there */ /* may be imbedded spaces in the EXTNAME value */ slen = strcspn(ptr1, ",:;"); /* length of EXTNAME */ if (slen > FLEN_VALUE - 1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncat(extname, ptr1, slen); /* EXTNAME value */ /* now remove any trailing blanks */ while (slen > 0 && *(extname + slen -1) == ' ') { *(extname + slen -1) = '\0'; slen--; } ptr1 += slen; slen = strspn(ptr1, " ,:"); /* skip delimiter characters */ ptr1 += slen; slen = strcspn(ptr1, " ,:;"); /* length of EXTVERS */ if (slen) { nvals = sscanf(ptr1, "%d", extvers); /* EXTVERS value */ if (nvals != 1) { ffpmsg("illegal EXTVER value in input URL:"); ffpmsg(extspec); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } ptr1 += slen; slen = strspn(ptr1, " ,:"); /* skip delimiter characters */ ptr1 += slen; slen = strcspn(ptr1, ";"); /* length of HDUTYPE */ if (slen) { if (*ptr1 == 'b' || *ptr1 == 'B') *hdutype = BINARY_TBL; else if (*ptr1 == 't' || *ptr1 == 'T' || *ptr1 == 'a' || *ptr1 == 'A') *hdutype = ASCII_TBL; else if (*ptr1 == 'i' || *ptr1 == 'I') *hdutype = IMAGE_HDU; else { ffpmsg("unknown type of HDU in input URL:"); ffpmsg(extspec); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } } } else { strcpy(tmpname, extname); ffupch(tmpname); if (!strcmp(tmpname, "PRIMARY") || !strcmp(tmpname, "P") ) *extname = '\0'; /* return extnum = 0 */ } } ptr1 = strchr(ptr1, ';'); if (ptr1) { /* an image is to be opened; the image is contained in a single */ /* cell of a binary table. A column name and an expression to */ /* determine which row to use has been entered. */ ptr1++; /* skip over the ';' delimiter */ while (*ptr1 == ' ') /* skip over any leading blanks */ ptr1++; ptr2 = strchr(ptr1, '('); if (!ptr2) { ffpmsg("illegal specification of image in table cell in input URL:"); ffpmsg(" did not find a row expression enclosed in ( )"); ffpmsg(extspec); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } if (ptr2 - ptr1 > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncat(imagecolname, ptr1, ptr2 - ptr1); /* copy column name */ ptr2++; /* skip over the '(' delimiter */ while (*ptr2 == ' ') /* skip over any leading blanks */ ptr2++; ptr1 = strchr(ptr2, ')'); if (!ptr1) { ffpmsg("illegal specification of image in table cell in input URL:"); ffpmsg(" missing closing ')' character in row expression"); ffpmsg(extspec); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } if (ptr1 - ptr2 > FLEN_FILENAME - 1) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strncat(rowexpress, ptr2, ptr1 - ptr2); /* row expression */ } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffextn(char *url, /* I - input filename/URL */ int *extension_num, /* O - returned extension number */ int *status) { /* Parse the input url string and return the number of the extension that CFITSIO would automatically move to if CFITSIO were to open this input URL. The extension numbers are one's based, so 1 = the primary array, 2 = the first extension, etc. The extension number that gets returned is determined by the following algorithm: 1. If the input URL includes a binning specification (e.g. 'myfile.fits[3][bin X,Y]') then the returned extension number will always = 1, since CFITSIO would create a temporary primary image on the fly in this case. The same is true if an image within a single cell of a binary table is opened. 2. Else if the input URL specifies an extension number (e.g., 'myfile.fits[3]' or 'myfile.fits+3') then the specified extension number (+ 1) is returned. 3. Else if the extension name is specified in brackets (e.g., this 'myfile.fits[EVENTS]') then the file will be opened and searched for the extension number. If the input URL is '-' (reading from the stdin file stream) this is not possible and an error will be returned. 4. Else if the URL does not specify an extension (e.g. 'myfile.fits') then a special extension number = -99 will be returned to signal that no extension was specified. This feature is mainly for compatibility with existing FTOOLS software. CFITSIO would open the primary array by default (extension_num = 1) in this case. */ fitsfile *fptr; char urltype[20]; char infile[FLEN_FILENAME]; char outfile[FLEN_FILENAME]; char extspec[FLEN_FILENAME]; char extname[FLEN_FILENAME]; char rowfilter[FLEN_FILENAME]; char binspec[FLEN_FILENAME]; char colspec[FLEN_FILENAME]; char imagecolname[FLEN_VALUE], rowexpress[FLEN_FILENAME]; char *cptr; int extnum, extvers, hdutype, tstatus = 0; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* parse the input URL into its basic components */ fits_parse_input_url(url, urltype, infile, outfile, extspec, rowfilter,binspec, colspec, status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (*binspec) /* is there a binning specification? */ { *extension_num = 1; /* a temporary primary array image is created */ return(*status); } if (*extspec) /* is an extension specified? */ { ffexts(extspec, &extnum, extname, &extvers, &hdutype, imagecolname, rowexpress, status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (*imagecolname) /* is an image within a table cell being opened? */ { *extension_num = 1; /* a temporary primary array image is created */ return(*status); } if (*extname) { /* have to open the file to search for the extension name (curses!) */ if (!strcmp(urltype, "stdin://")) /* opening stdin would destroying it! */ return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); /* First, strip off any filtering specification */ infile[0] = '\0'; strncat(infile, url, FLEN_FILENAME -1); cptr = strchr(infile, ']'); /* locate the closing bracket */ if (!cptr) { return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } else { cptr++; *cptr = '\0'; /* terminate URl after the extension spec */ } if (ffopen(&fptr, infile, READONLY, status) > 0) /* open the file */ { ffclos(fptr, &tstatus); return(*status); } ffghdn(fptr, &extnum); /* where am I in the file? */ *extension_num = extnum; ffclos(fptr, status); return(*status); } else { *extension_num = extnum + 1; /* return the specified number (+ 1) */ return(*status); } } else { *extension_num = -99; /* no specific extension was specified */ /* defaults to primary array */ return(*status); } } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffurlt(fitsfile *fptr, char *urlType, int *status) /* return the prefix string associated with the driver in use by the fitsfile pointer fptr */ { strcpy(urlType, driverTable[fptr->Fptr->driver].prefix); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffimport_file( char *filename, /* Text file to read */ char **contents, /* Pointer to pointer to hold file */ int *status ) /* CFITSIO error code */ /* Read and concatenate all the lines from the given text file. User must free the pointer returned in contents. Pointer is guaranteed to hold 2 characters more than the length of the text... allows the calling routine to append (or prepend) a newline (or quotes?) without reallocating memory. */ { int allocLen, totalLen, llen, eoline = 1; char *lines,line[256]; FILE *aFile; if( *status > 0 ) return( *status ); totalLen = 0; allocLen = 1024; lines = (char *)malloc( allocLen * sizeof(char) ); if( !lines ) { ffpmsg("Couldn't allocate memory to hold ASCII file contents."); return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION ); } lines[0] = '\0'; if( (aFile = fopen( filename, "r" ))==NULL ) { snprintf(line,256,"Could not open ASCII file %s.",filename); ffpmsg(line); free( lines ); return(*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED); } while( fgets(line,256,aFile)!=NULL ) { llen = strlen(line); if ( eoline && (llen > 1) && (line[0] == '/' && line[1] == '/')) continue; /* skip comment lines begging with // */ eoline = 0; /* replace CR and newline chars at end of line with nulls */ if ((llen > 0) && (line[llen-1]=='\n' || line[llen-1] == '\r')) { line[--llen] = '\0'; eoline = 1; /* found an end of line character */ if ((llen > 0) && (line[llen-1]=='\n' || line[llen-1] == '\r')) { line[--llen] = '\0'; } } if( totalLen + llen + 3 >= allocLen ) { allocLen += 256; lines = (char *)realloc(lines, allocLen * sizeof(char) ); if( ! lines ) { ffpmsg("Couldn't allocate memory to hold ASCII file contents."); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; break; } } strcpy( lines+totalLen, line ); totalLen += llen; if (eoline) { strcpy( lines+totalLen, " "); /* add a space between lines */ totalLen += 1; } } fclose(aFile); *contents = lines; return( *status ); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_get_token(char **ptr, char *delimiter, char *token, int *isanumber) /* O - is this token a number? */ /* parse off the next token, delimited by a character in 'delimiter', from the input ptr string; increment *ptr to the end of the token. Returns the length of the token, not including the delimiter char; */ { char *loc, tval[73]; int slen; double dval; *token = '\0'; while (**ptr == ' ') /* skip over leading blanks */ (*ptr)++; slen = strcspn(*ptr, delimiter); /* length of next token */ if (slen) { strncat(token, *ptr, slen); /* copy token */ (*ptr) += slen; /* skip over the token */ if (isanumber) /* check if token is a number */ { *isanumber = 1; if (strchr(token, 'D')) { strncpy(tval, token, 72); tval[72] = '\0'; /* The C language does not support a 'D'; replace with 'E' */ if ((loc = strchr(tval, 'D'))) *loc = 'E'; dval = strtod(tval, &loc); } else { dval = strtod(token, &loc); } /* check for read error, or junk following the value */ if (*loc != '\0' && *loc != ' ' ) *isanumber = 0; if (errno == ERANGE) *isanumber = 0; } } return(slen); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_get_token2(char **ptr, char *delimiter, char **token, int *isanumber, /* O - is this token a number? */ int *status) /* parse off the next token, delimited by a character in 'delimiter', from the input ptr string; increment *ptr to the end of the token. Returns the length of the token, not including the delimiter char; This routine allocates the *token string; the calling routine must free it */ { char *loc, tval[73]; int slen; double dval; if (*status) return(0); while (**ptr == ' ') /* skip over leading blanks */ (*ptr)++; slen = strcspn(*ptr, delimiter); /* length of next token */ if (slen) { *token = (char *) calloc(slen + 1, 1); if (!(*token)) { ffpmsg("Couldn't allocate memory to hold token string (fits_get_token2)."); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION ; return(0); } strncat(*token, *ptr, slen); /* copy token */ (*ptr) += slen; /* skip over the token */ if (isanumber) /* check if token is a number */ { *isanumber = 1; if (strchr(*token, 'D')) { strncpy(tval, *token, 72); tval[72] = '\0'; /* The C language does not support a 'D'; replace with 'E' */ if ((loc = strchr(tval, 'D'))) *loc = 'E'; dval = strtod(tval, &loc); } else { dval = strtod(*token, &loc); } /* check for read error, or junk following the value */ if (*loc != '\0' && *loc != ' ' ) *isanumber = 0; if (errno == ERANGE) *isanumber = 0; } } return(slen); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ char *fits_split_names( char *list) /* I - input list of names */ { /* A sequence of calls to fits_split_names will split the input string into name tokens. The string typically contains a list of file or column names. The names must be delimited by a comma and/or spaces. This routine ignores spaces and commas that occur within parentheses, brackets, or curly brackets. It also strips any leading and trailing blanks from the returned name. This routine is similar to the ANSI C 'strtok' function: The first call to fits_split_names has a non-null input string. It finds the first name in the string and terminates it by overwriting the next character of the string with a '\0' and returns a pointer to the name. Each subsequent call, indicated by a NULL value of the input string, returns the next name, searching from just past the end of the previous name. It returns NULL when no further names are found. The following line illustrates how a string would be split into 3 names: myfile[1][bin (x,y)=4], file2.fits file3.fits ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^ 1st name 2nd name 3rd name NOTE: This routine is not thread-safe. This routine is simply provided as a utility routine for other external software. It is not used by any CFITSIO routine. */ int depth = 0; char *start; static char *ptr; if (list) /* reset ptr if a string is given */ ptr = list; while (*ptr == ' ')ptr++; /* skip leading white space */ if (*ptr == '\0')return(0); /* no remaining file names */ start = ptr; while (*ptr != '\0') { if ((*ptr == '[') || (*ptr == '(') || (*ptr == '{')) depth ++; else if ((*ptr == '}') || (*ptr == ')') || (*ptr == ']')) depth --; else if ((depth == 0) && (*ptr == ',' || *ptr == ' ')) { *ptr = '\0'; /* terminate the filename here */ ptr++; /* save pointer to start of next filename */ break; } ptr++; } return(start); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int urltype2driver(char *urltype, int *driver) /* compare input URL with list of known drivers, returning the matching driver numberL. */ { int ii; /* find matching driver; search most recent drivers first */ for (ii=no_of_drivers - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (0 == strcmp(driverTable[ii].prefix, urltype)) { *driver = ii; return(0); } } return(NO_MATCHING_DRIVER); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffclos(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* close the FITS file by completing the current HDU, flushing it to disk, then calling the system dependent routine to physically close the FITS file */ { int tstatus = NO_CLOSE_ERROR, zerostatus = 0; if (!fptr) return(*status = NULL_INPUT_PTR); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->validcode != VALIDSTRUC) /* check for magic value */ return(*status = BAD_FILEPTR); /* close and flush the current HDU */ if (*status > 0) ffchdu(fptr, &tstatus); /* turn off the error message from ffchdu */ else ffchdu(fptr, status); ((fptr->Fptr)->open_count)--; /* decrement usage counter */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->open_count == 0) /* if no other files use structure */ { ffflsh(fptr, TRUE, status); /* flush and disassociate IO buffers */ /* call driver function to actually close the file */ if ((*driverTable[(fptr->Fptr)->driver].close)((fptr->Fptr)->filehandle)) { if (*status <= 0) { *status = FILE_NOT_CLOSED; /* report if no previous error */ ffpmsg("failed to close the following file: (ffclos)"); ffpmsg((fptr->Fptr)->filename); } } fits_clear_Fptr( fptr->Fptr, status); /* clear Fptr address */ free((fptr->Fptr)->iobuffer); /* free memory for I/O buffers */ free((fptr->Fptr)->headstart); /* free memory for headstart array */ free((fptr->Fptr)->filename); /* free memory for the filename */ (fptr->Fptr)->filename = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->validcode = 0; /* magic value to indicate invalid fptr */ free(fptr->Fptr); /* free memory for the FITS file structure */ free(fptr); /* free memory for the FITS file structure */ } else { /* to minimize the fallout from any previous error (e.g., trying to open a non-existent extension in a already opened file), always call ffflsh with status = 0. */ /* just flush the buffers, don't disassociate them */ if (*status > 0) ffflsh(fptr, FALSE, &zerostatus); else ffflsh(fptr, FALSE, status); free(fptr); /* free memory for the FITS file structure */ } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffdelt(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* close and DELETE the FITS file. */ { char *basename; int slen, tstatus = NO_CLOSE_ERROR, zerostatus = 0; if (!fptr) return(*status = NULL_INPUT_PTR); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->validcode != VALIDSTRUC) /* check for magic value */ return(*status = BAD_FILEPTR); if (*status > 0) ffchdu(fptr, &tstatus); /* turn off the error message from ffchdu */ else ffchdu(fptr, status); ffflsh(fptr, TRUE, status); /* flush and disassociate IO buffers */ /* call driver function to actually close the file */ if ( (*driverTable[(fptr->Fptr)->driver].close)((fptr->Fptr)->filehandle) ) { if (*status <= 0) { *status = FILE_NOT_CLOSED; /* report error if no previous error */ ffpmsg("failed to close the following file: (ffdelt)"); ffpmsg((fptr->Fptr)->filename); } } /* call driver function to actually delete the file */ if ( (driverTable[(fptr->Fptr)->driver].remove) ) { /* parse the input URL to get the base filename */ slen = strlen((fptr->Fptr)->filename); basename = (char *) malloc(slen +1); if (!basename) return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); fits_parse_input_url((fptr->Fptr)->filename, NULL, basename, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, &zerostatus); if ((*driverTable[(fptr->Fptr)->driver].remove)(basename)) { ffpmsg("failed to delete the following file: (ffdelt)"); ffpmsg((fptr->Fptr)->filename); if (!(*status)) *status = FILE_NOT_CLOSED; } free(basename); } fits_clear_Fptr( fptr->Fptr, status); /* clear Fptr address */ free((fptr->Fptr)->iobuffer); /* free memory for I/O buffers */ free((fptr->Fptr)->headstart); /* free memory for headstart array */ free((fptr->Fptr)->filename); /* free memory for the filename */ (fptr->Fptr)->filename = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->validcode = 0; /* magic value to indicate invalid fptr */ free(fptr->Fptr); /* free memory for the FITS file structure */ free(fptr); /* free memory for the FITS file structure */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fftrun( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ LONGLONG filesize, /* I - size to truncate the file */ int *status) /* O - error status */ /* low level routine to truncate a file to a new smaller size. */ { if (driverTable[(fptr->Fptr)->driver].truncate) { ffflsh(fptr, FALSE, status); /* flush all the buffers first */ (fptr->Fptr)->filesize = filesize; (fptr->Fptr)->io_pos = filesize; (fptr->Fptr)->logfilesize = filesize; (fptr->Fptr)->bytepos = filesize; ffbfeof(fptr, status); /* eliminate any buffers beyond current EOF */ return (*status = (*driverTable[(fptr->Fptr)->driver].truncate)((fptr->Fptr)->filehandle, filesize) ); } else return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffflushx( FITSfile *fptr) /* I - FITS file pointer */ /* low level routine to flush internal file buffers to the file. */ { if (driverTable[fptr->driver].flush) return ( (*driverTable[fptr->driver].flush)(fptr->filehandle) ); else return(0); /* no flush function defined for this driver */ } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffseek( FITSfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ LONGLONG position) /* I - byte position to seek to */ /* low level routine to seek to a position in a file. */ { return( (*driverTable[fptr->driver].seek)(fptr->filehandle, position) ); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffwrite( FITSfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long nbytes, /* I - number of bytes to write */ void *buffer, /* I - buffer to write */ int *status) /* O - error status */ /* low level routine to write bytes to a file. */ { if ( (*driverTable[fptr->driver].write)(fptr->filehandle, buffer, nbytes) ) { ffpmsg("Error writing data buffer to file:"); ffpmsg(fptr->filename); *status = WRITE_ERROR; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffread( FITSfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long nbytes, /* I - number of bytes to read */ void *buffer, /* O - buffer to read into */ int *status) /* O - error status */ /* low level routine to read bytes from a file. */ { int readstatus; readstatus = (*driverTable[fptr->driver].read)(fptr->filehandle, buffer, nbytes); if (readstatus == END_OF_FILE) *status = END_OF_FILE; else if (readstatus > 0) { ffpmsg("Error reading data buffer from file:"); ffpmsg(fptr->filename); *status = READ_ERROR; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fftplt(fitsfile **fptr, /* O - FITS file pointer */ const char *filename, /* I - name of file to create */ const char *tempname, /* I - name of template file */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Create and initialize a new FITS file based on a template file. Uses C fopen and fgets functions. */ { *fptr = 0; /* initialize null file pointer, */ /* regardless of the value of *status */ if (*status > 0) return(*status); if ( ffinit(fptr, filename, status) ) /* create empty file */ return(*status); ffoptplt(*fptr, tempname, status); /* open and use template */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffoptplt(fitsfile *fptr, /* O - FITS file pointer */ const char *tempname, /* I - name of template file */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* open template file and use it to create new file */ { fitsfile *tptr; int tstatus = 0, nkeys, nadd, ii; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (tempname == NULL || *tempname == '\0') /* no template file? */ return(*status); /* try opening template */ ffopen(&tptr, (char *) tempname, READONLY, &tstatus); if (tstatus) /* not a FITS file, so treat it as an ASCII template */ { ffxmsg(2, card); /* clear the error message */ fits_execute_template(fptr, (char *) tempname, status); ffmahd(fptr, 1, 0, status); /* move back to the primary array */ return(*status); } else /* template is a valid FITS file */ { ffmahd(tptr, 1, NULL, status); /* make sure we are at the beginning */ while (*status <= 0) { ffghsp(tptr, &nkeys, &nadd, status); /* get no. of keywords */ for (ii = 1; ii <= nkeys; ii++) /* copy keywords */ { ffgrec(tptr, ii, card, status); /* must reset the PCOUNT keyword to zero in the new output file */ if (strncmp(card, "PCOUNT ",8) == 0) { /* the PCOUNT keyword? */ if (strncmp(card+25, " 0", 5)) { /* non-zero value? */ strncpy(card, "PCOUNT = 0", 30); } } ffprec(fptr, card, status); } ffmrhd(tptr, 1, 0, status); /* move to next HDU until error */ ffcrhd(fptr, status); /* create empty new HDU in output file */ } if (*status == END_OF_FILE) { *status = 0; /* expected error condition */ } ffclos(tptr, status); /* close the template file */ } ffmahd(fptr, 1, 0, status); /* move to the primary array */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void ffrprt( FILE *stream, int status) /* Print out report of cfitsio error status and messages on the error stack. Uses C FILE stream. */ { char status_str[FLEN_STATUS], errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; if (status) { fits_get_errstatus(status, status_str); /* get the error description */ fprintf(stream, "\nFITSIO status = %d: %s\n", status, status_str); while ( fits_read_errmsg(errmsg) ) /* get error stack messages */ fprintf(stream, "%s\n", errmsg); } return; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int pixel_filter_helper( fitsfile **fptr, /* IO - pointer to input image; on output it */ /* points to the new image */ char *outfile, /* I - name for output file */ char *expr, /* I - Image filter expression */ int *status) { PixelFilter filter = { 0 }; char * DEFAULT_TAG = "X"; int ii, hdunum; int singleHDU = 0; filter.count = 1; filter.ifptr = fptr; filter.tag = &DEFAULT_TAG; /* create new empty file for result */ if (ffinit(&filter.ofptr, outfile, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to create output file for pixel filter:"); ffpmsg(outfile); return(*status); } fits_get_hdu_num(*fptr, &hdunum); /* current HDU number in input file */ expr += 3; /* skip 'pix' */ switch (expr[0]) { case 'b': case 'B': filter.bitpix = BYTE_IMG; break; case 'i': case 'I': filter.bitpix = SHORT_IMG; break; case 'j': case 'J': filter.bitpix = LONG_IMG; break; case 'r': case 'R': filter.bitpix = FLOAT_IMG; break; case 'd': case 'D': filter.bitpix = DOUBLE_IMG; break; } if (filter.bitpix) /* skip bitpix indicator */ ++expr; if (*expr == '1') { ++expr; singleHDU = 1; } if (((*fptr)->Fptr)->only_one) singleHDU = 1; if (*expr != ' ') { ffpmsg("pixel filtering expression not space separated:"); ffpmsg(expr); } while (*expr == ' ') ++expr; /* copy all preceding extensions to the output file */ for (ii = 1; !singleHDU && ii < hdunum; ii++) { fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, ii, NULL, status); if (fits_copy_hdu(*fptr, filter.ofptr, 0, status) > 0) { ffclos(filter.ofptr, status); return(*status); } } /* move back to the original HDU position */ fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, hdunum, NULL, status); filter.expression = expr; if (fits_pixel_filter(&filter, status)) { ffpmsg("failed to execute image filter:"); ffpmsg(expr); ffclos(filter.ofptr, status); return(*status); } /* copy any remaining HDUs to the output file */ for (ii = hdunum + 1; !singleHDU; ii++) { if (fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, ii, NULL, status) > 0) break; fits_copy_hdu(*fptr, filter.ofptr, 0, status); } if (*status == END_OF_FILE) *status = 0; /* got the expected EOF error; reset = 0 */ else if (*status > 0) { ffclos(filter.ofptr, status); return(*status); } /* close the original file and return ptr to the new image */ ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = filter.ofptr; /* reset the pointer to the new table */ /* move back to the image subsection */ if (ii - 1 != hdunum) fits_movabs_hdu(*fptr, hdunum, NULL, status); return(*status); } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffihtps(void) { /* Wrapper function for global initialization of curl library. This is NOT THREAD-SAFE */ int status=0; #ifdef CFITSIO_HAVE_CURL if (curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL)) /* Do we want to define a new CFITSIO error code for this? */ status = -1; #endif return status; } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffchtps(void) { /* Wrapper function for global cleanup of curl library. This is NOT THREAD-SAFE */ #ifdef CFITSIO_HAVE_CURL curl_global_cleanup(); #endif return 0; } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void ffvhtps(int flag) { /* Turn libcurl's verbose output on (1) or off (0). This is NOT THREAD-SAFE */ #ifdef HAVE_NET_SERVICES https_set_verbose(flag); #endif } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void ffshdwn(int flag) { /* Display download status bar (to stderr), where applicable. This is NOT THREAD-SAFE */ #ifdef HAVE_NET_SERVICES fits_dwnld_prog_bar(flag); #endif } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtmo(void) { int timeout=0; #ifdef HAVE_NET_SERVICES timeout = fits_net_timeout(-1); #endif return timeout; } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffstmo(int sec, int *status) { if (*status > 0) return (*status); #ifdef HAVE_NET_SERVICES if (sec <= 0) { *status = BAD_NETTIMEOUT; ffpmsg("Bad value for net timeout setting (fits_set_timeout)."); return(*status); } fits_net_timeout(sec); #endif return(*status); } cfitsio-4.3.1/group.c0000644000225700000360000055233613717263734014000 0ustar cagordonlhea/* This file, group.c, contains the grouping convention suport routines. */ /* The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy */ /* Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA */ /* Goddard Space Flight Center. */ /* */ /* The group.c module of CFITSIO was written by Donald G. Jennings of */ /* the INTEGRAL Science Data Centre (ISDC) under NASA contract task */ /* 66002J6. The above copyright laws apply. Copyright guidelines of The */ /* University of Geneva might also apply. */ /* The following routines are designed to create, read, and manipulate */ /* FITS Grouping Tables as defined in the FITS Grouping Convention paper */ /* by Jennings, Pence, Folk and Schlesinger. The development of the */ /* grouping structure was partially funded under the NASA AISRP Program. */ #include "fitsio2.h" #include "group.h" #include #include #include #if defined(WIN32) || defined(__WIN32__) #include /* defines the getcwd function on Windows PCs */ #endif #if defined(unix) || defined(__unix__) || defined(__unix) || defined(HAVE_UNISTD_H) #include /* needed for getcwd prototype on unix machines */ #endif #define HEX_ESCAPE '%' /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------- Change record: D. Jennings, 18/06/98, version 1.0 of group module delivered to B. Pence for integration into CFITSIO 2.005 D. Jennings, 17/11/98, fixed bug in ffgtcpr(). Now use fits_find_nextkey() correctly and insert auxiliary keyword records directly before the TTYPE1 keyword in the copied group table. D. Jennings, 22/01/99, ffgmop() now looks for relative file paths when the MEMBER_LOCATION information is given in a grouping table. D. Jennings, 01/02/99, ffgtop() now looks for relatve file paths when the GRPLCn keyword value is supplied in the member HDU header. D. Jennings, 01/02/99, ffgtam() now trys to construct relative file paths from the member's file to the group table's file (and visa versa) when both the member's file and group table file are of access type FILE://. D. Jennings, 05/05/99, removed the ffgtcn() function; made obsolete by fits_get_url(). D. Jennings, 05/05/99, updated entire module to handle partial URLs and absolute URLs more robustly. Host dependent directory paths are now converted to true URLs before being read from/written to grouping tables. D. Jennings, 05/05/99, added the following new functions (note, none of these are directly callable by the application) int fits_path2url() int fits_url2path() int fits_get_cwd() int fits_get_url() int fits_clean_url() int fits_relurl2url() int fits_encode_url() int fits_unencode_url() int fits_is_url_absolute() -----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtcr(fitsfile *fptr, /* FITS file pointer */ char *grpname, /* name of the grouping table */ int grouptype, /* code specifying the type of grouping table information: GT_ID_ALL_URI 0 ==> defualt (all columns) GT_ID_REF 1 ==> ID by reference GT_ID_POS 2 ==> ID by position GT_ID_ALL 3 ==> ID by ref. and position GT_ID_REF_URI 11 ==> (1) + URI info GT_ID_POS_URI 12 ==> (2) + URI info */ int *status )/* return status code */ /* create a grouping table at the end of the current FITS file. This function makes the last HDU in the file the CHDU, then calls the fits_insert_group() function to actually create the new grouping table. */ { int hdutype; int hdunum; if(*status != 0) return(*status); *status = fits_get_num_hdus(fptr,&hdunum,status); /* If hdunum is 0 then we are at the beginning of the file and we actually haven't closed the first header yet, so don't do anything more */ if (0 != hdunum) { *status = fits_movabs_hdu(fptr,hdunum,&hdutype,status); } /* Now, the whole point of the above two fits_ calls was to get to the end of file. Let's ignore errors at this point and keep going since any error is likely to mean that we are already at the EOF, or the file is fatally corrupted. If we are at the EOF then the next fits_ call will be ok. If it's corrupted then the next call will fail, but that's not big deal at this point. */ if (0 != *status ) *status = 0; *status = fits_insert_group(fptr,grpname,grouptype,status); return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtis(fitsfile *fptr, /* FITS file pointer */ char *grpname, /* name of the grouping table */ int grouptype, /* code specifying the type of grouping table information: GT_ID_ALL_URI 0 ==> defualt (all columns) GT_ID_REF 1 ==> ID by reference GT_ID_POS 2 ==> ID by position GT_ID_ALL 3 ==> ID by ref. and position GT_ID_REF_URI 11 ==> (1) + URI info GT_ID_POS_URI 12 ==> (2) + URI info */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* insert a grouping table just after the current HDU of the current FITS file. This is the same as fits_create_group() only it allows the user to select the place within the FITS file to add the grouping table. */ { int tfields = 0; int hdunum = 0; int hdutype = 0; int extver; int i; long pcount = 0; char *ttype[6]; char *tform[6]; char ttypeBuff[102]; char tformBuff[54]; char extname[] = "GROUPING"; char keyword[FLEN_KEYWORD]; char keyvalue[FLEN_VALUE]; char comment[FLEN_COMMENT]; do { /* set up the ttype and tform character buffers */ for(i = 0; i < 6; ++i) { ttype[i] = ttypeBuff+(i*17); tform[i] = tformBuff+(i*9); } /* define the columns required according to the grouptype parameter */ *status = ffgtdc(grouptype,0,0,0,0,0,0,ttype,tform,&tfields,status); /* create the grouping table using the columns defined above */ *status = fits_insert_btbl(fptr,0,tfields,ttype,tform,NULL, NULL,pcount,status); if(*status != 0) continue; /* retrieve the hdu position of the new grouping table for future use */ fits_get_hdu_num(fptr,&hdunum); /* add the EXTNAME and EXTVER keywords to the HDU just after the TFIELDS keyword; for now the EXTVER value is set to 0, it will be set to the correct value later on */ fits_read_keyword(fptr,"TFIELDS",keyvalue,comment,status); fits_insert_key_str(fptr,"EXTNAME",extname, "HDU contains a Grouping Table",status); fits_insert_key_lng(fptr,"EXTVER",0,"Grouping Table vers. (this file)", status); /* if the grpname parameter value was defined (Non NULL and non zero length) then add the GRPNAME keyword and value */ if(grpname != NULL && strlen(grpname) > 0) fits_insert_key_str(fptr,"GRPNAME",grpname,"Grouping Table name", status); /* add the TNULL keywords and values for each integer column defined; integer null values are zero (0) for the MEMBER_POSITION and MEMBER_VERSION columns. */ for(i = 0; i < tfields && *status == 0; ++i) { if(fits_strcasecmp(ttype[i],"MEMBER_POSITION") == 0 || fits_strcasecmp(ttype[i],"MEMBER_VERSION") == 0) { snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"TFORM%d",i+1); *status = fits_read_key_str(fptr,keyword,keyvalue,comment, status); snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"TNULL%d",i+1); *status = fits_insert_key_lng(fptr,keyword,0,"Column Null Value", status); } } /* determine the correct EXTVER value for the new grouping table by finding the highest numbered grouping table EXTVER value the currently exists */ for(extver = 1; (fits_movnam_hdu(fptr,ANY_HDU,"GROUPING",extver,status)) == 0; ++extver); if(*status == BAD_HDU_NUM) *status = 0; /* move back to the new grouping table HDU and update the EXTVER keyword value */ fits_movabs_hdu(fptr,hdunum,&hdutype,status); fits_modify_key_lng(fptr,"EXTVER",extver,"&",status); }while(0); return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtch(fitsfile *gfptr, /* FITS pointer to group */ int grouptype, /* code specifying the type of grouping table information: GT_ID_ALL_URI 0 ==> defualt (all columns) GT_ID_REF 1 ==> ID by reference GT_ID_POS 2 ==> ID by position GT_ID_ALL 3 ==> ID by ref. and position GT_ID_REF_URI 11 ==> (1) + URI info GT_ID_POS_URI 12 ==> (2) + URI info */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* Change the grouping table structure of the grouping table pointed to by gfptr. The grouptype code specifies the new structure of the table. This operation only adds or removes grouping table columns, it does not add or delete group members (i.e., table rows). If the grouping table already has the desired structure then no operations are performed and function simply returns with a (0) success status code. If the requested structure change creates new grouping table columns, then the column values for all existing members will be filled with the appropriate null values. */ { int xtensionCol, extnameCol, extverCol, positionCol, locationCol, uriCol; int ncols = 0; int colnum = 0; int nrows = 0; int grptype = 0; int i,j; long intNull = 0; long tfields = 0; char *tform[6]; char *ttype[6]; unsigned char charNull[1] = {'\0'}; char ttypeBuff[102]; char tformBuff[54]; char keyword[FLEN_KEYWORD]; char keyvalue[FLEN_VALUE]; char comment[FLEN_COMMENT]; if(*status != 0) return(*status); do { /* set up the ttype and tform character buffers */ for(i = 0; i < 6; ++i) { ttype[i] = ttypeBuff+(i*17); tform[i] = tformBuff+(i*9); } /* retrieve positions of all Grouping table reserved columns */ *status = ffgtgc(gfptr,&xtensionCol,&extnameCol,&extverCol,&positionCol, &locationCol,&uriCol,&grptype,status); if(*status != 0) continue; /* determine the total number of grouping table columns */ *status = fits_read_key_lng(gfptr,"TFIELDS",&tfields,comment,status); /* define grouping table columns to be added to the configuration */ *status = ffgtdc(grouptype,xtensionCol,extnameCol,extverCol,positionCol, locationCol,uriCol,ttype,tform,&ncols,status); /* delete any grouping tables columns that exist but do not belong to new desired configuration; note that we delete before creating new columns for (file size) efficiency reasons */ switch(grouptype) { case GT_ID_ALL_URI: /* no columns to be deleted in this case */ break; case GT_ID_REF: if(positionCol != 0) { *status = fits_delete_col(gfptr,positionCol,status); --tfields; if(uriCol > positionCol) --uriCol; if(locationCol > positionCol) --locationCol; } if(uriCol != 0) { *status = fits_delete_col(gfptr,uriCol,status); --tfields; if(locationCol > uriCol) --locationCol; } if(locationCol != 0) *status = fits_delete_col(gfptr,locationCol,status); break; case GT_ID_POS: if(xtensionCol != 0) { *status = fits_delete_col(gfptr,xtensionCol,status); --tfields; if(extnameCol > xtensionCol) --extnameCol; if(extverCol > xtensionCol) --extverCol; if(uriCol > xtensionCol) --uriCol; if(locationCol > xtensionCol) --locationCol; } if(extnameCol != 0) { *status = fits_delete_col(gfptr,extnameCol,status); --tfields; if(extverCol > extnameCol) --extverCol; if(uriCol > extnameCol) --uriCol; if(locationCol > extnameCol) --locationCol; } if(extverCol != 0) { *status = fits_delete_col(gfptr,extverCol,status); --tfields; if(uriCol > extverCol) --uriCol; if(locationCol > extverCol) --locationCol; } if(uriCol != 0) { *status = fits_delete_col(gfptr,uriCol,status); --tfields; if(locationCol > uriCol) --locationCol; } if(locationCol != 0) { *status = fits_delete_col(gfptr,locationCol,status); --tfields; } break; case GT_ID_ALL: if(uriCol != 0) { *status = fits_delete_col(gfptr,uriCol,status); --tfields; if(locationCol > uriCol) --locationCol; } if(locationCol != 0) { *status = fits_delete_col(gfptr,locationCol,status); --tfields; } break; case GT_ID_REF_URI: if(positionCol != 0) { *status = fits_delete_col(gfptr,positionCol,status); --tfields; } break; case GT_ID_POS_URI: if(xtensionCol != 0) { *status = fits_delete_col(gfptr,xtensionCol,status); --tfields; if(extnameCol > xtensionCol) --extnameCol; if(extverCol > xtensionCol) --extverCol; } if(extnameCol != 0) { *status = fits_delete_col(gfptr,extnameCol,status); --tfields; if(extverCol > extnameCol) --extverCol; } if(extverCol != 0) { *status = fits_delete_col(gfptr,extverCol,status); --tfields; } break; default: *status = BAD_OPTION; ffpmsg("Invalid value for grouptype parameter specified (ffgtch)"); break; } /* add all the new grouping table columns that were not there previously but are called for by the grouptype parameter */ for(i = 0; i < ncols && *status == 0; ++i) *status = fits_insert_col(gfptr,tfields+i+1,ttype[i],tform[i],status); /* add the TNULL keywords and values for each new integer column defined; integer null values are zero (0) for the MEMBER_POSITION and MEMBER_VERSION columns. Insert a null ("/0") into each new string column defined: MEMBER_XTENSION, MEMBER_NAME, MEMBER_URI_TYPE and MEMBER_LOCATION. Note that by convention a null string is the TNULL value for character fields so no TNULL is required. */ for(i = 0; i < ncols && *status == 0; ++i) { if(fits_strcasecmp(ttype[i],"MEMBER_POSITION") == 0 || fits_strcasecmp(ttype[i],"MEMBER_VERSION") == 0) { /* col contains int data; set TNULL and insert 0 for each col */ *status = fits_get_colnum(gfptr,CASESEN,ttype[i],&colnum, status); snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"TFORM%d",colnum); *status = fits_read_key_str(gfptr,keyword,keyvalue,comment, status); snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"TNULL%d",colnum); *status = fits_insert_key_lng(gfptr,keyword,0, "Column Null Value",status); for(j = 1; j <= nrows && *status == 0; ++j) *status = fits_write_col_lng(gfptr,colnum,j,1,1,&intNull, status); } else if(fits_strcasecmp(ttype[i],"MEMBER_XTENSION") == 0 || fits_strcasecmp(ttype[i],"MEMBER_NAME") == 0 || fits_strcasecmp(ttype[i],"MEMBER_URI_TYPE") == 0 || fits_strcasecmp(ttype[i],"MEMBER_LOCATION") == 0) { /* new col contains character data; insert NULLs into each col */ *status = fits_get_colnum(gfptr,CASESEN,ttype[i],&colnum, status); for(j = 1; j <= nrows && *status == 0; ++j) /* WILL THIS WORK FOR VAR LENTH CHAR COLS??????*/ *status = fits_write_col_byt(gfptr,colnum,j,1,1,charNull, status); } } }while(0); return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtrm(fitsfile *gfptr, /* FITS file pointer to group */ int rmopt, /* code specifying if member elements are to be deleted: OPT_RM_GPT ==> remove only group table OPT_RM_ALL ==> recursively remove members and their members (if groups) */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* remove a grouping table, and optionally all its members. Any groups containing the grouping table are updated, and all members (if not deleted) have their GRPIDn and GRPLCn keywords updated accordingly. If the (deleted) members are members of another grouping table then those tables are also updated. The CHDU of the FITS file pointed to by gfptr must be positioned to the grouping table to be deleted. */ { int hdutype; long i; long nmembers = 0; HDUtracker HDU; if(*status != 0) return(*status); /* remove the grouping table depending upon the rmopt parameter */ switch(rmopt) { case OPT_RM_GPT: /* for this option, the grouping table is deleted, but the member HDUs remain; in this case we only have to remove each member from the grouping table by calling fits_remove_member() with the OPT_RM_ENTRY option */ /* get the number of members contained by this table */ *status = fits_get_num_members(gfptr,&nmembers,status); /* loop over all grouping table members and remove them */ for(i = nmembers; i > 0 && *status == 0; --i) *status = fits_remove_member(gfptr,i,OPT_RM_ENTRY,status); break; case OPT_RM_ALL: /* for this option the entire Group is deleted -- this includes all members and their members (if grouping tables themselves). Call the recursive form of this function to perform the removal. */ /* add the current grouping table to the HDUtracker struct */ HDU.nHDU = 0; *status = fftsad(gfptr,&HDU,NULL,NULL); /* call the recursive group remove function */ *status = ffgtrmr(gfptr,&HDU,status); /* free the memory allocated to the HDUtracker struct */ for(i = 0; i < HDU.nHDU; ++i) { free(HDU.filename[i]); free(HDU.newFilename[i]); } break; default: *status = BAD_OPTION; ffpmsg("Invalid value for the rmopt parameter specified (ffgtrm)"); break; } /* if all went well then unlink and delete the grouping table HDU */ *status = ffgmul(gfptr,0,status); *status = fits_delete_hdu(gfptr,&hdutype,status); return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtcp(fitsfile *infptr, /* input FITS file pointer */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* output FITS file pointer */ int cpopt, /* code specifying copy options: OPT_GCP_GPT (0) ==> copy only grouping table OPT_GCP_ALL (2) ==> recusrively copy members and their members (if groups) */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* copy a grouping table, and optionally all its members, to a new FITS file. If the cpopt is set to OPT_GCP_GPT (copy grouping table only) then the existing members have their GRPIDn and GRPLCn keywords updated to reflect the existance of the new group, since they now belong to another group. If cpopt is set to OPT_GCP_ALL (copy grouping table and members recursively) then the original members are not updated; the new grouping table is modified to include only the copied member HDUs and not the original members. Note that the recursive version of this function, ffgtcpr(), is called to perform the group table copy. In the case of cpopt == OPT_GCP_GPT ffgtcpr() does not actually use recursion. */ { int i; HDUtracker HDU; if(*status != 0) return(*status); /* make sure infptr and outfptr are not the same pointer */ if(infptr == outfptr) *status = IDENTICAL_POINTERS; else { /* initialize the HDUtracker struct */ HDU.nHDU = 0; *status = fftsad(infptr,&HDU,NULL,NULL); /* call the recursive form of this function to copy the grouping table. If the cpopt is OPT_GCP_GPT then there is actually no recursion performed */ *status = ffgtcpr(infptr,outfptr,cpopt,&HDU,status); /* free memory allocated for the HDUtracker struct */ for(i = 0; i < HDU.nHDU; ++i) { free(HDU.filename[i]); free(HDU.newFilename[i]); } } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtmg(fitsfile *infptr, /* FITS file ptr to source grouping table */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* FITS file ptr to target grouping table */ int mgopt, /* code specifying merge options: OPT_MRG_COPY (0) ==> copy members to target group, leaving source group in place OPT_MRG_MOV (1) ==> move members to target group, source group is deleted after merge */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* merge two grouping tables by combining their members into a single table. The source grouping table must be the CHDU of the fitsfile pointed to by infptr, and the target grouping table must be the CHDU of the fitsfile to by outfptr. All members of the source grouping table shall be copied to the target grouping table. If the mgopt parameter is OPT_MRG_COPY then the source grouping table continues to exist after the merge. If the mgopt parameter is OPT_MRG_MOV then the source grouping table is deleted after the merge, and all member HDUs are updated accordingly. */ { long i ; long nmembers = 0; fitsfile *tmpfptr = NULL; if(*status != 0) return(*status); do { *status = fits_get_num_members(infptr,&nmembers,status); for(i = 1; i <= nmembers && *status == 0; ++i) { *status = fits_open_member(infptr,i,&tmpfptr,status); *status = fits_add_group_member(outfptr,tmpfptr,0,status); if(*status == HDU_ALREADY_MEMBER) *status = 0; if(tmpfptr != NULL) { fits_close_file(tmpfptr,status); tmpfptr = NULL; } } if(*status != 0) continue; if(mgopt == OPT_MRG_MOV) *status = fits_remove_group(infptr,OPT_RM_GPT,status); }while(0); if(tmpfptr != NULL) { fits_close_file(tmpfptr,status); } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtcm(fitsfile *gfptr, /* FITS file pointer to grouping table */ int cmopt, /* code specifying compact options OPT_CMT_MBR (1) ==> compact only direct members (if groups) OPT_CMT_MBR_DEL (11) ==> (1) + delete all compacted groups */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* "Compact" a group pointed to by the FITS file pointer gfptr. This is achieved by flattening the tree structure of a group and its (grouping table) members. All members HDUs of a grouping table which is itself a member of the grouping table gfptr are added to gfptr. Optionally, the grouping tables which are "compacted" are deleted. If the grouping table contains no members that are themselves grouping tables then this function performs a NOOP. */ { long i; long nmembers = 0; char keyvalue[FLEN_VALUE]; char comment[FLEN_COMMENT]; fitsfile *mfptr = NULL; if(*status != 0) return(*status); do { if(cmopt != OPT_CMT_MBR && cmopt != OPT_CMT_MBR_DEL) { *status = BAD_OPTION; ffpmsg("Invalid value for cmopt parameter specified (ffgtcm)"); continue; } /* reteive the number of grouping table members */ *status = fits_get_num_members(gfptr,&nmembers,status); /* loop over all the grouping table members; if the member is a grouping table then merge its members with the parent grouping table */ for(i = 1; i <= nmembers && *status == 0; ++i) { *status = fits_open_member(gfptr,i,&mfptr,status); if(*status != 0) continue; *status = fits_read_key_str(mfptr,"EXTNAME",keyvalue,comment,status); /* if no EXTNAME keyword then cannot be a grouping table */ if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { *status = 0; continue; } prepare_keyvalue(keyvalue); if(*status != 0) continue; /* if EXTNAME == "GROUPING" then process member as grouping table */ if(fits_strcasecmp(keyvalue,"GROUPING") == 0) { /* merge the member (grouping table) into the grouping table */ *status = fits_merge_groups(mfptr,gfptr,OPT_MRG_COPY,status); *status = fits_close_file(mfptr,status); mfptr = NULL; /* remove the member from the grouping table now that all of its members have been transferred; if cmopt is set to OPT_CMT_MBR_DEL then remove and delete the member */ if(cmopt == OPT_CMT_MBR) *status = fits_remove_member(gfptr,i,OPT_RM_ENTRY,status); else *status = fits_remove_member(gfptr,i,OPT_RM_MBR,status); } else { /* not a grouping table; just close the opened member */ *status = fits_close_file(mfptr,status); mfptr = NULL; } } }while(0); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtvf(fitsfile *gfptr, /* FITS file pointer to group */ long *firstfailed, /* Member ID (if positive) of first failed member HDU verify check or GRPID index (if negitive) of first failed group link verify check. */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* check the integrity of a grouping table to make sure that all group members are accessible and all the links to other grouping tables are valid. The firstfailed parameter returns the member ID of the first member HDU to fail verification if positive or the first group link to fail if negative; otherwise firstfailed contains a return value of 0. */ { long i; long nmembers = 0; long ngroups = 0; char errstr[FLEN_VALUE]; fitsfile *fptr = NULL; if(*status != 0) return(*status); *firstfailed = 0; do { /* attempt to open all the members of the grouping table. We stop at the first member which cannot be opened (which implies that it cannot be located) */ *status = fits_get_num_members(gfptr,&nmembers,status); for(i = 1; i <= nmembers && *status == 0; ++i) { *status = fits_open_member(gfptr,i,&fptr,status); fits_close_file(fptr,status); } /* if the status is non-zero from the above loop then record the member index that caused the error */ if(*status != 0) { *firstfailed = i; snprintf(errstr,FLEN_VALUE,"Group table verify failed for member %ld (ffgtvf)", i); ffpmsg(errstr); continue; } /* attempt to open all the groups linked to this grouping table. We stop at the first group which cannot be opened (which implies that it cannot be located) */ *status = fits_get_num_groups(gfptr,&ngroups,status); for(i = 1; i <= ngroups && *status == 0; ++i) { *status = fits_open_group(gfptr,i,&fptr,status); fits_close_file(fptr,status); } /* if the status from the above loop is non-zero, then record the GRPIDn index of the group that caused the failure */ if(*status != 0) { *firstfailed = -1*i; snprintf(errstr,FLEN_VALUE, "Group table verify failed for GRPID index %ld (ffgtvf)",i); ffpmsg(errstr); continue; } }while(0); return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtop(fitsfile *mfptr, /* FITS file pointer to the member HDU */ int grpid, /* group ID (GRPIDn index) within member HDU */ fitsfile **gfptr, /* FITS file pointer to grouping table HDU */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* open the grouping table that contains the member HDU. The member HDU must be the CHDU of the FITS file pointed to by mfptr, and the grouping table is identified by the Nth index number of the GRPIDn keywords specified in the member HDU's header. The fitsfile gfptr pointer is positioned with the appropriate FITS file with the grouping table as the CHDU. If the group grouping table resides in a file other than the member then an attempt is first made to open the file readwrite, and failing that readonly. Note that it is possible for the GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords in a member header to be non-continuous, e.g., GRPID1, GRPID2, GRPID5, GRPID6. In such cases, the grpid index value specified in the function call shall identify the (grpid)th GRPID value. In the above example, if grpid == 3, then the group specified by GRPID5 would be opened. */ { int i; int found; long ngroups = 0; long grpExtver = 0; char keyword[FLEN_KEYWORD]; char keyvalue[FLEN_FILENAME]; char *tkeyvalue; char location[FLEN_FILENAME]; char location1[FLEN_FILENAME]; char location2[FLEN_FILENAME]; char comment[FLEN_COMMENT]; char *url[2]; if(*status != 0) return(*status); do { /* set the grouping table pointer to NULL for error checking later */ *gfptr = NULL; /* make sure that the group ID requested is valid ==> cannot be larger than the number of GRPIDn keywords in the member HDU header */ *status = fits_get_num_groups(mfptr,&ngroups,status); if(grpid > ngroups) { *status = BAD_GROUP_ID; snprintf(comment,FLEN_COMMENT, "GRPID index %d larger total GRPID keywords %ld (ffgtop)", grpid,ngroups); ffpmsg(comment); continue; } /* find the (grpid)th group that the member HDU belongs to and read the value of the GRPID(grpid) keyword; fits_get_num_groups() automatically re-enumerates the GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords to fill in any gaps */ snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPID%d",grpid); *status = fits_read_key_lng(mfptr,keyword,&grpExtver,comment,status); if(*status != 0) continue; /* if the value of the GRPIDn keyword is positive then the member is in the same FITS file as the grouping table and we only have to reopen the current FITS file. Else the member and grouping table HDUs reside in different files and another FITS file must be opened as specified by the corresponding GRPLCn keyword The DO WHILE loop only executes once and is used to control the file opening logic. */ do { if(grpExtver > 0) { /* the member resides in the same file as the grouping table, so just reopen the grouping table file */ *status = fits_reopen_file(mfptr,gfptr,status); continue; } else if(grpExtver == 0) { /* a GRPIDn value of zero (0) is undefined */ *status = BAD_GROUP_ID; snprintf(comment,FLEN_COMMENT,"Invalid value of %ld for GRPID%d (ffgtop)", grpExtver,grpid); ffpmsg(comment); continue; } /* The GRPLCn keyword value is negative, which implies that the grouping table must reside in another FITS file; search for the corresponding GRPLCn keyword */ /* set the grpExtver value positive */ grpExtver = -1*grpExtver; /* read the GRPLCn keyword value */ snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPLC%d",grpid); /* SPR 1738 */ *status = fits_read_key_longstr(mfptr,keyword,&tkeyvalue,comment, status); if (0 == *status) { strcpy(keyvalue,tkeyvalue); free(tkeyvalue); } /* if the GRPLCn keyword was not found then there is a problem */ if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { *status = BAD_GROUP_ID; snprintf(comment,FLEN_COMMENT,"Cannot find GRPLC%d keyword (ffgtop)", grpid); ffpmsg(comment); continue; } prepare_keyvalue(keyvalue); /* if the GRPLCn keyword value specifies an absolute URL then try to open the file; we cannot attempt any relative URL or host-dependent file path reconstruction */ if(fits_is_url_absolute(keyvalue)) { ffpmsg("Try to open group table file as absolute URL (ffgtop)"); *status = fits_open_file(gfptr,keyvalue,READWRITE,status); /* if the open was successful then continue */ if(*status == 0) continue; /* if READWRITE failed then try opening it READONLY */ ffpmsg("OK, try open group table file as READONLY (ffgtop)"); *status = 0; *status = fits_open_file(gfptr,keyvalue,READONLY,status); /* continue regardless of the outcome */ continue; } /* see if the URL gives a file path that is absolute on the host machine */ *status = fits_url2path(keyvalue,location1,status); *status = fits_open_file(gfptr,location1,READWRITE,status); /* if the file opened then continue */ if(*status == 0) continue; /* if READWRITE failed then try opening it READONLY */ ffpmsg("OK, try open group table file as READONLY (ffgtop)"); *status = 0; *status = fits_open_file(gfptr,location1,READONLY,status); /* if the file opened then continue */ if(*status == 0) continue; /* the grouping table location given by GRPLCn must specify a relative URL. We assume that this URL is relative to the member HDU's FITS file. Try to construct a full URL location for the grouping table's FITS file and then open it */ *status = 0; /* retrieve the URL information for the member HDU's file */ url[0] = location1; url[1] = location2; *status = fits_get_url(mfptr,url[0],url[1],NULL,NULL,NULL,status); /* It is possible that the member HDU file has an initial URL it was opened with and a real URL that the file actually exists at (e.g., an HTTP accessed file copied to a local file). For each possible URL try to construct a */ for(i = 0, found = 0, *gfptr = NULL; i < 2 && !found; ++i) { /* the url string could be empty */ if(*url[i] == 0) continue; /* create a full URL from the partial and the member HDU file URL */ *status = fits_relurl2url(url[i],keyvalue,location,status); /* if an error occured then contniue */ if(*status != 0) { *status = 0; continue; } /* if the location does not specify an access method then turn it into a host dependent path */ if(! fits_is_url_absolute(location)) { *status = fits_url2path(location,url[i],status); strcpy(location,url[i]); } /* try to open the grouping table file READWRITE */ *status = fits_open_file(gfptr,location,READWRITE,status); if(*status != 0) { /* try to open the grouping table file READONLY */ ffpmsg("opening file as READWRITE failed (ffgtop)"); ffpmsg("OK, try to open file as READONLY (ffgtop)"); *status = 0; *status = fits_open_file(gfptr,location,READONLY,status); } /* either set the found flag or reset the status flag */ if(*status == 0) found = 1; else *status = 0; } }while(0); /* end of file opening loop */ /* if an error occured with the file opening then exit */ if(*status != 0) continue; if(*gfptr == NULL) { ffpmsg("Cannot open or find grouping table FITS file (ffgtop)"); *status = GROUP_NOT_FOUND; continue; } /* search for the grouping table in its FITS file */ *status = fits_movnam_hdu(*gfptr,ANY_HDU,"GROUPING",(int)grpExtver, status); if(*status != 0) *status = GROUP_NOT_FOUND; }while(0); if(*status != 0 && *gfptr != NULL) { fits_close_file(*gfptr,status); *gfptr = NULL; } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtam(fitsfile *gfptr, /* FITS file pointer to grouping table HDU */ fitsfile *mfptr, /* FITS file pointer to member HDU */ int hdupos, /* member HDU position IF in the same file as the grouping table AND mfptr == NULL */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* add a member HDU to an existing grouping table. The fitsfile pointer gfptr must be positioned with the grouping table as the CHDU. The member HDU may either be identifed with the fitsfile *mfptr (which must be positioned to the member HDU) or the hdupos parameter (the HDU number of the member HDU) if both reside in the same FITS file. The hdupos value is only used if the mfptr parameter has a value of NULL (0). The new member HDU shall have the appropriate GRPIDn and GRPLCn keywords created in its header. Note that if the member HDU to be added to the grouping table is already a member of the group then it will not be added a sceond time. */ { int xtensionCol,extnameCol,extverCol,positionCol,locationCol,uriCol; int memberPosition = 0; int grptype = 0; int hdutype = 0; int useLocation = 0; int nkeys = 6; int found; int i; int memberIOstate; int groupIOstate; int iomode; long memberExtver = 0; long groupExtver = 0; long memberID = 0; long nmembers = 0; long ngroups = 0; long grpid = 0; char memberAccess1[FLEN_VALUE]; char memberAccess2[FLEN_VALUE]; char memberFileName[FLEN_FILENAME]; char memberLocation[FLEN_FILENAME]; char grplc[FLEN_FILENAME]; char *tgrplc; char memberHDUtype[FLEN_VALUE]; char memberExtname[FLEN_VALUE]; char memberURI[] = "URL"; char groupAccess1[FLEN_VALUE]; char groupAccess2[FLEN_VALUE]; char groupFileName[FLEN_FILENAME]; char groupLocation[FLEN_FILENAME]; char tmprootname[FLEN_FILENAME], grootname[FLEN_FILENAME]; char cwd[FLEN_FILENAME]; char *keys[] = {"GRPNAME","EXTVER","EXTNAME","TFIELDS","GCOUNT","EXTEND"}; char *tmpPtr[1]; char keyword[FLEN_KEYWORD]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; unsigned char charNull[] = {'\0'}; fitsfile *tmpfptr = NULL; int parentStatus = 0; if(*status != 0) return(*status); do { /* make sure the grouping table can be modified before proceeding */ fits_file_mode(gfptr,&iomode,status); if(iomode != READWRITE) { ffpmsg("cannot modify grouping table (ffgtam)"); *status = BAD_GROUP_ATTACH; continue; } /* if the calling function supplied the HDU position of the member HDU instead of fitsfile pointer then get a fitsfile pointer */ if(mfptr == NULL) { *status = fits_reopen_file(gfptr,&tmpfptr,status); *status = fits_movabs_hdu(tmpfptr,hdupos,&hdutype,status); if(*status != 0) continue; } else tmpfptr = mfptr; /* determine all the information about the member HDU that will be needed later; note that we establish the default values for all information values that are not explicitly found */ *status = fits_read_key_str(tmpfptr,"XTENSION",memberHDUtype,card, status); if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { strcpy(memberHDUtype,"PRIMARY"); *status = 0; } prepare_keyvalue(memberHDUtype); *status = fits_read_key_lng(tmpfptr,"EXTVER",&memberExtver,card,status); if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { memberExtver = 1; *status = 0; } *status = fits_read_key_str(tmpfptr,"EXTNAME",memberExtname,card, status); if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { memberExtname[0] = 0; *status = 0; } prepare_keyvalue(memberExtname); fits_get_hdu_num(tmpfptr,&memberPosition); /* Determine if the member HDU's FITS file location needs to be taken into account when building its grouping table reference If the member location needs to be used (==> grouping table and member HDU reside in different files) then create an appropriate URL for the member HDU's file and grouping table's file. Note that the logic for this is rather complicated */ /* SPR 3463, don't do this if(tmpfptr->Fptr == gfptr->Fptr) { */ /* member HDU and grouping table reside in the same file, no need to use the location information */ /* printf ("same file\n"); useLocation = 0; memberIOstate = 1; *memberFileName = 0; } else { */ /* the member HDU and grouping table FITS file location information must be used. First determine the correct driver and file name for the group table and member HDU files. If either are disk files then construct an absolute file path for them. Finally, if both are disk files construct relative file paths from the group(member) file to the member(group) file. */ /* set the USELOCATION flag to true */ useLocation = 1; /* get the location, access type and iostate (RO, RW) of the member HDU file */ *status = fits_get_url(tmpfptr,memberFileName,memberLocation, memberAccess1,memberAccess2,&memberIOstate, status); /* if the memberFileName string is empty then use the values of the memberLocation string. This corresponds to a file where the "real" file is a temporary memory file, and we must assume the the application really wants the original file to be the group member */ if(strlen(memberFileName) == 0) { strcpy(memberFileName,memberLocation); strcpy(memberAccess1,memberAccess2); } /* get the location, access type and iostate (RO, RW) of the grouping table file */ *status = fits_get_url(gfptr,groupFileName,groupLocation, groupAccess1,groupAccess2,&groupIOstate, status); if(*status != 0) continue; /* the grouping table file must be writable to continue */ if(groupIOstate == 0) { ffpmsg("cannot modify grouping table (ffgtam)"); *status = BAD_GROUP_ATTACH; continue; } /* determine how to construct the resulting URLs for the member and group files */ if(fits_strcasecmp(groupAccess1,"file://") && fits_strcasecmp(memberAccess1,"file://")) { *cwd = 0; /* nothing to do in this case; both the member and group files must be of an access type that already gives valid URLs; i.e., URLs that we can pass directly to the file drivers */ } else { /* retrieve the Current Working Directory as a Unix-like URL standard string */ *status = fits_get_cwd(cwd,status); /* create full file path for the member HDU FITS file URL if it is of access type file:// */ if(fits_strcasecmp(memberAccess1,"file://") == 0) { if(*memberFileName == '/') { strcpy(memberLocation,memberFileName); } else { strcpy(memberLocation,cwd); if (strlen(memberLocation)+strlen(memberFileName)+1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("member path and filename is too long (ffgtam)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcat(memberLocation,"/"); strcat(memberLocation,memberFileName); } *status = fits_clean_url(memberLocation,memberFileName, status); } /* create full file path for the grouping table HDU FITS file URL if it is of access type file:// */ if(fits_strcasecmp(groupAccess1,"file://") == 0) { if(*groupFileName == '/') { strcpy(groupLocation,groupFileName); } else { strcpy(groupLocation,cwd); if (strlen(groupLocation)+strlen(groupFileName)+1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("group path and filename is too long (ffgtam)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcat(groupLocation,"/"); strcat(groupLocation,groupFileName); } *status = fits_clean_url(groupLocation,groupFileName,status); } /* if both the member and group files are disk files then create a relative path (relative URL) strings with respect to the grouping table's file and the grouping table's file with respect to the member HDU's file */ if(fits_strcasecmp(groupAccess1,"file://") == 0 && fits_strcasecmp(memberAccess1,"file://") == 0) { fits_url2relurl(memberFileName,groupFileName, groupLocation,status); fits_url2relurl(groupFileName,memberFileName, memberLocation,status); /* copy the resulting partial URL strings to the memberFileName and groupFileName variables for latter use in the function */ strcpy(memberFileName,memberLocation); strcpy(groupFileName,groupLocation); } } /* beo done */ /* } */ /* retrieve the grouping table's EXTVER value */ *status = fits_read_key_lng(gfptr,"EXTVER",&groupExtver,card,status); /* if useLocation is true then make the group EXTVER value negative for the subsequent GRPIDn/GRPLCn matching */ /* SPR 3463 change test; WDP added test for same filename */ /* Now, if either the Fptr values are the same, or the root filenames are the same, then assume these refer to the same file. */ fits_parse_rootname(tmpfptr->Fptr->filename, tmprootname, status); fits_parse_rootname(gfptr->Fptr->filename, grootname, status); if((tmpfptr->Fptr != gfptr->Fptr) && strncmp(tmprootname, grootname, FLEN_FILENAME)) groupExtver = -1*groupExtver; /* retrieve the number of group members */ *status = fits_get_num_members(gfptr,&nmembers,status); do { /* make sure the member HDU is not already an entry in the grouping table before adding it */ *status = ffgmf(gfptr,memberHDUtype,memberExtname,memberExtver, memberPosition,memberFileName,&memberID,status); if(*status == MEMBER_NOT_FOUND) *status = 0; else if(*status == 0) { parentStatus = HDU_ALREADY_MEMBER; ffpmsg("Specified HDU is already a member of the Grouping table (ffgtam)"); continue; } else continue; /* if the member HDU is not already recorded in the grouping table then add it */ /* add a new row to the grouping table */ *status = fits_insert_rows(gfptr,nmembers,1,status); ++nmembers; /* retrieve the grouping table column IDs and structure type */ *status = ffgtgc(gfptr,&xtensionCol,&extnameCol,&extverCol,&positionCol, &locationCol,&uriCol,&grptype,status); /* fill in the member HDU data in the new grouping table row */ *tmpPtr = memberHDUtype; if(xtensionCol != 0) fits_write_col_str(gfptr,xtensionCol,nmembers,1,1,tmpPtr,status); *tmpPtr = memberExtname; if(extnameCol != 0) { if(strlen(memberExtname) != 0) fits_write_col_str(gfptr,extnameCol,nmembers,1,1,tmpPtr,status); else /* WILL THIS WORK FOR VAR LENTH CHAR COLS??????*/ fits_write_col_byt(gfptr,extnameCol,nmembers,1,1,charNull,status); } if(extverCol != 0) fits_write_col_lng(gfptr,extverCol,nmembers,1,1,&memberExtver, status); if(positionCol != 0) fits_write_col_int(gfptr,positionCol,nmembers,1,1, &memberPosition,status); *tmpPtr = memberFileName; if(locationCol != 0) { /* Change the test for SPR 3463 */ /* Now, if either the Fptr values are the same, or the root filenames are the same, then assume these refer to the same file. */ fits_parse_rootname(tmpfptr->Fptr->filename, tmprootname, status); fits_parse_rootname(gfptr->Fptr->filename, grootname, status); if((tmpfptr->Fptr != gfptr->Fptr) && strncmp(tmprootname, grootname, FLEN_FILENAME)) fits_write_col_str(gfptr,locationCol,nmembers,1,1,tmpPtr,status); else /* WILL THIS WORK FOR VAR LENTH CHAR COLS??????*/ fits_write_col_byt(gfptr,locationCol,nmembers,1,1,charNull,status); } *tmpPtr = memberURI; if(uriCol != 0) { /* Change the test for SPR 3463 */ /* Now, if either the Fptr values are the same, or the root filenames are the same, then assume these refer to the same file. */ fits_parse_rootname(tmpfptr->Fptr->filename, tmprootname, status); fits_parse_rootname(gfptr->Fptr->filename, grootname, status); if((tmpfptr->Fptr != gfptr->Fptr) && strncmp(tmprootname, grootname, FLEN_FILENAME)) fits_write_col_str(gfptr,uriCol,nmembers,1,1,tmpPtr,status); else /* WILL THIS WORK FOR VAR LENTH CHAR COLS??????*/ fits_write_col_byt(gfptr,uriCol,nmembers,1,1,charNull,status); } } while(0); if(0 != *status) continue; /* add GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords to the member HDU header to link it to the grouing table if the they do not already exist and the member file is RW */ fits_file_mode(tmpfptr,&iomode,status); if(memberIOstate == 0 || iomode != READWRITE) { ffpmsg("cannot add GRPID/LC keywords to member HDU: (ffgtam)"); ffpmsg(memberFileName); continue; } *status = fits_get_num_groups(tmpfptr,&ngroups,status); /* look for the GRPID/LC keywords in the member HDU; if the keywords for the back-link to the grouping table already exist then no need to add them again */ for(i = 1, found = 0; i <= ngroups && !found && *status == 0; ++i) { snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPID%d",(int)ngroups); *status = fits_read_key_lng(tmpfptr,keyword,&grpid,card,status); if(grpid == groupExtver) { if(grpid < 0) { /* have to make sure the GRPLCn keyword matches too */ snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPLC%d",(int)ngroups); /* SPR 1738 */ *status = fits_read_key_longstr(mfptr,keyword,&tgrplc,card, status); if (0 == *status) { strcpy(grplc,tgrplc); free(tgrplc); } /* always compare files using absolute paths the presence of a non-empty cwd indicates that the file names may require conversion to absolute paths */ if(0 < strlen(cwd)) { /* temp buffer for use in assembling abs. path(s) */ char tmp[FLEN_FILENAME]; /* make grplc absolute if necessary */ if(!fits_is_url_absolute(grplc)) { fits_path2url(grplc,FLEN_FILENAME,groupLocation,status); if(groupLocation[0] != '/') { strcpy(tmp, cwd); if (strlen(tmp)+strlen(groupLocation)+1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("path and group location is too long (ffgtam)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcat(tmp,"/"); strcat(tmp,groupLocation); fits_clean_url(tmp,grplc,status); } } /* make groupFileName absolute if necessary */ if(!fits_is_url_absolute(groupFileName)) { fits_path2url(groupFileName,FLEN_FILENAME,groupLocation,status); if(groupLocation[0] != '/') { strcpy(tmp, cwd); if (strlen(tmp)+strlen(groupLocation)+1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("path and group location is too long (ffgtam)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcat(tmp,"/"); strcat(tmp,groupLocation); /* note: use groupLocation (which is not used below this block), to store the absolute file name instead of using groupFileName. The latter may be needed unaltered if the GRPLC is written below */ fits_clean_url(tmp,groupLocation,status); } } } /* see if the grplc value and the group file name match */ if(strcmp(grplc,groupLocation) == 0) found = 1; } else { /* the match is found with GRPIDn alone */ found = 1; } } } /* if FOUND is true then no need to continue */ if(found) { ffpmsg("HDU already has GRPID/LC keywords for group table (ffgtam)"); continue; } /* add the GRPID/LC keywords to the member header for this grouping table If NGROUPS == 0 then we must position the header pointer to the record where we want to insert the GRPID/LC keywords (the pointer is already correctly positioned if the above search loop activiated) */ if(ngroups == 0) { /* no GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords currently exist in header so try to position the header pointer to a desirable position */ for(i = 0, *status = KEY_NO_EXIST; i < nkeys && *status == KEY_NO_EXIST; ++i) { *status = 0; *status = fits_read_card(tmpfptr,keys[i],card,status); } /* all else fails: move write pointer to end of header */ if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { *status = 0; fits_get_hdrspace(tmpfptr,&nkeys,&i,status); ffgrec(tmpfptr,nkeys,card,status); } /* any other error status then abort */ if(*status != 0) continue; } /* now that the header pointer is positioned for the GRPID/LC keyword insertion increment the number of group links counter for the member HDU */ ++ngroups; /* if the member HDU and grouping table reside in the same FITS file then there is no need to add a GRPLCn keyword */ /* SPR 3463 change test */ /* Now, if either the Fptr values are the same, or the root filenames are the same, then assume these refer to the same file. */ fits_parse_rootname(tmpfptr->Fptr->filename, tmprootname, status); fits_parse_rootname(gfptr->Fptr->filename, grootname, status); if((tmpfptr->Fptr == gfptr->Fptr) || strncmp(tmprootname, grootname, FLEN_FILENAME) == 0) { /* add the GRPIDn keyword only */ snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPID%d",(int)ngroups); fits_insert_key_lng(tmpfptr,keyword,groupExtver, "EXTVER of Group containing this HDU",status); } else { /* add the GRPIDn and GRPLCn keywords */ snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPID%d",(int)ngroups); fits_insert_key_lng(tmpfptr,keyword,groupExtver, "EXTVER of Group containing this HDU",status); snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPLC%d",(int)ngroups); /* SPR 1738 */ fits_insert_key_longstr(tmpfptr,keyword,groupFileName, "URL of file containing Group",status); fits_write_key_longwarn(tmpfptr,status); } }while(0); /* close the tmpfptr pointer if it was opened in this function */ if(mfptr == NULL) { *status = fits_close_file(tmpfptr,status); } *status = 0 == *status ? parentStatus : *status; return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtnm(fitsfile *gfptr, /* FITS file pointer to grouping table */ long *nmembers, /* member count of the groping table */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* return the number of member HDUs in a grouping table. The fitsfile pointer gfptr must be positioned with the grouping table as the CHDU. The number of grouping table member HDUs is just the NAXIS2 value of the grouping table. */ { char keyvalue[FLEN_VALUE]; char comment[FLEN_COMMENT]; if(*status != 0) return(*status); *status = fits_read_keyword(gfptr,"EXTNAME",keyvalue,comment,status); if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) *status = NOT_GROUP_TABLE; else { prepare_keyvalue(keyvalue); if(fits_strcasecmp(keyvalue,"GROUPING") != 0) { *status = NOT_GROUP_TABLE; ffpmsg("Specified HDU is not a Grouping table (ffgtnm)"); } *status = fits_read_key_lng(gfptr,"NAXIS2",nmembers,comment,status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgmng(fitsfile *mfptr, /* FITS file pointer to member HDU */ long *ngroups, /* total number of groups linked to HDU */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* return the number of groups to which a HDU belongs, as defined by the number of GRPIDn/GRPLCn keyword records that appear in the HDU header. The fitsfile pointer mfptr must be positioned with the member HDU as the CHDU. Each time this function is called, the indicies of the GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords are checked to make sure they are continuous (ie no gaps) and are re-enumerated to eliminate gaps if gaps are found to be present. */ { int offset; int index; int newIndex; int i; long grpid; char *inclist[] = {"GRPID#"}; char keyword[FLEN_KEYWORD]; char newKeyword[FLEN_KEYWORD]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; char comment[FLEN_COMMENT]; char *tkeyvalue; if(*status != 0) return(*status); *ngroups = 0; /* reset the member HDU keyword counter to the beginning */ *status = ffgrec(mfptr,0,card,status); /* search for the number of GRPIDn keywords in the member HDU header and count them with the ngroups variable */ while(*status == 0) { /* read the next GRPIDn keyword in the series */ *status = fits_find_nextkey(mfptr,inclist,1,NULL,0,card,status); if(*status != 0) continue; ++(*ngroups); } if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) *status = 0; /* read each GRPIDn/GRPLCn keyword and adjust their index values so that there are no gaps in the index count */ for(index = 1, offset = 0, i = 1; i <= *ngroups && *status == 0; ++index) { snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPID%d",index); /* try to read the next GRPIDn keyword in the series */ *status = fits_read_key_lng(mfptr,keyword,&grpid,card,status); /* if not found then increment the offset counter and continue */ if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { *status = 0; ++offset; } else { /* increment the number_keys_found counter and see if the index of the keyword needs to be updated */ ++i; if(offset > 0) { /* compute the new index for the GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords */ newIndex = index - offset; /* update the GRPIDn keyword index */ snprintf(newKeyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPID%d",newIndex); fits_modify_name(mfptr,keyword,newKeyword,status); /* If present, update the GRPLCn keyword index */ snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPLC%d",index); snprintf(newKeyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPLC%d",newIndex); /* SPR 1738 */ *status = fits_read_key_longstr(mfptr,keyword,&tkeyvalue,comment, status); if (0 == *status) { fits_delete_key(mfptr,keyword,status); fits_insert_key_longstr(mfptr,newKeyword,tkeyvalue,comment,status); fits_write_key_longwarn(mfptr,status); free(tkeyvalue); } if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) *status = 0; } } } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgmop(fitsfile *gfptr, /* FITS file pointer to grouping table */ long member, /* member ID (row num) within grouping table */ fitsfile **mfptr, /* FITS file pointer to member HDU */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* open a grouping table member, returning a pointer to the member's FITS file with the CHDU set to the member HDU. The grouping table must be the CHDU of the FITS file pointed to by gfptr. The member to open is identified by its row number within the grouping table (first row/member == 1). If the member resides in a FITS file different from the grouping table the member file is first opened readwrite and if this fails then it is opened readonly. For access type of FILE:// the member file is searched for assuming (1) an absolute path is given, (2) a path relative to the CWD is given, and (3) a path relative to the grouping table file but not relative to the CWD is given. If all of these fail then the error FILE_NOT_FOUND is returned. */ { int xtensionCol,extnameCol,extverCol,positionCol,locationCol,uriCol; int grptype,hdutype; int dummy; long hdupos = 0; long extver = 0; char xtension[FLEN_VALUE]; char extname[FLEN_VALUE]; char uri[FLEN_VALUE]; char grpLocation1[FLEN_FILENAME]; char grpLocation2[FLEN_FILENAME]; char mbrLocation1[FLEN_FILENAME]; char mbrLocation2[FLEN_FILENAME]; char mbrLocation3[FLEN_FILENAME]; char cwd[FLEN_FILENAME]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; char nstr[] = {'\0'}; char *tmpPtr[1]; if(*status != 0) return(*status); do { /* retrieve the Grouping Convention reserved column positions within the grouping table */ *status = ffgtgc(gfptr,&xtensionCol,&extnameCol,&extverCol,&positionCol, &locationCol,&uriCol,&grptype,status); if(*status != 0) continue; /* verify the column formats */ *status = ffvcfm(gfptr,xtensionCol,extnameCol,extverCol,positionCol, locationCol,uriCol,status); if(*status != 0) continue; /* extract the member information from grouping table */ tmpPtr[0] = xtension; if(xtensionCol != 0) { *status = fits_read_col_str(gfptr,xtensionCol,member,1,1,nstr, tmpPtr,&dummy,status); /* convert the xtension string to a hdutype code */ if(fits_strcasecmp(xtension,"PRIMARY") == 0) hdutype = IMAGE_HDU; else if(fits_strcasecmp(xtension,"IMAGE") == 0) hdutype = IMAGE_HDU; else if(fits_strcasecmp(xtension,"TABLE") == 0) hdutype = ASCII_TBL; else if(fits_strcasecmp(xtension,"BINTABLE") == 0) hdutype = BINARY_TBL; else hdutype = ANY_HDU; } tmpPtr[0] = extname; if(extnameCol != 0) *status = fits_read_col_str(gfptr,extnameCol,member,1,1,nstr, tmpPtr,&dummy,status); if(extverCol != 0) *status = fits_read_col_lng(gfptr,extverCol,member,1,1,0, (long*)&extver,&dummy,status); if(positionCol != 0) *status = fits_read_col_lng(gfptr,positionCol,member,1,1,0, (long*)&hdupos,&dummy,status); tmpPtr[0] = mbrLocation1; if(locationCol != 0) *status = fits_read_col_str(gfptr,locationCol,member,1,1,nstr, tmpPtr,&dummy,status); tmpPtr[0] = uri; if(uriCol != 0) *status = fits_read_col_str(gfptr,uriCol,member,1,1,nstr, tmpPtr,&dummy,status); if(*status != 0) continue; /* decide what FITS file the member HDU resides in and open the file using the fitsfile* pointer mfptr; note that this logic is rather complicated and is based primiarly upon if a URL specifier is given for the member file in the grouping table */ switch(grptype) { case GT_ID_POS: case GT_ID_REF: case GT_ID_ALL: /* no location information is given so we must assume that the member HDU resides in the same FITS file as the grouping table; if the grouping table was incorrectly constructed then this assumption will be false, but there is nothing to be done about it at this point */ *status = fits_reopen_file(gfptr,mfptr,status); break; case GT_ID_REF_URI: case GT_ID_POS_URI: case GT_ID_ALL_URI: /* The member location column exists. Determine if the member resides in the same file as the grouping table or in a separate file; open the member file in either case */ if(strlen(mbrLocation1) == 0) { /* since no location information was given we must assume that the member is in the same FITS file as the grouping table */ *status = fits_reopen_file(gfptr,mfptr,status); } else { /* make sure the location specifiation is "URL"; we cannot decode any other URI types at this time */ if(fits_strcasecmp(uri,"URL") != 0) { *status = FILE_NOT_OPENED; snprintf(card,FLEN_CARD, "Cannot open member HDU file with URI type %s (ffgmop)", uri); ffpmsg(card); continue; } /* The location string for the member is not NULL, so it does not necessially reside in the same FITS file as the grouping table. Three cases are attempted for opening the member's file in the following order: 1. The URL given for the member's file is absolute (i.e., access method supplied); try to open the member 2. The URL given for the member's file is not absolute but is an absolute file path; try to open the member as a file after the file path is converted to a host-dependent form 3. The URL given for the member's file is not absolute and is given as a relative path to the location of the grouping table's file. Create an absolute URL using the grouping table's file URL and try to open the member. If all three cases fail then an error is returned. In each case the file is first opened in read/write mode and failing that readonly mode. The following DO loop is only used as a mechanism to break (continue) when the proper file opening method is found */ do { /* CASE 1: See if the member URL is absolute (i.e., includes a access directive) and if so open the file */ if(fits_is_url_absolute(mbrLocation1)) { /* the URL must specify an access method, which implies that its an absolute reference regardless of the access method, pass the whole URL to the open function for processing */ ffpmsg("member URL is absolute, try open R/W (ffgmop)"); *status = fits_open_file(mfptr,mbrLocation1,READWRITE, status); if(*status == 0) continue; *status = 0; /* now try to open file using full URL specs in readonly mode */ ffpmsg("OK, now try to open read-only (ffgmop)"); *status = fits_open_file(mfptr,mbrLocation1,READONLY, status); /* break from DO loop regardless of status */ continue; } /* CASE 2: If we got this far then the member URL location has no access type ==> FILE:// Try to open the member file using the URL as is, i.e., assume that it is given as absolute, if it starts with a '/' character */ ffpmsg("Member URL is of type FILE (ffgmop)"); if(*mbrLocation1 == '/') { ffpmsg("Member URL specifies abs file path (ffgmop)"); /* convert the URL path to a host dependent path */ *status = fits_url2path(mbrLocation1,mbrLocation2, status); ffpmsg("Try to open member URL in R/W mode (ffgmop)"); *status = fits_open_file(mfptr,mbrLocation2,READWRITE, status); if(*status == 0) continue; *status = 0; /* now try to open file using the URL as an absolute path in readonly mode */ ffpmsg("OK, now try to open read-only (ffgmop)"); *status = fits_open_file(mfptr,mbrLocation2,READONLY, status); /* break from the Do loop regardless of the status */ continue; } /* CASE 3: If we got this far then the URL does not specify an absoulte file path or URL with access method. Since the path to the group table's file is (obviously) valid for the CWD, create a full location string for the member HDU using the grouping table URL as a basis The only problem is that the grouping table file might have two URLs, the original one used to open it and the one that points to the real file being accessed (i.e., a file accessed via HTTP but transferred to a local disk file). Have to attempt to build a URL to the member HDU file using both of these URLs if defined. */ ffpmsg("Try to open member file as relative URL (ffgmop)"); /* get the URL information for the grouping table file */ *status = fits_get_url(gfptr,grpLocation1,grpLocation2, NULL,NULL,NULL,status); /* if the "real" grouping table file URL is defined then build a full url for the member HDU file using it and try to open the member HDU file */ if(*grpLocation1) { /* make sure the group location is absolute */ if(! fits_is_url_absolute(grpLocation1) && *grpLocation1 != '/') { fits_get_cwd(cwd,status); strcat(cwd,"/"); if (strlen(cwd)+strlen(grpLocation1)+1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("cwd and group location1 is too long (ffgmop)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcat(cwd,grpLocation1); strcpy(grpLocation1,cwd); } /* create a full URL for the member HDU file */ *status = fits_relurl2url(grpLocation1,mbrLocation1, mbrLocation2,status); if(*status != 0) continue; /* if the URL does not have an access method given then translate it into a host dependent file path */ if(! fits_is_url_absolute(mbrLocation2)) { *status = fits_url2path(mbrLocation2,mbrLocation3, status); strcpy(mbrLocation2,mbrLocation3); } /* try to open the member file READWRITE */ *status = fits_open_file(mfptr,mbrLocation2,READWRITE, status); if(*status == 0) continue; *status = 0; /* now try to open in readonly mode */ ffpmsg("now try to open file as READONLY (ffgmop)"); *status = fits_open_file(mfptr,mbrLocation2,READONLY, status); if(*status == 0) continue; *status = 0; } /* if we got this far then either the "real" grouping table file URL was not defined or all attempts to open the resulting member HDU file URL failed. if the "original" grouping table file URL is defined then build a full url for the member HDU file using it and try to open the member HDU file */ if(*grpLocation2) { /* make sure the group location is absolute */ if(! fits_is_url_absolute(grpLocation2) && *grpLocation2 != '/') { fits_get_cwd(cwd,status); if (strlen(cwd)+strlen(grpLocation2)+1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("cwd and group location2 is too long (ffgmop)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcat(cwd,"/"); strcat(cwd,grpLocation2); strcpy(grpLocation2,cwd); } /* create an absolute URL for the member HDU file */ *status = fits_relurl2url(grpLocation2,mbrLocation1, mbrLocation2,status); if(*status != 0) continue; /* if the URL does not have an access method given then translate it into a host dependent file path */ if(! fits_is_url_absolute(mbrLocation2)) { *status = fits_url2path(mbrLocation2,mbrLocation3, status); strcpy(mbrLocation2,mbrLocation3); } /* try to open the member file READWRITE */ *status = fits_open_file(mfptr,mbrLocation2,READWRITE, status); if(*status == 0) continue; *status = 0; /* now try to open in readonly mode */ ffpmsg("now try to open file as READONLY (ffgmop)"); *status = fits_open_file(mfptr,mbrLocation2,READONLY, status); if(*status == 0) continue; *status = 0; } /* if we got this far then the member HDU file could not be opened using any method. Log the error. */ ffpmsg("Cannot open member HDU FITS file (ffgmop)"); *status = MEMBER_NOT_FOUND; }while(0); } break; default: /* no default action */ break; } if(*status != 0) continue; /* attempt to locate the member HDU within its FITS file as determined and opened above */ switch(grptype) { case GT_ID_POS: case GT_ID_POS_URI: /* try to find the member hdu in the the FITS file pointed to by mfptr based upon its HDU posistion value. Note that is impossible to verify if the HDU is actually the correct HDU due to a lack of information. */ *status = fits_movabs_hdu(*mfptr,(int)hdupos,&hdutype,status); break; case GT_ID_REF: case GT_ID_REF_URI: /* try to find the member hdu in the FITS file pointed to by mfptr based upon its XTENSION, EXTNAME and EXTVER keyword values */ *status = fits_movnam_hdu(*mfptr,hdutype,extname,extver,status); if(*status == BAD_HDU_NUM) { *status = MEMBER_NOT_FOUND; ffpmsg("Cannot find specified member HDU (ffgmop)"); } /* if the above function returned without error then the mfptr is pointed to the member HDU */ break; case GT_ID_ALL: case GT_ID_ALL_URI: /* if the member entry has reference information then use it (ID by reference is safer than ID by position) else use the position information */ if(strlen(xtension) > 0 && strlen(extname) > 0 && extver > 0) { /* valid reference info exists so use it */ /* try to find the member hdu in the grouping table's file */ *status = fits_movnam_hdu(*mfptr,hdutype,extname,extver,status); if(*status == BAD_HDU_NUM) { *status = MEMBER_NOT_FOUND; ffpmsg("Cannot find specified member HDU (ffgmop)"); } } else { *status = fits_movabs_hdu(*mfptr,(int)hdupos,&hdutype, status); if(*status == END_OF_FILE) *status = MEMBER_NOT_FOUND; } /* if the above function returned without error then the mfptr is pointed to the member HDU */ break; default: /* no default action */ break; } }while(0); if(*status != 0 && *mfptr != NULL) { fits_close_file(*mfptr,status); } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgmcp(fitsfile *gfptr, /* FITS file pointer to group */ fitsfile *mfptr, /* FITS file pointer to new member FITS file */ long member, /* member ID (row num) within grouping table */ int cpopt, /* code specifying copy options: OPT_MCP_ADD (0) ==> add copied member to the grouping table OPT_MCP_NADD (1) ==> do not add member copy to the grouping table OPT_MCP_REPL (2) ==> replace current member entry with member copy */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* copy a member HDU of a grouping table to a new FITS file. The grouping table must be the CHDU of the FITS file pointed to by gfptr. The copy of the group member shall be appended to the end of the FITS file pointed to by mfptr. If the cpopt parameter is set to OPT_MCP_ADD then the copy of the member is added to the grouping table as a new member, if OPT_MCP_NADD then the copied member is not added to the grouping table, and if OPT_MCP_REPL then the copied member is used to replace the original member. The copied member HDU also has its EXTVER value updated so that its combination of XTENSION, EXTNAME and EXVTER is unique within its new FITS file. */ { int numkeys = 0; int keypos = 0; int hdunum = 0; int hdutype = 0; int i; char *incList[] = {"GRPID#","GRPLC#"}; char extname[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; char comment[FLEN_COMMENT]; char keyname[FLEN_CARD]; char value[FLEN_CARD]; fitsfile *tmpfptr = NULL; if(*status != 0) return(*status); do { /* open the member HDU to be copied */ *status = fits_open_member(gfptr,member,&tmpfptr,status); if(*status != 0) continue; /* if the member is a grouping table then copy it with a call to fits_copy_group() using the "copy only the grouping table" option if it is not a grouping table then copy the hdu with fits_copy_hdu() remove all GRPIDn and GRPLCn keywords, and update the EXTVER keyword value */ /* get the member HDU's EXTNAME value */ *status = fits_read_key_str(tmpfptr,"EXTNAME",extname,comment,status); /* if no EXTNAME value was found then set the extname to a null string */ if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { extname[0] = 0; *status = 0; } else if(*status != 0) continue; prepare_keyvalue(extname); /* if a grouping table then copy with fits_copy_group() */ if(fits_strcasecmp(extname,"GROUPING") == 0) *status = fits_copy_group(tmpfptr,mfptr,OPT_GCP_GPT,status); else { /* copy the non-grouping table HDU the conventional way */ *status = fits_copy_hdu(tmpfptr,mfptr,0,status); ffgrec(mfptr,0,card,status); /* delete all the GRPIDn and GRPLCn keywords in the copied HDU */ while(*status == 0) { *status = fits_find_nextkey(mfptr,incList,2,NULL,0,card,status); *status = fits_get_hdrpos(mfptr,&numkeys,&keypos,status); /* SPR 1738 */ *status = fits_read_keyn(mfptr,keypos-1,keyname,value, comment,status); *status = fits_read_record(mfptr,keypos-1,card,status); *status = fits_delete_key(mfptr,keyname,status); } if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) *status = 0; if(*status != 0) continue; } /* if the member HDU does not have an EXTNAME keyword then add one with a default value */ if(strlen(extname) == 0) { if(fits_get_hdu_num(tmpfptr,&hdunum) == 1) { strcpy(extname,"PRIMARY"); *status = fits_write_key_str(mfptr,"EXTNAME",extname, "HDU was Formerly a Primary Array", status); } else { strcpy(extname,"DEFAULT"); *status = fits_write_key_str(mfptr,"EXTNAME",extname, "default EXTNAME set by CFITSIO", status); } } /* update the member HDU's EXTVER value (add it if not present) */ fits_get_hdu_num(mfptr,&hdunum); fits_get_hdu_type(mfptr,&hdutype,status); /* set the EXTVER value to 0 for now */ *status = fits_modify_key_lng(mfptr,"EXTVER",0,NULL,status); /* if the EXTVER keyword was not found then add it */ if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { *status = 0; *status = fits_read_key_str(mfptr,"EXTNAME",extname,comment, status); *status = fits_insert_key_lng(mfptr,"EXTVER",0, "Extension version ID",status); } if(*status != 0) continue; /* find the first available EXTVER value for the copied HDU */ for(i = 1; fits_movnam_hdu(mfptr,hdutype,extname,i,status) == 0; ++i); *status = 0; fits_movabs_hdu(mfptr,hdunum,&hdutype,status); /* reset the copied member HDUs EXTVER value */ *status = fits_modify_key_lng(mfptr,"EXTVER",(long)i,NULL,status); /* perform member copy operations that are dependent upon the cpopt parameter value */ switch(cpopt) { case OPT_MCP_ADD: /* add the copied member to the grouping table, leaving the entry for the original member in place */ *status = fits_add_group_member(gfptr,mfptr,0,status); break; case OPT_MCP_NADD: /* nothing to do for this copy option */ break; case OPT_MCP_REPL: /* remove the original member from the grouping table and add the copied member in its place */ *status = fits_remove_member(gfptr,member,OPT_RM_ENTRY,status); *status = fits_add_group_member(gfptr,mfptr,0,status); break; default: *status = BAD_OPTION; ffpmsg("Invalid value specified for the cmopt parameter (ffgmcp)"); break; } }while(0); if(tmpfptr != NULL) { fits_close_file(tmpfptr,status); } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgmtf(fitsfile *infptr, /* FITS file pointer to source grouping table */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* FITS file pointer to target grouping table */ long member, /* member ID within source grouping table */ int tfopt, /* code specifying transfer opts: OPT_MCP_ADD (0) ==> copy member to dest. OPT_MCP_MOV (3) ==> move member to dest. */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* transfer a group member from one grouping table to another. The source grouping table must be the CHDU of the fitsfile pointed to by infptr, and the destination grouping table must be the CHDU of the fitsfile to by outfptr. If the tfopt parameter is OPT_MCP_ADD then the member is made a member of the target group and remains a member of the source group. If the tfopt parameter is OPT_MCP_MOV then the member is deleted from the source group after the transfer to the destination group. The member to be transfered is identified by its row number within the source grouping table. */ { fitsfile *mfptr = NULL; if(*status != 0) return(*status); if(tfopt != OPT_MCP_MOV && tfopt != OPT_MCP_ADD) { *status = BAD_OPTION; ffpmsg("Invalid value specified for the tfopt parameter (ffgmtf)"); } else { /* open the member of infptr to be transfered */ *status = fits_open_member(infptr,member,&mfptr,status); /* add the member to the outfptr grouping table */ *status = fits_add_group_member(outfptr,mfptr,0,status); /* close the member HDU */ *status = fits_close_file(mfptr,status); /* if the tfopt is "move member" then remove it from the infptr grouping table */ if(tfopt == OPT_MCP_MOV) *status = fits_remove_member(infptr,member,OPT_RM_ENTRY,status); } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgmrm(fitsfile *gfptr, /* FITS file pointer to group table */ long member, /* member ID (row num) in the group */ int rmopt, /* code specifying the delete option: OPT_RM_ENTRY ==> delete the member entry OPT_RM_MBR ==> delete entry and member HDU */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* remove a member HDU from a grouping table. The fitsfile pointer gfptr must be positioned with the grouping table as the CHDU, and the member to delete is identified by its row number in the table (first member == 1). The rmopt parameter determines if the member entry is deleted from the grouping table (in which case GRPIDn and GRPLCn keywords in the member HDU's header shall be updated accordingly) or if the member HDU shall itself be removed from its FITS file. */ { int found; int hdutype = 0; int index; int iomode = 0; long i; long ngroups = 0; long nmembers = 0; long groupExtver = 0; long grpid = 0; char grpLocation1[FLEN_FILENAME]; char grpLocation2[FLEN_FILENAME]; char grpLocation3[FLEN_FILENAME]; char cwd[FLEN_FILENAME]; char keyword[FLEN_KEYWORD]; /* SPR 1738 This can now be longer */ char grplc[FLEN_FILENAME]; char *tgrplc; char keyvalue[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; char *editLocation; char mrootname[FLEN_FILENAME], grootname[FLEN_FILENAME]; fitsfile *mfptr = NULL; if(*status != 0) return(*status); do { /* make sure the grouping table can be modified before proceeding */ fits_file_mode(gfptr,&iomode,status); if(iomode != READWRITE) { ffpmsg("cannot modify grouping table (ffgtam)"); *status = BAD_GROUP_DETACH; continue; } /* open the group member to be deleted and get its IOstatus*/ *status = fits_open_member(gfptr,member,&mfptr,status); *status = fits_file_mode(mfptr,&iomode,status); /* if the member HDU is to be deleted then call fits_unlink_member() to remove it from all groups to which it belongs (including this one) and then delete it. Note that if the member is a grouping table then we have to recursively call fits_remove_member() for each member of the member before we delete the member itself. */ if(rmopt == OPT_RM_MBR) { /* cannot delete a PHDU */ if(fits_get_hdu_num(mfptr,&hdutype) == 1) { *status = BAD_HDU_NUM; continue; } /* determine if the member HDU is itself a grouping table */ *status = fits_read_key_str(mfptr,"EXTNAME",keyvalue,card,status); /* if no EXTNAME is found then the HDU cannot be a grouping table */ if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { keyvalue[0] = 0; *status = 0; } prepare_keyvalue(keyvalue); /* Any other error is a reason to abort */ if(*status != 0) continue; /* if the EXTNAME == GROUPING then the member is a grouping table */ if(fits_strcasecmp(keyvalue,"GROUPING") == 0) { /* remove each of the grouping table members */ *status = fits_get_num_members(mfptr,&nmembers,status); for(i = nmembers; i > 0 && *status == 0; --i) *status = fits_remove_member(mfptr,i,OPT_RM_ENTRY,status); if(*status != 0) continue; } /* unlink the member HDU from all groups that contain it */ *status = ffgmul(mfptr,0,status); if(*status != 0) continue; /* reset the grouping table HDU struct */ fits_set_hdustruc(gfptr,status); /* delete the member HDU */ if(iomode != READONLY) *status = fits_delete_hdu(mfptr,&hdutype,status); } else if(rmopt == OPT_RM_ENTRY) { /* The member HDU is only to be removed as an entry from this grouping table. Actions are (1) find the GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords that link the member to the grouping table, (2) remove the GRPIDn/GRPLCn keyword from the member HDU header and (3) remove the member entry from the grouping table */ /* there is no need to seach for and remove the GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords from the member HDU if it has not been opened in READWRITE mode */ if(iomode == READWRITE) { /* determine the group EXTVER value of the grouping table; if the member HDU and grouping table HDU do not reside in the same file then set the groupExtver value to its negative */ *status = fits_read_key_lng(gfptr,"EXTVER",&groupExtver,card, status); /* Now, if either the Fptr values are the same, or the root filenames are the same, then assume these refer to the same file. */ fits_parse_rootname(mfptr->Fptr->filename, mrootname, status); fits_parse_rootname(gfptr->Fptr->filename, grootname, status); if((mfptr->Fptr != gfptr->Fptr) && strncmp(mrootname, grootname, FLEN_FILENAME)) groupExtver = -1*groupExtver; /* retrieve the URLs for the grouping table; note that it is possible that the grouping table file has two URLs, the one used to open it and the "real" one pointing to the actual file being accessed */ *status = fits_get_url(gfptr,grpLocation1,grpLocation2,NULL, NULL,NULL,status); if(*status != 0) continue; /* if either of the group location strings specify a relative file path then convert them into absolute file paths */ *status = fits_get_cwd(cwd,status); if(*grpLocation1 != 0 && *grpLocation1 != '/' && !fits_is_url_absolute(grpLocation1)) { strcpy(grpLocation3,cwd); if (strlen(grpLocation3)+strlen(grpLocation1)+1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("group locations are too long (ffgmrm)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcat(grpLocation3,"/"); strcat(grpLocation3,grpLocation1); fits_clean_url(grpLocation3,grpLocation1,status); } if(*grpLocation2 != 0 && *grpLocation2 != '/' && !fits_is_url_absolute(grpLocation2)) { strcpy(grpLocation3,cwd); if (strlen(grpLocation3)+strlen(grpLocation2)+1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("group locations are too long (ffgmrm)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcat(grpLocation3,"/"); strcat(grpLocation3,grpLocation2); fits_clean_url(grpLocation3,grpLocation2,status); } /* determine the number of groups to which the member HDU belongs */ *status = fits_get_num_groups(mfptr,&ngroups,status); /* reset the HDU keyword position counter to the beginning */ *status = ffgrec(mfptr,0,card,status); /* loop over all the GRPIDn keywords in the member HDU header and find the appropriate GRPIDn and GRPLCn keywords that identify it as belonging to the group */ for(index = 1, found = 0; index <= ngroups && *status == 0 && !found; ++index) { /* read the next GRPIDn keyword in the series */ snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPID%d",index); *status = fits_read_key_lng(mfptr,keyword,&grpid,card, status); if(*status != 0) continue; /* grpid value == group EXTVER value then we could have a match */ if(grpid == groupExtver && grpid > 0) { /* if GRPID is positive then its a match because both the member HDU and grouping table HDU reside in the same FITS file */ found = index; } else if(grpid == groupExtver && grpid < 0) { /* have to look at the GRPLCn value to determine a match because the member HDU and grouping table HDU reside in different FITS files */ snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPLC%d",index); /* SPR 1738 */ *status = fits_read_key_longstr(mfptr,keyword,&tgrplc, card, status); if (0 == *status) { strcpy(grplc,tgrplc); free(tgrplc); } if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { /* no GRPLCn keyword value found ==> grouping convention not followed; nothing we can do about it, so just continue */ snprintf(card,FLEN_CARD,"No GRPLC%d found for GRPID%d", index,index); ffpmsg(card); *status = 0; continue; } else if (*status != 0) continue; /* construct the URL for the GRPLCn value */ prepare_keyvalue(grplc); /* if the grplc value specifies a relative path then turn it into a absolute file path for comparison purposes */ if(*grplc != 0 && !fits_is_url_absolute(grplc) && *grplc != '/') { /* No, wrong, strcpy(grpLocation3,cwd); should be */ *status = fits_file_name(mfptr,grpLocation3,status); /* Remove everything after the last / */ if (NULL != (editLocation = strrchr(grpLocation3,'/'))) { *editLocation = '\0'; } if (strlen(grpLocation3)+strlen(grplc)+1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("group locations are too long (ffgmrm)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcat(grpLocation3,"/"); strcat(grpLocation3,grplc); *status = fits_clean_url(grpLocation3,grplc, status); } /* if the absolute value of GRPIDn is equal to the EXTVER value of the grouping table and (one of the possible two) grouping table file URL matches the GRPLCn keyword value then we hava a match */ if(strcmp(grplc,grpLocation1) == 0 || strcmp(grplc,grpLocation2) == 0) found = index; } } /* if found == 0 (false) after the above search then we assume that it is due to an inpromper updating of the GRPIDn and GRPLCn keywords in the member header ==> nothing to delete in the header. Else delete the GRPLCn and GRPIDn keywords that identify the member HDU with the group HDU and re-enumerate the remaining GRPIDn and GRPLCn keywords */ if(found != 0) { snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPID%d",found); *status = fits_delete_key(mfptr,keyword,status); snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPLC%d",found); *status = fits_delete_key(mfptr,keyword,status); *status = 0; /* call fits_get_num_groups() to re-enumerate the GRPIDn */ *status = fits_get_num_groups(mfptr,&ngroups,status); } } /* finally, remove the member entry from the current grouping table pointed to by gfptr */ *status = fits_delete_rows(gfptr,member,1,status); } else { *status = BAD_OPTION; ffpmsg("Invalid value specified for the rmopt parameter (ffgmrm)"); } }while(0); if(mfptr != NULL) { fits_close_file(mfptr,status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------- Grouping Table support functions ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtgc(fitsfile *gfptr, /* pointer to the grouping table */ int *xtensionCol, /* column ID of the MEMBER_XTENSION column */ int *extnameCol, /* column ID of the MEMBER_NAME column */ int *extverCol, /* column ID of the MEMBER_VERSION column */ int *positionCol, /* column ID of the MEMBER_POSITION column */ int *locationCol, /* column ID of the MEMBER_LOCATION column */ int *uriCol, /* column ID of the MEMBER_URI_TYPE column */ int *grptype, /* group structure type code specifying the grouping table columns that are defined: GT_ID_ALL_URI (0) ==> all columns defined GT_ID_REF (1) ==> reference cols only GT_ID_POS (2) ==> position col only GT_ID_ALL (3) ==> ref & pos cols GT_ID_REF_URI (11) ==> ref & loc cols GT_ID_POS_URI (12) ==> pos & loc cols */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* examine the grouping table pointed to by gfptr and determine the column index ID of each possible grouping column. If a column is not found then an index of 0 is returned. the grptype parameter returns the structure of the grouping table ==> what columns are defined. */ { char keyvalue[FLEN_VALUE]; char comment[FLEN_COMMENT]; if(*status != 0) return(*status); do { /* if the HDU does not have an extname of "GROUPING" then it is not a grouping table */ *status = fits_read_key_str(gfptr,"EXTNAME",keyvalue,comment,status); if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { *status = NOT_GROUP_TABLE; ffpmsg("Specified HDU is not a Grouping Table (ffgtgc)"); } if(*status != 0) continue; prepare_keyvalue(keyvalue); if(fits_strcasecmp(keyvalue,"GROUPING") != 0) { *status = NOT_GROUP_TABLE; continue; } /* search for the MEMBER_XTENSION, MEMBER_NAME, MEMBER_VERSION, MEMBER_POSITION, MEMBER_LOCATION and MEMBER_URI_TYPE columns and determine their column index ID */ *status = fits_get_colnum(gfptr,CASESEN,"MEMBER_XTENSION",xtensionCol, status); if(*status == COL_NOT_FOUND) { *status = 0; *xtensionCol = 0; } if(*status != 0) continue; *status = fits_get_colnum(gfptr,CASESEN,"MEMBER_NAME",extnameCol,status); if(*status == COL_NOT_FOUND) { *status = 0; *extnameCol = 0; } if(*status != 0) continue; *status = fits_get_colnum(gfptr,CASESEN,"MEMBER_VERSION",extverCol, status); if(*status == COL_NOT_FOUND) { *status = 0; *extverCol = 0; } if(*status != 0) continue; *status = fits_get_colnum(gfptr,CASESEN,"MEMBER_POSITION",positionCol, status); if(*status == COL_NOT_FOUND) { *status = 0; *positionCol = 0; } if(*status != 0) continue; *status = fits_get_colnum(gfptr,CASESEN,"MEMBER_LOCATION",locationCol, status); if(*status == COL_NOT_FOUND) { *status = 0; *locationCol = 0; } if(*status != 0) continue; *status = fits_get_colnum(gfptr,CASESEN,"MEMBER_URI_TYPE",uriCol, status); if(*status == COL_NOT_FOUND) { *status = 0; *uriCol = 0; } if(*status != 0) continue; /* determine the type of grouping table structure used by this grouping table and record it in the grptype parameter */ if(*xtensionCol && *extnameCol && *extverCol && *positionCol && *locationCol && *uriCol) *grptype = GT_ID_ALL_URI; else if(*xtensionCol && *extnameCol && *extverCol && *locationCol && *uriCol) *grptype = GT_ID_REF_URI; else if(*xtensionCol && *extnameCol && *extverCol && *positionCol) *grptype = GT_ID_ALL; else if(*xtensionCol && *extnameCol && *extverCol) *grptype = GT_ID_REF; else if(*positionCol && *locationCol && *uriCol) *grptype = GT_ID_POS_URI; else if(*positionCol) *grptype = GT_ID_POS; else *status = NOT_GROUP_TABLE; }while(0); /* if the table contained more than one column with a reserved name then this cannot be considered a vailid grouping table */ if(*status == COL_NOT_UNIQUE) { *status = NOT_GROUP_TABLE; ffpmsg("Specified HDU has multipule Group table cols defined (ffgtgc)"); } return(*status); } /*****************************************************************************/ int ffvcfm(fitsfile *gfptr, int xtensionCol, int extnameCol, int extverCol, int positionCol, int locationCol, int uriCol, int *status) { /* Perform validation on column formats to ensure this matches the grouping format the get functions expect. Particularly want to check widths of string columns. */ int typecode=0; long repeat=0, width=0; if (*status != 0) return (*status); do { if (xtensionCol) { fits_get_coltype(gfptr, xtensionCol, &typecode, &repeat, &width, status); if (*status || typecode != TSTRING || repeat != width || repeat > 8) { if (*status==0) *status=NOT_GROUP_TABLE; ffpmsg("Wrong format for Grouping xtension col. (ffvcfm)"); continue; } } if (extnameCol) { fits_get_coltype(gfptr, extnameCol, &typecode, &repeat, &width, status); if (*status || typecode != TSTRING || repeat != width || repeat > 32) { if (*status==0) *status=NOT_GROUP_TABLE; ffpmsg("Wrong format for Grouping name col. (ffvcfm)"); continue; } } if (extverCol) { fits_get_coltype(gfptr, extverCol, &typecode, &repeat, &width, status); if (*status || typecode != TINT32BIT || repeat > 1) { if (*status==0) *status=NOT_GROUP_TABLE; ffpmsg("Wrong format for Grouping version col. (ffvcfm)"); continue; } } if (positionCol) { fits_get_coltype(gfptr, positionCol, &typecode, &repeat, &width, status); if (*status || typecode != TINT32BIT || repeat > 1) { if (*status==0) *status=NOT_GROUP_TABLE; ffpmsg("Wrong format for Grouping position col. (ffvcfm)"); continue; } } if (locationCol) { fits_get_coltype(gfptr, locationCol, &typecode, &repeat, &width, status); if (*status || typecode != TSTRING || repeat != width || repeat > 256) { if (*status==0) *status=NOT_GROUP_TABLE; ffpmsg("Wrong format for Grouping location col. (ffvcfm)"); continue; } } if (uriCol) { fits_get_coltype(gfptr, uriCol, &typecode, &repeat, &width, status); if (*status || typecode != TSTRING || repeat != width || repeat > 3) { if (*status==0) *status=NOT_GROUP_TABLE; ffpmsg("Wrong format for Grouping URI col. (ffvcfm)"); continue; } } } while (0); return (*status); } /*****************************************************************************/ int ffgtdc(int grouptype, /* code specifying the type of grouping table information: GT_ID_ALL_URI 0 ==> defualt (all columns) GT_ID_REF 1 ==> ID by reference GT_ID_POS 2 ==> ID by position GT_ID_ALL 3 ==> ID by ref. and position GT_ID_REF_URI 11 ==> (1) + URI info GT_ID_POS_URI 12 ==> (2) + URI info */ int xtensioncol, /* does MEMBER_XTENSION already exist? */ int extnamecol, /* does MEMBER_NAME aleady exist? */ int extvercol, /* does MEMBER_VERSION already exist? */ int positioncol, /* does MEMBER_POSITION already exist? */ int locationcol, /* does MEMBER_LOCATION already exist? */ int uricol, /* does MEMBER_URI_TYPE aleardy exist? */ char *ttype[], /* array of grouping table column TTYPE names to define (if *col var false) */ char *tform[], /* array of grouping table column TFORM values to define (if*col variable false) */ int *ncols, /* number of TTYPE and TFORM values returned */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* create the TTYPE and TFORM values for the grouping table according to the value of the grouptype parameter and the values of the *col flags. The resulting TTYPE and TFORM are returned in ttype[] and tform[] respectively. The number of TTYPE and TFORMs returned is given by ncols. Both the TTYPE[] and TTFORM[] arrays must contain enough pre-allocated strings to hold the returned information. */ { int i = 0; char xtension[] = "MEMBER_XTENSION"; char xtenTform[] = "8A"; char name[] = "MEMBER_NAME"; char nameTform[] = "32A"; char version[] = "MEMBER_VERSION"; char verTform[] = "1J"; char position[] = "MEMBER_POSITION"; char posTform[] = "1J"; char URI[] = "MEMBER_URI_TYPE"; char URITform[] = "3A"; char location[] = "MEMBER_LOCATION"; /* SPR 01720, move from 160A to 256A */ char locTform[] = "256A"; if(*status != 0) return(*status); switch(grouptype) { case GT_ID_ALL_URI: if(xtensioncol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],xtension); strcpy(tform[i],xtenTform); ++i; } if(extnamecol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],name); strcpy(tform[i],nameTform); ++i; } if(extvercol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],version); strcpy(tform[i],verTform); ++i; } if(positioncol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],position); strcpy(tform[i],posTform); ++i; } if(locationcol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],location); strcpy(tform[i],locTform); ++i; } if(uricol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],URI); strcpy(tform[i],URITform); ++i; } break; case GT_ID_REF: if(xtensioncol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],xtension); strcpy(tform[i],xtenTform); ++i; } if(extnamecol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],name); strcpy(tform[i],nameTform); ++i; } if(extvercol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],version); strcpy(tform[i],verTform); ++i; } break; case GT_ID_POS: if(positioncol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],position); strcpy(tform[i],posTform); ++i; } break; case GT_ID_ALL: if(xtensioncol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],xtension); strcpy(tform[i],xtenTform); ++i; } if(extnamecol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],name); strcpy(tform[i],nameTform); ++i; } if(extvercol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],version); strcpy(tform[i],verTform); ++i; } if(positioncol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],position); strcpy(tform[i], posTform); ++i; } break; case GT_ID_REF_URI: if(xtensioncol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],xtension); strcpy(tform[i],xtenTform); ++i; } if(extnamecol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],name); strcpy(tform[i],nameTform); ++i; } if(extvercol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],version); strcpy(tform[i],verTform); ++i; } if(locationcol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],location); strcpy(tform[i],locTform); ++i; } if(uricol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],URI); strcpy(tform[i],URITform); ++i; } break; case GT_ID_POS_URI: if(positioncol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],position); strcpy(tform[i],posTform); ++i; } if(locationcol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],location); strcpy(tform[i],locTform); ++i; } if(uricol == 0) { strcpy(ttype[i],URI); strcpy(tform[i],URITform); ++i; } break; default: *status = BAD_OPTION; ffpmsg("Invalid value specified for the grouptype parameter (ffgtdc)"); break; } *ncols = i; return(*status); } /*****************************************************************************/ int ffgmul(fitsfile *mfptr, /* pointer to the grouping table member HDU */ int rmopt, /* 0 ==> leave GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords, 1 ==> remove GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* examine all the GRPIDn and GRPLCn keywords in the member HDUs header and remove the member from the grouping tables referenced; This effectively "unlinks" the member from all of its groups. The rmopt specifies if the GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords are to be removed from the member HDUs header after the unlinking. */ { int memberPosition = 0; int iomode; long index; long ngroups = 0; long memberExtver = 0; long memberID = 0; char mbrLocation1[FLEN_FILENAME]; char mbrLocation2[FLEN_FILENAME]; char memberHDUtype[FLEN_VALUE]; char memberExtname[FLEN_VALUE]; char keyword[FLEN_KEYWORD]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; fitsfile *gfptr = NULL; if(*status != 0) return(*status); do { /* determine location parameters of the member HDU; note that default values are supplied if the expected keywords are not found */ *status = fits_read_key_str(mfptr,"XTENSION",memberHDUtype,card,status); if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { strcpy(memberHDUtype,"PRIMARY"); *status = 0; } prepare_keyvalue(memberHDUtype); *status = fits_read_key_lng(mfptr,"EXTVER",&memberExtver,card,status); if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { memberExtver = 1; *status = 0; } *status = fits_read_key_str(mfptr,"EXTNAME",memberExtname,card,status); if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { memberExtname[0] = 0; *status = 0; } prepare_keyvalue(memberExtname); fits_get_hdu_num(mfptr,&memberPosition); *status = fits_get_url(mfptr,mbrLocation1,mbrLocation2,NULL,NULL, NULL,status); if(*status != 0) continue; /* open each grouping table linked to this HDU and remove the member from the grouping tables */ *status = fits_get_num_groups(mfptr,&ngroups,status); /* loop over each group linked to the member HDU */ for(index = 1; index <= ngroups && *status == 0; ++index) { /* open the (index)th group linked to the member HDU */ *status = fits_open_group(mfptr,index,&gfptr,status); /* if the group could not be opened then just skip it */ if(*status != 0) { *status = 0; snprintf(card,FLEN_CARD,"Cannot open the %dth group table (ffgmul)", (int)index); ffpmsg(card); continue; } /* make sure the grouping table can be modified before proceeding */ fits_file_mode(gfptr,&iomode,status); if(iomode != READWRITE) { snprintf(card,FLEN_CARD,"The %dth group cannot be modified (ffgtam)", (int)index); ffpmsg(card); continue; } /* try to find the member's row within the grouping table; first try using the member HDU file's "real" URL string then try using its originally opened URL string if either string exist */ memberID = 0; if(strlen(mbrLocation1) != 0) { *status = ffgmf(gfptr,memberHDUtype,memberExtname,memberExtver, memberPosition,mbrLocation1,&memberID,status); } if(*status == MEMBER_NOT_FOUND && strlen(mbrLocation2) != 0) { *status = 0; *status = ffgmf(gfptr,memberHDUtype,memberExtname,memberExtver, memberPosition,mbrLocation2,&memberID,status); } /* if the member was found then delete it from the grouping table */ if(*status == 0) *status = fits_delete_rows(gfptr,memberID,1,status); /* continue the loop over all member groups even if an error was generated */ if(*status == MEMBER_NOT_FOUND) { ffpmsg("cannot locate member's entry in group table (ffgmul)"); } *status = 0; /* close the file pointed to by gfptr if it is non NULL to prepare for the next loop iterration */ if(gfptr != NULL) { fits_close_file(gfptr,status); gfptr = NULL; } } if(*status != 0) continue; /* if rmopt is non-zero then find and delete the GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords from the member HDU header */ if(rmopt != 0) { fits_file_mode(mfptr,&iomode,status); if(iomode == READONLY) { ffpmsg("Cannot modify member HDU, opened READONLY (ffgmul)"); continue; } /* delete all the GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords */ for(index = 1; index <= ngroups && *status == 0; ++index) { snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPID%d",(int)index); fits_delete_key(mfptr,keyword,status); snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"GRPLC%d",(int)index); fits_delete_key(mfptr,keyword,status); if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) *status = 0; } } }while(0); /* make sure the gfptr has been closed */ if(gfptr != NULL) { fits_close_file(gfptr,status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgmf(fitsfile *gfptr, /* pointer to grouping table HDU to search */ char *xtension, /* XTENSION value for member HDU */ char *extname, /* EXTNAME value for member HDU */ int extver, /* EXTVER value for member HDU */ int position, /* HDU position value for member HDU */ char *location, /* FITS file location value for member HDU */ long *member, /* member HDU ID within group table (if found) */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* try to find the entry for the member HDU defined by the xtension, extname, extver, position, and location parameters within the grouping table pointed to by gfptr. If the member HDU is found then its ID (row number) within the grouping table is returned in the member variable; if not found then member is returned with a value of 0 and the status return code will be set to MEMBER_NOT_FOUND. Note that the member HDU postion information is used to obtain a member match only if the grouping table type is GT_ID_POS_URI or GT_ID_POS. This is because the position information can become invalid much more easily then the reference information for a group member. */ { int xtensionCol,extnameCol,extverCol,positionCol,locationCol,uriCol; int mposition = 0; int grptype; int dummy; int i; long nmembers = 0; long mextver = 0; char charBuff1[FLEN_FILENAME]; char charBuff2[FLEN_FILENAME]; char tmpLocation[FLEN_FILENAME]; char mbrLocation1[FLEN_FILENAME]; char mbrLocation2[FLEN_FILENAME]; char mbrLocation3[FLEN_FILENAME]; char grpLocation1[FLEN_FILENAME]; char grpLocation2[FLEN_FILENAME]; char cwd[FLEN_FILENAME]; char nstr[] = {'\0'}; char *tmpPtr[2]; if(*status != 0) return(*status); *member = 0; tmpPtr[0] = charBuff1; tmpPtr[1] = charBuff2; if(*status != 0) return(*status); /* if the passed LOCATION value is not an absolute URL then turn it into an absolute path */ if(location == NULL) { *tmpLocation = 0; } else if(*location == 0) { *tmpLocation = 0; } else if(!fits_is_url_absolute(location)) { fits_path2url(location,FLEN_FILENAME,tmpLocation,status); if(*tmpLocation != '/') { fits_get_cwd(cwd,status); if (strlen(cwd)+strlen(tmpLocation)+1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("cwd and location are too long (ffgmf)"); return (*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } strcat(cwd,"/"); strcat(cwd,tmpLocation); fits_clean_url(cwd,tmpLocation,status); } } else strcpy(tmpLocation,location); /* retrieve the Grouping Convention reserved column positions within the grouping table */ *status = ffgtgc(gfptr,&xtensionCol,&extnameCol,&extverCol,&positionCol, &locationCol,&uriCol,&grptype,status); /* retrieve the number of group members */ *status = fits_get_num_members(gfptr,&nmembers,status); /* loop over all grouping table rows until the member HDU is found */ for(i = 1; i <= nmembers && *member == 0 && *status == 0; ++i) { if(xtensionCol != 0) { fits_read_col_str(gfptr,xtensionCol,i,1,1,nstr,tmpPtr,&dummy,status); if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpPtr[0],xtension) != 0) continue; } if(extnameCol != 0) { fits_read_col_str(gfptr,extnameCol,i,1,1,nstr,tmpPtr,&dummy,status); if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpPtr[0],extname) != 0) continue; } if(extverCol != 0) { fits_read_col_lng(gfptr,extverCol,i,1,1,0, (long*)&mextver,&dummy,status); if(extver != mextver) continue; } /* note we only use postionCol if we have to */ if(positionCol != 0 && (grptype == GT_ID_POS || grptype == GT_ID_POS_URI)) { fits_read_col_int(gfptr,positionCol,i,1,1,0, &mposition,&dummy,status); if(position != mposition) continue; } /* if no location string was passed to the function then assume that the calling application does not wish to use it as a comparision critera ==> if we got this far then we have a match */ if(location == NULL) { ffpmsg("NULL Location string given ==> ignore location (ffgmf)"); *member = i; continue; } /* if the grouping table MEMBER_LOCATION column exists then read the location URL for the member, else set the location string to a zero-length string for subsequent comparisions */ if(locationCol != 0) { fits_read_col_str(gfptr,locationCol,i,1,1,nstr,tmpPtr,&dummy,status); strcpy(mbrLocation1,tmpPtr[0]); *mbrLocation2 = 0; } else *mbrLocation1 = 0; /* if the member location string from the grouping table is zero length (either implicitly or explicitly) then assume that the member HDU is in the same file as the grouping table HDU; retrieve the possible URL values of the grouping table HDU file */ if(*mbrLocation1 == 0) { /* retrieve the possible URLs of the grouping table file */ *status = fits_get_url(gfptr,mbrLocation1,mbrLocation2,NULL,NULL, NULL,status); /* if non-NULL, make sure the first URL is absolute or a full path */ if(*mbrLocation1 != 0 && !fits_is_url_absolute(mbrLocation1) && *mbrLocation1 != '/') { fits_get_cwd(cwd,status); if (strlen(cwd)+strlen(mbrLocation1)+1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("cwd and member locations are too long (ffgmf)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcat(cwd,"/"); strcat(cwd,mbrLocation1); fits_clean_url(cwd,mbrLocation1,status); } /* if non-NULL, make sure the first URL is absolute or a full path */ if(*mbrLocation2 != 0 && !fits_is_url_absolute(mbrLocation2) && *mbrLocation2 != '/') { fits_get_cwd(cwd,status); if (strlen(cwd)+strlen(mbrLocation2)+1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("cwd and member locations are too long (ffgmf)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcat(cwd,"/"); strcat(cwd,mbrLocation2); fits_clean_url(cwd,mbrLocation2,status); } } /* if the member location was specified, then make sure that it is either an absolute URL or specifies a full path */ else if(!fits_is_url_absolute(mbrLocation1) && *mbrLocation1 != '/') { strcpy(mbrLocation2,mbrLocation1); /* get the possible URLs for the grouping table file */ *status = fits_get_url(gfptr,grpLocation1,grpLocation2,NULL,NULL, NULL,status); if(*grpLocation1 != 0) { /* make sure the first grouping table URL is absolute */ if(!fits_is_url_absolute(grpLocation1) && *grpLocation1 != '/') { fits_get_cwd(cwd,status); if (strlen(cwd)+strlen(grpLocation1)+1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("cwd and group locations are too long (ffgmf)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcat(cwd,"/"); strcat(cwd,grpLocation1); fits_clean_url(cwd,grpLocation1,status); } /* create an absoute URL for the member */ fits_relurl2url(grpLocation1,mbrLocation1,mbrLocation3,status); /* if URL construction succeeded then copy it to the first location string; else set the location string to empty */ if(*status == 0) { strcpy(mbrLocation1,mbrLocation3); } else if(*status == URL_PARSE_ERROR) { *status = 0; *mbrLocation1 = 0; } } else *mbrLocation1 = 0; if(*grpLocation2 != 0) { /* make sure the second grouping table URL is absolute */ if(!fits_is_url_absolute(grpLocation2) && *grpLocation2 != '/') { fits_get_cwd(cwd,status); if (strlen(cwd)+strlen(grpLocation2)+1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("cwd and group locations are too long (ffgmf)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcat(cwd,"/"); strcat(cwd,grpLocation2); fits_clean_url(cwd,grpLocation2,status); } /* create an absolute URL for the member */ fits_relurl2url(grpLocation2,mbrLocation2,mbrLocation3,status); /* if URL construction succeeded then copy it to the second location string; else set the location string to empty */ if(*status == 0) { strcpy(mbrLocation2,mbrLocation3); } else if(*status == URL_PARSE_ERROR) { *status = 0; *mbrLocation2 = 0; } } else *mbrLocation2 = 0; } /* compare the passed member HDU file location string with the (possibly two) member location strings to see if there is a match */ if(strcmp(mbrLocation1,tmpLocation) != 0 && strcmp(mbrLocation2,tmpLocation) != 0 ) continue; /* if we made it this far then a match to the member HDU was found */ *member = i; } /* if a match was not found then set the return status code */ if(*member == 0 && *status == 0) { *status = MEMBER_NOT_FOUND; ffpmsg("Cannot find specified member HDU (ffgmf)"); } return(*status); } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------- Recursive Group Functions --------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtrmr(fitsfile *gfptr, /* FITS file pointer to group */ HDUtracker *HDU, /* list of processed HDUs */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* recursively remove a grouping table and all its members. Each member of the grouping table pointed to by gfptr it processed. If the member is itself a grouping table then ffgtrmr() is recursively called to process all of its members. The HDUtracker struct *HDU is used to make sure a member is not processed twice, thus avoiding an infinite loop (e.g., a grouping table contains itself as a member). */ { int i; int hdutype; long nmembers = 0; char keyvalue[FLEN_VALUE]; char comment[FLEN_COMMENT]; fitsfile *mfptr = NULL; if(*status != 0) return(*status); /* get the number of members contained by this grouping table */ *status = fits_get_num_members(gfptr,&nmembers,status); /* loop over all group members and delete them */ for(i = nmembers; i > 0 && *status == 0; --i) { /* open the member HDU */ *status = fits_open_member(gfptr,i,&mfptr,status); /* if the member cannot be opened then just skip it and continue */ if(*status == MEMBER_NOT_FOUND) { *status = 0; continue; } /* Any other error is a reason to abort */ if(*status != 0) continue; /* add the member HDU to the HDUtracker struct */ *status = fftsad(mfptr,HDU,NULL,NULL); /* status == HDU_ALREADY_TRACKED ==> HDU has already been processed */ if(*status == HDU_ALREADY_TRACKED) { *status = 0; fits_close_file(mfptr,status); continue; } else if(*status != 0) continue; /* determine if the member HDU is itself a grouping table */ *status = fits_read_key_str(mfptr,"EXTNAME",keyvalue,comment,status); /* if no EXTNAME is found then the HDU cannot be a grouping table */ if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { *status = 0; keyvalue[0] = 0; } prepare_keyvalue(keyvalue); /* Any other error is a reason to abort */ if(*status != 0) continue; /* if the EXTNAME == GROUPING then the member is a grouping table and we must call ffgtrmr() to process its members */ if(fits_strcasecmp(keyvalue,"GROUPING") == 0) *status = ffgtrmr(mfptr,HDU,status); /* unlink all the grouping tables that contain this HDU as a member and then delete the HDU (if not a PHDU) */ if(fits_get_hdu_num(mfptr,&hdutype) == 1) *status = ffgmul(mfptr,1,status); else { *status = ffgmul(mfptr,0,status); *status = fits_delete_hdu(mfptr,&hdutype,status); } /* close the fitsfile pointer */ fits_close_file(mfptr,status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtcpr(fitsfile *infptr, /* input FITS file pointer */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* output FITS file pointer */ int cpopt, /* code specifying copy options: OPT_GCP_GPT (0) ==> cp only grouping table OPT_GCP_ALL (2) ==> recusrively copy members and their members (if groups) */ HDUtracker *HDU, /* list of already copied HDUs */ int *status) /* return status code */ /* copy a Group to a new FITS file. If the cpopt parameter is set to OPT_GCP_GPT (copy grouping table only) then the existing members have their GRPIDn and GRPLCn keywords updated to reflect the existance of the new group, since they now belong to another group. If cpopt is set to OPT_GCP_ALL (copy grouping table and members recursively) then the original members are not updated; the new grouping table is modified to include only the copied member HDUs and not the original members. Note that this function is recursive. When copt is OPT_GCP_ALL it will call itself whenever a member HDU of the current grouping table is itself a grouping table (i.e., EXTNAME = 'GROUPING'). */ { int i; int nexclude = 8; int hdutype = 0; int groupHDUnum = 0; int numkeys = 0; int keypos = 0; int startSearch = 0; int newPosition = 0; long nmembers = 0; long tfields = 0; long newTfields = 0; char keyword[FLEN_KEYWORD]; char keyvalue[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; char comment[FLEN_CARD]; char *tkeyvalue; char *includeList[] = {"*"}; char *excludeList[] = {"EXTNAME","EXTVER","GRPNAME","GRPID#","GRPLC#", "THEAP","TDIM#","T????#"}; fitsfile *mfptr = NULL; if(*status != 0) return(*status); do { /* create a new grouping table in the FITS file pointed to by outptr */ *status = fits_get_num_members(infptr,&nmembers,status); *status = fits_read_key_str(infptr,"GRPNAME",keyvalue,card,status); if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { keyvalue[0] = 0; *status = 0; } prepare_keyvalue(keyvalue); *status = fits_create_group(outfptr,keyvalue,GT_ID_ALL_URI,status); /* save the new grouping table's HDU position for future use */ fits_get_hdu_num(outfptr,&groupHDUnum); /* update the HDUtracker struct with the grouping table's new position */ *status = fftsud(infptr,HDU,groupHDUnum,NULL); /* Now populate the copied grouping table depending upon the copy option parameter value */ switch(cpopt) { /* for the "copy grouping table only" option we only have to add the members of the original grouping table to the new grouping table */ case OPT_GCP_GPT: for(i = 1; i <= nmembers && *status == 0; ++i) { *status = fits_open_member(infptr,i,&mfptr,status); *status = fits_add_group_member(outfptr,mfptr,0,status); fits_close_file(mfptr,status); mfptr = NULL; } break; case OPT_GCP_ALL: /* for the "copy the entire group" option */ /* loop over all the grouping table members */ for(i = 1; i <= nmembers && *status == 0; ++i) { /* open the ith member */ *status = fits_open_member(infptr,i,&mfptr,status); if(*status != 0) continue; /* add it to the HDUtracker struct */ *status = fftsad(mfptr,HDU,&newPosition,NULL); /* if already copied then just add the member to the group */ if(*status == HDU_ALREADY_TRACKED) { *status = 0; *status = fits_add_group_member(outfptr,NULL,newPosition, status); fits_close_file(mfptr,status); mfptr = NULL; continue; } else if(*status != 0) continue; /* see if the member is a grouping table */ *status = fits_read_key_str(mfptr,"EXTNAME",keyvalue,card, status); if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { keyvalue[0] = 0; *status = 0; } prepare_keyvalue(keyvalue); /* if the member is a grouping table then copy it and all of its members using ffgtcpr(), else copy it using fits_copy_member(); the outptr will point to the newly copied member upon return from both functions */ if(fits_strcasecmp(keyvalue,"GROUPING") == 0) *status = ffgtcpr(mfptr,outfptr,OPT_GCP_ALL,HDU,status); else *status = fits_copy_member(infptr,outfptr,i,OPT_MCP_NADD, status); /* retrieve the position of the newly copied member */ fits_get_hdu_num(outfptr,&newPosition); /* update the HDUtracker struct with member's new position */ if(fits_strcasecmp(keyvalue,"GROUPING") != 0) *status = fftsud(mfptr,HDU,newPosition,NULL); /* move the outfptr back to the copied grouping table HDU */ *status = fits_movabs_hdu(outfptr,groupHDUnum,&hdutype,status); /* add the copied member HDU to the copied grouping table */ *status = fits_add_group_member(outfptr,NULL,newPosition,status); /* close the mfptr pointer */ fits_close_file(mfptr,status); mfptr = NULL; } break; default: *status = BAD_OPTION; ffpmsg("Invalid value specified for cmopt parameter (ffgtcpr)"); break; } if(*status != 0) continue; /* reposition the outfptr to the grouping table so that the grouping table is the CHDU upon return to the calling function */ fits_movabs_hdu(outfptr,groupHDUnum,&hdutype,status); /* copy all auxiliary keyword records from the original grouping table to the new grouping table; they are copied in their original order and inserted just before the TTYPE1 keyword record */ *status = fits_read_card(outfptr,"TTYPE1",card,status); *status = fits_get_hdrpos(outfptr,&numkeys,&keypos,status); --keypos; startSearch = 8; while(*status == 0) { ffgrec(infptr,startSearch,card,status); *status = fits_find_nextkey(infptr,includeList,1,excludeList, nexclude,card,status); *status = fits_get_hdrpos(infptr,&numkeys,&startSearch,status); --startSearch; /* SPR 1738 */ if (strncmp(card,"GRPLC",5)) { /* Not going to be a long string so we're ok */ *status = fits_insert_record(outfptr,keypos,card,status); } else { /* We could have a long string */ *status = fits_read_record(infptr,startSearch,card,status); card[9] = '\0'; *status = fits_read_key_longstr(infptr,card,&tkeyvalue,comment, status); if (0 == *status) { fits_insert_key_longstr(outfptr,card,tkeyvalue,comment,status); fits_write_key_longwarn(outfptr,status); free(tkeyvalue); } } ++keypos; } if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) *status = 0; else if(*status != 0) continue; /* search all the columns of the original grouping table and copy those to the new grouping table that were not part of the grouping convention. Note that is legal to have additional columns in a grouping table. Also note that the order of the columns may not be the same in the original and copied grouping table. */ /* retrieve the number of columns in the original and new group tables */ *status = fits_read_key_lng(infptr,"TFIELDS",&tfields,card,status); *status = fits_read_key_lng(outfptr,"TFIELDS",&newTfields,card,status); for(i = 1; i <= tfields; ++i) { snprintf(keyword,FLEN_KEYWORD,"TTYPE%d",i); *status = fits_read_key_str(infptr,keyword,keyvalue,card,status); if(*status == KEY_NO_EXIST) { *status = 0; keyvalue[0] = 0; } prepare_keyvalue(keyvalue); if(fits_strcasecmp(keyvalue,"MEMBER_XTENSION") != 0 && fits_strcasecmp(keyvalue,"MEMBER_NAME") != 0 && fits_strcasecmp(keyvalue,"MEMBER_VERSION") != 0 && fits_strcasecmp(keyvalue,"MEMBER_POSITION") != 0 && fits_strcasecmp(keyvalue,"MEMBER_LOCATION") != 0 && fits_strcasecmp(keyvalue,"MEMBER_URI_TYPE") != 0 ) { /* SPR 3956, add at the end of the table */ *status = fits_copy_col(infptr,outfptr,i,newTfields+1,1,status); ++newTfields; } } }while(0); if(mfptr != NULL) { fits_close_file(mfptr,status); } return(*status); } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------- HDUtracker struct manipulation functions --------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fftsad(fitsfile *mfptr, /* pointer to an member HDU */ HDUtracker *HDU, /* pointer to an HDU tracker struct */ int *newPosition, /* new HDU position of the member HDU */ char *newFileName) /* file containing member HDU */ /* add an HDU to the HDUtracker struct pointed to by HDU. The HDU is only added if it does not already reside in the HDUtracker. If it already resides in the HDUtracker then the new HDU postion and file name are returned in newPosition and newFileName (if != NULL) */ { int i; int hdunum; int status = 0; char filename1[FLEN_FILENAME]; char filename2[FLEN_FILENAME]; do { /* retrieve the HDU's position within the FITS file */ fits_get_hdu_num(mfptr,&hdunum); /* retrieve the HDU's file name */ status = fits_file_name(mfptr,filename1,&status); /* parse the file name and construct the "standard" URL for it */ status = ffrtnm(filename1,filename2,&status); /* examine all the existing HDUs in the HDUtracker an see if this HDU has already been registered */ for(i = 0; i < HDU->nHDU && !(HDU->position[i] == hdunum && strcmp(HDU->filename[i],filename2) == 0); ++i); if(i != HDU->nHDU) { status = HDU_ALREADY_TRACKED; if(newPosition != NULL) *newPosition = HDU->newPosition[i]; if(newFileName != NULL) strcpy(newFileName,HDU->newFilename[i]); continue; } if(HDU->nHDU == MAX_HDU_TRACKER) { status = TOO_MANY_HDUS_TRACKED; continue; } HDU->filename[i] = (char*) malloc(FLEN_FILENAME * sizeof(char)); if(HDU->filename[i] == NULL) { status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; continue; } HDU->newFilename[i] = (char*) malloc(FLEN_FILENAME * sizeof(char)); if(HDU->newFilename[i] == NULL) { status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; free(HDU->filename[i]); continue; } HDU->position[i] = hdunum; HDU->newPosition[i] = hdunum; strcpy(HDU->filename[i],filename2); strcpy(HDU->newFilename[i],filename2); ++(HDU->nHDU); }while(0); return(status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fftsud(fitsfile *mfptr, /* pointer to an member HDU */ HDUtracker *HDU, /* pointer to an HDU tracker struct */ int newPosition, /* new HDU position of the member HDU */ char *newFileName) /* file containing member HDU */ /* update the HDU information in the HDUtracker struct pointed to by HDU. The HDU to update is pointed to by mfptr. If non-zero, the value of newPosition is used to update the HDU->newPosition[] value for the mfptr, and if non-NULL the newFileName value is used to update the HDU->newFilename[] value for mfptr. */ { int i; int hdunum; int status = 0; char filename1[FLEN_FILENAME]; char filename2[FLEN_FILENAME]; /* retrieve the HDU's position within the FITS file */ fits_get_hdu_num(mfptr,&hdunum); /* retrieve the HDU's file name */ status = fits_file_name(mfptr,filename1,&status); /* parse the file name and construct the "standard" URL for it */ status = ffrtnm(filename1,filename2,&status); /* examine all the existing HDUs in the HDUtracker an see if this HDU has already been registered */ for(i = 0; i < HDU->nHDU && !(HDU->position[i] == hdunum && strcmp(HDU->filename[i],filename2) == 0); ++i); /* if previously registered then change newPosition and newFileName */ if(i != HDU->nHDU) { if(newPosition != 0) HDU->newPosition[i] = newPosition; if(newFileName != NULL) { strcpy(HDU->newFilename[i],newFileName); } } else status = MEMBER_NOT_FOUND; return(status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void prepare_keyvalue(char *keyvalue) /* string containing keyword value */ /* strip off all single quote characters "'" and blank spaces from a keyword value retrieved via fits_read_key*() routines this is necessary so that a standard comparision of keyword values may be made */ { int i; int length; /* strip off any leading or trailing single quotes (`) and (') from the keyword value */ length = strlen(keyvalue) - 1; if(keyvalue[0] == '\'' && keyvalue[length] == '\'') { for(i = 0; i < length - 1; ++i) keyvalue[i] = keyvalue[i+1]; keyvalue[length-1] = 0; } /* strip off any trailing blanks from the keyword value; note that if the keyvalue consists of nothing but blanks then no blanks are stripped */ length = strlen(keyvalue) - 1; for(i = 0; i < length && keyvalue[i] == ' '; ++i); if(i != length) { for(i = length; i >= 0 && keyvalue[i] == ' '; --i) keyvalue[i] = '\0'; } } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------- Host dependent directory path to/from URL functions --------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_path2url(char *inpath, /* input file path string */ int maxlength, /* I max number of chars that can be written to output, including terminating NULL */ char *outpath, /* output file path string */ int *status) /* convert a file path into its Unix-style equivelent for URL purposes. Note that this process is platform dependent. This function supports Unix, MSDOS/WIN32, VMS and Macintosh platforms. The plaform dependant code is conditionally compiled depending upon the setting of the appropriate C preprocessor macros. */ { char buff[FLEN_FILENAME]; #if defined(WINNT) || defined(__WINNT__) /* Microsoft Windows NT case. We assume input file paths of the form: //disk/path/filename All path segments may be null, so that a single file name is the simplist case. The leading "//" becomes a single "/" if present. If no "//" is present, then make sure the resulting URL path is relative, i.e., does not begin with a "/". In other words, the only way that an absolute URL file path may be generated is if the drive specification is given. */ if(*status > 0) return(*status); if(inpath[0] == '/') { strcpy(buff,inpath+1); } else { strcpy(buff,inpath); } #elif defined(MSDOS) || defined(__WIN32__) || defined(WIN32) /* MSDOS or Microsoft windows/NT case. The assumed form of the input path is: disk:\path\filename All path segments may be null, so that a single file name is the simplist case. All back-slashes '\' become slashes '/'; if the path starts with a string of the form "X:" then it is replaced with "/X/" */ int i,j,k; int size; if(*status > 0) return(*status); for(i = 0, j = 0, size = strlen(inpath), buff[0] = 0; i < size; j = strlen(buff)) { switch(inpath[i]) { case ':': /* must be a disk desiginator; add a slash '/' at the start of outpath to designate that the path is absolute, then change the colon ':' to a slash '/' */ for(k = j; k >= 0; --k) buff[k+1] = buff[k]; buff[0] = '/'; strcat(buff,"/"); ++i; break; case '\\': /* just replace the '\' with a '/' IF its not the first character */ if(i != 0 && buff[(j == 0 ? 0 : j-1)] != '/') { buff[j] = '/'; buff[j+1] = 0; } ++i; break; default: /* copy the character from inpath to buff as is */ buff[j] = inpath[i]; buff[j+1] = 0; ++i; break; } } #elif defined(VMS) || defined(vms) || defined(__vms) /* VMS case. Assumed format of the input path is: node::disk:[path]filename.ext;version Any part of the file path may be missing, so that in the simplist case a single file name/extension is given. all brackets "[", "]" and dots "." become "/"; dashes "-" become "..", all single colons ":" become ":/", all double colons "::" become "FILE://" */ int i,j,k; int done; int size; if(*status > 0) return(*status); /* see if inpath contains a directory specification */ if(strchr(inpath,']') == NULL) done = 1; else done = 0; for(i = 0, j = 0, size = strlen(inpath), buff[0] = 0; i < size && j < FLEN_FILENAME - 8; j = strlen(buff)) { switch(inpath[i]) { case ':': /* must be a logical/symbol separator or (in the case of a double colon "::") machine node separator */ if(inpath[i+1] == ':') { /* insert a "FILE://" at the start of buff ==> machine given */ for(k = j; k >= 0; --k) buff[k+7] = buff[k]; strncpy(buff,"FILE://",7); i += 2; } else if(strstr(buff,"FILE://") == NULL) { /* insert a "/" at the start of buff ==> absolute path */ for(k = j; k >= 0; --k) buff[k+1] = buff[k]; buff[0] = '/'; ++i; } else ++i; /* a colon always ==> path separator */ strcat(buff,"/"); break; case ']': /* end of directory spec, file name spec begins after this */ done = 1; buff[j] = '/'; buff[j+1] = 0; ++i; break; case '[': /* begin directory specification; add a '/' only if the last char is not '/' */ if(i != 0 && buff[(j == 0 ? 0 : j-1)] != '/') { buff[j] = '/'; buff[j+1] = 0; } ++i; break; case '.': /* directory segment separator or file name/extension separator; we decide which by looking at the value of done */ if(!done) { /* must be a directory segment separator */ if(inpath[i-1] == '[') { strcat(buff,"./"); ++j; } else buff[j] = '/'; } else /* must be a filename/extension separator */ buff[j] = '.'; buff[j+1] = 0; ++i; break; case '-': /* a dash is the same as ".." in Unix speak, but lets make sure that its not part of the file name first! */ if(!done) /* must be part of the directory path specification */ strcat(buff,".."); else { /* the dash is part of the filename, so just copy it as is */ buff[j] = '-'; buff[j+1] = 0; } ++i; break; default: /* nothing special, just copy the character as is */ buff[j] = inpath[i]; buff[j+1] = 0; ++i; break; } } if(j > FLEN_FILENAME - 8) { *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; ffpmsg("resulting path to URL conversion too big (fits_path2url)"); } #elif defined(macintosh) /* MacOS case. The assumed form of the input path is: disk:path:filename It is assumed that all paths are absolute with disk and path specified, unless no colons ":" are supplied with the string ==> a single file name only. All colons ":" become slashes "/", and if one or more colon is encountered then the path is specified as absolute. */ int i,j,k; int firstColon; int size; if(*status > 0) return(*status); for(i = 0, j = 0, firstColon = 1, size = strlen(inpath), buff[0] = 0; i < size; j = strlen(buff)) { switch(inpath[i]) { case ':': /* colons imply path separators. If its the first colon encountered then assume that its the disk designator and add a slash to the beginning of the buff string */ if(firstColon) { firstColon = 0; for(k = j; k >= 0; --k) buff[k+1] = buff[k]; buff[0] = '/'; } /* all colons become slashes */ strcat(buff,"/"); ++i; break; default: /* copy the character from inpath to buff as is */ buff[j] = inpath[i]; buff[j+1] = 0; ++i; break; } } #else /* Default Unix case. Nothing special to do here except to remove the double or more // and replace them with single / */ int ii = 0; int jj = 0; if(*status > 0) return(*status); while (inpath[ii]) { if (inpath[ii] == '/' && inpath[ii+1] == '/') { /* do nothing */ } else { buff[jj] = inpath[ii]; jj++; } ii++; } buff[jj] = '\0'; /* printf("buff is %s\ninpath is %s\n",buff,inpath); */ /* strcpy(buff,inpath); */ #endif /* encode all "unsafe" and "reserved" URL characters */ *status = fits_encode_url(buff,maxlength,outpath,status); return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_url2path(char *inpath, /* input file path string */ char *outpath, /* output file path string */ int *status) /* convert a Unix-style URL into a platform dependent directory path. Note that this process is platform dependent. This function supports Unix, MSDOS/WIN32, VMS and Macintosh platforms. Each platform dependent code segment is conditionally compiled depending upon the setting of the appropriate C preprocesser macros. */ { char buff[FLEN_FILENAME]; int absolute; #if defined(MSDOS) || defined(__WIN32__) || defined(WIN32) char *tmpStr, *saveptr; #elif defined(VMS) || defined(vms) || defined(__vms) int i; char *tmpStr, *saveptr; #elif defined(macintosh) char *tmpStr, *saveptr; #endif if(*status != 0) return(*status); /* make a copy of the inpath so that we can manipulate it */ strcpy(buff,inpath); /* convert any encoded characters to their unencoded values */ *status = fits_unencode_url(inpath,buff,status); /* see if the URL is given as absolute w.r.t. the "local" file system */ if(buff[0] == '/') absolute = 1; else absolute = 0; #if defined(WINNT) || defined(__WINNT__) /* Microsoft Windows NT case. We create output paths of the form //disk/path/filename All path segments but the last may be null, so that a single file name is the simplist case. */ if(absolute) { strcpy(outpath,"/"); strcat(outpath,buff); } else { strcpy(outpath,buff); } #elif defined(MSDOS) || defined(__WIN32__) || defined(WIN32) /* MSDOS or Microsoft windows/NT case. The output path will be of the form disk:\path\filename All path segments but the last may be null, so that a single file name is the simplist case. */ /* separate the URL into tokens at each slash '/' and process until all tokens have been examined */ for(tmpStr = ffstrtok(buff,"/",&saveptr), outpath[0] = 0; tmpStr != NULL; tmpStr = ffstrtok(NULL,"/",&saveptr)) { strcat(outpath,tmpStr); /* if the absolute flag is set then process the token as a disk specification; else just process it as a directory path or filename */ if(absolute) { strcat(outpath,":\\"); absolute = 0; } else strcat(outpath,"\\"); } /* remove the last "\" from the outpath, it does not belong there */ outpath[strlen(outpath)-1] = 0; #elif defined(VMS) || defined(vms) || defined(__vms) /* VMS case. The output path will be of the form: node::disk:[path]filename.ext;version Any part of the file path may be missing execpt filename.ext, so that in the simplist case a single file name/extension is given. if the path is specified as relative starting with "./" then the first part of the VMS path is "[.". If the path is relative and does not start with "./" (e.g., "a/b/c") then the VMS path is constructed as "[a.b.c]" */ /* separate the URL into tokens at each slash '/' and process until all tokens have been examined */ for(tmpStr = ffstrtok(buff,"/",&saveptr), outpath[0] = 0; tmpStr != NULL; tmpStr = ffstrtok(NULL,"/",&saveptr)) { if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr,"FILE:") == 0) { /* the next token should contain the DECnet machine name */ tmpStr = ffstrtok(NULL,"/",&saveptr); if(tmpStr == NULL) continue; strcat(outpath,tmpStr); strcat(outpath,"::"); /* set the absolute flag to true for the next token */ absolute = 1; } else if(strcmp(tmpStr,"..") == 0) { /* replace all Unix-like ".." with VMS "-" */ if(strlen(outpath) == 0) strcat(outpath,"["); strcat(outpath,"-."); } else if(strcmp(tmpStr,".") == 0 && strlen(outpath) == 0) { /* must indicate a relative path specifier */ strcat(outpath,"[."); } else if(strchr(tmpStr,'.') != NULL) { /* must be up to the file name; turn the last "." path separator into a "]" and then add the file name to the outpath */ i = strlen(outpath); if(i > 0 && outpath[i-1] == '.') outpath[i-1] = ']'; strcat(outpath,tmpStr); } else { /* process the token as a a directory path segement */ if(absolute) { /* treat the token as a disk specifier */ absolute = 0; strcat(outpath,tmpStr); strcat(outpath,":["); } else if(strlen(outpath) == 0) { /* treat the token as the first directory path specifier */ strcat(outpath,"["); strcat(outpath,tmpStr); strcat(outpath,"."); } else { /* treat the token as an imtermediate path specifier */ strcat(outpath,tmpStr); strcat(outpath,"."); } } } #elif defined(macintosh) /* MacOS case. The output path will be of the form disk:path:filename All path segments but the last may be null, so that a single file name is the simplist case. */ /* separate the URL into tokens at each slash '/' and process until all tokens have been examined */ for(tmpStr = ffstrtok(buff,"/",&saveptr), outpath[0] = 0; tmpStr != NULL; tmpStr = ffstrtok(NULL,"/",&saveptr)) { strcat(outpath,tmpStr); strcat(outpath,":"); } /* remove the last ":" from the outpath, it does not belong there */ outpath[strlen(outpath)-1] = 0; #else /* Default Unix case. Nothing special to do here */ strcpy(outpath,buff); #endif return(*status); } /****************************************************************************/ int fits_get_cwd(char *cwd, /* IO current working directory string */ int *status) /* retrieve the string containing the current working directory absolute path in Unix-like URL standard notation. It is assumed that the CWD string has a size of at least FLEN_FILENAME. Note that this process is platform dependent. This function supports Unix, MSDOS/WIN32, VMS and Macintosh platforms. Each platform dependent code segment is conditionally compiled depending upon the setting of the appropriate C preprocesser macros. */ { char buff[FLEN_FILENAME]; if(*status != 0) return(*status); #if defined(macintosh) /* MacOS case. Currently unknown !!!! */ *buff = 0; #else /* Good old getcwd() seems to work with all other platforms */ if (!getcwd(buff,FLEN_FILENAME)) { cwd[0]=0; ffpmsg("Path and file name too long (fits_get_cwd)"); return (*status=URL_PARSE_ERROR); } #endif /* convert the cwd string to a URL standard path string */ fits_path2url(buff,FLEN_FILENAME,cwd,status); return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_get_url(fitsfile *fptr, /* I ptr to FITS file to evaluate */ char *realURL, /* O URL of real FITS file */ char *startURL, /* O URL of starting FITS file */ char *realAccess, /* O true access method of FITS file */ char *startAccess,/* O "official" access of FITS file */ int *iostate, /* O can this file be modified? */ int *status) /* For grouping convention purposes, determine the URL of the FITS file associated with the fitsfile pointer fptr. The true access type (file://, mem://, shmem://, root://), starting "official" access type, and iostate (0 ==> readonly, 1 ==> readwrite) are also returned. It is assumed that the url string has enough room to hold the resulting URL, and the the accessType string has enough room to hold the access type. */ { int i; int tmpIOstate = 0; char infile[FLEN_FILENAME]; char outfile[FLEN_FILENAME]; char tmpStr1[FLEN_FILENAME]; char tmpStr2[FLEN_FILENAME]; char tmpStr3[FLEN_FILENAME]; char tmpStr4[FLEN_FILENAME]; char *tmpPtr; if(*status != 0) return(*status); do { /* retrieve the member HDU's file name as opened by ffopen() and parse it into its constitutent pieces; get the currently active driver token too */ *tmpStr1 = *tmpStr2 = *tmpStr3 = *tmpStr4 = 0; *status = fits_file_name(fptr,tmpStr1,status); *status = ffiurl(tmpStr1,NULL,infile,outfile,NULL,tmpStr2,tmpStr3, tmpStr4,status); if((*tmpStr2) || (*tmpStr3) || (*tmpStr4)) tmpIOstate = -1; *status = ffurlt(fptr,tmpStr3,status); strcpy(tmpStr4,tmpStr3); *status = ffrtnm(tmpStr1,tmpStr2,status); strcpy(tmpStr1,tmpStr2); /* for grouping convention purposes (only) determine the URL of the actual FITS file being used for the given fptr, its true access type (file://, mem://, shmem://, root://) and its iostate (0 ==> read only, 1 ==> readwrite) */ /* The first set of access types are "simple" in that they do not use any redirection to temporary memory or outfiles */ /* standard disk file driver is in use */ if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"file://") == 0) { tmpIOstate = 1; if(strlen(outfile)) strcpy(tmpStr1,outfile); else *tmpStr2 = 0; /* make sure no FILE:// specifier is given in the tmpStr1 or tmpStr2 strings; the convention calls for local files to have no access specification */ if((tmpPtr = strstr(tmpStr1,"://")) != NULL) { strcpy(infile,tmpPtr+3); strcpy(tmpStr1,infile); } if((tmpPtr = strstr(tmpStr2,"://")) != NULL) { strcpy(infile,tmpPtr+3); strcpy(tmpStr2,infile); } } /* file stored in conventional memory */ else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"mem://") == 0) { if(tmpIOstate < 0) { /* file is a temp mem file only */ ffpmsg("cannot make URL from temp MEM:// file (fits_get_url)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; } else { /* file is a "perminate" mem file for this process */ tmpIOstate = 1; *tmpStr2 = 0; } } /* file stored in conventional memory */ else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"memkeep://") == 0) { strcpy(tmpStr3,"mem://"); *tmpStr4 = 0; *tmpStr2 = 0; tmpIOstate = 1; } /* file residing in shared memory */ else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"shmem://") == 0) { *tmpStr4 = 0; *tmpStr2 = 0; tmpIOstate = 1; } /* file accessed via the ROOT network protocol */ else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"root://") == 0) { *tmpStr4 = 0; *tmpStr2 = 0; tmpIOstate = 1; } /* the next set of access types redirect the contents of the original file to an special outfile because the original could not be directly modified (i.e., resides on the network, was compressed). In these cases the URL string takes on the value of the OUTFILE, the access type becomes file://, and the iostate is set to 1 (can read/write to the file). */ /* compressed file uncompressed and written to disk */ else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"compressfile://") == 0) { strcpy(tmpStr1,outfile); strcpy(tmpStr2,infile); strcpy(tmpStr3,"file://"); strcpy(tmpStr4,"file://"); tmpIOstate = 1; } /* HTTP accessed file written locally to disk */ else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"httpfile://") == 0) { strcpy(tmpStr1,outfile); strcpy(tmpStr3,"file://"); strcpy(tmpStr4,"http://"); tmpIOstate = 1; } /* FTP accessd file written locally to disk */ else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"ftpfile://") == 0) { strcpy(tmpStr1,outfile); strcpy(tmpStr3,"file://"); strcpy(tmpStr4,"ftp://"); tmpIOstate = 1; } /* file from STDIN written to disk */ else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"stdinfile://") == 0) { strcpy(tmpStr1,outfile); strcpy(tmpStr3,"file://"); strcpy(tmpStr4,"stdin://"); tmpIOstate = 1; } /* the following access types use memory resident files as temporary storage; they cannot be modified or be made group members for grouping conventions purposes, but their original files can be. Thus, their tmpStr3s are reset to mem://, their iostate values are set to 0 (for no-modification), and their URL string values remain set to their original values */ /* compressed disk file uncompressed into memory */ else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"compress://") == 0) { *tmpStr1 = 0; strcpy(tmpStr2,infile); strcpy(tmpStr3,"mem://"); strcpy(tmpStr4,"file://"); tmpIOstate = 0; } /* HTTP accessed file transferred into memory */ else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"http://") == 0) { *tmpStr1 = 0; strcpy(tmpStr3,"mem://"); strcpy(tmpStr4,"http://"); tmpIOstate = 0; } /* HTTP accessed compressed file transferred into memory */ else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"httpcompress://") == 0) { *tmpStr1 = 0; strcpy(tmpStr3,"mem://"); strcpy(tmpStr4,"http://"); tmpIOstate = 0; } /* FTP accessed file transferred into memory */ else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"ftp://") == 0) { *tmpStr1 = 0; strcpy(tmpStr3,"mem://"); strcpy(tmpStr4,"ftp://"); tmpIOstate = 0; } /* FTP accessed compressed file transferred into memory */ else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"ftpcompress://") == 0) { *tmpStr1 = 0; strcpy(tmpStr3,"mem://"); strcpy(tmpStr4,"ftp://"); tmpIOstate = 0; } /* The last set of access types cannot be used to make a meaningful URL strings from; thus an error is generated */ else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"stdin://") == 0) { *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; ffpmsg("cannot make valid URL from stdin:// (fits_get_url)"); *tmpStr1 = *tmpStr2 = 0; } else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"stdout://") == 0) { *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; ffpmsg("cannot make valid URL from stdout:// (fits_get_url)"); *tmpStr1 = *tmpStr2 = 0; } else if(fits_strcasecmp(tmpStr3,"irafmem://") == 0) { *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; ffpmsg("cannot make valid URL from irafmem:// (fits_get_url)"); *tmpStr1 = *tmpStr2 = 0; } if(*status != 0) continue; /* assign values to the calling parameters if they are non-NULL */ if(realURL != NULL) { if(strlen(tmpStr1) == 0) *realURL = 0; else { if((tmpPtr = strstr(tmpStr1,"://")) != NULL) { tmpPtr += 3; i = (long)tmpPtr - (long)tmpStr1; strncpy(realURL,tmpStr1,i); } else { tmpPtr = tmpStr1; i = 0; } *status = fits_path2url(tmpPtr,FLEN_FILENAME-i,realURL+i,status); } } if(startURL != NULL) { if(strlen(tmpStr2) == 0) *startURL = 0; else { if((tmpPtr = strstr(tmpStr2,"://")) != NULL) { tmpPtr += 3; i = (long)tmpPtr - (long)tmpStr2; strncpy(startURL,tmpStr2,i); } else { tmpPtr = tmpStr2; i = 0; } *status = fits_path2url(tmpPtr,FLEN_FILENAME-i,startURL+i,status); } } if(realAccess != NULL) strcpy(realAccess,tmpStr3); if(startAccess != NULL) strcpy(startAccess,tmpStr4); if(iostate != NULL) *iostate = tmpIOstate; }while(0); return(*status); } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------- URL parse support functions --------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* simple push/pop/shift/unshift string stack for use by fits_clean_url */ typedef char* grp_stack_data; /* type of data held by grp_stack */ typedef struct grp_stack_item_struct { grp_stack_data data; /* value of this stack item */ struct grp_stack_item_struct* next; /* next stack item */ struct grp_stack_item_struct* prev; /* previous stack item */ } grp_stack_item; typedef struct grp_stack_struct { size_t stack_size; /* number of items on stack */ grp_stack_item* top; /* top item */ } grp_stack; static char* grp_stack_default = NULL; /* initial value for new instances of grp_stack_data */ /* the following functions implement the group string stack grp_stack */ static void delete_grp_stack(grp_stack** mystack); static grp_stack_item* grp_stack_append( grp_stack_item* last, grp_stack_data data ); static grp_stack_data grp_stack_remove(grp_stack_item* last); static grp_stack* new_grp_stack(void); static grp_stack_data pop_grp_stack(grp_stack* mystack); static void push_grp_stack(grp_stack* mystack, grp_stack_data data); static grp_stack_data shift_grp_stack(grp_stack* mystack); /* static void unshift_grp_stack(grp_stack* mystack, grp_stack_data data); */ int fits_clean_url(char *inURL, /* I input URL string */ char *outURL, /* O output URL string */ int *status) /* clean the URL by eliminating any ".." or "." specifiers in the inURL string, and write the output to the outURL string. Note that this function must have a valid Unix-style URL as input; platform dependent path strings are not allowed. */ { grp_stack* mystack; /* stack to hold pieces of URL */ char* tmp; char *saveptr; if(*status) return *status; mystack = new_grp_stack(); *outURL = 0; do { /* handle URL scheme and domain if they exist */ tmp = strstr(inURL, "://"); if(tmp) { /* there is a URL scheme, so look for the end of the domain too */ tmp = strchr(tmp + 3, '/'); if(tmp) { /* tmp is now the end of the domain, so * copy URL scheme and domain as is, and terminate by hand */ size_t string_size = (size_t) (tmp - inURL); strncpy(outURL, inURL, string_size); outURL[string_size] = 0; /* now advance the input pointer to just after the domain and go on */ inURL = tmp; } else { /* '/' was not found, which means there are no path-like * portions, so copy whole inURL to outURL and we're done */ strcpy(outURL, inURL); continue; /* while(0) */ } } /* explicitly copy a leading / (absolute path) */ if('/' == *inURL) strcat(outURL, "/"); /* now clean the remainder of the inURL. push URL segments onto * stack, dealing with .. and . as we go */ tmp = ffstrtok(inURL, "/",&saveptr); /* finds first / */ while(tmp) { if(!strcmp(tmp, "..")) { /* discard previous URL segment, if there was one. if not, * add the .. to the stack if this is *not* an absolute path * (for absolute paths, leading .. has no effect, so skip it) */ if(0 < mystack->stack_size) pop_grp_stack(mystack); else if('/' != *inURL) push_grp_stack(mystack, tmp); } else { /* always just skip ., but otherwise add segment to stack */ if(strcmp(tmp, ".")) push_grp_stack(mystack, tmp); } tmp = ffstrtok(NULL, "/",&saveptr); /* get the next segment */ } /* stack now has pieces of cleaned URL, so just catenate them * onto output string until stack is empty */ while(0 < mystack->stack_size) { tmp = shift_grp_stack(mystack); if (strlen(outURL) + strlen(tmp) + 1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { outURL[0]=0; ffpmsg("outURL is too long (fits_clean_url)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; delete_grp_stack(&mystack); return *status; } strcat(outURL, tmp); strcat(outURL, "/"); } outURL[strlen(outURL) - 1] = 0; /* blank out trailing / */ } while(0); delete_grp_stack(&mystack); return *status; } /* free all stack contents using pop_grp_stack before freeing the * grp_stack itself */ static void delete_grp_stack(grp_stack** mystack) { if(!mystack || !*mystack) return; while((*mystack)->stack_size) pop_grp_stack(*mystack); free(*mystack); *mystack = NULL; } /* append an item to the stack, handling the special case of the first * item appended */ static grp_stack_item* grp_stack_append( grp_stack_item* last, grp_stack_data data ) { /* first create a new stack item, and copy data to it */ grp_stack_item* new_item = (grp_stack_item*) malloc(sizeof(grp_stack_item)); new_item->data = data; if(last) { /* attach this item between the "last" item and its "next" item */ new_item->next = last->next; new_item->prev = last; last->next->prev = new_item; last->next = new_item; } else { /* stack is empty, so "next" and "previous" both point back to it */ new_item->next = new_item; new_item->prev = new_item; } return new_item; } /* remove an item from the stack, handling the special case of the last * item removed */ static grp_stack_data grp_stack_remove(grp_stack_item* last) { grp_stack_data retval = last->data; last->prev->next = last->next; last->next->prev = last->prev; free(last); return retval; } /* create new stack dynamically, and give it valid initial values */ static grp_stack* new_grp_stack(void) { grp_stack* retval = (grp_stack*) malloc(sizeof(grp_stack)); if(retval) { retval->stack_size = 0; retval->top = NULL; } return retval; } /* return the value at the top of the stack and remove it, updating * stack_size. top->prev becomes the new "top" */ static grp_stack_data pop_grp_stack(grp_stack* mystack) { grp_stack_data retval = grp_stack_default; if(mystack && mystack->top) { grp_stack_item* newtop = mystack->top->prev; retval = grp_stack_remove(mystack->top); mystack->top = newtop; if(0 == --mystack->stack_size) mystack->top = NULL; } return retval; } /* add to the stack after the top element. the added element becomes * the new "top" */ static void push_grp_stack(grp_stack* mystack, grp_stack_data data) { if(!mystack) return; mystack->top = grp_stack_append(mystack->top, data); ++mystack->stack_size; return; } /* return the value at the bottom of the stack and remove it, updating * stack_size. "top" pointer is unaffected */ static grp_stack_data shift_grp_stack(grp_stack* mystack) { grp_stack_data retval = grp_stack_default; if(mystack && mystack->top) { retval = grp_stack_remove(mystack->top->next); /* top->next == bottom */ if(0 == --mystack->stack_size) mystack->top = NULL; } return retval; } /* add to the stack after the top element. "top" is unaffected, except * in the special case of an initially empty stack */ /* static void unshift_grp_stack(grp_stack* mystack, grp_stack_data data) { if(!mystack) return; if(mystack->top) grp_stack_append(mystack->top, data); else mystack->top = grp_stack_append(NULL, data); ++mystack->stack_size; return; } */ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_url2relurl(char *refURL, /* I reference URL string */ char *absURL, /* I absoulute URL string to process */ char *relURL, /* O resulting relative URL string */ int *status) /* create a relative URL to the file referenced by absURL with respect to the reference URL refURL. The relative URL is returned in relURL. Both refURL and absURL must be absolute URL strings; i.e. either begin with an access method specification "XXX://" or with a '/' character signifiying that they are absolute file paths. Note that it is possible to make a relative URL from two input URLs (absURL and refURL) that are not compatable. This function does not check to see if the resulting relative URL makes any sence. For instance, it is impossible to make a relative URL from the following two inputs: absURL = ftp://a.b.c.com/x/y/z/foo.fits refURL = /a/b/c/ttt.fits The resulting relURL will be: ../../../ftp://a.b.c.com/x/y/z/foo.fits Which is syntically correct but meaningless. The problem is that a file with an access method of ftp:// cannot be expressed a a relative URL to a local disk file. */ { int i,j; int refcount,abscount; int refsize,abssize; int done; if(*status != 0) return(*status); /* initialize the relative URL string */ relURL[0] = 0; do { /* refURL and absURL must be absolute to process */ if(!(fits_is_url_absolute(refURL) || *refURL == '/') || !(fits_is_url_absolute(absURL) || *absURL == '/')) { *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; ffpmsg("Cannot make rel. URL from non abs. URLs (fits_url2relurl)"); continue; } /* determine the size of the refURL and absURL strings */ refsize = strlen(refURL); abssize = strlen(absURL); /* process the two URL strings and build the relative URL between them */ for(done = 0, refcount = 0, abscount = 0; !done && refcount < refsize && abscount < abssize; ++refcount, ++abscount) { for(; abscount < abssize && absURL[abscount] == '/'; ++abscount); for(; refcount < refsize && refURL[refcount] == '/'; ++refcount); /* find the next path segment in absURL */ for(i = abscount; absURL[i] != '/' && i < abssize; ++i); /* find the next path segment in refURL */ for(j = refcount; refURL[j] != '/' && j < refsize; ++j); /* do the two path segments match? */ if(i == j && strncmp(absURL+abscount, refURL+refcount,i-refcount) == 0) { /* they match, so ignore them and continue */ abscount = i; refcount = j; continue; } /* We found a difference in the paths in refURL and absURL. For every path segment remaining in the refURL string, append a "../" path segment to the relataive URL relURL. */ for(j = refcount; j < refsize; ++j) if(refURL[j] == '/') { if (strlen(relURL)+3 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; ffpmsg("relURL too long (fits_url2relurl)"); return (*status); } strcat(relURL,"../"); } /* copy all remaining characters of absURL to the output relURL */ if (strlen(relURL) + strlen(absURL+abscount) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; ffpmsg("relURL too long (fits_url2relurl)"); return (*status); } strcat(relURL,absURL+abscount); /* we are done building the relative URL */ done = 1; } }while(0); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_relurl2url(char *refURL, /* I reference URL string */ char *relURL, /* I relative URL string to process */ char *absURL, /* O absolute URL string */ int *status) /* create an absolute URL from a relative url and a reference URL. The reference URL is given by the FITS file pointed to by fptr. The construction of the absolute URL from the partial and reference URl is performed using the rules set forth in: http://www.w3.org/Addressing/URL/URL_TOC.html and http://www.w3.org/Addressing/URL/4_3_Partial.html Note that the relative URL string relURL must conform to the Unix-like URL syntax; host dependent partial URL strings are not allowed. */ { int i; char tmpStr[FLEN_FILENAME]; char *tmpStr1, *tmpStr2; if(*status != 0) return(*status); do { /* make a copy of the reference URL string refURL for parsing purposes */ if (strlen(refURL) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { absURL[0]=0; ffpmsg("ref URL is too long (fits_relurl2url)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcpy(tmpStr,refURL); /* if the reference file has an access method of mem:// or shmem:// then we cannot use it as the basis of an absolute URL construction for a partial URL */ if(fits_strncasecmp(tmpStr,"MEM:",4) == 0 || fits_strncasecmp(tmpStr,"SHMEM:",6) == 0) { ffpmsg("ref URL has access mem:// or shmem:// (fits_relurl2url)"); ffpmsg(" cannot construct full URL from a partial URL and "); ffpmsg(" MEM/SHMEM base URL"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } if(relURL[0] != '/') { /* just append the relative URL string to the reference URL string (minus the reference URL file name) to form the absolute URL string */ tmpStr1 = strrchr(tmpStr,'/'); if(tmpStr1 != NULL) tmpStr1[1] = 0; else tmpStr[0] = 0; if (strlen(tmpStr)+strlen(relURL) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { absURL[0]=0; ffpmsg("rel + ref URL is too long (fits_relurl2url)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcat(tmpStr,relURL); } else { /* have to parse the refURL string for the first occurnace of the same number of '/' characters as contained in the beginning of location that is not followed by a greater number of consective '/' charaters (yes, that is a confusing statement); this is the location in the refURL string where the relURL string is to be appended to form the new absolute URL string */ /* first, build up a slash pattern string that has one more slash in it than the starting slash pattern of the relURL string */ strcpy(absURL,"/"); for(i = 0; relURL[i] == '/'; ++i) { if (strlen(absURL) + 1 > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { absURL[0]=0; ffpmsg("abs URL is too long (fits_relurl2url)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; return (*status); } strcat(absURL,"/"); } /* loop over the refURL string until the slash pattern stored in absURL is no longer found */ for(tmpStr1 = tmpStr, i = strlen(absURL); (tmpStr2 = strstr(tmpStr1,absURL)) != NULL; tmpStr1 = tmpStr2 + i); /* reduce the slash pattern string by one slash */ absURL[i-1] = 0; /* search for the slash pattern in the remaining portion of the refURL string */ tmpStr2 = strstr(tmpStr1,absURL); /* if no slash pattern match was found */ if(tmpStr2 == NULL) { /* just strip off the file name from the refURL */ tmpStr2 = strrchr(tmpStr1,'/'); if(tmpStr2 != NULL) tmpStr2[0] = 0; else tmpStr[0] = 0; } else { /* set a string terminator at the slash pattern match */ *tmpStr2 = 0; } /* conatenate the relURL string to the refURL string to form the absURL */ if (strlen(tmpStr)+strlen(relURL) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { absURL[0]=0; ffpmsg("rel + ref URL is too long (fits_relurl2url)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; continue; } strcat(tmpStr,relURL); } /* normalize the absURL by removing any ".." or "." specifiers in the string */ *status = fits_clean_url(tmpStr,absURL,status); }while(0); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_encode_url(char *inpath, /* I URL to be encoded */ int maxlength, /* I max number of chars that may be copied to outpath, including terminating NULL. */ char *outpath, /* O output encoded URL */ int *status) /* encode all URL "unsafe" and "reserved" characters using the "%XX" convention, where XX stand for the two hexidecimal digits of the encode character's ASCII code. Note that the outpath length, as specified by the maxlength argument, should be at least as large as inpath and preferably larger (to hold any characters that need encoding). If more than maxlength chars are required for outpath, including the terminating NULL, outpath will be set to size 0 and an error status will be returned. This function was adopted from code in the libwww.a library available via the W3 consortium */ { unsigned char a; char *p; char *q; char *hex = "0123456789ABCDEF"; int iout=0; unsigned const char isAcceptable[96] = {/* 0x0 0x1 0x2 0x3 0x4 0x5 0x6 0x7 0x8 0x9 0xA 0xB 0xC 0xD 0xE 0xF */ 0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0xF,0xE,0x0,0xF,0xF,0xC, /* 2x !"#$%&'()*+,-./ */ 0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0x8,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0, /* 3x 0123456789:;<=>? */ 0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF, /* 4x @ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO */ 0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0xF, /* 5X PQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_ */ 0x0,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF, /* 6x `abcdefghijklmno */ 0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0xF,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0,0x0 /* 7X pqrstuvwxyz{\}~DEL */ }; if(*status != 0) return(*status); /* loop over all characters in inpath until '\0' is encountered */ for(q = outpath, p = inpath; *p && (iout < maxlength-1) ; p++) { a = (unsigned char)*p; /* if the charcter requires encoding then process it */ if(!( a>=32 && a<128 && (isAcceptable[a-32]))) { if (iout+2 < maxlength-1) { /* add a '%' character to the outpath */ *q++ = HEX_ESCAPE; /* add the most significant ASCII code hex value */ *q++ = hex[a >> 4]; /* add the least significant ASCII code hex value */ *q++ = hex[a & 15]; iout += 3; } else { ffpmsg("URL input is too long to encode (fits_encode_url)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; outpath[0] = 0; return (*status); } } /* else just copy the character as is */ else { *q++ = *p; iout++; } } /* null terminate the outpath string */ if (*p && (iout == maxlength-1)) { ffpmsg("URL input is too long to encode (fits_encode_url)"); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; outpath[0] = 0; return (*status); } *q++ = 0; return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_unencode_url(char *inpath, /* I input URL with encoding */ char *outpath, /* O unencoded URL */ int *status) /* unencode all URL "unsafe" and "reserved" characters to their actual ASCII representation. All tokens of the form "%XX" where XX is the hexidecimal code for an ASCII character, are searched for and translated into the actuall ASCII character (so three chars become 1 char). It is assumed that OUTPATH has enough room to hold the unencoded URL. This function was adopted from code in the libwww.a library available via the W3 consortium */ { char *p; char *q; char c; if(*status != 0) return(*status); p = inpath; q = outpath; /* loop over all characters in the inpath looking for the '%' escape character; if found the process the escape sequence */ while(*p != 0) { /* if the character is '%' then unencode the sequence, else just copy the character from inpath to outpath */ if (*p == HEX_ESCAPE) { if((c = *(++p)) != 0) { *q = ( (c >= '0' && c <= '9') ? (c - '0') : ((c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') ? (c - 'A' + 10) : (c - 'a' + 10)) )*16; if((c = *(++p)) != 0) { *q = *q + ( (c >= '0' && c <= '9') ? (c - '0') : ((c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') ? (c - 'A' + 10) : (c - 'a' + 10)) ); p++, q++; } } } else *q++ = *p++; } /* terminate the outpath */ *q = 0; return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_is_url_absolute(char *url) /* Return a True (1) or False (0) value indicating whether or not the passed URL string contains an access method specifier or not. Note that this is a boolean function and it neither reads nor returns the standard error status parameter */ { char *tmpStr1, *tmpStr2; char reserved[] = {':',';','/','?','@','&','=','+','$',','}; /* The rule for determing if an URL is relative or absolute is that it (1) must have a colon ":" and (2) that the colon must appear before any other reserved URL character in the URL string. We first see if a colon exists, get its position in the string, and then check to see if any of the other reserved characters exists and if their position in the string is greater than that of the colons. */ if( (tmpStr1 = strchr(url,reserved[0])) != NULL && ((tmpStr2 = strchr(url,reserved[1])) == NULL || tmpStr2 > tmpStr1) && ((tmpStr2 = strchr(url,reserved[2])) == NULL || tmpStr2 > tmpStr1) && ((tmpStr2 = strchr(url,reserved[3])) == NULL || tmpStr2 > tmpStr1) && ((tmpStr2 = strchr(url,reserved[4])) == NULL || tmpStr2 > tmpStr1) && ((tmpStr2 = strchr(url,reserved[5])) == NULL || tmpStr2 > tmpStr1) && ((tmpStr2 = strchr(url,reserved[6])) == NULL || tmpStr2 > tmpStr1) && ((tmpStr2 = strchr(url,reserved[7])) == NULL || tmpStr2 > tmpStr1) && ((tmpStr2 = strchr(url,reserved[8])) == NULL || tmpStr2 > tmpStr1) && ((tmpStr2 = strchr(url,reserved[9])) == NULL || tmpStr2 > tmpStr1) ) { return(1); } else { return(0); } } cfitsio-4.3.1/f77_wrap3.c0000644000225700000360000010177613472024437014352 0ustar cagordonlhea/************************************************************************ f77_wrap1.c and f77_wrap2.c have now been split into 4 files to prevent compile-time memory errors (from expansion of compiler commands). f77_wrap1.c was split into f77_wrap1.c and f77_wrap3.c, and f77_wrap2.c was split into f77_wrap2.c and f77_wrap4.c: f77_wrap1.c contains routines operating on whole files and some utility routines. f77_wrap2.c contains routines operating on primary array, image, or column elements. f77_wrap3.c contains routines operating on headers & keywords. f77_wrap4.c contains miscellaneous routines. Peter's original comments: Together, f77_wrap1.c and f77_wrap2.c contain C wrappers for all the CFITSIO routines prototyped in fitsio.h, except for the generic datatype routines and features not supported in fortran (eg, unsigned integers), a few routines prototyped in fitsio2.h, which only a handful of FTOOLS use, plus a few obsolete FITSIO routines not present in CFITSIO. This file allows Fortran code to use the CFITSIO library instead of the FITSIO library without modification. It also gives access to new routines not present in FITSIO. Fortran FTOOLS must continue using the old routine names from FITSIO (ie, ftxxxx), but most of the C-wrappers simply redirect those calls to the corresponding CFITSIO routines (ie, ffxxxx), with appropriate parameter massaging where necessary. The main exception are read/write routines ending in j (ie, long data) which get redirected to C routines ending in k (ie, int data). This is more consistent with the default integer type in Fortran. f77_wrap1.c primarily holds routines operating on whole files and extension headers. f77_wrap2.c handle routines which read and write the data portion, plus miscellaneous extra routines. File created by Peter Wilson (HSTX), Oct-Dec. 1997 ************************************************************************/ #include "fitsio2.h" #include "f77_wrap.h" /*----------------- write single keywords --------------*/ FCALLSCSUB3(ffprec,FTPREC,ftprec,FITSUNIT,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB3(ffpcom,FTPCOM,ftpcom,FITSUNIT,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB4(ffpunt,FTPUNT,ftpunt,FITSUNIT,STRING,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB3(ffphis,FTPHIS,ftphis,FITSUNIT,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB2(ffpdat,FTPDAT,ftpdat,FITSUNIT,PINT) FCALLSCSUB3(ffgstm,FTGSTM,ftgstm,PSTRING,PINT,PINT) FCALLSCSUB4(ffgsdt,FTGSDT,ftgsdt,PINT,PINT,PINT,PINT) FCALLSCSUB5(ffdt2s,FTDT2S,ftdt2s,INT,INT,INT,PSTRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB9(fftm2s,FTTM2S,fttm2s,INT,INT,INT,INT,INT,DOUBLE,INT,PSTRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB5(ffs2dt,FTS2DT,fts2dt,STRING,PINT,PINT,PINT,PINT) FCALLSCSUB8(ffs2tm,FTS2TM,fts2tm,STRING,PINT,PINT,PINT,PINT,PINT,PDOUBLE,PINT) FCALLSCSUB4(ffpkyu,FTPKYU,ftpkyu,FITSUNIT,STRING,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB5(ffpkys,FTPKYS,ftpkys,FITSUNIT,STRING,STRING,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB5(ffpkls,FTPKLS,ftpkls,FITSUNIT,STRING,STRING,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB2(ffplsw,FTPLSW,ftplsw,FITSUNIT,PINT) FCALLSCSUB5(ffpkyl,FTPKYL,ftpkyl,FITSUNIT,STRING,INT,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB5(ffpkyj,FTPKYJ,ftpkyj,FITSUNIT,STRING,LONG,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB5(ffpkyj,FTPKYK,ftpkyk,FITSUNIT,STRING,LONGLONG,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB6(ffpkyf,FTPKYF,ftpkyf,FITSUNIT,STRING,FLOAT,INT,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB6(ffpkye,FTPKYE,ftpkye,FITSUNIT,STRING,FLOAT,INT,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB6(ffpkyg,FTPKYG,ftpkyg,FITSUNIT,STRING,DOUBLE,INT,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB6(ffpkyd,FTPKYD,ftpkyd,FITSUNIT,STRING,DOUBLE,INT,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB6(ffpkyc,FTPKYC,ftpkyc,FITSUNIT,STRING,FLOATV,INT,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB6(ffpkym,FTPKYM,ftpkym,FITSUNIT,STRING,DOUBLEV,INT,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB6(ffpkfc,FTPKFC,ftpkfc,FITSUNIT,STRING,FLOATV,INT,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB6(ffpkfm,FTPKFM,ftpkfm,FITSUNIT,STRING,DOUBLEV,INT,STRING,PINT) FCALLSCSUB6(ffpkyt,FTPKYT,ftpkyt,FITSUNIT,STRING,LONG,DOUBLE,STRING,PINT) #define ftptdm_LONGV_A4 A3 FCALLSCSUB5(ffptdm,FTPTDM,ftptdm,FITSUNIT,INT,INT,LONGV,PINT) /*----------------- write array of keywords --------------*/ #define ftpkns_STRV_A5 NUM_ELEM_ARG(4) #define ftpkns_STRV_A6 NUM_ELEM_ARG(4) FCALLSCSUB7(ffpkns,FTPKNS,ftpkns,FITSUNIT,STRING,INT,INT,STRINGV,STRINGV,PINT) /* Must handle LOGICALV conversion manually... ffpknl uses ints */ void Cffpknl( fitsfile *fptr, char *keyroot, int nstart, int nkeys, int *numval, char **comment, int *status ); void Cffpknl( fitsfile *fptr, char *keyroot, int nstart, int nkeys, int *numval, char **comment, int *status ) { int i; for( i=0; i #include #include #include "fitsio2.h" /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffppre( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ float *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of values to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). This routine cannot be called directly by users to write to large arrays with > 2**31 pixels (although CFITSIO can do so by passing the firstelem thru a LONGLONG sized global variable) */ { long row; float nullvalue; /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ fits_write_compressed_pixels(fptr, TFLOAT, firstelem, nelem, 0, array, &nullvalue, status); return(*status); } row=maxvalue(1,group); ffpcle(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, array, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffppne( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ float *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ float nulval, /* I - undefined pixel value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of values to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). Any array values that are equal to the value of nulval will be replaced with the null pixel value that is appropriate for this column. This routine cannot be called directly by users to write to large arrays with > 2**31 pixels (although CFITSIO can do so by passing the firstelem thru a LONGLONG sized global variable) */ { long row; float nullvalue; /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ nullvalue = nulval; /* set local variable */ fits_write_compressed_pixels(fptr, TFLOAT, firstelem, nelem, 1, array, &nullvalue, status); return(*status); } row=maxvalue(1,group); ffpcne(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, array, nulval, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffp2de(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG ncols, /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */ LONGLONG naxis1, /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value */ LONGLONG naxis2, /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value */ float *array, /* I - array to be written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an entire 2-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). This routine does not support writing to large images with more than 2**31 pixels. */ { /* call the 3D writing routine, with the 3rd dimension = 1 */ ffp3de(fptr, group, ncols, naxis2, naxis1, naxis2, 1, array, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffp3de(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG ncols, /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */ LONGLONG nrows, /* I - number of rows in each plane of array */ LONGLONG naxis1, /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value */ LONGLONG naxis2, /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value */ LONGLONG naxis3, /* I - FITS image NAXIS3 value */ float *array, /* I - array to be written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an entire 3-D cube of values to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). This routine does not support writing to large images with more than 2**31 pixels. */ { long tablerow, ii, jj; long fpixel[3]= {1,1,1}, lpixel[3]; LONGLONG nfits, narray; /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ lpixel[0] = (long) ncols; lpixel[1] = (long) nrows; lpixel[2] = (long) naxis3; fits_write_compressed_img(fptr, TFLOAT, fpixel, lpixel, 0, array, NULL, status); return(*status); } tablerow=maxvalue(1,group); if (ncols == naxis1 && nrows == naxis2) /* arrays have same size? */ { /* all the image pixels are contiguous, so write all at once */ ffpcle(fptr, 2, tablerow, 1L, naxis1 * naxis2 * naxis3, array, status); return(*status); } if (ncols < naxis1 || nrows < naxis2) return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); nfits = 1; /* next pixel in FITS image to write to */ narray = 0; /* next pixel in input array to be written */ /* loop over naxis3 planes in the data cube */ for (jj = 0; jj < naxis3; jj++) { /* loop over the naxis2 rows in the FITS image, */ /* writing naxis1 pixels to each row */ for (ii = 0; ii < naxis2; ii++) { if (ffpcle(fptr, 2, tablerow, nfits, naxis1,&array[narray],status) > 0) return(*status); nfits += naxis1; narray += ncols; } narray += (nrows - naxis2) * ncols; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpsse(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group) */ long naxis, /* I - number of data axes in array */ long *naxes, /* I - size of each FITS axis */ long *fpixel, /* I - 1st pixel in each axis to write (1=1st) */ long *lpixel, /* I - last pixel in each axis to write */ float *array, /* I - array to be written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write a subsection of pixels to the primary array or image. A subsection is defined to be any contiguous rectangular array of pixels within the n-dimensional FITS data file. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). */ { long tablerow; LONGLONG fpix[7], dimen[7], astart, pstart; LONGLONG off2, off3, off4, off5, off6, off7; LONGLONG st10, st20, st30, st40, st50, st60, st70; LONGLONG st1, st2, st3, st4, st5, st6, st7; long ii, i1, i2, i3, i4, i5, i6, i7, irange[7]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ fits_write_compressed_img(fptr, TFLOAT, fpixel, lpixel, 0, array, NULL, status); return(*status); } if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 7) return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); tablerow=maxvalue(1,group); /* calculate the size and number of loops to perform in each dimension */ for (ii = 0; ii < 7; ii++) { fpix[ii]=1; irange[ii]=1; dimen[ii]=1; } for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { fpix[ii]=fpixel[ii]; irange[ii]=lpixel[ii]-fpixel[ii]+1; dimen[ii]=naxes[ii]; } i1=irange[0]; /* compute the pixel offset between each dimension */ off2 = dimen[0]; off3 = off2 * dimen[1]; off4 = off3 * dimen[2]; off5 = off4 * dimen[3]; off6 = off5 * dimen[4]; off7 = off6 * dimen[5]; st10 = fpix[0]; st20 = (fpix[1] - 1) * off2; st30 = (fpix[2] - 1) * off3; st40 = (fpix[3] - 1) * off4; st50 = (fpix[4] - 1) * off5; st60 = (fpix[5] - 1) * off6; st70 = (fpix[6] - 1) * off7; /* store the initial offset in each dimension */ st1 = st10; st2 = st20; st3 = st30; st4 = st40; st5 = st50; st6 = st60; st7 = st70; astart = 0; for (i7 = 0; i7 < irange[6]; i7++) { for (i6 = 0; i6 < irange[5]; i6++) { for (i5 = 0; i5 < irange[4]; i5++) { for (i4 = 0; i4 < irange[3]; i4++) { for (i3 = 0; i3 < irange[2]; i3++) { pstart = st1 + st2 + st3 + st4 + st5 + st6 + st7; for (i2 = 0; i2 < irange[1]; i2++) { if (ffpcle(fptr, 2, tablerow, pstart, i1, &array[astart], status) > 0) return(*status); astart += i1; pstart += off2; } st2 = st20; st3 = st3+off3; } st3 = st30; st4 = st4+off4; } st4 = st40; st5 = st5+off5; } st5 = st50; st6 = st6+off6; } st6 = st60; st7 = st7+off7; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpgpe( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group) */ long firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st) */ long nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ float *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of group parameters to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). */ { long row; /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ row=maxvalue(1,group); ffpcle(fptr, 1L, row, firstelem, nelem, array, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpcle( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ float *array, /* I - array of values to write */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of values to a column in the current FITS HDU. The column number may refer to a real column in an ASCII or binary table, or it may refer to a virtual column in a 1 or more grouped FITS primary array. FITSIO treats a primary array as a binary table with 2 vector columns: the first column contains the group parameters (often with length = 0) and the second column contains the array of image pixels. Each row of the table represents a group in the case of multigroup FITS images. The input array of values will be converted to the datatype of the column and will be inverse-scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary. */ { int tcode, maxelem2, hdutype, writeraw; long twidth, incre; long ntodo; LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, wrtptr, rowlen, rownum, remain, next, tnull, maxelem; double scale, zero; char tform[20], cform[20]; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; char snull[20]; /* the FITS null value */ double cbuff[DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double)]; /* align cbuff on word boundary */ void *buffer; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); buffer = cbuff; /*---------------------------------------------------*/ /* Check input and get parameters about the column: */ /*---------------------------------------------------*/ if (ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, &scale, &zero, tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem2, &startpos, &elemnum, &incre, &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0) return(*status); maxelem = maxelem2; if (tcode == TSTRING) ffcfmt(tform, cform); /* derive C format for writing strings */ /* if there is no scaling and the native machine format is not byteswapped then we can simply write the raw data bytes into the FITS file if the datatype of the FITS column is the same as the input values. Otherwise, we must convert the raw values into the scaled and/or machine dependent format in a temporary buffer that has been allocated for this purpose. */ if (scale == 1. && zero == 0. && MACHINE == NATIVE && tcode == TFLOAT) { writeraw = 1; if (nelem < (LONGLONG)INT32_MAX) { maxelem = nelem; } else { maxelem = INT32_MAX/4; } } else writeraw = 0; /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Now write the pixels to the FITS column. */ /* First call the ffXXfYY routine to (1) convert the datatype */ /* if necessary, and (2) scale the values by the FITS TSCALn and */ /* TZEROn linear scaling parameters into a temporary buffer. */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ remain = nelem; /* remaining number of values to write */ next = 0; /* next element in array to be written */ rownum = 0; /* row number, relative to firstrow */ while (remain) { /* limit the number of pixels to process a one time to the number that will fit in the buffer space or to the number of pixels that remain in the current vector, which ever is smaller. */ ntodo = (long) minvalue(remain, maxelem); ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, (repeat - elemnum)); wrtptr = startpos + ((LONGLONG)rownum * rowlen) + (elemnum * incre); ffmbyt(fptr, wrtptr, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* move to write position */ switch (tcode) { case (TFLOAT): if (writeraw) { /* write raw input bytes without conversion */ ffpr4b(fptr, ntodo, incre, &array[next], status); } else { /* convert the raw data before writing to FITS file */ ffr4fr4(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, (float *) buffer, status); ffpr4b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (float *) buffer, status); } break; case (TLONGLONG): ffr4fi8(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, (LONGLONG *) buffer, status); ffpi8b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (long *) buffer, status); break; case (TBYTE): ffr4fi1(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, (unsigned char *) buffer, status); ffpi1b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (unsigned char *) buffer, status); break; case (TSHORT): ffr4fi2(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, (short *) buffer, status); ffpi2b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (short *) buffer, status); break; case (TLONG): ffr4fi4(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, (INT32BIT *) buffer, status); ffpi4b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (INT32BIT *) buffer, status); break; case (TDOUBLE): ffr4fr8(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, (double *) buffer, status); ffpr8b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (double *) buffer, status); break; case (TSTRING): /* numerical column in an ASCII table */ if (cform[1] != 's') /* "%s" format is a string */ { ffr4fstr(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, cform, twidth, (char *) buffer, status); if (incre == twidth) /* contiguous bytes */ ffpbyt(fptr, ntodo * twidth, buffer, status); else ffpbytoff(fptr, twidth, ntodo, incre - twidth, buffer, status); break; } /* can't write to string column, so fall thru to default: */ default: /* error trap */ snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Cannot write numbers to column %d which has format %s", colnum,tform); ffpmsg(message); if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL) return(*status = BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT); else return(*status = BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT); } /* End of switch block */ /*-------------------------*/ /* Check for fatal error */ /*-------------------------*/ if (*status > 0) /* test for error during previous write operation */ { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error writing elements %.0f thru %.0f of input data array (ffpcle).", (double) (next+1), (double) (next+ntodo)); ffpmsg(message); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------*/ /* increment the counters for the next loop */ /*--------------------------------------------*/ remain -= ntodo; if (remain) { next += ntodo; elemnum += ntodo; if (elemnum == repeat) /* completed a row; start on next row */ { elemnum = 0; rownum++; } } } /* End of main while Loop */ /*--------------------------------*/ /* check for numerical overflow */ /*--------------------------------*/ if (*status == OVERFLOW_ERR) { ffpmsg( "Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data."); *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpclc( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ float *array, /* I - array of values to write */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of complex values to a column in the current FITS HDU. Each complex number if interpreted as a pair of float values. The column number may refer to a real column in an ASCII or binary table, or it may refer to a virtual column in a 1 or more grouped FITS primary array. FITSIO treats a primary array as a binary table with 2 vector columns: the first column contains the group parameters (often with length = 0) and the second column contains the array of image pixels. Each row of the table represents a group in the case of multigroup FITS images. The input array of values will be converted to the datatype of the column if necessary, but normally complex values should only be written to a binary table with TFORMn = 'rC' where r is an optional repeat count. The TSCALn and TZERO keywords should not be used with complex numbers because mathmatically the scaling should only be applied to the real (first) component of the complex value. */ { /* simply multiply the number of elements by 2, and call ffpcle */ ffpcle(fptr, colnum, firstrow, (firstelem - 1) * 2 + 1, nelem * 2, array, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpcne( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ float *array, /* I - array of values to write */ float nulvalue, /* I - value used to flag undefined pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of elements to the specified column of a table. Any input pixels equal to the value of nulvalue will be replaced by the appropriate null value in the output FITS file. The input array of values will be converted to the datatype of the column and will be inverse-scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary */ { tcolumn *colptr; LONGLONG ngood = 0, nbad = 0, ii; LONGLONG repeat, first, fstelm, fstrow; int tcode, overflow = 0; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) { ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) { if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); } colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to correct column structure */ tcode = colptr->tdatatype; if (tcode > 0) repeat = colptr->trepeat; /* repeat count for this column */ else repeat = firstelem -1 + nelem; /* variable length arrays */ if (abs(tcode) >= TCOMPLEX) { /* treat complex columns as pairs of numbers */ repeat *= 2; } /* if variable length array, first write the whole input vector, then go back and fill in the nulls */ if (tcode < 0) { if (ffpcle(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, array, status) > 0) { if (*status == NUM_OVERFLOW) { /* ignore overflows, which are possibly the null pixel values */ /* overflow = 1; */ *status = 0; } else { return(*status); } } } /* absolute element number in the column */ first = (firstrow - 1) * repeat + firstelem; for (ii = 0; ii < nelem; ii++) { if (array[ii] != nulvalue) /* is this a good pixel? */ { if (nbad) /* write previous string of bad pixels */ { fstelm = ii - nbad + first; /* absolute element number */ fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1; /* starting row number */ fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat; /* relative number */ /* call ffpcluc, not ffpclu, in case we are writing to a complex ('C') binary table column */ if (ffpcluc(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, nbad, status) > 0) return(*status); nbad=0; } ngood = ngood +1; /* the consecutive number of good pixels */ } else { if (ngood) /* write previous string of good pixels */ { fstelm = ii - ngood + first; /* absolute element number */ fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1; /* starting row number */ fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat; /* relative number */ if (tcode > 0) { /* variable length arrays have already been written */ if (ffpcle(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, ngood, &array[ii-ngood], status) > 0) { if (*status == NUM_OVERFLOW) { overflow = 1; *status = 0; } else { return(*status); } } } ngood=0; } nbad = nbad +1; /* the consecutive number of bad pixels */ } } /* finished loop; now just write the last set of pixels */ if (ngood) /* write last string of good pixels */ { fstelm = ii - ngood + first; /* absolute element number */ fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1; /* starting row number */ fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat; /* relative number */ if (tcode > 0) { /* variable length arrays have already been written */ ffpcle(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, ngood, &array[ii-ngood], status); } } else if (nbad) /* write last string of bad pixels */ { fstelm = ii - nbad + first; /* absolute element number */ fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1; /* starting row number */ fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat; /* relative number */ ffpcluc(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, nbad, status); } if (*status <= 0) { if (overflow) { *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffr4fi1(float *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ unsigned char *output, /* O - output array of converted values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file. Do datatype conversion and scaling if required. */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (input[ii] > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) input[ii]; } } else { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) (dvalue + .5); } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffr4fi2(float *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ short *output, /* O - output array of converted values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file. Do datatype conversion and scaling if required. */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] < DSHRT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = SHRT_MIN; } else if (input[ii] > DSHRT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = SHRT_MAX; } else output[ii] = (short) input[ii]; } } else { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = SHRT_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = SHRT_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0) output[ii] = (short) (dvalue + .5); else output[ii] = (short) (dvalue - .5); } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffr4fi4(float *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ INT32BIT *output, /* O - output array of converted values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file. Do datatype conversion and scaling if required. */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] < DINT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = INT32_MIN; } else if (input[ii] > DINT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = INT32_MAX; } else output[ii] = (INT32BIT) input[ii]; } } else { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DINT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = INT32_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DINT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = INT32_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0) output[ii] = (INT32BIT) (dvalue + .5); else output[ii] = (INT32BIT) (dvalue - .5); } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffr4fi8(float *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ LONGLONG *output, /* O - output array of converted values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file. Do datatype conversion and scaling if required. */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (scale == 1. && zero == 9223372036854775808.) { /* Writing to unsigned long long column. Input values must not be negative */ /* Instead of subtracting 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */ /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] < -0.49) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (input[ii] > 2.* DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else { output[ii] = ((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000; } } } else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (input[ii] > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) input[ii]; } } else { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0) output[ii] = (LONGLONG) (dvalue + .5); else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) (dvalue - .5); } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffr4fr4(float *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ float *output, /* O - output array of converted values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file. Do datatype conversion and scaling if required. */ { long ii; if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) { memcpy(output, input, ntodo * sizeof(float) ); /* copy input to output */ } else { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) output[ii] = (float) ((input[ii] - zero) / scale); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffr4fr8(float *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ double *output, /* O - output array of converted values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file. Do datatype conversion and scaling if required. */ { long ii; if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) output[ii] = (double) input[ii]; } else { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) output[ii] = (input[ii] - zero) / scale; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffr4fstr(float *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ char *cform, /* I - format for output string values */ long twidth, /* I - width of each field, in chars */ char *output, /* O - output array of converted values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file. Do scaling if required. */ { long ii; double dvalue; char *cptr; cptr = output; if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { sprintf(output, cform, (double) input[ii]); output += twidth; if (*output) /* if this char != \0, then overflow occurred */ *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; } } else { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale; sprintf(output, cform, dvalue); output += twidth; if (*output) /* if this char != \0, then overflow occurred */ *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; } } /* replace any commas with periods (e.g., in French locale) */ while ((cptr = strchr(cptr, ','))) *cptr = '.'; return(*status); } cfitsio-4.3.1/testf77.f0000644000225700000360000023441413472024437014135 0ustar cagordonlheaC This is a big and complicated program that tests most of C the fitsio routines. This code does not represent C the most efficient method of reading or writing FITS files C because this code is primarily designed to stress the fitsio C library routines. character asciisum*17 character*3 cval character*1 xinarray(21), binarray(21), boutarray(21), bnul character colname*70, tdisp*40, nulstr*40 character oskey*15 character iskey*21 character lstr*200 character comm*73 character*30 inskey(21) character*30 onskey(3) character filename*40, card*78, card2*78 character keyword*8 character value*68, comment*72 character uchars*78 character*15 ttype(10), tform(10), tunit(10) character*15 tblname character*15 binname character errmsg*75 character*8 inclist(2),exclist(2) character*8 xctype,yctype,ctype character*18 kunit logical simple,extend,larray(42), larray2(42) logical olkey, ilkey, onlkey(3), inlkey(3), anynull integer*2 imgarray(19,30), imgarray2(10,20) integer*2 iinarray(21), ioutarray(21), inul integer naxes(3), pcount, gcount, npixels, nrows, rowlen integer existkeys, morekeys, keynum integer datastatus, hdustatus integer status, bitpix, naxis, block integer ii, jj, jjj, hdutype, hdunum, tfields integer nkeys, nfound, colnum, typecode, signval,nmsg integer repeat, offset, width, jnulval integer kinarray(21), koutarray(21), knul integer jinarray(21), joutarray(21), jnul integer ojkey, ijkey, otint integer onjkey(3), injkey(3) integer tbcol(5) integer iunit, tmpunit integer fpixels(2), lpixels(2), inc(2) real estatus, vers real einarray(21), eoutarray(21), enul, cinarray(42) real ofkey, oekey, iekey, onfkey(3),onekey(3), inekey(3) double precision dinarray(21),doutarray(21),dnul, minarray(42) double precision scale, zero double precision ogkey, odkey, idkey, otfrac, ongkey(3) double precision ondkey(3), indkey(3) double precision checksum, datsum double precision xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot double precision xpos,ypos,xpix,ypix tblname = 'Test-ASCII' binname = 'Test-BINTABLE' onskey(1) = 'first string' onskey(2) = 'second string' onskey(3) = ' ' oskey = 'value_string' inclist(1)='key*' inclist(2)='newikys' exclist(1)='key_pr*' exclist(2)='key_pkls' xctype='RA---TAN' yctype='DEC--TAN' olkey = .true. ojkey = 11 otint = 12345678 ofkey = 12.121212 oekey = 13.131313 ogkey = 14.1414141414141414D+00 odkey = 15.1515151515151515D+00 otfrac = .1234567890123456D+00 onlkey(1) = .true. onlkey(2) = .false. onlkey(3) = .true. onjkey(1) = 11 onjkey(2) = 12 onjkey(3) = 13 onfkey(1) = 12.121212 onfkey(2) = 13.131313 onfkey(3) = 14.141414 onekey(1) = 13.131313 onekey(2) = 14.141414 onekey(3) = 15.151515 ongkey(1) = 14.1414141414141414D+00 ongkey(2) = 15.1515151515151515D+00 ongkey(3) = 16.1616161616161616D+00 ondkey(1) = 15.1515151515151515D+00 ondkey(2) = 16.1616161616161616D+00 ondkey(3) = 17.1717171717171717D+00 tbcol(1) = 1 tbcol(2) = 17 tbcol(3) = 28 tbcol(4) = 43 tbcol(5) = 56 status = 0 call ftvers(vers) write(*,'(1x,A)') 'FITSIO TESTPROG' write(*, '(1x,A)')' ' iunit = 15 tmpunit = 16 write(*,'(1x,A)') 'Try opening then closing a nonexistent file: ' call ftopen(iunit, 'tq123x.kjl', 1, block, status) write(*,'(1x,A,2i4)')' ftopen iunit, status (expect an error) =' & ,iunit, status call ftclos(iunit, status) write(*,'(1x,A,i4)')' ftclos status = ', status write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' call ftcmsg status = 0 filename = 'testf77.fit' C delete previous version of the file, if it exists call ftopen(iunit, filename, 1, block, status) if (status .eq. 0)then call ftdelt(iunit, status) else C clear the error message stack call ftcmsg end if status = 0 C C ##################### C # create FITS file # C ##################### call ftinit(iunit, filename, 1, status) write(*,'(1x,A,i4)')'ftinit create new file status = ', status write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' if (status .ne. 0)go to 999 simple = .true. bitpix = 32 naxis = 2 naxes(1) = 10 naxes(2) = 2 npixels = 20 pcount = 0 gcount = 1 extend = .true. C ############################ C # write single keywords # C ############################ call ftphpr(iunit,simple, bitpix, naxis, naxes, & 0,1,extend,status) call ftprec(iunit, &'key_prec= ''This keyword was written by fxprec'' / '// & 'comment goes here', status) write(*,'(1x,A)') 'test writing of long string keywords: ' card = '1234567890123456789012345678901234567890'// & '12345678901234567890123456789012345' call ftpkys(iunit, 'card1', card, ' ', status) call ftgkey(iunit, 'card1', card2, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card write(*,'(1x,A)') card2 card = '1234567890123456789012345678901234567890'// & '123456789012345678901234''6789012345' call ftpkys(iunit, 'card2', card, ' ', status) call ftgkey(iunit, 'card2', card2, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card write(*,'(1x,A)') card2 card = '1234567890123456789012345678901234567890'// & '123456789012345678901234''''789012345' call ftpkys(iunit, 'card3', card, ' ', status) call ftgkey(iunit, 'card3', card2, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card write(*,'(1x,A)') card2 card = '1234567890123456789012345678901234567890'// & '123456789012345678901234567''9012345' call ftpkys(iunit, 'card4', card, ' ', status) call ftgkey(iunit, 'card4', card2, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card write(*,'(1x,A)') card2 call ftpkys(iunit, 'key_pkys', oskey, 'fxpkys comment', status) call ftpkyl(iunit, 'key_pkyl', olkey, 'fxpkyl comment', status) call ftpkyj(iunit, 'key_pkyj', ojkey, 'fxpkyj comment', status) call ftpkyf(iunit,'key_pkyf',ofkey,5, 'fxpkyf comment', status) call ftpkye(iunit,'key_pkye',oekey,6, 'fxpkye comment', status) call ftpkyg(iunit,'key_pkyg',ogkey,14, 'fxpkyg comment',status) call ftpkyd(iunit,'key_pkyd',odkey,14, 'fxpkyd comment',status) lstr='This is a very long string '// & 'value that is continued over more than one keyword.' call ftpkls(iunit,'key_pkls',lstr,'fxpkls comment',status) call ftplsw(iunit, status) call ftpkyt(iunit,'key_pkyt',otint,otfrac,'fxpkyt comment', & status) call ftpcom(iunit, 'This keyword was written by fxpcom.', & status) call ftphis(iunit, &' This keyword written by fxphis (w/ 2 leading spaces).', & status) call ftpdat(iunit, status) if (status .gt. 0)go to 999 C C ############################### C # write arrays of keywords # C ############################### nkeys = 3 comm = 'fxpkns comment&' call ftpkns(iunit, 'ky_pkns', 1, nkeys, onskey, comm, status) comm = 'fxpknl comment&' call ftpknl(iunit, 'ky_pknl', 1, nkeys, onlkey, comm, status) comm = 'fxpknj comment&' call ftpknj(iunit, 'ky_pknj', 1, nkeys, onjkey, comm, status) comm = 'fxpknf comment&' call ftpknf(iunit, 'ky_pknf', 1, nkeys, onfkey,5,comm,status) comm = 'fxpkne comment&' call ftpkne(iunit, 'ky_pkne', 1, nkeys, onekey,6,comm,status) comm = 'fxpkng comment&' call ftpkng(iunit, 'ky_pkng', 1, nkeys, ongkey,13,comm,status) comm = 'fxpknd comment&' call ftpknd(iunit, 'ky_pknd', 1, nkeys, ondkey,14,comm,status) if (status .gt. 0)go to 999 C ############################ C # write generic keywords # C ############################ oskey = '1' call ftpkys(iunit, 'tstring', oskey, 'tstring comment',status) olkey = .true. call ftpkyl(iunit, 'tlogical', olkey, 'tlogical comment', & status) ojkey = 11 call ftpkyj(iunit, 'tbyte', ojkey, 'tbyte comment', status) ojkey = 21 call ftpkyj(iunit, 'tshort', ojkey, 'tshort comment', status) ojkey = 31 call ftpkyj(iunit, 'tint', ojkey, 'tint comment', status) ojkey = 41 call ftpkyj(iunit, 'tlong', ojkey, 'tlong comment', status) oekey = 42 call ftpkye(iunit, 'tfloat', oekey, 6,'tfloat comment', status) odkey = 82.D+00 call ftpkyd(iunit, 'tdouble', odkey, 14, 'tdouble comment', & status) if (status .gt. 0)go to 999 write(*,'(1x,A)') 'Wrote all Keywords successfully ' C ############################ C # write data # C ############################ C define the null value (must do this before writing any data) call ftpkyj(iunit,'BLANK',-99, & 'value to use for undefined pixels', status) C initialize arrays of values to write to primary array do ii = 1, npixels boutarray(ii) = char(ii) ioutarray(ii) = ii joutarray(ii) = ii eoutarray(ii) = ii doutarray(ii) = ii end do C write a few pixels with each datatype C set the last value in each group of 4 as undefined call ftpprb(iunit, 1, 1, 2, boutarray(1), status) call ftppri(iunit, 1, 5, 2, ioutarray(5), status) call ftpprj(iunit, 1, 9, 2, joutarray(9), status) call ftppre(iunit, 1, 13, 2, eoutarray(13), status) call ftpprd(iunit, 1, 17, 2, doutarray(17), status) bnul = char(4) call ftppnb(iunit, 1, 3, 2, boutarray(3), bnul, status) inul = 8 call ftppni(iunit, 1, 7, 2, ioutarray(7), inul, status) call ftppnj(iunit, 1, 11, 2, joutarray(11), 12, status) call ftppne(iunit, 1, 15, 2, eoutarray(15), 16., status) dnul = 20. call ftppnd(iunit, 1, 19, 2, doutarray(19), dnul, status) call ftppru(iunit, 1, 1, 1, status) if (status .gt. 0)then write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'ftppnx status = ', status goto 999 end if call ftflus(iunit, status) C flush all data to the disk file write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'ftflus status = ', status write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' call ftghdn(iunit, hdunum) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'HDU number = ', hdunum C ############################ C # read data # C ############################ C read back the data, setting null values = 99 write(*,'(1x,A)') & 'Values read back from primary array (99 = null pixel)' write(*,'(1x,A)') & 'The 1st, and every 4th pixel should be undefined: ' anynull = .false. bnul = char(99) call ftgpvb(iunit, 1, 1, 10, bnul, binarray, anynull, status) call ftgpvb(iunit, 1, 11, 10, bnul, binarray(11),anynull,status) do ii = 1,npixels iinarray(ii) = ichar(binarray(ii)) end do write(*,1101) (iinarray(ii), ii = 1, npixels), anynull, & ' (ftgpvb) ' 1101 format(1x,20i3,l3,a) inul = 99 call ftgpvi(iunit, 1, 1, npixels, inul, iinarray,anynull,status) write(*,1101) (iinarray(ii), ii = 1, npixels), anynull, & ' (ftgpvi) ' call ftgpvj(iunit, 1, 1, npixels, 99, jinarray,anynull,status) write(*,1101) (jinarray(ii), ii = 1, npixels), anynull, & ' (ftgpvj) ' call ftgpve(iunit, 1, 1, npixels, 99., einarray,anynull,status) write(*,1102) (einarray(ii), ii = 1, npixels), anynull, & ' (ftgpve) ' 1102 format(2x,20f3.0,l2,a) dnul = 99. call ftgpvd(iunit, 1, 1, 10, dnul, dinarray, anynull, status) call ftgpvd(iunit, 1, 11, 10, dnul,dinarray(11),anynull,status) write(*,1102) (dinarray(ii), ii = 1, npixels), anynull, & ' (ftgpvd) ' if (status .gt. 0)then write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'ERROR: ftgpv_ status = ', status goto 999 end if if (.not. anynull)then write(*,'(1x,A)') 'ERROR: ftgpv_ did not detect null values ' go to 999 end if C reset the output null value to the expected input value do ii = 4, npixels, 4 boutarray(ii) = char(99) ioutarray(ii) = 99 joutarray(ii) = 99 eoutarray(ii) = 99. doutarray(ii) = 99. end do ii = 1 boutarray(ii) = char(99) ioutarray(ii) = 99 joutarray(ii) = 99 eoutarray(ii) = 99. doutarray(ii) = 99. C compare the output with the input flag any differences do ii = 1, npixels if (boutarray(ii) .ne. binarray(ii))then write(*,'(1x,A,2A2)') 'bout != bin ', boutarray(ii), & binarray(ii) end if if (ioutarray(ii) .ne. iinarray(ii))then write(*,'(1x,A,2I8)') 'bout != bin ', ioutarray(ii), & iinarray(ii) end if if (joutarray(ii) .ne. jinarray(ii))then write(*,'(1x,A,2I12)') 'bout != bin ', joutarray(ii), & jinarray(ii) end if if (eoutarray(ii) .ne. einarray(ii))then write(*,'(1x,A,2E15.3)') 'bout != bin ', eoutarray(ii), & einarray(ii) end if if (doutarray(ii) .ne. dinarray(ii))then write(*,'(1x,A,2D20.6)') 'bout != bin ', doutarray(ii), & dinarray(ii) end if end do do ii = 1, npixels binarray(ii) = char(0) iinarray(ii) = 0 jinarray(ii) = 0 einarray(ii) = 0. dinarray(ii) = 0. end do anynull = .false. call ftgpfb(iunit, 1, 1, 10, binarray, larray, anynull,status) call ftgpfb(iunit, 1, 11, 10, binarray(11), larray(11), & anynull, status) do ii = 1, npixels if (larray(ii))binarray(ii) = char(0) end do do ii = 1,npixels iinarray(ii) = ichar(binarray(ii)) end do write(*,1101)(iinarray(ii),ii = 1,npixels),anynull,' (ftgpfb)' call ftgpfi(iunit, 1, 1, npixels, iinarray, larray, anynull, & status) do ii = 1, npixels if (larray(ii))iinarray(ii) = 0 end do write(*,1101)(iinarray(ii),ii = 1,npixels),anynull,' (ftgpfi)' call ftgpfj(iunit, 1, 1, npixels, jinarray, larray, anynull, & status) do ii = 1, npixels if (larray(ii))jinarray(ii) = 0 end do write(*,1101)(jinarray(ii),ii = 1,npixels),anynull,' (ftgpfj)' call ftgpfe(iunit, 1, 1, npixels, einarray, larray, anynull, & status) do ii = 1, npixels if (larray(ii))einarray(ii) = 0. end do write(*,1102)(einarray(ii),ii = 1,npixels),anynull,' (ftgpfe)' call ftgpfd(iunit, 1, 1, 10, dinarray, larray, anynull,status) call ftgpfd(iunit, 1, 11, 10, dinarray(11), larray(11), & anynull, status) do ii = 1, npixels if (larray(ii))dinarray(ii) = 0. end do write(*,1102)(dinarray(ii),ii = 1,npixels),anynull,' (ftgpfd)' if (status .gt. 0)then write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'ERROR: ftgpf_ status = ', status go to 999 end if if (.not. anynull)then write(*,'(1x,A)') 'ERROR: ftgpf_ did not detect null values' go to 999 end if C ########################################## C # close and reopen file multiple times # C ########################################## do ii = 1, 10 call ftclos(iunit, status) if (status .gt. 0)then write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'ERROR in ftclos (1) = ', status go to 999 end if call ftopen(iunit, filename, 1, block, status) if (status .gt. 0)then write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'ERROR: ftopen open file status = ', & status go to 999 end if end do write(*,'(1x,A)') ' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'Closed then reopened the FITS file 10 times.' write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' call ftghdn(iunit, hdunum) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'HDU number = ', hdunum C ############################ C # read single keywords # C ############################ simple = .false. bitpix = 0 naxis = 0 naxes(1) = 0 naxes(2) = 0 pcount = -99 gcount = -99 extend = .false. write(*,'(1x,A)') 'Read back keywords: ' call ftghpr(iunit, 3, simple, bitpix, naxis, naxes, pcount, & gcount, extend, status) write(*,'(1x,A,L4,4I4)')'simple, bitpix, naxis, naxes = ', & simple, bitpix, naxis, naxes(1), naxes(2) write(*,'(1x,A,2I4,L4)')' pcount, gcount, extend = ', & pcount, gcount, extend call ftgrec(iunit, 9, card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card if (card(1:15) .ne. 'KEY_PREC= ''This') & write(*,'(1x,A)') 'ERROR in ftgrec ' call ftgkyn(iunit, 9, keyword, value, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,5A)') keyword,' ', value(1:35),' ', comment(1:20) if (keyword(1:8) .ne. 'KEY_PREC' ) & write(*,'(1x,2A)') 'ERROR in ftgkyn: ', keyword call ftgcrd(iunit, keyword, card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card if (keyword(1:8) .ne. card(1:8) ) & write(*,'(1x,2A)') 'ERROR in ftgcrd: ', keyword call ftgkey(iunit, 'KY_PKNS1', value, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,5A)') 'KY_PKNS1 ',':', value(1:15),':', comment(1:16) if (value(1:14) .ne. '''first string''') & write(*,'(1x,2A)') 'ERROR in ftgkey: ', value call ftgkys(iunit, 'key_pkys', iskey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,5A,I4)')'KEY_PKYS ',':',iskey,':',comment(1:16), & status call ftgkyl(iunit, 'key_pkyl', ilkey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,L4,2A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYL ',':', ilkey,':', &comment(1:16), status call ftgkyj(iunit, 'KEY_PKYJ', ijkey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,I4,2A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYJ ',':',ijkey,':', & comment(1:16), status call ftgkye(iunit, 'KEY_PKYJ', iekey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,f12.5,2A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYE ',':',iekey,':', & comment(1:16), status call ftgkyd(iunit, 'KEY_PKYJ', idkey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,F12.5,2A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYD ',':',idkey,':', & comment(1:16), status if (ijkey .ne. 11 .or. iekey .ne. 11. .or. idkey .ne. 11.) & write(*,'(1x,A,I4,2F5.1)') 'ERROR in ftgky(jed): ', & ijkey, iekey, idkey iskey= ' ' call ftgkys(iunit, 'key_pkys', iskey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,5A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYS ',':', iskey,':', comment(1:16), & status ilkey = .false. call ftgkyl(iunit, 'key_pkyl', ilkey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,L4,2A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYL ',':', ilkey,':', & comment(1:16), status ijkey = 0 call ftgkyj(iunit, 'KEY_PKYJ', ijkey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,I4,2A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYJ ',':',ijkey,':', & comment(1:16), status iekey = 0 call ftgkye(iunit, 'KEY_PKYE', iekey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,f12.5,2A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYE ',':',iekey,':', & comment(1:16), status idkey = 0 call ftgkyd(iunit, 'KEY_PKYD', idkey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,F12.5,2A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYD ',':',idkey,':', & comment(1:16), status iekey = 0 call ftgkye(iunit, 'KEY_PKYF', iekey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,f12.5,2A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYF ',':',iekey,':', & comment(1:16), status iekey = 0 call ftgkye(iunit, 'KEY_PKYE', iekey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,f12.5,2A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYE ',':',iekey,':', & comment(1:16), status idkey = 0 call ftgkyd(iunit, 'KEY_PKYG', idkey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,f16.12,2A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYG ',':',idkey,':', & comment(1:16), status idkey = 0 call ftgkyd(iunit, 'KEY_PKYD', idkey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,f16.12,2A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYD ',':',idkey,':', & comment(1:16), status call ftgkyt(iunit, 'KEY_PKYT', ijkey, idkey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,i10,A,f16.14,A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYT ',':', & ijkey,':', idkey, comment(1:16), status call ftpunt(iunit, 'KEY_PKYJ', 'km/s/Mpc', status) ijkey = 0 call ftgkyj(iunit, 'KEY_PKYJ', ijkey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,I4,2A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYJ ',':',ijkey,':', & comment(1:38), status call ftgunt(iunit,'KEY_PKYJ',kunit,status) write(*,'(1x,2A)') 'keyword unit=', kunit call ftpunt(iunit, 'KEY_PKYJ', ' ', status) ijkey = 0 call ftgkyj(iunit, 'KEY_PKYJ', ijkey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,I4,2A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYJ ',':',ijkey,':', & comment(1:38), status call ftgunt(iunit,'KEY_PKYJ',kunit,status) write(*,'(1x,2A)') 'keyword unit=', kunit call ftpunt(iunit, 'KEY_PKYJ', 'feet/second/second', status) ijkey = 0 call ftgkyj(iunit, 'KEY_PKYJ', ijkey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,I4,2A,I4)') 'KEY_PKYJ ',':',ijkey,':', & comment(1:38), status call ftgunt(iunit,'KEY_PKYJ',kunit,status) write(*,'(1x,2A)') 'keyword unit=', kunit call ftgkys(iunit, 'key_pkls', lstr, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A)') 'KEY_PKLS long string value = ', lstr(1:50) write(*,'(1x,A)')lstr(51:120) C get size and position in header call ftghps(iunit, existkeys, keynum, status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4,A,I4)') 'header contains ', existkeys, & ' keywords; located at keyword ', keynum C ############################ C # read array keywords # C ############################ call ftgkns(iunit, 'ky_pkns', 1, 3, inskey, nfound, status) write(*,'(1x,4A)') 'ftgkns: ', inskey(1)(1:14), inskey(2)(1:14), & inskey(3)(1:14) if (nfound .ne. 3 .or. status .gt. 0) & write(*,'(1x,A,2I4)') ' ERROR in ftgkns ', nfound, status call ftgknl(iunit, 'ky_pknl', 1, 3, inlkey, nfound, status) write(*,'(1x,A,3L4)') 'ftgknl: ', inlkey(1), inlkey(2), inlkey(3) if (nfound .ne. 3 .or. status .gt. 0) & write(*,'(1x,A,2I4)') ' ERROR in ftgknl ', nfound, status call ftgknj(iunit, 'ky_pknj', 1, 3, injkey, nfound, status) write(*,'(1x,A,3I4)') 'ftgknj: ', injkey(1), injkey(2), injkey(3) if (nfound .ne. 3 .or. status .gt. 0) & write(*,'(1x,A,2I4)') ' ERROR in ftgknj ', nfound, status call ftgkne(iunit, 'ky_pkne', 1, 3, inekey, nfound, status) write(*,'(1x,A,3F10.5)') 'ftgkne: ',inekey(1),inekey(2),inekey(3) if (nfound .ne. 3 .or. status .gt. 0) & write(*,'(1x,A,2I4)') ' ERROR in ftgkne ', nfound, status call ftgknd(iunit, 'ky_pknd', 1, 3, indkey, nfound, status) write(*,'(1x,A,3F10.5)') 'ftgknd: ',indkey(1),indkey(2),indkey(3) if (nfound .ne. 3 .or. status .gt. 0) & write(*,'(1x,A,2I4)') ' ERROR in ftgknd ', nfound, status write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') & 'Before deleting the HISTORY and DATE keywords...' do ii = 29, 32 call ftgrec(iunit, ii, card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card(1:8) end do C don't print date value, so that C the output will always be the same C ############################ C # delete keywords # C ############################ call ftdrec(iunit, 30, status) call ftdkey(iunit, 'DATE', status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'After deleting the keywords... ' do ii = 29, 30 call ftgrec(iunit, ii, card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card end do if (status .gt. 0) & write(*,'(1x,A)') ' ERROR deleting keywords ' C ############################ C # insert keywords # C ############################ call ftirec(iunit,26, & 'KY_IREC = ''This keyword inserted by fxirec''', & status) call ftikys(iunit, 'KY_IKYS', 'insert_value_string', & 'ikys comment', status) call ftikyj(iunit, 'KY_IKYJ', 49, 'ikyj comment', status) call ftikyl(iunit, 'KY_IKYL', .true., 'ikyl comment', status) call ftikye(iunit, 'KY_IKYE',12.3456,4,'ikye comment',status) odkey = 12.345678901234567D+00 call ftikyd(iunit, 'KY_IKYD', odkey, 14, & 'ikyd comment', status) call ftikyf(iunit, 'KY_IKYF', 12.3456, 4, 'ikyf comment', & status) call ftikyg(iunit, 'KY_IKYG', odkey, 13, & 'ikyg comment', status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'After inserting the keywords... ' do ii = 25, 34 call ftgrec(iunit, ii, card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card end do if (status .gt. 0) & write(*,'(1x,A)') ' ERROR inserting keywords ' C ############################ C # modify keywords # C ############################ call ftmrec(iunit, 25, & 'COMMENT This keyword was modified by fxmrec', status) call ftmcrd(iunit, 'KY_IREC', & 'KY_MREC = ''This keyword was modified by fxmcrd''', status) call ftmnam(iunit, 'KY_IKYS', 'NEWIKYS', status) call ftmcom(iunit,'KY_IKYJ','This is a modified comment', & status) call ftmkyj(iunit, 'KY_IKYJ', 50, '&', status) call ftmkyl(iunit, 'KY_IKYL', .false., '&', status) call ftmkys(iunit, 'NEWIKYS', 'modified_string', '&', status) call ftmkye(iunit, 'KY_IKYE', -12.3456, 4, '&', status) odkey = -12.345678901234567D+00 call ftmkyd(iunit, 'KY_IKYD', odkey, 14, & 'modified comment', status) call ftmkyf(iunit, 'KY_IKYF', -12.3456, 4, '&', status) call ftmkyg(iunit,'KY_IKYG', odkey,13,'&',status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'After modifying the keywords... ' do ii = 25, 34 call ftgrec(iunit, ii, card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card end do if (status .gt. 0)then write(*,'(1x,A)') ' ERROR modifying keywords ' go to 999 end if C ############################ C # update keywords # C ############################ call ftucrd(iunit, 'KY_MREC', & 'KY_UCRD = ''This keyword was updated by fxucrd''', & status) call ftukyj(iunit, 'KY_IKYJ', 51, '&', status) call ftukyl(iunit, 'KY_IKYL', .true., '&', status) call ftukys(iunit, 'NEWIKYS', 'updated_string', '&', status) call ftukye(iunit, 'KY_IKYE', -13.3456, 4, '&', status) odkey = -13.345678901234567D+00 call ftukyd(iunit, 'KY_IKYD',odkey , 14, & 'modified comment', status) call ftukyf(iunit, 'KY_IKYF', -13.3456, 4, '&', status) call ftukyg(iunit, 'KY_IKYG', odkey, 13, '&', status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'After updating the keywords... ' do ii = 25, 34 call ftgrec(iunit, ii, card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card end do if (status .gt. 0)then write(*,'(1x,A)') ' ERROR modifying keywords ' go to 999 end if C move to top of header and find keywords using wild cards call ftgrec(iunit, 0, card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') & 'Keywords found using wildcard search (should be 9)...' nfound = -1 91 nfound = nfound +1 call ftgnxk(iunit, inclist, 2, exclist, 2, card, status) if (status .eq. 0)then write(*,'(1x,A)') card go to 91 end if if (nfound .ne. 9)then write(*,'(1x,A)') & 'ERROR reading keywords using wildcards (ftgnxk)' go to 999 end if status = 0 C ############################ C # create binary table # C ############################ tform(1) = '15A' tform(2) = '1L' tform(3) = '16X' tform(4) = '1B' tform(5) = '1I' tform(6) = '1J' tform(7) = '1E' tform(8) = '1D' tform(9) = '1C' tform(10)= '1M' ttype(1) = 'Avalue' ttype(2) = 'Lvalue' ttype(3) = 'Xvalue' ttype(4) = 'Bvalue' ttype(5) = 'Ivalue' ttype(6) = 'Jvalue' ttype(7) = 'Evalue' ttype(8) = 'Dvalue' ttype(9) = 'Cvalue' ttype(10)= 'Mvalue' tunit(1) = ' ' tunit(2) = 'm**2' tunit(3) = 'cm' tunit(4) = 'erg/s' tunit(5) = 'km/s' tunit(6) = ' ' tunit(7) = ' ' tunit(8) = ' ' tunit(9) = ' ' tunit(10)= ' ' nrows = 21 tfields = 10 pcount = 0 call ftibin(iunit, nrows, tfields, ttype, tform, tunit, & binname, pcount, status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'ftibin status = ', status call ftghdn(iunit, hdunum) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'HDU number = ', hdunum C get size and position in header, and reserve space for more keywords call ftghps(iunit, existkeys, keynum, status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4,A,I4)') 'header contains ',existkeys, & ' keywords located at keyword ', keynum morekeys = 40 call fthdef(iunit, morekeys, status) call ftghsp(iunit, existkeys, morekeys, status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4,A,I4,A)') 'header contains ', existkeys, &' keywords with room for ', morekeys,' more' C define null value for int cols call fttnul(iunit, 4, 99, status) call fttnul(iunit, 5, 99, status) call fttnul(iunit, 6, 99, status) call ftpkyj(iunit, 'TNULL4', 99, 'value for undefined pixels', & status) call ftpkyj(iunit, 'TNULL5', 99, 'value for undefined pixels', & status) call ftpkyj(iunit, 'TNULL6', 99, 'value for undefined pixels', & status) naxis = 3 naxes(1) = 1 naxes(2) = 2 naxes(3) = 8 call ftptdm(iunit, 3, naxis, naxes, status) naxis = 0 naxes(1) = 0 naxes(2) = 0 naxes(3) = 0 call ftgtdm(iunit, 3, 3, naxis, naxes, status) call ftgkys(iunit, 'TDIM3', iskey, comment, status) write(*,'(1x,2A,4I4)') 'TDIM3 = ', iskey, naxis, naxes(1), & naxes(2), naxes(3) C force header to be scanned (not required) call ftrdef(iunit, status) C ############################ C # write data to columns # C ############################ C initialize arrays of values to write to table signval = -1 do ii = 1, 21 signval = signval * (-1) boutarray(ii) = char(ii) ioutarray(ii) = (ii) * signval joutarray(ii) = (ii) * signval koutarray(ii) = (ii) * signval eoutarray(ii) = (ii) * signval doutarray(ii) = (ii) * signval end do call ftpcls(iunit, 1, 1, 1, 3, onskey, status) C write string values call ftpclu(iunit, 1, 4, 1, 1, status) C write null value larray(1) = .false. larray(2) =.true. larray(3) = .false. larray(4) = .false. larray(5) =.true. larray(6) =.true. larray(7) = .false. larray(8) = .false. larray(9) = .false. larray(10) =.true. larray(11) =.true. larray(12) = .true. larray(13) = .false. larray(14) = .false. larray(15) =.false. larray(16) =.false. larray(17) = .true. larray(18) = .true. larray(19) = .true. larray(20) = .true. larray(21) =.false. larray(22) =.false. larray(23) =.false. larray(24) =.false. larray(25) =.false. larray(26) = .true. larray(27) = .true. larray(28) = .true. larray(29) = .true. larray(30) = .true. larray(31) =.false. larray(32) =.false. larray(33) =.false. larray(34) =.false. larray(35) =.false. larray(36) =.false. C write bits call ftpclx(iunit, 3, 1, 1, 36, larray, status) C loop over cols 4 - 8 do ii = 4, 8 call ftpclb(iunit, ii, 1, 1, 2, boutarray, status) if (status .eq. 412) status = 0 call ftpcli(iunit, ii, 3, 1, 2, ioutarray(3), status) if (status .eq. 412) status = 0 call ftpclj(iunit, ii, 5, 1, 2, koutarray(5), status) if (status .eq. 412) status = 0 call ftpcle(iunit, ii, 7, 1, 2, eoutarray(7), status) if (status .eq. 412)status = 0 call ftpcld(iunit, ii, 9, 1, 2, doutarray(9), status) if (status .eq. 412)status = 0 C write null value call ftpclu(iunit, ii, 11, 1, 1, status) end do call ftpclc(iunit, 9, 1, 1, 10, eoutarray, status) call ftpclm(iunit, 10, 1, 1, 10, doutarray, status) C loop over cols 4 - 8 do ii = 4, 8 bnul = char(13) call ftpcnb(iunit, ii, 12, 1, 2, boutarray(12),bnul,status) if (status .eq. 412) status = 0 inul=15 call ftpcni(iunit, ii, 14, 1, 2, ioutarray(14),inul,status) if (status .eq. 412) status = 0 call ftpcnj(iunit, ii, 16, 1, 2, koutarray(16), 17, status) if (status .eq. 412) status = 0 call ftpcne(iunit, ii, 18, 1, 2, eoutarray(18), 19.,status) if (status .eq. 412) status = 0 dnul = 21. call ftpcnd(iunit, ii, 20, 1, 2, doutarray(20),dnul,status) if (status .eq. 412) status = 0 end do C write logicals call ftpcll(iunit, 2, 1, 1, 21, larray, status) C write null value call ftpclu(iunit, 2, 11, 1, 1, status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'ftpcl_ status = ', status if (status .gt. 0)go to 999 C ######################################### C # get information about the columns # C ######################################### write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') & 'Find the column numbers a returned status value'// & ' of 237 is' write(*,'(1x,A)') & 'expected and indicates that more than one column'// & ' name matches' write(*,'(1x,A)')'the input column name template.'// & ' Status = 219 indicates that' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'there was no matching column name.' call ftgcno(iunit, 0, 'Xvalue', colnum, status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4,A,I4)') 'Column Xvalue is number', colnum, &' status =',status 219 continue if (status .ne. 219)then call ftgcnn(iunit, 1, '*ue', colname, colnum, status) write(*,'(1x,3A,I4,A,I4)') 'Column ',colname(1:6),' is number', & colnum,' status = ', status go to 219 end if status = 0 write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'Information about each column: ' do ii = 1, tfields call ftgtcl(iunit, ii, typecode, repeat, width, status) call ftgbcl(iunit,ii,ttype,tunit,cval,repeat,scale, & zero, jnulval, tdisp, status) write(*,'(1x,A,3I4,5A,2F8.2,I12,A)') & tform(ii)(1:3), typecode, repeat, width,' ', & ttype(1)(1:6),' ',tunit(1)(1:6), cval, scale, zero, jnulval, & tdisp(1:8) end do write(*,'(1x,A)') ' ' C ############################################### C # insert ASCII table before the binary table # C ############################################### call ftmrhd(iunit, -1, hdutype, status) if (status .gt. 0)goto 999 tform(1) = 'A15' tform(2) = 'I10' tform(3) = 'F14.6' tform(4) = 'E12.5' tform(5) = 'D21.14' ttype(1) = 'Name' ttype(2) = 'Ivalue' ttype(3) = 'Fvalue' ttype(4) = 'Evalue' ttype(5) = 'Dvalue' tunit(1) = ' ' tunit(2) = 'm**2' tunit(3) = 'cm' tunit(4) = 'erg/s' tunit(5) = 'km/s' rowlen = 76 nrows = 11 tfields = 5 call ftitab(iunit, rowlen, nrows, tfields, ttype, tbcol, & tform, tunit, tblname, status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'ftitab status = ', status call ftghdn(iunit, hdunum) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'HDU number = ', hdunum C define null value for int cols call ftsnul(iunit, 1, 'null1', status) call ftsnul(iunit, 2, 'null2', status) call ftsnul(iunit, 3, 'null3', status) call ftsnul(iunit, 4, 'null4', status) call ftsnul(iunit, 5, 'null5', status) call ftpkys(iunit, 'TNULL1', 'null1', & 'value for undefined pixels', status) call ftpkys(iunit, 'TNULL2', 'null2', & 'value for undefined pixels', status) call ftpkys(iunit, 'TNULL3', 'null3', & 'value for undefined pixels', status) call ftpkys(iunit, 'TNULL4', 'null4', & 'value for undefined pixels', status) call ftpkys(iunit, 'TNULL5', 'null5', & 'value for undefined pixels', status) if (status .gt. 0) goto 999 C ############################ C # write data to columns # C ############################ C initialize arrays of values to write to table do ii = 1,21 boutarray(ii) = char(ii) ioutarray(ii) = ii joutarray(ii) = ii eoutarray(ii) = ii doutarray(ii) = ii end do C write string values call ftpcls(iunit, 1, 1, 1, 3, onskey, status) C write null value call ftpclu(iunit, 1, 4, 1, 1, status) do ii = 2,5 C loop over cols 2 - 5 call ftpclb(iunit, ii, 1, 1, 2, boutarray, status) C char array if (status .eq. 412) status = 0 call ftpcli(iunit, ii, 3, 1, 2, ioutarray(3), status) C short array if (status .eq. 412) status = 0 call ftpclj(iunit, ii, 5, 1, 2, joutarray(5), status) C long array if (status .eq. 412)status = 0 call ftpcle(iunit, ii, 7, 1, 2, eoutarray(7), status) C float array if (status .eq. 412) status = 0 call ftpcld(iunit, ii, 9, 1, 2, doutarray(9), status) C double array if (status .eq. 412) status = 0 call ftpclu(iunit, ii, 11, 1, 1, status) C write null value end do write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'ftpcl_ status = ', status write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' C ################################ C # read data from ASCII table # C ################################ call ftghtb(iunit, 99, rowlen, nrows, tfields, ttype, tbcol, & tform, tunit, tblname, status) write(*,'(1x,A,3I3,2A)') & 'ASCII table: rowlen, nrows, tfields, extname:', & rowlen, nrows, tfields,' ',tblname do ii = 1,tfields write(*,'(1x,A,I4,3A)') & ttype(ii)(1:7), tbcol(ii),' ',tform(ii)(1:7), tunit(ii)(1:7) end do nrows = 11 call ftgcvs(iunit, 1, 1, 1, nrows, 'UNDEFINED', inskey, & anynull, status) bnul = char(99) call ftgcvb(iunit, 2, 1, 1, nrows, bnul, binarray, & anynull, status) inul = 99 call ftgcvi(iunit, 2, 1, 1, nrows, inul, iinarray, & anynull, status) call ftgcvj(iunit, 3, 1, 1, nrows, 99, jinarray, & anynull, status) call ftgcve(iunit, 4, 1, 1, nrows, 99., einarray, & anynull, status) dnul = 99. call ftgcvd(iunit, 5, 1, 1, nrows, dnul, dinarray, & anynull, status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'Data values read from ASCII table: ' do ii = 1, nrows jj = ichar(binarray(ii)) write(*,1011) inskey(ii), jj, & iinarray(ii), jinarray(ii), einarray(ii), dinarray(ii) 1011 format(1x,a15,3i3,1x,2f3.0) end do call ftgtbs(iunit, 1, 20, 78, uchars, status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') uchars call ftptbs(iunit, 1, 20, 78, uchars, status) C ######################################### C # get information about the columns # C ######################################### call ftgcno(iunit, 0, 'name', colnum, status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A,I4,A,I4)') & 'Column name is number',colnum,' status = ', status 2190 continue if (status .ne. 219)then if (status .gt. 0 .and. status .ne. 237)go to 999 call ftgcnn(iunit, 1, '*ue', colname, colnum, status) write(*,'(1x,3A,I4,A,I4)') & 'Column ',colname(1:6),' is number',colnum,' status = ',status go to 2190 end if status = 0 do ii = 1, tfields call ftgtcl(iunit, ii, typecode, repeat, width, status) call ftgacl(iunit, ii, ttype, tbcol,tunit,tform, & scale,zero, nulstr, tdisp, status) write(*,'(1x,A,3I4,2A,I4,2A,2F10.2,3A)') & tform(ii)(1:7), typecode, repeat, width,' ', & ttype(1)(1:6), tbcol(1), ' ',tunit(1)(1:5), & scale, zero, ' ', nulstr(1:6), tdisp(1:2) end do write(*,'(1x,A)') ' ' C ############################################### C # test the insert/delete row/column routines # C ############################################### call ftirow(iunit, 2, 3, status) if (status .gt. 0) goto 999 nrows = 14 call ftgcvs(iunit, 1, 1, 1, nrows, 'UNDEFINED', & inskey, anynull, status) call ftgcvb(iunit, 2, 1, 1, nrows, bnul, binarray, & anynull, status) call ftgcvi(iunit, 2, 1, 1, nrows, inul, iinarray, & anynull, status) call ftgcvj(iunit, 3, 1, 1, nrows, 99, jinarray, & anynull, status) call ftgcve(iunit, 4, 1, 1, nrows, 99., einarray, & anynull, status) call ftgcvd(iunit, 5, 1, 1, nrows, dnul, dinarray, & anynull, status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)')'Data values after inserting 3 rows after row 2:' do ii = 1, nrows jj = ichar(binarray(ii)) write(*,1011) inskey(ii), jj, & iinarray(ii), jinarray(ii), einarray(ii), dinarray(ii) end do call ftdrow(iunit, 10, 2, status) nrows = 12 call ftgcvs(iunit, 1, 1, 1, nrows, 'UNDEFINED', inskey, & anynull, status) call ftgcvb(iunit, 2, 1, 1, nrows, bnul, binarray, anynull, & status) call ftgcvi(iunit, 2, 1, 1, nrows, inul, iinarray, anynull, & status) call ftgcvj(iunit, 3, 1, 1, nrows, 99, jinarray, anynull, & status) call ftgcve(iunit, 4, 1, 1, nrows, 99., einarray, anynull, & status) call ftgcvd(iunit, 5, 1, 1, nrows, dnul, dinarray, anynull, & status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'Data values after deleting 2 rows at row 10: ' do ii = 1, nrows jj = ichar(binarray(ii)) write(*,1011) inskey(ii), jj, & iinarray(ii), jinarray(ii), einarray(ii), dinarray(ii) end do call ftdcol(iunit, 3, status) call ftgcvs(iunit, 1, 1, 1, nrows, 'UNDEFINED', inskey, & anynull, status) call ftgcvb(iunit, 2, 1, 1, nrows, bnul, binarray, anynull, & status) call ftgcvi(iunit, 2, 1, 1, nrows, inul, iinarray, anynull, & status) call ftgcve(iunit, 3, 1, 1, nrows, 99., einarray, anynull, & status) call ftgcvd(iunit, 4, 1, 1, nrows, dnul, dinarray, anynull, & status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'Data values after deleting column 3: ' do ii = 1,nrows jj = ichar(binarray(ii)) write(*,1012) inskey(ii), jj, & iinarray(ii), einarray(ii), dinarray(ii) 1012 format(1x,a15,2i3,1x,2f3.0) end do call fticol(iunit, 5, 'INSERT_COL', 'F14.6', status) call ftgcvs(iunit, 1, 1, 1, nrows, 'UNDEFINED', inskey, & anynull, status) call ftgcvb(iunit, 2, 1, 1, nrows, bnul, binarray, anynull, & status) call ftgcvi(iunit, 2, 1, 1, nrows, inul, iinarray, anynull, & status) call ftgcve(iunit, 3, 1, 1, nrows, 99., einarray, anynull, & status) call ftgcvd(iunit, 4, 1, 1, nrows, dnul, dinarray, anynull, & status) call ftgcvj(iunit, 5, 1, 1, nrows, 99, jinarray, anynull, & status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') ' Data values after inserting column 5: ' do ii = 1, nrows jj = ichar(binarray(ii)) write(*,1013) inskey(ii), jj, & iinarray(ii), einarray(ii), dinarray(ii) , jinarray(ii) 1013 format(1x,a15,2i3,1x,2f3.0,i2) end do C ################################ C # read data from binary table # C ################################ call ftmrhd(iunit, 1, hdutype, status) if (status .gt. 0)go to 999 call ftghdn(iunit, hdunum) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'HDU number = ', hdunum call ftghsp(iunit, existkeys, morekeys, status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)')'Moved to binary table' write(*,'(1x,A,I4,A,I4,A)') 'header contains ',existkeys, & ' keywords with room for ',morekeys,' more ' call ftghbn(iunit, 99, nrows, tfields, ttype, & tform, tunit, binname, pcount, status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A,2I4,A,I4)') & 'Binary table: nrows, tfields, extname, pcount:', & nrows, tfields, binname, pcount do ii = 1,tfields write(*,'(1x,3A)') ttype(ii), tform(ii), tunit(ii) end do do ii = 1, 40 larray(ii) = .false. end do write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'Data values read from binary table: ' write(*,'(1x,A)') ' Bit column (X) data values: ' call ftgcx(iunit, 3, 1, 1, 36, larray, status) write(*,1014) (larray(ii), ii = 1,40) 1014 format(1x,8l1,' ',8l1,' ',8l1,' ',8l1,' ',8l1) nrows = 21 do ii = 1, nrows larray(ii) = .false. xinarray(ii) = ' ' binarray(ii) = ' ' iinarray(ii) = 0 kinarray(ii) = 0 einarray(ii) = 0. dinarray(ii) = 0. cinarray(ii * 2 -1) = 0. minarray(ii * 2 -1) = 0. cinarray(ii * 2 ) = 0. minarray(ii * 2 ) = 0. end do write(*,'(1x,A)') ' ' call ftgcvs(iunit, 1, 4, 1, 1, ' ', inskey, anynull,status) if (ichar(inskey(1)(1:1)) .eq. 0)inskey(1)=' ' write(*,'(1x,2A)') 'null string column value (should be blank):', & inskey(1) call ftgcvs(iunit, 1, 1, 1, nrows, 'NOT DEFINED', inskey, & anynull, status) call ftgcl( iunit, 2, 1, 1, nrows, larray, status) bnul = char(98) call ftgcvb(iunit, 3, 1, 1,nrows,bnul, xinarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvb(iunit, 4, 1, 1,nrows,bnul, binarray,anynull,status) inul = 98 call ftgcvi(iunit, 5, 1, 1,nrows,inul, iinarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvj(iunit, 6, 1, 1, nrows, 98, kinarray,anynull,status) call ftgcve(iunit, 7, 1, 1, nrows, 98.,einarray,anynull,status) dnul = 98. call ftgcvd(iunit, 8, 1, 1, nrows,dnul,dinarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvc(iunit, 9, 1, 1, nrows, 98.,cinarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvm(iunit,10, 1, 1, nrows,dnul,minarray,anynull,status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'Read columns with ftgcv_: ' do ii = 1,nrows jj = ichar(xinarray(ii)) jjj = ichar(binarray(ii)) write(*,1201)inskey(ii),larray(ii),jj,jjj,iinarray(ii), & kinarray(ii), einarray(ii), dinarray(ii), cinarray(ii * 2 -1), &cinarray(ii * 2 ), minarray(ii * 2 -1), minarray(ii * 2 ) end do 1201 format(1x,a14,l4,4i4,6f5.0) do ii = 1, nrows larray(ii) = .false. xinarray(ii) = ' ' binarray(ii) = ' ' iinarray(ii) = 0 kinarray(ii) = 0 einarray(ii) = 0. dinarray(ii) = 0. cinarray(ii * 2 -1) = 0. minarray(ii * 2 -1) = 0. cinarray(ii * 2 ) = 0. minarray(ii * 2 ) = 0. end do call ftgcfs(iunit, 1, 1, 1, nrows, inskey, larray2, anynull, & status) C put blanks in strings if they are undefined. (contain nulls) do ii = 1, nrows if (larray2(ii))inskey(ii) = ' ' end do call ftgcfl(iunit, 2, 1, 1, nrows, larray, larray2, anynull, & status) call ftgcfb(iunit, 3, 1, 1, nrows, xinarray, larray2, anynull, & status) call ftgcfb(iunit, 4, 1, 1, nrows, binarray, larray2, anynull, & status) call ftgcfi(iunit, 5, 1, 1, nrows, iinarray, larray2, anynull, & status) call ftgcfj(iunit, 6, 1, 1, nrows, kinarray, larray2, anynull, & status) call ftgcfe(iunit, 7, 1, 1, nrows, einarray, larray2, anynull, & status) call ftgcfd(iunit, 8, 1, 1, nrows, dinarray, larray2, anynull, & status) call ftgcfc(iunit, 9, 1, 1, nrows, cinarray, larray2, anynull, & status) call ftgcfm(iunit, 10,1, 1, nrows, minarray, larray2, anynull, & status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') ' Read columns with ftgcf_: ' do ii = 1, 10 jj = ichar(xinarray(ii)) jjj = ichar(binarray(ii)) write(*,1201) & inskey(ii),larray(ii),jj,jjj,iinarray(ii), & kinarray(ii), einarray(ii), dinarray(ii), cinarray(ii * 2 -1), & cinarray(ii * 2 ), minarray(ii * 2 -1), minarray(ii * 2) end do do ii = 11, 21 C don't try to print the NaN values jj = ichar(xinarray(ii)) jjj = ichar(binarray(ii)) write(*,1201) inskey(ii), larray(ii), jj, & jjj, iinarray(ii) end do call ftprec(iunit,'key_prec= '// &'''This keyword was written by f_prec'' / comment here', & status) C ############################################### C # test the insert/delete row/column routines # C ############################################### call ftirow(iunit, 2, 3, status) if (status .gt. 0) go to 999 nrows = 14 call ftgcvs(iunit, 1, 1, 1, nrows, 'NOT DEFINED', inskey, & anynull, status) call ftgcvb(iunit, 4, 1, 1, nrows,bnul,binarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvi(iunit, 5, 1, 1, nrows,inul,iinarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvj(iunit, 6, 1, 1, nrows, 98, jinarray,anynull,status) call ftgcve(iunit, 7, 1, 1, nrows, 98.,einarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvd(iunit, 8, 1, 1, nrows,dnul,dinarray,anynull,status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)')'Data values after inserting 3 rows after row 2:' do ii = 1, nrows jj = ichar(binarray(ii)) write(*,1202) inskey(ii), jj, & iinarray(ii), jinarray(ii), einarray(ii), dinarray(ii) end do 1202 format(1x,a14,3i4,2f5.0) call ftdrow(iunit, 10, 2, status) if (status .gt. 0)goto 999 nrows = 12 call ftgcvs(iunit, 1, 1, 1, nrows, 'NOT DEFINED', inskey, & anynull, status) call ftgcvb(iunit, 4, 1, 1, nrows,bnul,binarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvi(iunit, 5, 1, 1, nrows,inul,iinarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvj(iunit, 6, 1, 1, nrows, 98,jinarray,anynull,status) call ftgcve(iunit, 7, 1, 1, nrows, 98.,einarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvd(iunit, 8, 1, 1, nrows,dnul,dinarray,anynull,status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'Data values after deleting 2 rows at row 10: ' do ii = 1, nrows jj = ichar(binarray(ii)) write(*,1202) inskey(ii), jj, & iinarray(ii), jinarray(ii), einarray(ii), dinarray(ii) end do call ftdcol(iunit, 6, status) call ftgcvs(iunit, 1, 1, 1, nrows, 'NOT DEFINED', inskey, & anynull, status) call ftgcvb(iunit, 4, 1, 1, nrows,bnul,binarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvi(iunit, 5, 1, 1, nrows,inul,iinarray,anynull,status) call ftgcve(iunit, 6, 1, 1, nrows, 98.,einarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvd(iunit, 7, 1, 1, nrows,dnul,dinarray,anynull,status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'Data values after deleting column 6: ' do ii = 1, nrows jj = ichar(binarray(ii)) write(*,1203) inskey(ii), jj, & iinarray(ii), einarray(ii), dinarray(ii) 1203 format(1x,a14,2i4,2f5.0) end do call fticol(iunit, 8, 'INSERT_COL', '1E', status) call ftgcvs(iunit, 1, 1, 1, nrows, 'NOT DEFINED', inskey, & anynull, status) call ftgcvb(iunit, 4, 1, 1, nrows,bnul,binarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvi(iunit, 5, 1, 1, nrows,inul,iinarray,anynull,status) call ftgcve(iunit, 6, 1, 1, nrows, 98.,einarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvd(iunit, 7, 1, 1, nrows,dnul,dinarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvj(iunit, 8, 1, 1, nrows, 98,jinarray,anynull,status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'Data values after inserting column 8: ' do ii = 1, nrows jj = ichar(binarray(ii)) write(*,1204) inskey(ii), jj, & iinarray(ii), einarray(ii), dinarray(ii) , jinarray(ii) 1204 format(1x,a14,2i4,2f5.0,i3) end do call ftpclu(iunit, 8, 1, 1, 10, status) call ftgcvs(iunit, 1, 1, 1, nrows, 'NOT DEFINED', inskey, & anynull, status) call ftgcvb(iunit, 4,1,1,nrows,bnul,binarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvi(iunit, 5,1,1,nrows,inul,iinarray,anynull,status) call ftgcve(iunit, 6,1,1,nrows,98., einarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvd(iunit, 7,1,1,nrows,dnul, dinarray,anynull,status) call ftgcvj(iunit, 8,1,1,nrows,98, jinarray,anynull, status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') & 'Values after setting 1st 10 elements in column 8 = null: ' do ii = 1, nrows jj = ichar(binarray(ii)) write(*,1204) inskey(ii), jj, & iinarray(ii), einarray(ii), dinarray(ii) , jinarray(ii) end do C #################################################### C # insert binary table following the primary array # C #################################################### call ftmahd(iunit, 1, hdutype, status) tform(1) = '15A' tform(2) = '1L' tform(3) = '16X' tform(4) = '1B' tform(5) = '1I' tform(6) = '1J' tform(7) = '1E' tform(8) = '1D' tform(9) = '1C' tform(10)= '1M' ttype(1) = 'Avalue' ttype(2) = 'Lvalue' ttype(3) = 'Xvalue' ttype(4) = 'Bvalue' ttype(5) = 'Ivalue' ttype(6) = 'Jvalue' ttype(7) = 'Evalue' ttype(8) = 'Dvalue' ttype(9) = 'Cvalue' ttype(10)= 'Mvalue' tunit(1)= ' ' tunit(2)= 'm**2' tunit(3)= 'cm' tunit(4)= 'erg/s' tunit(5)= 'km/s' tunit(6)= ' ' tunit(7)= ' ' tunit(8)= ' ' tunit(9)= ' ' tunit(10)= ' ' nrows = 20 tfields = 10 pcount = 0 call ftibin(iunit, nrows, tfields, ttype, tform, tunit, & binname, pcount, status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'ftibin status = ', status call ftghdn(iunit, hdunum) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'HDU number = ', hdunum call ftpkyj(iunit, 'TNULL4', 77, & 'value for undefined pixels', status) call ftpkyj(iunit, 'TNULL5', 77, & 'value for undefined pixels', status) call ftpkyj(iunit, 'TNULL6', 77, & 'value for undefined pixels', status) call ftpkyj(iunit, 'TSCAL4', 1000, 'scaling factor', status) call ftpkyj(iunit, 'TSCAL5', 1, 'scaling factor', status) call ftpkyj(iunit, 'TSCAL6', 100, 'scaling factor', status) call ftpkyj(iunit, 'TZERO4', 0, 'scaling offset', status) call ftpkyj(iunit, 'TZERO5', 32768, 'scaling offset', status) call ftpkyj(iunit, 'TZERO6', 100, 'scaling offset', status) call fttnul(iunit, 4, 77, status) C define null value for int cols call fttnul(iunit, 5, 77, status) call fttnul(iunit, 6, 77, status) C set scaling scale=1000. zero = 0. call fttscl(iunit, 4, scale, zero, status) scale=1. zero = 32768. call fttscl(iunit, 5, scale, zero, status) scale=100. zero = 100. call fttscl(iunit, 6, scale, zero, status) C for some reason, it is still necessary to call ftrdef at this point call ftrdef(iunit,status) C ############################ C # write data to columns # C ############################ C initialize arrays of values to write to table joutarray(1) = 0 joutarray(2) = 1000 joutarray(3) = 10000 joutarray(4) = 32768 joutarray(5) = 65535 do ii = 4,6 call ftpclj(iunit, ii, 1, 1, 5, joutarray, status) if (status .eq. 412)then write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'Overflow writing to column ', ii status = 0 end if call ftpclu(iunit, ii, 6, 1, 1, status) C write null value end do do jj = 4,6 call ftgcvj(iunit, jj, 1,1,6, -999,jinarray,anynull,status) write(*,'(1x,6I6)') (jinarray(ii), ii=1,6) end do write(*,'(1x,A)') ' ' C turn off scaling, and read the unscaled values scale = 1. zero = 0. call fttscl(iunit, 4, scale, zero, status) call fttscl(iunit, 5, scale, zero, status) call fttscl(iunit, 6, scale, zero, status) do jj = 4,6 call ftgcvj(iunit, jj,1,1,6,-999,jinarray,anynull,status) write(*,'(1x,6I6)') (jinarray(ii), ii = 1,6) end do if (status .gt. 0)go to 999 C ###################################################### C # insert image extension following the binary table # C ###################################################### bitpix = -32 naxis = 2 naxes(1) = 15 naxes(2) = 25 call ftiimg(iunit, bitpix, naxis, naxes, status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') & ' Create image extension: ftiimg status = ', status call ftghdn(iunit, hdunum) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'HDU number = ', hdunum do jj = 0,29 do ii = 0,18 imgarray(ii+1,jj+1) = (jj * 10) + ii end do end do call ftp2di(iunit, 1, 19, naxes(1),naxes(2),imgarray,status) write(*,'(1x,A)') ' ' write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'Wrote whole 2D array: ftp2di status =', & status do jj =1, 30 do ii = 1, 19 imgarray(ii,jj) = 0 end do end do call ftg2di(iunit,1,0,19,naxes(1),naxes(2),imgarray,anynull, & status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'Read whole 2D array: ftg2di status =',status do jj =1, 30 write (*,1301)(imgarray(ii,jj),ii=1,19) 1301 format(1x,19I4) end do write(*,'(1x,A)') ' ' do jj =1, 30 do ii = 1, 19 imgarray(ii,jj) = 0 end do end do do jj =0, 19 do ii = 0, 9 imgarray2(ii+1,jj+1) = (jj * (-10)) - ii end do end do fpixels(1) = 5 fpixels(2) = 5 lpixels(1) = 14 lpixels(2) = 14 call ftpssi(iunit, 1, naxis, naxes, fpixels, lpixels, & imgarray2, status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'Wrote subset 2D array: ftpssi status =', & status call ftg2di(iunit,1,0,19,naxes(1), naxes(2),imgarray,anynull, & status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'Read whole 2D array: ftg2di status =',status do jj =1, 30 write (*,1301)(imgarray(ii,jj),ii=1,19) end do write(*,'(1x,A)') ' ' fpixels(1) = 2 fpixels(2) = 5 lpixels(1) = 10 lpixels(2) = 8 inc(1) = 2 inc(2) = 3 do jj = 1,30 do ii = 1, 19 imgarray(ii,jj) = 0 end do end do call ftgsvi(iunit, 1, naxis, naxes, fpixels, lpixels, inc, 0, & imgarray, anynull, status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') & 'Read subset of 2D array: ftgsvi status = ',status write(*,'(1x,10I5)')(imgarray(ii,1),ii = 1,10) C ########################################################### C # insert another image extension # C # copy the image extension to primary array of tmp file. # C # then delete the tmp file, and the image extension # C ########################################################### bitpix = 16 naxis = 2 naxes(1) = 15 naxes(2) = 25 call ftiimg(iunit, bitpix, naxis, naxes, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') ' ' write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'Create image extension: ftiimg status =', & status call ftrdef(iunit, status) call ftghdn(iunit, hdunum) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'HDU number = ', hdunum filename = 't1q2s3v4.tmp' call ftinit(tmpunit, filename, 1, status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'Create temporary file: ftinit status = ', & status call ftcopy(iunit, tmpunit, 0, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') & 'Copy image extension to primary array of tmp file.' write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'ftcopy status = ',status call ftgrec(tmpunit, 1, card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card call ftgrec(tmpunit, 2, card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card call ftgrec(tmpunit, 3, card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card call ftgrec(tmpunit, 4, card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card call ftgrec(tmpunit, 5, card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card call ftgrec(tmpunit, 6, card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card call ftdelt(tmpunit, status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'Delete the tmp file: ftdelt status =',status call ftdhdu(iunit, hdutype, status) write(*,'(1x,A,2I4)') & 'Delete the image extension hdutype, status =', & hdutype, status call ftghdn(iunit, hdunum) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'HDU number = ', hdunum C ########################################################### C # append bintable extension with variable length columns # C ########################################################### call ftcrhd(iunit, status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'ftcrhd status = ', status tform(1)= '1PA' tform(2)= '1PL' tform(3)= '1PB' C Fortran FITSIO doesn't support 1PX tform(4)= '1PB' tform(5)= '1PI' tform(6)= '1PJ' tform(7)= '1PE' tform(8)= '1PD' tform(9)= '1PC' tform(10)= '1PM' ttype(1)= 'Avalue' ttype(2)= 'Lvalue' ttype(3)= 'Xvalue' ttype(4)= 'Bvalue' ttype(5)= 'Ivalue' ttype(6)= 'Jvalue' ttype(7)= 'Evalue' ttype(8)= 'Dvalue' ttype(9)= 'Cvalue' ttype(10)= 'Mvalue' tunit(1)= ' ' tunit(2)= 'm**2' tunit(3)= 'cm' tunit(4)= 'erg/s' tunit(5)= 'km/s' tunit(6)= ' ' tunit(7)= ' ' tunit(8)= ' ' tunit(9)= ' ' tunit(10)= ' ' nrows = 20 tfields = 10 pcount = 0 call ftphbn(iunit, nrows, tfields, ttype, tform, & tunit, binname, pcount, status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'Variable length arrays: ftphbn status =', & status call ftpkyj(iunit, 'TNULL4', 88, 'value for undefined pixels', & status) call ftpkyj(iunit, 'TNULL5', 88, 'value for undefined pixels', & status) call ftpkyj(iunit, 'TNULL6', 88, 'value for undefined pixels', & status) C ############################ C # write data to columns # C ############################ C initialize arrays of values to write to table iskey='abcdefghijklmnopqrst' do ii = 1, 20 boutarray(ii) = char(ii) ioutarray(ii) = ii joutarray(ii) = ii eoutarray(ii) = ii doutarray(ii) = ii end do larray(1) = .false. larray(2) = .true. larray(3) = .false. larray(4) = .false. larray(5) = .true. larray(6) = .true. larray(7) = .false. larray(8) = .false. larray(9) = .false. larray(10) = .true. larray(11) = .true. larray(12) = .true. larray(13) = .false. larray(14) = .false. larray(15) = .false. larray(16) = .false. larray(17) = .true. larray(18) = .true. larray(19) = .true. larray(20) = .true. C inskey(1) = iskey(1:1) inskey(1) = ' ' call ftpcls(iunit, 1, 1, 1, 1, inskey, status) C write string values call ftpcll(iunit, 2, 1, 1, 1, larray, status) C write logicals call ftpclx(iunit, 3, 1, 1, 1, larray, status) C write bits call ftpclb(iunit, 4, 1, 1, 1, boutarray, status) call ftpcli(iunit, 5, 1, 1, 1, ioutarray, status) call ftpclj(iunit, 6, 1, 1, 1, joutarray, status) call ftpcle(iunit, 7, 1, 1, 1, eoutarray, status) call ftpcld(iunit, 8, 1, 1, 1, doutarray, status) do ii = 2, 20 C loop over rows 1 - 20 inskey(1) = iskey(1:ii) call ftpcls(iunit, 1, ii, 1, ii, inskey, status) C write string values call ftpcll(iunit, 2, ii, 1, ii, larray, status) C write logicals call ftpclu(iunit, 2, ii, ii-1, 1, status) call ftpclx(iunit, 3, ii, 1, ii, larray, status) C write bits call ftpclb(iunit, 4, ii, 1, ii, boutarray, status) call ftpclu(iunit, 4, ii, ii-1, 1, status) call ftpcli(iunit, 5, ii, 1, ii, ioutarray, status) call ftpclu(iunit, 5, ii, ii-1, 1, status) call ftpclj(iunit, 6, ii, 1, ii, joutarray, status) call ftpclu(iunit, 6, ii, ii-1, 1, status) call ftpcle(iunit, 7, ii, 1, ii, eoutarray, status) call ftpclu(iunit, 7, ii, ii-1, 1, status) call ftpcld(iunit, 8, ii, 1, ii, doutarray, status) call ftpclu(iunit, 8, ii, ii-1, 1, status) end do C it is no longer necessary to update the PCOUNT keyword; C FITSIO now does this automatically when the HDU is closed. C call ftmkyj(iunit,'PCOUNT',4446, '&',status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'ftpcl_ status = ', status C ################################# C # close then reopen this HDU # C ################################# call ftmrhd(iunit, -1, hdutype, status) call ftmrhd(iunit, 1, hdutype, status) C ############################# C # read data from columns # C ############################# call ftgkyj(iunit, 'PCOUNT', pcount, comm, status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'PCOUNT = ', pcount C initialize the variables to be read inskey(1) =' ' iskey = ' ' do jj = 1, ii larray(jj) = .false. boutarray(jj) = char(0) ioutarray(jj) = 0 joutarray(jj) = 0 eoutarray(jj) = 0 doutarray(jj) = 0 end do call ftghdn(iunit, hdunum) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'HDU number = ', hdunum do ii = 1, 20 C loop over rows 1 - 20 do jj = 1, ii larray(jj) = .false. boutarray(jj) = char(0) ioutarray(jj) = 0 joutarray(jj) = 0 eoutarray(jj) = 0 doutarray(jj) = 0 end do call ftgcvs(iunit, 1, ii, 1,1,iskey,inskey,anynull,status) write(*,'(1x,2A,I4)') 'A ', inskey(1), status call ftgcl( iunit, 2, ii, 1, ii, larray, status) write(*,1400)'L',status,(larray(jj),jj=1,ii) 1400 format(1x,a1,i3,20l3) 1401 format(1x,a1,21i3) call ftgcx(iunit, 3, ii, 1, ii, larray, status) write(*,1400)'X',status,(larray(jj),jj=1,ii) bnul = char(99) call ftgcvb(iunit, 4, ii, 1,ii,bnul,boutarray,anynull,status) do jj = 1,ii jinarray(jj) = ichar(boutarray(jj)) end do write(*,1401)'B',(jinarray(jj),jj=1,ii),status inul = 99 call ftgcvi(iunit, 5, ii, 1,ii,inul,ioutarray,anynull,status) write(*,1401)'I',(ioutarray(jj),jj=1,ii),status call ftgcvj(iunit, 6, ii, 1, ii,99,joutarray,anynull,status) write(*,1401)'J',(joutarray(jj),jj=1,ii),status call ftgcve(iunit, 7, ii, 1,ii,99.,eoutarray,anynull,status) estatus=status write(*,1402)'E',(eoutarray(jj),jj=1,ii),estatus 1402 format(1x,a1,1x,21f3.0) dnul = 99. call ftgcvd(iunit, 8, ii,1,ii,dnul,doutarray,anynull,status) estatus=status write(*,1402)'D',(doutarray(jj),jj=1,ii),estatus call ftgdes(iunit, 8, ii, repeat, offset, status) write(*,'(1x,A,2I5)')'Column 8 repeat and offset =', & repeat,offset end do C ##################################### C # create another image extension # C ##################################### bitpix = 32 naxis = 2 naxes(1) = 10 naxes(2) = 2 npixels = 20 call ftiimg(iunit, bitpix, naxis, naxes, status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'Create image extension: ftiimg status =', & status C initialize arrays of values to write to primary array do ii = 1, npixels boutarray(ii) = char(ii * 2 -2) ioutarray(ii) = ii * 2 -2 joutarray(ii) = ii * 2 -2 koutarray(ii) = ii * 2 -2 eoutarray(ii) = ii * 2 -2 doutarray(ii) = ii * 2 -2 end do C write a few pixels with each datatype call ftpprb(iunit, 1, 1, 2, boutarray(1), status) call ftppri(iunit, 1, 3, 2, ioutarray(3), status) call ftpprj(iunit, 1, 5, 2, koutarray(5), status) call ftppri(iunit, 1, 7, 2, ioutarray(7), status) call ftpprj(iunit, 1, 9, 2, joutarray(9), status) call ftppre(iunit, 1, 11, 2, eoutarray(11), status) call ftpprd(iunit, 1, 13, 2, doutarray(13), status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'ftppr status = ', status C read back the pixels with each datatype bnul = char(0) inul = 0 knul = 0 jnul = 0 enul = 0. dnul = 0. call ftgpvb(iunit, 1, 1, 14, bnul, binarray, anynull, status) call ftgpvi(iunit, 1, 1, 14, inul, iinarray, anynull, status) call ftgpvj(iunit, 1, 1, 14, knul, kinarray, anynull, status) call ftgpvj(iunit, 1, 1, 14, jnul, jinarray, anynull, status) call ftgpve(iunit, 1, 1, 14, enul, einarray, anynull, status) call ftgpvd(iunit, 1, 1, 14, dnul, dinarray, anynull, status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') & 'Image values written with ftppr and read with ftgpv:' npixels = 14 do jj = 1,ii joutarray(jj) = ichar(binarray(jj)) end do write(*,1501)(joutarray(ii),ii=1,npixels),anynull,'(byte)' 1501 format(1x,14i3,l3,1x,a) write(*,1501)(iinarray(ii),ii=1,npixels),anynull,'(short)' write(*,1501)(kinarray(ii),ii=1,npixels),anynull,'(int)' write(*,1501)(jinarray(ii),ii=1,npixels),anynull,'(long)' write(*,1502)(einarray(ii),ii=1,npixels),anynull,'(float)' write(*,1502)(dinarray(ii),ii=1,npixels),anynull,'(double)' 1502 format(2x,14f3.0,l2,1x,a) C ########################################## C # test world coordinate system routines # C ########################################## xrval = 45.83D+00 yrval = 63.57D+00 xrpix = 256.D+00 yrpix = 257.D+00 xinc = -.00277777D+00 yinc = .00277777D+00 C write the WCS keywords C use example values from the latest WCS document call ftpkyd(iunit, 'CRVAL1', xrval, 10, 'comment', status) call ftpkyd(iunit, 'CRVAL2', yrval, 10, 'comment', status) call ftpkyd(iunit, 'CRPIX1', xrpix, 10, 'comment', status) call ftpkyd(iunit, 'CRPIX2', yrpix, 10, 'comment', status) call ftpkyd(iunit, 'CDELT1', xinc, 10, 'comment', status) call ftpkyd(iunit, 'CDELT2', yinc, 10, 'comment', status) C call ftpkyd(iunit, 'CROTA2', rot, 10, 'comment', status) call ftpkys(iunit, 'CTYPE1', xctype, 'comment', status) call ftpkys(iunit, 'CTYPE2', yctype, 'comment', status) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'Wrote WCS keywords status =', status C reset value, to make sure they are reread correctly xrval = 0.D+00 yrval = 0.D+00 xrpix = 0.D+00 yrpix = 0.D+00 xinc = 0.D+00 yinc = 0.D+00 rot = 67.D+00 call ftgics(iunit, xrval, yrval, xrpix, & yrpix, xinc, yinc, rot, ctype, status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'Read WCS keywords with ftgics status =', & status xpix = 0.5D+00 ypix = 0.5D+00 call ftwldp(xpix,ypix,xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc, & rot,ctype, xpos, ypos,status) write(*,'(1x,A,2f8.3)')' CRVAL1, CRVAL2 =', xrval,yrval write(*,'(1x,A,2f8.3)')' CRPIX1, CRPIX2 =', xrpix,yrpix write(*,'(1x,A,2f12.8)')' CDELT1, CDELT2 =', xinc,yinc write(*,'(1x,A,f8.3,2A)')' Rotation =',rot,' CTYPE =',ctype write(*,'(1x,A,I4)')'Calculated sky coord. with ftwldp status =', & status write(*,6501)xpix,ypix,xpos,ypos 6501 format(' Pixels (',f10.6,f10.6,') --> (',f10.6,f10.6,') Sky') call ftxypx(xpos,ypos,xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc, & rot,ctype, xpix, ypix,status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') & 'Calculated pixel coord. with ftxypx status =', status write(*,6502)xpos,ypos,xpix,ypix 6502 format(' Sky (',f10.6,f10.6,') --> (',f10.6,f10.6,') Pixels') C ###################################### C # append another ASCII table # C ###################################### tform(1)= 'A15' tform(2)= 'I11' tform(3)= 'F15.6' tform(4)= 'E13.5' tform(5)= 'D22.14' tbcol(1)= 1 tbcol(2)= 17 tbcol(3)= 29 tbcol(4)= 45 tbcol(5)= 59 rowlen = 80 ttype(1)= 'Name' ttype(2)= 'Ivalue' ttype(3)= 'Fvalue' ttype(4)= 'Evalue' ttype(5)= 'Dvalue' tunit(1)= ' ' tunit(2)= 'm**2' tunit(3)= 'cm' tunit(4)= 'erg/s' tunit(5)= 'km/s' nrows = 11 tfields = 5 tblname = 'new_table' call ftitab(iunit, rowlen, nrows, tfields, ttype, tbcol, & tform, tunit, tblname, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') ' ' write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'ftitab status = ', status call ftpcls(iunit, 1, 1, 1, 3, onskey, status) C write string values C initialize arrays of values to write to primary array do ii = 1,npixels boutarray(ii) = char(ii * 3 -3) ioutarray(ii) = ii * 3 -3 joutarray(ii) = ii * 3 -3 koutarray(ii) = ii * 3 -3 eoutarray(ii) = ii * 3 -3 doutarray(ii) = ii * 3 -3 end do do ii = 2,5 C loop over cols 2 - 5 call ftpclb(iunit, ii, 1, 1, 2, boutarray, status) call ftpcli(iunit, ii, 3, 1, 2,ioutarray(3),status) call ftpclj(iunit, ii, 5, 1, 2,joutarray(5),status) call ftpcle(iunit, ii, 7, 1, 2,eoutarray(7),status) call ftpcld(iunit, ii, 9, 1, 2,doutarray(9),status) end do write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'ftpcl status = ', status C read back the pixels with each datatype call ftgcvb(iunit, 2, 1, 1, 10, bnul, binarray,anynull, & status) call ftgcvi(iunit, 2, 1, 1, 10, inul, iinarray,anynull, & status) call ftgcvj(iunit, 3, 1, 1, 10, knul, kinarray,anynull, & status) call ftgcvj(iunit, 3, 1, 1, 10, jnul, jinarray,anynull, & status) call ftgcve(iunit, 4, 1, 1, 10, enul, einarray,anynull, & status) call ftgcvd(iunit, 5, 1, 1, 10, dnul, dinarray,anynull, & status) write(*,'(1x,A)') &'Column values written with ftpcl and read with ftgcl: ' npixels = 10 do ii = 1,npixels joutarray(ii) = ichar(binarray(ii)) end do write(*,1601)(joutarray(ii),ii = 1, npixels),anynull,'(byte) ' write(*,1601)(iinarray(ii),ii = 1, npixels),anynull,'(short) ' write(*,1601)(kinarray(ii),ii = 1, npixels),anynull,'(int) ' write(*,1601)(jinarray(ii),ii = 1, npixels),anynull,'(long) ' write(*,1602)(einarray(ii),ii = 1, npixels),anynull,'(float) ' write(*,1602)(dinarray(ii),ii = 1, npixels),anynull,'(double) ' 1601 format(1x,10i3,l3,1x,a) 1602 format(2x,10f3.0,l2,1x,a) C ########################################################### C # perform stress test by cycling thru all the extensions # C ########################################################### write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)')'Repeatedly move to the 1st 4 HDUs of the file: ' do ii = 1,10 call ftmahd(iunit, 1, hdutype, status) call ftghdn(iunit, hdunum) call ftmrhd(iunit, 1, hdutype, status) call ftghdn(iunit, hdunum) call ftmrhd(iunit, 1, hdutype, status) call ftghdn(iunit, hdunum) call ftmrhd(iunit, 1, hdutype, status) call ftghdn(iunit, hdunum) call ftmrhd(iunit, -1, hdutype, status) call ftghdn(iunit, hdunum) if (status .gt. 0) go to 999 end do write(*,'(1x,A)') ' ' checksum = 1234567890.D+00 call ftesum(checksum, .false., asciisum) write(*,'(1x,A,F13.1,2A)')'Encode checksum: ',checksum,' -> ', & asciisum checksum = 0 call ftdsum(asciisum, 0, checksum) write(*,'(1x,3A,F13.1)') 'Decode checksum: ',asciisum,' -> ', & checksum call ftpcks(iunit, status) C don't print the CHECKSUM value because it is different every day C because the current date is in the comment field. call ftgcrd(iunit, 'CHECKSUM', card, status) C write(*,'(1x,A)') card call ftgcrd(iunit, 'DATASUM', card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card(1:22) call ftgcks(iunit, datsum, checksum, status) write(*,'(1x,A,F13.1,I4)') 'ftgcks data checksum, status = ', & datsum, status call ftvcks(iunit, datastatus, hdustatus, status) write(*,'(1x,A,3I4)')'ftvcks datastatus, hdustatus, status = ', & datastatus, hdustatus, status call ftprec(iunit, & 'new_key = ''written by fxprec'' / to change checksum',status) call ftucks(iunit, status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'ftupck status = ', status call ftgcrd(iunit, 'DATASUM', card, status) write(*,'(1x,A)') card(1:22) call ftvcks(iunit, datastatus, hdustatus, status) write(*,'(1x,A,3I4)') 'ftvcks datastatus, hdustatus, status = ', & datastatus, hdustatus, status C delete the checksum keywords, so that the FITS file is always C the same, regardless of the date of when testprog is run. call ftdkey(iunit, 'CHECKSUM', status) call ftdkey(iunit, 'DATASUM', status) C ############################ C # close file and quit # C ############################ 999 continue C jump here on error call ftclos(iunit, status) write(*,'(1x,A,I4)') 'ftclos status = ', status write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A)') & 'Normally, there should be 8 error messages on the' write(*,'(1x,A)') 'stack all regarding ''numerical overflows'':' call ftgmsg(errmsg) nmsg = 0 998 continue if (errmsg .ne. ' ')then write(*,'(1x,A)') errmsg nmsg = nmsg + 1 call ftgmsg(errmsg) go to 998 end if if (nmsg .ne. 8)write(*,'(1x,A)') & ' WARNING: Did not find the expected 8 error messages!' call ftgerr(status, errmsg) write(*,'(1x,A)')' ' write(*,'(1x,A,I4,2A)') 'Status =', status,': ', errmsg(1:50) end cfitsio-4.3.1/getcolb.c0000644000225700000360000023100214075614240014231 0ustar cagordonlhea/* This file, getcolb.c, contains routines that read data elements from */ /* a FITS image or table, with unsigned char (unsigned byte) data type. */ /* The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy */ /* Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA */ /* Goddard Space Flight Center. */ #include #include #include #include #include "fitsio2.h" /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgpvb( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ unsigned char nulval, /* I - value for undefined pixels */ unsigned char *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Undefined elements will be set equal to NULVAL, unless NULVAL=0 in which case no checking for undefined values will be performed. ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined. */ { long row; char cdummy; int nullcheck = 1; unsigned char nullvalue; if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ nullvalue = nulval; /* set local variable */ fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TBYTE, firstelem, nelem, nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ row=maxvalue(1,group); ffgclb(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval, array, &cdummy, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgpfb( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ unsigned char *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ char *nularray, /* O - array of null pixel flags */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Any undefined pixels in the returned array will be set = 0 and the corresponding nularray value will be set = 1. ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined. */ { long row; int nullcheck = 2; if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TBYTE, firstelem, nelem, nullcheck, NULL, array, nularray, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ row=maxvalue(1,group); ffgclb(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0, array, nularray, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffg2db(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group) */ unsigned char nulval, /* set undefined pixels equal to this */ LONGLONG ncols, /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */ LONGLONG naxis1, /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value */ LONGLONG naxis2, /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value */ unsigned char *array, /* O - array to be filled and returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an entire 2-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Any null values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed. */ { /* call the 3D reading routine, with the 3rd dimension = 1 */ ffg3db(fptr, group, nulval, ncols, naxis2, naxis1, naxis2, 1, array, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffg3db(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group) */ unsigned char nulval, /* set undefined pixels equal to this */ LONGLONG ncols, /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */ LONGLONG nrows, /* I - number of rows in each plane of array */ LONGLONG naxis1, /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value */ LONGLONG naxis2, /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value */ LONGLONG naxis3, /* I - FITS image NAXIS3 value */ unsigned char *array, /* O - array to be filled and returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an entire 3-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Any null values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed. */ { long tablerow, ii, jj; LONGLONG narray, nfits; char cdummy; int nullcheck = 1; long inc[] = {1,1,1}; LONGLONG fpixel[] = {1,1,1}; LONGLONG lpixel[3]; unsigned char nullvalue; if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ lpixel[0] = ncols; lpixel[1] = nrows; lpixel[2] = naxis3; nullvalue = nulval; /* set local variable */ fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TBYTE, fpixel, lpixel, inc, nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ tablerow=maxvalue(1,group); if (ncols == naxis1 && nrows == naxis2) /* arrays have same size? */ { /* all the image pixels are contiguous, so read all at once */ ffgclb(fptr, 2, tablerow, 1, naxis1 * naxis2 * naxis3, 1, 1, nulval, array, &cdummy, anynul, status); return(*status); } if (ncols < naxis1 || nrows < naxis2) return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); nfits = 1; /* next pixel in FITS image to read */ narray = 0; /* next pixel in output array to be filled */ /* loop over naxis3 planes in the data cube */ for (jj = 0; jj < naxis3; jj++) { /* loop over the naxis2 rows in the FITS image, */ /* reading naxis1 pixels to each row */ for (ii = 0; ii < naxis2; ii++) { if (ffgclb(fptr, 2, tablerow, nfits, naxis1, 1, 1, nulval, &array[narray], &cdummy, anynul, status) > 0) return(*status); nfits += naxis1; narray += ncols; } narray += (nrows - naxis2) * ncols; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgsvb(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st) */ int naxis, /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array */ long *naxes, /* I - size of each dimension */ long *blc, /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection */ long *trc, /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection */ long *inc, /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */ unsigned char nulval, /* I - value to set undefined pixels */ unsigned char *array, /* O - array to be filled and returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column. This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions. */ { long ii, i0, i1, i2, i3, i4, i5, i6, i7, i8, row, rstr, rstp, rinc; long str[9], stp[9], incr[9], dir[9]; long nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol; LONGLONG felem, dsize[10], blcll[9], trcll[9]; int hdutype, anyf; char ldummy, msg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; int nullcheck = 1; unsigned char nullvalue; if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9) { snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvb is out of range", naxis); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); } if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) { blcll[ii] = blc[ii]; trcll[ii] = trc[ii]; } nullvalue = nulval; /* set local variable */ fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TBYTE, blcll, trcll, inc, nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1). */ if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0) return(*status); if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { /* this is a primary array, or image extension */ if (colnum == 0) { rstr = 1; rstp = 1; } else { rstr = colnum; rstp = colnum; } rinc = 1; numcol = 2; } else { /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */ rstr = blc[naxis]; rstp = trc[naxis]; rinc = inc[naxis]; numcol = colnum; } nultyp = 1; if (anynul) *anynul = FALSE; i0 = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++) { str[ii] = 1; stp[ii] = 1; incr[ii] = 1; dsize[ii] = 1; dir[ii] = 1; } for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { if (trc[ii] < blc[ii]) { if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { dir[ii] = -1; } else { snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvb: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM); } } str[ii] = blc[ii]; stp[ii] = trc[ii]; incr[ii] = inc[ii]; dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii]; dsize[ii] = dsize[ii] * dir[ii]; } dsize[naxis] = dsize[naxis] * dir[naxis]; if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1) { /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */ nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1; ninc = rinc; rstp = rstr; } else { /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */ nelem = (stp[0]*dir[0] - str[0]*dir[0]) / inc[0] + 1; ninc = incr[0] * dir[0]; } for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc) { for (i8 = str[8]*dir[8]; i8 <= stp[8]*dir[8]; i8 += incr[8]) { for (i7 = str[7]*dir[7]; i7 <= stp[7]*dir[7]; i7 += incr[7]) { for (i6 = str[6]*dir[6]; i6 <= stp[6]*dir[6]; i6 += incr[6]) { for (i5 = str[5]*dir[5]; i5 <= stp[5]*dir[5]; i5 += incr[5]) { for (i4 = str[4]*dir[4]; i4 <= stp[4]*dir[4]; i4 += incr[4]) { for (i3 = str[3]*dir[3]; i3 <= stp[3]*dir[3]; i3 += incr[3]) { for (i2 = str[2]*dir[2]; i2 <= stp[2]*dir[2]; i2 += incr[2]) { for (i1 = str[1]*dir[1]; i1 <= stp[1]*dir[1]; i1 += incr[1]) { felem=str[0] + (i1 - dir[1]) * dsize[1] + (i2 - dir[2]) * dsize[2] + (i3 - dir[3]) * dsize[3] + (i4 - dir[4]) * dsize[4] + (i5 - dir[5]) * dsize[5] + (i6 - dir[6]) * dsize[6] + (i7 - dir[7]) * dsize[7] + (i8 - dir[8]) * dsize[8]; if ( ffgclb(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp, nulval, &array[i0], &ldummy, &anyf, status) > 0) return(*status); if (anyf && anynul) *anynul = TRUE; i0 += nelem; } } } } } } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgsfb(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st) */ int naxis, /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array */ long *naxes, /* I - size of each dimension */ long *blc, /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection */ long *trc, /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection */ long *inc, /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */ unsigned char *array, /* O - array to be filled and returned */ char *flagval, /* O - set to 1 if corresponding value is null */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column. This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions. */ { long ii,i0, i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,row,rstr,rstp,rinc; long str[9],stp[9],incr[9],dsize[10]; LONGLONG blcll[9], trcll[9]; long felem, nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol; int hdutype, anyf; unsigned char nulval = 0; char msg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; int nullcheck = 2; if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9) { snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvb is out of range", naxis); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); } if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) { blcll[ii] = blc[ii]; trcll[ii] = trc[ii]; } fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TBYTE, blcll, trcll, inc, nullcheck, NULL, array, flagval, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1). */ if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0) return(*status); if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { /* this is a primary array, or image extension */ if (colnum == 0) { rstr = 1; rstp = 1; } else { rstr = colnum; rstp = colnum; } rinc = 1; numcol = 2; } else { /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */ rstr = blc[naxis]; rstp = trc[naxis]; rinc = inc[naxis]; numcol = colnum; } nultyp = 2; if (anynul) *anynul = FALSE; i0 = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++) { str[ii] = 1; stp[ii] = 1; incr[ii] = 1; dsize[ii] = 1; } for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { if (trc[ii] < blc[ii]) { snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvb: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM); } str[ii] = blc[ii]; stp[ii] = trc[ii]; incr[ii] = inc[ii]; dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii]; } if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1) { /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */ nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1; ninc = rinc; rstp = rstr; } else { /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */ nelem = (stp[0] - str[0]) / inc[0] + 1; ninc = incr[0]; } for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc) { for (i8 = str[8]; i8 <= stp[8]; i8 += incr[8]) { for (i7 = str[7]; i7 <= stp[7]; i7 += incr[7]) { for (i6 = str[6]; i6 <= stp[6]; i6 += incr[6]) { for (i5 = str[5]; i5 <= stp[5]; i5 += incr[5]) { for (i4 = str[4]; i4 <= stp[4]; i4 += incr[4]) { for (i3 = str[3]; i3 <= stp[3]; i3 += incr[3]) { for (i2 = str[2]; i2 <= stp[2]; i2 += incr[2]) { for (i1 = str[1]; i1 <= stp[1]; i1 += incr[1]) { felem=str[0] + (i1 - 1) * dsize[1] + (i2 - 1) * dsize[2] + (i3 - 1) * dsize[3] + (i4 - 1) * dsize[4] + (i5 - 1) * dsize[5] + (i6 - 1) * dsize[6] + (i7 - 1) * dsize[7] + (i8 - 1) * dsize[8]; if ( ffgclb(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp, nulval, &array[i0], &flagval[i0], &anyf, status) > 0) return(*status); if (anyf && anynul) *anynul = TRUE; i0 += nelem; } } } } } } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffggpb( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group) */ long firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ long nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ unsigned char *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of group parameters from the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). */ { long row; int idummy; char cdummy; /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ row=maxvalue(1,group); ffgclb(fptr, 1, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, array, &cdummy, &idummy, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcvb(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ unsigned char nulval, /* I - value for null pixels */ unsigned char *array, /* O - array of values that are read */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined. Any undefined pixels will be set equal to the value of 'nulval' unless nulval = 0 in which case no checks for undefined pixels will be made. */ { char cdummy; ffgclb(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval, array, &cdummy, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcfb(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ unsigned char *array, /* O - array of values that are read */ char *nularray, /* O - array of flags: 1 if null pixel; else 0 */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined. Nularray will be set = 1 if the corresponding array pixel is undefined, otherwise nularray will = 0. */ { unsigned char dummy = 0; ffgclb(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, dummy, array, nularray, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgclb( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ long elemincre, /* I - pixel increment; e.g., 2 = every other */ int nultyp, /* I - null value handling code: */ /* 1: set undefined pixels = nulval */ /* 2: set nularray=1 for undefined pixels */ unsigned char nulval, /* I - value for null pixels if nultyp = 1 */ unsigned char *array, /* O - array of values that are read */ char *nularray, /* O - array of flags = 1 if nultyp = 2 */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. The column number may refer to a real column in an ASCII or binary table, or it may refer be a virtual column in a 1 or more grouped FITS primary array or image extension. FITSIO treats a primary array as a binary table with 2 vector columns: the first column contains the group parameters (often with length = 0) and the second column contains the array of image pixels. Each row of the table represents a group in the case of multigroup FITS images. The output array of values will be converted from the datatype of the column and will be scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary. */ { double scale, zero, power = 1., dtemp; int tcode, maxelem2, hdutype, xcode, decimals; long twidth, incre, ntodo; long ii, xwidth; int convert, nulcheck, readcheck = 16; /* see note below on readcheck */ LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, readptr, tnull; LONGLONG rowlen, rownum, remain, next, rowincre, maxelem; char tform[20]; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; char snull[20]; /* the FITS null value if reading from ASCII table */ double cbuff[DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double)]; /* align cbuff on word boundary */ void *buffer; union u_tag { char charval; unsigned char ucharval; } u; if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); buffer = cbuff; if (anynul) *anynul = 0; if (nultyp == 2) memset(nularray, 0, (size_t) nelem); /* initialize nullarray */ /*---------------------------------------------------*/ /* Check input and get parameters about the column: */ /*---------------------------------------------------*/ if (elemincre < 0) readcheck -= 1; /* don't do range checking in this case */ /* IMPORTANT NOTE: that the special case of using this subroutine to read bytes from a character column are handled internally by the call to ffgcprll() below. It will adjust the effective *tcode, repeats, etc, to appear as a TBYTE column. */ /* Note that readcheck = 16 is equivalent to readcheck = 0 and readcheck = 15 is equivalent to readcheck = -1, but either of those settings allow TSTRINGS to be treated as TBYTE vectors, but with full error checking */ ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, readcheck, &scale, &zero, tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem2, &startpos, &elemnum, &incre, &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status); maxelem = maxelem2; /* special case */ if (tcode == TLOGICAL && elemincre == 1) { u.ucharval = nulval; ffgcll(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, nultyp, u.charval, (char *) array, nularray, anynul, status); return(*status); } if (*status > 0) return(*status); incre *= elemincre; /* multiply incre to just get every nth pixel */ if (tcode == TSTRING && hdutype == ASCII_TBL) /* setup for ASCII tables */ { /* get the number of implied decimal places if no explicit decmal point */ ffasfm(tform, &xcode, &xwidth, &decimals, status); for(ii = 0; ii < decimals; ii++) power *= 10.; } /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Decide whether to check for null values in the input FITS file: */ /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/ nulcheck = nultyp; /* by default, check for null values in the FITS file */ if (nultyp == 1 && nulval == 0) nulcheck = 0; /* calling routine does not want to check for nulls */ else if (tcode%10 == 1 && /* if reading an integer column, and */ tnull == NULL_UNDEFINED) /* if a null value is not defined, */ nulcheck = 0; /* then do not check for null values. */ else if (tcode == TSHORT && (tnull > SHRT_MAX || tnull < SHRT_MIN) ) nulcheck = 0; /* Impossible null value */ else if (tcode == TBYTE && (tnull > 255 || tnull < 0) ) nulcheck = 0; /* Impossible null value */ else if (tcode == TSTRING && snull[0] == ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED) nulcheck = 0; /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* If FITS column and output data array have same datatype, then we do */ /* not need to use a temporary buffer to store intermediate datatype. */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ convert = 1; if (tcode == TBYTE) /* Special Case: */ { /* no type convertion required, so read */ /* data directly into output buffer. */ if (nelem < (LONGLONG)INT32_MAX) { maxelem = nelem; } else { maxelem = INT32_MAX; } if (nulcheck == 0 && scale == 1. && zero == 0.) convert = 0; /* no need to scale data or find nulls */ } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Now read the pixels from the FITS column. If the column does not */ /* have the same datatype as the output array, then we have to read */ /* the raw values into a temporary buffer (of limited size). In */ /* the case of a vector colum read only 1 vector of values at a time */ /* then skip to the next row if more values need to be read. */ /* After reading the raw values, then call the fffXXYY routine to (1) */ /* test for undefined values, (2) convert the datatype if necessary, */ /* and (3) scale the values by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn linear */ /* scaling parameters. */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ remain = nelem; /* remaining number of values to read */ next = 0; /* next element in array to be read */ rownum = 0; /* row number, relative to firstrow */ while (remain) { /* limit the number of pixels to read at one time to the number that will fit in the buffer or to the number of pixels that remain in the current vector, which ever is smaller. */ ntodo = (long) minvalue(remain, maxelem); if (elemincre >= 0) { ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, ((repeat - elemnum - 1)/elemincre +1)); } else { ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, (elemnum/(-elemincre) +1)); } readptr = startpos + ((LONGLONG)rownum * rowlen) + (elemnum * (incre / elemincre)); switch (tcode) { case (TBYTE): ffgi1b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, &array[next], status); if (convert) fffi1i1(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TSHORT): ffgi2b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (short *) buffer, status); fffi2i1((short *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, (short) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TLONG): ffgi4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (INT32BIT *) buffer, status); fffi4i1((INT32BIT *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, (INT32BIT) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TLONGLONG): ffgi8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (long *) buffer, status); fffi8i1( (LONGLONG *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TFLOAT): ffgr4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (float *) buffer, status); fffr4i1((float *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TDOUBLE): ffgr8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (double *) buffer, status); fffr8i1((double *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TSTRING): ffmbyt(fptr, readptr, REPORT_EOF, status); if (incre == twidth) /* contiguous bytes */ ffgbyt(fptr, ntodo * twidth, buffer, status); else ffgbytoff(fptr, twidth, ntodo, incre - twidth, buffer, status); /* interpret the string as an ASCII formated number */ fffstri1((char *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, twidth, power, nulcheck, snull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; default: /* error trap for invalid column format */ snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Cannot read bytes from column %d which has format %s", colnum, tform); ffpmsg(message); if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL) return(*status = BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT); else return(*status = BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT); } /* End of switch block */ /*-------------------------*/ /* Check for fatal error */ /*-------------------------*/ if (*status > 0) /* test for error during previous read operation */ { dtemp = (double) next; if (hdutype > 0) snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from column %d (ffgclb).", dtemp+1., dtemp+ntodo, colnum); else snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from image (ffgclb).", dtemp+1., dtemp+ntodo); ffpmsg(message); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------*/ /* increment the counters for the next loop */ /*--------------------------------------------*/ remain -= ntodo; if (remain) { next += ntodo; elemnum = elemnum + (ntodo * elemincre); if (elemnum >= repeat) /* completed a row; start on later row */ { rowincre = elemnum / repeat; rownum += rowincre; elemnum = elemnum - (rowincre * repeat); } else if (elemnum < 0) /* completed a row; start on a previous row */ { rowincre = (-elemnum - 1) / repeat + 1; rownum -= rowincre; elemnum = (rowincre * repeat) + elemnum; } } } /* End of main while Loop */ /*--------------------------------*/ /* check for numerical overflow */ /*--------------------------------*/ if (*status == OVERFLOW_ERR) { ffpmsg( "Numerical overflow during type conversion while reading FITS data."); *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgextn( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ LONGLONG offset, /* I - byte offset from start of extension data */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of elements to read */ void *buffer, /* I - stream of bytes to read */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read a stream of bytes from the current FITS HDU. This primative routine is mainly for reading non-standard "conforming" extensions and should not be used for standard IMAGE, TABLE or BINTABLE extensions. */ { if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */ else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) return(*status); /* move to write position */ ffmbyt(fptr, (fptr->Fptr)->datastart+ offset, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* read the buffer */ ffgbyt(fptr, nelem, buffer, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffi1i1(unsigned char *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ unsigned char tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ unsigned char nullval,/* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ unsigned char *output,/* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { /* this routine is normally not called in this case */ memmove(output, input, ntodo ); } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else output[ii] = input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffi2i1(short *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ short tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ unsigned char nullval,/* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ unsigned char *output,/* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] < 0) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (input[ii] > UCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { if (input[ii] < 0) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (input[ii] > UCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) input[ii]; } } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffi4i1(INT32BIT *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ INT32BIT tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ unsigned char nullval,/* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ unsigned char *output,/* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] < 0) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (input[ii] > UCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { if (input[ii] < 0) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (input[ii] > UCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) input[ii]; } } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffi8i1(LONGLONG *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ LONGLONG tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ unsigned char nullval,/* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ unsigned char *output,/* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; ULONGLONG ulltemp; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 9223372036854775808.) { /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */ /* Instead of adding 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */ /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { ulltemp = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000); if (ulltemp > UCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) ulltemp; } } else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] < 0) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (input[ii] > UCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 9223372036854775808.) { /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */ /* Instead of adding 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */ /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { ulltemp = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000); if (ulltemp > UCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else { output[ii] = (unsigned char) ulltemp; } } } } else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { if (input[ii] < 0) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (input[ii] > UCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) input[ii]; } } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffr4i1(float *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ unsigned char nullval,/* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ unsigned char *output,/* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; short *sptr, iret; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (input[ii] > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { sptr = (short *) input; #if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS sptr++; /* point to MSBs */ #endif if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2) { /* use redundant boolean logic in following statement */ /* to suppress irritating Borland compiler warning message */ if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) ) /* test for NaN or underflow */ { if (iret == 1) /* is it a NaN? */ { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else /* it's an underflow */ output[ii] = 0; } else { if (input[ii] < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (input[ii] > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) input[ii]; } } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2) { if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) ) /* test for NaN or underflow */ { if (iret == 1) /* is it a NaN? */ { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else /* it's an underflow */ { if (zero < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (zero > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) zero; } } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffr8i1(double *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ unsigned char nullval,/* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ unsigned char *output,/* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; short *sptr, iret; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (input[ii] > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { sptr = (short *) input; #if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS sptr += 3; /* point to MSBs */ #endif if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4) { if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) ) /* test for NaN or underflow */ { if (iret == 1) /* is it a NaN? */ { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else /* it's an underflow */ output[ii] = 0; } else { if (input[ii] < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (input[ii] > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) input[ii]; } } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4) { if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) ) /* test for NaN or underflow */ { if (iret == 1) /* is it a NaN? */ { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else /* it's an underflow */ { if (zero < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (zero > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) zero; } } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffstri1(char *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ long twidth, /* I - width of each substring of chars */ double implipower, /* I - power of 10 of implied decimal */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ char *snull, /* I - value of FITS null string, if any */ unsigned char nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ unsigned char *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to snull. If nullcheck= 0, then no special checking for nulls is performed. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { int nullen; long ii; double dvalue; char *cstring, message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; char *cptr, *tpos; char tempstore, chrzero = '0'; double val, power; int exponent, sign, esign, decpt; nullen = strlen(snull); cptr = input; /* pointer to start of input string */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { cstring = cptr; /* temporarily insert a null terminator at end of the string */ tpos = cptr + twidth; tempstore = *tpos; *tpos = 0; /* check if null value is defined, and if the */ /* column string is identical to the null string */ if (snull[0] != ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED && !strncmp(snull, cptr, nullen) ) { if (nullcheck) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } cptr += twidth; } else { /* value is not the null value, so decode it */ /* remove any embedded blank characters from the string */ decpt = 0; sign = 1; val = 0.; power = 1.; exponent = 0; esign = 1; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip leading blanks */ cptr++; if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+') /* check for leading sign */ { if (*cptr == '-') sign = -1; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip blanks between sign and value */ cptr++; } while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9') { val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero; /* accumulate the value */ cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip embedded blanks in the value */ cptr++; } if (*cptr == '.' || *cptr == ',') /* check for decimal point */ { decpt = 1; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip any blanks */ cptr++; while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9') { val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero; /* accumulate the value */ power = power * 10.; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip embedded blanks in the value */ cptr++; } } if (*cptr == 'E' || *cptr == 'D') /* check for exponent */ { cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip blanks */ cptr++; if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+') /* check for exponent sign */ { if (*cptr == '-') esign = -1; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip blanks between sign and exp */ cptr++; } while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9') { exponent = exponent * 10 + *cptr - chrzero; /* accumulate exp */ cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip embedded blanks */ cptr++; } } if (*cptr != 0) /* should end up at the null terminator */ { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Cannot read number from ASCII table"); ffpmsg(message); snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Column field = %s.", cstring); ffpmsg(message); /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */ *tpos = tempstore; return(*status = BAD_C2D); } if (!decpt) /* if no explicit decimal, use implied */ power = implipower; dvalue = (sign * val / power) * pow(10., (double) (esign * exponent)); dvalue = dvalue * scale + zero; /* apply the scaling */ if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) dvalue; } /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */ *tpos = tempstore; } return(*status); } cfitsio-4.3.1/simplerng.h0000644000225700000360000000206613472024437014630 0ustar cagordonlhea/* Simple Random Number Generators - getuniform - uniform deviate [0,1] - getnorm - gaussian (normal) deviate (mean=0, stddev=1) - getpoisson - poisson deviate for given expected mean lambda This code is adapted from SimpleRNG by John D Cook, which is provided in the public domain. The original C++ code is found here: http://www.johndcook.com/cpp_random_number_generation.html This code has been modified in the following ways compared to the original. 1. convert to C from C++ 2. keep only uniform, gaussian and poisson deviates 3. state variables are module static instead of class variables 4. provide an srand() equivalent to initialize the state */ extern void simplerng_setstate(unsigned int u, unsigned int v); extern void simplerng_getstate(unsigned int *u, unsigned int *v); extern void simplerng_srand(unsigned int seed); extern double simplerng_getuniform(void); extern double simplerng_getnorm(void); extern int simplerng_getpoisson(double lambda); extern double simplerng_logfactorial(int n); cfitsio-4.3.1/cookbook.c0000644000225700000360000005254213472024437014435 0ustar cagordonlhea#include #include #include /* Every program which uses the CFITSIO interface must include the the fitsio.h header file. This contains the prototypes for all the routines and defines the error status values and other symbolic constants used in the interface. */ #include "fitsio.h" int main( void ); void writeimage( void ); void writeascii( void ); void writebintable( void ); void copyhdu( void ); void selectrows( void ); void readheader( void ); void readimage( void ); void readtable( void ); void printerror( int status); int main() { /************************************************************************* This is a simple main program that calls the following routines: writeimage - write a FITS primary array image writeascii - write a FITS ASCII table extension writebintable - write a FITS binary table extension copyhdu - copy a header/data unit from one FITS file to another selectrows - copy selected row from one HDU to another readheader - read and print the header keywords in every extension readimage - read a FITS image and compute the min and max value readtable - read columns of data from ASCII and binary tables **************************************************************************/ writeimage(); writeascii(); writebintable(); copyhdu(); selectrows(); readheader(); readimage(); readtable(); printf("\nAll the cfitsio cookbook routines ran successfully.\n"); return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void writeimage( void ) /******************************************************/ /* Create a FITS primary array containing a 2-D image */ /******************************************************/ { fitsfile *fptr; /* pointer to the FITS file, defined in fitsio.h */ int status, ii, jj; long fpixel, nelements, exposure; unsigned short *array[200]; /* initialize FITS image parameters */ char filename[] = "atestfil.fit"; /* name for new FITS file */ int bitpix = USHORT_IMG; /* 16-bit unsigned short pixel values */ long naxis = 2; /* 2-dimensional image */ long naxes[2] = { 300, 200 }; /* image is 300 pixels wide by 200 rows */ /* allocate memory for the whole image */ array[0] = (unsigned short *)malloc( naxes[0] * naxes[1] * sizeof( unsigned short ) ); /* initialize pointers to the start of each row of the image */ for( ii=1; ii 0) { nbuffer = npixels; if (npixels > buffsize) nbuffer = buffsize; /* read as many pixels as will fit in buffer */ /* Note that even though the FITS images contains unsigned integer */ /* pixel values (or more accurately, signed integer pixels with */ /* a bias of 32768), this routine is reading the values into a */ /* float array. Cfitsio automatically performs the datatype */ /* conversion in cases like this. */ if ( fits_read_img(fptr, TFLOAT, fpixel, nbuffer, &nullval, buffer, &anynull, &status) ) printerror( status ); for (ii = 0; ii < nbuffer; ii++) { if ( buffer[ii] < datamin ) datamin = buffer[ii]; if ( buffer[ii] > datamax ) datamax = buffer[ii]; } npixels -= nbuffer; /* increment remaining number of pixels */ fpixel += nbuffer; /* next pixel to be read in image */ } printf("\nMin and max image pixels = %.0f, %.0f\n", datamin, datamax); if ( fits_close_file(fptr, &status) ) printerror( status ); return; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void readtable( void ) /************************************************************/ /* read and print data values from an ASCII or binary table */ /************************************************************/ { fitsfile *fptr; /* pointer to the FITS file, defined in fitsio.h */ int status, hdunum, hdutype, nfound, anynull, ii; long frow, felem, nelem, longnull, dia[6]; float floatnull, den[6]; char strnull[10], *name[6], *ttype[3]; char filename[] = "atestfil.fit"; /* name of existing FITS file */ status = 0; if ( fits_open_file(&fptr, filename, READONLY, &status) ) printerror( status ); for (ii = 0; ii < 3; ii++) /* allocate space for the column labels */ ttype[ii] = (char *) malloc(FLEN_VALUE); /* max label length = 69 */ for (ii = 0; ii < 6; ii++) /* allocate space for string column value */ name[ii] = (char *) malloc(10); for (hdunum = 2; hdunum <= 3; hdunum++) /*read ASCII, then binary table */ { /* move to the HDU */ if ( fits_movabs_hdu(fptr, hdunum, &hdutype, &status) ) printerror( status ); if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL) printf("\nReading ASCII table in HDU %d:\n", hdunum); else if (hdutype == BINARY_TBL) printf("\nReading binary table in HDU %d:\n", hdunum); else { printf("Error: this HDU is not an ASCII or binary table\n"); printerror( status ); } /* read the column names from the TTYPEn keywords */ fits_read_keys_str(fptr, "TTYPE", 1, 3, ttype, &nfound, &status); printf(" Row %10s %10s %10s\n", ttype[0], ttype[1], ttype[2]); frow = 1; felem = 1; nelem = 6; strcpy(strnull, " "); longnull = 0; floatnull = 0.; /* read the columns */ fits_read_col(fptr, TSTRING, 1, frow, felem, nelem, strnull, name, &anynull, &status); fits_read_col(fptr, TLONG, 2, frow, felem, nelem, &longnull, dia, &anynull, &status); fits_read_col(fptr, TFLOAT, 3, frow, felem, nelem, &floatnull, den, &anynull, &status); for (ii = 0; ii < 6; ii++) printf("%5d %10s %10ld %10.2f\n", ii + 1, name[ii], dia[ii], den[ii]); } for (ii = 0; ii < 3; ii++) /* free the memory for the column labels */ free( ttype[ii] ); for (ii = 0; ii < 6; ii++) /* free the memory for the string column */ free( name[ii] ); if ( fits_close_file(fptr, &status) ) printerror( status ); return; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void printerror( int status) { /*****************************************************/ /* Print out cfitsio error messages and exit program */ /*****************************************************/ if (status) { fits_report_error(stderr, status); /* print error report */ exit( status ); /* terminate the program, returning error status */ } return; } cfitsio-4.3.1/cfitsio.xcodeproj/0000755000225700000360000000000013472024437016107 5ustar cagordonlheacfitsio-4.3.1/cfitsio.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj0000644000225700000360000000624113472024437021166 0ustar cagordonlhea// !$*UTF8*$! { archiveVersion = 1; classes = { }; objectVersion = 46; objects = { /* Begin PBXAggregateTarget section */ 462A28570A4EF04900AB8766 /* CFITSIO */ = { isa = PBXAggregateTarget; buildConfigurationList = 462A285C0A4EF05400AB8766 /* Build configuration list for PBXAggregateTarget "CFITSIO" */; buildPhases = ( 462A28580A4EF05100AB8766 /* ShellScript */, ); dependencies = ( ); name = CFITSIO; productName = "Build Universal"; }; /* End PBXAggregateTarget section */ /* Begin PBXGroup section */ 22831BBD1146D2B6004A1DD3 /* Products */ = { isa = PBXGroup; children = ( ); name = Products; sourceTree = ""; }; 462A28340A4EEE3200AB8766 = { isa = PBXGroup; children = ( 22831BBD1146D2B6004A1DD3 /* Products */, ); sourceTree = ""; }; /* End PBXGroup section */ /* Begin PBXProject section */ 462A28360A4EEE3200AB8766 /* Project object */ = { isa = PBXProject; attributes = { LastUpgradeCheck = 0630; }; buildConfigurationList = 462A28370A4EEE3200AB8766 /* Build configuration list for PBXProject "cfitsio" */; compatibilityVersion = "Xcode 3.2"; developmentRegion = English; hasScannedForEncodings = 0; knownRegions = ( en, ); mainGroup = 462A28340A4EEE3200AB8766; productRefGroup = 22831BBD1146D2B6004A1DD3 /* Products */; projectDirPath = ""; projectRoot = ""; targets = ( 462A28570A4EF04900AB8766 /* CFITSIO */, ); }; /* End PBXProject section */ /* Begin PBXShellScriptBuildPhase section */ 462A28580A4EF05100AB8766 /* ShellScript */ = { isa = PBXShellScriptBuildPhase; buildActionMask = 2147483647; files = ( ); inputPaths = ( ); outputPaths = ( ); runOnlyForDeploymentPostprocessing = 0; shellPath = /bin/sh; shellScript = "# shell script goes here\nmake distclean\n./configure\nmake shared\nmake testprog\nmake fpack\nmake funpack\nmake fitscopy\nexit 0"; }; /* End PBXShellScriptBuildPhase section */ /* Begin XCBuildConfiguration section */ 462A28390A4EEE3200AB8766 /* Release */ = { isa = XCBuildConfiguration; buildSettings = { COPY_PHASE_STRIP = YES; }; name = Release; }; 462A285E0A4EF05400AB8766 /* Release */ = { isa = XCBuildConfiguration; buildSettings = { COPY_PHASE_STRIP = YES; GCC_ENABLE_FIX_AND_CONTINUE = NO; GCC_GENERATE_DEBUGGING_SYMBOLS = NO; PRODUCT_NAME = CFITSIO; ZERO_LINK = NO; }; name = Release; }; /* End XCBuildConfiguration section */ /* Begin XCConfigurationList section */ 462A28370A4EEE3200AB8766 /* Build configuration list for PBXProject "cfitsio" */ = { isa = XCConfigurationList; buildConfigurations = ( 462A28390A4EEE3200AB8766 /* Release */, ); defaultConfigurationIsVisible = 0; defaultConfigurationName = Release; }; 462A285C0A4EF05400AB8766 /* Build configuration list for PBXAggregateTarget "CFITSIO" */ = { isa = XCConfigurationList; buildConfigurations = ( 462A285E0A4EF05400AB8766 /* Release */, ); defaultConfigurationIsVisible = 0; defaultConfigurationName = Release; }; /* End XCConfigurationList section */ }; rootObject = 462A28360A4EEE3200AB8766 /* Project object */; } cfitsio-4.3.1/windumpexts.c0000644000225700000360000003135513472024437015215 0ustar cagordonlhea/* * winDumpExts.c -- * Author: Gordon Chaffee, Scott Stanton * * History: The real functionality of this file was written by * Matt Pietrek in 1993 in his pedump utility. I've * modified it to dump the externals in a bunch of object * files to create a .def file. * * 10/12/95 Modified by Scott Stanton to support Relocatable Object Module * Format files for Borland C++ 4.5. * * Notes: Visual C++ puts an underscore before each exported symbol. * This file removes them. I don't know if this is a problem * this other compilers. If _MSC_VER is defined, * the underscore is removed. If not, it isn't. To get a * full dump of an object file, use the -f option. This can * help determine the something that may be different with a * compiler other than Visual C++. *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * */ #include #include #include #include #ifdef _ALPHA_ #define e_magic_number IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ALPHA #else #define e_magic_number IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386 #endif /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * GetArgcArgv -- * * Break up a line into argc argv *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ int GetArgcArgv(char *s, char **argv) { int quote = 0; int argc = 0; char *bp; bp = s; while (1) { while (isspace(*bp)) { bp++; } if (*bp == '\n' || *bp == '\0') { *bp = '\0'; return argc; } if (*bp == '\"') { quote = 1; bp++; } argv[argc++] = bp; while (*bp != '\0') { if (quote) { if (*bp == '\"') { quote = 0; *bp = '\0'; bp++; break; } bp++; continue; } if (isspace(*bp)) { *bp = '\0'; bp++; break; } bp++; } } } /* * The names of the first group of possible symbol table storage classes */ char * SzStorageClass1[] = { "NULL","AUTOMATIC","EXTERNAL","STATIC","REGISTER","EXTERNAL_DEF","LABEL", "UNDEFINED_LABEL","MEMBER_OF_STRUCT","ARGUMENT","STRUCT_TAG", "MEMBER_OF_UNION","UNION_TAG","TYPE_DEFINITION","UNDEFINED_STATIC", "ENUM_TAG","MEMBER_OF_ENUM","REGISTER_PARAM","BIT_FIELD" }; /* * The names of the second group of possible symbol table storage classes */ char * SzStorageClass2[] = { "BLOCK","FUNCTION","END_OF_STRUCT","FILE","SECTION","WEAK_EXTERNAL" }; /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * GetSZStorageClass -- * * Given a symbol storage class value, return a descriptive * ASCII string *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ PSTR GetSZStorageClass(BYTE storageClass) { if ( storageClass <= IMAGE_SYM_CLASS_BIT_FIELD ) return SzStorageClass1[storageClass]; else if ( (storageClass >= IMAGE_SYM_CLASS_BLOCK) && (storageClass <= IMAGE_SYM_CLASS_WEAK_EXTERNAL) ) return SzStorageClass2[storageClass-IMAGE_SYM_CLASS_BLOCK]; else return "???"; } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * GetSectionName -- * * Used by DumpSymbolTable, it gives meaningful names to * the non-normal section number. * * Results: * A name is returned in buffer *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ void GetSectionName(WORD section, PSTR buffer, unsigned cbBuffer) { char tempbuffer[10]; switch ( (SHORT)section ) { case IMAGE_SYM_UNDEFINED: strcpy(tempbuffer, "UNDEF"); break; case IMAGE_SYM_ABSOLUTE: strcpy(tempbuffer, "ABS "); break; case IMAGE_SYM_DEBUG: strcpy(tempbuffer, "DEBUG"); break; default: wsprintf(tempbuffer, "%-5X", section); } strncpy(buffer, tempbuffer, cbBuffer-1); } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * DumpSymbolTable -- * * Dumps a COFF symbol table from an EXE or OBJ. We only use * it to dump tables from OBJs. *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ void DumpSymbolTable(PIMAGE_SYMBOL pSymbolTable, FILE *fout, unsigned cSymbols) { unsigned i; PSTR stringTable; char sectionName[10]; fprintf(fout, "Symbol Table - %X entries (* = auxillary symbol)\n", cSymbols); fprintf(fout, "Indx Name Value Section cAux Type Storage\n" "---- -------------------- -------- ---------- ----- ------- --------\n"); /* * The string table apparently starts right after the symbol table */ stringTable = (PSTR)&pSymbolTable[cSymbols]; for ( i=0; i < cSymbols; i++ ) { fprintf(fout, "%04X ", i); if ( pSymbolTable->N.Name.Short != 0 ) fprintf(fout, "%-20.8s", pSymbolTable->N.ShortName); else fprintf(fout, "%-20s", stringTable + pSymbolTable->N.Name.Long); fprintf(fout, " %08X", pSymbolTable->Value); GetSectionName(pSymbolTable->SectionNumber, sectionName, sizeof(sectionName)); fprintf(fout, " sect:%s aux:%X type:%02X st:%s\n", sectionName, pSymbolTable->NumberOfAuxSymbols, pSymbolTable->Type, GetSZStorageClass(pSymbolTable->StorageClass) ); #if 0 if ( pSymbolTable->NumberOfAuxSymbols ) DumpAuxSymbols(pSymbolTable); #endif /* * Take into account any aux symbols */ i += pSymbolTable->NumberOfAuxSymbols; pSymbolTable += pSymbolTable->NumberOfAuxSymbols; pSymbolTable++; } } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * DumpExternals -- * * Dumps a COFF symbol table from an EXE or OBJ. We only use * it to dump tables from OBJs. *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ void DumpExternals(PIMAGE_SYMBOL pSymbolTable, FILE *fout, unsigned cSymbols) { unsigned i; PSTR stringTable; char *s, *f; char symbol[1024]; /* * The string table apparently starts right after the symbol table */ stringTable = (PSTR)&pSymbolTable[cSymbols]; for ( i=0; i < cSymbols; i++ ) { if (pSymbolTable->SectionNumber > 0 && pSymbolTable->Type == 0x20) { if (pSymbolTable->StorageClass == IMAGE_SYM_CLASS_EXTERNAL) { if (pSymbolTable->N.Name.Short != 0) { strncpy(symbol, pSymbolTable->N.ShortName, 8); symbol[8] = 0; } else { s = stringTable + pSymbolTable->N.Name.Long; strncpy(symbol, s, 1023); symbol[1023]=0; } s = symbol; f = strchr(s, '@'); if (f) { *f = 0; } #if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_X86_) if (symbol[0] == '_') { s = &symbol[1]; } #endif if ((stricmp(s, "DllEntryPoint") != 0) && (stricmp(s, "DllMain") != 0)) { fprintf(fout, "\t%s\n", s); } } } /* * Take into account any aux symbols */ i += pSymbolTable->NumberOfAuxSymbols; pSymbolTable += pSymbolTable->NumberOfAuxSymbols; pSymbolTable++; } } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * DumpObjFile -- * * Dump an object file--either a full listing or just the exported * symbols. *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ void DumpObjFile(PIMAGE_FILE_HEADER pImageFileHeader, FILE *fout, int full) { PIMAGE_SYMBOL PCOFFSymbolTable; DWORD COFFSymbolCount; PCOFFSymbolTable = (PIMAGE_SYMBOL) ((DWORD)pImageFileHeader + pImageFileHeader->PointerToSymbolTable); COFFSymbolCount = pImageFileHeader->NumberOfSymbols; if (full) { DumpSymbolTable(PCOFFSymbolTable, fout, COFFSymbolCount); } else { DumpExternals(PCOFFSymbolTable, fout, COFFSymbolCount); } } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * SkipToNextRecord -- * * Skip over the current ROMF record and return the type of the * next record. *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ BYTE SkipToNextRecord(BYTE **ppBuffer) { int length; (*ppBuffer)++; /* Skip over the type.*/ length = *((WORD*)(*ppBuffer))++; /* Retrieve the length. */ *ppBuffer += length; /* Skip over the rest. */ return **ppBuffer; /* Return the type. */ } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * DumpROMFObjFile -- * * Dump a Relocatable Object Module Format file, displaying only * the exported symbols. *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ void DumpROMFObjFile(LPVOID pBuffer, FILE *fout) { BYTE type, length; char symbol[1024], *s; while (1) { type = SkipToNextRecord(&(BYTE*)pBuffer); if (type == 0x90) { /* PUBDEF */ if (((BYTE*)pBuffer)[4] != 0) { length = ((BYTE*)pBuffer)[5]; strncpy(symbol, ((char*)pBuffer) + 6, length); symbol[length] = '\0'; s = symbol; if ((stricmp(s, "DllEntryPoint") != 0) && (stricmp(s, "DllMain") != 0)) { if (s[0] == '_') { s++; fprintf(fout, "\t_%s\n\t%s=_%s\n", s, s, s); } else { fprintf(fout, "\t%s\n", s); } } } } else if (type == 0x8B || type == 0x8A) { /* MODEND */ break; } } } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * DumpFile -- * * Open up a file, memory map it, and call the appropriate * dumping routine *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ void DumpFile(LPSTR filename, FILE *fout, int full) { HANDLE hFile; HANDLE hFileMapping; LPVOID lpFileBase; PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER dosHeader; hFile = CreateFile(filename, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, 0); if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open file with CreateFile()\n"); return; } hFileMapping = CreateFileMapping(hFile, NULL, PAGE_READONLY, 0, 0, NULL); if (hFileMapping == 0) { CloseHandle(hFile); fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open file mapping with CreateFileMapping()\n"); return; } lpFileBase = MapViewOfFile(hFileMapping, FILE_MAP_READ, 0, 0, 0); if (lpFileBase == 0) { CloseHandle(hFileMapping); CloseHandle(hFile); fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't map view of file with MapViewOfFile()\n"); return; } dosHeader = (PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER)lpFileBase; if (dosHeader->e_magic == IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE) { #if 0 DumpExeFile( dosHeader ); #else fprintf(stderr, "File is an executable. I don't dump those.\n"); return; #endif } /* Does it look like a i386 COFF OBJ file??? */ else if ((dosHeader->e_magic == e_magic_number) && (dosHeader->e_sp == 0)) { /* * The two tests above aren't what they look like. They're * really checking for IMAGE_FILE_HEADER.Machine == i386 (0x14C) * and IMAGE_FILE_HEADER.SizeOfOptionalHeader == 0; */ DumpObjFile((PIMAGE_FILE_HEADER) lpFileBase, fout, full); } else if (*((BYTE *)lpFileBase) == 0x80) { /* * This file looks like it might be a ROMF file. */ DumpROMFObjFile(lpFileBase, fout); } else { printf("unrecognized file format\n"); } UnmapViewOfFile(lpFileBase); CloseHandle(hFileMapping); CloseHandle(hFile); } void main(int argc, char **argv) { char *fargv[1000]; char cmdline[10000]; int i, arg; FILE *fout; int pos; int full = 0; char *outfile = NULL; if (argc < 3) { Usage: fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s ?-o outfile? ?-f(ull)? ..\n", argv[0]); exit(1); } arg = 1; while (argv[arg][0] == '-') { if (strcmp(argv[arg], "--") == 0) { arg++; break; } else if (strcmp(argv[arg], "-f") == 0) { full = 1; } else if (strcmp(argv[arg], "-o") == 0) { arg++; if (arg == argc) { goto Usage; } outfile = argv[arg]; } arg++; } if (arg == argc) { goto Usage; } if (outfile) { fout = fopen(outfile, "w+"); if (fout == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open \'%s\' for writing:\n", argv[arg]); perror(""); exit(1); } } else { fout = stdout; } if (! full) { char *dllname = argv[arg]; arg++; if (arg == argc) { goto Usage; } fprintf(fout, "LIBRARY %s\n", dllname); fprintf(fout, "EXETYPE WINDOWS\n"); fprintf(fout, "CODE PRELOAD MOVEABLE DISCARDABLE\n"); fprintf(fout, "DATA PRELOAD MOVEABLE MULTIPLE\n\n"); fprintf(fout, "EXPORTS\n"); } for (; arg < argc; arg++) { if (argv[arg][0] == '@') { FILE *fargs = fopen(&argv[arg][1], "r"); if (fargs == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open \'%s\' for reading:\n", argv[arg]); perror(""); exit(1); } pos = 0; for (i = 0; i < arg; i++) { strncpy(&cmdline[pos], argv[i], 9999-pos); cmdline[9999]=0; pos += strlen(&cmdline[pos]) + 1; fargv[i] = argv[i]; } fgets(&cmdline[pos], sizeof(cmdline), fargs); fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", &cmdline[pos]); fclose(fargs); i += GetArgcArgv(&cmdline[pos], &fargv[i]); argc = i; argv = fargv; } DumpFile(argv[arg], fout, full); } exit(0); } cfitsio-4.3.1/histo.c0000644000225700000360000033676514456514035013772 0ustar cagordonlhea/* Globally defined histogram parameters */ #include #include #include #include #include "fitsio2.h" #include "eval_defs.h" typedef struct { /* Structure holding all the histogramming information */ union { /* the iterator work functions (ffwritehist, ffcalchist) */ char *b; /* need to do their job... passed via *userPointer. */ short *i; int *j; float *r; double *d; } hist; fitsfile *tblptr; int haxis, hcolnum[4], himagetype; long haxis1, haxis2, haxis3, haxis4; double amin1, amin2, amin3, amin4; double maxbin1, maxbin2, maxbin3, maxbin4; double binsize1, binsize2, binsize3, binsize4; long incr[5]; int wtrecip, wtcolnum; char *wtexpr; double weight; char *rowselector; char *rowselector_cur; long repeat; int startCols[5]; int numIterCols; iteratorCol *iterCols; ParseData *parsers; parseInfo *infos; } histType; /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffbinse(char *binspec, /* I - binning specification */ int *imagetype, /* O - image type, TINT or TSHORT */ int *histaxis, /* O - no. of axes in the histogram */ char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* column name for axis */ double *minin, /* minimum value for each axis */ double *maxin, /* maximum value for each axis */ double *binsizein, /* size of bins on each axis */ char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* keyword name for min */ char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* keyword name for max */ char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* keyword name for binsize */ double *wt, /* weighting factor */ char *wtname, /* keyword or column name for weight */ int *recip, /* the reciprocal of the weight? */ char ***exprs, /* returned with expressions (or 0) */ int *status) { /* Parse the extended input binning specification string, returning the binning parameters. Supports up to 4 dimensions. The binspec string has one of these forms: bin binsize - 2D histogram with binsize on each axis bin xcol - 1D histogram on column xcol bin (xcol, ycol) = binsize - 2D histogram with binsize on each axis bin x=min:max:size, y=min:max:size, z..., t... bin x=:max, y=::size bin x=size, y=min::size bin x(expr), y(expr)=min:max:size, ... most other reasonable combinations are supported. The (expr) is an optional expression that will be calculated on the fly instead of a table column name. The name is still used for the output pixel array metadata. If expr == 0, then expressions are forbidden. The caller does not expect expressions. If exprs is non-zero, then upon return an array of expressions is passed back to the caller. Storage may be allocated by this routine, If *exprs is non-zero upon return, the caller is responsible to free(*exprs). Upon return, the contains of exprs is, (*exprs)[0] = expression for column 1 (or 0 if none) (*exprs)[1] = expression for column 2 (or 0 if none) (*exprs)[2] = expression for column 3 (or 0 if none) (*exprs)[3] = expression for column 4 (or 0 if none) (*exprs)[4] = expression for weighting (or 0 if none) If the user specifies a column name and not an expression for bin axis i, then the corresponding (*exprs)[i] will be a null pointer. To be recognized as an expression, the weighting expression must be enclosed in parentheses. Expressions are never allowed using the bin (xcol,ycol) notation. */ int ii, slen, defaulttype; char *ptr, tmpname[FLEN_VALUE], *file_expr = NULL; double dummy; char *exprbeg[5] = {0}, *exprend[5] = {0}; int has_exprs = 0; if (exprs) (*exprs) = 0; /* initialized output */ if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* set the default values */ *histaxis = 2; *imagetype = TINT; defaulttype = 1; *wt = 1.; *recip = 0; *wtname = '\0'; /* set default values */ for (ii = 0; ii < 4; ii++) { *colname[ii] = '\0'; *minname[ii] = '\0'; *maxname[ii] = '\0'; *binname[ii] = '\0'; minin[ii] = DOUBLENULLVALUE; /* undefined values */ maxin[ii] = DOUBLENULLVALUE; binsizein[ii] = DOUBLENULLVALUE; } ptr = binspec + 3; /* skip over 'bin' */ if (*ptr == 'i' ) /* bini */ { *imagetype = TSHORT; defaulttype = 0; ptr++; } else if (*ptr == 'j' ) /* binj; same as default */ { defaulttype = 0; ptr ++; } else if (*ptr == 'r' ) /* binr */ { *imagetype = TFLOAT; defaulttype = 0; ptr ++; } else if (*ptr == 'd' ) /* bind */ { *imagetype = TDOUBLE; defaulttype = 0; ptr ++; } else if (*ptr == 'b' ) /* binb */ { *imagetype = TBYTE; defaulttype = 0; ptr ++; } if (*ptr == '\0') /* use all defaults for other parameters */ return(*status); else if (*ptr != ' ') /* must be at least one blank */ { ffpmsg("binning specification syntax error:"); ffpmsg(binspec); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } while (*ptr == ' ') /* skip over blanks */ ptr++; if (*ptr == '\0') /* no other parameters; use defaults */ return(*status); /* Check if need to import expression from a file */ if( *ptr=='@' ) { if( ffimport_file( ptr+1, &file_expr, status ) ) return(*status); ptr = file_expr; while (*ptr == ' ') ptr++; /* skip leading white space... again */ } if (*ptr == '(' ) { /* this must be the opening parenthesis around a list of column */ /* names, optionally followed by a '=' and the binning spec. */ for (ii = 0; ii < 4; ii++) { ptr++; /* skip over the '(', ',', or ' ') */ while (*ptr == ' ') /* skip over blanks */ ptr++; slen = strcspn(ptr, " ,)"); strncat(colname[ii], ptr, slen); /* copy 1st column name */ ptr += slen; while (*ptr == ' ') /* skip over blanks */ ptr++; if (*ptr == ')' ) /* end of the list of names */ { *histaxis = ii + 1; break; } } if (ii == 4) /* too many names in the list , or missing ')' */ { ffpmsg( "binning specification has too many column names or is missing closing ')':"); ffpmsg(binspec); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } ptr++; /* skip over the closing parenthesis */ while (*ptr == ' ') /* skip over blanks */ ptr++; if (*ptr == '\0') { if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); return(*status); /* parsed the entire string */ } else if (*ptr != '=') /* must be an equals sign now*/ { ffpmsg("illegal binning specification in URL:"); ffpmsg(" an equals sign '=' must follow the column names"); ffpmsg(binspec); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } ptr++; /* skip over the equals sign */ while (*ptr == ' ') /* skip over blanks */ ptr++; /* get the single range specification for all the columns */ /* Note that the extended syntax is not allowed here */ ffbinr(&ptr, tmpname, minin, maxin, binsizein, minname[0], maxname[0], binname[0], status); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("illegal binning specification in URL:"); ffpmsg(binspec); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); return(*status); } for (ii = 1; ii < *histaxis; ii++) { minin[ii] = minin[0]; maxin[ii] = maxin[0]; binsizein[ii] = binsizein[0]; strcpy(minname[ii], minname[0]); strcpy(maxname[ii], maxname[0]); strcpy(binname[ii], binname[0]); } while (*ptr == ' ') /* skip over blanks */ ptr++; if (*ptr == ';') goto getweight; /* a weighting factor is specified */ if (*ptr != '\0') /* must have reached end of string */ { ffpmsg("illegal syntax after binning range specification in URL:"); ffpmsg(binspec); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } return(*status); } /* end of case with list of column names in ( ) */ /* if we've reached this point, then the binning specification */ /* must be of the form: XCOL = min:max:binsize, YCOL = ... */ /* where the column name followed by '=' are optional. */ /* If the column name is not specified, then use the default name */ for (ii = 0; ii < 4; ii++) /* allow up to 4 histogram dimensions */ { exprbeg[ii] = exprend[ii] = 0; ffbinre(&ptr, colname[ii], &(exprbeg[ii]), &(exprend[ii]), &minin[ii], &maxin[ii], &binsizein[ii], minname[ii], maxname[ii], binname[ii], status); /* Check for expressions */ if (exprbeg[ii]) has_exprs = 1; if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("illegal syntax in binning range specification in URL:"); ffpmsg(binspec); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); return(*status); } if (*ptr == '\0' || *ptr == ';') break; /* reached the end of the string */ if (*ptr == ' ') { while (*ptr == ' ') /* skip over blanks */ ptr++; if (*ptr == '\0' || *ptr == ';') break; /* reached the end of the string */ if (*ptr == ',') ptr++; /* comma separates the next column specification */ } else if (*ptr == ',') { ptr++; /* comma separates the next column specification */ } else { ffpmsg("illegal characters following binning specification in URL:"); ffpmsg(binspec); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } } if (ii == 4) { /* there are yet more characters in the string */ ffpmsg("illegal binning specification in URL:"); ffpmsg("apparently greater than 4 histogram dimensions"); ffpmsg(binspec); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } else *histaxis = ii + 1; /* special case: if a single number was entered it should be */ /* interpreted as the binning factor for the default X and Y axes */ if (*histaxis == 1 && *colname[0] == '\0' && minin[0] == DOUBLENULLVALUE && maxin[0] == DOUBLENULLVALUE) { *histaxis = 2; binsizein[1] = binsizein[0]; } getweight: if (*ptr == ';') /* looks like a weighting factor is given */ { ptr++; while (*ptr == ' ') /* skip over blanks */ ptr++; *recip = 0; if (*ptr == '/') { *recip = 1; /* the reciprocal of the weight is entered */ ptr++; while (*ptr == ' ') /* skip over blanks */ ptr++; } /* parse the weight as though it were a binrange. */ /* either a column name or a numerical value will be returned */ exprbeg[4] = exprend[4] = 0; ffbinre(&ptr, wtname, &(exprbeg[4]), &(exprend[4]), &dummy, &dummy, wt, tmpname, tmpname, tmpname, status); if (exprbeg[4]) has_exprs = 1; if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("illegal binning weight specification in URL:"); ffpmsg(binspec); if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); return(*status); } /* creat a float datatype histogram by default, if weight */ /* factor is not = 1.0 */ if ( (defaulttype && *wt != 1.0) || (defaulttype && *wtname) || (defaulttype && exprbeg[4])) { *imagetype = TFLOAT; } } while (*ptr == ' ') /* skip over blanks */ ptr++; if (*ptr != '\0') /* should have reached the end of string */ { ffpmsg("illegal syntax after binning weight specification in URL:"); ffpmsg(binspec); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; } if( file_expr ) free( file_expr ); /* If we found expressions, this is where we accumulate them into something to be returned to the caller. The start and end of each expression will be found in exprbeg[] and exprend[], with the 5th entry being the weight expression if any */ if (has_exprs) { size_t nchars = 0; char *ptr; for (ii = 0; ii <= 4; ii++) { nchars += (exprend[ii] - exprbeg[ii]) + 1; /* null terminator */ } /* Allocate storage for 5 pointers plus the characters. Caller is responsible to free(*exprs) which will free both the 5-array and the character string data. */ ptr = malloc( sizeof(char *) * 5 + nchars * sizeof(char) ); if (!ptr) { ffpmsg("ffbinse: memory allocation failure"); return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } (*exprs) = (char **) ptr; /* Pointer array portion */ ptr = (char *) (&((*exprs)[5])); /* String portion starts after the pointer array */ for (ii = 0; ii <= 4; ii++) { (*exprs)[ii] = ptr; nchars = (exprend[ii]-exprbeg[ii]); strncpy(ptr, exprbeg[ii], nchars); ptr += nchars; ptr[0] = 0; /* Ensure null terminator */ ptr ++; /* Advance to next string position */ } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffbins(char *binspec, /* I - binning specification */ int *imagetype, /* O - image type, TINT or TSHORT */ int *histaxis, /* O - no. of axes in the histogram */ char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* column name for axis */ double *minin, /* minimum value for each axis */ double *maxin, /* maximum value for each axis */ double *binsizein, /* size of bins on each axis */ char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* keyword name for min */ char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* keyword name for max */ char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* keyword name for binsize */ double *wt, /* weighting factor */ char *wtname, /* keyword or column name for weight */ int *recip, /* the reciprocal of the weight? */ int *status) { /* Parse non-extended expression, but otherwise the same as ffbinse() */ return ffbinse(binspec, imagetype, histaxis, colname, minin, maxin, binsizein, minname, maxname, binname, wt, wtname, recip, 0, /* No exprs pointer */ status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffbinre(char **ptr, char *colname, char **exprbeg, char **exprend, double *minin, double *maxin, double *binsizein, char *minname, char *maxname, char *binname, int *status) /* Parse the input binning range specification string, returning the column name, histogram min and max values, and bin size. This is the "extended" binning syntax that allows for an expression of the form XCOL(expr). The expression must be enclosed in parentheses. The start and end of the expression are returned in *exprbeg and *exprend. If exprbeg and exprend are null pointers then the expression is forbidden. */ { int slen, isanumber=0; char *token=0; if (*status > 0) return(*status); slen = fits_get_token2(ptr, " ,=:;(", &token, &isanumber, status); /* get 1st token */ if ((*status) || (slen == 0 && (**ptr == '\0' || **ptr == ',' || **ptr == ';')) ) return(*status); /* a null range string */ if (!isanumber && **ptr != ':') { /* this looks like the column name */ /* Check for case where col name string is empty but '=' is still there (indicating a following specification string). Musn't enter this block as token would not have been allocated. */ if (token) { if (strlen(token) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("column name too long (ffbinr)"); free(token); return(*status=PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR); } if (token[0] == '#' && isdigit((int) token[1]) ) { /* omit the leading '#' in the column number */ strcpy(colname, token+1); } else strcpy(colname, token); free(token); token=0; } while (**ptr == ' ') /* skip over blanks */ (*ptr)++; /* An optional expression of the form XCOL(expr) is allowed here, but only if exprbeg and exprend are non-null */ if (**ptr == '(' && exprbeg && exprend) { *exprbeg = *ptr; if ((*exprend = fits_find_match_delim(*ptr+1,')')) == 0) { /* find ')' */ ffpmsg("bin expression syntax error (ffbinr)"); return(*status=PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR); } *ptr = *exprend; /* Advance pointer past delimeter */ } while (**ptr == ' ') (*ptr)++; /* skip over more possible blanks */ if (**ptr != '=') return(*status); /* reached the end */ (*ptr)++; /* skip over the = sign */ while (**ptr == ' ') /* skip over blanks */ (*ptr)++; /* get specification info */ slen = fits_get_token2(ptr, " ,:;", &token, &isanumber, status); if (*status) return(*status); } if (**ptr != ':') { /* This is the first token, and since it is not followed by a ':' this must be the binsize token. Or it could be empty. */ if (token) { if (!isanumber) { if (strlen(token) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("binname too long (ffbinr)"); free(token); return(*status=PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR); } strcpy(binname, token); } else *binsizein = strtod(token, NULL); free(token); } return(*status); /* reached the end */ } else { /* the token contains the min value */ if (slen) { if (!isanumber) { if (strlen(token) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("minname too long (ffbinr)"); free(token); return(*status=PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR); } strcpy(minname, token); } else *minin = strtod(token, NULL); free(token); token=0; } } (*ptr)++; /* skip the colon between the min and max values */ slen = fits_get_token2(ptr, " ,:;", &token, &isanumber, status); /* get token */ if (*status) return(*status); /* the token contains the max value */ if (slen) { if (!isanumber) { if (strlen(token) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("maxname too long (ffbinr)"); free(token); return(*status=PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR); } strcpy(maxname, token); } else *maxin = strtod(token, NULL); free(token); token=0; } if (**ptr != ':') { free(token); return(*status); /* reached the end; no binsize token */ } (*ptr)++; /* skip the colon between the max and binsize values */ slen = fits_get_token2(ptr, " ,:;", &token, &isanumber, status); /* get token */ if (*status) return(*status); /* the token contains the binsize value */ if (slen) { if (!isanumber) { if (strlen(token) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("binname too long (ffbinr)"); free(token); return(*status=PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR); } strcpy(binname, token); } else *binsizein = strtod(token, NULL); free(token); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffbinr(char **ptr, char *colname, double *minin, double *maxin, double *binsizein, char *minname, char *maxname, char *binname, int *status) /* Parse the input binning range specification string, returning the column name, histogram min and max values, and bin size. This is the non-extended version of the parser which disallows binning expressions. Only column names are allowed. */ { return ffbinre(ptr, colname, 0, 0, minin, maxin, binsizein, minname, maxname, binname, status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffhist2e(fitsfile **fptr, /* IO - pointer to table with X and Y cols; */ /* on output, points to histogram image */ char *outfile, /* I - name for the output histogram file */ int imagetype, /* I - datatype for image: TINT, TSHORT, etc */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the histogram image */ char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - column names */ char *colexpr[4], /* I - optionally, expression intead of colum */ double *minin, /* I - minimum histogram value, for each axis */ double *maxin, /* I - maximum histogram value, for each axis */ double *binsizein, /* I - bin size along each axis */ char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for min */ char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for max */ char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for binsize */ double weightin, /* I - binning weighting factor */ char wtcol[FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keyword or col for weight*/ char *wtexpr, /* I - optionally, weight expression */ int recip, /* I - use reciprocal of the weight? */ char *selectrow, /* I - optional array (length = no. of */ /* rows in the table). If the element is true */ /* then the corresponding row of the table will*/ /* be included in the histogram, otherwise the */ /* row will be skipped. Ingnored if *selectrow*/ /* is equal to NULL. */ int *status) { fitsfile *histptr; int bitpix, colnum[4], wtcolnum; long haxes[4]; double amin[4], amax[4], binsize[4], weight; int numIterCols = 0; int datatypes[4], wtdatatype = 0; long *repeat, wtrepeat = 0; char errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; long vectorRepeat; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (naxis > 4) { ffpmsg("histogram has more than 4 dimensions"); *status = BAD_DIMEN; goto cleanup; } /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if ((*fptr)->HDUposition != ((*fptr)->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(*fptr, ((*fptr)->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); if (imagetype == TBYTE) bitpix = BYTE_IMG; else if (imagetype == TSHORT) bitpix = SHORT_IMG; else if (imagetype == TINT) bitpix = LONG_IMG; else if (imagetype == TFLOAT) bitpix = FLOAT_IMG; else if (imagetype == TDOUBLE) bitpix = DOUBLE_IMG; else { *status = BAD_DATATYPE; goto cleanup; } /* Calculate the binning parameters: */ /* columm numbers, axes length, min values, max values, and binsizes. */ if (fits_calc_binningde( *fptr, naxis, colname, colexpr, minin, maxin, binsizein, minname, maxname, binname, colnum, datatypes, haxes, amin, amax, binsize, &vectorRepeat, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to determine binning parameters"); goto cleanup; } /* get the histogramming weighting factor, if any */ if (*wtcol) { /* first, look for a keyword with the weight value */ if (ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, wtcol, &weight, NULL, status) == 0) { /* Data type if keyword was found */ wtdatatype = TDOUBLE; wtrepeat = 1; } else { /* not a keyword, so look for column with this name */ *status = 0; /* get the column number in the table */ if (ffgcno(*fptr, CASEINSEN, wtcol, &wtcolnum, status) > 0) { ffpmsg( "keyword or column for histogram weights doesn't exist: "); ffpmsg(wtcol); goto cleanup; } /* get the datatype of the column */ fits_get_eqcoltype(*fptr, wtcolnum, &wtdatatype, &wtrepeat, NULL, status); weight = DOUBLENULLVALUE; } } else if (wtexpr && wtexpr[0]) /* A weighting expression - always TDOUBLE */ { /* Initialize the parser so that we can determine the datatype of the returned type as well as the vector dimensions. The parsers is kept allocated so we can assemble an iterator that uses it below. */ int naxis1; long int nelem, naxes[MAXDIMS]; ParseData lParse; ffiprs( *fptr, 0, wtexpr, MAXDIMS, &wtdatatype, &nelem, &naxis1, naxes, &lParse, status ); ffcprs( &lParse ); if (nelem < 0) nelem = 1; /* If it's a constant expression */ weight = DOUBLENULLVALUE; wtrepeat = nelem; wtdatatype = wtdatatype; } else { weight = (double) weightin; wtrepeat = vectorRepeat; wtdatatype = TDOUBLE; } /* Make sure weighting column is not an un-binnable data type */ if (wtdatatype < 0 || wtdatatype == TSTRING || wtdatatype == TBIT || wtdatatype == TLOGICAL) { ffpmsg("Invalid datatype for bin weighting factor"); *status = BAD_DATATYPE; goto cleanup; } /* And dimensions of weighting must agree with input column data */ if (wtrepeat != vectorRepeat) { ffpmsg("Vector dimensions of weighting do not agree with binning columns"); *status = BAD_DIMEN; goto cleanup; } if (weight <= 0. && weight != DOUBLENULLVALUE) { ffpmsg("Illegal histogramming weighting factor <= 0."); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; goto cleanup; } if (recip && weight != DOUBLENULLVALUE) { /* take reciprocal of weight */ weight = (double) (1.0 / weight); } /* size of histogram is now known, so create temp output file */ if (fits_create_file(&histptr, outfile, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to create temp output file for histogram"); goto cleanup; } /* create output FITS image HDU */ if (ffcrim(histptr, bitpix, naxis, haxes, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to create output histogram FITS image"); goto cleanup; } /* copy header keywords, converting pixel list WCS keywords to image WCS form */ if (fits_copy_pixlist2image(*fptr, histptr, 9, naxis, colnum, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to copy pixel list keywords to new histogram header"); goto cleanup; } /* if the table columns have no WCS keywords, then write default keywords */ fits_write_keys_histoe(*fptr, histptr, naxis, colnum, colname, colexpr, status); /* update the WCS keywords for the ref. pixel location, and pixel size */ fits_rebin_wcsd(histptr, naxis, amin, binsize, status); /* now compute the output image by binning the column values */ if (fits_make_histde(*fptr, histptr, datatypes, bitpix, naxis, haxes, colnum, colexpr, amin, amax, binsize, weight, wtcolnum, wtexpr, recip, selectrow, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to calculate new histogram values"); goto cleanup; } /* finally, close the original file and return ptr to the new image */ ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = histptr; cleanup: return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffhist2(fitsfile **fptr, /* IO - pointer to table with X and Y cols; */ /* on output, points to histogram image */ char *outfile, /* I - name for the output histogram file */ int imagetype, /* I - datatype for image: TINT, TSHORT, etc */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the histogram image */ char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - column names */ double *minin, /* I - minimum histogram value, for each axis */ double *maxin, /* I - maximum histogram value, for each axis */ double *binsizein, /* I - bin size along each axis */ char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for min */ char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for max */ char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for binsize */ double weightin, /* I - binning weighting factor */ char wtcol[FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keyword or col for weight*/ int recip, /* I - use reciprocal of the weight? */ char *selectrow, /* I - optional array (length = no. of */ /* rows in the table). If the element is true */ /* then the corresponding row of the table will*/ /* be included in the histogram, otherwise the */ /* row will be skipped. Ingnored if *selectrow*/ /* is equal to NULL. */ int *status) { /* Non-extended-syntax version of ffhist2e() */ return ffhist2e(fptr, outfile, imagetype, naxis, colname, 0, minin, maxin, binsizein, minname, maxname, binname, weightin, wtcol, 0, recip, selectrow, status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* ffhist3: same as ffhist2, but does not close the original file */ /* and/or replace the original file pointer */ fitsfile *ffhist3(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - ptr to table with X and Y cols*/ char *outfile, /* I - name for the output histogram file */ int imagetype, /* I - datatype for image: TINT, TSHORT, etc */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the histogram image */ char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - column names */ double *minin, /* I - minimum histogram value, for each axis */ double *maxin, /* I - maximum histogram value, for each axis */ double *binsizein, /* I - bin size along each axis */ char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for min */ char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for max */ char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for binsize */ double weightin, /* I - binning weighting factor */ char wtcol[FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keyword or col for weight*/ int recip, /* I - use reciprocal of the weight? */ char *selectrow, /* I - optional array (length = no. of */ /* rows in the table). If the element is true */ /* then the corresponding row of the table will*/ /* be included in the histogram, otherwise the */ /* row will be skipped. Ingnored if *selectrow*/ /* is equal to NULL. */ int *status) { fitsfile *histptr; int bitpix, colnum[4], wtcolnum; long haxes[4]; double amin[4], amax[4], binsize[4], weight; if (*status > 0) return(NULL); if (naxis > 4) { ffpmsg("histogram has more than 4 dimensions"); *status = BAD_DIMEN; return(NULL); } /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if ((fptr)->HDUposition != ((fptr)->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, ((fptr)->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); if (imagetype == TBYTE) bitpix = BYTE_IMG; else if (imagetype == TSHORT) bitpix = SHORT_IMG; else if (imagetype == TINT) bitpix = LONG_IMG; else if (imagetype == TFLOAT) bitpix = FLOAT_IMG; else if (imagetype == TDOUBLE) bitpix = DOUBLE_IMG; else{ *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(NULL); } /* Calculate the binning parameters: */ /* columm numbers, axes length, min values, max values, and binsizes. */ if (fits_calc_binningd( fptr, naxis, colname, minin, maxin, binsizein, minname, maxname, binname, colnum, haxes, amin, amax, binsize, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to determine binning parameters"); return(NULL); } /* get the histogramming weighting factor, if any */ if (*wtcol) { /* first, look for a keyword with the weight value */ if (fits_read_key(fptr, TDOUBLE, wtcol, &weight, NULL, status) ) { /* not a keyword, so look for column with this name */ *status = 0; /* get the column number in the table */ if (ffgcno(fptr, CASEINSEN, wtcol, &wtcolnum, status) > 0) { ffpmsg( "keyword or column for histogram weights doesn't exist: "); ffpmsg(wtcol); return(NULL); } weight = DOUBLENULLVALUE; } } else weight = (double) weightin; if (weight <= 0. && weight != DOUBLENULLVALUE) { ffpmsg("Illegal histogramming weighting factor <= 0."); *status = URL_PARSE_ERROR; return(NULL); } if (recip && weight != DOUBLENULLVALUE) /* take reciprocal of weight */ weight = (double) (1.0 / weight); /* size of histogram is now known, so create temp output file */ if (fits_create_file(&histptr, outfile, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to create temp output file for histogram"); return(NULL); } /* create output FITS image HDU */ if (ffcrim(histptr, bitpix, naxis, haxes, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to create output histogram FITS image"); return(NULL); } /* copy header keywords, converting pixel list WCS keywords to image WCS */ if (fits_copy_pixlist2image(fptr, histptr, 9, naxis, colnum, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to copy pixel list keywords to new histogram header"); return(NULL); } /* if the table columns have no WCS keywords, then write default keywords */ fits_write_keys_histo(fptr, histptr, naxis, colnum, status); /* update the WCS keywords for the ref. pixel location, and pixel size */ fits_rebin_wcsd(histptr, naxis, amin, binsize, status); /* now compute the output image by binning the column values */ if (fits_make_histd(fptr, histptr, bitpix, naxis, haxes, colnum, amin, amax, binsize, weight, wtcolnum, recip, selectrow, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to calculate new histogram values"); return(NULL); } return(histptr); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffhist(fitsfile **fptr, /* IO - pointer to table with X and Y cols; */ /* on output, points to histogram image */ char *outfile, /* I - name for the output histogram file */ int imagetype, /* I - datatype for image: TINT, TSHORT, etc */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the histogram image */ char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - column names */ double *minin, /* I - minimum histogram value, for each axis */ double *maxin, /* I - maximum histogram value, for each axis */ double *binsizein, /* I - bin size along each axis */ char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for min */ char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for max */ char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for binsize */ double weightin, /* I - binning weighting factor */ char wtcol[FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keyword or col for weight*/ int recip, /* I - use reciprocal of the weight? */ char *selectrow, /* I - optional array (length = no. of */ /* rows in the table). If the element is true */ /* then the corresponding row of the table will*/ /* be included in the histogram, otherwise the */ /* row will be skipped. Ingnored if *selectrow*/ /* is equal to NULL. */ int *status) { int ii, datatype, repeat, imin, imax, ibin, bitpix, tstatus, use_datamax = 0; long haxes[4]; fitsfile *histptr; char errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG], keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], card[FLEN_CARD]; tcolumn *colptr; iteratorCol imagepars[1]; int n_cols = 1, nkeys; long offset = 0; long n_per_loop = -1; /* force whole array to be passed at one time */ histType histData; /* Structure holding histogram info for iterator */ double amin[4], amax[4], binsize[4], maxbin[4]; double datamin = DOUBLENULLVALUE, datamax = DOUBLENULLVALUE; char svalue[FLEN_VALUE]; double dvalue; char cpref[4][FLEN_VALUE]; char *cptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (naxis > 4) { ffpmsg("histogram has more than 4 dimensions"); return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); } /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if ((*fptr)->HDUposition != ((*fptr)->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(*fptr, ((*fptr)->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); histData.tblptr = *fptr; histData.himagetype = imagetype; histData.haxis = naxis; histData.rowselector = selectrow; if (imagetype == TBYTE) bitpix = BYTE_IMG; else if (imagetype == TSHORT) bitpix = SHORT_IMG; else if (imagetype == TINT) bitpix = LONG_IMG; else if (imagetype == TFLOAT) bitpix = FLOAT_IMG; else if (imagetype == TDOUBLE) bitpix = DOUBLE_IMG; else return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); /* The CPREF keyword, if it exists, gives the preferred columns. */ /* Otherwise, assume "X", "Y", "Z", and "T" */ tstatus = 0; ffgky(*fptr, TSTRING, "CPREF", cpref[0], NULL, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) { /* Preferred column names are given; separate them */ cptr = cpref[0]; /* the first preferred axis... */ while (*cptr != ',' && *cptr != '\0') cptr++; if (*cptr != '\0') { *cptr = '\0'; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') cptr++; strcpy(cpref[1], cptr); cptr = cpref[1]; /* the second preferred axis... */ while (*cptr != ',' && *cptr != '\0') cptr++; if (*cptr != '\0') { *cptr = '\0'; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') cptr++; strcpy(cpref[2], cptr); cptr = cpref[2]; /* the third preferred axis... */ while (*cptr != ',' && *cptr != '\0') cptr++; if (*cptr != '\0') { *cptr = '\0'; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') cptr++; strcpy(cpref[3], cptr); } } } } for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { /* get the min, max, and binsize values from keywords, if specified */ if (*minname[ii]) { if (ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, minname[ii], &minin[ii], NULL, status) ) { ffpmsg("error reading histogramming minimum keyword"); ffpmsg(minname[ii]); return(*status); } } if (*maxname[ii]) { if (ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, maxname[ii], &maxin[ii], NULL, status) ) { ffpmsg("error reading histogramming maximum keyword"); ffpmsg(maxname[ii]); return(*status); } } if (*binname[ii]) { if (ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, binname[ii], &binsizein[ii], NULL, status) ) { ffpmsg("error reading histogramming binsize keyword"); ffpmsg(binname[ii]); return(*status); } } if (binsizein[ii] == 0.) { ffpmsg("error: histogram binsize = 0"); return(*status = ZERO_SCALE); } if (*colname[ii] == '\0') { strcpy(colname[ii], cpref[ii]); /* try using the preferred column */ if (*colname[ii] == '\0') { if (ii == 0) strcpy(colname[ii], "X"); else if (ii == 1) strcpy(colname[ii], "Y"); else if (ii == 2) strcpy(colname[ii], "Z"); else if (ii == 3) strcpy(colname[ii], "T"); } } /* get the column number in the table */ if (ffgcno(*fptr, CASEINSEN, colname[ii], histData.hcolnum+ii, status) > 0) { strcpy(errmsg, "column for histogram axis doesn't exist: "); strncat(errmsg, colname[ii], FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(errmsg)-1); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status); } colptr = ((*fptr)->Fptr)->tableptr; colptr += (histData.hcolnum[ii] - 1); repeat = (int) colptr->trepeat; /* vector repeat factor of the column */ if (repeat > 1) { strcpy(errmsg, "Can't bin a vector column: "); strncat(errmsg, colname[ii],FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(errmsg)-1); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); } /* get the datatype of the column */ fits_get_eqcoltype(*fptr, histData.hcolnum[ii], &datatype, NULL, NULL, status); if (datatype < 0 || datatype == TSTRING) { strcpy(errmsg, "Inappropriate datatype; can't bin this column: "); strncat(errmsg, colname[ii],FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(errmsg)-1); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); } /* use TLMINn and TLMAXn keyword values if min and max were not given */ /* else use actual data min and max if TLMINn and TLMAXn don't exist */ if (minin[ii] == DOUBLENULLVALUE) { ffkeyn("TLMIN", histData.hcolnum[ii], keyname, status); if (ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, amin+ii, NULL, status) > 0) { /* use actual data minimum value for the histogram minimum */ *status = 0; if (fits_get_col_minmax(*fptr, histData.hcolnum[ii], amin+ii, &datamax, status) > 0) { strcpy(errmsg, "Error calculating datamin and datamax for column: "); strncat(errmsg, colname[ii],FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(errmsg)-1); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status); } } } else { amin[ii] = (double) minin[ii]; } if (maxin[ii] == DOUBLENULLVALUE) { ffkeyn("TLMAX", histData.hcolnum[ii], keyname, status); if (ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &amax[ii], NULL, status) > 0) { *status = 0; if(datamax != DOUBLENULLVALUE) /* already computed max value */ { amax[ii] = datamax; } else { /* use actual data maximum value for the histogram maximum */ if (fits_get_col_minmax(*fptr, histData.hcolnum[ii], &datamin, &amax[ii], status) > 0) { strcpy(errmsg, "Error calculating datamin and datamax for column: "); strncat(errmsg, colname[ii],FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(errmsg)-1); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status); } } } use_datamax = 1; /* flag that the max was determined by the data values */ /* and not specifically set by the calling program */ } else { amax[ii] = (double) maxin[ii]; } /* use TDBINn keyword or else 1 if bin size is not given */ if (binsizein[ii] == DOUBLENULLVALUE) { tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TDBIN", histData.hcolnum[ii], keyname, &tstatus); if (ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, binsizein + ii, NULL, &tstatus) > 0) { /* make at least 10 bins */ binsizein[ii] = (amax[ii] - amin[ii]) / 10. ; if (binsizein[ii] > 1.) binsizein[ii] = 1.; /* use default bin size */ } } if ( (amin[ii] > amax[ii] && binsizein[ii] > 0. ) || (amin[ii] < amax[ii] && binsizein[ii] < 0. ) ) binsize[ii] = (double) -binsizein[ii]; /* reverse the sign of binsize */ else binsize[ii] = (double) binsizein[ii]; /* binsize has the correct sign */ ibin = (int) binsize[ii]; imin = (int) amin[ii]; imax = (int) amax[ii]; /* Determine the range and number of bins in the histogram. This */ /* depends on whether the input columns are integer or floats, so */ /* treat each case separately. */ if (datatype <= TLONG && (double) imin == amin[ii] && (double) imax == amax[ii] && (double) ibin == binsize[ii] ) { /* This is an integer column and integer limits were entered. */ /* Shift the lower and upper histogramming limits by 0.5, so that */ /* the values fall in the center of the bin, not on the edge. */ haxes[ii] = (imax - imin) / ibin + 1; /* last bin may only */ /* be partially full */ maxbin[ii] = (double) (haxes[ii] + 1.); /* add 1. instead of .5 to avoid roundoff */ if (amin[ii] < amax[ii]) { amin[ii] = (double) (amin[ii] - 0.5); amax[ii] = (double) (amax[ii] + 0.5); } else { amin[ii] = (double) (amin[ii] + 0.5); amax[ii] = (double) (amax[ii] - 0.5); } } else if (use_datamax) { /* Either the column datatype and/or the limits are floating point, */ /* and the histogram limits are being defined by the min and max */ /* values of the array. Add 1 to the number of histogram bins to */ /* make sure that pixels that are equal to the maximum or are */ /* in the last partial bin are included. */ maxbin[ii] = (amax[ii] - amin[ii]) / binsize[ii]; haxes[ii] = (long) (maxbin[ii] + 1); } else { /* float datatype column and/or limits, and the maximum value to */ /* include in the histogram is specified by the calling program. */ /* The lower limit is inclusive, but upper limit is exclusive */ maxbin[ii] = (amax[ii] - amin[ii]) / binsize[ii]; haxes[ii] = (long) maxbin[ii]; if (amin[ii] < amax[ii]) { if (amin[ii] + (haxes[ii] * binsize[ii]) < amax[ii]) haxes[ii]++; /* need to include another partial bin */ } else { if (amin[ii] + (haxes[ii] * binsize[ii]) > amax[ii]) haxes[ii]++; /* need to include another partial bin */ } } } /* get the histogramming weighting factor */ if (*wtcol) { /* first, look for a keyword with the weight value */ if (ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, wtcol, &histData.weight, NULL, status) ) { /* not a keyword, so look for column with this name */ *status = 0; /* get the column number in the table */ if (ffgcno(*fptr, CASEINSEN, wtcol, &histData.wtcolnum, status) > 0) { ffpmsg( "keyword or column for histogram weights doesn't exist: "); ffpmsg(wtcol); return(*status); } histData.weight = DOUBLENULLVALUE; } } else histData.weight = (double) weightin; if (histData.weight <= 0. && histData.weight != DOUBLENULLVALUE) { ffpmsg("Illegal histogramming weighting factor <= 0."); return(*status = URL_PARSE_ERROR); } if (recip && histData.weight != DOUBLENULLVALUE) /* take reciprocal of weight */ histData.weight = (double) (1.0 / histData.weight); histData.wtrecip = recip; /* size of histogram is now known, so create temp output file */ if (ffinit(&histptr, outfile, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to create temp output file for histogram"); return(*status); } if (ffcrim(histptr, bitpix, histData.haxis, haxes, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to create primary array histogram in temp file"); ffclos(histptr, status); return(*status); } /* copy all non-structural keywords from the table to the image */ fits_get_hdrspace(*fptr, &nkeys, NULL, status); for (ii = 1; ii <= nkeys; ii++) { fits_read_record(*fptr, ii, card, status); if (fits_get_keyclass(card) >= 120) fits_write_record(histptr, card, status); } /* Set global variables with histogram parameter values. */ /* Use separate scalar variables rather than arrays because */ /* it is more efficient when computing the histogram. */ histData.amin1 = amin[0]; histData.maxbin1 = maxbin[0]; histData.binsize1 = binsize[0]; histData.haxis1 = haxes[0]; if (histData.haxis > 1) { histData.amin2 = amin[1]; histData.maxbin2 = maxbin[1]; histData.binsize2 = binsize[1]; histData.haxis2 = haxes[1]; if (histData.haxis > 2) { histData.amin3 = amin[2]; histData.maxbin3 = maxbin[2]; histData.binsize3 = binsize[2]; histData.haxis3 = haxes[2]; if (histData.haxis > 3) { histData.amin4 = amin[3]; histData.maxbin4 = maxbin[3]; histData.binsize4 = binsize[3]; histData.haxis4 = haxes[3]; } } } /* define parameters of image for the iterator function */ fits_iter_set_file(imagepars, histptr); /* pointer to image */ fits_iter_set_datatype(imagepars, imagetype); /* image datatype */ fits_iter_set_iotype(imagepars, OutputCol); /* image is output */ /* call the iterator function to write out the histogram image */ if (fits_iterate_data(n_cols, imagepars, offset, n_per_loop, ffwritehisto, (void*)&histData, status) ) return(*status); /* write the World Coordinate System (WCS) keywords */ /* create default values if WCS keywords are not present in the table */ for (ii = 0; ii < histData.haxis; ii++) { /* CTYPEn */ tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TCTYP", histData.hcolnum[ii], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(*fptr, TSTRING, keyname, svalue, NULL, &tstatus); if (tstatus) { /* just use column name as the type */ tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TTYPE", histData.hcolnum[ii], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(*fptr, TSTRING, keyname, svalue, NULL, &tstatus); } if (!tstatus) { ffkeyn("CTYPE", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); ffpky(histptr, TSTRING, keyname, svalue, "Coordinate Type", &tstatus); } else tstatus = 0; /* CUNITn */ ffkeyn("TCUNI", histData.hcolnum[ii], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(*fptr, TSTRING, keyname, svalue, NULL, &tstatus); if (tstatus) { /* use the column units */ tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TUNIT", histData.hcolnum[ii], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(*fptr, TSTRING, keyname, svalue, NULL, &tstatus); } if (!tstatus) { ffkeyn("CUNIT", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); ffpky(histptr, TSTRING, keyname, svalue, "Coordinate Units", &tstatus); } else tstatus = 0; /* CRPIXn - Reference Pixel */ ffkeyn("TCRPX", histData.hcolnum[ii], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, NULL, &tstatus); if (tstatus) { dvalue = 1.0; /* choose first pixel in new image as ref. pix. */ tstatus = 0; } else { /* calculate locate of the ref. pix. in the new image */ dvalue = (dvalue - amin[ii]) / binsize[ii] + .5; } ffkeyn("CRPIX", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, "Reference Pixel", &tstatus); /* CRVALn - Value at the location of the reference pixel */ ffkeyn("TCRVL", histData.hcolnum[ii], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, NULL, &tstatus); if (tstatus) { /* calculate value at ref. pix. location (at center of 1st pixel) */ dvalue = amin[ii] + binsize[ii]/2.; tstatus = 0; } ffkeyn("CRVAL", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, "Reference Value", &tstatus); /* CDELTn - unit size of pixels */ ffkeyn("TCDLT", histData.hcolnum[ii], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, NULL, &tstatus); if (tstatus) { dvalue = 1.0; /* use default pixel size */ tstatus = 0; } dvalue = dvalue * binsize[ii]; ffkeyn("CDELT", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, "Pixel size", &tstatus); /* CROTAn - Rotation angle (degrees CCW) */ /* There should only be a CROTA2 keyword, and only for 2+ D images */ if (ii == 1) { ffkeyn("TCROT", histData.hcolnum[ii], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, NULL, &tstatus); if (!tstatus && dvalue != 0.) /* only write keyword if angle != 0 */ { ffkeyn("CROTA", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, "Rotation angle", &tstatus); } else { /* didn't find CROTA for the 2nd axis, so look for one */ /* on the first axis */ tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TCROT", histData.hcolnum[0], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, NULL, &tstatus); if (!tstatus && dvalue != 0.) /* only write keyword if angle != 0 */ { dvalue *= -1.; /* negate the value, because mirror image */ ffkeyn("CROTA", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, "Rotation angle", &tstatus); } } } } /* convert any TPn_k keywords to PCi_j; the value remains unchanged */ /* also convert any TCn_k to CDi_j; the value is modified by n binning size */ /* This is a bit of a kludge, and only works for 2D WCS */ if (histData.haxis == 2) { /* PC1_1 */ tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TP", histData.hcolnum[0], card, &tstatus); strcat(card,"_"); ffkeyn(card, histData.hcolnum[0], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, card, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, "PC1_1", &dvalue, card, &tstatus); tstatus = 0; keyname[1] = 'C'; ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, card, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) { dvalue *= binsize[0]; ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, "CD1_1", &dvalue, card, &tstatus); } /* PC1_2 */ tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TP", histData.hcolnum[0], card, &tstatus); strcat(card,"_"); ffkeyn(card, histData.hcolnum[1], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, card, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, "PC1_2", &dvalue, card, &tstatus); tstatus = 0; keyname[1] = 'C'; ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, card, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) { dvalue *= binsize[0]; ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, "CD1_2", &dvalue, card, &tstatus); } /* PC2_1 */ tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TP", histData.hcolnum[1], card, &tstatus); strcat(card,"_"); ffkeyn(card, histData.hcolnum[0], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, card, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, "PC2_1", &dvalue, card, &tstatus); tstatus = 0; keyname[1] = 'C'; ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, card, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) { dvalue *= binsize[1]; ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, "CD2_1", &dvalue, card, &tstatus); } /* PC2_2 */ tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TP", histData.hcolnum[1], card, &tstatus); strcat(card,"_"); ffkeyn(card, histData.hcolnum[1], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, card, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, "PC2_2", &dvalue, card, &tstatus); tstatus = 0; keyname[1] = 'C'; ffgky(*fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, card, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) { dvalue *= binsize[1]; ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, "CD2_2", &dvalue, card, &tstatus); } } /* finally, close the original file and return ptr to the new image */ ffclos(*fptr, status); *fptr = histptr; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Single-precision version */ int fits_calc_binning( fitsfile *fptr, /* IO - pointer to table to be binned ; */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes/columns in the binned image */ char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional column names */ double *minin, /* I - optional lower bound value for each axis */ double *maxin, /* I - optional upper bound value, for each axis */ double *binsizein, /* I - optional bin size along each axis */ char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for min */ char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for max */ char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for binsize */ /* The returned parameters for each axis of the n-dimensional histogram are */ int *colnum, /* O - column numbers, to be binned */ long *haxes, /* O - number of bins in each histogram axis */ float *amin, /* O - lower bound of the histogram axes */ float *amax, /* O - upper bound of the histogram axes */ float *binsize, /* O - width of histogram bins/pixels on each axis */ int *status) { double amind[4], amaxd[4], binsized[4]; fits_calc_binningd(fptr, naxis, colname, minin, maxin, binsizein, minname, maxname, binname, colnum, haxes, amind, amaxd, binsized, status); /* Copy double precision values into single precision */ if (*status == 0) { int i, naxis1 = 4; if (naxis < naxis1) naxis1 = naxis; for (i=0; i 0) return(*status); /* Initialize the number of iterator columns required */ if (repeat) (*repeat) = 0; if (naxis > 4) { ffpmsg("histograms with more than 4 dimensions are not supported"); return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); } /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if ((fptr)->HDUposition != ((fptr)->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, ((fptr)->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* ============================================================= */ /* The CPREF keyword, if it exists, gives the preferred columns. */ /* Otherwise, assume "X", "Y", "Z", and "T" */ *cpref[0] = '\0'; *cpref[1] = '\0'; *cpref[2] = '\0'; *cpref[3] = '\0'; tstatus = 0; ffgky(fptr, TSTRING, "CPREF", cpref[0], NULL, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) { /* Preferred column names are given; separate them */ cptr = cpref[0]; /* the first preferred axis... */ while (*cptr != ',' && *cptr != '\0') cptr++; if (*cptr != '\0') { *cptr = '\0'; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') cptr++; strcpy(cpref[1], cptr); cptr = cpref[1]; /* the second preferred axis... */ while (*cptr != ',' && *cptr != '\0') cptr++; if (*cptr != '\0') { *cptr = '\0'; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') cptr++; strcpy(cpref[2], cptr); cptr = cpref[2]; /* the third preferred axis... */ while (*cptr != ',' && *cptr != '\0') cptr++; if (*cptr != '\0') { *cptr = '\0'; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') cptr++; strcpy(cpref[3], cptr); } } } } /* ============================================================= */ /* Main Loop for calculating parameters for each column */ for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { /* =========================================================== */ /* Determine column Number, based on, in order of priority, 1 input column name, or 2 name given by CPREF keyword, or 3 assume X, Y, Z and T for the name */ if (*colname[ii] == '\0' && (colexpr == 0 || colexpr[ii] == 0 || colexpr[ii][0] == '\0')) { strcpy(colname[ii], cpref[ii]); /* try using the preferred column */ if (*colname[ii] == '\0') { if (ii == 0) strcpy(colname[ii], "X"); else if (ii == 1) strcpy(colname[ii], "Y"); else if (ii == 2) strcpy(colname[ii], "Z"); else if (ii == 3) strcpy(colname[ii], "T"); } } /* get the column number in the table */ colnum[ii] = 0; if (colexpr == 0 || colexpr[ii] == 0 || colexpr[ii][0] == '\0') { if (ffgcno(fptr, CASEINSEN, colname[ii], colnum+ii, status) > 0) { strcpy(errmsg, "column for histogram axis doesn't exist: "); strncat(errmsg, colname[ii],FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(errmsg)-1); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status); } /* ================================================================ */ /* check tha column is not a vector or a string */ /* get the datatype of the column */ fits_get_eqcoltype(fptr, colnum[ii], &datatype, &repeat1, NULL, status); ncols = 1; /* Require only one iterator column, the actual column */ } else { /* column expression: use parse to determine datatype and dimensions */ long nelem, naxes[MAXDIMS]; int naxis; ParseData lParse; /* Initialize the parser so that we can determine the datatype of the returned type as well as the vector dimensions */ if ( ffiprs( fptr, 0, colexpr[ii], MAXDIMS, &datatype, &nelem, &naxis, naxes, &lParse, status ) ) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Parser error of binning expression: %s", colexpr[ii]); ffpmsg(errmsg); return *status; } if (nelem < 0) nelem = 1; /* If it's a constant expression */ repeat1 = nelem; /* We require lParse.nCols columns to be read from input, plus one for the Temporary calculator result */ ncols = lParse.nCols + 1; ffcprs( &lParse ); } /* Not sure why this repeat limitation is here -- CM The iterator system can handle vector columns just fine ` */ if (datatype < 0 || datatype == TSTRING) { strcpy(errmsg, "Inappropriate datatype; can't bin this column: "); strncat(errmsg, colname[ii],FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(errmsg)-1); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); } /* Store repeat value for future use */ if (repeat) { if (ii == 0) { *repeat = repeat1; /* First time around save the repeat value */ } else if (*repeat != repeat1) { /* later dimensions, keep same dims */ strcpy(errmsg, "Vector repeat of input columns do not agree"); ffpmsg(errmsg); return (*status = BAD_DIMEN); } } if (datatypes) datatypes[ii] = datatype; /* ================================================================ */ /* get the minimum value */ datamin = DOUBLENULLVALUE; datamax = DOUBLENULLVALUE; if (*minname[ii]) { if (ffgky(fptr, TDOUBLE, minname[ii], &minin[ii], NULL, status) ) { ffpmsg("error reading histogramming minimum keyword"); ffpmsg(minname[ii]); return(*status); } } if (minin[ii] != DOUBLENULLVALUE) { amin[ii] = (double) minin[ii]; } else if (colexpr == 0 || colexpr[ii] == 0 || colexpr[ii][0] == '\0') { ffkeyn("TLMIN", colnum[ii], keyname, status); if (ffgky(fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, amin+ii, NULL, status) > 0) { /* use actual data minimum value for the histogram minimum */ *status = 0; if (fits_get_col_minmax(fptr, colnum[ii], amin+ii, &datamax, status) > 0) { strcpy(errmsg, "Error calculating datamin and datamax for column: "); strncat(errmsg, colname[ii],FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(errmsg)-1); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status); } } } else { /* it's an expression */ if (fits_get_expr_minmax(fptr, colexpr[ii], amin+ii, &datamax, 0, status) > 0) { strcpy(errmsg, "Error calculating datamin and datamax for expression: "); ffpmsg(errmsg); ffpmsg(colexpr[ii]); return(*status); } if (amin[ii] == DOUBLENULLVALUE) amin[ii] = 0.0; } /* ================================================================ */ /* get the maximum value */ if (*maxname[ii]) { if (ffgky(fptr, TDOUBLE, maxname[ii], &maxin[ii], NULL, status) ) { ffpmsg("error reading histogramming maximum keyword"); ffpmsg(maxname[ii]); return(*status); } } if (maxin[ii] != DOUBLENULLVALUE) { amax[ii] = (double) maxin[ii]; } else if (colexpr == 0 || colexpr[ii] == 0 || colexpr[ii][0] == '\0') { ffkeyn("TLMAX", colnum[ii], keyname, status); if (ffgky(fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &amax[ii], NULL, status) > 0) { *status = 0; if(datamax != DOUBLENULLVALUE) /* already computed max value */ { amax[ii] = datamax; } else { /* use actual data maximum value for the histogram maximum */ if (fits_get_col_minmax(fptr, colnum[ii], &datamin, &amax[ii], status) > 0) { strcpy(errmsg, "Error calculating datamin and datamax for column: "); strncat(errmsg, colname[ii],FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(errmsg)-1); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status); } } } use_datamax = 1; /* flag that the max was determined by the data values */ /* and not specifically set by the calling program */ } else { /* it's an expression */ if (fits_get_expr_minmax(fptr, colexpr[ii], &datamin, &amax[ii], 0, status) > 0) { strcpy(errmsg, "Error calculating datamin and datamax for expression: "); ffpmsg(errmsg); ffpmsg(colexpr[ii]); return(*status); } if (amax[ii] == DOUBLENULLVALUE) amin[ii] = 1.0; use_datamax = 1; } /* ================================================================ */ /* determine binning size and range */ if (*binname[ii]) { if (ffgky(fptr, TDOUBLE, binname[ii], &binsizein[ii], NULL, status) ) { ffpmsg("error reading histogramming binsize keyword"); ffpmsg(binname[ii]); return(*status); } } if (binsizein[ii] == 0.) { ffpmsg("error: histogram binsize = 0"); return(*status = ZERO_SCALE); } /* use TDBINn keyword or else 1 if bin size is not given */ if (binsizein[ii] != DOUBLENULLVALUE) { binsize[ii] = (double) binsizein[ii]; } else { tstatus = 0; if (colexpr == 0 || colexpr[ii] == 0 || colexpr[ii][0] == '\0') { ffkeyn("TDBIN", colnum[ii], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, binsizein + ii, NULL, &tstatus); } if (tstatus || colexpr && colexpr[ii] && colexpr[ii][0]) { /* make at least 10 bins */ binsize[ii] = (amax[ii] - amin[ii]) / 10.F ; if (binsize[ii] > 1.) binsize[ii] = 1.; /* use default bin size */ } } /* ================================================================ */ /* if the min is greater than the max, make the binsize negative */ if ( (amin[ii] > amax[ii] && binsize[ii] > 0. ) || (amin[ii] < amax[ii] && binsize[ii] < 0. ) ) binsize[ii] = -binsize[ii]; /* reverse the sign of binsize */ ibin = (int) binsize[ii]; imin = (int) amin[ii]; imax = (int) amax[ii]; /* Determine the range and number of bins in the histogram. This */ /* depends on whether the input columns are integer or floats, so */ /* treat each case separately. */ if (datatype <= TLONG && (double) imin == amin[ii] && (double) imax == amax[ii] && (double) ibin == binsize[ii] ) { /* This is an integer column and integer limits were entered. */ /* Shift the lower and upper histogramming limits by 0.5, so that */ /* the values fall in the center of the bin, not on the edge. */ haxes[ii] = (imax - imin) / ibin + 1; /* last bin may only */ /* be partially full */ if (amin[ii] < amax[ii]) { amin[ii] = (double) (amin[ii] - 0.5); amax[ii] = (double) (amax[ii] + 0.5); } else { amin[ii] = (double) (amin[ii] + 0.5); amax[ii] = (double) (amax[ii] - 0.5); } } else if (use_datamax) { /* Either the column datatype and/or the limits are floating point, */ /* and the histogram limits are being defined by the min and max */ /* values of the array. Add 1 to the number of histogram bins to */ /* make sure that pixels that are equal to the maximum or are */ /* in the last partial bin are included. */ haxes[ii] = (long) (((amax[ii] - amin[ii]) / binsize[ii]) + 1.); } else { /* float datatype column and/or limits, and the maximum value to */ /* include in the histogram is specified by the calling program. */ /* The lower limit is inclusive, but upper limit is exclusive */ haxes[ii] = (long) ((amax[ii] - amin[ii]) / binsize[ii]); if (amin[ii] < amax[ii]) { if (amin[ii] + (haxes[ii] * binsize[ii]) < amax[ii]) haxes[ii]++; /* need to include another partial bin */ } else { if (amin[ii] + (haxes[ii] * binsize[ii]) > amax[ii]) haxes[ii]++; /* need to include another partial bin */ } } } return(*status); } /* Double precision version, with non-extended syntax */ int fits_calc_binningd( fitsfile *fptr, /* IO - pointer to table to be binned ; */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes/columns in the binned image */ char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional column names */ double *minin, /* I - optional lower bound value for each axis */ double *maxin, /* I - optional upper bound value, for each axis */ double *binsizein, /* I - optional bin size along each axis */ char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for min */ char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for max */ char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for binsize */ /* The returned parameters for each axis of the n-dimensional histogram are */ int *colnum, /* O - column numbers, to be binned */ long *haxes, /* O - number of bins in each histogram axis */ double *amin, /* O - lower bound of the histogram axes */ double *amax, /* O - upper bound of the histogram axes */ double *binsize, /* O - width of histogram bins/pixels on each axis */ int *status) /* Calculate the actual binning parameters, non-extended-syntax version */ { return fits_calc_binningde(fptr, naxis, colname, 0, minin, maxin, binsizein, minname, maxname, binname, colnum, 0, haxes, amin, amax, binsize, 0, status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_write_keys_histoe( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - pointer to table to be binned */ fitsfile *histptr, /* I - pointer to output histogram image HDU */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the histogram image */ int *colnum, /* I - column numbers (array length = naxis) */ char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - if expression, then column name to use */ char *colexpr[4], /* I - if expression, then column name to use */ int *status) { /* Write default WCS keywords in the output histogram image header */ /* if the keywords do not already exist. */ int ii, tstatus; char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], svalue[FLEN_VALUE]; double dvalue; if (*status > 0) return(*status); for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { /* CTYPEn */ tstatus = 0; if (colexpr && colexpr[ii] && colexpr[ii][0] && colname[ii]) { /* Column expression: we need to put the column name from the binning expression */ ffkeyn("CTYPE", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); ffpky(histptr, TSTRING, keyname, colname[ii], "Coordinate Type", &tstatus); } else { /* Column name */ tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("CTYPE", ii+1, keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(histptr, TSTRING, keyname, svalue, NULL, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) continue; /* keyword already exists, so skip to next axis */ /* use column name as the axis name */ tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TTYPE", colnum[ii], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(fptr, TSTRING, keyname, svalue, NULL, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) { ffkeyn("CTYPE", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); ffpky(histptr, TSTRING, keyname, svalue, "Coordinate Type", &tstatus); } /* CUNITn, use the column units */ tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TUNIT", colnum[ii], keyname, &tstatus); ffgky(fptr, TSTRING, keyname, svalue, NULL, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) { ffkeyn("CUNIT", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); ffpky(histptr, TSTRING, keyname, svalue, "Coordinate Units", &tstatus); } } /* CRPIXn - Reference Pixel choose first pixel in new image as ref. pix. */ dvalue = 1.0; tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("CRPIX", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, "Reference Pixel", &tstatus); /* CRVALn - Value at the location of the reference pixel */ dvalue = 1.0; tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("CRVAL", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, "Reference Value", &tstatus); /* CDELTn - unit size of pixels */ dvalue = 1.0; tstatus = 0; dvalue = 1.; ffkeyn("CDELT", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); ffpky(histptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, "Pixel size", &tstatus); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_write_keys_histo( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - pointer to table to be binned */ fitsfile *histptr, /* I - pointer to output histogram image HDU */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the histogram image */ int *colnum, /* I - column numbers (array length = naxis) */ int *status) { return fits_write_keys_histoe(fptr, histptr, naxis, colnum, 0, 0, status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_rebin_wcs( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - pointer to table to be binned */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the histogram image */ float *amin, /* I - first pixel include in each axis */ float *binsize, /* I - binning factor for each axis */ int *status) { double amind[4], binsized[4]; /* Copy single precision values into double precision */ if (*status == 0) { int i, naxis1 = 4; if (naxis < naxis1) naxis1 = naxis; for (i=0; i 0) return(*status); for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { reset = 0; /* flag to reset the reference pixel */ tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("CRVAL", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); /* get previous (pre-binning) value */ ffgky(fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, NULL, &tstatus); if (!tstatus && dvalue == 1.0) { reset = 1; } tstatus = 0; /* CRPIXn - update location of the ref. pix. in the binned image */ ffkeyn("CRPIX", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); /* get previous (pre-binning) value */ ffgky(fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, NULL, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) { if (dvalue != 1.0) reset = 0; /* updated value to give pixel location after binning */ dvalue = (dvalue - amin[ii]) / ((double) binsize[ii]) + .5; fits_modify_key_dbl(fptr, keyname, dvalue, -14, NULL, &tstatus); } else { reset = 0; } /* CDELTn - update unit size of pixels */ tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("CDELT", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); /* get previous (pre-binning) value */ ffgky(fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, NULL, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) { if (dvalue != 1.0) reset = 0; /* updated to give post-binning value */ dvalue = dvalue * binsize[ii]; fits_modify_key_dbl(fptr, keyname, dvalue, -14, NULL, &tstatus); } else { /* no CDELTn keyword, so look for a CDij keywords */ reset = 0; for (jj = 0; jj < naxis; jj++) { tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("CD", jj + 1, svalue, &tstatus); strcat(svalue,"_"); ffkeyn(svalue, ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); /* get previous (pre-binning) value */ ffgky(fptr, TDOUBLE, keyname, &dvalue, NULL, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) { /* updated to give post-binning value */ dvalue = dvalue * binsize[ii]; fits_modify_key_dbl(fptr, keyname, dvalue, -14, NULL, &tstatus); } } } if (reset) { /* the original CRPIX, CRVAL, and CDELT keywords were all = 1.0 */ /* In this special case, reset the reference pixel to be the */ /* first pixel in the array (instead of possibly far off the array) */ dvalue = 1.0; ffkeyn("CRPIX", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); fits_modify_key_dbl(fptr, keyname, dvalue, -14, NULL, &tstatus); ffkeyn("CRVAL", ii + 1, keyname, &tstatus); dvalue = amin[ii] + (binsize[ii] / 2.0); fits_modify_key_dbl(fptr, keyname, dvalue, -14, NULL, &tstatus); } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Single-precision version */ int fits_make_hist(fitsfile *fptr, /* IO - pointer to table with X and Y cols; */ fitsfile *histptr, /* I - pointer to output FITS image */ int bitpix, /* I - datatype for image: 16, 32, -32, etc */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the histogram image */ long *naxes, /* I - size of axes in the histogram image */ int *colnum, /* I - column numbers (array length = naxis) */ float *amin, /* I - minimum histogram value, for each axis */ float *amax, /* I - maximum histogram value, for each axis */ float *binsize, /* I - bin size along each axis */ float weight, /* I - binning weighting factor */ int wtcolnum, /* I - optional keyword or col for weight*/ int recip, /* I - use reciprocal of the weight? */ char *selectrow, /* I - optional array (length = no. of */ /* rows in the table). If the element is true */ /* then the corresponding row of the table will*/ /* be included in the histogram, otherwise the */ /* row will be skipped. Ingnored if *selectrow*/ /* is equal to NULL. */ int *status) { double amind[4], amaxd[4], binsized[4], weightd; /* Copy single precision values into double precision */ if (*status == 0) { int i, naxis1 = 4; if (naxis < naxis1) naxis1 = naxis; for (i=0; i 0) return(*status); /* Make sure the parser information is initialized because we will use this to determine what needs to be deallocated at the end */ memset(infos, 0, sizeof(infos)); memset(parsers, 0, sizeof(parsers)); memset(&histData, 0, sizeof(histData)); if (naxis > 4) { ffpmsg("histogram has more than 4 dimensions"); return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); } if (bitpix == BYTE_IMG) imagetype = TBYTE; else if (bitpix == SHORT_IMG) imagetype = TSHORT; else if (bitpix == LONG_IMG) imagetype = TINT; else if (bitpix == FLOAT_IMG) imagetype = TFLOAT; else if (bitpix == DOUBLE_IMG) imagetype = TDOUBLE; else return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if ((fptr)->HDUposition != ((fptr)->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, ((fptr)->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* Resolve the conflict between wtexpr, wtcolnum, and weight */ if ( ((wtcolnum > 0) || (wtexpr && wtexpr[0])) && weight == 0 ) weight = DOUBLENULLVALUE; histData.weight = weight; histData.wtcolnum = wtcolnum; histData.wtexpr = wtexpr; histData.wtrecip = recip; histData.tblptr = fptr; histData.himagetype = imagetype; histData.haxis = naxis; histData.rowselector = selectrow; /* Now make iterator columns for input, as well as any calculated values */ numAllocCols = 5; iterCols = fits_recalloc(0, 0, numAllocCols, sizeof(iteratorCol)); if (!iterCols) { ffpmsg("memory allocation failure (fits_make_histde)"); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; goto cleanup; } /* We fill the iterCols in order, starting from column 1 through 4, and then moving on to the weighting column */ for (ii = 0; ii < 5; ii++) histData.startCols[ii] = -1; startCol = 0; /* Loop through each axis and recheck the binning parameters */ for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { long colrepeat = 0; int datatype; histData.startCols[ii] = startCol; taxes[ii] = (double) naxes[ii]; tmin[ii] = amin[ii]; tmax[ii] = amax[ii]; if ( (amin[ii] > amax[ii] && binsize[ii] > 0. ) || (amin[ii] < amax[ii] && binsize[ii] < 0. ) ) tbin[ii] = -binsize[ii]; /* reverse the sign of binsize */ else tbin[ii] = binsize[ii]; /* binsize has the correct sign */ imin = (long) tmin[ii]; imax = (long) tmax[ii]; ibin = (long) tbin[ii]; /* get the datatype of the column and repeat */ if (! (colexpr && colexpr[ii] && colexpr[ii][0]) ) { fits_get_eqcoltype(fptr, colnum[ii], &datatype, &colrepeat, NULL, status); } /* If caller specified datatype, use that */ if (datatypes && datatypes[ii]) { datatype = datatypes[ii]; } if (datatype <= TLONG && (double) imin == tmin[ii] && (double) imax == tmax[ii] && (double) ibin == tbin[ii] ) { /* This is an integer column and integer limits were entered. */ /* Shift the lower and upper histogramming limits by 0.5, so that */ /* the values fall in the center of the bin, not on the edge. */ maxbin[ii] = (taxes[ii] + 1.F); /* add 1. instead of .5 to avoid roundoff */ if (tmin[ii] < tmax[ii]) { tmin[ii] = tmin[ii] - 0.5F; tmax[ii] = tmax[ii] + 0.5F; } else { tmin[ii] = tmin[ii] + 0.5F; tmax[ii] = tmax[ii] - 0.5F; } } else { /* not an integer column with integer limits */ maxbin[ii] = (tmax[ii] - tmin[ii]) / tbin[ii]; } /* This is a column expression. Here is where we allocate the parser for it during the actual evaluation. */ if (colexpr && colexpr[ii] && colexpr[ii][0]) { int datatype, naxis1; long nelem, naxes[MAXDIMS]; int jj; /* Initialize the parser for this binning expression */ ffiprs( fptr, 0, colexpr[ii], MAXDIMS, &datatype, &nelem, &naxis1, naxes, &(parsers[ii]), status ); if (*status) goto cleanup; if (nelem < 0) nelem = 1; /* If it's a constant expression */ colrepeat = nelem; /* Set up the parser data for evaluation to a TemporaryCol */ fits_get_num_rows(fptr, &nrows, status); if (fits_parser_set_temporary_col(&(parsers[ii]), &(infos[ii]), nrows, (void *) &(double_nulval), status)) goto cleanup; /* Copy iterator columns from the parser to the master iterator columns */ iterCols = fits_recalloc(iterCols, numAllocCols, numAllocCols+parsers[ii].nCols, sizeof(iteratorCol)); if (!iterCols) { *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; goto cleanup; } numAllocCols += parsers[ii].nCols; for (jj = 0; jj < parsers[ii].nCols; jj++) iterCols[startCol++] = parsers[ii].colData[jj]; } else { /* Just a "regular" column name, we already have enough allocated for these */ fits_iter_set_by_num(&(iterCols[startCol]), fptr, colnum[ii], TDOUBLE, InputCol); startCol ++; } /* Check that all the vector dimensions agree */ if (repeat == 0) { repeat = colrepeat; } else { if (repeat != colrepeat) { ffpmsg("vector dimensions of binning values do not agree"); *status = BAD_DIMEN; goto cleanup; } } } /* End of loop over columns */ /* Now initialize the iterator column data for the weighting */ if (wtexpr && wtexpr[0] && weight == DOUBLENULLVALUE) { int wtdatatype, wtnaxis; long wtnaxes[MAXDIMS]; int jj; histData.startCols[4] = startCol; ffiprs( fptr, 0, wtexpr, MAXDIMS, &wtdatatype, &wtrepeat, &wtnaxis, wtnaxes, &(parsers[4]), status ); if (*status) goto cleanup; if (wtrepeat < 0) wtrepeat = 1; /* If it's a constant expression */ /* Set up the parser data for evaluation to a TemporaryCol */ /* It's a weighting expression, set that up and ... */ fits_get_num_rows(fptr, &nrows, status); if (fits_parser_set_temporary_col(&(parsers[4]), &(infos[4]), nrows, (void *) &(double_nulval), status)) goto cleanup; /* Copy iterator columns from the parser to the master iterator columns */ iterCols = fits_recalloc(iterCols, numAllocCols, numAllocCols+parsers[4].nCols, sizeof(iteratorCol)); if (!iterCols) { *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; goto cleanup; } numAllocCols += parsers[ii].nCols; for (jj = 0; jj < parsers[4].nCols; jj++) iterCols[startCol++] = parsers[4].colData[jj]; } else if (weight == DOUBLENULLVALUE) { int wtdatatype; /* It's a "regular" weighting column */ fits_get_eqcoltype(fptr, wtcolnum, &wtdatatype, &wtrepeat, NULL, status); histData.startCols[4] = startCol; fits_iter_set_by_num(&(iterCols[startCol]), fptr, wtcolnum, TDOUBLE, InputCol); startCol ++; } else { /* In case of explicit numerical value, we can just use that number in the vector expression, so the vector repeat of the weighting can be set to that of the input */ wtrepeat = repeat; } /* Vector dimension of weighting must agree with binning */ if (wtrepeat != 0 && repeat != 0 && wtrepeat != repeat) { ffpmsg("vector dimensions of weights do not agree with bins"); *status = BAD_DIMEN; goto cleanup; } /* We now know he number of iterator columns */ numIterCols = startCol; /* Fill in iterator information for the parser*/ histData.numIterCols = numIterCols; histData.iterCols = iterCols; histData.parsers = parsers; histData.infos = infos; histData.repeat = repeat; /* Set global variables with histogram parameter values. */ /* Use separate scalar variables rather than arrays because */ /* it is more efficient when computing the histogram. */ histData.hcolnum[0] = colnum[0]; histData.amin1 = tmin[0]; histData.maxbin1 = maxbin[0]; histData.binsize1 = tbin[0]; histData.haxis1 = (long) taxes[0]; histData.incr[0] = 1; if (histData.haxis > 1) { histData.hcolnum[1] = colnum[1]; histData.amin2 = tmin[1]; histData.maxbin2 = maxbin[1]; histData.binsize2 = tbin[1]; histData.haxis2 = (long) taxes[1]; histData.incr[1] = histData.incr[0] * histData.haxis1; if (histData.haxis > 2) { histData.hcolnum[2] = colnum[2]; histData.amin3 = tmin[2]; histData.maxbin3 = maxbin[2]; histData.binsize3 = tbin[2]; histData.haxis3 = (long) taxes[2]; histData.incr[2] = histData.incr[1] * histData.haxis2; if (histData.haxis > 3) { histData.hcolnum[3] = colnum[3]; histData.amin4 = tmin[3]; histData.maxbin4 = maxbin[3]; histData.binsize4 = tbin[3]; histData.haxis4 = (long) taxes[3]; histData.incr[3] = histData.incr[2] * histData.haxis3; } } } /* define parameters of image for the iterator function */ fits_iter_set_file(imagepars, histptr); /* pointer to image */ fits_iter_set_datatype(imagepars, imagetype); /* image datatype */ fits_iter_set_iotype(imagepars, OutputCol); /* image is output */ /* call the iterator function to write out the histogram image */ fits_iterate_data(n_cols, imagepars, offset, n_per_loop, ffwritehisto, (void*)&histData, status); cleanup: /* Free any allocated memory ... */ if (iterCols) free(iterCols); /* ... and parsers */ for (ii = 0; ii <= 4; ii ++) { if (parsers[ii].nCols > 0) ffcprs(&(parsers[ii])); } return(*status); } /* Double-precision version, non-extended syntax */ int fits_make_histd(fitsfile *fptr, /* IO - pointer to table with X and Y cols; */ fitsfile *histptr, /* I - pointer to output FITS image */ int bitpix, /* I - datatype for image: 16, 32, -32, etc */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the histogram image */ long *naxes, /* I - size of axes in the histogram image */ int *colnum, /* I - column numbers (array length = naxis) */ double *amin, /* I - minimum histogram value, for each axis */ double *amax, /* I - maximum histogram value, for each axis */ double *binsize, /* I - bin size along each axis */ double weight, /* I - binning weighting factor */ int wtcolnum, /* I - optional keyword or col for weight*/ int recip, /* I - use reciprocal of the weight? */ char *selectrow, /* I - optional array (length = no. of */ /* rows in the table). If the element is true */ /* then the corresponding row of the table will*/ /* be included in the histogram, otherwise the */ /* row will be skipped. Ingnored if *selectrow*/ /* is equal to NULL. */ int *status) { return fits_make_histde(fptr, histptr, 0, bitpix, naxis, naxes, colnum, 0, amin, amax, binsize, weight, wtcolnum, 0, recip, selectrow, status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_get_col_minmax(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, double *datamin, double *datamax, int *status) /* Simple utility routine to compute the min and max value in a column */ { int anynul; long nrows, ntodo, firstrow, ii; double array[1000], nulval; ffgky(fptr, TLONG, "NAXIS2", &nrows, NULL, status); /* no. of rows */ firstrow = 1; nulval = DOUBLENULLVALUE; *datamin = 9.0E36; *datamax = -9.0E36; while(nrows) { ntodo = minvalue(nrows, 100); ffgcv(fptr, TDOUBLE, colnum, firstrow, 1, ntodo, &nulval, array, &anynul, status); for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (array[ii] != nulval) { *datamin = minvalue(*datamin, array[ii]); *datamax = maxvalue(*datamax, array[ii]); } } nrows -= ntodo; firstrow += ntodo; } return(*status); } struct histo_minmax_workfn_struct { parseInfo *Info; double datamin, datamax; long ntotal, ngood; }; /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int histo_minmax_expr_workfn( long totalrows, /* I - Total rows to be processed */ long offset, /* I - Number of rows skipped at start*/ long firstrow, /* I - First row of this iteration */ long nrows, /* I - Number of rows in this iter */ int nCols, /* I - Number of columns in use */ iteratorCol *colData, /* IO- Column information/data */ void *userPtr ) /* I - Data handling instructions */ /* */ /* Iterator work function which evaluates a parser result and computes */ /* min max value */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ { int status = 0; long i; double *data; double nulval; struct histo_minmax_workfn_struct *wf = ((struct histo_minmax_workfn_struct *)userPtr); struct ParseStatusVariables *pv = &(wf->Info->parseVariables); iteratorCol *outcol = &(colData[nCols-1]); /* Call calculator work function. Result is put in final column of colData as a TemporaryCol */ status = fits_parser_workfn(totalrows, offset, firstrow, nrows, nCols, colData, (void *) wf->Info); /* The result of the calculation is in pv->Data, and null value in pv->Null */ data = (double *)(outcol->array); nulval = *((double *)(wf->Info->nullPtr)); for (i = 1; i<=(nrows*pv->repeat); i++ ) { /* Note that data[0] == 0 indicates no null values at all!!! */ if (data[0] == 0 || data[i] != nulval) { if (data[i] < wf->datamin || wf->datamin == DOUBLENULLVALUE) wf->datamin = data[i]; if (data[i] > wf->datamax || wf->datamax == DOUBLENULLVALUE) wf->datamax = data[i]; wf->ngood ++; } wf->ntotal ++; } return status; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_get_expr_minmax(fitsfile *fptr, char *expr, double *datamin, double *datamax, int *datatype, int *status) /* Simple utility routine to compute the min and max value in an expression */ { parseInfo Info; ParseData lParse; struct histo_minmax_workfn_struct minmaxWorkFn; int naxis, constant, typecode, newNullKwd=0; long nelem, naxes[MAXDIMS], repeat, width, nrows; int col_cnt, colNo; Node *result; char card[81], tform[16], nullKwd[9], tdimKwd[9]; double double_nulval = DOUBLENULLVALUE; if( *status ) return( *status ); memset(&minmaxWorkFn, 0, sizeof(minmaxWorkFn)); memset(&Info, 0, sizeof(Info)); memset(&lParse, 0, sizeof(lParse)); if (datatype) *datatype = 0; ffgky(fptr, TLONG, "NAXIS2", &nrows, NULL, status); /* no. of rows */ if( ffiprs( fptr, 0, expr, MAXDIMS, &Info.datatype, &nelem, &naxis, naxes, &lParse, status ) ) { ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } if (datatype) *datatype = Info.datatype; if( nelem<0 ) { /* Constant already computed */ result = lParse.Nodes + lParse.resultNode; switch( Info.datatype ) { case TDOUBLE: *datamin = *datamax = result->value.data.dbl; break; case TLONG: *datamin = *datamax = (double) result->value.data.lng; break; case TLOGICAL:*datamin = *datamax = (double) ((result->value.data.log == 1)?1:0); break; case TBIT: *datamin = *datamax = (double) ((result->value.data.str[0])?1:0); break; } ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } Info.parseData = &lParse; /* Add a temporary column which contains the expression value */ if ( fits_parser_set_temporary_col( &lParse, &Info, nrows, &double_nulval, status) ) { ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } /* Initialize the work function computing min/max */ minmaxWorkFn.Info = &Info; minmaxWorkFn.datamin = minmaxWorkFn.datamax = DOUBLENULLVALUE; minmaxWorkFn.ntotal = minmaxWorkFn.ngood = 0; if( ffiter( lParse.nCols, lParse.colData, 0, 0, histo_minmax_expr_workfn, (void*)&minmaxWorkFn, status ) == -1 ) *status = 0; /* -1 indicates exitted without error before end... OK */ if (datamin) *datamin = minmaxWorkFn.datamin; if (datamax) *datamax = minmaxWorkFn.datamax; ffcprs(&lParse); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffwritehisto(long totaln, long pixoffset, long firstn, long nvalues, int narrays, iteratorCol *imagepars, void *userPointer) /* Interator work function that writes out the histogram. The histogram values are calculated by another work function, ffcalchisto. This work function only gets called once, and totaln = nvalues. */ { iteratorCol *colpars; int ii, status = 0, ncols; long rows_per_loop = 0, offset = 0; histType *histData; histData = (histType *)userPointer; /* store pointer to the histogram array, and initialize to zero */ switch( histData->himagetype ) { case TBYTE: histData->hist.b = (char * ) fits_iter_get_array(imagepars); break; case TSHORT: histData->hist.i = (short * ) fits_iter_get_array(imagepars); break; case TINT: histData->hist.j = (int * ) fits_iter_get_array(imagepars); break; case TFLOAT: histData->hist.r = (float * ) fits_iter_get_array(imagepars); break; case TDOUBLE: histData->hist.d = (double *) fits_iter_get_array(imagepars); break; } /* call iterator function to calc the histogram pixel values */ /* must lock this call in multithreaded environoments because */ /* the ffcalchist work routine uses static vaiables that would */ /* get clobbered if multiple threads were running at the same time */ fits_iterate_data(histData->numIterCols, histData->iterCols, offset, rows_per_loop, ffcalchist, (void*)histData, &status); return(status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffcalchist(long totalrows, long offset, long firstrow, long nrows, int ncols, iteratorCol *colpars, void *userPointer) /* Interator work function that calculates values for the 2D histogram. */ { long ii, ipix, iaxisbin; double pix, axisbin; char *rowselect; histType *histData = (histType*)userPointer; double *colptr[MAXDIMS] = {0}; int status = 0; long irow; if (firstrow == 1) { histData->rowselector_cur = histData->rowselector; } rowselect = histData->rowselector_cur; for (ii=0; ii<=4; ii++) { int startCol = histData->startCols[ii]; iteratorCol *outcol = 0; /* Call calculator work function. Result is put in final column of colData as a TemporaryCol */ colptr[ii] = 0; /* Do not process unspecified axes (but do process weight column) */ if ( (ii >= histData->haxis && ii != 4) || histData->startCols[ii] < 0) continue; /* We have a parser for this, evaluate it */ if (histData->parsers[ii].nCols > 0) { struct ParseStatusVariables *pv = &(histData->infos[ii].parseVariables); iteratorCol *colData = &(histData->iterCols[startCol]); int nCols = histData->parsers[ii].nCols; status = fits_parser_workfn(totalrows, offset, firstrow, nrows, nCols, colData, (void *) &(histData->infos[ii])); if (status) return status; /* Output column is last iterator column, which better be a TemporaryCol */ outcol = &(colData[nCols-1]); } else { outcol = &(histData->iterCols[startCol]); } if (outcol) { /* Note that the 0th array element returned by the iterator is actually the null value! This is actually rather a big undocumented "feature" of the iterator. However, "ii" below starts at a value of 1 which skips over the null value */ colptr[ii] = ((double *) fits_iter_get_array(outcol)); } } /* Main loop over rows */ /* irow = row counter (1 .. nrows) */ /* elem = counter of element (1 .. histData->repeat) for each row */ /* ii = counts up from 1 (see note below) used to index colptr[]'s */ /* Note that ii starts at 1 because position [0] in the column data arrays is for the "null" value! */ for (ii = 1, irow = 1; irow <= nrows; irow++) { long elem; if (rowselect) { /* if a row selector array is supplied... */ if (*rowselect) { rowselect++; /* this row is included in the histogram */ } else { rowselect++; /* this row is excluded from the histogram */ ii += histData->repeat; /* skip this portion of data */ continue; } } /* Loop over elements in each row, increment ii after each element */ for (elem = 1; elem <= histData->repeat; elem++, ii++) { if (colptr[0][ii] == DOUBLENULLVALUE) /* test for null value */ continue; if (colptr[4] && colptr[4][ii] == DOUBLENULLVALUE) /* and null weight */ continue; pix = (colptr[0][ii] - histData->amin1) / histData->binsize1; ipix = (long) (pix + 1.); /* add 1 because the 1st pixel is the null value */ /* test if bin is within range */ if (ipix < 1 || ipix > histData->haxis1 || pix > histData->maxbin1) continue; if (histData->haxis > 1) { if (colptr[1][ii] == DOUBLENULLVALUE) continue; axisbin = (colptr[1][ii] - histData->amin2) / histData->binsize2; iaxisbin = (long) axisbin; if (axisbin < 0. || iaxisbin >= histData->haxis2 || axisbin > histData->maxbin2) continue; ipix += (iaxisbin * histData->incr[1]); if (histData->haxis > 2) { if (colptr[2][ii] == DOUBLENULLVALUE) continue; axisbin = (colptr[2][ii] - histData->amin3) / histData->binsize3; iaxisbin = (long) axisbin; if (axisbin < 0. || iaxisbin >= histData->haxis3 || axisbin > histData->maxbin3) continue; ipix += (iaxisbin * histData->incr[2]); if (histData->haxis > 3) { if (colptr[3][ii] == DOUBLENULLVALUE) continue; axisbin = (colptr[3][ii] - histData->amin4) / histData->binsize4; iaxisbin = (long) axisbin; if (axisbin < 0. || iaxisbin >= histData->haxis4 || axisbin > histData->maxbin4) continue; ipix += (iaxisbin * histData->incr[3]); } /* end of haxis > 3 case */ } /* end of haxis > 2 case */ } /* end of haxis > 1 case */ /* increment the histogram pixel */ if (histData->weight != DOUBLENULLVALUE) /* constant weight factor */ { /* Note that if wtrecip == 1, the reciprocal was precomputed above */ if (histData->himagetype == TINT) histData->hist.j[ipix] += (int) histData->weight; else if (histData->himagetype == TSHORT) histData->hist.i[ipix] += (short) histData->weight; else if (histData->himagetype == TFLOAT) histData->hist.r[ipix] += histData->weight; else if (histData->himagetype == TDOUBLE) histData->hist.d[ipix] += histData->weight; else if (histData->himagetype == TBYTE) histData->hist.b[ipix] += (char) histData->weight; } else if (histData->wtrecip) /* use reciprocal of the weight */ { if (histData->himagetype == TINT) histData->hist.j[ipix] += (int) (1./colptr[4][ii]); else if (histData->himagetype == TSHORT) histData->hist.i[ipix] += (short) (1./colptr[4][ii]); else if (histData->himagetype == TFLOAT) histData->hist.r[ipix] += (float) (1./colptr[4][ii]); else if (histData->himagetype == TDOUBLE) histData->hist.d[ipix] += 1./colptr[4][ii]; else if (histData->himagetype == TBYTE) histData->hist.b[ipix] += (char) (1./colptr[4][ii]); } else /* no weights */ { if (histData->himagetype == TINT) histData->hist.j[ipix] += (int) colptr[4][ii]; else if (histData->himagetype == TSHORT) histData->hist.i[ipix] += (short) colptr[4][ii]; else if (histData->himagetype == TFLOAT) histData->hist.r[ipix] += colptr[4][ii]; else if (histData->himagetype == TDOUBLE) histData->hist.d[ipix] += colptr[4][ii]; else if (histData->himagetype == TBYTE) histData->hist.b[ipix] += (char) colptr[4][ii]; } } /* end of loop over elements per row */ } /* end of main loop over all rows */ histData->rowselector_cur = rowselect; /* Save row pointer for next go-round */ return(status); } cfitsio-4.3.1/longnam.h0000644000225700000360000005273014456514035014267 0ustar cagordonlhea#ifndef _LONGNAME_H #define _LONGNAME_H #define fits_parse_input_url ffiurl #define fits_parse_input_filename ffifile #define fits_parse_rootname ffrtnm #define fits_file_exists ffexist #define fits_parse_output_url ffourl #define fits_parse_extspec ffexts #define fits_parse_extnum ffextn #define fits_parse_binspec ffbins #define fits_parse_binrange ffbinr #define fits_parse_range ffrwrg #define fits_parse_rangell ffrwrgll #define fits_open_memfile ffomem /* use the following special macro to test that the fitsio.h include file that was used to build the CFITSIO library is compatible with the version as included when compiling the application program */ #define fits_open_file(A, B, C, D) ffopentest( CFITSIO_SONAME, A, B, C, D) #define fits_open_data ffdopn #define fits_open_extlist ffeopn #define fits_open_table fftopn #define fits_open_image ffiopn #define fits_open_diskfile ffdkopn #define fits_reopen_file ffreopen #define fits_create_file ffinit #define fits_create_diskfile ffdkinit #define fits_create_memfile ffimem #define fits_create_template fftplt #define fits_flush_file ffflus #define fits_flush_buffer ffflsh #define fits_close_file ffclos #define fits_delete_file ffdelt #define fits_file_name ffflnm #define fits_file_mode ffflmd #define fits_url_type ffurlt #define fits_get_version ffvers #define fits_uppercase ffupch #define fits_get_errstatus ffgerr #define fits_write_errmsg ffpmsg #define fits_write_errmark ffpmrk #define fits_read_errmsg ffgmsg #define fits_clear_errmsg ffcmsg #define fits_clear_errmark ffcmrk #define fits_report_error ffrprt #define fits_compare_str ffcmps #define fits_test_keyword fftkey #define fits_test_record fftrec #define fits_null_check ffnchk #define fits_make_keyn ffkeyn #define fits_make_nkey ffnkey #define fits_make_key ffmkky #define fits_get_keyclass ffgkcl #define fits_get_keytype ffdtyp #define fits_get_inttype ffinttyp #define fits_parse_value ffpsvc #define fits_get_keyname ffgknm #define fits_parse_template ffgthd #define fits_ascii_tform ffasfm #define fits_binary_tform ffbnfm #define fits_binary_tformll ffbnfmll #define fits_get_tbcol ffgabc #define fits_get_rowsize ffgrsz #define fits_get_col_display_width ffgcdw #define fits_write_record ffprec #define fits_write_key ffpky #define fits_write_key_unit ffpunt #define fits_write_comment ffpcom #define fits_write_history ffphis #define fits_write_date ffpdat #define fits_get_system_time ffgstm #define fits_get_system_date ffgsdt #define fits_date2str ffdt2s #define fits_time2str fftm2s #define fits_str2date ffs2dt #define fits_str2time ffs2tm #define fits_write_key_longstr ffpkls #define fits_write_key_longwarn ffplsw #define fits_write_key_null ffpkyu #define fits_write_key_str ffpkys #define fits_write_key_log ffpkyl #define fits_write_key_lng ffpkyj #define fits_write_key_ulng ffpkyuj #define fits_write_key_fixflt ffpkyf #define fits_write_key_flt ffpkye #define fits_write_key_fixdbl ffpkyg #define fits_write_key_dbl ffpkyd #define fits_write_key_fixcmp ffpkfc #define fits_write_key_cmp ffpkyc #define fits_write_key_fixdblcmp ffpkfm #define fits_write_key_dblcmp ffpkym #define fits_write_key_triple ffpkyt #define fits_write_tdim ffptdm #define fits_write_tdimll ffptdmll #define fits_write_keys_str ffpkns #define fits_write_keys_log ffpknl #define fits_write_keys_lng ffpknj #define fits_write_keys_fixflt ffpknf #define fits_write_keys_flt ffpkne #define fits_write_keys_fixdbl ffpkng #define fits_write_keys_dbl ffpknd #define fits_copy_key ffcpky #define fits_write_imghdr ffphps #define fits_write_imghdrll ffphpsll #define fits_write_grphdr ffphpr #define fits_write_grphdrll ffphprll #define fits_write_atblhdr ffphtb #define fits_write_btblhdr ffphbn #define fits_write_exthdr ffphext #define fits_write_key_template ffpktp #define fits_get_hdrspace ffghsp #define fits_get_hdrpos ffghps #define fits_movabs_key ffmaky #define fits_movrel_key ffmrky #define fits_find_nextkey ffgnxk #define fits_read_record ffgrec #define fits_read_card ffgcrd #define fits_read_str ffgstr #define fits_read_key_unit ffgunt #define fits_read_keyn ffgkyn #define fits_read_key ffgky #define fits_read_keyword ffgkey #define fits_read_key_str ffgkys #define fits_read_key_log ffgkyl #define fits_read_key_lng ffgkyj #define fits_read_key_lnglng ffgkyjj #define fits_read_key_ulnglng ffgkyujj #define fits_read_key_flt ffgkye #define fits_read_key_dbl ffgkyd #define fits_read_key_cmp ffgkyc #define fits_read_key_dblcmp ffgkym #define fits_read_key_triple ffgkyt #define fits_get_key_strlen ffgksl #define fits_get_key_com_strlen ffgkcsl #define fits_read_key_longstr ffgkls #define fits_read_string_key ffgsky #define fits_read_string_key_com ffgskyc #define fits_free_memory fffree #define fits_read_tdim ffgtdm #define fits_read_tdimll ffgtdmll #define fits_decode_tdim ffdtdm #define fits_decode_tdimll ffdtdmll #define fits_read_keys_str ffgkns #define fits_read_keys_log ffgknl #define fits_read_keys_lng ffgknj #define fits_read_keys_lnglng ffgknjj #define fits_read_keys_flt ffgkne #define fits_read_keys_dbl ffgknd #define fits_read_imghdr ffghpr #define fits_read_imghdrll ffghprll #define fits_read_atblhdr ffghtb #define fits_read_btblhdr ffghbn #define fits_read_atblhdrll ffghtbll #define fits_read_btblhdrll ffghbnll #define fits_hdr2str ffhdr2str #define fits_convert_hdr2str ffcnvthdr2str #define fits_update_card ffucrd #define fits_update_key ffuky #define fits_update_key_null ffukyu #define fits_update_key_str ffukys #define fits_update_key_longstr ffukls #define fits_update_key_log ffukyl #define fits_update_key_lng ffukyj #define fits_update_key_fixflt ffukyf #define fits_update_key_flt ffukye #define fits_update_key_fixdbl ffukyg #define fits_update_key_dbl ffukyd #define fits_update_key_fixcmp ffukfc #define fits_update_key_cmp ffukyc #define fits_update_key_fixdblcmp ffukfm #define fits_update_key_dblcmp ffukym #define fits_modify_record ffmrec #define fits_modify_card ffmcrd #define fits_modify_name ffmnam #define fits_modify_comment ffmcom #define fits_modify_key_null ffmkyu #define fits_modify_key_str ffmkys #define fits_modify_key_longstr ffmkls #define fits_modify_key_log ffmkyl #define fits_modify_key_lng ffmkyj #define fits_modify_key_fixflt ffmkyf #define fits_modify_key_flt ffmkye #define fits_modify_key_fixdbl ffmkyg #define fits_modify_key_dbl ffmkyd #define fits_modify_key_fixcmp ffmkfc #define fits_modify_key_cmp ffmkyc #define fits_modify_key_fixdblcmp ffmkfm #define fits_modify_key_dblcmp ffmkym #define fits_insert_record ffirec #define fits_insert_card ffikey #define fits_insert_key_null ffikyu #define fits_insert_key_str ffikys #define fits_insert_key_longstr ffikls #define fits_insert_key_log ffikyl #define fits_insert_key_lng ffikyj #define fits_insert_key_fixflt ffikyf #define fits_insert_key_flt ffikye #define fits_insert_key_fixdbl ffikyg #define fits_insert_key_dbl ffikyd #define fits_insert_key_fixcmp ffikfc #define fits_insert_key_cmp ffikyc #define fits_insert_key_fixdblcmp ffikfm #define fits_insert_key_dblcmp ffikym #define fits_delete_key ffdkey #define fits_delete_str ffdstr #define fits_delete_record ffdrec #define fits_get_hdu_num ffghdn #define fits_get_hdu_type ffghdt #define fits_get_hduaddr ffghad #define fits_get_hduaddrll ffghadll #define fits_get_hduoff ffghof #define fits_get_img_param ffgipr #define fits_get_img_paramll ffgiprll #define fits_get_img_type ffgidt #define fits_get_img_equivtype ffgiet #define fits_get_img_dim ffgidm #define fits_get_img_size ffgisz #define fits_get_img_sizell ffgiszll #define fits_movabs_hdu ffmahd #define fits_movrel_hdu ffmrhd #define fits_movnam_hdu ffmnhd #define fits_get_num_hdus ffthdu #define fits_create_img ffcrim #define fits_create_imgll ffcrimll #define fits_create_tbl ffcrtb #define fits_create_hdu ffcrhd #define fits_insert_img ffiimg #define fits_insert_imgll ffiimgll #define fits_insert_atbl ffitab #define fits_insert_btbl ffibin #define fits_resize_img ffrsim #define fits_resize_imgll ffrsimll #define fits_delete_hdu ffdhdu #define fits_copy_hdu ffcopy #define fits_copy_file ffcpfl #define fits_copy_header ffcphd #define fits_copy_hdutab ffcpht #define fits_copy_data ffcpdt #define fits_write_hdu ffwrhdu #define fits_set_hdustruc ffrdef #define fits_set_hdrsize ffhdef #define fits_write_theap ffpthp #define fits_encode_chksum ffesum #define fits_decode_chksum ffdsum #define fits_write_chksum ffpcks #define fits_update_chksum ffupck #define fits_verify_chksum ffvcks #define fits_get_chksum ffgcks #define fits_set_bscale ffpscl #define fits_set_tscale fftscl #define fits_set_imgnull ffpnul #define fits_set_btblnull fftnul #define fits_set_atblnull ffsnul #define fits_get_colnum ffgcno #define fits_get_colname ffgcnn #define fits_get_coltype ffgtcl #define fits_get_coltypell ffgtclll #define fits_get_eqcoltype ffeqty #define fits_get_eqcoltypell ffeqtyll #define fits_get_num_rows ffgnrw #define fits_get_num_rowsll ffgnrwll #define fits_get_num_cols ffgncl #define fits_get_acolparms ffgacl #define fits_get_bcolparms ffgbcl #define fits_get_bcolparmsll ffgbclll #define fits_iterate_data ffiter #define fits_read_grppar_byt ffggpb #define fits_read_grppar_sbyt ffggpsb #define fits_read_grppar_usht ffggpui #define fits_read_grppar_ulng ffggpuj #define fits_read_grppar_ulnglng ffggpujj #define fits_read_grppar_sht ffggpi #define fits_read_grppar_lng ffggpj #define fits_read_grppar_lnglng ffggpjj #define fits_read_grppar_int ffggpk #define fits_read_grppar_uint ffggpuk #define fits_read_grppar_flt ffggpe #define fits_read_grppar_dbl ffggpd #define fits_read_pix ffgpxv #define fits_read_pixll ffgpxvll #define fits_read_pixnull ffgpxf #define fits_read_pixnullll ffgpxfll #define fits_read_img ffgpv #define fits_read_imgnull ffgpf #define fits_read_img_byt ffgpvb #define fits_read_img_sbyt ffgpvsb #define fits_read_img_usht ffgpvui #define fits_read_img_ulng ffgpvuj #define fits_read_img_sht ffgpvi #define fits_read_img_lng ffgpvj #define fits_read_img_ulnglng ffgpvujj #define fits_read_img_lnglng ffgpvjj #define fits_read_img_uint ffgpvuk #define fits_read_img_int ffgpvk #define fits_read_img_flt ffgpve #define fits_read_img_dbl ffgpvd #define fits_read_imgnull_byt ffgpfb #define fits_read_imgnull_sbyt ffgpfsb #define fits_read_imgnull_usht ffgpfui #define fits_read_imgnull_ulng ffgpfuj #define fits_read_imgnull_sht ffgpfi #define fits_read_imgnull_lng ffgpfj #define fits_read_imgnull_ulnglng ffgpfujj #define fits_read_imgnull_lnglng ffgpfjj #define fits_read_imgnull_uint ffgpfuk #define fits_read_imgnull_int ffgpfk #define fits_read_imgnull_flt ffgpfe #define fits_read_imgnull_dbl ffgpfd #define fits_read_2d_byt ffg2db #define fits_read_2d_sbyt ffg2dsb #define fits_read_2d_usht ffg2dui #define fits_read_2d_ulng ffg2duj #define fits_read_2d_sht ffg2di #define fits_read_2d_lng ffg2dj #define fits_read_2d_ulnglng ffg2dujj #define fits_read_2d_lnglng ffg2djj #define fits_read_2d_uint ffg2duk #define fits_read_2d_int ffg2dk #define fits_read_2d_flt ffg2de #define fits_read_2d_dbl ffg2dd #define fits_read_3d_byt ffg3db #define fits_read_3d_sbyt ffg3dsb #define fits_read_3d_usht ffg3dui #define fits_read_3d_ulng ffg3duj #define fits_read_3d_sht ffg3di #define fits_read_3d_lng ffg3dj #define fits_read_3d_ulnglng ffg3dujj #define fits_read_3d_lnglng ffg3djj #define fits_read_3d_uint ffg3duk #define fits_read_3d_int ffg3dk #define fits_read_3d_flt ffg3de #define fits_read_3d_dbl ffg3dd #define fits_read_subset ffgsv #define fits_read_subset_byt ffgsvb #define fits_read_subset_sbyt ffgsvsb #define fits_read_subset_usht ffgsvui #define fits_read_subset_ulng ffgsvuj #define fits_read_subset_sht ffgsvi #define fits_read_subset_lng ffgsvj #define fits_read_subset_ulnglng ffgsvujj #define fits_read_subset_lnglng ffgsvjj #define fits_read_subset_uint ffgsvuk #define fits_read_subset_int ffgsvk #define fits_read_subset_flt ffgsve #define fits_read_subset_dbl ffgsvd #define fits_read_subsetnull_byt ffgsfb #define fits_read_subsetnull_sbyt ffgsfsb #define fits_read_subsetnull_usht ffgsfui #define fits_read_subsetnull_ulng ffgsfuj #define fits_read_subsetnull_sht ffgsfi #define fits_read_subsetnull_lng ffgsfj #define fits_read_subsetnull_ulnglng ffgsfujj #define fits_read_subsetnull_lnglng ffgsfjj #define fits_read_subsetnull_uint ffgsfuk #define fits_read_subsetnull_int ffgsfk #define fits_read_subsetnull_flt ffgsfe #define fits_read_subsetnull_dbl ffgsfd #define ffcpimg fits_copy_image_section #define fits_compress_img fits_comp_img #define fits_decompress_img fits_decomp_img #define fits_read_col ffgcv #define fits_read_cols ffgcvn #define fits_read_colnull ffgcf #define fits_read_col_str ffgcvs #define fits_read_col_log ffgcvl #define fits_read_col_byt ffgcvb #define fits_read_col_sbyt ffgcvsb #define fits_read_col_usht ffgcvui #define fits_read_col_ulng ffgcvuj #define fits_read_col_sht ffgcvi #define fits_read_col_lng ffgcvj #define fits_read_col_ulnglng ffgcvujj #define fits_read_col_lnglng ffgcvjj #define fits_read_col_uint ffgcvuk #define fits_read_col_int ffgcvk #define fits_read_col_flt ffgcve #define fits_read_col_dbl ffgcvd #define fits_read_col_cmp ffgcvc #define fits_read_col_dblcmp ffgcvm #define fits_read_col_bit ffgcx #define fits_read_col_bit_usht ffgcxui #define fits_read_col_bit_uint ffgcxuk #define fits_read_colnull_str ffgcfs #define fits_read_colnull_log ffgcfl #define fits_read_colnull_byt ffgcfb #define fits_read_colnull_sbyt ffgcfsb #define fits_read_colnull_usht ffgcfui #define fits_read_colnull_ulng ffgcfuj #define fits_read_colnull_sht ffgcfi #define fits_read_colnull_lng ffgcfj #define fits_read_colnull_ulnglng ffgcfujj #define fits_read_colnull_lnglng ffgcfjj #define fits_read_colnull_uint ffgcfuk #define fits_read_colnull_int ffgcfk #define fits_read_colnull_flt ffgcfe #define fits_read_colnull_dbl ffgcfd #define fits_read_colnull_cmp ffgcfc #define fits_read_colnull_dblcmp ffgcfm #define fits_read_descript ffgdes #define fits_read_descriptll ffgdesll #define fits_read_descripts ffgdess #define fits_read_descriptsll ffgdessll #define fits_read_tblbytes ffgtbb #define fits_write_grppar_byt ffpgpb #define fits_write_grppar_sbyt ffpgpsb #define fits_write_grppar_usht ffpgpui #define fits_write_grppar_ulng ffpgpuj #define fits_write_grppar_sht ffpgpi #define fits_write_grppar_lng ffpgpj #define fits_write_grppar_ulnglng ffpgpujj #define fits_write_grppar_lnglng ffpgpjj #define fits_write_grppar_uint ffpgpuk #define fits_write_grppar_int ffpgpk #define fits_write_grppar_flt ffpgpe #define fits_write_grppar_dbl ffpgpd #define fits_write_pix ffppx #define fits_write_pixll ffppxll #define fits_write_pixnull ffppxn #define fits_write_pixnullll ffppxnll #define fits_write_img ffppr #define fits_write_img_byt ffpprb #define fits_write_img_sbyt ffpprsb #define fits_write_img_usht ffpprui #define fits_write_img_ulng ffppruj #define fits_write_img_sht ffppri #define fits_write_img_lng ffpprj #define fits_write_img_ulnglng ffpprujj #define fits_write_img_lnglng ffpprjj #define fits_write_img_uint ffppruk #define fits_write_img_int ffpprk #define fits_write_img_flt ffppre #define fits_write_img_dbl ffpprd #define fits_write_imgnull ffppn #define fits_write_imgnull_byt ffppnb #define fits_write_imgnull_sbyt ffppnsb #define fits_write_imgnull_usht ffppnui #define fits_write_imgnull_ulng ffppnuj #define fits_write_imgnull_sht ffppni #define fits_write_imgnull_lng ffppnj #define fits_write_imgnull_ulnglng ffppnujj #define fits_write_imgnull_lnglng ffppnjj #define fits_write_imgnull_uint ffppnuk #define fits_write_imgnull_int ffppnk #define fits_write_imgnull_flt ffppne #define fits_write_imgnull_dbl ffppnd #define fits_write_img_null ffppru #define fits_write_null_img ffpprn #define fits_write_2d_byt ffp2db #define fits_write_2d_sbyt ffp2dsb #define fits_write_2d_usht ffp2dui #define fits_write_2d_ulng ffp2duj #define fits_write_2d_sht ffp2di #define fits_write_2d_lng ffp2dj #define fits_write_2d_ulnglng ffp2dujj #define fits_write_2d_lnglng ffp2djj #define fits_write_2d_uint ffp2duk #define fits_write_2d_int ffp2dk #define fits_write_2d_flt ffp2de #define fits_write_2d_dbl ffp2dd #define fits_write_3d_byt ffp3db #define fits_write_3d_sbyt ffp3dsb #define fits_write_3d_usht ffp3dui #define fits_write_3d_ulng ffp3duj #define fits_write_3d_sht ffp3di #define fits_write_3d_lng ffp3dj #define fits_write_3d_ulnglng ffp3dujj #define fits_write_3d_lnglng ffp3djj #define fits_write_3d_uint ffp3duk #define fits_write_3d_int ffp3dk #define fits_write_3d_flt ffp3de #define fits_write_3d_dbl ffp3dd #define fits_write_subset ffpss #define fits_write_subset_byt ffpssb #define fits_write_subset_sbyt ffpsssb #define fits_write_subset_usht ffpssui #define fits_write_subset_ulng ffpssuj #define fits_write_subset_sht ffpssi #define fits_write_subset_lng ffpssj #define fits_write_subset_ulnglng ffpssujj #define fits_write_subset_lnglng ffpssjj #define fits_write_subset_uint ffpssuk #define fits_write_subset_int ffpssk #define fits_write_subset_flt ffpsse #define fits_write_subset_dbl ffpssd #define fits_write_col ffpcl #define fits_write_cols ffpcln #define fits_write_col_str ffpcls #define fits_write_col_log ffpcll #define fits_write_col_byt ffpclb #define fits_write_col_sbyt ffpclsb #define fits_write_col_usht ffpclui #define fits_write_col_ulng ffpcluj #define fits_write_col_sht ffpcli #define fits_write_col_lng ffpclj #define fits_write_col_ulnglng ffpclujj #define fits_write_col_lnglng ffpcljj #define fits_write_col_uint ffpcluk #define fits_write_col_int ffpclk #define fits_write_col_flt ffpcle #define fits_write_col_dbl ffpcld #define fits_write_col_cmp ffpclc #define fits_write_col_dblcmp ffpclm #define fits_write_col_null ffpclu #define fits_write_col_bit ffpclx #define fits_write_nulrows ffprwu #define fits_write_nullrows ffprwu #define fits_write_colnull ffpcn #define fits_write_colnull_str ffpcns #define fits_write_colnull_log ffpcnl #define fits_write_colnull_byt ffpcnb #define fits_write_colnull_sbyt ffpcnsb #define fits_write_colnull_usht ffpcnui #define fits_write_colnull_ulng ffpcnuj #define fits_write_colnull_sht ffpcni #define fits_write_colnull_lng ffpcnj #define fits_write_colnull_ulnglng ffpcnujj #define fits_write_colnull_lnglng ffpcnjj #define fits_write_colnull_uint ffpcnuk #define fits_write_colnull_int ffpcnk #define fits_write_colnull_flt ffpcne #define fits_write_colnull_dbl ffpcnd #define fits_write_ext ffpextn #define fits_read_ext ffgextn #define fits_write_descript ffpdes #define fits_compress_heap ffcmph #define fits_test_heap fftheap #define fits_write_tblbytes ffptbb #define fits_insert_rows ffirow #define fits_delete_rows ffdrow #define fits_delete_rowrange ffdrrg #define fits_delete_rowlist ffdrws #define fits_delete_rowlistll ffdrwsll #define fits_insert_col fficol #define fits_insert_cols fficls #define fits_delete_col ffdcol #define fits_copy_col ffcpcl #define fits_copy_cols ffccls #define fits_copy_rows ffcprw #define fits_copy_selrows ffcpsr #define fits_modify_vector_len ffmvec #define fits_read_img_coord ffgics #define fits_read_img_coord_version ffgicsa #define fits_read_tbl_coord ffgtcs #define fits_pix_to_world ffwldp #define fits_world_to_pix ffxypx #define fits_get_image_wcs_keys ffgiwcs #define fits_get_table_wcs_keys ffgtwcs #define fits_find_rows fffrow #define fits_find_first_row ffffrw #define fits_find_rows_cmp fffrwc #define fits_select_rows ffsrow #define fits_calc_rows ffcrow #define fits_calculator ffcalc #define fits_calculator_rng ffcalc_rng #define fits_test_expr fftexp #define fits_create_group ffgtcr #define fits_insert_group ffgtis #define fits_change_group ffgtch #define fits_remove_group ffgtrm #define fits_copy_group ffgtcp #define fits_merge_groups ffgtmg #define fits_compact_group ffgtcm #define fits_verify_group ffgtvf #define fits_open_group ffgtop #define fits_add_group_member ffgtam #define fits_get_num_members ffgtnm #define fits_get_num_groups ffgmng #define fits_open_member ffgmop #define fits_copy_member ffgmcp #define fits_transfer_member ffgmtf #define fits_remove_member ffgmrm #define fits_init_https ffihtps #define fits_cleanup_https ffchtps #define fits_verbose_https ffvhtps #define fits_show_download_progress ffshdwn #define fits_get_timeout ffgtmo #define fits_set_timeout ffstmo #endif cfitsio-4.3.1/group.h0000644000225700000360000000406113472024437013761 0ustar cagordonlhea#define MAX_HDU_TRACKER 1000 typedef struct _HDUtracker HDUtracker; struct _HDUtracker { int nHDU; char *filename[MAX_HDU_TRACKER]; int position[MAX_HDU_TRACKER]; char *newFilename[MAX_HDU_TRACKER]; int newPosition[MAX_HDU_TRACKER]; }; /* functions used internally in the grouping convention module */ int ffgtdc(int grouptype, int xtensioncol, int extnamecol, int extvercol, int positioncol, int locationcol, int uricol, char *ttype[], char *tform[], int *ncols, int *status); int ffgtgc(fitsfile *gfptr, int *xtensionCol, int *extnameCol, int *extverCol, int *positionCol, int *locationCol, int *uriCol, int *grptype, int *status); int ffvcfm(fitsfile *gfptr, int xtensionCol, int extnameCol, int extverCol, int positionCol, int locationCol, int uriCol, int *status); int ffgmul(fitsfile *mfptr, int rmopt, int *status); int ffgmf(fitsfile *gfptr, char *xtension, char *extname, int extver, int position, char *location, long *member, int *status); int ffgtrmr(fitsfile *gfptr, HDUtracker *HDU, int *status); int ffgtcpr(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int cpopt, HDUtracker *HDU, int *status); int fftsad(fitsfile *mfptr, HDUtracker *HDU, int *newPosition, char *newFileName); int fftsud(fitsfile *mfptr, HDUtracker *HDU, int newPosition, char *newFileName); void prepare_keyvalue(char *keyvalue); int fits_path2url(char *inpath, int maxlength, char *outpath, int *status); int fits_url2path(char *inpath, char *outpath, int *status); int fits_get_cwd(char *cwd, int *status); int fits_get_url(fitsfile *fptr, char *realURL, char *startURL, char *realAccess, char *startAccess, int *iostate, int *status); int fits_clean_url(char *inURL, char *outURL, int *status); int fits_relurl2url(char *refURL, char *relURL, char *absURL, int *status); int fits_url2relurl(char *refURL, char *absURL, char *relURL, int *status); int fits_encode_url(char *inpath, int maxlength, char *outpath, int *status); int fits_unencode_url(char *inpath, char *outpath, int *status); int fits_is_url_absolute(char *url); cfitsio-4.3.1/drvrmem.c0000644000225700000360000011673314335036354014306 0ustar cagordonlhea/* This file, drvrmem.c, contains driver routines for memory files. */ /* The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy */ /* Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA */ /* Goddard Space Flight Center. */ #include #include #include /* apparently needed to define size_t */ #include "fitsio2.h" #if HAVE_BZIP2 #include "bzlib.h" #endif /* prototype for .Z file uncompression function in zuncompress.c */ int zuncompress2mem(char *filename, FILE *diskfile, char **buffptr, size_t *buffsize, void *(*mem_realloc)(void *p, size_t newsize), size_t *filesize, int *status); #if HAVE_BZIP2 /* prototype for .bz2 uncompression function (in this file) */ void bzip2uncompress2mem(char *filename, FILE *diskfile, int hdl, size_t* filesize, int* status); #endif #define RECBUFLEN 1000 static char stdin_outfile[FLEN_FILENAME]; typedef struct /* structure containing mem file structure */ { char **memaddrptr; /* Pointer to memory address pointer; */ /* This may or may not point to memaddr. */ char *memaddr; /* Pointer to starting memory address; may */ /* not always be used, so use *memaddrptr instead */ size_t *memsizeptr; /* Pointer to the size of the memory allocation. */ /* This may or may not point to memsize. */ size_t memsize; /* Size of the memory allocation; this may not */ /* always be used, so use *memsizeptr instead. */ size_t deltasize; /* Suggested increment for reallocating memory */ void *(*mem_realloc)(void *p, size_t newsize); /* realloc function */ LONGLONG currentpos; /* current file position, relative to start */ LONGLONG fitsfilesize; /* size of the FITS file (always <= *memsizeptr) */ FILE *fileptr; /* pointer to compressed output disk file */ } memdriver; static memdriver memTable[NMAXFILES]; /* allocate mem file handle tables */ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_init(void) { int ii; for (ii = 0; ii < NMAXFILES; ii++) /* initialize all empty slots in table */ { memTable[ii].memaddrptr = 0; memTable[ii].memaddr = 0; } return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_setoptions(int options) { /* do something with the options argument, to stop compiler warning */ options = 0; return(options); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_getoptions(int *options) { *options = 0; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_getversion(int *version) { *version = 10; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_shutdown(void) { return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_create(char *filename, int *handle) /* Create a new empty memory file for subsequent writes. The file name is ignored in this case. */ { int status; /* initially allocate 1 FITS block = 2880 bytes */ status = mem_createmem(2880L, handle); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to create empty memory file (mem_create)"); return(status); } return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_create_comp(char *filename, int *handle) /* Create a new empty memory file for subsequent writes. Also create an empty compressed .gz file. The memory file will be compressed and written to the disk file when the file is closed. */ { FILE *diskfile; char mode[4]; int status; /* first, create disk file for the compressed output */ if ( !strcmp(filename, "-.gz") || !strcmp(filename, "stdout.gz") || !strcmp(filename, "STDOUT.gz") ) { /* special case: create uncompressed FITS file in memory, then compress it an write it out to 'stdout' when it is closed. */ diskfile = stdout; } else { /* normal case: create disk file for the compressed output */ strcpy(mode, "w+b"); /* create file with read-write */ diskfile = fopen(filename, "r"); /* does file already exist? */ if (diskfile) { fclose(diskfile); /* close file and exit with error */ return(FILE_NOT_CREATED); } #if MACHINE == ALPHAVMS || MACHINE == VAXVMS /* specify VMS record structure: fixed format, 2880 byte records */ /* but force stream mode access to enable random I/O access */ diskfile = fopen(filename, mode, "rfm=fix", "mrs=2880", "ctx=stm"); #else diskfile = fopen(filename, mode); #endif if (!(diskfile)) /* couldn't create file */ { return(FILE_NOT_CREATED); } } /* now create temporary memory file */ /* initially allocate 1 FITS block = 2880 bytes */ status = mem_createmem(2880L, handle); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to create empty memory file (mem_create_comp)"); return(status); } memTable[*handle].fileptr = diskfile; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_openmem(void **buffptr, /* I - address of memory pointer */ size_t *buffsize, /* I - size of buffer, in bytes */ size_t deltasize, /* I - increment for future realloc's */ void *(*memrealloc)(void *p, size_t newsize), /* function */ int *handle) /* lowest level routine to open a pre-existing memory file. */ { int ii; *handle = -1; for (ii = 0; ii < NMAXFILES; ii++) /* find empty slot in handle table */ { if (memTable[ii].memaddrptr == 0) { *handle = ii; break; } } if (*handle == -1) return(TOO_MANY_FILES); /* too many files opened */ memTable[ii].memaddrptr = (char **) buffptr; /* pointer to start addres */ memTable[ii].memsizeptr = buffsize; /* allocated size of memory */ memTable[ii].deltasize = deltasize; /* suggested realloc increment */ memTable[ii].fitsfilesize = *buffsize; /* size of FITS file (upper limit) */ memTable[ii].currentpos = 0; /* at beginning of the file */ memTable[ii].mem_realloc = memrealloc; /* memory realloc function */ return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_createmem(size_t msize, int *handle) /* lowest level routine to allocate a memory file. */ { int ii; *handle = -1; for (ii = 0; ii < NMAXFILES; ii++) /* find empty slot in handle table */ { if (memTable[ii].memaddrptr == 0) { *handle = ii; break; } } if (*handle == -1) return(TOO_MANY_FILES); /* too many files opened */ /* use the internally allocated memaddr and memsize variables */ memTable[ii].memaddrptr = &memTable[ii].memaddr; memTable[ii].memsizeptr = &memTable[ii].memsize; /* allocate initial block of memory for the file */ if (msize > 0) { memTable[ii].memaddr = (char *) malloc(msize); if ( !(memTable[ii].memaddr) ) { ffpmsg("malloc of initial memory failed (mem_createmem)"); return(FILE_NOT_OPENED); } } /* set initial state of the file */ memTable[ii].memsize = msize; memTable[ii].deltasize = 2880; memTable[ii].fitsfilesize = 0; memTable[ii].currentpos = 0; memTable[ii].mem_realloc = realloc; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_truncate(int handle, LONGLONG filesize) /* truncate the file to a new size */ { char *ptr; /* call the memory reallocation function, if defined */ if ( memTable[handle].mem_realloc ) { /* explicit LONGLONG->size_t cast */ ptr = (memTable[handle].mem_realloc)( *(memTable[handle].memaddrptr), (size_t) filesize); if (!ptr) { ffpmsg("Failed to reallocate memory (mem_truncate)"); return(MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* if allocated more memory, initialize it to zero */ if ( filesize > *(memTable[handle].memsizeptr) ) { memset(ptr + *(memTable[handle].memsizeptr), 0, ((size_t) filesize) - *(memTable[handle].memsizeptr) ); } *(memTable[handle].memaddrptr) = ptr; *(memTable[handle].memsizeptr) = (size_t) (filesize); } memTable[handle].currentpos = filesize; memTable[handle].fitsfilesize = filesize; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int stdin_checkfile(char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile) /* do any special case checking when opening a file on the stdin stream */ { if (strlen(outfile)) { stdin_outfile[0] = '\0'; strncat(stdin_outfile,outfile,FLEN_FILENAME-1); /* an output file is specified */ strcpy(urltype,"stdinfile://"); } else *stdin_outfile = '\0'; /* no output file was specified */ return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int stdin_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *handle) /* open a FITS file from the stdin file stream by copying it into memory The file name is ignored in this case. */ { int status; char cbuff; if (*stdin_outfile) { /* copy the stdin stream to the specified disk file then open the file */ /* Create the output file */ status = file_create(stdin_outfile,handle); if (status) { ffpmsg("Unable to create output file to copy stdin (stdin_open):"); ffpmsg(stdin_outfile); return(status); } /* copy the whole stdin stream to the file */ status = stdin2file(*handle); file_close(*handle); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to copy stdin to file (stdin_open)"); ffpmsg(stdin_outfile); return(status); } /* reopen file with proper rwmode attribute */ status = file_open(stdin_outfile, rwmode, handle); } else { /* get the first character, then put it back */ cbuff = fgetc(stdin); ungetc(cbuff, stdin); /* compressed files begin with 037 or 'P' */ if (cbuff == 31 || cbuff == 75) { /* looks like the input stream is compressed */ status = mem_compress_stdin_open(filename, rwmode, handle); } else { /* copy the stdin stream into memory then open file in memory */ if (rwmode != READONLY) { ffpmsg("cannot open stdin with WRITE access"); return(READONLY_FILE); } status = mem_createmem(2880L, handle); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to create empty memory file (stdin_open)"); return(status); } /* copy the whole stdin stream into memory */ status = stdin2mem(*handle); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to copy stdin into memory (stdin_open)"); free(memTable[*handle].memaddr); } } } return(status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int stdin2mem(int hd) /* handle number */ /* Copy the stdin stream into memory. Fill whatever amount of memory has already been allocated, then realloc more memory if necessary. */ { size_t nread, memsize, delta; LONGLONG filesize; char *memptr; char simple[] = "SIMPLE"; int c, ii, jj; memptr = *memTable[hd].memaddrptr; memsize = *memTable[hd].memsizeptr; delta = memTable[hd].deltasize; filesize = 0; ii = 0; for(jj = 0; (c = fgetc(stdin)) != EOF && jj < 2000; jj++) { /* Skip over any garbage at the beginning of the stdin stream by */ /* reading 1 char at a time, looking for 'S', 'I', 'M', 'P', 'L', 'E' */ /* Give up if not found in the first 2000 characters */ if (c == simple[ii]) { ii++; if (ii == 6) /* found the complete string? */ { memcpy(memptr, simple, 6); /* copy "SIMPLE" to buffer */ filesize = 6; break; } } else ii = 0; /* reset search to beginning of the string */ } if (filesize == 0) { ffpmsg("Couldn't find the string 'SIMPLE' in the stdin stream."); ffpmsg("This does not look like a FITS file."); return(FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* fill up the remainder of the initial memory allocation */ nread = fread(memptr + 6, 1, memsize - 6, stdin); nread += 6; /* add in the 6 characters in 'SIMPLE' */ if (nread < memsize) /* reached the end? */ { memTable[hd].fitsfilesize = nread; return(0); } filesize = nread; while (1) { /* allocate memory for another FITS block */ memptr = realloc(memptr, memsize + delta); if (!memptr) { ffpmsg("realloc failed while copying stdin (stdin2mem)"); return(MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } memsize += delta; /* read another FITS block */ nread = fread(memptr + filesize, 1, delta, stdin); filesize += nread; if (nread < delta) /* reached the end? */ break; } memTable[hd].fitsfilesize = filesize; *memTable[hd].memaddrptr = memptr; *memTable[hd].memsizeptr = memsize; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int stdin2file(int handle) /* handle number */ /* Copy the stdin stream to a file. . */ { size_t nread; char simple[] = "SIMPLE"; int c, ii, jj, status; char recbuf[RECBUFLEN]; ii = 0; for(jj = 0; (c = fgetc(stdin)) != EOF && jj < 2000; jj++) { /* Skip over any garbage at the beginning of the stdin stream by */ /* reading 1 char at a time, looking for 'S', 'I', 'M', 'P', 'L', 'E' */ /* Give up if not found in the first 2000 characters */ if (c == simple[ii]) { ii++; if (ii == 6) /* found the complete string? */ { memcpy(recbuf, simple, 6); /* copy "SIMPLE" to buffer */ break; } } else ii = 0; /* reset search to beginning of the string */ } if (ii != 6) { ffpmsg("Couldn't find the string 'SIMPLE' in the stdin stream"); return(FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* fill up the remainder of the buffer */ nread = fread(recbuf + 6, 1, RECBUFLEN - 6, stdin); nread += 6; /* add in the 6 characters in 'SIMPLE' */ status = file_write(handle, recbuf, nread); if (status) return(status); /* copy the rest of stdin stream */ while(0 != (nread = fread(recbuf,1,RECBUFLEN, stdin))) { status = file_write(handle, recbuf, nread); if (status) return(status); } return(status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int stdout_close(int handle) /* copy the memory file to stdout, then free the memory */ { int status = 0; /* copy from memory to standard out. explicit LONGLONG->size_t cast */ if(fwrite(memTable[handle].memaddr, 1, ((size_t) memTable[handle].fitsfilesize), stdout) != (size_t) memTable[handle].fitsfilesize ) { ffpmsg("failed to copy memory file to stdout (stdout_close)"); status = WRITE_ERROR; } free( memTable[handle].memaddr ); /* free the memory */ memTable[handle].memaddrptr = 0; memTable[handle].memaddr = 0; return(status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_compress_openrw(char *filename, int rwmode, int *hdl) /* This routine opens the compressed diskfile and creates an empty memory buffer with an appropriate size, then calls mem_uncompress2mem. It allows the memory 'file' to be opened with READWRITE access. */ { return(mem_compress_open(filename, READONLY, hdl)); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_compress_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *hdl) /* This routine opens the compressed diskfile and creates an empty memory buffer with an appropriate size, then calls mem_uncompress2mem. */ { FILE *diskfile; int status, estimated = 1; unsigned char buffer[4]; size_t finalsize, filesize; LONGLONG llsize = 0; unsigned int modulosize; char *ptr; if (rwmode != READONLY) { ffpmsg( "cannot open compressed file with WRITE access (mem_compress_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); return(READONLY_FILE); } /* open the compressed disk file */ status = file_openfile(filename, READONLY, &diskfile); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to open compressed disk file (compress_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); return(status); } if (fread(buffer, 1, 2, diskfile) != 2) /* read 2 bytes */ { fclose(diskfile); return(READ_ERROR); } if (memcmp(buffer, "\037\213", 2) == 0) /* GZIP */ { /* the uncompressed file size is give at the end */ /* of the file in the ISIZE field (modulo 2^32) */ fseek(diskfile, 0, 2); /* move to end of file */ filesize = ftell(diskfile); /* position = size of file */ fseek(diskfile, -4L, 1); /* move back 4 bytes */ fread(buffer, 1, 4L, diskfile); /* read 4 bytes */ /* have to worry about integer byte order */ modulosize = buffer[0]; modulosize |= buffer[1] << 8; modulosize |= buffer[2] << 16; modulosize |= buffer[3] << 24; /* the field ISIZE in the gzipped file header only stores 4 bytes and contains the uncompressed file size modulo 2^32. If the uncompressed file size is less than the compressed file size (filesize), then one probably needs to add 2^32 = 4294967296 to the uncompressed file size, assuming that the gzip produces a compressed file that is smaller than the original file. But one must allow for the case of very small files, where the gzipped file may actually be larger then the original uncompressed file. Therefore, only perform the modulo 2^32 correction test if the compressed file is greater than 10,000 bytes in size. (Note: this threhold would fail only if the original file was greater than 2^32 bytes in size AND gzip was able to compress it by more than a factor of 400,000 (!) which seems highly unlikely.) Also, obviously, this 2^32 modulo correction cannot be performed if the finalsize variable is only 32-bits long. Typically, the 'size_t' integer type must be 8 bytes or larger in size to support data files that are greater than 2 GB (2^31 bytes) in size. */ finalsize = modulosize; if (sizeof(size_t) > 4 && filesize > 10000) { llsize = (LONGLONG) finalsize; /* use LONGLONG variable to suppress compiler warning */ while (llsize < (LONGLONG) filesize) llsize += 4294967296; finalsize = (size_t) llsize; } estimated = 0; /* file size is known, not estimated */ } else if (memcmp(buffer, "\120\113", 2) == 0) /* PKZIP */ { /* the uncompressed file size is give at byte 22 the file */ fseek(diskfile, 22L, 0); /* move to byte 22 */ fread(buffer, 1, 4L, diskfile); /* read 4 bytes */ /* have to worry about integer byte order */ modulosize = buffer[0]; modulosize |= buffer[1] << 8; modulosize |= buffer[2] << 16; modulosize |= buffer[3] << 24; finalsize = modulosize; estimated = 0; /* file size is known, not estimated */ } else if (memcmp(buffer, "\037\036", 2) == 0) /* PACK */ finalsize = 0; /* for most methods we can't determine final size */ else if (memcmp(buffer, "\037\235", 2) == 0) /* LZW */ finalsize = 0; /* for most methods we can't determine final size */ else if (memcmp(buffer, "\037\240", 2) == 0) /* LZH */ finalsize = 0; /* for most methods we can't determine final size */ #if HAVE_BZIP2 else if (memcmp(buffer, "BZ", 2) == 0) /* BZip2 */ finalsize = 0; /* for most methods we can't determine final size */ #endif else { /* not a compressed file; this should never happen */ fclose(diskfile); return(1); } if (finalsize == 0) /* estimate uncompressed file size */ { fseek(diskfile, 0, 2); /* move to end of the compressed file */ finalsize = ftell(diskfile); /* position = size of file */ finalsize = finalsize * 3; /* assume factor of 3 compression */ } fseek(diskfile, 0, 0); /* move back to beginning of file */ /* create a memory file big enough (hopefully) for the uncompressed file */ status = mem_createmem(finalsize, hdl); if (status && estimated) { /* memory allocation failed, so try a smaller estimated size */ finalsize = finalsize / 3; status = mem_createmem(finalsize, hdl); } if (status) { fclose(diskfile); ffpmsg("failed to create empty memory file (compress_open)"); return(status); } /* uncompress file into memory */ status = mem_uncompress2mem(filename, diskfile, *hdl); fclose(diskfile); if (status) { mem_close_free(*hdl); /* free up the memory */ ffpmsg("failed to uncompress file into memory (compress_open)"); return(status); } /* if we allocated too much memory initially, then free it */ if (*(memTable[*hdl].memsizeptr) > (( (size_t) memTable[*hdl].fitsfilesize) + 256L) ) { ptr = realloc(*(memTable[*hdl].memaddrptr), ((size_t) memTable[*hdl].fitsfilesize) ); if (!ptr) { ffpmsg("Failed to reduce size of allocated memory (compress_open)"); return(MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } *(memTable[*hdl].memaddrptr) = ptr; *(memTable[*hdl].memsizeptr) = (size_t) (memTable[*hdl].fitsfilesize); } return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_compress_stdin_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *hdl) /* This routine reads the compressed input stream and creates an empty memory buffer, then calls mem_uncompress2mem. */ { int status; char *ptr; if (rwmode != READONLY) { ffpmsg( "cannot open compressed input stream with WRITE access (mem_compress_stdin_open)"); return(READONLY_FILE); } /* create a memory file for the uncompressed file */ status = mem_createmem(28800, hdl); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to create empty memory file (compress_stdin_open)"); return(status); } /* uncompress file into memory */ status = mem_uncompress2mem(filename, stdin, *hdl); if (status) { mem_close_free(*hdl); /* free up the memory */ ffpmsg("failed to uncompress stdin into memory (compress_stdin_open)"); return(status); } /* if we allocated too much memory initially, then free it */ if (*(memTable[*hdl].memsizeptr) > (( (size_t) memTable[*hdl].fitsfilesize) + 256L) ) { ptr = realloc(*(memTable[*hdl].memaddrptr), ((size_t) memTable[*hdl].fitsfilesize) ); if (!ptr) { ffpmsg("Failed to reduce size of allocated memory (compress_stdin_open)"); return(MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } *(memTable[*hdl].memaddrptr) = ptr; *(memTable[*hdl].memsizeptr) = (size_t) (memTable[*hdl].fitsfilesize); } return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_iraf_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *hdl) /* This routine creates an empty memory buffer, then calls iraf2mem to open the IRAF disk file and convert it to a FITS file in memeory. */ { int status; size_t filesize = 0; /* create a memory file with size = 0 for the FITS converted IRAF file */ status = mem_createmem(filesize, hdl); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to create empty memory file (mem_iraf_open)"); return(status); } /* convert the iraf file into a FITS file in memory */ status = iraf2mem(filename, memTable[*hdl].memaddrptr, memTable[*hdl].memsizeptr, &filesize, &status); if (status) { mem_close_free(*hdl); /* free up the memory */ ffpmsg("failed to convert IRAF file into memory (mem_iraf_open)"); return(status); } memTable[*hdl].currentpos = 0; /* save starting position */ memTable[*hdl].fitsfilesize=filesize; /* and initial file size */ return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_rawfile_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *hdl) /* This routine creates an empty memory buffer, writes a minimal image header, then copies the image data from the raw file into memory. It will byteswap the pixel values if the raw array is in little endian byte order. */ { FILE *diskfile; fitsfile *fptr; short *sptr; int status, endian, datatype, bytePerPix, naxis; long dim[5] = {1,1,1,1,1}, ii, nvals, offset = 0; size_t filesize = 0, datasize; char rootfile[FLEN_FILENAME], *cptr = 0, *cptr2 = 0; void *ptr; if (rwmode != READONLY) { ffpmsg( "cannot open raw binary file with WRITE access (mem_rawfile_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); return(READONLY_FILE); } cptr = strchr(filename, '['); /* search for opening bracket [ */ if (!cptr) { ffpmsg("binary file name missing '[' character (mem_rawfile_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); return(URL_PARSE_ERROR); } *rootfile = '\0'; strncat(rootfile, filename, cptr - filename); /* store the rootname */ cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') cptr++; /* skip leading blanks */ /* Get the Data Type of the Image */ if (*cptr == 'b' || *cptr == 'B') { datatype = BYTE_IMG; bytePerPix = 1; } else if (*cptr == 'i' || *cptr == 'I') { datatype = SHORT_IMG; bytePerPix = 2; } else if (*cptr == 'u' || *cptr == 'U') { datatype = USHORT_IMG; bytePerPix = 2; } else if (*cptr == 'j' || *cptr == 'J') { datatype = LONG_IMG; bytePerPix = 4; } else if (*cptr == 'r' || *cptr == 'R' || *cptr == 'f' || *cptr == 'F') { datatype = FLOAT_IMG; bytePerPix = 4; } else if (*cptr == 'd' || *cptr == 'D') { datatype = DOUBLE_IMG; bytePerPix = 8; } else { ffpmsg("error in raw binary file datatype (mem_rawfile_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); return(URL_PARSE_ERROR); } cptr++; /* get Endian: Big or Little; default is same as the local machine */ if (*cptr == 'b' || *cptr == 'B') { endian = 0; cptr++; } else if (*cptr == 'l' || *cptr == 'L') { endian = 1; cptr++; } else endian = BYTESWAPPED; /* byteswapped machines are little endian */ /* read each dimension (up to 5) */ naxis = 1; dim[0] = strtol(cptr, &cptr2, 10); if (cptr2 && *cptr2 == ',') { naxis = 2; dim[1] = strtol(cptr2+1, &cptr, 10); if (cptr && *cptr == ',') { naxis = 3; dim[2] = strtol(cptr+1, &cptr2, 10); if (cptr2 && *cptr2 == ',') { naxis = 4; dim[3] = strtol(cptr2+1, &cptr, 10); if (cptr && *cptr == ',') naxis = 5; dim[4] = strtol(cptr+1, &cptr2, 10); } } } cptr = maxvalue(cptr, cptr2); if (*cptr == ':') /* read starting offset value */ offset = strtol(cptr+1, 0, 10); nvals = dim[0] * dim[1] * dim[2] * dim[3] * dim[4]; datasize = nvals * bytePerPix; filesize = nvals * bytePerPix + 2880; filesize = ((filesize - 1) / 2880 + 1) * 2880; /* open the raw binary disk file */ status = file_openfile(rootfile, READONLY, &diskfile); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to open raw binary file (mem_rawfile_open)"); ffpmsg(rootfile); return(status); } /* create a memory file with corrct size for the FITS converted raw file */ status = mem_createmem(filesize, hdl); if (status) { ffpmsg("failed to create memory file (mem_rawfile_open)"); fclose(diskfile); return(status); } /* open this piece of memory as a new FITS file */ ffimem(&fptr, (void **) memTable[*hdl].memaddrptr, &filesize, 0, 0, &status); /* write the required header keywords */ ffcrim(fptr, datatype, naxis, dim, &status); /* close the FITS file, but keep the memory allocated */ ffclos(fptr, &status); if (status > 0) { ffpmsg("failed to write basic image header (mem_rawfile_open)"); fclose(diskfile); mem_close_free(*hdl); /* free up the memory */ return(status); } if (offset > 0) fseek(diskfile, offset, 0); /* offset to start of the data */ /* read the raw data into memory */ ptr = *memTable[*hdl].memaddrptr + 2880; if (fread((char *) ptr, 1, datasize, diskfile) != datasize) status = READ_ERROR; fclose(diskfile); /* close the raw binary disk file */ if (status) { mem_close_free(*hdl); /* free up the memory */ ffpmsg("failed to copy raw file data into memory (mem_rawfile_open)"); return(status); } if (datatype == USHORT_IMG) /* have to subtract 32768 from each unsigned */ { /* value to conform to FITS convention. More */ /* efficient way to do this is to just flip */ /* the most significant bit. */ sptr = (short *) ptr; if (endian == BYTESWAPPED) /* working with native format */ { for (ii = 0; ii < nvals; ii++, sptr++) { *sptr = ( *sptr ) ^ 0x8000; } } else /* pixels are byteswapped WRT the native format */ { for (ii = 0; ii < nvals; ii++, sptr++) { *sptr = ( *sptr ) ^ 0x80; } } } if (endian) /* swap the bytes if array is in little endian byte order */ { if (datatype == SHORT_IMG || datatype == USHORT_IMG) { ffswap2( (short *) ptr, nvals); } else if (datatype == LONG_IMG || datatype == FLOAT_IMG) { ffswap4( (INT32BIT *) ptr, nvals); } else if (datatype == DOUBLE_IMG) { ffswap8( (double *) ptr, nvals); } } memTable[*hdl].currentpos = 0; /* save starting position */ memTable[*hdl].fitsfilesize=filesize; /* and initial file size */ return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_uncompress2mem(char *filename, FILE *diskfile, int hdl) { /* lower level routine to uncompress a file into memory. The file has already been opened and the memory buffer has been allocated. */ size_t finalsize; int status; /* uncompress file into memory */ status = 0; if (strstr(filename, ".Z")) { zuncompress2mem(filename, diskfile, memTable[hdl].memaddrptr, /* pointer to memory address */ memTable[hdl].memsizeptr, /* pointer to size of memory */ realloc, /* reallocation function */ &finalsize, &status); /* returned file size nd status*/ #if HAVE_BZIP2 } else if (strstr(filename, ".bz2")) { bzip2uncompress2mem(filename, diskfile, hdl, &finalsize, &status); #endif } else { uncompress2mem(filename, diskfile, memTable[hdl].memaddrptr, /* pointer to memory address */ memTable[hdl].memsizeptr, /* pointer to size of memory */ realloc, /* reallocation function */ &finalsize, &status); /* returned file size nd status*/ } memTable[hdl].currentpos = 0; /* save starting position */ memTable[hdl].fitsfilesize=finalsize; /* and initial file size */ return status; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_size(int handle, LONGLONG *filesize) /* return the size of the file; only called when the file is first opened */ { *filesize = memTable[handle].fitsfilesize; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_close_free(int handle) /* close the file and free the memory. */ { free( *(memTable[handle].memaddrptr) ); memTable[handle].memaddrptr = 0; memTable[handle].memaddr = 0; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_close_keep(int handle) /* close the memory file but do not free the memory. */ { memTable[handle].memaddrptr = 0; memTable[handle].memaddr = 0; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_close_comp(int handle) /* compress the memory file, writing it out to the fileptr (which might be stdout) */ { int status = 0; size_t compsize; /* compress file in memory to a .gz disk file */ if(compress2file_from_mem(memTable[handle].memaddr, (size_t) (memTable[handle].fitsfilesize), memTable[handle].fileptr, &compsize, &status ) ) { ffpmsg("failed to copy memory file to file (mem_close_comp)"); status = WRITE_ERROR; } free( memTable[handle].memaddr ); /* free the memory */ memTable[handle].memaddrptr = 0; memTable[handle].memaddr = 0; /* close the compressed disk file (except if it is 'stdout' */ if (memTable[handle].fileptr != stdout) fclose(memTable[handle].fileptr); return(status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_seek(int handle, LONGLONG offset) /* seek to position relative to start of the file. */ { if (offset > memTable[handle].fitsfilesize ) return(END_OF_FILE); memTable[handle].currentpos = offset; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_read(int hdl, void *buffer, long nbytes) /* read bytes from the current position in the file */ { if (memTable[hdl].currentpos + nbytes > memTable[hdl].fitsfilesize) return(END_OF_FILE); memcpy(buffer, *(memTable[hdl].memaddrptr) + memTable[hdl].currentpos, nbytes); memTable[hdl].currentpos += nbytes; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_write(int hdl, void *buffer, long nbytes) /* write bytes at the current position in the file */ { size_t newsize; char *ptr; if ((size_t) (memTable[hdl].currentpos + nbytes) > *(memTable[hdl].memsizeptr) ) { if (!(memTable[hdl].mem_realloc)) { ffpmsg("realloc function not defined (mem_write)"); return(WRITE_ERROR); } /* Attempt to reallocate additional memory: the memory buffer size is incremented by the larger of: 1 FITS block (2880 bytes) or the defined 'deltasize' parameter */ newsize = maxvalue( (size_t) (((memTable[hdl].currentpos + nbytes - 1) / 2880) + 1) * 2880, *(memTable[hdl].memsizeptr) + memTable[hdl].deltasize); /* call the realloc function */ ptr = (memTable[hdl].mem_realloc)( *(memTable[hdl].memaddrptr), newsize); if (!ptr) { ffpmsg("Failed to reallocate memory (mem_write)"); return(MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } *(memTable[hdl].memaddrptr) = ptr; *(memTable[hdl].memsizeptr) = newsize; } /* now copy the bytes from the buffer into memory */ memcpy( *(memTable[hdl].memaddrptr) + memTable[hdl].currentpos, buffer, nbytes); memTable[hdl].currentpos += nbytes; memTable[hdl].fitsfilesize = maxvalue(memTable[hdl].fitsfilesize, memTable[hdl].currentpos); return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int mem_zuncompress_and_write(int hdl, void *buffer, long nbytes) /* uncompress input buffer, length nbytes and write bytes to current position in file. output buffer needs to be at position 0 to start. */ { size_t newsize; int status = 0; if (memTable[hdl].currentpos != 0) { ffpmsg("cannot append uncompressed data (mem_uncompress_and_write)"); return(WRITE_ERROR); } uncompress2mem_from_mem(buffer, nbytes, memTable[hdl].memaddrptr, memTable[hdl].memsizeptr, memTable[hdl].mem_realloc, &newsize, &status); if (status) { ffpmsg("unabled to uncompress memory file (mem_uncompress_and_write)"); return(WRITE_ERROR); } memTable[hdl].currentpos += newsize; memTable[hdl].fitsfilesize = newsize; return(0); } #if HAVE_BZIP2 void bzip2uncompress2mem(char *filename, FILE *diskfile, int hdl, size_t* filesize, int* status) { BZFILE* b; int bzerror; char buf[8192]; size_t total_read = 0; char* errormsg = NULL; *filesize = 0; *status = 0; b = BZ2_bzReadOpen(&bzerror, diskfile, 0, 0, NULL, 0); if (bzerror != BZ_OK) { BZ2_bzReadClose(&bzerror, b); if (bzerror == BZ_MEM_ERROR) ffpmsg("failed to open a bzip2 file: out of memory\n"); else if (bzerror == BZ_CONFIG_ERROR) ffpmsg("failed to open a bzip2 file: miscompiled bzip2 library\n"); else if (bzerror == BZ_IO_ERROR) ffpmsg("failed to open a bzip2 file: I/O error"); else ffpmsg("failed to open a bzip2 file"); *status = READ_ERROR; return; } bzerror = BZ_OK; while (bzerror == BZ_OK) { int nread; nread = BZ2_bzRead(&bzerror, b, buf, sizeof(buf)); if (bzerror == BZ_OK || bzerror == BZ_STREAM_END) { *status = mem_write(hdl, buf, nread); if (*status) { BZ2_bzReadClose(&bzerror, b); if (*status == MEMORY_ALLOCATION) ffpmsg("Failed to reallocate memory while uncompressing bzip2 file"); return; } total_read += nread; } else { if (bzerror == BZ_IO_ERROR) errormsg = "failed to read bzip2 file: I/O error"; else if (bzerror == BZ_UNEXPECTED_EOF) errormsg = "failed to read bzip2 file: unexpected end-of-file"; else if (bzerror == BZ_DATA_ERROR) errormsg = "failed to read bzip2 file: data integrity error"; else if (bzerror == BZ_MEM_ERROR) errormsg = "failed to read bzip2 file: insufficient memory"; } } BZ2_bzReadClose(&bzerror, b); if (bzerror != BZ_OK) { if (errormsg) ffpmsg(errormsg); else ffpmsg("failure closing bzip2 file after reading\n"); *status = READ_ERROR; return; } *filesize = total_read; } #endif cfitsio-4.3.1/cfitsio-config-version.cmake.in0000644000225700000360000000126714335036354020456 0ustar cagordonlheaset(PACKAGE_VERSION "@CFITSIO_VERSION@") # Check whether the requested PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION is compatible if("${PACKAGE_VERSION}" VERSION_LESS "${PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION}") set(PACKAGE_VERSION_COMPATIBLE FALSE) else() set(PACKAGE_VERSION_COMPATIBLE TRUE) if ("${PACKAGE_VERSION}" VERSION_EQUAL "${PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION}") set(PACKAGE_VERSION_EXACT TRUE) endif() endif() # alternate: #set(PACKAGE_VERSION "@version@") #if(NOT "${PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION}" VERSION_GREATER "@version@") # set(PACKAGE_VERSION_COMPATIBLE 1) # compatible with older # if("${PACKAGE_FIND_VERSION}" VERSION_EQUAL "@version@") # set(PACKAGE_VERSION_EXACT 1) # exact match for this version # endif() #endif() cfitsio-4.3.1/cfortran.h0000644000225700000360000041367414335036354014461 0ustar cagordonlhea/* cfortran.h 4.4 */ /* http://www-zeus.desy.de/~burow/cfortran/ */ /* Burkhard Burow burow@desy.de 1990 - 2002. */ #ifndef __CFORTRAN_LOADED #define __CFORTRAN_LOADED /* THIS FILE IS PROPERTY OF BURKHARD BUROW. IF YOU ARE USING THIS FILE YOU SHOULD ALSO HAVE ACCESS TO CFORTRAN.DOC WHICH PROVIDES TERMS FOR USING, MODIFYING, COPYING AND DISTRIBUTING THE CFORTRAN.H PACKAGE. */ /* The following modifications were made by the authors of CFITSIO or by me. * They are flagged below with CFITSIO, the author's initials, or KMCCARTY. * PDW = Peter Wilson * DM = Doug Mink * LEB = Lee E Brotzman * MR = Martin Reinecke * WDP = William D Pence * -- Kevin McCarty, for Debian (19 Dec. 2005) */ /******* Modifications: Oct 1997: Changed symbol name extname to appendus (PDW/HSTX) (Conflicted with a common variable name in FTOOLS) Nov 1997: If g77Fortran defined, also define f2cFortran (PDW/HSTX) Feb 1998: Let VMS see the NUM_ELEMS code. Lets programs treat single strings as vectors with single elements Nov 1999: If macintoxh defined, also define f2cfortran (for Mac OS-X) Apr 2000: If WIN32 defined, also define PowerStationFortran and VISUAL_CPLUSPLUS (Visual C++) Jun 2000: If __GNUC__ and linux defined, also define f2cFortran (linux/gcc environment detection) Apr 2002: If __CYGWIN__ is defined, also define f2cFortran Nov 2002: If __APPLE__ defined, also define f2cfortran (for Mac OS-X) Nov 2003: If __INTEL_COMPILER or INTEL_COMPILER defined, also define f2cFortran (KMCCARTY) Dec 2005: If f2cFortran is defined, enforce REAL functions in FORTRAN returning "double" in C. This was one of the items on Burkhard's TODO list. (KMCCARTY) Dec 2005: Modifications to support 8-byte integers. (MR) USE AT YOUR OWN RISK! Feb 2006 Added logic to typedef the symbol 'LONGLONG' to an appropriate intrinsic 8-byte integer datatype (WDP) Apr 2006: Modifications to support gfortran (and g77 with -fno-f2c flag) since by default it returns "float" for FORTRAN REAL function. (KMCCARTY) May 2008: Revert commenting out of "extern" in COMMON_BLOCK_DEF macro. Add braces around do-nothing ";" in 3 empty while blocks to get rid of compiler warnings. Thanks to ROOT developers Jacek Holeczek and Rene Brun for these suggestions. (KMCCARTY) Dec 2008 Added typedef for LONGLONG to support Borland compiler (WDP) Jan 2020 Added __attribute__((unused)) for GCC to prevent warnings (C. Markwardt) Jan 2022 Changed H_CF_SPECIAL definition from 'unsigned' to 'size_t'. This determines the type of the hidden length argument which gets added to functions passing strings from Fortran to C. This change was first required when testing Homebrew compilers native to Mac/ARM Silicon. (C. Gordon) Apr 2022 Made equivalent 'unsigned'/'size_t' change to STRING_cfKK(B) definition. This is required for passing strings from C to Fortran. To avoid duplication, defined an 'if' block for setting new CF_STRLENTYPE variable. H_CF_SPECIAL and STRING_cfKK(B) are now set to this. May 2022 Set ALL Mac/ARM platforms to 'size_t' for CF_STRLENTYPE since Clang/Clang++ will not pass GNUC>7 test, yet its (3rd-party) Fortran still needs this. *******/ #ifndef __CFORTRAN__PCTYPE__UNUSED__ #ifdef __GNUC__ #define __CFORTRAN__PCTYPE__UNUSED__ __attribute__ ((unused)) #else #define __CFORTRAN__PCTYPE__UNUSED__ #endif #endif /* Avoid symbols already used by compilers and system *.h: __ - OSF1 zukal06 V3.0 347 alpha, cc -c -std1 cfortest.c */ /* Determine what 8-byte integer data type is available. 'long long' is now supported by most compilers, but older MS Visual C++ compilers before V7.0 use '__int64' instead. (WDP) */ #ifndef LONGLONG_TYPE /* this may have been previously defined */ #if defined(_MSC_VER) /* Microsoft Visual C++ */ #if (_MSC_VER < 1300) /* versions earlier than V7.0 do not have 'long long' */ typedef __int64 LONGLONG; typedef unsigned __int64 ULONGLONG; #else /* newer versions do support 'long long' */ typedef long long LONGLONG; typedef unsigned long long ULONGLONG; #endif #elif defined( __BORLANDC__) /* (WDP) for the free Borland compiler, in particular */ typedef __int64 LONGLONG; typedef unsigned __int64 ULONGLONG; #else typedef long long LONGLONG; typedef unsigned long long ULONGLONG; #endif #define LONGLONG_TYPE #endif /* Microsoft Visual C++ requires alternate form for static inline. */ #if defined(_MSC_VER) /* Microsoft Visual C++ */ #define STIN static __inline #else #define STIN static inline #endif /* First prepare for the C compiler. */ #ifndef ANSI_C_preprocessor /* i.e. user can override. */ #ifdef __CF__KnR #define ANSI_C_preprocessor 0 #else #ifdef __STDC__ #define ANSI_C_preprocessor 1 #else #define _cfleft 1 #define _cfright #define _cfleft_cfright 0 #define ANSI_C_preprocessor _cfleft/**/_cfright #endif #endif #endif #if ANSI_C_preprocessor #define _0(A,B) A##B #define _(A,B) _0(A,B) /* see cat,xcat of K&R ANSI C p. 231 */ #define _2(A,B) A##B /* K&R ANSI C p.230: .. identifier is not replaced */ #define _3(A,B,C) _(A,_(B,C)) #else /* if it turns up again during rescanning. */ #define _(A,B) A/**/B #define _2(A,B) A/**/B #define _3(A,B,C) A/**/B/**/C #endif #if (defined(vax)&&defined(unix)) || (defined(__vax__)&&defined(__unix__)) #define VAXUltrix #endif #include /* NULL [in all machines stdio.h] */ #include /* strlen, memset, memcpy, memchr. */ #if !( defined(VAXUltrix) || defined(sun) || (defined(apollo)&&!defined(__STDCPP__)) ) #include /* malloc,free */ #else #include /* Had to be removed for DomainOS h105 10.4 sys5.3 425t*/ #ifdef apollo #define __CF__APOLLO67 /* __STDCPP__ is in Apollo 6.8 (i.e. ANSI) and onwards */ #endif #endif #if !defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__sun) && (defined(sun)||defined(VAXUltrix)||defined(lynx)) #define __CF__KnR /* Sun, LynxOS and VAX Ultrix cc only supports K&R. */ /* Manually define __CF__KnR for HP if desired/required.*/ #endif /* i.e. We will generate Kernighan and Ritchie C. */ /* Note that you may define __CF__KnR before #include cfortran.h, in order to generate K&R C instead of the default ANSI C. The differences are mainly in the function prototypes and declarations. All machines, except the Apollo, work with either style. The Apollo's argument promotion rules require ANSI or use of the obsolete std_$call which we have not implemented here. Hence on the Apollo, only C calling FORTRAN subroutines will work using K&R style.*/ /* Remainder of cfortran.h depends on the Fortran compiler. */ /* 11/29/2003 (KMCCARTY): add *INTEL_COMPILER symbols here */ /* 04/05/2006 (KMCCARTY): add gFortran symbol here */ #if defined(CLIPPERFortran) || defined(pgiFortran) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) || defined(INTEL_COMPILER) || defined(gFortran) #define f2cFortran #endif /* VAX/VMS does not let us \-split long #if lines. */ /* Split #if into 2 because some HP-UX can't handle long #if */ #if !(defined(NAGf90Fortran)||defined(f2cFortran)||defined(hpuxFortran)||defined(apolloFortran)||defined(sunFortran)||defined(IBMR2Fortran)||defined(CRAYFortran)) #if !(defined(mipsFortran)||defined(DECFortran)||defined(vmsFortran)||defined(CONVEXFortran)||defined(PowerStationFortran)||defined(AbsoftUNIXFortran)||defined(AbsoftProFortran)||defined(SXFortran)) /* If no Fortran compiler is given, we choose one for the machines we know. */ #if defined(lynx) || defined(VAXUltrix) #define f2cFortran /* Lynx: Only support f2c at the moment. VAXUltrix: f77 behaves like f2c. Support f2c or f77 with gcc, vcc with f2c. f77 with vcc works, missing link magic for f77 I/O.*/ #endif /* 04/13/00 DM (CFITSIO): Add these lines for NT */ /* with PowerStationFortran and and Visual C++ */ #if defined(WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__) #define PowerStationFortran #define VISUAL_CPLUSPLUS #endif #if defined(g77Fortran) /* 11/03/97 PDW (CFITSIO) */ #define f2cFortran #endif #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* 04/11/02 LEB (CFITSIO) */ #define f2cFortran #endif #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(linux) /* 06/21/00 PDW (CFITSIO) */ #define f2cFortran #endif #if defined(macintosh) /* 11/1999 (CFITSIO) */ #define f2cFortran #endif #if defined(__APPLE__) /* 11/2002 (CFITSIO) */ #define f2cFortran #endif #if defined(__hpux) /* 921107: Use __hpux instead of __hp9000s300 */ #define hpuxFortran /* Should also allow hp9000s7/800 use.*/ #endif #if defined(apollo) #define apolloFortran /* __CF__APOLLO67 also defines some behavior. */ #endif #if defined(sun) || defined(__sun) #define sunFortran #endif #if defined(_IBMR2) #define IBMR2Fortran #endif #if defined(_CRAY) #define CRAYFortran /* _CRAYT3E also defines some behavior. */ #endif #if defined(_SX) #define SXFortran #endif #if defined(mips) || defined(__mips) #define mipsFortran #endif #if defined(vms) || defined(__vms) #define vmsFortran #endif #if defined(__alpha) && defined(__unix__) #define DECFortran #endif #if defined(__convex__) #define CONVEXFortran #endif #if defined(VISUAL_CPLUSPLUS) #define PowerStationFortran #endif #endif /* ...Fortran */ #endif /* ...Fortran */ /* Split #if into 2 because some HP-UX can't handle long #if */ #if !(defined(NAGf90Fortran)||defined(f2cFortran)||defined(hpuxFortran)||defined(apolloFortran)||defined(sunFortran)||defined(IBMR2Fortran)||defined(CRAYFortran)) #if !(defined(mipsFortran)||defined(DECFortran)||defined(vmsFortran)||defined(CONVEXFortran)||defined(PowerStationFortran)||defined(AbsoftUNIXFortran)||defined(AbsoftProFortran)||defined(SXFortran)) /* If your compiler barfs on ' #error', replace # with the trigraph for # */ #error "cfortran.h: Can't find your environment among:\ - GNU gcc (g77) on Linux. \ - MIPS cc and f77 2.0. (e.g. Silicon Graphics, DECstations, ...) \ - IBM AIX XL C and FORTRAN Compiler/6000 Version 01.01.0000.0000 \ - VAX VMS CC 3.1 and FORTRAN 5.4. \ - Alpha VMS DEC C 1.3 and DEC FORTRAN 6.0. \ - Alpha OSF DEC C and DEC Fortran for OSF/1 AXP Version 1.2 \ - Apollo DomainOS 10.2 (sys5.3) with f77 10.7 and cc 6.7. \ - CRAY \ - NEC SX-4 SUPER-UX \ - CONVEX \ - Sun \ - PowerStation Fortran with Visual C++ \ - HP9000s300/s700/s800 Latest test with: HP-UX A.08.07 A 9000/730 \ - LynxOS: cc or gcc with f2c. \ - VAXUltrix: vcc,cc or gcc with f2c. gcc or cc with f77. \ - f77 with vcc works; but missing link magic for f77 I/O. \ - NO fort. None of gcc, cc or vcc generate required names.\ - f2c/g77: Use #define f2cFortran, or cc -Df2cFortran \ - gfortran: Use #define gFortran, or cc -DgFortran \ (also necessary for g77 with -fno-f2c option) \ - NAG f90: Use #define NAGf90Fortran, or cc -DNAGf90Fortran \ - Absoft UNIX F77: Use #define AbsoftUNIXFortran or cc -DAbsoftUNIXFortran \ - Absoft Pro Fortran: Use #define AbsoftProFortran \ - Portland Group Fortran: Use #define pgiFortran \ - Intel Fortran: Use #define INTEL_COMPILER" /* Compiler must throw us out at this point! */ #endif #endif #if defined(VAXC) && !defined(__VAXC) #define OLD_VAXC #pragma nostandard /* Prevent %CC-I-PARAMNOTUSED. */ #endif /* Throughout cfortran.h we use: UN = Uppercase Name. LN = Lowercase Name. */ /* "extname" changed to "appendus" below (CFITSIO) */ #if defined(f2cFortran) || defined(NAGf90Fortran) || defined(DECFortran) || defined(mipsFortran) || defined(apolloFortran) || defined(sunFortran) || defined(CONVEXFortran) || defined(SXFortran) || defined(appendus) #define CFC_(UN,LN) _(LN,_) /* Lowercase FORTRAN symbols. */ #define orig_fcallsc(UN,LN) CFC_(UN,LN) #else #if defined(CRAYFortran) || defined(PowerStationFortran) || defined(AbsoftProFortran) #ifdef _CRAY /* (UN), not UN, circumvents CRAY preprocessor bug. */ #define CFC_(UN,LN) (UN) /* Uppercase FORTRAN symbols. */ #else /* At least VISUAL_CPLUSPLUS barfs on (UN), so need UN. */ #define CFC_(UN,LN) UN /* Uppercase FORTRAN symbols. */ #endif #define orig_fcallsc(UN,LN) CFC_(UN,LN) /* CRAY insists on arg.'s here. */ #else /* For following machines one may wish to change the fcallsc default. */ #define CF_SAME_NAMESPACE #ifdef vmsFortran #define CFC_(UN,LN) LN /* Either case FORTRAN symbols. */ /* BUT we usually use UN for C macro to FORTRAN routines, so use LN here,*/ /* because VAX/VMS doesn't do recursive macros. */ #define orig_fcallsc(UN,LN) UN #else /* HP-UX without +ppu or IBMR2 without -qextname. NOT reccomended. */ #define CFC_(UN,LN) LN /* Lowercase FORTRAN symbols. */ #define orig_fcallsc(UN,LN) CFC_(UN,LN) #endif /* vmsFortran */ #endif /* CRAYFortran PowerStationFortran */ #endif /* ....Fortran */ #define fcallsc(UN,LN) orig_fcallsc(UN,LN) #define preface_fcallsc(P,p,UN,LN) CFC_(_(P,UN),_(p,LN)) #define append_fcallsc(P,p,UN,LN) CFC_(_(UN,P),_(LN,p)) #define C_FUNCTION(UN,LN) fcallsc(UN,LN) #define FORTRAN_FUNCTION(UN,LN) CFC_(UN,LN) #ifndef COMMON_BLOCK #ifndef CONVEXFortran #ifndef CLIPPERFortran #if !(defined(AbsoftUNIXFortran)||defined(AbsoftProFortran)) #define COMMON_BLOCK(UN,LN) CFC_(UN,LN) #else #define COMMON_BLOCK(UN,LN) _(_C,LN) #endif /* AbsoftUNIXFortran or AbsoftProFortran */ #else #define COMMON_BLOCK(UN,LN) _(LN,__) #endif /* CLIPPERFortran */ #else #define COMMON_BLOCK(UN,LN) _3(_,LN,_) #endif /* CONVEXFortran */ #endif /* COMMON_BLOCK */ #ifndef DOUBLE_PRECISION #if defined(CRAYFortran) && !defined(_CRAYT3E) #define DOUBLE_PRECISION long double #else #define DOUBLE_PRECISION double #endif #endif #ifndef FORTRAN_REAL #if defined(CRAYFortran) && defined(_CRAYT3E) #define FORTRAN_REAL double #else #define FORTRAN_REAL float #endif #endif #ifdef CRAYFortran #ifdef _CRAY #include #else #include "fortran.h" /* i.e. if crosscompiling assume user has file. */ #endif #define FLOATVVVVVVV_cfPP (FORTRAN_REAL *) /* Used for C calls FORTRAN. */ /* CRAY's double==float but CRAY says pointers to doubles and floats are diff.*/ #define VOIDP (void *) /* When FORTRAN calls C, we don't know if C routine arg.'s have been declared float *, or double *. */ #else #define FLOATVVVVVVV_cfPP #define VOIDP #endif #ifdef vmsFortran #if defined(vms) || defined(__vms) #include #else #include "descrip.h" /* i.e. if crosscompiling assume user has file. */ #endif #endif #ifdef sunFortran #if defined(sun) || defined(__sun) #include /* Sun's FLOATFUNCTIONTYPE, ASSIGNFLOAT, RETURNFLOAT. */ #else #include "math.h" /* i.e. if crosscompiling assume user has file. */ #endif /* At least starting with the default C compiler SC3.0.1 of SunOS 5.3, * FLOATFUNCTIONTYPE, ASSIGNFLOAT, RETURNFLOAT are not required and not in * , since sun C no longer promotes C float return values to doubles. * Therefore, only use them if defined. * Even if gcc is being used, assume that it exhibits the Sun C compiler * behavior in order to be able to use *.o from the Sun C compiler. * i.e. If FLOATFUNCTIONTYPE, etc. are in math.h, they required by gcc. */ #endif #ifndef apolloFortran #define COMMON_BLOCK_DEF(DEFINITION, NAME) extern DEFINITION NAME #define CF_NULL_PROTO #else /* HP doesn't understand #elif. */ /* Without ANSI prototyping, Apollo promotes float functions to double. */ /* Note that VAX/VMS, IBM, Mips choke on 'type function(...);' prototypes. */ #define CF_NULL_PROTO ... #ifndef __CF__APOLLO67 #define COMMON_BLOCK_DEF(DEFINITION, NAME) \ DEFINITION NAME __attribute((__section(NAME))) #else #define COMMON_BLOCK_DEF(DEFINITION, NAME) \ DEFINITION NAME #attribute[section(NAME)] #endif #endif #ifdef __cplusplus #undef CF_NULL_PROTO #define CF_NULL_PROTO ... #endif #ifndef USE_NEW_DELETE #ifdef __cplusplus #define USE_NEW_DELETE 1 #else #define USE_NEW_DELETE 0 #endif #endif #if USE_NEW_DELETE #define _cf_malloc(N) new char[N] #define _cf_free(P) delete[] P #else #define _cf_malloc(N) (char *)malloc(N) #define _cf_free(P) free(P) #endif #ifdef mipsFortran #define CF_DECLARE_GETARG int f77argc; char **f77argv #define CF_SET_GETARG(ARGC,ARGV) f77argc = ARGC; f77argv = ARGV #else #define CF_DECLARE_GETARG #define CF_SET_GETARG(ARGC,ARGV) #endif #ifdef OLD_VAXC /* Allow %CC-I-PARAMNOTUSED. */ #pragma standard #endif #define AcfCOMMA , #define AcfCOLON ; /* Use CF_STRLENTYPE = size_t for all Fortran newer than GNU version 7.x. Apple clang identifies itself as GNUC=4, but we want it to use size_t too. Note that 2 assumptions are in play here: 1) Aside from clang, the C version (GNUC) also represents the version of Fortran being used! 2) No one is pairing clang with gfortran older than v8.x anymore. */ #if (defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)) && __GNUC__ < 8 #define CF_STRLENTYPE unsigned #else #define CF_STRLENTYPE size_t #endif /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* UTILITIES USED WITHIN CFORTRAN.H */ #define _cfMIN(A,B) (As) { /* Need this to handle NULL string.*/ while (e>s && *--e==t) {;} /* Don't follow t's past beginning. */ e[*e==t?0:1] = '\0'; /* Handle s[0]=t correctly. */ } return s; } /* kill_trailingn(s,t,e) will kill the trailing t's in string s. e normally points to the terminating '\0' of s, but may actually point to anywhere in s. s's new '\0' will be placed at e or earlier in order to remove any trailing t's. If es) { /* Watch out for neg. length string.*/ while (e>s && *--e==t){;} /* Don't follow t's past beginning. */ e[*e==t?0:1] = '\0'; /* Handle s[0]=t correctly. */ } return s; } /* Note the following assumes that any element which has t's to be chopped off, does indeed fill the entire element. */ #ifndef __CF__KnR static char *vkill_trailing(char* cstr, int elem_len, int sizeofcstr, char t) #else static char *vkill_trailing( cstr, elem_len, sizeofcstr, t) char* cstr; int elem_len; int sizeofcstr; char t; #endif { int i; for (i=0; i= 4.3 gives message: zow35> cc -c -DDECFortran cfortest.c cfe: Fatal: Out of memory: cfortest.c zow35> Old __hpux had the problem, but new 'HP-UX A.09.03 A 9000/735' is fine if using -Aa, otherwise we have a problem. */ #ifndef MAX_PREPRO_ARGS #if !defined(__GNUC__) && (defined(VAXUltrix) || defined(__CF__APOLLO67) || (defined(sun)&&!defined(__sun)) || defined(_CRAY) || defined(__ultrix__) || (defined(__hpux)&&defined(__CF__KnR))) #define MAX_PREPRO_ARGS 31 #else #define MAX_PREPRO_ARGS 99 #endif #endif #if defined(AbsoftUNIXFortran) || defined(AbsoftProFortran) /* In addition to explicit Absoft stuff, only Absoft requires: - DEFAULT coming from _cfSTR. DEFAULT could have been called e.g. INT, but keep it for clarity. - M term in CFARGT14 and CFARGT14FS. */ #define ABSOFT_cf1(T0) _(T0,_cfSTR)(0,ABSOFT1,0,0,0,0,0) #define ABSOFT_cf2(T0) _(T0,_cfSTR)(0,ABSOFT2,0,0,0,0,0) #define ABSOFT_cf3(T0) _(T0,_cfSTR)(0,ABSOFT3,0,0,0,0,0) #define DEFAULT_cfABSOFT1 #define LOGICAL_cfABSOFT1 #define STRING_cfABSOFT1 ,MAX_LEN_FORTRAN_FUNCTION_STRING #define DEFAULT_cfABSOFT2 #define LOGICAL_cfABSOFT2 #define STRING_cfABSOFT2 ,unsigned D0 #define DEFAULT_cfABSOFT3 #define LOGICAL_cfABSOFT3 #define STRING_cfABSOFT3 ,D0 #else #define ABSOFT_cf1(T0) #define ABSOFT_cf2(T0) #define ABSOFT_cf3(T0) #endif /* _Z introduced to cicumvent IBM and HP silly preprocessor warning. e.g. "Macro CFARGT14 invoked with a null argument." */ #define _Z #define CFARGT14S(S,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ S(T1,1) S(T2,2) S(T3,3) S(T4,4) S(T5,5) S(T6,6) S(T7,7) \ S(T8,8) S(T9,9) S(TA,10) S(TB,11) S(TC,12) S(TD,13) S(TE,14) #define CFARGT27S(S,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) \ S(T1,1) S(T2,2) S(T3,3) S(T4,4) S(T5,5) S(T6,6) S(T7,7) \ S(T8,8) S(T9,9) S(TA,10) S(TB,11) S(TC,12) S(TD,13) S(TE,14) \ S(TF,15) S(TG,16) S(TH,17) S(TI,18) S(TJ,19) S(TK,20) S(TL,21) \ S(TM,22) S(TN,23) S(TO,24) S(TP,25) S(TQ,26) S(TR,27) #define CFARGT14FS(F,S,M,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ F(T1,1,0) F(T2,2,1) F(T3,3,1) F(T4,4,1) F(T5,5,1) F(T6,6,1) F(T7,7,1) \ F(T8,8,1) F(T9,9,1) F(TA,10,1) F(TB,11,1) F(TC,12,1) F(TD,13,1) F(TE,14,1) \ M CFARGT14S(S,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) #define CFARGT27FS(F,S,M,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) \ F(T1,1,0) F(T2,2,1) F(T3,3,1) F(T4,4,1) F(T5,5,1) F(T6,6,1) F(T7,7,1) \ F(T8,8,1) F(T9,9,1) F(TA,10,1) F(TB,11,1) F(TC,12,1) F(TD,13,1) F(TE,14,1) \ F(TF,15,1) F(TG,16,1) F(TH,17,1) F(TI,18,1) F(TJ,19,1) F(TK,20,1) F(TL,21,1) \ F(TM,22,1) F(TN,23,1) F(TO,24,1) F(TP,25,1) F(TQ,26,1) F(TR,27,1) \ M CFARGT27S(S,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) #if !(defined(PowerStationFortran)||defined(hpuxFortran800)) /* Old CFARGT14 -> CFARGT14FS as seen below, for Absoft cross-compile yields: SunOS> cc -c -Xa -DAbsoftUNIXFortran c.c "c.c", line 406: warning: argument mismatch Haven't checked if this is ANSI C or a SunOS bug. SunOS -Xs works ok. Behavior is most clearly seen in example: #define A 1 , 2 #define C(X,Y,Z) x=X. y=Y. z=Z. #define D(X,Y,Z) C(X,Y,Z) D(x,A,z) Output from preprocessor is: x = x . y = 1 . z = 2 . #define CFARGT14(F,S,M,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ CFARGT14FS(F,S,M,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) */ #define CFARGT14(F,S,M,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ F(T1,1,0) F(T2,2,1) F(T3,3,1) F(T4,4,1) F(T5,5,1) F(T6,6,1) F(T7,7,1) \ F(T8,8,1) F(T9,9,1) F(TA,10,1) F(TB,11,1) F(TC,12,1) F(TD,13,1) F(TE,14,1) \ M CFARGT14S(S,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) #define CFARGT27(F,S,M,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) \ F(T1,1,0) F(T2,2,1) F(T3,3,1) F(T4,4,1) F(T5,5,1) F(T6,6,1) F(T7,7,1) \ F(T8,8,1) F(T9,9,1) F(TA,10,1) F(TB,11,1) F(TC,12,1) F(TD,13,1) F(TE,14,1) \ F(TF,15,1) F(TG,16,1) F(TH,17,1) F(TI,18,1) F(TJ,19,1) F(TK,20,1) F(TL,21,1) \ F(TM,22,1) F(TN,23,1) F(TO,24,1) F(TP,25,1) F(TQ,26,1) F(TR,27,1) \ M CFARGT27S(S,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) #define CFARGT20(F,S,M,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK) \ F(T1,1,0) F(T2,2,1) F(T3,3,1) F(T4,4,1) F(T5,5,1) F(T6,6,1) F(T7,7,1) \ F(T8,8,1) F(T9,9,1) F(TA,10,1) F(TB,11,1) F(TC,12,1) F(TD,13,1) F(TE,14,1) \ F(TF,15,1) F(TG,16,1) F(TH,17,1) F(TI,18,1) F(TJ,19,1) F(TK,20,1) \ S(T1,1) S(T2,2) S(T3,3) S(T4,4) S(T5,5) S(T6,6) S(T7,7) \ S(T8,8) S(T9,9) S(TA,10) S(TB,11) S(TC,12) S(TD,13) S(TE,14) \ S(TF,15) S(TG,16) S(TH,17) S(TI,18) S(TJ,19) S(TK,20) #define CFARGTA14(F,S,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE) \ F(T1,A1,1,0) F(T2,A2,2,1) F(T3,A3,3,1) F(T4,A4,4,1) F(T5,A5,5,1) F(T6,A6,6,1) \ F(T7,A7,7,1) F(T8,A8,8,1) F(T9,A9,9,1) F(TA,AA,10,1) F(TB,AB,11,1) F(TC,AC,12,1) \ F(TD,AD,13,1) F(TE,AE,14,1) S(T1,1) S(T2,2) S(T3,3) S(T4,4) \ S(T5,5) S(T6,6) S(T7,7) S(T8,8) S(T9,9) S(TA,10) \ S(TB,11) S(TC,12) S(TD,13) S(TE,14) #if MAX_PREPRO_ARGS>31 #define CFARGTA20(F,S,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK) \ F(T1,A1,1,0) F(T2,A2,2,1) F(T3,A3,3,1) F(T4,A4,4,1) F(T5,A5,5,1) F(T6,A6,6,1) \ F(T7,A7,7,1) F(T8,A8,8,1) F(T9,A9,9,1) F(TA,AA,10,1) F(TB,AB,11,1) F(TC,AC,12,1) \ F(TD,AD,13,1) F(TE,AE,14,1) F(TF,AF,15,1) F(TG,AG,16,1) F(TH,AH,17,1) F(TI,AI,18,1) \ F(TJ,AJ,19,1) F(TK,AK,20,1) S(T1,1) S(T2,2) S(T3,3) S(T4,4) \ S(T5,5) S(T6,6) S(T7,7) S(T8,8) S(T9,9) S(TA,10) \ S(TB,11) S(TC,12) S(TD,13) S(TE,14) S(TF,15) S(TG,16) \ S(TH,17) S(TI,18) S(TJ,19) S(TK,20) #define CFARGTA27(F,S,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,AN,AO,AP,AQ,AR) \ F(T1,A1,1,0) F(T2,A2,2,1) F(T3,A3,3,1) F(T4,A4,4,1) F(T5,A5,5,1) F(T6,A6,6,1) \ F(T7,A7,7,1) F(T8,A8,8,1) F(T9,A9,9,1) F(TA,AA,10,1) F(TB,AB,11,1) F(TC,AC,12,1) \ F(TD,AD,13,1) F(TE,AE,14,1) F(TF,AF,15,1) F(TG,AG,16,1) F(TH,AH,17,1) F(TI,AI,18,1) \ F(TJ,AJ,19,1) F(TK,AK,20,1) F(TL,AL,21,1) F(TM,AM,22,1) F(TN,AN,23,1) F(TO,AO,24,1) \ F(TP,AP,25,1) F(TQ,AQ,26,1) F(TR,AR,27,1) S(T1,1) S(T2,2) S(T3,3) \ S(T4,4) S(T5,5) S(T6,6) S(T7,7) S(T8,8) S(T9,9) \ S(TA,10) S(TB,11) S(TC,12) S(TD,13) S(TE,14) S(TF,15) \ S(TG,16) S(TH,17) S(TI,18) S(TJ,19) S(TK,20) S(TL,21) \ S(TM,22) S(TN,23) S(TO,24) S(TP,25) S(TQ,26) S(TR,27) #endif #else #define CFARGT14(F,S,M,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ F(T1,1,0) S(T1,1) F(T2,2,1) S(T2,2) F(T3,3,1) S(T3,3) F(T4,4,1) S(T4,4) \ F(T5,5,1) S(T5,5) F(T6,6,1) S(T6,6) F(T7,7,1) S(T7,7) F(T8,8,1) S(T8,8) \ F(T9,9,1) S(T9,9) F(TA,10,1) S(TA,10) F(TB,11,1) S(TB,11) F(TC,12,1) S(TC,12) \ F(TD,13,1) S(TD,13) F(TE,14,1) S(TE,14) #define CFARGT27(F,S,M,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) \ F(T1,1,0) S(T1,1) F(T2,2,1) S(T2,2) F(T3,3,1) S(T3,3) F(T4,4,1) S(T4,4) \ F(T5,5,1) S(T5,5) F(T6,6,1) S(T6,6) F(T7,7,1) S(T7,7) F(T8,8,1) S(T8,8) \ F(T9,9,1) S(T9,9) F(TA,10,1) S(TA,10) F(TB,11,1) S(TB,11) F(TC,12,1) S(TC,12) \ F(TD,13,1) S(TD,13) F(TE,14,1) S(TE,14) F(TF,15,1) S(TF,15) F(TG,16,1) S(TG,16) \ F(TH,17,1) S(TH,17) F(TI,18,1) S(TI,18) F(TJ,19,1) S(TJ,19) F(TK,20,1) S(TK,20) \ F(TL,21,1) S(TL,21) F(TM,22,1) S(TM,22) F(TN,23,1) S(TN,23) F(TO,24,1) S(TO,24) \ F(TP,25,1) S(TP,25) F(TQ,26,1) S(TQ,26) F(TR,27,1) S(TR,27) #define CFARGT20(F,S,M,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK) \ F(T1,1,0) S(T1,1) F(T2,2,1) S(T2,2) F(T3,3,1) S(T3,3) F(T4,4,1) S(T4,4) \ F(T5,5,1) S(T5,5) F(T6,6,1) S(T6,6) F(T7,7,1) S(T7,7) F(T8,8,1) S(T8,8) \ F(T9,9,1) S(T9,9) F(TA,10,1) S(TA,10) F(TB,11,1) S(TB,11) F(TC,12,1) S(TC,12) \ F(TD,13,1) S(TD,13) F(TE,14,1) S(TE,14) F(TF,15,1) S(TF,15) F(TG,16,1) S(TG,16) \ F(TH,17,1) S(TH,17) F(TI,18,1) S(TI,18) F(TJ,19,1) S(TJ,19) F(TK,20,1) S(TK,20) #define CFARGTA14(F,S,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE) \ F(T1,A1,1,0) S(T1,1) F(T2,A2,2,1) S(T2,2) F(T3,A3,3,1) S(T3,3) \ F(T4,A4,4,1) S(T4,4) F(T5,A5,5,1) S(T5,5) F(T6,A6,6,1) S(T6,6) \ F(T7,A7,7,1) S(T7,7) F(T8,A8,8,1) S(T8,8) F(T9,A9,9,1) S(T9,9) \ F(TA,AA,10,1) S(TA,10) F(TB,AB,11,1) S(TB,11) F(TC,AC,12,1) S(TC,12) \ F(TD,AD,13,1) S(TD,13) F(TE,AE,14,1) S(TE,14) #if MAX_PREPRO_ARGS>31 #define CFARGTA20(F,S,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK) \ F(T1,A1,1,0) S(T1,1) F(T2,A2,2,1) S(T2,2) F(T3,A3,3,1) S(T3,3) \ F(T4,A4,4,1) S(T4,4) F(T5,A5,5,1) S(T5,5) F(T6,A6,6,1) S(T6,6) \ F(T7,A7,7,1) S(T7,7) F(T8,A8,8,1) S(T8,8) F(T9,A9,9,1) S(T9,9) \ F(TA,AA,10,1) S(TA,10) F(TB,AB,11,1) S(TB,11) F(TC,AC,12,1) S(TC,12) \ F(TD,AD,13,1) S(TD,13) F(TE,AE,14,1) S(TE,14) F(TF,AF,15,1) S(TF,15) \ F(TG,AG,16,1) S(TG,16) F(TH,AH,17,1) S(TH,17) F(TI,AI,18,1) S(TI,18) \ F(TJ,AJ,19,1) S(TJ,19) F(TK,AK,20,1) S(TK,20) #define CFARGTA27(F,S,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,AN,AO,AP,AQ,AR) \ F(T1,A1,1,0) S(T1,1) F(T2,A2,2,1) S(T2,2) F(T3,A3,3,1) S(T3,3) \ F(T4,A4,4,1) S(T4,4) F(T5,A5,5,1) S(T5,5) F(T6,A6,6,1) S(T6,6) \ F(T7,A7,7,1) S(T7,7) F(T8,A8,8,1) S(T8,8) F(T9,A9,9,1) S(T9,9) \ F(TA,AA,10,1) S(TA,10) F(TB,AB,11,1) S(TB,11) F(TC,AC,12,1) S(TC,12) \ F(TD,AD,13,1) S(TD,13) F(TE,AE,14,1) S(TE,14) F(TF,AF,15,1) S(TF,15) \ F(TG,AG,16,1) S(TG,16) F(TH,AH,17,1) S(TH,17) F(TI,AI,18,1) S(TI,18) \ F(TJ,AJ,19,1) S(TJ,19) F(TK,AK,20,1) S(TK,20) F(TL,AL,21,1) S(TL,21) \ F(TM,AM,22,1) S(TM,22) F(TN,AN,23,1) S(TN,23) F(TO,AO,24,1) S(TO,24) \ F(TP,AP,25,1) S(TP,25) F(TQ,AQ,26,1) S(TQ,26) F(TR,AR,27,1) S(TR,27) #endif #endif #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB1( UN,LN,T1) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB2( UN,LN,T1,T2) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB3( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB4( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB5( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB6( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB7( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB8( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB9( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB10(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB11(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB12(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB13(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB15(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB16(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB17(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB18(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB19(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB21(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB22(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB23(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB24(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB25(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB26(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,CF_0) #ifndef FCALLSC_QUALIFIER #ifdef VISUAL_CPLUSPLUS #define FCALLSC_QUALIFIER __stdcall #else #define FCALLSC_QUALIFIER #endif #endif #ifdef __cplusplus #define CFextern extern "C" #else #define CFextern extern #endif #ifdef CFSUBASFUN #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB0(UN,LN) \ PROTOCCALLSFFUN0( VOID,UN,LN) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ PROTOCCALLSFFUN14(VOID,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK)\ PROTOCCALLSFFUN20(VOID,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR)\ PROTOCCALLSFFUN27(VOID,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) #else /* Note: Prevent compiler warnings, null #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB14/20 after #include-ing cfortran.h if calling the FORTRAN wrapper within the same source code where the wrapper is created. */ #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB0(UN,LN) _(VOID,_cfPU)(CFC_(UN,LN))(); #ifndef __CF__KnR #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ _(VOID,_cfPU)(CFC_(UN,LN))( CFARGT14(NCF,KCF,_Z,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) ); #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK)\ _(VOID,_cfPU)(CFC_(UN,LN))( CFARGT20(NCF,KCF,_Z,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK) ); #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR)\ _(VOID,_cfPU)(CFC_(UN,LN))( CFARGT27(NCF,KCF,_Z,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) ); #else #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB0(UN,LN) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB0(UN,LN) #define PROTOCCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB0(UN,LN) #endif #endif #ifdef OLD_VAXC /* Allow %CC-I-PARAMNOTUSED. */ #pragma standard #endif #define CCALLSFSUB1( UN,LN,T1, A1) \ CCALLSFSUB5 (UN,LN,T1,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,0,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB2( UN,LN,T1,T2, A1,A2) \ CCALLSFSUB5 (UN,LN,T1,T2,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB3( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3, A1,A2,A3) \ CCALLSFSUB5 (UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB4( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4, A1,A2,A3,A4)\ CCALLSFSUB5 (UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,0) #define CCALLSFSUB5( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5, A1,A2,A3,A4,A5) \ CCALLSFSUB10(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,0,0,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB6( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6, A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6) \ CCALLSFSUB10(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,0,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB7( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7, A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7) \ CCALLSFSUB10(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB8( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8, A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8) \ CCALLSFSUB10(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB9( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9)\ CCALLSFSUB10(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,0) #define CCALLSFSUB10(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA)\ CCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,0,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB11(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB)\ CCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB12(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC)\ CCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB13(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD)\ CCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,0) #ifdef __cplusplus #define CPPPROTOCLSFSUB0( UN,LN) #define CPPPROTOCLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) #define CPPPROTOCLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK) #define CPPPROTOCLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) #else #define CPPPROTOCLSFSUB0(UN,LN) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB0(UN,LN) #define CPPPROTOCLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) #define CPPPROTOCLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK) #define CPPPROTOCLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) \ PROTOCCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) #endif #ifdef CFSUBASFUN #define CCALLSFSUB0(UN,LN) CCALLSFFUN0(UN,LN) #define CCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE)\ CCALLSFFUN14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE) #else /* do{...}while(0) allows if(a==b) FORT(); else BORT(); */ #define CCALLSFSUB0( UN,LN) do{CPPPROTOCLSFSUB0(UN,LN) CFC_(UN,LN)();}while(0) #define CCALLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE)\ do{VVCF(T1,A1,B1) VVCF(T2,A2,B2) VVCF(T3,A3,B3) VVCF(T4,A4,B4) VVCF(T5,A5,B5) \ VVCF(T6,A6,B6) VVCF(T7,A7,B7) VVCF(T8,A8,B8) VVCF(T9,A9,B9) VVCF(TA,AA,B10) \ VVCF(TB,AB,B11) VVCF(TC,AC,B12) VVCF(TD,AD,B13) VVCF(TE,AE,B14) \ CPPPROTOCLSFSUB14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ ACF(LN,T1,A1,1) ACF(LN,T2,A2,2) ACF(LN,T3,A3,3) \ ACF(LN,T4,A4,4) ACF(LN,T5,A5,5) ACF(LN,T6,A6,6) ACF(LN,T7,A7,7) \ ACF(LN,T8,A8,8) ACF(LN,T9,A9,9) ACF(LN,TA,AA,10) ACF(LN,TB,AB,11) \ ACF(LN,TC,AC,12) ACF(LN,TD,AD,13) ACF(LN,TE,AE,14) \ CFC_(UN,LN)( CFARGTA14(AACF,JCF,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE) );\ WCF(T1,A1,1) WCF(T2,A2,2) WCF(T3,A3,3) WCF(T4,A4,4) WCF(T5,A5,5) \ WCF(T6,A6,6) WCF(T7,A7,7) WCF(T8,A8,8) WCF(T9,A9,9) WCF(TA,AA,10) \ WCF(TB,AB,11) WCF(TC,AC,12) WCF(TD,AD,13) WCF(TE,AE,14) }while(0) #endif #if MAX_PREPRO_ARGS>31 #define CCALLSFSUB15(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF)\ CCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,0,0,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB16(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG)\ CCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,0,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB17(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH)\ CCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB18(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI)\ CCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB19(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ)\ CCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,0) #ifdef CFSUBASFUN #define CCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH, \ TI,TJ,TK, A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK) \ CCALLSFFUN20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH, \ TI,TJ,TK, A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK) #else #define CCALLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH, \ TI,TJ,TK, A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK) \ do{VVCF(T1,A1,B1) VVCF(T2,A2,B2) VVCF(T3,A3,B3) VVCF(T4,A4,B4) VVCF(T5,A5,B5) \ VVCF(T6,A6,B6) VVCF(T7,A7,B7) VVCF(T8,A8,B8) VVCF(T9,A9,B9) VVCF(TA,AA,B10) \ VVCF(TB,AB,B11) VVCF(TC,AC,B12) VVCF(TD,AD,B13) VVCF(TE,AE,B14) VVCF(TF,AF,B15) \ VVCF(TG,AG,B16) VVCF(TH,AH,B17) VVCF(TI,AI,B18) VVCF(TJ,AJ,B19) VVCF(TK,AK,B20) \ CPPPROTOCLSFSUB20(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK) \ ACF(LN,T1,A1,1) ACF(LN,T2,A2,2) ACF(LN,T3,A3,3) ACF(LN,T4,A4,4) \ ACF(LN,T5,A5,5) ACF(LN,T6,A6,6) ACF(LN,T7,A7,7) ACF(LN,T8,A8,8) \ ACF(LN,T9,A9,9) ACF(LN,TA,AA,10) ACF(LN,TB,AB,11) ACF(LN,TC,AC,12) \ ACF(LN,TD,AD,13) ACF(LN,TE,AE,14) ACF(LN,TF,AF,15) ACF(LN,TG,AG,16) \ ACF(LN,TH,AH,17) ACF(LN,TI,AI,18) ACF(LN,TJ,AJ,19) ACF(LN,TK,AK,20) \ CFC_(UN,LN)( CFARGTA20(AACF,JCF,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK) ); \ WCF(T1,A1,1) WCF(T2,A2,2) WCF(T3,A3,3) WCF(T4,A4,4) WCF(T5,A5,5) WCF(T6,A6,6) \ WCF(T7,A7,7) WCF(T8,A8,8) WCF(T9,A9,9) WCF(TA,AA,10) WCF(TB,AB,11) WCF(TC,AC,12) \ WCF(TD,AD,13) WCF(TE,AE,14) WCF(TF,AF,15) WCF(TG,AG,16) WCF(TH,AH,17) WCF(TI,AI,18) \ WCF(TJ,AJ,19) WCF(TK,AK,20) }while(0) #endif #endif /* MAX_PREPRO_ARGS */ #if MAX_PREPRO_ARGS>31 #define CCALLSFSUB21(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL)\ CCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,0,0,0,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB22(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM)\ CCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,0,0,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB23(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,AN)\ CCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,AN,0,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB24(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,AN,AO)\ CCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,AN,AO,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB25(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,AN,AO,AP)\ CCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,AN,AO,AP,0,0) #define CCALLSFSUB26(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,AN,AO,AP,AQ)\ CCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,AN,AO,AP,AQ,0) #ifdef CFSUBASFUN #define CCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR, \ A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,AN,AO,AP,AQ,AR) \ CCALLSFFUN27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR, \ A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,AN,AO,AP,AQ,AR) #else #define CCALLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR, \ A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,AN,AO,AP,AQ,AR) \ do{VVCF(T1,A1,B1) VVCF(T2,A2,B2) VVCF(T3,A3,B3) VVCF(T4,A4,B4) VVCF(T5,A5,B5) \ VVCF(T6,A6,B6) VVCF(T7,A7,B7) VVCF(T8,A8,B8) VVCF(T9,A9,B9) VVCF(TA,AA,B10) \ VVCF(TB,AB,B11) VVCF(TC,AC,B12) VVCF(TD,AD,B13) VVCF(TE,AE,B14) VVCF(TF,AF,B15) \ VVCF(TG,AG,B16) VVCF(TH,AH,B17) VVCF(TI,AI,B18) VVCF(TJ,AJ,B19) VVCF(TK,AK,B20) \ VVCF(TL,AL,B21) VVCF(TM,AM,B22) VVCF(TN,AN,B23) VVCF(TO,AO,B24) VVCF(TP,AP,B25) \ VVCF(TQ,AQ,B26) VVCF(TR,AR,B27) \ CPPPROTOCLSFSUB27(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) \ ACF(LN,T1,A1,1) ACF(LN,T2,A2,2) ACF(LN,T3,A3,3) ACF(LN,T4,A4,4) \ ACF(LN,T5,A5,5) ACF(LN,T6,A6,6) ACF(LN,T7,A7,7) ACF(LN,T8,A8,8) \ ACF(LN,T9,A9,9) ACF(LN,TA,AA,10) ACF(LN,TB,AB,11) ACF(LN,TC,AC,12) \ ACF(LN,TD,AD,13) ACF(LN,TE,AE,14) ACF(LN,TF,AF,15) ACF(LN,TG,AG,16) \ ACF(LN,TH,AH,17) ACF(LN,TI,AI,18) ACF(LN,TJ,AJ,19) ACF(LN,TK,AK,20) \ ACF(LN,TL,AL,21) ACF(LN,TM,AM,22) ACF(LN,TN,AN,23) ACF(LN,TO,AO,24) \ ACF(LN,TP,AP,25) ACF(LN,TQ,AQ,26) ACF(LN,TR,AR,27) \ CFC_(UN,LN)( CFARGTA27(AACF,JCF,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR,\ A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE,AF,AG,AH,AI,AJ,AK,AL,AM,AN,AO,AP,AQ,AR) ); \ WCF(T1,A1,1) WCF(T2,A2,2) WCF(T3,A3,3) WCF(T4,A4,4) WCF(T5,A5,5) WCF(T6,A6,6) \ WCF(T7,A7,7) WCF(T8,A8,8) WCF(T9,A9,9) WCF(TA,AA,10) WCF(TB,AB,11) WCF(TC,AC,12) \ WCF(TD,AD,13) WCF(TE,AE,14) WCF(TF,AF,15) WCF(TG,AG,16) WCF(TH,AH,17) WCF(TI,AI,18) \ WCF(TJ,AJ,19) WCF(TK,AK,20) WCF(TL,AL,21) WCF(TM,AM,22) WCF(TN,AN,23) WCF(TO,AO,24) \ WCF(TP,AP,25) WCF(TQ,AQ,26) WCF(TR,AR,27) }while(0) #endif #endif /* MAX_PREPRO_ARGS */ /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* UTILITIES FOR C TO CALL FORTRAN FUNCTIONS */ /*N.B. PROTOCCALLSFFUNn(..) generates code, whether or not the FORTRAN function is called. Therefore, especially for creator's of C header files for large FORTRAN libraries which include many functions, to reduce compile time and object code size, it may be desirable to create preprocessor directives to allow users to create code for only those functions which they use. */ /* The following defines the maximum length string that a function can return. Of course it may be undefine-d and re-define-d before individual PROTOCCALLSFFUNn(..) as required. It would also be nice to have this derived from the individual machines' limits. */ #define MAX_LEN_FORTRAN_FUNCTION_STRING 0x4FE /* The following defines a character used by CFORTRAN.H to flag the end of a string coming out of a FORTRAN routine. */ #define CFORTRAN_NON_CHAR 0x7F #ifdef OLD_VAXC /* Prevent %CC-I-PARAMNOTUSED. */ #pragma nostandard #endif #define _SEP_(TN,C,cfCOMMA) _(__SEP_,C)(TN,cfCOMMA) #define __SEP_0(TN,cfCOMMA) #define __SEP_1(TN,cfCOMMA) _Icf(2,SEP,TN,cfCOMMA,0) #define INT_cfSEP(T,B) _(A,B) #define INTV_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define INTVV_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define INTVVV_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define INTVVVV_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define INTVVVVV_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define INTVVVVVV_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define INTVVVVVVV_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define PINT_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define PVOID_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define ROUTINE_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define SIMPLE_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define VOID_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) /* For FORTRAN calls C subr.s.*/ #define STRING_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define STRINGV_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define PSTRING_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define PSTRINGV_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define PNSTRING_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define PPSTRING_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define ZTRINGV_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #define PZTRINGV_cfSEP(T,B) INT_cfSEP(T,B) #if defined(SIGNED_BYTE) || !defined(UNSIGNED_BYTE) #ifdef OLD_VAXC #define INTEGER_BYTE char /* Old VAXC barfs on 'signed char' */ #else #define INTEGER_BYTE signed char /* default */ #endif #else #define INTEGER_BYTE unsigned char #endif #define BYTEVVVVVVV_cfTYPE INTEGER_BYTE #define DOUBLEVVVVVVV_cfTYPE DOUBLE_PRECISION #define FLOATVVVVVVV_cfTYPE FORTRAN_REAL #define INTVVVVVVV_cfTYPE int #define LOGICALVVVVVVV_cfTYPE int #define LONGVVVVVVV_cfTYPE long #define LONGLONGVVVVVVV_cfTYPE LONGLONG /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define SHORTVVVVVVV_cfTYPE short #define PBYTE_cfTYPE INTEGER_BYTE #define PDOUBLE_cfTYPE DOUBLE_PRECISION #define PFLOAT_cfTYPE FORTRAN_REAL #define PINT_cfTYPE int #define PLOGICAL_cfTYPE int #define PLONG_cfTYPE long #define PLONGLONG_cfTYPE LONGLONG /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define PSHORT_cfTYPE short #define CFARGS0(A,T,V,W,X,Y,Z) _3(T,_cf,A) #define CFARGS1(A,T,V,W,X,Y,Z) _3(T,_cf,A)(V) #define CFARGS2(A,T,V,W,X,Y,Z) _3(T,_cf,A)(V,W) #define CFARGS3(A,T,V,W,X,Y,Z) _3(T,_cf,A)(V,W,X) #define CFARGS4(A,T,V,W,X,Y,Z) _3(T,_cf,A)(V,W,X,Y) #define CFARGS5(A,T,V,W,X,Y,Z) _3(T,_cf,A)(V,W,X,Y,Z) #define _Icf(N,T,I,X,Y) _(I,_cfINT)(N,T,I,X,Y,0) #define _Icf4(N,T,I,X,Y,Z) _(I,_cfINT)(N,T,I,X,Y,Z) #define BYTE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define DOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) _(CFARGS,N)(A,INT,B,X,Y,Z,0) #define FLOAT_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define INT_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LOGICAL_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LONG_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LONGLONG_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define SHORT_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define PBYTE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PDOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define PDOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) _(CFARGS,N)(A,PINT,B,X,Y,Z,0) #define PFLOAT_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PDOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define PINT_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PDOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define PLOGICAL_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PDOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define PLONG_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PDOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define PLONGLONG_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PDOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define PSHORT_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PDOUBLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define BYTEV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define BYTEVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define BYTEVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define BYTEVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define BYTEVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define BYTEVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define BYTEVVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define DOUBLEV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) _(CFARGS,N)(A,INTV,B,X,Y,Z,0) #define DOUBLEVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) _(CFARGS,N)(A,INTVV,B,X,Y,Z,0) #define DOUBLEVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) _(CFARGS,N)(A,INTVVV,B,X,Y,Z,0) #define DOUBLEVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) _(CFARGS,N)(A,INTVVVV,B,X,Y,Z,0) #define DOUBLEVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) _(CFARGS,N)(A,INTVVVVV,B,X,Y,Z,0) #define DOUBLEVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) _(CFARGS,N)(A,INTVVVVVV,B,X,Y,Z,0) #define DOUBLEVVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) _(CFARGS,N)(A,INTVVVVVVV,B,X,Y,Z,0) #define FLOATV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define FLOATVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define FLOATVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define FLOATVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define FLOATVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define FLOATVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define FLOATVVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define INTV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define INTVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define INTVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define INTVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define INTVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define INTVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define INTVVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LOGICALV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LOGICALVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LOGICALVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LOGICALVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LOGICALVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LOGICALVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LOGICALVVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LONGV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LONGVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LONGVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LONGVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LONGVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LONGVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LONGVVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define LONGLONGV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define SHORTV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define SHORTVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define SHORTVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define SHORTVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define SHORTVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define SHORTVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define SHORTVVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) DOUBLEVVVVVVV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define PVOID_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) _(CFARGS,N)(A,B,B,X,Y,Z,0) #define ROUTINE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PVOID_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) /*CRAY coughs on the first, i.e. the usual trouble of not being able to define macros to macros with arguments. New ultrix is worse, it coughs on all such uses. */ /*#define SIMPLE_cfINT PVOID_cfINT*/ #define SIMPLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PVOID_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define VOID_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PVOID_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define STRING_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PVOID_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define STRINGV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PVOID_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define PSTRING_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PVOID_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define PSTRINGV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PVOID_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define PNSTRING_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PVOID_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define PPSTRING_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PVOID_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define ZTRINGV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PVOID_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define PZTRINGV_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) PVOID_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define CF_0_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z) #define UCF(TN,I,C) _SEP_(TN,C,cfCOMMA) _Icf(2,U,TN,_(A,I),0) #define UUCF(TN,I,C) _SEP_(TN,C,cfCOMMA) _SEP_(TN,1,I) #define UUUCF(TN,I,C) _SEP_(TN,C,cfCOLON) _Icf(2,U,TN,_(A,I),0) #define INT_cfU(T,A) _(T,VVVVVVV_cfTYPE) A #define INTV_cfU(T,A) _(T,VVVVVV_cfTYPE) * A #define INTVV_cfU(T,A) _(T,VVVVV_cfTYPE) * A #define INTVVV_cfU(T,A) _(T,VVVV_cfTYPE) * A #define INTVVVV_cfU(T,A) _(T,VVV_cfTYPE) * A #define INTVVVVV_cfU(T,A) _(T,VV_cfTYPE) * A #define INTVVVVVV_cfU(T,A) _(T,V_cfTYPE) * A #define INTVVVVVVV_cfU(T,A) _(T,_cfTYPE) * A #define PINT_cfU(T,A) _(T,_cfTYPE) * A #define PVOID_cfU(T,A) void *A #define ROUTINE_cfU(T,A) void (*A)(CF_NULL_PROTO) #define VOID_cfU(T,A) void A /* Needed for C calls FORTRAN sub.s. */ #define STRING_cfU(T,A) char *A /* via VOID and wrapper. */ #define STRINGV_cfU(T,A) char *A #define PSTRING_cfU(T,A) char *A #define PSTRINGV_cfU(T,A) char *A #define ZTRINGV_cfU(T,A) char *A #define PZTRINGV_cfU(T,A) char *A /* VOID breaks U into U and UU. */ #define INT_cfUU(T,A) _(T,VVVVVVV_cfTYPE) A #define VOID_cfUU(T,A) /* Needed for FORTRAN calls C sub.s. */ #define STRING_cfUU(T,A) char *A #define BYTE_cfPU(A) CFextern INTEGER_BYTE FCALLSC_QUALIFIER A #define DOUBLE_cfPU(A) CFextern DOUBLE_PRECISION FCALLSC_QUALIFIER A #if ! (defined(FLOATFUNCTIONTYPE)&&defined(ASSIGNFLOAT)&&defined(RETURNFLOAT)) #if defined (f2cFortran) && ! defined (gFortran) /* f2c/g77 return double from FORTRAN REAL functions. (KMCCARTY, 2005/12/09) */ #define FLOAT_cfPU(A) CFextern DOUBLE_PRECISION FCALLSC_QUALIFIER A #else #define FLOAT_cfPU(A) CFextern FORTRAN_REAL FCALLSC_QUALIFIER A #endif #else #define FLOAT_cfPU(A) CFextern FLOATFUNCTIONTYPE FCALLSC_QUALIFIER A #endif #define INT_cfPU(A) CFextern int FCALLSC_QUALIFIER A #define LOGICAL_cfPU(A) CFextern int FCALLSC_QUALIFIER A #define LONG_cfPU(A) CFextern long FCALLSC_QUALIFIER A #define SHORT_cfPU(A) CFextern short FCALLSC_QUALIFIER A #define STRING_cfPU(A) CFextern void FCALLSC_QUALIFIER A #define VOID_cfPU(A) CFextern void FCALLSC_QUALIFIER A #define BYTE_cfE INTEGER_BYTE A0; #define DOUBLE_cfE DOUBLE_PRECISION A0; #if ! (defined(FLOATFUNCTIONTYPE)&&defined(ASSIGNFLOAT)&&defined(RETURNFLOAT)) #define FLOAT_cfE FORTRAN_REAL A0; #else #define FLOAT_cfE FORTRAN_REAL AA0; FLOATFUNCTIONTYPE A0; #endif #define INT_cfE int A0; #define LOGICAL_cfE int A0; #define LONG_cfE long A0; #define SHORT_cfE short A0; #define VOID_cfE #ifdef vmsFortran #define STRING_cfE static char AA0[1+MAX_LEN_FORTRAN_FUNCTION_STRING]; \ static fstring A0 = \ {MAX_LEN_FORTRAN_FUNCTION_STRING,DSC$K_DTYPE_T,DSC$K_CLASS_S,AA0};\ memset(AA0, CFORTRAN_NON_CHAR, MAX_LEN_FORTRAN_FUNCTION_STRING);\ *(AA0+MAX_LEN_FORTRAN_FUNCTION_STRING)='\0'; #else #ifdef CRAYFortran #define STRING_cfE static char AA0[1+MAX_LEN_FORTRAN_FUNCTION_STRING]; \ static _fcd A0; *(AA0+MAX_LEN_FORTRAN_FUNCTION_STRING)='\0';\ memset(AA0,CFORTRAN_NON_CHAR, MAX_LEN_FORTRAN_FUNCTION_STRING);\ A0 = _cptofcd(AA0,MAX_LEN_FORTRAN_FUNCTION_STRING); #else /* 'cc: SC3.0.1 13 Jul 1994' barfs on char A0[0x4FE+1]; * char A0[0x4FE +1]; char A0[1+0x4FE]; are both OK. */ #define STRING_cfE static char A0[1+MAX_LEN_FORTRAN_FUNCTION_STRING]; \ memset(A0, CFORTRAN_NON_CHAR, \ MAX_LEN_FORTRAN_FUNCTION_STRING); \ *(A0+MAX_LEN_FORTRAN_FUNCTION_STRING)='\0'; #endif #endif /* ESTRING must use static char. array which is guaranteed to exist after function returns. */ /* N.B.i) The diff. for 0 (Zero) and >=1 arguments. ii)That the following create an unmatched bracket, i.e. '(', which must of course be matched in the call. iii)Commas must be handled very carefully */ #define INT_cfGZ(T,UN,LN) A0=CFC_(UN,LN)( #define VOID_cfGZ(T,UN,LN) CFC_(UN,LN)( #ifdef vmsFortran #define STRING_cfGZ(T,UN,LN) CFC_(UN,LN)(&A0 #else #if defined(CRAYFortran) || defined(AbsoftUNIXFortran) || defined(AbsoftProFortran) #define STRING_cfGZ(T,UN,LN) CFC_(UN,LN)( A0 #else #define STRING_cfGZ(T,UN,LN) CFC_(UN,LN)( A0,MAX_LEN_FORTRAN_FUNCTION_STRING #endif #endif #define INT_cfG(T,UN,LN) INT_cfGZ(T,UN,LN) #define VOID_cfG(T,UN,LN) VOID_cfGZ(T,UN,LN) #define STRING_cfG(T,UN,LN) STRING_cfGZ(T,UN,LN), /*, is only diff. from _cfG*/ #define BYTEVVVVVVV_cfPP #define INTVVVVVVV_cfPP /* These complement FLOATVVVVVVV_cfPP. */ #define DOUBLEVVVVVVV_cfPP #define LOGICALVVVVVVV_cfPP #define LONGVVVVVVV_cfPP #define SHORTVVVVVVV_cfPP #define PBYTE_cfPP #define PINT_cfPP #define PDOUBLE_cfPP #define PLOGICAL_cfPP #define PLONG_cfPP #define PSHORT_cfPP #define PFLOAT_cfPP FLOATVVVVVVV_cfPP #define BCF(TN,AN,C) _SEP_(TN,C,cfCOMMA) _Icf(2,B,TN,AN,0) #define INT_cfB(T,A) (_(T,VVVVVVV_cfTYPE)) A #define INTV_cfB(T,A) A #define INTVV_cfB(T,A) (A)[0] #define INTVVV_cfB(T,A) (A)[0][0] #define INTVVVV_cfB(T,A) (A)[0][0][0] #define INTVVVVV_cfB(T,A) (A)[0][0][0][0] #define INTVVVVVV_cfB(T,A) (A)[0][0][0][0][0] #define INTVVVVVVV_cfB(T,A) (A)[0][0][0][0][0][0] #define PINT_cfB(T,A) _(T,_cfPP)&A #define STRING_cfB(T,A) (char *) A #define STRINGV_cfB(T,A) (char *) A #define PSTRING_cfB(T,A) (char *) A #define PSTRINGV_cfB(T,A) (char *) A #define PVOID_cfB(T,A) (void *) A #define ROUTINE_cfB(T,A) (cfCAST_FUNCTION)A #define ZTRINGV_cfB(T,A) (char *) A #define PZTRINGV_cfB(T,A) (char *) A #define SCF(TN,NAME,I,A) _(TN,_cfSTR)(3,S,NAME,I,A,0,0) #define DEFAULT_cfS(M,I,A) #define LOGICAL_cfS(M,I,A) #define PLOGICAL_cfS(M,I,A) #define STRING_cfS(M,I,A) ,sizeof(A) #define STRINGV_cfS(M,I,A) ,( (unsigned)0xFFFF*firstindexlength(A) \ +secondindexlength(A)) #define PSTRING_cfS(M,I,A) ,sizeof(A) #define PSTRINGV_cfS(M,I,A) STRINGV_cfS(M,I,A) #define ZTRINGV_cfS(M,I,A) #define PZTRINGV_cfS(M,I,A) #define HCF(TN,I) _(TN,_cfSTR)(3,H,cfCOMMA, H,_(C,I),0,0) #define HHCF(TN,I) _(TN,_cfSTR)(3,H,cfCOMMA,HH,_(C,I),0,0) #define HHHCF(TN,I) _(TN,_cfSTR)(3,H,cfCOLON, H,_(C,I),0,0) #define H_CF_SPECIAL CF_STRLENTYPE #define HH_CF_SPECIAL #define DEFAULT_cfH(M,I,A) #define LOGICAL_cfH(S,U,B) #define PLOGICAL_cfH(S,U,B) #define STRING_cfH(S,U,B) _(A,S) _(U,_CF_SPECIAL) B #define STRINGV_cfH(S,U,B) STRING_cfH(S,U,B) #define PSTRING_cfH(S,U,B) STRING_cfH(S,U,B) #define PSTRINGV_cfH(S,U,B) STRING_cfH(S,U,B) #define PNSTRING_cfH(S,U,B) STRING_cfH(S,U,B) #define PPSTRING_cfH(S,U,B) STRING_cfH(S,U,B) #define ZTRINGV_cfH(S,U,B) #define PZTRINGV_cfH(S,U,B) /* Need VOID_cfSTR because Absoft forced function types go through _cfSTR. */ /* No spaces inside expansion. They screws up macro catenation kludge. */ #define VOID_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define BYTE_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define DOUBLE_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define FLOAT_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define INT_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LOGICAL_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,LOGICAL,A,B,C,D,E) #define LONG_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LONGLONG_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define SHORT_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define BYTEV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define BYTEVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define BYTEVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define BYTEVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define BYTEVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define BYTEVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define BYTEVVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define DOUBLEV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define DOUBLEVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define DOUBLEVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define DOUBLEVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define DOUBLEVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define DOUBLEVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define DOUBLEVVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define FLOATV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define FLOATVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define FLOATVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define FLOATVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define FLOATVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define FLOATVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define FLOATVVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define INTV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define INTVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define INTVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define INTVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define INTVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define INTVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define INTVVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LOGICALV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LOGICALVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LOGICALVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LOGICALVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LOGICALVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LOGICALVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LOGICALVVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LONGV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LONGVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LONGVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LONGVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LONGVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LONGVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LONGVVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define LONGLONGV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define SHORTV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define SHORTVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define SHORTVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define SHORTVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define SHORTVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define SHORTVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define SHORTVVVVVVV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define PBYTE_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define PDOUBLE_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define PFLOAT_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define PINT_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define PLOGICAL_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,PLOGICAL,A,B,C,D,E) #define PLONG_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define PLONGLONG_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define PSHORT_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define STRING_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,STRING,A,B,C,D,E) #define PSTRING_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,PSTRING,A,B,C,D,E) #define STRINGV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,STRINGV,A,B,C,D,E) #define PSTRINGV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,PSTRINGV,A,B,C,D,E) #define PNSTRING_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,PNSTRING,A,B,C,D,E) #define PPSTRING_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,PPSTRING,A,B,C,D,E) #define PVOID_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define ROUTINE_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define SIMPLE_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,DEFAULT,A,B,C,D,E) #define ZTRINGV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,ZTRINGV,A,B,C,D,E) #define PZTRINGV_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) _(CFARGS,N)(T,PZTRINGV,A,B,C,D,E) #define CF_0_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) /* See ACF table comments, which explain why CCF was split into two. */ #define CCF(NAME,TN,I) _(TN,_cfSTR)(5,C,NAME,I,_(A,I),_(B,I),_(C,I)) #define DEFAULT_cfC(M,I,A,B,C) #define LOGICAL_cfC(M,I,A,B,C) A=C2FLOGICAL( A); #define PLOGICAL_cfC(M,I,A,B,C) *A=C2FLOGICAL(*A); #ifdef vmsFortran #define STRING_cfC(M,I,A,B,C) (B.clen=strlen(A),B.f.dsc$a_pointer=A, \ C==sizeof(char*)||C==(unsigned)(B.clen+1)?B.f.dsc$w_length=B.clen: \ (memset((A)+B.clen,' ',C-B.clen-1),A[B.f.dsc$w_length=C-1]='\0')); /* PSTRING_cfC to beware of array A which does not contain any \0. */ #define PSTRING_cfC(M,I,A,B,C) (B.dsc$a_pointer=A, C==sizeof(char*) ? \ B.dsc$w_length=strlen(A): (A[C-1]='\0',B.dsc$w_length=strlen(A), \ memset((A)+B.dsc$w_length,' ',C-B.dsc$w_length-1), B.dsc$w_length=C-1)); #else #define STRING_cfC(M,I,A,B,C) (B.nombre=A,B.clen=strlen(A), \ C==sizeof(char*)||C==(unsigned)(B.clen+1)?B.flen=B.clen: \ (memset(B.nombre+B.clen,' ',C-B.clen-1),B.nombre[B.flen=C-1]='\0')); #define PSTRING_cfC(M,I,A,B,C) (C==sizeof(char*)? B=strlen(A): \ (A[C-1]='\0',B=strlen(A),memset((A)+B,' ',C-B-1),B=C-1)); #endif /* For CRAYFortran for (P)STRINGV_cfC, B.fs is set, but irrelevant. */ #define STRINGV_cfC(M,I,A,B,C) \ AATRINGV_cfA( A,B,(C/0xFFFF)*(C%0xFFFF),C/0xFFFF,C%0xFFFF) #define PSTRINGV_cfC(M,I,A,B,C) \ APATRINGV_cfA( A,B,(C/0xFFFF)*(C%0xFFFF),C/0xFFFF,C%0xFFFF) #define ZTRINGV_cfC(M,I,A,B,C) \ AATRINGV_cfA( A,B, (_3(M,_ELEMS_,I))*((_3(M,_ELEMLEN_,I))+1), \ (_3(M,_ELEMS_,I)), (_3(M,_ELEMLEN_,I))+1 ) #define PZTRINGV_cfC(M,I,A,B,C) \ APATRINGV_cfA( A,B, (_3(M,_ELEMS_,I))*((_3(M,_ELEMLEN_,I))+1), \ (_3(M,_ELEMS_,I)), (_3(M,_ELEMLEN_,I))+1 ) #define BYTE_cfCCC(A,B) &A #define DOUBLE_cfCCC(A,B) &A #if !defined(__CF__KnR) #define FLOAT_cfCCC(A,B) &A /* Although the VAX doesn't, at least the */ #else /* HP and K&R mips promote float arg.'s of */ #define FLOAT_cfCCC(A,B) &B /* unprototyped functions to double. Cannot */ #endif /* use A here to pass the argument to FORTRAN. */ #define INT_cfCCC(A,B) &A #define LOGICAL_cfCCC(A,B) &A #define LONG_cfCCC(A,B) &A #define SHORT_cfCCC(A,B) &A #define PBYTE_cfCCC(A,B) A #define PDOUBLE_cfCCC(A,B) A #define PFLOAT_cfCCC(A,B) A #define PINT_cfCCC(A,B) A #define PLOGICAL_cfCCC(A,B) B=A /* B used to keep a common W table. */ #define PLONG_cfCCC(A,B) A #define PSHORT_cfCCC(A,B) A #define CCCF(TN,I,M) _SEP_(TN,M,cfCOMMA) _Icf(3,CC,TN,_(A,I),_(B,I)) #define INT_cfCC(T,A,B) _(T,_cfCCC)(A,B) #define INTV_cfCC(T,A,B) A #define INTVV_cfCC(T,A,B) A #define INTVVV_cfCC(T,A,B) A #define INTVVVV_cfCC(T,A,B) A #define INTVVVVV_cfCC(T,A,B) A #define INTVVVVVV_cfCC(T,A,B) A #define INTVVVVVVV_cfCC(T,A,B) A #define PINT_cfCC(T,A,B) _(T,_cfCCC)(A,B) #define PVOID_cfCC(T,A,B) A #if defined(apolloFortran) || defined(hpuxFortran800) || defined(AbsoftUNIXFortran) #define ROUTINE_cfCC(T,A,B) &A #else #define ROUTINE_cfCC(T,A,B) A #endif #define SIMPLE_cfCC(T,A,B) A #ifdef vmsFortran #define STRING_cfCC(T,A,B) &B.f #define STRINGV_cfCC(T,A,B) &B #define PSTRING_cfCC(T,A,B) &B #define PSTRINGV_cfCC(T,A,B) &B #else #ifdef CRAYFortran #define STRING_cfCC(T,A,B) _cptofcd(A,B.flen) #define STRINGV_cfCC(T,A,B) _cptofcd(B.s,B.flen) #define PSTRING_cfCC(T,A,B) _cptofcd(A,B) #define PSTRINGV_cfCC(T,A,B) _cptofcd(A,B.flen) #else #define STRING_cfCC(T,A,B) A #define STRINGV_cfCC(T,A,B) B.fs #define PSTRING_cfCC(T,A,B) A #define PSTRINGV_cfCC(T,A,B) B.fs #endif #endif #define ZTRINGV_cfCC(T,A,B) STRINGV_cfCC(T,A,B) #define PZTRINGV_cfCC(T,A,B) PSTRINGV_cfCC(T,A,B) #define BYTE_cfX return A0; #define DOUBLE_cfX return A0; #if ! (defined(FLOATFUNCTIONTYPE)&&defined(ASSIGNFLOAT)&&defined(RETURNFLOAT)) #define FLOAT_cfX return A0; #else #define FLOAT_cfX ASSIGNFLOAT(AA0,A0); return AA0; #endif #define INT_cfX return A0; #define LOGICAL_cfX return F2CLOGICAL(A0); #define LONG_cfX return A0; #define SHORT_cfX return A0; #define VOID_cfX return ; #if defined(vmsFortran) || defined(CRAYFortran) #define STRING_cfX return kill_trailing( \ kill_trailing(AA0,CFORTRAN_NON_CHAR),' '); #else #define STRING_cfX return kill_trailing( \ kill_trailing( A0,CFORTRAN_NON_CHAR),' '); #endif #define CFFUN(NAME) _(__cf__,NAME) /* Note that we don't use LN here, but we keep it for consistency. */ #define CCALLSFFUN0(UN,LN) CFFUN(UN)() #ifdef OLD_VAXC /* Allow %CC-I-PARAMNOTUSED. */ #pragma standard #endif #define CCALLSFFUN1( UN,LN,T1, A1) \ CCALLSFFUN5 (UN,LN,T1,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,0,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFFUN2( UN,LN,T1,T2, A1,A2) \ CCALLSFFUN5 (UN,LN,T1,T2,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFFUN3( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3, A1,A2,A3) \ CCALLSFFUN5 (UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,0,0) #define CCALLSFFUN4( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4, A1,A2,A3,A4)\ CCALLSFFUN5 (UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,0) #define CCALLSFFUN5( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5, A1,A2,A3,A4,A5) \ CCALLSFFUN10(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,0,0,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFFUN6( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6, A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6) \ CCALLSFFUN10(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,0,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFFUN7( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7, A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7) \ CCALLSFFUN10(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFFUN8( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8, A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8) \ CCALLSFFUN10(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,0,0) #define CCALLSFFUN9( UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9)\ CCALLSFFUN10(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,0) #define CCALLSFFUN10(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA)\ CCALLSFFUN14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,0,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFFUN11(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB)\ CCALLSFFUN14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,0,0,0) #define CCALLSFFUN12(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC)\ CCALLSFFUN14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,CF_0,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,0,0) #define CCALLSFFUN13(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD)\ CCALLSFFUN14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,CF_0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,0) #define CCALLSFFUN14(UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE)\ ((CFFUN(UN)( BCF(T1,A1,0) BCF(T2,A2,1) BCF(T3,A3,1) BCF(T4,A4,1) BCF(T5,A5,1) \ BCF(T6,A6,1) BCF(T7,A7,1) BCF(T8,A8,1) BCF(T9,A9,1) BCF(TA,AA,1) \ BCF(TB,AB,1) BCF(TC,AC,1) BCF(TD,AD,1) BCF(TE,AE,1) \ SCF(T1,LN,1,A1) SCF(T2,LN,2,A2) SCF(T3,LN,3,A3) SCF(T4,LN,4,A4) \ SCF(T5,LN,5,A5) SCF(T6,LN,6,A6) SCF(T7,LN,7,A7) SCF(T8,LN,8,A8) \ SCF(T9,LN,9,A9) SCF(TA,LN,10,AA) SCF(TB,LN,11,AB) SCF(TC,LN,12,AC) \ SCF(TD,LN,13,AD) SCF(TE,LN,14,AE)))) /* N.B. Create a separate function instead of using (call function, function value here) because in order to create the variables needed for the input arg.'s which may be const.'s one has to do the creation within {}, but these can never be placed within ()'s. Therefore one must create wrapper functions. gcc, on the other hand may be able to avoid the wrapper functions. */ /* Prototypes are needed to correctly handle the value returned correctly. N.B. Can only have prototype arg.'s with difficulty, a la G... table since FORTRAN functions returning strings have extra arg.'s. Don't bother, since this only causes a compiler warning to come up when one uses FCALLSCFUNn and CCALLSFFUNn for the same function in the same source code. Something done by the experts in debugging only.*/ #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN0(F,UN,LN) \ _(F,_cfPU)( CFC_(UN,LN))(CF_NULL_PROTO); \ static _Icf(2,U,F,CFFUN(UN),0)() {_(F,_cfE) _Icf(3,GZ,F,UN,LN) ABSOFT_cf1(F));_(F,_cfX)} #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN1( T0,UN,LN,T1) \ PROTOCCALLSFFUN5 (T0,UN,LN,T1,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN2( T0,UN,LN,T1,T2) \ PROTOCCALLSFFUN5 (T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN3( T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3) \ PROTOCCALLSFFUN5 (T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN4( T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4) \ PROTOCCALLSFFUN5 (T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN5( T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5) \ PROTOCCALLSFFUN10(T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN6( T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6) \ PROTOCCALLSFFUN10(T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN7( T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7) \ PROTOCCALLSFFUN10(T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN8( T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8) \ PROTOCCALLSFFUN10(T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN9( T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9) \ PROTOCCALLSFFUN10(T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN10(T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA) \ PROTOCCALLSFFUN14(T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN11(T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB) \ PROTOCCALLSFFUN14(T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN12(T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC) \ PROTOCCALLSFFUN14(T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,CF_0,CF_0) #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN13(T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD) \ PROTOCCALLSFFUN14(T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,CF_0) /* HP/UX 9.01 cc requires the blank between '_Icf(3,G,T0,UN,LN) CCCF(T1,1,0)' */ #ifndef __CF__KnR #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN14(T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ _(T0,_cfPU)(CFC_(UN,LN))(CF_NULL_PROTO); static _Icf(2,U,T0,CFFUN(UN),0)( \ CFARGT14FS(UCF,HCF,_Z,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) ) \ { CFARGT14S(VCF,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) _(T0,_cfE) \ CCF(LN,T1,1) CCF(LN,T2,2) CCF(LN,T3,3) CCF(LN,T4,4) CCF(LN,T5,5) \ CCF(LN,T6,6) CCF(LN,T7,7) CCF(LN,T8,8) CCF(LN,T9,9) CCF(LN,TA,10) \ CCF(LN,TB,11) CCF(LN,TC,12) CCF(LN,TD,13) CCF(LN,TE,14) _Icf(3,G,T0,UN,LN) \ CFARGT14(CCCF,JCF,ABSOFT_cf1(T0),T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE)); \ WCF(T1,A1,1) WCF(T2,A2,2) WCF(T3,A3,3) WCF(T4,A4,4) WCF(T5,A5,5) \ WCF(T6,A6,6) WCF(T7,A7,7) WCF(T8,A8,8) WCF(T9,A9,9) WCF(TA,A10,10) \ WCF(TB,A11,11) WCF(TC,A12,12) WCF(TD,A13,13) WCF(TE,A14,14) _(T0,_cfX)} #else #define PROTOCCALLSFFUN14(T0,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ _(T0,_cfPU)(CFC_(UN,LN))(CF_NULL_PROTO); static _Icf(2,U,T0,CFFUN(UN),0)( \ CFARGT14FS(UUCF,HHCF,_Z,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) ) \ CFARGT14FS(UUUCF,HHHCF,_Z,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) ; \ { CFARGT14S(VCF,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) _(T0,_cfE) \ CCF(LN,T1,1) CCF(LN,T2,2) CCF(LN,T3,3) CCF(LN,T4,4) CCF(LN,T5,5) \ CCF(LN,T6,6) CCF(LN,T7,7) CCF(LN,T8,8) CCF(LN,T9,9) CCF(LN,TA,10) \ CCF(LN,TB,11) CCF(LN,TC,12) CCF(LN,TD,13) CCF(LN,TE,14) _Icf(3,G,T0,UN,LN) \ CFARGT14(CCCF,JCF,ABSOFT_cf1(T0),T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE)); \ WCF(T1,A1,1) WCF(T2,A2,2) WCF(T3,A3,3) WCF(T4,A4,4) WCF(T5,A5,5) \ WCF(T6,A6,6) WCF(T7,A7,7) WCF(T8,A8,8) WCF(T9,A9,9) WCF(TA,A10,10) \ WCF(TB,A11,11) WCF(TC,A12,12) WCF(TD,A13,13) WCF(TE,A14,14) _(T0,_cfX)} #endif /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* UTILITIES FOR FORTRAN TO CALL C ROUTINES */ #ifdef OLD_VAXC /* Prevent %CC-I-PARAMNOTUSED. */ #pragma nostandard #endif #if defined(vmsFortran) || defined(CRAYFortran) #define DCF(TN,I) #define DDCF(TN,I) #define DDDCF(TN,I) #else #define DCF(TN,I) HCF(TN,I) #define DDCF(TN,I) HHCF(TN,I) #define DDDCF(TN,I) HHHCF(TN,I) #endif #define QCF(TN,I) _(TN,_cfSTR)(1,Q,_(B,I), 0,0,0,0) #define DEFAULT_cfQ(B) #define LOGICAL_cfQ(B) #define PLOGICAL_cfQ(B) #define STRINGV_cfQ(B) char *B; unsigned int _(B,N); #define STRING_cfQ(B) char *B=NULL; #define PSTRING_cfQ(B) char *B=NULL; #define PSTRINGV_cfQ(B) STRINGV_cfQ(B) #define PNSTRING_cfQ(B) char *B=NULL; #define PPSTRING_cfQ(B) #ifdef __sgi /* Else SGI gives warning 182 contrary to its C LRM A.17.7 */ #define ROUTINE_orig *(void**)& #else #define ROUTINE_orig (void *) #endif #define ROUTINE_1 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_2 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_3 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_4 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_5 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_6 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_7 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_8 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_9 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_10 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_11 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_12 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_13 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_14 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_15 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_16 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_17 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_18 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_19 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_20 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_21 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_22 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_23 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_24 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_25 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_26 ROUTINE_orig #define ROUTINE_27 ROUTINE_orig #define TCF(NAME,TN,I,M) _SEP_(TN,M,cfCOMMA) _(TN,_cfT)(NAME,I,_(A,I),_(B,I),_(C,I)) #define BYTE_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) *A #define DOUBLE_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) *A #define FLOAT_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) *A #define INT_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) *A #define LOGICAL_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) F2CLOGICAL(*A) #define LONG_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) *A #define LONGLONG_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) *A /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define SHORT_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) *A #define BYTEV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A #define DOUBLEV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A #define FLOATV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) VOIDP A #define INTV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A #define LOGICALV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A #define LONGV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A #define LONGLONGV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define SHORTV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A #define BYTEVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A /* We have to cast to void *,*/ #define BYTEVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A /* since we don't know the */ #define BYTEVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A /* dimensions of the array. */ #define BYTEVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A /* i.e. Unfortunately, can't */ #define BYTEVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A /* check that the type */ #define BYTEVVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A /* matches the prototype. */ #define DOUBLEVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define DOUBLEVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define DOUBLEVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define DOUBLEVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define DOUBLEVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define DOUBLEVVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define FLOATVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define FLOATVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define FLOATVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define FLOATVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define FLOATVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define FLOATVVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define INTVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define INTVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define INTVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define INTVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define INTVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define INTVVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define LOGICALVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define LOGICALVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define LOGICALVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define LOGICALVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define LOGICALVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define LOGICALVVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define LONGVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define LONGVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define LONGVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define LONGVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define LONGVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define LONGVVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define LONGLONGVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define LONGLONGVVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define SHORTVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define SHORTVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define SHORTVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define SHORTVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define SHORTVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define SHORTVVVVVVV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) (void *)A #define PBYTE_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A #define PDOUBLE_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A #define PFLOAT_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) VOIDP A #define PINT_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A #define PLOGICAL_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) ((*A=F2CLOGICAL(*A)),A) #define PLONG_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A #define PLONGLONG_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define PSHORT_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A #define PVOID_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A #if defined(apolloFortran) || defined(hpuxFortran800) || defined(AbsoftUNIXFortran) #define ROUTINE_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) _(ROUTINE_,I) (*A) #else #define ROUTINE_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) _(ROUTINE_,I) A #endif /* A == pointer to the characters D == length of the string, or of an element in an array of strings E == number of elements in an array of strings */ #define TTSTR( A,B,D) \ ((B=_cf_malloc(D+1))[D]='\0', memcpy(B,A,D), kill_trailing(B,' ')) #define TTTTSTR( A,B,D) (!(D<4||A[0]||A[1]||A[2]||A[3]))?NULL: \ memchr(A,'\0',D) ?A : TTSTR(A,B,D) #define TTTTSTRV( A,B,D,E) (_(B,N)=E,B=_cf_malloc(_(B,N)*(D+1)), (void *) \ vkill_trailing(f2cstrv(A,B,D+1, _(B,N)*(D+1)), D+1,_(B,N)*(D+1),' ')) #ifdef vmsFortran #define STRING_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) TTTTSTR( A->dsc$a_pointer,B,A->dsc$w_length) #define STRINGV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) TTTTSTRV(A->dsc$a_pointer, B, \ A->dsc$w_length , A->dsc$l_m[0]) #define PSTRING_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) TTSTR( A->dsc$a_pointer,B,A->dsc$w_length) #define PPSTRING_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A->dsc$a_pointer #else #ifdef CRAYFortran #define STRING_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) TTTTSTR( _fcdtocp(A),B,_fcdlen(A)) #define STRINGV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) TTTTSTRV(_fcdtocp(A),B,_fcdlen(A), \ num_elem(_fcdtocp(A),_fcdlen(A),_3(M,_STRV_A,I))) #define PSTRING_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) TTSTR( _fcdtocp(A),B,_fcdlen(A)) #define PPSTRING_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) _fcdtocp(A) #else #define STRING_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) TTTTSTR( A,B,D) #define STRINGV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) TTTTSTRV(A,B,D, num_elem(A,D,_3(M,_STRV_A,I))) #define PSTRING_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) TTSTR( A,B,D) #define PPSTRING_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) A #endif #endif #define PNSTRING_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) STRING_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) #define PSTRINGV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) STRINGV_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) #define CF_0_cfT(M,I,A,B,D) #define RCF(TN,I) _(TN,_cfSTR)(3,R,_(A,I),_(B,I),_(C,I),0,0) #define DEFAULT_cfR(A,B,D) #define LOGICAL_cfR(A,B,D) #define PLOGICAL_cfR(A,B,D) *A=C2FLOGICAL(*A); #define STRING_cfR(A,B,D) if (B) _cf_free(B); #define STRINGV_cfR(A,B,D) _cf_free(B); /* A and D as defined above for TSTRING(V) */ #define RRRRPSTR( A,B,D) if (B) memcpy(A,B, _cfMIN(strlen(B),D)), \ (D>strlen(B)?memset(A+strlen(B),' ', D-strlen(B)):0), _cf_free(B); #define RRRRPSTRV(A,B,D) c2fstrv(B,A,D+1,(D+1)*_(B,N)), _cf_free(B); #ifdef vmsFortran #define PSTRING_cfR(A,B,D) RRRRPSTR( A->dsc$a_pointer,B,A->dsc$w_length) #define PSTRINGV_cfR(A,B,D) RRRRPSTRV(A->dsc$a_pointer,B,A->dsc$w_length) #else #ifdef CRAYFortran #define PSTRING_cfR(A,B,D) RRRRPSTR( _fcdtocp(A),B,_fcdlen(A)) #define PSTRINGV_cfR(A,B,D) RRRRPSTRV(_fcdtocp(A),B,_fcdlen(A)) #else #define PSTRING_cfR(A,B,D) RRRRPSTR( A,B,D) #define PSTRINGV_cfR(A,B,D) RRRRPSTRV(A,B,D) #endif #endif #define PNSTRING_cfR(A,B,D) PSTRING_cfR(A,B,D) #define PPSTRING_cfR(A,B,D) #define BYTE_cfFZ(UN,LN) INTEGER_BYTE FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)( #define DOUBLE_cfFZ(UN,LN) DOUBLE_PRECISION FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)( #define INT_cfFZ(UN,LN) int FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)( #define LOGICAL_cfFZ(UN,LN) int FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)( #define LONG_cfFZ(UN,LN) long FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)( #define LONGLONG_cfFZ(UN,LN) LONGLONG FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)( /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define SHORT_cfFZ(UN,LN) short FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)( #define VOID_cfFZ(UN,LN) void FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)( #ifndef __CF__KnR /* The void is req'd by the Apollo, to make this an ANSI function declaration. The Apollo promotes K&R float functions to double. */ #if defined (f2cFortran) && ! defined (gFortran) /* f2c/g77 return double from FORTRAN REAL functions. (KMCCARTY, 2005/12/09) */ #define FLOAT_cfFZ(UN,LN) DOUBLE_PRECISION FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)(void #else #define FLOAT_cfFZ(UN,LN) FORTRAN_REAL FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)(void #endif #ifdef vmsFortran #define STRING_cfFZ(UN,LN) void FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)(fstring *AS #else #ifdef CRAYFortran #define STRING_cfFZ(UN,LN) void FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)(_fcd AS #else #if defined(AbsoftUNIXFortran) || defined(AbsoftProFortran) #define STRING_cfFZ(UN,LN) void FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)(char *AS #else #define STRING_cfFZ(UN,LN) void FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)(char *AS, unsigned D0 #endif #endif #endif #else #if ! (defined(FLOATFUNCTIONTYPE)&&defined(ASSIGNFLOAT)&&defined(RETURNFLOAT)) #if defined (f2cFortran) && ! defined (gFortran) /* f2c/g77 return double from FORTRAN REAL functions. (KMCCARTY, 2005/12/09) */ #define FLOAT_cfFZ(UN,LN) DOUBLE_PRECISION FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)( #else #define FLOAT_cfFZ(UN,LN) FORTRAN_REAL FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)( #endif #else #define FLOAT_cfFZ(UN,LN) FLOATFUNCTIONTYPE FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)( #endif #if defined(vmsFortran) || defined(CRAYFortran) || defined(AbsoftUNIXFortran) #define STRING_cfFZ(UN,LN) void FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)(AS #else #define STRING_cfFZ(UN,LN) void FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)(AS, D0 #endif #endif #define BYTE_cfF(UN,LN) BYTE_cfFZ(UN,LN) #define DOUBLE_cfF(UN,LN) DOUBLE_cfFZ(UN,LN) #ifndef __CF_KnR #if defined (f2cFortran) && ! defined (gFortran) /* f2c/g77 return double from FORTRAN REAL functions. (KMCCARTY, 2005/12/09) */ #define FLOAT_cfF(UN,LN) DOUBLE_PRECISION FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)( #else #define FLOAT_cfF(UN,LN) FORTRAN_REAL FCALLSC_QUALIFIER fcallsc(UN,LN)( #endif #else #define FLOAT_cfF(UN,LN) FLOAT_cfFZ(UN,LN) #endif #define INT_cfF(UN,LN) INT_cfFZ(UN,LN) #define LOGICAL_cfF(UN,LN) LOGICAL_cfFZ(UN,LN) #define LONG_cfF(UN,LN) LONG_cfFZ(UN,LN) #define LONGLONG_cfF(UN,LN) LONGLONG_cfFZ(UN,LN) /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define SHORT_cfF(UN,LN) SHORT_cfFZ(UN,LN) #define VOID_cfF(UN,LN) VOID_cfFZ(UN,LN) #define STRING_cfF(UN,LN) STRING_cfFZ(UN,LN), #define INT_cfFF #define VOID_cfFF #ifdef vmsFortran #define STRING_cfFF fstring *AS; #else #ifdef CRAYFortran #define STRING_cfFF _fcd AS; #else #define STRING_cfFF char *AS; unsigned D0; #endif #endif #define INT_cfL A0= #define STRING_cfL A0= #define VOID_cfL #define INT_cfK #define VOID_cfK /* KSTRING copies the string into the position provided by the caller. */ #ifdef vmsFortran #define STRING_cfK \ memcpy(AS->dsc$a_pointer,A0,_cfMIN(AS->dsc$w_length,(A0==NULL?0:strlen(A0))));\ AS->dsc$w_length>(A0==NULL?0:strlen(A0))? \ memset(AS->dsc$a_pointer+(A0==NULL?0:strlen(A0)),' ', \ AS->dsc$w_length-(A0==NULL?0:strlen(A0))):0; #else #ifdef CRAYFortran #define STRING_cfK \ memcpy(_fcdtocp(AS),A0, _cfMIN(_fcdlen(AS),(A0==NULL?0:strlen(A0))) ); \ _fcdlen(AS)>(A0==NULL?0:strlen(A0))? \ memset(_fcdtocp(AS)+(A0==NULL?0:strlen(A0)),' ', \ _fcdlen(AS)-(A0==NULL?0:strlen(A0))):0; #else #define STRING_cfK memcpy(AS,A0, _cfMIN(D0,(A0==NULL?0:strlen(A0))) ); \ D0>(A0==NULL?0:strlen(A0))?memset(AS+(A0==NULL?0:strlen(A0)), \ ' ', D0-(A0==NULL?0:strlen(A0))):0; #endif #endif /* Note that K.. and I.. can't be combined since K.. has to access data before R.., in order for functions returning strings which are also passed in as arguments to work correctly. Note that R.. frees and hence may corrupt the string. */ #define BYTE_cfI return A0; #define DOUBLE_cfI return A0; #if ! (defined(FLOATFUNCTIONTYPE)&&defined(ASSIGNFLOAT)&&defined(RETURNFLOAT)) #define FLOAT_cfI return A0; #else #define FLOAT_cfI RETURNFLOAT(A0); #endif #define INT_cfI return A0; #ifdef hpuxFortran800 /* Incredibly, functions must return true as 1, elsewhere .true.==0x01000000. */ #define LOGICAL_cfI return ((A0)?1:0); #else #define LOGICAL_cfI return C2FLOGICAL(A0); #endif #define LONG_cfI return A0; #define LONGLONG_cfI return A0; /* added by MR December 2005 */ #define SHORT_cfI return A0; #define STRING_cfI return ; #define VOID_cfI return ; #ifdef OLD_VAXC /* Allow %CC-I-PARAMNOTUSED. */ #pragma standard #endif #define FCALLSCSUB0( CN,UN,LN) FCALLSCFUN0(VOID,CN,UN,LN) #define FCALLSCSUB1( CN,UN,LN,T1) FCALLSCFUN1(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1) #define FCALLSCSUB2( CN,UN,LN,T1,T2) FCALLSCFUN2(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2) #define FCALLSCSUB3( CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3) FCALLSCFUN3(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3) #define FCALLSCSUB4( CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4) \ FCALLSCFUN4(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4) #define FCALLSCSUB5( CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5) \ FCALLSCFUN5(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5) #define FCALLSCSUB6( CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6) \ FCALLSCFUN6(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6) #define FCALLSCSUB7( CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7) \ FCALLSCFUN7(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7) #define FCALLSCSUB8( CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8) \ FCALLSCFUN8(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8) #define FCALLSCSUB9( CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9) \ FCALLSCFUN9(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9) #define FCALLSCSUB10(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA) \ FCALLSCFUN10(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA) #define FCALLSCSUB11(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB) \ FCALLSCFUN11(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB) #define FCALLSCSUB12(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC) \ FCALLSCFUN12(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC) #define FCALLSCSUB13(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD) \ FCALLSCFUN13(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD) #define FCALLSCSUB14(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ FCALLSCFUN14(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) #define FCALLSCSUB15(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF) \ FCALLSCFUN15(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF) #define FCALLSCSUB16(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG) \ FCALLSCFUN16(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG) #define FCALLSCSUB17(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH) \ FCALLSCFUN17(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH) #define FCALLSCSUB18(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI) \ FCALLSCFUN18(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI) #define FCALLSCSUB19(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ) \ FCALLSCFUN19(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ) #define FCALLSCSUB20(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK) \ FCALLSCFUN20(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK) #define FCALLSCSUB21(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL) \ FCALLSCFUN21(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL) #define FCALLSCSUB22(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM) \ FCALLSCFUN22(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM) #define FCALLSCSUB23(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN) \ FCALLSCFUN23(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN) #define FCALLSCSUB24(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO) \ FCALLSCFUN24(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO) #define FCALLSCSUB25(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP) \ FCALLSCFUN25(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP) #define FCALLSCSUB26(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ) \ FCALLSCFUN26(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ) #define FCALLSCSUB27(CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) \ FCALLSCFUN27(VOID,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) #define FCALLSCFUN1( T0,CN,UN,LN,T1) \ FCALLSCFUN5 (T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN2( T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2) \ FCALLSCFUN5 (T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN3( T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3) \ FCALLSCFUN5 (T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN4( T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4) \ FCALLSCFUN5 (T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN5( T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5) \ FCALLSCFUN10(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN6( T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6) \ FCALLSCFUN10(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN7( T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7) \ FCALLSCFUN10(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN8( T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8) \ FCALLSCFUN10(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN9( T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9) \ FCALLSCFUN10(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN10(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA) \ FCALLSCFUN14(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN11(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB) \ FCALLSCFUN14(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN12(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC) \ FCALLSCFUN14(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN13(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD) \ FCALLSCFUN14(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN15(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF) \ FCALLSCFUN20(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN16(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG) \ FCALLSCFUN20(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN17(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH) \ FCALLSCFUN20(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN18(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI) \ FCALLSCFUN20(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN19(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ) \ FCALLSCFUN20(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN20(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK) \ FCALLSCFUN27(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN21(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL) \ FCALLSCFUN27(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN22(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM) \ FCALLSCFUN27(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN23(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN) \ FCALLSCFUN27(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN24(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO) \ FCALLSCFUN27(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,CF_0,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN25(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP) \ FCALLSCFUN27(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,CF_0,CF_0) #define FCALLSCFUN26(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ) \ FCALLSCFUN27(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,CF_0) #ifndef __CF__KnR #define FCALLSCFUN0(T0,CN,UN,LN) CFextern _(T0,_cfFZ)(UN,LN) ABSOFT_cf2(T0)) \ {_Icf(2,UU,T0,A0,0); _Icf(0,L,T0,0,0) CN(); _Icf(0,K,T0,0,0) _(T0,_cfI)} #define FCALLSCFUN14(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ CFextern _(T0,_cfF)(UN,LN) \ CFARGT14(NCF,DCF,ABSOFT_cf2(T0),T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) ) \ { CFARGT14S(QCF,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ _Icf(2,UU,T0,A0,0); _Icf(0,L,T0,0,0) CN( TCF(LN,T1,1,0) TCF(LN,T2,2,1) \ TCF(LN,T3,3,1) TCF(LN,T4,4,1) TCF(LN,T5,5,1) TCF(LN,T6,6,1) TCF(LN,T7,7,1) \ TCF(LN,T8,8,1) TCF(LN,T9,9,1) TCF(LN,TA,10,1) TCF(LN,TB,11,1) TCF(LN,TC,12,1) \ TCF(LN,TD,13,1) TCF(LN,TE,14,1) ); _Icf(0,K,T0,0,0) \ CFARGT14S(RCF,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) _(T0,_cfI) } #define FCALLSCFUN27(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) \ CFextern _(T0,_cfF)(UN,LN) \ CFARGT27(NCF,DCF,ABSOFT_cf2(T0),T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) ) \ { CFARGT27S(QCF,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) \ _Icf(2,UU,T0,A0,0); _Icf(0,L,T0,0,0) CN( TCF(LN,T1,1,0) TCF(LN,T2,2,1) \ TCF(LN,T3,3,1) TCF(LN,T4,4,1) TCF(LN,T5,5,1) TCF(LN,T6,6,1) TCF(LN,T7,7,1) \ TCF(LN,T8,8,1) TCF(LN,T9,9,1) TCF(LN,TA,10,1) TCF(LN,TB,11,1) TCF(LN,TC,12,1) \ TCF(LN,TD,13,1) TCF(LN,TE,14,1) TCF(LN,TF,15,1) TCF(LN,TG,16,1) TCF(LN,TH,17,1) \ TCF(LN,TI,18,1) TCF(LN,TJ,19,1) TCF(LN,TK,20,1) TCF(LN,TL,21,1) TCF(LN,TM,22,1) \ TCF(LN,TN,23,1) TCF(LN,TO,24,1) TCF(LN,TP,25,1) TCF(LN,TQ,26,1) TCF(LN,TR,27,1) ); _Icf(0,K,T0,0,0) \ CFARGT27S(RCF,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) _(T0,_cfI) } #else #define FCALLSCFUN0(T0,CN,UN,LN) CFextern _(T0,_cfFZ)(UN,LN) ABSOFT_cf3(T0)) _Icf(0,FF,T0,0,0)\ {_Icf(2,UU,T0,A0,0); _Icf(0,L,T0,0,0) CN(); _Icf(0,K,T0,0,0) _(T0,_cfI)} #define FCALLSCFUN14(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ CFextern _(T0,_cfF)(UN,LN) \ CFARGT14(NNCF,DDCF,ABSOFT_cf3(T0),T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE)) _Icf(0,FF,T0,0,0) \ CFARGT14FS(NNNCF,DDDCF,_Z,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE); \ { CFARGT14S(QCF,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) \ _Icf(2,UU,T0,A0,0); _Icf(0,L,T0,0,0) CN( TCF(LN,T1,1,0) TCF(LN,T2,2,1) \ TCF(LN,T3,3,1) TCF(LN,T4,4,1) TCF(LN,T5,5,1) TCF(LN,T6,6,1) TCF(LN,T7,7,1) \ TCF(LN,T8,8,1) TCF(LN,T9,9,1) TCF(LN,TA,10,1) TCF(LN,TB,11,1) TCF(LN,TC,12,1) \ TCF(LN,TD,13,1) TCF(LN,TE,14,1) ); _Icf(0,K,T0,0,0) \ CFARGT14S(RCF,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE) _(T0,_cfI)} #define FCALLSCFUN27(T0,CN,UN,LN,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) \ CFextern _(T0,_cfF)(UN,LN) \ CFARGT27(NNCF,DDCF,ABSOFT_cf3(T0),T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR)) _Icf(0,FF,T0,0,0) \ CFARGT27FS(NNNCF,DDDCF,_Z,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR); \ { CFARGT27S(QCF,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) \ _Icf(2,UU,T0,A0,0); _Icf(0,L,T0,0,0) CN( TCF(LN,T1,1,0) TCF(LN,T2,2,1) \ TCF(LN,T3,3,1) TCF(LN,T4,4,1) TCF(LN,T5,5,1) TCF(LN,T6,6,1) TCF(LN,T7,7,1) \ TCF(LN,T8,8,1) TCF(LN,T9,9,1) TCF(LN,TA,10,1) TCF(LN,TB,11,1) TCF(LN,TC,12,1) \ TCF(LN,TD,13,1) TCF(LN,TE,14,1) TCF(LN,TF,15,1) TCF(LN,TG,16,1) TCF(LN,TH,17,1) \ TCF(LN,TI,18,1) TCF(LN,TJ,19,1) TCF(LN,TK,20,1) TCF(LN,TL,21,1) TCF(LN,TM,22,1) \ TCF(LN,TN,23,1) TCF(LN,TO,24,1) TCF(LN,TP,25,1) TCF(LN,TQ,26,1) TCF(LN,TR,27,1) ); _Icf(0,K,T0,0,0) \ CFARGT27S(RCF,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7,T8,T9,TA,TB,TC,TD,TE,TF,TG,TH,TI,TJ,TK,TL,TM,TN,TO,TP,TQ,TR) _(T0,_cfI)} #endif #endif /* __CFORTRAN_LOADED */ cfitsio-4.3.1/region.h0000644000225700000360000000415513472024437014114 0ustar cagordonlhea/***************************************************************/ /* REGION STUFF */ /***************************************************************/ #include "fitsio.h" #define myPI 3.1415926535897932385 #define RadToDeg 180.0/myPI typedef struct { int exists; double xrefval, yrefval; double xrefpix, yrefpix; double xinc, yinc; double rot; char type[6]; } WCSdata; typedef enum { point_rgn, line_rgn, circle_rgn, annulus_rgn, ellipse_rgn, elliptannulus_rgn, box_rgn, boxannulus_rgn, rectangle_rgn, diamond_rgn, sector_rgn, poly_rgn, panda_rgn, epanda_rgn, bpanda_rgn } shapeType; typedef enum { pixel_fmt, degree_fmt, hhmmss_fmt } coordFmt; typedef struct { char sign; /* Include or exclude? */ shapeType shape; /* Shape of this region */ int comp; /* Component number for this region */ double xmin,xmax; /* bounding box */ double ymin,ymax; union { /* Parameters - In pixels */ /**** Generic Shape Data ****/ struct { double p[11]; /* Region parameters */ double sinT, cosT; /* For rotated shapes */ double a, b; /* Extra scratch area */ } gen; /**** Polygon Data ****/ struct { int nPts; /* Number of Polygon pts */ double *Pts; /* Polygon points */ } poly; } param; } RgnShape; typedef struct { int nShapes; RgnShape *Shapes; WCSdata wcs; } SAORegion; /* SAO region file routines */ int fits_read_rgnfile( const char *filename, WCSdata *wcs, SAORegion **Rgn, int *status ); int fits_in_region( double X, double Y, SAORegion *Rgn ); void fits_free_region( SAORegion *Rgn ); void fits_set_region_components ( SAORegion *Rgn ); void fits_setup_shape ( RgnShape *shape); int fits_read_fits_region ( fitsfile *fptr, WCSdata * wcs, SAORegion **Rgn, int *status); int fits_read_ascii_region ( const char *filename, WCSdata * wcs, SAORegion **Rgn, int *status); cfitsio-4.3.1/fitscore.c0000644000225700000360000116535314523041213014440 0ustar cagordonlhea/* This file, fitscore.c, contains the core set of FITSIO routines. */ /* The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy */ /* Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA */ /* Goddard Space Flight Center. */ /* Copyright (Unpublished--all rights reserved under the copyright laws of the United States), U.S. Government as represented by the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. No copyright is claimed in the United States under Title 17, U.S. Code. Permission to freely use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its documentation without fee is hereby granted, provided that this copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty appears in all copies. DISCLAIMER: THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS' WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY WARRANTY THAT THE SOFTWARE WILL CONFORM TO SPECIFICATIONS, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND FREEDOM FROM INFRINGEMENT, AND ANY WARRANTY THAT THE DOCUMENTATION WILL CONFORM TO THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY WARRANTY THAT THE SOFTWARE WILL BE ERROR FREE. IN NO EVENT SHALL NASA BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, ARISING OUT OF, RESULTING FROM, OR IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH THIS SOFTWARE, WHETHER OR NOT BASED UPON WARRANTY, CONTRACT, TORT , OR OTHERWISE, WHETHER OR NOT INJURY WAS SUSTAINED BY PERSONS OR PROPERTY OR OTHERWISE, AND WHETHER OR NOT LOSS WAS SUSTAINED FROM, OR AROSE OUT OF THE RESULTS OF, OR USE OF, THE SOFTWARE OR SERVICES PROVIDED HEREUNDER." */ #include #include #include #include #include #include /* stddef.h is apparently needed to define size_t with some compilers ?? */ #include #include #include "fitsio2.h" #define errmsgsiz 25 #define ESMARKER 27 /* Escape character is used as error stack marker */ #define DelAll 1 /* delete all messages on the error stack */ #define DelMark 2 /* delete newest messages back to and including marker */ #define DelNewest 3 /* delete the newest message from the stack */ #define GetMesg 4 /* pop and return oldest message, ignoring marks */ #define PutMesg 5 /* add a new message to the stack */ #define PutMark 6 /* add a marker to the stack */ #ifdef _REENTRANT /* Fitsio_Lock and Fitsio_Pthread_Status are declared in fitsio2.h. */ pthread_mutex_t Fitsio_Lock; int Fitsio_Pthread_Status = 0; #endif int STREAM_DRIVER = 0; struct lconv *lcxxx; /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ float ffvers(float *version) /* IO - version number */ /* return the current version number of the FITSIO software Note that this method of calculation limits minor/micro fields to < 100. */ { *version = (float)CFITSIO_MAJOR + (float)(.01*CFITSIO_MINOR) + (float)(.0001*CFITSIO_MICRO); /* *version = 4.3.1 Nov 2023 Previous releases: *version = 4.3.0 Jul 2023 *version = 4.2.0 Nov 2022 *version = 4.1.0 Feb 2022 *version = 4.0.0 May 2021 *version = 3.49 Aug 2020 *version = 3.48 Apr 2020 *version = 3.47 May 2019 *version = 3.46 Oct 2018 *version = 3.45 May 2018 *version = 3.44 Apr 2018 *version = 3.43 Mar 2018 *version = 3.42 Mar 2017 *version = 3.41 Nov 2016 *version = 3.40 Oct 2016 *version = 3.39 Apr 2016 *version = 3.38 Feb 2016 *version = 3.37 3 Jun 2014 *version = 3.36 6 Dec 2013 *version = 3.35 23 May 2013 *version = 3.34 20 Mar 2013 *version = 3.33 14 Feb 2013 *version = 3.32 Oct 2012 *version = 3.31 18 Jul 2012 *version = 3.30 11 Apr 2012 *version = 3.29 22 Sep 2011 *version = 3.28 12 May 2011 *version = 3.27 3 Mar 2011 *version = 3.26 30 Dec 2010 *version = 3.25 9 June 2010 *version = 3.24 26 Jan 2010 *version = 3.23 7 Jan 2010 *version = 3.22 28 Oct 2009 *version = 3.21 24 Sep 2009 *version = 3.20 31 Aug 2009 *version = 3.18 12 May 2009 (beta version) *version = 3.14 18 Mar 2009 *version = 3.13 5 Jan 2009 *version = 3.12 8 Oct 2008 *version = 3.11 19 Sep 2008 *version = 3.10 20 Aug 2008 *version = 3.09 3 Jun 2008 *version = 3.08 15 Apr 2007 (internal release) *version = 3.07 5 Nov 2007 (internal release) *version = 3.06 27 Aug 2007 *version = 3.05 12 Jul 2007 (internal release) *version = 3.03 11 Dec 2006 *version = 3.02 18 Sep 2006 *version = 3.01 May 2006 included in FTOOLS 6.1 release *version = 3.006 20 Feb 2006 *version = 3.005 20 Dec 2005 (beta, in heasoft swift release *version = 3.004 16 Sep 2005 (beta, in heasoft swift release *version = 3.003 28 Jul 2005 (beta, in heasoft swift release *version = 3.002 15 Apr 2005 (beta) *version = 3.001 15 Mar 2005 (beta) released with heasoft 6.0 *version = 3.000 1 Mar 2005 (internal release only) *version = 2.51 2 Dec 2004 *version = 2.50 28 Jul 2004 *version = 2.49 11 Feb 2004 *version = 2.48 28 Jan 2004 *version = 2.470 18 Aug 2003 *version = 2.460 20 May 2003 *version = 2.450 30 Apr 2003 (internal release only) *version = 2.440 8 Jan 2003 *version = 2.430; 4 Nov 2002 *version = 2.420; 19 Jul 2002 *version = 2.410; 22 Apr 2002 used in ftools v5.2 *version = 2.401; 28 Jan 2002 *version = 2.400; 18 Jan 2002 *version = 2.301; 7 Dec 2001 *version = 2.300; 23 Oct 2001 *version = 2.204; 26 Jul 2001 *version = 2.203; 19 Jul 2001 used in ftools v5.1 *version = 2.202; 22 May 2001 *version = 2.201; 15 Mar 2001 *version = 2.200; 26 Jan 2001 *version = 2.100; 26 Sep 2000 *version = 2.037; 6 Jul 2000 *version = 2.036; 1 Feb 2000 *version = 2.035; 7 Dec 1999 (internal release only) *version = 2.034; 23 Nov 1999 *version = 2.033; 17 Sep 1999 *version = 2.032; 25 May 1999 *version = 2.031; 31 Mar 1999 *version = 2.030; 24 Feb 1999 *version = 2.029; 11 Feb 1999 *version = 2.028; 26 Jan 1999 *version = 2.027; 12 Jan 1999 *version = 2.026; 23 Dec 1998 *version = 2.025; 1 Dec 1998 *version = 2.024; 9 Nov 1998 *version = 2.023; 1 Nov 1998 first full release of V2.0 *version = 1.42; 30 Apr 1998 *version = 1.40; 6 Feb 1998 *version = 1.33; 16 Dec 1997 (internal release only) *version = 1.32; 21 Nov 1997 (internal release only) *version = 1.31; 4 Nov 1997 (internal release only) *version = 1.30; 11 Sep 1997 *version = 1.27; 3 Sep 1997 (internal release only) *version = 1.25; 2 Jul 1997 *version = 1.24; 2 May 1997 *version = 1.23; 24 Apr 1997 *version = 1.22; 18 Apr 1997 *version = 1.21; 26 Mar 1997 *version = 1.2; 29 Jan 1997 *version = 1.11; 04 Dec 1996 *version = 1.101; 13 Nov 1996 *version = 1.1; 6 Nov 1996 *version = 1.04; 17 Sep 1996 *version = 1.03; 20 Aug 1996 *version = 1.02; 15 Aug 1996 *version = 1.01; 12 Aug 1996 */ return(*version); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffflnm(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ char *filename, /* O - name of the file */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* return the name of the FITS file */ { strcpy(filename,(fptr->Fptr)->filename); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffflmd(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *filemode, /* O - open mode of the file */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* return the access mode of the FITS file */ { *filemode = (fptr->Fptr)->writemode; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void ffgerr(int status, /* I - error status value */ char *errtext) /* O - error message (max 30 char long + null) */ /* Return a short descriptive error message that corresponds to the input error status value. The message may be up to 30 characters long, plus the terminating null character. */ { errtext[0] = '\0'; if (status >= 0 && status < 300) { switch (status) { case 0: strcpy(errtext, "OK - no error"); break; case 1: strcpy(errtext, "non-CFITSIO program error"); break; case 101: strcpy(errtext, "same input and output files"); break; case 103: strcpy(errtext, "attempt to open too many files"); break; case 104: strcpy(errtext, "could not open the named file"); break; case 105: strcpy(errtext, "couldn't create the named file"); break; case 106: strcpy(errtext, "error writing to FITS file"); break; case 107: strcpy(errtext, "tried to move past end of file"); break; case 108: strcpy(errtext, "error reading from FITS file"); break; case 110: strcpy(errtext, "could not close the file"); break; case 111: strcpy(errtext, "array dimensions too big"); break; case 112: strcpy(errtext, "cannot write to readonly file"); break; case 113: strcpy(errtext, "could not allocate memory"); break; case 114: strcpy(errtext, "invalid fitsfile pointer"); break; case 115: strcpy(errtext, "NULL input pointer"); break; case 116: strcpy(errtext, "error seeking file position"); break; case 117: strcpy(errtext, "bad value for file download timeout setting"); break; case 121: strcpy(errtext, "invalid URL prefix"); break; case 122: strcpy(errtext, "too many I/O drivers"); break; case 123: strcpy(errtext, "I/O driver init failed"); break; case 124: strcpy(errtext, "no I/O driver for this URLtype"); break; case 125: strcpy(errtext, "parse error in input file URL"); break; case 126: strcpy(errtext, "parse error in range list"); break; case 151: strcpy(errtext, "bad argument (shared mem drvr)"); break; case 152: strcpy(errtext, "null ptr arg (shared mem drvr)"); break; case 153: strcpy(errtext, "no free shared memory handles"); break; case 154: strcpy(errtext, "share mem drvr not initialized"); break; case 155: strcpy(errtext, "IPC system error (shared mem)"); break; case 156: strcpy(errtext, "no memory (shared mem drvr)"); break; case 157: strcpy(errtext, "share mem resource deadlock"); break; case 158: strcpy(errtext, "lock file open/create failed"); break; case 159: strcpy(errtext, "can't resize share mem block"); break; case 201: strcpy(errtext, "header already has keywords"); break; case 202: strcpy(errtext, "keyword not found in header"); break; case 203: strcpy(errtext, "keyword number out of bounds"); break; case 204: strcpy(errtext, "keyword value is undefined"); break; case 205: strcpy(errtext, "string missing closing quote"); break; case 206: strcpy(errtext, "error in indexed keyword name"); break; case 207: strcpy(errtext, "illegal character in keyword"); break; case 208: strcpy(errtext, "required keywords out of order"); break; case 209: strcpy(errtext, "keyword value not positive int"); break; case 210: strcpy(errtext, "END keyword not found"); break; case 211: strcpy(errtext, "illegal BITPIX keyword value"); break; case 212: strcpy(errtext, "illegal NAXIS keyword value"); break; case 213: strcpy(errtext, "illegal NAXISn keyword value"); break; case 214: strcpy(errtext, "illegal PCOUNT keyword value"); break; case 215: strcpy(errtext, "illegal GCOUNT keyword value"); break; case 216: strcpy(errtext, "illegal TFIELDS keyword value"); break; case 217: strcpy(errtext, "negative table row size"); break; case 218: strcpy(errtext, "negative number of rows"); break; case 219: strcpy(errtext, "named column not found"); break; case 220: strcpy(errtext, "illegal SIMPLE keyword value"); break; case 221: strcpy(errtext, "first keyword not SIMPLE"); break; case 222: strcpy(errtext, "second keyword not BITPIX"); break; case 223: strcpy(errtext, "third keyword not NAXIS"); break; case 224: strcpy(errtext, "missing NAXISn keywords"); break; case 225: strcpy(errtext, "first keyword not XTENSION"); break; case 226: strcpy(errtext, "CHDU not an ASCII table"); break; case 227: strcpy(errtext, "CHDU not a binary table"); break; case 228: strcpy(errtext, "PCOUNT keyword not found"); break; case 229: strcpy(errtext, "GCOUNT keyword not found"); break; case 230: strcpy(errtext, "TFIELDS keyword not found"); break; case 231: strcpy(errtext, "missing TBCOLn keyword"); break; case 232: strcpy(errtext, "missing TFORMn keyword"); break; case 233: strcpy(errtext, "CHDU not an IMAGE extension"); break; case 234: strcpy(errtext, "illegal TBCOLn keyword value"); break; case 235: strcpy(errtext, "CHDU not a table extension"); break; case 236: strcpy(errtext, "column exceeds width of table"); break; case 237: strcpy(errtext, "more than 1 matching col. name"); break; case 241: strcpy(errtext, "row width not = field widths"); break; case 251: strcpy(errtext, "unknown FITS extension type"); break; case 252: strcpy(errtext, "1st key not SIMPLE or XTENSION"); break; case 253: strcpy(errtext, "END keyword is not blank"); break; case 254: strcpy(errtext, "Header fill area not blank"); break; case 255: strcpy(errtext, "Data fill area invalid"); break; case 261: strcpy(errtext, "illegal TFORM format code"); break; case 262: strcpy(errtext, "unknown TFORM datatype code"); break; case 263: strcpy(errtext, "illegal TDIMn keyword value"); break; case 264: strcpy(errtext, "invalid BINTABLE heap pointer"); break; default: strcpy(errtext, "unknown error status"); break; } } else if (status < 600) { switch(status) { case 301: strcpy(errtext, "illegal HDU number"); break; case 302: strcpy(errtext, "column number < 1 or > tfields"); break; case 304: strcpy(errtext, "negative byte address"); break; case 306: strcpy(errtext, "negative number of elements"); break; case 307: strcpy(errtext, "bad first row number"); break; case 308: strcpy(errtext, "bad first element number"); break; case 309: strcpy(errtext, "not an ASCII (A) column"); break; case 310: strcpy(errtext, "not a logical (L) column"); break; case 311: strcpy(errtext, "bad ASCII table datatype"); break; case 312: strcpy(errtext, "bad binary table datatype"); break; case 314: strcpy(errtext, "null value not defined"); break; case 317: strcpy(errtext, "not a variable length column"); break; case 320: strcpy(errtext, "illegal number of dimensions"); break; case 321: strcpy(errtext, "1st pixel no. > last pixel no."); break; case 322: strcpy(errtext, "BSCALE or TSCALn = 0."); break; case 323: strcpy(errtext, "illegal axis length < 1"); break; case 340: strcpy(errtext, "not group table"); break; case 341: strcpy(errtext, "HDU already member of group"); break; case 342: strcpy(errtext, "group member not found"); break; case 343: strcpy(errtext, "group not found"); break; case 344: strcpy(errtext, "bad group id"); break; case 345: strcpy(errtext, "too many HDUs tracked"); break; case 346: strcpy(errtext, "HDU alread tracked"); break; case 347: strcpy(errtext, "bad Grouping option"); break; case 348: strcpy(errtext, "identical pointers (groups)"); break; case 360: strcpy(errtext, "malloc failed in parser"); break; case 361: strcpy(errtext, "file read error in parser"); break; case 362: strcpy(errtext, "null pointer arg (parser)"); break; case 363: strcpy(errtext, "empty line (parser)"); break; case 364: strcpy(errtext, "cannot unread > 1 line"); break; case 365: strcpy(errtext, "parser too deeply nested"); break; case 366: strcpy(errtext, "file open failed (parser)"); break; case 367: strcpy(errtext, "hit EOF (parser)"); break; case 368: strcpy(errtext, "bad argument (parser)"); break; case 369: strcpy(errtext, "unexpected token (parser)"); break; case 401: strcpy(errtext, "bad int to string conversion"); break; case 402: strcpy(errtext, "bad float to string conversion"); break; case 403: strcpy(errtext, "keyword value not integer"); break; case 404: strcpy(errtext, "keyword value not logical"); break; case 405: strcpy(errtext, "keyword value not floating pt"); break; case 406: strcpy(errtext, "keyword value not double"); break; case 407: strcpy(errtext, "bad string to int conversion"); break; case 408: strcpy(errtext, "bad string to float conversion"); break; case 409: strcpy(errtext, "bad string to double convert"); break; case 410: strcpy(errtext, "illegal datatype code value"); break; case 411: strcpy(errtext, "illegal no. of decimals"); break; case 412: strcpy(errtext, "datatype conversion overflow"); break; case 413: strcpy(errtext, "error compressing image"); break; case 414: strcpy(errtext, "error uncompressing image"); break; case 420: strcpy(errtext, "bad date or time conversion"); break; case 431: strcpy(errtext, "syntax error in expression"); break; case 432: strcpy(errtext, "expression result wrong type"); break; case 433: strcpy(errtext, "vector result too large"); break; case 434: strcpy(errtext, "missing output column"); break; case 435: strcpy(errtext, "bad data in parsed column"); break; case 436: strcpy(errtext, "output extension of wrong type"); break; case 501: strcpy(errtext, "WCS angle too large"); break; case 502: strcpy(errtext, "bad WCS coordinate"); break; case 503: strcpy(errtext, "error in WCS calculation"); break; case 504: strcpy(errtext, "bad WCS projection type"); break; case 505: strcpy(errtext, "WCS keywords not found"); break; default: strcpy(errtext, "unknown error status"); break; } } else { strcpy(errtext, "unknown error status"); } return; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void ffpmsg(const char *err_message) /* put message on to error stack */ { ffxmsg(PutMesg, (char *)err_message); return; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void ffpmrk(void) /* write a marker to the stack. It is then possible to pop only those messages following the marker off of the stack, leaving the previous messages unaffected. The marker is ignored by the ffgmsg routine. */ { char *dummy = 0; ffxmsg(PutMark, dummy); return; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgmsg(char *err_message) /* get oldest message from error stack, ignoring markers */ { ffxmsg(GetMesg, err_message); return(*err_message); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void ffcmsg(void) /* erase all messages in the error stack */ { char *dummy = 0; ffxmsg(DelAll, dummy); return; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void ffcmrk(void) /* erase newest messages in the error stack, stopping if a marker is found. The marker is also erased in this case. */ { char *dummy = 0; ffxmsg(DelMark, dummy); return; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void ffxmsg( int action, char *errmsg) /* general routine to get, put, or clear the error message stack. Use a static array rather than allocating memory as needed for the error messages because it is likely to be more efficient and simpler to implement. Action Code: DelAll 1 delete all messages on the error stack DelMark 2 delete messages back to and including the 1st marker DelNewest 3 delete the newest message from the stack GetMesg 4 pop and return oldest message, ignoring marks PutMesg 5 add a new message to the stack PutMark 6 add a marker to the stack */ { int ii; char markflag; static char *txtbuff[errmsgsiz], *tmpbuff, *msgptr; static char errbuff[errmsgsiz][81]; /* initialize all = \0 */ static int nummsg = 0; FFLOCK; if (action == DelAll) /* clear the whole message stack */ { for (ii = 0; ii < nummsg; ii ++) *txtbuff[ii] = '\0'; nummsg = 0; } else if (action == DelMark) /* clear up to and including first marker */ { while (nummsg > 0) { nummsg--; markflag = *txtbuff[nummsg]; /* store possible marker character */ *txtbuff[nummsg] = '\0'; /* clear the buffer for this msg */ if (markflag == ESMARKER) break; /* found a marker, so quit */ } } else if (action == DelNewest) /* remove newest message from stack */ { if (nummsg > 0) { nummsg--; *txtbuff[nummsg] = '\0'; /* clear the buffer for this msg */ } } else if (action == GetMesg) /* pop and return oldest message from stack */ { /* ignoring markers */ while (nummsg > 0) { strcpy(errmsg, txtbuff[0]); /* copy oldest message to output */ *txtbuff[0] = '\0'; /* clear the buffer for this msg */ nummsg--; for (ii = 0; ii < nummsg; ii++) txtbuff[ii] = txtbuff[ii + 1]; /* shift remaining pointers */ if (errmsg[0] != ESMARKER) { /* quit if this is not a marker */ FFUNLOCK; return; } } errmsg[0] = '\0'; /* no messages in the stack */ } else if (action == PutMesg) /* add new message to stack */ { msgptr = errmsg; while (strlen(msgptr)) { if (nummsg == errmsgsiz) { tmpbuff = txtbuff[0]; /* buffers full; reuse oldest buffer */ *txtbuff[0] = '\0'; /* clear the buffer for this msg */ nummsg--; for (ii = 0; ii < nummsg; ii++) txtbuff[ii] = txtbuff[ii + 1]; /* shift remaining pointers */ txtbuff[nummsg] = tmpbuff; /* set pointer for the new message */ } else { for (ii = 0; ii < errmsgsiz; ii++) { if (*errbuff[ii] == '\0') /* find first empty buffer */ { txtbuff[nummsg] = errbuff[ii]; break; } } } strncat(txtbuff[nummsg], msgptr, 80); nummsg++; msgptr += minvalue(80, strlen(msgptr)); } } else if (action == PutMark) /* put a marker on the stack */ { if (nummsg == errmsgsiz) { tmpbuff = txtbuff[0]; /* buffers full; reuse oldest buffer */ *txtbuff[0] = '\0'; /* clear the buffer for this msg */ nummsg--; for (ii = 0; ii < nummsg; ii++) txtbuff[ii] = txtbuff[ii + 1]; /* shift remaining pointers */ txtbuff[nummsg] = tmpbuff; /* set pointer for the new message */ } else { for (ii = 0; ii < errmsgsiz; ii++) { if (*errbuff[ii] == '\0') /* find first empty buffer */ { txtbuff[nummsg] = errbuff[ii]; break; } } } *txtbuff[nummsg] = ESMARKER; /* write the marker */ *(txtbuff[nummsg] + 1) = '\0'; nummsg++; } FFUNLOCK; return; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpxsz(int datatype) /* return the number of bytes per pixel associated with the datatype */ { if (datatype == TBYTE) return(sizeof(char)); else if (datatype == TUSHORT) return(sizeof(short)); else if (datatype == TSHORT) return(sizeof(short)); else if (datatype == TULONG) return(sizeof(long)); else if (datatype == TLONG) return(sizeof(long)); else if (datatype == TINT) return(sizeof(int)); else if (datatype == TUINT) return(sizeof(int)); else if (datatype == TFLOAT) return(sizeof(float)); else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) return(sizeof(double)); else if (datatype == TLOGICAL) return(sizeof(char)); else return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fftkey(const char *keyword, /* I - keyword name */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Test that the keyword name conforms to the FITS standard. Must contain only capital letters, digits, minus or underscore chars. Trailing spaces are allowed. If the input status value is less than zero, then the test is modified so that upper or lower case letters are allowed, and no error messages are printed if the keyword is not legal. */ { size_t maxchr, ii; int spaces=0; char msg[FLEN_ERRMSG], testchar; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); maxchr=strlen(keyword); if (maxchr > 8) maxchr = 8; for (ii = 0; ii < maxchr; ii++) { if (*status == 0) testchar = keyword[ii]; else testchar = toupper(keyword[ii]); if ( (testchar >= 'A' && testchar <= 'Z') || (testchar >= '0' && testchar <= '9') || testchar == '-' || testchar == '_' ) { if (spaces) { if (*status == 0) { /* don't print error message if status < 0 */ snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Keyword name contains embedded space(s): %.8s", keyword); ffpmsg(msg); } return(*status = BAD_KEYCHAR); } } else if (keyword[ii] == ' ') spaces = 1; else { if (*status == 0) { /* don't print error message if status < 0 */ snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Character %d in this keyword is illegal: %.8s", (int) (ii+1), keyword); ffpmsg(msg); /* explicitly flag the 2 most common cases */ if (keyword[ii] == 0) ffpmsg(" (This a NULL (0) character)."); else if (keyword[ii] == 9) ffpmsg(" (This an ASCII TAB (9) character)."); } return(*status = BAD_KEYCHAR); } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fftrec(char *card, /* I - keyword card to test */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Test that the keyword card conforms to the FITS standard. Must contain only printable ASCII characters; */ { size_t ii, maxchr; char msg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); maxchr = strlen(card); for (ii = 8; ii < maxchr; ii++) { if (card[ii] < 32 || card[ii] > 126) { snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Character %d in this keyword is illegal. Hex Value = %X", (int) (ii+1), (int) card[ii] ); if (card[ii] == 0) strncat(msg, " (NULL char.)",FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(msg)-1); else if (card[ii] == 9) strncat(msg, " (TAB char.)",FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(msg)-1); else if (card[ii] == 10) strncat(msg, " (Line Feed char.)",FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(msg)-1); else if (card[ii] == 11) strncat(msg, " (Vertical Tab)",FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(msg)-1); else if (card[ii] == 12) strncat(msg, " (Form Feed char.)",FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(msg)-1); else if (card[ii] == 13) strncat(msg, " (Carriage Return)",FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(msg)-1); else if (card[ii] == 27) strncat(msg, " (Escape char.)",FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(msg)-1); else if (card[ii] == 127) strncat(msg, " (Delete char.)",FLEN_ERRMSG-strlen(msg)-1); ffpmsg(msg); strncpy(msg, card, 80); msg[80] = '\0'; ffpmsg(msg); return(*status = BAD_KEYCHAR); } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void ffupch(char *string) /* convert string to upper case, in place. */ { size_t len, ii; len = strlen(string); for (ii = 0; ii < len; ii++) string[ii] = toupper(string[ii]); return; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffmkky(const char *keyname, /* I - keyword name */ char *value, /* I - keyword value */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ char *card, /* O - constructed keyword card */ int *status) /* IO - status value */ /* Make a complete FITS 80-byte keyword card from the input name, value and comment strings. Output card is null terminated without any trailing blanks. */ { size_t namelen, len, ii; char tmpname[FLEN_KEYWORD], tmpname2[FLEN_KEYWORD],*cptr; char *saveptr; int tstatus = -1, nblank = 0, ntoken = 0, maxlen = 0, specialchar = 0; if (*status > 0) return(*status); *tmpname = '\0'; *tmpname2 = '\0'; *card = '\0'; /* skip leading blanks in the name */ while(*(keyname + nblank) == ' ') nblank++; strncat(tmpname, keyname + nblank, FLEN_KEYWORD - 1); len = strlen(value); namelen = strlen(tmpname); /* delete non-significant trailing blanks in the name */ if (namelen) { cptr = tmpname + namelen - 1; while(*cptr == ' ') { *cptr = '\0'; cptr--; } namelen = cptr - tmpname + 1; } /* check that the name does not contain an '=' (equals sign) */ if (strchr(tmpname, '=') ) { ffpmsg("Illegal keyword name; contains an equals sign (=)"); ffpmsg(tmpname); return(*status = BAD_KEYCHAR); } if (namelen <= 8 && fftkey(tmpname, &tstatus) <= 0 ) { /* a normal 8-char (or less) FITS keyword. */ strcat(card, tmpname); /* copy keyword name to buffer */ for (ii = namelen; ii < 8; ii++) card[ii] = ' '; /* pad keyword name with spaces */ card[8] = '='; /* append '= ' in columns 9-10 */ card[9] = ' '; card[10] = '\0'; /* terminate the partial string */ namelen = 10; } else if ((FSTRNCMP(tmpname, "HIERARCH ", 9) == 0) || (FSTRNCMP(tmpname, "hierarch ", 9) == 0) ) { /* this is an explicit ESO HIERARCH keyword */ strcat(card, tmpname); /* copy keyword name to buffer */ if (namelen + 3 + len > 80) { /* save 1 char by not putting a space before the equals sign */ strcat(card, "= "); namelen += 2; } else { strcat(card, " = "); namelen += 3; } } else { /* scan the keyword name to determine the number and max length of the tokens */ /* and test if any of the tokens contain nonstandard characters */ strncat(tmpname2, tmpname, FLEN_KEYWORD - 1); cptr = ffstrtok(tmpname2, " ",&saveptr); while (cptr) { if (strlen(cptr) > maxlen) maxlen = strlen(cptr); /* find longest token */ /* name contains special characters? */ tstatus = -1; /* suppress any error message */ if (fftkey(cptr, &tstatus) > 0) specialchar = 1; cptr = ffstrtok(NULL, " ",&saveptr); ntoken++; } tstatus = -1; /* suppress any error message */ /* if (ntoken > 1) { */ if (ntoken > 0) { /* temporarily change so that this case should always be true */ /* for now at least, treat all cases as an implicit ESO HIERARCH keyword. */ /* This could change if FITS is ever expanded to directly support longer keywords. */ if (namelen + 11 > FLEN_CARD-1) { ffpmsg( "The following keyword is too long to fit on a card:"); ffpmsg(keyname); return(*status = BAD_KEYCHAR); } strcat(card, "HIERARCH "); strcat(card, tmpname); namelen += 9; if (namelen + 3 + len > 80) { /* save 1 char by not putting a space before the equals sign */ strcat(card, "= "); namelen += 2; } else { strcat(card, " = "); namelen += 3; } } else if ((fftkey(tmpname, &tstatus) <= 0)) { /* should never get here (at least for now) */ /* allow keyword names longer than 8 characters */ strncat(card, tmpname, FLEN_KEYWORD - 1); strcat(card, "= "); namelen += 2; } else { /* should never get here (at least for now) */ ffpmsg("Illegal keyword name:"); ffpmsg(tmpname); return(*status = BAD_KEYCHAR); } } if (len > 0) /* now process the value string */ { if (value[0] == '\'') /* is this a quoted string value? */ { if (namelen > 77) { ffpmsg( "The following keyword + value is too long to fit on a card:"); ffpmsg(keyname); ffpmsg(value); return(*status = BAD_KEYCHAR); } strncat(card, value, 80 - namelen); /* append the value string */ len = minvalue(80, namelen + len); /* restore the closing quote if it got truncated */ if (len == 80) { card[79] = '\''; } if (comm) { if (comm[0] != 0) { if (len < 30) { for (ii = len; ii < 30; ii++) card[ii] = ' '; /* fill with spaces to col 30 */ card[30] = '\0'; len = 30; } } } } else { if (namelen + len > 80) { ffpmsg( "The following keyword + value is too long to fit on a card:"); ffpmsg(keyname); ffpmsg(value); return(*status = BAD_KEYCHAR); } else if (namelen + len < 30) { /* add spaces so field ends at least in col 30 */ strncat(card, " ", 30 - (namelen + len)); } strncat(card, value, 80 - namelen); /* append the value string */ len = minvalue(80, namelen + len); len = maxvalue(30, len); } if (comm) { if ((len < 77) && ( strlen(comm) > 0) ) /* room for a comment? */ { strcat(card, " / "); /* append comment separator */ strncat(card, comm, 77 - len); /* append comment (what fits) */ } } } else { if (namelen == 10) /* This case applies to normal keywords only */ { card[8] = ' '; /* keywords with no value have no '=' */ if (comm) { strncat(card, comm, 80 - namelen); /* append comment (what fits) */ } } } /* issue a warning if this keyword does not strictly conform to the standard HIERARCH convention, which requires, 1) at least 2 tokens in the name, 2) no tokens longer than 8 characters, and 3) no special characters in any of the tokens */ if (ntoken == 1 || specialchar == 1) { ffpmsg("Warning: the following keyword does not conform to the HIERARCH convention"); /* ffpmsg(" (e.g., name is not hierarchical or contains non-standard characters)."); */ ffpmsg(card); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffmkey(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *card, /* I - card string value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* replace the previously read card (i.e. starting 80 bytes before the (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey position) with the contents of the input card. */ { char tcard[81]; size_t len, ii; int keylength = 8; /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); strncpy(tcard,card,80); tcard[80] = '\0'; len = strlen(tcard); /* silently replace any illegal characters with a space */ for (ii=0; ii < len; ii++) if (tcard[ii] < ' ' || tcard[ii] > 126) tcard[ii] = ' '; for (ii=len; ii < 80; ii++) /* fill card with spaces if necessary */ tcard[ii] = ' '; keylength = strcspn(tcard, "="); if (keylength == 80) keylength = 8; for (ii=0; ii < keylength; ii++) /* make sure keyword name is uppercase */ tcard[ii] = toupper(tcard[ii]); fftkey(tcard, status); /* test keyword name contains legal chars */ /* no need to do this any more, since any illegal characters have been removed fftrec(tcard, status); */ /* test rest of keyword for legal chars */ /* move position of keyword to be over written */ ffmbyt(fptr, ((fptr->Fptr)->nextkey) - 80, REPORT_EOF, status); ffpbyt(fptr, 80, tcard, status); /* write the 80 byte card */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffkeyn(const char *keyroot, /* I - root string for keyword name */ int value, /* I - index number to be appended to root name */ char *keyname, /* O - output root + index keyword name */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Construct a keyword name string by appending the index number to the root. e.g., if root = "TTYPE" and value = 12 then keyname = "TTYPE12". */ { char suffix[16]; size_t rootlen; keyname[0] = '\0'; /* initialize output name to null */ rootlen = strlen(keyroot); if (rootlen == 0 || value < 0 ) return(*status = 206); snprintf(suffix, 16, "%d", value); /* construct keyword suffix */ strcpy(keyname, keyroot); /* copy root string to name string */ while (rootlen > 0 && keyname[rootlen - 1] == ' ') { rootlen--; /* remove trailing spaces in root name */ keyname[rootlen] = '\0'; } if (strlen(suffix) + strlen(keyname) > 8) return (*status=206); strcat(keyname, suffix); /* append suffix to the root */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffnkey(int value, /* I - index number to be appended to root name */ const char *keyroot, /* I - root string for keyword name */ char *keyname, /* O - output root + index keyword name */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Construct a keyword name string by appending the root string to the index number. e.g., if root = "TTYPE" and value = 12 then keyname = "12TTYPE". */ { size_t rootlen; keyname[0] = '\0'; /* initialize output name to null */ rootlen = strlen(keyroot); if (rootlen == 0 || rootlen > 7 || value < 0 ) return(*status = 206); snprintf(keyname, FLEN_VALUE,"%d", value); /* construct keyword prefix */ if (rootlen + strlen(keyname) > 8) return(*status = 206); strcat(keyname, keyroot); /* append root to the prefix */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpsvc(char *card, /* I - FITS header card (nominally 80 bytes long) */ char *value, /* O - value string parsed from the card */ char *comm, /* O - comment string parsed from the card */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* ParSe the Value and Comment strings from the input header card string. If the card contains a quoted string value, the returned value string includes the enclosing quote characters. If comm = NULL, don't return the comment string. */ { int jj; size_t ii, cardlen, nblank, valpos; char strbuf[21]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); value[0] = '\0'; if (comm) comm[0] = '\0'; cardlen = strlen(card); if (cardlen >= FLEN_CARD) { strncpy(strbuf,card,20); strbuf[20]='\0'; ffpmsg("The card string starting with the chars below is too long:"); ffpmsg(strbuf); return(*status = BAD_KEYCHAR); } /* support for ESO HIERARCH keywords; find the '=' */ if (FSTRNCMP(card, "HIERARCH ", 9) == 0) { valpos = strcspn(card, "="); if (valpos == cardlen) /* no value indicator ??? */ { if (comm != NULL) { if (cardlen > 8) { strcpy(comm, &card[8]); jj=cardlen - 8; for (jj--; jj >= 0; jj--) /* replace trailing blanks with nulls */ { if (comm[jj] == ' ') comm[jj] = '\0'; else break; } } } return(*status); /* no value indicator */ } valpos++; /* point to the position after the '=' */ } else if (cardlen < 9 || FSTRNCMP(card, "COMMENT ", 8) == 0 || /* keywords with no value */ FSTRNCMP(card, "HISTORY ", 8) == 0 || FSTRNCMP(card, "END ", 8) == 0 || FSTRNCMP(card, "CONTINUE", 8) == 0 || FSTRNCMP(card, " ", 8) == 0 ) { /* no value, so the comment extends from cols 9 - 80 */ if (comm != NULL) { if (cardlen > 8) { strcpy(comm, &card[8]); jj=cardlen - 8; for (jj--; jj >= 0; jj--) /* replace trailing blanks with nulls */ { if (comm[jj] == ' ') comm[jj] = '\0'; else break; } } } return(*status); } else if (FSTRNCMP(&card[8], "= ", 2) == 0 ) { /* normal keyword with '= ' in cols 9-10 */ valpos = 10; /* starting position of the value field */ } else { valpos = strcspn(card, "="); if (valpos == cardlen) /* no value indicator ??? */ { if (comm != NULL) { if (cardlen > 8) { strcpy(comm, &card[8]); jj=cardlen - 8; for (jj--; jj >= 0; jj--) /* replace trailing blanks with nulls */ { if (comm[jj] == ' ') comm[jj] = '\0'; else break; } } } return(*status); /* no value indicator */ } valpos++; /* point to the position after the '=' */ } nblank = strspn(&card[valpos], " "); /* find number of leading blanks */ if (nblank + valpos == cardlen) { /* the absence of a value string is legal, and simply indicates that the keyword value is undefined. Don't write an error message in this case. */ return(*status); } ii = valpos + nblank; if (card[ii] == '/' ) /* slash indicates start of the comment */ { ii++; } else if (card[ii] == '\'' ) /* is this a quoted string value? */ { value[0] = card[ii]; for (jj=1, ii++; ii < cardlen && jj < FLEN_VALUE-1; ii++, jj++) { if (card[ii] == '\'') /* is this the closing quote? */ { if (card[ii+1] == '\'') /* 2 successive quotes? */ { value[jj] = card[ii]; ii++; jj++; } else { value[jj] = card[ii]; break; /* found the closing quote, so exit this loop */ } } value[jj] = card[ii]; /* copy the next character to the output */ } if (ii == cardlen || jj == FLEN_VALUE-1) { jj = minvalue(jj, FLEN_VALUE-2); /* don't exceed 70 char string length */ value[jj] = '\''; /* close the bad value string */ value[jj+1] = '\0'; /* terminate the bad value string */ ffpmsg("This keyword string value has no closing quote:"); ffpmsg(card); /* May 2008 - modified to not fail on this minor error */ /* return(*status = NO_QUOTE); */ } else { value[jj+1] = '\0'; /* terminate the good value string */ ii++; /* point to the character following the value */ } } else if (card[ii] == '(' ) /* is this a complex value? */ { nblank = strcspn(&card[ii], ")" ); /* find closing ) */ if (nblank == strlen( &card[ii] ) || nblank >= FLEN_VALUE-1 ) { ffpmsg("This complex keyword value has no closing ')' within range:"); ffpmsg(card); return(*status = NO_QUOTE); } nblank++; strncpy(value, &card[ii], nblank); value[nblank] = '\0'; ii = ii + nblank; } else /* an integer, floating point, or logical FITS value string */ { nblank = strcspn(&card[ii], " /"); /* find the end of the token */ if (nblank >= FLEN_VALUE) /* This should not happen for correct input */ nblank = FLEN_VALUE-1; strncpy(value, &card[ii], nblank); value[nblank] = '\0'; ii = ii + nblank; } /* now find the comment string, if any */ if (comm) { nblank = strspn(&card[ii], " "); /* find next non-space character */ ii = ii + nblank; if (ii < 80) { if (card[ii] == '/') /* ignore the slash separator */ { ii++; if (card[ii] == ' ') /* also ignore the following space */ ii++; } strncpy(comm, &card[ii],FLEN_COMMENT-1); /* copy the remaining characters */ comm[FLEN_COMMENT-1] = '\0'; jj=strlen(comm); for (jj--; jj >= 0; jj--) /* replace trailing blanks with nulls */ { if (comm[jj] == ' ') comm[jj] = '\0'; else break; } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgthd(char *tmplt, /* I - input header template string */ char *card, /* O - returned FITS header record */ int *hdtype, /* O - how to interpreter the returned card string */ /* -2 = modify the name of a keyword; the old keyword name is returned starting at address chars[0]; the new name is returned starting at address char[40] (to be consistent with the Fortran version). Both names are null terminated. -1 = card contains the name of a keyword that is to be deleted 0 = append this keyword if it doesn't already exist, or modify the value if the keyword already exists. 1 = append this comment keyword ('HISTORY', 'COMMENT', or blank keyword name) 2 = this is the END keyword; do not write it to the header */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* 'Get Template HeaDer' parse a template header line and create a formated character string which is suitable for appending to a FITS header */ { char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], value[140], comment[140]; char *tok, *suffix, *loc, tvalue[140]; int len, vlen, more, tstatus, lentok1=0, remainlen=0; double dval; if (*status > 0) return(*status); card[0] = '\0'; *hdtype = 0; if (!FSTRNCMP(tmplt, " ", 8) ) { /* if first 8 chars of template are blank, then this is a comment */ strncat(card, tmplt, 80); *hdtype = 1; return(*status); } tok = tmplt; /* point to start of template string */ keyname[0] = '\0'; value[0] = '\0'; comment[0] = '\0'; len = strspn(tok, " "); /* no. of spaces before keyword */ tok += len; /* test for pecular case where token is a string of dashes */ if (strncmp(tok, "--------------------", 20) == 0) return(*status = BAD_KEYCHAR); if (tok[0] == '-') /* is there a leading minus sign? */ { /* first token is name of keyword to be deleted or renamed */ *hdtype = -1; tok++; len = strspn(tok, " "); /* no. of spaces before keyword */ tok += len; len = strcspn(tok, " =+"); /* length of name */ if (len >= FLEN_KEYWORD) return(*status = BAD_KEYCHAR); lentok1 = len; strncat(card, tok, len); /* The HIERARCH convention supports non-standard characters in the keyword name, so don't always convert to upper case or abort if there are illegal characters in the name or if the name is greater than 8 characters long. */ if (len < 9) /* this is possibly a normal FITS keyword name */ { ffupch(card); tstatus = 0; if (fftkey(card, &tstatus) > 0) { /* name contained non-standard characters, so reset */ card[0] = '\0'; strncat(card, tok, len); } } tok += len; /* Check optional "+" indicator to delete multiple keywords */ if (tok[0] == '+' && len < FLEN_KEYWORD) { strcat(card, "+"); return (*status); } /* second token, if present, is the new name for the keyword */ len = strspn(tok, " "); /* no. of spaces before next token */ tok += len; if (tok[0] == '\0' || tok[0] == '=') return(*status); /* no second token */ *hdtype = -2; len = strcspn(tok, " "); /* length of new name */ /* this name has to fit on columns 41-80 of card, and first name must now fit in 1-40 */ if (lentok1 > 40) { card[0] = '\0'; return (*status = BAD_KEYCHAR); } if (len > 40) { card[0] = '\0'; return(*status = BAD_KEYCHAR); } /* copy the new name to card + 40; This is awkward, */ /* but is consistent with the way the Fortran FITSIO works */ strcat(card," "); strncpy(&card[40], tok, len); card[80] = '\0'; /* necessary to add terminator in case len = 40 */ /* The HIERARCH convention supports non-standard characters in the keyword name, so don't always convert to upper case or abort if there are illegal characters in the name or if the name is greater than 8 characters long. */ if (len < 9) /* this is possibly a normal FITS keyword name */ { ffupch(&card[40]); tstatus = 0; if (fftkey(&card[40], &tstatus) > 0) { /* name contained non-standard characters, so reset */ strncpy(&card[40], tok, len); } } } else /* no negative sign at beginning of template */ { /* get the keyword name token */ len = strcspn(tok, " ="); /* length of keyword name */ if (len >= FLEN_KEYWORD) return(*status = BAD_KEYCHAR); strncat(keyname, tok, len); /* The HIERARCH convention supports non-standard characters in the keyword name, so don't always convert to upper case or abort if there are illegal characters in the name or if the name is greater than 8 characters long. */ if (len < 9) /* this is possibly a normal FITS keyword name */ { ffupch(keyname); tstatus = 0; if (fftkey(keyname, &tstatus) > 0) { /* name contained non-standard characters, so reset */ keyname[0] = '\0'; strncat(keyname, tok, len); } } if (!FSTRCMP(keyname, "END") ) { strcpy(card, "END"); *hdtype = 2; return(*status); } tok += len; /* move token pointer to end of the keyword */ if (!FSTRCMP(keyname, "COMMENT") || !FSTRCMP(keyname, "HISTORY") || !FSTRCMP(keyname, "HIERARCH") ) { *hdtype = 1; /* simply append COMMENT and HISTORY keywords */ strcpy(card, keyname); strncat(card, tok, 72); return(*status); } /* look for the value token */ len = strspn(tok, " ="); /* spaces or = between name and value */ tok += len; if (*tok == '\'') /* is value enclosed in quotes? */ { more = TRUE; remainlen = 139; while (more) { tok++; /* temporarily move past the quote char */ len = strcspn(tok, "'"); /* length of quoted string */ tok--; if (len+2 > remainlen) return (*status=BAD_KEYCHAR); strncat(value, tok, len + 2); remainlen -= (len+2); tok += len + 1; if (tok[0] != '\'') /* check there is a closing quote */ return(*status = NO_QUOTE); tok++; if (tok[0] != '\'') /* 2 quote chars = literal quote */ more = FALSE; } } else if (*tok == '/' || *tok == '\0') /* There is no value */ { strcat(value, " "); } else /* not a quoted string value */ { len = strcspn(tok, " /"); /* length of value string */ if (len > 139) return (*status=BAD_KEYCHAR); strncat(value, tok, len); if (!( (tok[0] == 'T' || tok[0] == 'F') && (tok[1] == ' ' || tok[1] == '/' || tok[1] == '\0') )) { /* not a logical value */ dval = strtod(value, &suffix); /* try to read value as number */ if (*suffix != '\0' && *suffix != ' ' && *suffix != '/') { /* value not recognized as a number; might be because it */ /* contains a 'd' or 'D' exponent character */ strcpy(tvalue, value); if ((loc = strchr(tvalue, 'D'))) { *loc = 'E'; /* replace D's with E's. */ dval = strtod(tvalue, &suffix); /* read value again */ } else if ((loc = strchr(tvalue, 'd'))) { *loc = 'E'; /* replace d's with E's. */ dval = strtod(tvalue, &suffix); /* read value again */ } else if ((loc = strchr(tvalue, '.'))) { *loc = ','; /* replace period with a comma */ dval = strtod(tvalue, &suffix); /* read value again */ } } if (*suffix != '\0' && *suffix != ' ' && *suffix != '/') { /* value is not a number; must enclose it in quotes */ if (len > 137) return (*status=BAD_KEYCHAR); strcpy(value, "'"); strncat(value, tok, len); strcat(value, "'"); /* the following useless statement stops the compiler warning */ /* that dval is not used anywhere */ if (dval == 0.) len += (int) dval; } else { /* value is a number; convert any 'e' to 'E', or 'd' to 'D' */ loc = strchr(value, 'e'); if (loc) { *loc = 'E'; } else { loc = strchr(value, 'd'); if (loc) { *loc = 'D'; } } } } tok += len; } len = strspn(tok, " /"); /* no. of spaces between value and comment */ tok += len; vlen = strlen(value); if (vlen > 0 && vlen < 10 && value[0] == '\'') { /* pad quoted string with blanks so it is at least 8 chars long */ value[vlen-1] = '\0'; strncat(value, " ", 10 - vlen); strcat(&value[9], "'"); } /* get the comment string */ strncat(comment, tok, 70); /* construct the complete FITS header card */ ffmkky(keyname, value, comment, card, status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_translate_keyword( char *inrec, /* I - input string */ char *outrec, /* O - output converted string, or */ /* a null string if input does not */ /* match any of the patterns */ char *patterns[][2],/* I - pointer to input / output string */ /* templates */ int npat, /* I - number of templates passed */ int n_value, /* I - base 'n' template value of interest */ int n_offset, /* I - offset to be applied to the 'n' */ /* value in the output string */ int n_range, /* I - controls range of 'n' template */ /* values of interest (-1,0, or +1) */ int *pat_num, /* O - matched pattern number (0 based) or -1 */ int *i, /* O - value of i, if any, else 0 */ int *j, /* O - value of j, if any, else 0 */ int *m, /* O - value of m, if any, else 0 */ int *n, /* O - value of n, if any, else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Translate a keyword name to a new name, based on a set of patterns. The user passes an array of patterns to be matched. Input pattern number i is pattern[i][0], and output pattern number i is pattern[i][1]. Keywords are matched against the input patterns. If a match is found then the keyword is re-written according to the output pattern. Order is important. The first match is accepted. The fastest match will be made when templates with the same first character are grouped together. Several characters have special meanings: i,j - single digits, preserved in output template n - column number of one or more digits, preserved in output template m - generic number of one or more digits, preserved in output template a - coordinate designator, preserved in output template # - number of one or more digits ? - any character * - only allowed in first character position, to match all keywords; only useful as last pattern in the list i, j, n, and m are returned by the routine. For example, the input pattern "iCTYPn" will match "1CTYP5" (if n_value is 5); the output pattern "CTYPEi" will be re-written as "CTYPE1". Notice that "i" is preserved. The following output patterns are special Special output pattern characters: "-" - do not copy a keyword that matches the corresponding input pattern "+" - copy the input unchanged The inrec string could be just the 8-char keyword name, or the entire 80-char header record. Characters 9 = 80 in the input string simply get appended to the translated keyword name. If n_range = 0, then only keywords with 'n' equal to n_value will be considered as a pattern match. If n_range = +1, then all values of 'n' greater than or equal to n_value will be a match, and if -1, then values of 'n' less than or equal to n_value will match. This routine was written by Craig Markwardt, GSFC */ { int i1 = 0, j1 = 0, n1 = 0, m1 = 0; int fac; char a = ' '; char oldp; char c, s; int ip, ic, pat, pass = 0, firstfail; char *spat; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if ((inrec == 0) || (outrec == 0)) return (*status = NULL_INPUT_PTR); *outrec = '\0'; /* if (*inrec == '\0') return 0; */ if (*inrec == '\0') /* expand to full 8 char blank keyword name */ strcpy(inrec, " "); oldp = '\0'; firstfail = 0; /* ===== Pattern match stage */ for (pat=0; pat < npat; pat++) { spat = patterns[pat][0]; i1 = 0; j1 = 0; m1 = -1; n1 = -1; a = ' '; /* Initialize the place-holders */ pass = 0; /* Pass the wildcard pattern */ if (spat[0] == '*') { pass = 1; break; } /* Optimization: if we have seen this initial pattern character before, then it must have failed, and we can skip the pattern */ if (firstfail && spat[0] == oldp) continue; oldp = spat[0]; /* ip = index of pattern character being matched ic = index of keyname character being matched firstfail = 1 if we fail on the first characteor (0=not) */ for (ip=0, ic=0, firstfail=1; (spat[ip]) && (ic < 8); ip++, ic++, firstfail=0) { c = inrec[ic]; s = spat[ip]; if (s == 'i') { /* Special pattern: 'i' placeholder */ if (isdigit(c)) { i1 = c - '0'; pass = 1;} } else if (s == 'j') { /* Special pattern: 'j' placeholder */ if (isdigit(c)) { j1 = c - '0'; pass = 1;} } else if ((s == 'n')||(s == 'm')||(s == '#')) { /* Special patterns: multi-digit number */ int val = 0; pass = 0; if (isdigit(c)) { pass = 1; /* NOTE, could fail below */ /* Parse decimal number */ while (ic<8 && isdigit(c)) { val = val*10 + (c - '0'); ic++; c = inrec[ic]; } ic--; c = inrec[ic]; if (s == 'n') { /* Is it a column number? */ if ( val >= 1 && val <= 999 && /* Row range check */ (((n_range == 0) && (val == n_value)) || /* Strict equality */ ((n_range == -1) && (val <= n_value)) || /* n <= n_value */ ((n_range == +1) && (val >= n_value))) ) { /* n >= n_value */ n1 = val; } else { pass = 0; } } else if (s == 'm') { /* Generic number */ m1 = val; } } } else if (s == 'a') { /* Special pattern: coordinate designator */ if (isupper(c) || c == ' ') { a = c; pass = 1;} } else if (s == '?') { /* Match any individual character */ pass = 1; } else if (c == s) { /* Match a specific character */ pass = 1; } else { /* FAIL */ pass = 0; } if (!pass) break; } /* Must pass to the end of the keyword. No partial matches allowed */ if (pass && (ic >= 8 || inrec[ic] == ' ')) break; } /* Transfer the pattern-matched numbers to the output parameters */ if (i) { *i = i1; } if (j) { *j = j1; } if (n) { *n = n1; } if (m) { *m = m1; } if (pat_num) { *pat_num = pat; } /* ===== Keyword rewriting and output stage */ spat = patterns[pat][1]; /* Return case: explicit deletion, return '-' */ if (pass && strcmp(spat,"--") == 0) { strcpy(outrec, "-"); strncat(outrec, inrec, 8); outrec[9] = 0; for(i1=8; i1>1 && outrec[i1] == ' '; i1--) outrec[i1] = 0; return 0; } /* Return case: no match, or do-not-transfer pattern */ if (pass == 0 || spat[0] == '\0' || strcmp(spat,"-") == 0) return 0; /* A match: we start by copying the input record to the output */ strcpy(outrec, inrec); /* Return case: return the input record unchanged */ if (spat[0] == '+') return 0; /* Final case: a new output pattern */ for (ip=0, ic=0; spat[ip]; ip++, ic++) { s = spat[ip]; if (s == 'i') { outrec[ic] = (i1+'0'); } else if (s == 'j') { outrec[ic] = (j1+'0'); } else if (s == 'n') { if (n1 == -1) { n1 = n_value; } if (n1 > 0) { n1 += n_offset; for (fac = 1; (n1/fac) > 0; fac *= 10); fac /= 10; while(fac > 0) { outrec[ic] = ((n1/fac) % 10) + '0'; fac /= 10; ic ++; } ic--; } } else if (s == 'm' && m1 >= 0) { for (fac = 1; (m1/fac) > 0; fac *= 10); fac /= 10; while(fac > 0) { outrec[ic] = ((m1/fac) % 10) + '0'; fac /= 10; ic ++; } ic --; } else if (s == 'a') { outrec[ic] = a; } else { outrec[ic] = s; } } /* Pad the keyword name with spaces */ for ( ; ic<8; ic++) { outrec[ic] = ' '; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_translate_keywords( fitsfile *infptr, /* I - pointer to input HDU */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* I - pointer to output HDU */ int firstkey, /* I - first HDU record number to start with */ char *patterns[][2],/* I - pointer to input / output keyword templates */ int npat, /* I - number of templates passed */ int n_value, /* I - base 'n' template value of interest */ int n_offset, /* I - offset to be applied to the 'n' */ /* value in the output string */ int n_range, /* I - controls range of 'n' template */ /* values of interest (-1,0, or +1) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy relevant keywords from the table header into the newly created primary array header. Convert names of keywords where appropriate. See fits_translate_keyword() for the definitions. Translation begins at header record number 'firstkey', and continues to the end of the header. This routine was written by Craig Markwardt, GSFC */ { int nrec, nkeys, nmore; char rec[FLEN_CARD]; int i = 0, j = 0, n = 0, m = 0; int pat_num = 0, maxchr, ii; char outrec[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); ffghsp(infptr, &nkeys, &nmore, status); /* get number of keywords */ for (nrec = firstkey; (*status == 0) && (nrec <= nkeys); nrec++) { outrec[0] = '\0'; ffgrec(infptr, nrec, rec, status); /* silently overlook any illegal ASCII characters in the value or */ /* comment fields of the record. It is usually not appropriate to */ /* abort the process because of this minor transgression of the FITS rules. */ /* Set the offending character to a blank */ maxchr = strlen(rec); for (ii = 8; ii < maxchr; ii++) { if (rec[ii] < 32 || rec[ii] > 126) rec[ii] = ' '; } fits_translate_keyword(rec, outrec, patterns, npat, n_value, n_offset, n_range, &pat_num, &i, &j, &m, &n, status); if (*status == 0) { if (outrec[0] == '-') { /* prefix -KEYNAME means delete */ int i1; /* Preserve only the keyword portion of name */ outrec[9] = 0; for(i1=8; i1>1 && outrec[i1] == ' '; i1--) outrec[i1] = 0; ffpmrk(); ffdkey(outfptr, outrec+1, status); /* delete the keyword */ if (*status == 0) { int nkeys1; /* get number of keywords again in case of change*/ ffghsp(infptr, &nkeys1, &nmore, status); if (nkeys1 != nkeys) { nrec --; nkeys = nkeys1; } } *status = 0; ffcmrk(); } else if (outrec[0]) { ffprec(outfptr, outrec, status); /* copy the keyword */ } } rec[8] = 0; outrec[8] = 0; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_copy_pixlist2image( fitsfile *infptr, /* I - pointer to input HDU */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* I - pointer to output HDU */ int firstkey, /* I - first HDU record number to start with */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the image */ int *colnum, /* I - numbers of the columns to be binned */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy relevant keywords from the pixel list table header into a newly created primary array header. Convert names of keywords where appropriate. See fits_translate_pixkeyword() for the definitions. Translation begins at header record number 'firstkey', and continues to the end of the header. */ { int nrec, nkeys, nmore; char rec[FLEN_CARD], outrec[FLEN_CARD]; int pat_num = 0, npat; int iret, jret, nret, mret, lret; char *patterns[][2] = { {"TCTYPn", "CTYPEn" }, {"TCTYna", "CTYPEna" }, {"TCUNIn", "CUNITn" }, {"TCUNna", "CUNITna" }, {"TCRVLn", "CRVALn" }, {"TCRVna", "CRVALna" }, {"TCDLTn", "CDELTn" }, {"TCDEna", "CDELTna" }, {"TCRPXn", "CRPIXn" }, {"TCRPna", "CRPIXna" }, {"TCROTn", "CROTAn" }, {"TPn_ma", "PCn_ma" }, {"TPCn_m", "PCn_ma" }, {"TCn_ma", "CDn_ma" }, {"TCDn_m", "CDn_ma" }, {"TVn_la", "PVn_la" }, {"TPVn_l", "PVn_la" }, {"TSn_la", "PSn_la" }, {"TPSn_l", "PSn_la" }, {"TWCSna", "WCSNAMEa" }, {"TCNAna", "CNAMEna" }, {"TCRDna", "CRDERna" }, {"TCSYna", "CSYERna" }, {"LONPna", "LONPOLEa" }, {"LATPna", "LATPOLEa" }, {"EQUIna", "EQUINOXa" }, {"MJDOBn", "MJD-OBS" }, {"MJDAn", "MJD-AVG" }, {"DAVGn", "DATE-AVG" }, {"RADEna", "RADESYSa" }, {"RFRQna", "RESTFRQa" }, {"RWAVna", "RESTWAVa" }, {"SPECna", "SPECSYSa" }, {"SOBSna", "SSYSOBSa" }, {"SSRCna", "SSYSSRCa" }, /* preserve common keywords */ {"LONPOLEa", "+" }, {"LATPOLEa", "+" }, {"EQUINOXa", "+" }, {"EPOCH", "+" }, {"MJD-????", "+" }, {"DATE????", "+" }, {"TIME????", "+" }, {"RADESYSa", "+" }, {"RADECSYS", "+" }, {"TELESCOP", "+" }, {"INSTRUME", "+" }, {"OBSERVER", "+" }, {"OBJECT", "+" }, /* Delete general table column keywords */ {"XTENSION", "-" }, {"BITPIX", "-" }, {"NAXIS", "-" }, {"NAXISi", "-" }, {"PCOUNT", "-" }, {"GCOUNT", "-" }, {"TFIELDS", "-" }, {"TDIM#", "-" }, {"THEAP", "-" }, {"EXTNAME", "-" }, {"EXTVER", "-" }, {"EXTLEVEL","-" }, {"CHECKSUM","-" }, {"DATASUM", "-" }, {"NAXLEN", "-" }, {"AXLEN#", "-" }, {"CPREF", "-" }, /* Delete table keywords related to other columns */ {"T????#a", "-" }, {"TC??#a", "-" }, {"T??#_#", "-" }, {"TWCS#a", "-" }, {"LONP#a", "-" }, {"LATP#a", "-" }, {"EQUI#a", "-" }, {"MJDOB#", "-" }, {"MJDA#", "-" }, {"RADE#a", "-" }, {"DAVG#", "-" }, {"iCTYP#", "-" }, {"iCTY#a", "-" }, {"iCUNI#", "-" }, {"iCUN#a", "-" }, {"iCRVL#", "-" }, {"iCDLT#", "-" }, {"iCRPX#", "-" }, {"iCTY#a", "-" }, {"iCUN#a", "-" }, {"iCRV#a", "-" }, {"iCDE#a", "-" }, {"iCRP#a", "-" }, {"ijPC#a", "-" }, {"ijCD#a", "-" }, {"iV#_#a", "-" }, {"iS#_#a", "-" }, {"iCRD#a", "-" }, {"iCSY#a", "-" }, {"iCROT#", "-" }, {"WCAX#a", "-" }, {"WCSN#a", "-" }, {"iCNA#a", "-" }, {"*", "+" }}; /* copy all other keywords */ if (*status > 0) return(*status); npat = sizeof(patterns)/sizeof(patterns[0][0])/2; ffghsp(infptr, &nkeys, &nmore, status); /* get number of keywords */ for (nrec = firstkey; nrec <= nkeys; nrec++) { outrec[0] = '\0'; ffgrec(infptr, nrec, rec, status); fits_translate_pixkeyword(rec, outrec, patterns, npat, naxis, colnum, &pat_num, &iret, &jret, &nret, &mret, &lret, status); if (outrec[0]) { ffprec(outfptr, outrec, status); /* copy the keyword */ } rec[8] = 0; outrec[8] = 0; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_translate_pixkeyword( char *inrec, /* I - input string */ char *outrec, /* O - output converted string, or */ /* a null string if input does not */ /* match any of the patterns */ char *patterns[][2],/* I - pointer to input / output string */ /* templates */ int npat, /* I - number of templates passed */ int naxis, /* I - number of columns to be binned */ int *colnum, /* I - numbers of the columns to be binned */ int *pat_num, /* O - matched pattern number (0 based) or -1 */ int *i, int *j, int *n, int *m, int *l, int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Translate a keyword name to a new name, based on a set of patterns. The user passes an array of patterns to be matched. Input pattern number i is pattern[i][0], and output pattern number i is pattern[i][1]. Keywords are matched against the input patterns. If a match is found then the keyword is re-written according to the output pattern. Order is important. The first match is accepted. The fastest match will be made when templates with the same first character are grouped together. Several characters have special meanings: i,j - single digits, preserved in output template n, m - column number of one or more digits, preserved in output template k - generic number of one or more digits, preserved in output template a - coordinate designator, preserved in output template # - number of one or more digits ? - any character * - only allowed in first character position, to match all keywords; only useful as last pattern in the list i, j, n, and m are returned by the routine. For example, the input pattern "iCTYPn" will match "1CTYP5" (if n_value is 5); the output pattern "CTYPEi" will be re-written as "CTYPE1". Notice that "i" is preserved. The following output patterns are special Special output pattern characters: "-" - do not copy a keyword that matches the corresponding input pattern "+" - copy the input unchanged The inrec string could be just the 8-char keyword name, or the entire 80-char header record. Characters 9 = 80 in the input string simply get appended to the translated keyword name. If n_range = 0, then only keywords with 'n' equal to n_value will be considered as a pattern match. If n_range = +1, then all values of 'n' greater than or equal to n_value will be a match, and if -1, then values of 'n' less than or equal to n_value will match. */ { int i1 = 0, j1 = 0, val; int fac, nval = 0, mval = 0, lval = 0; char a = ' '; char oldp; char c, s; int ip, ic, pat, pass = 0, firstfail; char *spat; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if ((inrec == 0) || (outrec == 0)) return (*status = NULL_INPUT_PTR); *outrec = '\0'; if (*inrec == '\0') return 0; oldp = '\0'; firstfail = 0; /* ===== Pattern match stage */ for (pat=0; pat < npat; pat++) { spat = patterns[pat][0]; i1 = 0; j1 = 0; a = ' '; /* Initialize the place-holders */ pass = 0; /* Pass the wildcard pattern */ if (spat[0] == '*') { pass = 1; break; } /* Optimization: if we have seen this initial pattern character before, then it must have failed, and we can skip the pattern */ if (firstfail && spat[0] == oldp) continue; oldp = spat[0]; /* ip = index of pattern character being matched ic = index of keyname character being matched firstfail = 1 if we fail on the first characteor (0=not) */ for (ip=0, ic=0, firstfail=1; (spat[ip]) && (ic < 8); ip++, ic++, firstfail=0) { c = inrec[ic]; s = spat[ip]; if (s == 'i') { /* Special pattern: 'i' placeholder */ if (isdigit(c)) { i1 = c - '0'; pass = 1;} } else if (s == 'j') { /* Special pattern: 'j' placeholder */ if (isdigit(c)) { j1 = c - '0'; pass = 1;} } else if ((s == 'n')||(s == 'm')||(s == 'l')||(s == '#')) { /* Special patterns: multi-digit number */ val = 0; pass = 0; if (isdigit(c)) { pass = 1; /* NOTE, could fail below */ /* Parse decimal number */ while (ic<8 && isdigit(c)) { val = val*10 + (c - '0'); ic++; c = inrec[ic]; } ic--; c = inrec[ic]; if (s == 'n' || s == 'm') { /* Is it a column number? */ if ( val >= 1 && val <= 999) { if (val == colnum[0]) val = 1; else if (val == colnum[1]) val = 2; else if (val == colnum[2]) val = 3; else if (val == colnum[3]) val = 4; else { pass = 0; val = 0; } if (s == 'n') nval = val; else mval = val; } else { pass = 0; } } else if (s == 'l') { /* Generic number */ lval = val; } } } else if (s == 'a') { /* Special pattern: coordinate designator */ if (isupper(c) || c == ' ') { a = c; pass = 1;} } else if (s == '?') { /* Match any individual character */ pass = 1; } else if (c == s) { /* Match a specific character */ pass = 1; } else { /* FAIL */ pass = 0; } if (!pass) break; } /* Must pass to the end of the keyword. No partial matches allowed */ if (pass && (ic >= 8 || inrec[ic] == ' ')) break; } /* Transfer the pattern-matched numbers to the output parameters */ if (i) { *i = i1; } if (j) { *j = j1; } if (n) { *n = nval; } if (m) { *m = mval; } if (l) { *l = lval; } if (pat_num) { *pat_num = pat; } /* ===== Keyword rewriting and output stage */ spat = patterns[pat][1]; /* Return case: no match, or explicit deletion pattern */ if (pass == 0 || spat[0] == '\0' || spat[0] == '-') return 0; /* A match: we start by copying the input record to the output */ strcpy(outrec, inrec); /* Return case: return the input record unchanged */ if (spat[0] == '+') return 0; /* Final case: a new output pattern */ for (ip=0, ic=0; spat[ip]; ip++, ic++) { s = spat[ip]; if (s == 'i') { outrec[ic] = (i1+'0'); } else if (s == 'j') { outrec[ic] = (j1+'0'); } else if (s == 'n' && nval > 0) { for (fac = 1; (nval/fac) > 0; fac *= 10); fac /= 10; while(fac > 0) { outrec[ic] = ((nval/fac) % 10) + '0'; fac /= 10; ic ++; } ic--; } else if (s == 'm' && mval > 0) { for (fac = 1; (mval/fac) > 0; fac *= 10); fac /= 10; while(fac > 0) { outrec[ic] = ((mval/fac) % 10) + '0'; fac /= 10; ic ++; } ic--; } else if (s == 'l' && lval >= 0) { for (fac = 1; (lval/fac) > 0; fac *= 10); fac /= 10; while(fac > 0) { outrec[ic] = ((lval/fac) % 10) + '0'; fac /= 10; ic ++; } ic --; } else if (s == 'a') { outrec[ic] = a; } else { outrec[ic] = s; } } /* Pad the keyword name with spaces */ for ( ; ic<8; ic++) { outrec[ic] = ' '; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffasfm(char *tform, /* I - format code from the TFORMn keyword */ int *dtcode, /* O - numerical datatype code */ long *twidth, /* O - width of the field, in chars */ int *decimals, /* O - number of decimal places (F, E, D format) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* parse the ASCII table TFORM column format to determine the data type, the field width, and number of decimal places (if relevant) */ int ii, datacode; long longval, width; float fwidth; char *form, temp[FLEN_VALUE], message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (dtcode) *dtcode = 0; if (twidth) *twidth = 0; if (decimals) *decimals = 0; ii = 0; while (tform[ii] != 0 && tform[ii] == ' ') /* find first non-blank char */ ii++; if (strlen(&tform[ii]) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("Error: ASCII table TFORM code is too long (ffasfm)"); return(*status = BAD_TFORM); } strcpy(temp, &tform[ii]); /* copy format string */ ffupch(temp); /* make sure it is in upper case */ form = temp; /* point to start of format string */ if (form[0] == 0) { ffpmsg("Error: ASCII table TFORM code is blank"); return(*status = BAD_TFORM); } /*-----------------------------------------------*/ /* determine default datatype code */ /*-----------------------------------------------*/ if (form[0] == 'A') datacode = TSTRING; else if (form[0] == 'I') datacode = TLONG; else if (form[0] == 'F') datacode = TFLOAT; else if (form[0] == 'E') datacode = TFLOAT; else if (form[0] == 'D') datacode = TDOUBLE; else { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal ASCII table TFORMn datatype: \'%s\'", tform); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_TFORM_DTYPE); } if (dtcode) *dtcode = datacode; form++; /* point to the start of field width */ if (datacode == TSTRING || datacode == TLONG) { /*-----------------------------------------------*/ /* A or I data formats: */ /*-----------------------------------------------*/ if (ffc2ii(form, &width, status) <= 0) /* read the width field */ { if (width <= 0) { width = 0; *status = BAD_TFORM; } else { /* set to shorter precision if I4 or less */ if (width <= 4 && datacode == TLONG) datacode = TSHORT; } } } else { /*-----------------------------------------------*/ /* F, E or D data formats: */ /*-----------------------------------------------*/ if (ffc2rr(form, &fwidth, status) <= 0) /* read ww.dd width field */ { if (fwidth <= 0.) *status = BAD_TFORM; else { width = (long) fwidth; /* convert from float to long */ if (width > 7 && *temp == 'F') datacode = TDOUBLE; /* type double if >7 digits */ if (width < 10) form = form + 1; /* skip 1 digit */ else form = form + 2; /* skip 2 digits */ if (form[0] == '.') /* should be a decimal point here */ { form++; /* point to start of decimals field */ if (ffc2ii(form, &longval, status) <= 0) /* read decimals */ { if (decimals) *decimals = longval; /* long to short convertion */ if (longval >= width) /* width < no. of decimals */ *status = BAD_TFORM; if (longval > 6 && *temp == 'E') datacode = TDOUBLE; /* type double if >6 digits */ } } } } } if (*status > 0) { *status = BAD_TFORM; snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,"Illegal ASCII table TFORMn code: \'%s\'", tform); ffpmsg(message); } if (dtcode) *dtcode = datacode; if (twidth) *twidth = width; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffbnfm(char *tform, /* I - format code from the TFORMn keyword */ int *dtcode, /* O - numerical datatype code */ long *trepeat, /* O - repeat count of the field */ long *twidth, /* O - width of the field, in chars */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* parse the binary table TFORM column format to determine the data type, repeat count, and the field width (if it is an ASCII (A) field) */ size_t ii, nchar; int datacode, variable, iread; long width, repeat; char *form, temp[FLEN_VALUE], message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (dtcode) *dtcode = 0; if (trepeat) *trepeat = 0; if (twidth) *twidth = 0; nchar = strlen(tform); for (ii = 0; ii < nchar; ii++) { if (tform[ii] != ' ') /* find first non-space char */ break; } if (ii == nchar) { ffpmsg("Error: binary table TFORM code is blank (ffbnfm)."); return(*status = BAD_TFORM); } if (nchar-ii > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("Error: binary table TFORM code is too long (ffbnfm)."); return (*status = BAD_TFORM); } strcpy(temp, &tform[ii]); /* copy format string */ ffupch(temp); /* make sure it is in upper case */ form = temp; /* point to start of format string */ /*-----------------------------------------------*/ /* get the repeat count */ /*-----------------------------------------------*/ ii = 0; while(isdigit((int) form[ii])) ii++; /* look for leading digits in the field */ if (ii == 0) repeat = 1; /* no explicit repeat count */ else { if (sscanf(form,"%ld", &repeat) != 1) /* read repeat count */ { ffpmsg("Error: Bad repeat format in TFORM (ffbnfm)."); return(*status = BAD_TFORM); } } /*-----------------------------------------------*/ /* determine datatype code */ /*-----------------------------------------------*/ form = form + ii; /* skip over the repeat field */ if (form[0] == 'P' || form[0] == 'Q') { variable = 1; /* this is a variable length column */ /* repeat = 1; */ /* disregard any other repeat value */ form++; /* move to the next data type code char */ } else variable = 0; if (form[0] == 'U') /* internal code to signify unsigned short integer */ { datacode = TUSHORT; width = 2; } else if (form[0] == 'I') { datacode = TSHORT; width = 2; } else if (form[0] == 'V') /* internal code to signify unsigned integer */ { datacode = TULONG; width = 4; } else if (form[0] == 'W') /* internal code to signify unsigned long long integer */ { datacode = TULONGLONG; width = 8; } else if (form[0] == 'J') { datacode = TLONG; width = 4; } else if (form[0] == 'K') { datacode = TLONGLONG; width = 8; } else if (form[0] == 'E') { datacode = TFLOAT; width = 4; } else if (form[0] == 'D') { datacode = TDOUBLE; width = 8; } else if (form[0] == 'A') { datacode = TSTRING; /* the following code is used to support the non-standard datatype of the form rAw where r = total width of the field and w = width of fixed-length substrings within the field. */ iread = 0; if (form[1] != 0) { if (form[1] == '(' ) /* skip parenthesis around */ form++; /* variable length column width */ iread = sscanf(&form[1],"%ld", &width); } if (iread != 1 || (!variable && (width > repeat)) ) width = repeat; } else if (form[0] == 'L') { datacode = TLOGICAL; width = 1; } else if (form[0] == 'X') { datacode = TBIT; width = 1; } else if (form[0] == 'B') { datacode = TBYTE; width = 1; } else if (form[0] == 'S') /* internal code to signify signed byte */ { datacode = TSBYTE; width = 1; } else if (form[0] == 'C') { datacode = TCOMPLEX; width = 8; } else if (form[0] == 'M') { datacode = TDBLCOMPLEX; width = 16; } else { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal binary table TFORMn datatype: \'%s\' ", tform); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_TFORM_DTYPE); } if (variable) datacode = datacode * (-1); /* flag variable cols w/ neg type code */ if (dtcode) *dtcode = datacode; if (trepeat) *trepeat = repeat; if (twidth) *twidth = width; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffbnfmll(char *tform, /* I - format code from the TFORMn keyword */ int *dtcode, /* O - numerical datatype code */ LONGLONG *trepeat, /* O - repeat count of the field */ long *twidth, /* O - width of the field, in chars */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* parse the binary table TFORM column format to determine the data type, repeat count, and the field width (if it is an ASCII (A) field) */ size_t ii, nchar; int datacode, variable, iread; long width; LONGLONG repeat; char *form, temp[FLEN_VALUE], message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; double drepeat; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (dtcode) *dtcode = 0; if (trepeat) *trepeat = 0; if (twidth) *twidth = 0; nchar = strlen(tform); for (ii = 0; ii < nchar; ii++) { if (tform[ii] != ' ') /* find first non-space char */ break; } if (ii == nchar) { ffpmsg("Error: binary table TFORM code is blank (ffbnfmll)."); return(*status = BAD_TFORM); } if (strlen(&tform[ii]) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("Error: binary table TFORM code is too long (ffbnfmll)."); return(*status = BAD_TFORM); } strcpy(temp, &tform[ii]); /* copy format string */ ffupch(temp); /* make sure it is in upper case */ form = temp; /* point to start of format string */ /*-----------------------------------------------*/ /* get the repeat count */ /*-----------------------------------------------*/ ii = 0; while(isdigit((int) form[ii])) ii++; /* look for leading digits in the field */ if (ii == 0) repeat = 1; /* no explicit repeat count */ else { /* read repeat count */ /* print as double, because the string-to-64-bit int conversion */ /* character is platform dependent (%lld, %ld, %I64d) */ sscanf(form,"%lf", &drepeat); repeat = (LONGLONG) (drepeat + 0.1); } /*-----------------------------------------------*/ /* determine datatype code */ /*-----------------------------------------------*/ form = form + ii; /* skip over the repeat field */ if (form[0] == 'P' || form[0] == 'Q') { variable = 1; /* this is a variable length column */ /* repeat = 1; */ /* disregard any other repeat value */ form++; /* move to the next data type code char */ } else variable = 0; if (form[0] == 'U') /* internal code to signify unsigned integer */ { datacode = TUSHORT; width = 2; } else if (form[0] == 'I') { datacode = TSHORT; width = 2; } else if (form[0] == 'V') /* internal code to signify unsigned integer */ { datacode = TULONG; width = 4; } else if (form[0] == 'W') /* internal code to signify unsigned long long integer */ { datacode = TULONGLONG; width = 8; } else if (form[0] == 'J') { datacode = TLONG; width = 4; } else if (form[0] == 'K') { datacode = TLONGLONG; width = 8; } else if (form[0] == 'E') { datacode = TFLOAT; width = 4; } else if (form[0] == 'D') { datacode = TDOUBLE; width = 8; } else if (form[0] == 'A') { datacode = TSTRING; /* the following code is used to support the non-standard datatype of the form rAw where r = total width of the field and w = width of fixed-length substrings within the field. */ iread = 0; if (form[1] != 0) { if (form[1] == '(' ) /* skip parenthesis around */ form++; /* variable length column width */ iread = sscanf(&form[1],"%ld", &width); } if (iread != 1 || (!variable && (width > repeat)) ) width = (long) repeat; } else if (form[0] == 'L') { datacode = TLOGICAL; width = 1; } else if (form[0] == 'X') { datacode = TBIT; width = 1; } else if (form[0] == 'B') { datacode = TBYTE; width = 1; } else if (form[0] == 'S') /* internal code to signify signed byte */ { datacode = TSBYTE; width = 1; } else if (form[0] == 'C') { datacode = TCOMPLEX; width = 8; } else if (form[0] == 'M') { datacode = TDBLCOMPLEX; width = 16; } else { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal binary table TFORMn datatype: \'%s\' ", tform); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_TFORM_DTYPE); } if (variable) datacode = datacode * (-1); /* flag variable cols w/ neg type code */ if (dtcode) *dtcode = datacode; if (trepeat) *trepeat = repeat; if (twidth) *twidth = width; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void ffcfmt(char *tform, /* value of an ASCII table TFORMn keyword */ char *cform) /* equivalent format code in C language syntax */ /* convert the FITS format string for an ASCII Table extension column into the equivalent C format string that can be used in a printf statement, after the values have been read as a double. */ { int ii; cform[0] = '\0'; ii = 0; while (tform[ii] != 0 && tform[ii] == ' ') /* find first non-blank char */ ii++; if (tform[ii] == 0) return; /* input format string was blank */ cform[0] = '%'; /* start the format string */ strcpy(&cform[1], &tform[ii + 1]); /* append the width and decimal code */ if (tform[ii] == 'A') strcat(cform, "s"); else if (tform[ii] == 'I') strcat(cform, ".0f"); /* 0 precision to suppress decimal point */ if (tform[ii] == 'F') strcat(cform, "f"); if (tform[ii] == 'E') strcat(cform, "E"); if (tform[ii] == 'D') strcat(cform, "E"); return; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void ffcdsp(char *tform, /* value of an ASCII table TFORMn keyword */ char *cform) /* equivalent format code in C language syntax */ /* convert the FITS TDISPn display format into the equivalent C format suitable for use in a printf statement. */ { int ii; cform[0] = '\0'; ii = 0; while (tform[ii] != 0 && tform[ii] == ' ') /* find first non-blank char */ ii++; if (tform[ii] == 0) { cform[0] = '\0'; return; /* input format string was blank */ } if (strchr(tform+ii, '%')) /* is there a % character in the string?? */ { cform[0] = '\0'; return; /* illegal TFORM string (possibly even harmful) */ } cform[0] = '%'; /* start the format string */ strcpy(&cform[1], &tform[ii + 1]); /* append the width and decimal code */ if (tform[ii] == 'A' || tform[ii] == 'a') strcat(cform, "s"); else if (tform[ii] == 'I' || tform[ii] == 'i') strcat(cform, "d"); else if (tform[ii] == 'O' || tform[ii] == 'o') strcat(cform, "o"); else if (tform[ii] == 'Z' || tform[ii] == 'z') strcat(cform, "X"); else if (tform[ii] == 'F' || tform[ii] == 'f') strcat(cform, "f"); else if (tform[ii] == 'E' || tform[ii] == 'e') strcat(cform, "E"); else if (tform[ii] == 'D' || tform[ii] == 'd') strcat(cform, "E"); else if (tform[ii] == 'G' || tform[ii] == 'g') strcat(cform, "G"); else cform[0] = '\0'; /* unrecognized tform code */ return; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcno( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pionter */ int casesen, /* I - case sensitive string comparison? 0=no */ char *templt, /* I - input name of column (w/wildcards) */ int *colnum, /* O - number of the named column; 1=first col */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Determine the column number corresponding to an input column name. The first column of the table = column 1; This supports the * and ? wild cards in the input template. */ { char colname[FLEN_VALUE]; /* temporary string to hold column name */ ffgcnn(fptr, casesen, templt, colname, colnum, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcnn( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int casesen, /* I - case sensitive string comparison? 0=no */ char *templt, /* I - input name of column (w/wildcards) */ char *colname, /* O - full column name up to 68 + 1 chars long*/ int *colnum, /* O - number of the named column; 1=first col */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Return the full column name and column number of the next column whose TTYPEn keyword value matches the input template string. The template may contain the * and ? wildcards. Status = 237 is returned if the match is not unique. If so, one may call this routine again with input status=237 to get the next match. A status value of 219 is returned when there are no more matching columns. */ { char errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; int tstatus, ii, founde, foundw, match, exact, unique; long ivalue; tcolumn *colptr; if (*status <= 0) { (fptr->Fptr)->startcol = 0; /* start search with first column */ tstatus = 0; } else if (*status == COL_NOT_UNIQUE) /* start search from previous spot */ { tstatus = COL_NOT_UNIQUE; *status = 0; } else return(*status); /* bad input status value */ colname[0] = 0; /* initialize null return */ *colnum = 0; /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header to get col struct */ return(*status); colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* pointer to first column */ colptr += ((fptr->Fptr)->startcol); /* offset to starting column */ founde = FALSE; /* initialize 'found exact match' flag */ foundw = FALSE; /* initialize 'found wildcard match' flag */ unique = FALSE; for (ii = (fptr->Fptr)->startcol; ii < (fptr->Fptr)->tfield; ii++, colptr++) { ffcmps(templt, colptr->ttype, casesen, &match, &exact); if (match) { if (founde && exact) { /* warning: this is the second exact match we've found */ /*reset pointer to first match so next search starts there */ (fptr->Fptr)->startcol = *colnum; return(*status = COL_NOT_UNIQUE); } else if (founde) /* a wildcard match */ { /* already found exact match so ignore this non-exact match */ } else if (exact) { /* this is the first exact match we have found, so save it. */ strcpy(colname, colptr->ttype); *colnum = ii + 1; founde = TRUE; } else if (foundw) { /* we have already found a wild card match, so not unique */ /* continue searching for other matches */ unique = FALSE; } else { /* this is the first wild card match we've found. save it */ strcpy(colname, colptr->ttype); *colnum = ii + 1; (fptr->Fptr)->startcol = *colnum; foundw = TRUE; unique = TRUE; } } } /* OK, we've checked all the names now see if we got any matches */ if (founde) { if (tstatus == COL_NOT_UNIQUE) /* we did find 1 exact match but */ *status = COL_NOT_UNIQUE; /* there was a previous match too */ } else if (foundw) { /* found one or more wildcard matches; report error if not unique */ if (!unique || tstatus == COL_NOT_UNIQUE) *status = COL_NOT_UNIQUE; } else { /* didn't find a match; check if template is a positive integer */ ffc2ii(templt, &ivalue, &tstatus); if (tstatus == 0 && ivalue <= (fptr->Fptr)->tfield && ivalue > 0) { *colnum = ivalue; colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* pointer to first column */ colptr += (ivalue - 1); /* offset to correct column */ strcpy(colname, colptr->ttype); } else { *status = COL_NOT_FOUND; if (tstatus != COL_NOT_UNIQUE) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "ffgcnn could not find column: %.45s", templt); ffpmsg(errmsg); } } } (fptr->Fptr)->startcol = *colnum; /* save pointer for next time */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void ffcmps(char *templt, /* I - input template (may have wildcards) */ char *colname, /* I - full column name up to 68 + 1 chars long */ int casesen, /* I - case sensitive string comparison? 1=yes */ int *match, /* O - do template and colname match? 1=yes */ int *exact) /* O - do strings exactly match, or wildcards */ /* compare the template to the string and test if they match. The strings are limited to 68 characters or less (the max. length of a FITS string keyword value. This routine reports whether the two strings match and whether the match is exact or involves wildcards. This algorithm is very similar to the way unix filename wildcards work except that this first treats a wild card as a literal character when looking for a match. If there is no literal match, then it interpretes it as a wild card. So the template 'AB*DE' is considered to be an exact rather than a wild card match to the string 'AB*DE'. The '#' wild card in the template string will match any consecutive string of decimal digits in the colname. */ { int ii, found, t1, s1, wildsearch = 0, tsave = 0, ssave = 0; char temp[FLEN_VALUE], col[FLEN_VALUE]; *match = FALSE; *exact = TRUE; strncpy(temp, templt, FLEN_VALUE); /* copy strings to work area */ strncpy(col, colname, FLEN_VALUE); temp[FLEN_VALUE - 1] = '\0'; /* make sure strings are terminated */ col[FLEN_VALUE - 1] = '\0'; /* truncate trailing non-significant blanks */ for (ii = strlen(temp) - 1; ii >= 0 && temp[ii] == ' '; ii--) temp[ii] = '\0'; for (ii = strlen(col) - 1; ii >= 0 && col[ii] == ' '; ii--) col[ii] = '\0'; if (!casesen) { /* convert both strings to uppercase before comparison */ ffupch(temp); ffupch(col); } if (!FSTRCMP(temp, col) ) { *match = TRUE; /* strings exactly match */ return; } *exact = FALSE; /* strings don't exactly match */ t1 = 0; /* start comparison with 1st char of each string */ s1 = 0; while(1) /* compare corresponding chars in each string */ { if (temp[t1] == '\0' && col[s1] == '\0') { /* completely scanned both strings so they match */ *match = TRUE; return; } else if (temp[t1] == '\0') { if (wildsearch) { /* the previous wildcard search may have been going down a blind alley. Backtrack, and resume the wildcard search with the next character in the string. */ t1 = tsave; s1 = ssave + 1; } else { /* reached end of template string so they don't match */ return; } } else if (col[s1] == '\0') { /* reached end of other string; they match if the next */ /* character in the template string is a '*' wild card */ if (temp[t1] == '*' && temp[t1 + 1] == '\0') { *match = TRUE; } return; } if (temp[t1] == col[s1] || (temp[t1] == '?') ) { s1++; /* corresponding chars in the 2 strings match */ t1++; /* increment both pointers and loop back again */ } else if (temp[t1] == '#' && isdigit((int) col[s1]) ) { s1++; /* corresponding chars in the 2 strings match */ t1++; /* increment both pointers */ /* find the end of the string of digits */ while (isdigit((int) col[s1]) ) s1++; } else if (temp[t1] == '*') { /* save current string locations, in case we need to restart */ wildsearch = 1; tsave = t1; ssave = s1; /* get next char from template and look for it in the col name */ t1++; if (temp[t1] == '\0' || temp[t1] == ' ') { /* reached end of template so strings match */ *match = TRUE; return; } found = FALSE; while (col[s1] && !found) { if (temp[t1] == col[s1]) { t1++; /* found matching characters; incre both pointers */ s1++; /* and loop back to compare next chars */ found = TRUE; } else s1++; /* increment the column name pointer and try again */ } if (!found) { return; /* hit end of column name and failed to find a match */ } } else { if (wildsearch) { /* the previous wildcard search may have been going down a blind alley. Backtrack, and resume the wildcard search with the next character in the string. */ t1 = tsave; s1 = ssave + 1; } else { return; /* strings don't match */ } } } } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtcl( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number */ int *typecode, /* O - datatype code (21 = short, etc) */ long *repeat, /* O - repeat count of field */ long *width, /* O - if ASCII, width of field or unit string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Get Type of table column. Returns the datatype code of the column, as well as the vector repeat count and (if it is an ASCII character column) the width of the field or a unit string within the field. This supports the TFORMn = 'rAw' syntax for specifying arrays of substrings, so if TFORMn = '60A12' then repeat = 60 and width = 12. */ { LONGLONG trepeat, twidth; ffgtclll(fptr, colnum, typecode, &trepeat, &twidth, status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (repeat) *repeat= (long) trepeat; if (width) *width = (long) twidth; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtclll( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number */ int *typecode, /* O - datatype code (21 = short, etc) */ LONGLONG *repeat, /* O - repeat count of field */ LONGLONG *width, /* O - if ASCII, width of field or unit string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Get Type of table column. Returns the datatype code of the column, as well as the vector repeat count and (if it is an ASCII character column) the width of the field or a unit string within the field. This supports the TFORMn = 'rAw' syntax for specifying arrays of substrings, so if TFORMn = '60A12' then repeat = 60 and width = 12. */ { tcolumn *colptr; int hdutype, decims; long tmpwidth; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); if (colnum < 1 || colnum > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield) return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM); colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* pointer to first column */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to correct column */ if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0) return(*status); if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL) { ffasfm(colptr->tform, typecode, &tmpwidth, &decims, status); *width = tmpwidth; if (repeat) *repeat = 1; } else { if (typecode) *typecode = colptr->tdatatype; if (width) *width = colptr->twidth; if (repeat) *repeat = colptr->trepeat; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffeqty( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number */ int *typecode, /* O - datatype code (21 = short, etc) */ long *repeat, /* O - repeat count of field */ long *width, /* O - if ASCII, width of field or unit string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Get the 'equivalent' table column type. This routine is similar to the ffgtcl routine (which returns the physical datatype of the column, as stored in the FITS file) except that if the TSCALn and TZEROn keywords are defined for the column, then it returns the 'equivalent' datatype. Thus, if the column is defined as '1I' (short integer) this routine may return the type as 'TUSHORT' or as 'TFLOAT' depending on the TSCALn and TZEROn values. Returns the datatype code of the column, as well as the vector repeat count and (if it is an ASCII character column) the width of the field or a unit string within the field. This supports the TFORMn = 'rAw' syntax for specifying arrays of substrings, so if TFORMn = '60A12' then repeat = 60 and width = 12. */ { LONGLONG trepeat, twidth; ffeqtyll(fptr, colnum, typecode, &trepeat, &twidth, status); if (repeat) *repeat= (long) trepeat; if (width) *width = (long) twidth; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffeqtyll( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number */ int *typecode, /* O - datatype code (21 = short, etc) */ LONGLONG *repeat, /* O - repeat count of field */ LONGLONG *width, /* O - if ASCII, width of field or unit string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Get the 'equivalent' table column type. This routine is similar to the ffgtcl routine (which returns the physical datatype of the column, as stored in the FITS file) except that if the TSCALn and TZEROn keywords are defined for the column, then it returns the 'equivalent' datatype. Thus, if the column is defined as '1I' (short integer) this routine may return the type as 'TUSHORT' or as 'TFLOAT' depending on the TSCALn and TZEROn values. Returns the datatype code of the column, as well as the vector repeat count and (if it is an ASCII character column) the width of the field or a unit string within the field. This supports the TFORMn = 'rAw' syntax for specifying arrays of substrings, so if TFORMn = '60A12' then repeat = 60 and width = 12. */ { tcolumn *colptr; int hdutype, decims, tcode, effcode; double tscale, tzero, min_val, max_val; long lngscale, lngzero = 0, tmpwidth; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); if (colnum < 1 || colnum > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield) return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM); colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* pointer to first column */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to correct column */ if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0) return(*status); if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL) { ffasfm(colptr->tform, typecode, &tmpwidth, &decims, status); if (width) *width = tmpwidth; if (repeat) *repeat = 1; } else { if (typecode) *typecode = colptr->tdatatype; if (width) *width = colptr->twidth; if (repeat) *repeat = colptr->trepeat; } /* return if caller is not interested in the typecode value */ if (!typecode) return(*status); /* check if the tscale and tzero keywords are defined, which might change the effective datatype of the column */ tscale = colptr->tscale; tzero = colptr->tzero; if (tscale == 1.0 && tzero == 0.0) /* no scaling */ return(*status); tcode = abs(*typecode); switch (tcode) { case TBYTE: /* binary table 'rB' column */ min_val = 0.; max_val = 255.0; break; case TSHORT: min_val = -32768.0; max_val = 32767.0; break; case TLONG: min_val = -2147483648.0; max_val = 2147483647.0; break; case TLONGLONG: min_val = -9.2233720368547755808E18; max_val = 9.2233720368547755807E18; break; default: /* don't have to deal with other data types */ return(*status); } if (tscale >= 0.) { min_val = tzero + tscale * min_val; max_val = tzero + tscale * max_val; } else { max_val = tzero + tscale * min_val; min_val = tzero + tscale * max_val; } if (tzero < 2147483648.) /* don't exceed range of 32-bit integer */ lngzero = (long) tzero; lngscale = (long) tscale; if ((tzero != 2147483648.) && /* special value that exceeds integer range */ (tzero != 9223372036854775808.) && /* indicates unsigned long long */ (lngzero != tzero || lngscale != tscale)) { /* not integers? */ /* floating point scaled values; just decide on required precision */ if (tcode == TBYTE || tcode == TSHORT) effcode = TFLOAT; else effcode = TDOUBLE; /* In all the remaining cases, TSCALn and TZEROn are integers, and not equal to 1 and 0, respectively. */ } else if ((min_val == -128.) && (max_val == 127.)) { effcode = TSBYTE; } else if ((min_val >= -32768.0) && (max_val <= 32767.0)) { effcode = TSHORT; } else if ((min_val >= 0.0) && (max_val <= 65535.0)) { effcode = TUSHORT; } else if ((min_val >= -2147483648.0) && (max_val <= 2147483647.0)) { effcode = TLONG; } else if ((min_val >= 0.0) && (max_val < 4294967296.0)) { effcode = TULONG; } else if ((min_val >= -9.2233720368547755808E18) && (max_val <= 9.2233720368547755807E18)) { effcode = TLONGLONG; } else if ((min_val >= 0.0) && (max_val <= 1.8446744073709551616E19)) { effcode = TULONGLONG; } else { /* exceeds the range of a 64-bit integer */ effcode = TDOUBLE; } /* return the effective datatype code (negative if variable length col.) */ if (*typecode < 0) /* variable length array column */ *typecode = -effcode; else *typecode = effcode; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgncl( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *ncols, /* O - number of columns in the table */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Get the number of columns in the table (= TFIELDS keyword) */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) return(*status = NOT_TABLE); *ncols = (fptr->Fptr)->tfield; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgnrw( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long *nrows, /* O - number of rows in the table */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Get the number of rows in the table (= NAXIS2 keyword) */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) return(*status = NOT_TABLE); /* the NAXIS2 keyword may not be up to date, so use the structure value */ *nrows = (long) (fptr->Fptr)->numrows; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgnrwll( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ LONGLONG *nrows, /* O - number of rows in the table */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Get the number of rows in the table (= NAXIS2 keyword) */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) return(*status = NOT_TABLE); /* the NAXIS2 keyword may not be up to date, so use the structure value */ *nrows = (fptr->Fptr)->numrows; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgacl( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number */ char *ttype, /* O - TTYPEn keyword value */ long *tbcol, /* O - TBCOLn keyword value */ char *tunit, /* O - TUNITn keyword value */ char *tform, /* O - TFORMn keyword value */ double *tscal, /* O - TSCALn keyword value */ double *tzero, /* O - TZEROn keyword value */ char *tnull, /* O - TNULLn keyword value */ char *tdisp, /* O - TDISPn keyword value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* get ASCII column keyword values */ { char name[FLEN_KEYWORD], comm[FLEN_COMMENT]; tcolumn *colptr; int tstatus; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); if (colnum < 1 || colnum > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield) return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM); /* get what we can from the column structure */ colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* pointer to first column */ colptr += (colnum -1); /* offset to correct column */ if (ttype) strcpy(ttype, colptr->ttype); if (tbcol) *tbcol = (long) ((colptr->tbcol) + 1); /* first col is 1, not 0 */ if (tform) strcpy(tform, colptr->tform); if (tscal) *tscal = colptr->tscale; if (tzero) *tzero = colptr->tzero; if (tnull) strcpy(tnull, colptr->strnull); /* read keywords to get additional parameters */ if (tunit) { ffkeyn("TUNIT", colnum, name, status); tstatus = 0; *tunit = '\0'; ffgkys(fptr, name, tunit, comm, &tstatus); } if (tdisp) { ffkeyn("TDISP", colnum, name, status); tstatus = 0; *tdisp = '\0'; ffgkys(fptr, name, tdisp, comm, &tstatus); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgbcl( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number */ char *ttype, /* O - TTYPEn keyword value */ char *tunit, /* O - TUNITn keyword value */ char *dtype, /* O - datatype char: I, J, E, D, etc. */ long *repeat, /* O - vector column repeat count */ double *tscal, /* O - TSCALn keyword value */ double *tzero, /* O - TZEROn keyword value */ long *tnull, /* O - TNULLn keyword value integer cols only */ char *tdisp, /* O - TDISPn keyword value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* get BINTABLE column keyword values */ { LONGLONG trepeat, ttnull; if (*status > 0) return(*status); ffgbclll(fptr, colnum, ttype, tunit, dtype, &trepeat, tscal, tzero, &ttnull, tdisp, status); if (repeat) *repeat = (long) trepeat; if (tnull) *tnull = (long) ttnull; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgbclll( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number */ char *ttype, /* O - TTYPEn keyword value */ char *tunit, /* O - TUNITn keyword value */ char *dtype, /* O - datatype char: I, J, E, D, etc. */ LONGLONG *repeat, /* O - vector column repeat count */ double *tscal, /* O - TSCALn keyword value */ double *tzero, /* O - TZEROn keyword value */ LONGLONG *tnull, /* O - TNULLn keyword value integer cols only */ char *tdisp, /* O - TDISPn keyword value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* get BINTABLE column keyword values */ { char name[FLEN_KEYWORD], comm[FLEN_COMMENT]; tcolumn *colptr; int tstatus; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); if (colnum < 1 || colnum > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield) return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM); /* get what we can from the column structure */ colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* pointer to first column */ colptr += (colnum -1); /* offset to correct column */ if (ttype) strcpy(ttype, colptr->ttype); if (dtype) { if (colptr->tdatatype < 0) /* add the "P" prefix for */ strcpy(dtype, "P"); /* variable length columns */ else dtype[0] = 0; if (abs(colptr->tdatatype) == TBIT) strcat(dtype, "X"); else if (abs(colptr->tdatatype) == TBYTE) strcat(dtype, "B"); else if (abs(colptr->tdatatype) == TLOGICAL) strcat(dtype, "L"); else if (abs(colptr->tdatatype) == TSTRING) strcat(dtype, "A"); else if (abs(colptr->tdatatype) == TSHORT) strcat(dtype, "I"); else if (abs(colptr->tdatatype) == TLONG) strcat(dtype, "J"); else if (abs(colptr->tdatatype) == TLONGLONG) strcat(dtype, "K"); else if (abs(colptr->tdatatype) == TFLOAT) strcat(dtype, "E"); else if (abs(colptr->tdatatype) == TDOUBLE) strcat(dtype, "D"); else if (abs(colptr->tdatatype) == TCOMPLEX) strcat(dtype, "C"); else if (abs(colptr->tdatatype) == TDBLCOMPLEX) strcat(dtype, "M"); } if (repeat) *repeat = colptr->trepeat; if (tscal) *tscal = colptr->tscale; if (tzero) *tzero = colptr->tzero; if (tnull) *tnull = colptr->tnull; /* read keywords to get additional parameters */ if (tunit) { ffkeyn("TUNIT", colnum, name, status); tstatus = 0; *tunit = '\0'; ffgkys(fptr, name, tunit, comm, &tstatus); } if (tdisp) { ffkeyn("TDISP", colnum, name, status); tstatus = 0; *tdisp = '\0'; ffgkys(fptr, name, tdisp, comm, &tstatus); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffghdn(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *chdunum) /* O - number of the CHDU; 1 = primary array */ /* Return the number of the Current HDU in the FITS file. The primary array is HDU number 1. Note that this is one of the few cfitsio routines that does not return the error status value as the value of the function. */ { *chdunum = (fptr->HDUposition) + 1; return(*chdunum); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffghadll(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ LONGLONG *headstart, /* O - byte offset to beginning of CHDU */ LONGLONG *datastart, /* O - byte offset to beginning of next HDU */ LONGLONG *dataend, /* O - byte offset to beginning of next HDU */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Return the address (= byte offset) in the FITS file to the beginning of the current HDU, the beginning of the data unit, and the end of the data unit. */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) { if (ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status) > 0) return(*status); } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) { if (ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); } if (headstart) *headstart = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu]; if (datastart) *datastart = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart; if (dataend) *dataend = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) + 1]; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffghof(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ OFF_T *headstart, /* O - byte offset to beginning of CHDU */ OFF_T *datastart, /* O - byte offset to beginning of next HDU */ OFF_T *dataend, /* O - byte offset to beginning of next HDU */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Return the address (= byte offset) in the FITS file to the beginning of the current HDU, the beginning of the data unit, and the end of the data unit. */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) { if (ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status) > 0) return(*status); } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) { if (ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); } if (headstart) *headstart = (OFF_T) (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu]; if (datastart) *datastart = (OFF_T) (fptr->Fptr)->datastart; if (dataend) *dataend = (OFF_T) (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) + 1]; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffghad(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long *headstart, /* O - byte offset to beginning of CHDU */ long *datastart, /* O - byte offset to beginning of next HDU */ long *dataend, /* O - byte offset to beginning of next HDU */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Return the address (= byte offset) in the FITS file to the beginning of the current HDU, the beginning of the data unit, and the end of the data unit. */ { LONGLONG shead, sdata, edata; if (*status > 0) return(*status); ffghadll(fptr, &shead, &sdata, &edata, status); if (headstart) { if (shead > LONG_MAX) *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; else *headstart = (long) shead; } if (datastart) { if (sdata > LONG_MAX) *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; else *datastart = (long) sdata; } if (dataend) { if (edata > LONG_MAX) *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; else *dataend = (long) edata; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffrhdu(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *hdutype, /* O - type of HDU */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* read the required keywords of the CHDU and initialize the corresponding structure elements that describe the format of the HDU */ { int ii, tstatus; char card[FLEN_CARD]; char name[FLEN_KEYWORD], value[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT]; char xname[FLEN_VALUE], *xtension, urltype[20]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (ffgrec(fptr, 1, card, status) > 0 ) /* get the 80-byte card */ { ffpmsg("Cannot read first keyword in header (ffrhdu)."); return(*status); } strncpy(name,card,8); /* first 8 characters = the keyword name */ name[8] = '\0'; for (ii=7; ii >= 0; ii--) /* replace trailing blanks with nulls */ { if (name[ii] == ' ') name[ii] = '\0'; else break; } if (ffpsvc(card, value, comm, status) > 0) /* parse value and comment */ { ffpmsg("Cannot read value of first keyword in header (ffrhdu):"); ffpmsg(card); return(*status); } if (!strcmp(name, "SIMPLE")) /* this is the primary array */ { ffpinit(fptr, status); /* initialize the primary array */ if (hdutype != NULL) *hdutype = 0; } else if (!strcmp(name, "XTENSION")) /* this is an XTENSION keyword */ { if (ffc2s(value, xname, status) > 0) /* get the value string */ { ffpmsg("Bad value string for XTENSION keyword:"); ffpmsg(value); return(*status); } xtension = xname; while (*xtension == ' ') /* ignore any leading spaces in name */ xtension++; if (!strcmp(xtension, "TABLE")) { ffainit(fptr, status); /* initialize the ASCII table */ if (hdutype != NULL) *hdutype = 1; } else if (!strcmp(xtension, "BINTABLE") || !strcmp(xtension, "A3DTABLE") || !strcmp(xtension, "3DTABLE") ) { ffbinit(fptr, status); /* initialize the binary table */ if (hdutype != NULL) *hdutype = 2; } else { tstatus = 0; ffpinit(fptr, &tstatus); /* probably an IMAGE extension */ if (tstatus == UNKNOWN_EXT && hdutype != NULL) *hdutype = -1; /* don't recognize this extension type */ else { *status = tstatus; if (hdutype != NULL) *hdutype = 0; } } } else /* not the start of a new extension */ { if (card[0] == 0 || card[0] == 10) /* some editors append this character to EOF */ { *status = END_OF_FILE; } else { *status = UNKNOWN_REC; /* found unknown type of record */ ffpmsg ("Extension doesn't start with SIMPLE or XTENSION keyword. (ffrhdu)"); ffpmsg(card); } } /* compare the starting position of the next HDU (if any) with the size */ /* of the whole file to see if this is the last HDU in the file */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu + 1] < (fptr->Fptr)->logfilesize ) { (fptr->Fptr)->lasthdu = 0; /* no, not the last HDU */ } else { (fptr->Fptr)->lasthdu = 1; /* yes, this is the last HDU */ /* special code for mem:// type files (FITS file in memory) */ /* Allocate enough memory to hold the entire HDU. */ /* Without this code, CFITSIO would repeatedly realloc memory */ /* to incrementally increase the size of the file by 2880 bytes */ /* at a time, until it reached the final size */ ffurlt(fptr, urltype, status); if (!strcmp(urltype,"mem://") || !strcmp(urltype,"memkeep://")) { fftrun(fptr, (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu + 1], status); } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpinit(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* initialize the parameters defining the structure of the primary array or an Image extension */ { int groups, tstatus, simple, bitpix, naxis, extend, nspace; int ttype = 0, bytlen = 0, ii, ntilebins; long pcount, gcount; LONGLONG naxes[999], npix, blank; double bscale, bzero; char comm[FLEN_COMMENT]; tcolumn *colptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype = IMAGE_HDU; /* primary array or IMAGE extension */ (fptr->Fptr)->headend = (fptr->Fptr)->logfilesize; /* set max size */ groups = 0; tstatus = *status; /* get all the descriptive info about this HDU */ ffgphd(fptr, 999, &simple, &bitpix, &naxis, naxes, &pcount, &gcount, &extend, &bscale, &bzero, &blank, &nspace, status); if (*status == NOT_IMAGE) *status = tstatus; /* ignore 'unknown extension type' error */ else if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* the logical end of the header is 80 bytes before the current position, minus any trailing blank keywords just before the END keyword. */ (fptr->Fptr)->headend = (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey - (80 * (nspace + 1)); /* the data unit begins at the beginning of the next logical block */ (fptr->Fptr)->datastart = (((fptr->Fptr)->nextkey - 80) / 2880 + 1) * 2880; if (naxis > 0 && naxes[0] == 0) /* test for 'random groups' */ { tstatus = 0; ffmaky(fptr, 2, status); /* reset to beginning of header */ if (ffgkyl(fptr, "GROUPS", &groups, comm, &tstatus)) groups = 0; /* GROUPS keyword not found */ } if (bitpix == BYTE_IMG) /* test bitpix and set the datatype code */ { ttype=TBYTE; bytlen=1; } else if (bitpix == SHORT_IMG) { ttype=TSHORT; bytlen=2; } else if (bitpix == LONG_IMG) { ttype=TLONG; bytlen=4; } else if (bitpix == LONGLONG_IMG) { ttype=TLONGLONG; bytlen=8; } else if (bitpix == FLOAT_IMG) { ttype=TFLOAT; bytlen=4; } else if (bitpix == DOUBLE_IMG) { ttype=TDOUBLE; bytlen=8; } /* calculate the size of the primary array */ (fptr->Fptr)->imgdim = naxis; if (naxis == 0) { npix = 0; } else { if (groups) { npix = 1; /* NAXIS1 = 0 is a special flag for 'random groups' */ } else { npix = naxes[0]; } (fptr->Fptr)->imgnaxis[0] = naxes[0]; for (ii=1; ii < naxis; ii++) { npix = npix*naxes[ii]; /* calc number of pixels in the array */ (fptr->Fptr)->imgnaxis[ii] = naxes[ii]; } } /* now we know everything about the array; just fill in the parameters: the next HDU begins in the next logical block after the data */ (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu + 1] = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + ( ((LONGLONG) pcount + npix) * bytlen * gcount + 2879) / 2880 * 2880; /* initialize the fictitious heap starting address (immediately following the array data) and a zero length heap. This is used to find the end of the data when checking the fill values in the last block. */ (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart = (npix + pcount) * bytlen * gcount; (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->compressimg = 0; /* this is not a compressed image */ if (naxis == 0) { (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = 0; /* rows have zero length */ (fptr->Fptr)->tfield = 0; /* table has no fields */ /* free the tile-compressed image cache, if it exists */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->tilerow) { ntilebins = (((fptr->Fptr)->znaxis[0] - 1) / ((fptr->Fptr)->tilesize[0])) + 1; for (ii = 0; ii < ntilebins; ii++) { if ((fptr->Fptr)->tiledata[ii]) { free((fptr->Fptr)->tiledata[ii]); } if ((fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray[ii]) { free((fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray[ii]); } } free((fptr->Fptr)->tileanynull); free((fptr->Fptr)->tiletype); free((fptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize); free((fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray); free((fptr->Fptr)->tiledata); free((fptr->Fptr)->tilerow); (fptr->Fptr)->tileanynull = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tiletype = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tiledata = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tilerow = 0; } if ((fptr->Fptr)->tableptr) free((fptr->Fptr)->tableptr); /* free memory for the old CHDU */ (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr = 0; /* set a null table structure pointer */ (fptr->Fptr)->numrows = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->origrows = 0; } else { /* The primary array is actually interpreted as a binary table. There are two columns: the first column contains the group parameters if any. The second column contains the primary array of data as a single vector column element. In the case of 'random grouped' format, each group is stored in a separate row of the table. */ /* the number of rows is equal to the number of groups */ (fptr->Fptr)->numrows = gcount; (fptr->Fptr)->origrows = gcount; (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = (npix + pcount) * bytlen; /* total size */ (fptr->Fptr)->tfield = 2; /* 2 fields: group params and the image */ /* free the tile-compressed image cache, if it exists */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->tilerow) { ntilebins = (((fptr->Fptr)->znaxis[0] - 1) / ((fptr->Fptr)->tilesize[0])) + 1; for (ii = 0; ii < ntilebins; ii++) { if ((fptr->Fptr)->tiledata[ii]) { free((fptr->Fptr)->tiledata[ii]); } if ((fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray[ii]) { free((fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray[ii]); } } free((fptr->Fptr)->tileanynull); free((fptr->Fptr)->tiletype); free((fptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize); free((fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray); free((fptr->Fptr)->tiledata); free((fptr->Fptr)->tilerow); (fptr->Fptr)->tileanynull = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tiletype = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tiledata = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tilerow = 0; } if ((fptr->Fptr)->tableptr) free((fptr->Fptr)->tableptr); /* free memory for the old CHDU */ colptr = (tcolumn *) calloc(2, sizeof(tcolumn) ) ; if (!colptr) { ffpmsg ("malloc failed to get memory for FITS array descriptors (ffpinit)"); (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr = 0; /* set a null table structure pointer */ return(*status = ARRAY_TOO_BIG); } /* copy the table structure address to the fitsfile structure */ (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr = colptr; /* the first column represents the group parameters, if any */ colptr->tbcol = 0; colptr->tdatatype = ttype; colptr->twidth = bytlen; colptr->trepeat = (LONGLONG) pcount; colptr->tscale = 1.; colptr->tzero = 0.; colptr->tnull = blank; colptr++; /* increment pointer to the second column */ /* the second column represents the image array */ colptr->tbcol = pcount * bytlen; /* col starts after the group parms */ colptr->tdatatype = ttype; colptr->twidth = bytlen; colptr->trepeat = npix; colptr->tscale = bscale; colptr->tzero = bzero; colptr->tnull = blank; } /* reset next keyword pointer to the start of the header */ (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu ]; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffainit(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* initialize the parameters defining the structure of an ASCII table */ int ii, nspace, ntilebins; long tfield; LONGLONG pcount, rowlen, nrows, tbcoln; tcolumn *colptr = 0; char name[FLEN_KEYWORD], value[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT]; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG], errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype = ASCII_TBL; /* set that this is an ASCII table */ (fptr->Fptr)->headend = (fptr->Fptr)->logfilesize; /* set max size */ /* get table parameters and test that the header is a valid: */ if (ffgttb(fptr, &rowlen, &nrows, &pcount, &tfield, status) > 0) return(*status); if (pcount != 0) { ffpmsg("PCOUNT keyword not equal to 0 in ASCII table (ffainit)."); snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG," PCOUNT = %ld", (long) pcount); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_PCOUNT); } (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = rowlen; /* store length of a row */ (fptr->Fptr)->tfield = tfield; /* store number of table fields in row */ /* free the tile-compressed image cache, if it exists */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->tilerow) { ntilebins = (((fptr->Fptr)->znaxis[0] - 1) / ((fptr->Fptr)->tilesize[0])) + 1; for (ii = 0; ii < ntilebins; ii++) { if ((fptr->Fptr)->tiledata[ii]) { free((fptr->Fptr)->tiledata[ii]); } if ((fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray[ii]) { free((fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray[ii]); } } free((fptr->Fptr)->tileanynull); free((fptr->Fptr)->tiletype); free((fptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize); free((fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray); free((fptr->Fptr)->tiledata); free((fptr->Fptr)->tilerow); (fptr->Fptr)->tileanynull = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tiletype = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tiledata = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tilerow = 0; } if ((fptr->Fptr)->tableptr) free((fptr->Fptr)->tableptr); /* free memory for the old CHDU */ /* mem for column structures ; space is initialized = 0 */ if (tfield > 0) { colptr = (tcolumn *) calloc(tfield, sizeof(tcolumn) ); if (!colptr) { ffpmsg ("malloc failed to get memory for FITS table descriptors (ffainit)"); (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr = 0; /* set a null table structure pointer */ return(*status = ARRAY_TOO_BIG); } } /* copy the table structure address to the fitsfile structure */ (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr = colptr; /* initialize the table field parameters */ for (ii = 0; ii < tfield; ii++, colptr++) { colptr->ttype[0] = '\0'; /* null column name */ colptr->tscale = 1.; colptr->tzero = 0.; colptr->strnull[0] = ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED; /* null value undefined */ colptr->tbcol = -1; /* initialize to illegal value */ colptr->tdatatype = -9999; /* initialize to illegal value */ } /* Initialize the fictitious heap starting address (immediately following the table data) and a zero length heap. This is used to find the end of the table data when checking the fill values in the last block. There is no special data following an ASCII table. */ (fptr->Fptr)->numrows = nrows; (fptr->Fptr)->origrows = nrows; (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart = rowlen * nrows; (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->compressimg = 0; /* this is not a compressed image */ /* now search for the table column keywords and the END keyword */ for (nspace = 0, ii = 8; 1; ii++) /* infinite loop */ { ffgkyn(fptr, ii, name, value, comm, status); /* try to ignore minor syntax errors */ if (*status == NO_QUOTE) { strcat(value, "'"); *status = 0; } else if (*status == BAD_KEYCHAR) { *status = 0; } if (*status == END_OF_FILE) { ffpmsg("END keyword not found in ASCII table header (ffainit)."); return(*status = NO_END); } else if (*status > 0) return(*status); else if (name[0] == 'T') /* keyword starts with 'T' ? */ ffgtbp(fptr, name, value, status); /* test if column keyword */ else if (!FSTRCMP(name, "END")) /* is this the END keyword? */ break; if (!name[0] && !value[0] && !comm[0]) /* a blank keyword? */ nspace++; else nspace = 0; } /* test that all required keywords were found and have legal values */ colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; for (ii = 0; ii < tfield; ii++, colptr++) { tbcoln = colptr->tbcol; /* the starting column number (zero based) */ if (colptr->tdatatype == -9999) { ffkeyn("TFORM", ii+1, name, status); /* construct keyword name */ snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,"Required %s keyword not found (ffainit).", name); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = NO_TFORM); } else if (tbcoln == -1) { ffkeyn("TBCOL", ii+1, name, status); /* construct keyword name */ snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,"Required %s keyword not found (ffainit).", name); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = NO_TBCOL); } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->rowlength != 0 && (tbcoln < 0 || tbcoln >= (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength ) ) { ffkeyn("TBCOL", ii+1, name, status); /* construct keyword name */ snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,"Value of %s keyword out of range: %ld (ffainit).", name, (long) tbcoln); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_TBCOL); } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->rowlength != 0 && tbcoln + colptr->twidth > (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength ) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,"Column %d is too wide to fit in table (ffainit)", ii+1); ffpmsg(message); snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG," TFORM = %s and NAXIS1 = %ld", colptr->tform, (long) (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = COL_TOO_WIDE); } } /* now we know everything about the table; just fill in the parameters: the 'END' record is 80 bytes before the current position, minus any trailing blank keywords just before the END keyword. */ (fptr->Fptr)->headend = (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey - (80 * (nspace + 1)); /* the data unit begins at the beginning of the next logical block */ (fptr->Fptr)->datastart = (((fptr->Fptr)->nextkey - 80) / 2880 + 1) * 2880; /* the next HDU begins in the next logical block after the data */ (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu + 1] = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + ( ((LONGLONG)rowlen * nrows + 2879) / 2880 * 2880 ); /* reset next keyword pointer to the start of the header */ (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu ]; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffbinit(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* initialize the parameters defining the structure of a binary table */ int ii, nspace, ntilebins; long tfield; LONGLONG pcount, rowlen, nrows, totalwidth; tcolumn *colptr = 0; char name[FLEN_KEYWORD], value[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT]; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype = BINARY_TBL; /* set that this is a binary table */ (fptr->Fptr)->headend = (fptr->Fptr)->logfilesize; /* set max size */ /* get table parameters and test that the header is valid: */ if (ffgttb(fptr, &rowlen, &nrows, &pcount, &tfield, status) > 0) return(*status); (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = rowlen; /* store length of a row */ (fptr->Fptr)->tfield = tfield; /* store number of table fields in row */ /* free the tile-compressed image cache, if it exists */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->tilerow) { ntilebins = (((fptr->Fptr)->znaxis[0] - 1) / ((fptr->Fptr)->tilesize[0])) + 1; for (ii = 0; ii < ntilebins; ii++) { if ((fptr->Fptr)->tiledata[ii]) { free((fptr->Fptr)->tiledata[ii]); } if ((fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray[ii]) { free((fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray[ii]); } } free((fptr->Fptr)->tileanynull); free((fptr->Fptr)->tiletype); free((fptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize); free((fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray); free((fptr->Fptr)->tiledata); free((fptr->Fptr)->tilerow); (fptr->Fptr)->tileanynull = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tiletype = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tiledata = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tilerow = 0; } if ((fptr->Fptr)->tableptr) free((fptr->Fptr)->tableptr); /* free memory for the old CHDU */ /* mem for column structures ; space is initialized = 0 */ if (tfield > 0) { colptr = (tcolumn *) calloc(tfield, sizeof(tcolumn) ); if (!colptr) { ffpmsg ("malloc failed to get memory for FITS table descriptors (ffbinit)"); (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr = 0; /* set a null table structure pointer */ return(*status = ARRAY_TOO_BIG); } } /* copy the table structure address to the fitsfile structure */ (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr = colptr; /* initialize the table field parameters */ for (ii = 0; ii < tfield; ii++, colptr++) { colptr->ttype[0] = '\0'; /* null column name */ colptr->tscale = 1.; colptr->tzero = 0.; colptr->tnull = NULL_UNDEFINED; /* (integer) null value undefined */ colptr->tdatatype = -9999; /* initialize to illegal value */ colptr->trepeat = 1; colptr->strnull[0] = '\0'; /* for ASCII string columns (TFORM = rA) */ } /* Initialize the heap starting address (immediately following the table data) and the size of the heap. This is used to find the end of the table data when checking the fill values in the last block. */ (fptr->Fptr)->numrows = nrows; (fptr->Fptr)->origrows = nrows; (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart = rowlen * nrows; (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize = pcount; (fptr->Fptr)->compressimg = 0; /* initialize as not a compressed image */ /* now search for the table column keywords and the END keyword */ for (nspace = 0, ii = 8; 1; ii++) /* infinite loop */ { ffgkyn(fptr, ii, name, value, comm, status); /* try to ignore minor syntax errors */ if (*status == NO_QUOTE) { strcat(value, "'"); *status = 0; } else if (*status == BAD_KEYCHAR) { *status = 0; } if (*status == END_OF_FILE) { ffpmsg("END keyword not found in binary table header (ffbinit)."); return(*status = NO_END); } else if (*status > 0) return(*status); else if (name[0] == 'T') /* keyword starts with 'T' ? */ ffgtbp(fptr, name, value, status); /* test if column keyword */ else if (!FSTRCMP(name, "ZIMAGE")) { if (value[0] == 'T') (fptr->Fptr)->compressimg = 1; /* this is a compressed image */ } else if (!FSTRCMP(name, "END")) /* is this the END keyword? */ break; if (!name[0] && !value[0] && !comm[0]) /* a blank keyword? */ nspace++; else nspace = 0; /* reset number of consecutive spaces before END */ } /* test that all the required keywords were found and have legal values */ colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* set pointer to first column */ for (ii = 0; ii < tfield; ii++, colptr++) { if (colptr->tdatatype == -9999) { ffkeyn("TFORM", ii+1, name, status); /* construct keyword name */ snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,"Required %s keyword not found (ffbinit).", name); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = NO_TFORM); } } /* now we know everything about the table; just fill in the parameters: the 'END' record is 80 bytes before the current position, minus any trailing blank keywords just before the END keyword. */ (fptr->Fptr)->headend = (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey - (80 * (nspace + 1)); /* the data unit begins at the beginning of the next logical block */ (fptr->Fptr)->datastart = (((fptr->Fptr)->nextkey - 80) / 2880 + 1) * 2880; /* the next HDU begins in the next logical block after the data */ (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu + 1] = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + ( ((fptr->Fptr)->heapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize + 2879) / 2880 * 2880 ); /* determine the byte offset to the beginning of each column */ ffgtbc(fptr, &totalwidth, status); if (totalwidth != rowlen) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "NAXIS1 = %ld is not equal to the sum of column widths: %ld", (long) rowlen, (long) totalwidth); ffpmsg(message); *status = BAD_ROW_WIDTH; } /* reset next keyword pointer to the start of the header */ (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu ]; if ( (fptr->Fptr)->compressimg == 1) /* Is this a compressed image */ imcomp_get_compressed_image_par(fptr, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgabc(int tfields, /* I - number of columns in the table */ char **tform, /* I - value of TFORMn keyword for each column */ int space, /* I - number of spaces to leave between cols */ long *rowlen, /* O - total width of a table row */ long *tbcol, /* O - starting byte in row for each column */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* calculate the starting byte offset of each column of an ASCII table and the total length of a row, in bytes. The input space value determines how many blank spaces to leave between each column (1 is recommended). */ { int ii, datacode, decims; long width; if (*status > 0) return(*status); *rowlen=0; if (tfields <= 0) return(*status); tbcol[0] = 1; for (ii = 0; ii < tfields; ii++) { tbcol[ii] = *rowlen + 1; /* starting byte in row of column */ ffasfm(tform[ii], &datacode, &width, &decims, status); *rowlen += (width + space); /* total length of row */ } *rowlen -= space; /* don't add space after the last field */ return (*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtbc(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ LONGLONG *totalwidth, /* O - total width of a table row */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* calculate the starting byte offset of each column of a binary table. Use the values of the datatype code and repeat counts in the column structure. Return the total length of a row, in bytes. */ int tfields, ii; LONGLONG nbytes; tcolumn *colptr; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG], *cptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); tfields = (fptr->Fptr)->tfield; colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column structure */ *totalwidth = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < tfields; ii++, colptr++) { colptr->tbcol = *totalwidth; /* byte offset in row to this column */ if (colptr->tdatatype == TSTRING) { nbytes = colptr->trepeat; /* one byte per char */ } else if (colptr->tdatatype == TBIT) { nbytes = ( colptr->trepeat + 7) / 8; } else if (colptr->tdatatype > 0) { nbytes = colptr->trepeat * (colptr->tdatatype / 10); } else { cptr = colptr->tform; while (isdigit(*cptr)) cptr++; if (*cptr == 'P') /* this is a 'P' variable length descriptor (neg. tdatatype) */ nbytes = colptr->trepeat * 8; else if (*cptr == 'Q') /* this is a 'Q' variable length descriptor (neg. tdatatype) */ nbytes = colptr->trepeat * 16; else { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "unknown binary table column type: %s", colptr->tform); ffpmsg(message); *status = BAD_TFORM; return(*status); } } *totalwidth = *totalwidth + nbytes; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgtbp(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ char *name, /* I - name of the keyword */ char *value, /* I - value string of the keyword */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* Get TaBle Parameter. The input keyword name begins with the letter T. Test if the keyword is one of the table column definition keywords of an ASCII or binary table. If so, decode it and update the value in the structure. */ int tstatus, datacode, decimals; long width, repeat, nfield, ivalue; LONGLONG jjvalue; double dvalue; char tvalue[FLEN_VALUE], *loc; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; tcolumn *colptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); tstatus = 0; /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); if(!FSTRNCMP(name + 1, "TYPE", 4) ) { /* get the index number */ if( ffc2ii(name + 5, &nfield, &tstatus) > 0) /* read index no. */ return(*status); /* must not be an indexed keyword */ if (nfield < 1 || nfield > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield ) /* out of range */ return(*status); colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* get pointer to columns */ colptr = colptr + nfield - 1; /* point to the correct column */ if (ffc2s(value, tvalue, &tstatus) > 0) /* remove quotes */ return(*status); strcpy(colptr->ttype, tvalue); /* copy col name to structure */ } else if(!FSTRNCMP(name + 1, "FORM", 4) ) { /* get the index number */ if( ffc2ii(name + 5, &nfield, &tstatus) > 0) /* read index no. */ return(*status); /* must not be an indexed keyword */ if (nfield < 1 || nfield > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield ) /* out of range */ return(*status); colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* get pointer to columns */ colptr = colptr + nfield - 1; /* point to the correct column */ if (ffc2s(value, tvalue, &tstatus) > 0) /* remove quotes */ return(*status); strncpy(colptr->tform, tvalue, 9); /* copy TFORM to structure */ colptr->tform[9] = '\0'; /* make sure it is terminated */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL) /* ASCII table */ { if (ffasfm(tvalue, &datacode, &width, &decimals, status) > 0) return(*status); /* bad format code */ colptr->tdatatype = TSTRING; /* store datatype code */ colptr->trepeat = 1; /* field repeat count == 1 */ colptr->twidth = width; /* the width of the field, in bytes */ } else /* binary table */ { if (ffbnfm(tvalue, &datacode, &repeat, &width, status) > 0) return(*status); /* bad format code */ colptr->tdatatype = datacode; /* store datatype code */ colptr->trepeat = (LONGLONG) repeat; /* field repeat count */ /* Don't overwrite the unit string width if it was previously */ /* set by a TDIMn keyword and has a legal value */ if (datacode == TSTRING) { if (colptr->twidth == 0 || colptr->twidth > repeat) colptr->twidth = width; /* width of a unit string */ } else { colptr->twidth = width; /* width of a unit value in chars */ } } } else if(!FSTRNCMP(name + 1, "BCOL", 4) ) { /* get the index number */ if( ffc2ii(name + 5, &nfield, &tstatus) > 0) /* read index no. */ return(*status); /* must not be an indexed keyword */ if (nfield < 1 || nfield > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield ) /* out of range */ return(*status); colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* get pointer to columns */ colptr = colptr + nfield - 1; /* point to the correct column */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == BINARY_TBL) return(*status); /* binary tables don't have TBCOL keywords */ if (ffc2ii(value, &ivalue, status) > 0) { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error reading value of %s as an integer: %s", name, value); ffpmsg(message); return(*status); } colptr->tbcol = ivalue - 1; /* convert to zero base */ } else if(!FSTRNCMP(name + 1, "SCAL", 4) ) { /* get the index number */ if( ffc2ii(name + 5, &nfield, &tstatus) > 0) /* read index no. */ return(*status); /* must not be an indexed keyword */ if (nfield < 1 || nfield > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield ) /* out of range */ return(*status); colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* get pointer to columns */ colptr = colptr + nfield - 1; /* point to the correct column */ if (ffc2dd(value, &dvalue, &tstatus) > 0) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error reading value of %s as a double: %s", name, value); ffpmsg(message); /* ignore this error, so don't return error status */ return(*status); } colptr->tscale = dvalue; } else if(!FSTRNCMP(name + 1, "ZERO", 4) ) { /* get the index number */ if( ffc2ii(name + 5, &nfield, &tstatus) > 0) /* read index no. */ return(*status); /* must not be an indexed keyword */ if (nfield < 1 || nfield > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield ) /* out of range */ return(*status); colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* get pointer to columns */ colptr = colptr + nfield - 1; /* point to the correct column */ if (ffc2dd(value, &dvalue, &tstatus) > 0) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error reading value of %s as a double: %s", name, value); ffpmsg(message); /* ignore this error, so don't return error status */ return(*status); } colptr->tzero = dvalue; } else if(!FSTRNCMP(name + 1, "NULL", 4) ) { /* get the index number */ if( ffc2ii(name + 5, &nfield, &tstatus) > 0) /* read index no. */ return(*status); /* must not be an indexed keyword */ if (nfield < 1 || nfield > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield ) /* out of range */ return(*status); colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* get pointer to columns */ colptr = colptr + nfield - 1; /* point to the correct column */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL) /* ASCII table */ { if (ffc2s(value, tvalue, &tstatus) > 0) /* remove quotes */ return(*status); strncpy(colptr->strnull, tvalue, 17); /* copy TNULL string */ colptr->strnull[17] = '\0'; /* terminate the strnull field */ } else /* binary table */ { if (ffc2jj(value, &jjvalue, &tstatus) > 0) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error reading value of %s as an integer: %s", name, value); ffpmsg(message); /* ignore this error, so don't return error status */ return(*status); } colptr->tnull = jjvalue; /* null value for integer column */ } } else if(!FSTRNCMP(name + 1, "DIM", 3) ) { if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL) /* ASCII table */ return(*status); /* ASCII tables don't support TDIMn keyword */ /* get the index number */ if( ffc2ii(name + 4, &nfield, &tstatus) > 0) /* read index no. */ return(*status); /* must not be an indexed keyword */ if (nfield < 1 || nfield > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield ) /* out of range */ return(*status); colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* get pointer to columns */ colptr = colptr + nfield - 1; /* point to the correct column */ /* uninitialized columns have tdatatype set = -9999 */ if (colptr->tdatatype != -9999 && colptr->tdatatype != TSTRING) return(*status); /* this is not an ASCII string column */ loc = strchr(value, '(' ); /* find the opening parenthesis */ if (!loc) return(*status); /* not a proper TDIM keyword */ loc++; width = strtol(loc, &loc, 10); /* read size of first dimension */ if (colptr->trepeat != 1 && colptr->trepeat < width) return(*status); /* string length is greater than column width */ colptr->twidth = width; /* set width of a unit string in chars */ } else if (!FSTRNCMP(name + 1, "HEAP", 4) ) { if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL) /* ASCII table */ return(*status); /* ASCII tables don't have a heap */ if (ffc2jj(value, &jjvalue, &tstatus) > 0) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error reading value of %s as an integer: %s", name, value); ffpmsg(message); /* ignore this error, so don't return error status */ return(*status); } (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart = jjvalue; /* starting byte of the heap */ return(*status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcprll( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number (1 = 1st column of table) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row (1 = 1st row of table) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first element within vector (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of elements to read or write */ int writemode, /* I - = 1 if writing data, = 0 if reading data */ /* If = 2, then writing data, but don't modify */ /* the returned values of repeat and incre. */ /* If = -1, then reading data in reverse */ /* direction. */ /* If writemode has 16 added, then treat */ /* TSTRING column as TBYTE vector */ double *scale, /* O - FITS scaling factor (TSCALn keyword value) */ double *zero, /* O - FITS scaling zero pt (TZEROn keyword value) */ char *tform, /* O - ASCII column format: value of TFORMn keyword */ long *twidth, /* O - width of ASCII column (characters) */ int *tcode, /* O - abs(column datatype code): I*4=41, R*4=42, etc */ int *maxelem, /* O - max number of elements that fit in buffer */ LONGLONG *startpos,/* O - offset in file to starting row & column */ LONGLONG *elemnum, /* O - starting element number ( 0 = 1st element) */ long *incre, /* O - byte offset between elements within a row */ LONGLONG *repeat, /* O - number of elements in a row (vector column) */ LONGLONG *rowlen, /* O - length of a row, in bytes */ int *hdutype, /* O - HDU type: 0, 1, 2 = primary, table, bintable */ LONGLONG *tnull, /* O - null value for integer columns */ char *snull, /* O - null value for ASCII table columns */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Get Column PaRameters, and test starting row and element numbers for validity. This is a workhorse routine that is call by nearly every other routine that reads or writes to FITS files. */ { int nulpos, rangecheck = 1, tstatus = 0; LONGLONG datastart, endpos; long nblock; LONGLONG heapoffset, lrepeat, endrow, nrows, tbcol; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; tcolumn *colptr; if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) { /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) { /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */ if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) return(*status); } else if (writemode > 0 && writemode != 15) { /* Only terminate the header with the END card if */ /* writing to the stdout stream (don't have random access). */ /* Initialize STREAM_DRIVER to be the device number for */ /* writing FITS files directly out to the stdout stream. */ /* This only needs to be done once and is thread safe. */ if (STREAM_DRIVER <= 0 || STREAM_DRIVER > 40) { urltype2driver("stream://", &STREAM_DRIVER); } if ((fptr->Fptr)->driver == STREAM_DRIVER) { if ((fptr->Fptr)->ENDpos != maxvalue((fptr->Fptr)->headend , (fptr->Fptr)->datastart -2880)) { ffwend(fptr, status); } } } /* Do sanity check of input parameters */ if (firstrow < 1) { if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) /* Primary Array or IMAGE */ { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Image group number is less than 1: %.0f", (double) firstrow); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM); } else { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Starting row number is less than 1: %.0f", (double) firstrow); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM); } } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype != ASCII_TBL && firstelem < 1) { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Starting element number less than 1: %ld", (long) firstelem); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); } else if (nelem < 0) { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Tried to read or write less than 0 elements: %.0f", (double) nelem); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = NEG_BYTES); } else if (colnum < 1 || colnum > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield) { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Specified column number is out of range: %d", colnum); ffpmsg(message); snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG," There are %d columns in this table.", (fptr->Fptr)->tfield ); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM); } /* copy relevant parameters from the structure */ *hdutype = (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype; /* image, ASCII table, or BINTABLE */ *rowlen = (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength; /* width of the table, in bytes */ datastart = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart; /* offset in file to start of table */ colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to correct column structure */ *scale = colptr->tscale; /* value scaling factor; default = 1.0 */ *zero = colptr->tzero; /* value scaling zeropoint; default = 0.0 */ *tnull = colptr->tnull; /* null value for integer columns */ tbcol = colptr->tbcol; /* offset to start of column within row */ *twidth = colptr->twidth; /* width of a single datum, in bytes */ *incre = colptr->twidth; /* increment between datums, in bytes */ *tcode = colptr->tdatatype; *repeat = colptr->trepeat; strcpy(tform, colptr->tform); /* value of TFORMn keyword */ strcpy(snull, colptr->strnull); /* null value for ASCII table columns */ if (*hdutype == ASCII_TBL && snull[0] == '\0') { /* In ASCII tables, a null value is equivalent to all spaces */ strcpy(snull, " "); /* maximum of 17 spaces */ nulpos = minvalue(17, *twidth); /* truncate to width of column */ snull[nulpos] = '\0'; } /* Special case: use writemode = 15,16,17,18 to interpret TSTRING columns as TBYTE vectors instead (but not for ASCII tables). writemode = 15 equivalent to writemode =-1 writemode = 16 equivalent to writemode = 0 writemode = 17 equivalent to writemode = 1 writemode = 18 equivalent to writemode = 2 */ if (writemode >= 15 && writemode <= 18) { if (abs(*tcode) == TSTRING && *hdutype != ASCII_TBL ) { *incre = 1; /* each element is 1 byte wide */ if (*tcode < 0) *repeat = *twidth; /* variable columns appear to put width in *twidth */ *twidth = 1; /* width of each element */ *scale = 1.0; /* no scaling */ *zero = 0.0; *tnull = NULL_UNDEFINED; /* don't test for nulls */ *maxelem = DBUFFSIZE; if (*tcode < 0) { *tcode = -TBYTE; /* variable-length */ } else { *tcode = TBYTE; } } /* translate to the equivalent as listed above */ writemode -= 16; } /* Special case: interpret writemode = -1 as reading data, but */ /* don't do error check for exceeding the range of pixels */ if (writemode == -1) { writemode = 0; rangecheck = 0; } /* Special case: interprete 'X' column as 'B' */ if (abs(*tcode) == TBIT) { *tcode = *tcode / TBIT * TBYTE; *repeat = (*repeat + 7) / 8; } /* Special case: support the 'rAw' format in BINTABLEs */ if (*hdutype == BINARY_TBL && *tcode == TSTRING) { if (*twidth) *repeat = *repeat / *twidth; /* repeat = # of unit strings in field */ else *repeat = 0; } else if (*hdutype == BINARY_TBL && *tcode == -TSTRING) { /* variable length string */ *incre = 1; *twidth = (long) nelem; } if (*hdutype == ASCII_TBL) *elemnum = 0; /* ASCII tables don't have vector elements */ else *elemnum = firstelem - 1; /* interprete complex and double complex as pairs of floats or doubles */ if (abs(*tcode) >= TCOMPLEX) { if (*tcode > 0) *tcode = (*tcode + 1) / 2; else *tcode = (*tcode - 1) / 2; *repeat = *repeat * 2; *twidth = *twidth / 2; *incre = *incre / 2; } /* calculate no. of pixels that fit in buffer */ /* allow for case where floats are 8 bytes long */ if (abs(*tcode) == TFLOAT) *maxelem = DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(float); else if (abs(*tcode) == TDOUBLE) *maxelem = DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double); else if (abs(*tcode) == TSTRING) { if (*twidth) *maxelem = (DBUFFSIZE - 1)/ *twidth; /* leave room for final \0 */ else *maxelem = DBUFFSIZE - 1; if (*maxelem == 0) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "ASCII string column is too wide: %ld; max supported width is %d", *twidth, DBUFFSIZE - 1); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = COL_TOO_WIDE); } } else *maxelem = DBUFFSIZE / *twidth; /* calc starting byte position to 1st element of col */ /* (this does not apply to variable length columns) */ *startpos = datastart + ((LONGLONG)(firstrow - 1) * *rowlen) + tbcol; if (*hdutype == IMAGE_HDU && writemode) /* Primary Array or IMAGE */ { /* For primary arrays, set the repeat count greater than the total number of pixels to be written. This prevents an out-of-range error message in cases where the final image array size is not yet known or defined. */ if (*repeat < *elemnum + nelem) *repeat = *elemnum + nelem; } else if (*tcode > 0) /* Fixed length table column */ { if (*elemnum >= *repeat) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "First element to write is too large: %ld; max allowed value is %ld", (long) ((*elemnum) + 1), (long) *repeat); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); } /* last row number to be read or written */ endrow = ((*elemnum + nelem - 1) / *repeat) + firstrow; if (writemode) { /* check if we are writing beyond the current end of table */ if ((endrow > (fptr->Fptr)->numrows) && (nelem > 0) ) { /* if there are more HDUs following the current one, or */ /* if there is a data heap, then we must insert space */ /* for the new rows. */ if ( !((fptr->Fptr)->lasthdu) || (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize > 0) { nrows = endrow - ((fptr->Fptr)->numrows); if (ffirow(fptr, (fptr->Fptr)->numrows, nrows, status) > 0) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Failed to add space for %.0f new rows in table.", (double) nrows); ffpmsg(message); return(*status); } } else { /* update heap starting address */ (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart += ((LONGLONG)(endrow - (fptr->Fptr)->numrows) * (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength ); (fptr->Fptr)->numrows = endrow; /* update number of rows */ } } } else /* reading from the file */ { if ( endrow > (fptr->Fptr)->numrows && rangecheck) { if (*hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) /* Primary Array or IMAGE */ { if (firstrow > (fptr->Fptr)->numrows) { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Attempted to read from group %ld of the HDU,", (long) firstrow); ffpmsg(message); snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "however the HDU only contains %ld group(s).", (long) ((fptr->Fptr)->numrows) ); ffpmsg(message); } else { ffpmsg("Attempt to read past end of array:"); snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, " Image has %ld elements;", (long) *repeat); ffpmsg(message); snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, " Tried to read %ld elements starting at element %ld.", (long) nelem, (long) firstelem); ffpmsg(message); } } else { ffpmsg("Attempt to read past end of table:"); snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, " Table has %.0f rows with %.0f elements per row;", (double) ((fptr->Fptr)->numrows), (double) *repeat); ffpmsg(message); snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, " Tried to read %.0f elements starting at row %.0f, element %.0f.", (double) nelem, (double) firstrow, (double) ((*elemnum) + 1)); ffpmsg(message); } return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM); } } if (*repeat == 1 && nelem > 1 && writemode != 2) { /* When accessing a scalar column, fool the calling routine into thinking that this is a vector column with very big elements. This allows multiple values (up to the maxelem number of elements that will fit in the buffer) to be read or written with a single routine call, which increases the efficiency. If writemode == 2, then the calling program does not want to have this efficiency trick applied. */ if (*rowlen <= LONG_MAX) { *incre = (long) *rowlen; *repeat = nelem; } } } else /* Variable length Binary Table column */ { *tcode *= (-1); if (writemode) /* return next empty heap address for writing */ { *repeat = nelem + *elemnum; /* total no. of elements in the field */ /* first, check if we are overwriting an existing row, and */ /* if so, if the existing space is big enough for the new vector */ if ( firstrow <= (fptr->Fptr)->numrows ) { ffgdesll(fptr, colnum, firstrow, &lrepeat, &heapoffset, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) { if (colptr->tdatatype <= -TCOMPLEX) lrepeat = lrepeat * 2; /* no. of float or double values */ else if (colptr->tdatatype == -TBIT) lrepeat = (lrepeat + 7) / 8; /* convert from bits to bytes */ if (lrepeat >= *repeat) /* enough existing space? */ { *startpos = datastart + heapoffset + (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart; /* write the descriptor into the fixed length part of table */ if (colptr->tdatatype <= -TCOMPLEX) { /* divide repeat count by 2 to get no. of complex values */ ffpdes(fptr, colnum, firstrow, *repeat / 2, heapoffset, status); } else { ffpdes(fptr, colnum, firstrow, *repeat, heapoffset, status); } return(*status); } } } /* Add more rows to the table, if writing beyond the end. */ /* It is necessary to shift the heap down in this case */ if ( firstrow > (fptr->Fptr)->numrows) { nrows = firstrow - ((fptr->Fptr)->numrows); if (ffirow(fptr, (fptr->Fptr)->numrows, nrows, status) > 0) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Failed to add space for %.0f new rows in table.", (double) nrows); ffpmsg(message); return(*status); } } /* calculate starting position (for writing new data) in the heap */ *startpos = datastart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize; /* write the descriptor into the fixed length part of table */ if (colptr->tdatatype <= -TCOMPLEX) { /* divide repeat count by 2 to get no. of complex values */ ffpdes(fptr, colnum, firstrow, *repeat / 2, (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize, status); } else { ffpdes(fptr, colnum, firstrow, *repeat, (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize, status); } /* If this is not the last HDU in the file, then check if */ /* extending the heap would overwrite the following header. */ /* If so, then have to insert more blocks. */ if ( !((fptr->Fptr)->lasthdu) ) { endpos = datastart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize + ( *repeat * (*incre)); if (endpos > (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu + 1]) { /* calc the number of blocks that need to be added */ nblock = (long) (((endpos - 1 - (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu + 1] ) / 2880) + 1); if (ffiblk(fptr, nblock, 1, status) > 0) /* insert blocks */ { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Failed to extend the size of the variable length heap by %ld blocks.", nblock); ffpmsg(message); return(*status); } } } /* increment the address to the next empty heap position */ (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize += ( *repeat * (*incre)); } else /* get the read start position in the heap */ { if ( firstrow > (fptr->Fptr)->numrows) { ffpmsg("Attempt to read past end of table"); snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, " Table has %.0f rows and tried to read row %.0f.", (double) ((fptr->Fptr)->numrows), (double) firstrow); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM); } ffgdesll(fptr, colnum, firstrow, &lrepeat, &heapoffset, status); *repeat = lrepeat; if (colptr->tdatatype <= -TCOMPLEX) *repeat = *repeat * 2; /* no. of float or double values */ else if (colptr->tdatatype == -TBIT) *repeat = (*repeat + 7) / 8; /* convert from bits to bytes */ if (*elemnum >= *repeat) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Starting element to read in variable length column is too large: %ld", (long) firstelem); ffpmsg(message); snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, " This row only contains %ld elements", (long) *repeat); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); } *startpos = datastart + heapoffset + (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart; } } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fftheap(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ LONGLONG *heapsz, /* O - current size of the heap */ LONGLONG *unused, /* O - no. of unused bytes in the heap */ LONGLONG *overlap, /* O - no. of bytes shared by > 1 descriptors */ int *valid, /* O - are all the heap addresses valid? */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Tests the contents of the binary table variable length array heap. Returns the number of bytes that are currently not pointed to by any of the descriptors, and also the number of bytes that are pointed to by more than one descriptor. It returns valid = FALSE if any of the descriptors point to addresses that are out of the bounds of the heap. */ { int jj, typecode, pixsize; long ii, kk, theapsz, nbytes; LONGLONG repeat, offset, tunused = 0, toverlap = 0; char *buffer, message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if ( fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* rescan header to make sure everything is up to date */ else if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) return(*status); if (valid) *valid = TRUE; if (heapsz) *heapsz = (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize; if (unused) *unused = 0; if (overlap) *overlap = 0; /* return if this is not a binary table HDU or if the heap is empty */ if ( (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype != BINARY_TBL || (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize == 0 ) return(*status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->heapsize > LONG_MAX) { ffpmsg("Heap is too big to test ( > 2**31 bytes). (fftheap)"); return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } theapsz = (long) (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize; buffer = calloc(1, theapsz); /* allocate temp space */ if (!buffer ) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,"Failed to allocate buffer to test the heap"); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* loop over all cols */ for (jj = 1; jj <= (fptr->Fptr)->tfield && *status <= 0; jj++) { ffgtcl(fptr, jj, &typecode, NULL, NULL, status); if (typecode > 0) continue; /* ignore fixed length columns */ pixsize = -typecode / 10; for (ii = 1; ii <= (fptr->Fptr)->numrows; ii++) { ffgdesll(fptr, jj, ii, &repeat, &offset, status); if (typecode == -TBIT) nbytes = (long) (repeat + 7) / 8; else nbytes = (long) repeat * pixsize; if (offset < 0 || offset + nbytes > theapsz) { if (valid) *valid = FALSE; /* address out of bounds */ snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Descriptor in row %ld, column %d has invalid heap address", ii, jj); ffpmsg(message); } else { for (kk = 0; kk < nbytes; kk++) buffer[kk + offset]++; /* increment every used byte */ } } } for (kk = 0; kk < theapsz; kk++) { if (buffer[kk] == 0) tunused++; else if (buffer[kk] > 1) toverlap++; } if (heapsz) *heapsz = theapsz; if (unused) *unused = tunused; if (overlap) *overlap = toverlap; free(buffer); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffcmph(fitsfile *fptr, /* I -FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* compress the binary table heap by reordering the contents heap and recovering any unused space */ { fitsfile *tptr; int jj, typecode, pixsize, valid; long ii, buffsize = 10000, nblock, nbytes; LONGLONG unused, overlap; LONGLONG repeat, offset; char *buffer, *tbuff, comm[FLEN_COMMENT]; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; LONGLONG pcount; LONGLONG readheapstart, writeheapstart, endpos, t1heapsize, t2heapsize; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* get information about the current heap */ fftheap(fptr, NULL, &unused, &overlap, &valid, status); if (!valid) return(*status = BAD_HEAP_PTR); /* bad heap pointers */ /* return if this is not a binary table HDU or if the heap is OK as is */ if ( (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype != BINARY_TBL || (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize == 0 || (unused == 0 && overlap == 0) || *status > 0 ) return(*status); /* copy the current HDU to a temporary file in memory */ if (ffinit( &tptr, "mem://tempheapfile", status) ) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,"Failed to create temporary file for the heap"); ffpmsg(message); return(*status); } if ( ffcopy(fptr, tptr, 0, status) ) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,"Failed to create copy of the heap"); ffpmsg(message); ffclos(tptr, status); return(*status); } buffer = (char *) malloc(buffsize); /* allocate initial buffer */ if (!buffer) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,"Failed to allocate buffer to copy the heap"); ffpmsg(message); ffclos(tptr, status); return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } readheapstart = (tptr->Fptr)->datastart + (tptr->Fptr)->heapstart; writeheapstart = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart; t1heapsize = (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize; /* save original heap size */ (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize = 0; /* reset heap to zero */ /* loop over all cols */ for (jj = 1; jj <= (fptr->Fptr)->tfield && *status <= 0; jj++) { ffgtcl(tptr, jj, &typecode, NULL, NULL, status); if (typecode > 0) continue; /* ignore fixed length columns */ pixsize = -typecode / 10; /* copy heap data, row by row */ for (ii = 1; ii <= (fptr->Fptr)->numrows; ii++) { ffgdesll(tptr, jj, ii, &repeat, &offset, status); if (typecode == -TBIT) nbytes = (long) (repeat + 7) / 8; else nbytes = (long) repeat * pixsize; /* increase size of buffer if necessary to read whole array */ if (nbytes > buffsize) { tbuff = realloc(buffer, nbytes); if (tbuff) { buffer = tbuff; buffsize = nbytes; } else *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; } /* If this is not the last HDU in the file, then check if */ /* extending the heap would overwrite the following header. */ /* If so, then have to insert more blocks. */ if ( !((fptr->Fptr)->lasthdu) ) { endpos = writeheapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize + nbytes; if (endpos > (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu + 1]) { /* calc the number of blocks that need to be added */ nblock = (long) (((endpos - 1 - (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu + 1] ) / 2880) + 1); if (ffiblk(fptr, nblock, 1, status) > 0) /* insert blocks */ { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Failed to extend the size of the variable length heap by %ld blocks.", nblock); ffpmsg(message); } } } /* read arrray of bytes from temporary copy */ ffmbyt(tptr, readheapstart + offset, REPORT_EOF, status); ffgbyt(tptr, nbytes, buffer, status); /* write arrray of bytes back to original file */ ffmbyt(fptr, writeheapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize, IGNORE_EOF, status); ffpbyt(fptr, nbytes, buffer, status); /* write descriptor */ ffpdes(fptr, jj, ii, repeat, (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize, status); (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize += nbytes; /* update heapsize */ if (*status > 0) { free(buffer); ffclos(tptr, status); return(*status); } } } free(buffer); ffclos(tptr, status); /* delete any empty blocks at the end of the HDU */ nblock = (long) (( (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu + 1] - (writeheapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize) ) / 2880); if (nblock > 0) { t2heapsize = (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize; /* save new heap size */ (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize = t1heapsize; /* restore original heap size */ ffdblk(fptr, nblock, status); (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize = t2heapsize; /* reset correct heap size */ } /* update the PCOUNT value (size of heap) */ ffmaky(fptr, 2, status); /* reset to beginning of header */ ffgkyjj(fptr, "PCOUNT", &pcount, comm, status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->heapsize != pcount) { ffmkyj(fptr, "PCOUNT", (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize, comm, status); } ffrdef(fptr, status); /* rescan new HDU structure */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgdes(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number (1 = 1st column of table) */ LONGLONG rownum, /* I - row number (1 = 1st row of table) */ long *length, /* O - number of elements in the row */ long *heapaddr, /* O - heap pointer to the data */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* get (read) the variable length vector descriptor from the table. */ { LONGLONG lengthjj, heapaddrjj; if (ffgdesll(fptr, colnum, rownum, &lengthjj, &heapaddrjj, status) > 0) return(*status); /* convert the temporary 8-byte values to 4-byte values */ /* check for overflow */ if (length) { if (lengthjj > LONG_MAX) *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; else *length = (long) lengthjj; } if (heapaddr) { if (heapaddrjj > LONG_MAX) *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; else *heapaddr = (long) heapaddrjj; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgdesll(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number (1 = 1st column of table) */ LONGLONG rownum, /* I - row number (1 = 1st row of table) */ LONGLONG *length, /* O - number of elements in the row */ LONGLONG *heapaddr, /* O - heap pointer to the data */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* get (read) the variable length vector descriptor from the binary table. This is similar to ffgdes, except it supports the full 8-byte range of the length and offset values in 'Q' columns, as well as 'P' columns. */ { LONGLONG bytepos; unsigned int descript4[2] = {0,0}; LONGLONG descript8[2] = {0,0}; tcolumn *colptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column structure */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to the correct column */ if (colptr->tdatatype >= 0) { *status = NOT_VARI_LEN; return(*status); } bytepos = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + ((fptr->Fptr)->rowlength * (rownum - 1)) + colptr->tbcol; if (colptr->tform[0] == 'P' || colptr->tform[1] == 'P') { /* read 4-byte descriptor */ if (ffgi4b(fptr, bytepos, 2, 4, (INT32BIT *) descript4, status) <= 0) { if (length) *length = (LONGLONG) descript4[0]; /* 1st word is the length */ if (heapaddr) *heapaddr = (LONGLONG) descript4[1]; /* 2nd word is the address */ } } else /* this is for 'Q' columns */ { /* read 8 byte descriptor */ if (ffgi8b(fptr, bytepos, 2, 8, (long *) descript8, status) <= 0) { if (length) *length = descript8[0]; /* 1st word is the length */ if (heapaddr) *heapaddr = descript8[1]; /* 2nd word is the address */ } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgdess(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number (1 = 1st column of table) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row (1 = 1st row of table) */ LONGLONG nrows, /* I - number or rows to read */ long *length, /* O - number of elements in the row */ long *heapaddr, /* O - heap pointer to the data */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* get (read) a range of variable length vector descriptors from the table. */ { LONGLONG rowsize, bytepos; long ii; INT32BIT descript4[2] = {0,0}; LONGLONG descript8[2] = {0,0}; tcolumn *colptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column structure */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to the correct column */ if (colptr->tdatatype >= 0) { *status = NOT_VARI_LEN; return(*status); } rowsize = (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength; bytepos = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + (rowsize * (firstrow - 1)) + colptr->tbcol; if (colptr->tform[0] == 'P' || colptr->tform[1] == 'P') { /* read 4-byte descriptors */ for (ii = 0; ii < nrows; ii++) { /* read descriptors */ if (ffgi4b(fptr, bytepos, 2, 4, descript4, status) <= 0) { if (length) { *length = (long) descript4[0]; /* 1st word is the length */ length++; } if (heapaddr) { *heapaddr = (long) descript4[1]; /* 2nd word is the address */ heapaddr++; } bytepos += rowsize; } else return(*status); } } else /* this is for 'Q' columns */ { /* read 8-byte descriptors */ for (ii = 0; ii < nrows; ii++) { /* read descriptors */ if (ffgi8b(fptr, bytepos, 2, 8, (long *) descript8, status) <= 0) { if (length) { if (descript8[0] > LONG_MAX)*status = NUM_OVERFLOW; *length = (long) descript8[0]; /* 1st word is the length */ length++; } if (heapaddr) { if (descript8[1] > LONG_MAX)*status = NUM_OVERFLOW; *heapaddr = (long) descript8[1]; /* 2nd word is the address */ heapaddr++; } bytepos += rowsize; } else return(*status); } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgdessll(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number (1 = 1st column of table) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row (1 = 1st row of table) */ LONGLONG nrows, /* I - number or rows to read */ LONGLONG *length, /* O - number of elements in the row */ LONGLONG *heapaddr, /* O - heap pointer to the data */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* get (read) a range of variable length vector descriptors from the table. */ { LONGLONG rowsize, bytepos; long ii; unsigned int descript4[2] = {0,0}; LONGLONG descript8[2] = {0,0}; tcolumn *colptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column structure */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to the correct column */ if (colptr->tdatatype >= 0) { *status = NOT_VARI_LEN; return(*status); } rowsize = (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength; bytepos = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + (rowsize * (firstrow - 1)) + colptr->tbcol; if (colptr->tform[0] == 'P' || colptr->tform[1] == 'P') { /* read 4-byte descriptors */ for (ii = 0; ii < nrows; ii++) { /* read descriptors */ if (ffgi4b(fptr, bytepos, 2, 4, (INT32BIT *) descript4, status) <= 0) { if (length) { *length = (LONGLONG) descript4[0]; /* 1st word is the length */ length++; } if (heapaddr) { *heapaddr = (LONGLONG) descript4[1]; /* 2nd word is the address */ heapaddr++; } bytepos += rowsize; } else return(*status); } } else /* this is for 'Q' columns */ { /* read 8-byte descriptors */ for (ii = 0; ii < nrows; ii++) { /* read descriptors */ /* cast to type (long *) even though it is actually (LONGLONG *) */ if (ffgi8b(fptr, bytepos, 2, 8, (long *) descript8, status) <= 0) { if (length) { *length = descript8[0]; /* 1st word is the length */ length++; } if (heapaddr) { *heapaddr = descript8[1]; /* 2nd word is the address */ heapaddr++; } bytepos += rowsize; } else return(*status); } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpdes(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number (1 = 1st column of table) */ LONGLONG rownum, /* I - row number (1 = 1st row of table) */ LONGLONG length, /* I - number of elements in the row */ LONGLONG heapaddr, /* I - heap pointer to the data */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* put (write) the variable length vector descriptor to the table. */ { LONGLONG bytepos; unsigned int descript4[2]; LONGLONG descript8[2]; tcolumn *colptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column structure */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to the correct column */ if (colptr->tdatatype >= 0) *status = NOT_VARI_LEN; bytepos = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + ((fptr->Fptr)->rowlength * (rownum - 1)) + colptr->tbcol; ffmbyt(fptr, bytepos, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* move to element */ if (colptr->tform[0] == 'P' || colptr->tform[1] == 'P') { if (length > UINT_MAX || length < 0 || heapaddr > UINT_MAX || heapaddr < 0) { ffpmsg("P variable length column descriptor is out of range"); *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; return(*status); } descript4[0] = (unsigned int) length; /* 1st word is the length */ descript4[1] = (unsigned int) heapaddr; /* 2nd word is the address */ ffpi4b(fptr, 2, 4, (INT32BIT *) descript4, status); /* write the descriptor */ } else /* this is a 'Q' descriptor column */ { descript8[0] = length; /* 1st word is the length */ descript8[1] = heapaddr; /* 2nd word is the address */ ffpi8b(fptr, 2, 8, (long *) descript8, status); /* write the descriptor */ } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffchdu(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* close the current HDU. If we have write access to the file, then: - write the END keyword and pad header with blanks if necessary - check the data fill values, and rewrite them if not correct */ char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; int ii, stdriver, ntilebins; /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) { ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* no need to do any further updating of the HDU */ } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->writemode == 1) { urltype2driver("stream://", &stdriver); /* don't rescan header in special case of writing to stdout */ if (((fptr->Fptr)->driver != stdriver)) ffrdef(fptr, status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->heapsize > 0) { ffuptf(fptr, status); /* update the variable length TFORM values */ } ffpdfl(fptr, status); /* insure correct data fill values */ } if ((fptr->Fptr)->open_count == 1) { /* free memory for the CHDU structure only if no other files are using it */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->tableptr) { free((fptr->Fptr)->tableptr); (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr = NULL; /* free the tile-compressed image cache, if it exists */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->tilerow) { ntilebins = (((fptr->Fptr)->znaxis[0] - 1) / ((fptr->Fptr)->tilesize[0])) + 1; for (ii = 0; ii < ntilebins; ii++) { if ((fptr->Fptr)->tiledata[ii]) { free((fptr->Fptr)->tiledata[ii]); } if ((fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray[ii]) { free((fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray[ii]); } } free((fptr->Fptr)->tileanynull); free((fptr->Fptr)->tiletype); free((fptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize); free((fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray); free((fptr->Fptr)->tiledata); free((fptr->Fptr)->tilerow); (fptr->Fptr)->tileanynull = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tiletype = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tiledata = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->tilerow = 0; } } } if (*status > 0 && *status != NO_CLOSE_ERROR) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error while closing HDU number %d (ffchdu).", (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu); ffpmsg(message); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffuptf(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Update the value of the TFORM keywords for the variable length array columns to make sure they all have the form 1Px(len) or Px(len) where 'len' is the maximum length of the vector in the table (e.g., '1PE(400)') */ { int ii, lenform=0; long tflds; LONGLONG length, addr, maxlen, naxis2, jj; char comment[FLEN_COMMENT], keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD]; char tform[FLEN_VALUE], newform[FLEN_VALUE], lenval[40]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; char *tmp; ffmaky(fptr, 2, status); /* reset to beginning of header */ ffgkyjj(fptr, "NAXIS2", &naxis2, comment, status); ffgkyj(fptr, "TFIELDS", &tflds, comment, status); for (ii = 1; ii <= tflds; ii++) /* loop over all the columns */ { ffkeyn("TFORM", ii, keyname, status); /* construct name */ if (ffgkys(fptr, keyname, tform, comment, status) > 0) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error while updating variable length vector TFORMn values (ffuptf)."); ffpmsg(message); return(*status); } /* is this a variable array length column ? */ if (tform[0] == 'P' || tform[1] == 'P' || tform[0] == 'Q' || tform[1] == 'Q') { /* get the max length */ maxlen = 0; for (jj=1; jj <= naxis2; jj++) { ffgdesll(fptr, ii, jj, &length, &addr, status); if (length > maxlen) maxlen = length; } /* construct the new keyword value */ strcpy(newform, "'"); tmp = strchr(tform, '('); /* truncate old length, if present */ if (tmp) *tmp = 0; lenform = strlen(tform); /* print as double, because the string-to-64-bit */ /* conversion is platform dependent (%lld, %ld, %I64d) */ snprintf(lenval,40, "(%.0f)", (double) maxlen); if (lenform+strlen(lenval)+2 > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("Error assembling TFORMn string (ffuptf)."); return(*status = BAD_TFORM); } strcat(newform, tform); strcat(newform,lenval); while(strlen(newform) < 9) strcat(newform," "); /* append spaces 'till length = 8 */ strcat(newform,"'" ); /* append closing parenthesis */ /* would be simpler to just call ffmkyj here, but this */ /* would force linking in all the modkey & putkey routines */ ffmkky(keyname, newform, comment, card, status); /* make new card */ ffmkey(fptr, card, status); /* replace last read keyword */ } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffrdef(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* ReDEFine the structure of a data unit. This routine re-reads the CHDU header keywords to determine the structure and length of the current data unit. This redefines the start of the next HDU. */ { int dummy, tstatus = 0; LONGLONG naxis2; LONGLONG pcount; char card[FLEN_CARD], comm[FLEN_COMMENT], valstring[FLEN_VALUE]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) { ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->writemode == 1) /* write access to the file? */ { /* don't need to check NAXIS2 and PCOUNT if data hasn't been written */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart != DATA_UNDEFINED) { /* update NAXIS2 keyword if more rows were written to the table */ /* and if the user has not explicitly reset the NAXIS2 value */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype != IMAGE_HDU) { ffmaky(fptr, 2, status); if (ffgkyjj(fptr, "NAXIS2", &naxis2, comm, &tstatus) > 0) { /* Couldn't read NAXIS2 (odd!); in certain circumstances */ /* this may be normal, so ignore the error. */ naxis2 = (fptr->Fptr)->numrows; } if ((fptr->Fptr)->numrows > naxis2 && (fptr->Fptr)->origrows == naxis2) /* if origrows is not equal to naxis2, then the user must */ /* have manually modified the NAXIS2 keyword value, and */ /* we will assume that the current value is correct. */ { /* would be simpler to just call ffmkyj here, but this */ /* would force linking in all the modkey & putkey routines */ /* print as double because the 64-bit int conversion */ /* is platform dependent (%lld, %ld, %I64 ) */ snprintf(valstring,FLEN_VALUE, "%.0f", (double) ((fptr->Fptr)->numrows)); ffmkky("NAXIS2", valstring, comm, card, status); ffmkey(fptr, card, status); } } /* if data has been written to variable length columns in a */ /* binary table, then we may need to update the PCOUNT value */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->heapsize > 0) { ffmaky(fptr, 2, status); ffgkyjj(fptr, "PCOUNT", &pcount, comm, status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->heapsize != pcount) { ffmkyj(fptr, "PCOUNT", (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize, comm, status); } } } if (ffwend(fptr, status) <= 0) /* rewrite END keyword and fill */ { ffrhdu(fptr, &dummy, status); /* re-scan the header keywords */ } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffhdef(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int morekeys, /* I - reserve space for this many keywords */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* based on the number of keywords which have already been written, plus the number of keywords to reserve space for, we then can define where the data unit should start (it must start at the beginning of a 2880-byte logical block). This routine will only have any effect if the starting location of the data unit following the header is not already defined. In any case, it is always possible to add more keywords to the header even if the data has already been written. It is just more efficient to reserve the space in advance. */ { LONGLONG delta; if (*status > 0 || morekeys < 1) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) { ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) { ffrdef(fptr, status); /* ffrdef defines the offset to datastart and the start of */ /* the next HDU based on the number of existing keywords. */ /* We need to increment both of these values based on */ /* the number of new keywords to be added. */ delta = (((fptr->Fptr)->headend + (morekeys * 80)) / 2880 + 1) * 2880 - (fptr->Fptr)->datastart; (fptr->Fptr)->datastart += delta; (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu + 1] += delta; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffwend(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* write the END card and following fill (space chars) in the current header */ { int ii, tstatus; LONGLONG endpos; long nspace; char blankkey[FLEN_CARD], endkey[FLEN_CARD], keyrec[FLEN_CARD] = ""; if (*status > 0) return(*status); endpos = (fptr->Fptr)->headend; /* we assume that the HDUposition == curhdu in all cases */ /* calc the data starting position if not currently defined */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) (fptr->Fptr)->datastart = ( endpos / 2880 + 1 ) * 2880; /* calculate the number of blank keyword slots in the header */ nspace = (long) (( (fptr->Fptr)->datastart - endpos ) / 80); /* construct a blank and END keyword (80 spaces ) */ strcpy(blankkey, " "); strcat(blankkey, " "); strcpy(endkey, "END "); strcat(endkey, " "); /* check if header is already correctly terminated with END and fill */ tstatus=0; ffmbyt(fptr, endpos, REPORT_EOF, &tstatus); /* move to header end */ for (ii=0; ii < nspace; ii++) { ffgbyt(fptr, 80, keyrec, &tstatus); /* get next keyword */ if (tstatus) break; if (strncmp(keyrec, blankkey, 80) && strncmp(keyrec, endkey, 80)) break; } if (ii == nspace && !tstatus) { /* check if the END keyword exists at the correct position */ endpos=maxvalue( endpos, ( (fptr->Fptr)->datastart - 2880 ) ); ffmbyt(fptr, endpos, REPORT_EOF, &tstatus); /* move to END position */ ffgbyt(fptr, 80, keyrec, &tstatus); /* read the END keyword */ if ( !strncmp(keyrec, endkey, 80) && !tstatus) { /* store this position, for later reference */ (fptr->Fptr)->ENDpos = endpos; return(*status); /* END card was already correct */ } } /* header was not correctly terminated, so write the END and blank fill */ endpos = (fptr->Fptr)->headend; ffmbyt(fptr, endpos, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* move to header end */ for (ii=0; ii < nspace; ii++) ffpbyt(fptr, 80, blankkey, status); /* write the blank keywords */ /* The END keyword must either be placed immediately after the last keyword that was written (as indicated by the headend value), or must be in the first 80 bytes of the 2880-byte FITS record immediately preceeding the data unit, whichever is further in the file. The latter will occur if space has been reserved for more header keywords which have not yet been written. */ endpos=maxvalue( endpos, ( (fptr->Fptr)->datastart - 2880 ) ); ffmbyt(fptr, endpos, REPORT_EOF, status); /* move to END position */ ffpbyt(fptr, 80, endkey, status); /* write the END keyword to header */ /* store this position, for later reference */ (fptr->Fptr)->ENDpos = endpos; if (*status > 0) ffpmsg("Error while writing END card (ffwend)."); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpdfl(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write the Data Unit Fill values if they are not already correct. The fill values are used to fill out the last 2880 byte block of the HDU. Fill the data unit with zeros or blanks depending on the type of HDU from the end of the data to the end of the current FITS 2880 byte block */ { char chfill, fill[2880]; LONGLONG fillstart; int nfill, tstatus, ii; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) return(*status); /* fill has already been correctly written */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->heapstart == 0) return(*status); /* null data unit, so there is no fill */ fillstart = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize; nfill = (long) ((fillstart + 2879) / 2880 * 2880 - fillstart); if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL) chfill = 32; /* ASCII tables are filled with spaces */ else chfill = 0; /* all other extensions are filled with zeros */ tstatus = 0; if (!nfill) /* no fill bytes; just check that entire table exists */ { fillstart--; nfill = 1; ffmbyt(fptr, fillstart, REPORT_EOF, &tstatus); /* move to last byte */ ffgbyt(fptr, nfill, fill, &tstatus); /* get the last byte */ if (tstatus == 0) return(*status); /* no EOF error, so everything is OK */ } else { ffmbyt(fptr, fillstart, REPORT_EOF, &tstatus); /* move to fill area */ ffgbyt(fptr, nfill, fill, &tstatus); /* get the fill bytes */ if (tstatus == 0) { for (ii = 0; ii < nfill; ii++) { if (fill[ii] != chfill) break; } if (ii == nfill) return(*status); /* all the fill values were correct */ } } /* fill values are incorrect or have not been written, so write them */ memset(fill, chfill, nfill); /* fill the buffer with the fill value */ ffmbyt(fptr, fillstart, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* move to fill area */ ffpbyt(fptr, nfill, fill, status); /* write the fill bytes */ if (*status > 0) ffpmsg("Error writing Data Unit fill bytes (ffpdfl)."); return(*status); } /********************************************************************** ffchfl : Check Header Fill values Check that the header unit is correctly filled with blanks from the END card to the end of the current FITS 2880-byte block Function parameters: fptr Fits file pointer status output error status Translated ftchfl into C by Peter Wilson, Oct. 1997 **********************************************************************/ int ffchfl( fitsfile *fptr, int *status) { int nblank,i,gotend; LONGLONG endpos; char rec[FLEN_CARD]; char *blanks=" "; /* 80 spaces */ if( *status > 0 ) return (*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* calculate the number of blank keyword slots in the header */ endpos=(fptr->Fptr)->headend; nblank=(long) (((fptr->Fptr)->datastart-endpos)/80); /* move the i/o pointer to the end of the header keywords */ ffmbyt(fptr,endpos,TRUE,status); /* find the END card (there may be blank keywords perceeding it) */ gotend=FALSE; for(i=0;i 0 ) { rec[FLEN_CARD - 1] = '\0'; /* make sure string is null terminated */ ffpmsg(rec); return( *status ); } } return( *status ); } /********************************************************************** ffcdfl : Check Data Unit Fill values Check that the data unit is correctly filled with zeros or blanks from the end of the data to the end of the current FITS 2880 byte block Function parameters: fptr Fits file pointer status output error status Translated ftcdfl into C by Peter Wilson, Oct. 1997 **********************************************************************/ int ffcdfl( fitsfile *fptr, int *status) { int nfill,i; LONGLONG filpos; char chfill,chbuff[2880]; if( *status > 0 ) return( *status ); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* check if the data unit is null */ if( (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart==0 ) return( *status ); /* calculate starting position of the fill bytes, if any */ filpos = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize; /* calculate the number of fill bytes */ nfill = (long) ((filpos + 2879) / 2880 * 2880 - filpos); if( nfill == 0 ) return( *status ); /* move to the beginning of the fill bytes */ ffmbyt(fptr, filpos, FALSE, status); if( ffgbyt(fptr, nfill, chbuff, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("Error reading data unit fill bytes (ffcdfl)."); return( *status ); } if( (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype==ASCII_TBL ) chfill = 32; /* ASCII tables are filled with spaces */ else chfill = 0; /* all other extensions are filled with zeros */ /* check for all zeros or blanks */ for(i=0;iFptr)->hdutype==ASCII_TBL ) ffpmsg("Warning: remaining bytes following ASCII table data are not filled with blanks."); else ffpmsg("Warning: remaining bytes following data are not filled with zeros."); return( *status ); } } return( *status ); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffcrhd(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* CReate Header Data unit: Create, initialize, and move the i/o pointer to a new extension appended to the end of the FITS file. */ { int tstatus = 0; LONGLONG bytepos, *ptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* If the current header is empty, we don't have to do anything */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->headend == (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu] ) return(*status); while (ffmrhd(fptr, 1, 0, &tstatus) == 0); /* move to end of file */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu == (fptr->Fptr)->MAXHDU) { /* allocate more space for the headstart array */ ptr = (LONGLONG*) realloc( (fptr->Fptr)->headstart, ((fptr->Fptr)->MAXHDU + 1001) * sizeof(LONGLONG) ); if (ptr == NULL) return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); else { (fptr->Fptr)->MAXHDU = (fptr->Fptr)->MAXHDU + 1000; (fptr->Fptr)->headstart = ptr; } } if (ffchdu(fptr, status) <= 0) /* close the current HDU */ { bytepos = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu + 1]; /* last */ ffmbyt(fptr, bytepos, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* move file ptr to it */ (fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu++; /* increment the known number of HDUs */ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu = (fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu; /* set current HDU loc */ fptr->HDUposition = (fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu; /* set current HDU loc */ (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey = bytepos; /* next keyword = start of header */ (fptr->Fptr)->headend = bytepos; /* end of header */ (fptr->Fptr)->datastart = DATA_UNDEFINED; /* start data unit undefined */ /* any other needed resets */ /* reset the dithering offset that may have been calculated for the */ /* previous HDU back to the requested default value */ (fptr->Fptr)->dither_seed = (fptr->Fptr)->request_dither_seed; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffdblk(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long nblocks, /* I - number of 2880-byte blocks to delete */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Delete the specified number of 2880-byte blocks from the end of the CHDU by shifting all following extensions up this number of blocks. */ { char buffer[2880]; int tstatus, ii; LONGLONG readpos, writepos; if (*status > 0 || nblocks <= 0) return(*status); tstatus = 0; /* pointers to the read and write positions */ readpos = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize; readpos = ((readpos + 2879) / 2880) * 2880; /* start of block */ /* the following formula is wrong because the current data unit may have been extended without updating the headstart value of the following HDU. readpos = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) + 1]; */ writepos = readpos - ((LONGLONG)nblocks * 2880); while ( !ffmbyt(fptr, readpos, REPORT_EOF, &tstatus) && !ffgbyt(fptr, 2880L, buffer, &tstatus) ) { ffmbyt(fptr, writepos, REPORT_EOF, status); ffpbyt(fptr, 2880L, buffer, status); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("Error deleting FITS blocks (ffdblk)"); return(*status); } readpos += 2880; /* increment to next block to transfer */ writepos += 2880; } /* now fill the last nblock blocks with zeros */ memset(buffer, 0, 2880); ffmbyt(fptr, writepos, REPORT_EOF, status); for (ii = 0; ii < nblocks; ii++) ffpbyt(fptr, 2880L, buffer, status); /* move back before the deleted blocks, since they may be deleted */ /* and we do not want to delete the current active buffer */ ffmbyt(fptr, writepos - 1, REPORT_EOF, status); /* truncate the file to the new size, if supported on this device */ fftrun(fptr, writepos, status); /* recalculate the starting location of all subsequent HDUs */ for (ii = (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu; ii <= (fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu; ii++) (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ii + 1] -= ((LONGLONG)nblocks * 2880); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffghdt(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *exttype, /* O - type of extension, 0, 1, or 2 */ /* for IMAGE_HDU, ASCII_TBL, or BINARY_TBL */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Return the type of the CHDU. This returns the 'logical' type of the HDU, not necessarily the physical type, so in the case of a compressed image stored in a binary table, this will return the type as an Image, not a binary table. */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (fptr->HDUposition == 0 && (fptr->Fptr)->headend == 0) { /* empty primary array is alway an IMAGE_HDU */ *exttype = IMAGE_HDU; } else { /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) { ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) { /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */ if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) return(*status); } *exttype = (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype; /* return the type of HDU */ /* check if this is a compressed image */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->compressimg) *exttype = IMAGE_HDU; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_is_reentrant(void) /* Was CFITSIO compiled with the -D_REENTRANT flag? 1 = yes, 0 = no. Note that specifying the -D_REENTRANT flag is required, but may not be sufficient, to ensure that CFITSIO can be safely used in a multi-threaded environoment. */ { #ifdef _REENTRANT return(1); #else return(0); #endif } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_is_compressed_image(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Returns TRUE if the CHDU is a compressed image, else returns zero. */ { if (*status > 0) return(0); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) { ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) { /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */ if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) return(*status); } /* check if this is a compressed image */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->compressimg) return(1); return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgipr(fitsfile *infptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int maxaxis, /* I - max number of axes to return */ int *bitpix, /* O - image data type */ int *naxis, /* O - image dimension (NAXIS value) */ long *naxes, /* O - size of image dimensions */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* get the datatype and size of the input image */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* don't return the parameter if a null pointer was given */ if (bitpix) fits_get_img_type(infptr, bitpix, status); /* get BITPIX value */ if (naxis) fits_get_img_dim(infptr, naxis, status); /* get NAXIS value */ if (naxes) fits_get_img_size(infptr, maxaxis, naxes, status); /* get NAXISn values */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgiprll(fitsfile *infptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int maxaxis, /* I - max number of axes to return */ int *bitpix, /* O - image data type */ int *naxis, /* O - image dimension (NAXIS value) */ LONGLONG *naxes, /* O - size of image dimensions */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* get the datatype and size of the input image */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* don't return the parameter if a null pointer was given */ if (bitpix) fits_get_img_type(infptr, bitpix, status); /* get BITPIX value */ if (naxis) fits_get_img_dim(infptr, naxis, status); /* get NAXIS value */ if (naxes) fits_get_img_sizell(infptr, maxaxis, naxes, status); /* get NAXISn values */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgidt( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *imgtype, /* O - image data type */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Get the datatype of the image (= BITPIX keyword for normal image, or ZBITPIX for a compressed image) */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); /* reset to beginning of header */ ffmaky(fptr, 1, status); /* simply move to beginning of header */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { ffgky(fptr, TINT, "BITPIX", imgtype, NULL, status); } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->compressimg) { /* this is a binary table containing a compressed image */ ffgky(fptr, TINT, "ZBITPIX", imgtype, NULL, status); } else { *status = NOT_IMAGE; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgiet( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *imgtype, /* O - image data type */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Get the effective datatype of the image (= BITPIX keyword for normal image, or ZBITPIX for a compressed image) */ { int tstatus; long lngscale, lngzero = 0; double bscale, bzero, min_val, max_val; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); /* reset to beginning of header */ ffmaky(fptr, 2, status); /* simply move to beginning of header */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { ffgky(fptr, TINT, "BITPIX", imgtype, NULL, status); } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->compressimg) { /* this is a binary table containing a compressed image */ ffgky(fptr, TINT, "ZBITPIX", imgtype, NULL, status); } else { *status = NOT_IMAGE; return(*status); } /* check if the BSCALE and BZERO keywords are defined, which might change the effective datatype of the image */ tstatus = 0; ffgky(fptr, TDOUBLE, "BSCALE", &bscale, NULL, &tstatus); if (tstatus) bscale = 1.0; tstatus = 0; ffgky(fptr, TDOUBLE, "BZERO", &bzero, NULL, &tstatus); if (tstatus) bzero = 0.0; if (bscale == 1.0 && bzero == 0.0) /* no scaling */ return(*status); switch (*imgtype) { case BYTE_IMG: /* 8-bit image */ min_val = 0.; max_val = 255.0; break; case SHORT_IMG: min_val = -32768.0; max_val = 32767.0; break; case LONG_IMG: min_val = -2147483648.0; max_val = 2147483647.0; break; default: /* don't have to deal with other data types */ return(*status); } if (bscale >= 0.) { min_val = bzero + bscale * min_val; max_val = bzero + bscale * max_val; } else { max_val = bzero + bscale * min_val; min_val = bzero + bscale * max_val; } if (bzero < 2147483648.) /* don't exceed range of 32-bit integer */ lngzero = (long) bzero; lngscale = (long) bscale; if ((bzero != 2147483648.) && /* special value that exceeds integer range */ (lngzero != bzero || lngscale != bscale)) { /* not integers? */ /* floating point scaled values; just decide on required precision */ if (*imgtype == BYTE_IMG || *imgtype == SHORT_IMG) *imgtype = FLOAT_IMG; else *imgtype = DOUBLE_IMG; /* In all the remaining cases, BSCALE and BZERO are integers, and not equal to 1 and 0, respectively. */ } else if ((min_val == -128.) && (max_val == 127.)) { *imgtype = SBYTE_IMG; } else if ((min_val >= -32768.0) && (max_val <= 32767.0)) { *imgtype = SHORT_IMG; } else if ((min_val >= 0.0) && (max_val <= 65535.0)) { *imgtype = USHORT_IMG; } else if ((min_val >= -2147483648.0) && (max_val <= 2147483647.0)) { *imgtype = LONG_IMG; } else if ((min_val >= 0.0) && (max_val < 4294967296.0)) { *imgtype = ULONG_IMG; } else { /* exceeds the range of a 32-bit integer */ *imgtype = DOUBLE_IMG; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgidm( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *naxis , /* O - image dimension (NAXIS value) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Get the dimension of the image (= NAXIS keyword for normal image, or ZNAXIS for a compressed image) These values are cached for faster access. */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { *naxis = (fptr->Fptr)->imgdim; } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->compressimg) { *naxis = (fptr->Fptr)->zndim; } else { *status = NOT_IMAGE; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgisz( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int nlen, /* I - number of axes to return */ long *naxes, /* O - size of image dimensions */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Get the size of the image dimensions (= NAXISn keywords for normal image, or ZNAXISn for a compressed image) These values are cached for faster access. */ { int ii, naxis; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { naxis = minvalue((fptr->Fptr)->imgdim, nlen); for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { naxes[ii] = (long) (fptr->Fptr)->imgnaxis[ii]; } } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->compressimg) { naxis = minvalue( (fptr->Fptr)->zndim, nlen); for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { naxes[ii] = (long) (fptr->Fptr)->znaxis[ii]; } } else { *status = NOT_IMAGE; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgiszll( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int nlen, /* I - number of axes to return */ LONGLONG *naxes, /* O - size of image dimensions */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Get the size of the image dimensions (= NAXISn keywords for normal image, or ZNAXISn for a compressed image) */ { int ii, naxis; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { naxis = minvalue((fptr->Fptr)->imgdim, nlen); for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { naxes[ii] = (fptr->Fptr)->imgnaxis[ii]; } } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->compressimg) { naxis = minvalue( (fptr->Fptr)->zndim, nlen); for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { naxes[ii] = (fptr->Fptr)->znaxis[ii]; } } else { *status = NOT_IMAGE; } return(*status); }/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffmahd(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int hdunum, /* I - number of the HDU to move to */ int *exttype, /* O - type of extension, 0, 1, or 2 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Move to Absolute Header Data unit. Move to the specified HDU and read the header to initialize the table structure. Note that extnum is one based, so the primary array is extnum = 1. */ { int moveto, tstatus; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; LONGLONG *ptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); else if (hdunum < 1 ) return(*status = BAD_HDU_NUM); else if (hdunum >= (fptr->Fptr)->MAXHDU ) { /* allocate more space for the headstart array */ ptr = (LONGLONG*) realloc( (fptr->Fptr)->headstart, (hdunum + 1001) * sizeof(LONGLONG) ); if (ptr == NULL) return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); else { (fptr->Fptr)->MAXHDU = hdunum + 1000; (fptr->Fptr)->headstart = ptr; } } /* set logical HDU position to the actual position, in case they differ */ fptr->HDUposition = (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu; while( ((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) + 1 != hdunum) /* at the correct HDU? */ { /* move directly to the extension if we know that it exists, otherwise move to the highest known extension. */ moveto = minvalue(hdunum - 1, ((fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu) + 1); /* test if HDU exists */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->headstart[moveto] < (fptr->Fptr)->logfilesize ) { if (ffchdu(fptr, status) <= 0) /* close out the current HDU */ { if (ffgext(fptr, moveto, exttype, status) > 0) { /* failed to get the requested extension */ tstatus = 0; ffrhdu(fptr, exttype, &tstatus); /* restore the CHDU */ } } } else *status = END_OF_FILE; if (*status > 0) { if (*status != END_OF_FILE) { /* don't clutter up the message stack in the common case of */ /* simply hitting the end of file (often an expected error) */ snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Failed to move to HDU number %d (ffmahd).", hdunum); ffpmsg(message); } return(*status); } } /* return the type of HDU; tile compressed images which are stored */ /* in a binary table will return exttype = IMAGE_HDU, not BINARY_TBL */ if (exttype != NULL) ffghdt(fptr, exttype, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffmrhd(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int hdumov, /* I - rel. no. of HDUs to move by (+ or -) */ int *exttype, /* O - type of extension, 0, 1, or 2 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Move a Relative number of Header Data units. Offset to the specified extension and read the header to initialize the HDU structure. */ { int extnum; if (*status > 0) return(*status); extnum = fptr->HDUposition + 1 + hdumov; /* the absolute HDU number */ ffmahd(fptr, extnum, exttype, status); /* move to the HDU */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffmnhd(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int exttype, /* I - desired extension type */ char *hduname, /* I - desired EXTNAME value for the HDU */ int hduver, /* I - desired EXTVERS value for the HDU */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Move to the next HDU with a given extension type (IMAGE_HDU, ASCII_TBL, BINARY_TBL, or ANY_HDU), extension name (EXTNAME or HDUNAME keyword), and EXTVERS keyword values. If hduvers = 0, then move to the first HDU with the given type and name regardless of EXTVERS value. If no matching HDU is found in the file, then the current open HDU will remain unchanged. */ { char extname[FLEN_VALUE]; int ii, hdutype, alttype, extnum, tstatus, match, exact; int slen, putback = 0, chopped = 0; long extver; if (*status > 0) return(*status); extnum = fptr->HDUposition + 1; /* save the current HDU number */ /* This is a kludge to deal with a special case where the user specified a hduname that ended with a # character, which CFITSIO previously interpreted as a flag to mean "don't copy any other HDUs in the file into the virtual file in memory. If the remaining hduname does not end with a # character (meaning that the user originally entered a hduname ending in 2 # characters) then there is the possibility that the # character should be treated literally, if the actual EXTNAME also ends with a #. Setting putback = 1 means that we need to test for this case later on. */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->only_one) { /* if true, name orignally ended with a # */ slen = strlen(hduname); if (hduname[slen - 1] != '#') /* This will fail if real EXTNAME value */ putback = 1; /* ends with 2 # characters. */ } for (ii=1; 1; ii++) /* loop over all HDUs until EOF */ { tstatus = 0; if (ffmahd(fptr, ii, &hdutype, &tstatus)) /* move to next HDU */ { ffmahd(fptr, extnum, 0, status); /* restore original file position */ return(*status = BAD_HDU_NUM); /* couldn't find desired HDU */ } alttype = -1; if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) alttype = BINARY_TBL; /* Does this HDU have a matching type? */ if (exttype == ANY_HDU || hdutype == exttype || hdutype == alttype) { ffmaky(fptr, 2, status); /* reset to the 2nd keyword in the header */ if (ffgkys(fptr, "EXTNAME", extname, 0, &tstatus) <= 0) /* get keyword */ { if (putback) { /* more of the kludge */ /* test if the EXTNAME value ends with a #; if so, chop it */ /* off before comparing the strings */ chopped = 0; slen = strlen(extname); if (extname[slen - 1] == '#') { extname[slen - 1] = '\0'; chopped = 1; } } /* see if the strings are an exact match */ ffcmps(hduname, extname, CASEINSEN, &match, &exact); } /* if EXTNAME keyword doesn't exist, or it does not match, then try HDUNAME */ if (tstatus || !exact) { tstatus = 0; if (ffgkys(fptr, "HDUNAME", extname, 0, &tstatus) <= 0) { if (putback) { /* more of the kludge */ chopped = 0; slen = strlen(extname); if (extname[slen - 1] == '#') { extname[slen - 1] = '\0'; /* chop off the # */ chopped = 1; } } /* see if the strings are an exact match */ ffcmps(hduname, extname, CASEINSEN, &match, &exact); } } if (!tstatus && exact) /* found a matching name */ { if (hduver) /* need to check if version numbers match? */ { if (ffgkyj(fptr, "EXTVER", &extver, 0, &tstatus) > 0) extver = 1; /* assume default EXTVER value */ if ( (int) extver == hduver) { if (chopped) { /* The # was literally part of the name, not a flag */ (fptr->Fptr)->only_one = 0; } return(*status); /* found matching name and vers */ } } else { if (chopped) { /* The # was literally part of the name, not a flag */ (fptr->Fptr)->only_one = 0; } return(*status); /* found matching name */ } } /* end of !tstatus && exact */ } /* end of matching HDU type */ } /* end of loop over HDUs */ } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffthdu(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *nhdu, /* O - number of HDUs in the file */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Return the number of HDUs that currently exist in the file. */ { int ii, extnum, tstatus; if (*status > 0) return(*status); extnum = fptr->HDUposition + 1; /* save the current HDU number */ *nhdu = extnum - 1; /* if the CHDU is empty or not completely defined, just return */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) return(*status); tstatus = 0; /* loop until EOF */ for (ii=extnum; ffmahd(fptr, ii, 0, &tstatus) <= 0; ii++) { *nhdu = ii; } ffmahd(fptr, extnum, 0, status); /* restore orig file position */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgext(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int hdunum, /* I - no. of HDU to move get (0 based) */ int *exttype, /* O - type of extension, 0, 1, or 2 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Get Extension. Move to the specified extension and initialize the HDU structure. */ { int xcurhdu, xmaxhdu; LONGLONG xheadend; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (ffmbyt(fptr, (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[hdunum], REPORT_EOF, status) <= 0) { /* temporarily save current values, in case of error */ xcurhdu = (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu; xmaxhdu = (fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu; xheadend = (fptr->Fptr)->headend; /* set new parameter values */ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu = hdunum; fptr->HDUposition = hdunum; (fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu = maxvalue((fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu, hdunum); (fptr->Fptr)->headend = (fptr->Fptr)->logfilesize; /* set max size */ if (ffrhdu(fptr, exttype, status) > 0) { /* failed to get the new HDU, so restore previous values */ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu = xcurhdu; fptr->HDUposition = xcurhdu; (fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu = xmaxhdu; (fptr->Fptr)->headend = xheadend; } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffiblk(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long nblock, /* I - no. of blocks to insert */ int headdata, /* I - insert where? 0=header, 1=data */ /* -1=beginning of file */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* insert 2880-byte blocks at the end of the current header or data unit */ { int tstatus, savehdu, typhdu; LONGLONG insertpt, jpoint; long ii, nshift; char charfill; char buff1[2880], buff2[2880]; char *inbuff, *outbuff, *tmpbuff; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0 || nblock <= 0) return(*status); tstatus = *status; if (headdata == 0 || (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL) charfill = 32; /* headers and ASCII tables have space (32) fill */ else charfill = 0; /* images and binary tables have zero fill */ if (headdata == 0) insertpt = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart; /* insert just before data, or */ else if (headdata == -1) { insertpt = 0; strcpy(card, "XTENSION= 'IMAGE ' / IMAGE extension"); } else /* at end of data, */ { insertpt = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize; insertpt = ((insertpt + 2879) / 2880) * 2880; /* start of block */ /* the following formula is wrong because the current data unit may have been extended without updating the headstart value of the following HDU. */ /* insertpt = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu + 1]; */ } inbuff = buff1; /* set pointers to input and output buffers */ outbuff = buff2; memset(outbuff, charfill, 2880); /* initialize buffer with fill */ if (nblock == 1) /* insert one block */ { if (headdata == -1) ffmrec(fptr, 1, card, status); /* change SIMPLE -> XTENSION */ ffmbyt(fptr, insertpt, REPORT_EOF, status); /* move to 1st point */ ffgbyt(fptr, 2880, inbuff, status); /* read first block of bytes */ while (*status <= 0) { ffmbyt(fptr, insertpt, REPORT_EOF, status); /* insert point */ ffpbyt(fptr, 2880, outbuff, status); /* write the output buffer */ if (*status > 0) return(*status); tmpbuff = inbuff; /* swap input and output pointers */ inbuff = outbuff; outbuff = tmpbuff; insertpt += 2880; /* increment insert point by 1 block */ ffmbyt(fptr, insertpt, REPORT_EOF, status); /* move to next block */ ffgbyt(fptr, 2880, inbuff, status); /* read block of bytes */ } *status = tstatus; /* reset status value */ ffmbyt(fptr, insertpt, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* move back to insert pt */ ffpbyt(fptr, 2880, outbuff, status); /* write the final block */ } else /* inserting more than 1 block */ { savehdu = (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu; /* save the current HDU number */ tstatus = *status; while(*status <= 0) /* find the last HDU in file */ ffmrhd(fptr, 1, &typhdu, status); if (*status == END_OF_FILE) { *status = tstatus; } ffmahd(fptr, savehdu + 1, &typhdu, status); /* move back to CHDU */ if (headdata == -1) ffmrec(fptr, 1, card, status); /* NOW change SIMPLE -> XTENSION */ /* number of 2880-byte blocks that have to be shifted down */ nshift = (long) (((fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu + 1] - insertpt) / 2880); /* position of last block in file to be shifted */ jpoint = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu + 1] - 2880; /* move all the blocks starting at end of file working backwards */ for (ii = 0; ii < nshift; ii++) { /* move to the read start position */ if (ffmbyt(fptr, jpoint, REPORT_EOF, status) > 0) return(*status); ffgbyt(fptr, 2880, inbuff,status); /* read one record */ /* move forward to the write postion */ ffmbyt(fptr, jpoint + ((LONGLONG) nblock * 2880), IGNORE_EOF, status); ffpbyt(fptr, 2880, inbuff, status); /* write the record */ jpoint -= 2880; } /* move back to the write start postion (might be EOF) */ ffmbyt(fptr, insertpt, IGNORE_EOF, status); for (ii = 0; ii < nblock; ii++) /* insert correct fill value */ ffpbyt(fptr, 2880, outbuff, status); } if (headdata == 0) /* update data start address */ (fptr->Fptr)->datastart += ((LONGLONG) nblock * 2880); /* update following HDU addresses */ for (ii = (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu; ii <= (fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu; ii++) (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ii + 1] += ((LONGLONG) nblock * 2880); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgkcl(char *tcard) /* Return the type classification of the input header record TYP_STRUC_KEY: SIMPLE, BITPIX, NAXIS, NAXISn, EXTEND, BLOCKED, GROUPS, PCOUNT, GCOUNT, END XTENSION, TFIELDS, TTYPEn, TBCOLn, TFORMn, THEAP, and the first 4 COMMENT keywords in the primary array that define the FITS format. TYP_CMPRS_KEY: The keywords used in the compressed image format ZIMAGE, ZCMPTYPE, ZNAMEn, ZVALn, ZTILEn, ZBITPIX, ZNAXISn, ZSCALE, ZZERO, ZBLANK, EXTNAME = 'COMPRESSED_IMAGE' ZSIMPLE, ZTENSION, ZEXTEND, ZBLOCKED, ZPCOUNT, ZGCOUNT ZQUANTIZ, ZDITHER0 TYP_SCAL_KEY: BSCALE, BZERO, TSCALn, TZEROn TYP_NULL_KEY: BLANK, TNULLn TYP_DIM_KEY: TDIMn TYP_RANG_KEY: TLMINn, TLMAXn, TDMINn, TDMAXn, DATAMIN, DATAMAX TYP_UNIT_KEY: BUNIT, TUNITn TYP_DISP_KEY: TDISPn TYP_HDUID_KEY: EXTNAME, EXTVER, EXTLEVEL, HDUNAME, HDUVER, HDULEVEL TYP_CKSUM_KEY CHECKSUM, DATASUM TYP_WCS_KEY: Primary array: WCAXES, CTYPEn, CUNITn, CRVALn, CRPIXn, CROTAn, CDELTn CDj_is, PVj_ms, LONPOLEs, LATPOLEs Pixel list: TCTYPn, TCTYns, TCUNIn, TCUNns, TCRVLn, TCRVns, TCRPXn, TCRPks, TCDn_k, TCn_ks, TPVn_m, TPn_ms, TCDLTn, TCROTn Bintable vector: jCTYPn, jCTYns, jCUNIn, jCUNns, jCRVLn, jCRVns, iCRPXn, iCRPns, jiCDn, jiCDns, jPVn_m, jPn_ms, jCDLTn, jCROTn TYP_REFSYS_KEY: EQUINOXs, EPOCH, MJD-OBSs, RADECSYS, RADESYSs TYP_COMM_KEY: COMMENT, HISTORY, (blank keyword) TYP_CONT_KEY: CONTINUE TYP_USER_KEY: all other keywords */ { char card[20], *card1, *card5; card[0] = '\0'; strncat(card, tcard, 8); /* copy the keyword name */ strcat(card, " "); /* append blanks to make at least 8 chars long */ ffupch(card); /* make sure it is in upper case */ card1 = card + 1; /* pointer to 2nd character */ card5 = card + 5; /* pointer to 6th character */ /* the strncmp function is slow, so try to be more efficient */ if (*card == 'Z') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "IMAGE ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CMPTYPE", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "NAME", 4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "VAL", 3) == 0) { if (*(card + 4) >= '0' && *(card + 4) <= '9') return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "TILE", 4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "BITPIX ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "NAXIS", 5) == 0) { if ( ( *(card + 6) >= '0' && *(card + 6) <= '9' ) || (*(card + 6) == ' ') ) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "SCALE ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ZERO ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "BLANK ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "SIMPLE ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "TENSION", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "EXTEND ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "BLOCKED", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "PCOUNT ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "GCOUNT ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "QUANTIZ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "DITHER0", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); } else if (*card == ' ') { return (TYP_COMM_KEY); } else if (*card == 'B') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ITPIX ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "LOCKED ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "LANK ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_NULL_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "SCALE ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_SCAL_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ZERO ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_SCAL_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "UNIT ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_UNIT_KEY); } else if (*card == 'C') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "OMMENT",6) == 0) { /* new comment string starting Oct 2001 */ if (FSTRNCMP (tcard, "COMMENT and Astrophysics', volume 376, page 3", 47) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); /* original COMMENT strings from 1993 - 2001 */ if (FSTRNCMP (tcard, "COMMENT FITS (Flexible Image Transport System", 47) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (tcard, "COMMENT Astrophysics Supplement Series v44/p3", 47) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (tcard, "COMMENT Contact the NASA Science Office of St", 47) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (tcard, "COMMENT FITS Definition document #100 and oth", 47) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); if (*(card + 7) == ' ') return (TYP_COMM_KEY); else return (TYP_USER_KEY); } if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "HECKSUM", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CKSUM_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ONTINUE", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CONT_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "TYPE",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "UNIT",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "RVAL",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "RPIX",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ROTA",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "RDER",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "SYER",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "DELT",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (*card1 == 'D') { if (*(card + 2) >= '0' && *(card + 2) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } } else if (*card == 'D') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ATASUM ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_CKSUM_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ATAMIN ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_RANG_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ATAMAX ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_RANG_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ATE-OBS", 7) == 0) return (TYP_REFSYS_KEY); } else if (*card == 'E') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "XTEND ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ND ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "XTNAME ", 7) == 0) { /* check for special compressed image value */ if (FSTRNCMP(tcard, "EXTNAME = 'COMPRESSED_IMAGE'", 28) == 0) return (TYP_CMPRS_KEY); else return (TYP_HDUID_KEY); } if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "XTVER ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_HDUID_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "XTLEVEL", 7) == 0) return (TYP_HDUID_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "QUINOX", 6) == 0) return (TYP_REFSYS_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "QUI",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_REFSYS_KEY); } if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "POCH ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_REFSYS_KEY); } else if (*card == 'G') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "COUNT ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ROUPS ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); } else if (*card == 'H') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "DUNAME ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_HDUID_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "DUVER ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_HDUID_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "DULEVEL", 7) == 0) return (TYP_HDUID_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ISTORY",6) == 0) { if (*(card + 7) == ' ') return (TYP_COMM_KEY); else return (TYP_USER_KEY); } } else if (*card == 'L') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ONPOLE",6) == 0) return (TYP_WCS_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ATPOLE",6) == 0) return (TYP_WCS_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ONP",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ATP",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } } else if (*card == 'M') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "JD-OBS ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_REFSYS_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "JDOB",4) == 0) { if (*(card+5) >= '0' && *(card+5) <= '9') return (TYP_REFSYS_KEY); } } else if (*card == 'N') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "AXIS", 4) == 0) { if ((*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') || (*card5 == ' ')) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); } } else if (*card == 'P') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "COUNT ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); if (*card1 == 'C') { if (*(card + 2) >= '0' && *(card + 2) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (*card1 == 'V') { if (*(card + 2) >= '0' && *(card + 2) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (*card1 == 'S') { if (*(card + 2) >= '0' && *(card + 2) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } } else if (*card == 'R') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ADECSYS", 7) == 0) return (TYP_REFSYS_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ADESYS", 6) == 0) return (TYP_REFSYS_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ADE",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_REFSYS_KEY); } } else if (*card == 'S') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "IMPLE ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); } else if (*card == 'T') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "TYPE", 4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "FORM", 4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "BCOL", 4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "FIELDS ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "HEAP ", 7) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "NULL", 4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_NULL_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "DIM", 3) == 0) { if (*(card + 4) >= '0' && *(card + 4) <= '9') return (TYP_DIM_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "UNIT", 4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_UNIT_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "DISP", 4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_DISP_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "SCAL", 4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_SCAL_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "ZERO", 4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_SCAL_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "LMIN", 4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_RANG_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "LMAX", 4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_RANG_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "DMIN", 4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_RANG_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "DMAX", 4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_RANG_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CTYP",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CTY",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CUNI",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CUN",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CRVL",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CRV",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CRPX",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CRP",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CROT",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CDLT",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CDE",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CRD",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CSY",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "WCS",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "C",1) == 0) { if (*(card + 2) >= '0' && *(card + 2) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "P",1) == 0) { if (*(card + 2) >= '0' && *(card + 2) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "V",1) == 0) { if (*(card + 2) >= '0' && *(card + 2) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "S",1) == 0) { if (*(card + 2) >= '0' && *(card + 2) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } } else if (*card == 'X') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "TENSION", 7) == 0) return (TYP_STRUC_KEY); } else if (*card == 'W') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CSAXES", 6) == 0) return (TYP_WCS_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CSNAME", 6) == 0) return (TYP_WCS_KEY); if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CAX", 3) == 0) { if (*(card + 4) >= '0' && *(card + 4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CSN", 3) == 0) { if (*(card + 4) >= '0' && *(card + 4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } } else if (*card >= '0' && *card <= '9') { if (*card1 == 'C') { if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CTYP",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CTY",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CUNI",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CUN",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CRVL",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CRV",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CRPX",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CRP",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CROT",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CDLT",4) == 0) { if (*card5 >= '0' && *card5 <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CDE",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CRD",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "CSY",3) == 0) { if (*(card+4) >= '0' && *(card+4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "V",1) == 0) { if (*(card + 2) >= '0' && *(card + 2) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (FSTRNCMP (card1, "S",1) == 0) { if (*(card + 2) >= '0' && *(card + 2) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); } else if (*card1 >= '0' && *card1 <= '9') { /* 2 digits at beginning of keyword */ if ( (*(card + 2) == 'P') && (*(card + 3) == 'C') ) { if (*(card + 4) >= '0' && *(card + 4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); /* ijPCn keyword */ } else if ( (*(card + 2) == 'C') && (*(card + 3) == 'D') ) { if (*(card + 4) >= '0' && *(card + 4) <= '9') return (TYP_WCS_KEY); /* ijCDn keyword */ } } } return (TYP_USER_KEY); /* by default all others are user keywords */ } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffdtyp(const char *cval, /* I - formatted string representation of the value */ char *dtype, /* O - datatype code: C, L, F, I, or X */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* determine implicit datatype of input string. This assumes that the string conforms to the FITS standard for keyword values, so may not detect all invalid formats. */ { if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (cval[0] == '\0') return(*status = VALUE_UNDEFINED); else if (cval[0] == '\'') *dtype = 'C'; /* character string starts with a quote */ else if (cval[0] == 'T' || cval[0] == 'F') *dtype = 'L'; /* logical = T or F character */ else if (cval[0] == '(') *dtype = 'X'; /* complex datatype "(1.2, -3.4)" */ else if (strchr(cval,'.')) *dtype = 'F'; /* float usualy contains a decimal point */ else if (strchr(cval,'E') || strchr(cval,'D') ) *dtype = 'F'; /* exponential contains a E or D */ else *dtype = 'I'; /* if none of the above assume it is integer */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffinttyp(char *cval, /* I - formatted string representation of the integer */ int *dtype, /* O - datatype code: TBYTE, TSHORT, TUSHORT, etc */ int *negative, /* O - is cval negative? */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* determine implicit datatype of input integer string. This assumes that the string conforms to the FITS standard for integer keyword value, so may not detect all invalid formats. */ { int ii, len; char *p; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); *dtype = 0; /* initialize to NULL */ *negative = 0; p = cval; if (*p == '+') { p++; /* ignore leading + sign */ } else if (*p == '-') { p++; *negative = 1; /* this is a negative number */ } if (*p == '0') { while (*p == '0') p++; /* skip leading zeros */ if (*p == 0) { /* the value is a string of 1 or more zeros */ *dtype = TSBYTE; return(*status); } } len = strlen(p); for (ii = 0; ii < len; ii++) { if (!isdigit(*(p+ii))) { *status = BAD_INTKEY; return(*status); } } /* check for unambiguous cases, based on length of the string */ if (len == 0) { *status = VALUE_UNDEFINED; } else if (len < 3) { *dtype = TSBYTE; } else if (len == 4) { *dtype = TSHORT; } else if (len > 5 && len < 10) { *dtype = TINT; } else if (len > 10 && len < 19) { *dtype = TLONGLONG; } else if (len > 20) { *status = BAD_INTKEY; } else { if (!(*negative)) { /* positive integers */ if (len == 3) { if (strcmp(p,"127") <= 0 ) { *dtype = TSBYTE; } else if (strcmp(p,"255") <= 0 ) { *dtype = TBYTE; } else { *dtype = TSHORT; } } else if (len == 5) { if (strcmp(p,"32767") <= 0 ) { *dtype = TSHORT; } else if (strcmp(p,"65535") <= 0 ) { *dtype = TUSHORT; } else { *dtype = TINT; } } else if (len == 10) { if (strcmp(p,"2147483647") <= 0 ) { *dtype = TINT; } else if (strcmp(p,"4294967295") <= 0 ) { *dtype = TUINT; } else { *dtype = TLONGLONG; } } else if (len == 19) { if (strcmp(p,"9223372036854775807") <= 0 ) { *dtype = TLONGLONG; } else { *dtype = TULONGLONG; } } else if (len == 20) { if (strcmp(p,"18446744073709551615") <= 0 ) { *dtype = TULONGLONG; } else { *status = BAD_INTKEY; } } } else { /* negative integers */ if (len == 3) { if (strcmp(p,"128") <= 0 ) { *dtype = TSBYTE; } else { *dtype = TSHORT; } } else if (len == 5) { if (strcmp(p,"32768") <= 0 ) { *dtype = TSHORT; } else { *dtype = TINT; } } else if (len == 10) { if (strcmp(p,"2147483648") <= 0 ) { *dtype = TINT; } else { *dtype = TLONGLONG; } } else if (len == 19) { if (strcmp(p,"9223372036854775808") <= 0 ) { *dtype = TLONGLONG; } else { *status = BAD_INTKEY; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2x(const char *cval, /* I - formatted string representation of the value */ char *dtype, /* O - datatype code: C, L, F, I or X */ /* Only one of the following will be defined, depending on datatype */ long *ival, /* O - integer value */ int *lval, /* O - logical value */ char *sval, /* O - string value */ double *dval, /* O - double value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* high level routine to convert formatted character string to its intrinsic data type */ { ffdtyp(cval, dtype, status); /* determine the datatype */ if (*dtype == 'I') ffc2ii(cval, ival, status); else if (*dtype == 'F') ffc2dd(cval, dval, status); else if (*dtype == 'L') ffc2ll(cval, lval, status); else ffc2s(cval, sval, status); /* C and X formats */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2xx(const char *cval, /* I - formatted string representation of the value */ char *dtype, /* O - datatype code: C, L, F, I or X */ /* Only one of the following will be defined, depending on datatype */ LONGLONG *ival, /* O - integer value */ int *lval, /* O - logical value */ char *sval, /* O - string value */ double *dval, /* O - double value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* high level routine to convert formatted character string to its intrinsic data type */ { ffdtyp(cval, dtype, status); /* determine the datatype */ if (*dtype == 'I') ffc2jj(cval, ival, status); else if (*dtype == 'F') ffc2dd(cval, dval, status); else if (*dtype == 'L') ffc2ll(cval, lval, status); else ffc2s(cval, sval, status); /* C and X formats */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2uxx(const char *cval, /* I - formatted string representation of the value */ char *dtype, /* O - datatype code: C, L, F, I or X */ /* Only one of the following will be defined, depending on datatype */ ULONGLONG *ival, /* O - integer value */ int *lval, /* O - logical value */ char *sval, /* O - string value */ double *dval, /* O - double value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* high level routine to convert formatted character string to its intrinsic data type */ { ffdtyp(cval, dtype, status); /* determine the datatype */ if (*dtype == 'I') ffc2ujj(cval, ival, status); else if (*dtype == 'F') ffc2dd(cval, dval, status); else if (*dtype == 'L') ffc2ll(cval, lval, status); else ffc2s(cval, sval, status); /* C and X formats */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2i(const char *cval, /* I - string representation of the value */ long *ival, /* O - numerical value of the input string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert formatted string to an integer value, doing implicit datatype conversion if necessary. */ { char dtype, sval[81], msg[81]; int lval; double dval; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (cval[0] == '\0') return(*status = VALUE_UNDEFINED); /* null value string */ /* convert the keyword to its native datatype */ ffc2x(cval, &dtype, ival, &lval, sval, &dval, status); if (dtype == 'X' ) { *status = BAD_INTKEY; } else if (dtype == 'C') { /* try reading the string as a number */ if (ffc2dd(sval, &dval, status) <= 0) { if (dval > (double) LONG_MAX || dval < (double) LONG_MIN) *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; else *ival = (long) dval; } } else if (dtype == 'F') { if (dval > (double) LONG_MAX || dval < (double) LONG_MIN) *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; else *ival = (long) dval; } else if (dtype == 'L') { *ival = (long) lval; } if (*status > 0) { *ival = 0; strcpy(msg,"Error in ffc2i evaluating string as an integer: "); strncat(msg,cval,30); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2j(const char *cval, /* I - string representation of the value */ LONGLONG *ival, /* O - numerical value of the input string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert formatted string to a LONGLONG integer value, doing implicit datatype conversion if necessary. */ { char dtype, sval[81], msg[81]; int lval; double dval; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (cval[0] == '\0') return(*status = VALUE_UNDEFINED); /* null value string */ /* convert the keyword to its native datatype */ ffc2xx(cval, &dtype, ival, &lval, sval, &dval, status); if (dtype == 'X' ) { *status = BAD_INTKEY; } else if (dtype == 'C') { /* try reading the string as a number */ if (ffc2dd(sval, &dval, status) <= 0) { if (dval > (double) LONGLONG_MAX || dval < (double) LONGLONG_MIN) *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; else *ival = (LONGLONG) dval; } } else if (dtype == 'F') { if (dval > (double) LONGLONG_MAX || dval < (double) LONGLONG_MIN) *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; else *ival = (LONGLONG) dval; } else if (dtype == 'L') { *ival = (LONGLONG) lval; } if (*status > 0) { *ival = 0; strcpy(msg,"Error in ffc2j evaluating string as a long integer: "); strncat(msg,cval,30); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2uj(const char *cval, /* I - string representation of the value */ ULONGLONG *ival, /* O - numerical value of the input string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert formatted string to a ULONGLONG integer value, doing implicit datatype conversion if necessary. */ { char dtype, sval[81], msg[81]; int lval; double dval; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (cval[0] == '\0') return(*status = VALUE_UNDEFINED); /* null value string */ /* convert the keyword to its native datatype */ ffc2uxx(cval, &dtype, ival, &lval, sval, &dval, status); if (dtype == 'X' ) { *status = BAD_INTKEY; } else if (dtype == 'C') { /* try reading the string as a number */ if (ffc2dd(sval, &dval, status) <= 0) { if (dval > (double) DULONGLONG_MAX || dval < -0.49) *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; else *ival = (ULONGLONG) dval; } } else if (dtype == 'F') { if (dval > (double) DULONGLONG_MAX || dval < -0.49) *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; else *ival = (ULONGLONG) dval; } else if (dtype == 'L') { *ival = (ULONGLONG) lval; } if (*status > 0) { *ival = 0; strcpy(msg,"Error in ffc2j evaluating string as a long integer: "); strncat(msg,cval,30); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2l(const char *cval, /* I - string representation of the value */ int *lval, /* O - numerical value of the input string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert formatted string to a logical value, doing implicit datatype conversion if necessary */ { char dtype, sval[81], msg[81]; long ival; double dval; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (cval[0] == '\0') return(*status = VALUE_UNDEFINED); /* null value string */ /* convert the keyword to its native datatype */ ffc2x(cval, &dtype, &ival, lval, sval, &dval, status); if (dtype == 'C' || dtype == 'X' ) *status = BAD_LOGICALKEY; if (*status > 0) { *lval = 0; strcpy(msg,"Error in ffc2l evaluating string as a logical: "); strncat(msg,cval,30); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status); } if (dtype == 'I') { if (ival) *lval = 1; else *lval = 0; } else if (dtype == 'F') { if (dval) *lval = 1; else *lval = 0; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2r(const char *cval, /* I - string representation of the value */ float *fval, /* O - numerical value of the input string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert formatted string to a real float value, doing implicit datatype conversion if necessary */ { char dtype, sval[81], msg[81]; int lval; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (cval[0] == '\0') return(*status = VALUE_UNDEFINED); /* null value string */ ffdtyp(cval, &dtype, status); /* determine the datatype */ if (dtype == 'I' || dtype == 'F') ffc2rr(cval, fval, status); else if (dtype == 'L') { ffc2ll(cval, &lval, status); *fval = (float) lval; } else if (dtype == 'C') { /* try reading the string as a number */ ffc2s(cval, sval, status); ffc2rr(sval, fval, status); } else *status = BAD_FLOATKEY; if (*status > 0) { *fval = 0.; strcpy(msg,"Error in ffc2r evaluating string as a float: "); strncat(msg,cval,30); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2d(const char *cval, /* I - string representation of the value */ double *dval, /* O - numerical value of the input string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert formatted string to a double value, doing implicit datatype conversion if necessary */ { char dtype, sval[81], msg[81]; int lval; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (cval[0] == '\0') return(*status = VALUE_UNDEFINED); /* null value string */ ffdtyp(cval, &dtype, status); /* determine the datatype */ if (dtype == 'I' || dtype == 'F') ffc2dd(cval, dval, status); else if (dtype == 'L') { ffc2ll(cval, &lval, status); *dval = (double) lval; } else if (dtype == 'C') { /* try reading the string as a number */ ffc2s(cval, sval, status); ffc2dd(sval, dval, status); } else *status = BAD_DOUBLEKEY; if (*status > 0) { *dval = 0.; strcpy(msg,"Error in ffc2d evaluating string as a double: "); strncat(msg,cval,30); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2ii(const char *cval, /* I - string representation of the value */ long *ival, /* O - numerical value of the input string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert null-terminated formatted string to an integer value */ { char *loc, msg[81]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); errno = 0; *ival = 0; *ival = strtol(cval, &loc, 10); /* read the string as an integer */ /* check for read error, or junk following the integer */ if (*loc != '\0' && *loc != ' ' ) *status = BAD_C2I; if (errno == ERANGE) { strcpy(msg,"Range Error in ffc2ii converting string to long int: "); strncat(msg,cval,25); ffpmsg(msg); *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; errno = 0; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2jj(const char *cval, /* I - string representation of the value */ LONGLONG *ival, /* O - numerical value of the input string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert null-terminated formatted string to an long long integer value */ { char *loc, msg[81]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); errno = 0; *ival = 0; #if defined(_MSC_VER) /* Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 does not have the strtoll function */ *ival = _atoi64(cval); loc = (char *) cval; while (*loc == ' ') loc++; /* skip spaces */ if (*loc == '-') loc++; /* skip minus sign */ if (*loc == '+') loc++; /* skip plus sign */ while (isdigit(*loc)) loc++; /* skip digits */ #elif (USE_LL_SUFFIX == 1) *ival = strtoll(cval, &loc, 10); /* read the string as an integer */ #else *ival = strtol(cval, &loc, 10); /* read the string as an integer */ #endif /* check for read error, or junk following the integer */ if (*loc != '\0' && *loc != ' ' ) *status = BAD_C2I; if (errno == ERANGE) { strcpy(msg,"Range Error in ffc2jj converting string to longlong int: "); strncat(msg,cval,23); ffpmsg(msg); *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; errno = 0; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2ujj(const char *cval, /* I - string representation of the value */ ULONGLONG *ival, /* O - numerical value of the input string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert null-terminated formatted string to an unsigned long long integer value */ { char *loc, msg[81]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); errno = 0; *ival = 0; #if defined(_MSC_VER) /* Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 does not have the strtoll function */ /* !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! */ /* !!!!! This needs to be modified to use the unsigned long long version of _atoi64 */ /* !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! */ *ival = _atoi64(cval); loc = (char *) cval; while (*loc == ' ') loc++; /* skip spaces */ if (*loc == '-') loc++; /* skip minus sign */ if (*loc == '+') loc++; /* skip plus sign */ while (isdigit(*loc)) loc++; /* skip digits */ #elif (USE_LL_SUFFIX == 1) *ival = strtoull(cval, &loc, 10); /* read the string as an integer */ #else *ival = strtoul(cval, &loc, 10); /* read the string as an integer */ #endif /* check for read error, or junk following the integer */ if (*loc != '\0' && *loc != ' ' ) *status = BAD_C2I; if (errno == ERANGE) { strcpy(msg,"Range Error in ffc2ujj converting string to unsigned longlong int: "); strncat(msg,cval,25); ffpmsg(msg); *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; errno = 0; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2ll(const char *cval, /* I - string representation of the value: T or F */ int *lval, /* O - numerical value of the input string: 1 or 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert null-terminated formatted string to a logical value */ { if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (cval[0] == 'T') *lval = 1; else *lval = 0; /* any character besides T is considered false */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2s(const char *instr, /* I - null terminated quoted input string */ char *outstr, /* O - null terminated output string without quotes */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert an input quoted string to an unquoted string by removing the leading and trailing quote character. Also, replace any pairs of single quote characters with just a single quote character (FITS used a pair of single quotes to represent a literal quote character within the string). */ { int jj; size_t len, ii; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (instr[0] != '\'') { if (instr[0] == '\0') { outstr[0] = '\0'; return(*status = VALUE_UNDEFINED); /* null value string */ } else { strcpy(outstr, instr); /* no leading quote, so return input string */ return(*status); } } len = strlen(instr); for (ii=1, jj=0; ii < len; ii++, jj++) { if (instr[ii] == '\'') /* is this the closing quote? */ { if (instr[ii+1] == '\'') /* 2 successive quotes? */ ii++; /* copy only one of the quotes */ else break; /* found the closing quote, so exit this loop */ } outstr[jj] = instr[ii]; /* copy the next character to the output */ } outstr[jj] = '\0'; /* terminate the output string */ if (ii == len) { ffpmsg("This string value has no closing quote (ffc2s):"); ffpmsg(instr); return(*status = 205); } for (jj--; jj >= 0; jj--) /* replace trailing blanks with nulls */ { if (outstr[jj] == ' ') outstr[jj] = 0; else break; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2rr(const char *cval, /* I - string representation of the value */ float *fval, /* O - numerical value of the input string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert null-terminated formatted string to a float value */ { char *loc, msg[81], tval[73]; struct lconv *lcc = 0; static char decimalpt = 0; short *sptr, iret; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (!decimalpt) { /* only do this once for efficiency */ lcc = localeconv(); /* set structure containing local decimal point symbol */ decimalpt = *(lcc->decimal_point); } errno = 0; *fval = 0.; if (strchr(cval, 'D') || decimalpt == ',') { /* strtod expects a comma, not a period, as the decimal point */ if (strlen(cval) > 72) { strcpy(msg,"Error: Invalid string to float in ffc2rr"); ffpmsg(msg); return (*status=BAD_C2F); } strcpy(tval, cval); /* The C language does not support a 'D'; replace with 'E' */ if ((loc = strchr(tval, 'D'))) *loc = 'E'; if (decimalpt == ',') { /* strtod expects a comma, not a period, as the decimal point */ if ((loc = strchr(tval, '.'))) *loc = ','; } *fval = (float) strtod(tval, &loc); /* read the string as an float */ } else { *fval = (float) strtod(cval, &loc); } /* check for read error, or junk following the value */ if (*loc != '\0' && *loc != ' ' ) { strcpy(msg,"Error in ffc2rr converting string to float: "); strncat(msg,cval,30); ffpmsg(msg); *status = BAD_C2F; } sptr = (short *) fval; #if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS sptr++; /* point to MSBs */ #endif iret = fnan(*sptr); /* if iret == 1, then the float value is a NaN */ if (errno == ERANGE || (iret == 1) ) { strcpy(msg,"Error in ffc2rr converting string to float: "); strncat(msg,cval,30); ffpmsg(msg); *fval = 0.; *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; errno = 0; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffc2dd(const char *cval, /* I - string representation of the value */ double *dval, /* O - numerical value of the input string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert null-terminated formatted string to a double value */ { char *loc, msg[81], tval[73]; struct lconv *lcc = 0; static char decimalpt = 0; short *sptr, iret; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (!decimalpt) { /* only do this once for efficiency */ lcc = localeconv(); /* set structure containing local decimal point symbol */ decimalpt = *(lcc->decimal_point); } errno = 0; *dval = 0.; if (strchr(cval, 'D') || decimalpt == ',') { /* need to modify a temporary copy of the string before parsing it */ if (strlen(cval) > 72) { strcpy(msg,"Error: Invalid string to double in ffc2dd"); ffpmsg(msg); return (*status=BAD_C2D); } strcpy(tval, cval); /* The C language does not support a 'D'; replace with 'E' */ if ((loc = strchr(tval, 'D'))) *loc = 'E'; if (decimalpt == ',') { /* strtod expects a comma, not a period, as the decimal point */ if ((loc = strchr(tval, '.'))) *loc = ','; } *dval = strtod(tval, &loc); /* read the string as an double */ } else { *dval = strtod(cval, &loc); } /* check for read error, or junk following the value */ if (*loc != '\0' && *loc != ' ' ) { strcpy(msg,"Error in ffc2dd converting string to double: "); strncat(msg,cval,30); ffpmsg(msg); *status = BAD_C2D; } sptr = (short *) dval; #if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS sptr += 3; /* point to MSBs */ #endif iret = dnan(*sptr); /* if iret == 1, then the double value is a NaN */ if (errno == ERANGE || (iret == 1) ) { strcpy(msg,"Error in ffc2dd converting string to double: "); strncat(msg,cval,30); ffpmsg(msg); *dval = 0.; *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; errno = 0; } return(*status); } /* ================================================================== */ /* A hack for nonunix machines, which lack strcasecmp and strncasecmp */ /* ================================================================== */ int fits_strcasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2) { char c1, c2; for (;;) { c1 = toupper( *s1 ); c2 = toupper( *s2 ); if (c1 < c2) return(-1); if (c1 > c2) return(1); if (c1 == 0) return(0); s1++; s2++; } } int fits_strncasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n) { char c1, c2; for (; n-- ;) { c1 = toupper( *s1 ); c2 = toupper( *s2 ); if (c1 < c2) return(-1); if (c1 > c2) return(1); if (c1 == 0) return(0); s1++; s2++; } return(0); } /* * fits_recalloc - an allocator/reallocator in the style of calloc and realloc * * Allocates or reallocates storage upon request. Newly allocated * storage is zeroed in the style of calloc. * * Cases handled are: * ptr == 0 or old_num == 0 - use calloc to allocate new storage * new_num = 0 - frees any storage if ptr is non-NULL * new_num < old_num - uses realloc() to reduce storage allocated * new_num > old_num - uses realloc() and sets newly allocated * storage to zero (old portion left unchanged) * * void *ptr - "old" pointer, or NULL to allocate new storage * size_t old_num - old number of records allocated * size_t new_num - new number of records allocated * size_t size - size of record in bytes * * RETURNS: newly allocated storage * * */ void *fits_recalloc(void *ptr, size_t old_num, size_t new_num, size_t size) { void *newptr; if (ptr == 0 || old_num == 0) { /* Starting from nothing */ return calloc(new_num, size); } else if (new_num == old_num) { /* Same size, do nothing */ return ptr; } else if (new_num == 0) { /* Freeing */ if (ptr) free(ptr); return 0; } else if (new_num < old_num) { /* Shrinking */ newptr = realloc(ptr, new_num*size); if (!newptr) free(ptr); return (newptr); } /* Growing */ newptr = realloc(ptr, new_num*size); if (!newptr) { free(ptr); return newptr; } /* Zero the new portion of the array */ memset( (char *) newptr + old_num*size/sizeof(char), 0, (new_num - old_num)*size ); return (newptr); } cfitsio-4.3.1/iter_b.c0000644000225700000360000000716613472024437014075 0ustar cagordonlhea#include #include #include #include "fitsio.h" /* This program illustrates how to use the CFITSIO iterator function. It simply prints out the values in a character string and a logical type column in a table, and toggles the value in the logical column so that T -> F and F -> T. */ main() { extern str_iter(); /* external work function is passed to the iterator */ fitsfile *fptr; iteratorCol cols[2]; int n_cols; long rows_per_loop, offset; int status = 0; char filename[] = "iter_b.fit"; /* name of rate FITS file */ /* open the file and move to the correct extension */ fits_open_file(&fptr, filename, READWRITE, &status); fits_movnam_hdu(fptr, BINARY_TBL, "iter_test", 0, &status); /* define input column structure members for the iterator function */ n_cols = 2; /* number of columns */ /* define input column structure members for the iterator function */ fits_iter_set_by_name(&cols[0], fptr, "Avalue", TSTRING, InputOutputCol); fits_iter_set_by_name(&cols[1], fptr, "Lvalue", TLOGICAL, InputOutputCol); rows_per_loop = 0; /* use default optimum number of rows */ offset = 0; /* process all the rows */ /* apply the function to each row of the table */ printf("Calling iterator function...%d\n", status); fits_iterate_data(n_cols, cols, offset, rows_per_loop, str_iter, 0L, &status); fits_close_file(fptr, &status); /* all done */ if (status) fits_report_error(stderr, status); /* print out error messages */ return(status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int str_iter(long totalrows, long offset, long firstrow, long nrows, int ncols, iteratorCol *cols, void *user_strct ) /* Sample iterator function. */ { int ii; /* declare variables static to preserve their values between calls */ static char **stringvals; static char *logicalvals; /*--------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Initialization procedures: execute on the first call */ /*--------------------------------------------------------*/ if (firstrow == 1) { if (ncols != 2) return(-1); /* number of columns incorrect */ if (fits_iter_get_datatype(&cols[0]) != TSTRING || fits_iter_get_datatype(&cols[1]) != TLOGICAL ) return(-2); /* bad data type */ /* assign the input pointers to the appropriate arrays */ stringvals = (char **) fits_iter_get_array(&cols[0]); logicalvals = (char *) fits_iter_get_array(&cols[1]); printf("Total rows, No. rows = %d %d\n",totalrows, nrows); } /*------------------------------------------*/ /* Main loop: process all the rows of data */ /*------------------------------------------*/ /* NOTE: 1st element of array is the null pixel value! */ /* Loop from 1 to nrows, not 0 to nrows - 1. */ for (ii = 1; ii <= nrows; ii++) { printf("%s %d\n", stringvals[ii], logicalvals[ii]); if (logicalvals[ii]) { logicalvals[ii] = FALSE; strcpy(stringvals[ii], "changed to false"); } else { logicalvals[ii] = TRUE; strcpy(stringvals[ii], "changed to true"); } } /*-------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Clean up procedures: after processing all the rows */ /*-------------------------------------------------------*/ if (firstrow + nrows - 1 == totalrows) { /* no action required in this case */ } return(0); } cfitsio-4.3.1/iter_c.f0000644000225700000360000002443513472024437014077 0ustar cagordonlhea program f77iterate_c C C This example program illustrates how to use the CFITSIO iterator function. C C This program creates a 2D histogram of the X and Y columns of an event C list. The 'main' routine just creates the empty new image, then executes C the 'writehisto' work function by calling the CFITSIO iterator function. C C 'writehisto' opens the FITS event list that contains the X and Y columns. C It then calls a second work function, calchisto, (by recursively calling C the CFITSIO iterator function) which actually computes the 2D histogram. C external work function to be passed to the iterator external writehisto integer ncols parameter (ncols=1) integer units(ncols), colnum(ncols), datatype(ncols) integer iotype(ncols), offset, n_per_loop, status character*70 colname(ncols) integer naxes(2), ounit, blocksize character*80 fname logical exists C include f77.inc ------------------------------------- C Codes for FITS extension types integer IMAGE_HDU, ASCII_TBL, BINARY_TBL parameter ( & IMAGE_HDU = 0, & ASCII_TBL = 1, & BINARY_TBL = 2 ) C Codes for FITS table data types integer TBIT,TBYTE,TLOGICAL,TSTRING,TSHORT,TINT integer TFLOAT,TDOUBLE,TCOMPLEX,TDBLCOMPLEX parameter ( & TBIT = 1, & TBYTE = 11, & TLOGICAL = 14, & TSTRING = 16, & TSHORT = 21, & TINT = 31, & TFLOAT = 42, & TDOUBLE = 82, & TCOMPLEX = 83, & TDBLCOMPLEX = 163 ) C Codes for iterator column types integer InputCol, InputOutputCol, OutputCol parameter ( & InputCol = 0, & InputOutputCol = 1, & OutputCol = 2 ) C End of f77.inc ------------------------------------- C********************************************************************** C Need to make these variables available to the 2 work functions integer xsize,ysize,xbinsize,ybinsize common /histcomm/ xsize,ysize,xbinsize,ybinsize C********************************************************************** status = 0 xsize = 480 ysize = 480 xbinsize = 32 ybinsize = 32 fname = 'histoimg.fit' ounit = 15 C delete previous version of the file if it exists inquire(file=fname,exist=exists) if( exists ) then open(ounit,file=fname,status='old') close(ounit,status='delete') endif 99 blocksize = 2880 C create new output image call ftinit(ounit,fname,blocksize,status) naxes(1) = xsize naxes(2) = ysize C create primary HDU call ftiimg(ounit,32,2,naxes,status) units(1) = ounit C Define column as TINT and Output datatype(1) = TINT iotype(1) = OutputCol C force whole array to be passed at one time n_per_loop = -1 offset = 0 C execute the function to create and write the 2D histogram print *,'Calling writehisto iterator work function... ',status call ftiter( ncols, units, colnum, colname, datatype, iotype, & offset, n_per_loop, writehisto, 0, status ) call ftclos(ounit, status) C print out error messages if problem if (status.ne.0) then call ftrprt('STDERR', status) else print *,'Program completed successfully.' endif stop end C-------------------------------------------------------------------------- C C Sample iterator function. C C Iterator work function that writes out the 2D histogram. C The histogram values are calculated by another work function, calchisto. C C-------------------------------------------------------------------------- subroutine writehisto(totaln, offset, firstn, nvalues, narrays, & units_out, colnum_out, datatype_out, iotype_out, repeat, & status, userData, histogram ) integer totaln,offset,firstn,nvalues,narrays,status integer units_out(narrays),colnum_out(narrays) integer datatype_out(narrays),iotype_out(narrays) integer repeat(narrays) integer histogram(*), userData external calchisto integer ncols parameter (ncols=2) integer units(ncols), colnum(ncols), datatype(ncols) integer iotype(ncols), rowoffset, rows_per_loop character*70 colname(ncols) integer iunit, blocksize character*80 fname C include f77.inc ------------------------------------- C Codes for FITS extension types integer IMAGE_HDU, ASCII_TBL, BINARY_TBL parameter ( & IMAGE_HDU = 0, & ASCII_TBL = 1, & BINARY_TBL = 2 ) C Codes for FITS table data types integer TBIT,TBYTE,TLOGICAL,TSTRING,TSHORT,TINT integer TFLOAT,TDOUBLE,TCOMPLEX,TDBLCOMPLEX parameter ( & TBIT = 1, & TBYTE = 11, & TLOGICAL = 14, & TSTRING = 16, & TSHORT = 21, & TINT = 31, & TFLOAT = 42, & TDOUBLE = 82, & TCOMPLEX = 83, & TDBLCOMPLEX = 163 ) C Codes for iterator column types integer InputCol, InputOutputCol, OutputCol parameter ( & InputCol = 0, & InputOutputCol = 1, & OutputCol = 2 ) C End of f77.inc ------------------------------------- C********************************************************************** C Need to make these variables available to the 2 work functions integer xsize,ysize,xbinsize,ybinsize common /histcomm/ xsize,ysize,xbinsize,ybinsize C********************************************************************** if (status .ne. 0) return C name of FITS table fname = 'iter_c.fit' iunit = 16 C do sanity checking of input values if (totaln .ne. nvalues) then C whole image must be passed at one time status = -1 return endif if (narrays .ne. 1) then C number of images is incorrect status = -2 return endif if (datatype_out(1) .ne. TINT) then C input array has wrong data type status = -3 return endif C open the file and move to the table containing the X and Y columns call ftopen(iunit,fname,0,blocksize,status) call ftmnhd(iunit, BINARY_TBL, 'EVENTS', 0, status) if (status) return C both the columns are in the same FITS file units(1) = iunit units(2) = iunit C desired datatype for each column: TINT datatype(1) = TINT datatype(2) = TINT C names of the columns colname(1) = 'X' colname(2) = 'Y' C leave column numbers undefined colnum(1) = 0 colnum(2) = 0 C define whether columns are input, input/output, or output only C Both input iotype(1) = InputCol iotype(1) = InputCol C take default number of rows per iteration rows_per_loop = 0 rowoffset = 0 C calculate the histogram print *,'Calling calchisto iterator work function... ', status call ftiter( ncols, units, colnum, colname, datatype, iotype, & rowoffset, rows_per_loop, calchisto, histogram, status ) call ftclos(iunit,status) return end C-------------------------------------------------------------------------- C C Iterator work function that calculates values for the 2D histogram. C C-------------------------------------------------------------------------- subroutine calchisto(totalrows, offset, firstrow, nrows, ncols, & units, colnum, datatype, iotype, repeat, status, & histogram, xcol, ycol ) integer totalrows,offset,firstrow,nrows,ncols,status integer units(ncols),colnum(ncols),datatype(ncols) integer iotype(ncols),repeat(ncols) integer histogram(*),xcol(*),ycol(*) C include f77.inc ------------------------------------- C Codes for FITS extension types integer IMAGE_HDU, ASCII_TBL, BINARY_TBL parameter ( & IMAGE_HDU = 0, & ASCII_TBL = 1, & BINARY_TBL = 2 ) C Codes for FITS table data types integer TBIT,TBYTE,TLOGICAL,TSTRING,TSHORT,TINT integer TFLOAT,TDOUBLE,TCOMPLEX,TDBLCOMPLEX parameter ( & TBIT = 1, & TBYTE = 11, & TLOGICAL = 14, & TSTRING = 16, & TSHORT = 21, & TINT = 31, & TFLOAT = 42, & TDOUBLE = 82, & TCOMPLEX = 83, & TDBLCOMPLEX = 163 ) C Codes for iterator column types integer InputCol, InputOutputCol, OutputCol parameter ( & InputCol = 0, & InputOutputCol = 1, & OutputCol = 2 ) C End of f77.inc ------------------------------------- integer ii, ihisto, xbin, ybin C********************************************************************** C Need to make these variables available to the 2 work functions integer xsize,ysize,xbinsize,ybinsize common /histcomm/ xsize,ysize,xbinsize,ybinsize C********************************************************************** if (status .ne. 0) return C -------------------------------------------------------- C Initialization procedures: execute on the first call C -------------------------------------------------------- if (firstrow .eq. 1) then C do sanity checking of input values if (ncols .ne. 2) then C number of arrays is incorrect status = -4 return endif if (datatype(1).ne.TINT .or. datatype(2).ne.TINT) then C wrong datatypes status = -5 return endif C initialize the histogram image pixels = 0, including null value do 10 ii = 1, xsize * ysize + 1 histogram(ii) = 0 10 continue endif C ------------------------------------------------------------------ C Main loop: increment the 2D histogram at position of each event C ------------------------------------------------------------------ do 20 ii=2,nrows+1 xbin = xcol(ii) / xbinsize ybin = ycol(ii) / ybinsize ihisto = ( ybin * xsize ) + xbin + 2 histogram(ihisto) = histogram(ihisto) + 1 20 continue return end cfitsio-4.3.1/getcoll.c0000644000225700000360000005540213472024437014256 0ustar cagordonlhea/* This file, getcoll.c, contains routines that read data elements from */ /* a FITS image or table, with logical datatype. */ /* The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy */ /* Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA */ /* Goddard Space Flight Center. */ #include #include #include "fitsio2.h" /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcvl( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ char nulval, /* I - value for null pixels */ char *array, /* O - array of values */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of logical values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Any undefined pixels will be set equal to the value of 'nulval' unless nulval = 0 in which case no checks for undefined pixels will be made. */ { char cdummy; ffgcll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, nulval, array, &cdummy, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcl( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ char *array, /* O - array of values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* !!!! THIS ROUTINE IS DEPRECATED AND SHOULD NOT BE USED !!!!!! !!!! USE ffgcvl INSTEAD !!!!!! Read an array of logical values from a column in the current FITS HDU. No checking for null values will be performed. */ { char nulval = 0; int anynul; ffgcvl( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, nulval, array, &anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcfl( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ char *array, /* O - array of values */ char *nularray, /* O - array of flags = 1 if nultyp = 2 */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of logical values from a column in the current FITS HDU. */ { char nulval = 0; ffgcll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 2, nulval, array, nularray, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcll( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ int nultyp, /* I - null value handling code: */ /* 1: set undefined pixels = nulval */ /* 2: set nularray=1 for undefined pixels */ char nulval, /* I - value for null pixels if nultyp = 1 */ char *array, /* O - array of values */ char *nularray, /* O - array of flags = 1 if nultyp = 2 */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of logical values from a column in the current FITS HDU. */ { double dtemp; int tcode, maxelem, hdutype, ii, nulcheck; long twidth, incre; long ntodo; LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, readptr, tnull, rowlen, rownum, remain, next; double scale, zero; char tform[20]; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; char snull[20]; /* the FITS null value */ unsigned char buffer[DBUFFSIZE], *buffptr; if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (anynul) *anynul = 0; if (nultyp == 2) memset(nularray, 0, (size_t) nelem); /* initialize nullarray */ /*---------------------------------------------------*/ /* Check input and get parameters about the column: */ /*---------------------------------------------------*/ if (ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 0, &scale, &zero, tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem, &startpos, &elemnum, &incre, &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0) return(*status); if (tcode != TLOGICAL) return(*status = NOT_LOGICAL_COL); /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Decide whether to check for null values in the input FITS file: */ /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/ nulcheck = nultyp; /* by default, check for null values in the FITS file */ if (nultyp == 1 && nulval == 0) nulcheck = 0; /* calling routine does not want to check for nulls */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Now read the logical values from the FITS column. */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ remain = nelem; /* remaining number of values to read */ next = 0; /* next element in array to be read */ rownum = 0; /* row number, relative to firstrow */ ntodo = (long) remain; /* max number of elements to read at one time */ while (ntodo) { /* limit the number of pixels to read at one time to the number that remain in the current vector. */ ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, maxelem); ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, (repeat - elemnum)); readptr = startpos + (rowlen * rownum) + (elemnum * incre); ffgi1b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, buffer, status); /* convert from T or F to 1 or 0 */ buffptr = buffer; for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, next++, buffptr++) { if (*buffptr == 'T') array[next] = 1; else if (*buffptr =='F') array[next] = 0; else if (*buffptr == 0) { array[next] = nulval; /* set null values to input nulval */ if (anynul) *anynul = 1; if (nulcheck == 2) { nularray[next] = 1; /* set null flags */ } } else /* some other illegal character; return the char value */ { if (*buffptr == 1) { /* this is an unfortunate case where the illegal value is the same as what we set True values to, so set the value to the character '1' instead, which has ASCII value 49. */ array[next] = 49; } else { array[next] = (char) *buffptr; } } } if (*status > 0) /* test for error during previous read operation */ { dtemp = (double) next; snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error reading elements %.0f thruough %.0f of logical array (ffgcl).", dtemp+1., dtemp + ntodo); ffpmsg(message); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------*/ /* increment the counters for the next loop */ /*--------------------------------------------*/ remain -= ntodo; if (remain) { elemnum += ntodo; if (elemnum == repeat) /* completed a row; start on later row */ { elemnum = 0; rownum++; } } ntodo = (long) remain; /* this is the maximum number to do in next loop */ } /* End of main while Loop */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcx( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG frow, /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG fbit, /* I - first bit to write (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nbit, /* I - number of bits to write */ char *larray, /* O - array of logicals corresponding to bits */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* read an array of logical values from a specified bit or byte column of the binary table. larray is set = TRUE, if the corresponding bit = 1, otherwise it is set to FALSE. The binary table column being read from must have datatype 'B' or 'X'. */ { LONGLONG bstart; long offset, ndone, ii, repeat, bitloc, fbyte; LONGLONG rstart, estart; int tcode, descrp; unsigned char cbuff; static unsigned char onbit[8] = {128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1}; tcolumn *colptr; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* check input parameters */ if (nbit < 1) return(*status); else if (frow < 1) return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM); else if (fbit < 1) return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); /* position to the correct HDU */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */ else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) return(*status); fbyte = (long) ((fbit + 7) / 8); bitloc = (long) (fbit - 1 - ((fbit - 1) / 8 * 8)); ndone = 0; rstart = frow - 1; estart = fbyte - 1; colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to correct column structure */ tcode = colptr->tdatatype; if (abs(tcode) > TBYTE) return(*status = NOT_LOGICAL_COL); /* not correct datatype column */ if (tcode > 0) { descrp = FALSE; /* not a variable length descriptor column */ /* N.B: REPEAT is the number of bytes, not number of bits */ repeat = (long) colptr->trepeat; if (tcode == TBIT) repeat = (repeat + 7) / 8; /* convert from bits to bytes */ if (fbyte > repeat) return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); /* calc the i/o pointer location to start of sequence of pixels */ bstart = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + ((fptr->Fptr)->rowlength * rstart) + colptr->tbcol + estart; } else { descrp = TRUE; /* a variable length descriptor column */ /* only bit arrays (tform = 'X') are supported for variable */ /* length arrays. REPEAT is the number of BITS in the array. */ ffgdes(fptr, colnum, frow, &repeat, &offset, status); if (tcode == -TBIT) repeat = (repeat + 7) / 8; if ((fbit + nbit + 6) / 8 > repeat) return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); /* calc the i/o pointer location to start of sequence of pixels */ bstart = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + offset + (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart + estart; } /* move the i/o pointer to the start of the pixel sequence */ if (ffmbyt(fptr, bstart, REPORT_EOF, status) > 0) return(*status); /* read the next byte */ while (1) { if (ffgbyt(fptr, 1, &cbuff, status) > 0) return(*status); for (ii = bitloc; (ii < 8) && (ndone < nbit); ii++, ndone++) { if(cbuff & onbit[ii]) /* test if bit is set */ larray[ndone] = TRUE; else larray[ndone] = FALSE; } if (ndone == nbit) /* finished all the bits */ return(*status); /* not done, so get the next byte */ if (!descrp) { estart++; if (estart == repeat) { /* move the i/o pointer to the next row of pixels */ estart = 0; rstart = rstart + 1; bstart = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + ((fptr->Fptr)->rowlength * rstart) + colptr->tbcol; ffmbyt(fptr, bstart, REPORT_EOF, status); } } bitloc = 0; } } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcxui(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG nrows, /* I - no. of rows to read */ long input_first_bit, /* I - first bit to read (1 = 1st) */ int input_nbits, /* I - number of bits to read (<= 32) */ unsigned short *array, /* O - array of integer values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read a consecutive string of bits from an 'X' or 'B' column and interprete them as an unsigned integer. The number of bits must be less than or equal to 16 or the total number of bits in the column, which ever is less. */ { int ii, firstbit, nbits, bytenum, startbit, numbits, endbit; int firstbyte, lastbyte, nbytes, rshift, lshift; unsigned short colbyte[5]; tcolumn *colptr; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; if (*status > 0 || nrows == 0) return(*status); /* check input parameters */ if (firstrow < 1) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Starting row number is less than 1: %ld (ffgcxui)", (long) firstrow); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM); } else if (input_first_bit < 1) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Starting bit number is less than 1: %ld (ffgcxui)", input_first_bit); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); } else if (input_nbits > 16) { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Number of bits to read is > 16: %d (ffgcxui)", input_nbits); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); } /* position to the correct HDU */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */ else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) return(*status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype != BINARY_TBL) { ffpmsg("This is not a binary table extension (ffgcxui)"); return(*status = NOT_BTABLE); } if (colnum > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield) { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Specified column number is out of range: %d (ffgcxui)", colnum); ffpmsg(message); snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG," There are %d columns in this table.", (fptr->Fptr)->tfield ); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM); } colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to correct column structure */ if (abs(colptr->tdatatype) > TBYTE) { ffpmsg("Can only read bits from X or B type columns. (ffgcxui)"); return(*status = NOT_LOGICAL_COL); /* not correct datatype column */ } firstbyte = (input_first_bit - 1 ) / 8 + 1; lastbyte = (input_first_bit + input_nbits - 2) / 8 + 1; nbytes = lastbyte - firstbyte + 1; if (colptr->tdatatype == TBIT && input_first_bit + input_nbits - 1 > (long) colptr->trepeat) { ffpmsg("Too many bits. Tried to read past width of column (ffgcxui)"); return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); } else if (colptr->tdatatype == TBYTE && lastbyte > (long) colptr->trepeat) { ffpmsg("Too many bits. Tried to read past width of column (ffgcxui)"); return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); } for (ii = 0; ii < nrows; ii++) { /* read the relevant bytes from the row */ if (ffgcvui(fptr, colnum, firstrow+ii, firstbyte, nbytes, 0, colbyte, NULL, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("Error reading bytes from column (ffgcxui)"); return(*status); } firstbit = (input_first_bit - 1) % 8; /* modulus operator */ nbits = input_nbits; array[ii] = 0; /* select and shift the bits from each byte into the output word */ while(nbits) { bytenum = firstbit / 8; startbit = firstbit % 8; numbits = minvalue(nbits, 8 - startbit); endbit = startbit + numbits - 1; rshift = 7 - endbit; lshift = nbits - numbits; array[ii] = ((colbyte[bytenum] >> rshift) << lshift) | array[ii]; nbits -= numbits; firstbit += numbits; } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcxuk(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG nrows, /* I - no. of rows to read */ long input_first_bit, /* I - first bit to read (1 = 1st) */ int input_nbits, /* I - number of bits to read (<= 32) */ unsigned int *array, /* O - array of integer values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read a consecutive string of bits from an 'X' or 'B' column and interprete them as an unsigned integer. The number of bits must be less than or equal to 32 or the total number of bits in the column, which ever is less. */ { int ii, firstbit, nbits, bytenum, startbit, numbits, endbit; int firstbyte, lastbyte, nbytes, rshift, lshift; unsigned int colbyte[5]; tcolumn *colptr; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; if (*status > 0 || nrows == 0) return(*status); /* check input parameters */ if (firstrow < 1) { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Starting row number is less than 1: %ld (ffgcxuk)", (long) firstrow); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM); } else if (input_first_bit < 1) { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Starting bit number is less than 1: %ld (ffgcxuk)", input_first_bit); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); } else if (input_nbits > 32) { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Number of bits to read is > 32: %d (ffgcxuk)", input_nbits); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); } /* position to the correct HDU */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */ else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) return(*status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype != BINARY_TBL) { ffpmsg("This is not a binary table extension (ffgcxuk)"); return(*status = NOT_BTABLE); } if (colnum > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield) { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Specified column number is out of range: %d (ffgcxuk)", colnum); ffpmsg(message); snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG," There are %d columns in this table.", (fptr->Fptr)->tfield ); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM); } colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to correct column structure */ if (abs(colptr->tdatatype) > TBYTE) { ffpmsg("Can only read bits from X or B type columns. (ffgcxuk)"); return(*status = NOT_LOGICAL_COL); /* not correct datatype column */ } firstbyte = (input_first_bit - 1 ) / 8 + 1; lastbyte = (input_first_bit + input_nbits - 2) / 8 + 1; nbytes = lastbyte - firstbyte + 1; if (colptr->tdatatype == TBIT && input_first_bit + input_nbits - 1 > (long) colptr->trepeat) { ffpmsg("Too many bits. Tried to read past width of column (ffgcxuk)"); return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); } else if (colptr->tdatatype == TBYTE && lastbyte > (long) colptr->trepeat) { ffpmsg("Too many bits. Tried to read past width of column (ffgcxuk)"); return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); } for (ii = 0; ii < nrows; ii++) { /* read the relevant bytes from the row */ if (ffgcvuk(fptr, colnum, firstrow+ii, firstbyte, nbytes, 0, colbyte, NULL, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("Error reading bytes from column (ffgcxuk)"); return(*status); } firstbit = (input_first_bit - 1) % 8; /* modulus operator */ nbits = input_nbits; array[ii] = 0; /* select and shift the bits from each byte into the output word */ while(nbits) { bytenum = firstbit / 8; startbit = firstbit % 8; numbits = minvalue(nbits, 8 - startbit); endbit = startbit + numbits - 1; rshift = 7 - endbit; lshift = nbits - numbits; array[ii] = ((colbyte[bytenum] >> rshift) << lshift) | array[ii]; nbits -= numbits; firstbit += numbits; } } return(*status); } cfitsio-4.3.1/putcoluk.c0000644000225700000360000010550513472024437014473 0ustar cagordonlhea/* This file, putcolk.c, contains routines that write data elements to */ /* a FITS image or table, with 'unsigned int' datatype. */ /* The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy */ /* Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA */ /* Goddard Space Flight Center. */ #include #include #include #include "fitsio2.h" /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffppruk(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ unsigned int *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of values to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). */ { long row; unsigned int nullvalue; /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ fits_write_compressed_pixels(fptr, TUINT, firstelem, nelem, 0, array, &nullvalue, status); return(*status); } row=maxvalue(1,group); ffpcluk(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, array, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffppnuk(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ unsigned int *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ unsigned int nulval, /* I - undefined pixel value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of values to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). Any array values that are equal to the value of nulval will be replaced with the null pixel value that is appropriate for this column. */ { long row; unsigned int nullvalue; /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ nullvalue = nulval; /* set local variable */ fits_write_compressed_pixels(fptr, TUINT, firstelem, nelem, 1, array, &nullvalue, status); return(*status); } row=maxvalue(1,group); ffpcnuk(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, array, nulval, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffp2duk(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG ncols, /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */ LONGLONG naxis1, /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value */ LONGLONG naxis2, /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value */ unsigned int *array, /* I - array to be written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an entire 2-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). */ { /* call the 3D writing routine, with the 3rd dimension = 1 */ ffp3duk(fptr, group, ncols, naxis2, naxis1, naxis2, 1, array, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffp3duk(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG ncols, /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */ LONGLONG nrows, /* I - number of rows in each plane of array */ LONGLONG naxis1, /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value */ LONGLONG naxis2, /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value */ LONGLONG naxis3, /* I - FITS image NAXIS3 value */ unsigned int *array, /* I - array to be written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an entire 3-D cube of values to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). */ { long tablerow, ii, jj; long fpixel[3]= {1,1,1}, lpixel[3]; LONGLONG nfits, narray; /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ lpixel[0] = (long) ncols; lpixel[1] = (long) nrows; lpixel[2] = (long) naxis3; fits_write_compressed_img(fptr, TUINT, fpixel, lpixel, 0, array, NULL, status); return(*status); } tablerow=maxvalue(1,group); if (ncols == naxis1 && nrows == naxis2) /* arrays have same size? */ { /* all the image pixels are contiguous, so write all at once */ ffpcluk(fptr, 2, tablerow, 1L, naxis1 * naxis2 * naxis3, array, status); return(*status); } if (ncols < naxis1 || nrows < naxis2) return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); nfits = 1; /* next pixel in FITS image to write to */ narray = 0; /* next pixel in input array to be written */ /* loop over naxis3 planes in the data cube */ for (jj = 0; jj < naxis3; jj++) { /* loop over the naxis2 rows in the FITS image, */ /* writing naxis1 pixels to each row */ for (ii = 0; ii < naxis2; ii++) { if (ffpcluk(fptr, 2, tablerow, nfits, naxis1,&array[narray],status) > 0) return(*status); nfits += naxis1; narray += ncols; } narray += (nrows - naxis2) * ncols; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpssuk(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group) */ long naxis, /* I - number of data axes in array */ long *naxes, /* I - size of each FITS axis */ long *fpixel, /* I - 1st pixel in each axis to write (1=1st) */ long *lpixel, /* I - last pixel in each axis to write */ unsigned int *array, /* I - array to be written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write a subsection of pixels to the primary array or image. A subsection is defined to be any contiguous rectangular array of pixels within the n-dimensional FITS data file. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). */ { long tablerow; LONGLONG fpix[7], dimen[7], astart, pstart; LONGLONG off2, off3, off4, off5, off6, off7; LONGLONG st10, st20, st30, st40, st50, st60, st70; LONGLONG st1, st2, st3, st4, st5, st6, st7; long ii, i1, i2, i3, i4, i5, i6, i7, irange[7]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ fits_write_compressed_img(fptr, TUINT, fpixel, lpixel, 0, array, NULL, status); return(*status); } if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 7) return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); tablerow=maxvalue(1,group); /* calculate the size and number of loops to perform in each dimension */ for (ii = 0; ii < 7; ii++) { fpix[ii]=1; irange[ii]=1; dimen[ii]=1; } for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { fpix[ii]=fpixel[ii]; irange[ii]=lpixel[ii]-fpixel[ii]+1; dimen[ii]=naxes[ii]; } i1=irange[0]; /* compute the pixel offset between each dimension */ off2 = dimen[0]; off3 = off2 * dimen[1]; off4 = off3 * dimen[2]; off5 = off4 * dimen[3]; off6 = off5 * dimen[4]; off7 = off6 * dimen[5]; st10 = fpix[0]; st20 = (fpix[1] - 1) * off2; st30 = (fpix[2] - 1) * off3; st40 = (fpix[3] - 1) * off4; st50 = (fpix[4] - 1) * off5; st60 = (fpix[5] - 1) * off6; st70 = (fpix[6] - 1) * off7; /* store the initial offset in each dimension */ st1 = st10; st2 = st20; st3 = st30; st4 = st40; st5 = st50; st6 = st60; st7 = st70; astart = 0; for (i7 = 0; i7 < irange[6]; i7++) { for (i6 = 0; i6 < irange[5]; i6++) { for (i5 = 0; i5 < irange[4]; i5++) { for (i4 = 0; i4 < irange[3]; i4++) { for (i3 = 0; i3 < irange[2]; i3++) { pstart = st1 + st2 + st3 + st4 + st5 + st6 + st7; for (i2 = 0; i2 < irange[1]; i2++) { if (ffpcluk(fptr, 2, tablerow, pstart, i1, &array[astart], status) > 0) return(*status); astart += i1; pstart += off2; } st2 = st20; st3 = st3+off3; } st3 = st30; st4 = st4+off4; } st4 = st40; st5 = st5+off5; } st5 = st50; st6 = st6+off6; } st6 = st60; st7 = st7+off7; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpgpuk(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group) */ long firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st) */ long nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ unsigned int *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of group parameters to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). */ { long row; /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ row=maxvalue(1,group); ffpcluk(fptr, 1L, row, firstelem, nelem, array, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpcluk(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ unsigned int *array, /* I - array of values to write */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of values to a column in the current FITS HDU. The column number may refer to a real column in an ASCII or binary table, or it may refer to a virtual column in a 1 or more grouped FITS primary array. FITSIO treats a primary array as a binary table with 2 vector columns: the first column contains the group parameters (often with length = 0) and the second column contains the array of image pixels. Each row of the table represents a group in the case of multigroup FITS images. The input array of values will be converted to the datatype of the column and will be inverse-scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary. */ { int tcode, maxelem, hdutype; long twidth, incre; long ntodo; LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, wrtptr, rowlen, rownum, remain, next, tnull; double scale, zero; char tform[20], cform[20]; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; char snull[20]; /* the FITS null value */ double cbuff[DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double)]; /* align cbuff on word boundary */ void *buffer; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* call the 'short' or 'long' version of this routine, if possible */ if (sizeof(int) == sizeof(short)) ffpclui(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned short *) array, status); else if (sizeof(int) == sizeof(long)) ffpcluj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned long *) array, status); else { /* This is a special case: sizeof(int) is not equal to sizeof(short) or sizeof(long). This occurs on Alpha OSF systems where short = 2 bytes, int = 4 bytes, and long = 8 bytes. */ buffer = cbuff; /*---------------------------------------------------*/ /* Check input and get parameters about the column: */ /*---------------------------------------------------*/ if (ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, &scale, &zero, tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem, &startpos, &elemnum, &incre, &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0) return(*status); if (tcode == TSTRING) ffcfmt(tform, cform); /* derive C format for writing strings */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Now write the pixels to the FITS column. */ /* First call the ffXXfYY routine to (1) convert the datatype */ /* if necessary, and (2) scale the values by the FITS TSCALn and */ /* TZEROn linear scaling parameters into a temporary buffer. */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ remain = nelem; /* remaining number of values to write */ next = 0; /* next element in array to be written */ rownum = 0; /* row number, relative to firstrow */ while (remain) { /* limit the number of pixels to process a one time to the number that will fit in the buffer space or to the number of pixels that remain in the current vector, which ever is smaller. */ ntodo = (long) minvalue(remain, maxelem); ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, (repeat - elemnum)); wrtptr = startpos + ((LONGLONG)rownum * rowlen) + (elemnum * incre); ffmbyt(fptr, wrtptr, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* move to write position */ switch (tcode) { case (TLONG): /* convert the raw data before writing to FITS file */ ffuintfi4(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, (INT32BIT *) buffer, status); ffpi4b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (INT32BIT *) buffer, status); break; case (TLONGLONG): ffuintfi8(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, (LONGLONG *) buffer, status); ffpi8b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (long *) buffer, status); break; case (TBYTE): ffuintfi1(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, (unsigned char *) buffer, status); ffpi1b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (unsigned char *) buffer, status); break; case (TSHORT): ffuintfi2(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, (short *) buffer, status); ffpi2b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (short *) buffer, status); break; case (TFLOAT): ffuintfr4(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, (float *) buffer, status); ffpr4b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (float *) buffer, status); break; case (TDOUBLE): ffuintfr8(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, (double *) buffer, status); ffpr8b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (double *) buffer, status); break; case (TSTRING): /* numerical column in an ASCII table */ if (cform[1] != 's') /* "%s" format is a string */ { ffuintfstr(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, cform, twidth, (char *) buffer, status); if (incre == twidth) /* contiguous bytes */ ffpbyt(fptr, ntodo * twidth, buffer, status); else ffpbytoff(fptr, twidth, ntodo, incre - twidth, buffer, status); break; } /* can't write to string column, so fall thru to default: */ default: /* error trap */ snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Cannot write numbers to column %d which has format %s", colnum,tform); ffpmsg(message); if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL) return(*status = BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT); else return(*status = BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT); } /* End of switch block */ /*-------------------------*/ /* Check for fatal error */ /*-------------------------*/ if (*status > 0) /* test for error during previous write operation */ { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error writing elements %.0f thru %.0f of input data array (ffpcluk).", (double) (next+1), (double) (next+ntodo)); ffpmsg(message); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------*/ /* increment the counters for the next loop */ /*--------------------------------------------*/ remain -= ntodo; if (remain) { next += ntodo; elemnum += ntodo; if (elemnum == repeat) /* completed a row; start on next row */ { elemnum = 0; rownum++; } } } /* End of main while Loop */ /*--------------------------------*/ /* check for numerical overflow */ /*--------------------------------*/ if (*status == OVERFLOW_ERR) { ffpmsg( "Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data."); *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; } } /* end of Dec ALPHA special case */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpcnuk(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ unsigned int *array, /* I - array of values to write */ unsigned int nulvalue, /* I - value used to flag undefined pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of elements to the specified column of a table. Any input pixels equal to the value of nulvalue will be replaced by the appropriate null value in the output FITS file. The input array of values will be converted to the datatype of the column and will be inverse-scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary */ { tcolumn *colptr; LONGLONG ngood = 0, nbad = 0, ii; LONGLONG repeat, first, fstelm, fstrow; int tcode, overflow = 0; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) { ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) { if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); } colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to correct column structure */ tcode = colptr->tdatatype; if (tcode > 0) repeat = colptr->trepeat; /* repeat count for this column */ else repeat = firstelem -1 + nelem; /* variable length arrays */ /* if variable length array, first write the whole input vector, then go back and fill in the nulls */ if (tcode < 0) { if (ffpcluk(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, array, status) > 0) { if (*status == NUM_OVERFLOW) { /* ignore overflows, which are possibly the null pixel values */ /* overflow = 1; */ *status = 0; } else { return(*status); } } } /* absolute element number in the column */ first = (firstrow - 1) * repeat + firstelem; for (ii = 0; ii < nelem; ii++) { if (array[ii] != nulvalue) /* is this a good pixel? */ { if (nbad) /* write previous string of bad pixels */ { fstelm = ii - nbad + first; /* absolute element number */ fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1; /* starting row number */ fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat; /* relative number */ if (ffpclu(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, nbad, status) > 0) return(*status); nbad=0; } ngood = ngood +1; /* the consecutive number of good pixels */ } else { if (ngood) /* write previous string of good pixels */ { fstelm = ii - ngood + first; /* absolute element number */ fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1; /* starting row number */ fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat; /* relative number */ if (tcode > 0) { /* variable length arrays have already been written */ if (ffpcluk(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, ngood, &array[ii-ngood], status) > 0) { if (*status == NUM_OVERFLOW) { overflow = 1; *status = 0; } else { return(*status); } } } ngood=0; } nbad = nbad +1; /* the consecutive number of bad pixels */ } } /* finished loop; now just write the last set of pixels */ if (ngood) /* write last string of good pixels */ { fstelm = ii - ngood + first; /* absolute element number */ fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1; /* starting row number */ fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat; /* relative number */ if (tcode > 0) { /* variable length arrays have already been written */ ffpcluk(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, ngood, &array[ii-ngood], status); } } else if (nbad) /* write last string of bad pixels */ { fstelm = ii - nbad + first; /* absolute element number */ fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1; /* starting row number */ fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat; /* relative number */ ffpclu(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, nbad, status); } if (*status <= 0) { if (overflow) { *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffuintfi1(unsigned int *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ unsigned char *output, /* O - output array of converted values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file. Do datatype conversion and scaling if required. */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] > UCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = input[ii]; } } else { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = 0; } else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX; } else output[ii] = (unsigned char) (dvalue + .5); } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffuintfi2(unsigned int *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ short *output, /* O - output array of converted values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file. Do datatype conversion and scaling if required. */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] > SHRT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = SHRT_MAX; } else output[ii] = input[ii]; } } else { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = SHRT_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = SHRT_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0) output[ii] = (short) (dvalue + .5); else output[ii] = (short) (dvalue - .5); } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffuintfi4(unsigned int *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ INT32BIT *output, /* O - output array of converted values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file. Do datatype conversion and scaling if required */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (scale == 1. && zero == 2147483648.) { /* Instead of subtracting 2147483648, it is more efficient */ /* to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) output[ii] = ( *(int *) &input[ii] ) ^ 0x80000000; } else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] > INT32_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = INT32_MAX; } else output[ii] = input[ii]; } } else { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DINT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = INT32_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DINT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = INT32_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0) output[ii] = (INT32BIT) (dvalue + .5); else output[ii] = (INT32BIT) (dvalue - .5); } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffuintfi8(unsigned int *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ LONGLONG *output, /* O - output array of converted values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file. Do datatype conversion and scaling if required */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (scale == 1. && zero == 9223372036854775808.) { /* Writing to unsigned long long column. */ /* Instead of subtracting 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */ /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */ /* no need to check range limits because all unsigned int values */ /* are valid ULONGLONG values. */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { output[ii] = ((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000; } } else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { output[ii] = input[ii]; } } else { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0) output[ii] = (LONGLONG) (dvalue + .5); else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) (dvalue - .5); } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffuintfr4(unsigned int *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ float *output, /* O - output array of converted values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file. Do datatype conversion and scaling if required. */ { long ii; if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) output[ii] = (float) input[ii]; } else { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) output[ii] = (float) ((input[ii] - zero) / scale); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffuintfr8(unsigned int *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ double *output, /* O - output array of converted values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file. Do datatype conversion and scaling if required. */ { long ii; if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) output[ii] = (double) input[ii]; } else { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) output[ii] = (input[ii] - zero) / scale; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffuintfstr(unsigned int *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ char *cform, /* I - format for output string values */ long twidth, /* I - width of each field, in chars */ char *output, /* O - output array of converted values */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file. Do scaling if required. */ { long ii; double dvalue; char *cptr; cptr = output; if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { sprintf(output, cform, (double) input[ii]); output += twidth; if (*output) /* if this char != \0, then overflow occurred */ *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; } } else { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale; sprintf(output, cform, dvalue); output += twidth; if (*output) /* if this char != \0, then overflow occurred */ *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; } } /* replace any commas with periods (e.g., in French locale) */ while ((cptr = strchr(cptr, ','))) *cptr = '.'; return(*status); } cfitsio-4.3.1/iter_image.c0000644000225700000360000000600413472024437014724 0ustar cagordonlhea#include #include #include #include "fitsio.h" /* This program illustrates how to use the CFITSIO iterator function. It reads and modifies the input 'iter_image.fit' image file by setting all the pixel values to zero (DESTROYING THE ORIGINAL IMAGE!!!) */ main() { extern zero_image(); /* external work function is passed to the iterator */ fitsfile *fptr; iteratorCol cols[3]; /* structure used by the iterator function */ int n_cols; long rows_per_loop, offset; int status, nkeys, keypos, hdutype, ii, jj; char filename[] = "iter_image.fit"; /* name of rate FITS file */ status = 0; fits_open_file(&fptr, filename, READWRITE, &status); /* open file */ n_cols = 1; /* define input column structure members for the iterator function */ fits_iter_set_file(&cols[0], fptr); fits_iter_set_iotype(&cols[0], InputOutputCol); fits_iter_set_datatype(&cols[0], 0); rows_per_loop = 0; /* use default optimum number of rows */ offset = 0; /* process all the rows */ /* apply the rate function to each row of the table */ printf("Calling iterator function...%d\n", status); fits_iterate_data(n_cols, cols, offset, rows_per_loop, zero_image, 0L, &status); fits_close_file(fptr, &status); /* all done */ if (status) fits_report_error(stderr, status); /* print out error messages */ return(status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int zero_image(long totalrows, long offset, long firstrow, long nrows, int ncols, iteratorCol *cols, void *user_strct ) /* Sample iterator function that calculates the output flux 'rate' column by dividing the input 'counts' by the 'time' column. It also applies a constant deadtime correction factor if the 'deadtime' keyword exists. Finally, this creates or updates the 'LIVETIME' keyword with the sum of all the individual integration times. */ { int ii, status = 0; /* declare variables static to preserve their values between calls */ static int *counts; /*--------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Initialization procedures: execute on the first call */ /*--------------------------------------------------------*/ if (firstrow == 1) { if (ncols != 1) return(-1); /* number of columns incorrect */ /* assign the input pointers to the appropriate arrays and null ptrs*/ counts = (int *) fits_iter_get_array(&cols[0]); } /*--------------------------------------------*/ /* Main loop: process all the rows of data */ /*--------------------------------------------*/ /* NOTE: 1st element of array is the null pixel value! */ /* Loop from 1 to nrows, not 0 to nrows - 1. */ for (ii = 1; ii <= nrows; ii++) { counts[ii] = 1.; } printf("firstrows, nrows = %d %d\n", firstrow, nrows); return(0); /* return successful status */ } cfitsio-4.3.1/config.sub0000755000225700000360000010315414214470324014435 0ustar cagordonlhea#! /bin/sh # Configuration validation subroutine script. # Copyright 1992-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. timestamp='2021-01-08' # This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it # under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU # General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program; if not, see . # # As a special exception to the GNU General Public License, if you # distribute this file as part of a program that contains a # configuration script generated by Autoconf, you may include it under # the same distribution terms that you use for the rest of that # program. This Exception is an additional permission under section 7 # of the GNU General Public License, version 3 ("GPLv3"). # Please send patches to . # # Configuration subroutine to validate and canonicalize a configuration type. # Supply the specified configuration type as an argument. # If it is invalid, we print an error message on stderr and exit with code 1. # Otherwise, we print the canonical config type on stdout and succeed. # You can get the latest version of this script from: # https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/config.git/plain/config.sub # This file is supposed to be the same for all GNU packages # and recognize all the CPU types, system types and aliases # that are meaningful with *any* GNU software. # Each package is responsible for reporting which valid configurations # it does not support. The user should be able to distinguish # a failure to support a valid configuration from a meaningless # configuration. # The goal of this file is to map all the various variations of a given # machine specification into a single specification in the form: # CPU_TYPE-MANUFACTURER-OPERATING_SYSTEM # or in some cases, the newer four-part form: # CPU_TYPE-MANUFACTURER-KERNEL-OPERATING_SYSTEM # It is wrong to echo any other type of specification. me=$(echo "$0" | sed -e 's,.*/,,') usage="\ Usage: $0 [OPTION] CPU-MFR-OPSYS or ALIAS Canonicalize a configuration name. Options: -h, --help print this help, then exit -t, --time-stamp print date of last modification, then exit -v, --version print version number, then exit Report bugs and patches to ." version="\ GNU config.sub ($timestamp) Copyright 1992-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE." help=" Try \`$me --help' for more information." # Parse command line while test $# -gt 0 ; do case $1 in --time-stamp | --time* | -t ) echo "$timestamp" ; exit ;; --version | -v ) echo "$version" ; exit ;; --help | --h* | -h ) echo "$usage"; exit ;; -- ) # Stop option processing shift; break ;; - ) # Use stdin as input. break ;; -* ) echo "$me: invalid option $1$help" >&2 exit 1 ;; *local*) # First pass through any local machine types. echo "$1" exit ;; * ) break ;; esac done case $# in 0) echo "$me: missing argument$help" >&2 exit 1;; 1) ;; *) echo "$me: too many arguments$help" >&2 exit 1;; esac # Split fields of configuration type # shellcheck disable=SC2162 IFS="-" read field1 field2 field3 field4 <&2 exit 1 ;; *-*-*-*) basic_machine=$field1-$field2 basic_os=$field3-$field4 ;; *-*-*) # Ambiguous whether COMPANY is present, or skipped and KERNEL-OS is two # parts maybe_os=$field2-$field3 case $maybe_os in nto-qnx* | linux-* | uclinux-uclibc* \ | uclinux-gnu* | kfreebsd*-gnu* | knetbsd*-gnu* | netbsd*-gnu* \ | netbsd*-eabi* | kopensolaris*-gnu* | cloudabi*-eabi* \ | storm-chaos* | os2-emx* | rtmk-nova*) basic_machine=$field1 basic_os=$maybe_os ;; android-linux) basic_machine=$field1-unknown basic_os=linux-android ;; *) basic_machine=$field1-$field2 basic_os=$field3 ;; esac ;; *-*) # A lone config we happen to match not fitting any pattern case $field1-$field2 in decstation-3100) basic_machine=mips-dec basic_os= ;; *-*) # Second component is usually, but not always the OS case $field2 in # Prevent following clause from handling this valid os sun*os*) basic_machine=$field1 basic_os=$field2 ;; # Manufacturers dec* | mips* | sequent* | encore* | pc533* | sgi* | sony* \ | att* | 7300* | 3300* | delta* | motorola* | sun[234]* \ | unicom* | ibm* | next | hp | isi* | apollo | altos* \ | convergent* | ncr* | news | 32* | 3600* | 3100* \ | hitachi* | c[123]* | convex* | sun | crds | omron* | dg \ | ultra | tti* | harris | dolphin | highlevel | gould \ | cbm | ns | masscomp | apple | axis | knuth | cray \ | microblaze* | sim | cisco \ | oki | wec | wrs | winbond) basic_machine=$field1-$field2 basic_os= ;; *) basic_machine=$field1 basic_os=$field2 ;; esac ;; esac ;; *) # Convert single-component short-hands not valid as part of # multi-component configurations. case $field1 in 386bsd) basic_machine=i386-pc basic_os=bsd ;; a29khif) basic_machine=a29k-amd basic_os=udi ;; adobe68k) basic_machine=m68010-adobe basic_os=scout ;; alliant) basic_machine=fx80-alliant basic_os= ;; altos | altos3068) basic_machine=m68k-altos basic_os= ;; am29k) basic_machine=a29k-none basic_os=bsd ;; amdahl) basic_machine=580-amdahl basic_os=sysv ;; amiga) basic_machine=m68k-unknown basic_os= ;; amigaos | amigados) basic_machine=m68k-unknown basic_os=amigaos ;; amigaunix | amix) basic_machine=m68k-unknown basic_os=sysv4 ;; apollo68) basic_machine=m68k-apollo basic_os=sysv ;; apollo68bsd) basic_machine=m68k-apollo basic_os=bsd ;; aros) basic_machine=i386-pc basic_os=aros ;; aux) basic_machine=m68k-apple basic_os=aux ;; balance) basic_machine=ns32k-sequent basic_os=dynix ;; blackfin) basic_machine=bfin-unknown basic_os=linux ;; cegcc) basic_machine=arm-unknown basic_os=cegcc ;; convex-c1) basic_machine=c1-convex basic_os=bsd ;; convex-c2) basic_machine=c2-convex basic_os=bsd ;; convex-c32) basic_machine=c32-convex basic_os=bsd ;; convex-c34) basic_machine=c34-convex basic_os=bsd ;; convex-c38) basic_machine=c38-convex basic_os=bsd ;; cray) basic_machine=j90-cray basic_os=unicos ;; crds | unos) basic_machine=m68k-crds basic_os= ;; da30) basic_machine=m68k-da30 basic_os= ;; decstation | pmax | pmin | dec3100 | decstatn) basic_machine=mips-dec basic_os= ;; delta88) basic_machine=m88k-motorola basic_os=sysv3 ;; dicos) basic_machine=i686-pc basic_os=dicos ;; djgpp) basic_machine=i586-pc basic_os=msdosdjgpp ;; ebmon29k) basic_machine=a29k-amd basic_os=ebmon ;; es1800 | OSE68k | ose68k | ose | OSE) basic_machine=m68k-ericsson basic_os=ose ;; gmicro) basic_machine=tron-gmicro basic_os=sysv ;; go32) basic_machine=i386-pc basic_os=go32 ;; h8300hms) basic_machine=h8300-hitachi basic_os=hms ;; h8300xray) basic_machine=h8300-hitachi basic_os=xray ;; h8500hms) basic_machine=h8500-hitachi basic_os=hms ;; harris) basic_machine=m88k-harris basic_os=sysv3 ;; hp300 | hp300hpux) basic_machine=m68k-hp basic_os=hpux ;; hp300bsd) basic_machine=m68k-hp basic_os=bsd ;; hppaosf) basic_machine=hppa1.1-hp basic_os=osf ;; hppro) basic_machine=hppa1.1-hp basic_os=proelf ;; i386mach) basic_machine=i386-mach basic_os=mach ;; isi68 | isi) basic_machine=m68k-isi basic_os=sysv ;; m68knommu) basic_machine=m68k-unknown basic_os=linux ;; magnum | m3230) basic_machine=mips-mips basic_os=sysv ;; merlin) basic_machine=ns32k-utek basic_os=sysv ;; mingw64) basic_machine=x86_64-pc basic_os=mingw64 ;; mingw32) basic_machine=i686-pc basic_os=mingw32 ;; mingw32ce) basic_machine=arm-unknown basic_os=mingw32ce ;; monitor) basic_machine=m68k-rom68k basic_os=coff ;; morphos) basic_machine=powerpc-unknown basic_os=morphos ;; moxiebox) basic_machine=moxie-unknown basic_os=moxiebox ;; msdos) basic_machine=i386-pc basic_os=msdos ;; msys) basic_machine=i686-pc basic_os=msys ;; mvs) basic_machine=i370-ibm basic_os=mvs ;; nacl) basic_machine=le32-unknown basic_os=nacl ;; ncr3000) basic_machine=i486-ncr basic_os=sysv4 ;; netbsd386) basic_machine=i386-pc basic_os=netbsd ;; netwinder) basic_machine=armv4l-rebel basic_os=linux ;; news | news700 | news800 | news900) basic_machine=m68k-sony basic_os=newsos ;; news1000) basic_machine=m68030-sony basic_os=newsos ;; necv70) basic_machine=v70-nec basic_os=sysv ;; nh3000) basic_machine=m68k-harris basic_os=cxux ;; nh[45]000) basic_machine=m88k-harris basic_os=cxux ;; nindy960) basic_machine=i960-intel basic_os=nindy ;; mon960) basic_machine=i960-intel basic_os=mon960 ;; nonstopux) basic_machine=mips-compaq basic_os=nonstopux ;; os400) basic_machine=powerpc-ibm basic_os=os400 ;; OSE68000 | ose68000) basic_machine=m68000-ericsson basic_os=ose ;; os68k) basic_machine=m68k-none basic_os=os68k ;; paragon) basic_machine=i860-intel basic_os=osf ;; parisc) basic_machine=hppa-unknown basic_os=linux ;; psp) basic_machine=mipsallegrexel-sony basic_os=psp ;; pw32) basic_machine=i586-unknown basic_os=pw32 ;; rdos | rdos64) basic_machine=x86_64-pc basic_os=rdos ;; rdos32) basic_machine=i386-pc basic_os=rdos ;; rom68k) basic_machine=m68k-rom68k basic_os=coff ;; sa29200) basic_machine=a29k-amd basic_os=udi ;; sei) basic_machine=mips-sei basic_os=seiux ;; sequent) basic_machine=i386-sequent basic_os= ;; sps7) basic_machine=m68k-bull basic_os=sysv2 ;; st2000) basic_machine=m68k-tandem basic_os= ;; stratus) basic_machine=i860-stratus basic_os=sysv4 ;; sun2) basic_machine=m68000-sun basic_os= ;; sun2os3) basic_machine=m68000-sun basic_os=sunos3 ;; sun2os4) basic_machine=m68000-sun basic_os=sunos4 ;; sun3) basic_machine=m68k-sun basic_os= ;; sun3os3) basic_machine=m68k-sun basic_os=sunos3 ;; sun3os4) basic_machine=m68k-sun basic_os=sunos4 ;; sun4) basic_machine=sparc-sun basic_os= ;; sun4os3) basic_machine=sparc-sun basic_os=sunos3 ;; sun4os4) basic_machine=sparc-sun basic_os=sunos4 ;; sun4sol2) basic_machine=sparc-sun basic_os=solaris2 ;; sun386 | sun386i | roadrunner) basic_machine=i386-sun basic_os= ;; sv1) basic_machine=sv1-cray basic_os=unicos ;; symmetry) basic_machine=i386-sequent basic_os=dynix ;; t3e) basic_machine=alphaev5-cray basic_os=unicos ;; t90) basic_machine=t90-cray basic_os=unicos ;; toad1) basic_machine=pdp10-xkl basic_os=tops20 ;; tpf) basic_machine=s390x-ibm basic_os=tpf ;; udi29k) basic_machine=a29k-amd basic_os=udi ;; ultra3) basic_machine=a29k-nyu basic_os=sym1 ;; v810 | necv810) basic_machine=v810-nec basic_os=none ;; vaxv) basic_machine=vax-dec basic_os=sysv ;; vms) basic_machine=vax-dec basic_os=vms ;; vsta) basic_machine=i386-pc basic_os=vsta ;; vxworks960) basic_machine=i960-wrs basic_os=vxworks ;; vxworks68) basic_machine=m68k-wrs basic_os=vxworks ;; vxworks29k) basic_machine=a29k-wrs basic_os=vxworks ;; xbox) basic_machine=i686-pc basic_os=mingw32 ;; ymp) basic_machine=ymp-cray basic_os=unicos ;; *) basic_machine=$1 basic_os= ;; esac ;; esac # Decode 1-component or ad-hoc basic machines case $basic_machine in # Here we handle the default manufacturer of certain CPU types. It is in # some cases the only manufacturer, in others, it is the most popular. w89k) cpu=hppa1.1 vendor=winbond ;; op50n) cpu=hppa1.1 vendor=oki ;; op60c) cpu=hppa1.1 vendor=oki ;; ibm*) cpu=i370 vendor=ibm ;; orion105) cpu=clipper vendor=highlevel ;; mac | mpw | mac-mpw) cpu=m68k vendor=apple ;; pmac | pmac-mpw) cpu=powerpc vendor=apple ;; # Recognize the various machine names and aliases which stand # for a CPU type and a company and sometimes even an OS. 3b1 | 7300 | 7300-att | att-7300 | pc7300 | safari | unixpc) cpu=m68000 vendor=att ;; 3b*) cpu=we32k vendor=att ;; bluegene*) cpu=powerpc vendor=ibm basic_os=cnk ;; decsystem10* | dec10*) cpu=pdp10 vendor=dec basic_os=tops10 ;; decsystem20* | dec20*) cpu=pdp10 vendor=dec basic_os=tops20 ;; delta | 3300 | motorola-3300 | motorola-delta \ | 3300-motorola | delta-motorola) cpu=m68k vendor=motorola ;; dpx2*) cpu=m68k vendor=bull basic_os=sysv3 ;; encore | umax | mmax) cpu=ns32k vendor=encore ;; elxsi) cpu=elxsi vendor=elxsi basic_os=${basic_os:-bsd} ;; fx2800) cpu=i860 vendor=alliant ;; genix) cpu=ns32k vendor=ns ;; h3050r* | hiux*) cpu=hppa1.1 vendor=hitachi basic_os=hiuxwe2 ;; hp3k9[0-9][0-9] | hp9[0-9][0-9]) cpu=hppa1.0 vendor=hp ;; hp9k2[0-9][0-9] | hp9k31[0-9]) cpu=m68000 vendor=hp ;; hp9k3[2-9][0-9]) cpu=m68k vendor=hp ;; hp9k6[0-9][0-9] | hp6[0-9][0-9]) cpu=hppa1.0 vendor=hp ;; hp9k7[0-79][0-9] | hp7[0-79][0-9]) cpu=hppa1.1 vendor=hp ;; hp9k78[0-9] | hp78[0-9]) # FIXME: really hppa2.0-hp cpu=hppa1.1 vendor=hp ;; hp9k8[67]1 | hp8[67]1 | hp9k80[24] | hp80[24] | hp9k8[78]9 | hp8[78]9 | hp9k893 | hp893) # FIXME: really hppa2.0-hp cpu=hppa1.1 vendor=hp ;; hp9k8[0-9][13679] | hp8[0-9][13679]) cpu=hppa1.1 vendor=hp ;; hp9k8[0-9][0-9] | hp8[0-9][0-9]) cpu=hppa1.0 vendor=hp ;; i*86v32) cpu=$(echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/') vendor=pc basic_os=sysv32 ;; i*86v4*) cpu=$(echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/') vendor=pc basic_os=sysv4 ;; i*86v) cpu=$(echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/') vendor=pc basic_os=sysv ;; i*86sol2) cpu=$(echo "$1" | sed -e 's/86.*/86/') vendor=pc basic_os=solaris2 ;; j90 | j90-cray) cpu=j90 vendor=cray basic_os=${basic_os:-unicos} ;; iris | iris4d) cpu=mips vendor=sgi case $basic_os in irix*) ;; *) basic_os=irix4 ;; esac ;; miniframe) cpu=m68000 vendor=convergent ;; *mint | mint[0-9]* | *MiNT | *MiNT[0-9]*) cpu=m68k vendor=atari basic_os=mint ;; news-3600 | risc-news) cpu=mips vendor=sony basic_os=newsos ;; next | m*-next) cpu=m68k vendor=next case $basic_os in openstep*) ;; nextstep*) ;; ns2*) basic_os=nextstep2 ;; *) basic_os=nextstep3 ;; esac ;; np1) cpu=np1 vendor=gould ;; op50n-* | op60c-*) cpu=hppa1.1 vendor=oki basic_os=proelf ;; pa-hitachi) cpu=hppa1.1 vendor=hitachi basic_os=hiuxwe2 ;; pbd) cpu=sparc vendor=tti ;; pbb) cpu=m68k vendor=tti ;; pc532) cpu=ns32k vendor=pc532 ;; pn) cpu=pn vendor=gould ;; power) cpu=power vendor=ibm ;; ps2) cpu=i386 vendor=ibm ;; rm[46]00) cpu=mips vendor=siemens ;; rtpc | rtpc-*) cpu=romp vendor=ibm ;; sde) cpu=mipsisa32 vendor=sde basic_os=${basic_os:-elf} ;; simso-wrs) cpu=sparclite vendor=wrs basic_os=vxworks ;; tower | tower-32) cpu=m68k vendor=ncr ;; vpp*|vx|vx-*) cpu=f301 vendor=fujitsu ;; w65) cpu=w65 vendor=wdc ;; w89k-*) cpu=hppa1.1 vendor=winbond basic_os=proelf ;; none) cpu=none vendor=none ;; leon|leon[3-9]) cpu=sparc vendor=$basic_machine ;; leon-*|leon[3-9]-*) cpu=sparc vendor=$(echo "$basic_machine" | sed 's/-.*//') ;; *-*) # shellcheck disable=SC2162 IFS="-" read cpu vendor <&2 exit 1 ;; esac ;; esac # Here we canonicalize certain aliases for manufacturers. case $vendor in digital*) vendor=dec ;; commodore*) vendor=cbm ;; *) ;; esac # Decode manufacturer-specific aliases for certain operating systems. if test x$basic_os != x then # First recognize some ad-hoc caes, or perhaps split kernel-os, or else just # set os. case $basic_os in gnu/linux*) kernel=linux os=$(echo $basic_os | sed -e 's|gnu/linux|gnu|') ;; os2-emx) kernel=os2 os=$(echo $basic_os | sed -e 's|os2-emx|emx|') ;; nto-qnx*) kernel=nto os=$(echo $basic_os | sed -e 's|nto-qnx|qnx|') ;; *-*) # shellcheck disable=SC2162 IFS="-" read kernel os <&2 exit 1 ;; esac # As a final step for OS-related things, validate the OS-kernel combination # (given a valid OS), if there is a kernel. case $kernel-$os in linux-gnu* | linux-dietlibc* | linux-android* | linux-newlib* | linux-musl* | linux-uclibc* ) ;; uclinux-uclibc* ) ;; -dietlibc* | -newlib* | -musl* | -uclibc* ) # These are just libc implementations, not actual OSes, and thus # require a kernel. echo "Invalid configuration \`$1': libc \`$os' needs explicit kernel." 1>&2 exit 1 ;; kfreebsd*-gnu* | kopensolaris*-gnu*) ;; vxworks-simlinux | vxworks-simwindows | vxworks-spe) ;; nto-qnx*) ;; os2-emx) ;; *-eabi* | *-gnueabi*) ;; -*) # Blank kernel with real OS is always fine. ;; *-*) echo "Invalid configuration \`$1': Kernel \`$kernel' not known to work with OS \`$os'." 1>&2 exit 1 ;; esac # Here we handle the case where we know the os, and the CPU type, but not the # manufacturer. We pick the logical manufacturer. case $vendor in unknown) case $cpu-$os in *-riscix*) vendor=acorn ;; *-sunos*) vendor=sun ;; *-cnk* | *-aix*) vendor=ibm ;; *-beos*) vendor=be ;; *-hpux*) vendor=hp ;; *-mpeix*) vendor=hp ;; *-hiux*) vendor=hitachi ;; *-unos*) vendor=crds ;; *-dgux*) vendor=dg ;; *-luna*) vendor=omron ;; *-genix*) vendor=ns ;; *-clix*) vendor=intergraph ;; *-mvs* | *-opened*) vendor=ibm ;; *-os400*) vendor=ibm ;; s390-* | s390x-*) vendor=ibm ;; *-ptx*) vendor=sequent ;; *-tpf*) vendor=ibm ;; *-vxsim* | *-vxworks* | *-windiss*) vendor=wrs ;; *-aux*) vendor=apple ;; *-hms*) vendor=hitachi ;; *-mpw* | *-macos*) vendor=apple ;; *-*mint | *-mint[0-9]* | *-*MiNT | *-MiNT[0-9]*) vendor=atari ;; *-vos*) vendor=stratus ;; esac ;; esac echo "$cpu-$vendor-${kernel:+$kernel-}$os" exit # Local variables: # eval: (add-hook 'before-save-hook 'time-stamp) # time-stamp-start: "timestamp='" # time-stamp-format: "%:y-%02m-%02d" # time-stamp-end: "'" # End: cfitsio-4.3.1/getcols.c0000644000225700000360000010216313640736632014266 0ustar cagordonlhea/* This file, getcols.c, contains routines that read data elements from */ /* a FITS image or table, with a character string datatype. */ /* The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy */ /* Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA */ /* Goddard Space Flight Center. */ #include #include /* stddef.h is apparently needed to define size_t */ #include #include #include "fitsio2.h" /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcvs( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of strings to read */ char *nulval, /* I - string for null pixels */ char **array, /* O - array of values that are read */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of string values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Any undefined pixels will be set equal to the value of 'nulval' unless nulval = null in which case no checks for undefined pixels will be made. */ { char cdummy[2]; ffgcls(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, nulval, array, cdummy, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcfs( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of strings to read */ char **array, /* O - array of values that are read */ char *nularray, /* O - array of flags = 1 if nultyp = 2 */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of string values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Nularray will be set = 1 if the corresponding array pixel is undefined, otherwise nularray will = 0. */ { char dummy[2]; ffgcls(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 2, dummy, array, nularray, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcls( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of strings to read */ int nultyp, /* I - null value handling code: */ /* 1: set undefined pixels = nulval */ /* 2: set nularray=1 for undefined pixels */ char *nulval, /* I - value for null pixels if nultyp = 1 */ char **array, /* O - array of values that are read */ char *nularray, /* O - array of flags = 1 if nultyp = 2 */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of string values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Returns a formated string value, regardless of the datatype of the column */ { int tcode, hdutype, tstatus, scaled, intcol, dwidth, nulwidth, ll, dlen; int equivtype; long ii, jj; tcolumn *colptr; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG], *carray, keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD]; char cform[20], dispfmt[20], tmpstr[400], *flgarray, tmpnull[80]; unsigned char byteval; float *earray; double *darray, tscale = 1.0; LONGLONG *llarray; ULONGLONG *ullarray; if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */ else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) return(*status); if (colnum < 1 || colnum > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield) { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Specified column number is out of range: %d", colnum); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM); } /* get equivalent dataype of column (only needed for TLONGLONG columns) */ ffeqtyll(fptr, colnum, &equivtype, NULL, NULL, status); if (equivtype < 0) equivtype = abs(equivtype); colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to correct column structure */ tcode = abs(colptr->tdatatype); intcol = 0; if (tcode == TSTRING) { /* simply call the string column reading routine */ ffgcls2(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, nultyp, nulval, array, nularray, anynul, status); } else if (tcode == TLOGICAL) { /* allocate memory for the array of logical values */ carray = (char *) malloc((size_t) nelem); /* call the logical column reading routine */ ffgcll(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, nultyp, *nulval, carray, nularray, anynul, status); if (*status <= 0) { /* convert logical values to "T", "F", or "N" (Null) */ for (ii = 0; ii < nelem; ii++) { if (carray[ii] == 1) strcpy(array[ii], "T"); else if (carray[ii] == 0) strcpy(array[ii], "F"); else /* undefined values = 2 */ strcpy(array[ii],"N"); } } free(carray); /* free the memory */ } else if (tcode == TCOMPLEX) { /* allocate memory for the array of double values */ earray = (float *) calloc((size_t) (nelem * 2), sizeof(float) ); ffgcle(fptr, colnum, firstrow, (firstelem - 1) * 2 + 1, nelem * 2, 1, 1, FLOATNULLVALUE, earray, nularray, anynul, status); if (*status <= 0) { /* determine the format for the output strings */ ffgcdw(fptr, colnum, &dwidth, status); dwidth = (dwidth - 3) / 2; /* use the TDISPn keyword if it exists */ ffkeyn("TDISP", colnum, keyname, status); tstatus = 0; cform[0] = '\0'; if (ffgkys(fptr, keyname, dispfmt, NULL, &tstatus) == 0) { /* convert the Fortran style format to a C style format */ ffcdsp(dispfmt, cform); /* Special case: TDISPn='Aw' disallowed for numeric types */ if (dispfmt[0] == 'A') { cform[0] = 0; /* Special case: if the output is intended to be represented as an integer, but we read it as a double, we need to set intcol = 1 so it is printed as an integer */ } else if ((dispfmt[0] == 'I') || (dispfmt[0] == 'i') || (dispfmt[0] == 'O') || (dispfmt[0] == 'o') || (dispfmt[0] == 'Z') || (dispfmt[0] == 'z')) { intcol = 1; } } if (!cform[0]) strcpy(cform, "%14.6E"); /* write the formated string for each value: "(real,imag)" */ jj = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < nelem; ii++) { strcpy(array[ii], "("); /* test for null value */ if (earray[jj] == FLOATNULLVALUE) { strcpy(tmpstr, "NULL"); if (nultyp == 2) nularray[ii] = 1; } else if (intcol) { snprintf(tmpstr, 400,cform, (int) earray[jj]); } else { snprintf(tmpstr, 400,cform, earray[jj]); } strncat(array[ii], tmpstr, dwidth); strcat(array[ii], ","); jj++; /* test for null value */ if (earray[jj] == FLOATNULLVALUE) { strcpy(tmpstr, "NULL"); if (nultyp == 2) nularray[ii] = 1; } else if (intcol) { snprintf(tmpstr, 400,cform, (int) earray[jj]); } else { snprintf(tmpstr, 400,cform, earray[jj]); } strncat(array[ii], tmpstr, dwidth); strcat(array[ii], ")"); jj++; } } free(earray); /* free the memory */ } else if (tcode == TDBLCOMPLEX) { /* allocate memory for the array of double values */ darray = (double *) calloc((size_t) (nelem * 2), sizeof(double) ); ffgcld(fptr, colnum, firstrow, (firstelem - 1) * 2 + 1, nelem * 2, 1, 1, DOUBLENULLVALUE, darray, nularray, anynul, status); if (*status <= 0) { /* determine the format for the output strings */ ffgcdw(fptr, colnum, &dwidth, status); dwidth = (dwidth - 3) / 2; /* use the TDISPn keyword if it exists */ ffkeyn("TDISP", colnum, keyname, status); tstatus = 0; cform[0] = '\0'; if (ffgkys(fptr, keyname, dispfmt, NULL, &tstatus) == 0) { /* convert the Fortran style format to a C style format */ ffcdsp(dispfmt, cform); /* Special case: TDISPn='Aw' disallowed for numeric types */ if (dispfmt[0] == 'A') { cform[0] = 0; /* Special case: if the output is intended to be represented as an integer, but we read it as a double, we need to set intcol = 1 so it is printed as an integer */ } else if ((dispfmt[0] == 'I') || (dispfmt[0] == 'i') || (dispfmt[0] == 'O') || (dispfmt[0] == 'o') || (dispfmt[0] == 'Z') || (dispfmt[0] == 'z')) { intcol = 1; } } if (!cform[0]) strcpy(cform, "%23.15E"); /* write the formated string for each value: "(real,imag)" */ jj = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < nelem; ii++) { strcpy(array[ii], "("); /* test for null value */ if (darray[jj] == DOUBLENULLVALUE) { strcpy(tmpstr, "NULL"); if (nultyp == 2) nularray[ii] = 1; } else if (intcol) { snprintf(tmpstr, 400,cform, (int) darray[jj]); } else { snprintf(tmpstr, 400,cform, darray[jj]); } strncat(array[ii], tmpstr, dwidth); strcat(array[ii], ","); jj++; /* test for null value */ if (darray[jj] == DOUBLENULLVALUE) { strcpy(tmpstr, "NULL"); if (nultyp == 2) nularray[ii] = 1; } else if (intcol) { snprintf(tmpstr, 400,cform, (int) darray[jj]); } else { snprintf(tmpstr, 400,cform, darray[jj]); } strncat(array[ii], tmpstr, dwidth); strcat(array[ii], ")"); jj++; } } free(darray); /* free the memory */ } else if (tcode == TLONGLONG && equivtype == TLONGLONG) { /* allocate memory for the array of LONGLONG values */ llarray = (LONGLONG *) calloc((size_t) nelem, sizeof(LONGLONG) ); flgarray = (char *) calloc((size_t) nelem, sizeof(char) ); dwidth = 20; /* max width of displayed long long integer value */ if (ffgcfjj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, llarray, flgarray, anynul, status) > 0) { free(flgarray); free(llarray); return(*status); } /* write the formated string for each value */ if (nulval) { strncpy(tmpnull, nulval,79); tmpnull[79]='\0'; /* In case len(nulval) >= 79 */ nulwidth = strlen(tmpnull); } else { strcpy(tmpnull, " "); nulwidth = 1; } for (ii = 0; ii < nelem; ii++) { if ( flgarray[ii] ) { *array[ii] = '\0'; if (dwidth < nulwidth) strncat(array[ii], tmpnull, dwidth); else sprintf(array[ii],"%*s",dwidth,tmpnull); if (nultyp == 2) nularray[ii] = 1; } else { #if defined(_MSC_VER) /* Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 uses '%I64d' syntax for 8-byte integers */ snprintf(tmpstr, 400,"%20I64d", llarray[ii]); #elif (USE_LL_SUFFIX == 1) snprintf(tmpstr, 400,"%20lld", llarray[ii]); #else snprintf(tmpstr, 400,"%20ld", llarray[ii]); #endif *array[ii] = '\0'; strncat(array[ii], tmpstr, 20); } } free(flgarray); free(llarray); /* free the memory */ } else if (tcode == TLONGLONG && equivtype == TULONGLONG) { /* allocate memory for the array of ULONGLONG values */ ullarray = (ULONGLONG *) calloc((size_t) nelem, sizeof(ULONGLONG) ); flgarray = (char *) calloc((size_t) nelem, sizeof(char) ); dwidth = 20; /* max width of displayed unsigned long long integer value */ if (ffgcfujj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, ullarray, flgarray, anynul, status) > 0) { free(flgarray); free(ullarray); return(*status); } /* write the formated string for each value */ if (nulval) { strncpy(tmpnull, nulval, 79); tmpnull[79]='\0'; /* In case len(nulval) >= 79 */ nulwidth = strlen(tmpnull); } else { strcpy(tmpnull, " "); nulwidth = 1; } for (ii = 0; ii < nelem; ii++) { if ( flgarray[ii] ) { *array[ii] = '\0'; if (dwidth < nulwidth) strncat(array[ii], tmpnull, dwidth); else sprintf(array[ii],"%*s",dwidth,tmpnull); if (nultyp == 2) nularray[ii] = 1; } else { #if defined(_MSC_VER) /* Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 uses '%I64d' syntax for 8-byte integers */ snprintf(tmpstr, 400, "%20I64u", ullarray[ii]); #elif (USE_LL_SUFFIX == 1) snprintf(tmpstr, 400, "%20llu", ullarray[ii]); #else snprintf(tmpstr, 400, "%20lu", ullarray[ii]); #endif *array[ii] = '\0'; strncat(array[ii], tmpstr, 20); } } free(flgarray); free(ullarray); /* free the memory */ } else { /* allocate memory for the array of double values */ darray = (double *) calloc((size_t) nelem, sizeof(double) ); /* read all other numeric type columns as doubles */ if (ffgcld(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, nultyp, DOUBLENULLVALUE, darray, nularray, anynul, status) > 0) { free(darray); return(*status); } /* determine the format for the output strings */ ffgcdw(fptr, colnum, &dwidth, status); /* check if column is scaled */ ffkeyn("TSCAL", colnum, keyname, status); tstatus = 0; scaled = 0; if (ffgkyd(fptr, keyname, &tscale, NULL, &tstatus) == 0) { if (tscale != 1.0) scaled = 1; /* yes, this is a scaled column */ } intcol = 0; if (tcode <= TLONG && !scaled) intcol = 1; /* this is an unscaled integer column */ /* use the TDISPn keyword if it exists */ ffkeyn("TDISP", colnum, keyname, status); tstatus = 0; cform[0] = '\0'; if (ffgkys(fptr, keyname, dispfmt, NULL, &tstatus) == 0) { /* convert the Fortran style TDISPn to a C style format */ ffcdsp(dispfmt, cform); /* Special case: TDISPn='Aw' disallowed for numeric types */ if (dispfmt[0] == 'A') { cform[0] = 0; /* Special case: if the output is intended to be represented as an integer, but we read it as a double, we need to set intcol = 1 so it is printed as an integer */ } else if ((dispfmt[0] == 'I') || (dispfmt[0] == 'i') || (dispfmt[0] == 'O') || (dispfmt[0] == 'o') || (dispfmt[0] == 'Z') || (dispfmt[0] == 'z')) { intcol = 1; } } if (!cform[0]) { /* no TDISPn keyword; use TFORMn instead */ ffkeyn("TFORM", colnum, keyname, status); ffgkys(fptr, keyname, dispfmt, NULL, status); if (scaled && tcode <= TSHORT) { /* scaled short integer column == float */ strcpy(cform, "%#14.6G"); } else if (scaled && tcode == TLONG) { /* scaled long integer column == double */ strcpy(cform, "%#23.15G"); } else if (scaled && tcode == TLONGLONG) { /* scaled long long integer column == double */ strcpy(cform, "%#23.15G"); } else { ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status); if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL) { /* convert the Fortran style TFORMn to a C style format */ ffcdsp(dispfmt, cform); } else { /* this is a binary table, need to convert the format */ if (tcode == TBIT) { /* 'X' */ strcpy(cform, "%4d"); } else if (tcode == TBYTE) { /* 'B' */ strcpy(cform, "%4d"); } else if (tcode == TSHORT) { /* 'I' */ strcpy(cform, "%6d"); } else if (tcode == TLONG) { /* 'J' */ strcpy(cform, "%11.0f"); intcol = 0; /* needed to support unsigned int */ } else if (tcode == TFLOAT) { /* 'E' */ strcpy(cform, "%#14.6G"); } else if (tcode == TDOUBLE) { /* 'D' */ strcpy(cform, "%#23.15G"); } } } } if (nulval) { strncpy(tmpnull, nulval,79); tmpnull[79]='\0'; nulwidth = strlen(tmpnull); } else { strcpy(tmpnull, " "); nulwidth = 1; } /* write the formated string for each value */ for (ii = 0; ii < nelem; ii++) { if (tcode == TBIT) { byteval = (char) darray[ii]; for (ll=0; ll < 8; ll++) { if ( ((unsigned char) (byteval << ll)) >> 7 ) *(array[ii] + ll) = '1'; else *(array[ii] + ll) = '0'; } *(array[ii] + 8) = '\0'; } /* test for null value */ else if ( (nultyp == 1 && darray[ii] == DOUBLENULLVALUE) || (nultyp == 2 && nularray[ii]) ) { *array[ii] = '\0'; if (dwidth < nulwidth) strncat(array[ii], tmpnull, dwidth); else sprintf(array[ii],"%*s",dwidth,tmpnull); } else { if (intcol) { snprintf(tmpstr, 400,cform, (int) darray[ii]); } else { snprintf(tmpstr, 400,cform, darray[ii]); } /* fill field with '*' if number is too wide */ dlen = strlen(tmpstr); if (dlen > dwidth) { memset(tmpstr, '*', dwidth); } *array[ii] = '\0'; strncat(array[ii], tmpstr, dwidth); } } free(darray); /* free the memory */ } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcdw( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column (1 = 1st col) */ int *width, /* O - display width */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Get Column Display Width. */ { tcolumn *colptr; char *cptr; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG], keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], dispfmt[20]; int tcode, hdutype, tstatus, scaled; double tscale; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); if (colnum < 1 || colnum > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield) { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Specified column number is out of range: %d", colnum); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM); } colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to correct column structure */ tcode = abs(colptr->tdatatype); /* use the TDISPn keyword if it exists */ ffkeyn("TDISP", colnum, keyname, status); *width = 0; tstatus = 0; if (ffgkys(fptr, keyname, dispfmt, NULL, &tstatus) == 0) { /* parse TDISPn get the display width */ cptr = dispfmt; while(*cptr == ' ') /* skip leading blanks */ cptr++; if (*cptr == 'A' || *cptr == 'a' || *cptr == 'I' || *cptr == 'i' || *cptr == 'O' || *cptr == 'o' || *cptr == 'Z' || *cptr == 'z' || *cptr == 'F' || *cptr == 'f' || *cptr == 'E' || *cptr == 'e' || *cptr == 'D' || *cptr == 'd' || *cptr == 'G' || *cptr == 'g') { while(!isdigit((int) *cptr) && *cptr != '\0') /* find 1st digit */ cptr++; *width = atoi(cptr); if (tcode >= TCOMPLEX) *width = (2 * (*width)) + 3; } } if (*width == 0) { /* no valid TDISPn keyword; use TFORMn instead */ ffkeyn("TFORM", colnum, keyname, status); ffgkys(fptr, keyname, dispfmt, NULL, status); /* check if column is scaled */ ffkeyn("TSCAL", colnum, keyname, status); tstatus = 0; scaled = 0; if (ffgkyd(fptr, keyname, &tscale, NULL, &tstatus) == 0) { if (tscale != 1.0) scaled = 1; /* yes, this is a scaled column */ } if (scaled && tcode <= TSHORT) { /* scaled short integer col == float; default format is 14.6G */ *width = 14; } else if (scaled && tcode == TLONG) { /* scaled long integer col == double; default format is 23.15G */ *width = 23; } else if (scaled && tcode == TLONGLONG) { /* scaled long long integer col == double; default format is 23.15G */ *width = 23; } else { ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status); /* get type of table */ if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL) { /* parse TFORMn get the display width */ cptr = dispfmt; while(!isdigit((int) *cptr) && *cptr != '\0') /* find 1st digit */ cptr++; *width = atoi(cptr); } else { /* this is a binary table */ if (tcode == TBIT) /* 'X' */ *width = 8; else if (tcode == TBYTE) /* 'B' */ *width = 4; else if (tcode == TSHORT) /* 'I' */ *width = 6; else if (tcode == TLONG) /* 'J' */ *width = 11; else if (tcode == TLONGLONG) /* 'K' */ *width = 20; else if (tcode == TFLOAT) /* 'E' */ *width = 14; else if (tcode == TDOUBLE) /* 'D' */ *width = 23; else if (tcode == TCOMPLEX) /* 'C' */ *width = 31; else if (tcode == TDBLCOMPLEX) /* 'M' */ *width = 49; else if (tcode == TLOGICAL) /* 'L' */ *width = 1; else if (tcode == TSTRING) /* 'A' */ { int typecode; long int repeat = 0, rwidth = 0; int gstatus = 0; /* Deal with possible vector string with repeat / width by parsing the TFORM=rAw keyword */ if (ffgtcl(fptr, colnum, &typecode, &repeat, &rwidth, &gstatus) == 0 && rwidth >= 1 && rwidth < repeat) { *width = rwidth; } else { /* Hmmm, we couldn't parse the TFORM keyword by standard, so just do simple parsing */ cptr = dispfmt; while(!isdigit((int) *cptr) && *cptr != '\0') cptr++; *width = atoi(cptr); } if (*width < 1) *width = 1; /* default is at least 1 column */ } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcls2 ( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of strings to read */ int nultyp, /* I - null value handling code: */ /* 1: set undefined pixels = nulval */ /* 2: set nularray=1 for undefined pixels */ char *nulval, /* I - value for null pixels if nultyp = 1 */ char **array, /* O - array of values that are read */ char *nularray, /* O - array of flags = 1 if nultyp = 2 */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of string values from a column in the current FITS HDU. */ { double dtemp; long nullen; int tcode, maxelem, hdutype, nulcheck; long twidth, incre; long ii, jj, ntodo; LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, readptr, tnull, rowlen, rownum, remain, next; double scale, zero; char tform[20]; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; char snull[20]; /* the FITS null value */ tcolumn *colptr; double cbuff[DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double)]; /* align cbuff on word boundary */ char *buffer, *arrayptr; if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); if (anynul) *anynul = 0; if (nultyp == 2) memset(nularray, 0, (size_t) nelem); /* initialize nullarray */ /*---------------------------------------------------*/ /* Check input and get parameters about the column: */ /*---------------------------------------------------*/ if (colnum < 1 || colnum > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield) { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Specified column number is out of range: %d", colnum); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM); } colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to correct column structure */ tcode = colptr->tdatatype; if (tcode == -TSTRING) /* variable length column in a binary table? */ { /* only read a single string; ignore value of firstelem */ if (ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, 1, 1, 0, &scale, &zero, tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem, &startpos, &elemnum, &incre, &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0) return(*status); remain = 1; twidth = (long) repeat; } else if (tcode == TSTRING) { if (ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 0, &scale, &zero, tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem, &startpos, &elemnum, &incre, &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0) return(*status); /* if string length is greater than a FITS block (2880 char) then must */ /* only read 1 string at a time, to force reading by ffgbyt instead of */ /* ffgbytoff (ffgbytoff can't handle this case) */ if (twidth > IOBUFLEN) { maxelem = 1; incre = twidth; repeat = 1; } remain = nelem; } else return(*status = NOT_ASCII_COL); nullen = strlen(snull); /* length of the undefined pixel string */ if (nullen == 0) nullen = 1; /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Decide whether to check for null values in the input FITS file: */ /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/ nulcheck = nultyp; /* by default check for null values in the FITS file */ if (nultyp == 1 && nulval == 0) nulcheck = 0; /* calling routine does not want to check for nulls */ else if (nultyp == 1 && nulval && nulval[0] == 0) nulcheck = 0; /* calling routine does not want to check for nulls */ else if (snull[0] == ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED) nulcheck = 0; /* null value string in ASCII table not defined */ else if (nullen > twidth) nulcheck = 0; /* null value string is longer than width of column */ /* thus impossible for any column elements to = null */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Now read the strings one at a time from the FITS column. */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ next = 0; /* next element in array to be read */ rownum = 0; /* row number, relative to firstrow */ while (remain) { /* limit the number of pixels to process at one time to the number that will fit in the buffer space or to the number of pixels that remain in the current vector, which ever is smaller. */ ntodo = (long) minvalue(remain, maxelem); ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, (repeat - elemnum)); readptr = startpos + ((LONGLONG)rownum * rowlen) + (elemnum * incre); ffmbyt(fptr, readptr, REPORT_EOF, status); /* move to read position */ /* read the array of strings from the FITS file into the buffer */ if (incre == twidth) ffgbyt(fptr, ntodo * twidth, cbuff, status); else ffgbytoff(fptr, twidth, ntodo, incre - twidth, cbuff, status); /* copy from the buffer into the user's array of strings */ /* work backwards from last char of last string to 1st char of 1st */ buffer = ((char *) cbuff) + (ntodo * twidth) - 1; for (ii = (long) (next + ntodo - 1); ii >= next; ii--) { arrayptr = array[ii] + twidth - 1; for (jj = twidth - 1; jj > 0; jj--) /* ignore trailing blanks */ { if (*buffer == ' ') { buffer--; arrayptr--; } else break; } *(arrayptr + 1) = 0; /* write the string terminator */ for (; jj >= 0; jj--) /* copy the string itself */ { *arrayptr = *buffer; buffer--; arrayptr--; } /* check if null value is defined, and if the */ /* column string is identical to the null string */ if (nulcheck && !strncmp(snull, array[ii], nullen) ) { *anynul = 1; /* this is a null value */ if (nultyp == 1) { if (nulval) strcpy(array[ii], nulval); else strcpy(array[ii], " "); } else nularray[ii] = 1; } } if (*status > 0) /* test for error during previous read operation */ { dtemp = (double) next; snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f of data array (ffpcls).", dtemp+1., dtemp+ntodo); ffpmsg(message); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------*/ /* increment the counters for the next loop */ /*--------------------------------------------*/ next += ntodo; remain -= ntodo; if (remain) { elemnum += ntodo; if (elemnum == repeat) /* completed a row; start on next row */ { elemnum = 0; rownum++; } } } /* End of main while Loop */ return(*status); } cfitsio-4.3.1/f77.inc0000644000225700000360000000152513472024437013554 0ustar cagordonlheaC Codes for FITS extension types integer IMAGE_HDU, ASCII_TBL, BINARY_TBL parameter ( & IMAGE_HDU = 0, & ASCII_TBL = 1, & BINARY_TBL = 2 ) C Codes for FITS table data types integer TBIT,TBYTE,TLOGICAL,TSTRING,TSHORT,TINT integer TFLOAT,TDOUBLE,TCOMPLEX,TDBLCOMPLEX parameter ( & TBIT = 1, & TBYTE = 11, & TLOGICAL = 14, & TSTRING = 16, & TSHORT = 21, & TINT = 31, & TFLOAT = 42, & TDOUBLE = 82, & TCOMPLEX = 83, & TDBLCOMPLEX = 163 ) C Codes for iterator column types integer InputCol, InputOutputCol, OutputCol parameter ( & InputCol = 0, & InputOutputCol = 1, & OutputCol = 2 ) cfitsio-4.3.1/getcol.c0000644000225700000360000013117214335036354014101 0ustar cagordonlhea /* This file, getcol.c, contains routines that read data elements from */ /* a FITS image or table. There are generic datatype routines. */ /* The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy */ /* Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA */ /* Goddard Space Flight Center. */ #include #include "fitsio2.h" /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgpxv( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ long *firstpix, /* I - coord of first pixel to read (1s based) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ void *nulval, /* I - value for undefined pixels */ void *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from the primary array. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Undefined elements will be set equal to NULVAL, unless NULVAL=0 in which case no checking for undefined values will be performed. ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined. */ { LONGLONG tfirstpix[99]; int naxis, ii; if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* get the size of the image */ ffgidm(fptr, &naxis, status); for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) tfirstpix[ii] = firstpix[ii]; ffgpxvll(fptr, datatype, tfirstpix, nelem, nulval, array, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgpxvll( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ LONGLONG *firstpix, /* I - coord of first pixel to read (1s based) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ void *nulval, /* I - value for undefined pixels */ void *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from the primary array. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Undefined elements will be set equal to NULVAL, unless NULVAL=0 in which case no checking for undefined values will be performed. ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined. */ { int naxis, ii; char cdummy; int nullcheck = 1; LONGLONG naxes[9], trc[9]= {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1}; long inc[9]= {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1}; LONGLONG dimsize = 1, firstelem; if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* get the size of the image */ ffgidm(fptr, &naxis, status); ffgiszll(fptr, 9, naxes, status); if (naxis == 0 || naxes[0] == 0) { *status = BAD_DIMEN; return(*status); } /* calculate the position of the first element in the array */ firstelem = 0; for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) { firstelem += ((firstpix[ii] - 1) * dimsize); dimsize *= naxes[ii]; trc[ii] = firstpix[ii]; } firstelem++; if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ /* test for special case of reading an integral number of */ /* rows in a 2D or 3D image (which includes reading the whole image */ if (naxis > 1 && naxis < 4 && firstpix[0] == 1 && (nelem / naxes[0]) * naxes[0] == nelem) { /* calculate coordinate of last pixel */ trc[0] = naxes[0]; /* reading whole rows */ trc[1] = firstpix[1] + (nelem / naxes[0] - 1); while (trc[1] > naxes[1]) { trc[1] = trc[1] - naxes[1]; trc[2] = trc[2] + 1; /* increment to next plane of cube */ } fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, datatype, firstpix, trc, inc, 1, nulval, array, NULL, anynul, status); } else { fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, datatype, firstelem, nelem, nullcheck, nulval, array, NULL, anynul, status); } return(*status); } /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ if (datatype == TBYTE) { if (nulval == 0) ffgclb(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (unsigned char *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgclb(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(unsigned char *) nulval, (unsigned char *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { if (nulval == 0) ffgclsb(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (signed char *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgclsb(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(signed char *) nulval, (signed char *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgclui(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (unsigned short *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgclui(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(unsigned short *) nulval, (unsigned short *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgcli(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (short *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgcli(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(short *) nulval, (short *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgcluk(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (unsigned int *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgcluk(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(unsigned int *) nulval, (unsigned int *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgclk(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (int *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgclk(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(int *) nulval, (int *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgcluj(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (unsigned long *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgcluj(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(unsigned long *) nulval, (unsigned long *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgclj(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (long *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgclj(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(long *) nulval, (long *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgclujj(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (ULONGLONG *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgclujj(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(ULONGLONG *) nulval, (ULONGLONG *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgcljj(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (LONGLONG *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgcljj(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(LONGLONG *) nulval, (LONGLONG *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgcle(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (float *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgcle(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(float *) nulval, (float *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { if (nulval == 0) ffgcld(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (double *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgcld(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(double *) nulval, (double *) array, &cdummy, anynul, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgpxf( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ long *firstpix, /* I - coord of first pixel to read (1s based) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ void *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ char *nullarray, /* O - returned array of null value flags */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from the primary array. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). The nullarray values will = 1 if the corresponding array value is null. ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined. */ { LONGLONG tfirstpix[99]; int naxis, ii; if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* get the size of the image */ ffgidm(fptr, &naxis, status); for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) tfirstpix[ii] = firstpix[ii]; ffgpxfll(fptr, datatype, tfirstpix, nelem, array, nullarray, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgpxfll( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ LONGLONG *firstpix, /* I - coord of first pixel to read (1s based) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ void *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ char *nullarray, /* O - returned array of null value flags */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from the primary array. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). The nullarray values will = 1 if the corresponding array value is null. ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined. */ { int naxis, ii; int nullcheck = 2; LONGLONG naxes[9]; LONGLONG dimsize = 1, firstelem; if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* get the size of the image */ ffgidm(fptr, &naxis, status); ffgiszll(fptr, 9, naxes, status); /* calculate the position of the first element in the array */ firstelem = 0; for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) { firstelem += ((firstpix[ii] - 1) * dimsize); dimsize *= naxes[ii]; } firstelem++; if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, datatype, firstelem, nelem, nullcheck, NULL, array, nullarray, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ if (datatype == TBYTE) { ffgclb(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0, (unsigned char *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { ffgclsb(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0, (signed char *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { ffgclui(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0, (unsigned short *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { ffgcli(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0, (short *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { ffgcluk(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0, (unsigned int *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { ffgclk(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0, (int *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { ffgcluj(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0, (unsigned long *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { ffgclj(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0, (long *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { ffgclujj(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0, (ULONGLONG *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { ffgcljj(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0, (LONGLONG *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { ffgcle(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0, (float *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { ffgcld(fptr, 2, 1, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0, (double *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgsv( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ long *blc, /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection */ long *trc , /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection */ long *inc, /* I - increment to be applied in each dim. */ void *nulval, /* I - value for undefined pixels */ void *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an section of values from the primary array. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Undefined elements will be set equal to NULVAL, unless NULVAL=0 in which case no checking for undefined values will be performed. ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined. */ { int naxis, ii; long naxes[9]; LONGLONG nelem = 1; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* get the size of the image */ ffgidm(fptr, &naxis, status); ffgisz(fptr, 9, naxes, status); /* test for the important special case where we are reading the whole image */ /* this is only useful for images that are not tile-compressed */ if (!fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { if (inc[ii] != 1 || blc[ii] !=1 || trc[ii] != naxes[ii]) break; nelem = nelem * naxes[ii]; } if (ii == naxis) { /* read the whole image more efficiently */ ffgpxv(fptr, datatype, blc, nelem, nulval, array, anynul, status); return(*status); } } if (datatype == TBYTE) { if (nulval == 0) ffgsvb(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, 0, (unsigned char *) array, anynul, status); else ffgsvb(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, *(unsigned char *) nulval, (unsigned char *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { if (nulval == 0) ffgsvsb(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, 0, (signed char *) array, anynul, status); else ffgsvsb(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, *(signed char *) nulval, (signed char *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgsvui(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, 0, (unsigned short *) array, anynul, status); else ffgsvui(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes,blc, trc, inc, *(unsigned short *) nulval, (unsigned short *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgsvi(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, 0, (short *) array, anynul, status); else ffgsvi(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, *(short *) nulval, (short *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgsvuk(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, 0, (unsigned int *) array, anynul, status); else ffgsvuk(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, *(unsigned int *) nulval, (unsigned int *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgsvk(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, 0, (int *) array, anynul, status); else ffgsvk(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, *(int *) nulval, (int *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgsvuj(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, 0, (unsigned long *) array, anynul, status); else ffgsvuj(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, *(unsigned long *) nulval, (unsigned long *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgsvj(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, 0, (long *) array, anynul, status); else ffgsvj(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, *(long *) nulval, (long *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgsvujj(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, 0, (ULONGLONG *) array, anynul, status); else ffgsvujj(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, *(ULONGLONG *) nulval, (ULONGLONG *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgsvjj(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, 0, (LONGLONG *) array, anynul, status); else ffgsvjj(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, *(LONGLONG *) nulval, (LONGLONG *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgsve(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, 0, (float *) array, anynul, status); else ffgsve(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, *(float *) nulval, (float *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { if (nulval == 0) ffgsvd(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, 0, (double *) array, anynul, status); else ffgsvd(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, inc, *(double *) nulval, (double *) array, anynul, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgpv( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ void *nulval, /* I - value for undefined pixels */ void *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from the primary array. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Undefined elements will be set equal to NULVAL, unless NULVAL=0 in which case no checking for undefined values will be performed. ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined. */ { if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ if (datatype == TBYTE) { if (nulval == 0) ffgpvb(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, 0, (unsigned char *) array, anynul, status); else ffgpvb(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, *(unsigned char *) nulval, (unsigned char *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { if (nulval == 0) ffgpvsb(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, 0, (signed char *) array, anynul, status); else ffgpvsb(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, *(signed char *) nulval, (signed char *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgpvui(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, 0, (unsigned short *) array, anynul, status); else ffgpvui(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, *(unsigned short *) nulval, (unsigned short *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgpvi(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, 0, (short *) array, anynul, status); else ffgpvi(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, *(short *) nulval, (short *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgpvuk(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, 0, (unsigned int *) array, anynul, status); else ffgpvuk(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, *(unsigned int *) nulval, (unsigned int *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgpvk(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, 0, (int *) array, anynul, status); else ffgpvk(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, *(int *) nulval, (int *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgpvuj(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, 0, (unsigned long *) array, anynul, status); else ffgpvuj(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, *(unsigned long *) nulval, (unsigned long *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgpvj(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, 0, (long *) array, anynul, status); else ffgpvj(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, *(long *) nulval, (long *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgpvujj(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, 0, (ULONGLONG *) array, anynul, status); else ffgpvujj(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, *(ULONGLONG *) nulval, (ULONGLONG *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgpvjj(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, 0, (LONGLONG *) array, anynul, status); else ffgpvjj(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, *(LONGLONG *) nulval, (LONGLONG *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgpve(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, 0, (float *) array, anynul, status); else ffgpve(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, *(float *) nulval, (float *) array, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { if (nulval == 0) ffgpvd(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, 0, (double *) array, anynul, status); else { ffgpvd(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, *(double *) nulval, (double *) array, anynul, status); } } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgpf( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ void *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ char *nullarray, /* O - array of null value flags */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from the primary array. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). The nullarray values will = 1 if the corresponding array value is null. ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined. */ { if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ if (datatype == TBYTE) { ffgpfb(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned char *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { ffgpfsb(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, (signed char *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { ffgpfui(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned short *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { ffgpfi(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, (short *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { ffgpfuk(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned int *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { ffgpfk(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, (int *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { ffgpfuj(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned long *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { ffgpfj(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, (long *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { ffgpfujj(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, (ULONGLONG *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { ffgpfjj(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, (LONGLONG *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { ffgpfe(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, (float *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { ffgpfd(fptr, 1, firstelem, nelem, (double *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcv( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ void *nulval, /* I - value for undefined pixels */ void *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from a table column. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Undefined elements will be set equal to NULVAL, unless NULVAL=0 in which case no checking for undefined values will be performed. ANYNUL is returned with a value of true if any pixels are undefined. */ { char cdummy[2]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (datatype == TBIT) { ffgcx(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (char *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TBYTE) { if (nulval == 0) ffgclb(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (unsigned char *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgclb(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(unsigned char *) nulval, (unsigned char *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { if (nulval == 0) ffgclsb(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (signed char *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgclsb(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(signed char *) nulval, (signed char *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgclui(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (unsigned short *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgclui(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(unsigned short *) nulval, (unsigned short *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgcli(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (short *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgcli(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(short *) nulval, (short *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgcluk(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (unsigned int *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgcluk(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(unsigned int *) nulval, (unsigned int *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgclk(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (int *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgclk(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(int *) nulval, (int *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgcluj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (unsigned long *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgcluj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(unsigned long *) nulval, (unsigned long *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgclj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (long *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgclj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(long *) nulval, (long *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgclujj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (ULONGLONG *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgclujj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(ULONGLONG *) nulval, (ULONGLONG *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { if (nulval == 0) ffgcljj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0, (LONGLONG *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgcljj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(LONGLONG *) nulval, (LONGLONG *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { if (nulval == 0) ffgcle(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0., (float *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgcle(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(float *) nulval,(float *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { if (nulval == 0) ffgcld(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0., (double *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgcld(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, *(double *) nulval, (double *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TCOMPLEX) { if (nulval == 0) ffgcle(fptr, colnum, firstrow, (firstelem - 1) * 2 + 1, nelem * 2, 1, 1, 0., (float *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgcle(fptr, colnum, firstrow, (firstelem - 1) * 2 + 1, nelem * 2, 1, 1, *(float *) nulval, (float *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TDBLCOMPLEX) { if (nulval == 0) ffgcld(fptr, colnum, firstrow, (firstelem - 1) * 2 + 1, nelem * 2, 1, 1, 0., (double *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgcld(fptr, colnum, firstrow, (firstelem - 1) * 2 + 1, nelem * 2, 1, 1, *(double *) nulval, (double *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLOGICAL) { if (nulval == 0) ffgcll(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 0, (char *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); else ffgcll(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, *(char *) nulval, (char *) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSTRING) { if (nulval == 0) { cdummy[0] = '\0'; ffgcls(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, cdummy, (char **) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else ffgcls(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, (char *) nulval, (char **) array, cdummy, anynul, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcvn( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int ncols, /* I - number of columns to read */ int *datatype, /* I - datatypes of the values */ int *colnum, /* I - columns numbers to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG nrows, /* I - number of rows to read */ void **nulval, /* I - array of pointers to values for undefined pixels */ void **array, /* O - array of pointers to values that are returned */ int *anynul, /* O - anynul[i] set to 1 if any values in column i are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read arrays of values from NCOLS table columns. This is an optimization to read all columns in one pass through the table. The datatypes of the input arrays are defined by the 3rd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Undefined elements for column i will be set equal to *(nulval[i]), unless nulval[i]=0 in which case no checking for undefined values will be performed. anynul[i] is returned with a value of true if any pixels in column i are undefined. */ { LONGLONG ntotrows, ndone, nread, currow; long nrowbuf; LONGLONG *repeats = 0; size_t sizes[255] = {0}; int icol; sizes[TBYTE] = sizes[TSBYTE] = sizes[TLOGICAL] = sizeof(char); sizes[TUSHORT] = sizes[TSHORT] = sizeof(short int); sizes[TINT] = sizes[TUINT] = sizeof(int); sizes[TLONG] = sizes[TULONG] = sizeof(long int); sizes[TLONGLONG] = sizes[TULONGLONG] = sizeof(LONGLONG); sizes[TFLOAT] = sizeof(float); sizes[TDOUBLE] = sizeof(double); sizes[TDBLCOMPLEX] = 2*sizeof(double); if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (ncols <= 0) return (*status=0); repeats = malloc(sizeof(LONGLONG)*ncols); if (repeats == 0) return (*status=MEMORY_ALLOCATION); fits_get_num_rowsll(fptr, &ntotrows, status); fits_get_rowsize(fptr, &nrowbuf, status); /* Retrieve column repeats */ for (icol = 0; (icol < ncols) && (icol < 1000); icol++) { int typecode; LONGLONG repeat, width; fits_get_coltypell(fptr, colnum[icol], &typecode, &repeat, &width, status); repeats[icol] = repeat; if (datatype[icol] == TBIT || datatype[icol] == TSTRING || sizes[datatype[icol]] == 0) { ffpmsg("Cannot read from TBIT or TSTRING datatypes (ffgcvn)"); *status = BAD_DATATYPE; } if (typecode < 0) { ffpmsg("Cannot read from variable-length data (ffgcvn)"); *status = BAD_DIMEN; } if (*status) break; } if (*status) { free(repeats); return *status; } /* Optimize for 1 column */ if (ncols == 1) { fits_read_col(fptr, datatype[0], colnum[0], firstrow, 1, nrows*repeats[0], nulval[0], array[0], anynul ? &(anynul[0]) : 0, status); free(repeats); return *status; } /* Scan through file, in chunks of nrowbuf */ currow = firstrow; ndone = 0; while (ndone < nrows) { int icol; nread = (nrows-ndone); /* Number of rows to read (not elements) */ if (nread > nrowbuf) nread = nrowbuf; for (icol=0; icol 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (datatype == TBIT) { ffgcx(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (char *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TBYTE) { ffgclb(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, (unsigned char ) nulval, (unsigned char *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { ffgclsb(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, (signed char ) nulval, (signed char *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { ffgclui(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, (unsigned short ) nulval, (unsigned short *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { ffgcli(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, (short ) nulval, (short *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { ffgcluk(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, (unsigned int ) nulval, (unsigned int *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { ffgclk(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, (int ) nulval, (int *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { ffgcluj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, (unsigned long ) nulval, (unsigned long *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { ffgclj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, (long ) nulval, (long *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { ffgclujj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, (ULONGLONG ) nulval, (ULONGLONG *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { ffgcljj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, (LONGLONG ) nulval, (LONGLONG *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { ffgcle(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, (float ) nulval,(float *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { ffgcld(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, nulval, (double *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TCOMPLEX) { ffgcfc(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (float *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TDBLCOMPLEX) { ffgcfm(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (double *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TLOGICAL) { ffgcll(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 2, (char ) nulval, (char *) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSTRING) { ffgcls(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 2, cnulval, (char **) array, nullarray, anynul, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } cfitsio-4.3.1/eval_defs.h0000644000225700000360000001360114335036354014555 0ustar cagordonlhea#include #include #include #include #if defined(__sgi) || defined(__hpux) #include #endif #ifdef sparc #include #endif #include "fitsio2.h" #define MAXDIMS 5 #define MAXSUBS 10 #define MAXVARNAME 80 #define CONST_OP -1000 #define pERROR -1 #define MAX_STRLEN 256 #define MAX_STRLEN_S "255" typedef struct ParseData_struct ParseData; typedef void* yyscan_t; #ifndef FFBISON #include "eval_tab.h" #endif typedef struct { char name[MAXVARNAME+1]; int type; long nelem; int naxis; long naxes[MAXDIMS]; char *undef; void *data; } DataInfo; typedef struct { long nelem; int naxis; long naxes[MAXDIMS]; char *undef; union { double dbl; long lng; char log; char str[MAX_STRLEN]; double *dblptr; long *lngptr; char *logptr; char **strptr; void *ptr; } data; } lval; typedef struct Node { int operation; void (*DoOp)(ParseData *, struct Node *this); int nSubNodes; int SubNodes[MAXSUBS]; int type; lval value; } Node; struct ParseData_struct { fitsfile *def_fptr; int (*getData)( ParseData *, char *dataName, void *dataValue ); int (*loadData)( ParseData *, int varNum, long fRow, long nRows, void *data, char *undef ); int compressed; int timeCol; int parCol; int valCol; char *expr; int index; int is_eobuf; Node *Nodes; int nNodes; int nNodesAlloc; int resultNode; long firstRow; long nRows; int nCols; long nElements; int nAxis; long nAxes[MAXDIMS]; iteratorCol *colData; DataInfo *varData; PixelFilter *pixFilter; long firstDataRow; long nDataRows; long totalRows; long nPrevDataRows; int datatype; int hdutype; int status; }; typedef enum { rnd_fct = 1001, sum_fct, nelem_fct, sin_fct, cos_fct, tan_fct, asin_fct, acos_fct, atan_fct, sinh_fct, cosh_fct, tanh_fct, exp_fct, log_fct, log10_fct, sqrt_fct, abs_fct, atan2_fct, ceil_fct, floor_fct, round_fct, min1_fct, min2_fct, max1_fct, max2_fct, near_fct, circle_fct, box_fct, elps_fct, isnull_fct, defnull_fct, gtifilt_fct, regfilt_fct, ifthenelse_fct, row_fct, null_fct, median_fct, average_fct, stddev_fct, nonnull_fct, angsep_fct, gasrnd_fct, poirnd_fct, strmid_fct, strpos_fct, setnull_fct, gtiover_fct, gtifind_fct, elemnum_fct, axiselem_fct, array_fct } funcOp; typedef struct parseInfo_struct parseInfo; struct ParseStatusVariables { /* These variables were 'static' in fits_parse_workfn() */ void *Data, *Null; int datasize; long lastRow, repeat, resDataSize; LONGLONG jnull; parseInfo *userInfo; long zeros[4]; }; struct parseInfo_struct { int datatype; /* Data type to cast parse results into for user */ void *dataPtr; /* Pointer to array of results, NULL if to use iterCol */ void *nullPtr; /* Pointer to nulval, use zero if NULL */ long maxRows; /* Max No. of rows to process, -1=all, 0=1 iteration */ int anyNull; /* Flag indicating at least 1 undef value encountered */ ParseData *parseData; /* Pointer to parser configuration */ struct ParseStatusVariables parseVariables; }; #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif /* Not sure why this is needed but it is */ #define YYSTYPE FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE /* How ParseData is accessed from the lexer, i.e. by yyextra */ #define YY_EXTRA_TYPE ParseData * int fits_parser_yyparse(yyscan_t yyscaner, ParseData *lParse); int fits_parser_yylex(FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE *, yyscan_t yyscanner); void fits_parser_yyrestart(FILE*, yyscan_t yyscanner); int fits_parser_yylex_init_extra ( YY_EXTRA_TYPE user_defined, yyscan_t* scanner); int fits_parser_yylex_destroy (yyscan_t scanner); void Evaluate_Parser( ParseData *lParse, long firstRow, long nRows ); int fits_parser_allocateCol( ParseData *lParse, int nCol, int *status ); int fits_parser_set_temporary_col(ParseData *lParse, parseInfo *Info, long int nrows, void *nulval, int *status); #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif cfitsio-4.3.1/fits_hdecompress.c0000644000225700000360000017352013472024437016170 0ustar cagordonlhea/* ######################################################################### These routines to apply the H-compress decompression algorithm to a 2-D Fits image were written by R. White at the STScI and were obtained from the STScI at http://www.stsci.edu/software/hcompress.html This source file is a concatination of the following sources files in the original distribution hinv.c hsmooth.c undigitize.c decode.c dodecode.c qtree_decode.c qread.c bit_input.c The following modifications have been made to the original code: - commented out redundant "include" statements - added the nextchar global variable - changed all the 'extern' declarations to 'static', since all the routines are in the same source file - changed the first parameter in decode (and in lower level routines from a file stream to a char array - modified the myread routine, and lower level byte reading routines, to copy the input bytes to a char array, instead of reading them from a file stream - changed the function declarations to the more modern ANSI C style - changed calls to printf and perror to call the CFITSIO ffpmsg routine - replace "exit" statements with "return" statements ############################################################################ */ #include #include #include #include #include "fitsio2.h" /* WDP added test to see if min and max are already defined */ #ifndef min #define min(a,b) (((a)<(b))?(a):(b)) #endif #ifndef max #define max(a,b) (((a)>(b))?(a):(b)) #endif static long nextchar; static int decode(unsigned char *infile, int *a, int *nx, int *ny, int *scale); static int decode64(unsigned char *infile, LONGLONG *a, int *nx, int *ny, int *scale); static int hinv(int a[], int nx, int ny, int smooth ,int scale); static int hinv64(LONGLONG a[], int nx, int ny, int smooth ,int scale); static void undigitize(int a[], int nx, int ny, int scale); static void undigitize64(LONGLONG a[], int nx, int ny, int scale); static void unshuffle(int a[], int n, int n2, int tmp[]); static void unshuffle64(LONGLONG a[], int n, int n2, LONGLONG tmp[]); static void hsmooth(int a[], int nxtop, int nytop, int ny, int scale); static void hsmooth64(LONGLONG a[], int nxtop, int nytop, int ny, int scale); static void qread(unsigned char *infile,char *a, int n); static int readint(unsigned char *infile); static LONGLONG readlonglong(unsigned char *infile); static int dodecode(unsigned char *infile, int a[], int nx, int ny, unsigned char nbitplanes[3]); static int dodecode64(unsigned char *infile, LONGLONG a[], int nx, int ny, unsigned char nbitplanes[3]); static int qtree_decode(unsigned char *infile, int a[], int n, int nqx, int nqy, int nbitplanes); static int qtree_decode64(unsigned char *infile, LONGLONG a[], int n, int nqx, int nqy, int nbitplanes); static void start_inputing_bits(void); static int input_bit(unsigned char *infile); static int input_nbits(unsigned char *infile, int n); /* make input_nybble a separate routine, for added effiency */ /* #define input_nybble(infile) input_nbits(infile,4) */ static int input_nybble(unsigned char *infile); static int input_nnybble(unsigned char *infile, int n, unsigned char *array); static void qtree_expand(unsigned char *infile, unsigned char a[], int nx, int ny, unsigned char b[]); static void qtree_bitins(unsigned char a[], int nx, int ny, int b[], int n, int bit); static void qtree_bitins64(unsigned char a[], int nx, int ny, LONGLONG b[], int n, int bit); static void qtree_copy(unsigned char a[], int nx, int ny, unsigned char b[], int n); static void read_bdirect(unsigned char *infile, int a[], int n, int nqx, int nqy, unsigned char scratch[], int bit); static void read_bdirect64(unsigned char *infile, LONGLONG a[], int n, int nqx, int nqy, unsigned char scratch[], int bit); static int input_huffman(unsigned char *infile); /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ int fits_hdecompress(unsigned char *input, int smooth, int *a, int *ny, int *nx, int *scale, int *status) { /* decompress the input byte stream using the H-compress algorithm input - input array of compressed bytes a - pre-allocated array to hold the output uncompressed image nx - returned X axis size ny - returned Y axis size NOTE: the nx and ny dimensions as defined within this code are reversed from the usual FITS notation. ny is the fastest varying dimension, which is usually considered the X axis in the FITS image display */ int stat; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* decode the input array */ FFLOCK; /* decode uses the nextchar global variable */ stat = decode(input, a, nx, ny, scale); FFUNLOCK; *status = stat; if (stat) return(*status); /* * Un-Digitize */ undigitize(a, *nx, *ny, *scale); /* * Inverse H-transform */ stat = hinv(a, *nx, *ny, smooth, *scale); *status = stat; return(*status); } /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ int fits_hdecompress64(unsigned char *input, int smooth, LONGLONG *a, int *ny, int *nx, int *scale, int *status) { /* decompress the input byte stream using the H-compress algorithm input - input array of compressed bytes a - pre-allocated array to hold the output uncompressed image nx - returned X axis size ny - returned Y axis size NOTE: the nx and ny dimensions as defined within this code are reversed from the usual FITS notation. ny is the fastest varying dimension, which is usually considered the X axis in the FITS image display */ int stat, *iarray, ii, nval; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* decode the input array */ FFLOCK; /* decode uses the nextchar global variable */ stat = decode64(input, a, nx, ny, scale); FFUNLOCK; *status = stat; if (stat) return(*status); /* * Un-Digitize */ undigitize64(a, *nx, *ny, *scale); /* * Inverse H-transform */ stat = hinv64(a, *nx, *ny, smooth, *scale); *status = stat; /* pack the I*8 values back into an I*4 array */ iarray = (int *) a; nval = (*nx) * (*ny); for (ii = 0; ii < nval; ii++) iarray[ii] = (int) a[ii]; return(*status); } /* ############################################################################ */ /* ############################################################################ */ /* Copyright (c) 1993 Association of Universities for Research * in Astronomy. All rights reserved. Produced under National * Aeronautics and Space Administration Contract No. NAS5-26555. */ /* hinv.c Inverse H-transform of NX x NY integer image * * Programmer: R. White Date: 23 July 1993 */ /* ############################################################################ */ static int hinv(int a[], int nx, int ny, int smooth ,int scale) /* int smooth; 0 for no smoothing, else smooth during inversion int scale; used if smoothing is specified */ { int nmax, log2n, i, j, k; int nxtop,nytop,nxf,nyf,c; int oddx,oddy; int shift, bit0, bit1, bit2, mask0, mask1, mask2, prnd0, prnd1, prnd2, nrnd0, nrnd1, nrnd2, lowbit0, lowbit1; int h0, hx, hy, hc; int s10, s00; int *tmp; /* * log2n is log2 of max(nx,ny) rounded up to next power of 2 */ nmax = (nx>ny) ? nx : ny; log2n = (int) (log((float) nmax)/log(2.0)+0.5); if ( nmax > (1<> 1; prnd1 = bit1 >> 1; prnd2 = bit2 >> 1; nrnd0 = prnd0 - 1; nrnd1 = prnd1 - 1; nrnd2 = prnd2 - 1; /* * round h0 to multiple of bit2 */ a[0] = (a[0] + ((a[0] >= 0) ? prnd2 : nrnd2)) & mask2; /* * do log2n expansions * * We're indexing a as a 2-D array with dimensions (nx,ny). */ nxtop = 1; nytop = 1; nxf = nx; nyf = ny; c = 1<=0; k--) { /* * this somewhat cryptic code generates the sequence * ntop[k-1] = (ntop[k]+1)/2, where ntop[log2n] = n */ c = c>>1; nxtop = nxtop<<1; nytop = nytop<<1; if (nxf <= c) { nxtop -= 1; } else { nxf -= c; } if (nyf <= c) { nytop -= 1; } else { nyf -= c; } /* * double shift and fix nrnd0 (because prnd0=0) on last pass */ if (k == 0) { nrnd0 = 0; shift = 2; } /* * unshuffle in each dimension to interleave coefficients */ for (i = 0; i= 0) ? prnd1 : nrnd1)) & mask1; hy = (hy + ((hy >= 0) ? prnd1 : nrnd1)) & mask1; hc = (hc + ((hc >= 0) ? prnd0 : nrnd0)) & mask0; /* * propagate bit0 of hc to hx,hy */ lowbit0 = hc & bit0; hx = (hx >= 0) ? (hx - lowbit0) : (hx + lowbit0); hy = (hy >= 0) ? (hy - lowbit0) : (hy + lowbit0); /* * Propagate bits 0 and 1 of hc,hx,hy to h0. * This could be simplified if we assume h0>0, but then * the inversion would not be lossless for images with * negative pixels. */ lowbit1 = (hc ^ hx ^ hy) & bit1; h0 = (h0 >= 0) ? (h0 + lowbit0 - lowbit1) : (h0 + ((lowbit0 == 0) ? lowbit1 : (lowbit0-lowbit1))); /* * Divide sums by 2 (4 last time) */ a[s10+1] = (h0 + hx + hy + hc) >> shift; a[s10 ] = (h0 + hx - hy - hc) >> shift; a[s00+1] = (h0 - hx + hy - hc) >> shift; a[s00 ] = (h0 - hx - hy + hc) >> shift; s00 += 2; s10 += 2; } if (oddy) { /* * do last element in row if row length is odd * s00+1, s10+1 are off edge */ h0 = a[s00 ]; hx = a[s10 ]; hx = ((hx >= 0) ? (hx+prnd1) : (hx+nrnd1)) & mask1; lowbit1 = hx & bit1; h0 = (h0 >= 0) ? (h0 - lowbit1) : (h0 + lowbit1); a[s10 ] = (h0 + hx) >> shift; a[s00 ] = (h0 - hx) >> shift; } } if (oddx) { /* * do last row if column length is odd * s10, s10+1 are off edge */ s00 = ny*i; for (j = 0; j= 0) ? (hy+prnd1) : (hy+nrnd1)) & mask1; lowbit1 = hy & bit1; h0 = (h0 >= 0) ? (h0 - lowbit1) : (h0 + lowbit1); a[s00+1] = (h0 + hy) >> shift; a[s00 ] = (h0 - hy) >> shift; s00 += 2; } if (oddy) { /* * do corner element if both row and column lengths are odd * s00+1, s10, s10+1 are off edge */ h0 = a[s00 ]; a[s00 ] = h0 >> shift; } } /* * divide all the masks and rounding values by 2 */ bit2 = bit1; bit1 = bit0; bit0 = bit0 >> 1; mask1 = mask0; mask0 = mask0 >> 1; prnd1 = prnd0; prnd0 = prnd0 >> 1; nrnd1 = nrnd0; nrnd0 = prnd0 - 1; } free(tmp); return(0); } /* ############################################################################ */ static int hinv64(LONGLONG a[], int nx, int ny, int smooth ,int scale) /* int smooth; 0 for no smoothing, else smooth during inversion int scale; used if smoothing is specified */ { int nmax, log2n, i, j, k; int nxtop,nytop,nxf,nyf,c; int oddx,oddy; int shift; LONGLONG mask0, mask1, mask2, prnd0, prnd1, prnd2, bit0, bit1, bit2; LONGLONG nrnd0, nrnd1, nrnd2, lowbit0, lowbit1; LONGLONG h0, hx, hy, hc; int s10, s00; LONGLONG *tmp; /* * log2n is log2 of max(nx,ny) rounded up to next power of 2 */ nmax = (nx>ny) ? nx : ny; log2n = (int) (log((float) nmax)/log(2.0)+0.5); if ( nmax > (1<> 1; prnd1 = bit1 >> 1; prnd2 = bit2 >> 1; nrnd0 = prnd0 - 1; nrnd1 = prnd1 - 1; nrnd2 = prnd2 - 1; /* * round h0 to multiple of bit2 */ a[0] = (a[0] + ((a[0] >= 0) ? prnd2 : nrnd2)) & mask2; /* * do log2n expansions * * We're indexing a as a 2-D array with dimensions (nx,ny). */ nxtop = 1; nytop = 1; nxf = nx; nyf = ny; c = 1<=0; k--) { /* * this somewhat cryptic code generates the sequence * ntop[k-1] = (ntop[k]+1)/2, where ntop[log2n] = n */ c = c>>1; nxtop = nxtop<<1; nytop = nytop<<1; if (nxf <= c) { nxtop -= 1; } else { nxf -= c; } if (nyf <= c) { nytop -= 1; } else { nyf -= c; } /* * double shift and fix nrnd0 (because prnd0=0) on last pass */ if (k == 0) { nrnd0 = 0; shift = 2; } /* * unshuffle in each dimension to interleave coefficients */ for (i = 0; i= 0) ? prnd1 : nrnd1)) & mask1; hy = (hy + ((hy >= 0) ? prnd1 : nrnd1)) & mask1; hc = (hc + ((hc >= 0) ? prnd0 : nrnd0)) & mask0; /* * propagate bit0 of hc to hx,hy */ lowbit0 = hc & bit0; hx = (hx >= 0) ? (hx - lowbit0) : (hx + lowbit0); hy = (hy >= 0) ? (hy - lowbit0) : (hy + lowbit0); /* * Propagate bits 0 and 1 of hc,hx,hy to h0. * This could be simplified if we assume h0>0, but then * the inversion would not be lossless for images with * negative pixels. */ lowbit1 = (hc ^ hx ^ hy) & bit1; h0 = (h0 >= 0) ? (h0 + lowbit0 - lowbit1) : (h0 + ((lowbit0 == 0) ? lowbit1 : (lowbit0-lowbit1))); /* * Divide sums by 2 (4 last time) */ a[s10+1] = (h0 + hx + hy + hc) >> shift; a[s10 ] = (h0 + hx - hy - hc) >> shift; a[s00+1] = (h0 - hx + hy - hc) >> shift; a[s00 ] = (h0 - hx - hy + hc) >> shift; s00 += 2; s10 += 2; } if (oddy) { /* * do last element in row if row length is odd * s00+1, s10+1 are off edge */ h0 = a[s00 ]; hx = a[s10 ]; hx = ((hx >= 0) ? (hx+prnd1) : (hx+nrnd1)) & mask1; lowbit1 = hx & bit1; h0 = (h0 >= 0) ? (h0 - lowbit1) : (h0 + lowbit1); a[s10 ] = (h0 + hx) >> shift; a[s00 ] = (h0 - hx) >> shift; } } if (oddx) { /* * do last row if column length is odd * s10, s10+1 are off edge */ s00 = ny*i; for (j = 0; j= 0) ? (hy+prnd1) : (hy+nrnd1)) & mask1; lowbit1 = hy & bit1; h0 = (h0 >= 0) ? (h0 - lowbit1) : (h0 + lowbit1); a[s00+1] = (h0 + hy) >> shift; a[s00 ] = (h0 - hy) >> shift; s00 += 2; } if (oddy) { /* * do corner element if both row and column lengths are odd * s00+1, s10, s10+1 are off edge */ h0 = a[s00 ]; a[s00 ] = h0 >> shift; } } /* * divide all the masks and rounding values by 2 */ bit2 = bit1; bit1 = bit0; bit0 = bit0 >> 1; mask1 = mask0; mask0 = mask0 >> 1; prnd1 = prnd0; prnd0 = prnd0 >> 1; nrnd1 = nrnd0; nrnd0 = prnd0 - 1; } free(tmp); return(0); } /* ############################################################################ */ static void unshuffle(int a[], int n, int n2, int tmp[]) /* int a[]; array to shuffle int n; number of elements to shuffle int n2; second dimension int tmp[]; scratch storage */ { int i; int nhalf; int *p1, *p2, *pt; /* * copy 2nd half of array to tmp */ nhalf = (n+1)>>1; pt = tmp; p1 = &a[n2*nhalf]; /* pointer to a[i] */ for (i=nhalf; i= 0; i--) { *p1 = *p2; p2 -= n2; p1 -= (n2+n2); } /* * now distribute 2nd half of array (in tmp) to odd elements */ pt = tmp; p1 = &a[n2]; /* pointer to a[i] */ for (i=1; i>1; pt = tmp; p1 = &a[n2*nhalf]; /* pointer to a[i] */ for (i=nhalf; i= 0; i--) { *p1 = *p2; p2 -= n2; p1 -= (n2+n2); } /* * now distribute 2nd half of array (in tmp) to odd elements */ pt = tmp; p1 = &a[n2]; /* pointer to a[i] */ for (i=1; i> 1); if (smax <= 0) return; ny2 = ny << 1; /* * We're indexing a as a 2-D array with dimensions (nxtop,ny) of which * only (nxtop,nytop) are used. The coefficients on the edge of the * array are not adjusted (which is why the loops below start at 2 * instead of 0 and end at nxtop-2 instead of nxtop.) */ /* * Adjust x difference hx */ for (i = 2; i=0, dmin<=0. */ if (dmin < dmax) { diff = max( min(diff, dmax), dmin); /* * Compute change in slope limited to range +/- smax. * Careful with rounding negative numbers when using * shift for divide by 8. */ s = diff-(a[s10]<<3); s = (s>=0) ? (s>>3) : ((s+7)>>3) ; s = max( min(s, smax), -smax); a[s10] = a[s10]+s; } s00 += 2; s10 += 2; } } /* * Adjust y difference hy */ for (i = 0; i=0) ? (s>>3) : ((s+7)>>3) ; s = max( min(s, smax), -smax); a[s00+1] = a[s00+1]+s; } s00 += 2; s10 += 2; } } /* * Adjust curvature difference hc */ for (i = 2; i=0, dmin<=0. */ if (dmin < dmax) { diff = max( min(diff, dmax), dmin); /* * Compute change in slope limited to range +/- smax. * Careful with rounding negative numbers when using * shift for divide by 64. */ s = diff-(a[s10+1]<<6); s = (s>=0) ? (s>>6) : ((s+63)>>6) ; s = max( min(s, smax), -smax); a[s10+1] = a[s10+1]+s; } s00 += 2; s10 += 2; } } } /* ############################################################################ */ static void hsmooth64(LONGLONG a[], int nxtop, int nytop, int ny, int scale) /* LONGLONG a[]; array of H-transform coefficients int nxtop,nytop; size of coefficient block to use int ny; actual 1st dimension of array int scale; truncation scale factor that was used */ { int i, j; int ny2, s10, s00; LONGLONG hm, h0, hp, hmm, hpm, hmp, hpp, hx2, hy2, diff, dmax, dmin, s, smax, m1, m2; /* * Maximum change in coefficients is determined by scale factor. * Since we rounded during division (see digitize.c), the biggest * permitted change is scale/2. */ smax = (scale >> 1); if (smax <= 0) return; ny2 = ny << 1; /* * We're indexing a as a 2-D array with dimensions (nxtop,ny) of which * only (nxtop,nytop) are used. The coefficients on the edge of the * array are not adjusted (which is why the loops below start at 2 * instead of 0 and end at nxtop-2 instead of nxtop.) */ /* * Adjust x difference hx */ for (i = 2; i=0, dmin<=0. */ if (dmin < dmax) { diff = max( min(diff, dmax), dmin); /* * Compute change in slope limited to range +/- smax. * Careful with rounding negative numbers when using * shift for divide by 8. */ s = diff-(a[s10]<<3); s = (s>=0) ? (s>>3) : ((s+7)>>3) ; s = max( min(s, smax), -smax); a[s10] = a[s10]+s; } s00 += 2; s10 += 2; } } /* * Adjust y difference hy */ for (i = 0; i=0) ? (s>>3) : ((s+7)>>3) ; s = max( min(s, smax), -smax); a[s00+1] = a[s00+1]+s; } s00 += 2; s10 += 2; } } /* * Adjust curvature difference hc */ for (i = 2; i=0, dmin<=0. */ if (dmin < dmax) { diff = max( min(diff, dmax), dmin); /* * Compute change in slope limited to range +/- smax. * Careful with rounding negative numbers when using * shift for divide by 64. */ s = diff-(a[s10+1]<<6); s = (s>=0) ? (s>>6) : ((s+63)>>6) ; s = max( min(s, smax), -smax); a[s10+1] = a[s10+1]+s; } s00 += 2; s10 += 2; } } } /* ############################################################################ */ /* ############################################################################ */ /* Copyright (c) 1993 Association of Universities for Research * in Astronomy. All rights reserved. Produced under National * Aeronautics and Space Administration Contract No. NAS5-26555. */ /* undigitize.c undigitize H-transform * * Programmer: R. White Date: 9 May 1991 */ /* ############################################################################ */ static void undigitize(int a[], int nx, int ny, int scale) { int *p; /* * multiply by scale */ if (scale <= 1) return; for (p=a; p <= &a[nx*ny-1]; p++) *p = (*p)*scale; } /* ############################################################################ */ static void undigitize64(LONGLONG a[], int nx, int ny, int scale) { LONGLONG *p, scale64; /* * multiply by scale */ if (scale <= 1) return; scale64 = (LONGLONG) scale; /* use a 64-bit int for efficiency in the big loop */ for (p=a; p <= &a[nx*ny-1]; p++) *p = (*p)*scale64; } /* ############################################################################ */ /* ############################################################################ */ /* Copyright (c) 1993 Association of Universities for Research * in Astronomy. All rights reserved. Produced under National * Aeronautics and Space Administration Contract No. NAS5-26555. */ /* decode.c read codes from infile and construct array * * Programmer: R. White Date: 2 February 1994 */ static char code_magic[2] = { (char)0xDD, (char)0x99 }; /* ############################################################################ */ static int decode(unsigned char *infile, int *a, int *nx, int *ny, int *scale) /* char *infile; input file int *a; address of output array [nx][ny] int *nx,*ny; size of output array int *scale; scale factor for digitization */ { LONGLONG sumall; int stat; unsigned char nbitplanes[3]; char tmagic[2]; /* initialize the byte read position to the beginning of the array */; nextchar = 0; /* * File starts either with special 2-byte magic code or with * FITS keyword "SIMPLE =" */ qread(infile, tmagic, sizeof(tmagic)); /* * check for correct magic code value */ if (memcmp(tmagic,code_magic,sizeof(code_magic)) != 0) { ffpmsg("bad file format"); return(DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } *nx =readint(infile); /* x size of image */ *ny =readint(infile); /* y size of image */ *scale=readint(infile); /* scale factor for digitization */ /* sum of all pixels */ sumall=readlonglong(infile); /* # bits in quadrants */ qread(infile, (char *) nbitplanes, sizeof(nbitplanes)); stat = dodecode(infile, a, *nx, *ny, nbitplanes); /* * put sum of all pixels back into pixel 0 */ a[0] = (int) sumall; return(stat); } /* ############################################################################ */ static int decode64(unsigned char *infile, LONGLONG *a, int *nx, int *ny, int *scale) /* char *infile; input file LONGLONG *a; address of output array [nx][ny] int *nx,*ny; size of output array int *scale; scale factor for digitization */ { int stat; LONGLONG sumall; unsigned char nbitplanes[3]; char tmagic[2]; /* initialize the byte read position to the beginning of the array */; nextchar = 0; /* * File starts either with special 2-byte magic code or with * FITS keyword "SIMPLE =" */ qread(infile, tmagic, sizeof(tmagic)); /* * check for correct magic code value */ if (memcmp(tmagic,code_magic,sizeof(code_magic)) != 0) { ffpmsg("bad file format"); return(DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } *nx =readint(infile); /* x size of image */ *ny =readint(infile); /* y size of image */ *scale=readint(infile); /* scale factor for digitization */ /* sum of all pixels */ sumall=readlonglong(infile); /* # bits in quadrants */ qread(infile, (char *) nbitplanes, sizeof(nbitplanes)); stat = dodecode64(infile, a, *nx, *ny, nbitplanes); /* * put sum of all pixels back into pixel 0 */ a[0] = sumall; return(stat); } /* ############################################################################ */ /* ############################################################################ */ /* Copyright (c) 1993 Association of Universities for Research * in Astronomy. All rights reserved. Produced under National * Aeronautics and Space Administration Contract No. NAS5-26555. */ /* dodecode.c Decode stream of characters on infile and return array * * This version encodes the different quadrants separately * * Programmer: R. White Date: 9 May 1991 */ /* ############################################################################ */ static int dodecode(unsigned char *infile, int a[], int nx, int ny, unsigned char nbitplanes[3]) /* int a[]; int nx,ny; Array dimensions are [nx][ny] unsigned char nbitplanes[3]; Number of bit planes in quadrants */ { int i, nel, nx2, ny2, stat; nel = nx*ny; nx2 = (nx+1)/2; ny2 = (ny+1)/2; /* * initialize a to zero */ for (i=0; inqy) ? nqx : nqy; log2n = (int) (log((float) nqmax)/log(2.0)+0.5); if (nqmax > (1<= 0; bit--) { /* * Was bitplane was quadtree-coded or written directly? */ b = input_nybble(infile); if(b == 0) { /* * bit map was written directly */ read_bdirect(infile,a,n,nqx,nqy,scratch,bit); } else if (b != 0xf) { ffpmsg("qtree_decode: bad format code"); return(DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } else { /* * bitmap was quadtree-coded, do log2n expansions * * read first code */ scratch[0] = input_huffman(infile); /* * now do log2n expansions, reading codes from file as necessary */ nx = 1; ny = 1; nfx = nqx; nfy = nqy; c = 1<>1; nx = nx<<1; ny = ny<<1; if (nfx <= c) { nx -= 1; } else { nfx -= c; } if (nfy <= c) { ny -= 1; } else { nfy -= c; } qtree_expand(infile,scratch,nx,ny,scratch); } /* * now copy last set of 4-bit codes to bitplane bit of array a */ qtree_bitins(scratch,nqx,nqy,a,n,bit); } } free(scratch); return(0); } /* ############################################################################ */ static int qtree_decode64(unsigned char *infile, LONGLONG a[], int n, int nqx, int nqy, int nbitplanes) /* char *infile; LONGLONG a[]; a is 2-D array with dimensions (n,n) int n; length of full row in a int nqx; partial length of row to decode int nqy; partial length of column (<=n) int nbitplanes; number of bitplanes to decode */ { int log2n, k, bit, b, nqmax; int nx,ny,nfx,nfy,c; int nqx2, nqy2; unsigned char *scratch; /* * log2n is log2 of max(nqx,nqy) rounded up to next power of 2 */ nqmax = (nqx>nqy) ? nqx : nqy; log2n = (int) (log((float) nqmax)/log(2.0)+0.5); if (nqmax > (1<= 0; bit--) { /* * Was bitplane was quadtree-coded or written directly? */ b = input_nybble(infile); if(b == 0) { /* * bit map was written directly */ read_bdirect64(infile,a,n,nqx,nqy,scratch,bit); } else if (b != 0xf) { ffpmsg("qtree_decode64: bad format code"); return(DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } else { /* * bitmap was quadtree-coded, do log2n expansions * * read first code */ scratch[0] = input_huffman(infile); /* * now do log2n expansions, reading codes from file as necessary */ nx = 1; ny = 1; nfx = nqx; nfy = nqy; c = 1<>1; nx = nx<<1; ny = ny<<1; if (nfx <= c) { nx -= 1; } else { nfx -= c; } if (nfy <= c) { ny -= 1; } else { nfy -= c; } qtree_expand(infile,scratch,nx,ny,scratch); } /* * now copy last set of 4-bit codes to bitplane bit of array a */ qtree_bitins64(scratch,nqx,nqy,a,n,bit); } } free(scratch); return(0); } /* ############################################################################ */ /* * do one quadtree expansion step on array a[(nqx+1)/2,(nqy+1)/2] * results put into b[nqx,nqy] (which may be the same as a) */ static void qtree_expand(unsigned char *infile, unsigned char a[], int nx, int ny, unsigned char b[]) { int i; /* * first copy a to b, expanding each 4-bit value */ qtree_copy(a,nx,ny,b,ny); /* * now read new 4-bit values into b for each non-zero element */ for (i = nx*ny-1; i >= 0; i--) { if (b[i]) b[i] = input_huffman(infile); } } /* ############################################################################ */ /* * copy 4-bit values from a[(nx+1)/2,(ny+1)/2] to b[nx,ny], expanding * each value to 2x2 pixels * a,b may be same array */ static void qtree_copy(unsigned char a[], int nx, int ny, unsigned char b[], int n) /* int n; declared y dimension of b */ { int i, j, k, nx2, ny2; int s00, s10; /* * first copy 4-bit values to b * start at end in case a,b are same array */ nx2 = (nx+1)/2; ny2 = (ny+1)/2; k = ny2*(nx2-1)+ny2-1; /* k is index of a[i,j] */ for (i = nx2-1; i >= 0; i--) { s00 = 2*(n*i+ny2-1); /* s00 is index of b[2*i,2*j] */ for (j = ny2-1; j >= 0; j--) { b[s00] = a[k]; k -= 1; s00 -= 2; } } /* * now expand each 2x2 block */ for (i = 0; i>1) & 1; b[s00+1] = (b[s00]>>2) & 1; b[s00 ] = (b[s00]>>3) & 1; */ s00 += 2; s10 += 2; } if (j < ny) { /* * row size is odd, do last element in row * s00+1, s10+1 are off edge */ /* not worth converting this to use 16 case statements */ b[s10 ] = (b[s00]>>1) & 1; b[s00 ] = (b[s00]>>3) & 1; } } if (i < nx) { /* * column size is odd, do last row * s10, s10+1 are off edge */ s00 = n*i; for (j = 0; j>2) & 1; b[s00 ] = (b[s00]>>3) & 1; s00 += 2; } if (j < ny) { /* * both row and column size are odd, do corner element * s00+1, s10, s10+1 are off edge */ /* not worth converting this to use 16 case statements */ b[s00 ] = (b[s00]>>3) & 1; } } } /* ############################################################################ */ /* * Copy 4-bit values from a[(nx+1)/2,(ny+1)/2] to b[nx,ny], expanding * each value to 2x2 pixels and inserting into bitplane BIT of B. * A,B may NOT be same array (it wouldn't make sense to be inserting * bits into the same array anyway.) */ static void qtree_bitins(unsigned char a[], int nx, int ny, int b[], int n, int bit) /* int n; declared y dimension of b */ { int i, j, k; int s00; int plane_val; plane_val = 1 << bit; /* * expand each 2x2 block */ k = 0; /* k is index of a[i/2,j/2] */ for (i = 0; i>1) & 1) << bit; b[s00+1] |= ((a[k]>>2) & 1) << bit; b[s00 ] |= ((a[k]>>3) & 1) << bit; */ s00 += 2; /* s10 += 2; */ k += 1; } if (j < ny) { /* * row size is odd, do last element in row * s00+1, s10+1 are off edge */ switch (a[k]) { case(0): break; case(1): break; case(2): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; break; case(3): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; break; case(4): break; case(5): break; case(6): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; break; case(7): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; break; case(8): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(9): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(10): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(11): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(12): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(13): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(14): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(15): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; } /* b[s10 ] |= ((a[k]>>1) & 1) << bit; b[s00 ] |= ((a[k]>>3) & 1) << bit; */ k += 1; } } if (i < nx) { /* * column size is odd, do last row * s10, s10+1 are off edge */ s00 = n*i; for (j = 0; j>2) & 1) << bit; b[s00 ] |= ((a[k]>>3) & 1) << bit; */ s00 += 2; k += 1; } if (j < ny) { /* * both row and column size are odd, do corner element * s00+1, s10, s10+1 are off edge */ switch (a[k]) { case(0): break; case(1): break; case(2): break; case(3): break; case(4): break; case(5): break; case(6): break; case(7): break; case(8): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(9): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(10): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(11): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(12): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(13): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(14): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(15): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; } /* b[s00 ] |= ((a[k]>>3) & 1) << bit; */ k += 1; } } } /* ############################################################################ */ /* * Copy 4-bit values from a[(nx+1)/2,(ny+1)/2] to b[nx,ny], expanding * each value to 2x2 pixels and inserting into bitplane BIT of B. * A,B may NOT be same array (it wouldn't make sense to be inserting * bits into the same array anyway.) */ static void qtree_bitins64(unsigned char a[], int nx, int ny, LONGLONG b[], int n, int bit) /* int n; declared y dimension of b */ { int i, j, k; int s00; LONGLONG plane_val; plane_val = ((LONGLONG) 1) << bit; /* * expand each 2x2 block */ k = 0; /* k is index of a[i/2,j/2] */ for (i = 0; i>1) & 1) << bit; b[s00+1] |= ((((LONGLONG)a[k])>>2) & 1) << bit; b[s00 ] |= ((((LONGLONG)a[k])>>3) & 1) << bit; */ s00 += 2; /* s10 += 2; */ k += 1; } if (j < ny) { /* * row size is odd, do last element in row * s00+1, s10+1 are off edge */ switch (a[k]) { case(0): break; case(1): break; case(2): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; break; case(3): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; break; case(4): break; case(5): break; case(6): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; break; case(7): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; break; case(8): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(9): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(10): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(11): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(12): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(13): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(14): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(15): b[s00+n ] |= plane_val; b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; } /* b[s10 ] |= ((((LONGLONG)a[k])>>1) & 1) << bit; b[s00 ] |= ((((LONGLONG)a[k])>>3) & 1) << bit; */ k += 1; } } if (i < nx) { /* * column size is odd, do last row * s10, s10+1 are off edge */ s00 = n*i; for (j = 0; j>2) & 1) << bit; b[s00 ] |= ((((LONGLONG)a[k])>>3) & 1) << bit; */ s00 += 2; k += 1; } if (j < ny) { /* * both row and column size are odd, do corner element * s00+1, s10, s10+1 are off edge */ switch (a[k]) { case(0): break; case(1): break; case(2): break; case(3): break; case(4): break; case(5): break; case(6): break; case(7): break; case(8): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(9): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(10): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(11): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(12): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(13): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(14): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; case(15): b[s00 ] |= plane_val; break; } /* b[s00 ] |= ((((LONGLONG)a[k])>>3) & 1) << bit; */ k += 1; } } } /* ############################################################################ */ static void read_bdirect(unsigned char *infile, int a[], int n, int nqx, int nqy, unsigned char scratch[], int bit) { /* * read bit image packed 4 pixels/nybble */ /* int i; for (i = 0; i < ((nqx+1)/2) * ((nqy+1)/2); i++) { scratch[i] = input_nybble(infile); } */ input_nnybble(infile, ((nqx+1)/2) * ((nqy+1)/2), scratch); /* * insert in bitplane BIT of image A */ qtree_bitins(scratch,nqx,nqy,a,n,bit); } /* ############################################################################ */ static void read_bdirect64(unsigned char *infile, LONGLONG a[], int n, int nqx, int nqy, unsigned char scratch[], int bit) { /* * read bit image packed 4 pixels/nybble */ /* int i; for (i = 0; i < ((nqx+1)/2) * ((nqy+1)/2); i++) { scratch[i] = input_nybble(infile); } */ input_nnybble(infile, ((nqx+1)/2) * ((nqy+1)/2), scratch); /* * insert in bitplane BIT of image A */ qtree_bitins64(scratch,nqx,nqy,a,n,bit); } /* ############################################################################ */ /* * Huffman decoding for fixed codes * * Coded values range from 0-15 * * Huffman code values (hex): * * 3e, 00, 01, 08, 02, 09, 1a, 1b, * 03, 1c, 0a, 1d, 0b, 1e, 3f, 0c * * and number of bits in each code: * * 6, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, * 3, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4 */ static int input_huffman(unsigned char *infile) { int c; /* * get first 3 bits to start */ c = input_nbits(infile,3); if (c < 4) { /* * this is all we need * return 1,2,4,8 for c=0,1,2,3 */ return(1<>bits_to_go) & 1); } /* ############################################################################ */ /* INPUT N BITS (N must be <= 8) */ static int input_nbits(unsigned char *infile, int n) { /* AND mask for retreiving the right-most n bits */ static int mask[9] = {0, 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255}; if (bits_to_go < n) { /* * need another byte's worth of bits */ buffer2 = (buffer2<<8) | (int) infile[nextchar]; nextchar++; bits_to_go += 8; } /* * now pick off the first n bits */ bits_to_go -= n; /* there was a slight gain in speed by replacing the following line */ /* return( (buffer2>>bits_to_go) & ((1<>bits_to_go) & (*(mask+n)) ); } /* ############################################################################ */ /* INPUT 4 BITS */ static int input_nybble(unsigned char *infile) { if (bits_to_go < 4) { /* * need another byte's worth of bits */ buffer2 = (buffer2<<8) | (int) infile[nextchar]; nextchar++; bits_to_go += 8; } /* * now pick off the first 4 bits */ bits_to_go -= 4; return( (buffer2>>bits_to_go) & 15 ); } /* ############################################################################ */ /* INPUT array of 4 BITS */ static int input_nnybble(unsigned char *infile, int n, unsigned char array[]) { /* copy n 4-bit nybbles from infile to the lower 4 bits of array */ int ii, kk, shift1, shift2; /* forcing byte alignment doesn;t help, and even makes it go slightly slower if (bits_to_go != 8) input_nbits(infile, bits_to_go); */ if (n == 1) { array[0] = input_nybble(infile); return(0); } if (bits_to_go == 8) { /* already have 2 full nybbles in buffer2, so backspace the infile array to reuse last char */ nextchar--; bits_to_go = 0; } /* bits_to_go now has a value in the range 0 - 7. 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SOURCE=uncompr.c "$(INTDIR)\uncompr.obj" : $(SOURCE) "$(INTDIR)" !ENDIF $(DEF_FILE): WINDUMP: nmake -f winDumpExts.mak cfitsio-4.3.1/fits_hcompress.c0000644000225700000360000013375213472024437015662 0ustar cagordonlhea/* ######################################################################### These routines to apply the H-compress compression algorithm to a 2-D Fits image were written by R. White at the STScI and were obtained from the STScI at http://www.stsci.edu/software/hcompress.html This source file is a concatination of the following sources files in the original distribution htrans.c digitize.c encode.c qwrite.c doencode.c bit_output.c qtree_encode.c The following modifications have been made to the original code: - commented out redundant "include" statements - added the noutchar global variable - changed all the 'extern' declarations to 'static', since all the routines are in the same source file - changed the first parameter in encode (and in lower level routines from a file stream to a char array - modifid the encode routine to return the size of the compressed array of bytes - changed calls to printf and perror to call the CFITSIO ffpmsg routine - modified the mywrite routine, and lower level byte writing routines, to copy the output bytes to a char array, instead of writing them to a file stream - replace "exit" statements with "return" statements - changed the function declarations to the more modern ANSI C style ############################################################################ */ #include #include #include #include #include "fitsio2.h" static long noutchar; static long noutmax; static int htrans(int a[],int nx,int ny); static void digitize(int a[], int nx, int ny, int scale); static int encode(char *outfile, long *nlen, int a[], int nx, int ny, int scale); static void shuffle(int a[], int n, int n2, int tmp[]); static int htrans64(LONGLONG a[],int nx,int ny); static void digitize64(LONGLONG a[], int nx, int ny, int scale); static int encode64(char *outfile, long *nlen, LONGLONG a[], int nx, int ny, int scale); static void shuffle64(LONGLONG a[], int n, int n2, LONGLONG tmp[]); static void writeint(char *outfile, int a); static void writelonglong(char *outfile, LONGLONG a); static int doencode(char *outfile, int a[], int nx, int ny, unsigned char nbitplanes[3]); static int doencode64(char *outfile, LONGLONG a[], int nx, int ny, unsigned char nbitplanes[3]); static int qwrite(char *file, char buffer[], int n); static int qtree_encode(char *outfile, int a[], int n, int nqx, int nqy, int nbitplanes); static int qtree_encode64(char *outfile, LONGLONG a[], int n, int nqx, int nqy, int nbitplanes); static void start_outputing_bits(void); static void done_outputing_bits(char *outfile); static void output_nbits(char *outfile, int bits, int n); static void qtree_onebit(int a[], int n, int nx, int ny, unsigned char b[], int bit); static void qtree_onebit64(LONGLONG a[], int n, int nx, int ny, unsigned char b[], int bit); static void qtree_reduce(unsigned char a[], int n, int nx, int ny, unsigned char b[]); static int bufcopy(unsigned char a[], int n, unsigned char buffer[], int *b, int bmax); static void write_bdirect(char *outfile, int a[], int n,int nqx, int nqy, unsigned char scratch[], int bit); static void write_bdirect64(char *outfile, LONGLONG a[], int n,int nqx, int nqy, unsigned char scratch[], int bit); /* #define output_nybble(outfile,c) output_nbits(outfile,c,4) */ static void output_nybble(char *outfile, int bits); static void output_nnybble(char *outfile, int n, unsigned char array[]); #define output_huffman(outfile,c) output_nbits(outfile,code[c],ncode[c]) /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ int fits_hcompress(int *a, int ny, int nx, int scale, char *output, long *nbytes, int *status) { /* compress the input image using the H-compress algorithm a - input image array nx - size of X axis of image ny - size of Y axis of image scale - quantization scale factor. Larger values results in more (lossy) compression scale = 0 does lossless compression output - pre-allocated array to hold the output compressed stream of bytes nbyts - input value = size of the output buffer; returned value = size of the compressed byte stream, in bytes NOTE: the nx and ny dimensions as defined within this code are reversed from the usual FITS notation. ny is the fastest varying dimension, which is usually considered the X axis in the FITS image display */ int stat; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* H-transform */ stat = htrans(a, nx, ny); if (stat) { *status = stat; return(*status); } /* digitize */ digitize(a, nx, ny, scale); /* encode and write to output array */ FFLOCK; noutmax = *nbytes; /* input value is the allocated size of the array */ *nbytes = 0; /* reset */ stat = encode(output, nbytes, a, nx, ny, scale); FFUNLOCK; *status = stat; return(*status); } /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ int fits_hcompress64(LONGLONG *a, int ny, int nx, int scale, char *output, long *nbytes, int *status) { /* compress the input image using the H-compress algorithm a - input image array nx - size of X axis of image ny - size of Y axis of image scale - quantization scale factor. Larger values results in more (lossy) compression scale = 0 does lossless compression output - pre-allocated array to hold the output compressed stream of bytes nbyts - size of the compressed byte stream, in bytes NOTE: the nx and ny dimensions as defined within this code are reversed from the usual FITS notation. ny is the fastest varying dimension, which is usually considered the X axis in the FITS image display */ int stat; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* H-transform */ stat = htrans64(a, nx, ny); if (stat) { *status = stat; return(*status); } /* digitize */ digitize64(a, nx, ny, scale); /* encode and write to output array */ FFLOCK; noutmax = *nbytes; /* input value is the allocated size of the array */ *nbytes = 0; /* reset */ stat = encode64(output, nbytes, a, nx, ny, scale); FFUNLOCK; *status = stat; return(*status); } /* Copyright (c) 1993 Association of Universities for Research * in Astronomy. All rights reserved. Produced under National * Aeronautics and Space Administration Contract No. NAS5-26555. */ /* htrans.c H-transform of NX x NY integer image * * Programmer: R. White Date: 11 May 1992 */ /* ######################################################################### */ static int htrans(int a[],int nx,int ny) { int nmax, log2n, h0, hx, hy, hc, nxtop, nytop, i, j, k; int oddx, oddy; int shift, mask, mask2, prnd, prnd2, nrnd2; int s10, s00; int *tmp; /* * log2n is log2 of max(nx,ny) rounded up to next power of 2 */ nmax = (nx>ny) ? nx : ny; log2n = (int) (log((float) nmax)/log(2.0)+0.5); if ( nmax > (1<> shift; hx = (a[s10+1] + a[s10] - a[s00+1] - a[s00]) >> shift; hy = (a[s10+1] - a[s10] + a[s00+1] - a[s00]) >> shift; hc = (a[s10+1] - a[s10] - a[s00+1] + a[s00]) >> shift; /* * Throw away the 2 bottom bits of h0, bottom bit of hx,hy. * To get rounding to be same for positive and negative * numbers, nrnd2 = prnd2 - 1. */ a[s10+1] = hc; a[s10 ] = ( (hx>=0) ? (hx+prnd) : hx ) & mask ; a[s00+1] = ( (hy>=0) ? (hy+prnd) : hy ) & mask ; a[s00 ] = ( (h0>=0) ? (h0+prnd2) : (h0+nrnd2) ) & mask2; s00 += 2; s10 += 2; } if (oddy) { /* * do last element in row if row length is odd * s00+1, s10+1 are off edge */ h0 = (a[s10] + a[s00]) << (1-shift); hx = (a[s10] - a[s00]) << (1-shift); a[s10 ] = ( (hx>=0) ? (hx+prnd) : hx ) & mask ; a[s00 ] = ( (h0>=0) ? (h0+prnd2) : (h0+nrnd2) ) & mask2; s00 += 1; s10 += 1; } } if (oddx) { /* * do last row if column length is odd * s10, s10+1 are off edge */ s00 = i*ny; for (j = 0; j=0) ? (hy+prnd) : hy ) & mask ; a[s00 ] = ( (h0>=0) ? (h0+prnd2) : (h0+nrnd2) ) & mask2; s00 += 2; } if (oddy) { /* * do corner element if both row and column lengths are odd * s00+1, s10, s10+1 are off edge */ h0 = a[s00] << (2-shift); a[s00 ] = ( (h0>=0) ? (h0+prnd2) : (h0+nrnd2) ) & mask2; } } /* * now shuffle in each dimension to group coefficients by order */ for (i = 0; i>1; nytop = (nytop+1)>>1; /* * divisor doubles after first reduction */ shift = 1; /* * masks, rounding values double after each iteration */ mask = mask2; prnd = prnd2; mask2 = mask2 << 1; prnd2 = prnd2 << 1; nrnd2 = prnd2 - 1; } free(tmp); return(0); } /* ######################################################################### */ static int htrans64(LONGLONG a[],int nx,int ny) { int nmax, log2n, nxtop, nytop, i, j, k; int oddx, oddy; int shift; int s10, s00; LONGLONG h0, hx, hy, hc, prnd, prnd2, nrnd2, mask, mask2; LONGLONG *tmp; /* * log2n is log2 of max(nx,ny) rounded up to next power of 2 */ nmax = (nx>ny) ? nx : ny; log2n = (int) (log((float) nmax)/log(2.0)+0.5); if ( nmax > (1<> shift; hx = (a[s10+1] + a[s10] - a[s00+1] - a[s00]) >> shift; hy = (a[s10+1] - a[s10] + a[s00+1] - a[s00]) >> shift; hc = (a[s10+1] - a[s10] - a[s00+1] + a[s00]) >> shift; /* * Throw away the 2 bottom bits of h0, bottom bit of hx,hy. * To get rounding to be same for positive and negative * numbers, nrnd2 = prnd2 - 1. */ a[s10+1] = hc; a[s10 ] = ( (hx>=0) ? (hx+prnd) : hx ) & mask ; a[s00+1] = ( (hy>=0) ? (hy+prnd) : hy ) & mask ; a[s00 ] = ( (h0>=0) ? (h0+prnd2) : (h0+nrnd2) ) & mask2; s00 += 2; s10 += 2; } if (oddy) { /* * do last element in row if row length is odd * s00+1, s10+1 are off edge */ h0 = (a[s10] + a[s00]) << (1-shift); hx = (a[s10] - a[s00]) << (1-shift); a[s10 ] = ( (hx>=0) ? (hx+prnd) : hx ) & mask ; a[s00 ] = ( (h0>=0) ? (h0+prnd2) : (h0+nrnd2) ) & mask2; s00 += 1; s10 += 1; } } if (oddx) { /* * do last row if column length is odd * s10, s10+1 are off edge */ s00 = i*ny; for (j = 0; j=0) ? (hy+prnd) : hy ) & mask ; a[s00 ] = ( (h0>=0) ? (h0+prnd2) : (h0+nrnd2) ) & mask2; s00 += 2; } if (oddy) { /* * do corner element if both row and column lengths are odd * s00+1, s10, s10+1 are off edge */ h0 = a[s00] << (2-shift); a[s00 ] = ( (h0>=0) ? (h0+prnd2) : (h0+nrnd2) ) & mask2; } } /* * now shuffle in each dimension to group coefficients by order */ for (i = 0; i>1; nytop = (nytop+1)>>1; /* * divisor doubles after first reduction */ shift = 1; /* * masks, rounding values double after each iteration */ mask = mask2; prnd = prnd2; mask2 = mask2 << 1; prnd2 = prnd2 << 1; nrnd2 = prnd2 - 1; } free(tmp); return(0); } /* ######################################################################### */ static void shuffle(int a[], int n, int n2, int tmp[]) { /* int a[]; array to shuffle int n; number of elements to shuffle int n2; second dimension int tmp[]; scratch storage */ int i; int *p1, *p2, *pt; /* * copy odd elements to tmp */ pt = tmp; p1 = &a[n2]; for (i=1; i < n; i += 2) { *pt = *p1; pt += 1; p1 += (n2+n2); } /* * compress even elements into first half of A */ p1 = &a[n2]; p2 = &a[n2+n2]; for (i=2; i0) ? (*p+d) : (*p-d))/scale; } /* ######################################################################### */ static void digitize64(LONGLONG a[], int nx, int ny, int scale) { LONGLONG d, *p, scale64; /* * round to multiple of scale */ if (scale <= 1) return; d=(scale+1)/2-1; scale64 = scale; /* use a 64-bit int for efficiency in the big loop */ for (p=a; p <= &a[nx*ny-1]; p++) *p = ((*p>0) ? (*p+d) : (*p-d))/scale64; } /* ######################################################################### */ /* ######################################################################### */ /* Copyright (c) 1993 Association of Universities for Research * in Astronomy. All rights reserved. Produced under National * Aeronautics and Space Administration Contract No. NAS5-26555. */ /* encode.c encode H-transform and write to outfile * * Programmer: R. White Date: 2 February 1994 */ static char code_magic[2] = { (char)0xDD, (char)0x99 }; /* ######################################################################### */ static int encode(char *outfile, long *nlength, int a[], int nx, int ny, int scale) { /* FILE *outfile; - change outfile to a char array */ /* long * nlength returned length (in bytes) of the encoded array) int a[]; input H-transform array (nx,ny) int nx,ny; size of H-transform array int scale; scale factor for digitization */ int nel, nx2, ny2, i, j, k, q, vmax[3], nsign, bits_to_go; unsigned char nbitplanes[3]; unsigned char *signbits; int stat; noutchar = 0; /* initialize the number of compressed bytes that have been written */ nel = nx*ny; /* * write magic value */ qwrite(outfile, code_magic, sizeof(code_magic)); writeint(outfile, nx); /* size of image */ writeint(outfile, ny); writeint(outfile, scale); /* scale factor for digitization */ /* * write first value of A (sum of all pixels -- the only value * which does not compress well) */ writelonglong(outfile, (LONGLONG) a[0]); a[0] = 0; /* * allocate array for sign bits and save values, 8 per byte (initialize to all zeros) */ signbits = (unsigned char *) calloc(1, (nel+7)/8); if (signbits == (unsigned char *) NULL) { ffpmsg("encode: insufficient memory"); return(DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } nsign = 0; bits_to_go = 8; /* signbits[0] = 0; */ for (i=0; i 0) { /* * positive element, put zero at end of buffer */ signbits[nsign] <<= 1; bits_to_go -= 1; } else if (a[i] < 0) { /* * negative element, shift in a one */ signbits[nsign] <<= 1; signbits[nsign] |= 1; bits_to_go -= 1; /* * replace a by absolute value */ a[i] = -a[i]; } if (bits_to_go == 0) { /* * filled up this byte, go to the next one */ bits_to_go = 8; nsign += 1; /* signbits[nsign] = 0; */ } } if (bits_to_go != 8) { /* * some bits in last element * move bits in last byte to bottom and increment nsign */ signbits[nsign] <<= bits_to_go; nsign += 1; } /* * calculate number of bit planes for 3 quadrants * * quadrant 0=bottom left, 1=bottom right or top left, 2=top right, */ for (q=0; q<3; q++) { vmax[q] = 0; } /* * get maximum absolute value in each quadrant */ nx2 = (nx+1)/2; ny2 = (ny+1)/2; j=0; /* column counter */ k=0; /* row counter */ for (i=0; i=ny2) + (k>=nx2); if (vmax[q] < a[i]) vmax[q] = a[i]; if (++j >= ny) { j = 0; k += 1; } } /* * now calculate number of bits for each quadrant */ /* this is a more efficient way to do this, */ for (q = 0; q < 3; q++) { for (nbitplanes[q] = 0; vmax[q]>0; vmax[q] = vmax[q]>>1, nbitplanes[q]++) ; } /* for (q = 0; q < 3; q++) { nbitplanes[q] = (int) (log((float) (vmax[q]+1))/log(2.0)+0.5); if ( (vmax[q]+1) > (1< 0) { if ( 0 == qwrite(outfile, (char *) signbits, nsign)) { free(signbits); *nlength = noutchar; ffpmsg("encode: output buffer too small"); return(DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } } free(signbits); *nlength = noutchar; if (noutchar >= noutmax) { ffpmsg("encode: output buffer too small"); return(DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } return(stat); } /* ######################################################################### */ static int encode64(char *outfile, long *nlength, LONGLONG a[], int nx, int ny, int scale) { /* FILE *outfile; - change outfile to a char array */ /* long * nlength returned length (in bytes) of the encoded array) LONGLONG a[]; input H-transform array (nx,ny) int nx,ny; size of H-transform array int scale; scale factor for digitization */ int nel, nx2, ny2, i, j, k, q, nsign, bits_to_go; LONGLONG vmax[3]; unsigned char nbitplanes[3]; unsigned char *signbits; int stat; noutchar = 0; /* initialize the number of compressed bytes that have been written */ nel = nx*ny; /* * write magic value */ qwrite(outfile, code_magic, sizeof(code_magic)); writeint(outfile, nx); /* size of image */ writeint(outfile, ny); writeint(outfile, scale); /* scale factor for digitization */ /* * write first value of A (sum of all pixels -- the only value * which does not compress well) */ writelonglong(outfile, a[0]); a[0] = 0; /* * allocate array for sign bits and save values, 8 per byte */ signbits = (unsigned char *) calloc(1, (nel+7)/8); if (signbits == (unsigned char *) NULL) { ffpmsg("encode64: insufficient memory"); return(DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } nsign = 0; bits_to_go = 8; /* signbits[0] = 0; */ for (i=0; i 0) { /* * positive element, put zero at end of buffer */ signbits[nsign] <<= 1; bits_to_go -= 1; } else if (a[i] < 0) { /* * negative element, shift in a one */ signbits[nsign] <<= 1; signbits[nsign] |= 1; bits_to_go -= 1; /* * replace a by absolute value */ a[i] = -a[i]; } if (bits_to_go == 0) { /* * filled up this byte, go to the next one */ bits_to_go = 8; nsign += 1; /* signbits[nsign] = 0; */ } } if (bits_to_go != 8) { /* * some bits in last element * move bits in last byte to bottom and increment nsign */ signbits[nsign] <<= bits_to_go; nsign += 1; } /* * calculate number of bit planes for 3 quadrants * * quadrant 0=bottom left, 1=bottom right or top left, 2=top right, */ for (q=0; q<3; q++) { vmax[q] = 0; } /* * get maximum absolute value in each quadrant */ nx2 = (nx+1)/2; ny2 = (ny+1)/2; j=0; /* column counter */ k=0; /* row counter */ for (i=0; i=ny2) + (k>=nx2); if (vmax[q] < a[i]) vmax[q] = a[i]; if (++j >= ny) { j = 0; k += 1; } } /* * now calculate number of bits for each quadrant */ /* this is a more efficient way to do this, */ for (q = 0; q < 3; q++) { for (nbitplanes[q] = 0; vmax[q]>0; vmax[q] = vmax[q]>>1, nbitplanes[q]++) ; } /* for (q = 0; q < 3; q++) { nbitplanes[q] = log((float) (vmax[q]+1))/log(2.0)+0.5; if ( (vmax[q]+1) > (((LONGLONG) 1)< 0) { if ( 0 == qwrite(outfile, (char *) signbits, nsign)) { free(signbits); *nlength = noutchar; ffpmsg("encode: output buffer too small"); return(DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } } free(signbits); *nlength = noutchar; if (noutchar >= noutmax) { ffpmsg("encode64: output buffer too small"); return(DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } return(stat); } /* ######################################################################### */ /* ######################################################################### */ /* Copyright (c) 1993 Association of Universities for Research * in Astronomy. All rights reserved. Produced under National * Aeronautics and Space Administration Contract No. NAS5-26555. */ /* qwrite.c Write binary data * * Programmer: R. White Date: 11 March 1991 */ /* ######################################################################### */ static void writeint(char *outfile, int a) { int i; unsigned char b[4]; /* Write integer A one byte at a time to outfile. * * This is portable from Vax to Sun since it eliminates the * need for byte-swapping. */ for (i=3; i>=0; i--) { b[i] = a & 0x000000ff; a >>= 8; } for (i=0; i<4; i++) qwrite(outfile, (char *) &b[i],1); } /* ######################################################################### */ static void writelonglong(char *outfile, LONGLONG a) { int i; unsigned char b[8]; /* Write integer A one byte at a time to outfile. * * This is portable from Vax to Sun since it eliminates the * need for byte-swapping. */ for (i=7; i>=0; i--) { b[i] = (unsigned char) (a & 0x000000ff); a >>= 8; } for (i=0; i<8; i++) qwrite(outfile, (char *) &b[i],1); } /* ######################################################################### */ static int qwrite(char *file, char buffer[], int n){ /* * write n bytes from buffer into file * returns number of bytes read (=n) if successful, <=0 if not */ if (noutchar + n > noutmax) return(0); /* buffer overflow */ memcpy(&file[noutchar], buffer, n); noutchar += n; return(n); } /* ######################################################################### */ /* ######################################################################### */ /* Copyright (c) 1993 Association of Universities for Research * in Astronomy. All rights reserved. Produced under National * Aeronautics and Space Administration Contract No. NAS5-26555. */ /* doencode.c Encode 2-D array and write stream of characters on outfile * * This version assumes that A is positive. * * Programmer: R. White Date: 7 May 1991 */ /* ######################################################################### */ static int doencode(char *outfile, int a[], int nx, int ny, unsigned char nbitplanes[3]) { /* char *outfile; output data stream int a[]; Array of values to encode int nx,ny; Array dimensions [nx][ny] unsigned char nbitplanes[3]; Number of bit planes in quadrants */ int nx2, ny2, stat; nx2 = (nx+1)/2; ny2 = (ny+1)/2; /* * Initialize bit output */ start_outputing_bits(); /* * write out the bit planes for each quadrant */ stat = qtree_encode(outfile, &a[0], ny, nx2, ny2, nbitplanes[0]); if (!stat) stat = qtree_encode(outfile, &a[ny2], ny, nx2, ny/2, nbitplanes[1]); if (!stat) stat = qtree_encode(outfile, &a[ny*nx2], ny, nx/2, ny2, nbitplanes[1]); if (!stat) stat = qtree_encode(outfile, &a[ny*nx2+ny2], ny, nx/2, ny/2, nbitplanes[2]); /* * Add zero as an EOF symbol */ output_nybble(outfile, 0); done_outputing_bits(outfile); return(stat); } /* ######################################################################### */ static int doencode64(char *outfile, LONGLONG a[], int nx, int ny, unsigned char nbitplanes[3]) { /* char *outfile; output data stream LONGLONG a[]; Array of values to encode int nx,ny; Array dimensions [nx][ny] unsigned char nbitplanes[3]; Number of bit planes in quadrants */ int nx2, ny2, stat; nx2 = (nx+1)/2; ny2 = (ny+1)/2; /* * Initialize bit output */ start_outputing_bits(); /* * write out the bit planes for each quadrant */ stat = qtree_encode64(outfile, &a[0], ny, nx2, ny2, nbitplanes[0]); if (!stat) stat = qtree_encode64(outfile, &a[ny2], ny, nx2, ny/2, nbitplanes[1]); if (!stat) stat = qtree_encode64(outfile, &a[ny*nx2], ny, nx/2, ny2, nbitplanes[1]); if (!stat) stat = qtree_encode64(outfile, &a[ny*nx2+ny2], ny, nx/2, ny/2, nbitplanes[2]); /* * Add zero as an EOF symbol */ output_nybble(outfile, 0); done_outputing_bits(outfile); return(stat); } /* ######################################################################### */ /* ######################################################################### */ /* Copyright (c) 1993 Association of Universities for Research * in Astronomy. All rights reserved. Produced under National * Aeronautics and Space Administration Contract No. NAS5-26555. */ /* BIT OUTPUT ROUTINES */ static LONGLONG bitcount; /* THE BIT BUFFER */ static int buffer2; /* Bits buffered for output */ static int bits_to_go2; /* Number of bits free in buffer */ /* ######################################################################### */ /* INITIALIZE FOR BIT OUTPUT */ static void start_outputing_bits(void) { buffer2 = 0; /* Buffer is empty to start */ bits_to_go2 = 8; /* with */ bitcount = 0; } /* ######################################################################### */ /* OUTPUT N BITS (N must be <= 8) */ static void output_nbits(char *outfile, int bits, int n) { /* AND mask for the right-most n bits */ static int mask[9] = {0, 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255}; /* * insert bits at end of buffer */ buffer2 <<= n; /* buffer2 |= ( bits & ((1<>(-bits_to_go2)) & 0xff); if (noutchar < noutmax) noutchar++; bits_to_go2 += 8; } bitcount += n; } /* ######################################################################### */ /* OUTPUT a 4 bit nybble */ static void output_nybble(char *outfile, int bits) { /* * insert 4 bits at end of buffer */ buffer2 = (buffer2<<4) | ( bits & 15 ); bits_to_go2 -= 4; if (bits_to_go2 <= 0) { /* * buffer2 full, put out top 8 bits */ outfile[noutchar] = ((buffer2>>(-bits_to_go2)) & 0xff); if (noutchar < noutmax) noutchar++; bits_to_go2 += 8; } bitcount += 4; } /* ############################################################################ */ /* OUTPUT array of 4 BITS */ static void output_nnybble(char *outfile, int n, unsigned char array[]) { /* pack the 4 lower bits in each element of the array into the outfile array */ int ii, jj, kk = 0, shift; if (n == 1) { output_nybble(outfile, (int) array[0]); return; } /* forcing byte alignment doesn;t help, and even makes it go slightly slower if (bits_to_go2 != 8) output_nbits(outfile, kk, bits_to_go2); */ if (bits_to_go2 <= 4) { /* just room for 1 nybble; write it out separately */ output_nybble(outfile, array[0]); kk++; /* index to next array element */ if (n == 2) /* only 1 more nybble to write out */ { output_nybble(outfile, (int) array[1]); return; } } /* bits_to_go2 is now in the range 5 - 8 */ shift = 8 - bits_to_go2; /* now write out pairs of nybbles; this does not affect value of bits_to_go2 */ jj = (n - kk) / 2; if (bits_to_go2 == 8) { /* special case if nybbles are aligned on byte boundary */ /* this actually seems to make very little differnece in speed */ buffer2 = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < jj; ii++) { outfile[noutchar] = ((array[kk] & 15)<<4) | (array[kk+1] & 15); kk += 2; noutchar++; } } else { for (ii = 0; ii < jj; ii++) { buffer2 = (buffer2<<8) | ((array[kk] & 15)<<4) | (array[kk+1] & 15); kk += 2; /* buffer2 full, put out top 8 bits */ outfile[noutchar] = ((buffer2>>shift) & 0xff); noutchar++; } } bitcount += (8 * (ii - 1)); /* write out last odd nybble, if present */ if (kk != n) output_nybble(outfile, (int) array[n - 1]); return; } /* ######################################################################### */ /* FLUSH OUT THE LAST BITS */ static void done_outputing_bits(char *outfile) { if(bits_to_go2 < 8) { /* putc(buffer2<nqy) ? nqx : nqy; log2n = (int) (log((float) nqmax)/log(2.0)+0.5); if (nqmax > (1<= 0; bit--) { /* * initial bit buffer */ b = 0; bitbuffer = 0; bits_to_go3 = 0; /* * on first pass copy A to scratch array */ qtree_onebit(a,n,nqx,nqy,scratch,bit); nx = (nqx+1)>>1; ny = (nqy+1)>>1; /* * copy non-zero values to output buffer, which will be written * in reverse order */ if (bufcopy(scratch,nx*ny,buffer,&b,bmax)) { /* * quadtree is expanding data, * change warning code and just fill buffer with bit-map */ write_bdirect(outfile,a,n,nqx,nqy,scratch,bit); goto bitplane_done; } /* * do log2n reductions */ for (k = 1; k>1; ny = (ny+1)>>1; if (bufcopy(scratch,nx*ny,buffer,&b,bmax)) { write_bdirect(outfile,a,n,nqx,nqy,scratch,bit); goto bitplane_done; } } /* * OK, we've got the code in buffer * Write quadtree warning code, then write buffer in reverse order */ output_nybble(outfile,0xF); if (b==0) { if (bits_to_go3>0) { /* * put out the last few bits */ output_nbits(outfile, bitbuffer & ((1<0) { /* * put out the last few bits */ output_nbits(outfile, bitbuffer & ((1<=0; i--) { output_nbits(outfile,buffer[i],8); } } bitplane_done: ; } free(buffer); free(scratch); return(0); } /* ######################################################################### */ static int qtree_encode64(char *outfile, LONGLONG a[], int n, int nqx, int nqy, int nbitplanes) { /* LONGLONG a[]; int n; physical dimension of row in a int nqx; length of row int nqy; length of column (<=n) int nbitplanes; number of bit planes to output */ int log2n, i, k, bit, b, nqmax, nqx2, nqy2, nx, ny; int bmax; /* this potentially needs to be made a 64-bit int to support large arrays */ unsigned char *scratch, *buffer; /* * log2n is log2 of max(nqx,nqy) rounded up to next power of 2 */ nqmax = (nqx>nqy) ? nqx : nqy; log2n = (int) (log((float) nqmax)/log(2.0)+0.5); if (nqmax > (1<= 0; bit--) { /* * initial bit buffer */ b = 0; bitbuffer = 0; bits_to_go3 = 0; /* * on first pass copy A to scratch array */ qtree_onebit64(a,n,nqx,nqy,scratch,bit); nx = (nqx+1)>>1; ny = (nqy+1)>>1; /* * copy non-zero values to output buffer, which will be written * in reverse order */ if (bufcopy(scratch,nx*ny,buffer,&b,bmax)) { /* * quadtree is expanding data, * change warning code and just fill buffer with bit-map */ write_bdirect64(outfile,a,n,nqx,nqy,scratch,bit); goto bitplane_done; } /* * do log2n reductions */ for (k = 1; k>1; ny = (ny+1)>>1; if (bufcopy(scratch,nx*ny,buffer,&b,bmax)) { write_bdirect64(outfile,a,n,nqx,nqy,scratch,bit); goto bitplane_done; } } /* * OK, we've got the code in buffer * Write quadtree warning code, then write buffer in reverse order */ output_nybble(outfile,0xF); if (b==0) { if (bits_to_go3>0) { /* * put out the last few bits */ output_nbits(outfile, bitbuffer & ((1<0) { /* * put out the last few bits */ output_nbits(outfile, bitbuffer & ((1<=0; i--) { output_nbits(outfile,buffer[i],8); } } bitplane_done: ; } free(buffer); free(scratch); return(0); } /* ######################################################################### */ /* * copy non-zero codes from array to buffer */ static int bufcopy(unsigned char a[], int n, unsigned char buffer[], int *b, int bmax) { int i; for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { if (a[i] != 0) { /* * add Huffman code for a[i] to buffer */ bitbuffer |= code[a[i]] << bits_to_go3; bits_to_go3 += ncode[a[i]]; if (bits_to_go3 >= 8) { buffer[*b] = bitbuffer & 0xFF; *b += 1; /* * return warning code if we fill buffer */ if (*b >= bmax) return(1); bitbuffer >>= 8; bits_to_go3 -= 8; } } } return(0); } /* ######################################################################### */ /* * Do first quadtree reduction step on bit BIT of array A. * Results put into B. * */ static void qtree_onebit(int a[], int n, int nx, int ny, unsigned char b[], int bit) { int i, j, k; int b0, b1, b2, b3; int s10, s00; /* * use selected bit to get amount to shift */ b0 = 1<> bit; k += 1; s00 += 2; s10 += 2; } if (j < ny) { /* * row size is odd, do last element in row * s00+1,s10+1 are off edge */ b[k] = ( ((a[s10 ]<<1) & b1) | ((a[s00 ]<<3) & b3) ) >> bit; k += 1; } } if (i < nx) { /* * column size is odd, do last row * s10,s10+1 are off edge */ s00 = n*i; for (j = 0; j> bit; k += 1; s00 += 2; } if (j < ny) { /* * both row and column size are odd, do corner element * s00+1, s10, s10+1 are off edge */ b[k] = ( ((a[s00 ]<<3) & b3) ) >> bit; k += 1; } } } /* ######################################################################### */ /* * Do first quadtree reduction step on bit BIT of array A. * Results put into B. * */ static void qtree_onebit64(LONGLONG a[], int n, int nx, int ny, unsigned char b[], int bit) { int i, j, k; LONGLONG b0, b1, b2, b3; int s10, s00; /* * use selected bit to get amount to shift */ b0 = ((LONGLONG) 1)<> bit); k += 1; s00 += 2; s10 += 2; } if (j < ny) { /* * row size is odd, do last element in row * s00+1,s10+1 are off edge */ b[k] = (unsigned char) (( ((a[s10 ]<<1) & b1) | ((a[s00 ]<<3) & b3) ) >> bit); k += 1; } } if (i < nx) { /* * column size is odd, do last row * s10,s10+1 are off edge */ s00 = n*i; for (j = 0; j> bit); k += 1; s00 += 2; } if (j < ny) { /* * both row and column size are odd, do corner element * s00+1, s10, s10+1 are off edge */ b[k] = (unsigned char) (( ((a[s00 ]<<3) & b3) ) >> bit); k += 1; } } } /* ######################################################################### */ /* * do one quadtree reduction step on array a * results put into b (which may be the same as a) */ static void qtree_reduce(unsigned char a[], int n, int nx, int ny, unsigned char b[]) { int i, j, k; int s10, s00; k = 0; /* k is index of b[i/2,j/2] */ for (i = 0; i. */ /* As a special exception, you may create a larger work that contains part or all of the Bison parser skeleton and distribute that work under terms of your choice, so long as that work isn't itself a parser generator using the skeleton or a modified version thereof as a parser skeleton. Alternatively, if you modify or redistribute the parser skeleton itself, you may (at your option) remove this special exception, which will cause the skeleton and the resulting Bison output files to be licensed under the GNU General Public License without this special exception. This special exception was added by the Free Software Foundation in version 2.2 of Bison. */ /* DO NOT RELY ON FEATURES THAT ARE NOT DOCUMENTED in the manual, especially those whose name start with YY_ or yy_. They are private implementation details that can be changed or removed. */ #ifndef YY_FITS_PARSER_YY_EVAL_TAB_H_INCLUDED # define YY_FITS_PARSER_YY_EVAL_TAB_H_INCLUDED /* Debug traces. */ #ifndef FITS_PARSER_YYDEBUG # if defined YYDEBUG #if YYDEBUG # define FITS_PARSER_YYDEBUG 1 # else # define FITS_PARSER_YYDEBUG 0 # endif # else /* ! defined YYDEBUG */ # define FITS_PARSER_YYDEBUG 0 # endif /* ! defined YYDEBUG */ #endif /* ! defined FITS_PARSER_YYDEBUG */ #if FITS_PARSER_YYDEBUG extern int fits_parser_yydebug; #endif /* Token kinds. */ #ifndef FITS_PARSER_YYTOKENTYPE # define FITS_PARSER_YYTOKENTYPE enum fits_parser_yytokentype { FITS_PARSER_YYEMPTY = -2, FITS_PARSER_YYEOF = 0, /* "end of file" */ FITS_PARSER_YYerror = 256, /* error */ FITS_PARSER_YYUNDEF = 257, /* "invalid token" */ BOOLEAN = 258, /* BOOLEAN */ LONG = 259, /* LONG */ DOUBLE = 260, /* DOUBLE */ STRING = 261, /* STRING */ BITSTR = 262, /* BITSTR */ FUNCTION = 263, /* FUNCTION */ BFUNCTION = 264, /* BFUNCTION */ IFUNCTION = 265, /* IFUNCTION */ GTIFILTER = 266, /* GTIFILTER */ GTIOVERLAP = 267, /* GTIOVERLAP */ GTIFIND = 268, /* GTIFIND */ REGFILTER = 269, /* REGFILTER */ COLUMN = 270, /* COLUMN */ BCOLUMN = 271, /* BCOLUMN */ SCOLUMN = 272, /* SCOLUMN */ BITCOL = 273, /* BITCOL */ ROWREF = 274, /* ROWREF */ NULLREF = 275, /* NULLREF */ SNULLREF = 276, /* SNULLREF */ OR = 277, /* OR */ AND = 278, /* AND */ EQ = 279, /* EQ */ NE = 280, /* NE */ GT = 281, /* GT */ LT = 282, /* LT */ LTE = 283, /* LTE */ GTE = 284, /* GTE */ XOR = 285, /* XOR */ POWER = 286, /* POWER */ NOT = 287, /* NOT */ INTCAST = 288, /* INTCAST */ FLTCAST = 289, /* FLTCAST */ UMINUS = 290, /* UMINUS */ ACCUM = 291, /* ACCUM */ DIFF = 292 /* DIFF */ }; typedef enum fits_parser_yytokentype fits_parser_yytoken_kind_t; #endif /* Value type. */ #if ! defined FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE && ! defined FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE_IS_DECLARED union FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE { #line 212 "eval.y" int Node; /* Index of Node */ double dbl; /* real value */ long lng; /* integer value */ char log; /* logical value */ char str[MAX_STRLEN]; /* string value */ #line 117 "eval_tab.h" }; typedef union FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE; # define FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE_IS_TRIVIAL 1 # define FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE_IS_DECLARED 1 #endif int fits_parser_yyparse (yyscan_t scanner, ParseData *lParse); #endif /* !YY_FITS_PARSER_YY_EVAL_TAB_H_INCLUDED */ cfitsio-4.3.1/Makefile.in0000644000225700000360000001366014335036354014526 0ustar cagordonlhea# # Makefile for cfitsio library: # # Oct-96 : original version by # # JDD/WDP # NASA GSFC # Oct 1996 # # 25-Jan-01 : removed conditional drvrsmem.c compilation because this # is now handled within the source file itself. # 09-Mar-98 : modified to conditionally compile drvrsmem.c. Also # changes to target all (deleted clean), added DEFS, LIBS, added # DEFS to .c.o, added SOURCES_SHMEM and MY_SHMEM, expanded getcol* # and putcol* in SOURCES, modified OBJECTS, mv changed to /bin/mv # (to bypass aliasing), cp changed to /bin/cp, add smem and # testprog targets. See also changes and comments in configure.in # Default library name: PACKAGE = cfitsio # CFITSIO version numbers: CFITSIO_MAJOR = @CFITSIO_MAJOR@ CFITSIO_MINOR = @CFITSIO_MINOR@ CFITSIO_MICRO = @CFITSIO_MICRO@ CFITSIO_SONAME = @CFITSIO_SONAME@ prefix = @prefix@ exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@ CFITSIO_BIN = ${DESTDIR}@bindir@ CFITSIO_LIB = ${DESTDIR}@libdir@ CFITSIO_INCLUDE = ${DESTDIR}@includedir@ INSTALL_DIRS = ${DESTDIR}@INSTALL_ROOT@ ${CFITSIO_INCLUDE} ${CFITSIO_LIB} ${CFITSIO_LIB}/pkgconfig SHELL = /bin/sh ARCHIVE = @ARCHIVE@ RANLIB = @RANLIB@ CC = @CC@ CFLAGS = @CFLAGS@ CPPFLAGS = @CPPFLAGS@ SSE_FLAGS = @SSE_FLAGS@ FC = @FC@ LDFLAGS = @LDFLAGS@ LDFLAGS_BIN = @LDFLAGS_BIN@ DEFS = @DEFS@ LIBS = @LIBS@ LIBS_CURL = @LIBS_CURL@ FLEX = flex BISON = bison SHLIB_LD = @SHLIB_LD@ SHLIB_SUFFIX = @SHLIB_SUFFIX@ CFITSIO_SHLIB = @CFITSIO_SHLIB@ CFITSIO_SHLIB_SONAME = @CFITSIO_SHLIB_SONAME@ CORE_SOURCES = buffers.c cfileio.c checksum.c drvrfile.c drvrmem.c \ drvrnet.c drvrsmem.c editcol.c edithdu.c eval_l.c \ eval_y.c eval_f.c fitscore.c getcol.c getcolb.c getcold.c getcole.c \ getcoli.c getcolj.c getcolk.c getcoll.c getcols.c getcolsb.c \ getcoluk.c getcolui.c getcoluj.c getkey.c group.c grparser.c \ histo.c iraffits.c \ modkey.c putcol.c putcolb.c putcold.c putcole.c putcoli.c \ putcolj.c putcolk.c putcoluk.c putcoll.c putcols.c putcolsb.c \ putcolu.c putcolui.c putcoluj.c putkey.c region.c scalnull.c \ swapproc.c wcssub.c wcsutil.c imcompress.c quantize.c ricecomp.c \ pliocomp.c fits_hcompress.c fits_hdecompress.c \ simplerng.c @GSIFTP_SRC@ ZLIB_SOURCES = zcompress.c zuncompress.c SOURCES = ${CORE_SOURCES} ${ZLIB_SOURCES} @F77_WRAPPERS@ OBJECTS = ${SOURCES:.c=.o} CORE_OBJECTS = ${CORE_SOURCES:.c=.o} ${ZLIB_SOURCES:.c=.o} FITSIO_SRC = f77_wrap1.c f77_wrap2.c f77_wrap3.c f77_wrap4.c # ============ description of all targets ============= # - <<-- ignore error code all: @if [ "x${FC}" = x ]; then \ ${MAKE} all-nofitsio; \ else \ ${MAKE} stand_alone; \ fi all-nofitsio: ${MAKE} stand_alone "FITSIO_SRC=" stand_alone: lib${PACKAGE}.a shared lib${PACKAGE}.a: ${OBJECTS} ${ARCHIVE} $@ ${OBJECTS}; \ ${RANLIB} $@; shared: lib${PACKAGE}${SHLIB_SUFFIX} lib${PACKAGE}${SHLIB_SUFFIX}: ${OBJECTS} ${SHLIB_LD} ${LDFLAGS} -o ${CFITSIO_SHLIB} ${OBJECTS} -lm ${LIBS_CURL} ${LIBS} @if [ "x${CFITSIO_SHLIB_SONAME}" != x ]; then \ ln -sf ${CFITSIO_SHLIB} ${CFITSIO_SHLIB_SONAME}; \ ln -sf ${CFITSIO_SHLIB_SONAME} $@; \ fi install: lib${PACKAGE}.a ${INSTALL_DIRS} @for lib in lib${PACKAGE}.a lib${PACKAGE}${SHLIB_SUFFIX} \ ${CFITSIO_SHLIB} ${CFITSIO_SHLIB_SONAME}; do \ if [ -f $$lib ]; then \ echo "/bin/rm -f ${CFITSIO_LIB}/$$lib"; \ /bin/rm -f ${CFITSIO_LIB}/$$lib; \ echo "/bin/cp -a $$lib ${CFITSIO_LIB}"; \ /bin/cp -a $$lib ${CFITSIO_LIB}; \ fi; \ done /bin/cp fitsio.h fitsio2.h longnam.h drvrsmem.h ${CFITSIO_INCLUDE} /bin/cp cfitsio.pc ${CFITSIO_LIB}/pkgconfig @for task in ${FPACK_UTILS} ${UTILS}; do \ if [ -f $$task ]; then \ if [ ! -d ${CFITSIO_BIN} ]; then mkdir -p ${CFITSIO_BIN}; fi; \ echo "/bin/cp $$task ${CFITSIO_BIN}"; \ /bin/cp $$task ${CFITSIO_BIN}; \ fi; \ done .c.o: ${CC} -c -o ${ #include #include #include #define get_char() get_byte() /* gzip.h -- common declarations for all gzip modules */ #define OF(args) args typedef void *voidp; #define memzero(s, n) memset ((voidp)(s), 0, (n)) typedef unsigned char uch; typedef unsigned short ush; typedef unsigned long ulg; /* private version of MIN function */ #define MINZIP(a,b) ((a) <= (b) ? (a) : (b)) /* Return codes from gzip */ #define OK 0 #define ERROR 1 #define COMPRESSED 1 #define DEFLATED 8 #define INBUFSIZ 0x8000 /* input buffer size */ #define INBUF_EXTRA 64 /* required by unlzw() */ #define OUTBUFSIZ 16384 /* output buffer size */ #define OUTBUF_EXTRA 2048 /* required by unlzw() */ #define DIST_BUFSIZE 0x8000 /* buffer for distances, see trees.c */ #define WSIZE 0x8000 /* window size--must be a power of two, and */ #define DECLARE(type, array, size) type array[size] #define tab_suffix window #define tab_prefix prev /* hash link (see deflate.c) */ #define head (prev+WSIZE) /* hash head (see deflate.c) */ #define LZW_MAGIC "\037\235" /* Magic header for lzw files, 1F 9D */ #define get_byte() (inptr < insize ? inbuf[inptr++] : fill_inbuf(0)) /* Diagnostic functions */ # define Assert(cond,msg) # define Trace(x) # define Tracev(x) # define Tracevv(x) # define Tracec(c,x) # define Tracecv(c,x) /* lzw.h -- define the lzw functions. */ #ifndef BITS # define BITS 16 #endif #define INIT_BITS 9 /* Initial number of bits per code */ #define BIT_MASK 0x1f /* Mask for 'number of compression bits' */ #define BLOCK_MODE 0x80 #define LZW_RESERVED 0x60 /* reserved bits */ #define CLEAR 256 /* flush the dictionary */ #define FIRST (CLEAR+1) /* first free entry */ /* prototypes */ #define local static void ffpmsg(const char *err_message); local int fill_inbuf OF((int eof_ok)); local void write_buf OF((voidp buf, unsigned cnt)); local void error OF((char *m)); local int unlzw OF((FILE *in, FILE *out)); typedef int file_t; /* Do not use stdio */ int (*work) OF((FILE *infile, FILE *outfile)) = unlzw; /* function to call */ local void error OF((char *m)); /* global buffers */ static DECLARE(uch, inbuf, INBUFSIZ +INBUF_EXTRA); static DECLARE(uch, outbuf, OUTBUFSIZ+OUTBUF_EXTRA); static DECLARE(ush, d_buf, DIST_BUFSIZE); static DECLARE(uch, window, 2L*WSIZE); #ifndef MAXSEG_64K static DECLARE(ush, tab_prefix, 1L< 0) return(*status); /* save input parameters into global variables */ ifname[0] = '\0'; strncat(ifname, filename, 127); ifd = indiskfile; memptr = (void **) buffptr; memsize = buffsize; realloc_fn = mem_realloc; /* clear input and output buffers */ insize = inptr = 0; bytes_in = bytes_out = 0L; magic[0] = (char)get_byte(); magic[1] = (char)get_byte(); if (memcmp(magic, LZW_MAGIC, 2) != 0) { error("ERROR: input .Z file is in unrecognized compression format.\n"); return(-1); } work = unlzw; method = COMPRESSED; last_member = 1; /* do the uncompression */ if ((*work)(ifd, ofd) != OK) { method = -1; /* force cleanup */ *status = 414; /* report some sort of decompression error */ } if (filesize) *filesize = bytes_out; return(*status); } /*=========================================================================*/ /*=========================================================================*/ /* this marks the begining of the original file 'unlzw.c' */ /*=========================================================================*/ /*=========================================================================*/ /* unlzw.c -- decompress files in LZW format. * The code in this file is directly derived from the public domain 'compress' * written by Spencer Thomas, Joe Orost, James Woods, Jim McKie, Steve Davies, * Ken Turkowski, Dave Mack and Peter Jannesen. */ typedef unsigned char char_type; typedef long code_int; typedef unsigned long count_int; typedef unsigned short count_short; typedef unsigned long cmp_code_int; #define MAXCODE(n) (1L << (n)) #ifndef REGISTERS # define REGISTERS 2 #endif #define REG1 #define REG2 #define REG3 #define REG4 #define REG5 #define REG6 #define REG7 #define REG8 #define REG9 #define REG10 #define REG11 #define REG12 #define REG13 #define REG14 #define REG15 #define REG16 #if REGISTERS >= 1 # undef REG1 # define REG1 register #endif #if REGISTERS >= 2 # undef REG2 # define REG2 register #endif #if REGISTERS >= 3 # undef REG3 # define REG3 register #endif #if REGISTERS >= 4 # undef REG4 # define REG4 register #endif #if REGISTERS >= 5 # undef REG5 # define REG5 register #endif #if REGISTERS >= 6 # undef REG6 # define REG6 register #endif #if REGISTERS >= 7 # undef REG7 # define REG7 register #endif #if REGISTERS >= 8 # undef REG8 # define REG8 register #endif #if REGISTERS >= 9 # undef REG9 # define REG9 register #endif #if REGISTERS >= 10 # undef REG10 # define REG10 register #endif #if REGISTERS >= 11 # undef REG11 # define REG11 register #endif #if REGISTERS >= 12 # undef REG12 # define REG12 register #endif #if REGISTERS >= 13 # undef REG13 # define REG13 register #endif #if REGISTERS >= 14 # undef REG14 # define REG14 register #endif #if REGISTERS >= 15 # undef REG15 # define REG15 register #endif #if REGISTERS >= 16 # undef REG16 # define REG16 register #endif #ifndef BYTEORDER # define BYTEORDER 0000 #endif #ifndef NOALLIGN # define NOALLIGN 0 #endif union bytes { long word; struct { #if BYTEORDER == 4321 char_type b1; char_type b2; char_type b3; char_type b4; #else #if BYTEORDER == 1234 char_type b4; char_type b3; char_type b2; char_type b1; #else # undef BYTEORDER int dummy; #endif #endif } bytes; }; #if BYTEORDER == 4321 && NOALLIGN == 1 # define input(b,o,c,n,m){ \ (c) = (*(long *)(&(b)[(o)>>3])>>((o)&0x7))&(m); \ (o) += (n); \ } #else # define input(b,o,c,n,m){ \ REG1 char_type *p = &(b)[(o)>>3]; \ (c) = ((((long)(p[0]))|((long)(p[1])<<8)| \ ((long)(p[2])<<16))>>((o)&0x7))&(m); \ (o) += (n); \ } #endif #ifndef MAXSEG_64K /* DECLARE(ush, tab_prefix, (1<>1] # define clear_tab_prefixof() \ memzero(tab_prefix0, 128), \ memzero(tab_prefix1, 128); #endif #define de_stack ((char_type *)(&d_buf[DIST_BUFSIZE-1])) #define tab_suffixof(i) tab_suffix[i] int block_mode = BLOCK_MODE; /* block compress mode -C compatible with 2.0 */ /* ============================================================================ * Decompress in to out. This routine adapts to the codes in the * file building the "string" table on-the-fly; requiring no table to * be stored in the compressed file. * IN assertions: the buffer inbuf contains already the beginning of * the compressed data, from offsets iptr to insize-1 included. * The magic header has already been checked and skipped. * bytes_in and bytes_out have been initialized. */ local int unlzw(FILE *in, FILE *out) /* input and output file descriptors */ { REG2 char_type *stackp; REG3 code_int code; REG4 int finchar; REG5 code_int oldcode; REG6 code_int incode; REG7 long inbits; REG8 long posbits; REG9 int outpos; /* REG10 int insize; (global) */ REG11 unsigned bitmask; REG12 code_int free_ent; REG13 code_int maxcode; REG14 code_int maxmaxcode; REG15 int n_bits; REG16 int rsize; ofd = out; #ifdef MAXSEG_64K tab_prefix[0] = tab_prefix0; tab_prefix[1] = tab_prefix1; #endif maxbits = get_byte(); block_mode = maxbits & BLOCK_MODE; if ((maxbits & LZW_RESERVED) != 0) { error( "warning, unknown flags in unlzw decompression"); } maxbits &= BIT_MASK; maxmaxcode = MAXCODE(maxbits); if (maxbits > BITS) { error("compressed with too many bits; cannot handle file"); exit_code = ERROR; return ERROR; } rsize = insize; maxcode = MAXCODE(n_bits = INIT_BITS)-1; bitmask = (1<= 0 ; --code) { tab_suffixof(code) = (char_type)code; } do { REG1 int i; int e; int o; resetbuf: e = insize-(o = (posbits>>3)); for (i = 0 ; i < e ; ++i) { inbuf[i] = inbuf[i+o]; } insize = e; posbits = 0; if (insize < INBUF_EXTRA) { /* modified to use fread instead of read - WDP 10/22/97 */ /* if ((rsize = read(in, (char*)inbuf+insize, INBUFSIZ)) == EOF) { */ if ((rsize = fread((char*)inbuf+insize, 1, INBUFSIZ, in)) == EOF) { error("unexpected end of file"); exit_code = ERROR; return ERROR; } insize += rsize; bytes_in += (ulg)rsize; } inbits = ((rsize != 0) ? ((long)insize - insize%n_bits)<<3 : ((long)insize<<3)-(n_bits-1)); while (inbits > posbits) { if (free_ent > maxcode) { posbits = ((posbits-1) + ((n_bits<<3)-(posbits-1+(n_bits<<3))%(n_bits<<3))); ++n_bits; if (n_bits == maxbits) { maxcode = maxmaxcode; } else { maxcode = MAXCODE(n_bits)-1; } bitmask = (1<= 256) { error("corrupt input."); exit_code = ERROR; return ERROR; } outbuf[outpos++] = (char_type)(finchar = (int)(oldcode=code)); continue; } if (code == CLEAR && block_mode) { clear_tab_prefixof(); free_ent = FIRST - 1; posbits = ((posbits-1) + ((n_bits<<3)-(posbits-1+(n_bits<<3))%(n_bits<<3))); maxcode = MAXCODE(n_bits = INIT_BITS)-1; bitmask = (1<= free_ent) { /* Special case for KwKwK string. */ if (code > free_ent) { if (outpos > 0) { write_buf((char*)outbuf, outpos); bytes_out += (ulg)outpos; } error("corrupt input."); exit_code = ERROR; return ERROR; } *--stackp = (char_type)finchar; code = oldcode; } while ((cmp_code_int)code >= (cmp_code_int)256) { /* Generate output characters in reverse order */ *--stackp = tab_suffixof(code); code = tab_prefixof(code); } *--stackp = (char_type)(finchar = tab_suffixof(code)); /* And put them out in forward order */ { /* REG1 int i; already defined above (WDP) */ if (outpos+(i = (de_stack-stackp)) >= OUTBUFSIZ) { do { if (i > OUTBUFSIZ-outpos) i = OUTBUFSIZ-outpos; if (i > 0) { memcpy(outbuf+outpos, stackp, i); outpos += i; } if (outpos >= OUTBUFSIZ) { write_buf((char*)outbuf, outpos); bytes_out += (ulg)outpos; outpos = 0; } stackp+= i; } while ((i = (de_stack-stackp)) > 0); } else { memcpy(outbuf+outpos, stackp, i); outpos += i; } } if ((code = free_ent) < maxmaxcode) { /* Generate the new entry. */ tab_prefixof(code) = (unsigned short)oldcode; tab_suffixof(code) = (char_type)finchar; free_ent = code+1; } oldcode = incode; /* Remember previous code. */ } } while (rsize != 0); if (outpos > 0) { write_buf((char*)outbuf, outpos); bytes_out += (ulg)outpos; } return OK; } /* ========================================================================*/ /* this marks the start of the code from 'util.c' */ local int fill_inbuf(int eof_ok) /* set if EOF acceptable as a result */ { int len; /* Read as much as possible from file */ insize = 0; do { len = fread((char*)inbuf+insize, 1, INBUFSIZ-insize, ifd); if (len == 0 || len == EOF) break; insize += len; } while (insize < INBUFSIZ); if (insize == 0) { if (eof_ok) return EOF; error("unexpected end of file"); exit_code = ERROR; return ERROR; } bytes_in += (ulg)insize; inptr = 1; return inbuf[0]; } /* =========================================================================== */ local void write_buf(voidp buf, unsigned cnt) /* copy buffer into memory; allocate more memory if required*/ { if (!realloc_fn) { /* append buffer to file */ /* added 'unsigned' to get rid of compiler warning (WDP 1/1/99) */ if ((unsigned long) fwrite(buf, 1, cnt, ofd) != cnt) { error ("failed to write buffer to uncompressed output file (write_buf)"); exit_code = ERROR; return; } } else { /* get more memory if current buffer is too small */ if (bytes_out + cnt > *memsize) { *memptr = realloc_fn(*memptr, bytes_out + cnt); *memsize = bytes_out + cnt; /* new memory buffer size */ if (!(*memptr)) { error("malloc failed while uncompressing (write_buf)"); exit_code = ERROR; return; } } /* copy into memory buffer */ memcpy((char *) *memptr + bytes_out, (char *) buf, cnt); } } /* ======================================================================== */ local void error(char *m) /* Error handler */ { ffpmsg(ifname); ffpmsg(m); } cfitsio-4.3.1/imcompress.c0000644000225700000360000135071314214470324015005 0ustar cagordonlhea# include # include # include # include # include # include # include "fitsio2.h" #define NULL_VALUE -2147483647 /* value used to represent undefined pixels */ #define ZERO_VALUE -2147483646 /* value used to represent zero-valued pixels */ /* nearest integer function */ # define NINT(x) ((x >= 0.) ? (int) (x + 0.5) : (int) (x - 0.5)) /* special quantize level value indicates that floating point image pixels */ /* should not be quantized and instead losslessly compressed (with GZIP) */ #define NO_QUANTIZE 9999 /* string array for storing the individual column compression stats */ char results[999][30]; float *fits_rand_value = 0; int imcomp_write_nocompress_tile(fitsfile *outfptr, long row, int datatype, void *tiledata, long tilelen, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int *status); int imcomp_convert_tile_tshort(fitsfile *outfptr, void *tiledata, long tilelen, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, double actual_bzero, int *intlength, int *status); int imcomp_convert_tile_tushort(fitsfile *outfptr, void *tiledata, long tilelen, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, int *intlength, int *status); int imcomp_convert_tile_tint(fitsfile *outfptr, void *tiledata, long tilelen, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, int *intlength, int *status); int imcomp_convert_tile_tuint(fitsfile *outfptr, void *tiledata, long tilelen, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, int *intlength, int *status); int imcomp_convert_tile_tbyte(fitsfile *outfptr, void *tiledata, long tilelen, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, int *intlength, int *status); int imcomp_convert_tile_tsbyte(fitsfile *outfptr, void *tiledata, long tilelen, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, int *intlength, int *status); int imcomp_convert_tile_tfloat(fitsfile *outfptr, long row, void *tiledata, long tilelen, long tilenx, long tileny, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, int *intlength, int *flag, double *bscale, double *bzero,int *status); int imcomp_convert_tile_tdouble(fitsfile *outfptr, long row, void *tiledata, long tilelen, long tilenx, long tileny, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, int *intlength, int *flag, double *bscale, double *bzero, int *status); static int unquantize_i1r4(long row, unsigned char *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int dither_method, /* I - which subtractive dither method to use */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ unsigned char tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ float nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ float *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status); /* IO - error status */ static int unquantize_i2r4(long row, short *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int dither_method, /* I - which subtractive dither method to use */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ short tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ float nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ float *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status); /* IO - error status */ static int unquantize_i4r4(long row, INT32BIT *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int dither_method, /* I - which subtractive dither method to use */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ INT32BIT tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ float nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ float *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status); /* IO - error status */ static int unquantize_i1r8(long row, unsigned char *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int dither_method, /* I - which subtractive dither method to use */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ unsigned char tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ double nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ double *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status); /* IO - error status */ static int unquantize_i2r8(long row, short *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int dither_method, /* I - which subtractive dither method to use */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ short tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ double nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ double *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status); /* IO - error status */ static int unquantize_i4r8(long row, INT32BIT *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int dither_method, /* I - which subtractive dither method to use */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ INT32BIT tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ double nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ double *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status); /* IO - error status */ static int imcomp_float2nan(float *indata, long tilelen, int *outdata, float nullflagval, int *status); static int imcomp_double2nan(double *indata, long tilelen, LONGLONG *outdata, double nullflagval, int *status); static int fits_read_write_compressed_img(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the array to be returned */ LONGLONG *infpixel, /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection */ LONGLONG *inlpixel, /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection */ long *ininc, /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */ int nullcheck, /* I - 0 for no null checking */ /* 1: set undefined pixels = nullval */ void *nullval, /* I - value for undefined pixels */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status); static int fits_shuffle_8bytes(char *heap, LONGLONG length, int *status); static int fits_shuffle_4bytes(char *heap, LONGLONG length, int *status); static int fits_shuffle_2bytes(char *heap, LONGLONG length, int *status); static int fits_unshuffle_8bytes(char *heap, LONGLONG length, int *status); static int fits_unshuffle_4bytes(char *heap, LONGLONG length, int *status); static int fits_unshuffle_2bytes(char *heap, LONGLONG length, int *status); static int fits_int_to_longlong_inplace(int *intarray, long length, int *status); static int fits_short_to_int_inplace(short *intarray, long length, int shift, int *status); static int fits_ushort_to_int_inplace(unsigned short *intarray, long length, int shift, int *status); static int fits_sbyte_to_int_inplace(signed char *intarray, long length, int *status); static int fits_ubyte_to_int_inplace(unsigned char *intarray, long length, int *status); static int fits_calc_tile_rows(long *tlpixel, long *tfpixel, int ndim, long *trowsize, long *ntrows, int *status); /* only used for diagnoitic purposes */ /* int fits_get_case(int *c1, int*c2, int*c3); */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_init_randoms(void) { /* initialize an array of random numbers */ int ii; double a = 16807.0; double m = 2147483647.0; double temp, seed; FFLOCK; if (fits_rand_value) { FFUNLOCK; return(0); /* array is already initialized */ } /* allocate array for the random number sequence */ /* THIS MEMORY IS NEVER FREED */ fits_rand_value = calloc(N_RANDOM, sizeof(float)); if (!fits_rand_value) { FFUNLOCK; return(MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* We need a portable algorithm that anyone can use to generate this exact same sequence of random number. The C 'rand' function is not suitable because it is not available to Fortran or Java programmers. Instead, use a well known simple algorithm published here: "Random number generators: good ones are hard to find", Communications of the ACM, Volume 31 , Issue 10 (October 1988) Pages: 1192 - 1201 */ /* initialize the random numbers */ seed = 1; for (ii = 0; ii < N_RANDOM; ii++) { temp = a * seed; seed = temp -m * ((int) (temp / m) ); fits_rand_value[ii] = (float) (seed / m); } FFUNLOCK; /* IMPORTANT NOTE: the 10000th seed value must have the value 1043618065 if the algorithm has been implemented correctly */ if ( (int) seed != 1043618065) { ffpmsg("fits_init_randoms generated incorrect random number sequence"); return(1); } else { return(0); } } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void bz_internal_error(int errcode) { /* external function declared by the bzip2 code in bzlib_private.h */ ffpmsg("bzip2 returned an internal error"); ffpmsg("This should never happen"); return; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_set_compression_type(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int ctype, /* image compression type code; */ /* allowed values: RICE_1, GZIP_1, GZIP_2, PLIO_1, */ /* HCOMPRESS_1, BZIP2_1, and NOCOMPRESS */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* This routine specifies the image compression algorithm that should be used when writing a FITS image. The image is divided into tiles, and each tile is compressed and stored in a row of at variable length binary table column. */ if (ctype != RICE_1 && ctype != GZIP_1 && ctype != GZIP_2 && ctype != PLIO_1 && ctype != HCOMPRESS_1 && ctype != BZIP2_1 && ctype != NOCOMPRESS && ctype != 0) { ffpmsg("unknown compression algorithm (fits_set_compression_type)"); *status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR; } else { (fptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type = ctype; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_set_tile_dim(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int ndim, /* number of dimensions in the compressed image */ long *dims, /* size of image compression tile in each dimension */ /* default tile size = (NAXIS1, 1, 1, ...) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* This routine specifies the size (dimension) of the image compression tiles that should be used when writing a FITS image. The image is divided into tiles, and each tile is compressed and stored in a row of at variable length binary table column. */ int ii; if (ndim < 0 || ndim > MAX_COMPRESS_DIM) { *status = BAD_DIMEN; ffpmsg("illegal number of tile dimensions (fits_set_tile_dim)"); return(*status); } for (ii = 0; ii < ndim; ii++) { (fptr->Fptr)->request_tilesize[ii] = dims[ii]; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_set_quantize_level(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ float qlevel, /* floating point quantization level */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* This routine specifies the value of the quantization level, q, that should be used when compressing floating point images. The image is divided into tiles, and each tile is compressed and stored in a row of at variable length binary table column. */ if (qlevel == 0.) { /* this means don't quantize the floating point values. Instead, */ /* the floating point values will be losslessly compressed */ (fptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level = NO_QUANTIZE; } else { (fptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level = qlevel; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_set_quantize_method(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int method, /* quantization method */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* This routine specifies what type of dithering (randomization) should be performed when quantizing floating point images to integer prior to compression. A value of -1 means do no dithering. A value of 0 means use the default SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1 (which is equivalent to dither = 1). A value of 2 means use SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2. */ if (method < -1 || method > 2) { ffpmsg("illegal dithering value (fits_set_quantize_method)"); *status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR; } else { if (method == 0) method = 1; (fptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_method = method; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_set_quantize_dither(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int dither, /* dither type */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* the name of this routine has changed. This is kept here only for backwards compatibility for any software that may be calling the old routine. */ fits_set_quantize_method(fptr, dither, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_set_dither_seed(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int seed, /* random dithering seed value (1 to 10000) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* This routine specifies the value of the offset that should be applied when calculating the random dithering when quantizing floating point iamges. A random offset should be applied to each image to avoid quantization effects when taking the difference of 2 images, or co-adding a set of images. Without this random offset, the corresponding pixel in every image will have exactly the same dithering. offset = 0 means use the default random dithering based on system time offset = negative means randomly chose dithering based on 1st tile checksum offset = [1 - 10000] means use that particular dithering pattern */ /* if positive, ensure that the value is in the range 1 to 10000 */ if (seed > 10000) { ffpmsg("illegal dithering seed value (fits_set_dither_seed)"); *status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR; } else { (fptr->Fptr)->request_dither_seed = seed; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_set_dither_offset(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int offset, /* random dithering offset value (1 to 10000) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* The name of this routine has changed. This is kept just for backwards compatibility with any software that calls the old name */ fits_set_dither_seed(fptr, offset, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_set_noise_bits(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int noisebits, /* noise_bits parameter value */ /* (default = 4) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* ******************************************************************** ******************************************************************** THIS ROUTINE IS PROVIDED ONLY FOR BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY; ALL NEW SOFTWARE SHOULD CALL fits_set_quantize_level INSTEAD ******************************************************************** ******************************************************************** This routine specifies the value of the noice_bits parameter that should be used when compressing floating point images. The image is divided into tiles, and each tile is compressed and stored in a row of at variable length binary table column. Feb 2008: the "noisebits" parameter has been replaced with the more general "quantize level" parameter. */ float qlevel; if (noisebits < 1 || noisebits > 16) { *status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR; ffpmsg("illegal number of noise bits (fits_set_noise_bits)"); return(*status); } qlevel = (float) pow (2., (double)noisebits); fits_set_quantize_level(fptr, qlevel, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_set_hcomp_scale(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ float scale, /* hcompress scale parameter value */ /* (default = 0.) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* This routine specifies the value of the hcompress scale parameter. */ (fptr->Fptr)->request_hcomp_scale = scale; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_set_hcomp_smooth(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int smooth, /* hcompress smooth parameter value */ /* if scale > 1 and smooth != 0, then */ /* the image will be smoothed when it is */ /* decompressed to remove some of the */ /* 'blockiness' in the image produced */ /* by the lossy compression */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* This routine specifies the value of the hcompress scale parameter. */ (fptr->Fptr)->request_hcomp_smooth = smooth; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_set_lossy_int(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int lossy_int, /* I - True (!= 0) or False (0) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* This routine specifies whether images with integer pixel values should quantized and compressed the same way float images are compressed. The default is to not do this, and instead apply a lossless compression algorithm to integer images. */ (fptr->Fptr)->request_lossy_int_compress = lossy_int; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_set_huge_hdu(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int huge, /* I - True (!= 0) or False (0) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* This routine specifies whether the HDU that is being compressed is so large (i.e., > 4 GB) that the 'Q' type variable length array columns should be used rather than the normal 'P' type. The allows the heap pointers to be stored as 64-bit quantities, rather than just 32-bits. */ (fptr->Fptr)->request_huge_hdu = huge; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_get_compression_type(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *ctype, /* image compression type code; */ /* allowed values: */ /* RICE_1, GZIP_1, GZIP_2, PLIO_1, HCOMPRESS_1, BZIP2_1 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* This routine returns the image compression algorithm that should be used when writing a FITS image. The image is divided into tiles, and each tile is compressed and stored in a row of at variable length binary table column. */ *ctype = (fptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type; if (*ctype != RICE_1 && *ctype != GZIP_1 && *ctype != GZIP_2 && *ctype != PLIO_1 && *ctype != HCOMPRESS_1 && *ctype != BZIP2_1 && *ctype != NOCOMPRESS && *ctype != 0 ) { ffpmsg("unknown compression algorithm (fits_get_compression_type)"); *status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_get_tile_dim(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int ndim, /* number of dimensions in the compressed image */ long *dims, /* size of image compression tile in each dimension */ /* default tile size = (NAXIS1, 1, 1, ...) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* This routine returns the size (dimension) of the image compression tiles that should be used when writing a FITS image. The image is divided into tiles, and each tile is compressed and stored in a row of at variable length binary table column. */ int ii; if (ndim < 0 || ndim > MAX_COMPRESS_DIM) { *status = BAD_DIMEN; ffpmsg("illegal number of tile dimensions (fits_get_tile_dim)"); return(*status); } for (ii = 0; ii < ndim; ii++) { dims[ii] = (fptr->Fptr)->request_tilesize[ii]; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_unset_compression_param( fitsfile *fptr, int *status) { int ii; (fptr->Fptr)->compress_type = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->quantize_level = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->quantize_method = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->dither_seed = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->hcomp_scale = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < MAX_COMPRESS_DIM; ii++) { (fptr->Fptr)->tilesize[ii] = 0; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_unset_compression_request( fitsfile *fptr, int *status) { int ii; (fptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_method = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->request_dither_seed = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->request_hcomp_scale = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->request_lossy_int_compress = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->request_huge_hdu = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < MAX_COMPRESS_DIM; ii++) { (fptr->Fptr)->request_tilesize[ii] = 0; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_set_compression_pref( fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status) { /* Set the preference for various compression options, based on keywords in the input file that provide guidance about how the HDU should be compressed when written to the output file. */ int ii, naxis, nkeys, comptype; int ivalue; long tiledim[6]= {1,1,1,1,1,1}; char card[FLEN_CARD], value[FLEN_VALUE]; double qvalue; float hscale; LONGLONG datastart, dataend; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* check the size of the HDU that is to be compressed */ fits_get_hduaddrll(infptr, NULL, &datastart, &dataend, status); if ( (LONGLONG)(dataend - datastart) > UINT32_MAX) { /* use 64-bit '1Q' variable length columns instead of '1P' columns */ /* for large files, in case the heap size becomes larger than 2**32 bytes*/ fits_set_huge_hdu(outfptr, 1, status); } fits_get_hdrspace(infptr, &nkeys, NULL, status); /* look for a image compression directive keywords (begin with 'FZ') */ for (ii = 2; ii <= nkeys; ii++) { fits_read_record(infptr, ii, card, status); if (!strncmp(card, "FZ", 2) ){ /* get the keyword value string */ fits_parse_value(card, value, NULL, status); if (!strncmp(card+2, "ALGOR", 5) ) { /* set the desired compression algorithm */ /* allowed values: RICE_1, GZIP_1, GZIP_2, PLIO_1, */ /* HCOMPRESS_1, BZIP2_1, and NOCOMPRESS */ if (!fits_strncasecmp(value, "'RICE_1", 7) ) { comptype = RICE_1; } else if (!fits_strncasecmp(value, "'GZIP_1", 7) ) { comptype = GZIP_1; } else if (!fits_strncasecmp(value, "'GZIP_2", 7) ) { comptype = GZIP_2; } else if (!fits_strncasecmp(value, "'PLIO_1", 7) ) { comptype = PLIO_1; } else if (!fits_strncasecmp(value, "'HCOMPRESS_1", 12) ) { comptype = HCOMPRESS_1; } else if (!fits_strncasecmp(value, "'NONE", 5) ) { comptype = NOCOMPRESS; } else { ffpmsg("Unknown FZALGOR keyword compression algorithm:"); ffpmsg(value); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } fits_set_compression_type (outfptr, comptype, status); } else if (!strncmp(card+2, "TILE ", 6) ) { if (!fits_strncasecmp(value, "'row", 4) ) { tiledim[0] = -1; } else if (!fits_strncasecmp(value, "'whole", 6) ) { tiledim[0] = -1; tiledim[1] = -1; tiledim[2] = -1; } else { ffdtdm(infptr, value, 0,6, &naxis, tiledim, status); } /* set the desired tile size */ fits_set_tile_dim (outfptr, 6, tiledim, status); } else if (!strncmp(card+2, "QVALUE", 6) ) { /* set the desired Q quantization value */ qvalue = atof(value); fits_set_quantize_level (outfptr, (float) qvalue, status); } else if (!strncmp(card+2, "QMETHD", 6) ) { if (!fits_strncasecmp(value, "'no_dither", 10) ) { ivalue = -1; /* just quantize, with no dithering */ } else if (!fits_strncasecmp(value, "'subtractive_dither_1", 21) ) { ivalue = SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1; /* use subtractive dithering */ } else if (!fits_strncasecmp(value, "'subtractive_dither_2", 21) ) { ivalue = SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2; /* dither, except preserve zero-valued pixels */ } else { ffpmsg("Unknown value for FZQUANT keyword: (set_compression_pref)"); ffpmsg(value); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } fits_set_quantize_method(outfptr, ivalue, status); } else if (!strncmp(card+2, "DTHRSD", 6) ) { if (!fits_strncasecmp(value, "'checksum", 9) ) { ivalue = -1; /* use checksum of first tile */ } else if (!fits_strncasecmp(value, "'clock", 6) ) { ivalue = 0; /* set dithering seed based on system clock */ } else { /* read integer value */ if (*value == '\'') ivalue = (int) atol(value+1); /* allow for leading quote character */ else ivalue = (int) atol(value); if (ivalue < 1 || ivalue > 10000) { ffpmsg("Invalid value for FZDTHRSD keyword: (set_compression_pref)"); ffpmsg(value); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } } /* set the desired dithering */ fits_set_dither_seed(outfptr, ivalue, status); } else if (!strncmp(card+2, "I2F", 3) ) { /* set whether to convert integers to float then use lossy compression */ if (!fits_strcasecmp(value, "t") ) { fits_set_lossy_int (outfptr, 1, status); } else if (!fits_strcasecmp(value, "f") ) { fits_set_lossy_int (outfptr, 0, status); } else { ffpmsg("Unknown value for FZI2F keyword: (set_compression_pref)"); ffpmsg(value); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } } else if (!strncmp(card+2, "HSCALE ", 6) ) { /* set the desired Hcompress scale value */ hscale = (float) atof(value); fits_set_hcomp_scale (outfptr, hscale, status); } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_get_noise_bits(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *noisebits, /* noise_bits parameter value */ /* (default = 4) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* ******************************************************************** ******************************************************************** THIS ROUTINE IS PROVIDED ONLY FOR BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY; ALL NEW SOFTWARE SHOULD CALL fits_set_quantize_level INSTEAD ******************************************************************** ******************************************************************** This routine returns the value of the noice_bits parameter that should be used when compressing floating point images. The image is divided into tiles, and each tile is compressed and stored in a row of at variable length binary table column. Feb 2008: code changed to use the more general "quantize level" parameter rather than the "noise bits" parameter. If quantize level is greater than zero, then the previous noisebits parameter is approximately given by noise bits = natural logarithm (quantize level) / natural log (2) This result is rounded to the nearest integer. */ double qlevel; qlevel = (fptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level; if (qlevel > 0. && qlevel < 65537. ) *noisebits = (int) ((log(qlevel) / log(2.0)) + 0.5); else *noisebits = 0; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_get_quantize_level(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ float *qlevel, /* quantize level parameter value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* This routine returns the value of the noice_bits parameter that should be used when compressing floating point images. The image is divided into tiles, and each tile is compressed and stored in a row of at variable length binary table column. */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE) { *qlevel = 0; } else { *qlevel = (fptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_get_dither_seed(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *offset, /* dithering offset parameter value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* This routine returns the value of the dithering offset parameter that is used when compressing floating point images. The image is divided into tiles, and each tile is compressed and stored in a row of at variable length binary table column. */ *offset = (fptr->Fptr)->request_dither_seed; return(*status); }/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_get_hcomp_scale(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ float *scale, /* Hcompress scale parameter value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* This routine returns the value of the noice_bits parameter that should be used when compressing floating point images. The image is divided into tiles, and each tile is compressed and stored in a row of at variable length binary table column. */ *scale = (fptr->Fptr)->request_hcomp_scale; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_get_hcomp_smooth(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *smooth, /* Hcompress smooth parameter value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { *smooth = (fptr->Fptr)->request_hcomp_smooth; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_img_compress(fitsfile *infptr, /* pointer to image to be compressed */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* empty HDU for output compressed image */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* This routine initializes the output table, copies all the keywords, and loops through the input image, compressing the data and writing the compressed tiles to the output table. This is a high level routine that is called by the fpack and funpack FITS compression utilities. */ { int bitpix, naxis; long naxes[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* int c1, c2, c3; */ if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* get datatype and size of input image */ if (fits_get_img_param(infptr, MAX_COMPRESS_DIM, &bitpix, &naxis, naxes, status) > 0) return(*status); if (naxis < 1 || naxis > MAX_COMPRESS_DIM) { ffpmsg("Image cannot be compressed: NAXIS out of range"); return(*status = BAD_NAXIS); } /* create a new empty HDU in the output file now, before setting the */ /* compression preferences. This HDU will become a binary table that */ /* contains the compressed image. If necessary, create a dummy primary */ /* array, which much precede the binary table extension. */ ffcrhd(outfptr, status); /* this does nothing if the output file is empty */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->curhdu == 0) /* have to create dummy primary array */ { ffcrim(outfptr, 16, 0, NULL, status); ffcrhd(outfptr, status); } else { /* unset any compress parameter preferences that may have been set when closing the previous HDU in the output file */ fits_unset_compression_param(outfptr, status); } /* set any compress parameter preferences as given in the input file */ fits_set_compression_pref(infptr, outfptr, status); /* special case: the quantization level is not given by a keyword in */ /* the HDU header, so we have to explicitly copy the requested value */ /* to the actual value */ /* do this in imcomp_get_compressed_image_par, instead if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level != 0.) (outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_level = (outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level; */ /* if requested, treat integer images same as a float image. */ /* Then the pixels will be quantized (lossy algorithm) to achieve */ /* higher amounts of compression than with lossless algorithms */ if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->request_lossy_int_compress != 0 && bitpix > 0) bitpix = FLOAT_IMG; /* compress integer images as if float */ /* initialize output table */ if (imcomp_init_table(outfptr, bitpix, naxis, naxes, 0, status) > 0) return (*status); /* Copy the image header keywords to the table header. */ if (imcomp_copy_img2comp(infptr, outfptr, status) > 0) return (*status); /* turn off any intensity scaling (defined by BSCALE and BZERO */ /* keywords) so that unscaled values will be read by CFITSIO */ /* (except if quantizing an int image, same as a float image) */ if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->request_lossy_int_compress == 0 && bitpix > 0) ffpscl(infptr, 1.0, 0.0, status); /* force a rescan of the output file keywords, so that */ /* the compression parameters will be copied to the internal */ /* fitsfile structure used by CFITSIO */ ffrdef(outfptr, status); /* turn off any intensity scaling (defined by BSCALE and BZERO */ /* keywords) so that unscaled values will be written by CFITSIO */ /* (except if quantizing an int image, same as a float image) */ if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->request_lossy_int_compress == 0 && bitpix > 0) ffpscl(outfptr, 1.0, 0.0, status); /* Read each image tile, compress, and write to a table row. */ imcomp_compress_image (infptr, outfptr, status); /* force another rescan of the output file keywords, to */ /* update PCOUNT and TFORMn = '1PB(iii)' keyword values. */ ffrdef(outfptr, status); /* unset any previously set compress parameter preferences */ fits_unset_compression_request(outfptr, status); /* fits_get_case(&c1, &c2, &c3); printf("c1, c2, c3 = %d, %d, %d\n", c1, c2, c3); */ return (*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_init_table(fitsfile *outfptr, int inbitpix, int naxis, long *naxes, int writebitpix, /* write the ZBITPIX, ZNAXIS, and ZNAXES keyword? */ int *status) /* create a BINTABLE extension for the output compressed image. */ { char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], zcmptype[12]; int ii, remain, ndiv, addToDim, ncols, bitpix; long nrows; char *ttype[] = {"COMPRESSED_DATA", "ZSCALE", "ZZERO"}; char *tform[3]; char tf0[4], tf1[4], tf2[4]; char *tunit[] = {"\0", "\0", "\0" }; char comm[FLEN_COMMENT]; long actual_tilesize[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* Actual size to use for tiles */ int is_primary=0; /* Is this attempting to write to the primary? */ int nQualifyDims=0; /* For Hcompress, number of image dimensions with required pixels. */ int noHigherDims=1; /* Set to true if all tile dims other than x are size 1. */ int firstDim=-1, secondDim=-1; /* Indices of first and second tiles dimensions with width > 1 */ if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* check for special case of losslessly compressing floating point */ /* images. Only compression algorithm that supports this is GZIP */ if ( (inbitpix < 0) && ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE) ) { if (((outfptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type != GZIP_1) && ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type != GZIP_2)) { ffpmsg("Lossless compression of floating point images must use GZIP (imcomp_init_table)"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } } /* set default compression parameter values, if undefined */ if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type == 0) { /* use RICE_1 by default */ (outfptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type = RICE_1; } if (inbitpix < 0 && (outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level != NO_QUANTIZE) { /* set defaults for quantizing floating point images */ if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_method == 0) { /* set default dithering method */ (outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_method = SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1; } if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level == 0) { if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_method == NO_DITHER) { /* must use finer quantization if no dithering is done */ (outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level = 16; } else { (outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level = 4; } } } /* special case: the quantization level is not given by a keyword in */ /* the HDU header, so we have to explicitly copy the requested value */ /* to the actual value */ /* do this in imcomp_get_compressed_image_par, instead if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level != 0.) (outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_level = (outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level; */ /* test for the 2 special cases that represent unsigned integers */ if (inbitpix == USHORT_IMG) bitpix = SHORT_IMG; else if (inbitpix == ULONG_IMG) bitpix = LONG_IMG; else if (inbitpix == SBYTE_IMG) bitpix = BYTE_IMG; else bitpix = inbitpix; /* reset default tile dimensions too if required */ memcpy(actual_tilesize, outfptr->Fptr->request_tilesize, MAX_COMPRESS_DIM * sizeof(long)); if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type == HCOMPRESS_1) { /* Tiles must ultimately have 2 (and only 2) dimensions, each with at least 4 pixels. First catch the case where the image itself won't allow this. */ if (naxis < 2 ) { ffpmsg("Hcompress cannot be used with 1-dimensional images (imcomp_init_table)"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } for (ii=0; ii= 4) ++nQualifyDims; } if (nQualifyDims < 2) { ffpmsg("Hcompress minimum image dimension is 4 pixels (imcomp_init_table)"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } /* Handle 2 special cases for backwards compatibility. 1) If both X and Y tile dims are set to full size, ignore any other requested dimensions and just set their sizes to 1. 2) If X is full size and all the rest are size 1, attempt to find a reasonable size for Y. All other 1-D tile specifications will be rejected. */ for (ii=1; ii 3) { actual_tilesize[1] = 16; } else if (naxes[1] % 24 == 0 || naxes[1] % 24 > 3) { actual_tilesize[1] = 24; } else if (naxes[1] % 20 == 0 || naxes[1] % 20 > 3) { actual_tilesize[1] = 20; } else if (naxes[1] % 30 == 0 || naxes[1] % 30 > 3) { actual_tilesize[1] = 30; } else if (naxes[1] % 28 == 0 || naxes[1] % 28 > 3) { actual_tilesize[1] = 28; } else if (naxes[1] % 26 == 0 || naxes[1] % 26 > 3) { actual_tilesize[1] = 26; } else if (naxes[1] % 22 == 0 || naxes[1] % 22 > 3) { actual_tilesize[1] = 22; } else if (naxes[1] % 18 == 0 || naxes[1] % 18 > 3) { actual_tilesize[1] = 18; } else if (naxes[1] % 14 == 0 || naxes[1] % 14 > 3) { actual_tilesize[1] = 14; } else { actual_tilesize[1] = 17; } } } else { if (actual_tilesize[0] <= 0) actual_tilesize[0] = naxes[0]; for (ii=1; ii 1) { if (firstDim < 0) firstDim = ii; else if (secondDim < 0) secondDim = ii; else { ffpmsg("Hcompress tiles can only have 2 dimensions (imcomp_init_table)"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } } } if (firstDim < 0 || secondDim < 0) { ffpmsg("Hcompress tiles must have 2 dimensions (imcomp_init_table)"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } if (actual_tilesize[firstDim] < 4 || actual_tilesize[secondDim] < 4) { ffpmsg("Hcompress minimum tile dimension is 4 pixels (imcomp_init_table)"); return (*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } /* check if requested tile size causes the last tile to to have less than 4 pixels */ remain = naxes[firstDim] % (actual_tilesize[firstDim]); /* 1st dimension */ if (remain > 0 && remain < 4) { ndiv = naxes[firstDim]/actual_tilesize[firstDim]; /* integer truncation is intentional */ addToDim = ceil((double)remain/ndiv); (actual_tilesize[firstDim]) += addToDim; /* increase tile size */ remain = naxes[firstDim] % (actual_tilesize[firstDim]); if (remain > 0 && remain < 4) { ffpmsg("Last tile along 1st dimension has less than 4 pixels (imcomp_init_table)"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } } remain = naxes[secondDim] % (actual_tilesize[secondDim]); /* 2nd dimension */ if (remain > 0 && remain < 4) { ndiv = naxes[secondDim]/actual_tilesize[secondDim]; /* integer truncation is intentional */ addToDim = ceil((double)remain/ndiv); (actual_tilesize[secondDim]) += addToDim; /* increase tile size */ remain = naxes[secondDim] % (actual_tilesize[secondDim]); if (remain > 0 && remain < 4) { ffpmsg("Last tile along 2nd dimension has less than 4 pixels (imcomp_init_table)"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } } } /* end, if HCOMPRESS_1 */ for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { if (ii == 0) { /* first axis is different */ if (actual_tilesize[ii] <= 0) { actual_tilesize[ii] = naxes[ii]; } } else { if (actual_tilesize[ii] < 0) { actual_tilesize[ii] = naxes[ii]; /* negative value maean use whole length */ } else if (actual_tilesize[ii] == 0) { actual_tilesize[ii] = 1; /* zero value means use default value = 1 */ } } } /* ---- set up array of TFORM strings -------------------------------*/ if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->request_huge_hdu != 0) { strcpy(tf0, "1QB"); } else { strcpy(tf0, "1PB"); } strcpy(tf1, "1D"); strcpy(tf2, "1D"); tform[0] = tf0; tform[1] = tf1; tform[2] = tf2; /* calculate number of rows in output table */ nrows = 1; for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { nrows = nrows * ((naxes[ii] - 1)/ (actual_tilesize[ii]) + 1); } /* determine the default number of columns in the output table */ if (bitpix < 0 && (outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level != NO_QUANTIZE) ncols = 3; /* quantized and scaled floating point image */ else ncols = 1; /* default table has just one 'COMPRESSED_DATA' column */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type == RICE_1) { strcpy(zcmptype, "RICE_1"); } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type == GZIP_1) { strcpy(zcmptype, "GZIP_1"); } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type == GZIP_2) { strcpy(zcmptype, "GZIP_2"); } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type == BZIP2_1) { strcpy(zcmptype, "BZIP2_1"); } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type == PLIO_1) { strcpy(zcmptype, "PLIO_1"); /* the PLIO compression algorithm outputs short integers, not bytes */ if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->request_huge_hdu != 0) { strcpy(tform[0], "1QI"); } else { strcpy(tform[0], "1PI"); } } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type == HCOMPRESS_1) { strcpy(zcmptype, "HCOMPRESS_1"); } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type == NOCOMPRESS) { strcpy(zcmptype, "NOCOMPRESS"); } else { ffpmsg("unknown compression type (imcomp_init_table)"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } /* If attempting to write compressed image to primary, the call to ffcrtb will increment Fptr->curhdu to 1. Therefore we need to test now for setting is_primary */ is_primary = (outfptr->Fptr->curhdu == 0); /* create the bintable extension to contain the compressed image */ ffcrtb(outfptr, BINARY_TBL, nrows, ncols, ttype, tform, tunit, 0, status); /* Add standard header keywords. */ ffpkyl (outfptr, "ZIMAGE", 1, "extension contains compressed image", status); if (writebitpix) { /* write the keywords defining the datatype and dimensions of */ /* the uncompressed image. If not, these keywords will be */ /* copied later from the input uncompressed image */ if (is_primary) ffpkyl (outfptr, "ZSIMPLE", 1, "file does conform to FITS standard", status); ffpkyj (outfptr, "ZBITPIX", bitpix, "data type of original image", status); ffpkyj (outfptr, "ZNAXIS", naxis, "dimension of original image", status); for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { snprintf (keyname, FLEN_KEYWORD,"ZNAXIS%d", ii+1); ffpkyj (outfptr, keyname, naxes[ii], "length of original image axis", status); } } for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { snprintf (keyname, FLEN_KEYWORD,"ZTILE%d", ii+1); ffpkyj (outfptr, keyname, actual_tilesize[ii], "size of tiles to be compressed", status); } if (bitpix < 0) { if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE) { ffpkys(outfptr, "ZQUANTIZ", "NONE", "Lossless compression without quantization", status); } else { /* Unless dithering has been specifically turned off by setting */ /* request_quantize_method = -1, use dithering by default */ /* when quantizing floating point images. */ if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_method == 0) (outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_method = SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1; /* HCompress must not use SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2. If user is requesting this, assign SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1 instead. */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 && !(strcmp(zcmptype,"HCOMPRESS_1"))) { (outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_method = SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1; fprintf(stderr,"Warning: CFITSIO does not allow subtractive_dither_2 when using Hcompress algorithm.\nWill use subtractive_dither_1 instead.\n"); } if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1) { ffpkys(outfptr, "ZQUANTIZ", "SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1", "Pixel Quantization Algorithm", status); /* also write the associated ZDITHER0 keyword with a default value */ /* which may get updated later. */ ffpky(outfptr, TINT, "ZDITHER0", &((outfptr->Fptr)->request_dither_seed), "dithering offset when quantizing floats", status); } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2) { ffpkys(outfptr, "ZQUANTIZ", "SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2", "Pixel Quantization Algorithm", status); /* also write the associated ZDITHER0 keyword with a default value */ /* which may get updated later. */ ffpky(outfptr, TINT, "ZDITHER0", &((outfptr->Fptr)->request_dither_seed), "dithering offset when quantizing floats", status); if (!strcmp(zcmptype, "RICE_1")) { /* when using this new dithering method, change the compression type */ /* to an alias, so that old versions of funpack will not be able to */ /* created a corrupted uncompressed image. */ /* ******* can remove this cludge after about June 2015, after most old versions of fpack are gone */ strcpy(zcmptype, "RICE_ONE"); } } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_method == NO_DITHER) { ffpkys(outfptr, "ZQUANTIZ", "NO_DITHER", "No dithering during quantization", status); } } } ffpkys (outfptr, "ZCMPTYPE", zcmptype, "compression algorithm", status); /* write any algorithm-specific keywords */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type == RICE_1) { ffpkys (outfptr, "ZNAME1", "BLOCKSIZE", "compression block size", status); /* for now at least, the block size is always 32 */ ffpkyj (outfptr, "ZVAL1", 32, "pixels per block", status); ffpkys (outfptr, "ZNAME2", "BYTEPIX", "bytes per pixel (1, 2, 4, or 8)", status); if (bitpix == BYTE_IMG) ffpkyj (outfptr, "ZVAL2", 1, "bytes per pixel (1, 2, 4, or 8)", status); else if (bitpix == SHORT_IMG) ffpkyj (outfptr, "ZVAL2", 2, "bytes per pixel (1, 2, 4, or 8)", status); else ffpkyj (outfptr, "ZVAL2", 4, "bytes per pixel (1, 2, 4, or 8)", status); } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type == HCOMPRESS_1) { ffpkys (outfptr, "ZNAME1", "SCALE", "HCOMPRESS scale factor", status); ffpkye (outfptr, "ZVAL1", (outfptr->Fptr)->request_hcomp_scale, 7, "HCOMPRESS scale factor", status); ffpkys (outfptr, "ZNAME2", "SMOOTH", "HCOMPRESS smooth option", status); ffpkyj (outfptr, "ZVAL2", (long) (outfptr->Fptr)->request_hcomp_smooth, "HCOMPRESS smooth option", status); } /* Write the BSCALE and BZERO keywords, if an unsigned integer image */ if (inbitpix == USHORT_IMG) { strcpy(comm, "offset data range to that of unsigned short"); ffpkyg(outfptr, "BZERO", 32768., 0, comm, status); strcpy(comm, "default scaling factor"); ffpkyg(outfptr, "BSCALE", 1.0, 0, comm, status); } else if (inbitpix == SBYTE_IMG) { strcpy(comm, "offset data range to that of signed byte"); ffpkyg(outfptr, "BZERO", -128., 0, comm, status); strcpy(comm, "default scaling factor"); ffpkyg(outfptr, "BSCALE", 1.0, 0, comm, status); } else if (inbitpix == ULONG_IMG) { strcpy(comm, "offset data range to that of unsigned long"); ffpkyg(outfptr, "BZERO", 2147483648., 0, comm, status); strcpy(comm, "default scaling factor"); ffpkyg(outfptr, "BSCALE", 1.0, 0, comm, status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_calc_max_elem (int comptype, int nx, int zbitpix, int blocksize) /* This function returns the maximum number of bytes in a compressed image line. nx = maximum number of pixels in a tile blocksize is only relevant for RICE compression */ { if (comptype == RICE_1) { if (zbitpix == 16) return (sizeof(short) * nx + nx / blocksize + 2 + 4); else return (sizeof(float) * nx + nx / blocksize + 2 + 4); } else if ((comptype == GZIP_1) || (comptype == GZIP_2)) { /* gzip usually compressed by at least a factor of 2 for I*4 images */ /* and somewhat less for I*2 images */ /* If this size turns out to be too small, then the gzip */ /* compression routine will allocate more space as required */ /* to be on the safe size, allocate buffer same size as input */ if (zbitpix == 16) return(nx * 2); else if (zbitpix == 8) return(nx); else return(nx * 4); } else if (comptype == BZIP2_1) { /* To guarantee that the compressed data will fit, allocate an output buffer of size 1% larger than the uncompressed data, plus 600 bytes */ return((int) (nx * 1.01 * zbitpix / 8. + 601.)); } else if (comptype == HCOMPRESS_1) { /* Imperical evidence suggests in the worst case, the compressed stream could be up to 10% larger than the original image. Add 26 byte overhead, only significant for very small tiles Possible improvement: may need to allow a larger size for 32-bit images */ if (zbitpix == 16 || zbitpix == 8) return( (int) (nx * 2.2 + 26)); /* will be compressing 16-bit int array */ else return( (int) (nx * 4.4 + 26)); /* will be compressing 32-bit int array */ } else return(nx * sizeof(int)); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_compress_image (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status) /* This routine does the following: - reads an image one tile at a time - if it is a float or double image, then it tries to quantize the pixels into scaled integers. - it then compressess the integer pixels, or if the it was not possible to quantize the floating point pixels, then it losslessly compresses them with gzip - writes the compressed byte stream to the output FITS file */ { double *tiledata; int anynul, gotnulls = 0, datatype; long ii, row; int naxis; double dummy = 0., dblnull = DOUBLENULLVALUE; float fltnull = FLOATNULLVALUE; long maxtilelen, tilelen, incre[] = {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1}; long naxes[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], fpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long lpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], tile[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long tilesize[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long i0, i1, i2, i3, i4, i5, trowsize, ntrows; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); maxtilelen = (outfptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen; /* Allocate buffer to hold 1 tile of data; size depends on which compression algorithm is used: Rice and GZIP will compress byte, short, or int arrays without conversion. PLIO requires 4-byte int values, so byte and short arrays must be converted to int. HCompress internally converts byte or short values to ints, and converts int values to 8-byte longlong integers. */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == FLOAT_IMG) { datatype = TFLOAT; if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == HCOMPRESS_1) { /* need twice as much scratch space (8 bytes per pixel) */ tiledata = (double*) malloc (maxtilelen * 2 *sizeof (float)); } else { tiledata = (double*) malloc (maxtilelen * sizeof (float)); } } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == DOUBLE_IMG) { datatype = TDOUBLE; tiledata = (double*) malloc (maxtilelen * sizeof (double)); } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == SHORT_IMG) { datatype = TSHORT; if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == RICE_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == BZIP2_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == NOCOMPRESS) { /* only need buffer of I*2 pixels for gzip, bzip2, and Rice */ tiledata = (double*) malloc (maxtilelen * sizeof (short)); } else { /* need buffer of I*4 pixels for Hcompress and PLIO */ tiledata = (double*) malloc (maxtilelen * sizeof (int)); } } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == BYTE_IMG) { datatype = TBYTE; if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == RICE_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == BZIP2_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2) { /* only need buffer of I*1 pixels for gzip, bzip2, and Rice */ tiledata = (double*) malloc (maxtilelen); } else { /* need buffer of I*4 pixels for Hcompress and PLIO */ tiledata = (double*) malloc (maxtilelen * sizeof (int)); } } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == LONG_IMG) { datatype = TINT; if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == HCOMPRESS_1) { /* need twice as much scratch space (8 bytes per pixel) */ tiledata = (double*) malloc (maxtilelen * 2 * sizeof (int)); } else { /* only need buffer of I*4 pixels for gzip, bzip2, Rice, and PLIO */ tiledata = (double*) malloc (maxtilelen * sizeof (int)); } } else { ffpmsg("Bad image datatype. (imcomp_compress_image)"); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } if (tiledata == NULL) { ffpmsg("Out of memory. (imcomp_compress_image)"); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* calculate size of tile in each dimension */ naxis = (outfptr->Fptr)->zndim; for (ii = 0; ii < MAX_COMPRESS_DIM; ii++) { if (ii < naxis) { naxes[ii] = (outfptr->Fptr)->znaxis[ii]; tilesize[ii] = (outfptr->Fptr)->tilesize[ii]; } else { naxes[ii] = 1; tilesize[ii] = 1; } } row = 1; /* set up big loop over up to 6 dimensions */ for (i5 = 1; i5 <= naxes[5]; i5 += tilesize[5]) { fpixel[5] = i5; lpixel[5] = minvalue(i5 + tilesize[5] - 1, naxes[5]); tile[5] = lpixel[5] - fpixel[5] + 1; for (i4 = 1; i4 <= naxes[4]; i4 += tilesize[4]) { fpixel[4] = i4; lpixel[4] = minvalue(i4 + tilesize[4] - 1, naxes[4]); tile[4] = lpixel[4] - fpixel[4] + 1; for (i3 = 1; i3 <= naxes[3]; i3 += tilesize[3]) { fpixel[3] = i3; lpixel[3] = minvalue(i3 + tilesize[3] - 1, naxes[3]); tile[3] = lpixel[3] - fpixel[3] + 1; for (i2 = 1; i2 <= naxes[2]; i2 += tilesize[2]) { fpixel[2] = i2; lpixel[2] = minvalue(i2 + tilesize[2] - 1, naxes[2]); tile[2] = lpixel[2] - fpixel[2] + 1; for (i1 = 1; i1 <= naxes[1]; i1 += tilesize[1]) { fpixel[1] = i1; lpixel[1] = minvalue(i1 + tilesize[1] - 1, naxes[1]); tile[1] = lpixel[1] - fpixel[1] + 1; for (i0 = 1; i0 <= naxes[0]; i0 += tilesize[0]) { fpixel[0] = i0; lpixel[0] = minvalue(i0 + tilesize[0] - 1, naxes[0]); tile[0] = lpixel[0] - fpixel[0] + 1; /* number of pixels in this tile */ tilelen = tile[0]; for (ii = 1; ii < naxis; ii++) { tilelen *= tile[ii]; } /* read next tile of data from image */ anynul = 0; if (datatype == TFLOAT) { ffgsve(infptr, 1, naxis, naxes, fpixel, lpixel, incre, FLOATNULLVALUE, (float *) tiledata, &anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { ffgsvd(infptr, 1, naxis, naxes, fpixel, lpixel, incre, DOUBLENULLVALUE, tiledata, &anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { ffgsvk(infptr, 1, naxis, naxes, fpixel, lpixel, incre, 0, (int *) tiledata, &anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { ffgsvi(infptr, 1, naxis, naxes, fpixel, lpixel, incre, 0, (short *) tiledata, &anynul, status); } else if (datatype == TBYTE) { ffgsvb(infptr, 1, naxis, naxes, fpixel, lpixel, incre, 0, (unsigned char *) tiledata, &anynul, status); } else { ffpmsg("Error bad datatype of image tile to compress"); free(tiledata); return (*status); } /* now compress the tile, and write to row of binary table */ /* NOTE: we don't have to worry about the presence of null values in the array if it is an integer array: the null value is simply encoded in the compressed array just like any other pixel value. If it is a floating point array, then we need to check for null only if the anynul parameter returned a true value when reading the tile */ /* Collapse sizes of higher dimension tiles into 2 dimensional equivalents needed by the quantizing algorithms for floating point types */ fits_calc_tile_rows(lpixel, fpixel, naxis, &trowsize, &ntrows, status); if (anynul && datatype == TFLOAT) { imcomp_compress_tile(outfptr, row, datatype, tiledata, tilelen, trowsize, ntrows, 1, &fltnull, status); } else if (anynul && datatype == TDOUBLE) { imcomp_compress_tile(outfptr, row, datatype, tiledata, tilelen, trowsize, ntrows, 1, &dblnull, status); } else { imcomp_compress_tile(outfptr, row, datatype, tiledata, tilelen, trowsize, ntrows, 0, &dummy, status); } /* set flag if we found any null values */ if (anynul) gotnulls = 1; /* check for any error in the previous operations */ if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("Error writing compressed image to table"); free(tiledata); return (*status); } row++; } } } } } } free (tiledata); /* finished with this buffer */ /* insert ZBLANK keyword if necessary; only for TFLOAT or TDOUBLE images */ if (gotnulls) { ffgcrd(outfptr, "ZCMPTYPE", card, status); ffikyj(outfptr, "ZBLANK", COMPRESS_NULL_VALUE, "null value in the compressed integer array", status); } return (*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_compress_tile (fitsfile *outfptr, long row, /* tile number = row in the binary table that holds the compressed data */ int datatype, void *tiledata, long tilelen, long tilenx, long tileny, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int *status) /* This is the main compression routine. This routine does the following to the input tile of pixels: - if it is a float or double image, then it quantizes the pixels - compresses the integer pixel values - writes the compressed byte stream to the FITS file. If the tile cannot be quantized than the raw float or double values are losslessly compressed with gzip and then written to the output table. This input array may be modified by this routine. If the array is of type TINT or TFLOAT, and the compression type is HCOMPRESS, then it must have been allocated to be twice as large (8 bytes per pixel) to provide scratch space. Note that this routine does not fully support the implicit datatype conversion that is supported when writing to normal FITS images. The datatype of the input array must have the same datatype (either signed or unsigned) as the output (compressed) FITS image in some cases. */ { int *idata; /* quantized integer data */ int cn_zblank, zbitpix, nullval; int flag = 1; /* true by default; only = 0 if float data couldn't be quantized */ int intlength; /* size of integers to be compressed */ double scale, zero, actual_bzero; long ii; size_t clen; /* size of cbuf */ short *cbuf; /* compressed data */ int nelem = 0; /* number of bytes */ int tilecol; size_t gzip_nelem = 0; unsigned int bzlen; int ihcompscale; float hcompscale; double noise2, noise3, noise5; double bscale[1] = {1.}, bzero[1] = {0.}; /* scaling parameters */ long hcomp_len; LONGLONG *lldata; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* check for special case of losslessly compressing floating point */ /* images. Only compression algorithm that supports this is GZIP */ if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE) { if (((outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type != GZIP_1) && ((outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type != GZIP_2)) { switch (datatype) { case TFLOAT: case TDOUBLE: case TCOMPLEX: case TDBLCOMPLEX: ffpmsg("Lossless compression of floating point images must use GZIP (imcomp_compress_tile)"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); default: break; } } } /* free the previously saved tile if the input tile is for the same row */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->tilerow) { /* has the tile cache been allocated? */ /* calculate the column bin of the compressed tile */ tilecol = (row - 1) % ((long)(((outfptr->Fptr)->znaxis[0] - 1) / ((outfptr->Fptr)->tilesize[0])) + 1); if ((outfptr->Fptr)->tilerow[tilecol] == row) { if (((outfptr->Fptr)->tiledata)[tilecol]) { free(((outfptr->Fptr)->tiledata)[tilecol]); } if (((outfptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray)[tilecol]) { free(((outfptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray)[tilecol]); } ((outfptr->Fptr)->tiledata)[tilecol] = 0; ((outfptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray)[tilecol] = 0; (outfptr->Fptr)->tilerow[tilecol] = 0; (outfptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize[tilecol] = 0; (outfptr->Fptr)->tiletype[tilecol] = 0; (outfptr->Fptr)->tileanynull[tilecol] = 0; } } if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == NOCOMPRESS) { /* Special case when using NOCOMPRESS for diagnostic purposes in fpack */ if (imcomp_write_nocompress_tile(outfptr, row, datatype, tiledata, tilelen, nullcheck, nullflagval, status) > 0) { return(*status); } return(*status); } /* =========================================================================== */ /* initialize various parameters */ idata = (int *) tiledata; /* may overwrite the input tiledata in place */ /* zbitpix is the BITPIX keyword value in the uncompressed FITS image */ zbitpix = (outfptr->Fptr)->zbitpix; /* if the tile/image has an integer datatype, see if a null value has */ /* been defined (with the BLANK keyword in a normal FITS image). */ /* If so, and if the input tile array also contains null pixels, */ /* (represented by pixels that have a value = nullflagval) then */ /* any pixels whose value = nullflagval, must be set to the value = nullval */ /* before the pixel array is compressed. These null pixel values must */ /* not be inverse scaled by the BSCALE/BZERO values, if present. */ cn_zblank = (outfptr->Fptr)->cn_zblank; nullval = (outfptr->Fptr)->zblank; if (zbitpix > 0 && cn_zblank != -1) /* If the integer image has no defined null */ nullcheck = 0; /* value, then don't bother checking input array for nulls. */ /* if the BSCALE and BZERO keywords exist, then the input values must */ /* be inverse scaled by this factor, before the values are compressed. */ /* (The program may have turned off scaling, which over rides the keywords) */ scale = (outfptr->Fptr)->cn_bscale; zero = (outfptr->Fptr)->cn_bzero; actual_bzero = (outfptr->Fptr)->cn_actual_bzero; /* =========================================================================== */ /* prepare the tile of pixel values for compression */ if (datatype == TSHORT) { imcomp_convert_tile_tshort(outfptr, tiledata, tilelen, nullcheck, nullflagval, nullval, zbitpix, scale, zero, actual_bzero, &intlength, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { imcomp_convert_tile_tushort(outfptr, tiledata, tilelen, nullcheck, nullflagval, nullval, zbitpix, scale, zero, &intlength, status); } else if (datatype == TBYTE) { imcomp_convert_tile_tbyte(outfptr, tiledata, tilelen, nullcheck, nullflagval, nullval, zbitpix, scale, zero, &intlength, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { imcomp_convert_tile_tsbyte(outfptr, tiledata, tilelen, nullcheck, nullflagval, nullval, zbitpix, scale, zero, &intlength, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { imcomp_convert_tile_tint(outfptr, tiledata, tilelen, nullcheck, nullflagval, nullval, zbitpix, scale, zero, &intlength, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { imcomp_convert_tile_tuint(outfptr, tiledata, tilelen, nullcheck, nullflagval, nullval, zbitpix, scale, zero, &intlength, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG && sizeof(long) == 8) { ffpmsg("Integer*8 Long datatype is not supported when writing to compressed images"); return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); } else if (datatype == TULONG && sizeof(long) == 8) { ffpmsg("Unsigned integer*8 datatype is not supported when writing to compressed images"); return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { imcomp_convert_tile_tfloat(outfptr, row, tiledata, tilelen, tilenx, tileny, nullcheck, nullflagval, nullval, zbitpix, scale, zero, &intlength, &flag, bscale, bzero, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { imcomp_convert_tile_tdouble(outfptr, row, tiledata, tilelen, tilenx, tileny, nullcheck, nullflagval, nullval, zbitpix, scale, zero, &intlength, &flag, bscale, bzero, status); } else { ffpmsg("unsupported image datatype (imcomp_compress_tile)"); return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); } if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* return if error occurs */ /* =========================================================================== */ if (flag) /* now compress the integer data array */ { /* allocate buffer for the compressed tile bytes */ clen = (outfptr->Fptr)->maxelem; cbuf = (short *) calloc (clen, sizeof (unsigned char)); if (cbuf == NULL) { ffpmsg("Memory allocation failure. (imcomp_compress_tile)"); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* =========================================================================== */ if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == RICE_1) { if (intlength == 2) { nelem = fits_rcomp_short ((short *)idata, tilelen, (unsigned char *) cbuf, clen, (outfptr->Fptr)->rice_blocksize); } else if (intlength == 1) { nelem = fits_rcomp_byte ((signed char *)idata, tilelen, (unsigned char *) cbuf, clen, (outfptr->Fptr)->rice_blocksize); } else { nelem = fits_rcomp (idata, tilelen, (unsigned char *) cbuf, clen, (outfptr->Fptr)->rice_blocksize); } if (nelem < 0) /* data compression error condition */ { free (cbuf); ffpmsg("error Rice compressing image tile (imcomp_compress_tile)"); return (*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } /* Write the compressed byte stream. */ ffpclb(outfptr, (outfptr->Fptr)->cn_compressed, row, 1, nelem, (unsigned char *) cbuf, status); } /* =========================================================================== */ else if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == PLIO_1) { for (ii = 0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { if (idata[ii] < 0 || idata[ii] > 16777215) { /* plio algorithn only supports positive 24 bit ints */ ffpmsg("data out of range for PLIO compression (0 - 2**24)"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } } nelem = pl_p2li (idata, 1, cbuf, tilelen); if (nelem < 0) /* data compression error condition */ { free (cbuf); ffpmsg("error PLIO compressing image tile (imcomp_compress_tile)"); return (*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } /* Write the compressed byte stream. */ ffpcli(outfptr, (outfptr->Fptr)->cn_compressed, row, 1, nelem, cbuf, status); } /* =========================================================================== */ else if ( ((outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_1) || ((outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2) ) { if ((outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE && datatype == TFLOAT) { /* Special case of losslessly compressing floating point pixels with GZIP */ /* In this case we compress the input tile array directly */ #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap4((int*) tiledata, tilelen); #endif if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 ) fits_shuffle_4bytes((char *) tiledata, tilelen, status); compress2mem_from_mem((char *) tiledata, tilelen * sizeof(float), (char **) &cbuf, &clen, realloc, &gzip_nelem, status); } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE && datatype == TDOUBLE) { /* Special case of losslessly compressing double pixels with GZIP */ /* In this case we compress the input tile array directly */ #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap8((double *) tiledata, tilelen); #endif if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 ) fits_shuffle_8bytes((char *) tiledata, tilelen, status); compress2mem_from_mem((char *) tiledata, tilelen * sizeof(double), (char **) &cbuf, &clen, realloc, &gzip_nelem, status); } else { /* compress the integer idata array */ #if BYTESWAPPED if (intlength == 2) ffswap2((short *) idata, tilelen); else if (intlength == 4) ffswap4(idata, tilelen); #endif if (intlength == 2) { if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 ) fits_shuffle_2bytes((char *) tiledata, tilelen, status); compress2mem_from_mem((char *) idata, tilelen * sizeof(short), (char **) &cbuf, &clen, realloc, &gzip_nelem, status); } else if (intlength == 1) { compress2mem_from_mem((char *) idata, tilelen * sizeof(unsigned char), (char **) &cbuf, &clen, realloc, &gzip_nelem, status); } else { if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 ) fits_shuffle_4bytes((char *) tiledata, tilelen, status); compress2mem_from_mem((char *) idata, tilelen * sizeof(int), (char **) &cbuf, &clen, realloc, &gzip_nelem, status); } } /* Write the compressed byte stream. */ ffpclb(outfptr, (outfptr->Fptr)->cn_compressed, row, 1, gzip_nelem, (unsigned char *) cbuf, status); /* =========================================================================== */ } else if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == BZIP2_1) { #if BYTESWAPPED if (intlength == 2) ffswap2((short *) idata, tilelen); else if (intlength == 4) ffswap4(idata, tilelen); #endif bzlen = (unsigned int) clen; /* call bzip2 with blocksize = 900K, verbosity = 0, and default workfactor */ /* bzip2 is not supported in the public release. This is only for test purposes. if (BZ2_bzBuffToBuffCompress( (char *) cbuf, &bzlen, (char *) idata, (unsigned int) (tilelen * intlength), 9, 0, 0) ) */ { ffpmsg("bzip2 compression error"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } /* Write the compressed byte stream. */ ffpclb(outfptr, (outfptr->Fptr)->cn_compressed, row, 1, bzlen, (unsigned char *) cbuf, status); /* =========================================================================== */ } else if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == HCOMPRESS_1) { /* if hcompscale is positive, then we have to multiply the value by the RMS background noise to get the absolute scale value. If negative, then it gives the absolute scale value directly. */ hcompscale = (outfptr->Fptr)->hcomp_scale; if (hcompscale > 0.) { fits_img_stats_int(idata, tilenx, tileny, nullcheck, nullval, 0,0,0,0,0,0,&noise2,&noise3,&noise5,status); /* use the minimum of the 3 noise estimates */ if (noise2 != 0. && noise2 < noise3) noise3 = noise2; if (noise5 != 0. && noise5 < noise3) noise3 = noise5; hcompscale = (float) (hcompscale * noise3); } else if (hcompscale < 0.) { hcompscale = hcompscale * -1.0F; } ihcompscale = (int) (hcompscale + 0.5); hcomp_len = clen; /* allocated size of the buffer */ if (zbitpix == BYTE_IMG || zbitpix == SHORT_IMG) { fits_hcompress(idata, tilenx, tileny, ihcompscale, (char *) cbuf, &hcomp_len, status); } else { /* have to convert idata to an I*8 array, in place */ /* idata must have been allocated large enough to do this */ fits_int_to_longlong_inplace(idata, tilelen, status); lldata = (LONGLONG *) idata; fits_hcompress64(lldata, tilenx, tileny, ihcompscale, (char *) cbuf, &hcomp_len, status); } /* Write the compressed byte stream. */ ffpclb(outfptr, (outfptr->Fptr)->cn_compressed, row, 1, hcomp_len, (unsigned char *) cbuf, status); } /* =========================================================================== */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->cn_zscale > 0) { /* write the linear scaling parameters for this tile */ ffpcld (outfptr, (outfptr->Fptr)->cn_zscale, row, 1, 1, bscale, status); ffpcld (outfptr, (outfptr->Fptr)->cn_zzero, row, 1, 1, bzero, status); } free(cbuf); /* finished with this buffer */ /* =========================================================================== */ } else { /* if flag == 0., floating point data couldn't be quantized */ /* losslessly compress the data with gzip. */ /* if gzip2 compressed data column doesn't exist, create it */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->cn_gzip_data < 1) { if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->request_huge_hdu != 0) { fits_insert_col(outfptr, 999, "GZIP_COMPRESSED_DATA", "1QB", status); } else { fits_insert_col(outfptr, 999, "GZIP_COMPRESSED_DATA", "1PB", status); } if (*status <= 0) /* save the number of this column */ ffgcno(outfptr, CASEINSEN, "GZIP_COMPRESSED_DATA", &(outfptr->Fptr)->cn_gzip_data, status); } if (datatype == TFLOAT) { /* allocate buffer for the compressed tile bytes */ /* make it 10% larger than the original uncompressed data */ clen = (size_t) (tilelen * sizeof(float) * 1.1); cbuf = (short *) calloc (clen, sizeof (unsigned char)); if (cbuf == NULL) { ffpmsg("Memory allocation error. (imcomp_compress_tile)"); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* convert null values to NaNs in place, if necessary */ if (nullcheck == 1) { imcomp_float2nan((float *) tiledata, tilelen, (int *) tiledata, *(float *) (nullflagval), status); } #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap4((int*) tiledata, tilelen); #endif compress2mem_from_mem((char *) tiledata, tilelen * sizeof(float), (char **) &cbuf, &clen, realloc, &gzip_nelem, status); } else { /* datatype == TDOUBLE */ /* allocate buffer for the compressed tile bytes */ /* make it 10% larger than the original uncompressed data */ clen = (size_t) (tilelen * sizeof(double) * 1.1); cbuf = (short *) calloc (clen, sizeof (unsigned char)); if (cbuf == NULL) { ffpmsg("Memory allocation error. (imcomp_compress_tile)"); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* convert null values to NaNs in place, if necessary */ if (nullcheck == 1) { imcomp_double2nan((double *) tiledata, tilelen, (LONGLONG *) tiledata, *(double *) (nullflagval), status); } #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap8((double*) tiledata, tilelen); #endif compress2mem_from_mem((char *) tiledata, tilelen * sizeof(double), (char **) &cbuf, &clen, realloc, &gzip_nelem, status); } /* Write the compressed byte stream. */ ffpclb(outfptr, (outfptr->Fptr)->cn_gzip_data, row, 1, gzip_nelem, (unsigned char *) cbuf, status); free(cbuf); /* finished with this buffer */ } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_write_nocompress_tile(fitsfile *outfptr, long row, int datatype, void *tiledata, long tilelen, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int *status) { char coltype[4]; /* Write the uncompressed image tile pixels to the tile-compressed image file. */ /* This is a special case when using NOCOMPRESS for diagnostic purposes in fpack. */ /* Currently, this only supports a limited number of data types and */ /* does not fully support null-valued pixels in the image. */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->cn_uncompressed < 1) { /* uncompressed data column doesn't exist, so append new column to table */ if (datatype == TSHORT) { strcpy(coltype, "1PI"); } else if (datatype == TINT) { strcpy(coltype, "1PJ"); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { strcpy(coltype, "1QE"); } else { ffpmsg("NOCOMPRESSION option only supported for int*2, int*4, and float*4 images"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } fits_insert_col(outfptr, 999, "UNCOMPRESSED_DATA", coltype, status); /* create column */ } fits_get_colnum(outfptr, CASEINSEN, "UNCOMPRESSED_DATA", &(outfptr->Fptr)->cn_uncompressed, status); /* save col. num. */ fits_write_col(outfptr, datatype, (outfptr->Fptr)->cn_uncompressed, row, 1, tilelen, tiledata, status); /* write the tile data */ return (*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_convert_tile_tshort( fitsfile *outfptr, void *tiledata, long tilelen, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, double actual_bzero, int *intlength, int *status) { /* Prepare the input tile array of pixels for compression. */ /* Convert input integer*2 tile array in place to 4 or 8-byte ints for compression, */ /* If needed, convert 4 or 8-byte ints and do null value substitution. */ /* Note that the calling routine must have allocated the input array big enough */ /* to be able to do this. */ short *sbuff; int flagval, *idata; long ii; /* We only support writing this integer*2 tile data to a FITS image with BITPIX = 16 and with BZERO = 0 and BSCALE = 1. */ if (zbitpix != SHORT_IMG || scale != 1.0 || zero != 0.0) { ffpmsg("Datatype conversion/scaling is not supported when writing to compressed images"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } sbuff = (short *) tiledata; idata = (int *) tiledata; if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == RICE_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == BZIP2_1 ) { /* don't have to convert to int if using gzip, bzip2 or Rice compression */ *intlength = 2; if (nullcheck == 1) { /* reset pixels equal to flagval to the FITS null value, prior to compression */ flagval = *(short *) (nullflagval); if (flagval != nullval) { for (ii = tilelen - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (sbuff[ii] == (short) flagval) sbuff[ii] = (short) nullval; } } } } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == HCOMPRESS_1) { /* have to convert to int if using HCOMPRESS */ *intlength = 4; if (nullcheck == 1) { /* reset pixels equal to flagval to the FITS null value, prior to compression */ flagval = *(short *) (nullflagval); for (ii = tilelen - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (sbuff[ii] == (short) flagval) idata[ii] = nullval; else idata[ii] = (int) sbuff[ii]; } } else { /* just do the data type conversion to int */ /* have to convert sbuff to an I*4 array, in place */ /* sbuff must have been allocated large enough to do this */ fits_short_to_int_inplace(sbuff, tilelen, 0, status); } } else { /* have to convert to int if using PLIO */ *intlength = 4; if (zero == 0. && actual_bzero == 32768.) { /* Here we are compressing unsigned 16-bit integers that have */ /* been offset by -32768 using the standard FITS convention. */ /* Since PLIO cannot deal with negative values, we must apply */ /* the shift of 32786 to the values to make them all positive. */ /* The inverse negative shift will be applied in */ /* imcomp_decompress_tile when reading the compressed tile. */ if (nullcheck == 1) { /* reset pixels equal to flagval to the FITS null value, prior to compression */ flagval = *(short *) (nullflagval); for (ii = tilelen - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (sbuff[ii] == (short) flagval) idata[ii] = nullval; else idata[ii] = (int) sbuff[ii] + 32768; } } else { /* have to convert sbuff to an I*4 array, in place */ /* sbuff must have been allocated large enough to do this */ fits_short_to_int_inplace(sbuff, tilelen, 32768, status); } } else { /* This is not an unsigned 16-bit integer array, so process normally */ if (nullcheck == 1) { /* reset pixels equal to flagval to the FITS null value, prior to compression */ flagval = *(short *) (nullflagval); for (ii = tilelen - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (sbuff[ii] == (short) flagval) idata[ii] = nullval; else idata[ii] = (int) sbuff[ii]; } } else { /* just do the data type conversion to int */ /* have to convert sbuff to an I*4 array, in place */ /* sbuff must have been allocated large enough to do this */ fits_short_to_int_inplace(sbuff, tilelen, 0, status); } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_convert_tile_tushort( fitsfile *outfptr, void *tiledata, long tilelen, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, int *intlength, int *status) { /* Prepare the input tile array of pixels for compression. */ /* Convert input unsigned integer*2 tile array in place to 4 or 8-byte ints for compression, */ /* If needed, convert 4 or 8-byte ints and do null value substitution. */ /* Note that the calling routine must have allocated the input array big enough */ /* to be able to do this. */ unsigned short *usbuff; short *sbuff; int flagval, *idata; long ii; /* datatype of input array is unsigned short. We only support writing this datatype to a FITS image with BITPIX = 16 and with BZERO = 0 and BSCALE = 32768. */ if (zbitpix != SHORT_IMG || scale != 1.0 || zero != 32768.) { ffpmsg("Implicit datatype conversion is not supported when writing to compressed images"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } usbuff = (unsigned short *) tiledata; sbuff = (short *) tiledata; idata = (int *) tiledata; if ((outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == RICE_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == BZIP2_1) { /* don't have to convert to int if using gzip, bzip2, or Rice compression */ *intlength = 2; /* offset the unsigned value by -32768 to a signed short value. */ /* It is more efficient to do this by just flipping the most significant of the 16 bits */ if (nullcheck == 1) { /* reset pixels equal to flagval to the FITS null value, prior to compression */ flagval = *(unsigned short *) (nullflagval); for (ii = tilelen - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (usbuff[ii] == (unsigned short) flagval) sbuff[ii] = (short) nullval; else usbuff[ii] = (usbuff[ii]) ^ 0x8000; } } else { /* just offset the pixel values by 32768 (by flipping the MSB */ for (ii = tilelen - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) usbuff[ii] = (usbuff[ii]) ^ 0x8000; } } else { /* have to convert to int if using HCOMPRESS or PLIO */ *intlength = 4; if (nullcheck == 1) { /* offset the pixel values by 32768, and */ /* reset pixels equal to flagval to nullval */ flagval = *(unsigned short *) (nullflagval); for (ii = tilelen - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (usbuff[ii] == (unsigned short) flagval) idata[ii] = nullval; else idata[ii] = ((int) usbuff[ii]) - 32768; } } else { /* just do the data type conversion to int */ /* for HCOMPRESS we need to simply subtract 32768 */ /* for PLIO, have to convert usbuff to an I*4 array, in place */ /* usbuff must have been allocated large enough to do this */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == HCOMPRESS_1) { fits_ushort_to_int_inplace(usbuff, tilelen, -32768, status); } else { fits_ushort_to_int_inplace(usbuff, tilelen, 0, status); } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_convert_tile_tint( fitsfile *outfptr, void *tiledata, long tilelen, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, int *intlength, int *status) { /* Prepare the input tile array of pixels for compression. */ /* Convert input integer tile array in place to 4 or 8-byte ints for compression, */ /* If needed, do null value substitution. */ int flagval, *idata; long ii; /* datatype of input array is int. We only support writing this datatype to a FITS image with BITPIX = 32 and with BZERO = 0 and BSCALE = 1. */ if (zbitpix != LONG_IMG || scale != 1.0 || zero != 0.) { ffpmsg("Implicit datatype conversion is not supported when writing to compressed images"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } idata = (int *) tiledata; *intlength = 4; if (nullcheck == 1) { /* no datatype conversion is required for any of the compression algorithms, except possibly for HCOMPRESS (to I*8), which is handled later. Just reset pixels equal to flagval to the FITS null value */ flagval = *(int *) (nullflagval); if (flagval != nullval) { for (ii = tilelen - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (idata[ii] == flagval) idata[ii] = nullval; } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_convert_tile_tuint( fitsfile *outfptr, void *tiledata, long tilelen, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, int *intlength, int *status) { /* Prepare the input tile array of pixels for compression. */ /* Convert input unsigned integer tile array in place to 4 or 8-byte ints for compression, */ /* If needed, do null value substitution. */ int *idata; unsigned int *uintbuff, uintflagval; long ii; /* datatype of input array is unsigned int. We only support writing this datatype to a FITS image with BITPIX = 32 and with BZERO = 0 and BSCALE = 2147483648. */ if (zbitpix != LONG_IMG || scale != 1.0 || zero != 2147483648.) { ffpmsg("Implicit datatype conversion is not supported when writing to compressed images"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } *intlength = 4; idata = (int *) tiledata; uintbuff = (unsigned int *) tiledata; /* offset the unsigned value by -2147483648 to a signed int value. */ /* It is more efficient to do this by just flipping the most significant of the 32 bits */ if (nullcheck == 1) { /* reset pixels equal to flagval to nullval and */ /* offset the other pixel values (by flipping the MSB) */ uintflagval = *(unsigned int *) (nullflagval); for (ii = tilelen - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (uintbuff[ii] == uintflagval) idata[ii] = nullval; else uintbuff[ii] = (uintbuff[ii]) ^ 0x80000000; } } else { /* just offset the pixel values (by flipping the MSB) */ for (ii = tilelen - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) uintbuff[ii] = (uintbuff[ii]) ^ 0x80000000; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_convert_tile_tbyte( fitsfile *outfptr, void *tiledata, long tilelen, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, int *intlength, int *status) { /* Prepare the input tile array of pixels for compression. */ /* Convert input unsigned integer*1 tile array in place to 4 or 8-byte ints for compression, */ /* If needed, convert 4 or 8-byte ints and do null value substitution. */ /* Note that the calling routine must have allocated the input array big enough */ /* to be able to do this. */ int flagval, *idata; long ii; unsigned char *usbbuff; /* datatype of input array is unsigned byte. We only support writing this datatype to a FITS image with BITPIX = 8 and with BZERO = 0 and BSCALE = 1. */ if (zbitpix != BYTE_IMG || scale != 1.0 || zero != 0.) { ffpmsg("Implicit datatype conversion is not supported when writing to compressed images"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } idata = (int *) tiledata; usbbuff = (unsigned char *) tiledata; if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == RICE_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == BZIP2_1 ) { /* don't have to convert to int if using gzip, bzip2, or Rice compression */ *intlength = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) { /* reset pixels equal to flagval to the FITS null value, prior to compression */ flagval = *(unsigned char *) (nullflagval); if (flagval != nullval) { for (ii = tilelen - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (usbbuff[ii] == (unsigned char) flagval) usbbuff[ii] = (unsigned char) nullval; } } } } else { /* have to convert to int if using HCOMPRESS or PLIO */ *intlength = 4; if (nullcheck == 1) { /* reset pixels equal to flagval to the FITS null value, prior to compression */ flagval = *(unsigned char *) (nullflagval); for (ii = tilelen - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (usbbuff[ii] == (unsigned char) flagval) idata[ii] = nullval; else idata[ii] = (int) usbbuff[ii]; } } else { /* just do the data type conversion to int */ /* have to convert usbbuff to an I*4 array, in place */ /* usbbuff must have been allocated large enough to do this */ fits_ubyte_to_int_inplace(usbbuff, tilelen, status); } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_convert_tile_tsbyte( fitsfile *outfptr, void *tiledata, long tilelen, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, int *intlength, int *status) { /* Prepare the input tile array of pixels for compression. */ /* Convert input integer*1 tile array in place to 4 or 8-byte ints for compression, */ /* If needed, convert 4 or 8-byte ints and do null value substitution. */ /* Note that the calling routine must have allocated the input array big enough */ /* to be able to do this. */ int flagval, *idata; long ii; signed char *sbbuff; /* datatype of input array is signed byte. We only support writing this datatype to a FITS image with BITPIX = 8 and with BZERO = 0 and BSCALE = -128. */ if (zbitpix != BYTE_IMG|| scale != 1.0 || zero != -128.) { ffpmsg("Implicit datatype conversion is not supported when writing to compressed images"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } idata = (int *) tiledata; sbbuff = (signed char *) tiledata; if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == RICE_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 || (outfptr->Fptr)->compress_type == BZIP2_1 ) { /* don't have to convert to int if using gzip, bzip2 or Rice compression */ *intlength = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) { /* reset pixels equal to flagval to the FITS null value, prior to compression */ /* offset the other pixel values (by flipping the MSB) */ flagval = *(signed char *) (nullflagval); for (ii = tilelen - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (sbbuff[ii] == (signed char) flagval) sbbuff[ii] = (signed char) nullval; else sbbuff[ii] = (sbbuff[ii]) ^ 0x80; } } else { /* just offset the pixel values (by flipping the MSB) */ for (ii = tilelen - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) sbbuff[ii] = (sbbuff[ii]) ^ 0x80; } } else { /* have to convert to int if using HCOMPRESS or PLIO */ *intlength = 4; if (nullcheck == 1) { /* reset pixels equal to flagval to the FITS null value, prior to compression */ flagval = *(signed char *) (nullflagval); for (ii = tilelen - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { if (sbbuff[ii] == (signed char) flagval) idata[ii] = nullval; else idata[ii] = ((int) sbbuff[ii]) + 128; } } else { /* just do the data type conversion to int */ /* have to convert sbbuff to an I*4 array, in place */ /* sbbuff must have been allocated large enough to do this */ fits_sbyte_to_int_inplace(sbbuff, tilelen, status); } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_convert_tile_tfloat( fitsfile *outfptr, long row, void *tiledata, long tilelen, long tilenx, long tileny, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, int *intlength, int *flag, double *bscale, double *bzero, int *status) { /* Prepare the input tile array of pixels for compression. */ /* Convert input float tile array in place to 4 or 8-byte ints for compression, */ /* If needed, convert 4 or 8-byte ints and do null value substitution. */ /* Note that the calling routine must have allocated the input array big enough */ /* to be able to do this. */ int *idata; long irow, ii; float floatnull; unsigned char *usbbuff; unsigned long dithersum; int iminval = 0, imaxval = 0; /* min and max quantized integers */ /* datatype of input array is double. We only support writing this datatype to a FITS image with BITPIX = -64 or -32, except we also support the special case where BITPIX = 32 and BZERO = 0 and BSCALE = 1. */ if ((zbitpix != LONG_IMG && zbitpix != DOUBLE_IMG && zbitpix != FLOAT_IMG) || scale != 1.0 || zero != 0.) { ffpmsg("Implicit datatype conversion is not supported when writing to compressed images"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } *intlength = 4; idata = (int *) tiledata; /* if the tile-compressed table contains zscale and zzero columns */ /* then scale and quantize the input floating point data. */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->cn_zscale > 0) { /* quantize the float values into integers */ if (nullcheck == 1) floatnull = *(float *) (nullflagval); else floatnull = FLOATNULLVALUE; /* NaNs are represented by this, by default */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2) { /* see if the dithering offset value needs to be initialized */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_dither_seed == 0 && (outfptr->Fptr)->dither_seed == 0) { /* This means randomly choose the dithering offset based on the system time. */ /* The offset will have a value between 1 and 10000, inclusive. */ /* The time function returns an integer value that is incremented each second. */ /* The clock function returns the elapsed CPU time, in integer CLOCKS_PER_SEC units. */ /* The CPU time returned by clock is typically (on linux PC) only good to 0.01 sec */ /* Summing the 2 quantities may help avoid cases where 2 executions of the program */ /* (perhaps in a multithreaded environoment) end up with exactly the same dither seed */ /* value. The sum is incremented by the current HDU number in the file to provide */ /* further randomization. This randomization is desireable if multiple compressed */ /* images will be summed (or differenced). In such cases, the benefits of dithering */ /* may be lost if all the images use exactly the same sequence of random numbers when */ /* calculating the dithering offsets. */ (outfptr->Fptr)->dither_seed = (( (int)time(NULL) + ( (int) clock() / (int) (CLOCKS_PER_SEC / 100)) + (outfptr->Fptr)->curhdu) % 10000) + 1; /* update the header keyword with this new value */ fits_update_key(outfptr, TINT, "ZDITHER0", &((outfptr->Fptr)->dither_seed), NULL, status); } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_dither_seed < 0 && (outfptr->Fptr)->dither_seed < 0) { /* this means randomly choose the dithering offset based on some hash function */ /* of the first input tile of data to be quantized and compressed. This ensures that */ /* the same offset value is used for a given image every time it is compressed. */ usbbuff = (unsigned char *) tiledata; dithersum = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < 4 * tilelen; ii++) { dithersum += usbbuff[ii]; /* doesn't matter if there is an integer overflow */ } (outfptr->Fptr)->dither_seed = ((int) (dithersum % 10000)) + 1; /* update the header keyword with this new value */ fits_update_key(outfptr, TINT, "ZDITHER0", &((outfptr->Fptr)->dither_seed), NULL, status); } /* subtract 1 to convert from 1-based to 0-based element number */ irow = row + (outfptr->Fptr)->dither_seed - 1; /* dither the quantized values */ } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_method == -1) { irow = 0; /* do not dither the quantized values */ } else { ffpmsg("Unknown dithering method."); ffpmsg("May need to install a newer version of CFITSIO."); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } *flag = fits_quantize_float (irow, (float *) tiledata, tilenx, tileny, nullcheck, floatnull, (outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_level, (outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_method, idata, bscale, bzero, &iminval, &imaxval); if (*flag > 1) return(*status = *flag); } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_level != NO_QUANTIZE) { /* if floating point pixels are not being losslessly compressed, then */ /* input float data is implicitly converted (truncated) to integers */ if ((scale != 1. || zero != 0.)) /* must scale the values */ imcomp_nullscalefloats((float *) tiledata, tilelen, idata, scale, zero, nullcheck, *(float *) (nullflagval), nullval, status); else imcomp_nullfloats((float *) tiledata, tilelen, idata, nullcheck, *(float *) (nullflagval), nullval, status); } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE) { /* just convert null values to NaNs in place, if necessary, then do lossless gzip compression */ if (nullcheck == 1) { imcomp_float2nan((float *) tiledata, tilelen, (int *) tiledata, *(float *) (nullflagval), status); } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_convert_tile_tdouble( fitsfile *outfptr, long row, void *tiledata, long tilelen, long tilenx, long tileny, int nullcheck, void *nullflagval, int nullval, int zbitpix, double scale, double zero, int *intlength, int *flag, double *bscale, double *bzero, int *status) { /* Prepare the input tile array of pixels for compression. */ /* Convert input double tile array in place to 4-byte ints for compression, */ /* If needed, convert 4 or 8-byte ints and do null value substitution. */ /* Note that the calling routine must have allocated the input array big enough */ /* to be able to do this. */ int *idata; long irow, ii; double doublenull; unsigned char *usbbuff; unsigned long dithersum; int iminval = 0, imaxval = 0; /* min and max quantized integers */ /* datatype of input array is double. We only support writing this datatype to a FITS image with BITPIX = -64 or -32, except we also support the special case where BITPIX = 32 and BZERO = 0 and BSCALE = 1. */ if ((zbitpix != LONG_IMG && zbitpix != DOUBLE_IMG && zbitpix != FLOAT_IMG) || scale != 1.0 || zero != 0.) { ffpmsg("Implicit datatype conversion is not supported when writing to compressed images"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } *intlength = 4; idata = (int *) tiledata; /* if the tile-compressed table contains zscale and zzero columns */ /* then scale and quantize the input floating point data. */ /* Otherwise, just truncate the floats to integers. */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->cn_zscale > 0) { if (nullcheck == 1) doublenull = *(double *) (nullflagval); else doublenull = DOUBLENULLVALUE; /* quantize the double values into integers */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1 || (outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2) { /* see if the dithering offset value needs to be initialized (see above) */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_dither_seed == 0 && (outfptr->Fptr)->dither_seed == 0) { (outfptr->Fptr)->dither_seed = (( (int)time(NULL) + ( (int) clock() / (int) (CLOCKS_PER_SEC / 100)) + (outfptr->Fptr)->curhdu) % 10000) + 1; /* update the header keyword with this new value */ fits_update_key(outfptr, TINT, "ZDITHER0", &((outfptr->Fptr)->dither_seed), NULL, status); } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->request_dither_seed < 0 && (outfptr->Fptr)->dither_seed < 0) { usbbuff = (unsigned char *) tiledata; dithersum = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < 8 * tilelen; ii++) { dithersum += usbbuff[ii]; } (outfptr->Fptr)->dither_seed = ((int) (dithersum % 10000)) + 1; /* update the header keyword with this new value */ fits_update_key(outfptr, TINT, "ZDITHER0", &((outfptr->Fptr)->dither_seed), NULL, status); } irow = row + (outfptr->Fptr)->dither_seed - 1; /* dither the quantized values */ } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_method == -1) { irow = 0; /* do not dither the quantized values */ } else { ffpmsg("Unknown subtractive dithering method."); ffpmsg("May need to install a newer version of CFITSIO."); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } *flag = fits_quantize_double (irow, (double *) tiledata, tilenx, tileny, nullcheck, doublenull, (outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_level, (outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_method, idata, bscale, bzero, &iminval, &imaxval); if (*flag > 1) return(*status = *flag); } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_level != NO_QUANTIZE) { /* if floating point pixels are not being losslessly compressed, then */ /* input float data is implicitly converted (truncated) to integers */ if ((scale != 1. || zero != 0.)) /* must scale the values */ imcomp_nullscaledoubles((double *) tiledata, tilelen, idata, scale, zero, nullcheck, *(double *) (nullflagval), nullval, status); else imcomp_nulldoubles((double *) tiledata, tilelen, idata, nullcheck, *(double *) (nullflagval), nullval, status); } else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE) { /* just convert null values to NaNs in place, if necessary, then do lossless gzip compression */ if (nullcheck == 1) { imcomp_double2nan((double *) tiledata, tilelen, (LONGLONG *) tiledata, *(double *) (nullflagval), status); } } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_nullscale( int *idata, long tilelen, int nullflagval, int nullval, double scale, double zero, int *status) /* do null value substitution AND scaling of the integer array. If array value = nullflagval, then set the value to nullval. Otherwise, inverse scale the integer value. */ { long ii; double dvalue; for (ii=0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { if (idata[ii] == nullflagval) idata[ii] = nullval; else { dvalue = (idata[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DINT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DINT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0) idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue + .5); else idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue - .5); } } } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_nullvalues( int *idata, long tilelen, int nullflagval, int nullval, int *status) /* do null value substitution. If array value = nullflagval, then set the value to nullval. */ { long ii; for (ii=0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { if (idata[ii] == nullflagval) idata[ii] = nullval; } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_scalevalues( int *idata, long tilelen, double scale, double zero, int *status) /* do inverse scaling the integer values. */ { long ii; double dvalue; for (ii=0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { dvalue = (idata[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DINT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DINT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0) idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue + .5); else idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue - .5); } } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_nullscalei2( short *idata, long tilelen, short nullflagval, short nullval, double scale, double zero, int *status) /* do null value substitution AND scaling of the integer array. If array value = nullflagval, then set the value to nullval. Otherwise, inverse scale the integer value. */ { long ii; double dvalue; for (ii=0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { if (idata[ii] == nullflagval) idata[ii] = nullval; else { dvalue = (idata[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = SHRT_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = SHRT_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0) idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue + .5); else idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue - .5); } } } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_nullvaluesi2( short *idata, long tilelen, short nullflagval, short nullval, int *status) /* do null value substitution. If array value = nullflagval, then set the value to nullval. */ { long ii; for (ii=0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { if (idata[ii] == nullflagval) idata[ii] = nullval; } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_scalevaluesi2( short *idata, long tilelen, double scale, double zero, int *status) /* do inverse scaling the integer values. */ { long ii; double dvalue; for (ii=0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { dvalue = (idata[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = SHRT_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = SHRT_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0) idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue + .5); else idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue - .5); } } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_nullfloats( float *fdata, long tilelen, int *idata, int nullcheck, float nullflagval, int nullval, int *status) /* do null value substitution of the float array. If array value = nullflagval, then set the output value to FLOATNULLVALUE. */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (nullcheck == 1) /* must check for null values */ { for (ii=0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { if (fdata[ii] == nullflagval) idata[ii] = nullval; else { dvalue = fdata[ii]; if (dvalue < DINT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DINT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0) idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue + .5); else idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue - .5); } } } } else /* don't have to worry about null values */ { for (ii=0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { dvalue = fdata[ii]; if (dvalue < DINT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DINT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0) idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue + .5); else idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue - .5); } } } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_nullscalefloats( float *fdata, long tilelen, int *idata, double scale, double zero, int nullcheck, float nullflagval, int nullval, int *status) /* do null value substitution of the float array. If array value = nullflagval, then set the output value to FLOATNULLVALUE. Otherwise, inverse scale the integer value. */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (nullcheck == 1) /* must check for null values */ { for (ii=0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { if (fdata[ii] == nullflagval) idata[ii] = nullval; else { dvalue = (fdata[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DINT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DINT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0.) idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue + .5); else idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue - .5); } } } } else /* don't have to worry about null values */ { for (ii=0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { dvalue = (fdata[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DINT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DINT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0.) idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue + .5); else idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue - .5); } } } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_nulldoubles( double *fdata, long tilelen, int *idata, int nullcheck, double nullflagval, int nullval, int *status) /* do null value substitution of the float array. If array value = nullflagval, then set the output value to FLOATNULLVALUE. Otherwise, inverse scale the integer value. */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (nullcheck == 1) /* must check for null values */ { for (ii=0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { if (fdata[ii] == nullflagval) idata[ii] = nullval; else { dvalue = fdata[ii]; if (dvalue < DINT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DINT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0.) idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue + .5); else idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue - .5); } } } } else /* don't have to worry about null values */ { for (ii=0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { dvalue = fdata[ii]; if (dvalue < DINT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DINT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0.) idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue + .5); else idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue - .5); } } } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_nullscaledoubles( double *fdata, long tilelen, int *idata, double scale, double zero, int nullcheck, double nullflagval, int nullval, int *status) /* do null value substitution of the float array. If array value = nullflagval, then set the output value to FLOATNULLVALUE. Otherwise, inverse scale the integer value. */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (nullcheck == 1) /* must check for null values */ { for (ii=0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { if (fdata[ii] == nullflagval) idata[ii] = nullval; else { dvalue = (fdata[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DINT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DINT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0.) idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue + .5); else idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue - .5); } } } } else /* don't have to worry about null values */ { for (ii=0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { dvalue = (fdata[ii] - zero) / scale; if (dvalue < DINT_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DINT_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; idata[ii] = INT32_MAX; } else { if (dvalue >= 0.) idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue + .5); else idata[ii] = (int) (dvalue - .5); } } } return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_write_compressed_img(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the array to be written */ long *infpixel, /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection */ long *inlpixel, /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection */ int nullcheck, /* I - 0 for no null checking */ /* 1: pixels that are = nullval will be */ /* written with the FITS null pixel value */ /* (floating point arrays only) */ void *array, /* I - array of values to be written */ void *nullval, /* I - undefined pixel value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write a section of a compressed image. */ { int tiledim[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long naxis[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long tilesize[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], thistilesize[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long ftile[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], ltile[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long tfpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], tlpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long rowdim[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], offset[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM],ntemp; long fpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], lpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long i5, i4, i3, i2, i1, i0, irow, trowsize, ntrows; int ii, ndim, pixlen, tilenul; int tstatus, buffpixsiz; void *buffer; char *bnullarray = 0, card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (!fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status) ) { ffpmsg("CHDU is not a compressed image (fits_write_compressed_img)"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */ else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) return(*status); /* ===================================================================== */ if (datatype == TSHORT || datatype == TUSHORT) { pixlen = sizeof(short); } else if (datatype == TINT || datatype == TUINT) { pixlen = sizeof(int); } else if (datatype == TBYTE || datatype == TSBYTE) { pixlen = 1; } else if (datatype == TLONG || datatype == TULONG) { pixlen = sizeof(long); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { pixlen = sizeof(float); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { pixlen = sizeof(double); } else { ffpmsg("unsupported datatype for compressing image"); return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); } /* ===================================================================== */ /* allocate scratch space for processing one tile of the image */ buffpixsiz = pixlen; /* this is the minimum pixel size */ if ( (fptr->Fptr)->compress_type == HCOMPRESS_1) { /* need 4 or 8 bytes per pixel */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == BYTE_IMG || (fptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == SHORT_IMG ) buffpixsiz = maxvalue(buffpixsiz, 4); else buffpixsiz = 8; } else if ( (fptr->Fptr)->compress_type == PLIO_1) { /* need 4 bytes per pixel */ buffpixsiz = maxvalue(buffpixsiz, 4); } else if ( (fptr->Fptr)->compress_type == RICE_1 || (fptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_1 || (fptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 || (fptr->Fptr)->compress_type == BZIP2_1) { /* need 1, 2, or 4 bytes per pixel */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == BYTE_IMG) buffpixsiz = maxvalue(buffpixsiz, 1); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == SHORT_IMG) buffpixsiz = maxvalue(buffpixsiz, 2); else buffpixsiz = maxvalue(buffpixsiz, 4); } else { ffpmsg("unsupported image compression algorithm"); return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); } /* cast to double to force alignment on 8-byte addresses */ buffer = (double *) calloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen, buffpixsiz); if (buffer == NULL) { ffpmsg("Out of memory (fits_write_compress_img)"); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* ===================================================================== */ /* initialize all the arrays */ for (ii = 0; ii < MAX_COMPRESS_DIM; ii++) { naxis[ii] = 1; tiledim[ii] = 1; tilesize[ii] = 1; ftile[ii] = 1; ltile[ii] = 1; rowdim[ii] = 1; } ndim = (fptr->Fptr)->zndim; ntemp = 1; for (ii = 0; ii < ndim; ii++) { fpixel[ii] = infpixel[ii]; lpixel[ii] = inlpixel[ii]; /* calc number of tiles in each dimension, and tile containing */ /* the first and last pixel we want to read in each dimension */ naxis[ii] = (fptr->Fptr)->znaxis[ii]; if (fpixel[ii] < 1) { free(buffer); return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM); } tilesize[ii] = (fptr->Fptr)->tilesize[ii]; tiledim[ii] = (naxis[ii] - 1) / tilesize[ii] + 1; ftile[ii] = (fpixel[ii] - 1) / tilesize[ii] + 1; ltile[ii] = minvalue((lpixel[ii] - 1) / tilesize[ii] + 1, tiledim[ii]); rowdim[ii] = ntemp; /* total tiles in each dimension */ ntemp *= tiledim[ii]; } /* support up to 6 dimensions for now */ /* tfpixel and tlpixel are the first and last image pixels */ /* along each dimension of the compression tile */ for (i5 = ftile[5]; i5 <= ltile[5]; i5++) { tfpixel[5] = (i5 - 1) * tilesize[5] + 1; tlpixel[5] = minvalue(tfpixel[5] + tilesize[5] - 1, naxis[5]); thistilesize[5] = tlpixel[5] - tfpixel[5] + 1; offset[5] = (i5 - 1) * rowdim[5]; for (i4 = ftile[4]; i4 <= ltile[4]; i4++) { tfpixel[4] = (i4 - 1) * tilesize[4] + 1; tlpixel[4] = minvalue(tfpixel[4] + tilesize[4] - 1, naxis[4]); thistilesize[4] = thistilesize[5] * (tlpixel[4] - tfpixel[4] + 1); offset[4] = (i4 - 1) * rowdim[4] + offset[5]; for (i3 = ftile[3]; i3 <= ltile[3]; i3++) { tfpixel[3] = (i3 - 1) * tilesize[3] + 1; tlpixel[3] = minvalue(tfpixel[3] + tilesize[3] - 1, naxis[3]); thistilesize[3] = thistilesize[4] * (tlpixel[3] - tfpixel[3] + 1); offset[3] = (i3 - 1) * rowdim[3] + offset[4]; for (i2 = ftile[2]; i2 <= ltile[2]; i2++) { tfpixel[2] = (i2 - 1) * tilesize[2] + 1; tlpixel[2] = minvalue(tfpixel[2] + tilesize[2] - 1, naxis[2]); thistilesize[2] = thistilesize[3] * (tlpixel[2] - tfpixel[2] + 1); offset[2] = (i2 - 1) * rowdim[2] + offset[3]; for (i1 = ftile[1]; i1 <= ltile[1]; i1++) { tfpixel[1] = (i1 - 1) * tilesize[1] + 1; tlpixel[1] = minvalue(tfpixel[1] + tilesize[1] - 1, naxis[1]); thistilesize[1] = thistilesize[2] * (tlpixel[1] - tfpixel[1] + 1); offset[1] = (i1 - 1) * rowdim[1] + offset[2]; for (i0 = ftile[0]; i0 <= ltile[0]; i0++) { tfpixel[0] = (i0 - 1) * tilesize[0] + 1; tlpixel[0] = minvalue(tfpixel[0] + tilesize[0] - 1, naxis[0]); thistilesize[0] = thistilesize[1] * (tlpixel[0] - tfpixel[0] + 1); /* calculate row of table containing this tile */ irow = i0 + offset[1]; /* read and uncompress this row (tile) of the table */ /* also do type conversion and undefined pixel substitution */ /* at this point */ imcomp_decompress_tile(fptr, irow, thistilesize[0], datatype, nullcheck, nullval, buffer, bnullarray, &tilenul, status); if (*status == NO_COMPRESSED_TILE) { /* tile doesn't exist, so initialize to zero */ memset(buffer, 0, pixlen * thistilesize[0]); *status = 0; } /* copy the intersecting pixels to this tile from the input */ imcomp_merge_overlap(buffer, pixlen, ndim, tfpixel, tlpixel, bnullarray, array, fpixel, lpixel, nullcheck, status); /* Collapse sizes of higher dimension tiles into 2 dimensional equivalents needed by the quantizing algorithms for floating point types */ fits_calc_tile_rows(tlpixel, tfpixel, ndim, &trowsize, &ntrows, status); /* compress the tile again, and write it back to the FITS file */ imcomp_compress_tile (fptr, irow, datatype, buffer, thistilesize[0], trowsize, ntrows, nullcheck, nullval, status); } } } } } } free(buffer); if ((fptr->Fptr)->zbitpix < 0 && nullcheck != 0) { /* This is a floating point FITS image with possible null values. It is too messy to test if any null values are actually written, so just assume so. We need to make sure that the ZBLANK keyword is present in the compressed image header. If it is not there then we need to insert the keyword. */ tstatus = 0; ffgcrd(fptr, "ZBLANK", card, &tstatus); if (tstatus) { /* have to insert the ZBLANK keyword */ ffgcrd(fptr, "ZCMPTYPE", card, status); ffikyj(fptr, "ZBLANK", COMPRESS_NULL_VALUE, "null value in the compressed integer array", status); /* set this value into the internal structure; it is used if */ /* the program reads back the values from the array */ (fptr->Fptr)->zblank = COMPRESS_NULL_VALUE; (fptr->Fptr)->cn_zblank = -1; /* flag for a constant ZBLANK */ } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_write_compressed_pixels(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the array to be written */ LONGLONG fpixel, /* I - 'first pixel to write */ LONGLONG npixel, /* I - number of pixels to write */ int nullcheck, /* I - 0 for no null checking */ /* 1: pixels that are = nullval will be */ /* written with the FITS null pixel value */ /* (floating point arrays only) */ void *array, /* I - array of values to write */ void *nullval, /* I - value used to represent undefined pixels*/ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write a consecutive set of pixels to a compressed image. This routine interpretes the n-dimensional image as a long one-dimensional array. This is actually a rather inconvenient way to write compressed images in general, and could be rather inefficient if the requested pixels to be written are located in many different image compression tiles. The general strategy used here is to write the requested pixels in blocks that correspond to rectangular image sections. */ { int naxis, ii, bytesperpixel; long naxes[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], nread; LONGLONG tfirst, tlast, last0, last1, dimsize[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long nplane, firstcoord[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], lastcoord[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; char *arrayptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); arrayptr = (char *) array; /* get size of array pixels, in bytes */ bytesperpixel = ffpxsz(datatype); for (ii = 0; ii < MAX_COMPRESS_DIM; ii++) { naxes[ii] = 1; firstcoord[ii] = 0; lastcoord[ii] = 0; } /* determine the dimensions of the image to be written */ ffgidm(fptr, &naxis, status); ffgisz(fptr, MAX_COMPRESS_DIM, naxes, status); /* calc the cumulative number of pixels in each successive dimension */ dimsize[0] = 1; for (ii = 1; ii < MAX_COMPRESS_DIM; ii++) dimsize[ii] = dimsize[ii - 1] * naxes[ii - 1]; /* determine the coordinate of the first and last pixel in the image */ /* Use zero based indexes here */ tfirst = fpixel - 1; tlast = tfirst + npixel - 1; for (ii = naxis - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { firstcoord[ii] = (long) (tfirst / dimsize[ii]); lastcoord[ii] = (long) (tlast / dimsize[ii]); tfirst = tfirst - firstcoord[ii] * dimsize[ii]; tlast = tlast - lastcoord[ii] * dimsize[ii]; } /* to simplify things, treat 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D images as separate cases */ if (naxis == 1) { /* Simple: just write the requested range of pixels */ firstcoord[0] = firstcoord[0] + 1; lastcoord[0] = lastcoord[0] + 1; fits_write_compressed_img(fptr, datatype, firstcoord, lastcoord, nullcheck, array, nullval, status); return(*status); } else if (naxis == 2) { nplane = 0; /* write 1st (and only) plane of the image */ fits_write_compressed_img_plane(fptr, datatype, bytesperpixel, nplane, firstcoord, lastcoord, naxes, nullcheck, array, nullval, &nread, status); } else if (naxis == 3) { /* test for special case: writing an integral number of planes */ if (firstcoord[0] == 0 && firstcoord[1] == 0 && lastcoord[0] == naxes[0] - 1 && lastcoord[1] == naxes[1] - 1) { for (ii = 0; ii < MAX_COMPRESS_DIM; ii++) { /* convert from zero base to 1 base */ (firstcoord[ii])++; (lastcoord[ii])++; } /* we can write the contiguous block of pixels in one go */ fits_write_compressed_img(fptr, datatype, firstcoord, lastcoord, nullcheck, array, nullval, status); return(*status); } /* save last coordinate in temporary variables */ last0 = lastcoord[0]; last1 = lastcoord[1]; if (firstcoord[2] < lastcoord[2]) { /* we will write up to the last pixel in all but the last plane */ lastcoord[0] = naxes[0] - 1; lastcoord[1] = naxes[1] - 1; } /* write one plane of the cube at a time, for simplicity */ for (nplane = firstcoord[2]; nplane <= lastcoord[2]; nplane++) { if (nplane == lastcoord[2]) { lastcoord[0] = (long) last0; lastcoord[1] = (long) last1; } fits_write_compressed_img_plane(fptr, datatype, bytesperpixel, nplane, firstcoord, lastcoord, naxes, nullcheck, arrayptr, nullval, &nread, status); /* for all subsequent planes, we start with the first pixel */ firstcoord[0] = 0; firstcoord[1] = 0; /* increment pointers to next elements to be written */ arrayptr = arrayptr + nread * bytesperpixel; } } else { ffpmsg("only 1D, 2D, or 3D images are currently supported"); return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_write_compressed_img_plane(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the array to be written */ int bytesperpixel, /* I - number of bytes per pixel in array */ long nplane, /* I - which plane of the cube to write */ long *firstcoord, /* I coordinate of first pixel to write */ long *lastcoord, /* I coordinate of last pixel to write */ long *naxes, /* I size of each image dimension */ int nullcheck, /* I - 0 for no null checking */ /* 1: pixels that are = nullval will be */ /* written with the FITS null pixel value */ /* (floating point arrays only) */ void *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ void *nullval, /* I - value for undefined pixels */ long *nread, /* O - total number of pixels written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* in general we have to write the first partial row of the image, followed by the middle complete rows, followed by the last partial row of the image. If the first or last rows are complete, then write them at the same time as all the middle rows. */ { /* bottom left coord. and top right coord. */ long blc[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], trc[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; char *arrayptr; *nread = 0; arrayptr = (char *) array; blc[2] = nplane + 1; trc[2] = nplane + 1; if (firstcoord[0] != 0) { /* have to read a partial first row */ blc[0] = firstcoord[0] + 1; blc[1] = firstcoord[1] + 1; trc[1] = blc[1]; if (lastcoord[1] == firstcoord[1]) trc[0] = lastcoord[0] + 1; /* 1st and last pixels in same row */ else trc[0] = naxes[0]; /* read entire rest of the row */ fits_write_compressed_img(fptr, datatype, blc, trc, nullcheck, arrayptr, nullval, status); *nread = *nread + trc[0] - blc[0] + 1; if (lastcoord[1] == firstcoord[1]) { return(*status); /* finished */ } /* set starting coord to beginning of next line */ firstcoord[0] = 0; firstcoord[1] += 1; arrayptr = arrayptr + (trc[0] - blc[0] + 1) * bytesperpixel; } /* write contiguous complete rows of the image, if any */ blc[0] = 1; blc[1] = firstcoord[1] + 1; trc[0] = naxes[0]; if (lastcoord[0] + 1 == naxes[0]) { /* can write the last complete row, too */ trc[1] = lastcoord[1] + 1; } else { /* last row is incomplete; have to read it separately */ trc[1] = lastcoord[1]; } if (trc[1] >= blc[1]) /* must have at least one whole line to read */ { fits_write_compressed_img(fptr, datatype, blc, trc, nullcheck, arrayptr, nullval, status); *nread = *nread + (trc[1] - blc[1] + 1) * naxes[0]; if (lastcoord[1] + 1 == trc[1]) return(*status); /* finished */ /* increment pointers for the last partial row */ arrayptr = arrayptr + (trc[1] - blc[1] + 1) * naxes[0] * bytesperpixel; } if (trc[1] == lastcoord[1] + 1) return(*status); /* all done */ /* set starting and ending coord to last line */ trc[0] = lastcoord[0] + 1; trc[1] = lastcoord[1] + 1; blc[1] = trc[1]; fits_write_compressed_img(fptr, datatype, blc, trc, nullcheck, arrayptr, nullval, status); *nread = *nread + trc[0] - blc[0] + 1; return(*status); } /* ######################################################################## */ /* ### Image Decompression Routines ### */ /* ######################################################################## */ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_img_decompress (fitsfile *infptr, /* image (bintable) to uncompress */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* empty HDU for output uncompressed image */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* This routine decompresses the whole image and writes it to the output file. */ { int ii, datatype = 0; int nullcheck, anynul; LONGLONG fpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], lpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long inc[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long imgsize; float *nulladdr, fnulval; double dnulval; if (fits_img_decompress_header(infptr, outfptr, status) > 0) { return (*status); } /* force a rescan of the output header keywords, then reset the scaling */ /* in case the BSCALE and BZERO keywords are present, so that the */ /* decompressed values won't be scaled when written to the output image */ ffrdef(outfptr, status); ffpscl(outfptr, 1.0, 0.0, status); ffpscl(infptr, 1.0, 0.0, status); /* initialize; no null checking is needed for integer images */ nullcheck = 0; nulladdr = &fnulval; /* determine datatype for image */ if ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == BYTE_IMG) { datatype = TBYTE; } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == SHORT_IMG) { datatype = TSHORT; } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == LONG_IMG) { datatype = TINT; } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == FLOAT_IMG) { /* In the case of float images we must check for NaNs */ nullcheck = 1; fnulval = FLOATNULLVALUE; nulladdr = &fnulval; datatype = TFLOAT; } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == DOUBLE_IMG) { /* In the case of double images we must check for NaNs */ nullcheck = 1; dnulval = DOUBLENULLVALUE; nulladdr = (float *) &dnulval; datatype = TDOUBLE; } /* calculate size of the image (in pixels) */ imgsize = 1; for (ii = 0; ii < (infptr->Fptr)->zndim; ii++) { imgsize *= (infptr->Fptr)->znaxis[ii]; fpixel[ii] = 1; /* Set first and last pixel to */ lpixel[ii] = (infptr->Fptr)->znaxis[ii]; /* include the entire image. */ inc[ii] = 1; } /* uncompress the input image and write to output image, one tile at a time */ fits_read_write_compressed_img(infptr, datatype, fpixel, lpixel, inc, nullcheck, nulladdr, &anynul, outfptr, status); return (*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_decompress_img (fitsfile *infptr, /* image (bintable) to uncompress */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* empty HDU for output uncompressed image */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* THIS IS AN OBSOLETE ROUTINE. USE fits_img_decompress instead!!! This routine decompresses the whole image and writes it to the output file. */ { double *data; int ii, datatype = 0, byte_per_pix = 0; int nullcheck, anynul; LONGLONG fpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], lpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long inc[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long imgsize, memsize; float *nulladdr, fnulval; double dnulval; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (!fits_is_compressed_image(infptr, status) ) { ffpmsg("CHDU is not a compressed image (fits_decompress_img)"); return(*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } /* create an empty output image with the correct dimensions */ if (ffcrim(outfptr, (infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix, (infptr->Fptr)->zndim, (infptr->Fptr)->znaxis, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("error creating output decompressed image HDU"); return (*status); } /* Copy the table header to the image header. */ if (imcomp_copy_imheader(infptr, outfptr, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("error copying header of compressed image"); return (*status); } /* force a rescan of the output header keywords, then reset the scaling */ /* in case the BSCALE and BZERO keywords are present, so that the */ /* decompressed values won't be scaled when written to the output image */ ffrdef(outfptr, status); ffpscl(outfptr, 1.0, 0.0, status); ffpscl(infptr, 1.0, 0.0, status); /* initialize; no null checking is needed for integer images */ nullcheck = 0; nulladdr = &fnulval; /* determine datatype for image */ if ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == BYTE_IMG) { datatype = TBYTE; byte_per_pix = 1; } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == SHORT_IMG) { datatype = TSHORT; byte_per_pix = sizeof(short); } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == LONG_IMG) { datatype = TINT; byte_per_pix = sizeof(int); } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == FLOAT_IMG) { /* In the case of float images we must check for NaNs */ nullcheck = 1; fnulval = FLOATNULLVALUE; nulladdr = &fnulval; datatype = TFLOAT; byte_per_pix = sizeof(float); } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == DOUBLE_IMG) { /* In the case of double images we must check for NaNs */ nullcheck = 1; dnulval = DOUBLENULLVALUE; nulladdr = (float *) &dnulval; datatype = TDOUBLE; byte_per_pix = sizeof(double); } /* calculate size of the image (in pixels) */ imgsize = 1; for (ii = 0; ii < (infptr->Fptr)->zndim; ii++) { imgsize *= (infptr->Fptr)->znaxis[ii]; fpixel[ii] = 1; /* Set first and last pixel to */ lpixel[ii] = (infptr->Fptr)->znaxis[ii]; /* include the entire image. */ inc[ii] = 1; } /* Calc equivalent number of double pixels same size as whole the image. */ /* We use double datatype to force the memory to be aligned properly */ memsize = ((imgsize * byte_per_pix) - 1) / sizeof(double) + 1; /* allocate memory for the image */ data = (double*) calloc (memsize, sizeof(double)); if (!data) { ffpmsg("Couldn't allocate memory for the uncompressed image"); return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* uncompress the entire image into memory */ /* This routine should be enhanced sometime to only need enough */ /* memory to uncompress one tile at a time. */ fits_read_compressed_img(infptr, datatype, fpixel, lpixel, inc, nullcheck, nulladdr, data, NULL, &anynul, status); /* write the image to the output file */ if (anynul) fits_write_imgnull(outfptr, datatype, 1, imgsize, data, nulladdr, status); else fits_write_img(outfptr, datatype, 1, imgsize, data, status); free(data); return (*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_img_decompress_header(fitsfile *infptr, /* image (bintable) to uncompress */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* empty HDU for output uncompressed image */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* This routine reads the header of the input tile compressed image and converts it to that of a standard uncompress FITS image. */ { int writeprime = 0; int hdupos, inhdupos, numkeys; int nullprime = 0, copyprime = 0, norec = 0, tstatus; char card[FLEN_CARD]; int ii, naxis, bitpix; long naxes[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); else if (*status == -1) { *status = 0; writeprime = 1; } if (!fits_is_compressed_image(infptr, status) ) { ffpmsg("CHDU is not a compressed image (fits_img_decompress)"); return(*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } /* get information about the state of the output file; does it already */ /* contain any keywords and HDUs? */ fits_get_hdu_num(infptr, &inhdupos); /* Get the current output HDU position */ fits_get_hdu_num(outfptr, &hdupos); /* Get the current output HDU position */ fits_get_hdrspace(outfptr, &numkeys, 0, status); /* Was the input compressed HDU originally the primary array image? */ tstatus = 0; if (!fits_read_card(infptr, "ZSIMPLE", card, &tstatus)) { /* yes, input HDU was a primary array (not an IMAGE extension) */ /* Now determine if we can uncompress it into the primary array of */ /* the output file. This is only possible if the output file */ /* currently only contains a null primary array, with no addition */ /* header keywords and with no following extension in the FITS file. */ if (hdupos == 1) { /* are we positioned at the primary array? */ if (numkeys == 0) { /* primary HDU is completely empty */ nullprime = 1; } else { fits_get_img_param(outfptr, MAX_COMPRESS_DIM, &bitpix, &naxis, naxes, status); if (naxis == 0) { /* is this a null image? */ nullprime = 1; if (inhdupos == 2) /* must be at the first extension */ copyprime = 1; } } } } if (nullprime) { /* We will delete the existing keywords in the null primary array and uncompress the input image into the primary array of the output. Some of these keywords may be added back to the uncompressed image header later. */ for (ii = numkeys; ii > 0; ii--) fits_delete_record(outfptr, ii, status); } else { /* if the ZTENSION keyword doesn't exist, then we have to write the required keywords manually */ tstatus = 0; if (fits_read_card(infptr, "ZTENSION", card, &tstatus)) { /* create an empty output image with the correct dimensions */ if (ffcrim(outfptr, (infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix, (infptr->Fptr)->zndim, (infptr->Fptr)->znaxis, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("error creating output decompressed image HDU"); return (*status); } norec = 1; /* the required keywords have already been written */ } else { /* the input compressed image does have ZTENSION keyword */ if (writeprime) { /* convert the image extension to a primary array */ /* have to write the required keywords manually */ /* create an empty output image with the correct dimensions */ if (ffcrim(outfptr, (infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix, (infptr->Fptr)->zndim, (infptr->Fptr)->znaxis, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("error creating output decompressed image HDU"); return (*status); } norec = 1; /* the required keywords have already been written */ } else { /* write the input compressed image to an image extension */ if (numkeys == 0) { /* the output file is currently completely empty */ /* In this case, the input is a compressed IMAGE extension. */ /* Since the uncompressed output file is currently completely empty, */ /* we need to write a null primary array before uncompressing the */ /* image extension */ ffcrim(outfptr, 8, 0, naxes, status); /* naxes is not used */ /* now create the empty extension to uncompress into */ if (fits_create_hdu(outfptr, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("error creating output decompressed image HDU"); return (*status); } } else { /* just create a new empty extension, then copy all the required */ /* keywords into it. */ fits_create_hdu(outfptr, status); } } } } if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("error creating output decompressed image HDU"); return (*status); } /* Copy the table header to the image header. */ if (imcomp_copy_comp2img(infptr, outfptr, norec, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("error copying header keywords from compressed image"); } if (copyprime) { /* append any unexpected keywords from the primary array. This includes any keywords except SIMPLE, BITPIX, NAXIS, EXTEND, COMMENT, HISTORY, CHECKSUM, and DATASUM. */ fits_movabs_hdu(infptr, 1, NULL, status); /* move to primary array */ /* do this so that any new keywords get written before any blank keywords that may have been appended by imcomp_copy_comp2img */ fits_set_hdustruc(outfptr, status); if (imcomp_copy_prime2img(infptr, outfptr, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("error copying primary keywords from compressed file"); } fits_movabs_hdu(infptr, 2, NULL, status); /* move back to where we were */ } return (*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_read_compressed_img(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the array to be returned */ LONGLONG *infpixel, /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection */ LONGLONG *inlpixel, /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection */ long *ininc, /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */ int nullcheck, /* I - 0 for no null checking */ /* 1: set undefined pixels = nullval */ /* 2: set nullarray=1 for undefined pixels */ void *nullval, /* I - value for undefined pixels */ void *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ char *nullarray, /* O - array of flags = 1 if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read a section of a compressed image; Note: lpixel may be larger than the size of the uncompressed image. Only the pixels within the image will be returned. */ { long naxis[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], tiledim[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long tilesize[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], thistilesize[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long ftile[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], ltile[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long tfpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], tlpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long rowdim[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], offset[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM],ntemp; long fpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], lpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long inc[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long i5, i4, i3, i2, i1, i0, irow; int ii, ndim, pixlen, tilenul=0; void *buffer; char *bnullarray = 0; double testnullval = 0.; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (!fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status) ) { ffpmsg("CHDU is not a compressed image (fits_read_compressed_img)"); return(*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } /* get temporary space for uncompressing one image tile */ if (datatype == TSHORT) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (short)); pixlen = sizeof(short); if (nullval) testnullval = *(short *) nullval; } else if (datatype == TINT) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (int)); pixlen = sizeof(int); if (nullval) testnullval = *(int *) nullval; } else if (datatype == TLONG) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (long)); pixlen = sizeof(long); if (nullval) testnullval = *(long *) nullval; } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (float)); pixlen = sizeof(float); if (nullval) testnullval = *(float *) nullval; } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (double)); pixlen = sizeof(double); if (nullval) testnullval = *(double *) nullval; } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (unsigned short)); pixlen = sizeof(short); if (nullval) testnullval = *(unsigned short *) nullval; } else if (datatype == TUINT) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (unsigned int)); pixlen = sizeof(int); if (nullval) testnullval = *(unsigned int *) nullval; } else if (datatype == TULONG) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (unsigned long)); pixlen = sizeof(long); if (nullval) testnullval = *(unsigned long *) nullval; } else if (datatype == TBYTE || datatype == TSBYTE) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (char)); pixlen = 1; if (nullval) testnullval = *(unsigned char *) nullval; } else { ffpmsg("unsupported datatype for uncompressing image"); return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); } /* If nullcheck ==1 and nullval == 0, then this means that the */ /* calling routine does not want to check for null pixels in the array */ if (nullcheck == 1 && testnullval == 0.) nullcheck = 0; if (buffer == NULL) { ffpmsg("Out of memory (fits_read_compress_img)"); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* allocate memory for a null flag array, if needed */ if (nullcheck == 2) { bnullarray = calloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen, sizeof (char)); if (bnullarray == NULL) { ffpmsg("Out of memory (fits_read_compress_img)"); free(buffer); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } } /* initialize all the arrays */ for (ii = 0; ii < MAX_COMPRESS_DIM; ii++) { naxis[ii] = 1; tiledim[ii] = 1; tilesize[ii] = 1; ftile[ii] = 1; ltile[ii] = 1; rowdim[ii] = 1; } ndim = (fptr->Fptr)->zndim; ntemp = 1; for (ii = 0; ii < ndim; ii++) { /* support for mirror-reversed image sections */ if (infpixel[ii] <= inlpixel[ii]) { fpixel[ii] = (long) infpixel[ii]; lpixel[ii] = (long) inlpixel[ii]; inc[ii] = ininc[ii]; } else { fpixel[ii] = (long) inlpixel[ii]; lpixel[ii] = (long) infpixel[ii]; inc[ii] = -ininc[ii]; } /* calc number of tiles in each dimension, and tile containing */ /* the first and last pixel we want to read in each dimension */ naxis[ii] = (fptr->Fptr)->znaxis[ii]; if (fpixel[ii] < 1) { if (nullcheck == 2) { free(bnullarray); } free(buffer); return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM); } tilesize[ii] = (fptr->Fptr)->tilesize[ii]; tiledim[ii] = (naxis[ii] - 1) / tilesize[ii] + 1; ftile[ii] = (fpixel[ii] - 1) / tilesize[ii] + 1; ltile[ii] = minvalue((lpixel[ii] - 1) / tilesize[ii] + 1, tiledim[ii]); rowdim[ii] = ntemp; /* total tiles in each dimension */ ntemp *= tiledim[ii]; } if (anynul) *anynul = 0; /* initialize */ /* support up to 6 dimensions for now */ /* tfpixel and tlpixel are the first and last image pixels */ /* along each dimension of the compression tile */ for (i5 = ftile[5]; i5 <= ltile[5]; i5++) { tfpixel[5] = (i5 - 1) * tilesize[5] + 1; tlpixel[5] = minvalue(tfpixel[5] + tilesize[5] - 1, naxis[5]); thistilesize[5] = tlpixel[5] - tfpixel[5] + 1; offset[5] = (i5 - 1) * rowdim[5]; for (i4 = ftile[4]; i4 <= ltile[4]; i4++) { tfpixel[4] = (i4 - 1) * tilesize[4] + 1; tlpixel[4] = minvalue(tfpixel[4] + tilesize[4] - 1, naxis[4]); thistilesize[4] = thistilesize[5] * (tlpixel[4] - tfpixel[4] + 1); offset[4] = (i4 - 1) * rowdim[4] + offset[5]; for (i3 = ftile[3]; i3 <= ltile[3]; i3++) { tfpixel[3] = (i3 - 1) * tilesize[3] + 1; tlpixel[3] = minvalue(tfpixel[3] + tilesize[3] - 1, naxis[3]); thistilesize[3] = thistilesize[4] * (tlpixel[3] - tfpixel[3] + 1); offset[3] = (i3 - 1) * rowdim[3] + offset[4]; for (i2 = ftile[2]; i2 <= ltile[2]; i2++) { tfpixel[2] = (i2 - 1) * tilesize[2] + 1; tlpixel[2] = minvalue(tfpixel[2] + tilesize[2] - 1, naxis[2]); thistilesize[2] = thistilesize[3] * (tlpixel[2] - tfpixel[2] + 1); offset[2] = (i2 - 1) * rowdim[2] + offset[3]; for (i1 = ftile[1]; i1 <= ltile[1]; i1++) { tfpixel[1] = (i1 - 1) * tilesize[1] + 1; tlpixel[1] = minvalue(tfpixel[1] + tilesize[1] - 1, naxis[1]); thistilesize[1] = thistilesize[2] * (tlpixel[1] - tfpixel[1] + 1); offset[1] = (i1 - 1) * rowdim[1] + offset[2]; for (i0 = ftile[0]; i0 <= ltile[0]; i0++) { tfpixel[0] = (i0 - 1) * tilesize[0] + 1; tlpixel[0] = minvalue(tfpixel[0] + tilesize[0] - 1, naxis[0]); thistilesize[0] = thistilesize[1] * (tlpixel[0] - tfpixel[0] + 1); /* calculate row of table containing this tile */ irow = i0 + offset[1]; /* printf("row %d, %d %d, %d %d, %d %d; %d\n", irow, tfpixel[0],tlpixel[0],tfpixel[1],tlpixel[1],tfpixel[2],tlpixel[2], thistilesize[0]); */ /* test if there are any intersecting pixels in this tile and the output image */ if (imcomp_test_overlap(ndim, tfpixel, tlpixel, fpixel, lpixel, inc, status)) { /* read and uncompress this row (tile) of the table */ /* also do type conversion and undefined pixel substitution */ /* at this point */ imcomp_decompress_tile(fptr, irow, thistilesize[0], datatype, nullcheck, nullval, buffer, bnullarray, &tilenul, status); if (tilenul && anynul) *anynul = 1; /* there are null pixels */ /* printf(" pixlen=%d, ndim=%d, %d %d %d, %d %d %d, %d %d %d\n", pixlen, ndim, fpixel[0],lpixel[0],inc[0],fpixel[1],lpixel[1],inc[1], fpixel[2],lpixel[2],inc[2]); */ /* copy the intersecting pixels from this tile to the output */ imcomp_copy_overlap(buffer, pixlen, ndim, tfpixel, tlpixel, bnullarray, array, fpixel, lpixel, inc, nullcheck, nullarray, status); } } } } } } } if (nullcheck == 2) { free(bnullarray); } free(buffer); return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_read_write_compressed_img(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the array to be returned */ LONGLONG *infpixel, /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection */ LONGLONG *inlpixel, /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection */ long *ininc, /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */ int nullcheck, /* I - 0 for no null checking */ /* 1: set undefined pixels = nullval */ void *nullval, /* I - value for undefined pixels */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* This is similar to fits_read_compressed_img, except that it writes the pixels to the output image, on a tile by tile basis instead of returning the array. */ { long naxis[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], tiledim[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long tilesize[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], thistilesize[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long ftile[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], ltile[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long tfpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], tlpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long rowdim[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], offset[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM],ntemp; long fpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], lpixel[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long inc[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; long i5, i4, i3, i2, i1, i0, irow; int ii, ndim, tilenul; void *buffer; char *bnullarray = 0, *cnull; LONGLONG firstelem; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (!fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status) ) { ffpmsg("CHDU is not a compressed image (fits_read_compressed_img)"); return(*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } cnull = (char *) nullval; /* used to test if the nullval = 0 */ /* get temporary space for uncompressing one image tile */ /* If nullval == 0, then this means that the */ /* calling routine does not want to check for null pixels in the array */ if (datatype == TSHORT) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (short)); if (cnull) { if (cnull[0] == 0 && cnull[1] == 0 ) { nullcheck = 0; } } } else if (datatype == TINT) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (int)); if (cnull) { if (cnull[0] == 0 && cnull[1] == 0 && cnull[2] == 0 && cnull[3] == 0 ) { nullcheck = 0; } } } else if (datatype == TLONG) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (long)); if (cnull) { if (cnull[0] == 0 && cnull[1] == 0 && cnull[2] == 0 && cnull[3] == 0 ) { nullcheck = 0; } } } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (float)); if (cnull) { if (cnull[0] == 0 && cnull[1] == 0 && cnull[2] == 0 && cnull[3] == 0 ) { nullcheck = 0; } } } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (double)); if (cnull) { if (cnull[0] == 0 && cnull[1] == 0 && cnull[2] == 0 && cnull[3] == 0 && cnull[4] == 0 && cnull[5] == 0 && cnull[6] == 0 && cnull[7] == 0 ) { nullcheck = 0; } } } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (unsigned short)); if (cnull) { if (cnull[0] == 0 && cnull[1] == 0 ){ nullcheck = 0; } } } else if (datatype == TUINT) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (unsigned int)); if (cnull) { if (cnull[0] == 0 && cnull[1] == 0 && cnull[2] == 0 && cnull[3] == 0 ){ nullcheck = 0; } } } else if (datatype == TULONG) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (unsigned long)); if (cnull) { if (cnull[0] == 0 && cnull[1] == 0 && cnull[2] == 0 && cnull[3] == 0 ){ nullcheck = 0; } } } else if (datatype == TBYTE || datatype == TSBYTE) { buffer = malloc ((fptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen * sizeof (char)); if (cnull) { if (cnull[0] == 0){ nullcheck = 0; } } } else { ffpmsg("unsupported datatype for uncompressing image"); return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); } if (buffer == NULL) { ffpmsg("Out of memory (fits_read_compress_img)"); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* initialize all the arrays */ for (ii = 0; ii < MAX_COMPRESS_DIM; ii++) { naxis[ii] = 1; tiledim[ii] = 1; tilesize[ii] = 1; ftile[ii] = 1; ltile[ii] = 1; rowdim[ii] = 1; } ndim = (fptr->Fptr)->zndim; ntemp = 1; for (ii = 0; ii < ndim; ii++) { /* support for mirror-reversed image sections */ if (infpixel[ii] <= inlpixel[ii]) { fpixel[ii] = (long) infpixel[ii]; lpixel[ii] = (long) inlpixel[ii]; inc[ii] = ininc[ii]; } else { fpixel[ii] = (long) inlpixel[ii]; lpixel[ii] = (long) infpixel[ii]; inc[ii] = -ininc[ii]; } /* calc number of tiles in each dimension, and tile containing */ /* the first and last pixel we want to read in each dimension */ naxis[ii] = (fptr->Fptr)->znaxis[ii]; if (fpixel[ii] < 1) { free(buffer); return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM); } tilesize[ii] = (fptr->Fptr)->tilesize[ii]; tiledim[ii] = (naxis[ii] - 1) / tilesize[ii] + 1; ftile[ii] = (fpixel[ii] - 1) / tilesize[ii] + 1; ltile[ii] = minvalue((lpixel[ii] - 1) / tilesize[ii] + 1, tiledim[ii]); rowdim[ii] = ntemp; /* total tiles in each dimension */ ntemp *= tiledim[ii]; } if (anynul) *anynul = 0; /* initialize */ firstelem = 1; /* support up to 6 dimensions for now */ /* tfpixel and tlpixel are the first and last image pixels */ /* along each dimension of the compression tile */ for (i5 = ftile[5]; i5 <= ltile[5]; i5++) { tfpixel[5] = (i5 - 1) * tilesize[5] + 1; tlpixel[5] = minvalue(tfpixel[5] + tilesize[5] - 1, naxis[5]); thistilesize[5] = tlpixel[5] - tfpixel[5] + 1; offset[5] = (i5 - 1) * rowdim[5]; for (i4 = ftile[4]; i4 <= ltile[4]; i4++) { tfpixel[4] = (i4 - 1) * tilesize[4] + 1; tlpixel[4] = minvalue(tfpixel[4] + tilesize[4] - 1, naxis[4]); thistilesize[4] = thistilesize[5] * (tlpixel[4] - tfpixel[4] + 1); offset[4] = (i4 - 1) * rowdim[4] + offset[5]; for (i3 = ftile[3]; i3 <= ltile[3]; i3++) { tfpixel[3] = (i3 - 1) * tilesize[3] + 1; tlpixel[3] = minvalue(tfpixel[3] + tilesize[3] - 1, naxis[3]); thistilesize[3] = thistilesize[4] * (tlpixel[3] - tfpixel[3] + 1); offset[3] = (i3 - 1) * rowdim[3] + offset[4]; for (i2 = ftile[2]; i2 <= ltile[2]; i2++) { tfpixel[2] = (i2 - 1) * tilesize[2] + 1; tlpixel[2] = minvalue(tfpixel[2] + tilesize[2] - 1, naxis[2]); thistilesize[2] = thistilesize[3] * (tlpixel[2] - tfpixel[2] + 1); offset[2] = (i2 - 1) * rowdim[2] + offset[3]; for (i1 = ftile[1]; i1 <= ltile[1]; i1++) { tfpixel[1] = (i1 - 1) * tilesize[1] + 1; tlpixel[1] = minvalue(tfpixel[1] + tilesize[1] - 1, naxis[1]); thistilesize[1] = thistilesize[2] * (tlpixel[1] - tfpixel[1] + 1); offset[1] = (i1 - 1) * rowdim[1] + offset[2]; for (i0 = ftile[0]; i0 <= ltile[0]; i0++) { tfpixel[0] = (i0 - 1) * tilesize[0] + 1; tlpixel[0] = minvalue(tfpixel[0] + tilesize[0] - 1, naxis[0]); thistilesize[0] = thistilesize[1] * (tlpixel[0] - tfpixel[0] + 1); /* calculate row of table containing this tile */ irow = i0 + offset[1]; /* read and uncompress this row (tile) of the table */ /* also do type conversion and undefined pixel substitution */ /* at this point */ imcomp_decompress_tile(fptr, irow, thistilesize[0], datatype, nullcheck, nullval, buffer, bnullarray, &tilenul, status); /* write the image to the output file */ if (tilenul && anynul) { /* this assumes that the tiled pixels are in the same order as in the uncompressed FITS image. This is not necessarily the case, but it almost alway is in practice. Note that null checking is not performed for integer images, so this could only be a problem for tile compressed floating point images that use an unconventional tiling pattern. */ fits_write_imgnull(outfptr, datatype, firstelem, thistilesize[0], buffer, nullval, status); } else { fits_write_subset(outfptr, datatype, tfpixel, tlpixel, buffer, status); } firstelem += thistilesize[0]; } } } } } } free(buffer); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_read_compressed_pixels(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the array to be returned */ LONGLONG fpixel, /* I - 'first pixel to read */ LONGLONG npixel, /* I - number of pixels to read */ int nullcheck, /* I - 0 for no null checking */ /* 1: set undefined pixels = nullval */ /* 2: set nullarray=1 for undefined pixels */ void *nullval, /* I - value for undefined pixels */ void *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ char *nullarray, /* O - array of flags = 1 if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read a consecutive set of pixels from a compressed image. This routine interpretes the n-dimensional image as a long one-dimensional array. This is actually a rather inconvenient way to read compressed images in general, and could be rather inefficient if the requested pixels to be read are located in many different image compression tiles. The general strategy used here is to read the requested pixels in blocks that correspond to rectangular image sections. */ { int naxis, ii, bytesperpixel, planenul; long naxes[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], nread; long nplane, inc[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; LONGLONG tfirst, tlast, last0, last1, dimsize[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; LONGLONG firstcoord[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], lastcoord[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; char *arrayptr, *nullarrayptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); arrayptr = (char *) array; nullarrayptr = nullarray; /* get size of array pixels, in bytes */ bytesperpixel = ffpxsz(datatype); for (ii = 0; ii < MAX_COMPRESS_DIM; ii++) { naxes[ii] = 1; firstcoord[ii] = 0; lastcoord[ii] = 0; inc[ii] = 1; } /* determine the dimensions of the image to be read */ ffgidm(fptr, &naxis, status); ffgisz(fptr, MAX_COMPRESS_DIM, naxes, status); /* calc the cumulative number of pixels in each successive dimension */ dimsize[0] = 1; for (ii = 1; ii < MAX_COMPRESS_DIM; ii++) dimsize[ii] = dimsize[ii - 1] * naxes[ii - 1]; /* determine the coordinate of the first and last pixel in the image */ /* Use zero based indexes here */ tfirst = fpixel - 1; tlast = tfirst + npixel - 1; for (ii = naxis - 1; ii >= 0; ii--) { firstcoord[ii] = tfirst / dimsize[ii]; lastcoord[ii] = tlast / dimsize[ii]; tfirst = tfirst - firstcoord[ii] * dimsize[ii]; tlast = tlast - lastcoord[ii] * dimsize[ii]; } /* to simplify things, treat 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D images as separate cases */ if (naxis == 1) { /* Simple: just read the requested range of pixels */ firstcoord[0] = firstcoord[0] + 1; lastcoord[0] = lastcoord[0] + 1; fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, datatype, firstcoord, lastcoord, inc, nullcheck, nullval, array, nullarray, anynul, status); return(*status); } else if (naxis == 2) { nplane = 0; /* read 1st (and only) plane of the image */ fits_read_compressed_img_plane(fptr, datatype, bytesperpixel, nplane, firstcoord, lastcoord, inc, naxes, nullcheck, nullval, array, nullarray, anynul, &nread, status); } else if (naxis == 3) { /* test for special case: reading an integral number of planes */ if (firstcoord[0] == 0 && firstcoord[1] == 0 && lastcoord[0] == naxes[0] - 1 && lastcoord[1] == naxes[1] - 1) { for (ii = 0; ii < MAX_COMPRESS_DIM; ii++) { /* convert from zero base to 1 base */ (firstcoord[ii])++; (lastcoord[ii])++; } /* we can read the contiguous block of pixels in one go */ fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, datatype, firstcoord, lastcoord, inc, nullcheck, nullval, array, nullarray, anynul, status); return(*status); } if (anynul) *anynul = 0; /* initialize */ /* save last coordinate in temporary variables */ last0 = lastcoord[0]; last1 = lastcoord[1]; if (firstcoord[2] < lastcoord[2]) { /* we will read up to the last pixel in all but the last plane */ lastcoord[0] = naxes[0] - 1; lastcoord[1] = naxes[1] - 1; } /* read one plane of the cube at a time, for simplicity */ for (nplane = (long) firstcoord[2]; nplane <= lastcoord[2]; nplane++) { if (nplane == lastcoord[2]) { lastcoord[0] = last0; lastcoord[1] = last1; } fits_read_compressed_img_plane(fptr, datatype, bytesperpixel, nplane, firstcoord, lastcoord, inc, naxes, nullcheck, nullval, arrayptr, nullarrayptr, &planenul, &nread, status); if (planenul && anynul) *anynul = 1; /* there are null pixels */ /* for all subsequent planes, we start with the first pixel */ firstcoord[0] = 0; firstcoord[1] = 0; /* increment pointers to next elements to be read */ arrayptr = arrayptr + nread * bytesperpixel; if (nullarrayptr && (nullcheck == 2) ) nullarrayptr = nullarrayptr + nread; } } else { ffpmsg("only 1D, 2D, or 3D images are currently supported"); return(*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_read_compressed_img_plane(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the array to be returned */ int bytesperpixel, /* I - number of bytes per pixel in array */ long nplane, /* I - which plane of the cube to read */ LONGLONG *firstcoord, /* coordinate of first pixel to read */ LONGLONG *lastcoord, /* coordinate of last pixel to read */ long *inc, /* increment of pixels to read */ long *naxes, /* size of each image dimension */ int nullcheck, /* I - 0 for no null checking */ /* 1: set undefined pixels = nullval */ /* 2: set nullarray=1 for undefined pixels */ void *nullval, /* I - value for undefined pixels */ void *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ char *nullarray, /* O - array of flags = 1 if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ long *nread, /* O - total number of pixels read and returned*/ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* in general we have to read the first partial row of the image, followed by the middle complete rows, followed by the last partial row of the image. If the first or last rows are complete, then read them at the same time as all the middle rows. */ { /* bottom left coord. and top right coord. */ LONGLONG blc[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM], trc[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; char *arrayptr, *nullarrayptr; int tnull; if (anynul) *anynul = 0; *nread = 0; arrayptr = (char *) array; nullarrayptr = nullarray; blc[2] = nplane + 1; trc[2] = nplane + 1; if (firstcoord[0] != 0) { /* have to read a partial first row */ blc[0] = firstcoord[0] + 1; blc[1] = firstcoord[1] + 1; trc[1] = blc[1]; if (lastcoord[1] == firstcoord[1]) trc[0] = lastcoord[0] + 1; /* 1st and last pixels in same row */ else trc[0] = naxes[0]; /* read entire rest of the row */ fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, datatype, blc, trc, inc, nullcheck, nullval, arrayptr, nullarrayptr, &tnull, status); *nread = *nread + (long) (trc[0] - blc[0] + 1); if (tnull && anynul) *anynul = 1; /* there are null pixels */ if (lastcoord[1] == firstcoord[1]) { return(*status); /* finished */ } /* set starting coord to beginning of next line */ firstcoord[0] = 0; firstcoord[1] += 1; arrayptr = arrayptr + (trc[0] - blc[0] + 1) * bytesperpixel; if (nullarrayptr && (nullcheck == 2) ) nullarrayptr = nullarrayptr + (trc[0] - blc[0] + 1); } /* read contiguous complete rows of the image, if any */ blc[0] = 1; blc[1] = firstcoord[1] + 1; trc[0] = naxes[0]; if (lastcoord[0] + 1 == naxes[0]) { /* can read the last complete row, too */ trc[1] = lastcoord[1] + 1; } else { /* last row is incomplete; have to read it separately */ trc[1] = lastcoord[1]; } if (trc[1] >= blc[1]) /* must have at least one whole line to read */ { fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, datatype, blc, trc, inc, nullcheck, nullval, arrayptr, nullarrayptr, &tnull, status); *nread = *nread + (long) ((trc[1] - blc[1] + 1) * naxes[0]); if (tnull && anynul) *anynul = 1; if (lastcoord[1] + 1 == trc[1]) return(*status); /* finished */ /* increment pointers for the last partial row */ arrayptr = arrayptr + (trc[1] - blc[1] + 1) * naxes[0] * bytesperpixel; if (nullarrayptr && (nullcheck == 2) ) nullarrayptr = nullarrayptr + (trc[1] - blc[1] + 1) * naxes[0]; } if (trc[1] == lastcoord[1] + 1) return(*status); /* all done */ /* set starting and ending coord to last line */ trc[0] = lastcoord[0] + 1; trc[1] = lastcoord[1] + 1; blc[1] = trc[1]; fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, datatype, blc, trc, inc, nullcheck, nullval, arrayptr, nullarrayptr, &tnull, status); if (tnull && anynul) *anynul = 1; *nread = *nread + (long) (trc[0] - blc[0] + 1); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_get_compressed_image_par(fitsfile *infptr, int *status) /* This routine reads keywords from a BINTABLE extension containing a compressed image. */ { char keyword[FLEN_KEYWORD]; char value[FLEN_VALUE]; int ii, tstatus, tstatus2, doffset, oldFormat=0, colNum=0; long expect_nrows, maxtilelen; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* Copy relevant header keyword values to structure */ if (ffgky (infptr, TSTRING, "ZCMPTYPE", value, NULL, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("required ZCMPTYPE compression keyword not found in"); ffpmsg(" imcomp_get_compressed_image_par"); return(*status); } (infptr->Fptr)->zcmptype[0] = '\0'; strncat((infptr->Fptr)->zcmptype, value, 11); if (!FSTRCMP(value, "RICE_1") || !FSTRCMP(value, "RICE_ONE") ) (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type = RICE_1; else if (!FSTRCMP(value, "HCOMPRESS_1") ) (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type = HCOMPRESS_1; else if (!FSTRCMP(value, "GZIP_1") ) (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type = GZIP_1; else if (!FSTRCMP(value, "GZIP_2") ) (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type = GZIP_2; else if (!FSTRCMP(value, "BZIP2_1") ) (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type = BZIP2_1; else if (!FSTRCMP(value, "PLIO_1") ) (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type = PLIO_1; else if (!FSTRCMP(value, "NOCOMPRESS") ) (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type = NOCOMPRESS; else { ffpmsg("Unknown image compression type:"); ffpmsg(value); return (*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } if (ffgky (infptr, TINT, "ZBITPIX", &(infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix, NULL, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("required ZBITPIX compression keyword not found"); return(*status); } /* If ZZERO and ZSCALE columns don't exist for floating-point types, assume there is NO quantization. Treat exactly as if it had ZQUANTIZ='NONE'. This is true regardless of whether or not file has a ZQUANTIZ keyword. */ tstatus=0; tstatus2=0; if ((infptr->Fptr->zbitpix < 0) && (fits_get_colnum(infptr,CASEINSEN,"ZZERO",&colNum,&tstatus) == COL_NOT_FOUND) && (fits_get_colnum(infptr,CASEINSEN,"ZSCALE",&colNum,&tstatus2) == COL_NOT_FOUND)) { (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_level = NO_QUANTIZE; } else { /* get the floating point to integer quantization type, if present. */ /* FITS files produced before 2009 will not have this keyword */ tstatus = 0; if (ffgky(infptr, TSTRING, "ZQUANTIZ", value, NULL, &tstatus) > 0) { (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_method = 0; (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_level = 0; } else { if (!FSTRCMP(value, "NONE") ) { (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_level = NO_QUANTIZE; } else if (!FSTRCMP(value, "SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1") ) (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_method = SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1; else if (!FSTRCMP(value, "SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2") ) (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_method = SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2; else if (!FSTRCMP(value, "NO_DITHER") ) (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_method = NO_DITHER; else (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_method = 0; } } /* get the floating point quantization dithering offset, if present. */ /* FITS files produced before October 2009 will not have this keyword */ tstatus = 0; if (ffgky(infptr, TINT, "ZDITHER0", &doffset, NULL, &tstatus) > 0) { /* by default start with 1st element of random sequence */ (infptr->Fptr)->dither_seed = 1; } else { (infptr->Fptr)->dither_seed = doffset; } if (ffgky (infptr,TINT, "ZNAXIS", &(infptr->Fptr)->zndim, NULL, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("required ZNAXIS compression keyword not found"); return(*status); } if ((infptr->Fptr)->zndim < 1) { ffpmsg("Compressed image has no data (ZNAXIS < 1)"); return (*status = BAD_NAXIS); } if ((infptr->Fptr)->zndim > MAX_COMPRESS_DIM) { ffpmsg("Compressed image has too many dimensions"); return(*status = BAD_NAXIS); } expect_nrows = 1; maxtilelen = 1; for (ii = 0; ii < (infptr->Fptr)->zndim; ii++) { /* get image size */ snprintf (keyword, FLEN_KEYWORD,"ZNAXIS%d", ii+1); ffgky (infptr, TLONG,keyword, &(infptr->Fptr)->znaxis[ii],NULL,status); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("required ZNAXISn compression keyword not found"); return(*status); } /* get compression tile size */ snprintf (keyword, FLEN_KEYWORD,"ZTILE%d", ii+1); /* set default tile size in case keywords are not present */ if (ii == 0) (infptr->Fptr)->tilesize[0] = (infptr->Fptr)->znaxis[0]; else (infptr->Fptr)->tilesize[ii] = 1; tstatus = 0; ffgky (infptr, TLONG, keyword, &(infptr->Fptr)->tilesize[ii], NULL, &tstatus); expect_nrows *= (((infptr->Fptr)->znaxis[ii] - 1) / (infptr->Fptr)->tilesize[ii]+ 1); maxtilelen *= (infptr->Fptr)->tilesize[ii]; } /* check number of rows */ if (expect_nrows != (infptr->Fptr)->numrows) { ffpmsg( "number of table rows != the number of tiles in compressed image"); return (*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } /* read any algorithm specific parameters */ if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == RICE_1 ) { if (ffgky(infptr, TINT,"ZVAL1", &(infptr->Fptr)->rice_blocksize, NULL, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("required ZVAL1 compression keyword not found"); return(*status); } tstatus = 0; /* First check for very old files, where ZVAL2 wasn't yet designated for bytepix */ if (!ffgky(infptr, TSTRING, "ZNAME2", value, NULL, &tstatus) && !FSTRCMP(value, "NOISEBIT")) { oldFormat = 1; } tstatus = 0; if (oldFormat || ffgky(infptr, TINT,"ZVAL2", &(infptr->Fptr)->rice_bytepix, NULL, &tstatus) > 0) { (infptr->Fptr)->rice_bytepix = 4; /* default value */ } if ((infptr->Fptr)->rice_blocksize < 16 && (infptr->Fptr)->rice_bytepix > 8) { /* values are reversed */ tstatus = (infptr->Fptr)->rice_bytepix; (infptr->Fptr)->rice_bytepix = (infptr->Fptr)->rice_blocksize; (infptr->Fptr)->rice_blocksize = tstatus; } } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == HCOMPRESS_1 ) { if (ffgky(infptr, TFLOAT,"ZVAL1", &(infptr->Fptr)->hcomp_scale, NULL, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("required ZVAL1 compression keyword not found"); return(*status); } tstatus = 0; ffgky(infptr, TINT,"ZVAL2", &(infptr->Fptr)->hcomp_smooth, NULL, &tstatus); } /* store number of pixels in each compression tile, */ /* and max size of the compressed tile buffer */ (infptr->Fptr)->maxtilelen = maxtilelen; (infptr->Fptr)->maxelem = imcomp_calc_max_elem ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type, maxtilelen, (infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix, (infptr->Fptr)->rice_blocksize); /* Get Column numbers. */ if (ffgcno(infptr, CASEINSEN, "COMPRESSED_DATA", &(infptr->Fptr)->cn_compressed, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("couldn't find COMPRESSED_DATA column (fits_get_compressed_img_par)"); return(*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } ffpmrk(); /* put mark on message stack; erase any messages after this */ tstatus = 0; ffgcno(infptr,CASEINSEN, "UNCOMPRESSED_DATA", &(infptr->Fptr)->cn_uncompressed, &tstatus); tstatus = 0; ffgcno(infptr,CASEINSEN, "GZIP_COMPRESSED_DATA", &(infptr->Fptr)->cn_gzip_data, &tstatus); tstatus = 0; if (ffgcno(infptr, CASEINSEN, "ZSCALE", &(infptr->Fptr)->cn_zscale, &tstatus) > 0) { /* CMPSCALE column doesn't exist; see if there is a keyword */ tstatus = 0; if (ffgky(infptr, TDOUBLE, "ZSCALE", &(infptr->Fptr)->zscale, NULL, &tstatus) <= 0) (infptr->Fptr)->cn_zscale = -1; /* flag for a constant ZSCALE */ } tstatus = 0; if (ffgcno(infptr, CASEINSEN, "ZZERO", &(infptr->Fptr)->cn_zzero, &tstatus) > 0) { /* CMPZERO column doesn't exist; see if there is a keyword */ tstatus = 0; if (ffgky(infptr, TDOUBLE, "ZZERO", &(infptr->Fptr)->zzero, NULL, &tstatus) <= 0) (infptr->Fptr)->cn_zzero = -1; /* flag for a constant ZZERO */ } tstatus = 0; if (ffgcno(infptr, CASEINSEN, "ZBLANK", &(infptr->Fptr)->cn_zblank, &tstatus) > 0) { /* ZBLANK column doesn't exist; see if there is a keyword */ tstatus = 0; if (ffgky(infptr, TINT, "ZBLANK", &(infptr->Fptr)->zblank, NULL, &tstatus) <= 0) { (infptr->Fptr)->cn_zblank = -1; /* flag for a constant ZBLANK */ } else { /* ZBLANK keyword doesn't exist; see if there is a BLANK keyword */ tstatus = 0; if (ffgky(infptr, TINT, "BLANK", &(infptr->Fptr)->zblank, NULL, &tstatus) <= 0) (infptr->Fptr)->cn_zblank = -1; /* flag for a constant ZBLANK */ } } /* read the conventional BSCALE and BZERO scaling keywords, if present */ tstatus = 0; if (ffgky (infptr, TDOUBLE, "BSCALE", &(infptr->Fptr)->cn_bscale, NULL, &tstatus) > 0) { (infptr->Fptr)->cn_bscale = 1.0; } tstatus = 0; if (ffgky (infptr, TDOUBLE, "BZERO", &(infptr->Fptr)->cn_bzero, NULL, &tstatus) > 0) { (infptr->Fptr)->cn_bzero = 0.0; (infptr->Fptr)->cn_actual_bzero = 0.0; } else { (infptr->Fptr)->cn_actual_bzero = (infptr->Fptr)->cn_bzero; } /* special case: the quantization level is not given by a keyword in */ /* the HDU header, so we have to explicitly copy the requested value */ /* to the actual value */ if ( (infptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level != 0.) (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_level = (infptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level; ffcmrk(); /* clear any spurious error messages, back to the mark */ return (*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_copy_imheader(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status) /* This routine reads the header keywords from the input image and copies them to the output image; the manditory structural keywords and the checksum keywords are not copied. If the DATE keyword is copied, then it is updated with the current date and time. */ { int nkeys, ii, keyclass; char card[FLEN_CARD]; /* a header record */ if (*status > 0) return(*status); ffghsp(infptr, &nkeys, NULL, status); /* get number of keywords in image */ for (ii = 5; ii <= nkeys; ii++) /* skip the first 4 keywords */ { ffgrec(infptr, ii, card, status); keyclass = ffgkcl(card); /* Get the type/class of keyword */ /* don't copy structural keywords or checksum keywords */ if ((keyclass <= TYP_CMPRS_KEY) || (keyclass == TYP_CKSUM_KEY)) continue; if (FSTRNCMP(card, "DATE ", 5) == 0) /* write current date */ { ffpdat(outfptr, status); } else if (FSTRNCMP(card, "EXTNAME ", 8) == 0) { /* don't copy default EXTNAME keyword from a compressed image */ if (FSTRNCMP(card, "EXTNAME = 'COMPRESSED_IMAGE'", 28)) { /* if EXTNAME keyword already exists, overwrite it */ /* otherwise append a new EXTNAME keyword */ ffucrd(outfptr, "EXTNAME", card, status); } } else { /* just copy the keyword to the output header */ ffprec (outfptr, card, status); } if (*status > 0) return (*status); } return (*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_copy_img2comp(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status) /* This routine copies the header keywords from the uncompressed input image and to the compressed image (in a binary table) */ { char card[FLEN_CARD], card2[FLEN_CARD]; /* a header record */ int nkeys, nmore, ii, jj, tstatus, bitpix; /* tile compressed image keyword translation table */ /* INPUT OUTPUT */ /* 01234567 01234567 */ char *patterns[][2] = {{"SIMPLE", "ZSIMPLE" }, {"XTENSION", "ZTENSION" }, {"BITPIX", "ZBITPIX" }, {"NAXIS", "ZNAXIS" }, {"NAXISm", "ZNAXISm" }, {"EXTEND", "ZEXTEND" }, {"BLOCKED", "ZBLOCKED"}, {"PCOUNT", "ZPCOUNT" }, {"GCOUNT", "ZGCOUNT" }, {"CHECKSUM","ZHECKSUM"}, /* save original checksums */ {"DATASUM", "ZDATASUM"}, {"*", "+" }}; /* copy all other keywords */ int npat; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* write a default EXTNAME keyword if it doesn't exist in input file*/ fits_read_card(infptr, "EXTNAME", card, status); if (*status) { *status = 0; strcpy(card, "EXTNAME = 'COMPRESSED_IMAGE'"); fits_write_record(outfptr, card, status); } /* copy all the keywords from the input file to the output */ npat = sizeof(patterns)/sizeof(patterns[0][0])/2; fits_translate_keywords(infptr, outfptr, 1, patterns, npat, 0, 0, 0, status); if ( (outfptr->Fptr)->request_lossy_int_compress != 0) { /* request was made to compress integer images as if they had float pixels. */ /* If input image has positive bitpix value, then reset the output ZBITPIX */ /* value to -32. */ fits_read_key(infptr, TINT, "BITPIX", &bitpix, NULL, status); if (*status <= 0 && bitpix > 0) { fits_modify_key_lng(outfptr, "ZBITPIX", -32, NULL, status); /* also delete the BSCALE, BZERO, and BLANK keywords */ tstatus = 0; fits_delete_key(outfptr, "BSCALE", &tstatus); tstatus = 0; fits_delete_key(outfptr, "BZERO", &tstatus); tstatus = 0; fits_delete_key(outfptr, "BLANK", &tstatus); } } /* For compatibility with software that uses an older version of CFITSIO, we must make certain that the new ZQUANTIZ keyword, if it exists, must occur after the other peudo-required keywords (e.g., ZSIMPLE, ZBITPIX, etc.). Do this by trying to delete the keyword. If that succeeds (and thus the keyword did exist) then rewrite the keyword at the end of header. In principle this should not be necessary once all software has upgraded to a newer version of CFITSIO (version number greater than 3.181, newer than August 2009). Do the same for the new ZDITHER0 keyword. */ tstatus = 0; if (fits_read_card(outfptr, "ZQUANTIZ", card, &tstatus) == 0) { fits_delete_key(outfptr, "ZQUANTIZ", status); /* rewrite the deleted keyword at the end of the header */ fits_write_record(outfptr, card, status); /* write some associated HISTORY keywords */ fits_parse_value(card, card2, NULL, status); if (fits_strncasecmp(card2, "'NONE", 5) ) { /* the value is not 'NONE' */ fits_write_history(outfptr, "Image was compressed by CFITSIO using scaled integer quantization:", status); snprintf(card2, FLEN_CARD," q = %f / quantized level scaling parameter", (outfptr->Fptr)->request_quantize_level); fits_write_history(outfptr, card2, status); fits_write_history(outfptr, card+10, status); } } tstatus = 0; if (fits_read_card(outfptr, "ZDITHER0", card, &tstatus) == 0) { fits_delete_key(outfptr, "ZDITHER0", status); /* rewrite the deleted keyword at the end of the header */ fits_write_record(outfptr, card, status); } ffghsp(infptr, &nkeys, &nmore, status); /* get number of keywords in image */ nmore = nmore / 36; /* how many completely empty header blocks are there? */ /* preserve the same number of spare header blocks in the output header */ for (jj = 0; jj < nmore; jj++) for (ii = 0; ii < 36; ii++) fits_write_record(outfptr, " ", status); return (*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_copy_comp2img(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int norec, int *status) /* This routine copies the header keywords from the compressed input image and to the uncompressed image (in a binary table) */ { char card[FLEN_CARD]; /* a header record */ char *patterns[40][2]; char negative[] = "-"; int ii,jj, npat, nreq, nsp, tstatus = 0; int nkeys, nmore; /* tile compressed image keyword translation table */ /* INPUT OUTPUT */ /* 01234567 01234567 */ /* only translate these if required keywords not already written */ char *reqkeys[][2] = { {"ZSIMPLE", "SIMPLE" }, {"ZTENSION", "XTENSION"}, {"ZBITPIX", "BITPIX" }, {"ZNAXIS", "NAXIS" }, {"ZNAXISm", "NAXISm" }, {"ZEXTEND", "EXTEND" }, {"ZBLOCKED", "BLOCKED"}, {"ZPCOUNT", "PCOUNT" }, {"ZGCOUNT", "GCOUNT" }, {"ZHECKSUM", "CHECKSUM"}, /* restore original checksums */ {"ZDATASUM", "DATASUM"}}; /* other special keywords */ char *spkeys[][2] = { {"XTENSION", "-" }, {"BITPIX", "-" }, {"NAXIS", "-" }, {"NAXISm", "-" }, {"PCOUNT", "-" }, {"GCOUNT", "-" }, {"TFIELDS", "-" }, {"TTYPEm", "-" }, {"TFORMm", "-" }, {"THEAP", "-" }, {"ZIMAGE", "-" }, {"ZQUANTIZ", "-" }, {"ZDITHER0", "-" }, {"ZTILEm", "-" }, {"ZCMPTYPE", "-" }, {"ZBLANK", "-" }, {"ZNAMEm", "-" }, {"ZVALm", "-" }, {"CHECKSUM","-" }, /* delete checksums */ {"DATASUM", "-" }, {"EXTNAME", "+" }, /* we may change this, below */ {"*", "+" }}; if (*status > 0) return(*status); nreq = sizeof(reqkeys)/sizeof(reqkeys[0][0])/2; nsp = sizeof(spkeys)/sizeof(spkeys[0][0])/2; /* construct translation patterns */ for (ii = 0; ii < nreq; ii++) { patterns[ii][0] = reqkeys[ii][0]; if (norec) patterns[ii][1] = negative; else patterns[ii][1] = reqkeys[ii][1]; } for (ii = 0; ii < nsp; ii++) { patterns[ii+nreq][0] = spkeys[ii][0]; patterns[ii+nreq][1] = spkeys[ii][1]; } npat = nreq + nsp; /* see if the EXTNAME keyword should be copied or not */ fits_read_card(infptr, "EXTNAME", card, &tstatus); if (tstatus == 0) { if (!strncmp(card, "EXTNAME = 'COMPRESSED_IMAGE'", 28)) patterns[npat-2][1] = negative; } /* translate and copy the keywords from the input file to the output */ fits_translate_keywords(infptr, outfptr, 1, patterns, npat, 0, 0, 0, status); ffghsp(infptr, &nkeys, &nmore, status); /* get number of keywords in image */ nmore = nmore / 36; /* how many completely empty header blocks are there? */ /* preserve the same number of spare header blocks in the output header */ for (jj = 0; jj < nmore; jj++) for (ii = 0; ii < 36; ii++) fits_write_record(outfptr, " ", status); return (*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_copy_prime2img(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status) /* This routine copies any unexpected keywords from the primary array of the compressed input image into the header of the uncompressed image (which is the primary array of the output file). */ { int nsp; /* keywords that will not be copied */ char *spkeys[][2] = { {"SIMPLE", "-" }, {"BITPIX", "-" }, {"NAXIS", "-" }, {"NAXISm", "-" }, {"PCOUNT", "-" }, {"EXTEND", "-" }, {"GCOUNT", "-" }, {"CHECKSUM","-" }, {"DATASUM", "-" }, {"EXTNAME", "-" }, {"HISTORY", "-" }, {"COMMENT", "-" }, {"*", "+" }}; if (*status > 0) return(*status); nsp = sizeof(spkeys)/sizeof(spkeys[0][0])/2; /* translate and copy the keywords from the input file to the output */ fits_translate_keywords(infptr, outfptr, 1, spkeys, nsp, 0, 0, 0, status); return (*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_decompress_tile (fitsfile *infptr, int nrow, /* I - row of table to read and uncompress */ int tilelen, /* I - number of pixels in the tile */ int datatype, /* I - datatype to be returned in 'buffer' */ int nullcheck, /* I - 0 for no null checking */ void *nulval, /* I - value to be used for undefined pixels */ void *buffer, /* O - buffer for returned decompressed values */ char *bnullarray, /* O - buffer for returned null flags */ int *anynul, /* O - any null values returned? */ int *status) /* This routine decompresses one tile of the image */ { int *idata = 0; int tiledatatype, pixlen = 0; /* uncompressed integer data */ size_t idatalen, tilebytesize; int ii, tnull; /* value in the data which represents nulls */ unsigned char *cbuf; /* compressed data */ unsigned char charnull = 0; short snull = 0; int blocksize, ntilebins, tilecol = 0; float fnulval=0; float *tempfloat = 0; double *tempdouble = 0; double dnulval=0; double bscale, bzero, actual_bzero, dummy = 0; /* scaling parameters */ long tilesize; /* number of bytes */ int smooth, nx, ny, scale; /* hcompress parameters */ LONGLONG nelemll = 0, offset = 0; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* **************************************************************** */ /* allocate pointers to array of cached uncompressed tiles, if not already done */ if ((infptr->Fptr)->tilerow == 0) { /* calculate number of column bins of compressed tile */ ntilebins = (((infptr->Fptr)->znaxis[0] - 1) / ((infptr->Fptr)->tilesize[0])) + 1; if ((infptr->Fptr)->znaxis[0] != (infptr->Fptr)->tilesize[0] || (infptr->Fptr)->tilesize[1] != 1 ) { /* don't cache the tile if only single row of the image */ (infptr->Fptr)->tilerow = (int *) calloc (ntilebins, sizeof(int)); (infptr->Fptr)->tiledata = (void**) calloc (ntilebins, sizeof(void*)); (infptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray = (void **) calloc (ntilebins, sizeof(char*)); (infptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize = (long *) calloc (ntilebins, sizeof(long)); (infptr->Fptr)->tiletype = (int *) calloc (ntilebins, sizeof(int)); (infptr->Fptr)->tileanynull = (int *) calloc (ntilebins, sizeof(int)); } } /* **************************************************************** */ /* check if this tile was cached; if so, just copy it out */ if ((infptr->Fptr)->tilerow) { /* calculate the column bin of the compressed tile */ tilecol = (nrow - 1) % ((long)(((infptr->Fptr)->znaxis[0] - 1) / ((infptr->Fptr)->tilesize[0])) + 1); if (nrow == (infptr->Fptr)->tilerow[tilecol] && datatype == (infptr->Fptr)->tiletype[tilecol] ) { memcpy(buffer, ((infptr->Fptr)->tiledata)[tilecol], (infptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize[tilecol]); if (nullcheck == 2) memcpy(bnullarray, (infptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray[tilecol], tilelen); *anynul = (infptr->Fptr)->tileanynull[tilecol]; return(*status); } } /* **************************************************************** */ /* get length of the compressed byte stream */ ffgdesll (infptr, (infptr->Fptr)->cn_compressed, nrow, &nelemll, &offset, status); /* EOF error here indicates that this tile has not yet been written */ if (*status == END_OF_FILE) return(*status = NO_COMPRESSED_TILE); /* **************************************************************** */ if (nelemll == 0) /* special case: tile was not compressed normally */ { if ((infptr->Fptr)->cn_uncompressed >= 1 ) { /* This option of writing the uncompressed floating point data */ /* to the tile compressed file was used until about May 2011. */ /* This was replaced by the more efficient option of gzipping the */ /* floating point data before writing it to the tile-compressed file */ /* no compressed data, so simply read the uncompressed data */ /* directly from the UNCOMPRESSED_DATA column */ ffgdesll (infptr, (infptr->Fptr)->cn_uncompressed, nrow, &nelemll, &offset, status); if (nelemll == 0 && offset == 0) /* this should never happen */ return (*status = NO_COMPRESSED_TILE); if (nullcheck <= 1) { /* set any null values in the array = nulval */ fits_read_col(infptr, datatype, (infptr->Fptr)->cn_uncompressed, nrow, 1, (long) nelemll, nulval, buffer, anynul, status); } else { /* set the bnullarray = 1 for any null values in the array */ fits_read_colnull(infptr, datatype, (infptr->Fptr)->cn_uncompressed, nrow, 1, (long) nelemll, buffer, bnullarray, anynul, status); } } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->cn_gzip_data >= 1) { /* This is the newer option, that was introduced in May 2011 */ /* floating point data was not quantized, so read the losslessly */ /* compressed data from the GZIP_COMPRESSED_DATA column */ ffgdesll (infptr, (infptr->Fptr)->cn_gzip_data, nrow, &nelemll, &offset, status); if (nelemll == 0 && offset == 0) /* this should never happen */ return (*status = NO_COMPRESSED_TILE); /* allocate memory for the compressed tile of data */ cbuf = (unsigned char *) malloc ((long) nelemll); if (cbuf == NULL) { ffpmsg("error allocating memory for gzipped tile (imcomp_decompress_tile)"); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* read array of compressed bytes */ if (fits_read_col(infptr, TBYTE, (infptr->Fptr)->cn_gzip_data, nrow, 1, (long) nelemll, &charnull, cbuf, NULL, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("error reading compressed byte stream from binary table"); free (cbuf); return (*status); } /* size of the returned (uncompressed) data buffer, in bytes */ if ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == FLOAT_IMG) { idatalen = tilelen * sizeof(float); } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == DOUBLE_IMG) { idatalen = tilelen * sizeof(double); } else { /* this should never happen! */ ffpmsg("incompatible data type in gzipped floating-point tile-compressed image"); free (cbuf); return (*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } /* Do not allow image float/doubles into int arrays */ if (datatype != TFLOAT && datatype != TDOUBLE) { ffpmsg("attempting to read compressed float or double image into incompatible data type"); free(cbuf); return (*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } if (datatype == TFLOAT && (infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == DOUBLE_IMG) { tempdouble = (double*)malloc(idatalen); if (tempdouble == NULL) { ffpmsg("Memory allocation failure for tempdouble. (imcomp_decompress_tile)"); free (cbuf); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* uncompress the data into temp buffer */ if (uncompress2mem_from_mem ((char *)cbuf, (long) nelemll, (char **) &tempdouble, &idatalen, NULL, &tilebytesize, status)) { ffpmsg("failed to gunzip the image tile"); free (tempdouble); free (cbuf); return (*status); } } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE && (infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == FLOAT_IMG) { /* have to allocat a temporary buffer for the uncompressed data in the */ /* case where a gzipped "float" tile is returned as a "double" array */ tempfloat = (float*) malloc (idatalen); if (tempfloat == NULL) { ffpmsg("Memory allocation failure for tempfloat. (imcomp_decompress_tile)"); free (cbuf); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* uncompress the data into temp buffer */ if (uncompress2mem_from_mem ((char *)cbuf, (long) nelemll, (char **) &tempfloat, &idatalen, NULL, &tilebytesize, status)) { ffpmsg("failed to gunzip the image tile"); free (tempfloat); free (cbuf); return (*status); } } else { /* uncompress the data directly into the output buffer in all other cases */ if (uncompress2mem_from_mem ((char *)cbuf, (long) nelemll, (char **) &buffer, &idatalen, NULL, &tilebytesize, status)) { ffpmsg("failed to gunzip the image tile"); free (cbuf); return (*status); } } free(cbuf); /* do byte swapping and null value substitution for the tile of pixels */ if (tilebytesize == 4 * tilelen) { /* float pixels */ #if BYTESWAPPED if (tempfloat) ffswap4((int *) tempfloat, tilelen); else ffswap4((int *) buffer, tilelen); #endif if (datatype == TFLOAT) { if (nulval) { fnulval = *(float *) nulval; } fffr4r4((float *) buffer, (long) tilelen, 1., 0., nullcheck, fnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (float *) buffer, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { if (nulval) { dnulval = *(double *) nulval; } /* note that the R*4 data are in the tempfloat array in this case */ fffr4r8((float *) tempfloat, (long) tilelen, 1., 0., nullcheck, dnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (double *) buffer, status); free(tempfloat); } else { ffpmsg("implicit data type conversion is not supported for gzipped image tiles"); return (*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } } else if (tilebytesize == 8 * tilelen) { /* double pixels */ #if BYTESWAPPED if (tempdouble) ffswap8((double *) tempdouble, tilelen); else ffswap8((double *) buffer, tilelen); #endif if (datatype == TFLOAT) { if (nulval) { fnulval = *(float *) nulval; } fffr8r4((double *) tempdouble, (long) tilelen, 1., 0., nullcheck, fnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (float *) buffer, status); free(tempdouble); tempdouble=0; } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { if (nulval) { dnulval = *(double *) nulval; } fffr8r8((double *) buffer, (long) tilelen, 1., 0., nullcheck, dnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (double *) buffer, status); } else { ffpmsg("implicit data type conversion is not supported in tile-compressed images"); return (*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } } else { ffpmsg("error: uncompressed tile has wrong size"); return (*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } /* end of special case of losslessly gzipping a floating-point image tile */ } else { /* this should never happen */ *status = NO_COMPRESSED_TILE; } return(*status); } /* **************************************************************** */ /* deal with the normal case of a compressed tile of pixels */ if (nullcheck == 2) { for (ii = 0; ii < tilelen; ii++) /* initialize the null flage array */ bnullarray[ii] = 0; } if (anynul) *anynul = 0; /* get linear scaling and offset values, if they exist */ actual_bzero = (infptr->Fptr)->cn_actual_bzero; if ((infptr->Fptr)->cn_zscale == 0) { /* set default scaling, if scaling is not defined */ bscale = 1.; bzero = 0.; } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->cn_zscale == -1) { bscale = (infptr->Fptr)->zscale; bzero = (infptr->Fptr)->zzero; } else { /* read the linear scale and offset values for this row */ ffgcvd (infptr, (infptr->Fptr)->cn_zscale, nrow, 1, 1, 0., &bscale, NULL, status); ffgcvd (infptr, (infptr->Fptr)->cn_zzero, nrow, 1, 1, 0., &bzero, NULL, status); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("error reading scaling factor and offset for compressed tile"); return (*status); } /* test if floating-point FITS image also has non-default BSCALE and */ /* BZERO keywords. If so, we have to combine the 2 linear scaling factors. */ if ( ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == FLOAT_IMG || (infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == DOUBLE_IMG ) && ((infptr->Fptr)->cn_bscale != 1.0 || (infptr->Fptr)->cn_bzero != 0.0 ) ) { bscale = bscale * (infptr->Fptr)->cn_bscale; bzero = bzero * (infptr->Fptr)->cn_bscale + (infptr->Fptr)->cn_bzero; } } if (bscale == 1.0 && bzero == 0.0 ) { /* if no other scaling has been specified, try using the values given by the BSCALE and BZERO keywords, if any */ bscale = (infptr->Fptr)->cn_bscale; bzero = (infptr->Fptr)->cn_bzero; } /* ************************************************************* */ /* get the value used to represent nulls in the int array */ if ((infptr->Fptr)->cn_zblank == 0) { nullcheck = 0; /* no null value; don't check for nulls */ } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->cn_zblank == -1) { tnull = (infptr->Fptr)->zblank; /* use the the ZBLANK keyword */ } else { /* read the null value for this row */ ffgcvk (infptr, (infptr->Fptr)->cn_zblank, nrow, 1, 1, 0, &tnull, NULL, status); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("error reading null value for compressed tile"); return (*status); } } /* ************************************************************* */ /* allocate memory for the uncompressed array of tile integers */ /* The size depends on the datatype and the compression type. */ if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == HCOMPRESS_1 && ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix != BYTE_IMG && (infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix != SHORT_IMG) ) { idatalen = tilelen * sizeof(LONGLONG); /* 8 bytes per pixel */ } else if ( (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == RICE_1 && (infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == BYTE_IMG && (infptr->Fptr)->rice_bytepix == 1) { idatalen = tilelen * sizeof(char); /* 1 byte per pixel */ } else if ( ( (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_1 || (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 || (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == BZIP2_1 ) && (infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == BYTE_IMG ) { idatalen = tilelen * sizeof(char); /* 1 byte per pixel */ } else if ( (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == RICE_1 && (infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == SHORT_IMG && (infptr->Fptr)->rice_bytepix == 2) { idatalen = tilelen * sizeof(short); /* 2 bytes per pixel */ } else if ( ( (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_1 || (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 || (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == BZIP2_1 ) && (infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == SHORT_IMG ) { idatalen = tilelen * sizeof(short); /* 2 bytes per pixel */ } else if ( ( (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_1 || (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 || (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == BZIP2_1 ) && (infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == DOUBLE_IMG ) { idatalen = tilelen * sizeof(double); /* 8 bytes per pixel */ } else { idatalen = tilelen * sizeof(int); /* all other cases have int pixels */ } idata = (int*) malloc (idatalen); if (idata == NULL) { ffpmsg("Memory allocation failure for idata. (imcomp_decompress_tile)"); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* ************************************************************* */ /* allocate memory for the compressed bytes */ if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == PLIO_1) { cbuf = (unsigned char *) malloc ((long) nelemll * sizeof (short)); } else { cbuf = (unsigned char *) malloc ((long) nelemll); } if (cbuf == NULL) { ffpmsg("Out of memory for cbuf. (imcomp_decompress_tile)"); free(idata); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } /* ************************************************************* */ /* read the compressed bytes from the FITS file */ if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == PLIO_1) { fits_read_col(infptr, TSHORT, (infptr->Fptr)->cn_compressed, nrow, 1, (long) nelemll, &snull, (short *) cbuf, NULL, status); } else { fits_read_col(infptr, TBYTE, (infptr->Fptr)->cn_compressed, nrow, 1, (long) nelemll, &charnull, cbuf, NULL, status); } if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("error reading compressed byte stream from binary table"); free (cbuf); free(idata); return (*status); } /* ************************************************************* */ /* call the algorithm-specific code to uncompress the tile */ if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == RICE_1) { blocksize = (infptr->Fptr)->rice_blocksize; if ((infptr->Fptr)->rice_bytepix == 1 ) { *status = fits_rdecomp_byte (cbuf, (long) nelemll, (unsigned char *)idata, tilelen, blocksize); tiledatatype = TBYTE; } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->rice_bytepix == 2 ) { *status = fits_rdecomp_short (cbuf, (long) nelemll, (unsigned short *)idata, tilelen, blocksize); tiledatatype = TSHORT; } else { *status = fits_rdecomp (cbuf, (long) nelemll, (unsigned int *)idata, tilelen, blocksize); tiledatatype = TINT; } /* ************************************************************* */ } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == HCOMPRESS_1) { smooth = (infptr->Fptr)->hcomp_smooth; if ( ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == BYTE_IMG || (infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == SHORT_IMG)) { *status = fits_hdecompress(cbuf, smooth, idata, &nx, &ny, &scale, status); } else { /* zbitpix = LONG_IMG (32) */ /* idata must have been allocated twice as large for this to work */ *status = fits_hdecompress64(cbuf, smooth, (LONGLONG *) idata, &nx, &ny, &scale, status); } tiledatatype = TINT; /* ************************************************************* */ } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == PLIO_1) { pl_l2pi ((short *) cbuf, 1, idata, tilelen); /* uncompress the data */ tiledatatype = TINT; /* ************************************************************* */ } else if ( ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_1) || ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2) ) { uncompress2mem_from_mem ((char *)cbuf, (long) nelemll, (char **) &idata, &idatalen, realloc, &tilebytesize, status); /* determine the data type of the uncompressed array, and */ /* do byte unshuffling and unswapping if needed */ if (tilebytesize == (size_t) (tilelen * 2)) { /* this is a short I*2 array */ tiledatatype = TSHORT; if ( (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 ) fits_unshuffle_2bytes((char *) idata, tilelen, status); #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap2((short *) idata, tilelen); #endif } else if (tilebytesize == (size_t) (tilelen * 4)) { /* this is a int I*4 array (or maybe R*4) */ tiledatatype = TINT; if ( (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 ) fits_unshuffle_4bytes((char *) idata, tilelen, status); #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap4(idata, tilelen); #endif } else if (tilebytesize == (size_t) (tilelen * 8)) { /* this is a R*8 double array */ tiledatatype = TDOUBLE; if ( (infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == GZIP_2 ) fits_unshuffle_8bytes((char *) idata, tilelen, status); #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap8((double *) idata, tilelen); #endif } else if (tilebytesize == (size_t) tilelen) { /* this is an unsigned char I*1 array */ tiledatatype = TBYTE; } else { ffpmsg("error: uncompressed tile has wrong size"); free(idata); return (*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } /* ************************************************************* */ } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == BZIP2_1) { /* BZIP2 is not supported in the public release; this is only for test purposes if (BZ2_bzBuffToBuffDecompress ((char *) idata, &idatalen, (char *)cbuf, (unsigned int) nelemll, 0, 0) ) */ { ffpmsg("bzip2 decompression error"); free(idata); free (cbuf); return (*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } if ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == BYTE_IMG) { tiledatatype = TBYTE; } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->zbitpix == SHORT_IMG) { tiledatatype = TSHORT; #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap2((short *) idata, tilelen); #endif } else { tiledatatype = TINT; #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap4(idata, tilelen); #endif } /* ************************************************************* */ } else { ffpmsg("unknown compression algorithm"); free(idata); return (*status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR); } free(cbuf); if (*status) { /* error uncompressing the tile */ free(idata); return (*status); } /* ************************************************************* */ /* copy the uncompressed tile data to the output buffer, doing */ /* null checking, datatype conversion and linear scaling, if necessary */ if (nulval == 0) nulval = &dummy; /* set address to dummy value */ if (datatype == TSHORT) { pixlen = sizeof(short); if ((infptr->Fptr)->quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE) { /* the floating point pixels were losselessly compressed with GZIP */ /* Just have to copy the values to the output array */ if (tiledatatype == TINT) { fffr4i2((float *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, *(short *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (short *) buffer, status); } else { fffr8i2((double *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, *(short *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (short *) buffer, status); } } else if (tiledatatype == TINT) { if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == PLIO_1 && actual_bzero == 32768.) { /* special case where unsigned 16-bit integers have been */ /* offset by +32768 when using PLIO */ fffi4i2(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero - 32768., nullcheck, tnull, *(short *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (short *) buffer, status); } else { fffi4i2(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, tnull, *(short *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (short *) buffer, status); /* Hcompress is a special case: ignore any numerical overflow errors that may have occurred during the integer*4 to integer*2 convertion. Overflows can happen when a lossy Hcompress algorithm is invoked (with a non-zero scale factor). The fffi4i2 routine clips the returned values to be within the legal I*2 range, so all we need to is to reset the error status to zero. */ if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == HCOMPRESS_1) { if ((*status == NUM_OVERFLOW) || (*status == OVERFLOW_ERR)) *status = 0; } } } else if (tiledatatype == TSHORT) { fffi2i2((short *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (short) tnull, *(short *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (short *) buffer, status); } else if (tiledatatype == TBYTE) { fffi1i2((unsigned char *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, *(short *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (short *) buffer, status); } } else if (datatype == TINT) { pixlen = sizeof(int); if ((infptr->Fptr)->quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE) { /* the floating point pixels were losselessly compressed with GZIP */ /* Just have to copy the values to the output array */ if (tiledatatype == TINT) { fffr4int((float *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, *(int *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (int *) buffer, status); } else { fffr8int((double *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, *(int *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (int *) buffer, status); } } else if (tiledatatype == TINT) if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == PLIO_1 && actual_bzero == 32768.) { /* special case where unsigned 16-bit integers have been */ /* offset by +32768 when using PLIO */ fffi4int(idata, (long) tilelen, bscale, bzero - 32768., nullcheck, tnull, *(int *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (int *) buffer, status); } else { fffi4int(idata, (long) tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, tnull, *(int *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (int *) buffer, status); } else if (tiledatatype == TSHORT) fffi2int((short *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (short) tnull, *(int *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (int *) buffer, status); else if (tiledatatype == TBYTE) fffi1int((unsigned char *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, *(int *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (int *) buffer, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { pixlen = sizeof(long); if ((infptr->Fptr)->quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE) { /* the floating point pixels were losselessly compressed with GZIP */ /* Just have to copy the values to the output array */ if (tiledatatype == TINT) { fffr4i4((float *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, *(long *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (long *) buffer, status); } else { fffr8i4((double *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, *(long *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (long *) buffer, status); } } else if (tiledatatype == TINT) if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == PLIO_1 && actual_bzero == 32768.) { /* special case where unsigned 16-bit integers have been */ /* offset by +32768 when using PLIO */ fffi4i4(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero - 32768., nullcheck, tnull, *(long *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (long *) buffer, status); } else { fffi4i4(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, tnull, *(long *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (long *) buffer, status); } else if (tiledatatype == TSHORT) fffi2i4((short *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (short) tnull, *(long *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (long *) buffer, status); else if (tiledatatype == TBYTE) fffi1i4((unsigned char *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, *(long *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (long *) buffer, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { pixlen = sizeof(float); if (nulval) { fnulval = *(float *) nulval; } if ((infptr->Fptr)->quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE) { /* the floating point pixels were losselessly compressed with GZIP */ /* Just have to copy the values to the output array */ if (tiledatatype == TINT) { fffr4r4((float *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, fnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (float *) buffer, status); } else { fffr8r4((double *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, fnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (float *) buffer, status); } } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->quantize_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1 || (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2) { /* use the new dithering algorithm (introduced in July 2009) */ if (tiledatatype == TINT) unquantize_i4r4(nrow + (infptr->Fptr)->dither_seed - 1, idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_method, nullcheck, tnull, fnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (float *) buffer, status); else if (tiledatatype == TSHORT) unquantize_i2r4(nrow + (infptr->Fptr)->dither_seed - 1, (short *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_method, nullcheck, (short) tnull, fnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (float *) buffer, status); else if (tiledatatype == TBYTE) unquantize_i1r4(nrow + (infptr->Fptr)->dither_seed - 1, (unsigned char *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_method, nullcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, fnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (float *) buffer, status); } else { /* use the old "round to nearest level" quantization algorithm */ if (tiledatatype == TINT) if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == PLIO_1 && actual_bzero == 32768.) { /* special case where unsigned 16-bit integers have been */ /* offset by +32768 when using PLIO */ fffi4r4(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero - 32768., nullcheck, tnull, fnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (float *) buffer, status); } else { fffi4r4(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, tnull, fnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (float *) buffer, status); } else if (tiledatatype == TSHORT) fffi2r4((short *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (short) tnull, fnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (float *) buffer, status); else if (tiledatatype == TBYTE) fffi1r4((unsigned char *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, fnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (float *) buffer, status); } } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { pixlen = sizeof(double); if (nulval) { dnulval = *(double *) nulval; } if ((infptr->Fptr)->quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE) { /* the floating point pixels were losselessly compressed with GZIP */ /* Just have to copy the values to the output array */ if (tiledatatype == TINT) { fffr4r8((float *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, dnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (double *) buffer, status); } else { fffr8r8((double *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, dnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (double *) buffer, status); } } else if ((infptr->Fptr)->quantize_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1 || (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2) { /* use the new dithering algorithm (introduced in July 2009) */ if (tiledatatype == TINT) unquantize_i4r8(nrow + (infptr->Fptr)->dither_seed - 1, idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_method, nullcheck, tnull, dnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (double *) buffer, status); else if (tiledatatype == TSHORT) unquantize_i2r8(nrow + (infptr->Fptr)->dither_seed - 1, (short *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_method, nullcheck, (short) tnull, dnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (double *) buffer, status); else if (tiledatatype == TBYTE) unquantize_i1r8(nrow + (infptr->Fptr)->dither_seed - 1, (unsigned char *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, (infptr->Fptr)->quantize_method, nullcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, dnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (double *) buffer, status); } else { /* use the old "round to nearest level" quantization algorithm */ if (tiledatatype == TINT) { if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == PLIO_1 && actual_bzero == 32768.) { /* special case where unsigned 16-bit integers have been */ /* offset by +32768 when using PLIO */ fffi4r8(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero - 32768., nullcheck, tnull, dnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (double *) buffer, status); } else { fffi4r8(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, tnull, dnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (double *) buffer, status); } } else if (tiledatatype == TSHORT) { fffi2r8((short *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (short) tnull, dnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (double *) buffer, status); } else if (tiledatatype == TBYTE) fffi1r8((unsigned char *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, dnulval, bnullarray, anynul, (double *) buffer, status); } } else if (datatype == TBYTE) { pixlen = sizeof(char); if (tiledatatype == TINT) fffi4i1(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, tnull, *(unsigned char *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned char *) buffer, status); else if (tiledatatype == TSHORT) fffi2i1((short *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (short) tnull, *(unsigned char *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned char *) buffer, status); else if (tiledatatype == TBYTE) fffi1i1((unsigned char *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, *(unsigned char *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned char *) buffer, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { pixlen = sizeof(char); if (tiledatatype == TINT) fffi4s1(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, tnull, *(signed char *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (signed char *) buffer, status); else if (tiledatatype == TSHORT) fffi2s1((short *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (short) tnull, *(signed char *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (signed char *) buffer, status); else if (tiledatatype == TBYTE) fffi1s1((unsigned char *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, *(signed char *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (signed char *) buffer, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { pixlen = sizeof(short); if ((infptr->Fptr)->quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE) { /* the floating point pixels were losselessly compressed with GZIP */ /* Just have to copy the values to the output array */ if (tiledatatype == TINT) { fffr4u2((float *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, *(unsigned short *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned short *) buffer, status); } else { fffr8u2((double *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, *(unsigned short *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned short *) buffer, status); } } else if (tiledatatype == TINT) if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == PLIO_1 && actual_bzero == 32768.) { /* special case where unsigned 16-bit integers have been */ /* offset by +32768 when using PLIO */ fffi4u2(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero - 32768., nullcheck, tnull, *(unsigned short *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned short *) buffer, status); } else { fffi4u2(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, tnull, *(unsigned short *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned short *) buffer, status); } else if (tiledatatype == TSHORT) fffi2u2((short *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (short) tnull, *(unsigned short *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned short *) buffer, status); else if (tiledatatype == TBYTE) fffi1u2((unsigned char *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, *(unsigned short *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned short *) buffer, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { pixlen = sizeof(int); if ((infptr->Fptr)->quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE) { /* the floating point pixels were losselessly compressed with GZIP */ /* Just have to copy the values to the output array */ if (tiledatatype == TINT) { fffr4uint((float *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, *(unsigned int *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned int *) buffer, status); } else { fffr8uint((double *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, *(unsigned int *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned int *) buffer, status); } } else if (tiledatatype == TINT) if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == PLIO_1 && actual_bzero == 32768.) { /* special case where unsigned 16-bit integers have been */ /* offset by +32768 when using PLIO */ fffi4uint(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero - 32768., nullcheck, tnull, *(unsigned int *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned int *) buffer, status); } else { fffi4uint(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, tnull, *(unsigned int *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned int *) buffer, status); } else if (tiledatatype == TSHORT) fffi2uint((short *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (short) tnull, *(unsigned int *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned int *) buffer, status); else if (tiledatatype == TBYTE) fffi1uint((unsigned char *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, *(unsigned int *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned int *) buffer, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { pixlen = sizeof(long); if ((infptr->Fptr)->quantize_level == NO_QUANTIZE) { /* the floating point pixels were losselessly compressed with GZIP */ /* Just have to copy the values to the output array */ if (tiledatatype == TINT) { fffr4u4((float *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, *(unsigned long *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned long *) buffer, status); } else { fffr8u4((double *) idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, *(unsigned long *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned long *) buffer, status); } } else if (tiledatatype == TINT) if ((infptr->Fptr)->compress_type == PLIO_1 && actual_bzero == 32768.) { /* special case where unsigned 16-bit integers have been */ /* offset by +32768 when using PLIO */ fffi4u4(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero - 32768., nullcheck, tnull, *(unsigned long *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned long *) buffer, status); } else { fffi4u4(idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, tnull, *(unsigned long *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned long *) buffer, status); } else if (tiledatatype == TSHORT) fffi2u4((short *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (short) tnull, *(unsigned long *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned long *) buffer, status); else if (tiledatatype == TBYTE) fffi1u4((unsigned char *)idata, tilelen, bscale, bzero, nullcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, *(unsigned long *) nulval, bnullarray, anynul, (unsigned long *) buffer, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; free(idata); /* don't need the uncompressed tile any more */ /* **************************************************************** */ /* cache the tile, in case the application wants it again */ /* Don't cache the tile if tile is a single row of the image; it is less likely that the cache will be used in this cases, so it is not worth the time and the memory overheads. */ if ((infptr->Fptr)->tilerow) { /* make sure cache has been allocated */ if ((infptr->Fptr)->znaxis[0] != (infptr->Fptr)->tilesize[0] || (infptr->Fptr)->tilesize[1] != 1 ) { tilesize = pixlen * tilelen; /* check that tile size/type has not changed */ if (tilesize != (infptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize[tilecol] || datatype != (infptr->Fptr)->tiletype[tilecol] ) { if (((infptr->Fptr)->tiledata)[tilecol]) { free(((infptr->Fptr)->tiledata)[tilecol]); } if (((infptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray)[tilecol]) { free(((infptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray)[tilecol]); } ((infptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray)[tilecol] = 0; ((infptr->Fptr)->tilerow)[tilecol] = 0; ((infptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize)[tilecol] = 0; ((infptr->Fptr)->tiletype)[tilecol] = 0; /* allocate new array(s) */ ((infptr->Fptr)->tiledata)[tilecol] = malloc(tilesize); if (((infptr->Fptr)->tiledata)[tilecol] == 0) return (*status); if (nullcheck == 2) { /* also need array of null pixel flags */ (infptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray[tilecol] = malloc(tilelen); if ((infptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray[tilecol] == 0) return (*status); } (infptr->Fptr)->tiledatasize[tilecol] = tilesize; (infptr->Fptr)->tiletype[tilecol] = datatype; } /* copy the tile array(s) into cache buffer */ memcpy((infptr->Fptr)->tiledata[tilecol], buffer, tilesize); if (nullcheck == 2) { if ((infptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray == 0) { (infptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray[tilecol] = malloc(tilelen); } memcpy((infptr->Fptr)->tilenullarray[tilecol], bnullarray, tilelen); } (infptr->Fptr)->tilerow[tilecol] = nrow; (infptr->Fptr)->tileanynull[tilecol] = *anynul; } } return (*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_test_overlap ( int ndim, /* I - number of dimension in the tile and image */ long *tfpixel, /* I - first pixel number in each dim. of the tile */ long *tlpixel, /* I - last pixel number in each dim. of the tile */ long *fpixel, /* I - first pixel number in each dim. of the image */ long *lpixel, /* I - last pixel number in each dim. of the image */ long *ininc, /* I - increment to be applied in each image dimen. */ int *status) /* test if there are any intersecting pixels between this tile and the section of the image defined by fixel, lpixel, ininc. */ { long imgdim[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* product of preceding dimensions in the */ /* output image, allowing for inc factor */ long tiledim[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* product of preceding dimensions in the */ /* tile, array; inc factor is not relevant */ long imgfpix[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* 1st img pix overlapping tile: 0 base, */ /* allowing for inc factor */ long imglpix[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* last img pix overlapping tile 0 base, */ /* allowing for inc factor */ long tilefpix[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* 1st tile pix overlapping img 0 base, */ /* allowing for inc factor */ long inc[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* local copy of input ininc */ int ii; long tf, tl; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */ /* calc amount of overlap in each dimension; if there is zero */ /* overlap in any dimension then just return */ /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */ for (ii = 0; ii < ndim; ii++) { if (tlpixel[ii] < fpixel[ii] || tfpixel[ii] > lpixel[ii]) return(0); /* there are no overlapping pixels */ inc[ii] = ininc[ii]; /* calc dimensions of the output image section */ imgdim[ii] = (lpixel[ii] - fpixel[ii]) / labs(inc[ii]) + 1; if (imgdim[ii] < 1) { *status = NEG_AXIS; return(0); } /* calc dimensions of the tile */ tiledim[ii] = tlpixel[ii] - tfpixel[ii] + 1; if (tiledim[ii] < 1) { *status = NEG_AXIS; return(0); } if (ii > 0) tiledim[ii] *= tiledim[ii - 1]; /* product of dimensions */ /* first and last pixels in image that overlap with the tile, 0 base */ tf = tfpixel[ii] - 1; tl = tlpixel[ii] - 1; /* skip this plane if it falls in the cracks of the subsampled image */ while ((tf-(fpixel[ii] - 1)) % labs(inc[ii])) { tf++; if (tf > tl) return(0); /* no overlapping pixels */ } while ((tl-(fpixel[ii] - 1)) % labs(inc[ii])) { tl--; if (tf > tl) return(0); /* no overlapping pixels */ } imgfpix[ii] = maxvalue((tf - fpixel[ii] +1) / labs(inc[ii]) , 0); imglpix[ii] = minvalue((tl - fpixel[ii] +1) / labs(inc[ii]) , imgdim[ii] - 1); /* first pixel in the tile that overlaps with the image (0 base) */ tilefpix[ii] = maxvalue(fpixel[ii] - tfpixel[ii], 0); while ((tfpixel[ii] + tilefpix[ii] - fpixel[ii]) % labs(inc[ii])) { (tilefpix[ii])++; if (tilefpix[ii] >= tiledim[ii]) return(0); /* no overlapping pixels */ } if (ii > 0) imgdim[ii] *= imgdim[ii - 1]; /* product of dimensions */ } return(1); /* there appears to be intersecting pixels */ } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_copy_overlap ( char *tile, /* I - multi dimensional array of tile pixels */ int pixlen, /* I - number of bytes in each tile or image pixel */ int ndim, /* I - number of dimension in the tile and image */ long *tfpixel, /* I - first pixel number in each dim. of the tile */ long *tlpixel, /* I - last pixel number in each dim. of the tile */ char *bnullarray, /* I - array of null flags; used if nullcheck = 2 */ char *image, /* O - multi dimensional output image */ long *fpixel, /* I - first pixel number in each dim. of the image */ long *lpixel, /* I - last pixel number in each dim. of the image */ long *ininc, /* I - increment to be applied in each image dimen. */ int nullcheck, /* I - 0, 1: do nothing; 2: set nullarray for nulls */ char *nullarray, int *status) /* copy the intersecting pixels from a decompressed tile to the output image. Both the tile and the image must have the same number of dimensions. */ { long imgdim[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* product of preceding dimensions in the */ /* output image, allowing for inc factor */ long tiledim[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* product of preceding dimensions in the */ /* tile, array; inc factor is not relevant */ long imgfpix[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* 1st img pix overlapping tile: 0 base, */ /* allowing for inc factor */ long imglpix[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* last img pix overlapping tile 0 base, */ /* allowing for inc factor */ long tilefpix[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* 1st tile pix overlapping img 0 base, */ /* allowing for inc factor */ long inc[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* local copy of input ininc */ long i1, i2, i3, i4; /* offset along each axis of the image */ long it1, it2, it3, it4; long im1, im2, im3, im4; /* offset to image pixel, allowing for inc */ long ipos, tf, tl; long t2, t3, t4; /* offset along each axis of the tile */ long tilepix, imgpix, tilepixbyte, imgpixbyte; int ii, overlap_bytes, overlap_flags; if (*status > 0) return(*status); for (ii = 0; ii < MAX_COMPRESS_DIM; ii++) { /* set default values for higher dimensions */ inc[ii] = 1; imgdim[ii] = 1; tiledim[ii] = 1; imgfpix[ii] = 0; imglpix[ii] = 0; tilefpix[ii] = 0; } /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */ /* calc amount of overlap in each dimension; if there is zero */ /* overlap in any dimension then just return */ /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */ for (ii = 0; ii < ndim; ii++) { if (tlpixel[ii] < fpixel[ii] || tfpixel[ii] > lpixel[ii]) return(*status); /* there are no overlapping pixels */ inc[ii] = ininc[ii]; /* calc dimensions of the output image section */ imgdim[ii] = (lpixel[ii] - fpixel[ii]) / labs(inc[ii]) + 1; if (imgdim[ii] < 1) return(*status = NEG_AXIS); /* calc dimensions of the tile */ tiledim[ii] = tlpixel[ii] - tfpixel[ii] + 1; if (tiledim[ii] < 1) return(*status = NEG_AXIS); if (ii > 0) tiledim[ii] *= tiledim[ii - 1]; /* product of dimensions */ /* first and last pixels in image that overlap with the tile, 0 base */ tf = tfpixel[ii] - 1; tl = tlpixel[ii] - 1; /* skip this plane if it falls in the cracks of the subsampled image */ while ((tf-(fpixel[ii] - 1)) % labs(inc[ii])) { tf++; if (tf > tl) return(*status); /* no overlapping pixels */ } while ((tl-(fpixel[ii] - 1)) % labs(inc[ii])) { tl--; if (tf > tl) return(*status); /* no overlapping pixels */ } imgfpix[ii] = maxvalue((tf - fpixel[ii] +1) / labs(inc[ii]) , 0); imglpix[ii] = minvalue((tl - fpixel[ii] +1) / labs(inc[ii]) , imgdim[ii] - 1); /* first pixel in the tile that overlaps with the image (0 base) */ tilefpix[ii] = maxvalue(fpixel[ii] - tfpixel[ii], 0); while ((tfpixel[ii] + tilefpix[ii] - fpixel[ii]) % labs(inc[ii])) { (tilefpix[ii])++; if (tilefpix[ii] >= tiledim[ii]) return(*status); /* no overlapping pixels */ } /* printf("ii tfpixel, tlpixel %d %d %d \n",ii, tfpixel[ii], tlpixel[ii]); printf("ii, tf, tl, imgfpix,imglpix, tilefpix %d %d %d %d %d %d\n",ii, tf,tl,imgfpix[ii], imglpix[ii],tilefpix[ii]); */ if (ii > 0) imgdim[ii] *= imgdim[ii - 1]; /* product of dimensions */ } /* ---------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* calc number of pixels in each row (first dimension) that overlap */ /* multiply by pixlen to get number of bytes to copy in each loop */ /* ---------------------------------------------------------------- */ if (inc[0] != 1) overlap_flags = 1; /* can only copy 1 pixel at a time */ else overlap_flags = imglpix[0] - imgfpix[0] + 1; /* can copy whole row */ overlap_bytes = overlap_flags * pixlen; /* support up to 5 dimensions for now */ for (i4 = 0, it4=0; i4 <= imglpix[4] - imgfpix[4]; i4++, it4++) { /* increment plane if it falls in the cracks of the subsampled image */ while (ndim > 4 && (tfpixel[4] + tilefpix[4] - fpixel[4] + it4) % labs(inc[4]) != 0) it4++; /* offset to start of hypercube */ if (inc[4] > 0) im4 = (i4 + imgfpix[4]) * imgdim[3]; else im4 = imgdim[4] - (i4 + 1 + imgfpix[4]) * imgdim[3]; t4 = (tilefpix[4] + it4) * tiledim[3]; for (i3 = 0, it3=0; i3 <= imglpix[3] - imgfpix[3]; i3++, it3++) { /* increment plane if it falls in the cracks of the subsampled image */ while (ndim > 3 && (tfpixel[3] + tilefpix[3] - fpixel[3] + it3) % labs(inc[3]) != 0) it3++; /* offset to start of cube */ if (inc[3] > 0) im3 = (i3 + imgfpix[3]) * imgdim[2] + im4; else im3 = imgdim[3] - (i3 + 1 + imgfpix[3]) * imgdim[2] + im4; t3 = (tilefpix[3] + it3) * tiledim[2] + t4; /* loop through planes of the image */ for (i2 = 0, it2=0; i2 <= imglpix[2] - imgfpix[2]; i2++, it2++) { /* incre plane if it falls in the cracks of the subsampled image */ while (ndim > 2 && (tfpixel[2] + tilefpix[2] - fpixel[2] + it2) % labs(inc[2]) != 0) it2++; /* offset to start of plane */ if (inc[2] > 0) im2 = (i2 + imgfpix[2]) * imgdim[1] + im3; else im2 = imgdim[2] - (i2 + 1 + imgfpix[2]) * imgdim[1] + im3; t2 = (tilefpix[2] + it2) * tiledim[1] + t3; /* loop through rows of the image */ for (i1 = 0, it1=0; i1 <= imglpix[1] - imgfpix[1]; i1++, it1++) { /* incre row if it falls in the cracks of the subsampled image */ while (ndim > 1 && (tfpixel[1] + tilefpix[1] - fpixel[1] + it1) % labs(inc[1]) != 0) it1++; /* calc position of first pixel in tile to be copied */ tilepix = tilefpix[0] + (tilefpix[1] + it1) * tiledim[0] + t2; /* offset to start of row */ if (inc[1] > 0) im1 = (i1 + imgfpix[1]) * imgdim[0] + im2; else im1 = imgdim[1] - (i1 + 1 + imgfpix[1]) * imgdim[0] + im2; /* printf("inc = %d %d %d %d\n",inc[0],inc[1],inc[2],inc[3]); printf("im1,im2,im3,im4 = %d %d %d %d\n",im1,im2,im3,im4); */ /* offset to byte within the row */ if (inc[0] > 0) imgpix = imgfpix[0] + im1; else imgpix = imgdim[0] - 1 - imgfpix[0] + im1; /* printf("tilefpix0,1, imgfpix1, it1, inc1, t2= %d %d %d %d %d %d\n", tilefpix[0],tilefpix[1],imgfpix[1],it1,inc[1], t2); printf("i1, it1, tilepix, imgpix %d %d %d %d \n", i1, it1, tilepix, imgpix); */ /* loop over pixels along one row of the image */ for (ipos = imgfpix[0]; ipos <= imglpix[0]; ipos += overlap_flags) { if (nullcheck == 2) { /* copy overlapping null flags from tile to image */ memcpy(nullarray + imgpix, bnullarray + tilepix, overlap_flags); } /* convert from image pixel to byte offset */ tilepixbyte = tilepix * pixlen; imgpixbyte = imgpix * pixlen; /* printf(" tilepix, tilepixbyte, imgpix, imgpixbyte= %d %d %d %d\n", tilepix, tilepixbyte, imgpix, imgpixbyte); */ /* copy overlapping row of pixels from tile to image */ memcpy(image + imgpixbyte, tile + tilepixbyte, overlap_bytes); tilepix += (overlap_flags * labs(inc[0])); if (inc[0] > 0) imgpix += overlap_flags; else imgpix -= overlap_flags; } } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int imcomp_merge_overlap ( char *tile, /* O - multi dimensional array of tile pixels */ int pixlen, /* I - number of bytes in each tile or image pixel */ int ndim, /* I - number of dimension in the tile and image */ long *tfpixel, /* I - first pixel number in each dim. of the tile */ long *tlpixel, /* I - last pixel number in each dim. of the tile */ char *bnullarray, /* I - array of null flags; used if nullcheck = 2 */ char *image, /* I - multi dimensional output image */ long *fpixel, /* I - first pixel number in each dim. of the image */ long *lpixel, /* I - last pixel number in each dim. of the image */ int nullcheck, /* I - 0, 1: do nothing; 2: set nullarray for nulls */ int *status) /* Similar to imcomp_copy_overlap, except it copies the overlapping pixels from the 'image' to the 'tile'. */ { long imgdim[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* product of preceding dimensions in the */ /* output image, allowing for inc factor */ long tiledim[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* product of preceding dimensions in the */ /* tile, array; inc factor is not relevant */ long imgfpix[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* 1st img pix overlapping tile: 0 base, */ /* allowing for inc factor */ long imglpix[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* last img pix overlapping tile 0 base, */ /* allowing for inc factor */ long tilefpix[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* 1st tile pix overlapping img 0 base, */ /* allowing for inc factor */ long inc[MAX_COMPRESS_DIM]; /* local copy of input ininc */ long i1, i2, i3, i4; /* offset along each axis of the image */ long it1, it2, it3, it4; long im1, im2, im3, im4; /* offset to image pixel, allowing for inc */ long ipos, tf, tl; long t2, t3, t4; /* offset along each axis of the tile */ long tilepix, imgpix, tilepixbyte, imgpixbyte; int ii, overlap_bytes, overlap_flags; if (*status > 0) return(*status); for (ii = 0; ii < MAX_COMPRESS_DIM; ii++) { /* set default values for higher dimensions */ inc[ii] = 1; imgdim[ii] = 1; tiledim[ii] = 1; imgfpix[ii] = 0; imglpix[ii] = 0; tilefpix[ii] = 0; } /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */ /* calc amount of overlap in each dimension; if there is zero */ /* overlap in any dimension then just return */ /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */ for (ii = 0; ii < ndim; ii++) { if (tlpixel[ii] < fpixel[ii] || tfpixel[ii] > lpixel[ii]) return(*status); /* there are no overlapping pixels */ /* calc dimensions of the output image section */ imgdim[ii] = (lpixel[ii] - fpixel[ii]) / labs(inc[ii]) + 1; if (imgdim[ii] < 1) return(*status = NEG_AXIS); /* calc dimensions of the tile */ tiledim[ii] = tlpixel[ii] - tfpixel[ii] + 1; if (tiledim[ii] < 1) return(*status = NEG_AXIS); if (ii > 0) tiledim[ii] *= tiledim[ii - 1]; /* product of dimensions */ /* first and last pixels in image that overlap with the tile, 0 base */ tf = tfpixel[ii] - 1; tl = tlpixel[ii] - 1; /* skip this plane if it falls in the cracks of the subsampled image */ while ((tf-(fpixel[ii] - 1)) % labs(inc[ii])) { tf++; if (tf > tl) return(*status); /* no overlapping pixels */ } while ((tl-(fpixel[ii] - 1)) % labs(inc[ii])) { tl--; if (tf > tl) return(*status); /* no overlapping pixels */ } imgfpix[ii] = maxvalue((tf - fpixel[ii] +1) / labs(inc[ii]) , 0); imglpix[ii] = minvalue((tl - fpixel[ii] +1) / labs(inc[ii]) , imgdim[ii] - 1); /* first pixel in the tile that overlaps with the image (0 base) */ tilefpix[ii] = maxvalue(fpixel[ii] - tfpixel[ii], 0); while ((tfpixel[ii] + tilefpix[ii] - fpixel[ii]) % labs(inc[ii])) { (tilefpix[ii])++; if (tilefpix[ii] >= tiledim[ii]) return(*status); /* no overlapping pixels */ } /* printf("ii tfpixel, tlpixel %d %d %d \n",ii, tfpixel[ii], tlpixel[ii]); printf("ii, tf, tl, imgfpix,imglpix, tilefpix %d %d %d %d %d %d\n",ii, tf,tl,imgfpix[ii], imglpix[ii],tilefpix[ii]); */ if (ii > 0) imgdim[ii] *= imgdim[ii - 1]; /* product of dimensions */ } /* ---------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* calc number of pixels in each row (first dimension) that overlap */ /* multiply by pixlen to get number of bytes to copy in each loop */ /* ---------------------------------------------------------------- */ if (inc[0] != 1) overlap_flags = 1; /* can only copy 1 pixel at a time */ else overlap_flags = imglpix[0] - imgfpix[0] + 1; /* can copy whole row */ overlap_bytes = overlap_flags * pixlen; /* support up to 5 dimensions for now */ for (i4 = 0, it4=0; i4 <= imglpix[4] - imgfpix[4]; i4++, it4++) { /* increment plane if it falls in the cracks of the subsampled image */ while (ndim > 4 && (tfpixel[4] + tilefpix[4] - fpixel[4] + it4) % labs(inc[4]) != 0) it4++; /* offset to start of hypercube */ if (inc[4] > 0) im4 = (i4 + imgfpix[4]) * imgdim[3]; else im4 = imgdim[4] - (i4 + 1 + imgfpix[4]) * imgdim[3]; t4 = (tilefpix[4] + it4) * tiledim[3]; for (i3 = 0, it3=0; i3 <= imglpix[3] - imgfpix[3]; i3++, it3++) { /* increment plane if it falls in the cracks of the subsampled image */ while (ndim > 3 && (tfpixel[3] + tilefpix[3] - fpixel[3] + it3) % labs(inc[3]) != 0) it3++; /* offset to start of cube */ if (inc[3] > 0) im3 = (i3 + imgfpix[3]) * imgdim[2] + im4; else im3 = imgdim[3] - (i3 + 1 + imgfpix[3]) * imgdim[2] + im4; t3 = (tilefpix[3] + it3) * tiledim[2] + t4; /* loop through planes of the image */ for (i2 = 0, it2=0; i2 <= imglpix[2] - imgfpix[2]; i2++, it2++) { /* incre plane if it falls in the cracks of the subsampled image */ while (ndim > 2 && (tfpixel[2] + tilefpix[2] - fpixel[2] + it2) % labs(inc[2]) != 0) it2++; /* offset to start of plane */ if (inc[2] > 0) im2 = (i2 + imgfpix[2]) * imgdim[1] + im3; else im2 = imgdim[2] - (i2 + 1 + imgfpix[2]) * imgdim[1] + im3; t2 = (tilefpix[2] + it2) * tiledim[1] + t3; /* loop through rows of the image */ for (i1 = 0, it1=0; i1 <= imglpix[1] - imgfpix[1]; i1++, it1++) { /* incre row if it falls in the cracks of the subsampled image */ while (ndim > 1 && (tfpixel[1] + tilefpix[1] - fpixel[1] + it1) % labs(inc[1]) != 0) it1++; /* calc position of first pixel in tile to be copied */ tilepix = tilefpix[0] + (tilefpix[1] + it1) * tiledim[0] + t2; /* offset to start of row */ if (inc[1] > 0) im1 = (i1 + imgfpix[1]) * imgdim[0] + im2; else im1 = imgdim[1] - (i1 + 1 + imgfpix[1]) * imgdim[0] + im2; /* printf("inc = %d %d %d %d\n",inc[0],inc[1],inc[2],inc[3]); printf("im1,im2,im3,im4 = %d %d %d %d\n",im1,im2,im3,im4); */ /* offset to byte within the row */ if (inc[0] > 0) imgpix = imgfpix[0] + im1; else imgpix = imgdim[0] - 1 - imgfpix[0] + im1; /* printf("tilefpix0,1, imgfpix1, it1, inc1, t2= %d %d %d %d %d %d\n", tilefpix[0],tilefpix[1],imgfpix[1],it1,inc[1], t2); printf("i1, it1, tilepix, imgpix %d %d %d %d \n", i1, it1, tilepix, imgpix); */ /* loop over pixels along one row of the image */ for (ipos = imgfpix[0]; ipos <= imglpix[0]; ipos += overlap_flags) { /* convert from image pixel to byte offset */ tilepixbyte = tilepix * pixlen; imgpixbyte = imgpix * pixlen; /* printf(" tilepix, tilepixbyte, imgpix, imgpixbyte= %d %d %d %d\n", tilepix, tilepixbyte, imgpix, imgpixbyte); */ /* copy overlapping row of pixels from image to tile */ memcpy(tile + tilepixbyte, image + imgpixbyte, overlap_bytes); tilepix += (overlap_flags * labs(inc[0])); if (inc[0] > 0) imgpix += overlap_flags; else imgpix -= overlap_flags; } } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int unquantize_i1r4(long row, /* tile number = row number in table */ unsigned char *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int dither_method, /* I - dithering method to use */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ unsigned char tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ float nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ float *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Unquantize byte values into the scaled floating point values */ { long ii; int nextrand, iseed; if (!fits_rand_value) if (fits_init_randoms()) return(MEMORY_ALLOCATION); /* initialize the index to the next random number in the list */ iseed = (int) ((row - 1) % N_RANDOM); nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { /* if (dither_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 && input[ii] == ZERO_VALUE) output[ii] = 0.0; else */ output[ii] = (float) (((double) input[ii] - fits_rand_value[nextrand] + 0.5) * scale + zero); nextrand++; if (nextrand == N_RANDOM) { iseed++; if (iseed == N_RANDOM) iseed = 0; nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); } } } else /* must check for null values */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { /* if (dither_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 && input[ii] == ZERO_VALUE) output[ii] = 0.0; else */ output[ii] = (float) (((double) input[ii] - fits_rand_value[nextrand] + 0.5) * scale + zero); } nextrand++; if (nextrand == N_RANDOM) { iseed++; if (iseed == N_RANDOM) iseed = 0; nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int unquantize_i2r4(long row, /* seed for random values */ short *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int dither_method, /* I - dithering method to use */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ short tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ float nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ float *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Unquantize short integer values into the scaled floating point values */ { long ii; int nextrand, iseed; if (!fits_rand_value) if (fits_init_randoms()) return(MEMORY_ALLOCATION); /* initialize the index to the next random number in the list */ iseed = (int) ((row - 1) % N_RANDOM); nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { /* if (dither_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 && input[ii] == ZERO_VALUE) output[ii] = 0.0; else */ output[ii] = (float) (((double) input[ii] - fits_rand_value[nextrand] + 0.5) * scale + zero); nextrand++; if (nextrand == N_RANDOM) { iseed++; if (iseed == N_RANDOM) iseed = 0; nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); } } } else /* must check for null values */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { /* if (dither_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 && input[ii] == ZERO_VALUE) output[ii] = 0.0; else */ output[ii] = (float) (((double) input[ii] - fits_rand_value[nextrand] + 0.5) * scale + zero); } nextrand++; if (nextrand == N_RANDOM) { iseed++; if (iseed == N_RANDOM) iseed = 0; nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int unquantize_i4r4(long row, /* tile number = row number in table */ INT32BIT *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int dither_method, /* I - dithering method to use */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ INT32BIT tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ float nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ float *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Unquantize int integer values into the scaled floating point values */ { long ii; int nextrand, iseed; if (fits_rand_value == 0) if (fits_init_randoms()) return(MEMORY_ALLOCATION); /* initialize the index to the next random number in the list */ iseed = (int) ((row - 1) % N_RANDOM); nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (dither_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 && input[ii] == ZERO_VALUE) output[ii] = 0.0; else output[ii] = (float) (((double) input[ii] - fits_rand_value[nextrand] + 0.5) * scale + zero); nextrand++; if (nextrand == N_RANDOM) { iseed++; if (iseed == N_RANDOM) iseed = 0; nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); } } } else /* must check for null values */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { if (dither_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 && input[ii] == ZERO_VALUE) output[ii] = 0.0; else output[ii] = (float) (((double) input[ii] - fits_rand_value[nextrand] + 0.5) * scale + zero); } nextrand++; if (nextrand == N_RANDOM) { iseed++; if (iseed == N_RANDOM) iseed = 0; nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int unquantize_i1r8(long row, /* tile number = row number in table */ unsigned char *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int dither_method, /* I - dithering method to use */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ unsigned char tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ double nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ double *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Unquantize byte values into the scaled floating point values */ { long ii; int nextrand, iseed; if (!fits_rand_value) if (fits_init_randoms()) return(MEMORY_ALLOCATION); /* initialize the index to the next random number in the list */ iseed = (int) ((row - 1) % N_RANDOM); nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { /* if (dither_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 && input[ii] == ZERO_VALUE) output[ii] = 0.0; else */ output[ii] = (double) (((double) input[ii] - fits_rand_value[nextrand] + 0.5) * scale + zero); nextrand++; if (nextrand == N_RANDOM) { iseed++; if (iseed == N_RANDOM) iseed = 0; nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); } } } else /* must check for null values */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { /* if (dither_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 && input[ii] == ZERO_VALUE) output[ii] = 0.0; else */ output[ii] = (double) (((double) input[ii] - fits_rand_value[nextrand] + 0.5) * scale + zero); } nextrand++; if (nextrand == N_RANDOM) { iseed++; if (iseed == N_RANDOM) iseed = 0; nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int unquantize_i2r8(long row, /* tile number = row number in table */ short *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int dither_method, /* I - dithering method to use */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ short tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ double nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ double *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Unquantize short integer values into the scaled floating point values */ { long ii; int nextrand, iseed; if (!fits_rand_value) if (fits_init_randoms()) return(MEMORY_ALLOCATION); /* initialize the index to the next random number in the list */ iseed = (int) ((row - 1) % N_RANDOM); nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { /* if (dither_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 && input[ii] == ZERO_VALUE) output[ii] = 0.0; else */ output[ii] = (double) (((double) input[ii] - fits_rand_value[nextrand] + 0.5) * scale + zero); nextrand++; if (nextrand == N_RANDOM) { iseed++; if (iseed == N_RANDOM) iseed = 0; nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); } } } else /* must check for null values */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { /* if (dither_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 && input[ii] == ZERO_VALUE) output[ii] = 0.0; else */ output[ii] = (double) (((double) input[ii] - fits_rand_value[nextrand] + 0.5) * scale + zero); } nextrand++; if (nextrand == N_RANDOM) { iseed++; if (iseed == N_RANDOM) iseed = 0; nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int unquantize_i4r8(long row, /* tile number = row number in table */ INT32BIT *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int dither_method, /* I - dithering method to use */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ INT32BIT tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ double nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ double *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Unquantize int integer values into the scaled floating point values */ { long ii; int nextrand, iseed; if (fits_rand_value == 0) if (fits_init_randoms()) return(MEMORY_ALLOCATION); /* initialize the index to the next random number in the list */ iseed = (int) ((row - 1) % N_RANDOM); nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (dither_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 && input[ii] == ZERO_VALUE) output[ii] = 0.0; else output[ii] = (double) (((double) input[ii] - fits_rand_value[nextrand] + 0.5) * scale + zero); nextrand++; if (nextrand == N_RANDOM) { iseed++; if (iseed == N_RANDOM) iseed = 0; nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); } } } else /* must check for null values */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { if (dither_method == SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 && input[ii] == ZERO_VALUE) output[ii] = 0.0; else output[ii] = (double) (((double) input[ii] - fits_rand_value[nextrand] + 0.5) * scale + zero); } nextrand++; if (nextrand == N_RANDOM) { iseed++; if (iseed == N_RANDOM) iseed = 0; nextrand = (int) (fits_rand_value[iseed] * 500); } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int imcomp_float2nan(float *indata, long tilelen, int *outdata, float nullflagval, int *status) /* convert pixels that are equal to nullflag to NaNs. Note that indata and outdata point to the same location. */ { int ii; for (ii = 0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { if (indata[ii] == nullflagval) outdata[ii] = -1; /* integer -1 has the same bit pattern as a real*4 NaN */ } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int imcomp_double2nan(double *indata, long tilelen, LONGLONG *outdata, double nullflagval, int *status) /* convert pixels that are equal to nullflag to NaNs. Note that indata and outdata point to the same location. */ { int ii; for (ii = 0; ii < tilelen; ii++) { if (indata[ii] == nullflagval) outdata[ii] = -1; /* integer -1 has the same bit pattern as a real*8 NaN */ } return(*status); } /* ======================================================================= */ /* TABLE COMPRESSION ROUTINES */ /* =-====================================================================== */ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_compress_table(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status) /* Compress the input FITS Binary Table. First divide the table into equal sized chunks (analogous to image tiles) where all the contain the same number of rows (except perhaps for the last chunk which may contain fewer rows). The chunks should not be too large to copy into memory (currently, about 100 MB max seems a reasonable size). Then, on a chunk by piece basis, do the following: 1. Transpose the table from its original row-major order, into column-major order. All the bytes for each column are then continuous. In addition, the bytes within each table element may be shuffled so that the most significant byte of every element occurs first in the array, followed by the next most significant byte, and so on to the least significant byte. Byte shuffling often improves the gzip compression of floating-point arrays. 2. Compress the contiguous array of bytes in each column using the specified compression method. If no method is specifed, then a default method for that data type is chosen. 3. Store the compressed stream of bytes into a column that has the same name as in the input table, but which has a variable-length array data type (1QB). The output table will contain one row for each piece of the original table. 4. If the input table contain variable-length arrays, then each VLA is compressed individually, and written to the heap in the output table. Note that the output table will contain 2 sets of pointers for each VLA column. The first set contains the pointers to the uncompressed VLAs from the input table and the second is the set of pointers to the compressed VLAs in the output table. The latter set of pointers is used to reconstruct table when it is uncompressed, so that the heap has exactly the same structure as in the original file. The 2 sets of pointers are concatinated together, compressed with gzip, and written to the output table. When reading the compressed table, the only VLA that is directly visible is this compressed array of descriptors. One has to uncompress this array to be able to to read all the descriptors to the individual VLAs in the column. */ { long maxchunksize = 10000000; /* default value for the size of each chunk of the table */ char *cm_buffer; /* memory buffer for the transposed, Column-Major, chunk of the table */ LONGLONG cm_colstart[1000]; /* starting offset of each column in the cm_buffer */ LONGLONG rm_repeat[1000]; /* repeat count of each column in the input row-major table */ LONGLONG rm_colwidth[999]; /* width in bytes of each column in the input row-major table */ LONGLONG cm_repeat[999]; /* total number of elements in each column of the transposed column-major table */ int coltype[999]; /* data type code for each column */ int compalgor[999], default_algor = 0; /* compression algorithm to be applied to each column */ float cratio[999]; /* compression ratio for each column (for diagnostic purposes) */ float compressed_size, uncompressed_size, tot_compressed_size, tot_uncompressed_size; LONGLONG nrows, firstrow; LONGLONG headstart, datastart, dataend, startbyte, jj, kk, naxis1; LONGLONG vlalen, vlamemlen, vlastart, bytepos; long repeat, width, nchunks, rowspertile, lastrows; int ii, ll, ncols, hdutype, ltrue = 1, print_report = 0, tstatus; char *cptr, keyname[9], tform[40], *cdescript; char comm[FLEN_COMMENT], keyvalue[FLEN_VALUE], *cvlamem, tempstring[FLEN_VALUE], card[FLEN_CARD]; LONGLONG *descriptors, *outdescript, *vlamem; int *pdescriptors; size_t dlen, datasize, compmemlen; /* ================================================================================== */ /* perform initial sanity checks */ /* ================================================================================== */ /* special input flag value that means print out diagnostics */ if (*status == -999) { print_report = 1; *status = 0; } if (*status > 0) return(*status); fits_get_hdu_type(infptr, &hdutype, status); if (hdutype != BINARY_TBL) { *status = NOT_BTABLE; return(*status); } if (infptr == outfptr) { ffpmsg("Cannot compress table 'in place' (fits_compress_table)"); ffpmsg(" outfptr cannot be the same as infptr."); *status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR; return(*status); } /* get dimensions of the table */ fits_get_num_rowsll(infptr, &nrows, status); fits_get_num_cols(infptr, &ncols, status); fits_read_key(infptr, TLONGLONG, "NAXIS1", &naxis1, NULL, status); /* get offset to the start of the data and total size of the table (including the heap) */ fits_get_hduaddrll(infptr, &headstart, &datastart, &dataend, status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); tstatus = 0; if (!fits_read_key(infptr, TSTRING, "FZALGOR", tempstring, NULL, &tstatus)) { if (!fits_strcasecmp(tempstring, "NONE")) { default_algor = NOCOMPRESS; } else if (!fits_strcasecmp(tempstring, "GZIP") || !fits_strcasecmp(tempstring, "GZIP_1")) { default_algor = GZIP_1; } else if (!fits_strcasecmp(tempstring, "GZIP_2")) { default_algor = GZIP_2; } else if (!fits_strcasecmp(tempstring, "RICE_1")) { default_algor = RICE_1; } else { ffpmsg("FZALGOR specifies unsupported table compression algorithm:"); ffpmsg(tempstring); *status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR; return(*status); } } /* just copy the HDU verbatim if the table has 0 columns or rows or if the table */ /* is less than 5760 bytes (2 blocks) in size, or compression directive keyword = "NONE" */ if (nrows < 1 || ncols < 1 || (dataend - datastart) < 5760 || default_algor == NOCOMPRESS) { fits_copy_hdu (infptr, outfptr, 0, status); return(*status); } /* Check if the chunk size has been specified with the FZTILELN keyword. */ /* If not, calculate a default number of rows per chunck, */ tstatus = 0; if (fits_read_key(infptr, TLONG, "FZTILELN", &rowspertile, NULL, &tstatus)) { rowspertile = (long) (maxchunksize / naxis1); } if (rowspertile < 1) rowspertile = 1; if (rowspertile > nrows) rowspertile = (long) nrows; nchunks = (long) ((nrows - 1) / rowspertile + 1); /* total number of chunks */ lastrows = (long) (nrows - ((nchunks - 1) * rowspertile)); /* number of rows in last chunk */ /* allocate space for the transposed, column-major chunk of the table */ cm_buffer = calloc((size_t) naxis1, (size_t) rowspertile); if (!cm_buffer) { ffpmsg("Could not allocate cm_buffer for transposed table"); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; return(*status); } /* ================================================================================== */ /* Construct the header of the output compressed table */ /* ================================================================================== */ fits_copy_header(infptr, outfptr, status); /* start with verbatim copy of the input header */ fits_write_key(outfptr, TLOGICAL, "ZTABLE", <rue, "this is a compressed table", status); fits_write_key(outfptr, TLONG, "ZTILELEN", &rowspertile, "number of rows in each tile", status); fits_read_card(outfptr, "NAXIS1", card, status); /* copy NAXIS1 to ZNAXIS1 */ strncpy(card, "ZNAXIS1", 7); fits_write_record(outfptr, card, status); fits_read_card(outfptr, "NAXIS2", card, status); /* copy NAXIS2 to ZNAXIS2 */ strncpy(card, "ZNAXIS2", 7); fits_write_record(outfptr, card, status); fits_read_card(outfptr, "PCOUNT", card, status); /* copy PCOUNT to ZPCOUNT */ strncpy(card, "ZPCOUNT", 7); fits_write_record(outfptr, card, status); fits_modify_key_lng(outfptr, "NAXIS2", nchunks, "&", status); /* 1 row per chunk */ fits_modify_key_lng(outfptr, "NAXIS1", ncols * 16, "&", status); /* 16 bytes for each 1QB column */ fits_modify_key_lng(outfptr, "PCOUNT", 0L, "&", status); /* reset PCOUNT to 0 */ /* rename the Checksum keywords, if they exist */ tstatus = 0; fits_modify_name(outfptr, "CHECKSUM", "ZHECKSUM", &tstatus); tstatus = 0; fits_modify_name(outfptr, "DATASUM", "ZDATASUM", &tstatus); /* ================================================================================== */ /* Now loop over each column of the input table: write the column-specific keywords */ /* and determine which compression algorithm to use. */ /* Also calculate various offsets to the start of the column data in both the */ /* original row-major table and in the transposed column-major form of the table. */ /* ================================================================================== */ cm_colstart[0] = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < ncols; ii++) { /* get the structural parameters of the original uncompressed column */ fits_make_keyn("TFORM", ii+1, keyname, status); fits_read_key(outfptr, TSTRING, keyname, tform, comm, status); fits_binary_tform(tform, coltype+ii, &repeat, &width, status); /* get the repeat count and the width */ /* preserve the original TFORM value and comment string in a ZFORMn keyword */ fits_read_card(outfptr, keyname, card, status); card[0] = 'Z'; fits_write_record(outfptr, card, status); /* All columns in the compressed table will have a variable-length array type. */ fits_modify_key_str(outfptr, keyname, "1QB", "&", status); /* Use 'Q' pointers (64-bit) */ /* deal with special cases: bit, string, and variable length array columns */ if (coltype[ii] == TBIT) { repeat = (repeat + 7) / 8; /* convert from bits to equivalent number of bytes */ } else if (coltype[ii] == TSTRING) { width = 1; /* ignore the optional 'w' in 'rAw' format */ } else if (coltype[ii] < 0) { /* pointer to variable length array */ if (strchr(tform,'Q') ) { width = 16; /* 'Q' descriptor has 64-bit pointers */ } else { width = 8; /* 'P' descriptor has 32-bit pointers */ } repeat = 1; } rm_repeat[ii] = repeat; rm_colwidth[ii] = repeat * width; /* column width (in bytes)in the input table */ /* starting offset of each field in the OUTPUT transposed column-major table */ cm_colstart[ii + 1] = cm_colstart[ii] + rm_colwidth[ii] * rowspertile; /* total number of elements in each column of the transposed column-major table */ cm_repeat[ii] = rm_repeat[ii] * rowspertile; compalgor[ii] = default_algor; /* initialize the column compression algorithm to the default */ /* check if a compression method has been specified for this column */ fits_make_keyn("FZALG", ii+1, keyname, status); tstatus = 0; if (!fits_read_key(outfptr, TSTRING, keyname, tempstring, NULL, &tstatus)) { if (!fits_strcasecmp(tempstring, "GZIP") || !fits_strcasecmp(tempstring, "GZIP_1")) { compalgor[ii] = GZIP_1; } else if (!fits_strcasecmp(tempstring, "GZIP_2")) { compalgor[ii] = GZIP_2; } else if (!fits_strcasecmp(tempstring, "RICE_1")) { compalgor[ii] = RICE_1; } else { ffpmsg("Unsupported table compression algorithm specification."); ffpmsg(keyname); ffpmsg(tempstring); *status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR; free(cm_buffer); return(*status); } } /* do sanity check of the requested algorithm and override if necessary */ if ( abs(coltype[ii]) == TLOGICAL || abs(coltype[ii]) == TBIT || abs(coltype[ii]) == TSTRING) { if (compalgor[ii] != GZIP_1) { compalgor[ii] = GZIP_1; } } else if ( abs(coltype[ii]) == TCOMPLEX || abs(coltype[ii]) == TDBLCOMPLEX || abs(coltype[ii]) == TFLOAT || abs(coltype[ii]) == TDOUBLE || abs(coltype[ii]) == TLONGLONG ) { if (compalgor[ii] != GZIP_1 && compalgor[ii] != GZIP_2) { compalgor[ii] = GZIP_2; /* gzip_2 usually works better gzip_1 */ } } else if ( abs(coltype[ii]) == TSHORT ) { if (compalgor[ii] != GZIP_1 && compalgor[ii] != GZIP_2 && compalgor[ii] != RICE_1) { compalgor[ii] = GZIP_2; /* gzip_2 usually works better rice_1 */ } } else if ( abs(coltype[ii]) == TLONG ) { if (compalgor[ii] != GZIP_1 && compalgor[ii] != GZIP_2 && compalgor[ii] != RICE_1) { compalgor[ii] = RICE_1; } } else if ( abs(coltype[ii]) == TBYTE ) { if (compalgor[ii] != GZIP_1 && compalgor[ii] != RICE_1 ) { compalgor[ii] = GZIP_1; } } } /* end of loop over columns */ /* ================================================================================== */ /* now process each chunk of the table, in turn */ /* ================================================================================== */ tot_uncompressed_size = 0.; tot_compressed_size = 0; firstrow = 1; for (ll = 0; ll < nchunks; ll++) { if (ll == nchunks - 1) { /* the last chunk may have fewer rows */ rowspertile = lastrows; for (ii = 0; ii < ncols; ii++) { cm_colstart[ii + 1] = cm_colstart[ii] + (rm_colwidth[ii] * rowspertile); cm_repeat[ii] = rm_repeat[ii] * rowspertile; } } /* move to the start of the chunk in the input table */ ffmbyt(infptr, datastart, 0, status); /* ================================================================================*/ /* First, transpose this chunck from row-major order to column-major order */ /* At the same time, shuffle the bytes in each datum, if doing GZIP_2 compression */ /* ================================================================================*/ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over rows */ for (ii = 0; ii < ncols; ii++) { /* loop over columns */ if (rm_repeat[ii] > 0) { /* skip virtual columns that have 0 elements */ kk = 0; /* if the GZIP_2 compression algorithm is used, shuffle the bytes */ if (coltype[ii] == TSHORT && compalgor[ii] == GZIP_2) { while(kk < rm_colwidth[ii]) { cptr = cm_buffer + (cm_colstart[ii] + (jj * rm_repeat[ii]) + kk/2); ffgbyt(infptr, 1, cptr, status); /* get 1st byte */ cptr += cm_repeat[ii]; ffgbyt(infptr, 1, cptr, status); /* get 2nd byte */ kk += 2; } } else if ((coltype[ii] == TFLOAT || coltype[ii] == TLONG) && compalgor[ii] == GZIP_2) { while(kk < rm_colwidth[ii]) { cptr = cm_buffer + (cm_colstart[ii] + (jj * rm_repeat[ii]) + kk/4); ffgbyt(infptr, 1, cptr, status); /* get 1st byte */ cptr += cm_repeat[ii]; ffgbyt(infptr, 1, cptr, status); /* get 2nd byte */ cptr += cm_repeat[ii]; ffgbyt(infptr, 1, cptr, status); /* get 3rd byte */ cptr += cm_repeat[ii]; ffgbyt(infptr, 1, cptr, status); /* get 4th byte */ kk += 4; } } else if ( (coltype[ii] == TDOUBLE || coltype[ii] == TLONGLONG) && compalgor[ii] == GZIP_2) { while(kk < rm_colwidth[ii]) { cptr = cm_buffer + (cm_colstart[ii] + (jj * rm_repeat[ii]) + kk/8); ffgbyt(infptr, 1, cptr, status); /* get 1st byte */ cptr += cm_repeat[ii]; ffgbyt(infptr, 1, cptr, status); /* get 2nd byte */ cptr += cm_repeat[ii]; ffgbyt(infptr, 1, cptr, status); /* get 3rd byte */ cptr += cm_repeat[ii]; ffgbyt(infptr, 1, cptr, status); /* get 4th byte */ cptr += cm_repeat[ii]; ffgbyt(infptr, 1, cptr, status); /* get 5th byte */ cptr += cm_repeat[ii]; ffgbyt(infptr, 1, cptr, status); /* get 6th byte */ cptr += cm_repeat[ii]; ffgbyt(infptr, 1, cptr, status); /* get 7th byte */ cptr += cm_repeat[ii]; ffgbyt(infptr, 1, cptr, status); /* get 8th byte */ kk += 8; } } else { /* all other cases: don't shuffle the bytes; simply transpose the column */ cptr = cm_buffer + (cm_colstart[ii] + (jj * rm_colwidth[ii])); /* addr to copy to */ startbyte = (infptr->Fptr)->bytepos; /* save the starting byte location */ ffgbyt(infptr, rm_colwidth[ii], cptr, status); /* copy all the bytes */ if (rm_colwidth[ii] >= MINDIRECT) { /* have to explicitly move to next byte */ ffmbyt(infptr, startbyte + rm_colwidth[ii], 0, status); } } /* end of test of coltypee */ } /* end of not virtual column */ } /* end of loop over columns */ } /* end of loop over rows */ /* ================================================================================*/ /* now compress each column in the transposed chunk of the table */ /* ================================================================================*/ fits_set_hdustruc(outfptr, status); /* initialize structures in the output table */ for (ii = 0; ii < ncols; ii++) { /* loop over columns */ /* initialize the diagnostic compression results string */ snprintf(results[ii],30,"%3d %3d %3d ", ii+1, coltype[ii], compalgor[ii]); cratio[ii] = 0; if (rm_repeat[ii] > 0) { /* skip virtual columns with zero width */ if (coltype[ii] < 0) { /* this is a variable length array (VLA) column */ /*=========================================================================*/ /* variable-length array columns are a complicated special case */ /*=========================================================================*/ /* allocate memory to hold all the VLA descriptors from the input table, plus */ /* room to hold the descriptors to the compressed VLAs in the output table */ /* In total, there will be 2 descriptors for each row in this chunk */ uncompressed_size = 0.; compressed_size = 0; datasize = (size_t) (cm_colstart[ii + 1] - cm_colstart[ii]); /* size of input descriptors */ cdescript = calloc(datasize + (rowspertile * 16), 1); /* room for both descriptors */ if (!cdescript) { ffpmsg("Could not allocate buffer for descriptors"); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; free(cm_buffer); return(*status); } /* copy the input descriptors to this array */ memcpy(cdescript, &cm_buffer[cm_colstart[ii]], datasize); #if BYTESWAPPED /* byte-swap the integer values into the native machine representation */ if (rm_colwidth[ii] == 16) { ffswap8((double *) cdescript, rowspertile * 2); } else { ffswap4((int *) cdescript, rowspertile * 2); } #endif descriptors = (LONGLONG *) cdescript; /* use this for Q type descriptors */ pdescriptors = (int *) cdescript; /* use this instead for or P type descriptors */ /* pointer to the 2nd set of descriptors */ outdescript = (LONGLONG *) (cdescript + datasize); /* this is a LONGLONG pointer */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop to compress each VLA in turn */ if (rm_colwidth[ii] == 16) { /* if Q pointers */ vlalen = descriptors[jj * 2]; vlastart = descriptors[(jj * 2) + 1]; } else { /* if P pointers */ vlalen = (LONGLONG) pdescriptors[jj * 2]; vlastart = (LONGLONG) pdescriptors[(jj * 2) + 1]; } if (vlalen > 0) { /* skip zero-length VLAs */ vlamemlen = vlalen * (int) (-coltype[ii] / 10); vlamem = (LONGLONG *) malloc((size_t) vlamemlen); /* memory for the input uncompressed VLA */ if (!vlamem) { ffpmsg("Could not allocate buffer for VLA"); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; free(cdescript); free(cm_buffer); return(*status); } compmemlen = (size_t) (vlalen * ((LONGLONG) (-coltype[ii] / 10)) * 1.5); if (compmemlen < 100) compmemlen = 100; cvlamem = malloc(compmemlen); /* memory for the output compressed VLA */ if (!cvlamem) { ffpmsg("Could not allocate buffer for compressed data"); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; free(vlamem); free(cdescript); free(cm_buffer); return(*status); } /* read the raw bytes directly from the heap, without any byte-swapping or null value detection */ bytepos = (infptr->Fptr)->datastart + (infptr->Fptr)->heapstart + vlastart; ffmbyt(infptr, bytepos, REPORT_EOF, status); ffgbyt(infptr, vlamemlen, vlamem, status); /* read the bytes */ uncompressed_size += vlamemlen; /* total size of the uncompressed VLAs */ tot_uncompressed_size += vlamemlen; /* total size of the uncompressed file */ /* compress the VLA with the appropriate algorithm */ if (compalgor[ii] == RICE_1) { if (-coltype[ii] == TSHORT) { #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap2((short *) (vlamem), (long) vlalen); #endif dlen = fits_rcomp_short ((short *)(vlamem), (int) vlalen, (unsigned char *) cvlamem, (int) compmemlen, 32); } else if (-coltype[ii] == TLONG) { #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap4((int *) (vlamem), (long) vlalen); #endif dlen = fits_rcomp ((int *)(vlamem), (int) vlalen, (unsigned char *) cvlamem, (int) compmemlen, 32); } else if (-coltype[ii] == TBYTE) { dlen = fits_rcomp_byte ((signed char *)(vlamem), (int) vlalen, (unsigned char *) cvlamem, (int) compmemlen, 32); } else { /* this should not happen */ ffpmsg(" Error: cannot compress this column type with the RICE algorithm"); free(vlamem); free(cdescript); free(cm_buffer); free(cvlamem); *status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR; return(*status); } } else if (compalgor[ii] == GZIP_1 || compalgor[ii] == GZIP_2){ if (compalgor[ii] == GZIP_2 ) { /* shuffle the bytes before gzipping them */ if ( (int) (-coltype[ii] / 10) == 2) { fits_shuffle_2bytes((char *) vlamem, vlalen, status); } else if ( (int) (-coltype[ii] / 10) == 4) { fits_shuffle_4bytes((char *) vlamem, vlalen, status); } else if ( (int) (-coltype[ii] / 10) == 8) { fits_shuffle_8bytes((char *) vlamem, vlalen, status); } } /*: gzip compress the array of bytes */ compress2mem_from_mem( (char *) vlamem, (size_t) vlamemlen, &cvlamem, &compmemlen, realloc, &dlen, status); } else { /* this should not happen */ ffpmsg(" Error: unknown compression algorithm"); free(vlamem); free(cdescript); free(cm_buffer); free(cvlamem); *status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR; return(*status); } /* write the compressed array to the output table, but... */ /* We use a trick of always writing the array to the same row of the output table */ /* and then copy the descriptor into the array of descriptors that we allocated. */ /* First, reset the descriptor */ fits_write_descript(outfptr, ii+1, ll+1, 0, 0, status); /* write the compressed VLA if it is smaller than the original, else write */ /* the uncompressed array */ fits_set_tscale(outfptr, ii + 1, 1.0, 0.0, status); /* turn off any data scaling, first */ if (dlen < vlamemlen) { fits_write_col(outfptr, TBYTE, ii + 1, ll+1, 1, dlen, cvlamem, status); compressed_size += dlen; /* total size of the compressed VLAs */ tot_compressed_size += dlen; /* total size of the compressed file */ } else { if ( -coltype[ii] != TBYTE && compalgor[ii] != GZIP_1) { /* it is probably faster to reread the raw bytes, rather than unshuffle or unswap them */ bytepos = (infptr->Fptr)->datastart + (infptr->Fptr)->heapstart + vlastart; ffmbyt(infptr, bytepos, REPORT_EOF, status); ffgbyt(infptr, vlamemlen, vlamem, status); /* read the bytes */ } fits_write_col(outfptr, TBYTE, ii + 1, ll+1, 1, vlamemlen, vlamem, status); compressed_size += vlamemlen; /* total size of the compressed VLAs */ tot_compressed_size += vlamemlen; /* total size of the compressed file */ } /* read back the descriptor and save it in the array of descriptors */ fits_read_descriptll(outfptr, ii + 1, ll + 1, outdescript+(jj*2), outdescript+(jj*2)+1, status); free(cvlamem); free(vlamem); } /* end of vlalen > 0 */ } /* end of loop over rows */ if (compressed_size != 0) cratio[ii] = uncompressed_size / compressed_size; snprintf(tempstring,FLEN_VALUE," r=%6.2f",cratio[ii]); strncat(results[ii],tempstring, 29-strlen(results[ii])); /* now we just have to compress the array of descriptors (both input and output) */ /* and write them to the output table. */ /* allocate memory for the compressed descriptors */ cvlamem = malloc(datasize + (rowspertile * 16) ); if (!cvlamem) { ffpmsg("Could not allocate buffer for compressed data"); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; free(cdescript); free(cm_buffer); return(*status); } #if BYTESWAPPED /* byte swap the input and output descriptors */ if (rm_colwidth[ii] == 16) { ffswap8((double *) cdescript, rowspertile * 2); } else { ffswap4((int *) cdescript, rowspertile * 2); } ffswap8((double *) outdescript, rowspertile * 2); #endif /* compress the array contain both sets of descriptors */ compress2mem_from_mem((char *) cdescript, datasize + (rowspertile * 16), &cvlamem, &datasize, realloc, &dlen, status); free(cdescript); /* write the compressed descriptors to the output column */ fits_set_tscale(outfptr, ii + 1, 1.0, 0.0, status); /* turn off any data scaling, first */ fits_write_descript(outfptr, ii+1, ll+1, 0, 0, status); /* First, reset the descriptor */ fits_write_col(outfptr, TBYTE, ii + 1, ll+1, 1, dlen, cvlamem, status); free(cvlamem); if (ll == 0) { /* only write the ZCTYPn keyword once, while processing the first column */ fits_make_keyn("ZCTYP", ii+1, keyname, status); if (compalgor[ii] == RICE_1) { strcpy(keyvalue, "RICE_1"); } else if (compalgor[ii] == GZIP_2) { strcpy(keyvalue, "GZIP_2"); } else { strcpy(keyvalue, "GZIP_1"); } fits_write_key(outfptr, TSTRING, keyname, keyvalue, "compression algorithm for column", status); } continue; /* jump to end of loop, to go to next column */ } /* end of VLA case */ /* ================================================================================*/ /* deal with all the normal fixed-length columns here */ /* ================================================================================*/ /* allocate memory for the compressed data */ datasize = (size_t) (cm_colstart[ii + 1] - cm_colstart[ii]); cvlamem = malloc(datasize*2); tot_uncompressed_size += datasize; if (!cvlamem) { ffpmsg("Could not allocate buffer for compressed data"); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; free(cm_buffer); return(*status); } if (compalgor[ii] == RICE_1) { if (coltype[ii] == TSHORT) { #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap2((short *) (cm_buffer + cm_colstart[ii]), datasize / 2); #endif dlen = fits_rcomp_short ((short *)(cm_buffer + cm_colstart[ii]), datasize / 2, (unsigned char *) cvlamem, datasize * 2, 32); } else if (coltype[ii] == TLONG) { #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap4((int *) (cm_buffer + cm_colstart[ii]), datasize / 4); #endif dlen = fits_rcomp ((int *)(cm_buffer + cm_colstart[ii]), datasize / 4, (unsigned char *) cvlamem, datasize * 2, 32); } else if (coltype[ii] == TBYTE) { dlen = fits_rcomp_byte ((signed char *)(cm_buffer + cm_colstart[ii]), datasize, (unsigned char *) cvlamem, datasize * 2, 32); } else { /* this should not happen */ ffpmsg(" Error: cannot compress this column type with the RICE algorthm"); free(cvlamem); free(cm_buffer); *status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR; return(*status); } } else { /* all other cases: gzip compress the column (bytes may have been shuffled previously) */ compress2mem_from_mem(cm_buffer + cm_colstart[ii], datasize, &cvlamem, &datasize, realloc, &dlen, status); } if (ll == 0) { /* only write the ZCTYPn keyword once, while processing the first column */ fits_make_keyn("ZCTYP", ii+1, keyname, status); if (compalgor[ii] == RICE_1) { strcpy(keyvalue, "RICE_1"); } else if (compalgor[ii] == GZIP_2) { strcpy(keyvalue, "GZIP_2"); } else { strcpy(keyvalue, "GZIP_1"); } fits_write_key(outfptr, TSTRING, keyname, keyvalue, "compression algorithm for column", status); } /* write the compressed data to the output column */ fits_set_tscale(outfptr, ii + 1, 1.0, 0.0, status); /* turn off any data scaling, first */ fits_write_col(outfptr, TBYTE, ii + 1, ll+1, 1, dlen, cvlamem, status); tot_compressed_size += dlen; free(cvlamem); /* don't need the compressed data any more */ /* create diagnostic messages */ if (dlen != 0) cratio[ii] = (float) datasize / (float) dlen; /* compression ratio of the column */ snprintf(tempstring,FLEN_VALUE," r=%6.2f",cratio[ii]); strncat(results[ii],tempstring,29-strlen(results[ii])); } /* end of not a virtual column */ } /* end of loop over columns */ datastart += (rowspertile * naxis1); /* increment to start of next chunk */ firstrow += rowspertile; /* increment first row in next chunk */ if (print_report) { printf("\nChunk = %d\n",ll+1); for (ii = 0; ii < ncols; ii++) { printf("%s\n", results[ii]); } } } /* end of loop over chunks of the table */ /* =================================================================================*/ /* all done; just clean up and return */ /* ================================================================================*/ free(cm_buffer); fits_set_hdustruc(outfptr, status); /* reset internal structures */ if (print_report) { if (tot_compressed_size != 0) printf("\nTotal data size (MB) %.3f -> %.3f, ratio = %.3f\n", tot_uncompressed_size/1000000., tot_compressed_size/1000000., tot_uncompressed_size/tot_compressed_size); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_uncompress_table(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status) /* Uncompress the table that was compressed with fits_compress_table */ { char colcode[999]; /* column data type code character */ char coltype[999]; /* column data type numeric code value */ char *cm_buffer; /* memory buffer for the transposed, Column-Major, chunk of the table */ char *rm_buffer; /* memory buffer for the original, Row-Major, chunk of the table */ LONGLONG nrows, rmajor_colwidth[999], rmajor_colstart[1000], cmajor_colstart[1000]; LONGLONG cmajor_repeat[999], rmajor_repeat[999], cmajor_bytespan[999], kk; LONGLONG headstart, datastart = 0, dataend, rowsremain, *descript, *qdescript = 0; LONGLONG rowstart, cvlalen, cvlastart, vlalen, vlastart; long repeat, width, vla_repeat, vla_address, rowspertile, ntile; int ncols, hdutype, inttype, anynull, tstatus, zctype[999], addspace = 0, *pdescript = 0; char *cptr, keyname[9], tform[40]; long pcount, zheapptr, naxis1, naxis2, ii, jj; char *ptr, comm[FLEN_COMMENT], zvalue[FLEN_VALUE], *uncompressed_vla = 0, *compressed_vla; char card[FLEN_CARD]; size_t dlen, fullsize, cm_size, bytepos, vlamemlen; /* ================================================================================== */ /* perform initial sanity checks */ /* ================================================================================== */ if (*status > 0) return(*status); fits_get_hdu_type(infptr, &hdutype, status); if (hdutype != BINARY_TBL) { ffpmsg("This is not a binary table, so cannot uncompress it!"); *status = NOT_BTABLE; return(*status); } if (fits_read_key(infptr, TLOGICAL, "ZTABLE", &tstatus, NULL, status)) { /* just copy the HDU if the table is not compressed */ if (infptr != outfptr) { fits_copy_hdu (infptr, outfptr, 0, status); } return(*status); } fits_get_num_rowsll(infptr, &nrows, status); fits_get_num_cols(infptr, &ncols, status); if ((ncols < 1)) { /* just copy the HDU if the table does not have more than 0 columns */ if (infptr != outfptr) { fits_copy_hdu (infptr, outfptr, 0, status); } return(*status); } fits_read_key(infptr, TLONG, "ZTILELEN", &rowspertile, comm, status); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("Could not find the required ZTILELEN keyword"); *status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR; return(*status); } /**** get size of the uncompressed table */ fits_read_key(infptr, TLONG, "ZNAXIS1", &naxis1, comm, status); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("Could not find the required ZNAXIS1 keyword"); *status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR; return(*status); } fits_read_key(infptr, TLONG, "ZNAXIS2", &naxis2, comm, status); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("Could not find the required ZNAXIS2 keyword"); *status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR; return(*status); } /* silently ignore illegal ZTILELEN value if too large */ if (rowspertile > naxis2) rowspertile = naxis2; fits_read_key(infptr, TLONG, "ZPCOUNT", &pcount, comm, status); if (*status > 0) { ffpmsg("Could not find the required ZPCOUNT keyword"); *status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR; return(*status); } tstatus = 0; fits_read_key(infptr, TLONG, "ZHEAPPTR", &zheapptr, comm, &tstatus); if (tstatus > 0) { zheapptr = 0; /* uncompressed table has no heap */ } /* ================================================================================== */ /* copy of the input header, then recreate the uncompressed table keywords */ /* ================================================================================== */ fits_copy_header(infptr, outfptr, status); /* reset the NAXIS1, NAXIS2. and PCOUNT keywords to the original */ fits_read_card(outfptr, "ZNAXIS1", card, status); strncpy(card, "NAXIS1 ", 7); fits_update_card(outfptr, "NAXIS1", card, status); fits_read_card(outfptr, "ZNAXIS2", card, status); strncpy(card, "NAXIS2 ", 7); fits_update_card(outfptr, "NAXIS2", card, status); fits_read_card(outfptr, "ZPCOUNT", card, status); strncpy(card, "PCOUNT ", 7); fits_update_card(outfptr, "PCOUNT", card, status); fits_delete_key(outfptr, "ZTABLE", status); fits_delete_key(outfptr, "ZTILELEN", status); fits_delete_key(outfptr, "ZNAXIS1", status); fits_delete_key(outfptr, "ZNAXIS2", status); fits_delete_key(outfptr, "ZPCOUNT", status); tstatus = 0; fits_delete_key(outfptr, "CHECKSUM", &tstatus); tstatus = 0; fits_delete_key(outfptr, "DATASUM", &tstatus); /* restore the Checksum keywords, if they exist */ tstatus = 0; fits_modify_name(outfptr, "ZHECKSUM", "CHECKSUM", &tstatus); tstatus = 0; fits_modify_name(outfptr, "ZDATASUM", "DATASUM", &tstatus); /* ================================================================================== */ /* determine compression paramters for each column and write column-specific keywords */ /* ================================================================================== */ for (ii = 0; ii < ncols; ii++) { /* get the original column type, repeat count, and unit width */ fits_make_keyn("ZFORM", ii+1, keyname, status); fits_read_key(infptr, TSTRING, keyname, tform, comm, status); /* restore the original TFORM value and comment */ fits_read_card(outfptr, keyname, card, status); card[0] = 'T'; keyname[0] = 'T'; fits_update_card(outfptr, keyname, card, status); /* now delete the ZFORM keyword */ keyname[0] = 'Z'; fits_delete_key(outfptr, keyname, status); cptr = tform; while(isdigit(*cptr)) cptr++; colcode[ii] = *cptr; /* save the column type code */ fits_binary_tform(tform, &inttype, &repeat, &width, status); coltype[ii] = inttype; /* deal with special cases */ if (abs(coltype[ii]) == TBIT) { repeat = (repeat + 7) / 8 ; /* convert from bits to bytes */ } else if (abs(coltype[ii]) == TSTRING) { width = 1; } else if (coltype[ii] < 0) { /* pointer to variable length array */ if (colcode[ii] == 'P') width = 8; /* this is a 'P' column */ else width = 16; /* this is a 'Q' not a 'P' column */ addspace += 16; /* need space for a second set of Q pointers for this column */ } rmajor_repeat[ii] = repeat; /* width (in bytes) of each field in the row-major table */ rmajor_colwidth[ii] = rmajor_repeat[ii] * width; /* construct the ZCTYPn keyword name then read the keyword */ fits_make_keyn("ZCTYP", ii+1, keyname, status); tstatus = 0; fits_read_key(infptr, TSTRING, keyname, zvalue, NULL, &tstatus); if (tstatus) { zctype[ii] = GZIP_2; } else { if (!strcmp(zvalue, "GZIP_2")) { zctype[ii] = GZIP_2; } else if (!strcmp(zvalue, "GZIP_1")) { zctype[ii] = GZIP_1; } else if (!strcmp(zvalue, "RICE_1")) { zctype[ii] = RICE_1; } else { ffpmsg("Unrecognized ZCTYPn keyword compression code:"); ffpmsg(zvalue); *status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR; return(*status); } /* delete this keyword from the uncompressed header */ fits_delete_key(outfptr, keyname, status); } } /* rescan header keywords to reset internal table structure parameters */ fits_set_hdustruc(outfptr, status); /* ================================================================================== */ /* allocate memory for the transposed and untransposed tile of the table */ /* ================================================================================== */ fullsize = naxis1 * rowspertile; cm_size = fullsize + (addspace * rowspertile); cm_buffer = malloc(cm_size); if (!cm_buffer) { ffpmsg("Could not allocate buffer for transformed column-major table"); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; return(*status); } rm_buffer = malloc(fullsize); if (!rm_buffer) { ffpmsg("Could not allocate buffer for untransformed row-major table"); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; free(cm_buffer); return(*status); } /* ================================================================================== */ /* Main loop over all the tiles */ /* ================================================================================== */ rowsremain = naxis2; rowstart = 1; ntile = 0; while(rowsremain) { /* ================================================================================== */ /* loop over each column: read and uncompress the bytes */ /* ================================================================================== */ ntile++; rmajor_colstart[0] = 0; cmajor_colstart[0] = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < ncols; ii++) { cmajor_repeat[ii] = rmajor_repeat[ii] * rowspertile; /* starting offset of each field in the column-major table */ if (coltype[ii] > 0) { /* normal fixed length column */ cmajor_colstart[ii + 1] = cmajor_colstart[ii] + rmajor_colwidth[ii] * rowspertile; } else { /* VLA column: reserve space for the 2nd set of Q pointers */ cmajor_colstart[ii + 1] = cmajor_colstart[ii] + (rmajor_colwidth[ii] + 16) * rowspertile; } /* length of each sequence of bytes, after sorting them in signicant order */ cmajor_bytespan[ii] = (rmajor_repeat[ii] * rowspertile); /* starting offset of each field in the row-major table */ rmajor_colstart[ii + 1] = rmajor_colstart[ii] + rmajor_colwidth[ii]; if (rmajor_repeat[ii] > 0) { /* ignore columns with 0 elements */ /* read compressed bytes from input table */ fits_read_descript(infptr, ii + 1, ntile, &vla_repeat, &vla_address, status); /* allocate memory and read in the compressed bytes */ ptr = malloc(vla_repeat); if (!ptr) { ffpmsg("Could not allocate buffer for uncompressed bytes"); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; free(rm_buffer); free(cm_buffer); return(*status); } fits_set_tscale(infptr, ii + 1, 1.0, 0.0, status); /* turn off any data scaling, first */ fits_read_col_byt(infptr, ii + 1, ntile, 1, vla_repeat, 0, (unsigned char *) ptr, &anynull, status); cptr = cm_buffer + cmajor_colstart[ii]; /* size in bytes of the uncompressed column of bytes */ fullsize = (size_t) (cmajor_colstart[ii+1] - cmajor_colstart[ii]); switch (colcode[ii]) { case 'I': if (zctype[ii] == RICE_1) { dlen = fits_rdecomp_short((unsigned char *)ptr, vla_repeat, (unsigned short *)cptr, fullsize / 2, 32); #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap2((short *) cptr, fullsize / 2); #endif } else { /* gunzip the data into the correct location */ uncompress2mem_from_mem(ptr, vla_repeat, &cptr, &fullsize, realloc, &dlen, status); } break; case 'J': if (zctype[ii] == RICE_1) { dlen = fits_rdecomp ((unsigned char *) ptr, vla_repeat, (unsigned int *)cptr, fullsize / 4, 32); #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap4((int *) cptr, fullsize / 4); #endif } else { /* gunzip the data into the correct location */ uncompress2mem_from_mem(ptr, vla_repeat, &cptr, &fullsize, realloc, &dlen, status); } break; case 'B': if (zctype[ii] == RICE_1) { dlen = fits_rdecomp_byte ((unsigned char *) ptr, vla_repeat, (unsigned char *)cptr, fullsize, 32); } else { /* gunzip the data into the correct location */ uncompress2mem_from_mem(ptr, vla_repeat, &cptr, &fullsize, realloc, &dlen, status); } break; default: /* all variable length array columns are included in this case */ /* gunzip the data into the correct location in the full table buffer */ uncompress2mem_from_mem(ptr, vla_repeat, &cptr, &fullsize, realloc, &dlen, status); } /* end of switch block */ free(ptr); } /* end of rmajor_repeat > 0 */ } /* end of loop over columns */ /* now transpose the rows and columns (from cm_buffer to rm_buffer) */ /* move each byte, in turn, from the cm_buffer to the appropriate place in the rm_buffer */ for (ii = 0; ii < ncols; ii++) { /* loop over columns */ ptr = (char *) (cm_buffer + cmajor_colstart[ii]); /* initialize ptr to start of the column in the cm_buffer */ if (rmajor_repeat[ii] > 0) { /* skip columns with zero elements */ if (coltype[ii] > 0) { /* normal fixed length array columns */ if (zctype[ii] == GZIP_2) { /* need to unshuffle the bytes */ /* recombine the byte planes for the 2-byte, 4-byte, and 8-byte numeric columns */ switch (colcode[ii]) { case 'I': /* get the 1st byte of each I*2 value */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + (jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols])); for (kk = 0; kk < rmajor_repeat[ii]; kk++) { *cptr = *ptr; /* copy 1 byte */ ptr++; cptr += 2; } } /* get the 2nd byte of each I*2 value */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + (jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols]) + 1); for (kk = 0; kk < rmajor_repeat[ii]; kk++) { *cptr = *ptr; /* copy 1 byte */ ptr++; cptr += 2; } } break; case 'J': case 'E': /* get the 1st byte of each 4-byte value */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + (jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols])); for (kk = 0; kk < rmajor_repeat[ii]; kk++) { *cptr = *ptr; /* copy 1 byte */ ptr++; cptr += 4; } } /* get the 2nd byte */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + (jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols]) + 1); for (kk = 0; kk < rmajor_repeat[ii]; kk++) { *cptr = *ptr; /* copy 1 byte */ ptr++; cptr += 4; } } /* get the 3rd byte */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + (jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols]) + 2); for (kk = 0; kk < rmajor_repeat[ii]; kk++) { *cptr = *ptr; /* copy 1 byte */ ptr++; cptr += 4; } } /* get the 4th byte */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + (jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols]) + 3); for (kk = 0; kk < rmajor_repeat[ii]; kk++) { *cptr = *ptr; /* copy 1 byte */ ptr++; cptr += 4; } } break; case 'D': case 'K': /* get the 1st byte of each 8-byte value */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + (jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols])); for (kk = 0; kk < rmajor_repeat[ii]; kk++) { *cptr = *ptr; /* copy 1 byte */ ptr++; cptr += 8; } } /* get the 2nd byte */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + (jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols]) + 1); for (kk = 0; kk < rmajor_repeat[ii]; kk++) { *cptr = *ptr; /* copy 1 byte */ ptr++; cptr += 8; } } /* get the 3rd byte */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + (jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols]) + 2); for (kk = 0; kk < rmajor_repeat[ii]; kk++) { *cptr = *ptr; /* copy 1 byte */ ptr++; cptr += 8; } } /* get the 4th byte */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + (jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols]) + 3); for (kk = 0; kk < rmajor_repeat[ii]; kk++) { *cptr = *ptr; /* copy 1 byte */ ptr++; cptr += 8; } } /* get the 5th byte */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + (jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols]) + 4); for (kk = 0; kk < rmajor_repeat[ii]; kk++) { *cptr = *ptr; /* copy 1 byte */ ptr++; cptr += 8; } } /* get the 6th byte */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + (jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols]) + 5); for (kk = 0; kk < rmajor_repeat[ii]; kk++) { *cptr = *ptr; /* copy 1 byte */ ptr++; cptr += 8; } } /* get the 7th byte */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + (jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols]) + 6); for (kk = 0; kk < rmajor_repeat[ii]; kk++) { *cptr = *ptr; /* copy 1 byte */ ptr++; cptr += 8; } } /* get the 8th byte */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + (jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols]) + 7); for (kk = 0; kk < rmajor_repeat[ii]; kk++) { *cptr = *ptr; /* copy 1 byte */ ptr++; cptr += 8; } } break; default: /* should never get here */ ffpmsg("Error: unexpected attempt to use GZIP_2 to compress a column unsuitable data type"); *status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR; free(rm_buffer); free(cm_buffer); return(*status); } /* end of switch for shuffling the bytes*/ } else { /* not GZIP_2, don't have to shuffle bytes, so just transpose the rows and columns */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols]); /* addr to copy to */ memcpy(cptr, ptr, (size_t) rmajor_colwidth[ii]); ptr += (rmajor_colwidth[ii]); } } } else { /* transpose the variable length array pointers */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over number of rows in the output uncompressed table */ cptr = rm_buffer + (rmajor_colstart[ii] + jj * rmajor_colstart[ncols]); /* addr to copy to */ memcpy(cptr, ptr, (size_t) rmajor_colwidth[ii]); ptr += (rmajor_colwidth[ii]); } if (rmajor_colwidth[ii] == 8 ) { /* these are P-type descriptors */ pdescript = (int *) (cm_buffer + cmajor_colstart[ii]); #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap4((int *) pdescript, rowspertile * 2); /* byte-swap the descriptor */ #endif } else if (rmajor_colwidth[ii] == 16 ) { /* these are Q-type descriptors */ qdescript = (LONGLONG *) (cm_buffer + cmajor_colstart[ii]); #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap8((double *) qdescript, rowspertile * 2); /* byte-swap the descriptor */ #endif } else { /* this should never happen */ ffpmsg("Error: Descriptor column is neither 8 nor 16 bytes wide"); free(rm_buffer); free(cm_buffer); *status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR; return(*status); } /* First, set pointer to the Q descriptors, and byte-swap them, if needed */ descript = (LONGLONG*) (cm_buffer + cmajor_colstart[ii] + (rmajor_colwidth[ii] * rowspertile)); #if BYTESWAPPED /* byte-swap the descriptor */ ffswap8((double *) descript, rowspertile * 2); #endif /* now uncompress all the individual VLAs, and */ /* write them to their original location in the uncompressed file */ for (jj = 0; jj < rowspertile; jj++) { /* loop over rows */ /* get the size and location of the compressed VLA in the compressed table */ cvlalen = descript[jj * 2]; cvlastart = descript[(jj * 2) + 1]; if (cvlalen > 0 ) { /* get the size and location to write the uncompressed VLA in the uncompressed table */ if (rmajor_colwidth[ii] == 8 ) { vlalen = pdescript[jj * 2]; vlastart = pdescript[(jj * 2) + 1]; } else { vlalen = qdescript[jj * 2]; vlastart = qdescript[(jj * 2) + 1]; } vlamemlen = (size_t) (vlalen * (-coltype[ii] / 10)); /* size of the uncompressed VLA, in bytes */ /* allocate memory for the compressed vla */ compressed_vla = malloc( (size_t) cvlalen); if (!compressed_vla) { ffpmsg("Could not allocate buffer for compressed VLA"); free(rm_buffer); free(cm_buffer); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; return(*status); } /* read the compressed VLA from the heap in the input compressed table */ bytepos = (size_t) ((infptr->Fptr)->datastart + (infptr->Fptr)->heapstart + cvlastart); ffmbyt(infptr, bytepos, REPORT_EOF, status); ffgbyt(infptr, cvlalen, compressed_vla, status); /* read the bytes */ /* if the VLA couldn't be compressed, just copy it directly to the output uncompressed table */ if (cvlalen == vlamemlen ) { bytepos = (size_t) ((outfptr->Fptr)->datastart + (outfptr->Fptr)->heapstart + vlastart); ffmbyt(outfptr, bytepos, IGNORE_EOF, status); ffpbyt(outfptr, cvlalen, compressed_vla, status); /* write the bytes */ } else { /* uncompress the VLA */ /* allocate memory for the uncompressed VLA */ uncompressed_vla = malloc(vlamemlen); if (!uncompressed_vla) { ffpmsg("Could not allocate buffer for uncompressed VLA"); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; free(compressed_vla); free(rm_buffer); free(cm_buffer); return(*status); } /* uncompress the VLA with the appropriate algorithm */ if (zctype[ii] == RICE_1) { if (-coltype[ii] == TSHORT) { dlen = fits_rdecomp_short((unsigned char *) compressed_vla, (int) cvlalen, (unsigned short *)uncompressed_vla, (int) vlalen, 32); #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap2((short *) uncompressed_vla, (long) vlalen); #endif } else if (-coltype[ii] == TLONG) { dlen = fits_rdecomp((unsigned char *) compressed_vla, (int) cvlalen, (unsigned int *)uncompressed_vla, (int) vlalen, 32); #if BYTESWAPPED ffswap4((int *) uncompressed_vla, (long) vlalen); #endif } else if (-coltype[ii] == TBYTE) { dlen = fits_rdecomp_byte((unsigned char *) compressed_vla, (int) cvlalen, (unsigned char *) uncompressed_vla, (int) vlalen, 32); } else { /* this should not happen */ ffpmsg(" Error: cannot uncompress this column type with the RICE algorithm"); *status = DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR; free(uncompressed_vla); free(compressed_vla); free(rm_buffer); free(cm_buffer); return(*status); } } else if (zctype[ii] == GZIP_1 || zctype[ii] == GZIP_2){ /*: gzip uncompress the array of bytes */ uncompress2mem_from_mem( compressed_vla, (size_t) cvlalen, &uncompressed_vla, &vlamemlen, realloc, &vlamemlen, status); if (zctype[ii] == GZIP_2 ) { /* unshuffle the bytes after ungzipping them */ if ( (int) (-coltype[ii] / 10) == 2) { fits_unshuffle_2bytes((char *) uncompressed_vla, vlalen, status); } else if ( (int) (-coltype[ii] / 10) == 4) { fits_unshuffle_4bytes((char *) uncompressed_vla, vlalen, status); } else if ( (int) (-coltype[ii] / 10) == 8) { fits_unshuffle_8bytes((char *) uncompressed_vla, vlalen, status); } } } else { /* this should not happen */ ffpmsg(" Error: unknown compression algorithm"); free(uncompressed_vla); free(compressed_vla); free(rm_buffer); free(cm_buffer); *status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR; return(*status); } bytepos = (size_t) ((outfptr->Fptr)->datastart + (outfptr->Fptr)->heapstart + vlastart); ffmbyt(outfptr, bytepos, IGNORE_EOF, status); ffpbyt(outfptr, vlamemlen, uncompressed_vla, status); /* write the bytes */ free(uncompressed_vla); } /* end of uncompress VLA */ free(compressed_vla); } /* end of vlalen > 0 */ } /* end of loop over rowspertile */ } /* end of variable length array section*/ } /* end of if column repeat > 0 */ } /* end of ncols loop */ /* copy the buffer of data to the output data unit */ if (datastart == 0) fits_get_hduaddrll(outfptr, &headstart, &datastart, &dataend, status); ffmbyt(outfptr, datastart, 1, status); ffpbyt(outfptr, naxis1 * rowspertile, rm_buffer, status); /* increment pointers for next tile */ rowstart += rowspertile; rowsremain -= rowspertile; datastart += (naxis1 * rowspertile); if (rowspertile > rowsremain) rowspertile = (long) rowsremain; } /* end of while rows still remain */ free(rm_buffer); free(cm_buffer); /* reset internal table structure parameters */ fits_set_hdustruc(outfptr, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int fits_shuffle_2bytes(char *heap, LONGLONG length, int *status) /* shuffle the bytes in an array of 2-byte integers in the heap */ { LONGLONG ii; char *ptr, *cptr, *heapptr; ptr = malloc((size_t) (length * 2)); heapptr = heap; cptr = ptr; for (ii = 0; ii < length; ii++) { *cptr = *heapptr; heapptr++; *(cptr + length) = *heapptr; heapptr++; cptr++; } memcpy(heap, ptr, (size_t) (length * 2)); free(ptr); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int fits_shuffle_4bytes(char *heap, LONGLONG length, int *status) /* shuffle the bytes in an array of 4-byte integers or floats */ { LONGLONG ii; char *ptr, *cptr, *heapptr; ptr = malloc((size_t) (length * 4)); if (!ptr) { ffpmsg("malloc failed\n"); return(*status); } heapptr = heap; cptr = ptr; for (ii = 0; ii < length; ii++) { *cptr = *heapptr; heapptr++; *(cptr + length) = *heapptr; heapptr++; *(cptr + (length * 2)) = *heapptr; heapptr++; *(cptr + (length * 3)) = *heapptr; heapptr++; cptr++; } memcpy(heap, ptr, (size_t) (length * 4)); free(ptr); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int fits_shuffle_8bytes(char *heap, LONGLONG length, int *status) /* shuffle the bytes in an array of 8-byte integers or doubles in the heap */ { LONGLONG ii; char *ptr, *cptr, *heapptr; ptr = calloc(1, (size_t) (length * 8)); heapptr = heap; /* for some bizarre reason this loop fails to compile under OpenSolaris using the proprietary SunStudioExpress C compiler; use the following equivalent loop instead. cptr = ptr; for (ii = 0; ii < length; ii++) { *cptr = *heapptr; heapptr++; *(cptr + length) = *heapptr; heapptr++; *(cptr + (length * 2)) = *heapptr; heapptr++; *(cptr + (length * 3)) = *heapptr; heapptr++; *(cptr + (length * 4)) = *heapptr; heapptr++; *(cptr + (length * 5)) = *heapptr; heapptr++; *(cptr + (length * 6)) = *heapptr; heapptr++; *(cptr + (length * 7)) = *heapptr; heapptr++; cptr++; } */ for (ii = 0; ii < length; ii++) { cptr = ptr + ii; *cptr = *heapptr; heapptr++; cptr += length; *cptr = *heapptr; heapptr++; cptr += length; *cptr = *heapptr; heapptr++; cptr += length; *cptr = *heapptr; heapptr++; cptr += length; *cptr = *heapptr; heapptr++; cptr += length; *cptr = *heapptr; heapptr++; cptr += length; *cptr = *heapptr; heapptr++; cptr += length; *cptr = *heapptr; heapptr++; } memcpy(heap, ptr, (size_t) (length * 8)); free(ptr); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int fits_unshuffle_2bytes(char *heap, LONGLONG length, int *status) /* unshuffle the bytes in an array of 2-byte integers */ { LONGLONG ii; char *ptr, *cptr, *heapptr; ptr = malloc((size_t) (length * 2)); heapptr = heap + (2 * length) - 1; cptr = ptr + (2 * length) - 1; for (ii = 0; ii < length; ii++) { *cptr = *heapptr; cptr--; *cptr = *(heapptr - length); cptr--; heapptr--; } memcpy(heap, ptr, (size_t) (length * 2)); free(ptr); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int fits_unshuffle_4bytes(char *heap, LONGLONG length, int *status) /* unshuffle the bytes in an array of 4-byte integers or floats */ { LONGLONG ii; char *ptr, *cptr, *heapptr; ptr = malloc((size_t) (length * 4)); heapptr = heap + (4 * length) -1; cptr = ptr + (4 * length) -1; for (ii = 0; ii < length; ii++) { *cptr = *heapptr; cptr--; *cptr = *(heapptr - length); cptr--; *cptr = *(heapptr - (2 * length)); cptr--; *cptr = *(heapptr - (3 * length)); cptr--; heapptr--; } memcpy(heap, ptr, (size_t) (length * 4)); free(ptr); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int fits_unshuffle_8bytes(char *heap, LONGLONG length, int *status) /* unshuffle the bytes in an array of 8-byte integers or doubles */ { LONGLONG ii; char *ptr, *cptr, *heapptr; ptr = malloc((size_t) (length * 8)); heapptr = heap + (8 * length) - 1; cptr = ptr + (8 * length) -1; for (ii = 0; ii < length; ii++) { *cptr = *heapptr; cptr--; *cptr = *(heapptr - length); cptr--; *cptr = *(heapptr - (2 * length)); cptr--; *cptr = *(heapptr - (3 * length)); cptr--; *cptr = *(heapptr - (4 * length)); cptr--; *cptr = *(heapptr - (5 * length)); cptr--; *cptr = *(heapptr - (6 * length)); cptr--; *cptr = *(heapptr - (7 * length)); cptr--; heapptr--; } memcpy(heap, ptr, (size_t) (length * 8)); free(ptr); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int fits_int_to_longlong_inplace(int *intarray, long length, int *status) /* convert the input array of 32-bit integers into an array of 64-bit integers, in place. This will overwrite the input array with the new longer array starting at the same memory location. Note that aliasing the same memory location with pointers of different datatypes is not allowed in strict ANSI C99, however it is used here for efficency. In principle, one could simply copy the input array in reverse order to the output array, but this only works if the compiler performs the operation in strict order. Certain compiler optimization techniques may vioate this assumption. Therefore, we first copy a section of the input array to a temporary intermediate array, before copying the longer datatype values back to the original array. */ { LONGLONG *longlongarray, *aliasarray; long ii, ntodo, firstelem, nmax = 10000; if (*status > 0) return(*status); ntodo = nmax; if (length < nmax) ntodo = length; firstelem = length - ntodo; /* first element to be converted */ longlongarray = (LONGLONG *) malloc(ntodo * sizeof(LONGLONG)); if (longlongarray == NULL) { ffpmsg("Out of memory. (fits_int_to_longlong_inplace)"); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } aliasarray = (LONGLONG *) intarray; /* alias pointer to the input array */ while (ntodo > 0) { /* do datatype conversion into temp array */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { longlongarray[ii] = intarray[ii + firstelem]; } /* copy temp array back to alias */ memcpy(&(aliasarray[firstelem]), longlongarray, ntodo * 8); if (firstelem == 0) { /* we are all done */ ntodo = 0; } else { /* recalculate ntodo and firstelem for next loop */ if (firstelem > nmax) { firstelem -= nmax; } else { ntodo = firstelem; firstelem = 0; } } } free(longlongarray); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int fits_short_to_int_inplace(short *shortarray, long length, int shift, int *status) /* convert the input array of 16-bit integers into an array of 32-bit integers, in place. This will overwrite the input array with the new longer array starting at the same memory location. Note that aliasing the same memory location with pointers of different datatypes is not allowed in strict ANSI C99, however it is used here for efficency. In principle, one could simply copy the input array in reverse order to the output array, but this only works if the compiler performs the operation in strict order. Certain compiler optimization techniques may vioate this assumption. Therefore, we first copy a section of the input array to a temporary intermediate array, before copying the longer datatype values back to the original array. */ { int *intarray, *aliasarray; long ii, ntodo, firstelem, nmax = 10000; if (*status > 0) return(*status); ntodo = nmax; if (length < nmax) ntodo = length; firstelem = length - ntodo; /* first element to be converted */ intarray = (int *) malloc(ntodo * sizeof(int)); if (intarray == NULL) { ffpmsg("Out of memory. (fits_short_to_int_inplace)"); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } aliasarray = (int *) shortarray; /* alias pointer to the input array */ while (ntodo > 0) { /* do datatype conversion into temp array */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { intarray[ii] = (int)(shortarray[ii + firstelem]) + shift; } /* copy temp array back to alias */ memcpy(&(aliasarray[firstelem]), intarray, ntodo * 4); if (firstelem == 0) { /* we are all done */ ntodo = 0; } else { /* recalculate ntodo and firstelem for next loop */ if (firstelem > nmax) { firstelem -= nmax; } else { ntodo = firstelem; firstelem = 0; } } } free(intarray); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int fits_ushort_to_int_inplace(unsigned short *ushortarray, long length, int shift, int *status) /* convert the input array of 16-bit unsigned integers into an array of 32-bit integers, in place. This will overwrite the input array with the new longer array starting at the same memory location. Note that aliasing the same memory location with pointers of different datatypes is not allowed in strict ANSI C99, however it is used here for efficency. In principle, one could simply copy the input array in reverse order to the output array, but this only works if the compiler performs the operation in strict order. Certain compiler optimization techniques may vioate this assumption. Therefore, we first copy a section of the input array to a temporary intermediate array, before copying the longer datatype values back to the original array. */ { int *intarray, *aliasarray; long ii, ntodo, firstelem, nmax = 10000; if (*status > 0) return(*status); ntodo = nmax; if (length < nmax) ntodo = length; firstelem = length - ntodo; /* first element to be converted */ intarray = (int *) malloc(ntodo * sizeof(int)); if (intarray == NULL) { ffpmsg("Out of memory. (fits_ushort_to_int_inplace)"); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } aliasarray = (int *) ushortarray; /* alias pointer to the input array */ while (ntodo > 0) { /* do datatype conversion into temp array */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { intarray[ii] = (int)(ushortarray[ii + firstelem]) + shift; } /* copy temp array back to alias */ memcpy(&(aliasarray[firstelem]), intarray, ntodo * 4); if (firstelem == 0) { /* we are all done */ ntodo = 0; } else { /* recalculate ntodo and firstelem for next loop */ if (firstelem > nmax) { firstelem -= nmax; } else { ntodo = firstelem; firstelem = 0; } } } free(intarray); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int fits_ubyte_to_int_inplace(unsigned char *ubytearray, long length, int *status) /* convert the input array of 8-bit unsigned integers into an array of 32-bit integers, in place. This will overwrite the input array with the new longer array starting at the same memory location. Note that aliasing the same memory location with pointers of different datatypes is not allowed in strict ANSI C99, however it is used here for efficency. In principle, one could simply copy the input array in reverse order to the output array, but this only works if the compiler performs the operation in strict order. Certain compiler optimization techniques may vioate this assumption. Therefore, we first copy a section of the input array to a temporary intermediate array, before copying the longer datatype values back to the original array. */ { int *intarray, *aliasarray; long ii, ntodo, firstelem, nmax = 10000; if (*status > 0) return(*status); ntodo = nmax; if (length < nmax) ntodo = length; firstelem = length - ntodo; /* first element to be converted */ intarray = (int *) malloc(ntodo * sizeof(int)); if (intarray == NULL) { ffpmsg("Out of memory. (fits_ubyte_to_int_inplace)"); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } aliasarray = (int *) ubytearray; /* alias pointer to the input array */ while (ntodo > 0) { /* do datatype conversion into temp array */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { intarray[ii] = ubytearray[ii + firstelem]; } /* copy temp array back to alias */ memcpy(&(aliasarray[firstelem]), intarray, ntodo * 4); if (firstelem == 0) { /* we are all done */ ntodo = 0; } else { /* recalculate ntodo and firstelem for next loop */ if (firstelem > nmax) { firstelem -= nmax; } else { ntodo = firstelem; firstelem = 0; } } } free(intarray); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int fits_sbyte_to_int_inplace(signed char *sbytearray, long length, int *status) /* convert the input array of 8-bit signed integers into an array of 32-bit integers, in place. This will overwrite the input array with the new longer array starting at the same memory location. Note that aliasing the same memory location with pointers of different datatypes is not allowed in strict ANSI C99, however it is used here for efficency. In principle, one could simply copy the input array in reverse order to the output array, but this only works if the compiler performs the operation in strict order. Certain compiler optimization techniques may vioate this assumption. Therefore, we first copy a section of the input array to a temporary intermediate array, before copying the longer datatype values back to the original array. */ /* !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! NOTE THAT THIS IS A SPECIALIZED ROUTINE THAT ADDS AN OFFSET OF 128 TO THE ARRAY VALUES !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! */ { int *intarray, *aliasarray; long ii, ntodo, firstelem, nmax = 10000; if (*status > 0) return(*status); ntodo = nmax; if (length < nmax) ntodo = length; firstelem = length - ntodo; /* first element to be converted */ intarray = (int *) malloc(ntodo * sizeof(int)); if (intarray == NULL) { ffpmsg("Out of memory. (fits_sbyte_to_int_inplace)"); return (*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); } aliasarray = (int *) sbytearray; /* alias pointer to the input array */ while (ntodo > 0) { /* do datatype conversion into temp array */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { intarray[ii] = sbytearray[ii + firstelem] + 128; /* !! Note the offset !! */ } /* copy temp array back to alias */ memcpy(&(aliasarray[firstelem]), intarray, ntodo * 4); if (firstelem == 0) { /* we are all done */ ntodo = 0; } else { /* recalculate ntodo and firstelem for next loop */ if (firstelem > nmax) { firstelem -= nmax; } else { ntodo = firstelem; firstelem = 0; } } } free(intarray); return(*status); } int fits_calc_tile_rows(long *tlpixel, long *tfpixel, int ndim, long *trowsize, long *ntrows, int *status) { /* The quantizing algorithms treat all N-dimensional tiles as if they were 2 dimensions (trowsize * ntrows). This sets trowsize to the first dimensional size encountered that's > 1 (typically the X dimension). ntrows will then be the product of the remaining dimensional sizes. Examples: Tile = (5,4,1,3): trowsize=5, ntrows=12 Tile = (1,1,5): trowsize=5, ntrows=1 */ int ii; long np; if (*status) return (*status); *trowsize = 0; *ntrows = 1; for (ii=0; ii 1) { if (!(*trowsize)) *trowsize = np; else *ntrows *= np; } } if (!(*trowsize)) { /* Should only get here for the unusual case of all tile dimensions having size = 1 */ *trowsize = 1; } return (*status); } cfitsio-4.3.1/cfitsio_mac.sit.hqx0000644000225700000360000005550613472024437016266 0ustar cagordonlhea(This file must be converted with BinHex 4.0) :$f0QDA4cD@pIE@&M,R0TG!"6594%8dP8)3#3"%11!*!%4HY6593K!!%!!%11FNa KG3*6!*!$&ZlZ)#!,BfCTG(0TEepYB@-!N"AR#BB"&J!9!U)"eJ#3!`-!N!q'!!! $([q3"!2JYCR`K,@Cp[N!N!8"mK%!N!C$#2r`rrJ!!-0!!!"0Y`!0$N0'DA4cD@p 38%-ZE@0`!*!4Da3*KJ#3$aB!!$i$!*!$&[q3"%e08(*$9dP&!3#[H%fHYCRfmJ# 3"3(U0!#3"Md0!!"9XJ#3"[8H"[LUJEpCRC+&h2,Qp5XR2!PhHq4S2H%,ApKQqmJ LNkpp8AlddNfr[1A)MP#1Tai![I"-haEmadlZiRN5eLh2&pPQYb@hMpc#pMQahU[ MjF@A)`YEb',mbF)EN!#&l)[`r)9RmFZHm#-lbAEK#qr)l6MKLpjbR($&#Ur-Vr0 fK0r#Ma`RA-)l22Q&,13AFTY-&L1cK5jN"9K($6SEG(C1mZ4R0R4JEhDp%a[NjC! 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gsiftp_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle); int gsiftp_create(char *filename, int *driverhandle); int gsiftp_truncate(int driverhandle, LONGLONG filesize); int gsiftp_size(int driverhandle, LONGLONG *filesize); int gsiftp_close(int driverhandle); int gsiftp_remove(char *filename); int gsiftp_flush(int driverhandle); int gsiftp_seek(int driverhandle, LONGLONG offset); int gsiftp_read (int driverhandle, void *buffer, long nbytes); int gsiftp_write(int driverhandle, void *buffer, long nbytes); #endif cfitsio-4.3.1/cookbook.f0000644000225700000360000007277614214470324014446 0ustar cagordonlhea program main C This is the FITSIO cookbook program that contains an annotated listing of C various computer programs that read and write files in FITS format C using the FITSIO subroutine interface. These examples are C working programs which users may adapt and modify for their own C purposes. This Cookbook serves as a companion to the FITSIO User's C Guide that provides more complete documentation on all the C available FITSIO subroutines. C Call each subroutine in turn: call writeimage call writeascii call writebintable call copyhdu call selectrows call readheader call readimage call readtable print * print *,"All the fitsio cookbook routines ran successfully." end C ************************************************************************* subroutine writeimage C Create a FITS primary array containing a 2-D image integer status,unit,blocksize,bitpix,naxis,naxes(2) integer i,j,group,fpixel,nelements,array(300,200) character filename*80 logical simple,extend C The STATUS parameter must be initialized before using FITSIO. A C positive value of STATUS is returned whenever a serious error occurs. C FITSIO uses an `inherited status' convention, which means that if a C subroutine is called with a positive input value of STATUS, then the C subroutine will exit immediately, preserving the status value. For C simplicity, this program only checks the status value at the end of C the program, but it is usually better practice to check the status C value more frequently. status=0 C Name of the FITS file to be created: filename='ATESTFILEZ.FITS' C Delete the file if it already exists, so we can then recreate it. C The deletefile subroutine is listed at the end of this file. call deletefile(filename,status) C Get an unused Logical Unit Number to use to open the FITS file. C This routine is not required; programmers can choose any unused C unit number to open the file. call ftgiou(unit,status) C Create the new empty FITS file. The blocksize parameter is a C historical artifact and the value is ignored by FITSIO. blocksize=1 call ftinit(unit,filename,blocksize,status) C Initialize parameters about the FITS image. C BITPIX = 16 means that the image pixels will consist of 16-bit C integers. The size of the image is given by the NAXES values. C The EXTEND = TRUE parameter indicates that the FITS file C may contain extensions following the primary array. simple=.true. bitpix=16 naxis=2 naxes(1)=300 naxes(2)=200 extend=.true. C Write the required header keywords to the file call ftphpr(unit,simple,bitpix,naxis,naxes,0,1,extend,status) C Initialize the values in the image with a linear ramp function do j=1,naxes(2) do i=1,naxes(1) array(i,j)=i - 1 +j - 1 end do end do C Write the array to the FITS file. C The last letter of the subroutine name defines the datatype of the C array argument; in this case the 'J' indicates that the array has an C integer*4 datatype. ('I' = I*2, 'E' = Real*4, 'D' = Real*8). C The 2D array is treated as a single 1-D array with NAXIS1 * NAXIS2 C total number of pixels. GROUP is seldom used parameter that should C almost always be set = 1. group=1 fpixel=1 nelements=naxes(1)*naxes(2) call ftpprj(unit,group,fpixel,nelements,array,status) C Write another optional keyword to the header C The keyword record will look like this in the FITS file: C C EXPOSURE= 1500 / Total Exposure Time C call ftpkyj(unit,'EXPOSURE',1500,'Total Exposure Time',status) C The FITS file must always be closed before exiting the program. C Any unit numbers allocated with FTGIOU must be freed with FTFIOU. call ftclos(unit, status) call ftfiou(unit, status) C Check for any errors, and if so print out error messages. C The PRINTERROR subroutine is listed near the end of this file. if (status .gt. 0)call printerror(status) end C ************************************************************************* subroutine writeascii C Create an ASCII table containing 3 columns and 6 rows. For convenience, C the ASCII table extension is appended to the FITS image file created C previously by the WRITEIMAGE subroutine. integer status,unit,readwrite,blocksize,tfields,nrows,rowlen integer nspace,tbcol(3),diameter(6), colnum,frow,felem real density(6) character filename*40,extname*16 character*16 ttype(3),tform(3),tunit(3),name(6) data ttype/'Planet','Diameter','Density'/ data tform/'A8','I6','F4.2'/ data tunit/' ','km','g/cm'/ data name/'Mercury','Venus','Earth','Mars','Jupiter','Saturn'/ data diameter/4880,12112,12742,6800,143000,121000/ data density/5.1,5.3,5.52,3.94,1.33,0.69/ C The STATUS parameter must always be initialized. status=0 C Name of the FITS file to append the ASCII table to: filename='ATESTFILEZ.FITS' C Get an unused Logical Unit Number to use to open the FITS file. call ftgiou(unit,status) C Open the FITS file with write access. C (readwrite = 0 would open the file with readonly access). readwrite=1 call ftopen(unit,filename,readwrite,blocksize,status) C FTCRHD creates a new empty FITS extension following the current C extension and moves to it. In this case, FITSIO was initially C positioned on the primary array when the FITS file was first opened, so C FTCRHD appends an empty extension and moves to it. All future FITSIO C calls then operate on the new extension (which will be an ASCII C table). call ftcrhd(unit,status) C define parameters for the ASCII table (see the above data statements) tfields=3 nrows=6 extname='PLANETS_ASCII' C FTGABC is a convenient subroutine for calculating the total width of C the table and the starting position of each column in an ASCII table. C Any number of blank spaces (including zero) may be inserted between C each column of the table, as specified by the NSPACE parameter. nspace=1 call ftgabc(tfields,tform,nspace,rowlen,tbcol,status) C FTPHTB writes all the required header keywords which define the C structure of the ASCII table. NROWS and TFIELDS give the number of C rows and columns in the table, and the TTYPE, TBCOL, TFORM, and TUNIT C arrays give the column name, starting position, format, and units, C respectively of each column. The values of the ROWLEN and TBCOL parameters C were previously calculated by the FTGABC routine. call ftphtb(unit,rowlen,nrows,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit, & extname,status) C Write names to the first column, diameters to 2nd col., and density to 3rd C FTPCLS writes the string values to the NAME column (column 1) of the C table. The FTPCLJ and FTPCLE routines write the diameter (integer) and C density (real) value to the 2nd and 3rd columns. The FITSIO routines C are column oriented, so it is usually easier to read or write data in a C table in a column by column order rather than row by row. frow=1 felem=1 colnum=1 call ftpcls(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nrows,name,status) colnum=2 call ftpclj(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nrows,diameter,status) colnum=3 call ftpcle(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nrows,density,status) C The FITS file must always be closed before exiting the program. C Any unit numbers allocated with FTGIOU must be freed with FTFIOU. call ftclos(unit, status) call ftfiou(unit, status) C Check for any error, and if so print out error messages. C The PRINTERROR subroutine is listed near the end of this file. if (status .gt. 0)call printerror(status) end C ************************************************************************* subroutine writebintable C This routine creates a FITS binary table, or BINTABLE, containing C 3 columns and 6 rows. This routine is nearly identical to the C previous WRITEASCII routine, except that the call to FTGABC is not C needed, and FTPHBN is called rather than FTPHTB to write the C required header keywords. integer status,unit,readwrite,blocksize,hdutype,tfields,nrows integer varidat,diameter(6), colnum,frow,felem real density(6) character filename*40,extname*16 character*16 ttype(3),tform(3),tunit(3),name(6) data ttype/'Planet','Diameter','Density'/ data tform/'8A','1J','1E'/ data tunit/' ','km','g/cm'/ data name/'Mercury','Venus','Earth','Mars','Jupiter','Saturn'/ data diameter/4880,12112,12742,6800,143000,121000/ data density/5.1,5.3,5.52,3.94,1.33,0.69/ C The STATUS parameter must always be initialized. status=0 C Name of the FITS file to append the ASCII table to: filename='ATESTFILEZ.FITS' C Get an unused Logical Unit Number to use to open the FITS file. call ftgiou(unit,status) C Open the FITS file, with write access. readwrite=1 call ftopen(unit,filename,readwrite,blocksize,status) C Move to the last (2nd) HDU in the file (the ASCII table). call ftmahd(unit,2,hdutype,status) C Append/create a new empty HDU onto the end of the file and move to it. call ftcrhd(unit,status) C Define parameters for the binary table (see the above data statements) tfields=3 nrows=6 extname='PLANETS_BINARY' varidat=0 C FTPHBN writes all the required header keywords which define the C structure of the binary table. NROWS and TFIELDS gives the number of C rows and columns in the table, and the TTYPE, TFORM, and TUNIT arrays C give the column name, format, and units, respectively of each column. call ftphbn(unit,nrows,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit, & extname,varidat,status) C Write names to the first column, diameters to 2nd col., and density to 3rd C FTPCLS writes the string values to the NAME column (column 1) of the C table. The FTPCLJ and FTPCLE routines write the diameter (integer) and C density (real) value to the 2nd and 3rd columns. The FITSIO routines C are column oriented, so it is usually easier to read or write data in a C table in a column by column order rather than row by row. Note that C the identical subroutine calls are used to write to either ASCII or C binary FITS tables. frow=1 felem=1 colnum=1 call ftpcls(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nrows,name,status) colnum=2 call ftpclj(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nrows,diameter,status) colnum=3 call ftpcle(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nrows,density,status) C The FITS file must always be closed before exiting the program. C Any unit numbers allocated with FTGIOU must be freed with FTFIOU. call ftclos(unit, status) call ftfiou(unit, status) C Check for any error, and if so print out error messages. C The PRINTERROR subroutine is listed near the end of this file. if (status .gt. 0)call printerror(status) end C ************************************************************************* subroutine copyhdu C Copy the 1st and 3rd HDUs from the input file to a new FITS file integer status,inunit,outunit,readwrite,blocksize,morekeys,hdutype character infilename*40,outfilename*40 C The STATUS parameter must always be initialized. status=0 C Name of the FITS files: infilename='ATESTFILEZ.FITS' outfilename='BTESTFILEZ.FITS' C Delete the file if it already exists, so we can then recreate it C The deletefile subroutine is listed at the end of this file. call deletefile(outfilename,status) C Get unused Logical Unit Numbers to use to open the FITS files. call ftgiou(inunit,status) call ftgiou(outunit,status) C Open the input FITS file, with readonly access readwrite=0 call ftopen(inunit,infilename,readwrite,blocksize,status) C Create the new empty FITS file (value of blocksize is ignored) blocksize=1 call ftinit(outunit,outfilename,blocksize,status) C FTCOPY copies the current HDU from the input FITS file to the output C file. The MOREKEY parameter allows one to reserve space for additional C header keywords when the HDU is created. FITSIO will automatically C insert more header space if required, so programmers do not have to C reserve space ahead of time, although it is more efficient to do so if C it is known that more keywords will be appended to the header. morekeys=0 call ftcopy(inunit,outunit,morekeys,status) C Append/create a new empty extension on the end of the output file call ftcrhd(outunit,status) C Skip to the 3rd extension in the input file which in this case C is the binary table created by the previous WRITEBINARY routine. call ftmahd(inunit,3,hdutype,status) C FTCOPY now copies the binary table from the input FITS file C to the output file. call ftcopy(inunit,outunit,morekeys,status) C The FITS files must always be closed before exiting the program. C Any unit numbers allocated with FTGIOU must be freed with FTFIOU. C Giving -1 for the value of the first argument causes all previously C allocated unit numbers to be released. call ftclos(inunit, status) call ftclos(outunit, status) call ftfiou(-1, status) C Check for any error, and if so print out error messages. C The PRINTERROR subroutine is listed near the end of this file. if (status .gt. 0)call printerror(status) end C ************************************************************************* subroutine selectrows C This routine copies selected rows from an input table into a new output C FITS table. In this example all the rows in the input table that have C a value of the DENSITY column less that 3.0 are copied to the output C table. This program illustrates several generally useful techniques, C including: C how to locate the end of a FITS file C how to create a table when the total number of rows in the table C is not known until the table is completed C how to efficiently copy entire rows from one table to another. integer status,inunit,outunit,readwrite,blocksize,hdutype integer nkeys,nspace,naxes(2),nfound,colnum,frow,felem integer noutrows,irow,temp(100),i real nullval,density(6) character infilename*40,outfilename*40,record*80 logical exact,anynulls C The STATUS parameter must always be initialized. status=0 C Names of the FITS files: infilename='ATESTFILEZ.FITS' outfilename='BTESTFILEZ.FITS' C Get unused Logical Unit Numbers to use to open the FITS files. call ftgiou(inunit,status) call ftgiou(outunit,status) C The input FITS file is opened with READONLY access, and the output C FITS file is opened with WRITE access. readwrite=0 call ftopen(inunit,infilename,readwrite,blocksize,status) readwrite=1 call ftopen(outunit,outfilename,readwrite,blocksize,status) C move to the 3rd HDU in the input file (a binary table in this case) call ftmahd(inunit,3,hdutype,status) C This do-loop illustrates how to move to the last extension in any FITS C file. The call to FTMRHD moves one extension at a time through the C FITS file until an `End-of-file' status value (= 107) is returned. do while (status .eq. 0) call ftmrhd(outunit,1,hdutype,status) end do C After locating the end of the FITS file, it is necessary to reset the C status value to zero and also clear the internal error message stack C in FITSIO. The previous `End-of-file' error will have produced C an unimportant message on the error stack which can be cleared with C the call to the FTCMSG routine (which has no arguments). if (status .eq. 107)then status=0 call ftcmsg end if C Create a new empty extension in the output file. call ftcrhd(outunit,status) C Find the number of keywords in the input table header. call ftghsp(inunit,nkeys,nspace,status) C This do-loop of calls to FTGREC and FTPREC copies all the keywords from C the input to the output FITS file. Notice that the specified number C of rows in the output table, as given by the NAXIS2 keyword, will be C incorrect. This value will be modified later after it is known how many C rows will be in the table, so it does not matter how many rows are specified C initially. do i=1,nkeys call ftgrec(inunit,i,record,status) call ftprec(outunit,record,status) end do C FTGKNJ is used to get the value of the NAXIS1 and NAXIS2 keywords, C which define the width of the table in bytes, and the number of C rows in the table. call ftgknj(inunit,'NAXIS',1,2,naxes,nfound,status) C FTGCNO gets the column number of the `DENSITY' column; the column C number is needed when reading the data in the column. The EXACT C parameter determines whether or not the match to the column names C will be case sensitive. exact=.false. call ftgcno(inunit,exact,'DENSITY',colnum,status) C FTGCVE reads all 6 rows of data in the `DENSITY' column. The number C of rows in the table is given by NAXES(2). Any null values in the C table will be returned with the corresponding value set to -99 C (= the value of NULLVAL). The ANYNULLS parameter will be set to TRUE C if any null values were found while reading the data values in the table. frow=1 felem=1 nullval=-99. call ftgcve(inunit,colnum,frow,felem,naxes(2),nullval, & density,anynulls,status) C If the density is less than 3.0, copy the row to the output table. C FTGTBB and FTPTBB are low-level routines to read and write, respectively, C a specified number of bytes in the table, starting at the specified C row number and beginning byte within the row. These routines do C not do any interpretation of the bytes, and simply pass them to or C from the FITS file without any modification. This is a faster C way of transferring large chunks of data from one FITS file to another, C than reading and then writing each column of data individually. C In this case an entire row of bytes (the row length is specified C by the naxes(1) parameter) is transferred. The datatype of the C buffer array (TEMP in this case) is immaterial so long as it is C declared large enough to hold the required number of bytes. noutrows=0 do irow=1,naxes(2) if (density(irow) .lt. 3.0)then noutrows=noutrows+1 call ftgtbb(inunit,irow,1,naxes(1),temp,status) call ftptbb(outunit,noutrows,1,naxes(1),temp,status) end if end do C Update the NAXIS2 keyword with the correct no. of rows in the output file. C After all the rows have been written to the output table, the C FTMKYJ routine is used to overwrite the NAXIS2 keyword value with C the correct number of rows. Specifying `\&' for the comment string C tells FITSIO to keep the current comment string in the keyword and C only modify the value. Because the total number of rows in the table C was unknown when the table was first created, any value (including 0) C could have been used for the initial NAXIS2 keyword value. call ftmkyj(outunit,'NAXIS2',noutrows,'&',status) C The FITS files must always be closed before exiting the program. C Any unit numbers allocated with FTGIOU must be freed with FTFIOU. call ftclos(inunit, status) call ftclos(outunit, status) call ftfiou(-1, status) C Check for any error, and if so print out error messages. C The PRINTERROR subroutine is listed near the end of this file. if (status .gt. 0)call printerror(status) end C ************************************************************************* subroutine readheader C Print out all the header keywords in all extensions of a FITS file integer status,unit,readwrite,blocksize,nkeys,nspace,hdutype,i,j character filename*80,record*80 C The STATUS parameter must always be initialized. status=0 C Get an unused Logical Unit Number to use to open the FITS file. call ftgiou(unit,status) C name of FITS file filename='ATESTFILEZ.FITS' C open the FITS file, with read-only access. The returned BLOCKSIZE C parameter is obsolete and should be ignored. readwrite=0 call ftopen(unit,filename,readwrite,blocksize,status) j = 0 100 continue j = j + 1 print *,'Header listing for HDU', j C The FTGHSP subroutine returns the number of existing keywords in the C current header data unit (CHDU), not counting the required END keyword, call ftghsp(unit,nkeys,nspace,status) C Read each 80-character keyword record, and print it out. do i = 1, nkeys call ftgrec(unit,i,record,status) print *,record end do C Print out an END record, and a blank line to mark the end of the header. if (status .eq. 0)then print *,'END' print *,' ' end if C Try moving to the next extension in the FITS file, if it exists. C The FTMRHD subroutine attempts to move to the next HDU, as specified by C the second parameter. This subroutine moves by a relative number of C HDUs from the current HDU. The related FTMAHD routine may be used to C move to an absolute HDU number in the FITS file. If the end-of-file is C encountered when trying to move to the specified extension, then a C status = 107 is returned. call ftmrhd(unit,1,hdutype,status) if (status .eq. 0)then C success, so jump back and print out keywords in this extension go to 100 else if (status .eq. 107)then C hit end of file, so quit status=0 end if C The FITS file must always be closed before exiting the program. C Any unit numbers allocated with FTGIOU must be freed with FTFIOU. call ftclos(unit, status) call ftfiou(unit, status) C Check for any error, and if so print out error messages. C The PRINTERROR subroutine is listed near the end of this file. if (status .gt. 0)call printerror(status) end C ************************************************************************* subroutine readimage C Read a FITS image and determine the minimum and maximum pixel value. C Rather than reading the entire image in C at once (which could require a very large array), the image is read C in pieces, 100 pixels at a time. integer status,unit,readwrite,blocksize,naxes(2),nfound integer group,firstpix,nbuffer,npixels,i real datamin,datamax,nullval,buffer(100) logical anynull character filename*80 C The STATUS parameter must always be initialized. status=0 C Get an unused Logical Unit Number to use to open the FITS file. call ftgiou(unit,status) C Open the FITS file previously created by WRITEIMAGE filename='ATESTFILEZ.FITS' readwrite=0 call ftopen(unit,filename,readwrite,blocksize,status) C Determine the size of the image. call ftgknj(unit,'NAXIS',1,2,naxes,nfound,status) C Check that it found both NAXIS1 and NAXIS2 keywords. if (nfound .ne. 2)then print *,'READIMAGE failed to read the NAXISn keywords.' return end if C Initialize variables npixels=naxes(1)*naxes(2) group=1 firstpix=1 nullval=-999 datamin=1.0E30 datamax=-1.0E30 do while (npixels .gt. 0) C read up to 100 pixels at a time nbuffer=min(100,npixels) call ftgpve(unit,group,firstpix,nbuffer,nullval, & buffer,anynull,status) C find the min and max values do i=1,nbuffer datamin=min(datamin,buffer(i)) datamax=max(datamax,buffer(i)) end do C increment pointers and loop back to read the next group of pixels npixels=npixels-nbuffer firstpix=firstpix+nbuffer end do print * print *,'Min and max image pixels = ',datamin,datamax C The FITS file must always be closed before exiting the program. C Any unit numbers allocated with FTGIOU must be freed with FTFIOU. call ftclos(unit, status) call ftfiou(unit, status) C Check for any error, and if so print out error messages. C The PRINTERROR subroutine is listed near the end of this file. if (status .gt. 0)call printerror(status) end C ************************************************************************* subroutine readtable C Read and print data values from an ASCII or binary table C This example reads and prints out all the data in the ASCII and C the binary tables that were previously created by WRITEASCII and C WRITEBINTABLE. Note that the exact same FITSIO routines are C used to read both types of tables. integer status,unit,readwrite,blocksize,hdutype,ntable integer felem,nelems,nullj,diameter,nfound,irow,colnum real nulle,density(1) character filename*40,nullstr*1,name*8,ttype(3)*10 logical anynull C The STATUS parameter must always be initialized. status=0 C Get an unused Logical Unit Number to use to open the FITS file. call ftgiou(unit,status) C Open the FITS file previously created by WRITEIMAGE filename='ATESTFILEZ.FITS' readwrite=0 call ftopen(unit,filename,readwrite,blocksize,status) C Loop twice, first reading the ASCII table, then the binary table do ntable=2,3 C Move to the next extension call ftmahd(unit,ntable,hdutype,status) print *,' ' if (hdutype .eq. 1)then print *,'Reading ASCII table in HDU ',ntable else if (hdutype .eq. 2)then print *,'Reading binary table in HDU ',ntable end if C Read the TTYPEn keywords, which give the names of the columns call ftgkns(unit,'TTYPE',1,3,ttype,nfound,status) write(*,2000)ttype 2000 format(2x,"Row ",3a10) C Read the data, one row at a time, and print them out felem=1 nelems=1 nullstr=' ' nullj=0 nulle=0. do irow=1,6 C FTGCVS reads the NAMES from the first column of the table. colnum=1 call ftgcvs(unit,colnum,irow,felem,nelems,nullstr,name, & anynull,status) C FTGCVJ reads the DIAMETER values from the second column. colnum=2 call ftgcvj(unit,colnum,irow,felem,nelems,nullj,diameter, & anynull,status) C FTGCVE reads the DENSITY values from the third column. colnum=3 call ftgcve(unit,colnum,irow,felem,nelems,nulle,density, & anynull,status) write(*,2001)irow,name,diameter,density 2001 format(i5,a10,i10,f10.2) end do end do C The FITS file must always be closed before exiting the program. C Any unit numbers allocated with FTGIOU must be freed with FTFIOU. call ftclos(unit, status) call ftfiou(unit, status) C Check for any error, and if so print out error messages. C The PRINTERROR subroutine is listed near the end of this file. if (status .gt. 0)call printerror(status) end C ************************************************************************* subroutine printerror(status) C This subroutine prints out the descriptive text corresponding to the C error status value and prints out the contents of the internal C error message stack generated by FITSIO whenever an error occurs. integer status character errtext*30,errmessage*80 C Check if status is OK (no error); if so, simply return if (status .le. 0)return C The FTGERR subroutine returns a descriptive 30-character text string that C corresponds to the integer error status number. A complete list of all C the error numbers can be found in the back of the FITSIO User's Guide. call ftgerr(status,errtext) print *,'FITSIO Error Status =',status,': ',errtext C FITSIO usually generates an internal stack of error messages whenever C an error occurs. These messages provide much more information on the C cause of the problem than can be provided by the single integer error C status value. The FTGMSG subroutine retrieves the oldest message from C the stack and shifts any remaining messages on the stack down one C position. FTGMSG is called repeatedly until a blank message is C returned, which indicates that the stack is empty. Each error message C may be up to 80 characters in length. Another subroutine, called C FTCMSG, is available to simply clear the whole error message stack in C cases where one is not interested in the contents. call ftgmsg(errmessage) do while (errmessage .ne. ' ') print *,errmessage call ftgmsg(errmessage) end do end C ************************************************************************* subroutine deletefile(filename,status) C A simple little routine to delete a FITS file integer status,unit,blocksize character*(*) filename C Simply return if status is greater than zero if (status .gt. 0)return C Get an unused Logical Unit Number to use to open the FITS file call ftgiou(unit,status) C Try to open the file, to see if it exists call ftopen(unit,filename,1,blocksize,status) if (status .eq. 0)then C file was opened; so now delete it call ftdelt(unit,status) else if (status .eq. 103)then C file doesn't exist, so just reset status to zero and clear errors status=0 call ftcmsg else C there was some other error opening the file; delete the file anyway status=0 call ftcmsg call ftdelt(unit,status) end if C Free the unit number for later reuse call ftfiou(unit, status) end cfitsio-4.3.1/edithdu.c0000644000225700000360000007772713640736632014275 0ustar cagordonlhea/* This file, edithdu.c, contains the FITSIO routines related to */ /* copying, inserting, or deleting HDUs in a FITS file */ /* The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy */ /* Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA */ /* Goddard Space Flight Center. */ #include #include #include "fitsio2.h" /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffcopy(fitsfile *infptr, /* I - FITS file pointer to input file */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* I - FITS file pointer to output file */ int morekeys, /* I - reserve space in output header */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* copy the CHDU from infptr to the CHDU of outfptr. This will also allocate space in the output header for MOREKY keywords */ { int nspace; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (infptr == outfptr) return(*status = SAME_FILE); if (ffcphd(infptr, outfptr, status) > 0) /* copy the header keywords */ return(*status); if (morekeys > 0) { ffhdef(outfptr, morekeys, status); /* reserve space for more keywords */ } else { if (ffghsp(infptr, NULL, &nspace, status) > 0) /* get existing space */ return(*status); if (nspace > 0) { ffhdef(outfptr, nspace, status); /* preserve same amount of space */ if (nspace >= 35) { /* There is at least 1 full empty FITS block in the header. */ /* Physically write the END keyword at the beginning of the */ /* last block to preserve this extra space now rather than */ /* later. This is needed by the stream: driver which cannot */ /* seek back to the header to write the END keyword later. */ ffwend(outfptr, status); } } } ffcpdt(infptr, outfptr, status); /* now copy the data unit */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffcpfl(fitsfile *infptr, /* I - FITS file pointer to input file */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* I - FITS file pointer to output file */ int previous, /* I - copy any previous HDUs? */ int current, /* I - copy the current HDU? */ int following, /* I - copy any following HDUs? */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* copy all or part of the input file to the output file. */ { int hdunum, ii; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (infptr == outfptr) return(*status = SAME_FILE); ffghdn(infptr, &hdunum); if (previous) { /* copy any previous HDUs */ for (ii=1; ii < hdunum; ii++) { ffmahd(infptr, ii, NULL, status); ffcopy(infptr, outfptr, 0, status); } } if (current && (*status <= 0) ) { /* copy current HDU */ ffmahd(infptr, hdunum, NULL, status); ffcopy(infptr, outfptr, 0, status); } if (following && (*status <= 0) ) { /* copy any remaining HDUs */ ii = hdunum + 1; while (1) { if (ffmahd(infptr, ii, NULL, status) ) { /* reset expected end of file status */ if (*status == END_OF_FILE) *status = 0; break; } if (ffcopy(infptr, outfptr, 0, status)) break; /* quit on unexpected error */ ii++; } } ffmahd(infptr, hdunum, NULL, status); /* restore initial position */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffcphd(fitsfile *infptr, /* I - FITS file pointer to input file */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* I - FITS file pointer to output file */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* copy the header keywords from infptr to outfptr. */ { int nkeys, ii, inPrim = 0, outPrim = 0; long naxis, naxes[1]; char *card, comm[FLEN_COMMENT]; char *tmpbuff; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (infptr == outfptr) return(*status = SAME_FILE); /* set the input pointer to the correct HDU */ if (infptr->HDUposition != (infptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(infptr, (infptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); if (ffghsp(infptr, &nkeys, NULL, status) > 0) /* get no. of keywords */ return(*status); /* create a memory buffer to hold the header records */ tmpbuff = (char*) malloc(nkeys*FLEN_CARD*sizeof(char)); if (!tmpbuff) return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION); /* read all of the header records in the input HDU */ for (ii = 0; ii < nkeys; ii++) ffgrec(infptr, ii+1, tmpbuff + (ii * FLEN_CARD), status); if (infptr->HDUposition == 0) /* set flag if this is the Primary HDU */ inPrim = 1; /* if input is an image hdu, get the number of axes */ naxis = -1; /* negative if HDU is a table */ if ((infptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) ffgkyj(infptr, "NAXIS", &naxis, NULL, status); /* set the output pointer to the correct HDU */ if (outfptr->HDUposition != (outfptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(outfptr, (outfptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* check if output header is empty; if not create new empty HDU */ if ((outfptr->Fptr)->headend != (outfptr->Fptr)->headstart[(outfptr->Fptr)->curhdu] ) ffcrhd(outfptr, status); if (outfptr->HDUposition == 0) { if (naxis < 0) { /* the input HDU is a table, so we have to create */ /* a dummy Primary array before copying it to the output */ ffcrim(outfptr, 8, 0, naxes, status); ffcrhd(outfptr, status); /* create new empty HDU */ } else { /* set flag that this is the Primary HDU */ outPrim = 1; } } if (*status > 0) /* check for errors before proceeding */ { free(tmpbuff); return(*status); } if ( inPrim == 1 && outPrim == 0 ) { /* copying from primary array to image extension */ strcpy(comm, "IMAGE extension"); ffpkys(outfptr, "XTENSION", "IMAGE", comm, status); /* copy BITPIX through NAXISn keywords */ for (ii = 1; ii < 3 + naxis; ii++) { card = tmpbuff + (ii * FLEN_CARD); ffprec(outfptr, card, status); } strcpy(comm, "number of random group parameters"); ffpkyj(outfptr, "PCOUNT", 0, comm, status); strcpy(comm, "number of random groups"); ffpkyj(outfptr, "GCOUNT", 1, comm, status); /* copy remaining keywords, excluding EXTEND, and reference COMMENT keywords */ for (ii = 3 + naxis ; ii < nkeys; ii++) { card = tmpbuff+(ii * FLEN_CARD); if (FSTRNCMP(card, "EXTEND ", 8) && FSTRNCMP(card, "COMMENT FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) format is", 58) && FSTRNCMP(card, "COMMENT and Astrophysics', volume 376, page 3", 47) ) { ffprec(outfptr, card, status); } } } else if ( inPrim == 0 && outPrim == 1 ) { /* copying between image extension and primary array */ strcpy(comm, "file does conform to FITS standard"); ffpkyl(outfptr, "SIMPLE", TRUE, comm, status); /* copy BITPIX through NAXISn keywords */ for (ii = 1; ii < 3 + naxis; ii++) { card = tmpbuff + (ii * FLEN_CARD); ffprec(outfptr, card, status); } /* add the EXTEND keyword */ strcpy(comm, "FITS dataset may contain extensions"); ffpkyl(outfptr, "EXTEND", TRUE, comm, status); /* write standard block of self-documentating comments */ ffprec(outfptr, "COMMENT FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) format is defined in 'Astronomy", status); ffprec(outfptr, "COMMENT and Astrophysics', volume 376, page 359; bibcode: 2001A&A...376..359H", status); /* copy remaining keywords, excluding pcount, gcount */ for (ii = 3 + naxis; ii < nkeys; ii++) { card = tmpbuff+(ii * FLEN_CARD); if (FSTRNCMP(card, "PCOUNT ", 8) && FSTRNCMP(card, "GCOUNT ", 8)) { ffprec(outfptr, card, status); } } } else { /* input and output HDUs are same type; simply copy all keywords */ for (ii = 0; ii < nkeys; ii++) { card = tmpbuff+(ii * FLEN_CARD); ffprec(outfptr, card, status); } } free(tmpbuff); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffcpht(fitsfile *infptr, /* I - FITS file pointer to input file */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* I - FITS file pointer to output file */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - number of first row to copy (1 based) */ LONGLONG nrows, /* I - number of rows to copy */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy the table structure from an existing table HDU, but only copy a limited row range. All header keywords from the input table are copied directly, but NAXSI2 and PCOUNT are set to their correct values. */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* Copy the header only */ ffcphd(infptr, outfptr, status); /* Note that we now have a copied header that describes the table, and that is the current header, but the original number of table rows and heap area sizes are still there. */ /* Zero out the size-related keywords */ if (! *status ) { ffukyj(outfptr,"NAXIS2",0,0,status); /* NAXIS2 = 0 */ ffukyj(outfptr,"PCOUNT",0,0,status); /* PCOUNT = 0 */ /* Update the internal structure variables within CFITSIO now that we have a valid table header */ ffrdef(outfptr,status); } /* OK now that we have a pristine HDU, copy the requested rows */ if (! *status && nrows > 0) { ffcprw(infptr, outfptr, firstrow, nrows, status); } return (*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffcpdt(fitsfile *infptr, /* I - FITS file pointer to input file */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* I - FITS file pointer to output file */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* copy the data unit from the CHDU of infptr to the CHDU of outfptr. This will overwrite any data already in the outfptr CHDU. */ long nb, ii; LONGLONG indatastart, indataend, outdatastart; char buffer[2880]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (infptr == outfptr) return(*status = SAME_FILE); ffghadll(infptr, NULL, &indatastart, &indataend, status); ffghadll(outfptr, NULL, &outdatastart, NULL, status); /* Calculate the number of blocks to be copied */ nb = (long) ((indataend - indatastart) / 2880); if (nb > 0) { if (infptr->Fptr == outfptr->Fptr) { /* copying between 2 HDUs in the SAME file */ for (ii = 0; ii < nb; ii++) { ffmbyt(infptr, indatastart, REPORT_EOF, status); ffgbyt(infptr, 2880L, buffer, status); /* read input block */ ffmbyt(outfptr, outdatastart, IGNORE_EOF, status); ffpbyt(outfptr, 2880L, buffer, status); /* write output block */ indatastart += 2880; /* move address */ outdatastart += 2880; /* move address */ } } else { /* copying between HDUs in separate files */ /* move to the initial copy position in each of the files */ ffmbyt(infptr, indatastart, REPORT_EOF, status); ffmbyt(outfptr, outdatastart, IGNORE_EOF, status); for (ii = 0; ii < nb; ii++) { ffgbyt(infptr, 2880L, buffer, status); /* read input block */ ffpbyt(outfptr, 2880L, buffer, status); /* write output block */ } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffwrhdu(fitsfile *infptr, /* I - FITS file pointer to input file */ FILE *outstream, /* I - stream to write HDU to */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { /* write the data unit from the CHDU of infptr to the output file stream */ long nb, ii; LONGLONG hdustart, hduend; char buffer[2880]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); ffghadll(infptr, &hdustart, NULL, &hduend, status); nb = (long) ((hduend - hdustart) / 2880); /* number of blocks to copy */ if (nb > 0) { /* move to the start of the HDU */ ffmbyt(infptr, hdustart, REPORT_EOF, status); for (ii = 0; ii < nb; ii++) { ffgbyt(infptr, 2880L, buffer, status); /* read input block */ fwrite(buffer, 1, 2880, outstream ); /* write to output stream */ } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffiimg(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int bitpix, /* I - bits per pixel */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the array */ long *naxes, /* I - size of each axis */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* insert an IMAGE extension following the current HDU */ { LONGLONG tnaxes[99]; int ii; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (naxis > 99) { ffpmsg("NAXIS value is too large (>99) (ffiimg)"); return(*status = 212); } for (ii = 0; (ii < naxis); ii++) tnaxes[ii] = naxes[ii]; ffiimgll(fptr, bitpix, naxis, tnaxes, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffiimgll(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int bitpix, /* I - bits per pixel */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the array */ LONGLONG *naxes, /* I - size of each axis */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* insert an IMAGE extension following the current HDU */ { int bytlen, nexthdu, maxhdu, ii, onaxis; long nblocks; LONGLONG npixels, newstart, datasize; char errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG], card[FLEN_CARD], naxiskey[FLEN_KEYWORD]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); maxhdu = (fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu; if (*status != PREPEND_PRIMARY) { /* if the current header is completely empty ... */ if (( (fptr->Fptr)->headend == (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu]) /* or, if we are at the end of the file, ... */ || ( (((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) == maxhdu ) && ((fptr->Fptr)->headstart[maxhdu + 1] >= (fptr->Fptr)->logfilesize ) ) ) { /* then simply append new image extension */ ffcrimll(fptr, bitpix, naxis, naxes, status); return(*status); } } if (bitpix == 8) bytlen = 1; else if (bitpix == 16) bytlen = 2; else if (bitpix == 32 || bitpix == -32) bytlen = 4; else if (bitpix == 64 || bitpix == -64) bytlen = 8; else { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal value for BITPIX keyword: %d", bitpix); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_BITPIX); /* illegal bitpix value */ } if (naxis < 0 || naxis > 999) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal value for NAXIS keyword: %d", naxis); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_NAXIS); } for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { if (naxes[ii] < 0) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal value for NAXIS%d keyword: %ld", ii + 1, (long) naxes[ii]); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_NAXES); } } /* calculate number of pixels in the image */ if (naxis == 0) npixels = 0; else npixels = naxes[0]; for (ii = 1; ii < naxis; ii++) npixels = npixels * naxes[ii]; datasize = npixels * bytlen; /* size of image in bytes */ nblocks = (long) (((datasize + 2879) / 2880) + 1); /* +1 for the header */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->writemode == READWRITE) /* must have write access */ { /* close the CHDU */ ffrdef(fptr, status); /* scan header to redefine structure */ ffpdfl(fptr, status); /* insure correct data file values */ } else return(*status = READONLY_FILE); if (*status == PREPEND_PRIMARY) { /* inserting a new primary array; the current primary */ /* array must be transformed into an image extension. */ *status = 0; ffmahd(fptr, 1, NULL, status); /* move to the primary array */ ffgidm(fptr, &onaxis, status); if (onaxis > 0) ffkeyn("NAXIS",onaxis, naxiskey, status); else strcpy(naxiskey, "NAXIS"); ffgcrd(fptr, naxiskey, card, status); /* read last NAXIS keyword */ ffikyj(fptr, "PCOUNT", 0, "required keyword", status); /* add PCOUNT and */ ffikyj(fptr, "GCOUNT", 1, "required keyword", status); /* GCOUNT keywords */ if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (ffdkey(fptr, "EXTEND", status) ) /* delete the EXTEND keyword */ *status = 0; /* redefine internal structure for this HDU */ ffrdef(fptr, status); /* insert space for the primary array */ if (ffiblk(fptr, nblocks, -1, status) > 0) /* insert the blocks */ return(*status); nexthdu = 0; /* number of the new hdu */ newstart = 0; /* starting addr of HDU */ } else { nexthdu = ((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) + 1; /* number of the next (new) hdu */ newstart = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[nexthdu]; /* save starting addr of HDU */ (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype = IMAGE_HDU; /* so that correct fill value is used */ /* ffiblk also increments headstart for all following HDUs */ if (ffiblk(fptr, nblocks, 1, status) > 0) /* insert the blocks */ return(*status); } ((fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu)++; /* increment known number of HDUs in the file */ for (ii = (fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu; ii > (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu; ii--) (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ii + 1] = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ii]; /* incre start addr */ if (nexthdu == 0) (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[1] = nblocks * 2880; /* start of the old Primary array */ (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[nexthdu] = newstart; /* set starting addr of HDU */ /* set default parameters for this new empty HDU */ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu = nexthdu; /* we are now located at the next HDU */ fptr->HDUposition = nexthdu; /* we are now located at the next HDU */ (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[nexthdu]; (fptr->Fptr)->headend = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[nexthdu]; (fptr->Fptr)->datastart = ((fptr->Fptr)->headstart[nexthdu]) + 2880; (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype = IMAGE_HDU; /* might need to be reset... */ /* write the required header keywords */ ffphprll(fptr, TRUE, bitpix, naxis, naxes, 0, 1, TRUE, status); /* redefine internal structure for this HDU */ ffrdef(fptr, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffitab(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ LONGLONG naxis1, /* I - width of row in the table */ LONGLONG naxis2, /* I - number of rows in the table */ int tfields, /* I - number of columns in the table */ char **ttype, /* I - name of each column */ long *tbcol, /* I - byte offset in row to each column */ char **tform, /* I - value of TFORMn keyword for each column */ char **tunit, /* I - value of TUNITn keyword for each column */ const char *extnmx, /* I - value of EXTNAME keyword, if any */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* insert an ASCII table extension following the current HDU */ { int nexthdu, maxhdu, ii, nunit, nhead, ncols, gotmem = 0; long nblocks, rowlen; LONGLONG datasize, newstart; char errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG], extnm[FLEN_VALUE]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); extnm[0] = '\0'; if (extnmx) strncat(extnm, extnmx, FLEN_VALUE-1); if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); maxhdu = (fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu; /* if the current header is completely empty ... */ if (( (fptr->Fptr)->headend == (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu] ) /* or, if we are at the end of the file, ... */ || ( (((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) == maxhdu ) && ((fptr->Fptr)->headstart[maxhdu + 1] >= (fptr->Fptr)->logfilesize ) ) ) { /* then simply append new image extension */ ffcrtb(fptr, ASCII_TBL, naxis2, tfields, ttype, tform, tunit, extnm, status); return(*status); } if (naxis1 < 0) return(*status = NEG_WIDTH); else if (naxis2 < 0) return(*status = NEG_ROWS); else if (tfields < 0 || tfields > 999) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal value for TFIELDS keyword: %d", tfields); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_TFIELDS); } /* count number of optional TUNIT keywords to be written */ nunit = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < tfields; ii++) { if (tunit && *tunit && *tunit[ii]) nunit++; } if (*extnm) nunit++; /* add one for the EXTNAME keyword */ rowlen = (long) naxis1; if (!tbcol || !tbcol[0] || (!naxis1 && tfields)) /* spacing not defined? */ { /* allocate mem for tbcol; malloc may have problems allocating small */ /* arrays, so allocate at least 20 bytes */ ncols = maxvalue(5, tfields); tbcol = (long *) calloc(ncols, sizeof(long)); if (tbcol) { gotmem = 1; /* calculate width of a row and starting position of each column. */ /* Each column will be separated by 1 blank space */ ffgabc(tfields, tform, 1, &rowlen, tbcol, status); } } nhead = (9 + (3 * tfields) + nunit + 35) / 36; /* no. of header blocks */ datasize = (LONGLONG)rowlen * naxis2; /* size of table in bytes */ nblocks = (long) (((datasize + 2879) / 2880) + nhead); /* size of HDU */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->writemode == READWRITE) /* must have write access */ { /* close the CHDU */ ffrdef(fptr, status); /* scan header to redefine structure */ ffpdfl(fptr, status); /* insure correct data file values */ } else return(*status = READONLY_FILE); nexthdu = ((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) + 1; /* number of the next (new) hdu */ newstart = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[nexthdu]; /* save starting addr of HDU */ (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype = ASCII_TBL; /* so that correct fill value is used */ /* ffiblk also increments headstart for all following HDUs */ if (ffiblk(fptr, nblocks, 1, status) > 0) /* insert the blocks */ { if (gotmem) free(tbcol); return(*status); } ((fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu)++; /* increment known number of HDUs in the file */ for (ii = (fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu; ii > (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu; ii--) (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ii + 1] = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ii]; /* incre start addr */ (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[nexthdu] = newstart; /* set starting addr of HDU */ /* set default parameters for this new empty HDU */ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu = nexthdu; /* we are now located at the next HDU */ fptr->HDUposition = nexthdu; /* we are now located at the next HDU */ (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[nexthdu]; (fptr->Fptr)->headend = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[nexthdu]; (fptr->Fptr)->datastart = ((fptr->Fptr)->headstart[nexthdu]) + (nhead * 2880); (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype = ASCII_TBL; /* might need to be reset... */ /* write the required header keywords */ ffphtb(fptr, rowlen, naxis2, tfields, ttype, tbcol, tform, tunit, extnm, status); if (gotmem) free(tbcol); /* redefine internal structure for this HDU */ ffrdef(fptr, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffibin(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ LONGLONG naxis2, /* I - number of rows in the table */ int tfields, /* I - number of columns in the table */ char **ttype, /* I - name of each column */ char **tform, /* I - value of TFORMn keyword for each column */ char **tunit, /* I - value of TUNITn keyword for each column */ const char *extnmx, /* I - value of EXTNAME keyword, if any */ LONGLONG pcount, /* I - size of special data area (heap) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* insert a Binary table extension following the current HDU */ { int nexthdu, maxhdu, ii, nunit, nhead, datacode; LONGLONG naxis1; long nblocks, repeat, width; LONGLONG datasize, newstart; char errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG], extnm[FLEN_VALUE]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); extnm[0] = '\0'; if (extnmx) strncat(extnm, extnmx, FLEN_VALUE-1); if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); maxhdu = (fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu; /* if the current header is completely empty ... */ if (( (fptr->Fptr)->headend == (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu] ) /* or, if we are at the end of the file, ... */ || ( (((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) == maxhdu ) && ((fptr->Fptr)->headstart[maxhdu + 1] >= (fptr->Fptr)->logfilesize ) ) ) { /* then simply append new image extension */ ffcrtb(fptr, BINARY_TBL, naxis2, tfields, ttype, tform, tunit, extnm, status); return(*status); } if (naxis2 < 0) return(*status = NEG_ROWS); else if (tfields < 0 || tfields > 999) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal value for TFIELDS keyword: %d", tfields); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_TFIELDS); } /* count number of optional TUNIT keywords to be written */ nunit = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < tfields; ii++) { if (tunit && *tunit && *tunit[ii]) nunit++; } if (*extnm) nunit++; /* add one for the EXTNAME keyword */ nhead = (9 + (2 * tfields) + nunit + 35) / 36; /* no. of header blocks */ /* calculate total width of the table */ naxis1 = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < tfields; ii++) { ffbnfm(tform[ii], &datacode, &repeat, &width, status); if (datacode == TBIT) naxis1 = naxis1 + ((repeat + 7) / 8); else if (datacode == TSTRING) naxis1 += repeat; else naxis1 = naxis1 + (repeat * width); } datasize = ((LONGLONG)naxis1 * naxis2) + pcount; /* size of table in bytes */ nblocks = (long) ((datasize + 2879) / 2880) + nhead; /* size of HDU */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->writemode == READWRITE) /* must have write access */ { /* close the CHDU */ ffrdef(fptr, status); /* scan header to redefine structure */ ffpdfl(fptr, status); /* insure correct data file values */ } else return(*status = READONLY_FILE); nexthdu = ((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) + 1; /* number of the next (new) hdu */ newstart = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[nexthdu]; /* save starting addr of HDU */ (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype = BINARY_TBL; /* so that correct fill value is used */ /* ffiblk also increments headstart for all following HDUs */ if (ffiblk(fptr, nblocks, 1, status) > 0) /* insert the blocks */ return(*status); ((fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu)++; /* increment known number of HDUs in the file */ for (ii = (fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu; ii > (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu; ii--) (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ii + 1] = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ii]; /* incre start addr */ (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[nexthdu] = newstart; /* set starting addr of HDU */ /* set default parameters for this new empty HDU */ (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu = nexthdu; /* we are now located at the next HDU */ fptr->HDUposition = nexthdu; /* we are now located at the next HDU */ (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[nexthdu]; (fptr->Fptr)->headend = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[nexthdu]; (fptr->Fptr)->datastart = ((fptr->Fptr)->headstart[nexthdu]) + (nhead * 2880); (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype = BINARY_TBL; /* might need to be reset... */ /* write the required header keywords. This will write PCOUNT = 0 */ /* so that the variable length data will be written at the right place */ ffphbn(fptr, naxis2, tfields, ttype, tform, tunit, extnm, pcount, status); /* redefine internal structure for this HDU (with PCOUNT = 0) */ ffrdef(fptr, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffdhdu(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *hdutype, /* O - type of the new CHDU after deletion */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Delete the CHDU. If the CHDU is the primary array, then replace the HDU with an empty primary array with no data. Return the type of the new CHDU after the old CHDU is deleted. */ { int tmptype = 0; long nblocks, ii, naxes[1]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu == 0) /* replace primary array with null image */ { /* ignore any existing keywords */ (fptr->Fptr)->headend = 0; (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey = 0; /* write default primary array header */ ffphpr(fptr,1,8,0,naxes,0,1,1,status); /* calc number of blocks to delete (leave just 1 block) */ nblocks = (long) (( (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu + 1] - 2880 ) / 2880); /* ffdblk also updates the starting address of all following HDUs */ if (nblocks > 0) { if (ffdblk(fptr, nblocks, status) > 0) /* delete the HDU */ return(*status); } /* this might not be necessary, but is doesn't hurt */ (fptr->Fptr)->datastart = DATA_UNDEFINED; ffrdef(fptr, status); /* reinitialize the primary array */ } else { /* calc number of blocks to delete */ nblocks = (long) (( (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu + 1] - (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu] ) / 2880); /* ffdblk also updates the starting address of all following HDUs */ if (ffdblk(fptr, nblocks, status) > 0) /* delete the HDU */ return(*status); /* delete the CHDU from the list of HDUs */ for (ii = (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu + 1; ii <= (fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu; ii++) (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ii] = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[ii + 1]; (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu + 1] = 0; ((fptr->Fptr)->maxhdu)--; /* decrement the known number of HDUs */ if (ffrhdu(fptr, &tmptype, status) > 0) /* initialize next HDU */ { /* failed (end of file?), so move back one HDU */ *status = 0; ffcmsg(); /* clear extraneous error messages */ ffgext(fptr, ((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) - 1, &tmptype, status); } } if (hdutype) *hdutype = tmptype; return(*status); } cfitsio-4.3.1/putcoll.c0000644000225700000360000003315513472024437014310 0ustar cagordonlhea/* This file, putcoll.c, contains routines that write data elements to */ /* a FITS image or table, with logical datatype. */ /* The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy */ /* Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA */ /* Goddard Space Flight Center. */ #include #include #include "fitsio2.h" /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpcll( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ char *array, /* I - array of values to write */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of logical values to a column in the current FITS HDU. */ { int tcode, maxelem, hdutype; long twidth, incre; LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, wrtptr, rowlen, rownum, remain, next, tnull; double scale, zero; char tform[20], ctrue = 'T', cfalse = 'F'; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; char snull[20]; /* the FITS null value */ if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /*---------------------------------------------------*/ /* Check input and get parameters about the column: */ /*---------------------------------------------------*/ if (ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, &scale, &zero, tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem, &startpos, &elemnum, &incre, &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0) return(*status); if (tcode != TLOGICAL) return(*status = NOT_LOGICAL_COL); /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Now write the logical values one at a time to the FITS column. */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ remain = nelem; /* remaining number of values to write */ next = 0; /* next element in array to be written */ rownum = 0; /* row number, relative to firstrow */ while (remain) { wrtptr = startpos + (rowlen * rownum) + (elemnum * incre); ffmbyt(fptr, wrtptr, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* move to write position */ if (array[next]) ffpbyt(fptr, 1, &ctrue, status); else ffpbyt(fptr, 1, &cfalse, status); if (*status > 0) /* test for error during previous write operation */ { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error writing element %.0f of input array of logicals (ffpcll).", (double) (next+1)); ffpmsg(message); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------*/ /* increment the counters for the next loop */ /*--------------------------------------------*/ remain--; if (remain) { next++; elemnum++; if (elemnum == repeat) /* completed a row; start on next row */ { elemnum = 0; rownum++; } } } /* End of main while Loop */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpcnl( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ char *array, /* I - array of values to write */ char nulvalue, /* I - array flagging undefined pixels if true */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of elements to the specified column of a table. Any input pixels flagged as null will be replaced by the appropriate null value in the output FITS file. */ { tcolumn *colptr; LONGLONG ngood = 0, nbad = 0, ii; LONGLONG repeat, first, fstelm, fstrow; int tcode; if (*status > 0) return(*status); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) { ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); } else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) { if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); } colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to correct column structure */ tcode = colptr->tdatatype; if (tcode > 0) repeat = colptr->trepeat; /* repeat count for this column */ else repeat = firstelem -1 + nelem; /* variable length arrays */ /* first write the whole input vector, then go back and fill in the nulls */ if (ffpcll(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, array, status) > 0) return(*status); /* absolute element number in the column */ first = (firstrow - 1) * repeat + firstelem; for (ii = 0; ii < nelem; ii++) { if (array[ii] != nulvalue) /* is this a good pixel? */ { if (nbad) /* write previous string of bad pixels */ { fstelm = ii - nbad + first; /* absolute element number */ fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1; /* starting row number */ fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat; /* relative number */ if (ffpclu(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, nbad, status) > 0) return(*status); nbad=0; } ngood = ngood +1; /* the consecutive number of good pixels */ } else { if (ngood) /* write previous string of good pixels */ { fstelm = ii - ngood + first; /* absolute element number */ fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1; /* starting row number */ fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat; /* relative number */ /* good values have already been written if (ffpcll(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, ngood, &array[ii-ngood], status) > 0) return(*status); */ ngood=0; } nbad = nbad +1; /* the consecutive number of bad pixels */ } } /* finished loop; now just write the last set of pixels */ if (ngood) /* write last string of good pixels */ { fstelm = ii - ngood + first; /* absolute element number */ fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1; /* starting row number */ fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat; /* relative number */ /* these have already been written ffpcll(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, ngood, &array[ii-ngood], status); */ } else if (nbad) /* write last string of bad pixels */ { fstelm = ii - nbad + first; /* absolute element number */ fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1; /* starting row number */ fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat; /* relative number */ ffpclu(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, nbad, status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpclx( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG frow, /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row) */ long fbit, /* I - first bit to write (1 = 1st) */ long nbit, /* I - number of bits to write */ char *larray, /* I - array of logicals corresponding to bits */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* write an array of logical values to a specified bit or byte column of the binary table. If larray is TRUE, then the corresponding bit is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0. The binary table column being written to must have datatype 'B' or 'X'. */ { LONGLONG offset, bstart, repeat, rowlen, elemnum, rstart, estart, tnull; long fbyte, lbyte, nbyte, bitloc, ndone; long ii, twidth, incre; int tcode, descrp, maxelem, hdutype; double dummyd; char tform[12], snull[12]; unsigned char cbuff; static unsigned char onbit[8] = {128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1}; static unsigned char offbit[8] = {127, 191, 223, 239, 247, 251, 253, 254}; LONGLONG heapoffset, lrepeat; tcolumn *colptr; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* check input parameters */ if (nbit < 1) return(*status); else if (frow < 1) return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM); else if (fbit < 1) return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */ else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) return(*status); fbyte = (fbit + 7) / 8; lbyte = (fbit + nbit + 6) / 8; nbyte = lbyte - fbyte +1; /* Save the current heapsize; ffgcprll will increment the value if */ /* we are writing to a variable length column. */ offset = (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize; /* call ffgcprll in case we are writing beyond the current end of */ /* the table; it will allocate more space and shift any following */ /* HDU's. Otherwise, we have little use for most of the returned */ /* parameters, therefore just use dummy parameters. */ if (ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, frow, fbyte, nbyte, 1, &dummyd, &dummyd, tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem, &bstart, &elemnum, &incre, &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0) return(*status); bitloc = fbit - 1 - ((fbit - 1) / 8 * 8); ndone = 0; rstart = frow - 1; estart = fbyte - 1; colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* offset to correct column structure */ tcode = colptr->tdatatype; if (abs(tcode) > TBYTE) return(*status = NOT_LOGICAL_COL); /* not correct datatype column */ if (tcode > 0) { descrp = FALSE; /* not a variable length descriptor column */ repeat = colptr->trepeat; if (tcode == TBIT) repeat = (repeat + 7) / 8; /* convert from bits to bytes */ if (fbyte > repeat) return(*status = BAD_ELEM_NUM); /* calc the i/o pointer location to start of sequence of pixels */ bstart = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + ((fptr->Fptr)->rowlength * rstart) + colptr->tbcol + estart; } else { descrp = TRUE; /* a variable length descriptor column */ /* only bit arrays (tform = 'X') are supported for variable */ /* length arrays. REPEAT is the number of BITS in the array. */ repeat = fbit + nbit -1; /* write the number of elements and the starting offset. */ /* Note: ffgcprll previous wrote the descripter, but with the */ /* wrong repeat value (gave bytes instead of bits). */ /* Make sure to not change the current heap offset value! */ if (tcode == -TBIT) { ffgdesll(fptr, colnum, frow, &lrepeat, &heapoffset, status); ffpdes( fptr, colnum, frow, (long) repeat, heapoffset, status); } /* Calc the i/o pointer location to start of sequence of pixels. */ /* ffgcprll has already calculated a value for bstart that */ /* points to the first element of the vector; we just have to */ /* increment it to point to the first element we want to write to. */ /* Note: ffgcprll also already updated the size of the heap, so we */ /* don't have to do that again here. */ bstart += estart; } /* move the i/o pointer to the start of the pixel sequence */ ffmbyt(fptr, bstart, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* read the next byte (we may only be modifying some of the bits) */ while (1) { if (ffgbyt(fptr, 1, &cbuff, status) == END_OF_FILE) { /* hit end of file trying to read the byte, so just set byte = 0 */ *status = 0; cbuff = 0; } /* move back, to be able to overwrite the byte */ ffmbyt(fptr, bstart, IGNORE_EOF, status); for (ii = bitloc; (ii < 8) && (ndone < nbit); ii++, ndone++) { if(larray[ndone]) cbuff = cbuff | onbit[ii]; else cbuff = cbuff & offbit[ii]; } ffpbyt(fptr, 1, &cbuff, status); /* write the modified byte */ if (ndone == nbit) /* finished all the bits */ return(*status); /* not done, so get the next byte */ bstart++; if (!descrp) { estart++; if (estart == repeat) { /* move the i/o pointer to the next row of pixels */ estart = 0; rstart = rstart + 1; bstart = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + ((fptr->Fptr)->rowlength * rstart) + colptr->tbcol; ffmbyt(fptr, bstart, IGNORE_EOF, status); } } bitloc = 0; } } cfitsio-4.3.1/putkey.c0000644000225700000360000035760114523006234014145 0ustar cagordonlhea/* This file, putkey.c, contains routines that write keywords to */ /* a FITS header. */ /* The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy */ /* Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA */ /* Goddard Space Flight Center. */ #include #include #include #include /* stddef.h is apparently needed to define size_t */ #include #include "fitsio2.h" /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffcrim(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int bitpix, /* I - bits per pixel */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the array */ long *naxes, /* I - size of each axis */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* create an IMAGE extension following the current HDU. If the current HDU is empty (contains no header keywords), then simply write the required image (or primary array) keywords to the current HDU. */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* create new extension if current header is not empty */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->headend != (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu] ) ffcrhd(fptr, status); /* write the required header keywords */ ffphpr(fptr, TRUE, bitpix, naxis, naxes, 0, 1, TRUE, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffcrimll(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int bitpix, /* I - bits per pixel */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the array */ LONGLONG *naxes, /* I - size of each axis */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* create an IMAGE extension following the current HDU. If the current HDU is empty (contains no header keywords), then simply write the required image (or primary array) keywords to the current HDU. */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* create new extension if current header is not empty */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->headend != (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu] ) ffcrhd(fptr, status); /* write the required header keywords */ ffphprll(fptr, TRUE, bitpix, naxis, naxes, 0, 1, TRUE, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffcrtb(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int tbltype, /* I - type of table to create */ LONGLONG naxis2, /* I - number of rows in the table */ int tfields, /* I - number of columns in the table */ char **ttype, /* I - name of each column */ char **tform, /* I - value of TFORMn keyword for each column */ char **tunit, /* I - value of TUNITn keyword for each column */ const char *extnm, /* I - value of EXTNAME keyword, if any */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Create a table extension in a FITS file. */ { LONGLONG naxis1 = 0; long *tbcol = 0; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); /* create new extension if current header is not empty */ if ((fptr->Fptr)->headend != (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu] ) ffcrhd(fptr, status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu == 0) /* have to create dummy primary array */ { ffcrim(fptr, 16, 0, tbcol, status); ffcrhd(fptr, status); } if (tbltype == BINARY_TBL) { /* write the required header keywords. This will write PCOUNT = 0 */ ffphbn(fptr, naxis2, tfields, ttype, tform, tunit, extnm, 0, status); } else if (tbltype == ASCII_TBL) { /* write the required header keywords */ /* default values for naxis1 and tbcol will be calculated */ ffphtb(fptr, naxis1, naxis2, tfields, ttype, tbcol, tform, tunit, extnm, status); } else *status = NOT_TABLE; return(*status); } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpktp(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *filename, /* I - name of template file */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* read keywords from template file and append to the FITS file */ { FILE *diskfile; char card[FLEN_CARD], template[161]; char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], newname[FLEN_KEYWORD]; int keytype; size_t slen; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); diskfile = fopen(filename,"r"); if (!diskfile) /* couldn't open file */ { ffpmsg("ffpktp could not open the following template file:"); ffpmsg(filename); return(*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED); } while (fgets(template, 160, diskfile) ) /* get next template line */ { template[160] = '\0'; /* make sure string is terminated */ slen = strlen(template); /* get string length */ template[slen - 1] = '\0'; /* over write the 'newline' char */ if (ffgthd(template, card, &keytype, status) > 0) /* parse template */ break; strncpy(keyname, card, 8); keyname[8] = '\0'; if (keytype == -2) /* rename the card */ { strncpy(newname, &card[40], 8); newname[8] = '\0'; ffmnam(fptr, keyname, newname, status); } else if (keytype == -1) /* delete the card */ { ffdkey(fptr, keyname, status); } else if (keytype == 0) /* update the card */ { ffucrd(fptr, keyname, card, status); } else if (keytype == 1) /* append the card */ { ffprec(fptr, card, status); } else /* END card; stop here */ { break; } } fclose(diskfile); /* close the template file */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpky( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ void *value, /* I - keyword value */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) the keyword, value and comment into the FITS header. Writes a keyword value with the datatype specified by the 2nd argument. */ { char errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (datatype == TSTRING) { ffpkys(fptr, keyname, (char *) value, comm, status); } else if (datatype == TBYTE) { ffpkyj(fptr, keyname, (LONGLONG) *(unsigned char *) value, comm, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { ffpkyj(fptr, keyname, (LONGLONG) *(signed char *) value, comm, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { ffpkyj(fptr, keyname, (LONGLONG) *(unsigned short *) value, comm, status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { ffpkyj(fptr, keyname, (LONGLONG) *(short *) value, comm, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { ffpkyg(fptr, keyname, (double) *(unsigned int *) value, 0, comm, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { ffpkyj(fptr, keyname, (LONGLONG) *(int *) value, comm, status); } else if (datatype == TLOGICAL) { ffpkyl(fptr, keyname, *(int *) value, comm, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { ffpkyuj(fptr, keyname, (ULONGLONG) *(unsigned long *) value, comm, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { ffpkyuj(fptr, keyname, (ULONGLONG) *(ULONGLONG *) value, comm, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { ffpkyj(fptr, keyname, (LONGLONG) *(long *) value, comm, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { ffpkyj(fptr, keyname, *(LONGLONG *) value, comm, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { ffpkye(fptr, keyname, *(float *) value, -7, comm, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { ffpkyd(fptr, keyname, *(double *) value, -15, comm, status); } else if (datatype == TCOMPLEX) { ffpkyc(fptr, keyname, (float *) value, -7, comm, status); } else if (datatype == TDBLCOMPLEX) { ffpkym(fptr, keyname, (double *) value, -15, comm, status); } else { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Bad keyword datatype code: %d (ffpky)", datatype); ffpmsg(errmsg); *status = BAD_DATATYPE; } return(*status); } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffprec(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *card, /* I - string to be written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* write a keyword record (80 bytes long) to the end of the header */ { char tcard[FLEN_CARD]; size_t len, ii; long nblocks; int keylength; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); if ( ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart - (fptr->Fptr)->headend) == 80) /* no room */ { nblocks = 1; if (ffiblk(fptr, nblocks, 0, status) > 0) /* insert 2880-byte block */ return(*status); } strncpy(tcard,card,80); tcard[80] = '\0'; len = strlen(tcard); /* silently replace any illegal characters with a space */ for (ii=0; ii < len; ii++) if (tcard[ii] < ' ' || tcard[ii] > 126) tcard[ii] = ' '; for (ii=len; ii < 80; ii++) /* fill card with spaces if necessary */ tcard[ii] = ' '; keylength = strcspn(tcard, "="); /* support for free-format keywords */ if (keylength == 80) keylength = 8; /* test for the common commentary keywords which by definition have 8-char names */ if ( !fits_strncasecmp( "COMMENT ", tcard, 8) || !fits_strncasecmp( "HISTORY ", tcard, 8) || !fits_strncasecmp( " ", tcard, 8) || !fits_strncasecmp( "CONTINUE", tcard, 8) ) keylength = 8; for (ii=0; ii < keylength; ii++) /* make sure keyword name is uppercase */ tcard[ii] = toupper(tcard[ii]); fftkey(tcard, status); /* test keyword name contains legal chars */ /* no need to do this any more, since any illegal characters have been removed fftrec(tcard, status); */ /* test rest of keyword for legal chars */ ffmbyt(fptr, (fptr->Fptr)->headend, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* move to end */ ffpbyt(fptr, 80, tcard, status); /* write the 80 byte card */ if (*status <= 0) (fptr->Fptr)->headend += 80; /* update end-of-header position */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkyu( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) a null-valued keyword and comment into the FITS header. */ { char valstring[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); strcpy(valstring," "); /* create a dummy value string */ ffmkky(keyname, valstring, comm, card, status); /* construct the keyword */ ffprec(fptr, card, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkys( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ const char *value, /* I - keyword value */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) the keyword, value and comment into the FITS header. The value string will be truncated at 68 characters which is the maximum length that will fit on a single FITS keyword. */ { char valstring[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); ffs2c(value, valstring, status); /* put quotes around the string */ ffmkky(keyname, valstring, comm, card, status); /* construct the keyword */ ffprec(fptr, card, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkls( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ const char *value, /* I - keyword value */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ { if (*status > 0) return(*status); fits_make_longstr_key_util(fptr, keyname, value, comm, -1, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_make_longstr_key_util( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ const char *value, /* I - keyword value */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int position, /* I - position to insert (-1 for end) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) the keyword, value and comment into the FITS header. This routine is a modified version of ffpkys which supports the HEASARC long string convention and can write arbitrarily long string keyword values. The value is continued over multiple keywords that have the name CONTINUE without an equal sign in column 9 of the card. This routine also supports simple string keywords which are less than 75 characters in length. */ { char valstring[FLEN_CARD], comstring[FLEN_CARD]; /* give tmpkeyname same size restriction as in ffmkky */ char card[FLEN_CARD], tmpkeyname[FLEN_KEYWORD]; char tstring[FLEN_CARD], *cptr; int next, remainval, remaincom, vlen, nquote, nchar; int namelen, finalnamelen, maxvalchars; int contin, tstatus=-1, nocomment=0, ichar, addline=1; int spaceForComments=0, processingComment=0, nblanks=0, allInOne=0; /* This setting is arbitrary */ int fixedSpaceForComments = 50; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); remainval = strlen(value); if (comm) remaincom = strlen(comm); else remaincom = 0; tmpkeyname[0] = '\0'; cptr = keyname; while(*cptr == ' ') /* skip over leading spaces in name */ cptr++; strncpy(tmpkeyname, cptr, FLEN_KEYWORD-1); tmpkeyname[FLEN_KEYWORD-1] = '\0'; namelen = strlen(tmpkeyname); if (namelen) /* skip trailing spaces in name */ { cptr = tmpkeyname + namelen - 1; while (*cptr == ' ') { *cptr = '\0'; cptr--; } namelen = strlen(tmpkeyname); } /* First determine final length of keyword. ffmkky may prepend "HIERARCH " to it, and we need to determine that now using the same criteria as ffmkky. */ if (namelen <= 8 && (fftkey(cptr, &tstatus) <= 0) ) { /* This a normal 8-character FITS keyword. ffmkky will pad it to 8 if necessary, and add "= ". */ finalnamelen = 10; /* 2 additional chars are needed for opening/closing quotes. */ maxvalchars = (FLEN_CARD-1) - finalnamelen - 2; } else { if (namelen && ((FSTRNCMP(tmpkeyname, "HIERARCH ", 9) == 0) || (FSTRNCMP(tmpkeyname, "hierarch ", 9) == 0)) ) { /* We have an explicitly marked long keyword, so HIERARCH will not be prepended. However it can then have " = " or "= ", depending on size of value string. For now, assume "= ". If we're here, must have 75 > namelen > 9. */ finalnamelen = namelen + 2; } else { /* ffmkky is going to prepend "HIERARCH " to the keyword, and " = " or "= ". */ finalnamelen = namelen + 11; if (finalnamelen > FLEN_CARD-1) { ffpmsg("The following keyword is too long to fit on a card in ffpkls:"); ffpmsg(keyname); return(*status = BAD_KEYCHAR); } } maxvalchars = (FLEN_CARD-1) - finalnamelen - 2; } contin = 0; next = 0; /* pointer to next character to write */ while (addline) { if (processingComment) { if (remaincom > (fixedSpaceForComments-3)) { strcpy(valstring,"'&'"); nblanks = (FLEN_CARD-1) - fixedSpaceForComments - 13; memset(&valstring[3], 32, nblanks); valstring[nblanks+3] = '\0'; } else { strcpy(valstring,"''"); nblanks = (FLEN_CARD-1) - fixedSpaceForComments - 12; memset(&valstring[2], 32, nblanks); valstring[nblanks+2] = '\0'; } nchar = minvalue(remaincom, fixedSpaceForComments-3); strncpy(comstring, &comm[next], nchar); comstring[nchar] = '\0'; next += nchar; remaincom -= nchar; } else { vlen = strlen(&value[next]); nquote = 0; for (ichar=0; ichar nchar))) { nchar -= 1; /* outputting one less character now */ if (valstring[vlen-2] != '\'') valstring[vlen-2] = '&'; /* overwrite last char with & */ else { /* last char was a pair of single quotes, so over write both */ valstring[vlen-3] = '&'; valstring[vlen-1] = '\0'; } } else if ( /* Cases where '&' should be appended to valstring rather than overwritten. This would mostly be due to the inclusion of a comment string requiring additional lines. But there's also the obscure case where the last character that can fit happened to be a single quote. Since this was removed with the earlier 'nchar = minvlaue()' test, the valstring must be continued even though it's one space short of filling this line. We then append it with a '&'. */ (spaceForComments && nchar < remainval) || (remaincom && (spaceForComments < fixedSpaceForComments || spaceForComments < remaincom))) { valstring[vlen-1] = '&'; valstring[vlen] = '\''; valstring[vlen+1] = '\0'; vlen+=1; } } if (allInOne) { nocomment=0; /* The allInOne test ensures that comm length will fit within FLEN_CARD buffer size */ if (comm) strcpy(comstring, comm); else comstring[0]='\0'; /* Ensure that loop exits after this iteration */ remainval=0; remaincom=0; } else if (remainval > nchar) { nocomment = 1; remainval -= nchar; next += nchar; maxvalchars = (FLEN_CARD-1) - 12; } else { /* We've reached the end of val input. Now switch to writing comment (if any). This block can only be reached once. */ /* Do not write comments on this line if fewer than fixedSpaceForComments are available for the comment string and " / ". */ nocomment = 1; remainval = 0; next = 0; processingComment = 1; if (remaincom && spaceForComments >= fixedSpaceForComments) { nocomment = 0; nchar = minvalue(remaincom, fixedSpaceForComments-3); strncpy(comstring, comm, nchar); comstring[nchar] = '\0'; next = nchar; remaincom -= nchar; } } } /* end if processing valstring and not comment */ if (contin) /* This is a CONTINUEd keyword */ { if (nocomment) { ffmkky("CONTINUE", valstring, NULL, card, status); /* make keyword w/o comment */ } else { ffmkky("CONTINUE", valstring, comstring, card, status); /* make keyword */ } strncpy(&card[8], " ", 2); /* overwrite the '=' */ } else { if (nocomment) ffmkky(keyname, valstring, NULL, card, status); /* make keyword */ else ffmkky(keyname, valstring, comstring, card, status); /* make keyword */ } if (position < 0) ffprec(fptr, card, status); /* write the keyword */ else { ffirec(fptr, position, card, status); /* insert the keyword */ ++position; } contin = 1; nocomment = 0; addline = (int)(remainval > 0 || remaincom > 0); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffplsw( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write the LONGSTRN keyword and a series of related COMMENT keywords which document that this FITS header may contain long string keyword values which are continued over multiple keywords using the HEASARC long string keyword convention. If the LONGSTRN keyword already exists then this routine simple returns without doing anything. */ { char valstring[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT]; int tstatus; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); tstatus = 0; if (ffgkys(fptr, "LONGSTRN", valstring, comm, &tstatus) == 0) return(*status); /* keyword already exists, so just return */ ffpkys(fptr, "LONGSTRN", "OGIP 1.0", "The HEASARC Long String Convention may be used.", status); ffpcom(fptr, " This FITS file may contain long string keyword values that are", status); ffpcom(fptr, " continued over multiple keywords. The HEASARC convention uses the &", status); ffpcom(fptr, " character at the end of each substring which is then continued", status); ffpcom(fptr, " on the next keyword which has the name CONTINUE.", status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkyl( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ int value, /* I - keyword value */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) the keyword, value and comment into the FITS header. Values equal to 0 will result in a False FITS keyword; any other non-zero value will result in a True FITS keyword. */ { char valstring[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); ffl2c(value, valstring, status); /* convert to formatted string */ ffmkky(keyname, valstring, comm, card, status); /* construct the keyword*/ ffprec(fptr, card, status); /* write the keyword*/ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkyj( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ LONGLONG value, /* I - keyword value */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) the keyword, value and comment into the FITS header. Writes an integer keyword value. */ { char valstring[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); ffi2c(value, valstring, status); /* convert to formatted string */ ffmkky(keyname, valstring, comm, card, status); /* construct the keyword*/ ffprec(fptr, card, status); /* write the keyword*/ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkyuj( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ ULONGLONG value, /* I - keyword value */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) the keyword, value and comment into the FITS header. Writes an integer keyword value. */ { char valstring[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); ffu2c(value, valstring, status); /* convert to formatted string */ ffmkky(keyname, valstring, comm, card, status); /* construct the keyword*/ ffprec(fptr, card, status); /* write the keyword*/ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkyf( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ float value, /* I - keyword value */ int decim, /* I - number of decimal places to display */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) the keyword, value and comment into the FITS header. Writes a fixed float keyword value. */ { char valstring[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); ffr2f(value, decim, valstring, status); /* convert to formatted string */ ffmkky(keyname, valstring, comm, card, status); /* construct the keyword*/ ffprec(fptr, card, status); /* write the keyword*/ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkye( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ float value, /* I - keyword value */ int decim, /* I - number of decimal places to display */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) the keyword, value and comment into the FITS header. Writes an exponential float keyword value. */ { char valstring[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); ffr2e(value, decim, valstring, status); /* convert to formatted string */ ffmkky(keyname, valstring, comm, card, status); /* construct the keyword*/ ffprec(fptr, card, status); /* write the keyword*/ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkyg( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ double value, /* I - keyword value */ int decim, /* I - number of decimal places to display */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) the keyword, value and comment into the FITS header. Writes a fixed double keyword value.*/ { char valstring[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); ffd2f(value, decim, valstring, status); /* convert to formatted string */ ffmkky(keyname, valstring, comm, card, status); /* construct the keyword*/ ffprec(fptr, card, status); /* write the keyword*/ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkyd( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ double value, /* I - keyword value */ int decim, /* I - number of decimal places to display */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) the keyword, value and comment into the FITS header. Writes an exponential double keyword value.*/ { char valstring[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); ffd2e(value, decim, valstring, status); /* convert to formatted string */ ffmkky(keyname, valstring, comm, card, status); /* construct the keyword*/ ffprec(fptr, card, status); /* write the keyword*/ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkyc( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ float *value, /* I - keyword value (real, imaginary) */ int decim, /* I - number of decimal places to display */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) the keyword, value and comment into the FITS header. Writes an complex float keyword value. Format = (realvalue, imagvalue) */ { char valstring[FLEN_VALUE], tmpstring[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); strcpy(valstring, "(" ); ffr2e(value[0], decim, tmpstring, status); /* convert to string */ if (strlen(valstring)+strlen(tmpstring)+2 > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("Error converting complex to string (ffpkyc)"); return(*status=BAD_F2C); } strcat(valstring, tmpstring); strcat(valstring, ", "); ffr2e(value[1], decim, tmpstring, status); /* convert to string */ if (strlen(valstring)+strlen(tmpstring)+1 > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("Error converting complex to string (ffpkyc)"); return(*status=BAD_F2C); } strcat(valstring, tmpstring); strcat(valstring, ")"); ffmkky(keyname, valstring, comm, card, status); /* construct the keyword*/ ffprec(fptr, card, status); /* write the keyword*/ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkym( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ double *value, /* I - keyword value (real, imaginary) */ int decim, /* I - number of decimal places to display */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) the keyword, value and comment into the FITS header. Writes an complex double keyword value. Format = (realvalue, imagvalue) */ { char valstring[FLEN_VALUE], tmpstring[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); strcpy(valstring, "(" ); ffd2e(value[0], decim, tmpstring, status); /* convert to string */ if (strlen(valstring)+strlen(tmpstring)+2 > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("Error converting complex to string (ffpkym)"); return(*status=BAD_F2C); } strcat(valstring, tmpstring); strcat(valstring, ", "); ffd2e(value[1], decim, tmpstring, status); /* convert to string */ if (strlen(valstring)+strlen(tmpstring)+1 > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("Error converting complex to string (ffpkym)"); return(*status=BAD_F2C); } strcat(valstring, tmpstring); strcat(valstring, ")"); ffmkky(keyname, valstring, comm, card, status); /* construct the keyword*/ ffprec(fptr, card, status); /* write the keyword*/ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkfc( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ float *value, /* I - keyword value (real, imaginary) */ int decim, /* I - number of decimal places to display */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) the keyword, value and comment into the FITS header. Writes an complex float keyword value. Format = (realvalue, imagvalue) */ { char valstring[FLEN_VALUE], tmpstring[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); strcpy(valstring, "(" ); ffr2f(value[0], decim, tmpstring, status); /* convert to string */ if (strlen(valstring)+strlen(tmpstring)+2 > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("Error converting complex to string (ffpkfc)"); return(*status=BAD_F2C); } strcat(valstring, tmpstring); strcat(valstring, ", "); ffr2f(value[1], decim, tmpstring, status); /* convert to string */ if (strlen(valstring)+strlen(tmpstring)+1 > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("Error converting complex to string (ffpkfc)"); return(*status=BAD_F2C); } strcat(valstring, tmpstring); strcat(valstring, ")"); ffmkky(keyname, valstring, comm, card, status); /* construct the keyword*/ ffprec(fptr, card, status); /* write the keyword*/ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkfm( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ double *value, /* I - keyword value (real, imaginary) */ int decim, /* I - number of decimal places to display */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) the keyword, value and comment into the FITS header. Writes an complex double keyword value. Format = (realvalue, imagvalue) */ { char valstring[FLEN_VALUE], tmpstring[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); strcpy(valstring, "(" ); ffd2f(value[0], decim, tmpstring, status); /* convert to string */ if (strlen(valstring)+strlen(tmpstring)+2 > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("Error converting complex to string (ffpkfm)"); return(*status=BAD_F2C); } strcat(valstring, tmpstring); strcat(valstring, ", "); ffd2f(value[1], decim, tmpstring, status); /* convert to string */ if (strlen(valstring)+strlen(tmpstring)+1 > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("Error converting complex to string (ffpkfm)"); return(*status=BAD_F2C); } strcat(valstring, tmpstring); strcat(valstring, ")"); ffmkky(keyname, valstring, comm, card, status); /* construct the keyword*/ ffprec(fptr, card, status); /* write the keyword*/ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkyt( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyname,/* I - name of keyword to write */ long intval, /* I - integer part of value */ double fraction, /* I - fractional part of value */ const char *comm, /* I - keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) a 'triple' precision keyword where the integer and fractional parts of the value are passed in separate parameters to increase the total amount of numerical precision. */ { char valstring[FLEN_VALUE]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; char fstring[20], *cptr; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (fraction > 1. || fraction < 0.) { ffpmsg("fraction must be between 0. and 1. (ffpkyt)"); return(*status = BAD_F2C); } ffi2c(intval, valstring, status); /* convert integer to string */ ffd2f(fraction, 16, fstring, status); /* convert to 16 decimal string */ cptr = strchr(fstring, '.'); /* find the decimal point */ if (strlen(valstring)+strlen(cptr) > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("converted numerical string too long"); return(*status=BAD_F2C); } strcat(valstring, cptr); /* append the fraction to the integer */ ffmkky(keyname, valstring, comm, card, status); /* construct the keyword*/ ffprec(fptr, card, status); /* write the keyword*/ return(*status); } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpcom( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *comm, /* I - comment string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write 1 or more COMMENT keywords. If the comment string is too long to fit on a single keyword (72 chars) then it will automatically be continued on multiple CONTINUE keywords. */ { char card[FLEN_CARD]; int len, ii; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); len = strlen(comm); ii = 0; for (; len > 0; len -= 72) { strcpy(card, "COMMENT "); strncat(card, &comm[ii], 72); ffprec(fptr, card, status); ii += 72; } return(*status); } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffphis( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *history, /* I - history string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write 1 or more HISTORY keywords. If the history string is too long to fit on a single keyword (72 chars) then it will automatically be continued on multiple HISTORY keywords. */ { char card[FLEN_CARD]; int len, ii; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); len = strlen(history); ii = 0; for (; len > 0; len -= 72) { strcpy(card, "HISTORY "); strncat(card, &history[ii], 72); ffprec(fptr, card, status); ii += 72; } return(*status); } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpdat( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write the DATE keyword into the FITS header. If the keyword already exists then the date will simply be updated in the existing keyword. */ { int timeref; char date[30], tmzone[10], card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); ffgstm(date, &timeref, status); if (timeref) /* GMT not available on this machine */ strcpy(tmzone, " Local"); else strcpy(tmzone, " UT"); strcpy(card, "DATE = '"); strcat(card, date); strcat(card, "' / file creation date (YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss"); strcat(card, tmzone); strcat(card, ")"); ffucrd(fptr, "DATE", card, status); return(*status); } /*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffverifydate(int year, /* I - year (0 - 9999) */ int month, /* I - month (1 - 12) */ int day, /* I - day (1 - 31) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Verify that the date is valid */ { int ndays[] = {0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31}; char errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; if (year < 0 || year > 9999) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "input year value = %d is out of range 0 - 9999", year); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } else if (month < 1 || month > 12) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "input month value = %d is out of range 1 - 12", month); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } if (ndays[month] == 31) { if (day < 1 || day > 31) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "input day value = %d is out of range 1 - 31 for month %d", day, month); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } } else if (ndays[month] == 30) { if (day < 1 || day > 30) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "input day value = %d is out of range 1 - 30 for month %d", day, month); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } } else { if (day < 1 || day > 28) { if (day == 29) { /* year is a leap year if it is divisible by 4 but not by 100, except years divisible by 400 are leap years */ if ((year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 ) || year % 400 == 0) return (*status); snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "input day value = %d is out of range 1 - 28 for February %d (not leap year)", day, year); ffpmsg(errmsg); } else { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "input day value = %d is out of range 1 - 28 (or 29) for February", day); ffpmsg(errmsg); } return(*status = BAD_DATE); } } return(*status); } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgstm( char *timestr, /* O - returned system date and time string */ int *timeref, /* O - GMT = 0, Local time = 1 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Returns the current date and time in format 'yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss'. */ { time_t tp; struct tm *ptr; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); time(&tp); ptr = gmtime(&tp); /* get GMT (= UTC) time */ if (timeref) { if (ptr) *timeref = 0; /* returning GMT */ else *timeref = 1; /* returning local time */ } if (!ptr) /* GMT not available on this machine */ ptr = localtime(&tp); strftime(timestr, 25, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", ptr); return(*status); } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffdt2s(int year, /* I - year (0 - 9999) */ int month, /* I - month (1 - 12) */ int day, /* I - day (1 - 31) */ char *datestr, /* O - date string: "YYYY-MM-DD" */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Construct a date character string */ { if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); *datestr = '\0'; if (ffverifydate(year, month, day, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("invalid date (ffdt2s)"); return(*status); } if (year >= 1900 && year <= 1998) /* use old 'dd/mm/yy' format */ sprintf(datestr, "%.2d/%.2d/%.2d", day, month, year - 1900); else /* use the new 'YYYY-MM-DD' format */ sprintf(datestr, "%.4d-%.2d-%.2d", year, month, day); return(*status); } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffs2dt(char *datestr, /* I - date string: "YYYY-MM-DD" or "dd/mm/yy" */ int *year, /* O - year (0 - 9999) */ int *month, /* O - month (1 - 12) */ int *day, /* O - day (1 - 31) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Parse a date character string into year, month, and day values */ { int slen, lyear, lmonth, lday; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (year) *year = 0; if (month) *month = 0; if (day) *day = 0; if (!datestr) { ffpmsg("error: null input date string (ffs2dt)"); return(*status = BAD_DATE); /* Null datestr pointer ??? */ } slen = strlen(datestr); if (slen == 8 && datestr[2] == '/' && datestr[5] == '/') { if (isdigit((int) datestr[0]) && isdigit((int) datestr[1]) && isdigit((int) datestr[3]) && isdigit((int) datestr[4]) && isdigit((int) datestr[6]) && isdigit((int) datestr[7]) ) { /* this is an old format string: "dd/mm/yy" */ lyear = atoi(&datestr[6]) + 1900; lmonth = atoi(&datestr[3]); lday = atoi(datestr); if (year) *year = lyear; if (month) *month = lmonth; if (day) *day = lday; } else { ffpmsg("input date string has illegal format (ffs2dt):"); ffpmsg(datestr); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } } else if (slen >= 10 && datestr[4] == '-' && datestr[7] == '-') { if (isdigit((int) datestr[0]) && isdigit((int) datestr[1]) && isdigit((int) datestr[2]) && isdigit((int) datestr[3]) && isdigit((int) datestr[5]) && isdigit((int) datestr[6]) && isdigit((int) datestr[8]) && isdigit((int) datestr[9]) ) { if (slen > 10 && datestr[10] != 'T') { ffpmsg("input date string has illegal format (ffs2dt):"); ffpmsg(datestr); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } /* this is a new format string: "yyyy-mm-dd" */ lyear = atoi(datestr); lmonth = atoi(&datestr[5]); lday = atoi(&datestr[8]); if (year) *year = lyear; if (month) *month = lmonth; if (day) *day = lday; } else { ffpmsg("input date string has illegal format (ffs2dt):"); ffpmsg(datestr); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } } else { ffpmsg("input date string has illegal format (ffs2dt):"); ffpmsg(datestr); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } if (ffverifydate(lyear, lmonth, lday, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("invalid date (ffs2dt)"); } return(*status); } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fftm2s(int year, /* I - year (0 - 9999) */ int month, /* I - month (1 - 12) */ int day, /* I - day (1 - 31) */ int hour, /* I - hour (0 - 23) */ int minute, /* I - minute (0 - 59) */ double second, /* I - second (0. - 60.9999999) */ int decimals, /* I - number of decimal points to write */ char *datestr, /* O - date string: "YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.ddd" */ /* or "hh:mm:ss.ddd" if year, month day = 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Construct a date and time character string */ { int width; char errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); *datestr='\0'; if (year != 0 || month != 0 || day !=0) { if (ffverifydate(year, month, day, status) > 0) { ffpmsg("invalid date (fftm2s)"); return(*status); } } if (hour < 0 || hour > 23) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "input hour value is out of range 0 - 23: %d (fftm2s)", hour); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } else if (minute < 0 || minute > 59) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "input minute value is out of range 0 - 59: %d (fftm2s)", minute); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } else if (second < 0. || second >= 61) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "input second value is out of range 0 - 60.999: %f (fftm2s)", second); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } else if (decimals > 25) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "input decimals value is out of range 0 - 25: %d (fftm2s)", decimals); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } if (decimals == 0) width = 2; else width = decimals + 3; if (decimals < 0) { /* a negative decimals value means return only the date, not time */ sprintf(datestr, "%.4d-%.2d-%.2d", year, month, day); } else if (year == 0 && month == 0 && day == 0) { /* return only the time, not the date */ sprintf(datestr, "%.2d:%.2d:%0*.*f", hour, minute, width, decimals, second); } else { /* return both the time and date */ sprintf(datestr, "%.4d-%.2d-%.2dT%.2d:%.2d:%0*.*f", year, month, day, hour, minute, width, decimals, second); } return(*status); } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffs2tm(char *datestr, /* I - date string: "YYYY-MM-DD" */ /* or "YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.ddd" */ /* or "dd/mm/yy" */ int *year, /* O - year (0 - 9999) */ int *month, /* O - month (1 - 12) */ int *day, /* O - day (1 - 31) */ int *hour, /* I - hour (0 - 23) */ int *minute, /* I - minute (0 - 59) */ double *second, /* I - second (0. - 60.9999999) */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Parse a date character string into date and time values */ { int slen; char errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (year) *year = 0; if (month) *month = 0; if (day) *day = 0; if (hour) *hour = 0; if (minute) *minute = 0; if (second) *second = 0.; if (!datestr) { ffpmsg("error: null input date string (ffs2tm)"); return(*status = BAD_DATE); /* Null datestr pointer ??? */ } if (datestr[2] == '/' || datestr[4] == '-') { /* Parse the year, month, and date */ if (ffs2dt(datestr, year, month, day, status) > 0) return(*status); slen = strlen(datestr); if (slen == 8 || slen == 10) return(*status); /* OK, no time fields */ else if (slen < 19) { ffpmsg("input date string has illegal format:"); ffpmsg(datestr); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } else if (datestr[10] == 'T') { if (datestr[13] == ':' && datestr[16] == ':') { if (isdigit((int) datestr[11]) && isdigit((int) datestr[12]) && isdigit((int) datestr[14]) && isdigit((int) datestr[15]) && isdigit((int) datestr[17]) && isdigit((int) datestr[18]) ) { if (slen > 19 && datestr[19] != '.') { ffpmsg("input date string has illegal format:"); ffpmsg(datestr); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } /* this is a new format string: "yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss.dddd" */ if (hour) *hour = atoi(&datestr[11]); if (minute) *minute = atoi(&datestr[14]); if (second) *second = atof(&datestr[17]); } else { ffpmsg("input date string has illegal format:"); ffpmsg(datestr); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } } else { ffpmsg("input date string has illegal format:"); ffpmsg(datestr); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } } } else /* no date fields */ { if (datestr[2] == ':' && datestr[5] == ':') /* time string */ { if (isdigit((int) datestr[0]) && isdigit((int) datestr[1]) && isdigit((int) datestr[3]) && isdigit((int) datestr[4]) && isdigit((int) datestr[6]) && isdigit((int) datestr[7]) ) { /* this is a time string: "hh:mm:ss.dddd" */ if (hour) *hour = atoi(&datestr[0]); if (minute) *minute = atoi(&datestr[3]); if (second) *second = atof(&datestr[6]); } else { ffpmsg("input date string has illegal format:"); ffpmsg(datestr); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } } else { ffpmsg("input date string has illegal format:"); ffpmsg(datestr); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } } if (hour) if (*hour < 0 || *hour > 23) { snprintf(errmsg,FLEN_ERRMSG, "hour value is out of range 0 - 23: %d (ffs2tm)", *hour); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } if (minute) if (*minute < 0 || *minute > 59) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "minute value is out of range 0 - 59: %d (ffs2tm)", *minute); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } if (second) if (*second < 0 || *second >= 61.) { snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "second value is out of range 0 - 60.9999: %f (ffs2tm)", *second); ffpmsg(errmsg); return(*status = BAD_DATE); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgsdt( int *day, int *month, int *year, int *status ) { /* This routine is included for backward compatibility with the Fortran FITSIO library. ffgsdt : Get current System DaTe (GMT if available) Return integer values of the day, month, and year Function parameters: day Day of the month month Numerical month (1=Jan, etc.) year Year (1999, 2000, etc.) status output error status */ time_t now; struct tm *date; now = time( NULL ); date = gmtime(&now); /* get GMT (= UTC) time */ if (!date) /* GMT not available on this machine */ { date = localtime(&now); } *day = date->tm_mday; *month = date->tm_mon + 1; *year = date->tm_year + 1900; /* tm_year is defined as years since 1900 */ return( *status ); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkns( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyroot, /* I - root name of keywords to write */ int nstart, /* I - starting index number */ int nkey, /* I - number of keywords to write */ char *value[], /* I - array of pointers to keyword values */ char *comm[], /* I - array of pointers to keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) an indexed array of keywords with index numbers between NSTART and (NSTART + NKEY -1) inclusive. Writes string keywords. The value strings will be truncated at 68 characters, and the HEASARC long string keyword convention is not supported by this routine. */ { char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], tcomment[FLEN_COMMENT]; int ii, jj, repeat, len; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* check if first comment string is to be repeated for all the keywords */ /* by looking to see if the last non-blank character is a '&' char */ repeat = 0; if (comm) { len = strlen(comm[0]); while (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == ' ') len--; /* ignore trailing blanks */ if (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == '&') { len = minvalue(len, FLEN_COMMENT); tcomment[0] = '\0'; strncat(tcomment, comm[0], len-1); /* don't copy the final '&' char */ repeat = 1; } } else { repeat = 1; tcomment[0] = '\0'; } for (ii=0, jj=nstart; ii < nkey; ii++, jj++) { ffkeyn(keyroot, jj, keyname, status); if (repeat) ffpkys(fptr, keyname, value[ii], tcomment, status); else ffpkys(fptr, keyname, value[ii], comm[ii], status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpknl( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyroot, /* I - root name of keywords to write */ int nstart, /* I - starting index number */ int nkey, /* I - number of keywords to write */ int *value, /* I - array of keyword values */ char *comm[], /* I - array of pointers to keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) an indexed array of keywords with index numbers between NSTART and (NSTART + NKEY -1) inclusive. Writes logical keywords Values equal to zero will be written as a False FITS keyword value; any other non-zero value will result in a True FITS keyword. */ { char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], tcomment[FLEN_COMMENT]; int ii, jj, repeat, len; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* check if first comment string is to be repeated for all the keywords */ /* by looking to see if the last non-blank character is a '&' char */ repeat = 0; if (comm) { len = strlen(comm[0]); while (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == ' ') len--; /* ignore trailing blanks */ if (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == '&') { len = minvalue(len, FLEN_COMMENT); tcomment[0] = '\0'; strncat(tcomment, comm[0], len-1); /* don't copy the final '&' char */ repeat = 1; } } else { repeat = 1; tcomment[0] = '\0'; } for (ii=0, jj=nstart; ii < nkey; ii++, jj++) { ffkeyn(keyroot, jj, keyname, status); if (repeat) ffpkyl(fptr, keyname, value[ii], tcomment, status); else ffpkyl(fptr, keyname, value[ii], comm[ii], status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpknj( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyroot, /* I - root name of keywords to write */ int nstart, /* I - starting index number */ int nkey, /* I - number of keywords to write */ long *value, /* I - array of keyword values */ char *comm[], /* I - array of pointers to keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) an indexed array of keywords with index numbers between NSTART and (NSTART + NKEY -1) inclusive. Write integer keywords */ { char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], tcomment[FLEN_COMMENT]; int ii, jj, repeat, len; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* check if first comment string is to be repeated for all the keywords */ /* by looking to see if the last non-blank character is a '&' char */ repeat = 0; if (comm) { len = strlen(comm[0]); while (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == ' ') len--; /* ignore trailing blanks */ if (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == '&') { len = minvalue(len, FLEN_COMMENT); tcomment[0] = '\0'; strncat(tcomment, comm[0], len-1); /* don't copy the final '&' char */ repeat = 1; } } else { repeat = 1; tcomment[0] = '\0'; } for (ii=0, jj=nstart; ii < nkey; ii++, jj++) { ffkeyn(keyroot, jj, keyname, status); if (repeat) ffpkyj(fptr, keyname, value[ii], tcomment, status); else ffpkyj(fptr, keyname, value[ii], comm[ii], status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpknjj( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyroot, /* I - root name of keywords to write */ int nstart, /* I - starting index number */ int nkey, /* I - number of keywords to write */ LONGLONG *value, /* I - array of keyword values */ char *comm[], /* I - array of pointers to keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) an indexed array of keywords with index numbers between NSTART and (NSTART + NKEY -1) inclusive. Write integer keywords */ { char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], tcomment[FLEN_COMMENT]; int ii, jj, repeat, len; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* check if first comment string is to be repeated for all the keywords */ /* by looking to see if the last non-blank character is a '&' char */ repeat = 0; if (comm) { len = strlen(comm[0]); while (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == ' ') len--; /* ignore trailing blanks */ if (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == '&') { len = minvalue(len, FLEN_COMMENT); tcomment[0] = '\0'; strncat(tcomment, comm[0], len-1); /* don't copy the final '&' char */ repeat = 1; } } else { repeat = 1; tcomment[0] = '\0'; } for (ii=0, jj=nstart; ii < nkey; ii++, jj++) { ffkeyn(keyroot, jj, keyname, status); if (repeat) ffpkyj(fptr, keyname, value[ii], tcomment, status); else ffpkyj(fptr, keyname, value[ii], comm[ii], status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpknf( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyroot, /* I - root name of keywords to write */ int nstart, /* I - starting index number */ int nkey, /* I - number of keywords to write */ float *value, /* I - array of keyword values */ int decim, /* I - number of decimals to display */ char *comm[], /* I - array of pointers to keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) an indexed array of keywords with index numbers between NSTART and (NSTART + NKEY -1) inclusive. Writes fixed float values. */ { char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], tcomment[FLEN_COMMENT]; int ii, jj, repeat, len; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* check if first comment string is to be repeated for all the keywords */ /* by looking to see if the last non-blank character is a '&' char */ repeat = 0; if (comm) { len = strlen(comm[0]); while (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == ' ') len--; /* ignore trailing blanks */ if (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == '&') { len = minvalue(len, FLEN_COMMENT); tcomment[0] = '\0'; strncat(tcomment, comm[0], len-1); /* don't copy the final '&' char */ repeat = 1; } } else { repeat = 1; tcomment[0] = '\0'; } for (ii=0, jj=nstart; ii < nkey; ii++, jj++) { ffkeyn(keyroot, jj, keyname, status); if (repeat) ffpkyf(fptr, keyname, value[ii], decim, tcomment, status); else ffpkyf(fptr, keyname, value[ii], decim, comm[ii], status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkne( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyroot, /* I - root name of keywords to write */ int nstart, /* I - starting index number */ int nkey, /* I - number of keywords to write */ float *value, /* I - array of keyword values */ int decim, /* I - number of decimals to display */ char *comm[], /* I - array of pointers to keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) an indexed array of keywords with index numbers between NSTART and (NSTART + NKEY -1) inclusive. Writes exponential float values. */ { char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], tcomment[FLEN_COMMENT]; int ii, jj, repeat, len; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* check if first comment string is to be repeated for all the keywords */ /* by looking to see if the last non-blank character is a '&' char */ repeat = 0; if (comm) { len = strlen(comm[0]); while (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == ' ') len--; /* ignore trailing blanks */ if (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == '&') { len = minvalue(len, FLEN_COMMENT); tcomment[0] = '\0'; strncat(tcomment, comm[0], len-1); /* don't copy the final '&' char */ repeat = 1; } } else { repeat = 1; tcomment[0] = '\0'; } for (ii=0, jj=nstart; ii < nkey; ii++, jj++) { ffkeyn(keyroot, jj, keyname, status); if (repeat) ffpkye(fptr, keyname, value[ii], decim, tcomment, status); else ffpkye(fptr, keyname, value[ii], decim, comm[ii], status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpkng( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyroot, /* I - root name of keywords to write */ int nstart, /* I - starting index number */ int nkey, /* I - number of keywords to write */ double *value, /* I - array of keyword values */ int decim, /* I - number of decimals to display */ char *comm[], /* I - array of pointers to keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) an indexed array of keywords with index numbers between NSTART and (NSTART + NKEY -1) inclusive. Writes fixed double values. */ { char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], tcomment[FLEN_COMMENT]; int ii, jj, repeat, len; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* check if first comment string is to be repeated for all the keywords */ /* by looking to see if the last non-blank character is a '&' char */ repeat = 0; if (comm) { len = strlen(comm[0]); while (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == ' ') len--; /* ignore trailing blanks */ if (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == '&') { len = minvalue(len, FLEN_COMMENT); tcomment[0] = '\0'; strncat(tcomment, comm[0], len-1); /* don't copy the final '&' char */ repeat = 1; } } else { repeat = 1; tcomment[0] = '\0'; } for (ii=0, jj=nstart; ii < nkey; ii++, jj++) { ffkeyn(keyroot, jj, keyname, status); if (repeat) ffpkyg(fptr, keyname, value[ii], decim, tcomment, status); else ffpkyg(fptr, keyname, value[ii], decim, comm[ii], status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpknd( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *keyroot, /* I - root name of keywords to write */ int nstart, /* I - starting index number */ int nkey, /* I - number of keywords to write */ double *value, /* I - array of keyword values */ int decim, /* I - number of decimals to display */ char *comm[], /* I - array of pointers to keyword comment */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write (put) an indexed array of keywords with index numbers between NSTART and (NSTART + NKEY -1) inclusive. Writes exponential double values. */ { char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], tcomment[FLEN_COMMENT]; int ii, jj, repeat, len; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* check if first comment string is to be repeated for all the keywords */ /* by looking to see if the last non-blank character is a '&' char */ repeat = 0; if (comm) { len = strlen(comm[0]); while (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == ' ') len--; /* ignore trailing blanks */ if (len > 0 && comm[0][len - 1] == '&') { len = minvalue(len, FLEN_COMMENT); tcomment[0] = '\0'; strncat(tcomment, comm[0], len-1); /* don't copy the final '&' char */ repeat = 1; } } else { repeat = 1; tcomment[0] = '\0'; } for (ii=0, jj=nstart; ii < nkey; ii++, jj++) { ffkeyn(keyroot, jj, keyname, status); if (repeat) ffpkyd(fptr, keyname, value[ii], decim, tcomment, status); else ffpkyd(fptr, keyname, value[ii], decim, comm[ii], status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffptdm( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the data array */ long naxes[], /* I - length of each data axis */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* write the TDIMnnn keyword describing the dimensionality of a column */ { char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], tdimstr[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT]; char value[80], message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; int ii; long totalpix = 1, repeat; tcolumn *colptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (colnum < 1 || colnum > 999) { ffpmsg("column number is out of range 1 - 999 (ffptdm)"); return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM); } if (naxis < 1) { ffpmsg("naxis is less than 1 (ffptdm)"); return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); } /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); if ( (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype != BINARY_TBL) { ffpmsg( "Error: The TDIMn keyword is only allowed in BINTABLE extensions (ffptdm)"); return(*status = NOT_BTABLE); } strcpy(tdimstr, "("); /* start constructing the TDIM value */ for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { if (ii > 0) strcat(tdimstr, ","); /* append the comma separator */ if (naxes[ii] < 0) { ffpmsg("one or more TDIM values are less than 0 (ffptdm)"); return(*status = BAD_TDIM); } snprintf(value, 80,"%ld", naxes[ii]); /* This will either be followed by a ',' or ')'. */ if (strlen(tdimstr)+strlen(value)+1 > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("TDIM string too long (ffptdm)"); return(*status = BAD_TDIM); } strcat(tdimstr, value); /* append the axis size */ totalpix *= naxes[ii]; } colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column structure */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* point to the specified column number */ if ((long) colptr->trepeat != totalpix) { /* There is an apparent inconsistency between TDIMn and TFORMn. */ /* The colptr->trepeat value may be out of date, so re-read */ /* the TFORMn keyword to be sure. */ ffkeyn("TFORM", colnum, keyname, status); /* construct TFORMn name */ ffgkys(fptr, keyname, value, NULL, status); /* read TFORMn keyword */ ffbnfm(value, NULL, &repeat, NULL, status); /* parse the repeat count */ if (*status > 0 || repeat != totalpix) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "column vector length, %ld, does not equal TDIMn array size, %ld", (long) colptr->trepeat, totalpix); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_TDIM); } } strcat(tdimstr, ")" ); /* append the closing parenthesis */ strcpy(comm, "size of the multidimensional array"); ffkeyn("TDIM", colnum, keyname, status); /* construct TDIMn name */ ffpkys(fptr, keyname, tdimstr, comm, status); /* write the keyword */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffptdmll( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the data array */ LONGLONG naxes[], /* I - length of each data axis */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* write the TDIMnnn keyword describing the dimensionality of a column */ { char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], tdimstr[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT]; char value[80], message[81]; int ii; LONGLONG totalpix = 1, repeat; tcolumn *colptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (colnum < 1 || colnum > 999) { ffpmsg("column number is out of range 1 - 999 (ffptdm)"); return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM); } if (naxis < 1) { ffpmsg("naxis is less than 1 (ffptdm)"); return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); } /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */ if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED) if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0) /* rescan header */ return(*status); if ( (fptr->Fptr)->hdutype != BINARY_TBL) { ffpmsg( "Error: The TDIMn keyword is only allowed in BINTABLE extensions (ffptdm)"); return(*status = NOT_BTABLE); } strcpy(tdimstr, "("); /* start constructing the TDIM value */ for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { if (ii > 0) strcat(tdimstr, ","); /* append the comma separator */ if (naxes[ii] < 0) { ffpmsg("one or more TDIM values are less than 0 (ffptdm)"); return(*status = BAD_TDIM); } /* cast to double because the 64-bit int conversion character in */ /* sprintf is platform dependent ( %lld, %ld, %I64d ) */ snprintf(value, 80, "%.0f", (double) naxes[ii]); if (strlen(tdimstr)+strlen(value)+1 > FLEN_VALUE-1) { ffpmsg("TDIM string too long (ffptdmll)"); return(*status = BAD_TDIM); } strcat(tdimstr, value); /* append the axis size */ totalpix *= naxes[ii]; } colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr; /* point to first column structure */ colptr += (colnum - 1); /* point to the specified column number */ if ( colptr->trepeat != totalpix) { /* There is an apparent inconsistency between TDIMn and TFORMn. */ /* The colptr->trepeat value may be out of date, so re-read */ /* the TFORMn keyword to be sure. */ ffkeyn("TFORM", colnum, keyname, status); /* construct TFORMn name */ ffgkys(fptr, keyname, value, NULL, status); /* read TFORMn keyword */ ffbnfmll(value, NULL, &repeat, NULL, status); /* parse the repeat count */ if (*status > 0 || repeat != totalpix) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "column vector length, %.0f, does not equal TDIMn array size, %.0f", (double) (colptr->trepeat), (double) totalpix); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_TDIM); } } strcat(tdimstr, ")" ); /* append the closing parenthesis */ strcpy(comm, "size of the multidimensional array"); ffkeyn("TDIM", colnum, keyname, status); /* construct TDIMn name */ ffpkys(fptr, keyname, tdimstr, comm, status); /* write the keyword */ return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffphps( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int bitpix, /* I - number of bits per data value pixel */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the data array */ long naxes[], /* I - length of each data axis */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* write STANDARD set of required primary header keywords */ { int simple = 1; /* does file conform to FITS standard? 1/0 */ long pcount = 0; /* number of group parameters (usually 0) */ long gcount = 1; /* number of random groups (usually 1 or 0) */ int extend = 1; /* may FITS file have extensions? */ ffphpr(fptr, simple, bitpix, naxis, naxes, pcount, gcount, extend, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffphpsll( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int bitpix, /* I - number of bits per data value pixel */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the data array */ LONGLONG naxes[], /* I - length of each data axis */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* write STANDARD set of required primary header keywords */ { int simple = 1; /* does file conform to FITS standard? 1/0 */ LONGLONG pcount = 0; /* number of group parameters (usually 0) */ LONGLONG gcount = 1; /* number of random groups (usually 1 or 0) */ int extend = 1; /* may FITS file have extensions? */ ffphprll(fptr, simple, bitpix, naxis, naxes, pcount, gcount, extend, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffphpr( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int simple, /* I - does file conform to FITS standard? 1/0 */ int bitpix, /* I - number of bits per data value pixel */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the data array */ long naxes[], /* I - length of each data axis */ LONGLONG pcount, /* I - number of group parameters (usually 0) */ LONGLONG gcount, /* I - number of random groups (usually 1 or 0) */ int extend, /* I - may FITS file have extensions? */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* write required primary header keywords */ { int ii; LONGLONG naxesll[20]; for (ii = 0; (ii < naxis) && (ii < 20); ii++) naxesll[ii] = naxes[ii]; ffphprll(fptr, simple, bitpix, naxis, naxesll, pcount, gcount, extend, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffphprll( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int simple, /* I - does file conform to FITS standard? 1/0 */ int bitpix, /* I - number of bits per data value pixel */ int naxis, /* I - number of axes in the data array */ LONGLONG naxes[], /* I - length of each data axis */ LONGLONG pcount, /* I - number of group parameters (usually 0) */ LONGLONG gcount, /* I - number of random groups (usually 1 or 0) */ int extend, /* I - may FITS file have extensions? */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* write required primary header keywords */ { int ii; long longbitpix, tnaxes[20]; char name[FLEN_KEYWORD], comm[FLEN_COMMENT], message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->headend != (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu] ) return(*status = HEADER_NOT_EMPTY); if (naxis != 0) /* never try to compress a null image */ { if ( (fptr->Fptr)->request_compress_type ) { for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) tnaxes[ii] = (long) naxes[ii]; /* write header for a compressed image */ imcomp_init_table(fptr, bitpix, naxis, tnaxes, 1, status); return(*status); } } if ((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu == 0) { /* write primary array header */ if (simple) strcpy(comm, "file does conform to FITS standard"); else strcpy(comm, "file does not conform to FITS standard"); ffpkyl(fptr, "SIMPLE", simple, comm, status); } else { /* write IMAGE extension header */ strcpy(comm, "IMAGE extension"); ffpkys(fptr, "XTENSION", "IMAGE", comm, status); } longbitpix = bitpix; /* test for the 3 special cases that represent unsigned integers */ if (longbitpix == USHORT_IMG) longbitpix = SHORT_IMG; else if (longbitpix == ULONG_IMG) longbitpix = LONG_IMG; else if (longbitpix == ULONGLONG_IMG) longbitpix = LONGLONG_IMG; else if (longbitpix == SBYTE_IMG) longbitpix = BYTE_IMG; if (longbitpix != BYTE_IMG && longbitpix != SHORT_IMG && longbitpix != LONG_IMG && longbitpix != LONGLONG_IMG && longbitpix != FLOAT_IMG && longbitpix != DOUBLE_IMG) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal value for BITPIX keyword: %d", bitpix); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_BITPIX); } strcpy(comm, "number of bits per data pixel"); if (ffpkyj(fptr, "BITPIX", longbitpix, comm, status) > 0) return(*status); if (naxis < 0 || naxis > 999) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal value for NAXIS keyword: %d", naxis); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_NAXIS); } strcpy(comm, "number of data axes"); ffpkyj(fptr, "NAXIS", naxis, comm, status); strcpy(comm, "length of data axis "); for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { if (naxes[ii] < 0) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal negative value for NAXIS%d keyword: %.0f", ii + 1, (double) (naxes[ii])); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_NAXES); } snprintf(&comm[20], FLEN_COMMENT-20,"%d", ii + 1); ffkeyn("NAXIS", ii + 1, name, status); ffpkyj(fptr, name, naxes[ii], comm, status); } if ((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu == 0) /* the primary array */ { if (extend) { /* only write EXTEND keyword if value = true */ strcpy(comm, "FITS dataset may contain extensions"); ffpkyl(fptr, "EXTEND", extend, comm, status); } if (pcount < 0) { ffpmsg("pcount value is less than 0"); return(*status = BAD_PCOUNT); } else if (gcount < 1) { ffpmsg("gcount value is less than 1"); return(*status = BAD_GCOUNT); } else if (pcount > 0 || gcount > 1) { /* only write these keyword if non-standard values */ strcpy(comm, "random group records are present"); ffpkyl(fptr, "GROUPS", 1, comm, status); strcpy(comm, "number of random group parameters"); ffpkyj(fptr, "PCOUNT", pcount, comm, status); strcpy(comm, "number of random groups"); ffpkyj(fptr, "GCOUNT", gcount, comm, status); } /* write standard block of self-documentating comments */ ffprec(fptr, "COMMENT FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) format is defined in 'Astronomy", status); ffprec(fptr, "COMMENT and Astrophysics', volume 376, page 359; bibcode: 2001A&A...376..359H", status); } else /* an IMAGE extension */ { /* image extension; cannot have random groups */ if (pcount != 0) { ffpmsg("image extensions must have pcount = 0"); *status = BAD_PCOUNT; } else if (gcount != 1) { ffpmsg("image extensions must have gcount = 1"); *status = BAD_GCOUNT; } else { strcpy(comm, "required keyword; must = 0"); ffpkyj(fptr, "PCOUNT", 0, comm, status); strcpy(comm, "required keyword; must = 1"); ffpkyj(fptr, "GCOUNT", 1, comm, status); } } /* Write the BSCALE and BZERO keywords, if an unsigned integer image */ if (bitpix == USHORT_IMG) { strcpy(comm, "offset data range to that of unsigned short"); ffpkyg(fptr, "BZERO", 32768., 0, comm, status); strcpy(comm, "default scaling factor"); ffpkyg(fptr, "BSCALE", 1.0, 0, comm, status); } else if (bitpix == ULONG_IMG) { strcpy(comm, "offset data range to that of unsigned long"); ffpkyg(fptr, "BZERO", 2147483648., 0, comm, status); strcpy(comm, "default scaling factor"); ffpkyg(fptr, "BSCALE", 1.0, 0, comm, status); } else if (bitpix == ULONGLONG_IMG) { strcpy(card,"BZERO = 9223372036854775808 / offset data range to that of unsigned long long"); ffprec(fptr, card, status); strcpy(comm, "default scaling factor"); ffpkyg(fptr, "BSCALE", 1.0, 0, comm, status); } else if (bitpix == SBYTE_IMG) { strcpy(comm, "offset data range to that of signed byte"); ffpkyg(fptr, "BZERO", -128., 0, comm, status); strcpy(comm, "default scaling factor"); ffpkyg(fptr, "BSCALE", 1.0, 0, comm, status); } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffphtb(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ LONGLONG naxis1, /* I - width of row in the table */ LONGLONG naxis2, /* I - number of rows in the table */ int tfields, /* I - number of columns in the table */ char **ttype, /* I - name of each column */ long *tbcol, /* I - byte offset in row to each column */ char **tform, /* I - value of TFORMn keyword for each column */ char **tunit, /* I - value of TUNITn keyword for each column */ const char *extnmx, /* I - value of EXTNAME keyword, if any */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Put required Header keywords into the ASCII TaBle: */ { int ii, ncols, gotmem = 0; long rowlen; /* must be 'long' because it is passed to ffgabc */ char tfmt[30], name[FLEN_KEYWORD], comm[FLEN_COMMENT], extnm[FLEN_VALUE]; if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->headend != (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu] ) return(*status = HEADER_NOT_EMPTY); else if (naxis1 < 0) return(*status = NEG_WIDTH); else if (naxis2 < 0) return(*status = NEG_ROWS); else if (tfields < 0 || tfields > 999) return(*status = BAD_TFIELDS); extnm[0] = '\0'; if (extnmx) strncat(extnm, extnmx, FLEN_VALUE-1); rowlen = (long) naxis1; if (!tbcol || !tbcol[0] || (!naxis1 && tfields)) /* spacing not defined? */ { /* allocate mem for tbcol; malloc can have problems allocating small */ /* arrays, so allocate at least 20 bytes */ ncols = maxvalue(5, tfields); tbcol = (long *) calloc(ncols, sizeof(long)); if (tbcol) { gotmem = 1; /* calculate width of a row and starting position of each column. */ /* Each column will be separated by 1 blank space */ ffgabc(tfields, tform, 1, &rowlen, tbcol, status); } } ffpkys(fptr, "XTENSION", "TABLE", "ASCII table extension", status); ffpkyj(fptr, "BITPIX", 8, "8-bit ASCII characters", status); ffpkyj(fptr, "NAXIS", 2, "2-dimensional ASCII table", status); ffpkyj(fptr, "NAXIS1", rowlen, "width of table in characters", status); ffpkyj(fptr, "NAXIS2", naxis2, "number of rows in table", status); ffpkyj(fptr, "PCOUNT", 0, "no group parameters (required keyword)", status); ffpkyj(fptr, "GCOUNT", 1, "one data group (required keyword)", status); ffpkyj(fptr, "TFIELDS", tfields, "number of fields in each row", status); for (ii = 0; ii < tfields; ii++) /* loop over every column */ { if ( *(ttype[ii]) ) /* optional TTYPEn keyword */ { snprintf(comm, FLEN_COMMENT,"label for field %3d", ii + 1); ffkeyn("TTYPE", ii + 1, name, status); ffpkys(fptr, name, ttype[ii], comm, status); } if (tbcol[ii] < 1 || tbcol[ii] > rowlen) *status = BAD_TBCOL; snprintf(comm, FLEN_COMMENT,"beginning column of field %3d", ii + 1); ffkeyn("TBCOL", ii + 1, name, status); ffpkyj(fptr, name, tbcol[ii], comm, status); if (strlen(tform[ii]) > 29) { ffpmsg("Error: ASCII table TFORM code is too long (ffphtb)"); *status = BAD_TFORM; break; } strcpy(tfmt, tform[ii]); /* required TFORMn keyword */ ffupch(tfmt); ffkeyn("TFORM", ii + 1, name, status); ffpkys(fptr, name, tfmt, "Fortran-77 format of field", status); if (tunit) { if (tunit[ii] && *(tunit[ii]) ) /* optional TUNITn keyword */ { ffkeyn("TUNIT", ii + 1, name, status); ffpkys(fptr, name, tunit[ii], "physical unit of field", status) ; } } if (*status > 0) break; /* abort loop on error */ } if (extnm[0]) /* optional EXTNAME keyword */ ffpkys(fptr, "EXTNAME", extnm, "name of this ASCII table extension", status); if (*status > 0) ffpmsg("Failed to write ASCII table header keywords (ffphtb)"); if (gotmem) free(tbcol); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffphbn(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ LONGLONG naxis2, /* I - number of rows in the table */ int tfields, /* I - number of columns in the table */ char **ttype, /* I - name of each column */ char **tform, /* I - value of TFORMn keyword for each column */ char **tunit, /* I - value of TUNITn keyword for each column */ const char *extnmx, /* I - value of EXTNAME keyword, if any */ LONGLONG pcount, /* I - size of the variable length heap area */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Put required Header keywords into the Binary Table: */ { int ii, datatype, iread = 0; long repeat, width; LONGLONG naxis1; char tfmt[30], name[FLEN_KEYWORD], comm[FLEN_COMMENT], extnm[FLEN_VALUE]; char *cptr, card[FLEN_CARD]; tcolumn *colptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); if ((fptr->Fptr)->headend != (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu] ) return(*status = HEADER_NOT_EMPTY); else if (naxis2 < 0) return(*status = NEG_ROWS); else if (pcount < 0) return(*status = BAD_PCOUNT); else if (tfields < 0 || tfields > 999) return(*status = BAD_TFIELDS); extnm[0] = '\0'; if (extnmx) strncat(extnm, extnmx, FLEN_VALUE-1); ffpkys(fptr, "XTENSION", "BINTABLE", "binary table extension", status); ffpkyj(fptr, "BITPIX", 8, "8-bit bytes", status); ffpkyj(fptr, "NAXIS", 2, "2-dimensional binary table", status); naxis1 = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < tfields; ii++) /* sum the width of each field */ { ffbnfm(tform[ii], &datatype, &repeat, &width, status); if (datatype == TSTRING) naxis1 += repeat; /* one byte per char */ else if (datatype == TBIT) naxis1 += (repeat + 7) / 8; else if (datatype > 0) naxis1 += repeat * (datatype / 10); else if (tform[ii][0] == 'P' || tform[ii][1] == 'P'|| tform[ii][0] == 'p' || tform[ii][1] == 'p') /* this is a 'P' variable length descriptor (neg. datatype) */ naxis1 += 8; else /* this is a 'Q' variable length descriptor (neg. datatype) */ naxis1 += 16; if (*status > 0) break; /* abort loop on error */ } ffpkyj(fptr, "NAXIS1", naxis1, "width of table in bytes", status); ffpkyj(fptr, "NAXIS2", naxis2, "number of rows in table", status); /* the initial value of PCOUNT (= size of the variable length array heap) should always be zero. If any variable length data is written, then the value of PCOUNT will be updated when the HDU is closed */ ffpkyj(fptr, "PCOUNT", 0, "size of special data area", status); ffpkyj(fptr, "GCOUNT", 1, "one data group (required keyword)", status); ffpkyj(fptr, "TFIELDS", tfields, "number of fields in each row", status); for (ii = 0; ii < tfields; ii++) /* loop over every column */ { if ( *(ttype[ii]) ) /* optional TTYPEn keyword */ { snprintf(comm, FLEN_COMMENT,"label for field %3d", ii + 1); ffkeyn("TTYPE", ii + 1, name, status); ffpkys(fptr, name, ttype[ii], comm, status); } if (strlen(tform[ii]) > 29) { ffpmsg("Error: BIN table TFORM code is too long (ffphbn)"); *status = BAD_TFORM; break; } strcpy(tfmt, tform[ii]); /* required TFORMn keyword */ ffupch(tfmt); ffkeyn("TFORM", ii + 1, name, status); strcpy(comm, "data format of field"); ffbnfm(tfmt, &datatype, &repeat, &width, status); if (datatype == TSTRING) { strcat(comm, ": ASCII Character"); /* Do sanity check to see if an ASCII table format was used, */ /* e.g., 'A8' instead of '8A', or a bad unit width eg '8A9'. */ /* Don't want to return an error status, so write error into */ /* the keyword comment. */ cptr = strchr(tfmt,'A'); cptr++; if (cptr) iread = sscanf(cptr,"%ld", &width); if (iread == 1 && (width > repeat)) { if (repeat == 1) strcpy(comm, "ERROR?? USING ASCII TABLE SYNTAX BY MISTAKE??"); else strcpy(comm, "rAw FORMAT ERROR! UNIT WIDTH w > COLUMN WIDTH r"); } } else if (datatype == TBIT) strcat(comm, ": BIT"); else if (datatype == TBYTE) strcat(comm, ": BYTE"); else if (datatype == TLOGICAL) strcat(comm, ": 1-byte LOGICAL"); else if (datatype == TSHORT) strcat(comm, ": 2-byte INTEGER"); else if (datatype == TUSHORT) strcat(comm, ": 2-byte INTEGER"); else if (datatype == TLONG) strcat(comm, ": 4-byte INTEGER"); else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) strcat(comm, ": 8-byte INTEGER"); else if (datatype == TULONG) strcat(comm, ": 4-byte INTEGER"); else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) strcat(comm, ": 8-byte INTEGER"); else if (datatype == TFLOAT) strcat(comm, ": 4-byte REAL"); else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) strcat(comm, ": 8-byte DOUBLE"); else if (datatype == TCOMPLEX) strcat(comm, ": COMPLEX"); else if (datatype == TDBLCOMPLEX) strcat(comm, ": DOUBLE COMPLEX"); else if (datatype < 0) strcat(comm, ": variable length array"); if (abs(datatype) == TSBYTE) /* signed bytes */ { /* Replace the 'S' with an 'B' in the TFORMn code */ cptr = tfmt; while (*cptr != 'S') cptr++; *cptr = 'B'; ffpkys(fptr, name, tfmt, comm, status); /* write the TZEROn and TSCALn keywords */ ffkeyn("TZERO", ii + 1, name, status); strcpy(comm, "offset for signed bytes"); ffpkyg(fptr, name, -128., 0, comm, status); ffkeyn("TSCAL", ii + 1, name, status); strcpy(comm, "data are not scaled"); ffpkyg(fptr, name, 1., 0, comm, status); } else if (abs(datatype) == TUSHORT) { /* Replace the 'U' with an 'I' in the TFORMn code */ cptr = tfmt; while (*cptr != 'U') cptr++; *cptr = 'I'; ffpkys(fptr, name, tfmt, comm, status); /* write the TZEROn and TSCALn keywords */ ffkeyn("TZERO", ii + 1, name, status); strcpy(comm, "offset for unsigned integers"); ffpkyg(fptr, name, 32768., 0, comm, status); ffkeyn("TSCAL", ii + 1, name, status); strcpy(comm, "data are not scaled"); ffpkyg(fptr, name, 1., 0, comm, status); } else if (abs(datatype) == TULONG) { /* Replace the 'V' with an 'J' in the TFORMn code */ cptr = tfmt; while (*cptr != 'V') cptr++; *cptr = 'J'; ffpkys(fptr, name, tfmt, comm, status); /* write the TZEROn and TSCALn keywords */ ffkeyn("TZERO", ii + 1, name, status); strcpy(comm, "offset for unsigned integers"); ffpkyg(fptr, name, 2147483648., 0, comm, status); ffkeyn("TSCAL", ii + 1, name, status); strcpy(comm, "data are not scaled"); ffpkyg(fptr, name, 1., 0, comm, status); } else if (abs(datatype) == TULONGLONG) { /* Replace the 'W' with an 'K' in the TFORMn code */ cptr = tfmt; while (*cptr != 'W') cptr++; *cptr = 'K'; ffpkys(fptr, name, tfmt, comm, status); /* write the TZEROn and TSCALn keywords */ ffkeyn("TZERO", ii + 1, card, status); strcat(card, " "); /* make sure name is >= 8 chars long */ *(card+8) = '\0'; strcat(card, "= 9223372036854775808 / offset for unsigned integers"); fits_write_record(fptr, card, status); ffkeyn("TSCAL", ii + 1, name, status); strcpy(comm, "data are not scaled"); ffpkyg(fptr, name, 1., 0, comm, status); } else { ffpkys(fptr, name, tfmt, comm, status); } if (tunit) { if (tunit[ii] && *(tunit[ii]) ) /* optional TUNITn keyword */ { ffkeyn("TUNIT", ii + 1, name, status); ffpkys(fptr, name, tunit[ii], "physical unit of field", status); } } if (*status > 0) break; /* abort loop on error */ } if (extnm[0]) /* optional EXTNAME keyword */ ffpkys(fptr, "EXTNAME", extnm, "name of this binary table extension", status); if (*status > 0) ffpmsg("Failed to write binary table header keywords (ffphbn)"); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffphext(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ const char *xtensionx, /* I - value for the XTENSION keyword */ int bitpix, /* I - value for the BIXPIX keyword */ int naxis, /* I - value for the NAXIS keyword */ long naxes[], /* I - value for the NAXISn keywords */ LONGLONG pcount, /* I - value for the PCOUNT keyword */ LONGLONG gcount, /* I - value for the GCOUNT keyword */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Put required Header keywords into a conforming extension: */ { char message[FLEN_ERRMSG],comm[81], name[20], xtension[FLEN_VALUE]; int ii; if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu) ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status); if (*status > 0) return(*status); else if ((fptr->Fptr)->headend != (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu] ) return(*status = HEADER_NOT_EMPTY); if (naxis < 0 || naxis > 999) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal value for NAXIS keyword: %d", naxis); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_NAXIS); } xtension[0] = '\0'; strncat(xtension, xtensionx, FLEN_VALUE-1); ffpkys(fptr, "XTENSION", xtension, "extension type", status); ffpkyj(fptr, "BITPIX", bitpix, "number of bits per data pixel", status); ffpkyj(fptr, "NAXIS", naxis, "number of data axes", status); strcpy(comm, "length of data axis "); for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { if (naxes[ii] < 0) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal negative value for NAXIS%d keyword: %.0f", ii + 1, (double) (naxes[ii])); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_NAXES); } snprintf(&comm[20], 61, "%d", ii + 1); ffkeyn("NAXIS", ii + 1, name, status); ffpkyj(fptr, name, naxes[ii], comm, status); } ffpkyj(fptr, "PCOUNT", pcount, " ", status); ffpkyj(fptr, "GCOUNT", gcount, " ", status); if (*status > 0) ffpmsg("Failed to write extension header keywords (ffphext)"); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffi2c(LONGLONG ival, /* I - value to be converted to a string */ char *cval, /* O - character string representation of the value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert value to a null-terminated formatted string. */ { if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); cval[0] = '\0'; #if defined(_MSC_VER) /* Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 uses '%I64d' syntax for 8-byte integers */ if (sprintf(cval, "%I64d", ival) < 0) #elif (USE_LL_SUFFIX == 1) if (sprintf(cval, "%lld", ival) < 0) #else if (sprintf(cval, "%ld", ival) < 0) #endif { ffpmsg("Error in ffi2c converting integer to string"); *status = BAD_I2C; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffu2c(ULONGLONG ival, /* I - value to be converted to a string */ char *cval, /* O - character string representation of the value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert value to a null-terminated formatted string. */ { if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); cval[0] = '\0'; #if defined(_MSC_VER) /* Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 uses '%I64d' syntax for 8-byte integers */ if (sprintf(cval, "%I64u", ival) < 0) #elif (USE_LL_SUFFIX == 1) if (sprintf(cval, "%llu", ival) < 0) #else if (sprintf(cval, "%lu", ival) < 0) #endif { ffpmsg("Error in ffu2c converting integer to string"); *status = BAD_I2C; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffl2c(int lval, /* I - value to be converted to a string */ char *cval, /* O - character string representation of the value */ int *status) /* IO - error status ) */ /* convert logical value to a null-terminated formatted string. If the input value == 0, then the output character is the letter F, else the output character is the letter T. The output string is null terminated. */ { if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (lval) strcpy(cval,"T"); else strcpy(cval,"F"); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffs2c(const char *instr, /* I - null terminated input string */ char *outstr, /* O - null terminated quoted output string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert an input string to a quoted string. Leading spaces are significant. FITS string keyword values must be at least 8 chars long so pad out string with spaces if necessary. (*** This 8 char requirement is now obsolete. See ffs2c_nopad for an alternative ***) Example: km/s ==> 'km/s ' Single quote characters in the input string will be replace by two single quote characters. e.g., o'brian ==> 'o''brian' */ { size_t len, ii, jj; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (!instr) /* a null input pointer?? */ { strcpy(outstr, "''"); /* a null FITS string */ return(*status); } outstr[0] = '\''; /* start output string with a quote */ len = strlen(instr); if (len > 68) len = 68; /* limit input string to 68 chars */ for (ii=0, jj=1; ii < len && jj < 69; ii++, jj++) { outstr[jj] = instr[ii]; /* copy each char from input to output */ if (instr[ii] == '\'') { jj++; outstr[jj]='\''; /* duplicate any apostrophies in the input */ } } for (; jj < 9; jj++) /* pad string so it is at least 8 chars long */ outstr[jj] = ' '; if (jj == 70) /* only occurs if the last char of string was a quote */ outstr[69] = '\0'; else { outstr[jj] = '\''; /* append closing quote character */ outstr[jj+1] = '\0'; /* terminate the string */ } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffs2c_nopad(const char *instr, /* I - null terminated input string */ char *outstr, /* O - null terminated quoted output string */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* This performs identically to ffs2c except that it won't pad output strings to make them a minimum of 8 chars long. The requirement that FITS keyword string values be 8 characters is now obsolete (except for "XTENSION" keyword), but for backwards compatibility we'll keep ffs2c the way it is. A better solution would be to add another argument to ffs2c for 'pad' or 'nopad', but it is called from many other places in Heasoft outside of CFITSIO. */ { size_t len, ii, jj; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (!instr) /* a null input pointer?? */ { strcpy(outstr, "''"); /* a null FITS string */ return(*status); } outstr[0] = '\''; /* start output string with a quote */ len = strlen(instr); if (len > 68) len = 68; /* limit input string to 68 chars */ for (ii=0, jj=1; ii < len && jj < 69; ii++, jj++) { outstr[jj] = instr[ii]; /* copy each char from input to output */ if (instr[ii] == '\'') { jj++; outstr[jj]='\''; /* duplicate any apostrophies in the input */ } } if (jj == 70) /* only occurs if the last char of string was a quote */ outstr[69] = '\0'; else { outstr[jj] = '\''; /* append closing quote character */ outstr[jj+1] = '\0'; /* terminate the string */ } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffr2f(float fval, /* I - value to be converted to a string */ int decim, /* I - number of decimal places to display */ char *cval, /* O - character string representation of the value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert float value to a null-terminated F format string */ { char *cptr; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); cval[0] = '\0'; if (decim < 0) { ffpmsg("Error in ffr2f: no. of decimal places < 0"); return(*status = BAD_DECIM); } if (snprintf(cval, FLEN_VALUE,"%.*f", decim, fval) < 0) { ffpmsg("Error in ffr2f converting float to string"); *status = BAD_F2C; } /* replace comma with a period (e.g. in French locale) */ if ( (cptr = strchr(cval, ','))) *cptr = '.'; /* test if output string is 'NaN', 'INDEF', or 'INF' */ if (strchr(cval, 'N')) { ffpmsg("Error in ffr2f: float value is a NaN or INDEF"); *status = BAD_F2C; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffr2e(float fval, /* I - value to be converted to a string */ int decim, /* I - number of decimal places to display */ char *cval, /* O - character string representation of the value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert float value to a null-terminated exponential format string */ { char *cptr; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); cval[0] = '\0'; if (decim < 0) { /* use G format if decim is negative */ if ( snprintf(cval, FLEN_VALUE,"%.*G", -decim, fval) < 0) { ffpmsg("Error in ffr2e converting float to string"); *status = BAD_F2C; } else { /* test if E format was used, and there is no displayed decimal */ /* If locale is French, decimal will be a comma. So look for that too. */ if ( !strchr(cval, '.') && !strchr(cval, ',') && strchr(cval,'E') ) { /* reformat value with a decimal point and single zero */ if ( snprintf(cval, FLEN_VALUE,"%.1E", fval) < 0) { ffpmsg("Error in ffr2e converting float to string"); *status = BAD_F2C; } /* convert French locale comma to a decimal point.*/ if ((cptr = strchr(cval, ','))) *cptr = '.'; return(*status); } } } else { if ( snprintf(cval, FLEN_VALUE,"%.*E", decim, fval) < 0) { ffpmsg("Error in ffr2e converting float to string"); *status = BAD_F2C; } } if (*status <= 0) { /* replace comma with a period (e.g. in French locale) */ if ( (cptr = strchr(cval, ','))) *cptr = '.'; /* test if output string is 'NaN', 'INDEF', or 'INF' */ if (strchr(cval, 'N')) { ffpmsg("Error in ffr2e: float value is a NaN or INDEF"); *status = BAD_F2C; } else if ( !strchr(cval, '.') && !strchr(cval,'E') && strlen(cval) < FLEN_VALUE-1 ) { /* add decimal point if necessary to distinquish from integer */ strcat(cval, "."); } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffd2f(double dval, /* I - value to be converted to a string */ int decim, /* I - number of decimal places to display */ char *cval, /* O - character string representation of the value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert double value to a null-terminated F format string */ { char *cptr; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); cval[0] = '\0'; if (decim < 0) { ffpmsg("Error in ffd2f: no. of decimal places < 0"); return(*status = BAD_DECIM); } if (snprintf(cval, FLEN_VALUE,"%.*f", decim, dval) < 0) { ffpmsg("Error in ffd2f converting double to string"); *status = BAD_F2C; } /* replace comma with a period (e.g. in French locale) */ if ( (cptr = strchr(cval, ','))) *cptr = '.'; /* test if output string is 'NaN', 'INDEF', or 'INF' */ if (strchr(cval, 'N')) { ffpmsg("Error in ffd2f: double value is a NaN or INDEF"); *status = BAD_F2C; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffd2e(double dval, /* I - value to be converted to a string */ int decim, /* I - number of decimal places to display */ char *cval, /* O - character string representation of the value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* convert double value to a null-terminated exponential format string. */ { char *cptr; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); cval[0] = '\0'; if (decim < 0) { /* use G format if decim is negative */ if ( snprintf(cval, FLEN_VALUE,"%.*G", -decim, dval) < 0) { ffpmsg("Error in ffd2e converting float to string"); *status = BAD_F2C; } else { /* test if E format was used, and there is no displayed decimal */ /* If locale is French, decimal will be a comma. So look for that too. */ if ( !strchr(cval, '.') && !strchr(cval, ',') && strchr(cval,'E') ) { /* reformat value with a decimal point and single zero */ if ( snprintf(cval, FLEN_VALUE,"%.1E", dval) < 0) { ffpmsg("Error in ffd2e converting float to string"); *status = BAD_F2C; } /* convert French locale comma to a decimal point.*/ if ((cptr = strchr(cval, ','))) *cptr = '.'; return(*status); } } } else { if ( snprintf(cval, FLEN_VALUE,"%.*E", decim, dval) < 0) { ffpmsg("Error in ffd2e converting float to string"); *status = BAD_F2C; } } if (*status <= 0) { /* replace comma with a period (e.g. in French locale) */ if ( (cptr = strchr(cval, ','))) *cptr = '.'; /* test if output string is 'NaN', 'INDEF', or 'INF' */ if (strchr(cval, 'N')) { ffpmsg("Error in ffd2e: double value is a NaN or INDEF"); *status = BAD_F2C; } else if ( !strchr(cval, '.') && !strchr(cval,'E') && strlen(cval) < FLEN_VALUE-1) { /* add decimal point if necessary to distinquish from integer */ strcat(cval, "."); } } return(*status); } cfitsio-4.3.1/getcolj.c0000644000225700000360000044140113472024437014252 0ustar cagordonlhea/* This file, getcolj.c, contains routines that read data elements from */ /* a FITS image or table, with long data type. */ /* The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy */ /* Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA */ /* Goddard Space Flight Center. */ #include #include #include #include #include "fitsio2.h" /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgpvj( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ long nulval, /* I - value for undefined pixels */ long *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Undefined elements will be set equal to NULVAL, unless NULVAL=0 in which case no checking for undefined values will be performed. ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined. */ { long row; char cdummy; int nullcheck = 1; long nullvalue; if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ nullvalue = nulval; /* set local variable */ fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TLONG, firstelem, nelem, nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ row=maxvalue(1,group); ffgclj(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval, array, &cdummy, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgpfj( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ long *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ char *nularray, /* O - array of null pixel flags */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Any undefined pixels in the returned array will be set = 0 and the corresponding nularray value will be set = 1. ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined. */ { long row; int nullcheck = 2; if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TLONG, firstelem, nelem, nullcheck, NULL, array, nularray, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ row=maxvalue(1,group); ffgclj(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0L, array, nularray, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffg2dj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group) */ long nulval, /* set undefined pixels equal to this */ LONGLONG ncols, /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */ LONGLONG naxis1, /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value */ LONGLONG naxis2, /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value */ long *array, /* O - array to be filled and returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an entire 2-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Any null values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed. */ { /* call the 3D reading routine, with the 3rd dimension = 1 */ ffg3dj(fptr, group, nulval, ncols, naxis2, naxis1, naxis2, 1, array, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffg3dj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group) */ long nulval, /* set undefined pixels equal to this */ LONGLONG ncols, /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */ LONGLONG nrows, /* I - number of rows in each plane of array */ LONGLONG naxis1, /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value */ LONGLONG naxis2, /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value */ LONGLONG naxis3, /* I - FITS image NAXIS3 value */ long *array, /* O - array to be filled and returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an entire 3-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Any null values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed. */ { long tablerow, ii, jj; char cdummy; int nullcheck = 1; long inc[] = {1,1,1}; LONGLONG fpixel[] = {1,1,1}, nfits, narray; LONGLONG lpixel[3], nullvalue; if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ lpixel[0] = ncols; lpixel[1] = nrows; lpixel[2] = naxis3; nullvalue = nulval; /* set local variable */ fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TLONG, fpixel, lpixel, inc, nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ tablerow=maxvalue(1,group); if (ncols == naxis1 && nrows == naxis2) /* arrays have same size? */ { /* all the image pixels are contiguous, so read all at once */ ffgclj(fptr, 2, tablerow, 1, naxis1 * naxis2 * naxis3, 1, 1, nulval, array, &cdummy, anynul, status); return(*status); } if (ncols < naxis1 || nrows < naxis2) return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); nfits = 1; /* next pixel in FITS image to read */ narray = 0; /* next pixel in output array to be filled */ /* loop over naxis3 planes in the data cube */ for (jj = 0; jj < naxis3; jj++) { /* loop over the naxis2 rows in the FITS image, */ /* reading naxis1 pixels to each row */ for (ii = 0; ii < naxis2; ii++) { if (ffgclj(fptr, 2, tablerow, nfits, naxis1, 1, 1, nulval, &array[narray], &cdummy, anynul, status) > 0) return(*status); nfits += naxis1; narray += ncols; } narray += (nrows - naxis2) * ncols; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgsvj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st) */ int naxis, /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array */ long *naxes, /* I - size of each dimension */ long *blc, /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection */ long *trc, /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection */ long *inc, /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */ long nulval, /* I - value to set undefined pixels */ long *array, /* O - array to be filled and returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column. This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions. */ { long ii,i0, i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,row,rstr,rstp,rinc; long str[9],stp[9],incr[9],dir[9]; long nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol; LONGLONG felem, dsize[10], blcll[9], trcll[9]; int hdutype, anyf; char ldummy, msg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; int nullcheck = 1; long nullvalue; if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9) { snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvj is out of range", naxis); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); } if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) { blcll[ii] = blc[ii]; trcll[ii] = trc[ii]; } nullvalue = nulval; /* set local variable */ fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TLONG, blcll, trcll, inc, nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1). */ if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0) return(*status); if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { /* this is a primary array, or image extension */ if (colnum == 0) { rstr = 1; rstp = 1; } else { rstr = colnum; rstp = colnum; } rinc = 1; numcol = 2; } else { /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */ rstr = blc[naxis]; rstp = trc[naxis]; rinc = inc[naxis]; numcol = colnum; } nultyp = 1; if (anynul) *anynul = FALSE; i0 = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++) { str[ii] = 1; stp[ii] = 1; incr[ii] = 1; dsize[ii] = 1; dir[ii] = 1; } for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { if (trc[ii] < blc[ii]) { if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { dir[ii] = -1; } else { snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvj: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM); } } str[ii] = blc[ii]; stp[ii] = trc[ii]; incr[ii] = inc[ii]; dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii]; dsize[ii] = dsize[ii] * dir[ii]; } dsize[naxis] = dsize[naxis] * dir[naxis]; if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1) { /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */ nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1; ninc = rinc; rstp = rstr; } else { /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */ nelem = (stp[0]*dir[0] - str[0]*dir[0]) / inc[0] + 1; ninc = incr[0] * dir[0]; } for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc) { for (i8 = str[8]*dir[8]; i8 <= stp[8]*dir[8]; i8 += incr[8]) { for (i7 = str[7]*dir[7]; i7 <= stp[7]*dir[7]; i7 += incr[7]) { for (i6 = str[6]*dir[6]; i6 <= stp[6]*dir[6]; i6 += incr[6]) { for (i5 = str[5]*dir[5]; i5 <= stp[5]*dir[5]; i5 += incr[5]) { for (i4 = str[4]*dir[4]; i4 <= stp[4]*dir[4]; i4 += incr[4]) { for (i3 = str[3]*dir[3]; i3 <= stp[3]*dir[3]; i3 += incr[3]) { for (i2 = str[2]*dir[2]; i2 <= stp[2]*dir[2]; i2 += incr[2]) { for (i1 = str[1]*dir[1]; i1 <= stp[1]*dir[1]; i1 += incr[1]) { felem=str[0] + (i1 - dir[1]) * dsize[1] + (i2 - dir[2]) * dsize[2] + (i3 - dir[3]) * dsize[3] + (i4 - dir[4]) * dsize[4] + (i5 - dir[5]) * dsize[5] + (i6 - dir[6]) * dsize[6] + (i7 - dir[7]) * dsize[7] + (i8 - dir[8]) * dsize[8]; if ( ffgclj(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp, nulval, &array[i0], &ldummy, &anyf, status) > 0) return(*status); if (anyf && anynul) *anynul = TRUE; i0 += nelem; } } } } } } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgsfj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st) */ int naxis, /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array */ long *naxes, /* I - size of each dimension */ long *blc, /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection */ long *trc, /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection */ long *inc, /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */ long *array, /* O - array to be filled and returned */ char *flagval, /* O - set to 1 if corresponding value is null */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column. This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions. */ { long ii,i0, i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,row,rstr,rstp,rinc; long str[9],stp[9],incr[9],dsize[10]; LONGLONG blcll[9], trcll[9]; long felem, nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol; long nulval = 0; int hdutype, anyf; char msg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; int nullcheck = 2; if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9) { snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvj is out of range", naxis); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); } if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) { blcll[ii] = blc[ii]; trcll[ii] = trc[ii]; } fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TLONG, blcll, trcll, inc, nullcheck, NULL, array, flagval, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1). */ if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0) return(*status); if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { /* this is a primary array, or image extension */ if (colnum == 0) { rstr = 1; rstp = 1; } else { rstr = colnum; rstp = colnum; } rinc = 1; numcol = 2; } else { /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */ rstr = blc[naxis]; rstp = trc[naxis]; rinc = inc[naxis]; numcol = colnum; } nultyp = 2; if (anynul) *anynul = FALSE; i0 = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++) { str[ii] = 1; stp[ii] = 1; incr[ii] = 1; dsize[ii] = 1; } for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { if (trc[ii] < blc[ii]) { snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvj: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM); } str[ii] = blc[ii]; stp[ii] = trc[ii]; incr[ii] = inc[ii]; dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii]; } if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1) { /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */ nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1; ninc = rinc; rstp = rstr; } else { /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */ nelem = (stp[0] - str[0]) / inc[0] + 1; ninc = incr[0]; } for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc) { for (i8 = str[8]; i8 <= stp[8]; i8 += incr[8]) { for (i7 = str[7]; i7 <= stp[7]; i7 += incr[7]) { for (i6 = str[6]; i6 <= stp[6]; i6 += incr[6]) { for (i5 = str[5]; i5 <= stp[5]; i5 += incr[5]) { for (i4 = str[4]; i4 <= stp[4]; i4 += incr[4]) { for (i3 = str[3]; i3 <= stp[3]; i3 += incr[3]) { for (i2 = str[2]; i2 <= stp[2]; i2 += incr[2]) { for (i1 = str[1]; i1 <= stp[1]; i1 += incr[1]) { felem=str[0] + (i1 - 1) * dsize[1] + (i2 - 1) * dsize[2] + (i3 - 1) * dsize[3] + (i4 - 1) * dsize[4] + (i5 - 1) * dsize[5] + (i6 - 1) * dsize[6] + (i7 - 1) * dsize[7] + (i8 - 1) * dsize[8]; if ( ffgclj(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp, nulval, &array[i0], &flagval[i0], &anyf, status) > 0) return(*status); if (anyf && anynul) *anynul = TRUE; i0 += nelem; } } } } } } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffggpj( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group) */ long firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ long nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ long *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of group parameters from the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). */ { long row; int idummy; char cdummy; /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ row=maxvalue(1,group); ffgclj(fptr, 1, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0L, array, &cdummy, &idummy, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcvj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ long nulval, /* I - value for null pixels */ long *array, /* O - array of values that are read */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined. Any undefined pixels will be set equal to the value of 'nulval' unless nulval = 0 in which case no checks for undefined pixels will be made. */ { char cdummy; ffgclj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval, array, &cdummy, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcfj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ long *array, /* O - array of values that are read */ char *nularray, /* O - array of flags: 1 if null pixel; else 0 */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined. Nularray will be set = 1 if the corresponding array pixel is undefined, otherwise nularray will = 0. */ { long dummy = 0; ffgclj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, dummy, array, nularray, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgclj( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ long elemincre, /* I - pixel increment; e.g., 2 = every other */ int nultyp, /* I - null value handling code: */ /* 1: set undefined pixels = nulval */ /* 2: set nularray=1 for undefined pixels */ long nulval, /* I - value for null pixels if nultyp = 1 */ long *array, /* O - array of values that are read */ char *nularray, /* O - array of flags = 1 if nultyp = 2 */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. The column number may refer to a real column in an ASCII or binary table, or it may refer be a virtual column in a 1 or more grouped FITS primary array or image extension. FITSIO treats a primary array as a binary table with 2 vector columns: the first column contains the group parameters (often with length = 0) and the second column contains the array of image pixels. Each row of the table represents a group in the case of multigroup FITS images. The output array of values will be converted from the datatype of the column and will be scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary. */ { double scale, zero, power = 1., dtemp; int tcode, maxelem2, hdutype, xcode, decimals; long twidth, incre; long ii, xwidth, ntodo; int convert, nulcheck, readcheck = 0; LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, readptr, tnull; LONGLONG rowlen, rownum, remain, next, rowincre, maxelem; char tform[20]; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; char snull[20]; /* the FITS null value if reading from ASCII table */ double cbuff[DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double)]; /* align cbuff on word boundary */ void *buffer; if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); buffer = cbuff; if (anynul) *anynul = 0; if (nultyp == 2) memset(nularray, 0, (size_t) nelem); /* initialize nullarray */ /*---------------------------------------------------*/ /* Check input and get parameters about the column: */ /*---------------------------------------------------*/ if (elemincre < 0) readcheck = -1; /* don't do range checking in this case */ if (ffgcprll(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, readcheck, &scale, &zero, tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem2, &startpos, &elemnum, &incre, &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0 ) return(*status); maxelem = maxelem2; incre *= elemincre; /* multiply incre to just get every nth pixel */ if (tcode == TSTRING) /* setup for ASCII tables */ { /* get the number of implied decimal places if no explicit decmal point */ ffasfm(tform, &xcode, &xwidth, &decimals, status); for(ii = 0; ii < decimals; ii++) power *= 10.; } /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Decide whether to check for null values in the input FITS file: */ /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/ nulcheck = nultyp; /* by default check for null values in the FITS file */ if (nultyp == 1 && nulval == 0) nulcheck = 0; /* calling routine does not want to check for nulls */ else if (tcode%10 == 1 && /* if reading an integer column, and */ tnull == NULL_UNDEFINED) /* if a null value is not defined, */ nulcheck = 0; /* then do not check for null values. */ else if (tcode == TSHORT && (tnull > SHRT_MAX || tnull < SHRT_MIN) ) nulcheck = 0; /* Impossible null value */ else if (tcode == TBYTE && (tnull > 255 || tnull < 0) ) nulcheck = 0; /* Impossible null value */ else if (tcode == TSTRING && snull[0] == ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED) nulcheck = 0; /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* If FITS column and output data array have same datatype, then we do */ /* not need to use a temporary buffer to store intermediate datatype. */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ convert = 1; if ((tcode == TLONG) && (LONGSIZE == 32)) /* Special Case: */ { /* no type convertion required, so read */ /* data directly into output buffer. */ if (nelem < (LONGLONG)INT32_MAX/4) { maxelem = nelem; } else { maxelem = INT32_MAX/4; } if (nulcheck == 0 && scale == 1. && zero == 0. ) convert = 0; /* no need to scale data or find nulls */ } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Now read the pixels from the FITS column. If the column does not */ /* have the same datatype as the output array, then we have to read */ /* the raw values into a temporary buffer (of limited size). In */ /* the case of a vector colum read only 1 vector of values at a time */ /* then skip to the next row if more values need to be read. */ /* After reading the raw values, then call the fffXXYY routine to (1) */ /* test for undefined values, (2) convert the datatype if necessary, */ /* and (3) scale the values by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn linear */ /* scaling parameters. */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ remain = nelem; /* remaining number of values to read */ next = 0; /* next element in array to be read */ rownum = 0; /* row number, relative to firstrow */ while (remain) { /* limit the number of pixels to read at one time to the number that will fit in the buffer or to the number of pixels that remain in the current vector, which ever is smaller. */ ntodo = (long) minvalue(remain, maxelem); if (elemincre >= 0) { ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, ((repeat - elemnum - 1)/elemincre +1)); } else { ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, (elemnum/(-elemincre) +1)); } readptr = startpos + ((LONGLONG)rownum * rowlen) + (elemnum * (incre / elemincre)); switch (tcode) { case (TLONG): if (LONGSIZE == 32) { ffgi4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (INT32BIT *) &array[next], status); if (convert) fffi4i4((INT32BIT *) &array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, (INT32BIT) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); } else { /* case where sizeof(long) = 8 */ ffgi4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (INT32BIT *) buffer, status); if (convert) fffi4i4((INT32BIT *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, (INT32BIT) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); } break; case (TLONGLONG): ffgi8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (long *) buffer, status); fffi8i4((LONGLONG *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TBYTE): ffgi1b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (unsigned char *) buffer, status); fffi1i4((unsigned char *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TSHORT): ffgi2b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (short *) buffer, status); fffi2i4((short *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, (short) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TFLOAT): ffgr4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (float *) buffer, status); fffr4i4((float *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TDOUBLE): ffgr8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (double *) buffer, status); fffr8i4((double *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TSTRING): ffmbyt(fptr, readptr, REPORT_EOF, status); if (incre == twidth) /* contiguous bytes */ ffgbyt(fptr, ntodo * twidth, buffer, status); else ffgbytoff(fptr, twidth, ntodo, incre - twidth, buffer, status); fffstri4((char *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, twidth, power, nulcheck, snull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; default: /* error trap for invalid column format */ snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Cannot read numbers from column %d which has format %s", colnum, tform); ffpmsg(message); if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL) return(*status = BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT); else return(*status = BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT); } /* End of switch block */ /*-------------------------*/ /* Check for fatal error */ /*-------------------------*/ if (*status > 0) /* test for error during previous read operation */ { dtemp = (double) next; if (hdutype > 0) snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from column %d (ffgclj).", dtemp+1., dtemp+ntodo, colnum); else snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from image (ffgclj).", dtemp+1., dtemp+ntodo); ffpmsg(message); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------*/ /* increment the counters for the next loop */ /*--------------------------------------------*/ remain -= ntodo; if (remain) { next += ntodo; elemnum = elemnum + (ntodo * elemincre); if (elemnum >= repeat) /* completed a row; start on later row */ { rowincre = elemnum / repeat; rownum += rowincre; elemnum = elemnum - (rowincre * repeat); } else if (elemnum < 0) /* completed a row; start on a previous row */ { rowincre = (-elemnum - 1) / repeat + 1; rownum -= rowincre; elemnum = (rowincre * repeat) + elemnum; } } } /* End of main while Loop */ /*--------------------------------*/ /* check for numerical overflow */ /*--------------------------------*/ if (*status == OVERFLOW_ERR) { ffpmsg( "Numerical overflow during type conversion while reading FITS data."); *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffi1i4(unsigned char *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ unsigned char tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ long nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ long *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) output[ii] = (long) input[ii]; /* copy input to output */ } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else output[ii] = (long) input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffi2i4(short *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ short tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ long nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ long *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) output[ii] = (long) input[ii]; /* copy input to output */ } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else output[ii] = (long) input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffi4i4(INT32BIT *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ INT32BIT tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ long nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ long *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { output[ii] = (long) input[ii]; /* copy input to output */ } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else output[ii] = input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffi8i4(LONGLONG *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ LONGLONG tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ long nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ long *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; ULONGLONG ulltemp; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 9223372036854775808.) { /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */ /* Instead of adding 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */ /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { ulltemp = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000); if (ulltemp > LONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else { output[ii] = (long) ulltemp; } } } else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] < LONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (input[ii] > LONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 9223372036854775808.) { /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */ /* Instead of subtracting 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */ /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { ulltemp = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000); if (ulltemp > LONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else { output[ii] = (long) ulltemp; } } } } else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { if (input[ii] < LONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (input[ii] > LONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) input[ii]; } } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffr4i4(float *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ long nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ long *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; short *sptr, iret; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (input[ii] > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { sptr = (short *) input; #if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS sptr++; /* point to MSBs */ #endif if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2) { if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) ) /* test for NaN or underflow */ { if (iret == 1) /* is it a NaN? */ { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else /* it's an underflow */ output[ii] = 0; } else { if (input[ii] < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (input[ii] > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) input[ii]; } } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2) { if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) ) /* test for NaN or underflow */ { if (iret == 1) /* is it a NaN? */ { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else /* it's an underflow */ { if (zero < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (zero > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) zero; } } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffr8i4(double *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ long nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ long *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; short *sptr, iret; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (input[ii] > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { sptr = (short *) input; #if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS sptr += 3; /* point to MSBs */ #endif if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4) { if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) ) /* test for NaN or underflow */ { if (iret == 1) /* is it a NaN? */ { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else /* it's an underflow */ output[ii] = 0; } else { if (input[ii] < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (input[ii] > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) input[ii]; } } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4) { if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) ) /* test for NaN or underflow */ { if (iret == 1) /* is it a NaN? */ { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else /* it's an underflow */ { if (zero < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (zero > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) zero; } } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffstri4(char *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ long twidth, /* I - width of each substring of chars */ double implipower, /* I - power of 10 of implied decimal */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ char *snull, /* I - value of FITS null string, if any */ long nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ long *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to snull. If nullcheck= 0, then no special checking for nulls is performed. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { int nullen; long ii; double dvalue; char *cstring, message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; char *cptr, *tpos; char tempstore, chrzero = '0'; double val, power; int exponent, sign, esign, decpt; nullen = strlen(snull); cptr = input; /* pointer to start of input string */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { cstring = cptr; /* temporarily insert a null terminator at end of the string */ tpos = cptr + twidth; tempstore = *tpos; *tpos = 0; /* check if null value is defined, and if the */ /* column string is identical to the null string */ if (snull[0] != ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED && !strncmp(snull, cptr, nullen) ) { if (nullcheck) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } cptr += twidth; } else { /* value is not the null value, so decode it */ /* remove any embedded blank characters from the string */ decpt = 0; sign = 1; val = 0.; power = 1.; exponent = 0; esign = 1; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip leading blanks */ cptr++; if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+') /* check for leading sign */ { if (*cptr == '-') sign = -1; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip blanks between sign and value */ cptr++; } while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9') { val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero; /* accumulate the value */ cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip embedded blanks in the value */ cptr++; } if (*cptr == '.' || *cptr == ',') /* check for decimal point */ { decpt = 1; /* set flag to show there was a decimal point */ cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip any blanks */ cptr++; while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9') { val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero; /* accumulate the value */ power = power * 10.; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip embedded blanks in the value */ cptr++; } } if (*cptr == 'E' || *cptr == 'D') /* check for exponent */ { cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip blanks */ cptr++; if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+') /* check for exponent sign */ { if (*cptr == '-') esign = -1; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip blanks between sign and exp */ cptr++; } while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9') { exponent = exponent * 10 + *cptr - chrzero; /* accumulate exp */ cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip embedded blanks */ cptr++; } } if (*cptr != 0) /* should end up at the null terminator */ { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Cannot read number from ASCII table"); ffpmsg(message); snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Column field = %s.", cstring); ffpmsg(message); /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */ *tpos = tempstore; return(*status = BAD_C2D); } if (!decpt) /* if no explicit decimal, use implied */ power = implipower; dvalue = (sign * val / power) * pow(10., (double) (esign * exponent)); dvalue = dvalue * scale + zero; /* apply the scaling */ if (dvalue < DLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (long) dvalue; } /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */ *tpos = tempstore; } return(*status); } /* ======================================================================== */ /* the following routines support the 'long long' data type */ /* ======================================================================== */ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgpvjj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ LONGLONG nulval, /* I - value for undefined pixels */ LONGLONG *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Undefined elements will be set equal to NULVAL, unless NULVAL=0 in which case no checking for undefined values will be performed. ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined. */ { long row; char cdummy; int nullcheck = 1; LONGLONG nullvalue; if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ nullvalue = nulval; /* set local variable */ fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TLONGLONG, firstelem, nelem, nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ row=maxvalue(1,group); ffgcljj(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval, array, &cdummy, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgpfjj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ LONGLONG *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ char *nularray, /* O - array of null pixel flags */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Any undefined pixels in the returned array will be set = 0 and the corresponding nularray value will be set = 1. ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined. */ { long row; int nullcheck = 2; LONGLONG dummy = 0; if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TLONGLONG, firstelem, nelem, nullcheck, NULL, array, nularray, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ row=maxvalue(1,group); ffgcljj(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, dummy, array, nularray, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffg2djj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG nulval ,/* set undefined pixels equal to this */ LONGLONG ncols, /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */ LONGLONG naxis1, /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value */ LONGLONG naxis2, /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value */ LONGLONG *array,/* O - array to be filled and returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an entire 2-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Any null values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed. */ { /* call the 3D reading routine, with the 3rd dimension = 1 */ ffg3djj(fptr, group, nulval, ncols, naxis2, naxis1, naxis2, 1, array, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffg3djj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group) */ LONGLONG nulval, /* set undefined pixels equal to this */ LONGLONG ncols, /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */ LONGLONG nrows, /* I - number of rows in each plane of array */ LONGLONG naxis1, /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value */ LONGLONG naxis2, /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value */ LONGLONG naxis3, /* I - FITS image NAXIS3 value */ LONGLONG *array,/* O - array to be filled and returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an entire 3-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). Any null values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed. */ { long tablerow, ii, jj; char cdummy; int nullcheck = 1; long inc[] = {1,1,1}; LONGLONG fpixel[] = {1,1,1}, nfits, narray; LONGLONG lpixel[3]; LONGLONG nullvalue; if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ lpixel[0] = ncols; lpixel[1] = nrows; lpixel[2] = naxis3; nullvalue = nulval; /* set local variable */ fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TLONGLONG, fpixel, lpixel, inc, nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ tablerow=maxvalue(1,group); if (ncols == naxis1 && nrows == naxis2) /* arrays have same size? */ { /* all the image pixels are contiguous, so read all at once */ ffgcljj(fptr, 2, tablerow, 1, naxis1 * naxis2 * naxis3, 1, 1, nulval, array, &cdummy, anynul, status); return(*status); } if (ncols < naxis1 || nrows < naxis2) return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); nfits = 1; /* next pixel in FITS image to read */ narray = 0; /* next pixel in output array to be filled */ /* loop over naxis3 planes in the data cube */ for (jj = 0; jj < naxis3; jj++) { /* loop over the naxis2 rows in the FITS image, */ /* reading naxis1 pixels to each row */ for (ii = 0; ii < naxis2; ii++) { if (ffgcljj(fptr, 2, tablerow, nfits, naxis1, 1, 1, nulval, &array[narray], &cdummy, anynul, status) > 0) return(*status); nfits += naxis1; narray += ncols; } narray += (nrows - naxis2) * ncols; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgsvjj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st) */ int naxis, /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array */ long *naxes, /* I - size of each dimension */ long *blc, /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection */ long *trc, /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection */ long *inc, /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */ LONGLONG nulval,/* I - value to set undefined pixels */ LONGLONG *array,/* O - array to be filled and returned */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column. This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions. */ { long ii,i0, i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,row,rstr,rstp,rinc; long str[9],stp[9],incr[9],dir[9]; long nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol; LONGLONG felem, dsize[10], blcll[9], trcll[9]; int hdutype, anyf; char ldummy, msg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; int nullcheck = 1; LONGLONG nullvalue; if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9) { snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvj is out of range", naxis); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); } if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) { blcll[ii] = blc[ii]; trcll[ii] = trc[ii]; } nullvalue = nulval; /* set local variable */ fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TLONGLONG, blcll, trcll, inc, nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1). */ if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0) return(*status); if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { /* this is a primary array, or image extension */ if (colnum == 0) { rstr = 1; rstp = 1; } else { rstr = colnum; rstp = colnum; } rinc = 1; numcol = 2; } else { /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */ rstr = blc[naxis]; rstp = trc[naxis]; rinc = inc[naxis]; numcol = colnum; } nultyp = 1; if (anynul) *anynul = FALSE; i0 = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++) { str[ii] = 1; stp[ii] = 1; incr[ii] = 1; dsize[ii] = 1; dir[ii] = 1; } for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { if (trc[ii] < blc[ii]) { if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { dir[ii] = -1; } else { snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvj: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM); } } str[ii] = blc[ii]; stp[ii] = trc[ii]; incr[ii] = inc[ii]; dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii]; dsize[ii] = dsize[ii] * dir[ii]; } dsize[naxis] = dsize[naxis] * dir[naxis]; if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1) { /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */ nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1; ninc = rinc; rstp = rstr; } else { /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */ nelem = (stp[0]*dir[0] - str[0]*dir[0]) / inc[0] + 1; ninc = incr[0] * dir[0]; } for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc) { for (i8 = str[8]*dir[8]; i8 <= stp[8]*dir[8]; i8 += incr[8]) { for (i7 = str[7]*dir[7]; i7 <= stp[7]*dir[7]; i7 += incr[7]) { for (i6 = str[6]*dir[6]; i6 <= stp[6]*dir[6]; i6 += incr[6]) { for (i5 = str[5]*dir[5]; i5 <= stp[5]*dir[5]; i5 += incr[5]) { for (i4 = str[4]*dir[4]; i4 <= stp[4]*dir[4]; i4 += incr[4]) { for (i3 = str[3]*dir[3]; i3 <= stp[3]*dir[3]; i3 += incr[3]) { for (i2 = str[2]*dir[2]; i2 <= stp[2]*dir[2]; i2 += incr[2]) { for (i1 = str[1]*dir[1]; i1 <= stp[1]*dir[1]; i1 += incr[1]) { felem=str[0] + (i1 - dir[1]) * dsize[1] + (i2 - dir[2]) * dsize[2] + (i3 - dir[3]) * dsize[3] + (i4 - dir[4]) * dsize[4] + (i5 - dir[5]) * dsize[5] + (i6 - dir[6]) * dsize[6] + (i7 - dir[7]) * dsize[7] + (i8 - dir[8]) * dsize[8]; if ( ffgcljj(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp, nulval, &array[i0], &ldummy, &anyf, status) > 0) return(*status); if (anyf && anynul) *anynul = TRUE; i0 += nelem; } } } } } } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgsfjj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st) */ int naxis, /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array */ long *naxes, /* I - size of each dimension */ long *blc, /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection */ long *trc, /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection */ long *inc, /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */ LONGLONG *array,/* O - array to be filled and returned */ char *flagval, /* O - set to 1 if corresponding value is null */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column. This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions. */ { long ii,i0, i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,row,rstr,rstp,rinc; long str[9],stp[9],incr[9],dsize[10]; LONGLONG blcll[9], trcll[9]; long felem, nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol; LONGLONG nulval = 0; int hdutype, anyf; char msg[FLEN_ERRMSG]; int nullcheck = 2; if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9) { snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvj is out of range", naxis); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); } if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status)) { /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */ for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) { blcll[ii] = blc[ii]; trcll[ii] = trc[ii]; } fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TLONGLONG, blcll, trcll, inc, nullcheck, NULL, array, flagval, anynul, status); return(*status); } /* if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1). */ if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0) return(*status); if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { /* this is a primary array, or image extension */ if (colnum == 0) { rstr = 1; rstp = 1; } else { rstr = colnum; rstp = colnum; } rinc = 1; numcol = 2; } else { /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */ rstr = blc[naxis]; rstp = trc[naxis]; rinc = inc[naxis]; numcol = colnum; } nultyp = 2; if (anynul) *anynul = FALSE; i0 = 0; for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++) { str[ii] = 1; stp[ii] = 1; incr[ii] = 1; dsize[ii] = 1; } for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++) { if (trc[ii] < blc[ii]) { snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvj: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1); ffpmsg(msg); return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM); } str[ii] = blc[ii]; stp[ii] = trc[ii]; incr[ii] = inc[ii]; dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii]; } if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1) { /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */ nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1; ninc = rinc; rstp = rstr; } else { /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */ nelem = (stp[0] - str[0]) / inc[0] + 1; ninc = incr[0]; } for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc) { for (i8 = str[8]; i8 <= stp[8]; i8 += incr[8]) { for (i7 = str[7]; i7 <= stp[7]; i7 += incr[7]) { for (i6 = str[6]; i6 <= stp[6]; i6 += incr[6]) { for (i5 = str[5]; i5 <= stp[5]; i5 += incr[5]) { for (i4 = str[4]; i4 <= stp[4]; i4 += incr[4]) { for (i3 = str[3]; i3 <= stp[3]; i3 += incr[3]) { for (i2 = str[2]; i2 <= stp[2]; i2 += incr[2]) { for (i1 = str[1]; i1 <= stp[1]; i1 += incr[1]) { felem=str[0] + (i1 - 1) * dsize[1] + (i2 - 1) * dsize[2] + (i3 - 1) * dsize[3] + (i4 - 1) * dsize[4] + (i5 - 1) * dsize[5] + (i6 - 1) * dsize[6] + (i7 - 1) * dsize[7] + (i8 - 1) * dsize[8]; if ( ffgcljj(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp, nulval, &array[i0], &flagval[i0], &anyf, status) > 0) return(*status); if (anyf && anynul) *anynul = TRUE; i0 += nelem; } } } } } } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffggpjj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ long group, /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group) */ long firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ long nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ LONGLONG *array, /* O - array of values that are returned */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of group parameters from the primary array. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being read). */ { long row; int idummy; char cdummy; LONGLONG dummy = 0; /* the primary array is represented as a binary table: each group of the primary array is a row in the table, where the first column contains the group parameters and the second column contains the image itself. */ row=maxvalue(1,group); ffgcljj(fptr, 1, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, dummy, array, &cdummy, &idummy, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcvjj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ LONGLONG nulval, /* I - value for null pixels */ LONGLONG *array, /* O - array of values that are read */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined. Any undefined pixels will be set equal to the value of 'nulval' unless nulval = 0 in which case no checks for undefined pixels will be made. */ { char cdummy; ffgcljj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval, array, &cdummy, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcfjj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ LONGLONG *array, /* O - array of values that are read */ char *nularray, /* O - array of flags: 1 if null pixel; else 0 */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined. Nularray will be set = 1 if the corresponding array pixel is undefined, otherwise nularray will = 0. */ { LONGLONG dummy = 0; ffgcljj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, dummy, array, nularray, anynul, status); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffgcljj( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to read */ long elemincre, /* I - pixel increment; e.g., 2 = every other */ int nultyp, /* I - null value handling code: */ /* 1: set undefined pixels = nulval */ /* 2: set nularray=1 for undefined pixels */ LONGLONG nulval, /* I - value for null pixels if nultyp = 1 */ LONGLONG *array, /* O - array of values that are read */ char *nularray, /* O - array of flags = 1 if nultyp = 2 */ int *anynul, /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. The column number may refer to a real column in an ASCII or binary table, or it may refer be a virtual column in a 1 or more grouped FITS primary array or image extension. FITSIO treats a primary array as a binary table with 2 vector columns: the first column contains the group parameters (often with length = 0) and the second column contains the array of image pixels. Each row of the table represents a group in the case of multigroup FITS images. The output array of values will be converted from the datatype of the column and will be scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary. */ { double scale, zero, power = 1., dtemp; int tcode, maxelem2, hdutype, xcode, decimals; long twidth, incre; long ii, xwidth, ntodo; int convert, nulcheck, readcheck = 0; LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, readptr, tnull; LONGLONG rowlen, rownum, remain, next, rowincre, maxelem; char tform[20]; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; char snull[20]; /* the FITS null value if reading from ASCII table */ double cbuff[DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double)]; /* align cbuff on word boundary */ void *buffer; if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); buffer = cbuff; if (anynul) *anynul = 0; if (nultyp == 2) memset(nularray, 0, (size_t) nelem); /* initialize nullarray */ /*---------------------------------------------------*/ /* Check input and get parameters about the column: */ /*---------------------------------------------------*/ if (elemincre < 0) readcheck = -1; /* don't do range checking in this case */ if (ffgcprll(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, readcheck, &scale, &zero, tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem2, &startpos, &elemnum, &incre, &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0 ) return(*status); maxelem = maxelem2; incre *= elemincre; /* multiply incre to just get every nth pixel */ if (tcode == TSTRING) /* setup for ASCII tables */ { /* get the number of implied decimal places if no explicit decmal point */ ffasfm(tform, &xcode, &xwidth, &decimals, status); for(ii = 0; ii < decimals; ii++) power *= 10.; } /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Decide whether to check for null values in the input FITS file: */ /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/ nulcheck = nultyp; /* by default check for null values in the FITS file */ if (nultyp == 1 && nulval == 0) nulcheck = 0; /* calling routine does not want to check for nulls */ else if (tcode%10 == 1 && /* if reading an integer column, and */ tnull == NULL_UNDEFINED) /* if a null value is not defined, */ nulcheck = 0; /* then do not check for null values. */ else if (tcode == TSHORT && (tnull > SHRT_MAX || tnull < SHRT_MIN) ) nulcheck = 0; /* Impossible null value */ else if (tcode == TBYTE && (tnull > 255 || tnull < 0) ) nulcheck = 0; /* Impossible null value */ else if (tcode == TSTRING && snull[0] == ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED) nulcheck = 0; /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* If FITS column and output data array have same datatype, then we do */ /* not need to use a temporary buffer to store intermediate datatype. */ /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/ convert = 1; if (tcode == TLONGLONG) /* Special Case: */ { /* no type convertion required, so read */ /* data directly into output buffer. */ if (nelem < (LONGLONG)INT32_MAX/8) { maxelem = nelem; } else { maxelem = INT32_MAX/8; } if (nulcheck == 0 && scale == 1. && zero == 0.) convert = 0; /* no need to scale data or find nulls */ } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Now read the pixels from the FITS column. If the column does not */ /* have the same datatype as the output array, then we have to read */ /* the raw values into a temporary buffer (of limited size). In */ /* the case of a vector colum read only 1 vector of values at a time */ /* then skip to the next row if more values need to be read. */ /* After reading the raw values, then call the fffXXYY routine to (1) */ /* test for undefined values, (2) convert the datatype if necessary, */ /* and (3) scale the values by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn linear */ /* scaling parameters. */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/ remain = nelem; /* remaining number of values to read */ next = 0; /* next element in array to be read */ rownum = 0; /* row number, relative to firstrow */ while (remain) { /* limit the number of pixels to read at one time to the number that will fit in the buffer or to the number of pixels that remain in the current vector, which ever is smaller. */ ntodo = (long) minvalue(remain, maxelem); if (elemincre >= 0) { ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, ((repeat - elemnum - 1)/elemincre +1)); } else { ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, (elemnum/(-elemincre) +1)); } readptr = startpos + ((LONGLONG)rownum * rowlen) + (elemnum * (incre / elemincre)); switch (tcode) { case (TLONGLONG): ffgi8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (long *) &array[next], status); if (convert) fffi8i8((LONGLONG *) &array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TLONG): ffgi4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (INT32BIT *) buffer, status); fffi4i8((INT32BIT *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, (INT32BIT) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TBYTE): ffgi1b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (unsigned char *) buffer, status); fffi1i8((unsigned char *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TSHORT): ffgi2b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (short *) buffer, status); fffi2i8((short *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, (short) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TFLOAT): ffgr4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (float *) buffer, status); fffr4i8((float *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TDOUBLE): ffgr8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (double *) buffer, status); fffr8i8((double *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; case (TSTRING): ffmbyt(fptr, readptr, REPORT_EOF, status); if (incre == twidth) /* contiguous bytes */ ffgbyt(fptr, ntodo * twidth, buffer, status); else ffgbytoff(fptr, twidth, ntodo, incre - twidth, buffer, status); fffstri8((char *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, twidth, power, nulcheck, snull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, &array[next], status); break; default: /* error trap for invalid column format */ snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Cannot read numbers from column %d which has format %s", colnum, tform); ffpmsg(message); if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL) return(*status = BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT); else return(*status = BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT); } /* End of switch block */ /*-------------------------*/ /* Check for fatal error */ /*-------------------------*/ if (*status > 0) /* test for error during previous read operation */ { dtemp = (double) next; if (hdutype > 0) snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from column %d (ffgclj).", dtemp+1., dtemp+ntodo, colnum); else snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from image (ffgclj).", dtemp+1., dtemp+ntodo); ffpmsg(message); return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------*/ /* increment the counters for the next loop */ /*--------------------------------------------*/ remain -= ntodo; if (remain) { next += ntodo; elemnum = elemnum + (ntodo * elemincre); if (elemnum >= repeat) /* completed a row; start on later row */ { rowincre = elemnum / repeat; rownum += rowincre; elemnum = elemnum - (rowincre * repeat); } else if (elemnum < 0) /* completed a row; start on a previous row */ { rowincre = (-elemnum - 1) / repeat + 1; rownum -= rowincre; elemnum = (rowincre * repeat) + elemnum; } } } /* End of main while Loop */ /*--------------------------------*/ /* check for numerical overflow */ /*--------------------------------*/ if (*status == OVERFLOW_ERR) { ffpmsg( "Numerical overflow during type conversion while reading FITS data."); *status = NUM_OVERFLOW; } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffi1i8(unsigned char *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ unsigned char tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ LONGLONG nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ LONGLONG *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) output[ii] = (LONGLONG) input[ii]; /* copy input to output */ } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffi2i8(short *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ short tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ LONGLONG nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ LONGLONG *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) output[ii] = (LONGLONG) input[ii]; /* copy input to output */ } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffi4i8(INT32BIT *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ INT32BIT tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ LONGLONG nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ LONGLONG *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) output[ii] = (LONGLONG) input[ii]; /* copy input to output */ } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffi8i8(LONGLONG *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ LONGLONG tnull, /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */ LONGLONG nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ LONGLONG *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; ULONGLONG ulltemp; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 9223372036854775808.) { /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */ /* Instead of adding 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */ /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { ulltemp = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000); if (ulltemp > LONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else { output[ii] = (LONGLONG) ulltemp; } } } else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { output[ii] = input[ii]; /* copy input to output */ } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 9223372036854775808.) { /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */ /* Instead of subtracting 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */ /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { ulltemp = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000); if (ulltemp > LONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else { output[ii] = (LONGLONG) ulltemp; } } } } else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else output[ii] = input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] == tnull) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffr4i8(float *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ LONGLONG nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ LONGLONG *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; short *sptr, iret; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (input[ii] > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { sptr = (short *) input; #if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS sptr++; /* point to MSBs */ #endif if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2) { if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) ) /* test for NaN or underflow */ { if (iret == 1) /* is it a NaN? */ { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else /* it's an underflow */ output[ii] = 0; } else { if (input[ii] < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (input[ii] > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) input[ii]; } } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2) { if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) ) /* test for NaN or underflow */ { if (iret == 1) /* is it a NaN? */ { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else /* it's an underflow */ { if (zero < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (zero > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) zero; } } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffr8i8(double *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ LONGLONG nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ LONGLONG *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN. If nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values will be transformed just like any other pixel. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { long ii; double dvalue; short *sptr, iret; if (nullcheck == 0) /* no null checking required */ { if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { if (input[ii] < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (input[ii] > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) input[ii]; } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue; } } } else /* must check for null values */ { sptr = (short *) input; #if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS sptr += 3; /* point to MSBs */ #endif if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.) /* no scaling */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4) { if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) ) /* test for NaN or underflow */ { if (iret == 1) /* is it a NaN? */ { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else /* it's an underflow */ output[ii] = 0; } else { if (input[ii] < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (input[ii] > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) input[ii]; } } } else /* must scale the data */ { for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4) { if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) ) /* test for NaN or underflow */ { if (iret == 1) /* is it a NaN? */ { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } else /* it's an underflow */ { if (zero < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (zero > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) zero; } } else { dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero; if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue; } } } } return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffstri8(char *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */ long ntodo, /* I - number of elements in the array */ double scale, /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value */ double zero, /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO value */ long twidth, /* I - width of each substring of chars */ double implipower, /* I - power of 10 of implied decimal */ int nullcheck, /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */ /* 1:set null pixels = nullval */ /* 2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */ char *snull, /* I - value of FITS null string, if any */ LONGLONG nullval, /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1 */ char *nullarray, /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2 */ int *anynull, /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null */ LONGLONG *output, /* O - array of converted pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check for null values and do scaling if required. The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null value is an input pixel that is equal to snull. If nullcheck= 0, then no special checking for nulls is performed. If nullcheck = 1, then the output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null. If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels will = 0. The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0; */ { int nullen; long ii; double dvalue; char *cstring, message[FLEN_ERRMSG]; char *cptr, *tpos; char tempstore, chrzero = '0'; double val, power; int exponent, sign, esign, decpt; nullen = strlen(snull); cptr = input; /* pointer to start of input string */ for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) { cstring = cptr; /* temporarily insert a null terminator at end of the string */ tpos = cptr + twidth; tempstore = *tpos; *tpos = 0; /* check if null value is defined, and if the */ /* column string is identical to the null string */ if (snull[0] != ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED && !strncmp(snull, cptr, nullen) ) { if (nullcheck) { *anynull = 1; if (nullcheck == 1) output[ii] = nullval; else nullarray[ii] = 1; } cptr += twidth; } else { /* value is not the null value, so decode it */ /* remove any embedded blank characters from the string */ decpt = 0; sign = 1; val = 0.; power = 1.; exponent = 0; esign = 1; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip leading blanks */ cptr++; if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+') /* check for leading sign */ { if (*cptr == '-') sign = -1; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip blanks between sign and value */ cptr++; } while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9') { val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero; /* accumulate the value */ cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip embedded blanks in the value */ cptr++; } if (*cptr == '.' || *cptr == ',') /* check for decimal point */ { decpt = 1; /* set flag to show there was a decimal point */ cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip any blanks */ cptr++; while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9') { val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero; /* accumulate the value */ power = power * 10.; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip embedded blanks in the value */ cptr++; } } if (*cptr == 'E' || *cptr == 'D') /* check for exponent */ { cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip blanks */ cptr++; if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+') /* check for exponent sign */ { if (*cptr == '-') esign = -1; cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip blanks between sign and exp */ cptr++; } while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9') { exponent = exponent * 10 + *cptr - chrzero; /* accumulate exp */ cptr++; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip embedded blanks */ cptr++; } } if (*cptr != 0) /* should end up at the null terminator */ { snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Cannot read number from ASCII table"); ffpmsg(message); snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Column field = %s.", cstring); ffpmsg(message); /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */ *tpos = tempstore; return(*status = BAD_C2D); } if (!decpt) /* if no explicit decimal, use implied */ power = implipower; dvalue = (sign * val / power) * pow(10., (double) (esign * exponent)); dvalue = dvalue * scale + zero; /* apply the scaling */ if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN; } else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX; } else output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue; } /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */ *tpos = tempstore; } return(*status); } cfitsio-4.3.1/testprog.tpt0000644000225700000360000000061413472024437015054 0ustar cagordonlheatmpcard1 1001 this is the 1st template card tmpcard2 ABCD this is the 2nd template card tmpcard3 1001.23 this is the 3rd template card tmpcard4 1001.45 this is the 4rd template card comment this is the 5th template card history this is the 6th template card tmpcard7 = / comment for null keyword -tmpcard1 tmpcarda change the name of tmpcard1 -tmpcard4 end junk will be ignored cfitsio-4.3.1/grparser.c0000644000225700000360000013236513717263734014465 0ustar cagordonlhea/* T E M P L A T E P A R S E R ============================= by Jerzy.Borkowski@obs.unige.ch Integral Science Data Center ch. d'Ecogia 16 1290 Versoix Switzerland 14-Oct-98: initial release 16-Oct-98: code cleanup, #include included, now gcc -Wall prints no warnings during compilation. Bugfix: now one can specify additional columns in group HDU. Autoindexing also works in this situation (colunms are number from 7 however). 17-Oct-98: bugfix: complex keywords were incorrectly written (was TCOMPLEX should be TDBLCOMPLEX). 20-Oct-98: bugfix: parser was writing EXTNAME twice, when first HDU in template is defined with XTENSION IMAGE then parser creates now dummy PHDU, SIMPLE T is now allowed only at most once and in first HDU only. WARNING: one should not define EXTNAME keyword for GROUP HDUs, as they have them already defined by parser (EXTNAME = GROUPING). Parser accepts EXTNAME oin GROUP HDU definition, but in this case multiple EXTNAME keywords will present in HDU header. 23-Oct-98: bugfix: unnecessary space was written to FITS file for blank keywords. 24-Oct-98: syntax change: empty lines and lines with only whitespaces are written to FITS files as blank keywords (if inside group/hdu definition). Previously lines had to have at least 8 spaces. Please note, that due to pecularities of CFITSIO if the last keyword(s) defined for given HDU are blank keywords consisting of only 80 spaces, then (some of) those keywords may be silently deleted by CFITSIO. 13-Nov-98: bugfix: parser was writing GRPNAME twice. Parser still creates GRPNAME keywords for GROUP HDU's which do not specify them. However, values (of form DEFAULT_GROUP_XXX) are assigned not necessarily in order HDUs appear in template file, but rather in order parser completes their creation in FITS file. Also, when including files, if fopen fails, parser tries to open file with a name = directory_of_top_level file + name of file to be included, as long as name of file to be included does not specify absolute pathname. 16-Nov-98: bugfix to bugfix from 13-Nov-98 19-Nov-98: EXTVER keyword is now automatically assigned value by parser. 17-Dev-98: 2 new things added: 1st: CFITSIO_INCLUDE_FILES environment variable can contain a colon separated list of directories to look for when looking for template include files (and master template also). 2nd: it is now possible to append template to nonempty FITS. file. fitsfile *ff no longer needs to point to an empty FITS file with 0 HDUs in it. All data written by parser will simple be appended at the end of file. 22-Jan-99: changes to parser: when in append mode parser initially scans all existing HDUs to built a list of already used EXTNAME/EXTVERs 22-Jan-99: Bruce O'Neel, bugfix : TLONG should always reference long type variable on OSF/Alpha and on 64-bit archs in general 20-Jun-2002 Wm Pence, added support for the HIERARCH keyword convention in which keyword names can effectively be longer than 8 characters. Example: HIERARCH LongKeywordName = 'value' / comment 30-Jan-2003 Wm Pence, bugfix: ngp_read_xtension was testing for "ASCIITABLE" instead of "TABLE" as the XTENSION value of an ASCII table, and it did not allow for optional trailing spaces in the "IMAGE" or "TABLE" string. 16-Dec-2003 James Peachey: ngp_keyword_all_write was modified to apply comments from the template file to the output file in the case of reserved keywords (e.g. tform#, ttype# etcetera). */ #include #include #ifdef sparc #include #include #endif #include #include "fitsio2.h" #include "grparser.h" NGP_RAW_LINE ngp_curline = { NULL, NULL, NULL, NGP_TTYPE_UNKNOWN, NULL, NGP_FORMAT_OK, 0 }; NGP_RAW_LINE ngp_prevline = { NULL, NULL, NULL, NGP_TTYPE_UNKNOWN, NULL, NGP_FORMAT_OK, 0 }; int ngp_inclevel = 0; /* number of included files, 1 - means mean file */ int ngp_grplevel = 0; /* group nesting level, 0 - means no grouping */ FILE *ngp_fp[NGP_MAX_INCLUDE]; /* stack of included file handles */ int ngp_keyidx = NGP_TOKEN_UNKNOWN; /* index of token in current line */ NGP_TOKEN ngp_linkey; /* keyword after line analyze */ char ngp_master_dir[NGP_MAX_FNAME]; /* directory of top level include file */ NGP_TKDEF ngp_tkdef[] = /* tokens recognized by parser */ { { "\\INCLUDE", NGP_TOKEN_INCLUDE }, { "\\GROUP", NGP_TOKEN_GROUP }, { "\\END", NGP_TOKEN_END }, { "XTENSION", NGP_TOKEN_XTENSION }, { "SIMPLE", NGP_TOKEN_SIMPLE }, { NULL, NGP_TOKEN_UNKNOWN } }; int master_grp_idx = 1; /* current unnamed group in object */ int ngp_extver_tab_size = 0; NGP_EXTVER_TAB *ngp_extver_tab = NULL; int ngp_get_extver(char *extname, int *version) { NGP_EXTVER_TAB *p; char *p2; int i; if ((NULL == extname) || (NULL == version)) return(NGP_BAD_ARG); if ((NULL == ngp_extver_tab) && (ngp_extver_tab_size > 0)) return(NGP_BAD_ARG); if ((NULL != ngp_extver_tab) && (ngp_extver_tab_size <= 0)) return(NGP_BAD_ARG); for (i=0; i 0)) return(NGP_BAD_ARG); if ((NULL != ngp_extver_tab) && (ngp_extver_tab_size <= 0)) return(NGP_BAD_ARG); for (i=0; i ngp_extver_tab[i].version) ngp_extver_tab[i].version = version; return(NGP_OK); } } if (NULL == ngp_extver_tab) { p = (NGP_EXTVER_TAB *)ngp_alloc(sizeof(NGP_EXTVER_TAB)); } else { p = (NGP_EXTVER_TAB *)ngp_realloc(ngp_extver_tab, (ngp_extver_tab_size + 1) * sizeof(NGP_EXTVER_TAB)); } if (NULL == p) return(NGP_NO_MEMORY); p2 = ngp_alloc(strlen(extname) + 1); if (NULL == p2) { ngp_free(p); return(NGP_NO_MEMORY); } strcpy(p2, extname); ngp_extver_tab = p; ngp_extver_tab[ngp_extver_tab_size].extname = p2; ngp_extver_tab[ngp_extver_tab_size].version = version; ngp_extver_tab_size++; return(NGP_OK); } int ngp_delete_extver_tab(void) { int i; if ((NULL == ngp_extver_tab) && (ngp_extver_tab_size > 0)) return(NGP_BAD_ARG); if ((NULL != ngp_extver_tab) && (ngp_extver_tab_size <= 0)) return(NGP_BAD_ARG); if ((NULL == ngp_extver_tab) && (0 == ngp_extver_tab_size)) return(NGP_OK); for (i=0; i allocsize) { p2 = (char *)ngp_realloc(*p, alen); /* realloc buffer, if there is need */ if (NULL == p2) { r = NGP_NO_MEMORY; break; } *p = p2; allocsize = alen; } (*p)[llen - 1] = c; /* copy character to buffer */ } llen++; /* place for terminating \0 */ if (llen != allocsize) { p2 = (char *)ngp_realloc(*p, llen); if (NULL == p2) r = NGP_NO_MEMORY; else { *p = p2; (*p)[llen - 1] = 0; /* copy \0 to buffer */ } } else { (*p)[llen - 1] = 0; /* necessary when line read was empty */ } if ((NGP_EOF != r) && (NGP_OK != r)) /* in case of errors free resources */ { ngp_free(*p); *p = NULL; } return(r); /* return status code */ } /* free current line structure */ int ngp_free_line(void) { if (NULL != ngp_curline.line) { ngp_free(ngp_curline.line); ngp_curline.line = NULL; ngp_curline.name = NULL; ngp_curline.value = NULL; ngp_curline.comment = NULL; ngp_curline.type = NGP_TTYPE_UNKNOWN; ngp_curline.format = NGP_FORMAT_OK; ngp_curline.flags = 0; } return(NGP_OK); } /* free cached line structure */ int ngp_free_prevline(void) { if (NULL != ngp_prevline.line) { ngp_free(ngp_prevline.line); ngp_prevline.line = NULL; ngp_prevline.name = NULL; ngp_prevline.value = NULL; ngp_prevline.comment = NULL; ngp_prevline.type = NGP_TTYPE_UNKNOWN; ngp_prevline.format = NGP_FORMAT_OK; ngp_prevline.flags = 0; } return(NGP_OK); } /* read one line */ int ngp_read_line_buffered(FILE *fp) { ngp_free_line(); /* first free current line (if any) */ if (NULL != ngp_prevline.line) /* if cached, return cached line */ { ngp_curline = ngp_prevline; ngp_prevline.line = NULL; ngp_prevline.name = NULL; ngp_prevline.value = NULL; ngp_prevline.comment = NULL; ngp_prevline.type = NGP_TTYPE_UNKNOWN; ngp_prevline.format = NGP_FORMAT_OK; ngp_prevline.flags = 0; ngp_curline.flags = NGP_LINE_REREAD; return(NGP_OK); } ngp_curline.flags = 0; /* if not cached really read line from file */ return(ngp_line_from_file(fp, &(ngp_curline.line))); } /* unread line */ int ngp_unread_line(void) { if (NULL == ngp_curline.line) /* nothing to unread */ return(NGP_EMPTY_CURLINE); if (NULL != ngp_prevline.line) /* we cannot unread line twice */ return(NGP_UNREAD_QUEUE_FULL); ngp_prevline = ngp_curline; ngp_curline.line = NULL; return(NGP_OK); } /* a first guess line decomposition */ int ngp_extract_tokens(NGP_RAW_LINE *cl) { char *p, *s; int cl_flags, i; p = cl->line; /* start from beginning of line */ if (NULL == p) return(NGP_NUL_PTR); cl->name = cl->value = cl->comment = NULL; cl->type = NGP_TTYPE_UNKNOWN; cl->format = NGP_FORMAT_OK; cl_flags = 0; for (i=0;; i++) /* if 8 spaces at beginning then line is comment */ { if ((0 == *p) || ('\n' == *p)) { /* if line has only blanks -> write blank keyword */ cl->line[0] = 0; /* create empty name (0 length string) */ cl->comment = cl->name = cl->line; cl->type = NGP_TTYPE_RAW; /* signal write unformatted to FITS file */ return(NGP_OK); } if ((' ' != *p) && ('\t' != *p)) break; if (i >= 7) { cl->comment = p + 1; for (s = cl->comment;; s++) /* filter out any EOS characters in comment */ { if ('\n' == *s) *s = 0; if (0 == *s) break; } cl->line[0] = 0; /* create empty name (0 length string) */ cl->name = cl->line; cl->type = NGP_TTYPE_RAW; return(NGP_OK); } p++; } cl->name = p; for (;;) /* we need to find 1st whitespace */ { if ((0 == *p) || ('\n' == *p)) { *p = 0; break; } /* from Richard Mathar, 2002-05-03, add 10 lines: if upper/lowercase HIERARCH followed also by an equal sign... */ if( fits_strncasecmp("HIERARCH",p,strlen("HIERARCH")) == 0 ) { char * const eqsi=strchr(p,'=') ; if( eqsi ) { cl_flags |= NGP_FOUND_EQUAL_SIGN ; p=eqsi ; break ; } } if ((' ' == *p) || ('\t' == *p)) break; if ('=' == *p) { cl_flags |= NGP_FOUND_EQUAL_SIGN; break; } p++; } if (*p) *(p++) = 0; /* found end of keyname so terminate string with zero */ if ((!fits_strcasecmp("HISTORY", cl->name)) || (!fits_strcasecmp("COMMENT", cl->name)) || (!fits_strcasecmp("CONTINUE", cl->name))) { cl->comment = p; for (s = cl->comment;; s++) /* filter out any EOS characters in comment */ { if ('\n' == *s) *s = 0; if (0 == *s) break; } cl->type = NGP_TTYPE_RAW; return(NGP_OK); } if (!fits_strcasecmp("\\INCLUDE", cl->name)) { for (;; p++) if ((' ' != *p) && ('\t' != *p)) break; /* skip whitespace */ cl->value = p; for (s = cl->value;; s++) /* filter out any EOS characters */ { if ('\n' == *s) *s = 0; if (0 == *s) break; } cl->type = NGP_TTYPE_UNKNOWN; return(NGP_OK); } for (;; p++) { if ((0 == *p) || ('\n' == *p)) return(NGP_OK); /* test if at end of string */ if ((' ' == *p) || ('\t' == *p)) continue; /* skip whitespace */ if (cl_flags & NGP_FOUND_EQUAL_SIGN) break; if ('=' != *p) break; /* ignore initial equal sign */ cl_flags |= NGP_FOUND_EQUAL_SIGN; } if ('/' == *p) /* no value specified, comment only */ { p++; if ((' ' == *p) || ('\t' == *p)) p++; cl->comment = p; for (s = cl->comment;; s++) /* filter out any EOS characters in comment */ { if ('\n' == *s) *s = 0; if (0 == *s) break; } return(NGP_OK); } if ('\'' == *p) /* we have found string within quotes */ { cl->value = s = ++p; /* set pointer to beginning of that string */ cl->type = NGP_TTYPE_STRING; /* signal that it is of string type */ for (;;) /* analyze it */ { if ((0 == *p) || ('\n' == *p)) /* end of line -> end of string */ { *s = 0; return(NGP_OK); } if ('\'' == *p) /* we have found doublequote */ { if ((0 == p[1]) || ('\n' == p[1]))/* doublequote is the last character in line */ { *s = 0; return(NGP_OK); } if (('\t' == p[1]) || (' ' == p[1])) /* duoblequote was string terminator */ { *s = 0; p++; break; } if ('\'' == p[1]) p++; /* doublequote is inside string, convert "" -> " */ } *(s++) = *(p++); /* compact string in place, necess. by "" -> " conversion */ } } else /* regular token */ { cl->value = p; /* set pointer to token */ cl->type = NGP_TTYPE_UNKNOWN; /* we dont know type at the moment */ for (;; p++) /* we need to find 1st whitespace */ { if ((0 == *p) || ('\n' == *p)) { *p = 0; return(NGP_OK); } if ((' ' == *p) || ('\t' == *p)) break; } if (*p) *(p++) = 0; /* found so terminate string with zero */ } for (;; p++) { if ((0 == *p) || ('\n' == *p)) return(NGP_OK); /* test if at end of string */ if ((' ' != *p) && ('\t' != *p)) break; /* skip whitespace */ } if ('/' == *p) /* no value specified, comment only */ { p++; if ((' ' == *p) || ('\t' == *p)) p++; cl->comment = p; for (s = cl->comment;; s++) /* filter out any EOS characters in comment */ { if ('\n' == *s) *s = 0; if (0 == *s) break; } return(NGP_OK); } cl->format = NGP_FORMAT_ERROR; return(NGP_OK); /* too many tokens ... */ } /* try to open include file. If open fails and fname does not specify absolute pathname, try to open fname in any directory specified in CFITSIO_INCLUDE_FILES environment variable. Finally try to open fname relative to ngp_master_dir, which is directory of top level include file */ int ngp_include_file(char *fname) /* try to open include file */ { char *p, *p2, *cp, *envar, envfiles[NGP_MAX_ENVFILES]; char *saveptr; if (NULL == fname) return(NGP_NUL_PTR); if (ngp_inclevel >= NGP_MAX_INCLUDE) /* too many include files */ return(NGP_INC_NESTING); if (NULL == (ngp_fp[ngp_inclevel] = fopen(fname, "r"))) { /* if simple open failed .. */ envar = getenv("CFITSIO_INCLUDE_FILES"); /* scan env. variable, and retry to open */ if (NULL != envar) /* is env. variable defined ? */ { strncpy(envfiles, envar, NGP_MAX_ENVFILES - 1); envfiles[NGP_MAX_ENVFILES - 1] = 0; /* copy search path to local variable, env. is fragile */ for (p2 = ffstrtok(envfiles, ":",&saveptr); NULL != p2; p2 = ffstrtok(NULL, ":",&saveptr)) { cp = (char *)ngp_alloc(strlen(fname) + strlen(p2) + 2); if (NULL == cp) return(NGP_NO_MEMORY); strcpy(cp, p2); #ifdef MSDOS strcat(cp, "\\"); /* abs. pathname for MSDOS */ #else strcat(cp, "/"); /* and for unix */ #endif strcat(cp, fname); ngp_fp[ngp_inclevel] = fopen(cp, "r"); ngp_free(cp); if (NULL != ngp_fp[ngp_inclevel]) break; } } if (NULL == ngp_fp[ngp_inclevel]) /* finally try to open relative to top level */ { #ifdef MSDOS if ('\\' == fname[0]) return(NGP_ERR_FOPEN); /* abs. pathname for MSDOS, does not support C:\\PATH */ #else if ('/' == fname[0]) return(NGP_ERR_FOPEN); /* and for unix */ #endif if (0 == ngp_master_dir[0]) return(NGP_ERR_FOPEN); p = ngp_alloc(strlen(fname) + strlen(ngp_master_dir) + 1); if (NULL == p) return(NGP_NO_MEMORY); strcpy(p, ngp_master_dir); /* construct composite pathname */ strcat(p, fname); /* comp = master + fname */ ngp_fp[ngp_inclevel] = fopen(p, "r");/* try to open composite */ ngp_free(p); /* we don't need buffer anymore */ if (NULL == ngp_fp[ngp_inclevel]) return(NGP_ERR_FOPEN); /* fail if error */ } } ngp_inclevel++; return(NGP_OK); } /* read line in the intelligent way. All \INCLUDE directives are handled, empty and comment line skipped. If this function returns NGP_OK, than decomposed line (name, type, value in proper type and comment) are stored in ngp_linkey structure. ignore_blank_lines parameter is zero when parser is inside GROUP or HDU definition. Nonzero otherwise. */ int ngp_read_line(int ignore_blank_lines) { int r, nc, savec; unsigned k; if (ngp_inclevel <= 0) /* do some sanity checking first */ { ngp_keyidx = NGP_TOKEN_EOF; /* no parents, so report error */ return(NGP_OK); } if (ngp_inclevel > NGP_MAX_INCLUDE) return(NGP_INC_NESTING); if (NULL == ngp_fp[ngp_inclevel - 1]) return(NGP_NUL_PTR); for (;;) { switch (r = ngp_read_line_buffered(ngp_fp[ngp_inclevel - 1])) { case NGP_EOF: ngp_inclevel--; /* end of file, revert to parent */ if (ngp_fp[ngp_inclevel]) /* we can close old file */ fclose(ngp_fp[ngp_inclevel]); ngp_fp[ngp_inclevel] = NULL; if (ngp_inclevel <= 0) { ngp_keyidx = NGP_TOKEN_EOF; /* no parents, so report error */ return(NGP_OK); } continue; case NGP_OK: if (ngp_curline.flags & NGP_LINE_REREAD) return(r); break; default: return(r); } switch (ngp_curline.line[0]) { case 0: if (0 == ignore_blank_lines) break; /* ignore empty lines if told so */ case '#': continue; /* ignore comment lines */ } r = ngp_extract_tokens(&ngp_curline); /* analyse line, extract tokens and comment */ if (NGP_OK != r) return(r); if (NULL == ngp_curline.name) continue; /* skip lines consisting only of whitespaces */ for (k = 0; k < strlen(ngp_curline.name); k++) { if ((ngp_curline.name[k] >= 'a') && (ngp_curline.name[k] <= 'z')) ngp_curline.name[k] += 'A' - 'a'; /* force keyword to be upper case */ if (k == 7) break; /* only first 8 chars are required to be upper case */ } for (k=0;; k++) /* find index of keyword in keyword table */ { if (NGP_TOKEN_UNKNOWN == ngp_tkdef[k].code) break; if (0 == strcmp(ngp_curline.name, ngp_tkdef[k].name)) break; } ngp_keyidx = ngp_tkdef[k].code; /* save this index, grammar parser will need this */ if (NGP_TOKEN_INCLUDE == ngp_keyidx) /* if this is \INCLUDE keyword, try to include file */ { if (NGP_OK != (r = ngp_include_file(ngp_curline.value))) return(r); continue; /* and read next line */ } ngp_linkey.type = NGP_TTYPE_UNKNOWN; /* now, get the keyword type, it's a long story ... */ if (NULL != ngp_curline.value) /* if no value given signal it */ { if (NGP_TTYPE_STRING == ngp_curline.type) /* string type test */ { ngp_linkey.type = NGP_TTYPE_STRING; ngp_linkey.value.s = ngp_curline.value; } if (NGP_TTYPE_UNKNOWN == ngp_linkey.type) /* bool type test */ { if ((!fits_strcasecmp("T", ngp_curline.value)) || (!fits_strcasecmp("F", ngp_curline.value))) { ngp_linkey.type = NGP_TTYPE_BOOL; ngp_linkey.value.b = (fits_strcasecmp("T", ngp_curline.value) ? 0 : 1); } } if (NGP_TTYPE_UNKNOWN == ngp_linkey.type) /* complex type test */ { if (2 == sscanf(ngp_curline.value, "(%lg,%lg)%n", &(ngp_linkey.value.c.re), &(ngp_linkey.value.c.im), &nc)) { if ((' ' == ngp_curline.value[nc]) || ('\t' == ngp_curline.value[nc]) || ('\n' == ngp_curline.value[nc]) || (0 == ngp_curline.value[nc])) { ngp_linkey.type = NGP_TTYPE_COMPLEX; } } } if (NGP_TTYPE_UNKNOWN == ngp_linkey.type) /* real type test */ { if (strchr(ngp_curline.value, '.') && (1 == sscanf(ngp_curline.value, "%lg%n", &(ngp_linkey.value.d), &nc))) { if ('D' == ngp_curline.value[nc]) { /* test if template used a 'D' rather than an 'E' as the exponent character (added by WDP in 12/2010) */ savec = nc; ngp_curline.value[nc] = 'E'; sscanf(ngp_curline.value, "%lg%n", &(ngp_linkey.value.d), &nc); if ((' ' == ngp_curline.value[nc]) || ('\t' == ngp_curline.value[nc]) || ('\n' == ngp_curline.value[nc]) || (0 == ngp_curline.value[nc])) { ngp_linkey.type = NGP_TTYPE_REAL; } else { /* no, this is not a real value */ ngp_curline.value[savec] = 'D'; /* restore the original D character */ } } else { if ((' ' == ngp_curline.value[nc]) || ('\t' == ngp_curline.value[nc]) || ('\n' == ngp_curline.value[nc]) || (0 == ngp_curline.value[nc])) { ngp_linkey.type = NGP_TTYPE_REAL; } } } } if (NGP_TTYPE_UNKNOWN == ngp_linkey.type) /* integer type test */ { if (1 == sscanf(ngp_curline.value, "%d%n", &(ngp_linkey.value.i), &nc)) { if ((' ' == ngp_curline.value[nc]) || ('\t' == ngp_curline.value[nc]) || ('\n' == ngp_curline.value[nc]) || (0 == ngp_curline.value[nc])) { ngp_linkey.type = NGP_TTYPE_INT; } } } if (NGP_TTYPE_UNKNOWN == ngp_linkey.type) /* force string type */ { ngp_linkey.type = NGP_TTYPE_STRING; ngp_linkey.value.s = ngp_curline.value; } } else { if (NGP_TTYPE_RAW == ngp_curline.type) ngp_linkey.type = NGP_TTYPE_RAW; else ngp_linkey.type = NGP_TTYPE_NULL; } if (NULL != ngp_curline.comment) { strncpy(ngp_linkey.comment, ngp_curline.comment, NGP_MAX_COMMENT); /* store comment */ ngp_linkey.comment[NGP_MAX_COMMENT - 1] = 0; } else { ngp_linkey.comment[0] = 0; } strncpy(ngp_linkey.name, ngp_curline.name, NGP_MAX_NAME); /* and keyword's name */ ngp_linkey.name[NGP_MAX_NAME - 1] = 0; if (strlen(ngp_linkey.name) > FLEN_KEYWORD) /* WDP: 20-Jun-2002: mod to support HIERARCH */ { return(NGP_BAD_ARG); /* cfitsio does not allow names > 8 chars */ } return(NGP_OK); /* we have valid non empty line, so return success */ } } /* check whether keyword can be written as is */ int ngp_keyword_is_write(NGP_TOKEN *ngp_tok) { int i, j, l, spc; /* indexed variables not to write */ static char *nm[] = { "NAXIS", "TFORM", "TTYPE", NULL } ; /* non indexed variables not allowed to write */ static char *nmni[] = { "SIMPLE", "XTENSION", "BITPIX", "NAXIS", "PCOUNT", "GCOUNT", "TFIELDS", "THEAP", "EXTEND", "EXTVER", NULL } ; if (NULL == ngp_tok) return(NGP_NUL_PTR); for (j = 0; ; j++) /* first check non indexed */ { if (NULL == nmni[j]) break; if (0 == strcmp(nmni[j], ngp_tok->name)) return(NGP_BAD_ARG); } for (j = 0; ; j++) /* now check indexed */ { if (NULL == nm[j]) return(NGP_OK); l = strlen(nm[j]); if ((l < 1) || (l > 5)) continue; if (0 == strncmp(nm[j], ngp_tok->name, l)) break; } if ((ngp_tok->name[l] < '1') || (ngp_tok->name[l] > '9')) return(NGP_OK); spc = 0; for (i = l + 1; i < 8; i++) { if (spc) { if (' ' != ngp_tok->name[i]) return(NGP_OK); } else { if ((ngp_tok->name[i] >= '0') && (ngp_tok->name[i] <= '9')) continue; if (' ' == ngp_tok->name[i]) { spc = 1; continue; } if (0 == ngp_tok->name[i]) break; return(NGP_OK); } } return(NGP_BAD_ARG); } /* write (almost) all keywords from given HDU to disk */ int ngp_keyword_all_write(NGP_HDU *ngph, fitsfile *ffp, int mode) { int i, r, ib; char buf[200]; long l; if (NULL == ngph) return(NGP_NUL_PTR); if (NULL == ffp) return(NGP_NUL_PTR); r = NGP_OK; for (i=0; itokcnt; i++) { r = ngp_keyword_is_write(&(ngph->tok[i])); if ((NGP_REALLY_ALL & mode) || (NGP_OK == r)) { switch (ngph->tok[i].type) { case NGP_TTYPE_BOOL: ib = ngph->tok[i].value.b; fits_write_key(ffp, TLOGICAL, ngph->tok[i].name, &ib, ngph->tok[i].comment, &r); break; case NGP_TTYPE_STRING: fits_write_key_longstr(ffp, ngph->tok[i].name, ngph->tok[i].value.s, ngph->tok[i].comment, &r); break; case NGP_TTYPE_INT: l = ngph->tok[i].value.i; /* bugfix - 22-Jan-99, BO - nonalignment of OSF/Alpha */ fits_write_key(ffp, TLONG, ngph->tok[i].name, &l, ngph->tok[i].comment, &r); break; case NGP_TTYPE_REAL: fits_write_key(ffp, TDOUBLE, ngph->tok[i].name, &(ngph->tok[i].value.d), ngph->tok[i].comment, &r); break; case NGP_TTYPE_COMPLEX: fits_write_key(ffp, TDBLCOMPLEX, ngph->tok[i].name, &(ngph->tok[i].value.c), ngph->tok[i].comment, &r); break; case NGP_TTYPE_NULL: fits_write_key_null(ffp, ngph->tok[i].name, ngph->tok[i].comment, &r); break; case NGP_TTYPE_RAW: if (0 == strcmp("HISTORY", ngph->tok[i].name)) { fits_write_history(ffp, ngph->tok[i].comment, &r); break; } if (0 == strcmp("COMMENT", ngph->tok[i].name)) { fits_write_comment(ffp, ngph->tok[i].comment, &r); break; } snprintf(buf,200, "%-8.8s%s", ngph->tok[i].name, ngph->tok[i].comment); fits_write_record(ffp, buf, &r); break; } } else if (NGP_BAD_ARG == r) /* enhancement 10 dec 2003, James Peachey: template comments replace defaults */ { r = NGP_OK; /* update comments of special keywords like TFORM */ if (ngph->tok[i].comment && *ngph->tok[i].comment) /* do not update with a blank comment */ { fits_modify_comment(ffp, ngph->tok[i].name, ngph->tok[i].comment, &r); } } else /* other problem, typically a blank token */ { r = NGP_OK; /* skip this token, but continue */ } if (r) return(r); } fits_set_hdustruc(ffp, &r); /* resync cfitsio */ return(r); } /* init HDU structure */ int ngp_hdu_init(NGP_HDU *ngph) { if (NULL == ngph) return(NGP_NUL_PTR); ngph->tok = NULL; ngph->tokcnt = 0; return(NGP_OK); } /* clear HDU structure */ int ngp_hdu_clear(NGP_HDU *ngph) { int i; if (NULL == ngph) return(NGP_NUL_PTR); for (i=0; itokcnt; i++) { if (NGP_TTYPE_STRING == ngph->tok[i].type) if (NULL != ngph->tok[i].value.s) { ngp_free(ngph->tok[i].value.s); ngph->tok[i].value.s = NULL; } } if (NULL != ngph->tok) ngp_free(ngph->tok); ngph->tok = NULL; ngph->tokcnt = 0; return(NGP_OK); } /* insert new token to HDU structure */ int ngp_hdu_insert_token(NGP_HDU *ngph, NGP_TOKEN *newtok) { NGP_TOKEN *tkp; if (NULL == ngph) return(NGP_NUL_PTR); if (NULL == newtok) return(NGP_NUL_PTR); if (0 == ngph->tokcnt) tkp = (NGP_TOKEN *)ngp_alloc((ngph->tokcnt + 1) * sizeof(NGP_TOKEN)); else tkp = (NGP_TOKEN *)ngp_realloc(ngph->tok, (ngph->tokcnt + 1) * sizeof(NGP_TOKEN)); if (NULL == tkp) return(NGP_NO_MEMORY); ngph->tok = tkp; ngph->tok[ngph->tokcnt] = *newtok; if (NGP_TTYPE_STRING == newtok->type) { if (NULL != newtok->value.s) { ngph->tok[ngph->tokcnt].value.s = (char *)ngp_alloc(1 + strlen(newtok->value.s)); if (NULL == ngph->tok[ngph->tokcnt].value.s) return(NGP_NO_MEMORY); strcpy(ngph->tok[ngph->tokcnt].value.s, newtok->value.s); } } ngph->tokcnt++; return(NGP_OK); } int ngp_append_columns(fitsfile *ff, NGP_HDU *ngph, int aftercol) { int r, i, j, exitflg, ngph_i; char *my_tform, *my_ttype; char ngph_ctmp; if (NULL == ff) return(NGP_NUL_PTR); if (NULL == ngph) return(NGP_NUL_PTR); if (0 == ngph->tokcnt) return(NGP_OK); /* nothing to do ! */ r = NGP_OK; exitflg = 0; for (j=aftercol; jtok[i].name, "TFORM%d%c", &ngph_i, &ngph_ctmp)) { if ((NGP_TTYPE_STRING == ngph->tok[i].type) && (ngph_i == (j + 1))) { my_tform = ngph->tok[i].value.s; } } else if (1 == sscanf(ngph->tok[i].name, "TTYPE%d%c", &ngph_i, &ngph_ctmp)) { if ((NGP_TTYPE_STRING == ngph->tok[i].type) && (ngph_i == (j + 1))) { my_ttype = ngph->tok[i].value.s; } } if ((NULL != my_tform) && (my_ttype[0])) break; if (i < (ngph->tokcnt - 1)) continue; exitflg = 1; break; } if ((NGP_OK == r) && (NULL != my_tform)) fits_insert_col(ff, j + 1, my_ttype, my_tform, &r); if ((NGP_OK != r) || exitflg) break; } return(r); } /* read complete HDU */ int ngp_read_xtension(fitsfile *ff, int parent_hn, int simple_mode) { int r, exflg, l, my_hn, tmp0, incrementor_index, i, j; int ngph_dim, ngph_bitpix, ngph_node_type, my_version; char incrementor_name[NGP_MAX_STRING], ngph_ctmp; char *ngph_extname = 0; long ngph_size[NGP_MAX_ARRAY_DIM]; NGP_HDU ngph; long lv; incrementor_name[0] = 0; /* signal no keyword+'#' found yet */ incrementor_index = 0; if (NGP_OK != (r = ngp_hdu_init(&ngph))) return(r); if (NGP_OK != (r = ngp_read_line(0))) return(r); /* EOF always means error here */ switch (NGP_XTENSION_SIMPLE & simple_mode) { case 0: if (NGP_TOKEN_XTENSION != ngp_keyidx) return(NGP_TOKEN_NOT_EXPECT); break; default: if (NGP_TOKEN_SIMPLE != ngp_keyidx) return(NGP_TOKEN_NOT_EXPECT); break; } if (NGP_OK != (r = ngp_hdu_insert_token(&ngph, &ngp_linkey))) return(r); for (;;) { if (NGP_OK != (r = ngp_read_line(0))) return(r); /* EOF always means error here */ exflg = 0; switch (ngp_keyidx) { case NGP_TOKEN_SIMPLE: r = NGP_TOKEN_NOT_EXPECT; break; case NGP_TOKEN_END: case NGP_TOKEN_XTENSION: case NGP_TOKEN_GROUP: r = ngp_unread_line(); /* WARNING - not break here .... */ case NGP_TOKEN_EOF: exflg = 1; break; default: l = strlen(ngp_linkey.name); if ((l >= 2) && (l <= 6)) { if ('#' == ngp_linkey.name[l - 1]) { if (0 == incrementor_name[0]) { memcpy(incrementor_name, ngp_linkey.name, l - 1); incrementor_name[l - 1] = 0; } if (((l - 1) == (int)strlen(incrementor_name)) && (0 == memcmp(incrementor_name, ngp_linkey.name, l - 1))) { incrementor_index++; } snprintf(ngp_linkey.name + l - 1, NGP_MAX_NAME-l+1,"%d", incrementor_index); } } r = ngp_hdu_insert_token(&ngph, &ngp_linkey); break; } if ((NGP_OK != r) || exflg) break; } if (NGP_OK == r) { /* we should scan keywords, and calculate HDU's */ /* structure ourselves .... */ ngph_node_type = NGP_NODE_INVALID; /* init variables */ ngph_bitpix = 0; ngph_extname = NULL; for (i=0; i=1) && (j <= NGP_MAX_ARRAY_DIM)) { ngph_size[j - 1] = ngph.tok[i].value.i; } } } switch (ngph_node_type) { case NGP_NODE_IMAGE: if (NGP_XTENSION_FIRST == ((NGP_XTENSION_FIRST | NGP_XTENSION_SIMPLE) & simple_mode)) { /* if caller signals that this is 1st HDU in file */ /* and it is IMAGE defined with XTENSION, then we */ /* need create dummy Primary HDU */ fits_create_img(ff, 16, 0, NULL, &r); } /* create image */ fits_create_img(ff, ngph_bitpix, ngph_dim, ngph_size, &r); /* update keywords */ if (NGP_OK == r) r = ngp_keyword_all_write(&ngph, ff, NGP_NON_SYSTEM_ONLY); break; case NGP_NODE_ATABLE: case NGP_NODE_BTABLE: /* create table, 0 rows and 0 columns for the moment */ fits_create_tbl(ff, ((NGP_NODE_ATABLE == ngph_node_type) ? ASCII_TBL : BINARY_TBL), 0, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, &r); if (NGP_OK != r) break; /* add columns ... */ r = ngp_append_columns(ff, &ngph, 0); if (NGP_OK != r) break; /* add remaining keywords */ r = ngp_keyword_all_write(&ngph, ff, NGP_NON_SYSTEM_ONLY); if (NGP_OK != r) break; /* if requested add rows */ if (ngph_size[1] > 0) fits_insert_rows(ff, 0, ngph_size[1], &r); break; default: r = NGP_BAD_ARG; break; } } if ((NGP_OK == r) && (NULL != ngph_extname)) { r = ngp_get_extver(ngph_extname, &my_version); /* write correct ext version number */ lv = my_version; /* bugfix - 22-Jan-99, BO - nonalignment of OSF/Alpha */ fits_write_key(ff, TLONG, "EXTVER", &lv, "auto assigned by template parser", &r); } if (NGP_OK == r) { if (parent_hn > 0) { fits_get_hdu_num(ff, &my_hn); fits_movabs_hdu(ff, parent_hn, &tmp0, &r); /* link us to parent */ fits_add_group_member(ff, NULL, my_hn, &r); fits_movabs_hdu(ff, my_hn, &tmp0, &r); if (NGP_OK != r) return(r); } } if (NGP_OK != r) /* in case of error - delete hdu */ { tmp0 = 0; fits_delete_hdu(ff, NULL, &tmp0); } ngp_hdu_clear(&ngph); return(r); } /* read complete GROUP */ int ngp_read_group(fitsfile *ff, char *grpname, int parent_hn) { int r, exitflg, l, my_hn, tmp0, incrementor_index; char grnm[NGP_MAX_STRING]; /* keyword holding group name */ char incrementor_name[NGP_MAX_STRING]; NGP_HDU ngph; incrementor_name[0] = 0; /* signal no keyword+'#' found yet */ incrementor_index = 6; /* first 6 cols are used by group */ ngp_grplevel++; if (NGP_OK != (r = ngp_hdu_init(&ngph))) return(r); r = NGP_OK; if (NGP_OK != (r = fits_create_group(ff, grpname, GT_ID_ALL_URI, &r))) return(r); fits_get_hdu_num(ff, &my_hn); if (parent_hn > 0) { fits_movabs_hdu(ff, parent_hn, &tmp0, &r); /* link us to parent */ fits_add_group_member(ff, NULL, my_hn, &r); fits_movabs_hdu(ff, my_hn, &tmp0, &r); if (NGP_OK != r) return(r); } for (exitflg = 0; 0 == exitflg;) { if (NGP_OK != (r = ngp_read_line(0))) break; /* EOF always means error here */ switch (ngp_keyidx) { case NGP_TOKEN_SIMPLE: case NGP_TOKEN_EOF: r = NGP_TOKEN_NOT_EXPECT; break; case NGP_TOKEN_END: ngp_grplevel--; exitflg = 1; break; case NGP_TOKEN_GROUP: if (NGP_TTYPE_STRING == ngp_linkey.type) { strncpy(grnm, ngp_linkey.value.s, NGP_MAX_STRING); } else { snprintf(grnm, NGP_MAX_STRING,"DEFAULT_GROUP_%d", master_grp_idx++); } grnm[NGP_MAX_STRING - 1] = 0; r = ngp_read_group(ff, grnm, my_hn); break; /* we can have many subsequent GROUP defs */ case NGP_TOKEN_XTENSION: r = ngp_unread_line(); if (NGP_OK != r) break; r = ngp_read_xtension(ff, my_hn, 0); break; /* we can have many subsequent HDU defs */ default: l = strlen(ngp_linkey.name); if ((l >= 2) && (l <= 6)) { if ('#' == ngp_linkey.name[l - 1]) { if (0 == incrementor_name[0]) { memcpy(incrementor_name, ngp_linkey.name, l - 1); incrementor_name[l - 1] = 0; } if (((l - 1) == (int)strlen(incrementor_name)) && (0 == memcmp(incrementor_name, ngp_linkey.name, l - 1))) { incrementor_index++; } snprintf(ngp_linkey.name + l - 1, NGP_MAX_NAME-l+1,"%d", incrementor_index); } } r = ngp_hdu_insert_token(&ngph, &ngp_linkey); break; /* here we can add keyword */ } if (NGP_OK != r) break; } fits_movabs_hdu(ff, my_hn, &tmp0, &r); /* back to our HDU */ if (NGP_OK == r) /* create additional columns, if requested */ r = ngp_append_columns(ff, &ngph, 6); if (NGP_OK == r) /* and write keywords */ r = ngp_keyword_all_write(&ngph, ff, NGP_NON_SYSTEM_ONLY); if (NGP_OK != r) /* delete group in case of error */ { tmp0 = 0; fits_remove_group(ff, OPT_RM_GPT, &tmp0); } ngp_hdu_clear(&ngph); /* we are done with this HDU, so delete it */ return(r); } /* top level API functions */ /* read whole template. ff should point to the opened empty fits file. */ int fits_execute_template(fitsfile *ff, char *ngp_template, int *status) { int r, exit_flg, first_extension, i, my_hn, tmp0, keys_exist, more_keys, used_ver; char grnm[NGP_MAX_STRING], used_name[NGP_MAX_STRING]; long luv; if (NULL == status) return(NGP_NUL_PTR); if (NGP_OK != *status) return(*status); /* This function uses many global variables (local to this file) and therefore is not thread-safe. */ FFLOCK; if ((NULL == ff) || (NULL == ngp_template)) { *status = NGP_NUL_PTR; FFUNLOCK; return(*status); } ngp_inclevel = 0; /* initialize things, not all should be zero */ ngp_grplevel = 0; master_grp_idx = 1; exit_flg = 0; ngp_master_dir[0] = 0; /* this should be before 1st call to ngp_include_file */ first_extension = 1; /* we need to create PHDU */ if (NGP_OK != (r = ngp_delete_extver_tab())) { *status = r; FFUNLOCK; return(r); } fits_get_hdu_num(ff, &my_hn); /* our HDU position */ if (my_hn <= 1) /* check whether we really need to create PHDU */ { fits_movabs_hdu(ff, 1, &tmp0, status); fits_get_hdrspace(ff, &keys_exist, &more_keys, status); fits_movabs_hdu(ff, my_hn, &tmp0, status); if (NGP_OK != *status) /* error here means file is corrupted */ { FFUNLOCK; return(*status); } if (keys_exist > 0) first_extension = 0; /* if keywords exist assume PHDU already exist */ } else { first_extension = 0; /* PHDU (followed by 1+ extensions) exist */ for (i = 2; i<= my_hn; i++) { *status = NGP_OK; fits_movabs_hdu(ff, 1, &tmp0, status); if (NGP_OK != *status) break; fits_read_key(ff, TSTRING, "EXTNAME", used_name, NULL, status); if (NGP_OK != *status) continue; fits_read_key(ff, TLONG, "EXTVER", &luv, NULL, status); used_ver = luv; /* bugfix - 22-Jan-99, BO - nonalignment of OSF/Alpha */ if (VALUE_UNDEFINED == *status) { used_ver = 1; *status = NGP_OK; } if (NGP_OK == *status) *status = ngp_set_extver(used_name, used_ver); } fits_movabs_hdu(ff, my_hn, &tmp0, status); } if (NGP_OK != *status) { FFUNLOCK; return(*status); } if (NGP_OK != (*status = ngp_include_file(ngp_template))) { FFUNLOCK; return(*status); } for (i = strlen(ngp_template) - 1; i >= 0; i--) /* strlen is > 0, otherwise fopen failed */ { #ifdef MSDOS if ('\\' == ngp_template[i]) break; #else if ('/' == ngp_template[i]) break; #endif } i++; if (i > (NGP_MAX_FNAME - 1)) i = NGP_MAX_FNAME - 1; if (i > 0) { memcpy(ngp_master_dir, ngp_template, i); ngp_master_dir[i] = 0; } for (;;) { if (NGP_OK != (r = ngp_read_line(1))) break; /* EOF always means error here */ switch (ngp_keyidx) { case NGP_TOKEN_SIMPLE: if (0 == first_extension) /* simple only allowed in first HDU */ { r = NGP_TOKEN_NOT_EXPECT; break; } if (NGP_OK != (r = ngp_unread_line())) break; r = ngp_read_xtension(ff, 0, NGP_XTENSION_SIMPLE | NGP_XTENSION_FIRST); first_extension = 0; break; case NGP_TOKEN_XTENSION: if (NGP_OK != (r = ngp_unread_line())) break; r = ngp_read_xtension(ff, 0, (first_extension ? NGP_XTENSION_FIRST : 0)); first_extension = 0; break; case NGP_TOKEN_GROUP: if (NGP_TTYPE_STRING == ngp_linkey.type) { strncpy(grnm, ngp_linkey.value.s, NGP_MAX_STRING); } else { snprintf(grnm,NGP_MAX_STRING, "DEFAULT_GROUP_%d", master_grp_idx++); } grnm[NGP_MAX_STRING - 1] = 0; r = ngp_read_group(ff, grnm, 0); first_extension = 0; break; case NGP_TOKEN_EOF: exit_flg = 1; break; default: r = NGP_TOKEN_NOT_EXPECT; break; } if (exit_flg || (NGP_OK != r)) break; } /* all top level HDUs up to faulty one are left intact in case of i/o error. It is up to the caller to call fits_close_file or fits_delete_file when this function returns error. */ ngp_free_line(); /* deallocate last line (if any) */ ngp_free_prevline(); /* deallocate cached line (if any) */ ngp_delete_extver_tab(); /* delete extver table (if present), error ignored */ *status = r; FFUNLOCK; return(r); } cfitsio-4.3.1/eval_f.c0000644000225700000360000031356114335036354014064 0ustar cagordonlhea/************************************************************************/ /* */ /* CFITSIO Lexical Parser */ /* */ /* This file is one of 3 files containing code which parses an */ /* arithmetic expression and evaluates it in the context of an input */ /* FITS file table extension. The CFITSIO lexical parser is divided */ /* into the following 3 parts/files: the CFITSIO "front-end", */ /* eval_f.c, contains the interface between the user/CFITSIO and the */ /* real core of the parser; the FLEX interpreter, eval_l.c, takes the */ /* input string and parses it into tokens and identifies the FITS */ /* information required to evaluate the expression (ie, keywords and */ /* columns); and, the BISON grammar and evaluation routines, eval_y.c, */ /* receives the FLEX output and determines and performs the actual */ /* operations. The files eval_l.c and eval_y.c are produced from */ /* running flex and bison on the files eval.l and eval.y, respectively. */ /* (flex and bison are available from any GNU archive: see www.gnu.org) */ /* */ /* The grammar rules, rather than evaluating the expression in situ, */ /* builds a tree, or Nodal, structure mapping out the order of */ /* operations and expression dependencies. This "compilation" process */ /* allows for much faster processing of multiple rows. This technique */ /* was developed by Uwe Lammers of the XMM Science Analysis System, */ /* although the CFITSIO implementation is entirely code original. */ /* */ /* */ /* Modification History: */ /* */ /* Kent Blackburn c1992 Original parser code developed for the */ /* FTOOLS software package, in particular, */ /* the fselect task. */ /* Kent Blackburn c1995 BIT column support added */ /* Peter D Wilson Feb 1998 Vector column support added */ /* Peter D Wilson May 1998 Ported to CFITSIO library. User */ /* interface routines written, in essence */ /* making fselect, fcalc, and maketime */ /* capabilities available to all tools */ /* via single function calls. */ /* Peter D Wilson Jun 1998 Major rewrite of parser core, so as to */ /* create a run-time evaluation tree, */ /* inspired by the work of Uwe Lammers, */ /* resulting in a speed increase of */ /* 10-100 times. */ /* Peter D Wilson Jul 1998 gtifilter(a,b,c,d) function added */ /* Peter D Wilson Aug 1998 regfilter(a,b,c,d) function added */ /* Peter D Wilson Jul 1999 Make parser fitsfile-independent, */ /* allowing a purely vector-based usage */ /* Peter D Wilson Aug 1999 Add row-offset capability */ /* Peter D Wilson Sep 1999 Add row-range capability to ffcalc_rng */ /* */ /************************************************************************/ #include #include #include "eval_defs.h" #include "region.h" /* Internal routines needed to allow the evaluator to operate on FITS data */ static void Setup_DataArrays( ParseData *lParse, int nCols, iteratorCol *cols, long fRow, long nRows ); static int find_column( ParseData *lParse, char *colName, void *itslval ); static int find_keywd ( ParseData *lParse, char *key, void *itslval ); static int load_column( ParseData *lParse, int varNum, long fRow, long nRows, void *data, char *undef ); static int DEBUG_PIXFILTER; #define FREE(x) { if (x) free(x); else printf("invalid free(" #x ") at %s:%d\n", __FILE__, __LINE__); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fffrow( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - Input FITS file */ char *expr, /* I - Boolean expression */ long firstrow, /* I - First row of table to eval */ long nrows, /* I - Number of rows to evaluate */ long *n_good_rows, /* O - Number of rows eval to True */ char *row_status, /* O - Array of boolean results */ int *status ) /* O - Error status */ /* */ /* Evaluate a boolean expression using the indicated rows, returning an */ /* array of flags indicating which rows evaluated to TRUE/FALSE */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ { parseInfo Info; int naxis, constant; long nelem, naxes[MAXDIMS], elem; char result; ParseData lParse; if( *status ) return( *status ); memset(&Info, 0, sizeof(Info)); if( ffiprs( fptr, 0, expr, MAXDIMS, &Info.datatype, &nelem, &naxis, naxes, &lParse, status ) ) { ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } if( nelem<0 ) { constant = 1; nelem = -nelem; } else constant = 0; if( Info.datatype!=TLOGICAL || nelem!=1 ) { ffcprs(&lParse); ffpmsg("Expression does not evaluate to a logical scalar."); return( *status = PARSE_BAD_TYPE ); } if( constant ) { /* No need to call parser... have result from ffiprs */ result = lParse.Nodes[lParse.resultNode].value.data.log; *n_good_rows = nrows; for( elem=0; elem1 ? firstrow : 1); Info.dataPtr = row_status; Info.nullPtr = NULL; Info.maxRows = nrows; Info.parseData = &lParse; if( ffiter( lParse.nCols, lParse.colData, firstrow-1, 0, fits_parser_workfn, (void*)&Info, status ) == -1 ) *status = 0; /* -1 indicates exitted without error before end... OK */ if( *status ) { /***********************/ /* Error... Do nothing */ /***********************/ } else { /***********************************/ /* Count number of good rows found */ /***********************************/ *n_good_rows = 0L; for( elem=0; elemHDUposition != (infptr->Fptr)->curhdu ) ffmahd( infptr, (infptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status ); if( *status ) { ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } inExt.rowLength = (long) (infptr->Fptr)->rowlength; inExt.numRows = (infptr->Fptr)->numrows; inExt.heapSize = (infptr->Fptr)->heapsize; if( inExt.numRows == 0 ) { /* Nothing to copy */ ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } if( outfptr->HDUposition != (outfptr->Fptr)->curhdu ) ffmahd( outfptr, (outfptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status ); if( (outfptr->Fptr)->datastart < 0 ) ffrdef( outfptr, status ); if( *status ) { ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } outExt.rowLength = (long) (outfptr->Fptr)->rowlength; outExt.numRows = (outfptr->Fptr)->numrows; if( !outExt.numRows ) (outfptr->Fptr)->heapsize = 0L; outExt.heapSize = (outfptr->Fptr)->heapsize; if( inExt.rowLength != outExt.rowLength ) { ffpmsg("Output table has different row length from input"); ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status = PARSE_BAD_OUTPUT ); } /***********************************/ /* Fill out Info data for parser */ /***********************************/ Info.dataPtr = (char *)malloc( (size_t) ((inExt.numRows + 1) * sizeof(char)) ); Info.nullPtr = NULL; Info.maxRows = (long) inExt.numRows; Info.parseData = &lParse; if( !Info.dataPtr ) { ffpmsg("Unable to allocate memory for row selection"); ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION ); } /* make sure array is zero terminated */ ((char*)Info.dataPtr)[inExt.numRows] = 0; if( constant ) { /* Set all rows to the same value from constant result */ result = lParse.Nodes[lParse.resultNode].value.data.log; for( ntodo = 0; ntodo 1) ffirow( outfptr, outExt.numRows, nGood, status ); } do { if( ((char*)Info.dataPtr)[inloc-1] ) { ffgtbb( infptr, inloc, 1L, rdlen, buffer+rdlen*nbuff, status ); nbuff++; if( nbuff==maxrows ) { ffptbb( outfptr, outloc, 1L, rdlen*nbuff, buffer, status ); outloc += nbuff; nbuff = 0; } } inloc++; } while( !*status && inloc<=inExt.numRows ); if( nbuff ) { ffptbb( outfptr, outloc, 1L, rdlen*nbuff, buffer, status ); outloc += nbuff; } if( infptr==outfptr ) { if( outloc<=inExt.numRows ) ffdrow( infptr, outloc, inExt.numRows-outloc+1, status ); } else if( inExt.heapSize && nGood ) { /* Copy heap, if it exists and at least one row copied */ /********************************************************/ /* Get location information from the output extension */ /********************************************************/ if( outfptr->HDUposition != (outfptr->Fptr)->curhdu ) ffmahd( outfptr, (outfptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status ); outExt.dataStart = (outfptr->Fptr)->datastart; outExt.heapStart = (outfptr->Fptr)->heapstart; /*************************************************/ /* Insert more space into outfptr if necessary */ /*************************************************/ hsize = outExt.heapStart + outExt.heapSize; freespace = (long) (( ( (hsize + 2879) / 2880) * 2880) - hsize); ntodo = inExt.heapSize; if ( (freespace - ntodo) < 0) { /* not enough existing space? */ ntodo = (ntodo - freespace + 2879) / 2880; /* number of blocks */ ffiblk(outfptr, (long) ntodo, 1, status); /* insert the blocks */ } ffukyj( outfptr, "PCOUNT", inExt.heapSize+outExt.heapSize, NULL, status ); /*******************************************************/ /* Get location information from the input extension */ /*******************************************************/ if( infptr->HDUposition != (infptr->Fptr)->curhdu ) ffmahd( infptr, (infptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status ); inExt.dataStart = (infptr->Fptr)->datastart; inExt.heapStart = (infptr->Fptr)->heapstart; /**********************************/ /* Finally copy heap to outfptr */ /**********************************/ ntodo = inExt.heapSize; inbyteloc = inExt.heapStart + inExt.dataStart; outbyteloc = outExt.heapStart + outExt.dataStart + outExt.heapSize; while ( ntodo && !*status ) { rdlen = (long) minvalue(ntodo,500000); ffmbyt( infptr, inbyteloc, REPORT_EOF, status ); ffgbyt( infptr, rdlen, buffer, status ); ffmbyt( outfptr, outbyteloc, IGNORE_EOF, status ); ffpbyt( outfptr, rdlen, buffer, status ); inbyteloc += rdlen; outbyteloc += rdlen; ntodo -= rdlen; } /***********************************************************/ /* But must update DES if data is being appended to a */ /* pre-existing heap space. Edit each new entry in file */ /***********************************************************/ if( outExt.heapSize ) { LONGLONG repeat, offset, j; int i; for( i=1; i<=(outfptr->Fptr)->tfield; i++ ) { if( (outfptr->Fptr)->tableptr[i-1].tdatatype<0 ) { for( j=outExt.numRows+1; j<=outExt.numRows+nGood; j++ ) { ffgdesll( outfptr, i, j, &repeat, &offset, status ); offset += outExt.heapSize; ffpdes( outfptr, i, j, repeat, offset, status ); } } } } } /* End of HEAP copy */ FREE(buffer); } FREE(Info.dataPtr); ffcprs(&lParse); ffcmph(outfptr, status); /* compress heap, deleting any orphaned data */ return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffcrow( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - Input FITS file */ int datatype, /* I - Datatype to return results as */ char *expr, /* I - Arithmetic expression */ long firstrow, /* I - First row to evaluate */ long nelements, /* I - Number of elements to return */ void *nulval, /* I - Ptr to value to use as UNDEF */ void *array, /* O - Array of results */ int *anynul, /* O - Were any UNDEFs encountered? */ int *status ) /* O - Error status */ /* */ /* Calculate an expression for the indicated rows of a table, returning */ /* the results, cast as datatype (TSHORT, TDOUBLE, etc), in array. If */ /* nulval==NULL, UNDEFs will be zeroed out. For vector results, the number */ /* of elements returned may be less than nelements if nelements is not an */ /* even multiple of the result dimension. Call fftexp to obtain the */ /* dimensions of the results. */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ { parseInfo Info; int naxis; long nelem1, naxes[MAXDIMS]; ParseData lParse; if( *status ) return( *status ); memset(&Info, 0, sizeof(Info)); if( ffiprs( fptr, 0, expr, MAXDIMS, &Info.datatype, &nelem1, &naxis, naxes, &lParse, status ) ) { ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } if( nelem1<0 ) nelem1 = - nelem1; if( nelements1 ? firstrow : 1); if( datatype ) Info.datatype = datatype; Info.dataPtr = array; Info.nullPtr = nulval; Info.maxRows = nelements / nelem1; Info.parseData = &lParse; if( ffiter( lParse.nCols, lParse.colData, firstrow-1, 0, fits_parser_workfn, (void*)&Info, status ) == -1 ) *status=0; /* -1 indicates exitted without error before end... OK */ *anynul = Info.anyNull; ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffcalc( fitsfile *infptr, /* I - Input FITS file */ char *expr, /* I - Arithmetic expression */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* I - Output fits file */ char *parName, /* I - Name of output parameter */ char *parInfo, /* I - Extra information on parameter */ int *status ) /* O - Error status */ /* */ /* Evaluate an expression for all rows of a table. Call ffcalc_rng with */ /* a row range of 1-MAX. */ { long start=1, end=LONG_MAX; return ffcalc_rng( infptr, expr, outfptr, parName, parInfo, 1, &start, &end, status ); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffcalc_rng( fitsfile *infptr, /* I - Input FITS file */ char *expr, /* I - Arithmetic expression */ fitsfile *outfptr, /* I - Output fits file */ char *parName, /* I - Name of output parameter */ char *parInfo, /* I - Extra information on parameter */ int nRngs, /* I - Row range info */ long *start, /* I - Row range info */ long *end, /* I - Row range info */ int *status ) /* O - Error status */ /* */ /* Evaluate an expression using the data in the input FITS file and place */ /* the results into either a column or keyword in the output fits file, */ /* depending on the value of parName (keywords normally prefixed with '#') */ /* and whether the expression evaluates to a constant or a table column. */ /* The logic is as follows: */ /* (1) If a column exists with name, parName, put results there. */ /* (2) If parName starts with '#', as in #NAXIS, put result there, */ /* with parInfo used as the comment. If expression does not evaluate */ /* to a constant, flag an error. */ /* (3) If a keyword exists with name, parName, and expression is a */ /* constant, put result there, using parInfo as the new comment. */ /* (4) Else, create a new column with name parName and TFORM parInfo. */ /* If parInfo is NULL, use a default data type for the column. */ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ { parseInfo Info; int naxis, constant, typecode, newNullKwd=0; long nelem, naxes[MAXDIMS], repeat, width; int col_cnt, colNo; Node *result; char card[81], tform[16], nullKwd[9], tdimKwd[9]; ParseData lParse; if( *status ) return( *status ); memset(&Info, 0, sizeof(Info)); if( ffiprs( infptr, 0, expr, MAXDIMS, &Info.datatype, &nelem, &naxis, naxes, &lParse, status ) ) { ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } if( nelem<0 ) { constant = 1; nelem = -nelem; } else constant = 0; Info.parseData = &lParse; /* Case (1): If column exists put it there */ colNo = 0; if( ffgcno( outfptr, CASEINSEN, parName, &colNo, status )==COL_NOT_FOUND ) { /* Output column doesn't exist. Test for keyword. */ /* Case (2): Does parName indicate result should be put into keyword */ *status = 0; if( parName[0]=='#' ) { if( ! constant ) { ffcprs(&lParse); ffpmsg( "Cannot put tabular result into keyword (ffcalc)" ); return( *status = PARSE_BAD_TYPE ); } parName++; /* Advance past '#' */ if ( (fits_strcasecmp(parName,"HISTORY") == 0 || fits_strcasecmp(parName,"COMMENT") == 0) && Info.datatype != TSTRING ) { ffcprs(&lParse); ffpmsg( "HISTORY and COMMENT values must be strings (ffcalc)" ); return( *status = PARSE_BAD_TYPE ); } } else if( constant ) { /* Case (3): Does a keyword named parName already exist */ if( ffgcrd( outfptr, parName, card, status )==KEY_NO_EXIST ) { colNo = -1; } else if( *status ) { ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } } else colNo = -1; if( colNo<0 ) { /* Case (4): Create new column */ *status = 0; ffgncl( outfptr, &colNo, status ); colNo++; if( parInfo==NULL || *parInfo=='\0' ) { /* Figure out best default column type */ if( lParse.hdutype==BINARY_TBL ) { snprintf(tform,15,"%ld",nelem); switch( Info.datatype ) { case TLOGICAL: strcat(tform,"L"); break; case TLONG: strcat(tform,"J"); break; case TDOUBLE: strcat(tform,"D"); break; case TSTRING: strcat(tform,"A"); break; case TBIT: strcat(tform,"X"); break; case TLONGLONG: strcat(tform,"K"); break; } } else { switch( Info.datatype ) { case TLOGICAL: ffcprs(&lParse); ffpmsg("Cannot create LOGICAL column in ASCII table"); return( *status = NOT_BTABLE ); case TLONG: strcpy(tform,"I11"); break; case TDOUBLE: strcpy(tform,"D23.15"); break; case TSTRING: case TBIT: snprintf(tform,16,"A%ld",nelem); break; } } parInfo = tform; } else if( !(isdigit((int) *parInfo)) && lParse.hdutype==BINARY_TBL ) { if( Info.datatype==TBIT && *parInfo=='B' ) nelem = (nelem+7)/8; snprintf(tform,16,"%ld%s",nelem,parInfo); parInfo = tform; } fficol( outfptr, colNo, parName, parInfo, status ); if( naxis>1 ) ffptdm( outfptr, colNo, naxis, naxes, status ); /* Setup TNULLn keyword in case NULLs are encountered */ ffkeyn("TNULL", colNo, nullKwd, status); if( ffgcrd( outfptr, nullKwd, card, status )==KEY_NO_EXIST ) { *status = 0; if( lParse.hdutype==BINARY_TBL ) { LONGLONG nullVal=0; fits_binary_tform( parInfo, &typecode, &repeat, &width, status ); if( typecode==TBYTE ) nullVal = UCHAR_MAX; else if( typecode==TSHORT ) nullVal = SHRT_MIN; else if( typecode==TINT ) nullVal = INT_MIN; else if( typecode==TLONG ) { if (sizeof(long) == 8 && sizeof(int) == 4) nullVal = INT_MIN; else nullVal = LONG_MIN; } else if( typecode==TLONGLONG ) nullVal = LONGLONG_MIN; if( nullVal ) { ffpkyj( outfptr, nullKwd, nullVal, "Null value", status ); fits_set_btblnull( outfptr, colNo, nullVal, status ); newNullKwd = 1; } } else if( lParse.hdutype==ASCII_TBL ) { ffpkys( outfptr, nullKwd, "NULL", "Null value string", status ); fits_set_atblnull( outfptr, colNo, "NULL", status ); newNullKwd = 1; } } } } else if( *status ) { ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } else { /********************************************************/ /* Check if a TDIM keyword should be written/updated. */ /********************************************************/ ffkeyn("TDIM", colNo, tdimKwd, status); ffgcrd( outfptr, tdimKwd, card, status ); if( *status==0 ) { /* TDIM exists, so update it with result's dimension */ ffptdm( outfptr, colNo, naxis, naxes, status ); } else if( *status==KEY_NO_EXIST ) { /* TDIM does not exist, so clear error stack and */ /* write a TDIM only if result is multi-dimensional */ *status = 0; ffcmsg(); if( naxis>1 ) ffptdm( outfptr, colNo, naxis, naxes, status ); } if( *status ) { /* Either some other error happened in ffgcrd */ /* or one happened in ffptdm */ ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } } if( colNo>0 ) { /* Output column exists (now)... put results into it */ int anyNull = 0; int nPerLp, i; long totaln; ffgkyj(infptr, "NAXIS2", &totaln, 0, status); /*************************************/ /* Create new iterator Output Column */ /*************************************/ col_cnt = lParse.nCols; if( fits_parser_allocateCol( &lParse, col_cnt, status ) ) { ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } fits_iter_set_by_num( lParse.colData+col_cnt, outfptr, colNo, 0, OutputCol ); lParse.nCols++; for( i=0; i= 10) && (nRngs == 1) && (start[0] == 1) && (end[0] == totaln)) nPerLp = 0; else nPerLp = Info.maxRows; if( ffiter( lParse.nCols, lParse.colData, start[i]-1, nPerLp, fits_parser_workfn, (void*)&Info, status ) == -1 ) *status = 0; else if( *status ) { ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } if( Info.anyNull ) anyNull = 1; } if( newNullKwd && !anyNull ) { ffdkey( outfptr, nullKwd, status ); } } else { /* Put constant result into keyword */ result = lParse.Nodes + lParse.resultNode; switch( Info.datatype ) { case TDOUBLE: ffukyd( outfptr, parName, result->value.data.dbl, 15, parInfo, status ); break; case TLONG: ffukyj( outfptr, parName, result->value.data.lng, parInfo, status ); break; case TLOGICAL: ffukyl( outfptr, parName, result->value.data.log, parInfo, status ); break; case TBIT: case TSTRING: if (fits_strcasecmp(parName,"HISTORY") == 0) { ffphis( outfptr, result->value.data.str, status); } else if (fits_strcasecmp(parName,"COMMENT") == 0) { ffpcom( outfptr, result->value.data.str, status); } else { ffukys( outfptr, parName, result->value.data.str, parInfo, status ); } break; } } ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fftexp( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - Input FITS file */ char *expr, /* I - Arithmetic expression */ int maxdim, /* I - Max Dimension of naxes */ int *datatype, /* O - Data type of result */ long *nelem, /* O - Vector length of result */ int *naxis, /* O - # of dimensions of result */ long *naxes, /* O - Size of each dimension */ int *status ) /* O - Error status */ /* */ /* Evaluate the given expression and return information on the result. */ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ { ParseData lParse; ffiprs( fptr, 0, expr, maxdim, datatype, nelem, naxis, naxes, &lParse, status ); ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffiprs( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - Input FITS file */ int compressed, /* I - Is FITS file hkunexpanded? */ char *expr, /* I - Arithmetic expression */ int maxdim, /* I - Max Dimension of naxes */ int *datatype, /* O - Data type of result */ long *nelem, /* O - Vector length of result */ int *naxis, /* O - # of dimensions of result */ long *naxes, /* O - Size of each dimension */ ParseData *lParse, /* O - parser status */ int *status ) /* O - Error status */ /* */ /* Initialize the parser and determine what type of result the expression */ /* produces. */ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ { Node *result; int i,lexpr, tstatus = 0; int xaxis, bitpix; long xaxes[9]; yyscan_t yylex_scanner; /* Used internally by FLEX lexer */ PixelFilter *pixFilter = 0; if( *status ) return( *status ); /* make sure all internal structures for this HDU are current */ if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) ) return(*status); /* Initialize the Parser structure */ /* Unfortunately we need to preserve the pixFilter value since it is pre-set when ffiprs() is called */ pixFilter = lParse->pixFilter; memset(lParse, 0, sizeof(*lParse)); lParse->pixFilter = pixFilter; lParse->def_fptr = fptr; lParse->compressed = compressed; lParse->nCols = 0; lParse->colData = NULL; lParse->varData = NULL; lParse->getData = find_column; lParse->loadData = load_column; lParse->Nodes = NULL; lParse->nNodesAlloc= 0; lParse->nNodes = 0; lParse->hdutype = 0; lParse->status = 0; fits_get_hdu_type(fptr, &(lParse->hdutype), status ); if (lParse->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { fits_get_img_param(fptr, 9, &bitpix, &xaxis, xaxes, status); if (*status) { ffpmsg("ffiprs: unable to get image dimensions"); return( *status ); } lParse->totalRows = xaxis > 0 ? 1 : 0; for (i = 0; i < xaxis; ++i) lParse->totalRows *= xaxes[i]; if (DEBUG_PIXFILTER) printf("naxis=%d, lParse->totalRows=%ld\n", xaxis, lParse->totalRows); } else if( ffgkyj(fptr, "NAXIS2", &lParse->totalRows, 0, &tstatus) ) { /* this might be a 1D or null image with no NAXIS2 keyword */ lParse->totalRows = 0; } /* Copy expression into parser... read from file if necessary */ if( expr[0]=='@' ) { if( ffimport_file( expr+1, &lParse->expr, status ) ) return( *status ); lexpr = strlen(lParse->expr); } else { lexpr = strlen(expr); lParse->expr = (char*)malloc( (2+lexpr)*sizeof(char)); strcpy(lParse->expr,expr); } strcat(lParse->expr + lexpr,"\n"); lParse->index = 0; lParse->is_eobuf = 0; /* Parse the expression, building the Nodes and determing */ /* which columns are needed and what data type is returned */ fits_parser_yylex_init_extra(lParse, &yylex_scanner); fits_parser_yyrestart(NULL, yylex_scanner); *status = fits_parser_yyparse(yylex_scanner, lParse); fits_parser_yylex_destroy(yylex_scanner); if( *status ) return( *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR ); /* Check results */ *status = lParse->status; if( *status ) return(*status); if( !lParse->nNodes ) { ffpmsg("Blank expression"); return( *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR ); } if( !lParse->nCols ) { lParse->colData = (iteratorCol *) malloc(sizeof(iteratorCol)); if (lParse->colData == 0) { ffpmsg("memory allocation failed (ffiprs)"); return( *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION ); } /* This allows iterator to know value of */ /* fptr when no columns are referenced */ memset(lParse->colData, 0, sizeof(iteratorCol)); lParse->colData[0].fptr = fptr; } result = lParse->Nodes + lParse->resultNode; *naxis = lParse->nAxis = result->value.naxis; *nelem = lParse->nElements = result->value.nelem; for( i=0; i<*naxis && inAxes[i] = result->value.naxes[i]; switch( result->type ) { case BOOLEAN: *datatype = TLOGICAL; break; case LONG: *datatype = TLONG; break; case DOUBLE: *datatype = TDOUBLE; break; case BITSTR: *datatype = TBIT; break; case STRING: *datatype = TSTRING; break; default: *datatype = 0; ffpmsg("Bad return data type"); *status = lParse->status = PARSE_BAD_TYPE; break; } lParse->datatype = *datatype; FREE(lParse->expr); if( result->operation==CONST_OP ) *nelem = - *nelem; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void ffcprs( ParseData *lParse ) /* */ /* Clear the parser, making it ready to accept a new expression. */ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ { int col, node, i; if( lParse->nCols > 0 ) { FREE( lParse->colData ); for( col=0; colnCols; col++ ) { if( lParse->varData[col].undef == NULL ) continue; if( lParse->varData[col].type == BITSTR ) FREE( ((char**)lParse->varData[col].data)[0] ); free( lParse->varData[col].undef ); } FREE( lParse->varData ); lParse->nCols = 0; } else if ( lParse->colData ) { /* Special case if colData needed to be created with no columns */ FREE( lParse->colData ); } if( lParse->nNodes > 0 ) { node = lParse->nNodes; while( node-- ) { if( lParse->Nodes[node].operation==gtifilt_fct ) { i = lParse->Nodes[node].SubNodes[0]; if (lParse->Nodes[ i ].value.data.ptr) FREE( lParse->Nodes[ i ].value.data.ptr ); } else if( lParse->Nodes[node].operation==regfilt_fct ) { i = lParse->Nodes[node].SubNodes[0]; fits_free_region( (SAORegion *)lParse->Nodes[ i ].value.data.ptr ); } } lParse->nNodes = 0; } if( lParse->Nodes ) free( lParse->Nodes ); lParse->Nodes = NULL; lParse->hdutype = ANY_HDU; lParse->pixFilter = 0; lParse->nDataRows = lParse->nPrevDataRows = 0; } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_parser_workfn( long totalrows, /* I - Total rows to be processed */ long offset, /* I - Number of rows skipped at start*/ long firstrow, /* I - First row of this iteration */ long nrows, /* I - Number of rows in this iter */ int nCols, /* I - Number of columns in use */ iteratorCol *colData, /* IO- Column information/data */ void *userPtr ) /* I - Data handling instructions */ /* */ /* Iterator work function which calls the parser and copies the results */ /* into either an OutputCol or a data pointer supplied in the userPtr */ /* structure. */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ { int status, constant=0, anyNullThisTime=0; long jj, kk, idx, remain, ntodo; Node *result; iteratorCol * outcol; ParseData *lParse = ((parseInfo*)userPtr)->parseData; struct ParseStatusVariables *pv = &( ((parseInfo*)userPtr)->parseVariables ); void *Data0 = 0; /* declare variables static to preserve their values between calls */ long zeros[4] = {0,0,0,0}; if (DEBUG_PIXFILTER) printf("fits_parser_workfn(total=%ld, offset=%ld, first=%ld, rows=%ld, cols=%d)\n", totalrows, offset, firstrow, nrows, nCols); /*--------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Initialization procedures: execute on the first call */ /*--------------------------------------------------------*/ outcol = colData + (nCols - 1); if (firstrow == offset+1) { (pv->userInfo) = (parseInfo*)userPtr; (pv->userInfo)->anyNull = 0; /* Unfortunately there are two copies of the iterator columns, one inside the parser and one outside maintained by the higher level. (This could happen if the histogramming routines are binning multiple columns, and so there are multiple parsers being managed at one time.) Upon the first call we make sure they match */ for (jj = 0; jjcolData[jj].repeat = colData[jj].repeat; } if( (pv->userInfo)->maxRows>0 ) (pv->userInfo)->maxRows = minvalue(totalrows,(pv->userInfo)->maxRows); else if( (pv->userInfo)->maxRows<0 ) (pv->userInfo)->maxRows = totalrows; else (pv->userInfo)->maxRows = nrows; (pv->lastRow) = firstrow + (pv->userInfo)->maxRows - 1; /* dataPtr == NULL indicates an iterator-derived column, which means that the first value will be a null value and the remaining values will be the where the outputs are placed */ if( (pv->userInfo)->dataPtr==NULL ) { if( outcol->iotype == InputCol ) { ffpmsg("Output column for parser results not found!"); return( PARSE_NO_OUTPUT ); } /* Data gets set later */ (pv->Null) = outcol->array; (pv->userInfo)->datatype = outcol->datatype; /* Check for a TNULL/BLANK keyword for output column/image */ status = 0; (pv->jnull) = 0; if (lParse->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { if (lParse->pixFilter->blank) (pv->jnull) = (LONGLONG) lParse->pixFilter->blank; } else { if (outcol->iotype != TemporaryCol) { ffgknjj( outcol->fptr, "TNULL", outcol->colnum, 1, &(pv->jnull), (int*)&jj, &status ); } if( status==BAD_INTKEY || outcol->iotype == TemporaryCol) { /* Probably ASCII table with text TNULL keyword */ switch( (pv->userInfo)->datatype ) { case TSHORT: (pv->jnull) = (LONGLONG) SHRT_MIN; break; case TINT: (pv->jnull) = (LONGLONG) INT_MIN; break; case TLONG: (pv->jnull) = (LONGLONG) LONG_MIN; break; } } } (pv->repeat) = outcol->repeat; /* if (DEBUG_PIXFILTER) printf("fits_parser_workfn: using null value %ld\n", (pv->jnull)); */ } else { /* This clause applies if the user is passing user-allocated data arrays, which is where the data will be placed. This means they should also be passing null values */ (pv->Data) = (pv->userInfo)->dataPtr; (pv->Null) = ((pv->userInfo)->nullPtr ? (pv->userInfo)->nullPtr : zeros); (pv->repeat) = lParse->Nodes[lParse->resultNode].value.nelem; } /* Determine the size of each element of the returned result */ switch( (pv->userInfo)->datatype ) { case TBIT: /* Fall through to TBYTE */ case TLOGICAL: /* Fall through to TBYTE */ case TBYTE: (pv->datasize) = sizeof(char); break; case TSHORT: (pv->datasize) = sizeof(short); break; case TINT: (pv->datasize) = sizeof(int); break; case TLONG: (pv->datasize) = sizeof(long); break; case TLONGLONG: (pv->datasize) = sizeof(LONGLONG); break; case TFLOAT: (pv->datasize) = sizeof(float); break; case TDOUBLE: (pv->datasize) = sizeof(double); break; case TSTRING: (pv->datasize) = sizeof(char*); break; } /* Determine the size of each element of the calculated result */ /* (only matters for numeric/logical data) */ switch( lParse->Nodes[lParse->resultNode].type ) { case BOOLEAN: (pv->resDataSize) = sizeof(char); break; case LONG: (pv->resDataSize) = sizeof(long); break; case DOUBLE: (pv->resDataSize) = sizeof(double); break; } } /*-------------------------------------------*/ /* Main loop: process all the rows of data */ /*-------------------------------------------*/ /* If writing to output column, set first element to appropriate */ /* null value. If no NULLs encounter, zero out before returning. */ /* if (DEBUG_PIXFILTER) printf("fits_parser_workfn: using null value %ld\n", (pv->jnull)); */ if( (pv->userInfo)->dataPtr == NULL ) { /* First, reset Data pointer to start of output array, plus 1 because the 0th element is the null value (cute undocumented feature of the iterator!) */ (pv->Data) = (char*) outcol->array + (pv->datasize); /* A TemporaryCol with null value specified explicitly */ if (outcol->iotype == TemporaryCol && (pv->userInfo)->nullPtr) { pv->Null = (pv->userInfo)->nullPtr; } else { /* ... or an OutputCol or TemporaryCol with no explicit null */ switch( (pv->userInfo)->datatype ) { case TLOGICAL: *(char *)(pv->Null) = 'U'; break; case TBYTE: *(char *)(pv->Null) = (char )(pv->jnull); break; case TSHORT: *(short *)(pv->Null) = (short)(pv->jnull); break; case TINT: *(int *)(pv->Null) = (int )(pv->jnull); break; case TLONG: *(long *)(pv->Null) = (long )(pv->jnull); break; case TLONGLONG: *(LONGLONG *)(pv->Null) = (LONGLONG )(pv->jnull); break; case TFLOAT: *(float *)(pv->Null) = FLOATNULLVALUE; break; case TDOUBLE: *(double*)(pv->Null) = DOUBLENULLVALUE; break; case TSTRING: (*(char **)(pv->Null))[0] = '\1'; (*(char **)(pv->Null))[1] = '\0'; break; } } } /* Alter nrows in case calling routine didn't want to do all rows */ Data0 = pv->Data; /* Record starting point */ nrows = minvalue(nrows,(pv->lastRow)-firstrow+1); Setup_DataArrays( lParse, nCols, colData, firstrow, nrows ); /* Parser allocates arrays for each column and calculation it performs. */ /* Limit number of rows processed during each pass to reduce memory */ /* requirements... In most cases, iterator will limit rows to less */ /* than 10000 rows per iteration, so this is really only relevant for */ /* hk-compressed files which must be decompressed in memory and sent */ /* whole to fits_parser_workfn in a single iteration. */ remain = nrows; while( remain ) { ntodo = minvalue(remain,10000); Evaluate_Parser ( lParse, firstrow, ntodo ); if( lParse->status ) break; firstrow += ntodo; remain -= ntodo; /* Copy results into data array */ result = lParse->Nodes + lParse->resultNode; if( result->operation==CONST_OP ) constant = 1; switch( result->type ) { case BOOLEAN: case LONG: case DOUBLE: if( constant ) { char undef=0; for( kk=0; kkrepeat); jj++ ) ffcvtn( lParse->datatype, &(result->value.data), &undef, result->value.nelem /* 1 */, (pv->userInfo)->datatype, (pv->Null), (char*)(pv->Data) + (kk*(pv->repeat)+jj)*(pv->datasize), &anyNullThisTime, &lParse->status ); } else { if ( (pv->repeat) == result->value.nelem ) { ffcvtn( lParse->datatype, result->value.data.ptr, result->value.undef, result->value.nelem*ntodo, (pv->userInfo)->datatype, (pv->Null), (pv->Data), &anyNullThisTime, &lParse->status ); } else if( result->value.nelem == 1 ) { for( kk=0; kkrepeat); jj++ ) { ffcvtn( lParse->datatype, (char*)result->value.data.ptr + kk*(pv->resDataSize), (char*)result->value.undef + kk, 1, (pv->userInfo)->datatype, (pv->Null), (char*)(pv->Data) + (kk*(pv->repeat)+jj)*(pv->datasize), &anyNullThisTime, &lParse->status ); } } else { int nCopy; nCopy = minvalue( (pv->repeat), result->value.nelem ); for( kk=0; kkdatatype, (char*)result->value.data.ptr + kk*result->value.nelem*(pv->resDataSize), (char*)result->value.undef + kk*result->value.nelem, nCopy, (pv->userInfo)->datatype, (pv->Null), (char*)(pv->Data) + (kk*(pv->repeat))*(pv->datasize), &anyNullThisTime, &lParse->status ); if( nCopy < (pv->repeat) ) { memset( (char*)(pv->Data) + (kk*(pv->repeat)+nCopy)*(pv->datasize), 0, ((pv->repeat)-nCopy)*(pv->datasize)); } } } if( result->operation>0 ) { FREE( result->value.data.ptr ); } } if( lParse->status==OVERFLOW_ERR ) { lParse->status = NUM_OVERFLOW; ffpmsg("Numerical overflow while converting expression to necessary datatype"); } break; case BITSTR: switch( (pv->userInfo)->datatype ) { case TBYTE: idx = -1; for( kk=0; kkvalue.nelem; jj++ ) { if( jj%8 == 0 ) ((char*)(pv->Data))[++idx] = 0; if( constant ) { if( result->value.data.str[jj]=='1' ) ((char*)(pv->Data))[idx] |= 128>>(jj%8); } else { if( result->value.data.strptr[kk][jj]=='1' ) ((char*)(pv->Data))[idx] |= 128>>(jj%8); } } } break; case TBIT: case TLOGICAL: if( constant ) { for( kk=0; kkvalue.nelem; jj++ ) { ((char*)(pv->Data))[ jj+kk*result->value.nelem ] = ( result->value.data.str[jj]=='1' ); } } else { for( kk=0; kkvalue.nelem; jj++ ) { ((char*)(pv->Data))[ jj+kk*result->value.nelem ] = ( result->value.data.strptr[kk][jj]=='1' ); } } break; case TSTRING: if( constant ) { for( jj=0; jjData))[jj], result->value.data.str ); } } else { for( jj=0; jjData))[jj], result->value.data.strptr[jj] ); } } break; default: ffpmsg("Cannot convert bit expression to desired type."); lParse->status = PARSE_BAD_TYPE; break; } if( result->operation>0 ) { FREE( result->value.data.strptr[0] ); FREE( result->value.data.strptr ); } break; case STRING: if( (pv->userInfo)->datatype==TSTRING ) { if( constant ) { for( jj=0; jjData))[jj], result->value.data.str ); } else { for( jj=0; jjvalue.undef[jj] ) { anyNullThisTime = 1; strcpy( ((char**)(pv->Data))[jj], *(char **)(pv->Null) ); } else { strcpy( ((char**)(pv->Data))[jj], result->value.data.strptr[jj] ); } } } else { ffpmsg("Cannot convert string expression to desired type."); lParse->status = PARSE_BAD_TYPE; } if( result->operation>0 ) { FREE( result->value.data.strptr[0] ); FREE( result->value.data.strptr ); } break; } if( lParse->status ) break; /* Increment Data to point to where the next block should go */ if( result->type==BITSTR && (pv->userInfo)->datatype==TBYTE ) (pv->Data) = (char*)(pv->Data) + (pv->datasize) * ( (result->value.nelem+7)/8 ) * ntodo; else if( result->type==STRING ) (pv->Data) = (char*)(pv->Data) + (pv->datasize) * ntodo; else (pv->Data) = (char*)(pv->Data) + (pv->datasize) * ntodo * (pv->repeat); } /* If a TemporaryCol output is used, we want to inform the caller what the null value is expected to be */ if (pv->Null != outcol->array && (Data0) == (char*) outcol->array + (pv->datasize)) { if( (pv->userInfo)->datatype == TSTRING ) memcpy( outcol->array, *(char **)(pv->Null), 2 ); else memcpy( outcol->array, (pv->Null), (pv->datasize) ); } /* If no NULLs encountered during this pass, set Null value to */ /* zero to make the writing of the output column data faster */ if( anyNullThisTime ) (pv->userInfo)->anyNull = 1; else if( pv->Null == outcol->array ) { if( (pv->userInfo)->datatype == TSTRING ) memcpy( *(char **)(pv->Null), zeros, 2 ); else memcpy( (pv->Null), zeros, (pv->datasize) ); } /*-------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Clean up procedures: after processing all the rows */ /*-------------------------------------------------------*/ /* if the calling routine specified that only a limited number */ /* of rows in the table should be processed, return a value of -1 */ /* once all the rows have been done, if no other error occurred. */ if (lParse->hdutype != IMAGE_HDU && firstrow - 1 == (pv->lastRow)) { if (!lParse->status && (pv->userInfo)->maxRowsstatus); /* return successful status */ } static void Setup_DataArrays( ParseData *lParse, int nCols, iteratorCol *cols, long fRow, long nRows ) /***********************************************************************/ /* Setup the varData array in gParse to contain the fits column data. */ /* Then, allocate and initialize the necessary UNDEF arrays for each */ /* column used by the parser. */ /***********************************************************************/ { int i; long nelem, len, row, idx; char **bitStrs; char **sptr; char *barray; long *iarray; double *rarray; char msg[80]; int do_realloc = 0; lParse->firstDataRow = fRow; lParse->nDataRows = nRows; /* Only perform reallocations if the number of rows changed */ if (lParse->nPrevDataRows != nRows) do_realloc = 1; /* Resize and fill in UNDEF arrays for each column */ for( i=0; ivarData + i; if( icol->iotype == OutputCol || icol->iotype == TemporaryCol ) continue; nelem = varData->nelem; len = nelem * nRows; switch ( varData->type ) { case BITSTR: /* No need for UNDEF array, but must make string DATA array */ len = (nelem+1)*nRows; /* Count '\0' */ bitStrs = (char**)varData->data; if (do_realloc) { if( bitStrs ) FREE( bitStrs[0] ); free( bitStrs ); bitStrs = (char**)malloc( nRows*sizeof(char*) ); if( bitStrs==NULL ) { varData->data = varData->undef = NULL; lParse->status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; break; } bitStrs[0] = (char*)malloc( len*sizeof(char) ); if( bitStrs[0]==NULL ) { free( bitStrs ); varData->data = varData->undef = NULL; lParse->status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; break; } } for( row=0; rowarray)[idx] & (1<<(7-len%8)) ) bitStrs[row][len] = '1'; else bitStrs[row][len] = '0'; if( len%8==7 ) idx++; } bitStrs[row][len] = '\0'; } varData->undef = (char*)bitStrs; varData->data = (char*)bitStrs; break; case STRING: sptr = (char**)icol->array; if (do_realloc) { if (varData->undef) free( varData->undef ); varData->undef = (char*)malloc( nRows*sizeof(char) ); if( varData->undef==NULL ) { lParse->status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; break; } } row = nRows; while( row-- ) varData->undef[row] = ( **sptr != '\0' && FSTRCMP( sptr[0], sptr[row+1] )==0 ); varData->data = sptr + 1; break; case BOOLEAN: barray = (char*)icol->array; if (do_realloc) { if (varData->undef) free( varData->undef ); varData->undef = (char*)malloc( len*sizeof(char) ); if( varData->undef==NULL ) { lParse->status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; break; } } while( len-- ) { varData->undef[len] = ( barray[0]!=0 && barray[0]==barray[len+1] ); } varData->data = barray + 1; break; case LONG: iarray = (long*)icol->array; if (do_realloc) { if (varData->undef) free( varData->undef ); varData->undef = (char*)malloc( len*sizeof(char) ); if( varData->undef==NULL ) { lParse->status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; break; } } while( len-- ) { varData->undef[len] = ( iarray[0]!=0L && iarray[0]==iarray[len+1] ); } varData->data = iarray + 1; break; case DOUBLE: rarray = (double*)icol->array; if (do_realloc) { if (varData->undef) free( varData->undef ); varData->undef = (char*)malloc( len*sizeof(char) ); if( varData->undef==NULL ) { lParse->status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; break; } } while( len-- ) { varData->undef[len] = ( rarray[0]!=0.0 && rarray[0]==rarray[len+1]); } varData->data = rarray + 1; break; default: snprintf(msg, 80, "SetupDataArrays, unhandled type %d\n", varData->type); ffpmsg(msg); } if( lParse->status ) { /* Deallocate NULL arrays of previous columns */ while( i-- ) { varData = lParse->varData + i; if( varData->type==BITSTR ) FREE( ((char**)varData->data)[0] ); FREE( varData->undef ); varData->undef = NULL; } lParse->nPrevDataRows = 0; return; } } lParse->nPrevDataRows = nRows; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffcvtn( int inputType, /* I - Data type of input array */ void *input, /* I - Input array of type inputType */ char *undef, /* I - Array of flags indicating UNDEF elems */ long ntodo, /* I - Number of elements to process */ int outputType, /* I - Data type of output array */ void *nulval, /* I - Ptr to value to use for UNDEF elements */ void *output, /* O - Output array of type outputType */ int *anynull, /* O - Any nulls flagged? */ int *status ) /* O - Error status */ /* */ /* Convert an array of any input data type to an array of any output */ /* data type, using an array of UNDEF flags to assign nulvals to */ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ { long i; switch( outputType ) { case TLOGICAL: switch( inputType ) { case TLOGICAL: case TBYTE: for( i=0; i UCHAR_MAX ) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; ((unsigned char*)output)[i] = UCHAR_MAX; } else ((unsigned char*)output)[i] = (unsigned char) ((long*)input)[i]; } } return( *status ); case TFLOAT: fffr4i1((float*)input,ntodo,1.,0.,0,0,NULL,NULL, (unsigned char*)output,status); break; case TDOUBLE: fffr8i1((double*)input,ntodo,1.,0.,0,0,NULL,NULL, (unsigned char*)output,status); break; default: *status = BAD_DATATYPE; break; } for(i=0;i SHRT_MAX ) { *status = OVERFLOW_ERR; ((short*)output)[i] = SHRT_MAX; } else ((short*)output)[i] = (short) ((long*)input)[i]; } } return( *status ); case TFLOAT: fffr4i2((float*)input,ntodo,1.,0.,0,0,NULL,NULL, (short*)output,status); break; case TDOUBLE: fffr8i2((double*)input,ntodo,1.,0.,0,0,NULL,NULL, (short*)output,status); break; default: *status = BAD_DATATYPE; break; } for(i=0;inCols; if( fits_parser_allocateCol( lParse, col_cnt, status ) ) return *status; /* Set important variables for TemporaryCol where calculated results end up */ fits_iter_set_by_num( &(lParse->colData[col_cnt]), 0, 0, TDOUBLE, TemporaryCol); lParse->colData[col_cnt].repeat = lParse->nElements; Info->dataPtr = NULL; Info->nullPtr = nulval; Info->maxRows = nrows; Info->parseData = lParse; lParse->nCols ++; return 0; } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_uncompress_hkdata( ParseData *lParse, fitsfile *fptr, long ntimes, double *times, int *status ) /* */ /* description */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ { char parName[256], *sPtr[1], found[1000]; int parNo, anynul; long naxis2, row, currelem; double currtime, newtime; sPtr[0] = parName; currelem = 0; currtime = -1e38; parNo=lParse->nCols; while( parNo-- ) found[parNo] = 0; if( ffgkyj( fptr, "NAXIS2", &naxis2, NULL, status ) ) return( *status ); for( row=1; row<=naxis2; row++ ) { if( ffgcvd( fptr, lParse->timeCol, row, 1L, 1L, 0.0, &newtime, &anynul, status ) ) return( *status ); if( newtime != currtime ) { /* New time encountered... propogate parameters to next row */ if( currelem==ntimes ) { ffpmsg("Found more unique time stamps than caller indicated"); return( *status = PARSE_BAD_COL ); } times[currelem++] = currtime = newtime; parNo = lParse->nCols; while( parNo-- ) { switch( lParse->colData[parNo].datatype ) { case TLONG: ((long*)lParse->colData[parNo].array)[currelem] = ((long*)lParse->colData[parNo].array)[currelem-1]; break; case TDOUBLE: ((double*)lParse->colData[parNo].array)[currelem] = ((double*)lParse->colData[parNo].array)[currelem-1]; break; case TSTRING: strcpy( ((char **)lParse->colData[parNo].array)[currelem], ((char **)lParse->colData[parNo].array)[currelem-1] ); break; } } } if( ffgcvs( fptr, lParse->parCol, row, 1L, 1L, "", sPtr, &anynul, status ) ) return( *status ); parNo = lParse->nCols; while( parNo-- ) if( !fits_strcasecmp( parName, lParse->varData[parNo].name ) ) break; if( parNo>=0 ) { found[parNo] = 1; /* Flag this parameter as found */ switch( lParse->colData[parNo].datatype ) { case TLONG: ffgcvj( fptr, lParse->valCol, row, 1L, 1L, ((long*)lParse->colData[parNo].array)[0], ((long*)lParse->colData[parNo].array)+currelem, &anynul, status ); break; case TDOUBLE: ffgcvd( fptr, lParse->valCol, row, 1L, 1L, ((double*)lParse->colData[parNo].array)[0], ((double*)lParse->colData[parNo].array)+currelem, &anynul, status ); break; case TSTRING: ffgcvs( fptr, lParse->valCol, row, 1L, 1L, ((char**)lParse->colData[parNo].array)[0], ((char**)lParse->colData[parNo].array)+currelem, &anynul, status ); break; } if( *status ) return( *status ); } } if( currelemnCols; while( parNo-- ) if( !found[parNo] ) { snprintf( parName, 256, "Parameter not found: %-30s", lParse->varData[parNo].name ); ffpmsg( parName ); *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR; } return( *status ); } typedef struct { long *prownum; ParseData *lParse; } ffffrw_workdata; /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffffrw( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - Input FITS file */ char *expr, /* I - Boolean expression */ long *rownum, /* O - First row of table to eval to T */ int *status ) /* O - Error status */ /* */ /* Evaluate a boolean expression, returning the row number of the first */ /* row which evaluates to TRUE */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ { int naxis, constant, dtype; long nelem, naxes[MAXDIMS]; char result; ParseData lParse; if( *status ) return( *status ); if( ffiprs( fptr, 0, expr, MAXDIMS, &dtype, &nelem, &naxis, naxes, &lParse, status ) ) { ffcprs(&lParse); return( *status ); } if( nelem<0 ) { constant = 1; nelem = -nelem; } else constant = 0; if( dtype!=TLOGICAL || nelem!=1 ) { ffcprs(&lParse); ffpmsg("Expression does not evaluate to a logical scalar."); return( *status = PARSE_BAD_TYPE ); } *rownum = 0; if( constant ) { /* No need to call parser... have result from ffiprs */ result = lParse.Nodes[lParse.resultNode].value.data.log; if( result ) { /* Make sure there is at least 1 row in table */ ffgnrw( fptr, &nelem, status ); if( nelem ) *rownum = 1; } } else { ffffrw_workdata workData; workData.prownum = rownum; workData.lParse = &lParse; if( ffiter( lParse.nCols, lParse.colData, 0, 0, ffffrw_work, (void*)&workData, status ) == -1 ) *status = 0; /* -1 indicates exitted without error before end... OK */ } ffcprs(&lParse); return(*status); } /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffffrw_work(long totalrows, /* I - Total rows to be processed */ long offset, /* I - Number of rows skipped at start*/ long firstrow, /* I - First row of this iteration */ long nrows, /* I - Number of rows in this iter */ int nCols, /* I - Number of columns in use */ iteratorCol *colData, /* IO- Column information/data */ void *userPtr ) /* I - Data handling instructions */ /* */ /* Iterator work function which calls the parser and searches for the */ /* first row which evaluates to TRUE. */ /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ { long idx; Node *result; ffffrw_workdata *workData = userPtr; ParseData *lParse = workData->lParse; Evaluate_Parser( lParse, firstrow, nrows ); if( !lParse->status ) { result = lParse->Nodes + lParse->resultNode; if( result->operation==CONST_OP ) { if( result->value.data.log ) { *(workData->prownum) = firstrow; return( -1 ); } } else { for( idx=0; idxvalue.data.logptr[idx] && !result->value.undef[idx] ) { *(workData->prownum) = firstrow + idx;; return( -1 ); } } } return( lParse->status ); } static int set_image_col_types (ParseData *lParse, fitsfile * fptr, const char * name, int bitpix, DataInfo * varInfo, iteratorCol *colIter) { int istatus; double tscale, tzero; char temp[80]; switch (bitpix) { case BYTE_IMG: case SHORT_IMG: case LONG_IMG: istatus = 0; if (fits_read_key(fptr, TDOUBLE, "BZERO", &tzero, NULL, &istatus)) tzero = 0.0; istatus = 0; if (fits_read_key(fptr, TDOUBLE, "BSCALE", &tscale, NULL, &istatus)) tscale = 1.0; if (tscale == 1.0 && (tzero == 0.0 || tzero == 32768.0 )) { varInfo->type = LONG; colIter->datatype = TLONG; } else { varInfo->type = DOUBLE; colIter->datatype = TDOUBLE; if (DEBUG_PIXFILTER) printf("use DOUBLE for %s with BSCALE=%g/BZERO=%g\n", name, tscale, tzero); } break; case LONGLONG_IMG: case FLOAT_IMG: case DOUBLE_IMG: varInfo->type = DOUBLE; colIter->datatype = TDOUBLE; break; default: snprintf(temp, 80,"set_image_col_types: unrecognized image bitpix [%d]\n", bitpix); ffpmsg(temp); return lParse->status = PARSE_BAD_TYPE; } return 0; } /************************************************************************* Functions used by the evaluator to access FITS data (find_column, find_keywd, fits_parser_allocateCol, load_column) *************************************************************************/ static int find_column( ParseData *lParse, char *colName, void *itslval ) { FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE *thelval = (FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE*)itslval; int col_cnt, status; int colnum, typecode, type; long repeat, width; fitsfile *fptr; char temp[80]; double tzero,tscale; int istatus; DataInfo *varInfo; iteratorCol *colIter; if (DEBUG_PIXFILTER) printf("find_column(%s)\n", colName); if( *colName == '#' ) return( find_keywd( lParse, colName + 1, itslval ) ); fptr = lParse->def_fptr; status = 0; col_cnt = lParse->nCols; if (lParse->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { int i; if (!lParse->pixFilter) { lParse->status = COL_NOT_FOUND; ffpmsg("find_column: IMAGE_HDU but no PixelFilter"); return pERROR; } colnum = -1; for (i = 0; i < lParse->pixFilter->count; ++i) { if (!fits_strcasecmp(colName, lParse->pixFilter->tag[i])) colnum = i; } if (colnum < 0) { snprintf(temp, 80, "find_column: PixelFilter tag %s not found", colName); ffpmsg(temp); lParse->status = COL_NOT_FOUND; return pERROR; } if( fits_parser_allocateCol( lParse, col_cnt, &lParse->status ) ) return pERROR; varInfo = lParse->varData + col_cnt; colIter = lParse->colData + col_cnt; fptr = lParse->pixFilter->ifptr[colnum]; fits_get_img_param(fptr, MAXDIMS, &typecode, /* actually bitpix */ &varInfo->naxis, &varInfo->naxes[0], &status); varInfo->nelem = 1; type = COLUMN; if (set_image_col_types(lParse, fptr, colName, typecode, varInfo, colIter)) return pERROR; colIter->fptr = fptr; colIter->iotype = InputCol; } else { /* HDU holds a table */ if( lParse->compressed ) colnum = lParse->valCol; else if( fits_get_colnum( fptr, CASEINSEN, colName, &colnum, &status ) ) { if( status == COL_NOT_FOUND ) { type = find_keywd( lParse, colName, itslval ); if( type != pERROR ) ffcmsg(); return( type ); } lParse->status = status; return pERROR; } if( fits_get_coltype( fptr, colnum, &typecode, &repeat, &width, &status ) ) { lParse->status = status; return pERROR; } if( fits_parser_allocateCol( lParse, col_cnt, &lParse->status ) ) return pERROR; varInfo = lParse->varData + col_cnt; colIter = lParse->colData + col_cnt; fits_iter_set_by_num( colIter, fptr, colnum, 0, InputCol ); } /* Make sure we don't overflow variable name array */ strncpy(varInfo->name,colName,MAXVARNAME); varInfo->name[MAXVARNAME] = '\0'; if (lParse->hdutype != IMAGE_HDU) { switch( typecode ) { case TBIT: varInfo->type = BITSTR; colIter->datatype = TBYTE; type = BITCOL; break; case TBYTE: case TSHORT: case TLONG: /* The datatype of column with TZERO and TSCALE keywords might be float or double. */ snprintf(temp,80,"TZERO%d",colnum); istatus = 0; if(fits_read_key(fptr,TDOUBLE,temp,&tzero,NULL,&istatus)) { tzero = 0.0; } snprintf(temp,80,"TSCAL%d",colnum); istatus = 0; if(fits_read_key(fptr,TDOUBLE,temp,&tscale,NULL,&istatus)) { tscale = 1.0; } if (tscale == 1.0 && (tzero == 0.0 || tzero == 32768.0 )) { varInfo->type = LONG; colIter->datatype = TLONG; /* Reading an unsigned long column as a long can cause overflow errors. Treat the column as a double instead. } else if (tscale == 1.0 && tzero == 2147483648.0 ) { varInfo->type = LONG; colIter->datatype = TULONG; */ } else { varInfo->type = DOUBLE; colIter->datatype = TDOUBLE; } type = COLUMN; break; /* For now, treat 8-byte integer columns as type double. This can lose precision, so the better long term solution will be to add support for TLONGLONG as a separate datatype. */ case TLONGLONG: case TFLOAT: case TDOUBLE: varInfo->type = DOUBLE; colIter->datatype = TDOUBLE; type = COLUMN; break; case TLOGICAL: varInfo->type = BOOLEAN; colIter->datatype = TLOGICAL; type = BCOLUMN; break; case TSTRING: varInfo->type = STRING; colIter->datatype = TSTRING; type = SCOLUMN; if ( width >= MAX_STRLEN ) { snprintf(temp, 80, "column %d is wider than maximum %d characters", colnum, MAX_STRLEN-1); ffpmsg(temp); lParse->status = PARSE_LRG_VECTOR; return pERROR; } if( lParse->hdutype == ASCII_TBL ) repeat = width; break; default: if (typecode < 0) { snprintf(temp, 80,"variable-length array columns are not supported. typecode = %d", typecode); ffpmsg(temp); } lParse->status = PARSE_BAD_TYPE; return pERROR; } varInfo->nelem = repeat; colIter->repeat = 0; /* ffiter() will fill in this value */ if( repeat>1 && typecode!=TSTRING ) { if( fits_read_tdim( fptr, colnum, MAXDIMS, &varInfo->naxis, &varInfo->naxes[0], &status ) ) { lParse->status = status; return pERROR; } } else { varInfo->naxis = 1; varInfo->naxes[0] = 1; } } lParse->nCols++; thelval->lng = col_cnt; return( type ); } static int find_keywd(ParseData *lParse, char *keyname, void *itslval ) { FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE *thelval = (FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE*)itslval; int status, type; char keyvalue[FLEN_VALUE], dtype; fitsfile *fptr; double rval; int bval; long ival; status = 0; fptr = lParse->def_fptr; if( fits_read_keyword( fptr, keyname, keyvalue, NULL, &status ) ) { if( status == KEY_NO_EXIST ) { /* Do this since ffgkey doesn't put an error message on stack */ snprintf(keyvalue,FLEN_VALUE, "ffgkey could not find keyword: %s",keyname); ffpmsg(keyvalue); } lParse->status = status; return( pERROR ); } if( fits_get_keytype( keyvalue, &dtype, &status ) ) { lParse->status = status; return( pERROR ); } /* Read appropriate value type and set to CONST_OP */ switch( dtype ) { case 'C': fits_read_key_str( fptr, keyname, keyvalue, NULL, &status ); type = STRING; strcpy( thelval->str , keyvalue ); break; case 'L': fits_read_key_log( fptr, keyname, &bval, NULL, &status ); type = BOOLEAN; thelval->log = bval; break; case 'I': fits_read_key_lng( fptr, keyname, &ival, NULL, &status ); type = LONG; thelval->lng = ival; break; case 'F': fits_read_key_dbl( fptr, keyname, &rval, NULL, &status ); type = DOUBLE; thelval->dbl = rval; break; default: type = pERROR; break; } if( status ) { lParse->status=status; return pERROR; } return( type ); } /* Allocates parser iterator column storage for 25 columns *more* than nCols */ int fits_parser_allocateCol( ParseData *lParse, int nCol, int *status ) { if( (nCol%25)==0 ) { lParse->colData = (iteratorCol*) fits_recalloc( lParse->colData, nCol, nCol+25, sizeof(iteratorCol) ); lParse->varData = (DataInfo *) fits_recalloc( lParse->varData, nCol, nCol+25, sizeof(DataInfo) ); memset( (lParse->colData + nCol), 0x00, sizeof(iteratorCol)*25 ); memset( (lParse->varData + nCol), 0x00, sizeof(DataInfo)*25 ); if( lParse->colData == NULL || lParse->varData == NULL ) { if( lParse->colData ) free(lParse->colData); if( lParse->varData ) free(lParse->varData); lParse->colData = NULL; lParse->varData = NULL; return( *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION ); } } lParse->varData[nCol].data = NULL; lParse->varData[nCol].undef = NULL; return 0; } static int load_column( ParseData *lParse, int varNum, long fRow, long nRows, void *data, char *undef ) { iteratorCol *var; long nelem,nbytes,row,len,idx; char **bitStrs, msg[80]; unsigned char *bytes; int status = 0, anynul; var = lParse->colData+varNum; if (lParse->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { /* This test would need to be on a per varNum basis to support * cross HDU operations */ fits_read_imgnull(var->fptr, var->datatype, fRow, nRows, data, undef, &anynul, &status); if (DEBUG_PIXFILTER) printf("load_column: IMAGE_HDU fRow=%ld, nRows=%ld => %d\n", fRow, nRows, status); } else { nelem = nRows * var->repeat; switch( var->datatype ) { case TBYTE: nbytes = ((var->repeat+7)/8) * nRows; bytes = (unsigned char *)malloc( nbytes * sizeof(char) ); ffgcvb(var->fptr, var->colnum, fRow, 1L, nbytes, 0, bytes, &anynul, &status); nelem = var->repeat; bitStrs = (char **)data; for( row=0; rowfptr, var->colnum, fRow, 1L, nRows, (char **)data, undef, &anynul, &status); break; case TLOGICAL: ffgcfl(var->fptr, var->colnum, fRow, 1L, nelem, (char *)data, undef, &anynul, &status); break; case TLONG: ffgcfj(var->fptr, var->colnum, fRow, 1L, nelem, (long *)data, undef, &anynul, &status); break; case TDOUBLE: ffgcfd(var->fptr, var->colnum, fRow, 1L, nelem, (double *)data, undef, &anynul, &status); break; default: snprintf(msg,80,"load_column: unexpected datatype %d", var->datatype); ffpmsg(msg); } } if( status ) { lParse->status = status; return pERROR; } return 0; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_pixel_filter (PixelFilter * filter, int * status) /* Evaluate an expression using the data in the input FITS file(s) */ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ { parseInfo Info = { 0 }; int naxis, bitpix; long nelem, naxes[MAXDIMS]; int col_cnt; Node *result; int datatype; fitsfile * infptr; fitsfile * outfptr; char * DEFAULT_TAGS[] = { "X" }; char msg[256]; int writeBlankKwd = 0; /* write BLANK if any output nulls? */ ParseData lParse; DEBUG_PIXFILTER = getenv("DEBUG_PIXFILTER") ? 1 : 0; memset(&Info, 0, sizeof(Info)); if (*status) return (*status); if (!filter->tag || !filter->tag[0] || !filter->tag[0][0]) { filter->tag = DEFAULT_TAGS; if (DEBUG_PIXFILTER) printf("using default tag '%s'\n", filter->tag[0]); } infptr = filter->ifptr[0]; outfptr = filter->ofptr; lParse.pixFilter = filter; if (ffiprs(infptr, 0, filter->expression, MAXDIMS, &Info.datatype, &nelem, &naxis, naxes, &lParse, status)) { goto CLEANUP; } if (nelem < 0) { nelem = -nelem; } { /* validate result type */ const char * type = 0; switch (Info.datatype) { case TLOGICAL: type = "LOGICAL"; break; case TLONG: type = "LONG"; break; case TDOUBLE: type = "DOUBLE"; break; case TSTRING: type = "STRING"; *status = pERROR; ffpmsg("pixel_filter: cannot have string image"); case TBIT: type = "BIT"; if (DEBUG_PIXFILTER) printf("hmm, image from bits?\n"); break; default: type = "UNKNOWN?!"; *status = pERROR; ffpmsg("pixel_filter: unexpected result datatype"); } if (DEBUG_PIXFILTER) printf("result type is %s [%d]\n", type, Info.datatype); if (*status) goto CLEANUP; } if (fits_get_img_param(infptr, MAXDIMS, &bitpix, &naxis, &naxes[0], status)) { ffpmsg("pixel_filter: unable to read input image parameters"); goto CLEANUP; } if (DEBUG_PIXFILTER) printf("input bitpix %d\n", bitpix); if (Info.datatype == TDOUBLE) { /* for floating point expressions, set the default output image to bitpix = -32 (float) unless the default is already a double */ if (bitpix != DOUBLE_IMG) bitpix = FLOAT_IMG; } /* override output image bitpix if specified by caller */ if (filter->bitpix) bitpix = filter->bitpix; if (DEBUG_PIXFILTER) printf("output bitpix %d\n", bitpix); if (fits_create_img(outfptr, bitpix, naxis, naxes, status)) { ffpmsg("pixel_filter: unable to create output image"); goto CLEANUP; } /* transfer keycards */ { int i, ncards, more; if (fits_get_hdrspace(infptr, &ncards, &more, status)) { ffpmsg("pixel_filter: unable to determine number of keycards"); goto CLEANUP; } for (i = 1; i <= ncards; ++i) { int keyclass; char card[FLEN_CARD]; if (fits_read_record(infptr, i, card, status)) { snprintf(msg, 256,"pixel_filter: unable to read keycard %d", i); ffpmsg(msg); goto CLEANUP; } keyclass = fits_get_keyclass(card); if (keyclass == TYP_STRUC_KEY) { /* output structure defined by fits_create_img */ } else if (keyclass == TYP_COMM_KEY && i < 12) { /* assume this is one of the FITS standard comments */ } else if (keyclass == TYP_NULL_KEY && bitpix < 0) { /* do not transfer BLANK to real output image */ } else if (keyclass == TYP_SCAL_KEY && bitpix < 0) { /* do not transfer BZERO, BSCALE to real output image */ } else if (fits_write_record(outfptr, card, status)) { snprintf(msg,256, "pixel_filter: unable to write keycard '%s' [%d]\n", card, *status); ffpmsg(msg); goto CLEANUP; } } } switch (bitpix) { case BYTE_IMG: datatype = TLONG; Info.datatype = TBYTE; break; case SHORT_IMG: datatype = TLONG; Info.datatype = TSHORT; break; case LONG_IMG: datatype = TLONG; Info.datatype = TLONG; break; case FLOAT_IMG: datatype = TDOUBLE; Info.datatype = TFLOAT; break; case DOUBLE_IMG: datatype = TDOUBLE; Info.datatype = TDOUBLE; break; default: snprintf(msg, 256,"pixel_filter: unexpected output bitpix %d\n", bitpix); ffpmsg(msg); *status = pERROR; goto CLEANUP; } if (bitpix > 0) { /* arrange for NULLs in output */ long nullVal = filter->blank; if (!filter->blank) { int tstatus = 0; if (fits_read_key_lng(infptr, "BLANK", &nullVal, 0, &tstatus)) { writeBlankKwd = 1; if (bitpix == BYTE_IMG) nullVal = UCHAR_MAX; else if (bitpix == SHORT_IMG) nullVal = SHRT_MIN; else if (bitpix == LONG_IMG) { if (sizeof(long) == 8 && sizeof(int) == 4) nullVal = INT_MIN; else nullVal = LONG_MIN; } else printf("unhandled positive output BITPIX %d\n", bitpix); } filter->blank = nullVal; } fits_set_imgnull(outfptr, filter->blank, status); if (DEBUG_PIXFILTER) printf("using blank %ld\n", nullVal); } if (!filter->keyword[0]) { iteratorCol * colIter; DataInfo * varInfo; /*************************************/ /* Create new iterator Output Column */ /*************************************/ col_cnt = lParse.nCols; if (fits_parser_allocateCol(&lParse, col_cnt, status)) goto CLEANUP; lParse.nCols++; colIter = &lParse.colData[col_cnt]; colIter->fptr = filter->ofptr; colIter->iotype = OutputCol; varInfo = &lParse.varData[col_cnt]; set_image_col_types(&lParse, colIter->fptr, "CREATED", bitpix, varInfo, colIter); Info.maxRows = -1; Info.parseData = &lParse; if (ffiter(lParse.nCols, lParse.colData, 0, 0, fits_parser_workfn, &Info, status) == -1) *status = 0; else if (*status) goto CLEANUP; if (Info.anyNull) { if (writeBlankKwd) { fits_update_key_lng(outfptr, "BLANK", filter->blank, "NULL pixel value", status); if (*status) ffpmsg("pixel_filter: unable to write BLANK keyword"); if (DEBUG_PIXFILTER) { printf("output has NULLs\n"); printf("wrote blank [%d]\n", *status); } } } else if (bitpix > 0) /* never used a null */ if (fits_set_imgnull(outfptr, -1234554321, status)) ffpmsg("pixel_filter: unable to reset imgnull"); } else { /* Put constant result into keyword */ char * parName = filter->keyword; char * parInfo = filter->comment; result = lParse.Nodes + lParse.resultNode; switch (Info.datatype) { case TDOUBLE: ffukyd(outfptr, parName, result->value.data.dbl, 15, parInfo, status); break; case TLONG: ffukyj(outfptr, parName, result->value.data.lng, parInfo, status); break; case TLOGICAL: ffukyl(outfptr, parName, result->value.data.log, parInfo, status); break; case TBIT: case TSTRING: ffukys(outfptr, parName, result->value.data.str, parInfo, status); break; default: snprintf(msg, 256,"pixel_filter: unexpected constant result type [%d]\n", Info.datatype); ffpmsg(msg); } } CLEANUP: ffcprs(&lParse); return (*status); } cfitsio-4.3.1/drvrnet.c0000644000225700000360000037223514456514035014320 0ustar cagordonlhea/* This file, drvrhttp.c contains driver routines for http, ftp and root files. */ /* This file was written by Bruce O'Neel at the ISDC, Switzerland */ /* The FITSIO software is maintained by William Pence at the High Energy */ /* Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA */ /* Goddard Space Flight Center. */ /* Notes on the drivers: The ftp driver uses passive mode exclusivly. If your remote system can't deal with passive mode then it'll fail. Since Netscape Navigator uses passive mode as well there shouldn't be too many ftp servers which have problems. The http driver works properly with 301 and 302 redirects. For many more gory details see http://www.w3c.org/Protocols/rfc2068/rfc2068. The only catch to the 301/302 redirects is that they have to redirect to another http:// url. If not, things would have to change a lot in cfitsio and this was thought to be too difficult. Redirects look like 301 Moved Permanently

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This redirect was from apache 1.2.5 but most of the other servers produce something very similiar. The parser for the redirects finds the first anchor tag in the body and goes there. If that wasn't what was intended by the remote system then hopefully the error stack, which includes notes about the redirect will help the user fix the problem. **************************************************************** Note added in 2017: The redirect format shown above is actually preceded by 2 lines that look like HTTP/1.1 302 Found LOCATION: http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/FTP/software/ftools/release/other/image.fits.gz The CFITSIO parser now looks for the "Location:" string, not the html tag. **************************************************************** Root protocal doesn't have any real docs, so, the emperical docs are as follows. First, you must use a slightly modified rootd server. The modifications include implimentation of the stat command which returns the size of the remote file. Without that it's impossible for cfitsio to work properly since fitsfiles don't include any information about the size of the files in the headers. The rootd server closes the connections on any errors, including reading beyond the end of the file or seeking beyond the end of the file. The rootd:// driver doesn't reopen a closed connection, if the connection is closed you're pretty much done. The messages are of the form All binary information is transfered in network format, so use htonl and ntohl to convert back and forth. :== 4 byte length, in network format, the len doesn't include the length of :== one of the message opcodes below, 4 bytes, network format :== depends on opcode The response is of the same form with the same opcode sent. Success is indicated by being 0. Root is a NFSish protocol where each read/write includes the byte offset to read or write to. As a result, seeks will always succeed in the driver even if they would cause a fatal error when you try to read because you're beyond the end of the file. There is file locking on the host such that you need to possibly create /usr/tmp/rootdtab on the host system. There is one file per socket connection, though the rootd daemon can support multiple files open at once. The messages are sent in the following order: ROOTD_USER - user name, is the user name, trailing null is sent though it's not required it seems. A ROOTD_AUTH message is returned with any sort of error meaning that the user name is wrong. ROOTD_PASS - password, ones complemented, stored in . Once again the trailing null is sent. Once again a ROOTD_AUTH message is returned ROOTD_OPEN - includes filename and one of {create|update|read} as the file mode. ~ seems to be dealt with as the username's login directory. A ROOTD_OPEN message is returned. Once the file is opened any of the following can be sent: ROOTD_STAT - file status and size returns a message where is the file length in bytes ROOTD_FLUSH - flushes the file, not sure this has any real effect on the daemon since the daemon uses open/read/write/close rather than the buffered fopen/fread/fwrite/fclose. ROOTD_GET - on send includes a text message of offset and length to get. Return is a status message first with a status value, then, the raw bytes for the length that you requested. It's an error to seek or read past the end of the file, and, the rootd daemon exits and won't respond anymore. Ie, don't do this. ROOTD_PUT - on send includes a text message of offset and length to put. Then send the raw bytes you want to write. Then recieve a status message When you are finished then you send the message: ROOTD_CLOSE - closes the file Once the file is closed then the socket is closed. Revision 1.56 2000/01/04 11:58:31 oneel Updates so that compressed network files are dealt with regardless of their file names and/or mime types. Revision 1.55 2000/01/04 10:52:40 oneel cfitsio 2.034 Revision 1.51 1999/08/10 12:13:40 oneel Make the http code a bit less picky about the types of files it uncompresses. Now it also uncompresses files which end in .Z or .gz. Revision 1.50 1999/08/04 12:38:46 oneel Don's 2.0.32 patch with dal 1.3 Revision 1.39 1998/12/02 15:31:33 oneel Updates to drvrnet.c so that less compiler warnings would be generated. Fixes the signal handling. Revision 1.38 1998/11/23 10:03:24 oneel Added in a useragent string, as suggested by: Tim Kimball Data Systems Division kimball@stsci.edu 410-338-4417 Space Telescope Science Institute http://www.stsci.edu/~kimball/ 3700 San Martin Drive http://archive.stsci.edu/ Baltimore MD 21218 USA http://faxafloi.stsci.edu:4547/ */ #ifdef HAVE_NET_SERVICES #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifdef CFITSIO_HAVE_CURL #include #endif #if defined(unix) || defined(__unix__) || defined(__unix) || defined(HAVE_UNISTD_H) #include #endif #include #include #include "fitsio2.h" static jmp_buf env; /* holds the jump buffer for setjmp/longjmp pairs */ static void signal_handler(int sig); /* Network routine error codes */ #define NET_OK 0 #define NOT_INET_ADDRESS -1000 #define UNKNOWN_INET_HOST -1001 #define CONNECTION_ERROR -1002 /* Network routine constants */ #define NET_DEFAULT 0 #define NET_OOB 1 #define NET_PEEK 2 /* local defines and variables */ #define MAXLEN 1200 #define SHORTLEN 100 static char netoutfile[MAXLEN]; #define ROOTD_USER 2000 /*user id follows */ #define ROOTD_PASS 2001 /*passwd follows */ #define ROOTD_AUTH 2002 /*authorization status (to client) */ #define ROOTD_FSTAT 2003 /*filename follows */ #define ROOTD_OPEN 2004 /*filename follows + mode */ #define ROOTD_PUT 2005 /*offset, number of bytes and buffer */ #define ROOTD_GET 2006 /*offset, number of bytes */ #define ROOTD_FLUSH 2007 /*flush file */ #define ROOTD_CLOSE 2008 /*close file */ #define ROOTD_STAT 2009 /*return rootd statistics */ #define ROOTD_ACK 2010 /*acknowledgement (all OK) */ #define ROOTD_ERR 2011 /*error code and message follow */ typedef struct /* structure containing disk file structure */ { int sock; LONGLONG currentpos; } rootdriver; typedef struct /* simple mem struct for receiving files from curl */ { char *memory; size_t size; } curlmembuf; static rootdriver handleTable[NMAXFILES]; /* allocate diskfile handle tables */ /* static prototypes */ static int NET_TcpConnect(char *hostname, int port); static int NET_SendRaw(int sock, const void *buf, int length, int opt); static int NET_RecvRaw(int sock, void *buffer, int length); static int NET_ParseUrl(const char *url, char *proto, char *host, int *port, char *fn); static int CreateSocketAddress(struct sockaddr_in *sockaddrPtr, char *host,int port); static int ftp_status(FILE *ftp, char *statusstr); static int http_open_network(char *url, FILE **httpfile, char *contentencoding, char *contenttype, int *contentlength); static int https_open_network(char *filename, curlmembuf* buffer); static int ftp_open_network(char *url, FILE **ftpfile, FILE **command, int *sock); static int ftps_open_network(char *filename, curlmembuf* buffer); static int ftp_file_exist(char *url); static int root_send_buffer(int sock, int op, char *buffer, int buflen); static int root_recv_buffer(int sock, int *op, char *buffer,int buflen); static int root_openfile(char *filename, char *rwmode, int *sock); static int encode64(unsigned s_len, char *src, unsigned d_len, char *dst); static int ssl_get_with_curl(char *url, curlmembuf* buffer, char* username, char* password); static size_t curlToMemCallback(void *buffer, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userp); static int curlProgressCallback(void *clientp, double dltotal, double dlnow, double ultotal, double ulnow); /***************************/ /* Static variables */ static int closehttpfile; static int closememfile; static int closefdiskfile; static int closediskfile; static int closefile; static int closeoutfile; static int closecommandfile; static int closeftpfile; static FILE *diskfile; static FILE *outfile; static int curl_verbose=0; static int show_fits_download_progress=0; static unsigned int net_timeout = 360; /* in seconds */ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* This creates a memory file handle with a copy of the URL in filename. The file is uncompressed if necessary */ int http_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *handle) { FILE *httpfile; char contentencoding[SHORTLEN], contenttype[SHORTLEN]; char errorstr[MAXLEN]; char recbuf[MAXLEN]; long len; int contentlength; int status; char firstchar; closehttpfile = 0; closememfile = 0; /* don't do r/w files */ if (rwmode != 0) { ffpmsg("Can't open http:// type file with READWRITE access"); ffpmsg(" Specify an outfile for r/w access (http_open)"); goto error; } /* do the signal handler bits */ if (setjmp(env) != 0) { /* feels like the second time */ /* this means something bad happened */ ffpmsg("Timeout (http_open)"); snprintf(errorstr, MAXLEN, "Download timeout exceeded: %d seconds",net_timeout); ffpmsg(errorstr); ffpmsg(" (multiplied x10 for files requiring uncompression)"); ffpmsg(" Timeout may be adjusted with fits_set_timeout"); goto error; } (void) signal(SIGALRM, signal_handler); /* Open the network connection */ if (http_open_network(filename,&httpfile, contentencoding, contenttype, &contentlength)) { alarm(0); ffpmsg("Unable to open http file (http_open):"); ffpmsg(filename); goto error; } closehttpfile++; /* Create the memory file */ if ((status = mem_create(filename,handle))) { ffpmsg("Unable to create memory file (http_open)"); goto error; } closememfile++; /* Now, what do we do with the file */ /* Check to see what the first character is */ firstchar = fgetc(httpfile); ungetc(firstchar,httpfile); if (!strcmp(contentencoding,"x-gzip") || !strcmp(contentencoding,"x-compress") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/x-gzip") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/gzip") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/gzip-compressed") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/gzipped") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/x-compress") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/x-compressed") || strstr(filename,".gz") || strstr(filename,".Z") || ('\037' == firstchar)) { /* do the compress dance, which is the same as the gzip dance */ /* Using the cfitsio routine */ status = 0; /* Ok, this is a tough case, let's be arbritary and say 10*net_timeout, Given the choices for nettimeout above they'll probaby ^C before, but it's always worth a shot*/ alarm(net_timeout*10); status = mem_uncompress2mem(filename, httpfile, *handle); alarm(0); if (status) { ffpmsg("Error writing compressed memory file (http_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); goto error; } } else { /* It's not compressed, bad choice, but we'll copy it anyway */ if (contentlength % 2880) { snprintf(errorstr,MAXLEN,"Content-Length not a multiple of 2880 (http_open) %d", contentlength); ffpmsg(errorstr); } /* write a memory file */ alarm(net_timeout); while(0 != (len = fread(recbuf,1,MAXLEN,httpfile))) { alarm(0); /* cancel alarm */ status = mem_write(*handle,recbuf,len); if (status) { ffpmsg("Error copying http file into memory (http_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); goto error; } alarm(net_timeout); /* rearm the alarm */ } } fclose(httpfile); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); alarm(0); return mem_seek(*handle,0); error: alarm(0); /* clear it */ if (closehttpfile) { fclose(httpfile); } if (closememfile) { mem_close_free(*handle); } signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* This creates a memory file handle with a copy of the URL in filename. The file must be compressed and is copied (still compressed) to disk first. The compressed disk file is then uncompressed into memory (READONLY). */ int http_compress_open(char *url, int rwmode, int *handle) { FILE *httpfile; char contentencoding[SHORTLEN], contenttype[SHORTLEN]; char errorstr[MAXLEN]; char recbuf[MAXLEN]; long len; int contentlength; int ii, flen, status; char firstchar; closehttpfile = 0; closediskfile = 0; closefdiskfile = 0; closememfile = 0; flen = strlen(netoutfile); if (!flen) { /* cfileio made a mistake, should set the netoufile first otherwise we don't know where to write the output file */ ffpmsg ("Output file not set, shouldn't have happened (http_compress_open)"); goto error; } if (rwmode != 0) { ffpmsg("Can't open compressed http:// type file with READWRITE access"); ffpmsg(" Specify an UNCOMPRESSED outfile (http_compress_open)"); goto error; } /* do the signal handler bits */ if (setjmp(env) != 0) { /* feels like the second time */ /* this means something bad happened */ ffpmsg("Timeout (http_open)"); snprintf(errorstr, MAXLEN, "Download timeout exceeded: %d seconds",net_timeout); ffpmsg(errorstr); ffpmsg(" Timeout may be adjusted with fits_set_timeout"); goto error; } signal(SIGALRM, signal_handler); /* Open the http connectin */ alarm(net_timeout); if ((status = http_open_network(url,&httpfile, contentencoding, contenttype, &contentlength))) { alarm(0); ffpmsg("Unable to open http file (http_compress_open)"); ffpmsg(url); goto error; } closehttpfile++; /* Better be compressed */ firstchar = fgetc(httpfile); ungetc(firstchar,httpfile); if (!strcmp(contentencoding,"x-gzip") || !strcmp(contentencoding,"x-compress") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/x-gzip") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/gzip") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/gzip-compressed") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/gzipped") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/x-compress") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/x-compressed") || ('\037' == firstchar)) { if (*netoutfile == '!') { /* user wants to clobber file, if it already exists */ for (ii = 0; ii < flen; ii++) netoutfile[ii] = netoutfile[ii + 1]; /* remove '!' */ status = file_remove(netoutfile); } /* Create the new file */ if ((status = file_create(netoutfile,handle))) { ffpmsg("Unable to create output disk file (http_compress_open):"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } closediskfile++; /* write a file */ alarm(net_timeout); while(0 != (len = fread(recbuf,1,MAXLEN,httpfile))) { alarm(0); status = file_write(*handle,recbuf,len); if (status) { ffpmsg("Error writing disk file (http_compres_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } alarm(net_timeout); } file_close(*handle); fclose(httpfile); closehttpfile--; closediskfile--; /* File is on disk, let's uncompress it into memory */ if (NULL == (diskfile = fopen(netoutfile,"r"))) { ffpmsg("Unable to reopen disk file (http_compress_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } closefdiskfile++; /* Create the memory handle to hold it */ if ((status = mem_create(url,handle))) { ffpmsg("Unable to create memory file (http_compress_open)"); goto error; } closememfile++; /* Uncompress it */ status = 0; status = mem_uncompress2mem(url,diskfile,*handle); fclose(diskfile); closefdiskfile--; if (status) { ffpmsg("Error uncompressing disk file to memory (http_compress_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } } else { /* Opps, this should not have happened */ ffpmsg("Can only have compressed files here (http_compress_open)"); goto error; } signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); alarm(0); return mem_seek(*handle,0); error: alarm(0); /* clear it */ if (closehttpfile) { fclose(httpfile); } if (closefdiskfile) { fclose(diskfile); } if (closememfile) { mem_close_free(*handle); } if (closediskfile) { file_close(*handle); } signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* This creates a file handle with a copy of the URL in filename. The http file is copied to disk first. If it's compressed then it is uncompressed when copying to the disk */ int http_file_open(char *url, int rwmode, int *handle) { FILE *httpfile; char contentencoding[SHORTLEN], contenttype[SHORTLEN]; char errorstr[MAXLEN]; char recbuf[MAXLEN]; long len; int contentlength; int ii, flen, status; char firstchar; /* Check if output file is actually a memory file */ if (!strncmp(netoutfile, "mem:", 4) ) { /* allow the memory file to be opened with write access */ return( http_open(url, READONLY, handle) ); } closehttpfile = 0; closefile = 0; closeoutfile = 0; flen = strlen(netoutfile); if (!flen) { /* cfileio made a mistake, we need to know where to write the file */ ffpmsg("Output file not set, shouldn't have happened (http_file_open)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* do the signal handler bits */ if (setjmp(env) != 0) { /* feels like the second time */ /* this means something bad happened */ ffpmsg("Timeout (http_open)"); snprintf(errorstr, MAXLEN, "Download timeout exceeded: %d seconds",net_timeout); ffpmsg(errorstr); ffpmsg(" (multiplied x10 for files requiring uncompression)"); ffpmsg(" Timeout may be adjusted with fits_set_timeout"); goto error; } signal(SIGALRM, signal_handler); /* Open the network connection */ alarm(net_timeout); if ((status = http_open_network(url,&httpfile, contentencoding, contenttype, &contentlength))) { alarm(0); ffpmsg("Unable to open http file (http_file_open)"); ffpmsg(url); goto error; } closehttpfile++; if (*netoutfile == '!') { /* user wants to clobber disk file, if it already exists */ for (ii = 0; ii < flen; ii++) netoutfile[ii] = netoutfile[ii + 1]; /* remove '!' */ status = file_remove(netoutfile); } firstchar = fgetc(httpfile); ungetc(firstchar,httpfile); if (!strcmp(contentencoding,"x-gzip") || !strcmp(contentencoding,"x-compress") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/x-gzip") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/gzip") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/gzip-compressed") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/gzipped") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/x-compress") || !strcmp(contenttype, "application/x-compressed") || ('\037' == firstchar)) { /* to make this more cfitsioish we use the file driver calls to create the disk file */ /* Create the output file */ if ((status = file_create(netoutfile,handle))) { ffpmsg("Unable to create output file (http_file_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } file_close(*handle); if (NULL == (outfile = fopen(netoutfile,"w"))) { ffpmsg("Unable to reopen the output file (http_file_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } closeoutfile++; status = 0; /* Ok, this is a tough case, let's be arbritary and say 10*net_timeout, Given the choices for nettimeout above they'll probaby ^C before, but it's always worth a shot*/ alarm(net_timeout*10); status = uncompress2file(url,httpfile,outfile,&status); alarm(0); if (status) { ffpmsg("Error uncompressing http file to disk file (http_file_open)"); ffpmsg(url); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } fclose(outfile); closeoutfile--; } else { /* Create the output file */ if ((status = file_create(netoutfile,handle))) { ffpmsg("Unable to create output file (http_file_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } /* Give a warning message. This could just be bad padding at the end so don't treat it like an error. */ closefile++; if (contentlength % 2880) { snprintf(errorstr, MAXLEN, "Content-Length not a multiple of 2880 (http_file_open) %d", contentlength); ffpmsg(errorstr); } /* write a file */ alarm(net_timeout); while(0 != (len = fread(recbuf,1,MAXLEN,httpfile))) { alarm(0); status = file_write(*handle,recbuf,len); if (status) { ffpmsg("Error copying http file to disk file (http_file_open)"); ffpmsg(url); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } } file_close(*handle); closefile--; } fclose(httpfile); closehttpfile--; signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); alarm(0); return file_open(netoutfile,rwmode,handle); error: alarm(0); /* clear it */ if (closehttpfile) { fclose(httpfile); } if (closeoutfile) { fclose(outfile); } if (closefile) { file_close(*handle); } signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* This is the guts of the code to get a file via http. url is the input url httpfile is set to be the file connected to the socket which you can read the file from contentencoding is the mime type of the file, returned if the http server returns it contentlength is the length of the file, returned if the http server returns it */ static int http_open_network(char *url, FILE **httpfile, char *contentencoding, char *contenttype, int *contentlength) { int status; int sock; int tmpint; char recbuf[MAXLEN]; char tmpstr[MAXLEN]; char tmpstr1[SHORTLEN]; char tmpstr2[MAXLEN]; char errorstr[MAXLEN]; char proto[SHORTLEN]; char host[SHORTLEN]; char userpass[MAXLEN]; char fn[MAXLEN]; char turl[MAXLEN]; char *scratchstr; char *scratchstr2; char *saveptr; int port; float version; char pproto[SHORTLEN]; char phost[SHORTLEN]; /* address of the proxy server */ int pport; /* port number of the proxy server */ char pfn[MAXLEN]; char *proxy; /* URL of the proxy server */ /* Parse the URL apart again */ strcpy(turl,"http://"); strncat(turl,url,MAXLEN - 8); if (NET_ParseUrl(turl,proto,host,&port,fn)) { snprintf(errorstr,MAXLEN,"URL Parse Error (http_open) %s",url); ffpmsg(errorstr); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* Do we have a user:password combo ? */ strcpy(userpass, url); if ((scratchstr = strchr(userpass, '@')) != NULL) { *scratchstr = '\0'; } else { strcpy(userpass, ""); } /* Ph. Prugniel 2003/04/03 Are we using a proxy? We use a proxy if the environment variable "http_proxy" is set to an address, eg. http://wwwcache.nottingham.ac.uk:3128 ("http_proxy" is also used by wget) */ proxy = getenv("http_proxy"); /* Connect to the remote host */ if (proxy) { if (NET_ParseUrl(proxy,pproto,phost,&pport,pfn)) { snprintf(errorstr,MAXLEN,"URL Parse Error (http_open) %s",proxy); ffpmsg(errorstr); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } sock = NET_TcpConnect(phost,pport); } else { sock = NET_TcpConnect(host,port); } if (sock < 0) { if (proxy) { ffpmsg("Couldn't connect to host via proxy server (http_open_network)"); ffpmsg(proxy); } return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* Make the socket a stdio file */ if (NULL == (*httpfile = fdopen(sock,"r"))) { ffpmsg ("fdopen failed to convert socket to file (http_open_network)"); close(sock); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* Send the GET request to the remote server */ /* Ph. Prugniel 2003/04/03 One must add the Host: command because of HTTP 1.1 servers (ie. virtual hosts) */ if (proxy) { snprintf(tmpstr,MAXLEN,"GET http://%s:%-d%s HTTP/1.0\r\n",host,port,fn); } else { snprintf(tmpstr,MAXLEN,"GET %s HTTP/1.0\r\n",fn); } if (strcmp(userpass, "")) { encode64(strlen(userpass), userpass, MAXLEN, tmpstr2); snprintf(tmpstr1, SHORTLEN,"Authorization: Basic %s\r\n", tmpstr2); if (strlen(tmpstr) + strlen(tmpstr1) > MAXLEN - 1) { fclose(*httpfile); *httpfile=0; return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcat(tmpstr,tmpstr1); } /* snprintf(tmpstr1,SHORTLEN,"User-Agent: HEASARC/CFITSIO/%-8.4f\r\n",ffvers(&version)); */ /* snprintf(tmpstr1,SHORTLEN,"User-Agent: CFITSIO/HEASARC/%-8.4f\r\n",ffvers(&version)); */ snprintf(tmpstr1,SHORTLEN,"User-Agent: FITSIO/HEASARC/%-8.4f\r\n",ffvers(&version)); if (strlen(tmpstr) + strlen(tmpstr1) > MAXLEN - 1) { fclose(*httpfile); *httpfile=0; return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcat(tmpstr,tmpstr1); /* HTTP 1.1 servers require the following 'Host: ' string */ snprintf(tmpstr1,SHORTLEN,"Host: %s:%-d\r\n\r\n",host,port); if (strlen(tmpstr) + strlen(tmpstr1) > MAXLEN - 1) { fclose(*httpfile); *httpfile=0; return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcat(tmpstr,tmpstr1); status = NET_SendRaw(sock,tmpstr,strlen(tmpstr),NET_DEFAULT); /* read the header */ if (!(fgets(recbuf,MAXLEN,*httpfile))) { snprintf (errorstr,MAXLEN,"http header short (http_open_network) %s",recbuf); ffpmsg(errorstr); fclose(*httpfile); *httpfile=0; return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } *contentlength = 0; contentencoding[0] = '\0'; contenttype[0] = '\0'; /* Our choices are 200, ok, 302, temporary redirect, or 301 perm redirect */ sscanf(recbuf,"%s %d",tmpstr,&status); if (status != 200){ if (status == 301 || status == 302) { /* got a redirect */ /* if (status == 302) { ffpmsg("Note: Web server replied with a temporary redirect from"); } else { ffpmsg("Note: Web server replied with a redirect from"); } ffpmsg(turl); */ /* now, let's not write the most sophisticated parser here */ while (fgets(recbuf,MAXLEN,*httpfile)) { scratchstr = strstr(recbuf,"Location: "); if (scratchstr != NULL) { /* Ok, we found the Location line which gives the redirected URL */ /* skip the "Location: " charactrers */ scratchstr += 10; /* strip off any end-of-line characters */ tmpint = strlen(scratchstr); if (scratchstr[tmpint-1] == '\r') scratchstr[tmpint-1] = '\0'; tmpint = strlen(scratchstr); if (scratchstr[tmpint-1] == '\n') scratchstr[tmpint-1] = '\0'; tmpint = strlen(scratchstr); if (scratchstr[tmpint-1] == '\r') scratchstr[tmpint-1] = '\0'; /* ffpmsg("to:"); ffpmsg(scratchstr); ffpmsg(" "); */ scratchstr2 = strstr(scratchstr,"http://"); if (scratchstr2 != NULL) { /* Ok, we found the HTTP redirection is to another HTTP URL. */ /* We can handle this case directly, here */ /* skip the "http://" characters */ scratchstr2 += 7; strcpy(turl, scratchstr2); fclose (*httpfile); *httpfile=0; /* note the recursive call to itself */ return http_open_network(turl,httpfile, contentencoding, contenttype, contentlength); } /* It was not a HTTP to HTTP redirection, so see if it HTTP to FTP */ scratchstr2 = strstr(scratchstr,"ftp://"); if (scratchstr2 != NULL) { /* Ok, we found the HTTP redirection is to a FTP URL. */ /* skip the "ftp://" characters */ scratchstr2 += 6; /* return the new URL string, and set contentencoding to "ftp" as a flag to the http_checkfile routine */ if (strlen(scratchstr2) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("Error: redirected url string too long (http_open_network)"); fclose(*httpfile); *httpfile=0; return URL_PARSE_ERROR; } strcpy(url, scratchstr2); strcpy(contentencoding,"ftp://"); fclose (*httpfile); *httpfile=0; return 0; } /* Now check for HTTP to HTTPS redirection. */ scratchstr2 = strstr(scratchstr,"https://"); if (scratchstr2 != NULL) { /* skip the "https://" characters */ scratchstr2 += 8; /* return the new URL string, and set contentencoding to "https" as a flag to the http_checkfile routine */ if (strlen(scratchstr2) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { ffpmsg("Error: redirected url string too long (http_open_network)"); fclose(*httpfile); return URL_PARSE_ERROR; } strcpy(url, scratchstr2); strcpy(contentencoding,"https://"); fclose(*httpfile); *httpfile=0; return 0; } } } /* if we get here then we couldnt' decide the redirect */ ffpmsg("but we were unable to find the redirected url in the servers response"); } /* error. could not open the http file */ fclose(*httpfile); *httpfile=0; return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* from here the first word holds the keyword we want */ /* so, read the rest of the header */ while (fgets(recbuf,MAXLEN,*httpfile)) { /* Blank line ends the header */ if (*recbuf == '\r') break; if (strlen(recbuf) > 3) { recbuf[strlen(recbuf)-1] = '\0'; recbuf[strlen(recbuf)-1] = '\0'; } sscanf(recbuf,"%s %d",tmpstr,&tmpint); /* Did we get a content-length header ? */ if (!strcmp(tmpstr,"Content-Length:")) { *contentlength = tmpint; } /* Did we get the content-encoding header ? */ if (!strcmp(tmpstr,"Content-Encoding:")) { if (NULL != (scratchstr = strstr(recbuf,":"))) { /* Found the : */ scratchstr++; /* skip the : */ scratchstr++; /* skip the extra space */ if (strlen(scratchstr) > SHORTLEN-1) { ffpmsg("Error: content-encoding string too long (http_open_network)"); fclose(*httpfile); *httpfile=0; return URL_PARSE_ERROR; } strcpy(contentencoding,scratchstr); } } /* Did we get the content-type header ? */ if (!strcmp(tmpstr,"Content-Type:")) { if (NULL != (scratchstr = strstr(recbuf,":"))) { /* Found the : */ scratchstr++; /* skip the : */ scratchstr++; /* skip the extra space */ if (strlen(scratchstr) > SHORTLEN-1) { ffpmsg("Error: content-type string too long (http_open_network)"); fclose(*httpfile); *httpfile=0; return URL_PARSE_ERROR; } strcpy(contenttype,scratchstr); } } } /* we're done, so return */ return 0; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* This creates a memory file handle with a copy of the URL in filename. The curl library called from https_open_network will perform file uncompression if necessary. */ int https_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *handle) { curlmembuf inmem; char errStr[MAXLEN]; int status=0; /* don't do r/w files */ if (rwmode != 0) { ffpmsg("Can't open https:// type file with READWRITE access"); ffpmsg(" Specify an outfile for r/w access (https_open)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } inmem.memory=0; inmem.size=0; if (setjmp(env) != 0) { alarm(0); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); ffpmsg("Timeout (https_open)"); snprintf(errStr, MAXLEN, "Download timeout exceeded: %d seconds",net_timeout); ffpmsg(errStr); ffpmsg(" Timeout may be adjusted with fits_set_timeout"); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } signal(SIGALRM, signal_handler); alarm(net_timeout); if (https_open_network(filename, &inmem)) { alarm(0); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); ffpmsg("Unable to read https file into memory (https_open)"); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } alarm(0); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); /* We now have the file transfered from the https server into the inmem.memory buffer. Now transfer that into a FITS memory file. */ if ((status = mem_create(filename, handle))) { ffpmsg("Unable to create memory file (https_open)"); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* Check for gzip magic number */ if (inmem.size >= 2 && (unsigned char) inmem.memory[0] == 0x1f && (unsigned char) inmem.memory[1] == 0x8b) { LONGLONG fitsfilesize = 0; /* Uncompress from memory to memfile */ status = mem_zuncompress_and_write(*handle, inmem.memory, inmem.size); mem_size(*handle, &fitsfilesize); if ((fitsfilesize > 0) && (fitsfilesize % 2880)) { snprintf(errStr,MAXLEN,"Uncompressed file length not a multiple of 2880 (https_open) %lld", fitsfilesize); ffpmsg(errStr); } } else { if (inmem.size % 2880) { snprintf(errStr,MAXLEN,"Content-Length not a multiple of 2880 (https_open) %zu", inmem.size); ffpmsg(errStr); } /* Straight copy of data */ status = mem_write(*handle, inmem.memory, inmem.size); } if (status) { ffpmsg("Error copying https file into memory (https_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); free(inmem.memory); mem_close_free(*handle); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } free(inmem.memory); return mem_seek(*handle, 0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int https_file_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *handle) { int ii, flen; char errStr[MAXLEN]; curlmembuf inmem; /* Check if output file is actually a memory file */ if (!strncmp(netoutfile, "mem:", 4) ) { /* allow the memory file to be opened with write access */ return( https_open(filename, READONLY, handle) ); } flen = strlen(netoutfile); if (!flen) { /* cfileio made a mistake, we need to know where to write the file */ ffpmsg("Output file not set, shouldn't have happened (https_file_open)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } inmem.memory=0; inmem.size=0; if (setjmp(env) != 0) { alarm(0); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); ffpmsg("Timeout (https_file_open)"); snprintf(errStr, MAXLEN, "Download timeout exceeded: %d seconds",net_timeout); ffpmsg(errStr); ffpmsg(" Timeout may be adjusted with fits_set_timeout"); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } signal(SIGALRM, signal_handler); alarm(net_timeout); if (https_open_network(filename, &inmem)) { alarm(0); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); ffpmsg("Unable to read https file into memory (https_file_open)"); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } alarm(0); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); if (*netoutfile == '!') { /* user wants to clobber disk file, if it already exists */ for (ii = 0; ii < flen; ii++) netoutfile[ii] = netoutfile[ii + 1]; /* remove '!' */ file_remove(netoutfile); } /* Create the output file */ if (file_create(netoutfile,handle)) { ffpmsg("Unable to create output file (https_file_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } if (inmem.size % 2880) { snprintf(errStr, MAXLEN, "Content-Length not a multiple of 2880 (https_file_open) %zu", inmem.size); ffpmsg(errStr); } if (file_write(*handle, inmem.memory, inmem.size)) { ffpmsg("Error copying https file to disk file (https_file_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); ffpmsg(netoutfile); free(inmem.memory); file_close(*handle); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } free(inmem.memory); file_close(*handle); return file_open(netoutfile, rwmode, handle); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Callback function curl library uses during https connection to transfer server file into memory */ size_t curlToMemCallback(void *buffer, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userp) { curlmembuf* inmem = (curlmembuf* )userp; size_t transferSize = size*nmemb; if (!inmem->size) { /* First time through - initialize with malloc */ inmem->memory = (char *)malloc(transferSize); } else inmem->memory = realloc(inmem->memory, inmem->size+transferSize); if (inmem->memory == NULL) { ffpmsg("realloc error - not enough memory (curlToMemCallback)\n"); return 0; } memcpy(&(inmem->memory[inmem->size]), buffer, transferSize); inmem->size += transferSize; return transferSize; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Callback function for displaying status bar during download */ int curlProgressCallback(void *clientp, double dltotal, double dlnow, double ultotal, double ulnow) { int i, fullBar = 50, nToDisplay = 0; int percent = 0; double fracCompleted = 0.0; char *urlname=0; static int isComplete = 0; static int isFirst = 1; /* isFirst is true the very first time this is entered. Afterwards it should get reset to true when isComplete is first detected to have toggled from true to false. */ if (dltotal == 0.0) { if (isComplete) isFirst = 1; isComplete = 0; return 0; } fracCompleted = dlnow/dltotal; percent = (int)ceil(fracCompleted*100.0 - 0.5); if (isComplete && percent < 100) isFirst = 1; if (!isComplete || percent < 100) { if (isFirst) { urlname = (char *)clientp; if (urlname) { fprintf(stderr,"Downloading "); fprintf(stderr,"%s",urlname); fprintf(stderr,"...\n"); } isFirst = 0; } isComplete = (percent >= 100) ? 1 : 0; nToDisplay = (int)ceil(fracCompleted*fullBar - 0.5); /* Can dlnow ever be > dltotal? Just in case... */ if (nToDisplay > fullBar) nToDisplay = fullBar; fprintf(stderr,"%3d%% [",percent); for (i=0; i 0) net_timeout = (unsigned int)sec; return (int)net_timeout; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ftps_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *handle) { curlmembuf inmem; char errStr[MAXLEN]; char localFilename[MAXLEN]; /* may have .gz or .Z appended in ftps_open_network.*/ unsigned char firstByte=0,secondByte=0; int status=0; FILE *compressedFile=0; strcpy(localFilename,filename); /* don't do r/w files */ if (rwmode != 0) { ffpmsg("Can't open ftps:// type file with READWRITE access"); ffpmsg(" Specify an outfile for r/w access (ftps_open)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } inmem.memory=0; inmem.size=0; if (setjmp(env) != 0) { alarm(0); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); ffpmsg("Timeout (ftps_open)"); snprintf(errStr, MAXLEN, "Download timeout exceeded: %d seconds",net_timeout); ffpmsg(errStr); ffpmsg(" Timeout may be adjusted with fits_set_timeout"); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } signal(SIGALRM, signal_handler); alarm(net_timeout); if (ftps_open_network(localFilename, &inmem)) { alarm(0); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); ffpmsg("Unable to read ftps file into memory (ftps_open)"); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } alarm(0); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); if (strcmp(localFilename, filename)) { /* ftps_open_network has already checked that this is safe to copy into string of size FLEN_FILENAME */ strcpy(filename, localFilename); } /* We now have the file transfered from the ftps server into the inmem.memory buffer. Now transfer that into a FITS memory file. */ if ((status = mem_create(filename, handle))) { ffpmsg("Unable to create memory file (ftps_open)"); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } if (inmem.size > 1) { firstByte = (unsigned char)inmem.memory[0]; secondByte = (unsigned char)inmem.memory[1]; } if (firstByte == 0x1f && secondByte == 0x8b || strstr(localFilename,".Z")) { #ifdef HAVE_FMEMOPEN compressedFile = fmemopen(inmem.memory, inmem.size, "r"); #endif if (!compressedFile) { ffpmsg("Error creating file in memory (ftps_open)"); free(inmem.memory); return(FILE_NOT_OPENED); } if(mem_uncompress2mem(localFilename,compressedFile,*handle)) { ffpmsg("Error writing compressed memory file (ftps_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); fclose(compressedFile); free(inmem.memory); return(FILE_NOT_OPENED); } fclose(compressedFile); } else { if (inmem.size % 2880) { snprintf(errStr,MAXLEN,"Content-Length not a multiple of 2880 (ftps_open) %zu", inmem.size); ffpmsg(errStr); } status = mem_write(*handle, inmem.memory, inmem.size); if (status) { ffpmsg("Error copying https file into memory (ftps_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); free(inmem.memory); mem_close_free(*handle); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } } free(inmem.memory); return mem_seek(*handle, 0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ftps_file_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *handle) { int ii, flen, status=0; char errStr[MAXLEN]; char localFilename[MAXLEN]; /* may have .gz or .Z appended */ unsigned char firstByte=0,secondByte=0; curlmembuf inmem; FILE *compressedInFile=0; strcpy(localFilename, filename); /* Check if output file is actually a memory file */ if (!strncmp(netoutfile, "mem:", 4) ) { /* allow the memory file to be opened with write access */ return( ftps_open(filename, READONLY, handle) ); } flen = strlen(netoutfile); if (!flen) { /* cfileio made a mistake, we need to know where to write the file */ ffpmsg("Output file not set, shouldn't have happened (ftps_file_open)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } inmem.memory=0; inmem.size=0; if (setjmp(env) != 0) { alarm(0); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); ffpmsg("Timeout (ftps_file_open)"); snprintf(errStr, MAXLEN, "Download timeout exceeded: %d seconds",net_timeout); ffpmsg(errStr); ffpmsg(" Timeout may be adjusted with fits_set_timeout"); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } signal(SIGALRM, signal_handler); alarm(net_timeout); if (ftps_open_network(localFilename, &inmem)) { alarm(0); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); ffpmsg("Unable to read ftps file into memory (ftps_file_open)"); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } alarm(0); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); if (strstr(localFilename, ".Z")) { ffpmsg(".Z decompression not supported for file output (ftps_file_open)"); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } if (strcmp(localFilename, filename)) { /* ftps_open_network has already checked that this is safe to copy into string of size FLEN_FILENAME */ strcpy(filename, localFilename); } if (*netoutfile == '!') { /* user wants to clobber disk file, if it already exists */ for (ii = 0; ii < flen; ii++) netoutfile[ii] = netoutfile[ii + 1]; /* remove '!' */ file_remove(netoutfile); } /* Create the output file */ if (file_create(netoutfile,handle)) { ffpmsg("Unable to create output file (ftps_file_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } if (inmem.size > 1) { firstByte = (unsigned char)inmem.memory[0]; secondByte = (unsigned char)inmem.memory[1]; } if (firstByte == 0x1f && secondByte == 0x8b) { /* Doing a file create/close/reopen to mimic the procedure in ftp_file_open. The earlier call to file_create ensures that checking is performed for the Hera case. */ file_close(*handle); /* Reopen with direct call to fopen to set the outfile pointer */ outfile = fopen(netoutfile,"w"); if (!outfile) { ffpmsg("Unable to reopen the output file (ftps_file_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); free(inmem.memory); return(FILE_NOT_OPENED); } #ifdef HAVE_FMEMOPEN compressedInFile = fmemopen(inmem.memory, inmem.size, "r"); #endif if (!compressedInFile) { ffpmsg("Error creating compressed file in memory (ftps_file_open)"); free(inmem.memory); fclose(outfile); return(FILE_NOT_OPENED); } if (uncompress2file(filename, compressedInFile, outfile, &status)) { ffpmsg("Unable to uncompress the output file (ftps_file_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); ffpmsg(netoutfile); fclose(outfile); fclose(compressedInFile); free(inmem.memory); return(FILE_NOT_OPENED); } fclose(outfile); fclose(compressedInFile); } else { if (inmem.size % 2880) { snprintf(errStr, MAXLEN, "Content-Length not a multiple of 2880 (ftps_file_open) %zu", inmem.size); ffpmsg(errStr); } if (file_write(*handle, inmem.memory, inmem.size)) { ffpmsg("Error copying ftps file to disk file (ftps_file_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); ffpmsg(netoutfile); free(inmem.memory); file_close(*handle); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } file_close(*handle); } free(inmem.memory); return file_open(netoutfile, rwmode, handle); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ftps_compress_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *handle) { int ii, flen, status=0; char errStr[MAXLEN]; char localFilename[MAXLEN]; /* may have .gz or .Z appended */ unsigned char firstByte=0,secondByte=0; curlmembuf inmem; FILE *compressedInFile=0; /* don't do r/w files */ if (rwmode != 0) { ffpmsg("Compressed files must be r/o"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcpy(localFilename, filename); flen = strlen(netoutfile); if (!flen) { /* cfileio made a mistake, we need to know where to write the file */ ffpmsg("Output file not set, shouldn't have happened (ftps_compress_open)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } inmem.memory=0; inmem.size=0; if (setjmp(env) != 0) { alarm(0); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); ffpmsg("Timeout (ftps_compress_open)"); snprintf(errStr, MAXLEN, "Download timeout exceeded: %d seconds",net_timeout); ffpmsg(errStr); ffpmsg(" Timeout may be adjusted with fits_set_timeout"); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } signal(SIGALRM, signal_handler); alarm(net_timeout); if (ftps_open_network(localFilename, &inmem)) { alarm(0); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); ffpmsg("Unable to read ftps file into memory (ftps_compress_open)"); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } alarm(0); signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); if (strcmp(localFilename, filename)) { /* ftps_open_network has already checked that this is safe to copy into string of size FLEN_FILENAME */ strcpy(filename, localFilename); } if (inmem.size > 1) { firstByte = (unsigned char)inmem.memory[0]; secondByte = (unsigned char)inmem.memory[1]; } if ((firstByte == 0x1f && secondByte == 0x8b) || strstr(localFilename,".gz") || strstr(localFilename,".Z")) { if (*netoutfile == '!') { /* user wants to clobber disk file, if it already exists */ for (ii = 0; ii < flen; ii++) netoutfile[ii] = netoutfile[ii + 1]; /* remove '!' */ file_remove(netoutfile); } /* Create the output file */ if (file_create(netoutfile,handle)) { ffpmsg("Unable to create output file (ftps_compress_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } if (file_write(*handle, inmem.memory, inmem.size)) { ffpmsg("Error copying ftps file to disk file (ftps_file_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); ffpmsg(netoutfile); free(inmem.memory); file_close(*handle); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } file_close(*handle); /* File is on disk, let's uncompress it into memory */ if (NULL == (diskfile = fopen(netoutfile,"r"))) { ffpmsg("Unable to reopen disk file (ftps_compress_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } if ((status = mem_create(localFilename,handle))) { ffpmsg("Unable to create memory file (ftps_compress_open)"); ffpmsg(localFilename); free(inmem.memory); fclose(diskfile); diskfile=0; return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } status = mem_uncompress2mem(localFilename,diskfile,*handle); fclose(diskfile); diskfile=0; if (status) { ffpmsg("Error writing compressed memory file (ftps_compress_open)"); free(inmem.memory); mem_close_free(*handle); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } } else { ffpmsg("Cannot write uncompressed infile to compressed outfile (ftps_compress_open)"); free(inmem.memory); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } free(inmem.memory); return mem_seek(*handle,0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ftps_open_network(char *filename, curlmembuf* buffer) { char agentStr[SHORTLEN]; char url[MAXLEN]; char tmphost[SHORTLEN]; /* work array for separating user/pass/host names */ char *username=0; char *password=0; char *hostname=0; char *dirpath=0; char *strptr=0; float version=0.0; int iDirpath=0, len=0, origLen=0; int status=0; strcpy(url,"ftp://"); /* The filename may already contain a username and password, as indicated by a '@' within the host part of the name (which we'll define as the substring before the first '/'). If not, we'll set a default username:password */ len = strlen(filename); for (iDirpath=0; iDirpath SHORTLEN-1) { ffpmsg("Host name is too long in URL (ftps_open_network)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strncpy(tmphost, filename, iDirpath); dirpath = &filename[iDirpath]; tmphost[iDirpath]='\0'; /* There could be more than one '@' since they can also exist in the username or password. Find the right-most '@' and assume that it delimits the host name. */ hostname = strrchr(tmphost, '@'); if (hostname) { *hostname = '\0'; ++hostname; /* Assume first occurrence of ':' is indicative of password delimiter. */ password = strchr(tmphost, ':'); if (password) { *password = '\0'; ++password; } username = tmphost; } else hostname = tmphost; if (!username || strlen(username)==0) username = "anonymous"; if (!password || strlen(password)==0) { snprintf(agentStr,SHORTLEN,"User-Agent: FITSIO/HEASARC/%-8.4f",ffvers(&version)); password = agentStr; } /* url may eventually have .gz or .Z appended to it */ if (strlen(url) + strlen(hostname) + strlen(dirpath) > MAXLEN-4) { ffpmsg("Full URL name is too long (ftps_open_network)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcat(url, hostname); strcat(url, dirpath); /* printf("url = %s\n",url); printf("username = %s\n",username); printf("password = %s\n",password); printf("hostname = %s\n",hostname); */ origLen = strlen(url); status = ssl_get_with_curl(url, buffer, username, password); /* If original url has .gz or .Z appended, do the same to the original filename. Note that url also differs from original filename at this point, since filename may have included username@password (which url would not). */ len = strlen(url); if ((len-origLen) == 2 || (len-origLen) == 3) { if (strlen(filename) > FLEN_FILENAME - 4) { ffpmsg("Filename is too long to append compression ext (ftps_open_network)"); /* buffer memory must be freed by calling routine */ return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strptr = url + origLen; strcat(filename, strptr); } return status; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Function to perform common curl interfacing for https or ftps transfers */ int ssl_get_with_curl(char *url, curlmembuf* buffer, char* username, char* password) { /* These settings will force libcurl to perform host and peer authentication. If it fails, this routine will try again without authentication (unless user forbids this via CFITSIO_VERIFY_HTTPS environment variable). */ long verifyPeer = 1; long verifyHost = 2; char errStr[MAXLEN]; char agentStr[MAXLEN]; float version=0.0; char *tmpUrl=0; char *verify=0; int isFtp = (strstr(url,"ftp://") != NULL); int experimentWithCompression = (!strstr(url,".gz") && !strstr(url,".Z") && !strstr(url,"?")); int notFound=1; #ifdef CFITSIO_HAVE_CURL CURL *curl=0; CURLcode res; char curlErrBuf[CURL_ERROR_SIZE]; if (strstr(url,".Z") && !isFtp) { ffpmsg("x-compress .Z format not currently supported with curl https transfers"); return(FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* Will ASSUME curl_global_init has been called by this point. It is not thread-safe to call it here. */ curl = curl_easy_init(); res = curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, verifyPeer); if (res != CURLE_OK) { ffpmsg("ERROR: CFITSIO was built with a libcurl library that "); ffpmsg("does not have SSL support, and therefore can't perform https or ftps transfers."); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, verifyHost); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, (long)curl_verbose); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, curlToMemCallback); snprintf(agentStr,MAXLEN,"FITSIO/HEASARC/%-8.4f",ffvers(&version)); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_USERAGENT,agentStr); buffer->memory = 0; /* malloc/realloc will grow this in the callback function */ buffer->size = 0; curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, (void *)buffer); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_ERRORBUFFER, curlErrBuf); curlErrBuf[0]=0; /* This is needed for easy_perform to return an error whenever http server returns an error >= 400, ie. if it can't find the requested file. */ curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_FAILONERROR, 1L); /* This turns on automatic decompression for all recognized types. */ curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, ""); /* tmpUrl should be large enough to accomodate original url + ".gz" */ tmpUrl = (char *)malloc(strlen(url)+4); strcpy(tmpUrl, url); if (show_fits_download_progress) { curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_PROGRESSFUNCTION, curlProgressCallback); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_PROGRESSDATA, tmpUrl); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_NOPROGRESS, 0L); } else curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_NOPROGRESS, 1L); /* USESSL only necessary for ftps, though it may not hurt anything if it were also set for https. */ if (isFtp) { curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_USE_SSL, CURLUSESSL_ALL); if (username) curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_USERNAME, username); if (password) curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_PASSWORD, password); } /* Unless url already contains a .gz, .Z or '?' (probably from a cgi script), first try with .gz appended. */ if (experimentWithCompression) strcat(tmpUrl, ".gz"); /* First attempt: verification on */ curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, tmpUrl); res = curl_easy_perform(curl); if (res != CURLE_OK && res != CURLE_HTTP_RETURNED_ERROR && res != CURLE_REMOTE_FILE_NOT_FOUND) { /* CURLE_HTTP_RETURNED_ERROR is what gets returned if HTTP server returns an error code >= 400. CURLE_REMOTE_FILE_NOT_FOUND may be returned by an ftp server. If these are not causing this error, assume it is a verification issue. Try again with verification removed, unless user disallowed it via environment variable. */ verify = getenv("CFITSIO_VERIFY_HTTPS"); if (verify) { if (verify[0] == 'T' || verify[0] == 't') { snprintf(errStr,MAXLEN,"libcurl error: %d",res); ffpmsg(errStr); if (strlen(curlErrBuf)) ffpmsg(curlErrBuf); curl_easy_cleanup(curl); free(tmpUrl); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } } verifyPeer = 0; verifyHost = 0; curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, verifyPeer); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, verifyHost); /* Second attempt: no verification, .gz appended */ res = curl_easy_perform(curl); if (res != CURLE_OK) { if (isFtp && experimentWithCompression) { strcpy(tmpUrl, url); strcat(tmpUrl, ".Z"); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, tmpUrl); /* For ftps, make another attempt with .Z */ res = curl_easy_perform(curl); if (res == CURLE_OK) { /* Success, but should still warn */ fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Unable to perform SSL verification on https transfer from: %s\n", tmpUrl); notFound=0; } } /* If we've been appending .gz or .Z, try a final time without. */ if (experimentWithCompression && notFound) { strcpy(tmpUrl, url); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, tmpUrl); /* attempt with no verification, no .gz or .Z appended */ res = curl_easy_perform(curl); if (res != CURLE_OK) { snprintf(errStr,MAXLEN,"libcurl error: %d",res); ffpmsg(errStr); if (strlen(curlErrBuf)) ffpmsg(curlErrBuf); curl_easy_cleanup(curl); free(tmpUrl); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } else /* Success, but should still warn */ fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Unable to perform SSL verification on https transfer from: %s\n", tmpUrl); } else if (notFound) { snprintf(errStr,MAXLEN,"libcurl error: %d",res); ffpmsg(errStr); if (strlen(curlErrBuf)) ffpmsg(curlErrBuf); curl_easy_cleanup(curl); free(tmpUrl); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } } else /* Success, but still issue warning */ fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Unable to perform SSL verification on https transfer from: %s\n", tmpUrl); } else if (res == CURLE_HTTP_RETURNED_ERROR || res == CURLE_REMOTE_FILE_NOT_FOUND) { /* .gz extension failed and verification isn't the problem. No need to relax peer/host checking */ /* Unless url already contained a .gz, .Z or '?' (probably from a cgi script), try again with original url unappended (but first try .Z if this is ftps). */ if (experimentWithCompression) { if (isFtp) { strcpy(tmpUrl, url); strcat(tmpUrl, ".Z"); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, tmpUrl); res = curl_easy_perform(curl); if (res == CURLE_OK) notFound = 0; } if (notFound) { strcpy(tmpUrl, url); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, tmpUrl); res = curl_easy_perform(curl); if (res != CURLE_OK) { snprintf(errStr,MAXLEN,"libcurl error: %d",res); ffpmsg(errStr); if (strlen(curlErrBuf)) ffpmsg(curlErrBuf); curl_easy_cleanup(curl); free(tmpUrl); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } } } else { snprintf(errStr,MAXLEN,"libcurl error: %d",res); ffpmsg(errStr); if (strlen(curlErrBuf)) ffpmsg(curlErrBuf); curl_easy_cleanup(curl); free(tmpUrl); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } } /* If we made it here, assume tmpUrl was successful. Calling routines must make sure url can hold up to 3 extra chars */ strcpy(url, tmpUrl); free(tmpUrl); curl_easy_cleanup(curl); #else ffpmsg("ERROR: This CFITSIO build was not compiled with the libcurl library package "); ffpmsg("and therefore it cannot perform HTTPS or FTPS connections."); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); #endif return 0; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* This creates a memory file handle with a copy of the URL in filename. The file is uncompressed if necessary */ int ftp_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *handle) { FILE *ftpfile; FILE *command; int sock; char errorstr[MAXLEN]; char recbuf[MAXLEN]; long len; int status; char firstchar; closememfile = 0; closecommandfile = 0; closeftpfile = 0; /* don't do r/w files */ if (rwmode != 0) { ffpmsg("Can't open ftp:// type file with READWRITE access"); ffpmsg("Specify an outfile for r/w access (ftp_open)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* do the signal handler bits */ if (setjmp(env) != 0) { /* feels like the second time */ /* this means something bad happened */ ffpmsg("Timeout (ftp_open)"); snprintf(errorstr, MAXLEN, "Download timeout exceeded: %d seconds",net_timeout); ffpmsg(errorstr); ffpmsg(" (multiplied x10 for files requiring uncompression)"); ffpmsg(" Timeout may be adjusted with fits_set_timeout"); goto error; } signal(SIGALRM, signal_handler); /* Open the ftp connetion. ftpfile is connected to the file port, command is connected to port 21. sock is the socket on port 21 */ if (strlen(filename) > MAXLEN - 4) { ffpmsg("filename too long (ftp_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); goto error; } alarm(net_timeout); if (ftp_open_network(filename,&ftpfile,&command,&sock)) { alarm(0); ffpmsg("Unable to open following ftp file (ftp_open):"); ffpmsg(filename); goto error; } closeftpfile++; closecommandfile++; /* create the memory file */ if ((status = mem_create(filename,handle))) { ffpmsg ("Could not create memory file to passive port (ftp_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); goto error; } closememfile++; /* This isn't quite right, it'll fail if the file has .gzabc at the end for instance */ /* Decide if the file is compressed */ firstchar = fgetc(ftpfile); ungetc(firstchar,ftpfile); if (strstr(filename,".gz") || strstr(filename,".Z") || ('\037' == firstchar)) { status = 0; /* A bit arbritary really, the user will probably hit ^C */ alarm(net_timeout*10); status = mem_uncompress2mem(filename, ftpfile, *handle); alarm(0); if (status) { ffpmsg("Error writing compressed memory file (ftp_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); goto error; } } else { /* write a memory file */ alarm(net_timeout); while(0 != (len = fread(recbuf,1,MAXLEN,ftpfile))) { alarm(0); status = mem_write(*handle,recbuf,len); if (status) { ffpmsg("Error writing memory file (http_open)"); ffpmsg(filename); goto error; } alarm(net_timeout); } } /* close and clean up */ fclose(ftpfile); closeftpfile--; fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); closecommandfile--; signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); alarm(0); return mem_seek(*handle,0); error: alarm(0); /* clear it */ if (closecommandfile) { fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); } if (closeftpfile) { fclose(ftpfile); } if (closememfile) { mem_close_free(*handle); } signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* This creates a file handle with a copy of the URL in filename. The file must be uncompressed and is copied to disk first */ int ftp_file_open(char *url, int rwmode, int *handle) { FILE *ftpfile; FILE *command; char errorstr[MAXLEN]; char recbuf[MAXLEN]; long len; int sock; int ii, flen, status; char firstchar; /* Check if output file is actually a memory file */ if (!strncmp(netoutfile, "mem:", 4) ) { /* allow the memory file to be opened with write access */ return( ftp_open(url, READONLY, handle) ); } closeftpfile = 0; closecommandfile = 0; closefile = 0; closeoutfile = 0; /* cfileio made a mistake, need to know where to write the output file */ flen = strlen(netoutfile); if (!flen) { ffpmsg("Output file not set, shouldn't have happened (ftp_file_open)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* do the signal handler bits */ if (setjmp(env) != 0) { /* feels like the second time */ /* this means something bad happened */ ffpmsg("Timeout (ftp_file_open)"); snprintf(errorstr, MAXLEN, "Download timeout exceeded: %d seconds",net_timeout); ffpmsg(errorstr); ffpmsg(" (multiplied x10 for files requiring uncompression)"); ffpmsg(" Timeout may be adjusted with fits_set_timeout"); goto error; } signal(SIGALRM, signal_handler); /* open the network connection to url. ftpfile holds the connection to the input file, command holds the connection to port 21, and sock is the socket connected to port 21 */ alarm(net_timeout); if ((status = ftp_open_network(url,&ftpfile,&command,&sock))) { alarm(0); ffpmsg("Unable to open http file (ftp_file_open)"); ffpmsg(url); goto error; } closeftpfile++; closecommandfile++; if (*netoutfile == '!') { /* user wants to clobber file, if it already exists */ for (ii = 0; ii < flen; ii++) netoutfile[ii] = netoutfile[ii + 1]; /* remove '!' */ status = file_remove(netoutfile); } /* Now, what do we do with the file */ firstchar = fgetc(ftpfile); ungetc(firstchar,ftpfile); if (strstr(url,".gz") || strstr(url,".Z") || ('\037' == firstchar)) { /* to make this more cfitsioish we use the file driver calls to create the file */ /* Create the output file */ if ((status = file_create(netoutfile,handle))) { ffpmsg("Unable to create output file (ftp_file_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } file_close(*handle); if (NULL == (outfile = fopen(netoutfile,"w"))) { ffpmsg("Unable to reopen the output file (ftp_file_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } closeoutfile++; status = 0; /* Ok, this is a tough case, let's be arbritary and say 10*net_timeout, Given the choices for nettimeout above they'll probaby ^C before, but it's always worth a shot*/ alarm(net_timeout*10); status = uncompress2file(url,ftpfile,outfile,&status); alarm(0); if (status) { ffpmsg("Unable to uncompress the output file (ftp_file_open)"); ffpmsg(url); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } fclose(outfile); closeoutfile--; } else { /* Create the output file */ if ((status = file_create(netoutfile,handle))) { ffpmsg("Unable to create output file (ftp_file_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } closefile++; /* write a file */ alarm(net_timeout); while(0 != (len = fread(recbuf,1,MAXLEN,ftpfile))) { alarm(0); status = file_write(*handle,recbuf,len); if (status) { ffpmsg("Error writing file (ftp_file_open)"); ffpmsg(url); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } alarm(net_timeout); } file_close(*handle); } fclose(ftpfile); closeftpfile--; fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); closecommandfile--; signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); alarm(0); return file_open(netoutfile,rwmode,handle); error: alarm(0); /* clear it */ if (closeftpfile) { fclose(ftpfile); } if (closecommandfile) { fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); } if (closeoutfile) { fclose(outfile); } if (closefile) { file_close(*handle); } signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* This creates a memory handle with a copy of the URL in filename. The file must be compressed and is copied to disk first */ int ftp_compress_open(char *url, int rwmode, int *handle) { FILE *ftpfile; FILE *command; char errorstr[MAXLEN]; char recbuf[MAXLEN]; long len; int ii, flen, status; int sock; char firstchar; closeftpfile = 0; closecommandfile = 0; closememfile = 0; closefdiskfile = 0; closediskfile = 0; /* don't do r/w files */ if (rwmode != 0) { ffpmsg("Compressed files must be r/o"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* Need to know where to write the output file */ flen = strlen(netoutfile); if (!flen) { ffpmsg( "Output file not set, shouldn't have happened (ftp_compress_open)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* do the signal handler bits */ if (setjmp(env) != 0) { /* feels like the second time */ /* this means something bad happened */ ffpmsg("Timeout (ftp_compress_open)"); snprintf(errorstr, MAXLEN, "Download timeout exceeded: %d seconds",net_timeout); ffpmsg(errorstr); ffpmsg(" Timeout may be adjusted with fits_set_timeout"); goto error; } signal(SIGALRM, signal_handler); /* Open the network connection to url, ftpfile is connected to the file port, command is connected to port 21. sock is for writing to port 21 */ alarm(net_timeout); if ((status = ftp_open_network(url,&ftpfile,&command,&sock))) { alarm(0); ffpmsg("Unable to open ftp file (ftp_compress_open)"); ffpmsg(url); goto error; } closeftpfile++; closecommandfile++; /* Now, what do we do with the file */ firstchar = fgetc(ftpfile); ungetc(firstchar,ftpfile); if (strstr(url,".gz") || strstr(url,".Z") || ('\037' == firstchar)) { if (*netoutfile == '!') { /* user wants to clobber file, if it already exists */ for (ii = 0; ii < flen; ii++) netoutfile[ii] = netoutfile[ii + 1]; /* remove '!' */ status = file_remove(netoutfile); } /* Create the output file */ if ((status = file_create(netoutfile,handle))) { ffpmsg("Unable to create output file (ftp_compress_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } closediskfile++; /* write a file */ alarm(net_timeout); while(0 != (len = fread(recbuf,1,MAXLEN,ftpfile))) { alarm(0); status = file_write(*handle,recbuf,len); if (status) { ffpmsg("Error writing file (ftp_compres_open)"); ffpmsg(url); ffpmsg(netoutfile); goto error; } alarm(net_timeout); } file_close(*handle); closediskfile--; fclose(ftpfile); closeftpfile--; /* Close down the ftp connection */ fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); closecommandfile--; /* File is on disk, let's uncompress it into memory */ if (NULL == (diskfile = fopen(netoutfile,"r"))) { ffpmsg("Unable to reopen disk file (ftp_compress_open)"); ffpmsg(netoutfile); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } closefdiskfile++; if ((status = mem_create(url,handle))) { ffpmsg("Unable to create memory file (ftp_compress_open)"); ffpmsg(url); goto error; } closememfile++; status = 0; status = mem_uncompress2mem(url,diskfile,*handle); fclose(diskfile); closefdiskfile--; if (status) { ffpmsg("Error writing compressed memory file (ftp_compress_open)"); goto error; } } else { /* Opps, this should not have happened */ ffpmsg("Can only compressed files here (ftp_compress_open)"); goto error; } signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); alarm(0); return mem_seek(*handle,0); error: alarm(0); /* clear it */ if (closeftpfile) { fclose(ftpfile); } if (closecommandfile) { fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); } if (closefdiskfile) { fclose(diskfile); } if (closememfile) { mem_close_free(*handle); } if (closediskfile) { file_close(*handle); } signal(SIGALRM, SIG_DFL); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Open a ftp connection to filename (really a URL), return ftpfile set to the file connection, and command set to the control connection, with sock also set to the control connection */ static int ftp_open_network(char *filename, FILE **ftpfile, FILE **command, int *sock) { int status; int sock1; int tmpint; char recbuf[MAXLEN]; char errorstr[MAXLEN]; char tmpstr[MAXLEN]; char proto[SHORTLEN]; char host[SHORTLEN]; char agentStr[SHORTLEN]; char *newhost; char *username; char *password; char fn[MAXLEN]; char *newfn; char *passive; char *tstr; char *saveptr; char ip[SHORTLEN]; char turl[MAXLEN]; int port; int ii,tryingtologin = 1; float version=0.0; /* parse the URL */ if (strlen(filename) > MAXLEN - 7) { ffpmsg("ftp filename is too long (ftp_open_network)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcpy(turl,"ftp://"); strcat(turl,filename); if (NET_ParseUrl(turl,proto,host,&port,fn)) { snprintf(errorstr,MAXLEN,"URL Parse Error (ftp_open) %s",filename); ffpmsg(errorstr); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } port = 21; /* We might have a user name. If not, set defaults for username and password */ username = "anonymous"; snprintf(agentStr,SHORTLEN,"User-Agent: FITSIO/HEASARC/%-8.4f",ffvers(&version)); password = agentStr; /* is there an @ sign */ if (NULL != (newhost = strrchr(host,'@'))) { *newhost = '\0'; /* make it a null, */ newhost++; /* Now newhost points to the host name and host points to the user name, password combo */ username = host; /* is there a : for a password */ if (NULL != strchr(username,':')) { password = strchr(username,':'); *password = '\0'; password++; } } else { newhost = host; } for (ii = 0; ii < 10; ii++) { /* make up to 10 attempts to log in */ /* Connect to the host on the required port */ *sock = NET_TcpConnect(newhost,port); /* convert it to a stdio file */ if (NULL == (*command = fdopen(*sock,"r"))) { ffpmsg ("fdopen failed to convert socket to stdio file (ftp_open_netowrk)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* Wait for the 220 response */ if (ftp_status(*command,"220 ")) { fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); /* ffpmsg("sleeping for 5 in ftp_open_network, then try again"); */ sleep (5); /* take a nap and hope ftp server sorts itself out in the meantime */ } else { tryingtologin = 0; break; } } if (tryingtologin) { /* the 10 attempts were not successful */ ffpmsg ("error connecting to remote server, no 220 seen (ftp_open_network)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* Send the user name and wait for the right response */ snprintf(tmpstr,MAXLEN,"USER %s\r\n",username); status = NET_SendRaw(*sock,tmpstr,strlen(tmpstr),NET_DEFAULT); if (ftp_status(*command,"331 ")) { ffpmsg ("USER error no 331 seen (ftp_open_network)"); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* Send the password and wait for the right response */ snprintf(tmpstr,MAXLEN,"PASS %s\r\n",password); status = NET_SendRaw(*sock,tmpstr,strlen(tmpstr),NET_DEFAULT); if (ftp_status(*command,"230 ")) { ffpmsg ("PASS error, no 230 seen (ftp_open_network)"); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* now do the cwd command */ newfn = strrchr(fn,'/'); if (newfn == NULL) { strcpy(tmpstr,"CWD /\r\n"); newfn = fn; } else { *newfn = '\0'; newfn++; if (strlen(fn) == 0) { strcpy(tmpstr,"CWD /\r\n"); } else { /* remove the leading slash */ if (fn[0] == '/') { snprintf(tmpstr,MAXLEN,"CWD %s\r\n",&fn[1]); } else { snprintf(tmpstr,MAXLEN,"CWD %s\r\n",fn); } } } status = NET_SendRaw(*sock,tmpstr,strlen(tmpstr),NET_DEFAULT); if (ftp_status(*command,"250 ")) { ffpmsg ("CWD error, no 250 seen (ftp_open_network)"); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } if (!strlen(newfn)) { ffpmsg("Null file name (ftp_open)"); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* Always use binary mode */ snprintf(tmpstr,MAXLEN,"TYPE I\r\n"); status = NET_SendRaw(*sock,tmpstr,strlen(tmpstr),NET_DEFAULT); if (ftp_status(*command,"200 ")) { ffpmsg ("TYPE I error, 200 not seen (ftp_open_network)"); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } status = NET_SendRaw(*sock,"PASV\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); if (!(fgets(recbuf,MAXLEN,*command))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_open)"); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* Passive mode response looks like 227 Entering Passive Mode (129,194,67,8,210,80) */ if (recbuf[0] == '2' && recbuf[1] == '2' && recbuf[2] == '7') { /* got a good passive mode response, find the opening ( */ if (!(passive = strchr(recbuf,'('))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_open_network)"); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } *passive = '\0'; passive++; ip[0] = '\0'; /* Messy parsing of response from PASV *command */ if (!(tstr = ffstrtok(passive,",)",&saveptr))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_open_network)"); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcpy(ip,tstr); strcat(ip,"."); if (!(tstr = ffstrtok(NULL,",)",&saveptr))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_open_network)"); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcat(ip,tstr); strcat(ip,"."); if (!(tstr = ffstrtok(NULL,",)",&saveptr))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_open_network)"); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcat(ip,tstr); strcat(ip,"."); if (!(tstr = ffstrtok(NULL,",)",&saveptr))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_open_network)"); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcat(ip,tstr); /* Done the ip number, now do the port # */ if (!(tstr = ffstrtok(NULL,",)",&saveptr))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_open_network)"); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } sscanf(tstr,"%d",&port); port *= 256; if (!(tstr = ffstrtok(NULL,",)",&saveptr))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_open_network)"); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } sscanf(tstr,"%d",&tmpint); port += tmpint; if (!strlen(newfn)) { ffpmsg("Null file name (ftp_open_network)"); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* Connect to the data port */ sock1 = NET_TcpConnect(ip,port); if (NULL == (*ftpfile = fdopen(sock1,"r"))) { ffpmsg ("Could not connect to passive port (ftp_open_network)"); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* Send the retrieve command */ snprintf(tmpstr,MAXLEN,"RETR %s\r\n",newfn); status = NET_SendRaw(*sock,tmpstr,strlen(tmpstr),NET_DEFAULT); if (ftp_status(*command,"150 ")) { fclose(*ftpfile); NET_SendRaw(sock1,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } return 0; /* successfully opened the ftp file */ } /* no passive mode */ fclose(*command); NET_SendRaw(*sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Open a ftp connection to see if the file exists (return 1) or not (return 0) */ int ftp_file_exist(char *filename) { FILE *ftpfile; FILE *command; int sock; int status; int sock1; int tmpint; char recbuf[MAXLEN]; char errorstr[MAXLEN]; char tmpstr[MAXLEN]; char proto[SHORTLEN]; char host[SHORTLEN]; char *newhost; char *username; char *password; char fn[MAXLEN]; char *newfn; char *passive; char *tstr; char *saveptr; char ip[SHORTLEN]; char turl[MAXLEN]; int port; int ii, tryingtologin = 1; /* parse the URL */ if (strlen(filename) > MAXLEN - 7) { ffpmsg("ftp filename is too long (ftp_file_exist)"); return 0; } strcpy(turl,"ftp://"); strcat(turl,filename); if (NET_ParseUrl(turl,proto,host,&port,fn)) { snprintf(errorstr,MAXLEN,"URL Parse Error (ftp_file_exist) %s",filename); ffpmsg(errorstr); return 0; } port = 21; /* we might have a user name */ username = "anonymous"; password = "user@host.com"; /* is there an @ sign */ if (NULL != (newhost = strrchr(host,'@'))) { *newhost = '\0'; /* make it a null, */ newhost++; /* Now newhost points to the host name and host points to the user name, password combo */ username = host; /* is there a : for a password */ if (NULL != strchr(username,':')) { password = strchr(username,':'); *password = '\0'; password++; } } else { newhost = host; } for (ii = 0; ii < 10; ii++) { /* make up to 10 attempts to log in */ /* Connect to the host on the required port */ sock = NET_TcpConnect(newhost,port); /* convert it to a stdio file */ if (NULL == (command = fdopen(sock,"r"))) { ffpmsg ("Failed to convert socket to stdio file (ftp_file_exist)"); return 0; } /* Wait for the 220 response */ if (ftp_status(command,"220")) { ffpmsg ("error connecting to remote server, no 220 seen (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); /* ffpmsg("sleeping for 5 in ftp_file_exist, then try again"); */ sleep (5); /* take a nap and hope ftp server sorts itself out in the meantime */ } else { tryingtologin = 0; break; } } if (tryingtologin) { /* the 10 attempts were not successful */ ffpmsg ("error connecting to remote server, no 220 seen (ftp_open_network)"); return (0); } /* Send the user name and wait for the right response */ snprintf(tmpstr,MAXLEN,"USER %s\r\n",username); status = NET_SendRaw(sock,tmpstr,strlen(tmpstr),NET_DEFAULT); /* If command is refused due to the connection requiring SSL (ie. an fpts connection), this is where it will first be detected by way of a 550 error code. */ status = ftp_status(command,"331 "); if (status == 550) { ffpmsg ("Server is requesting SSL, will switch to ftps (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return -1; } else if (status) { ffpmsg ("USER error no 331 seen (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } /* Send the password and wait for the right response */ snprintf(tmpstr,MAXLEN,"PASS %s\r\n",password); status = NET_SendRaw(sock,tmpstr,strlen(tmpstr),NET_DEFAULT); if (ftp_status(command,"230 ")) { ffpmsg ("PASS error, no 230 seen (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } /* now do the cwd command */ newfn = strrchr(fn,'/'); if (newfn == NULL) { strcpy(tmpstr,"CWD /\r\n"); newfn = fn; } else { *newfn = '\0'; newfn++; if (strlen(fn) == 0) { strcpy(tmpstr,"CWD /\r\n"); } else { /* remove the leading slash */ if (fn[0] == '/') { snprintf(tmpstr,MAXLEN,"CWD %s\r\n",&fn[1]); } else { snprintf(tmpstr,MAXLEN,"CWD %s\r\n",fn); } } } status = NET_SendRaw(sock,tmpstr,strlen(tmpstr),NET_DEFAULT); if (ftp_status(command,"250 ")) { ffpmsg ("CWD error, no 250 seen (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } if (!strlen(newfn)) { ffpmsg("Null file name (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } /* Always use binary mode */ snprintf(tmpstr,MAXLEN,"TYPE I\r\n"); status = NET_SendRaw(sock,tmpstr,strlen(tmpstr),NET_DEFAULT); if (ftp_status(command,"200 ")) { ffpmsg ("TYPE I error, 200 not seen (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } status = NET_SendRaw(sock,"PASV\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); if (!(fgets(recbuf,MAXLEN,command))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } /* Passive mode response looks like 227 Entering Passive Mode (129,194,67,8,210,80) */ if (recbuf[0] == '2' && recbuf[1] == '2' && recbuf[2] == '7') { /* got a good passive mode response, find the opening ( */ if (!(passive = strchr(recbuf,'('))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } *passive = '\0'; passive++; ip[0] = '\0'; /* Messy parsing of response from PASV command */ if (!(tstr = ffstrtok(passive,",)",&saveptr))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } strcpy(ip,tstr); strcat(ip,"."); if (!(tstr = ffstrtok(NULL,",)",&saveptr))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } strcat(ip,tstr); strcat(ip,"."); if (!(tstr = ffstrtok(NULL,",)",&saveptr))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } strcat(ip,tstr); strcat(ip,"."); if (!(tstr = ffstrtok(NULL,",)",&saveptr))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } strcat(ip,tstr); /* Done the ip number, now do the port # */ if (!(tstr = ffstrtok(NULL,",)",&saveptr))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } sscanf(tstr,"%d",&port); port *= 256; if (!(tstr = ffstrtok(NULL,",)",&saveptr))) { ffpmsg ("PASV error (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } sscanf(tstr,"%d",&tmpint); port += tmpint; if (!strlen(newfn)) { ffpmsg("Null file name (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } /* Connect to the data port */ sock1 = NET_TcpConnect(ip,port); if (NULL == (ftpfile = fdopen(sock1,"r"))) { ffpmsg ("Could not connect to passive port (ftp_file_exist)"); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } /* Send the retrieve command */ snprintf(tmpstr,MAXLEN,"RETR %s\r\n",newfn); status = NET_SendRaw(sock,tmpstr,strlen(tmpstr),NET_DEFAULT); if (ftp_status(command,"150 ")) { fclose(ftpfile); NET_SendRaw(sock1,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } /* if we got here then the file probably exists */ fclose(ftpfile); NET_SendRaw(sock1,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 1; } /* no passive mode */ fclose(command); NET_SendRaw(sock,"QUIT\r\n",6,NET_DEFAULT); return 0; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* return a socket which results from connection to hostname on port port */ int NET_TcpConnect(char *hostname, int port) { /* Connect to hostname on port */ struct sockaddr_in sockaddr; int sock; int stat; int val = 1; CreateSocketAddress(&sockaddr,hostname,port); /* Create socket */ if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) { ffpmsg("ERROR: NET_TcpConnect can't create socket"); return CONNECTION_ERROR; } if ((stat = connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*) &sockaddr, sizeof(sockaddr))) < 0) { close(sock); /* perror("NET_Tcpconnect - Connection error"); ffpmsg("Can't connect to host, connection error"); */ return CONNECTION_ERROR; } setsockopt(sock, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, (char *)&val, sizeof(val)); setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, (char *)&val, sizeof(val)); val = 65536; setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&val, sizeof(val)); setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&val, sizeof(val)); return sock; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Write len bytes from buffer to socket sock */ static int NET_SendRaw(int sock, const void *buffer, int length, int opt) { char * buf = (char *) buffer; int flag; int n, nsent = 0; switch (opt) { case NET_DEFAULT: flag = 0; break; case NET_OOB: flag = MSG_OOB; break; case NET_PEEK: default: flag = 0; break; } if (sock < 0) return -1; for (n = 0; n < length; n += nsent) { if ((nsent = send(sock, buf+n, length-n, flag)) <= 0) { return nsent; } } return n; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ static int NET_RecvRaw(int sock, void *buffer, int length) { /* Receive exactly length bytes into buffer. Returns number of bytes */ /* received. Returns -1 in case of error. */ int nrecv, n; char *buf = (char *)buffer; if (sock < 0) return -1; for (n = 0; n < length; n += nrecv) { while ((nrecv = recv(sock, buf+n, length-n, 0)) == -1 && errno == EINTR) errno = 0; /* probably a SIGCLD that was caught */ if (nrecv < 0) return nrecv; else if (nrecv == 0) break; /*/ EOF */ } return n; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Yet Another URL Parser url - input url proto - input protocol host - output host port - output port fn - output filename */ static int NET_ParseUrl(const char *url, char *proto, char *host, int *port, char *fn) { /* parses urls into their bits */ /* returns 1 if error, else 0 */ char *urlcopy, *urlcopyorig; char *ptrstr; char *thost; int isftp = 0; /* figure out if there is a http: or ftp: */ urlcopyorig = urlcopy = (char *) malloc(strlen(url)+1); strcpy(urlcopy,url); /* set some defaults */ *port = 80; strcpy(proto,"http:"); strcpy(host,"localhost"); strcpy(fn,"/"); ptrstr = strstr(urlcopy,"http:"); if (ptrstr == NULL) { /* Nope, not http: */ ptrstr = strstr(urlcopy,"root:"); if (ptrstr == NULL) { /* Nope, not root either */ ptrstr = strstr(urlcopy,"ftp:"); if (ptrstr != NULL) { if (ptrstr == urlcopy) { strcpy(proto,"ftp:"); *port = 21; isftp++; urlcopy += 4; /* move past ftp: */ } else { /* not at the beginning, bad url */ free(urlcopyorig); return 1; } } } else { if (ptrstr == urlcopy) { urlcopy += 5; /* move past root: */ } else { /* not at the beginning, bad url */ free(urlcopyorig); return 1; } } } else { if (ptrstr == urlcopy) { urlcopy += 5; /* move past http: */ } else { free(urlcopyorig); return 1; } } /* got the protocol */ /* get the hostname */ if (urlcopy[0] == '/' && urlcopy[1] == '/') { /* we have a hostname */ urlcopy += 2; /* move past the // */ } /* do this only if http */ if (!strcmp(proto,"http:")) { /* Move past any user:password */ if ((thost = strchr(urlcopy, '@')) != NULL) urlcopy = thost+1; if (strlen(urlcopy) > SHORTLEN-1) { free(urlcopyorig); return 1; } strcpy(host,urlcopy); thost = host; while (*urlcopy != '/' && *urlcopy != ':' && *urlcopy) { thost++; urlcopy++; } /* we should either be at the end of the string, have a /, or have a : */ *thost = '\0'; if (*urlcopy == ':') { /* follows a port number */ urlcopy++; sscanf(urlcopy,"%d",port); while (*urlcopy != '/' && *urlcopy) urlcopy++; /* step to the */ } } else { /* do this for ftp */ if (strlen(urlcopy) > SHORTLEN-1) { free(urlcopyorig); return 1; } strcpy(host,urlcopy); thost = host; while (*urlcopy != '/' && *urlcopy) { thost++; urlcopy++; } *thost = '\0'; /* Now, we should either be at the end of the string, or have a / */ } /* Now the rest is a fn */ if (*urlcopy) { if (strlen(urlcopy) > MAXLEN-1) { free(urlcopyorig); return 1; } strcpy(fn,urlcopy); } free(urlcopyorig); return 0; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int http_checkfile (char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile1) { /* Small helper functions to set the netoutfile static string */ /* Called by cfileio after parsing the output file off of the input file url */ char newinfile[MAXLEN]; FILE *httpfile=0; char contentencoding[MAXLEN], contenttype[MAXLEN]; int contentlength; int foundfile = 0; int status=0; /* set defaults */ strcpy(urltype,"http://"); if (strlen(outfile1)) { /* don't copy the "file://" prefix, if present. */ if (!strncmp(outfile1, "file://", 7) ) { strcpy(netoutfile,outfile1+7); } else { strcpy(netoutfile,outfile1); } } if (strstr(infile, "?")) { /* Special case where infile name contains a "?". */ /* This is probably a CGI string; no point in testing if it exists */ /* so just set urltype and netoutfile if necessary, then return */ if (strlen(outfile1)) { /* was an outfile specified? */ strcpy(urltype,"httpfile://"); /* don't copy the "file://" prefix, if present. */ if (!strncmp(outfile1, "file://", 7) ) { strcpy(netoutfile,outfile1+7); } else { strcpy(netoutfile,outfile1); } } return 0; /* case where infile name contains "?" */ } /* If the specified infile file name does not contain a .gz or .Z suffix, then first test if a .gz compressed version of the file exists, and if not then test if a .Z version of the file exists. (because it will be much faster to read the compressed file). If the compressed files do not exist, then finally just open the infile name exactly as specified. */ if (!strstr(infile,".gz") && (!strstr(infile,".Z"))) { /* The infile string does not contain the name of a compressed file. */ /* Fisrt, look for a .gz compressed version of the file. */ if (strlen(infile) + 3 > MAXLEN-1) { return URL_PARSE_ERROR; } strcpy(newinfile,infile); strcat(newinfile,".gz"); status = http_open_network(newinfile,&httpfile, contentencoding, contenttype, &contentlength); if (!status) { if (!strcmp(contentencoding, "ftp://")) { /* this is a signal from http_open_network that indicates that */ /* the http server returned a 301 or 302 redirect to a FTP URL. */ /* Check that the file exists, because redirect many not be reliable */ if (ftp_file_exist(newinfile)>0) { /* The ftp .gz compressed file is there, all is good! */ strcpy(urltype, "ftp://"); if (strlen(newinfile) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { return URL_PARSE_ERROR; } strcpy(infile,newinfile); if (strlen(outfile1)) { /* there is an output file; might need to modify the urltype */ if (!strncmp(outfile1, "mem:", 4) ) { /* copy the file to memory, with READ and WRITE access In this case, it makes no difference whether the ftp file and or the output file are compressed or not. */ strcpy(urltype, "ftpmem://"); /* use special driver */ } else { /* input file is compressed */ if (strstr(outfile1,".gz") || (strstr(outfile1,".Z"))) { strcpy(urltype,"ftpcompress://"); } else { strcpy(urltype,"ftpfile://"); } } } return 0; /* found the .gz compressed ftp file */ } /* fall through to here if ftp redirect does not exist */ } else if (!strcmp(contentencoding, "https://")) { /* the http server returned a 301 or 302 redirect to an HTTPS URL. */ https_checkfile(urltype, infile, outfile1); /* For https we're not testing for compressed extensions at this stage. It will all be done in https_open_network. Therefore leave infile alone and do immediate return. */ return 0; } else { /* found the http .gz compressed file */ if (httpfile) fclose(httpfile); foundfile = 1; if (strlen(newinfile) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { return URL_PARSE_ERROR; } strcpy(infile,newinfile); } } else if (status != FILE_NOT_OPENED) { /* Some other error occured aside from not finding file, such as a url parsing error. Don't continue trying with other extensions. */ return status; } if (!foundfile) { /* did not find .gz compressed version of the file, so look for .Z file. */ if (strlen(infile+2) > MAXLEN-1) { return URL_PARSE_ERROR; } strcpy(newinfile,infile); strcat(newinfile,".Z"); if (!http_open_network(newinfile,&httpfile, contentencoding, contenttype, &contentlength)) { if (!strcmp(contentencoding, "ftp://")) { /* this is a signal from http_open_network that indicates that */ /* the http server returned a 301 or 302 redirect to a FTP URL. */ /* Check that the file exists, because redirect many not be reliable */ if (ftp_file_exist(newinfile)>0) { /* The ftp .Z compressed file is there, all is good! */ strcpy(urltype, "ftp://"); if (strlen(newinfile) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { return URL_PARSE_ERROR; } strcpy(infile,newinfile); if (strlen(outfile1)) { /* there is an output file; might need to modify the urltype */ if (!strncmp(outfile1, "mem:", 4) ) { /* copy the file to memory, with READ and WRITE access In this case, it makes no difference whether the ftp file and or the output file are compressed or not. */ strcpy(urltype, "ftpmem://"); /* use special driver */ } else { /* input file is compressed */ if (strstr(outfile1,".gz") || (strstr(outfile1,".Z"))) { strcpy(urltype,"ftpcompress://"); } else { strcpy(urltype,"ftpfile://"); } } } return 0; /* found the .Z compressed ftp file */ } /* fall through to here if ftp redirect does not exist */ } else { /* found the http .Z compressed file */ if (httpfile) fclose(httpfile); foundfile = 1; if (strlen(newinfile) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { return URL_PARSE_ERROR; } strcpy(infile,newinfile); } } } } /* end of case where infile does not contain .gz or .Z */ if (!foundfile) { /* look for the base file.name */ strcpy(newinfile,infile); if (!http_open_network(newinfile,&httpfile, contentencoding, contenttype, &contentlength)) { if (!strcmp(contentencoding, "ftp://")) { /* this is a signal from http_open_network that indicates that */ /* the http server returned a 301 or 302 redirect to a FTP URL. */ /* Check that the file exists, because redirect many not be reliable */ if (ftp_file_exist(newinfile)>0) { /* The ftp file is there, all is good! */ strcpy(urltype, "ftp://"); if (strlen(newinfile) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { return URL_PARSE_ERROR; } strcpy(infile,newinfile); if (strlen(outfile1)) { /* there is an output file; might need to modify the urltype */ if (!strncmp(outfile1, "mem:", 4) ) { /* copy the file to memory, with READ and WRITE access In this case, it makes no difference whether the ftp file and or the output file are compressed or not. */ strcpy(urltype, "ftpmem://"); /* use special driver */ return 0; } else { /* input file is not compressed */ strcpy(urltype,"ftpfile://"); } } return 0; /* found the ftp file */ } /* fall through to here if ftp redirect does not exist */ } else if (!strcmp(contentencoding, "https://")) { /* the http server returned a 301 or 302 redirect to an HTTPS URL. */ https_checkfile(urltype, infile, outfile1); /* For https we're not testing for compressed extensions at this stage. It will all be done in https_open_network. Therefore leave infile alone and do immediate return. */ return 0; } else { /* found the base named file */ if (httpfile) fclose(httpfile); foundfile = 1; if (strlen(newinfile) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) { return URL_PARSE_ERROR; } strcpy(infile,newinfile); } } } if (!foundfile) { return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } if (strlen(outfile1)) { /* there is an output file */ if (!strncmp(outfile1, "mem:", 4) ) { /* copy the file to memory, with READ and WRITE access In this case, it makes no difference whether the http file and or the output file are compressed or not. */ strcpy(urltype, "httpmem://"); /* use special driver */ return 0; } if (strstr(infile, "?")) { /* file name contains a '?' so probably a cgi string; */ strcpy(urltype,"httpfile://"); return 0; } if (strstr(infile,".gz") || (strstr(infile,".Z"))) { /* It's compressed */ if (strstr(outfile1,".gz") || (strstr(outfile1,".Z"))) { strcpy(urltype,"httpcompress://"); } else { strcpy(urltype,"httpfile://"); } } else { strcpy(urltype,"httpfile://"); } } return 0; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int https_checkfile (char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile1) { /* set default */ strcpy(urltype,"https://"); if (strlen(outfile1)) { /* don't copy the "file://" prefix, if present. */ if (!strncmp(outfile1, "file://", 7) ) { strcpy(netoutfile,outfile1+7); } else { strcpy(netoutfile,outfile1); } if (!strncmp(outfile1, "mem:", 4)) strcpy(urltype,"httpsmem://"); else strcpy(urltype,"httpsfile://"); } return 0; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ftps_checkfile (char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile1) { strcpy(urltype,"ftps://"); if (strlen(outfile1)) { /* don't copy the "file://" prefix, if present. */ if (!strncmp(outfile1, "file://", 7) ) { strcpy(netoutfile,outfile1+7); } else { strcpy(netoutfile,outfile1); } if (!strncmp(outfile1, "mem:", 4)) strcpy(urltype,"ftpsmem://"); else { if (strstr(outfile1,".gz") || strstr(outfile1,".Z")) { /* Note that for Curl dependent handlers, we can't check at this point if infile will have a .gz or .Z appended. If it does not, the ftpscompress 'open' handler will fail.*/ strcpy(urltype,"ftpscompress://"); } else strcpy(urltype,"ftpsfile://"); } } return 0; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ftp_checkfile (char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile1) { char newinfile[MAXLEN]; FILE *ftpfile; FILE *command; int sock; int foundfile = 0; int status=0; /* Small helper functions to set the netoutfile static string */ /* default to ftp:// if no outfile specified */ strcpy(urltype,"ftp://"); if (!strstr(infile,".gz") && (!strstr(infile,".Z"))) { /* The infile string does not contain the name of a compressed file. */ /* Fisrt, look for a .gz compressed version of the file. */ if (strlen(infile)+3 > MAXLEN-1) { return URL_PARSE_ERROR; } strcpy(newinfile,infile); strcat(newinfile,".gz"); /* look for .gz version of the file */ status = ftp_file_exist(newinfile); if (status > 0) { foundfile = 1; if (strlen(newinfile) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) return URL_PARSE_ERROR; strcpy(infile,newinfile); } else if (status < 0) { /* Server is demanding an SSL connection. Change urltype and exit. */ ftps_checkfile(urltype, infile, outfile1); return 0; } if (!foundfile) { if (strlen(infile)+2 > MAXLEN-1) { return URL_PARSE_ERROR; } strcpy(newinfile,infile); strcat(newinfile,".Z"); /* look for .Z version of the file */ if (ftp_file_exist(newinfile)) { foundfile = 1; if (strlen(newinfile) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) return URL_PARSE_ERROR; strcpy(infile,newinfile); } } } if (!foundfile) { strcpy(newinfile,infile); /* look for the base file */ status = ftp_file_exist(newinfile); if (status > 0) { foundfile = 1; if (strlen(newinfile) > FLEN_FILENAME-1) return URL_PARSE_ERROR; strcpy(infile,newinfile); } else if (status < 0) { /* Server is demanding an SSL connection. Change urltype and exit. */ ftps_checkfile(urltype, infile, outfile1); return 0; } } if (!foundfile) { return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } if (strlen(outfile1)) { /* there is an output file; might need to modify the urltype */ /* don't copy the "file://" prefix, if present. */ if (!strncmp(outfile1, "file://", 7) ) strcpy(netoutfile,outfile1+7); else strcpy(netoutfile,outfile1); if (!strncmp(outfile1, "mem:", 4) ) { /* copy the file to memory, with READ and WRITE access In this case, it makes no difference whether the ftp file and or the output file are compressed or not. */ strcpy(urltype, "ftpmem://"); /* use special driver */ return 0; } if (strstr(infile,".gz") || (strstr(infile,".Z"))) { /* input file is compressed */ if (strstr(outfile1,".gz") || (strstr(outfile1,".Z"))) { strcpy(urltype,"ftpcompress://"); } else { strcpy(urltype,"ftpfile://"); } } else { strcpy(urltype,"ftpfile://"); } } return 0; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* A small helper function to wait for a particular status on the ftp connectino */ static int ftp_status(FILE *ftp, char *statusstr) { /* read through until we find a string beginning with statusstr */ /* This needs a timeout */ /* Modified 2/19 to return the numerical value of the returned status when it differs from the requested status. */ char recbuf[MAXLEN], errorstr[SHORTLEN]; int len, ftpcode=0; len = strlen(statusstr); while (1) { if (!(fgets(recbuf,MAXLEN,ftp))) { snprintf(errorstr,SHORTLEN,"ERROR: ftp_status wants %s but fgets returned 0",statusstr); ffpmsg(errorstr); return 1; /* error reading */ } recbuf[len] = '\0'; /* make it short */ if (!strcmp(recbuf,statusstr)) { return 0; /* we're ok */ } if (recbuf[0] > '3') { /* oh well, some sort of error. */ snprintf(errorstr,SHORTLEN,"ERROR ftp_status wants %s but got %s", statusstr, recbuf); ffpmsg(errorstr); /* Return the numerical code, if string can be converted to int. But must not return 0 from here. */ ftpcode = atoi(recbuf); return ftpcode ? ftpcode : 1; } snprintf(errorstr,SHORTLEN,"ERROR ftp_status wants %s but got unexpected %s", statusstr, recbuf); ffpmsg(errorstr); } } /* *---------------------------------------------------------------------- * * CreateSocketAddress -- * * This function initializes a sockaddr structure for a host and port. * * Results: * 1 if the host was valid, 0 if the host could not be converted to * an IP address. * * Side effects: * Fills in the *sockaddrPtr structure. * *---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ static int CreateSocketAddress( struct sockaddr_in *sockaddrPtr, /* Socket address */ char *host, /* Host. NULL implies INADDR_ANY */ int port) /* Port number */ { struct hostent *hostent; /* Host database entry */ struct in_addr addr; /* For 64/32 bit madness */ char localhost[MAXLEN]; strcpy(localhost,host); memset((void *) sockaddrPtr, '\0', sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); sockaddrPtr->sin_family = AF_INET; sockaddrPtr->sin_port = htons((unsigned short) (port & 0xFFFF)); if (host == NULL) { addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; } else { addr.s_addr = inet_addr(localhost); if (addr.s_addr == 0xFFFFFFFF) { hostent = gethostbyname(localhost); if (hostent != NULL) { memcpy((void *) &addr, (void *) hostent->h_addr_list[0], (size_t) hostent->h_length); } else { #ifdef EHOSTUNREACH errno = EHOSTUNREACH; #else #ifdef ENXIO errno = ENXIO; #endif #endif return 0; /* error */ } } } /* * NOTE: On 64 bit machines the assignment below is rumored to not * do the right thing. Please report errors related to this if you * observe incorrect behavior on 64 bit machines such as DEC Alphas. * Should we modify this code to do an explicit memcpy? */ sockaddrPtr->sin_addr.s_addr = addr.s_addr; return 1; /* Success. */ } /* Signal handler for timeouts */ static void signal_handler(int sig) { switch (sig) { case SIGALRM: /* process for alarm */ longjmp(env,sig); default: { /* Hmm, shouldn't have happend */ exit(sig); } } } /**************************************************************/ /* Root driver */ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int root_init(void) { int ii; for (ii = 0; ii < NMAXFILES; ii++) /* initialize all empty slots in table */ { handleTable[ii].sock = 0; handleTable[ii].currentpos = 0; } return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int root_setoptions(int options) { /* do something with the options argument, to stop compiler warning */ options = 0; return(options); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int root_getoptions(int *options) { *options = 0; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int root_getversion(int *version) { *version = 10; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int root_shutdown(void) { return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int root_open(char *url, int rwmode, int *handle) { int ii, status; int sock; *handle = -1; for (ii = 0; ii < NMAXFILES; ii++) /* find empty slot in table */ { if (handleTable[ii].sock == 0) { *handle = ii; break; } } if (*handle == -1) return(TOO_MANY_FILES); /* too many files opened */ /*open the file */ if (rwmode) { status = root_openfile(url, "update", &sock); } else { status = root_openfile(url, "read", &sock); } if (status) return(status); handleTable[ii].sock = sock; handleTable[ii].currentpos = 0; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int root_create(char *filename, int *handle) { int ii, status; int sock; *handle = -1; for (ii = 0; ii < NMAXFILES; ii++) /* find empty slot in table */ { if (handleTable[ii].sock == 0) { *handle = ii; break; } } if (*handle == -1) return(TOO_MANY_FILES); /* too many files opened */ /*open the file */ status = root_openfile(filename, "create", &sock); if (status) { ffpmsg("Unable to create file"); return(status); } handleTable[ii].sock = sock; handleTable[ii].currentpos = 0; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int root_size(int handle, LONGLONG *filesize) /* return the size of the file in bytes */ { int sock; int offset; int status; int op; sock = handleTable[handle].sock; status = root_send_buffer(sock,ROOTD_STAT,NULL,0); status = root_recv_buffer(sock,&op,(char *)&offset, 4); *filesize = (LONGLONG) ntohl(offset); return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int root_close(int handle) /* close the file */ { int status; int sock; sock = handleTable[handle].sock; status = root_send_buffer(sock,ROOTD_CLOSE,NULL,0); close(sock); handleTable[handle].sock = 0; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int root_flush(int handle) /* flush the file */ { int status; int sock; sock = handleTable[handle].sock; status = root_send_buffer(sock,ROOTD_FLUSH,NULL,0); return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int root_seek(int handle, LONGLONG offset) /* seek to position relative to start of the file */ { handleTable[handle].currentpos = offset; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int root_read(int hdl, void *buffer, long nbytes) /* read bytes from the current position in the file */ { char msg[SHORTLEN]; int op; int status; int astat; /* we presume here that the file position will never be > 2**31 = 2.1GB */ snprintf(msg,SHORTLEN,"%ld %ld ",(long) handleTable[hdl].currentpos,nbytes); status = root_send_buffer(handleTable[hdl].sock,ROOTD_GET,msg,strlen(msg)); if ((unsigned) status != strlen(msg)) { return (READ_ERROR); } astat = 0; status = root_recv_buffer(handleTable[hdl].sock,&op,(char *) &astat,4); if (astat != 0) { return (READ_ERROR); } status = NET_RecvRaw(handleTable[hdl].sock,buffer,nbytes); if (status != nbytes) { return (READ_ERROR); } handleTable[hdl].currentpos += nbytes; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int root_write(int hdl, void *buffer, long nbytes) /* write bytes at the current position in the file */ { char msg[SHORTLEN]; int len; int sock; int status; int astat; int op; sock = handleTable[hdl].sock; /* we presume here that the file position will never be > 2**31 = 2.1GB */ snprintf(msg,SHORTLEN,"%ld %ld ",(long) handleTable[hdl].currentpos,nbytes); len = strlen(msg); status = root_send_buffer(sock,ROOTD_PUT,msg,len+1); if (status != len+1) { return (WRITE_ERROR); } status = NET_SendRaw(sock,buffer,nbytes,NET_DEFAULT); if (status != nbytes) { return (WRITE_ERROR); } astat = 0; status = root_recv_buffer(handleTable[hdl].sock,&op,(char *) &astat,4); if (astat != 0) { return (WRITE_ERROR); } handleTable[hdl].currentpos += nbytes; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int root_openfile(char *url, char *rwmode, int *sock) /* lowest level routine to physically open a root file */ { int status; char recbuf[MAXLEN]; char errorstr[MAXLEN]; char proto[SHORTLEN]; char host[SHORTLEN]; char fn[MAXLEN]; char turl[MAXLEN]; int port; int op; int ii; int authstat; /* Parse the URL apart again */ if (strlen(url)+7 > MAXLEN-1) { ffpmsg("Error: url too long"); return(FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcpy(turl,"root://"); strcat(turl,url); if (NET_ParseUrl(turl,proto,host,&port,fn)) { snprintf(errorstr,MAXLEN,"URL Parse Error (root_open) %s",url); ffpmsg(errorstr); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* Connect to the remote host */ *sock = NET_TcpConnect(host,port); if (*sock < 0) { ffpmsg("Couldn't connect to host (root_openfile)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* get the username */ if (NULL != getenv("ROOTUSERNAME")) { if (strlen(getenv("ROOTUSERNAME")) > MAXLEN-1) { ffpmsg("root user name too long (root_openfile)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcpy(recbuf,getenv("ROOTUSERNAME")); } else { printf("Username: "); fgets(recbuf,MAXLEN,stdin); recbuf[strlen(recbuf)-1] = '\0'; } status = root_send_buffer(*sock, ROOTD_USER, recbuf,strlen(recbuf)); if (status < 0) { ffpmsg("error talking to remote system on username "); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } status = root_recv_buffer(*sock,&op,(char *)&authstat,4); if (!status) { ffpmsg("error talking to remote system on username"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } if (op != ROOTD_AUTH) { ffpmsg("ERROR on ROOTD_USER"); ffpmsg(recbuf); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } /* now the password */ if (NULL != getenv("ROOTPASSWORD")) { if (strlen(getenv("ROOTPASSWORD")) > MAXLEN-1) { ffpmsg("root password too long (root_openfile)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcpy(recbuf,getenv("ROOTPASSWORD")); } else { printf("Password: "); fgets(recbuf,MAXLEN,stdin); recbuf[strlen(recbuf)-1] = '\0'; } /* ones complement the password */ for (ii=0;(unsigned) ii MAXLEN-1) { ffpmsg("root file name too long (root_openfile)"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } strcpy(recbuf,fn); strcat(recbuf," "); strcat(recbuf,rwmode); status = root_send_buffer(*sock, ROOTD_OPEN, recbuf, strlen(recbuf)); if (status < 0) { ffpmsg("error talking to remote system on open "); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } status = root_recv_buffer(*sock,&op,(char *)&authstat,4); if (status < 0) { ffpmsg("error talking to remote system on open"); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } if ((op != ROOTD_OPEN) && (authstat != 0)) { ffpmsg("ERROR on ROOTD_OPEN"); ffpmsg(recbuf); return (FILE_NOT_OPENED); } return 0; } static int root_send_buffer(int sock, int op, char *buffer, int buflen) { /* send a buffer, the form is includes the 4 bytes for the op, the length bytes (4) are implicit if buffer is null don't send it, not everything needs something sent */ int len; int status; int hdr[2]; len = 4; if (buffer != NULL) { len += buflen; } hdr[0] = htonl(len); hdr[1] = htonl(op); status = NET_SendRaw(sock,hdr,sizeof(hdr),NET_DEFAULT); if (status < 0) { return status; } if (buffer != NULL) { status = NET_SendRaw(sock,buffer,buflen,NET_DEFAULT); } return status; } static int root_recv_buffer(int sock, int *op, char *buffer, int buflen) { /* recv a buffer, the form is */ int recv1 = 0; int len; int status; char recbuf[MAXLEN]; status = NET_RecvRaw(sock,&len,4); if (status < 0) { return status; } recv1 += status; len = ntohl(len); /* ok, have the length, recive the operation */ len -= 4; status = NET_RecvRaw(sock,op,4); if (status < 0) { return status; } recv1 += status; *op = ntohl(*op); if (len > MAXLEN) { len = MAXLEN; } if (len > 0) { /* Get the rest of the message */ status = NET_RecvRaw(sock,recbuf,len); if (len > buflen) { len = buflen; } memcpy(buffer,recbuf,len); if (status < 0) { return status; } } recv1 += status; return recv1; } /*****************************************************************************/ /* Encode a string into MIME Base64 format string */ static int encode64(unsigned s_len, char *src, unsigned d_len, char *dst) { static char base64[] = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" "0123456789" "+/"; unsigned triad; for (triad = 0; triad < s_len; triad += 3) { unsigned long int sr; unsigned byte; for (byte = 0; (byte<3) && (triad+byte #include #include #include "fitsio2.h" /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffppx( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ long *firstpix, /* I - coord of first pixel to write(1 based) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ void *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of pixels to the primary array. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). This routine is simillar to ffppr, except it supports writing to large images with more than 2**31 pixels. */ { int naxis, ii; long group = 1; LONGLONG firstelem, dimsize = 1, naxes[9]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* get the size of the image */ ffgidm(fptr, &naxis, status); ffgiszll(fptr, 9, naxes, status); firstelem = 0; for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) { firstelem += ((firstpix[ii] - 1) * dimsize); dimsize *= naxes[ii]; } firstelem++; if (datatype == TBYTE) { ffpprb(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned char *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { ffpprsb(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (signed char *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { ffpprui(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned short *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { ffppri(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (short *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { ffppruk(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned int *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { ffpprk(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (int *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { ffppruj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned long *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { ffpprj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (long *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { ffpprujj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (ULONGLONG *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { ffpprjj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (LONGLONG *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { ffppre(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (float *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { ffpprd(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (double *) array, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffppxll( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ LONGLONG *firstpix, /* I - coord of first pixel to write(1 based) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ void *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of pixels to the primary array. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). This routine is simillar to ffppr, except it supports writing to large images with more than 2**31 pixels. */ { int naxis, ii; long group = 1; LONGLONG firstelem, dimsize = 1, naxes[9]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* get the size of the image */ ffgidm(fptr, &naxis, status); ffgiszll(fptr, 9, naxes, status); firstelem = 0; for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) { firstelem += ((firstpix[ii] - 1) * dimsize); dimsize *= naxes[ii]; } firstelem++; if (datatype == TBYTE) { ffpprb(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned char *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { ffpprsb(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (signed char *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { ffpprui(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned short *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { ffppri(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (short *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { ffppruk(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned int *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { ffpprk(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (int *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { ffppruj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned long *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { ffpprj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (long *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { ffpprujj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (ULONGLONG *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { ffpprjj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (LONGLONG *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { ffppre(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (float *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { ffpprd(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (double *) array, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffppxn( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ long *firstpix, /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ void *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ void *nulval, /* I - pointer to the null value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of values to the primary array. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). This routine supports writing to large images with more than 2**31 pixels. */ { int naxis, ii; long group = 1; LONGLONG firstelem, dimsize = 1, naxes[9]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (nulval == NULL) /* null value not defined? */ { ffppx(fptr, datatype, firstpix, nelem, array, status); return(*status); } /* get the size of the image */ ffgidm(fptr, &naxis, status); ffgiszll(fptr, 9, naxes, status); firstelem = 0; for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) { firstelem += ((firstpix[ii] - 1) * dimsize); dimsize *= naxes[ii]; } firstelem++; if (datatype == TBYTE) { ffppnb(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned char *) array, *(unsigned char *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { ffppnsb(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (signed char *) array, *(signed char *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { ffppnui(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned short *) array, *(unsigned short *) nulval,status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { ffppni(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (short *) array, *(short *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { ffppnuk(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned int *) array, *(unsigned int *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { ffppnk(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (int *) array, *(int *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { ffppnuj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned long *) array, *(unsigned long *) nulval,status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { ffppnj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (long *) array, *(long *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { ffppnujj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (ULONGLONG *) array, *(ULONGLONG *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { ffppnjj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (LONGLONG *) array, *(LONGLONG *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { ffppne(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (float *) array, *(float *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { ffppnd(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (double *) array, *(double *) nulval, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffppxnll( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ LONGLONG *firstpix, /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ void *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ void *nulval, /* I - pointer to the null value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of values to the primary array. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). This routine supports writing to large images with more than 2**31 pixels. */ { int naxis, ii; long group = 1; LONGLONG firstelem, dimsize = 1, naxes[9]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (nulval == NULL) /* null value not defined? */ { ffppxll(fptr, datatype, firstpix, nelem, array, status); return(*status); } /* get the size of the image */ ffgidm(fptr, &naxis, status); ffgiszll(fptr, 9, naxes, status); firstelem = 0; for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) { firstelem += ((firstpix[ii] - 1) * dimsize); dimsize *= naxes[ii]; } firstelem++; if (datatype == TBYTE) { ffppnb(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned char *) array, *(unsigned char *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { ffppnsb(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (signed char *) array, *(signed char *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { ffppnui(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned short *) array, *(unsigned short *) nulval,status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { ffppni(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (short *) array, *(short *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { ffppnuk(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned int *) array, *(unsigned int *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { ffppnk(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (int *) array, *(int *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { ffppnuj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned long *) array, *(unsigned long *) nulval,status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { ffppnj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (long *) array, *(long *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { ffppnujj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (ULONGLONG *) array, *(ULONGLONG *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { ffppnjj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (LONGLONG *) array, *(LONGLONG *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { ffppne(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (float *) array, *(float *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { ffppnd(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (double *) array, *(double *) nulval, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffppr( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ void *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of values to the primary array. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). */ { long group = 1; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (datatype == TBYTE) { ffpprb(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned char *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { ffpprsb(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (signed char *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { ffpprui(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned short *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { ffppri(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (short *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { ffppruk(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned int *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { ffpprk(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (int *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { ffppruj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned long *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { ffpprj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (long *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { ffpprujj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (ULONGLONG *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { ffpprjj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (LONGLONG *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { ffppre(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (float *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { ffpprd(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (double *) array, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffppn( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of values to write */ void *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ void *nulval, /* I - pointer to the null value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of values to the primary array. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). */ { long group = 1; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (nulval == NULL) /* null value not defined? */ { ffppr(fptr, datatype, firstelem, nelem, array, status); return(*status); } if (datatype == TBYTE) { ffppnb(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned char *) array, *(unsigned char *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { ffppnsb(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (signed char *) array, *(signed char *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { ffppnui(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned short *) array, *(unsigned short *) nulval,status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { ffppni(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (short *) array, *(short *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { ffppnuk(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned int *) array, *(unsigned int *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { ffppnk(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (int *) array, *(int *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { ffppnuj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned long *) array, *(unsigned long *) nulval,status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { ffppnj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (long *) array, *(long *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { ffppnujj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (ULONGLONG *) array, *(ULONGLONG *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { ffppnjj(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (LONGLONG *) array, *(LONGLONG *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { ffppne(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (float *) array, *(float *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { ffppnd(fptr, group, firstelem, nelem, (double *) array, *(double *) nulval, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpss( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ long *blc, /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection */ long *trc , /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection */ void *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write a section of values to the primary array. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). This routine supports writing to large images with more than 2**31 pixels. */ { int naxis; long naxes[9]; if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); /* get the size of the image */ ffgidm(fptr, &naxis, status); ffgisz(fptr, 9, naxes, status); if (datatype == TBYTE) { ffpssb(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, (unsigned char *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { ffpsssb(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, (signed char *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { ffpssui(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, (unsigned short *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { ffpssi(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, (short *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { ffpssuk(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, (unsigned int *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { ffpssk(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, (int *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { ffpssuj(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, (unsigned long *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { ffpssj(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, (long *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { ffpssujj(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, (ULONGLONG *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { ffpssjj(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, (LONGLONG *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { ffpsse(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, (float *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { ffpssd(fptr, 1, naxis, naxes, blc, trc, (double *) array, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpcl( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of elements to write */ void *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of values to a table column. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS column is not the same as the array being written). */ { if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (datatype == TBIT) { ffpclx(fptr, colnum, firstrow, (long) firstelem, (long) nelem, (char *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TBYTE) { ffpclb(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned char *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { ffpclsb(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (signed char *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { ffpclui(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned short *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { ffpcli(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (short *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { ffpcluk(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned int *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { ffpclk(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (int *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { ffpcluj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned long *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { ffpclj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (long *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { ffpclujj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (ULONGLONG *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { ffpcljj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (LONGLONG *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { ffpcle(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (float *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { ffpcld(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (double *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TCOMPLEX) { ffpcle(fptr, colnum, firstrow, (firstelem - 1) * 2 + 1, nelem * 2, (float *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TDBLCOMPLEX) { ffpcld(fptr, colnum, firstrow, (firstelem - 1) * 2 + 1, nelem * 2, (double *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TLOGICAL) { ffpcll(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (char *) array, status); } else if (datatype == TSTRING) { ffpcls(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (char **) array, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpcn( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int datatype, /* I - datatype of the value */ int colnum, /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */ LONGLONG nelem, /* I - number of elements to write */ void *array, /* I - array of values that are written */ void *nulval, /* I - pointer to the null value */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write an array of values to a table column. The datatype of the input array is defined by the 2nd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS column is not the same as the array being written). */ { if (*status > 0) /* inherit input status value if > 0 */ return(*status); if (nulval == NULL) /* null value not defined? */ { ffpcl(fptr, datatype, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, array, status); return(*status); } if (datatype == TBYTE) { ffpcnb(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned char *) array, *(unsigned char *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TSBYTE) { ffpcnsb(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (signed char *) array, *(signed char *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TUSHORT) { ffpcnui(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned short *) array, *(unsigned short *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TSHORT) { ffpcni(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (short *) array, *(unsigned short *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TUINT) { ffpcnuk(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned int *) array, *(unsigned int *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TINT) { ffpcnk(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (int *) array, *(int *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TULONG) { ffpcnuj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (unsigned long *) array, *(unsigned long *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TLONG) { ffpcnj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (long *) array, *(long *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TULONGLONG) { ffpcnujj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (ULONGLONG *) array, *(ULONGLONG *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TLONGLONG) { ffpcnjj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (LONGLONG *) array, *(LONGLONG *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TFLOAT) { ffpcne(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (float *) array, *(float *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TDOUBLE) { ffpcnd(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (double *) array, *(double *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TCOMPLEX) { ffpcne(fptr, colnum, firstrow, (firstelem - 1) * 2 + 1, nelem * 2, (float *) array, *(float *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TDBLCOMPLEX) { ffpcnd(fptr, colnum, firstrow, (firstelem - 1) * 2 + 1, nelem * 2, (double *) array, *(double *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TLOGICAL) { ffpcnl(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (char *) array, *(char *) nulval, status); } else if (datatype == TSTRING) { ffpcns(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, (char **) array, (char *) nulval, status); } else *status = BAD_DATATYPE; return(*status); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffpcln( fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int ncols, /* I - number of columns to write */ int *datatype, /* I - datatypes of the values */ int *colnum, /* I - columns numbers to write (1 = 1st col) */ LONGLONG firstrow, /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row) */ LONGLONG nrows, /* I - number of rows to write */ void **array, /* I - array of pointers to values to write */ void **nulval, /* I - array of pointers to values for undefined pixels */ int *status) /* IO - error status */ /* Write arrays of values to NCOLS table columns. This is an optimization to write all columns in one pass through the table. The datatypes of the input arrays are defined by the 3rd argument. Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as the array being written). Undefined elements for column i that are equal to *(nulval[i]) are set to the defined null value, unless nulval[i]=0, in which case no checking for undefined values will be performed. */ { LONGLONG ntotrows, ndone, nwrite, currow; long nrowbuf; LONGLONG *repeats = 0; size_t sizes[255] = {0}; int icol; sizes[TBYTE] = sizes[TSBYTE] = sizes[TLOGICAL] = sizeof(char); sizes[TUSHORT] = sizes[TSHORT] = sizeof(short int); sizes[TINT] = sizes[TUINT] = sizeof(int); sizes[TLONG] = sizes[TULONG] = sizeof(long int); sizes[TLONGLONG] = sizes[TULONGLONG] = sizeof(LONGLONG); sizes[TFLOAT] = sizeof(float); sizes[TDOUBLE] = sizeof(double); sizes[TDBLCOMPLEX] = 2*sizeof(double); if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (ncols <= 0) return (*status=0); repeats = malloc(sizeof(LONGLONG)*ncols); if (repeats == 0) return (*status=MEMORY_ALLOCATION); fits_get_num_rowsll(fptr, &ntotrows, status); fits_get_rowsize(fptr, &nrowbuf, status); /* Retrieve column repeats */ for (icol = 0; (icol < ncols) && (icol < 1000); icol++) { int typecode; LONGLONG repeat, width; fits_get_coltypell(fptr, colnum[icol], &typecode, &repeat, &width, status); repeats[icol] = repeat; if (datatype[icol] == TBIT || datatype[icol] == TSTRING || sizes[datatype[icol]] == 0) { ffpmsg("Cannot write to TBIT or TSTRING datatypes (ffpcln)"); *status = BAD_DATATYPE; } if (typecode < 0) { ffpmsg("Cannot write to variable-length data (ffpcln)"); *status = BAD_DIMEN; } if (*status) break; } if (*status) { free(repeats); return *status; } /* Optimize for 1 column */ if (ncols == 1) { fits_write_colnull(fptr, datatype[0], colnum[0], firstrow, 1, nrows*repeats[0], array[0], nulval[0], status); free(repeats); return *status; } /* Scan through file, in chunks of nrowbuf */ currow = firstrow; ndone = 0; while (ndone < nrows) { int icol; nwrite = (nrows-ndone); if (nwrite > nrowbuf) nwrite = nrowbuf; for (icol=0; icolfptr = fptr; strncpy(col->colname, colname,69); col->colname[69]=0; col->colnum = 0; /* set column number undefined since name is given */ col->datatype = datatype; col->iotype = iotype; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_iter_set_by_num(iteratorCol *col, /* I - iterator column structure */ fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer */ int colnum, /* I - column number */ int datatype, /* I - column datatype */ int iotype) /* I - InputCol, InputOutputCol, or OutputCol */ /* set all the parameters for an iterator column, by column number */ { col->fptr = fptr; col->colnum = colnum; col->datatype = datatype; col->iotype = iotype; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_iter_set_file(iteratorCol *col, /* I - iterator column structure */ fitsfile *fptr) /* I - FITS file pointer */ /* set iterator column parameter */ { col->fptr = fptr; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_iter_set_colname(iteratorCol *col, /* I - iterator col structure */ char *colname) /* I - column name */ /* set iterator column parameter */ { strncpy(col->colname, colname,69); col->colname[69]=0; col->colnum = 0; /* set column number undefined since name is given */ return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_iter_set_colnum(iteratorCol *col, /* I - iterator column structure */ int colnum) /* I - column number */ /* set iterator column parameter */ { col->colnum = colnum; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_iter_set_datatype(iteratorCol *col, /* I - iterator col structure */ int datatype) /* I - column datatype */ /* set iterator column parameter */ { col->datatype = datatype; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_iter_set_iotype(iteratorCol *col, /* I - iterator column structure */ int iotype) /* I - InputCol, InputOutputCol, or OutputCol */ /* set iterator column parameter */ { col->iotype = iotype; return(0); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ fitsfile * fits_iter_get_file(iteratorCol *col) /* I -iterator col structure */ /* get iterator column parameter */ { return(col->fptr); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ char * fits_iter_get_colname(iteratorCol *col) /* I -iterator col structure */ /* get iterator column parameter */ { return(col->colname); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_iter_get_colnum(iteratorCol *col) /* I - iterator column structure */ /* get iterator column parameter */ { return(col->colnum); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_iter_get_datatype(iteratorCol *col) /* I - iterator col structure */ /* get iterator column parameter */ { return(col->datatype); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int fits_iter_get_iotype(iteratorCol *col) /* I - iterator column structure */ /* get iterator column parameter */ { return(col->iotype); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ void * fits_iter_get_array(iteratorCol *col) /* I - iterator col structure */ /* get iterator column parameter */ { return(col->array); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ long fits_iter_get_tlmin(iteratorCol *col) /* I - iterator column structure */ /* get iterator column parameter */ { return(col->tlmin); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ long fits_iter_get_tlmax(iteratorCol *col) /* I - iterator column structure */ /* get iterator column parameter */ { return(col->tlmax); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ long fits_iter_get_repeat(iteratorCol *col) /* I - iterator col structure */ /* get iterator column parameter */ { return(col->repeat); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ char * fits_iter_get_tunit(iteratorCol *col) /* I - iterator col structure */ /* get iterator column parameter */ { return(col->tunit); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ char * fits_iter_get_tdisp(iteratorCol *col) /* I -iterator col structure */ /* get iterator column parameter */ { return(col->tdisp); } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ int ffiter(int n_cols, iteratorCol *cols, long offset, long n_per_loop, int (*work_fn)(long total_n, long offset, long first_n, long n_values, int n_cols, iteratorCol *cols, void *userPointer), void *userPointer, int *status) /* The iterator function. This function will pass the specified columns from a FITS table or pixels from a FITS image to the user-supplied function. Depending on the size of the table or image, only a subset of the rows or pixels may be passed to the function on each call, in which case the function will be called multiple times until all the rows or pixels have been processed. */ { typedef struct /* structure to store the column null value */ { int nullsize; /* length of the null value, in bytes */ union { /* default null value for the column */ char *stringnull; unsigned char charnull; signed char scharnull; int intnull; short shortnull; long longnull; unsigned int uintnull; unsigned short ushortnull; unsigned long ulongnull; float floatnull; double doublenull; LONGLONG longlongnull; } null; } colNulls; void *dataptr, *defaultnull; colNulls *col; int ii, jj, tstatus, naxis, bitpix; int typecode, hdutype, jtype, type, anynul=0, nfiles, nbytes; long totaln, nleft, frow, felement, n_optimum, i_optimum, ntodo; long rept, rowrept, width, tnull, naxes[9] = {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1}, groups; double zeros = 0.; char message[FLEN_ERRMSG], keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], nullstr[FLEN_VALUE]; char **stringptr, *nullptr, *cptr; if (*status > 0) return(*status); if (n_cols < 0 || n_cols > 999 ) { ffpmsg("Illegal number of columms (ffiter)"); return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM); /* negative number of columns */ } /*------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Make sure column numbers and datatypes are in legal range */ /* and column numbers and datatypes are legal. */ /* Also fill in other parameters in the column structure. */ /*------------------------------------------------------------*/ ffghdt(cols[0].fptr, &hdutype, status); /* type of first HDU */ for (jj = 0; jj < n_cols; jj++) { /* check that output datatype code value is legal */ type = cols[jj].datatype; /* Allow variable length arrays for InputCol and InputOutputCol columns, but not for OutputCol/TemporaryCol columns. Variable length arrays have a negative type code value. */ if ( !((cols[jj].iotype == OutputCol) || (cols[jj].iotype == TemporaryCol)) && (type<0)) { type*=-1; } /* TemporaryCol must have defined datatype and repeat */ if (cols[jj].iotype == TemporaryCol && (type <= 0 || cols[jj].repeat <= 0)) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "TemporaryCol column must have defined datatype and repeat for column %d (ffiter)", jj + 1); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); } /* Check for variable length or illegal data types */ if (type != 0 && type != TBYTE && type != TSBYTE && type != TLOGICAL && type != TSTRING && type != TSHORT && type != TINT && type != TLONG && type != TFLOAT && type != TDOUBLE && type != TCOMPLEX && type != TULONG && type != TUSHORT && type != TDBLCOMPLEX && type != TLONGLONG ) { if (type < 0) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Variable length array not allowed for output column number %d (ffiter)", jj + 1); } else { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal datatype for column number %d: %d (ffiter)", jj + 1, cols[jj].datatype); } ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); } /* initialize TLMINn, TLMAXn, column name, and display format */ cols[jj].tlmin = 0; cols[jj].tlmax = 0; cols[jj].tunit[0] = '\0'; cols[jj].tdisp[0] = '\0'; /* Determine HDU type of this table (or BINARY_TBL for TemporaryCol) */ if (cols[jj].iotype != TemporaryCol) { ffghdt(cols[jj].fptr, &jtype, status); /* get HDU type */ } else { hdutype = BINARY_TBL; } if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) /* operating on FITS images */ { if (jtype != IMAGE_HDU) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "File %d not positioned to an image extension (ffiter)", jj + 1); return(*status = NOT_IMAGE); } /* since this is an image, set a dummy column number = 0 */ cols[jj].colnum = 0; strcpy(cols[jj].colname, "IMAGE"); /* dummy name for images */ tstatus = 0; ffgkys(cols[jj].fptr, "BUNIT", cols[jj].tunit, 0, &tstatus); if (cols[jj].iotype == TemporaryCol) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Column type TemporaryCol not permitted for IMAGE HDUs (ffiter)"); return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); } } else /* operating on FITS tables */ { if (jtype == IMAGE_HDU) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "File %d not positioned to a table extension (ffiter)", jj + 1); return(*status = NOT_TABLE); } if (cols[jj].iotype != TemporaryCol) { if (cols[jj].colnum < 1) { /* find the column number for the named column */ if (ffgcno(cols[jj].fptr, CASEINSEN, cols[jj].colname, &cols[jj].colnum, status) ) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Column '%s' not found for column number %d (ffiter)", cols[jj].colname, jj + 1); ffpmsg(message); return(*status); } } /* check that the column number is valid */ if (cols[jj].colnum < 1 || cols[jj].colnum > ((cols[jj].fptr)->Fptr)->tfield) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Column %d has illegal table position number: %d (ffiter)", jj + 1, cols[jj].colnum); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM); } /* look for column description keywords and update structure */ tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TLMIN", cols[jj].colnum, keyname, &tstatus); ffgkyj(cols[jj].fptr, keyname, &cols[jj].tlmin, 0, &tstatus); tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TLMAX", cols[jj].colnum, keyname, &tstatus); ffgkyj(cols[jj].fptr, keyname, &cols[jj].tlmax, 0, &tstatus); tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TTYPE", cols[jj].colnum, keyname, &tstatus); ffgkys(cols[jj].fptr, keyname, cols[jj].colname, 0, &tstatus); if (tstatus) cols[jj].colname[0] = '\0'; tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TUNIT", cols[jj].colnum, keyname, &tstatus); ffgkys(cols[jj].fptr, keyname, cols[jj].tunit, 0, &tstatus); tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TDISP", cols[jj].colnum, keyname, &tstatus); ffgkys(cols[jj].fptr, keyname, cols[jj].tdisp, 0, &tstatus); } } } /* end of loop over all columns */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* use the first file to set the total number of values to process */ /*-----------------------------------------------------------------*/ offset = maxvalue(offset, 0L); /* make sure offset is legal */ felement = 0; if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) /* get total number of pixels in the image */ { fits_get_img_dim(cols[0].fptr, &naxis, status); fits_get_img_size(cols[0].fptr, 9, naxes, status); tstatus = 0; ffgkyj(cols[0].fptr, "GROUPS", &groups, NULL, &tstatus); if (!tstatus && groups && (naxis > 1) && (naxes[0] == 0) ) { /* this is a random groups file, with NAXIS1 = 0 */ /* Use GCOUNT, the number of groups, as the first multiplier */ /* to calculate the total number of pixels in all the groups. */ ffgkyj(cols[0].fptr, "GCOUNT", &totaln, NULL, status); } else { totaln = naxes[0]; } for (ii = 1; ii < naxis; ii++) totaln *= naxes[ii]; frow = 1; felement = 1 + offset; } else /* get total number or rows in the table */ { /* Note the maxvalue here is a special case to deal with how the calculator treats expressions that have NO referenced columns, just constants and other derivable values like #ROW. In that case, the calculator creates a cols[0].fptr even though there is no column for it, and the iterator is not meant to allocate any space, etc for the column. So the maxvalue() here assures that cols[0] is always checked, even if ncols==0, which is how the original logic worked. This is a bit dangerous in the sense that, what happens if the user passes a non-calculator input to this iterator, and has NOT set fptr to a legitimate FITS handle. Boom! */ for (jj=0; jj < maxvalue(n_cols,1); jj++) { if (cols[jj].iotype != TemporaryCol && cols[jj].fptr) { ffgkyj(cols[jj].fptr, "NAXIS2", &totaln, 0, status); frow = 1 + offset; felement = 1; break; } } if (felement != 1) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "There must be at least one input or output column in iterator (ffiter)"); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM); } } /* adjust total by the input starting offset value */ totaln -= offset; totaln = maxvalue(totaln, 0L); /* don't allow negative number */ /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Determine number of values to pass to work function on each loop */ /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/ if (n_per_loop == 0) { /* Determine optimum number of values for each iteration. */ /* Look at all the fitsfile pointers to determine the number */ /* of unique files. */ nfiles = 1; n_optimum = 0; if (cols[0].iotype != TemporaryCol) ffgrsz(cols[0].fptr, &n_optimum, status); for (jj = 1; jj < n_cols; jj++) { if (cols[jj].iotype == TemporaryCol) continue; for (ii = 0; ii < jj; ii++) { if (cols[ii].fptr == cols[jj].fptr) break; } if (ii == jj) /* this is a new file */ { nfiles++; ffgrsz(cols[jj].fptr, &i_optimum, status); if (n_optimum == 0) { /* If first column is TemporaryCol */ n_optimum = i_optimum; } else { n_optimum = minvalue(n_optimum, i_optimum); } } } /* divid n_optimum by the number of files that will be processed */ n_optimum = n_optimum / nfiles; n_optimum = maxvalue(n_optimum, 1); } else if (n_per_loop < 0) /* must pass all the values at one time */ { n_optimum = totaln; } else /* calling routine specified how many values to pass at a time */ { n_optimum = minvalue(n_per_loop, totaln); } /*--------------------------------------*/ /* allocate work arrays for each column */ /* and determine the null pixel value */ /*--------------------------------------*/ col = calloc(n_cols, sizeof(colNulls) ); /* memory for the null values */ if (!col) { ffpmsg("ffiter failed to allocate memory for null values"); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; /* memory allocation failed */ return(*status); } for (jj = 0; jj < n_cols; jj++) { /* get image or column datatype and vector length */ if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) /* get total number of pixels in the image */ { fits_get_img_type(cols[jj].fptr, &bitpix, status); switch(bitpix) { case BYTE_IMG: typecode = TBYTE; break; case SHORT_IMG: typecode = TSHORT; break; case LONG_IMG: typecode = TLONG; break; case FLOAT_IMG: typecode = TFLOAT; break; case DOUBLE_IMG: typecode = TDOUBLE; break; case LONGLONG_IMG: typecode = TLONGLONG; break; } } else if (cols[jj].iotype != TemporaryCol) { if (ffgtcl(cols[jj].fptr, cols[jj].colnum, &typecode, &rept, &width, status) > 0) goto cleanup; if (typecode < 0) { /* if any variable length arrays, then the */ n_optimum = 1; /* must process the table 1 row at a time */ /* Allow variable length arrays for InputCol and InputOutputCol columns, but not for OutputCol columns. Variable length arrays have a negative type code value. */ if (cols[jj].iotype == OutputCol) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Variable length array not allowed for output column number %d (ffiter)", jj + 1); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); } } } else { /* TemporaryCol - datatype etc must be defined */ typecode = cols[jj].datatype; if (typecode <= 0 || typecode == TBIT || typecode == TSTRING) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Invalid typecode for temporary output column number %d (ffiter)", jj+1); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_DATATYPE); } rept = cols[jj].repeat; if (rept <= 0) { snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Invalid repeat (%ld) for temporary output column number %d (ffiter)", rept, jj+1); ffpmsg(message); return(*status = BAD_DIMEN); } } /* special case where sizeof(long) = 8: use TINT instead of TLONG */ if (abs(typecode) == TLONG && sizeof(long) == 8 && sizeof(int) == 4) { if(typecode<0) { typecode = -TINT; } else { typecode = TINT; } } /* Special case: interprete 'X' column as 'B' */ if (abs(typecode) == TBIT) { typecode = typecode / TBIT * TBYTE; rept = (rept + 7) / 8; } if (cols[jj].datatype == 0) /* output datatype not specified? */ { /* special case if sizeof(long) = 8: use TINT instead of TLONG */ if (abs(typecode) == TLONG && sizeof(long) == 8 && sizeof(int) == 4) cols[jj].datatype = TINT; else cols[jj].datatype = abs(typecode); } /* calc total number of elements to do on each iteration */ if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU || cols[jj].datatype == TSTRING) { ntodo = n_optimum; cols[jj].repeat = 1; /* handle special case of a 0-width string column */ if (hdutype == BINARY_TBL && rept == 0) cols[jj].repeat = 0; /* get the BLANK keyword value, if it exists */ if (abs(typecode) == TBYTE || abs(typecode) == TSHORT || abs(typecode) == TLONG || abs(typecode) == TINT || abs(typecode) == TLONGLONG) { tstatus = 0; ffgkyj(cols[jj].fptr, "BLANK", &tnull, 0, &tstatus); if (tstatus) { tnull = 0L; /* no null values */ } } } else { if (typecode < 0) { /* get max size of the variable length vector; dont't trust the value given by the TFORM keyword */ rept = 1; for (ii = 0; ii < totaln; ii++) { ffgdes(cols[jj].fptr, cols[jj].colnum, frow + ii, &rowrept, NULL, status); rept = maxvalue(rept, rowrept); } } ntodo = n_optimum * rept; /* vector columns */ cols[jj].repeat = rept; /* get the TNULL keyword value, if it exists */ if (abs(typecode) == TBYTE || abs(typecode) == TSHORT || abs(typecode) == TLONG || abs(typecode) == TINT || abs(typecode) == TLONGLONG) { tstatus = 0; if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL) /* TNULLn value is a string */ { ffkeyn("TNULL", cols[jj].colnum, keyname, &tstatus); ffgkys(cols[jj].fptr, keyname, nullstr, 0, &tstatus); if (tstatus) { tnull = 0L; /* keyword doesn't exist; no null values */ } else { cptr = nullstr; while (*cptr == ' ') /* skip over leading blanks */ cptr++; if (*cptr == '\0') /* TNULLn is all blanks? */ tnull = LONG_MIN; else { /* attempt to read TNULLn string as an integer */ ffc2ii(nullstr, &tnull, &tstatus); if (tstatus) tnull = LONG_MIN; /* choose smallest value */ } /* to represent nulls */ } } else /* Binary table; TNULLn value is an integer */ { ffkeyn("TNULL", cols[jj].colnum, keyname, &tstatus); ffgkyj(cols[jj].fptr, keyname, &tnull, 0, &tstatus); if (tstatus) { tnull = 0L; /* keyword doesn't exist; no null values */ } else if (tnull == 0) { /* worst possible case: a value of 0 is used to */ /* represent nulls in the FITS file. We have to */ /* use a non-zero null value here (zero is used to */ /* mean there are no null values in the array) so we */ /* will use the smallest possible integer instead. */ tnull = LONG_MIN; /* choose smallest possible value */ } } } } /* Note that the data array starts with 2nd element; */ /* 1st element of the array gives the null data value */ switch (cols[jj].datatype) { case TBYTE: cols[jj].array = calloc(ntodo + 1, sizeof(char)); col[jj].nullsize = sizeof(char); /* number of bytes per value */ if (abs(typecode) == TBYTE || abs(typecode) == TSHORT || abs(typecode) == TLONG || abs(typecode) == TINT || abs(typecode) == TLONGLONG) { tnull = minvalue(tnull, 255); tnull = maxvalue(tnull, 0); col[jj].null.charnull = (unsigned char) tnull; } else { col[jj].null.charnull = (unsigned char) 255; /* use 255 as null */ } break; case TSBYTE: cols[jj].array = calloc(ntodo + 1, sizeof(char)); col[jj].nullsize = sizeof(char); /* number of bytes per value */ if (abs(typecode) == TBYTE || abs(typecode) == TSHORT || abs(typecode) == TLONG || abs(typecode) == TINT || abs(typecode) == TLONGLONG) { tnull = minvalue(tnull, 127); tnull = maxvalue(tnull, -128); col[jj].null.scharnull = (signed char) tnull; } else { col[jj].null.scharnull = (signed char) -128; /* use -128 null */ } break; case TSHORT: cols[jj].array = calloc(ntodo + 1, sizeof(short)); col[jj].nullsize = sizeof(short); /* number of bytes per value */ if (abs(typecode) == TBYTE || abs(typecode) == TSHORT || abs(typecode) == TLONG || abs(typecode) == TINT || abs(typecode) == TLONGLONG) { tnull = minvalue(tnull, SHRT_MAX); tnull = maxvalue(tnull, SHRT_MIN); col[jj].null.shortnull = (short) tnull; } else { col[jj].null.shortnull = SHRT_MIN; /* use minimum as null */ } break; case TUSHORT: cols[jj].array = calloc(ntodo + 1, sizeof(unsigned short)); col[jj].nullsize = sizeof(unsigned short); /* bytes per value */ if (abs(typecode) == TBYTE || abs(typecode) == TSHORT || abs(typecode) == TLONG || abs(typecode) == TINT || abs(typecode) == TLONGLONG) { tnull = minvalue(tnull, (long) USHRT_MAX); tnull = maxvalue(tnull, 0); /* don't allow negative value */ col[jj].null.ushortnull = (unsigned short) tnull; } else { col[jj].null.ushortnull = USHRT_MAX; /* use maximum null */ } break; case TINT: cols[jj].array = calloc(sizeof(int), ntodo + 1); col[jj].nullsize = sizeof(int); /* number of bytes per value */ if (abs(typecode) == TBYTE || abs(typecode) == TSHORT || abs(typecode) == TLONG || abs(typecode) == TINT || abs(typecode) == TLONGLONG) { tnull = minvalue(tnull, INT_MAX); tnull = maxvalue(tnull, INT_MIN); col[jj].null.intnull = (int) tnull; } else { col[jj].null.intnull = INT_MIN; /* use minimum as null */ } break; case TUINT: cols[jj].array = calloc(ntodo + 1, sizeof(unsigned int)); col[jj].nullsize = sizeof(unsigned int); /* bytes per value */ if (abs(typecode) == TBYTE || abs(typecode) == TSHORT || abs(typecode) == TLONG || abs(typecode) == TINT || abs(typecode) == TLONGLONG) { tnull = minvalue(tnull, INT32_MAX); tnull = maxvalue(tnull, 0); col[jj].null.uintnull = (unsigned int) tnull; } else { col[jj].null.uintnull = UINT_MAX; /* use maximum as null */ } break; case TLONG: cols[jj].array = calloc(ntodo + 1, sizeof(long)); col[jj].nullsize = sizeof(long); /* number of bytes per value */ if (abs(typecode) == TBYTE || abs(typecode) == TSHORT || abs(typecode) == TLONG || abs(typecode) == TINT || abs(typecode) == TLONGLONG) { col[jj].null.longnull = tnull; } else { col[jj].null.longnull = LONG_MIN; /* use minimum as null */ } break; case TULONG: cols[jj].array = calloc(ntodo + 1, sizeof(unsigned long)); col[jj].nullsize = sizeof(unsigned long); /* bytes per value */ if (abs(typecode) == TBYTE || abs(typecode) == TSHORT || abs(typecode) == TLONG || abs(typecode) == TINT || abs(typecode) == TLONGLONG) { if (tnull < 0) /* can't use a negative null value */ col[jj].null.ulongnull = LONG_MAX; else col[jj].null.ulongnull = (unsigned long) tnull; } else { col[jj].null.ulongnull = LONG_MAX; /* use maximum as null */ } break; case TFLOAT: cols[jj].array = calloc(ntodo + 1, sizeof(float)); col[jj].nullsize = sizeof(float); /* number of bytes per value */ if (abs(typecode) == TBYTE || abs(typecode) == TSHORT || abs(typecode) == TLONG || abs(typecode) == TINT || abs(typecode) == TLONGLONG) { col[jj].null.floatnull = (float) tnull; } else { col[jj].null.floatnull = FLOATNULLVALUE; /* special value */ } break; case TCOMPLEX: cols[jj].array = calloc((ntodo * 2) + 1, sizeof(float)); col[jj].nullsize = sizeof(float); /* number of bytes per value */ col[jj].null.floatnull = FLOATNULLVALUE; /* special value */ break; case TDOUBLE: cols[jj].array = calloc(ntodo + 1, sizeof(double)); col[jj].nullsize = sizeof(double); /* number of bytes per value */ if (abs(typecode) == TBYTE || abs(typecode) == TSHORT || abs(typecode) == TLONG || abs(typecode) == TINT || abs(typecode) == TLONGLONG) { col[jj].null.doublenull = (double) tnull; } else { col[jj].null.doublenull = DOUBLENULLVALUE; /* special value */ } break; case TDBLCOMPLEX: cols[jj].array = calloc((ntodo * 2) + 1, sizeof(double)); col[jj].nullsize = sizeof(double); /* number of bytes per value */ col[jj].null.doublenull = DOUBLENULLVALUE; /* special value */ break; case TSTRING: /* allocate array of pointers to all the strings */ if( hdutype==ASCII_TBL ) rept = width; stringptr = calloc((ntodo + 1) , sizeof(stringptr)); cols[jj].array = stringptr; col[jj].nullsize = rept + 1; /* number of bytes per value */ if (stringptr) { /* allocate string to store the null string value */ col[jj].null.stringnull = calloc(rept + 1, sizeof(char) ); if (rept > 0) col[jj].null.stringnull[1] = 1; /* to make sure string != 0 */ /* allocate big block for the array of table column strings */ stringptr[0] = calloc((ntodo + 1) * (rept + 1), sizeof(char) ); if (stringptr[0]) { for (ii = 1; ii <= ntodo; ii++) { /* pointer to each string */ stringptr[ii] = stringptr[ii - 1] + (rept + 1); } /* get the TNULL keyword value, if it exists */ tstatus = 0; ffkeyn("TNULL", cols[jj].colnum, keyname, &tstatus); ffgkys(cols[jj].fptr, keyname, nullstr, 0, &tstatus); if (!tstatus) strncat(col[jj].null.stringnull, nullstr, rept); } else { ffpmsg("ffiter failed to allocate memory arrays"); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; /* memory allocation failed */ goto cleanup; } } break; case TLOGICAL: cols[jj].array = calloc(ntodo + 1, sizeof(char)); col[jj].nullsize = sizeof(char); /* number of bytes per value */ /* use value = 2 to flag null values in logical columns */ col[jj].null.charnull = 2; break; case TLONGLONG: cols[jj].array = calloc(ntodo + 1, sizeof(LONGLONG)); col[jj].nullsize = sizeof(LONGLONG); /* number of bytes per value */ if (abs(typecode) == TBYTE || abs(typecode) == TSHORT || abs(typecode) == TLONG || abs(typecode) == TLONGLONG || abs(typecode) == TINT) { col[jj].null.longlongnull = tnull; } else { col[jj].null.longlongnull = LONGLONG_MIN; /* use minimum as null */ } break; default: snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, "Column %d datatype currently not supported: %d: (ffiter)", jj + 1, cols[jj].datatype); ffpmsg(message); *status = BAD_DATATYPE; goto cleanup; } /* end of switch block */ /* check that all the arrays were allocated successfully */ if (!cols[jj].array) { ffpmsg("ffiter failed to allocate memory arrays"); *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION; /* memory allocation failed */ goto cleanup; } } /*--------------------------------------------------*/ /* main loop while there are values left to process */ /*--------------------------------------------------*/ nleft = totaln; while (nleft) { ntodo = minvalue(nleft, n_optimum); /* no. of values for this loop */ /* read input columns from FITS file(s) */ for (jj = 0; jj < n_cols; jj++) { if (cols[jj].iotype != OutputCol && cols[jj].iotype != TemporaryCol) { if (cols[jj].datatype == TSTRING) { stringptr = cols[jj].array; dataptr = stringptr + 1; defaultnull = col[jj].null.stringnull; /* ptr to the null value */ } else { dataptr = (char *) cols[jj].array + col[jj].nullsize; defaultnull = &col[jj].null.charnull; /* ptr to the null value */ } if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { if (ffgpv(cols[jj].fptr, cols[jj].datatype, felement, cols[jj].repeat * ntodo, defaultnull, dataptr, &anynul, status) > 0) { break; } } else { if (ffgtcl(cols[jj].fptr, cols[jj].colnum, &typecode, &rept,&width, status) > 0) goto cleanup; if (typecode<0) { /* get size of the variable length vector */ ffgdes(cols[jj].fptr, cols[jj].colnum, frow,&cols[jj].repeat, NULL,status); } if (ffgcv(cols[jj].fptr, cols[jj].datatype, cols[jj].colnum, frow, felement, cols[jj].repeat * ntodo, defaultnull, dataptr, &anynul, status) > 0) { break; } } /* copy the appropriate null value into first array element */ if (anynul) /* are there any nulls in the data? */ { if (cols[jj].datatype == TSTRING) { stringptr = cols[jj].array; memcpy(*stringptr, col[jj].null.stringnull, col[jj].nullsize); } else { memcpy(cols[jj].array, defaultnull, col[jj].nullsize); } } else /* no null values so copy zero into first element */ { if (cols[jj].datatype == TSTRING) { stringptr = cols[jj].array; memset(*stringptr, 0, col[jj].nullsize); } else { memset(cols[jj].array, 0, col[jj].nullsize); } } } } if (*status > 0) break; /* looks like an error occurred; quit immediately */ /* call work function */ if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) *status = work_fn(totaln, offset, felement, ntodo, n_cols, cols, userPointer); else *status = work_fn(totaln, offset, frow, ntodo, n_cols, cols, userPointer); if (*status > 0 || *status < -1 ) break; /* looks like an error occurred; quit immediately */ /* write output columns before quiting if status = -1 */ tstatus = 0; for (jj = 0; jj < n_cols; jj++) { if (cols[jj].iotype != InputCol && cols[jj].iotype != TemporaryCol) { if (cols[jj].datatype == TSTRING) { stringptr = cols[jj].array; dataptr = stringptr + 1; nullptr = *stringptr; nbytes = 2; } else { dataptr = (char *) cols[jj].array + col[jj].nullsize; nullptr = (char *) cols[jj].array; nbytes = col[jj].nullsize; } if (memcmp(nullptr, &zeros, nbytes) ) { /* null value flag not zero; must check for and write nulls */ if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { if (ffppn(cols[jj].fptr, cols[jj].datatype, felement, cols[jj].repeat * ntodo, dataptr, nullptr, &tstatus) > 0) break; } else { if (ffgtcl(cols[jj].fptr, cols[jj].colnum, &typecode, &rept,&width, status) > 0) goto cleanup; if (typecode<0) /* variable length array colum */ { ffgdes(cols[jj].fptr, cols[jj].colnum, frow,&cols[jj].repeat, NULL,status); } if (ffpcn(cols[jj].fptr, cols[jj].datatype, cols[jj].colnum, frow, felement, cols[jj].repeat * ntodo, dataptr, nullptr, &tstatus) > 0) break; } } else { /* no null values; just write the array */ if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) { if (ffppr(cols[jj].fptr, cols[jj].datatype, felement, cols[jj].repeat * ntodo, dataptr, &tstatus) > 0) break; } else { if (ffgtcl(cols[jj].fptr, cols[jj].colnum, &typecode, &rept,&width, status) > 0) goto cleanup; if (typecode<0) /* variable length array column */ { ffgdes(cols[jj].fptr, cols[jj].colnum, frow,&cols[jj].repeat, NULL,status); } if (ffpcl(cols[jj].fptr, cols[jj].datatype, cols[jj].colnum, frow, felement, cols[jj].repeat * ntodo, dataptr, &tstatus) > 0) break; } } } } if (*status == 0) *status = tstatus; /* propagate any error status from the writes */ if (*status) break; /* exit on any error */ nleft -= ntodo; if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) felement += ntodo; else frow += ntodo; } cleanup: /*----------------------------------*/ /* free work arrays for the columns */ /*----------------------------------*/ for (jj = 0; jj < n_cols; jj++) { if (cols[jj].datatype == TSTRING) { if (cols[jj].array) { stringptr = cols[jj].array; free(*stringptr); /* free the block of strings */ free(col[jj].null.stringnull); /* free the null string */ } } if (cols[jj].array) free(cols[jj].array); /* memory for the array of values from the col */ } free(col); /* the structure containing the null values */ return(*status); } cfitsio-4.3.1/README.win0000644000225700000360000002040614075614240014126 0ustar cagordonlheaInstructions on building and using CFITSIO on Windows platforms for C programmers using Microsoft Visual Studio or Borland C++. These instructions for building the CFITSIO library under Windows use the CMake build system that is available from http://www.cmake.org. =============================================================================== 1. Build the CFITSIO dll library a. If CMAKE is not already installed on your machine, download it from http://www.cmake.org. It is recommended that you choose the "Add CMake to the system PATH for current user" option during the installation setup process for convenience when running CMake later on. b. Install ZLIB: The compression library "zlib" is required in order to build CFITSIO. Visit their site at https://zlib.net to download the latest distribution. Unpack it, then build and install it from a parallel directory, for example: mkdir zlib.build cd zlib.build cmake ..\zlib-1.2.11 -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=c:\Users\myname\zlib cmake --build . --config Release cmake --install . The cmake comands below will use the path "c:\Users\myname\zlib" as an example for the installed zlib location. c. Unzip the CFITSIO .zip file (e.g. cfit-4.0.0.zip) that was obtained from the CFITSIO Web site (http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/fitsio). This will create a new \cfitsio-4.0.0 subdirectory that contains the source code and documentation files. It also contains a CMakeLists.txt file that will be used during the CMake build process. d. Open the Visual Studio Command Prompt window, likely using a desktop icon with this same name, (or the equivalent Borland command window) and cd (change directory) into the parent directory that is one level above the directory containing the CFITSIO source files that was created in the previous step. e. Create a new subdirectory (for example, "cfitsio.build"), and cd into it with the following commands: mkdir cfitsio.build cd cfitsio.build When using Visual Studio, all the files that are generated during the CMake process will be created in or under this subdirectory. f. Create the CMake files necessary for the build: To use the default Visual Studio compilers and architecture, simply run (for example): cmake ..\cfitsio-4.0.0 -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=c:\Users\myname\zlib Alternatively, you can specify the name of a CMake Generator using the "-G" flag: cmake -G "" ..\cfitsio-4.0.0 -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=c:\Users\myname\zlib Where the string "" designates your choice of compiler. Some possible options are: "Visual Studio 16 2019" "Visual Studio 16 2019" -A Win32 (for 32-bit builds) "Visual Studio 15 2017 Win64" "Visual Studio 15 2017" (for 32-bit builds) "Visual Studio 15 2017" -A Win32 (for 32-bit builds) "MinGW Makefiles" "Borland Makefiles" "NMake Makefiles" You can see a list of all the available CMake Generators by executing the command cmake /? Note that these names are case-sensitive and must be entered exactly as displayed. Note that the "..\cfitsio-4.0.0" argument gives the relative path to the directory that contains the CFITSIO source files and the CMakeLists.txt file. Some other optional flags are available to use during this step, using this format: cmake -G ..\cfitsio-4.0.0 -D

] [-O ] [-Z] -v \n");
        fp_msg ("more:   [-F] [-D] [-S] [-L] [-C] [-H] [-V] \n");
	return(0);
}

int fu_hint (void)
{
	fp_msg ("      `funpack -H' for help\n");
	return(0);
}

int fu_help (void)
{
fp_msg ("funpack, decompress fpacked files.  Version ");
fp_version ();
fu_usage ();
fp_msg ("\n");

fp_msg ("Flags must be separate and appear before filenames:\n");
fp_msg (" -E  Unpack only the list of HDU names or numbers in the file.\n");
fp_msg (" -P 
    Prepend 
 to create new output filenames.\n");
fp_msg (" -O    Specify full output file name.\n");
fp_msg (" -Z          Recompress the output file with host GZIP program.\n");
fp_msg (" -F          Overwrite input file by output file with same name.\n");
fp_msg (" -D          Delete input file after writing output.\n");
fp_msg (" -S          Output uncompressed file to STDOUT file stream.\n");
fp_msg (" -L          List contents, files unchanged.\n");

fp_msg (" -C          Don't update FITS checksum keywords.\n");

fp_msg (" -v          Verbose mode; list each file as it is processed.\n");
fp_msg (" -H          Show this message.\n");
fp_msg (" -V          Show version number.\n");

fp_msg (" \n       FITS files to unpack; enter '-' (a hyphen) to read from stdin.\n");
fp_msg (" Refer to the fpack User's Guide for more extensive help.\n");
	return(0);
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/swapproc.c0000644000225700000360000001702713472024437014464 0ustar  cagordonlhea/*  This file, swapproc.c, contains general utility routines that are      */
/*  used by other FITSIO routines to swap bytes.                           */

/*  The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy    */
/*  Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA      */
/*  Goddard Space Flight Center.                                           */

/* The fast SSE2 and SSSE3 functions were provided by Julian Taylor, ESO */

#include 
#include 
#include "fitsio2.h"

/* bswap builtin is available since GCC 4.3 */
#if __GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 3)
#define HAVE_BSWAP
#endif

#ifdef __SSSE3__
#include 
/* swap 16 bytes according to mask, values must be 16 byte aligned */
static inline void swap_ssse3(char * values, __m128i mask)
{
    __m128i v = _mm_load_si128((__m128i *)values);
    __m128i s = _mm_shuffle_epi8(v, mask);
    _mm_store_si128((__m128i*)values, s);
}
#endif
#ifdef __SSE2__
#include 
/* swap 8 shorts, values must be 16 byte aligned
 * faster than ssse3 variant for shorts */
static inline void swap2_sse2(char * values)
{
    __m128i r1 = _mm_load_si128((__m128i *)values);
    __m128i r2 = r1;
    r1 = _mm_srli_epi16(r1, 8);
    r2 = _mm_slli_epi16(r2, 8);
    r1 = _mm_or_si128(r1, r2);
    _mm_store_si128((__m128i*)values, r1);
}
/* the three shuffles required for 4 and 8 byte variants make
 * SSE2 slower than bswap */


/* get number of elements to peel to reach alignment */
static inline size_t get_peel(void * addr, size_t esize, size_t nvals,
                              size_t alignment)
{
    const size_t offset = (size_t)addr % alignment;
    size_t peel = offset ? (alignment - offset) / esize : 0;
    peel = nvals < peel ? nvals : peel;
    return peel;
}
#endif

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void ffswap2_slow(short *svalues, long nvals)
{
    register long ii;
    unsigned short * usvalues;

    usvalues = (unsigned short *) svalues;

    for (ii = 0; ii < nvals; ii++)
    {
        usvalues[ii] = (usvalues[ii]>>8) | (usvalues[ii]<<8);
    }
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if __SSE2__
void ffswap2(short *svalues,  /* IO - pointer to shorts to be swapped    */
             long nvals)     /* I  - number of shorts to be swapped     */
/*
  swap the bytes in the input short integers: ( 0 1 -> 1 0 )
*/
{
    if ((long)svalues % 2 != 0) { /* should not happen */
        ffswap2_slow(svalues, nvals);
        return;
    }

    long ii;
    size_t peel = get_peel((void*)&svalues[0], sizeof(svalues[0]), nvals, 16);

    ffswap2_slow(svalues, peel);
    for (ii = peel; ii < (nvals - peel - (nvals - peel) % 8); ii+=8) {
        swap2_sse2((char*)&svalues[ii]);
    }
    ffswap2_slow(&svalues[ii], nvals - ii);
}
#else
void ffswap2(short *svalues,  /* IO - pointer to shorts to be swapped    */
             long nvals)     /* I  - number of shorts to be swapped     */
/*
  swap the bytes in the input 4-byte integer: ( 0 1 2 3 -> 3 2 1 0 )
*/
{
    ffswap2_slow(svalues, nvals);
}
#endif
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void ffswap4_slow(INT32BIT *ivalues, long nvals)
{
    register long ii;

#if defined(HAVE_BSWAP)
    for (ii = 0; ii < nvals; ii++)
    {
        ivalues[ii] = __builtin_bswap32(ivalues[ii]);
    }
#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1400)
    /* intrinsic byte swapping function in Microsoft Visual C++ 8.0 and later */
    unsigned int* uivalues = (unsigned int *) ivalues;

    /* intrinsic byte swapping function in Microsoft Visual C++ */
    for (ii = 0; ii < nvals; ii++)
    {
        uivalues[ii] = _byteswap_ulong(uivalues[ii]);
    }
#else
    char *cvalues, tmp;

    for (ii = 0; ii < nvals; ii++)
    {
        cvalues = (char *)&ivalues[ii];
        tmp = cvalues[0];
        cvalues[0] = cvalues[3];
        cvalues[3] = tmp;
        tmp = cvalues[1];
        cvalues[1] = cvalues[2];
        cvalues[2] = tmp;
    }
#endif
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifdef __SSSE3__
void ffswap4(INT32BIT *ivalues,  /* IO - pointer to INT*4 to be swapped    */
                 long nvals)     /* I  - number of floats to be swapped     */
/*
  swap the bytes in the input 4-byte integer: ( 0 1 2 3 -> 3 2 1 0 )
*/
{
    if ((long)ivalues % 4 != 0) { /* should not happen */
        ffswap4_slow(ivalues, nvals);
        return;
    }

    long ii;
    const __m128i cmask4 = _mm_set_epi8(12, 13, 14, 15,
                                        8, 9, 10, 11,
                                        4, 5, 6, 7,
                                        0, 1, 2 ,3);
    size_t peel = get_peel((void*)&ivalues[0], sizeof(ivalues[0]), nvals, 16);
    ffswap4_slow(ivalues, peel);
    for (ii = peel; ii < (nvals - peel - (nvals - peel) % 4); ii+=4) {
        swap_ssse3((char*)&ivalues[ii], cmask4);
    }
    ffswap4_slow(&ivalues[ii], nvals - ii);
}
#else
void ffswap4(INT32BIT *ivalues,  /* IO - pointer to INT*4 to be swapped    */
                 long nvals)     /* I  - number of floats to be swapped     */
/*
  swap the bytes in the input 4-byte integer: ( 0 1 2 3 -> 3 2 1 0 )
*/
{
    ffswap4_slow(ivalues, nvals);
}
#endif
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void ffswap8_slow(double *dvalues, long nvals)
{
    register long ii;
#ifdef HAVE_BSWAP
    LONGLONG * llvalues = (LONGLONG*)dvalues;

    for (ii = 0; ii < nvals; ii++) {
        llvalues[ii] = __builtin_bswap64(llvalues[ii]);
    }
#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1400)
    /* intrinsic byte swapping function in Microsoft Visual C++ 8.0 and later */
    unsigned __int64 * llvalues = (unsigned __int64 *) dvalues;

    for (ii = 0; ii < nvals; ii++)
    {
        llvalues[ii] = _byteswap_uint64(llvalues[ii]);
    }
#else
    register char *cvalues;
    register char temp;

    cvalues = (char *) dvalues;      /* copy the pointer value */

    for (ii = 0; ii < nvals*8; ii += 8)
    {
        temp = cvalues[ii];
        cvalues[ii] = cvalues[ii+7];
        cvalues[ii+7] = temp;

        temp = cvalues[ii+1];
        cvalues[ii+1] = cvalues[ii+6];
        cvalues[ii+6] = temp;

        temp = cvalues[ii+2];
        cvalues[ii+2] = cvalues[ii+5];
        cvalues[ii+5] = temp;

        temp = cvalues[ii+3];
        cvalues[ii+3] = cvalues[ii+4];
        cvalues[ii+4] = temp;
    }
#endif
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifdef __SSSE3__
void ffswap8(double *dvalues,  /* IO - pointer to doubles to be swapped     */
             long nvals)       /* I  - number of doubles to be swapped      */
/*
  swap the bytes in the input doubles: ( 01234567  -> 76543210 )
*/
{
    if ((long)dvalues % 8 != 0) { /* should not happen on amd64 */
        ffswap8_slow(dvalues, nvals);
        return;
    }

    long ii;
    const __m128i cmask8 = _mm_set_epi8(8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
                                        0, 1, 2 ,3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
    size_t peel = get_peel((void*)&dvalues[0], sizeof(dvalues[0]), nvals, 16);
    ffswap8_slow(dvalues, peel);
    for (ii = peel; ii < (nvals - peel - (nvals - peel) % 2); ii+=2) {
        swap_ssse3((char*)&dvalues[ii], cmask8);
    }
    ffswap8_slow(&dvalues[ii], nvals - ii);
}
#else
void ffswap8(double *dvalues,  /* IO - pointer to doubles to be swapped     */
             long nvals)       /* I  - number of doubles to be swapped      */
/*
  swap the bytes in the input doubles: ( 01234567  -> 76543210 )
*/
{
    ffswap8_slow(dvalues, nvals);
}
#endif
cfitsio-4.3.1/iter_c.fit0000644000225700000360000026400013472024437014426 0ustar  cagordonlheaSIMPLE  =                    T / file does conform to FITS standard             BITPIX  =                   32 / number of bits per data pixel                  NAXIS   =                    0 / number of data axes                            EXTEND  =                    T / FITS dataset may contain extensions            COMMENT   FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) format defined in Astronomy andCOMMENT   Astrophysics Supplement Series v44/p363, v44/p371, v73/p359, v73/p365.COMMENT   Contact the NASA Science Office of Standards and Technology for the   COMMENT   FITS Definition document #100 and other FITS information.             END                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             XTENSION= 'BINTABLE'  /  FITS 3D BINARY TABLE                                   BITPIX  =                    8  /  Binary data                                  NAXIS   =                    2  /  Table is a matrix                            NAXIS1  =                   16 /  Width of table in bytes                       NAXIS2  =                 5000 /  Number of entries in table                    PCOUNT  =                    0  /  Random parameter count                       GCOUNT  =                    1  /  Group count                                  TFIELDS =                    5 /  Number of fields in each row                  EXTNAME = 'EVENTS  '  /  Table name                                             EXTVER  =                    1  /  Version number of table                      TFORM1  = '1I      '  /  Data type for field                                    TTYPE1  = 'X       '  /  Label for field                                        TUNIT1  = '        '  /  Physical units for field                               TFORM2  = '1I      '  /  Data type for field                                    TTYPE2  = 'Y       '  /  Label for field                                        TUNIT2  = '        '  /  Physical units for field                               TFORM3  = '1I      '  /  Data type for field                                    TTYPE3  = 'PHA     '  /  Label for field                                        TUNIT3  = '        '  /  Physical units for field                               TFORM4  = '1D      '  /  Data type for field                                    TTYPE4  = 'TIME    '  /  Label for field                                        TUNIT4  = '        '  /  Physical units for field                               TFORM5  = '1I      '  /  Data type for field                                    TTYPE5  = 'DY      '  /  Label for field                                        TUNIT5  = '        '  /  Physical units for field                               TLMIN1  =                    1                                                  TLMAX1  =                15360                                                  TLMIN2  =                    1                                                  TLMAX2  =                15360                                                  NAXLEN  =                    2  /  Number of QPOE axes                          AXLEN1  =                15360  /  Dim. of qpoe axis 1                          AXLEN2  =                15360  /  Dim. of qpoe axis 2                          TELESCOP= 'ROSAT   '  /  telescope (mission) name                               INSTRUME= 'PSPC    '  /  instrument (detector) name                             RADECSYS= 'FK5     '  /  WCS for this file (e.g. Fk4)                           EQUINOX =           2.000000E3  /  equinox (epoch) for WCS                      CTYPE1  = 'RA---TAN'  /  axis type for dim. 1 (e.g. RA---TAN)                   CTYPE2  = 'DEC--TAN'  /  axis type for dim. 2 (e.g. DEC--TAN)                   CRVAL1  =           8.588000E1  /  sky coord of 1st axis (deg.)                 CRVAL2  =           6.926986E1  /  sky coord of 2nd axis (deg.)                 CDELT1  =         -1.388889E-4  /  x degrees per pixel                          CDELT2  =          1.388889E-4  /  y degrees per pixel                          CRPIX1  =           7.680000E3  /  x pixel of tangent plane direction           CRPIX2  =           7.680000E3  /  y pixel of tangent plane direction           CROTA2  =           0.000000E0  /  rotation angle (degrees)                     MJD-OBS =           4.905444E4  /  MJD of start of obs.                         DATE-OBS= '08/03/93'  /  date of observation start                              TIME-OBS= '10:30:32'  /  time of observation start                              DATE-END= '11/03/93'  /  date of observation end                                TIME-END= '05:02:18'  /  time of observation end                                XS-OBSID= 'US800282P.N1    '  /  observation ID                                 XS-SEQPI= 'ROTS, DR., ARNOLD,H.                                           '  /  XS-SUBIN=                    2  /  subinstrument id                             XS-OBSV =               800282  /  observer id                                  XS-CNTRY= 'USA     '  /  country where data was processed                       XS-FILTR=                    0  /  filter id: 0=none, 1=PSPC boron              XS-MODE =                    1  /  pointing mode: 1=point,2=slew,3=scan         XS-DANG =           0.000000E0  /  detector roll angle (degrees)                XS-MJDRD=                48043  /  integer portion of mjd for SC clock start    XS-MJDRF= 8.797453703700740E-1  /  fractional portion of mjd for SC clock start XS-EVREF=                    0  /  day offset from mjdrday to evenr start times XS-TBASE=  0.000000000000000E0  /  seconds from s/c clock start to obs start    XS-ONTI =  1.476600000000000E4  /  on time (seconds)                            XS-LIVTI=  1.476600000000000E4  /  live time (seconds)                          XS-DTCOR=           1.000000E0  /  dead time correction                         XS-BKDEN=           0.000000E0  /  bkgd density cts/arcmin**2                   XS-MINLT=           0.000000E0  /  min live time factor                         XS-MAXLT=           0.000000E0  /  max live time factor                         XS-XAOPT=           0.000000E0  /  avg. opt. axis x in degrees from tangent planXS-YAOPT=           0.000000E0  /  avg. opt. axis y in degrees from tangent planXS-XAOFF=           0.000000E0  /  avg x aspect offset (degrees)                XS-YAOFF=           0.000000E0  /  avg y aspect offset (degrees)                XS-RAROT=           0.000000E0  /  avg aspect rotation (degrees)                XS-XARMS=           0.000000E0  /  avg x aspect RMS (arcsec)                    XS-YARMS=           0.000000E0  /  avg y aspect RMS (arcsec)                    XS-RARMS=           0.000000E0  /  avg aspect rotation RMS (degrees)            XS-RAPT =           8.588000E1  /  nominal right ascension (degrees)            XS-DECPT=           6.926986E1  /  nominal declination (degrees)                XS-XPT  =                 4096  /  target pointing direction (pixels)           XS-YPT  =                 4096  /  target pointing direction (pixels)           XS-XDET =                 8192  /  x dimen. of detector                         XS-YDET =                 8192  /  y dimen. of detector                         XS-FOV  =                    0  /  field of view (degrees)                      XS-INPXX=          2.595021E-4  /  original degrees per pixel                   XS-INPXY=          2.595021E-4  /  original degrees per pixel                   XS-XDOPT=           4.119000E3  /  detector opt. axis x in detector pixels      XS-YDOPT=           3.929000E3  /  detector opt. axis y in detector pixels      XS-CHANS=                  256  /  pha channels                                 TDISP4  = 'I12     '                                                            HISTORY   modified by pence on Thu Apr 24 15:04:08 EDT 1997                     HISTORY   modified by pence on Thu Apr 24 15:07:24 EDT 1997                     TDISP5  = 'I4      '                                                            HISTORY   modified by pence on Thu Apr 24 16:06:08 EDT 1997                     HISTORY   File modified by user 'pence' with fv  on 97-11-25T14:34:58           HISTORY   File modified by user 'pence' with fv  on 98-01-12T14:03:09           HISTORY   File modified by user 'pence' with fv  on 98-02-06T15:18:24           END                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             óµA”ÑU=àq1±&ØA”ÑUAÀ	=#t6A”ÑVo€ö(²RA”ÑX/@¸)P#½FA”ÑX‰@Y[	ƒA”ÑXÕÀê
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A”ÑZÈEàcfitsio-4.3.1/cfitsio-config.cmake.in0000644000225700000360000000247314456514035016774 0ustar  cagordonlhea#@PACKAGE_INIT@

#set_and_check (CFITSIO_INCLUDE_DIRS "@PACKAGE_CFITSIO_INCLUDE_DIRS@")

#include ("${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/cfitsioTargets.cmake")

# - Config file for the MyLib package
# It defines the following variables
#  MYLIB_INCLUDE_DIRS - include directories for MyLib
#  MYLIB_LIBRARIES    - libraries to link against
#  MYLIB_EXECUTABLE   - the bar executable

# Compute paths
#get_filename_component(CFITSIO_CMAKE_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_FILE}" PATH)
#set(CFITSIO_INCLUDE_DIRS "@CONF_INCLUDE_DIRS@")

# These are IMPORTED targets created by ${LIB_NAME}Targets.cmake
#set(CFITSIO_LIBRARIES ${LIB_NAME})

# Our library dependencies (contains definitions for IMPORTED targets)
#if(NOT TARGET ${LIB_NAME} AND NOT CFITSIO_BINARY_DIR)
#  include("${CFITSIO_CMAKE_DIR}/cfitsio-targets.cmake")
#endif()

# Compute installation prefix relative to this file.
get_filename_component(_dir "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_FILE}" PATH)
get_filename_component(_prefix "${_dir}/../.." ABSOLUTE)

# Import the targets.
include("${_prefix}/lib/cmake/cfitsio/cfitsio-targets.cmake")

# Report other information.
set(cfitsio_INCLUDE_DIRS "${_prefix}/include/cfitsio-@version@")

# Our library dependencies (contains definitions for IMPORTED targets)
if(NOT TARGET ${LIB_NAME}::${LIB_NAME})
  include("${CFITSIO_CMAKE_DIR}/cfitsio-targets.cmake")
endif()
cfitsio-4.3.1/grparser.h0000644000225700000360000001313513472024437014454 0ustar  cagordonlhea/*		T E M P L A T E   P A R S E R   H E A D E R   F I L E
		=====================================================

		by Jerzy.Borkowski@obs.unige.ch

		Integral Science Data Center
		ch. d'Ecogia 16
		1290 Versoix
		Switzerland

14-Oct-98: initial release
16-Oct-98: reference to fitsio.h removed, also removed strings after #endif
		directives to make gcc -Wall not to complain
20-Oct-98: added declarations NGP_XTENSION_SIMPLE and NGP_XTENSION_FIRST
24-Oct-98: prototype of ngp_read_line() function updated.
22-Jan-99: prototype for ngp_set_extver() function added.
20-Jun-2002 Wm Pence, added support for the HIERARCH keyword convention
            (changed NGP_MAX_NAME from (20) to FLEN_KEYWORD)
*/

#ifndef	GRPARSER_H_INCLUDED
#define	GRPARSER_H_INCLUDED

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

	/* error codes  - now defined in fitsio.h */

	/* common constants definitions */

#define	NGP_ALLOCCHUNK		(1000)
#define	NGP_MAX_INCLUDE		(10)			/* include file nesting limit */
#define	NGP_MAX_COMMENT		(80)			/* max size for comment */
#define	NGP_MAX_NAME		FLEN_KEYWORD		/* max size for KEYWORD (FITS limits it to 8 chars) */
                                                        /* except HIERARCH can have longer effective keyword names */
#define	NGP_MAX_STRING		(80)			/* max size for various strings */
#define	NGP_MAX_ARRAY_DIM	(999)			/* max. number of dimensions in array */
#define NGP_MAX_FNAME           (1000)                  /* max size of combined path+fname */
#define	NGP_MAX_ENVFILES	(10000)			/* max size of CFITSIO_INCLUDE_FILES env. variable */

#define	NGP_TOKEN_UNKNOWN	(-1)			/* token type unknown */
#define	NGP_TOKEN_INCLUDE	(0)			/* \INCLUDE token */
#define	NGP_TOKEN_GROUP		(1)			/* \GROUP token */
#define	NGP_TOKEN_END		(2)			/* \END token */
#define	NGP_TOKEN_XTENSION	(3)			/* XTENSION token */
#define	NGP_TOKEN_SIMPLE	(4)			/* SIMPLE token */
#define	NGP_TOKEN_EOF		(5)			/* End Of File pseudo token */

#define	NGP_TTYPE_UNKNOWN	(0)			/* undef (yet) token type - invalid to print/write to disk */
#define	NGP_TTYPE_BOOL		(1)			/* boolean, it is 'T' or 'F' */
#define	NGP_TTYPE_STRING	(2)			/* something withing "" or starting with letter */
#define	NGP_TTYPE_INT		(3)			/* starting with digit and not with '.' */
#define	NGP_TTYPE_REAL		(4)			/* digits + '.' */
#define	NGP_TTYPE_COMPLEX	(5)			/* 2 reals, separated with ',' */
#define	NGP_TTYPE_NULL		(6)			/* NULL token, format is : NAME = / comment */
#define	NGP_TTYPE_RAW		(7)			/* HISTORY/COMMENT/8SPACES + comment string without / */

#define	NGP_FOUND_EQUAL_SIGN	(1)			/* line contains '=' after keyword name */

#define	NGP_FORMAT_OK		(0)			/* line format OK */
#define	NGP_FORMAT_ERROR	(1)			/* line format error */

#define	NGP_NODE_INVALID	(0)			/* default node type - invalid (to catch errors) */
#define	NGP_NODE_IMAGE		(1)			/* IMAGE type */
#define	NGP_NODE_ATABLE		(2)			/* ASCII table type */
#define	NGP_NODE_BTABLE		(3)			/* BINARY table type */

#define	NGP_NON_SYSTEM_ONLY	(0)			/* save all keywords except NAXIS,BITPIX,etc.. */
#define	NGP_REALLY_ALL		(1)			/* save really all keywords */

#define	NGP_XTENSION_SIMPLE	(1)			/* HDU defined with SIMPLE T */
#define	NGP_XTENSION_FIRST	(2)			/* this is first extension in template */

#define	NGP_LINE_REREAD		(1)			/* reread line */

#define	NGP_BITPIX_INVALID	(-12345)		/* default BITPIX (to catch errors) */

	/* common macro definitions */

#ifdef	NGP_PARSER_DEBUG_MALLOC

#define	ngp_alloc(x)		dal_malloc(x)
#define	ngp_free(x)		dal_free(x)
#define	ngp_realloc(x,y)	dal_realloc(x,y)

#else

#define	ngp_alloc(x)		malloc(x)
#define	ngp_free(x)		free(x)
#define	ngp_realloc(x,y)	realloc(x,y)

#endif

	/* type definitions */

typedef struct NGP_RAW_LINE_STRUCT
      {	char	*line;
	char	*name;
	char	*value;
	int	type;
	char	*comment;
	int	format;
	int	flags;
      } NGP_RAW_LINE;


typedef union NGP_TOKVAL_UNION
      {	char	*s;		/* space allocated separately, be careful !!! */
	char	b;
	int	i;
	double	d;
	struct NGP_COMPLEX_STRUCT
	 { double re;
	   double im;
	 } c;			/* complex value */
      } NGP_TOKVAL;


typedef struct NGP_TOKEN_STRUCT
      { int		type;
        char		name[NGP_MAX_NAME];
        NGP_TOKVAL	value;
        char		comment[NGP_MAX_COMMENT];
      } NGP_TOKEN;


typedef struct NGP_HDU_STRUCT
      {	int		tokcnt;
        NGP_TOKEN	*tok;
      } NGP_HDU;


typedef struct NGP_TKDEF_STRUCT
      {	char	*name;
	int	code;
      } NGP_TKDEF;


typedef struct NGP_EXTVER_TAB_STRUCT
      {	char	*extname;
	int	version;
      } NGP_EXTVER_TAB;


	/* globally visible variables declarations */

extern	NGP_RAW_LINE	ngp_curline;
extern	NGP_RAW_LINE	ngp_prevline;

extern	int		ngp_extver_tab_size;
extern	NGP_EXTVER_TAB	*ngp_extver_tab;


	/* globally visible functions declarations */

int	ngp_get_extver(char *extname, int *version);
int	ngp_set_extver(char *extname, int version);
int	ngp_delete_extver_tab(void);
int	ngp_line_from_file(FILE *fp, char **p);
int	ngp_free_line(void);
int	ngp_free_prevline(void);
int	ngp_read_line_buffered(FILE *fp);
int	ngp_unread_line(void);
int	ngp_extract_tokens(NGP_RAW_LINE *cl);
int	ngp_include_file(char *fname);
int	ngp_read_line(int ignore_blank_lines);
int	ngp_keyword_is_write(NGP_TOKEN *ngp_tok);
int     ngp_keyword_all_write(NGP_HDU *ngph, fitsfile *ffp, int mode);
int	ngp_hdu_init(NGP_HDU *ngph);
int	ngp_hdu_clear(NGP_HDU *ngph);
int	ngp_hdu_insert_token(NGP_HDU *ngph, NGP_TOKEN *newtok);
int	ngp_append_columns(fitsfile *ff, NGP_HDU *ngph, int aftercol);
int	ngp_read_xtension(fitsfile *ff, int parent_hn, int simple_mode);
int	ngp_read_group(fitsfile *ff, char *grpname, int parent_hn);

		/* top level API function - now defined in fitsio.h */

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

#endif
cfitsio-4.3.1/getcoluj.c0000644000225700000360000044147113472024437014446 0ustar  cagordonlhea/*  This file, getcoluj.c, contains routines that read data elements from  */
/*  a FITS image or table, with unsigned long data type.                   */

/*  The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy    */
/*  Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA      */
/*  Goddard Space Flight Center.                                           */

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include "fitsio2.h"

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgpvuj(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,      /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
            LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
   unsigned long  nulval,     /* I - value for undefined pixels              */
   unsigned long  *array,     /* O - array of values that are returned       */
            int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being read).
  Undefined elements will be set equal to NULVAL, unless NULVAL=0
  in which case no checking for undefined values will be performed.
  ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined.
*/
{
    long row;
    char cdummy;
    int nullcheck = 1;
    unsigned long nullvalue;

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */
        nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */

        fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TULONG, firstelem, nelem,
            nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffgcluj(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval,
               array, &cdummy, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgpfuj(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,      /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
            LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
   unsigned long  *array,     /* O - array of values that are returned       */
            char *nularray,   /* O - array of null pixel flags               */
            int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being read).
  Any undefined pixels in the returned array will be set = 0 and the 
  corresponding nularray value will be set = 1.
  ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined.
*/
{
    long row;
    int nullcheck = 2;

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TULONG, firstelem, nelem,
            nullcheck, NULL, array, nularray, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffgcluj(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0L,
               array, nularray, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffg2duj(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           long  group,     /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
  unsigned long  nulval,    /* set undefined pixels equal to this          */
           LONGLONG  ncols,     /* I - number of pixels in each row of array   */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value                 */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value                 */
  unsigned long  *array,    /* O - array to be filled and returned         */
           int  *anynul,    /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an entire 2-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being read).  Any null
  values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless
  nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed.
*/
{
    /* call the 3D reading routine, with the 3rd dimension = 1 */

    ffg3duj(fptr, group, nulval, ncols, naxis2, naxis1, naxis2, 1, array, 
           anynul, status);

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffg3duj(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           long  group,     /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
  unsigned long  nulval,    /* set undefined pixels equal to this          */
           LONGLONG  ncols,     /* I - number of pixels in each row of array   */
           LONGLONG  nrows,     /* I - number of rows in each plane of array   */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value                 */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value                 */
           LONGLONG  naxis3,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS3 value                 */
  unsigned long  *array,    /* O - array to be filled and returned         */
           int  *anynul,    /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an entire 3-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being read).  Any null
  values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless
  nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed.
*/
{
    long tablerow, ii, jj;
    char cdummy;
    int nullcheck = 1;
    long inc[] = {1,1,1};
    LONGLONG fpixel[] = {1,1,1}, nfits, narray;
    LONGLONG lpixel[3];
    unsigned long nullvalue;

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        lpixel[0] = ncols;
        lpixel[1] = nrows;
        lpixel[2] = naxis3;
        nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */

        fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TULONG, fpixel, lpixel, inc,
            nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */
    tablerow=maxvalue(1,group);

    if (ncols == naxis1 && nrows == naxis2)  /* arrays have same size? */
    {
       /* all the image pixels are contiguous, so read all at once */
       ffgcluj(fptr, 2, tablerow, 1, naxis1 * naxis2 * naxis3, 1, 1, nulval,
               array, &cdummy, anynul, status);
       return(*status);
    }

    if (ncols < naxis1 || nrows < naxis2)
       return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);

    nfits = 1;   /* next pixel in FITS image to read */
    narray = 0;  /* next pixel in output array to be filled */

    /* loop over naxis3 planes in the data cube */
    for (jj = 0; jj < naxis3; jj++)
    {
      /* loop over the naxis2 rows in the FITS image, */
      /* reading naxis1 pixels to each row            */

      for (ii = 0; ii < naxis2; ii++)
      {
       if (ffgcluj(fptr, 2, tablerow, nfits, naxis1, 1, 1, nulval,
          &array[narray], &cdummy, anynul, status) > 0)
          return(*status);

       nfits += naxis1;
       narray += ncols;
      }
      narray += (nrows - naxis2) * ncols;
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgsvuj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                         */
           int  colnum,    /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st)    */
           int naxis,      /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array    */
           long  *naxes,   /* I - size of each dimension                    */
           long  *blc,     /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection    */
           long  *trc,     /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection      */
           long  *inc,     /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */
  unsigned long nulval,    /* I - value to set undefined pixels             */
  unsigned long *array,    /* O - array to be filled and returned           */
           int  *anynul,   /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0   */
           int  *status)   /* IO - error status                             */
/*
  Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column.
  This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions.
*/
{
    long ii,i0, i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,row,rstr,rstp,rinc;
    long str[9],stp[9],incr[9];
    long nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol;
    LONGLONG felem, dsize[10], blcll[9], trcll[9];
    int hdutype, anyf;
    char ldummy, msg[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    int nullcheck = 1;
    unsigned long nullvalue;

    if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9)
    {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvuj is out of range", naxis);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);
    }

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) {
	    blcll[ii] = blc[ii];
	    trcll[ii] = trc[ii];
	}

        nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */

        fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TULONG, blcll, trcll, inc,
            nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

/*
    if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should
    be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image
    data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1).
*/
    if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
        /* this is a primary array, or image extension */
        if (colnum == 0)
        {
            rstr = 1;
            rstp = 1;
        }
        else
        {
            rstr = colnum;
            rstp = colnum;
        }
        rinc = 1;
        numcol = 2;
    }
    else
    {
        /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */
        rstr = blc[naxis];
        rstp = trc[naxis];
        rinc = inc[naxis];
        numcol = colnum;
    }

    nultyp = 1;
    if (anynul)
        *anynul = FALSE;

    i0 = 0;
    for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++)
    {
        str[ii] = 1;
        stp[ii] = 1;
        incr[ii] = 1;
        dsize[ii] = 1;
    }

    for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++)
    {
      if (trc[ii] < blc[ii])
      {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvuj: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM);
      }

      str[ii] = blc[ii];
      stp[ii] = trc[ii];
      incr[ii] = inc[ii];
      dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii];
    }

    if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1)
    {
      /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */
      nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1;
      ninc = rinc;
      rstp = rstr;
    }
    else
    {
      /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */
      nelem = (stp[0] - str[0]) / inc[0] + 1;
      ninc = incr[0];
    }

    for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc)
    {
     for (i8 = str[8]; i8 <= stp[8]; i8 += incr[8])
     {
      for (i7 = str[7]; i7 <= stp[7]; i7 += incr[7])
      {
       for (i6 = str[6]; i6 <= stp[6]; i6 += incr[6])
       {
        for (i5 = str[5]; i5 <= stp[5]; i5 += incr[5])
        {
         for (i4 = str[4]; i4 <= stp[4]; i4 += incr[4])
         {
          for (i3 = str[3]; i3 <= stp[3]; i3 += incr[3])
          {
           for (i2 = str[2]; i2 <= stp[2]; i2 += incr[2])
           {
            for (i1 = str[1]; i1 <= stp[1]; i1 += incr[1])
            {
              felem=str[0] + (i1 - 1) * dsize[1] + (i2 - 1) * dsize[2] + 
                             (i3 - 1) * dsize[3] + (i4 - 1) * dsize[4] +
                             (i5 - 1) * dsize[5] + (i6 - 1) * dsize[6] +
                             (i7 - 1) * dsize[7] + (i8 - 1) * dsize[8];

              if ( ffgcluj(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp,
                   nulval, &array[i0], &ldummy, &anyf, status) > 0)
                   return(*status);

              if (anyf && anynul)
                  *anynul = TRUE;

              i0 += nelem;
            }
           }
          }
         }
        }
       }
      }
     }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgsfuj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                         */
           int  colnum,    /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st)    */
           int naxis,      /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array    */
           long  *naxes,   /* I - size of each dimension                    */
           long  *blc,     /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection    */
           long  *trc,     /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection      */
           long  *inc,     /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */
  unsigned long *array,    /* O - array to be filled and returned           */
           char *flagval,  /* O - set to 1 if corresponding value is null   */
           int  *anynul,   /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0   */
           int  *status)   /* IO - error status                             */
/*
  Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column.
  This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions.
*/
{
    long ii,i0, i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,row,rstr,rstp,rinc;
    long str[9],stp[9],incr[9],dsize[10];
    LONGLONG blcll[9], trcll[9];
    long felem, nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol;
    unsigned long nulval = 0;
    int hdutype, anyf;
    char msg[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    int nullcheck = 2;

    if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9)
    {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvj is out of range", naxis);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);
    }

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) {
	    blcll[ii] = blc[ii];
	    trcll[ii] = trc[ii];
	}

        fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TULONG, blcll, trcll, inc,
            nullcheck, NULL, array, flagval, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

/*
    if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should
    be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image
    data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1).
*/
    if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
        /* this is a primary array, or image extension */
        if (colnum == 0)
        {
            rstr = 1;
            rstp = 1;
        }
        else
        {
            rstr = colnum;
            rstp = colnum;
        }
        rinc = 1;
        numcol = 2;
    }
    else
    {
        /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */
        rstr = blc[naxis];
        rstp = trc[naxis];
        rinc = inc[naxis];
        numcol = colnum;
    }

    nultyp = 2;
    if (anynul)
        *anynul = FALSE;

    i0 = 0;
    for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++)
    {
        str[ii] = 1;
        stp[ii] = 1;
        incr[ii] = 1;
        dsize[ii] = 1;
    }

    for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++)
    {
      if (trc[ii] < blc[ii])
      {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvj: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM);
      }

      str[ii] = blc[ii];
      stp[ii] = trc[ii];
      incr[ii] = inc[ii];
      dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii];
    }

    if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1)
    {
      /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */
      nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1;
      ninc = rinc;
      rstp = rstr;
    }
    else
    {
      /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */
      nelem = (stp[0] - str[0]) / inc[0] + 1;
      ninc = incr[0];
    }

    for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc)
    {
     for (i8 = str[8]; i8 <= stp[8]; i8 += incr[8])
     {
      for (i7 = str[7]; i7 <= stp[7]; i7 += incr[7])
      {
       for (i6 = str[6]; i6 <= stp[6]; i6 += incr[6])
       {
        for (i5 = str[5]; i5 <= stp[5]; i5 += incr[5])
        {
         for (i4 = str[4]; i4 <= stp[4]; i4 += incr[4])
         {
          for (i3 = str[3]; i3 <= stp[3]; i3 += incr[3])
          {
           for (i2 = str[2]; i2 <= stp[2]; i2 += incr[2])
           {
            for (i1 = str[1]; i1 <= stp[1]; i1 += incr[1])
            {
              felem=str[0] + (i1 - 1) * dsize[1] + (i2 - 1) * dsize[2] + 
                             (i3 - 1) * dsize[3] + (i4 - 1) * dsize[4] +
                             (i5 - 1) * dsize[5] + (i6 - 1) * dsize[6] +
                             (i7 - 1) * dsize[7] + (i8 - 1) * dsize[8];

              if ( ffgcluj(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp,
                   nulval, &array[i0], &flagval[i0], &anyf, status) > 0)
                   return(*status);

              if (anyf && anynul)
                  *anynul = TRUE;

              i0 += nelem;
            }
           }
          }
         }
        }
       }
      }
     }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffggpuj(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,      /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
            long  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            long  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
   unsigned long  *array,     /* O - array of values that are returned       */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of group parameters from the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being read).
*/
{
    long row;
    int idummy;
    char cdummy;
    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffgcluj(fptr, 1, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0L,
               array, &cdummy, &idummy, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcvuj(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           int  colnum,      /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col)  */
           LONGLONG  firstrow,   /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row)         */
           LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
           LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
  unsigned long  nulval,     /* I - value for null pixels                   */
  unsigned long *array,      /* O - array of values that are read           */
           int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic
  datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not
  match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled 
  by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined.
  Any undefined pixels will be set equal to the value of 'nulval' unless
  nulval = 0 in which case no checks for undefined pixels will be made.
*/
{
    char cdummy;

    ffgcluj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval,
           array, &cdummy, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcfuj(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           int  colnum,      /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col)  */
           LONGLONG  firstrow,   /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row)         */
           LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
           LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
  unsigned long  *array,     /* O - array of values that are read           */
           char *nularray,   /* O - array of flags: 1 if null pixel; else 0 */
           int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic
  datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not
  match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled 
  by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined.
  Nularray will be set = 1 if the corresponding array pixel is undefined, 
  otherwise nularray will = 0.
*/
{
    unsigned long dummy = 0;

    ffgcluj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, dummy,
           array, nularray, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcluj(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            int  colnum,      /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col)  */
            LONGLONG  firstrow,   /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row)         */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
            long  elemincre,  /* I - pixel increment; e.g., 2 = every other  */
            int   nultyp,     /* I - null value handling code:               */
                              /*     1: set undefined pixels = nulval        */
                              /*     2: set nularray=1 for undefined pixels  */
   unsigned long  nulval,     /* I - value for null pixels if nultyp = 1     */
   unsigned long  *array,     /* O - array of values that are read           */
            char *nularray,   /* O - array of flags = 1 if nultyp = 2        */
            int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU.
  The column number may refer to a real column in an ASCII or binary table, 
  or it may refer be a virtual column in a 1 or more grouped FITS primary
  array or image extension.  FITSIO treats a primary array as a binary table
  with 2 vector columns: the first column contains the group parameters (often
  with length = 0) and the second column contains the array of image pixels.
  Each row of the table represents a group in the case of multigroup FITS
  images.

  The output array of values will be converted from the datatype of the column 
  and will be scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary.
*/
{
    double scale, zero, power = 1., dtemp;
    int tcode, maxelem2, hdutype, xcode, decimals;
    long twidth, incre;
    long ii, xwidth, ntodo;
    int nulcheck;
    LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, readptr, tnull;
    LONGLONG rowlen, rownum, remain, next, rowincre, maxelem;
    char tform[20];
    char message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    char snull[20];   /*  the FITS null value if reading from ASCII table  */

    double cbuff[DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double)]; /* align cbuff on word boundary */
    void *buffer;

    if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0)  /* inherit input status value if > 0 */
        return(*status);

    buffer = cbuff;

    if (anynul)
        *anynul = 0;

    if (nultyp == 2)
        memset(nularray, 0, (size_t) nelem);   /* initialize nullarray */

    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Check input and get parameters about the column: */
    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    if ( ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 0, &scale, &zero,
         tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem2, &startpos, &elemnum, &incre,
         &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0 )
         return(*status);
    maxelem = maxelem2;

    incre *= elemincre;   /* multiply incre to just get every nth pixel */

    if (tcode == TSTRING)    /* setup for ASCII tables */
    {
      /* get the number of implied decimal places if no explicit decmal point */
      ffasfm(tform, &xcode, &xwidth, &decimals, status); 
      for(ii = 0; ii < decimals; ii++)
        power *= 10.;
    }
    /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Decide whether to check for null values in the input FITS file: */
    /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    nulcheck = nultyp; /* by default check for null values in the FITS file */

    if (nultyp == 1 && nulval == 0)
       nulcheck = 0;    /* calling routine does not want to check for nulls */

    else if (tcode%10 == 1 &&        /* if reading an integer column, and  */ 
            tnull == NULL_UNDEFINED) /* if a null value is not defined,    */
            nulcheck = 0;            /* then do not check for null values. */

    else if (tcode == TSHORT && (tnull > SHRT_MAX || tnull < SHRT_MIN) )
            nulcheck = 0;            /* Impossible null value */

    else if (tcode == TBYTE && (tnull > 255 || tnull < 0) )
            nulcheck = 0;            /* Impossible null value */

    else if (tcode == TSTRING && snull[0] == ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED)
         nulcheck = 0;

    /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  If FITS column and output data array have same datatype, then we do */
    /*  not need to use a temporary buffer to store intermediate datatype.  */
    /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    if ((tcode == TLONG) && (LONGSIZE == 32))  /* Special Case:                        */
    {                             /* no type convertion required, so read */
                                  /* data directly into output buffer.    */

        if (nelem < (LONGLONG)INT32_MAX/4) {
            maxelem = nelem;
        } else {
            maxelem = INT32_MAX/4;
        }
    }

    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Now read the pixels from the FITS column. If the column does not   */
    /*  have the same datatype as the output array, then we have to read   */
    /*  the raw values into a temporary buffer (of limited size).  In      */
    /*  the case of a vector colum read only 1 vector of values at a time  */
    /*  then skip to the next row if more values need to be read.          */
    /*  After reading the raw values, then call the fffXXYY routine to (1) */
    /*  test for undefined values, (2) convert the datatype if necessary,  */
    /*  and (3) scale the values by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn linear      */
    /*  scaling parameters.                                                */
    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    remain = nelem;           /* remaining number of values to read */
    next = 0;                 /* next element in array to be read   */
    rownum = 0;               /* row number, relative to firstrow   */

    while (remain)
    {
        /* limit the number of pixels to read at one time to the number that
           will fit in the buffer or to the number of pixels that remain in
           the current vector, which ever is smaller.
        */
        ntodo = (long) minvalue(remain, maxelem);      
        ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, ((repeat - elemnum - 1)/elemincre +1));

        readptr = startpos + ((LONGLONG)rownum * rowlen) + (elemnum * (incre / elemincre));

        switch (tcode) 
        {
            case (TLONG):
	      if (LONGSIZE == 32) {
                ffgi4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (INT32BIT *) &array[next],
                       status);
                fffi4u4((INT32BIT *) &array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                         nulcheck, (INT32BIT) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next],
                         anynul, &array[next], status);
	      } else { /* case where sizeof(long) = 8 */
                ffgi4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (INT32BIT *) buffer,
                       status);
                fffi4u4((INT32BIT *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero,
                         nulcheck, (INT32BIT) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next],
                         anynul, &array[next], status);
	      }


                break;
            case (TLONGLONG):

                ffgi8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (long *) buffer, status);
                fffi8u4( (LONGLONG *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, 
                           nulcheck, tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], 
                            anynul, &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TBYTE):
                ffgi1b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (unsigned char *) buffer,
                       status);
                fffi1u4((unsigned char *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                     (unsigned char) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                     &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TSHORT):
                ffgi2b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (short  *) buffer, status);
                fffi2u4((short  *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                      (short) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                      &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TFLOAT):
                ffgr4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (float  *) buffer, status);
                fffr4u4((float  *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                       nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                       &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TDOUBLE):
                ffgr8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (double *) buffer, status);
                fffr8u4((double *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                          nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                          &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TSTRING):
                ffmbyt(fptr, readptr, REPORT_EOF, status);
       
                if (incre == twidth)    /* contiguous bytes */
                     ffgbyt(fptr, ntodo * twidth, buffer, status);
                else
                     ffgbytoff(fptr, twidth, ntodo, incre - twidth, buffer,
                               status);

                fffstru4((char *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, twidth, power,
                     nulcheck, snull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul,
                     &array[next], status);
                break;

            default:  /*  error trap for invalid column format */
                snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, 
                   "Cannot read numbers from column %d which has format %s",
                    colnum, tform);
                ffpmsg(message);
                if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL)
                    return(*status = BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT);
                else
                    return(*status = BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT);

        } /* End of switch block */

        /*-------------------------*/
        /*  Check for fatal error  */
        /*-------------------------*/
        if (*status > 0)  /* test for error during previous read operation */
        {
	  dtemp = (double) next;
          if (hdutype > 0)
            snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,
            "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from column %d (ffgcluj).",
              dtemp+1., dtemp+ntodo, colnum);
          else
            snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,
            "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from image (ffgcluj).",
              dtemp+1., dtemp+ntodo);

          ffpmsg(message);
          return(*status);
        }

        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        /*  increment the counters for the next loop  */
        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        remain -= ntodo;
        if (remain)
        {
            next += ntodo;
            elemnum = elemnum + (ntodo * elemincre);

            if (elemnum >= repeat)  /* completed a row; start on later row */
            {
                rowincre = elemnum / repeat;
                rownum += rowincre;
                elemnum = elemnum - (rowincre * repeat);
            }
        }
    }  /*  End of main while Loop  */


    /*--------------------------------*/
    /*  check for numerical overflow  */
    /*--------------------------------*/
    if (*status == OVERFLOW_ERR)
    {
        ffpmsg(
        "Numerical overflow during type conversion while reading FITS data.");
        *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi1u4(unsigned char *input, /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            unsigned char tnull,  /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
   unsigned long nullval,         /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
   unsigned long *output,         /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
                output[ii] = (unsigned long) input[ii];  /* copy input */
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DULONG_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DULONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned long) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned long) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DULONG_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DULONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned long) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi2u4(short *input,         /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            short tnull,          /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
   unsigned long nullval,         /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
   unsigned long *output,         /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < 0)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned long) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DULONG_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DULONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned long) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < 0)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned long) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DULONG_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DULONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned long) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi4u4(INT32BIT *input,      /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            INT32BIT tnull,       /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
   unsigned long nullval,         /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
   unsigned long *output,         /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 2147483648.)
        {       
           /* Instead of adding 2147483648, it is more efficient */
           /* to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) {
               output[ii] =  ( *(unsigned int *) &input[ii] ) ^ 0x80000000;
	    }
        }
        else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < 0)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned long) input[ii]; /* copy input */
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DULONG_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DULONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned long) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 2147483648.) 
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                   output[ii] =  ( *(unsigned int *) &input[ii] ) ^ 0x80000000;
            }
        }
        else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else if (input[ii] < 0)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned long) input[ii]; /* copy input */
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DULONG_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DULONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned long) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi8u4(LONGLONG *input,      /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            LONGLONG tnull,       /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
   unsigned long nullval,         /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
   unsigned long *output,         /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    ULONGLONG ulltemp;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero ==  9223372036854775808.)
        {       
            /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */
            /* Instead of adding 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */
            /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) {
 
                ulltemp = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000);

                if (ulltemp > ULONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned long) ulltemp;
            }
        }
        else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < 0)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > ULONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned long) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DULONG_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DULONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned long) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero ==  9223372036854775808.)
        {       
            /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */
            /* Instead of adding 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */
            /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) {
 
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    ulltemp = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000);

                    if (ulltemp > ULONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                    }
                    else
		    {
                        output[ii] = (unsigned long) ulltemp;
		    }
                }
            }
        }
        else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < 0)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > ULONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned long) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DULONG_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DULONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned long) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffr4u4(float *input,         /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
   unsigned long nullval,         /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
   unsigned long *output,         /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    short *sptr, iret;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < DULONG_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > DULONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned long) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DULONG_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DULONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned long) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        sptr = (short *) input;

#if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS
        sptr++;       /* point to MSBs */
#endif

        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                     output[ii] = 0;
              }
              else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < DULONG_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > DULONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned long) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {  
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                  { 
                    if (zero < DULONG_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (zero > DULONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                      output[ii] = (unsigned long) zero;
                  }
              }
              else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DULONG_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DULONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned long) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffr8u4(double *input,        /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
   unsigned long nullval,         /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
   unsigned long *output,         /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    short *sptr, iret;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < DULONG_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > DULONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned long) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DULONG_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DULONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned long) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        sptr = (short *) input;

#if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS
        sptr += 3;       /* point to MSBs */
#endif
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                     output[ii] = 0;
              }
              else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < DULONG_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > DULONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned long) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {  
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                  { 
                    if (zero < DULONG_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (zero > DULONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                      output[ii] = (unsigned long) zero;
                  }
              }
              else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DULONG_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DULONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned long) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffstru4(char *input,         /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            long twidth,          /* I - width of each substring of chars    */
            double implipower,    /* I - power of 10 of implied decimal      */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            char  *snull,         /* I - value of FITS null string, if any   */
   unsigned long nullval,         /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
   unsigned long *output,         /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check
  for null values and do scaling if required. The nullcheck code value
  determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null
  value is an input pixel that is equal to snull.  If nullcheck= 0, then
  no special checking for nulls is performed.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    int nullen;
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    char *cstring, message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    char *cptr, *tpos;
    char tempstore, chrzero = '0';
    double val, power;
    int exponent, sign, esign, decpt;

    nullen = strlen(snull);
    cptr = input;  /* pointer to start of input string */
    for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
    {
      cstring = cptr;
      /* temporarily insert a null terminator at end of the string */
      tpos = cptr + twidth;
      tempstore = *tpos;
      *tpos = 0;

      /* check if null value is defined, and if the    */
      /* column string is identical to the null string */
      if (snull[0] != ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED && 
         !strncmp(snull, cptr, nullen) )
      {
        if (nullcheck)  
        {
          *anynull = 1;    
          if (nullcheck == 1)
            output[ii] = nullval;
          else
            nullarray[ii] = 1;
        }
        cptr += twidth;
      }
      else
      {
        /* value is not the null value, so decode it */
        /* remove any embedded blank characters from the string */

        decpt = 0;
        sign = 1;
        val  = 0.;
        power = 1.;
        exponent = 0;
        esign = 1;

        while (*cptr == ' ')               /* skip leading blanks */
           cptr++;

        if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+')  /* check for leading sign */
        {
          if (*cptr == '-')
             sign = -1;

          cptr++;

          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip blanks between sign and value */
            cptr++;
        }

        while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9')
        {
          val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero;  /* accumulate the value */
          cptr++;

          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip embedded blanks in the value */
            cptr++;
        }

        if (*cptr == '.' || *cptr == ',')       /* check for decimal point */
        {
          decpt = 1;       /* set flag to show there was a decimal point */
          cptr++;
          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip any blanks */
            cptr++;

          while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9')
          {
            val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero;  /* accumulate the value */
            power = power * 10.;
            cptr++;

            while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip embedded blanks in the value */
              cptr++;
          }
        }

        if (*cptr == 'E' || *cptr == 'D')  /* check for exponent */
        {
          cptr++;
          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip blanks */
              cptr++;
  
          if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+')  /* check for exponent sign */
          {
            if (*cptr == '-')
               esign = -1;

            cptr++;

            while (*cptr == ' ')        /* skip blanks between sign and exp */
              cptr++;
          }

          while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9')
          {
            exponent = exponent * 10 + *cptr - chrzero;  /* accumulate exp */
            cptr++;

            while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip embedded blanks */
              cptr++;
          }
        }

        if (*cptr  != 0)  /* should end up at the null terminator */
        {
          snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Cannot read number from ASCII table");
          ffpmsg(message);
          snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Column field = %s.", cstring);
          ffpmsg(message);
          /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */
          *tpos = tempstore;
          return(*status = BAD_C2D);
        }

        if (!decpt)  /* if no explicit decimal, use implied */
           power = implipower;

        dvalue = (sign * val / power) * pow(10., (double) (esign * exponent));

        dvalue = dvalue * scale + zero;   /* apply the scaling */

        if (dvalue < DULONG_MIN)
        {
            *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
            output[ii] = 0;
        }
        else if (dvalue > DULONG_MAX)
        {
            *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
            output[ii] = ULONG_MAX;
        }
        else
            output[ii] = (unsigned long) dvalue;
      }
      /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */
      *tpos = tempstore;
    }
    return(*status);
}

/* ======================================================================== */
/*      the following routines support the 'long long' data type            */
/* ======================================================================== */

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgpvujj(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,      /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
            LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
            ULONGLONG  nulval, /* I - value for undefined pixels              */
            ULONGLONG  *array, /* O - array of values that are returned       */
            int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being read).
  Undefined elements will be set equal to NULVAL, unless NULVAL=0
  in which case no checking for undefined values will be performed.
  ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined.
*/
{
    long row;
    char cdummy;
    int nullcheck = 1;
    ULONGLONG nullvalue;

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */
         nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */

        fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TULONGLONG, firstelem, nelem,
            nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffgclujj(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval,
               array, &cdummy, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgpfujj(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,      /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
            LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
            ULONGLONG  *array, /* O - array of values that are returned       */
            char *nularray,   /* O - array of null pixel flags               */
            int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being read).
  Any undefined pixels in the returned array will be set = 0 and the 
  corresponding nularray value will be set = 1.
  ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined.
*/
{
    long row;
    int nullcheck = 2;
    ULONGLONG dummy = 0;

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TULONGLONG, firstelem, nelem,
            nullcheck, NULL, array, nularray, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffgclujj(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, dummy,
               array, nularray, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffg2dujj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           long  group,     /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
           ULONGLONG nulval ,/* set undefined pixels equal to this          */
           LONGLONG  ncols,     /* I - number of pixels in each row of array   */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value                 */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value                 */
           ULONGLONG  *array,/* O - array to be filled and returned         */
           int  *anynul,    /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an entire 2-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being read).  Any null
  values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless
  nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed.
*/
{
    /* call the 3D reading routine, with the 3rd dimension = 1 */

    ffg3dujj(fptr, group, nulval, ncols, naxis2, naxis1, naxis2, 1, array, 
           anynul, status);

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffg3dujj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           long  group,     /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
           ULONGLONG nulval, /* set undefined pixels equal to this          */
           LONGLONG  ncols,     /* I - number of pixels in each row of array   */
           LONGLONG  nrows,     /* I - number of rows in each plane of array   */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value                 */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value                 */
           LONGLONG  naxis3,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS3 value                 */
           ULONGLONG  *array,/* O - array to be filled and returned         */
           int  *anynul,    /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an entire 3-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being read).  Any null
  values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless
  nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed.
*/
{
    long tablerow, ii, jj;
    char cdummy;
    int nullcheck = 1;
    long inc[] = {1,1,1};
    LONGLONG fpixel[] = {1,1,1}, nfits, narray;
    LONGLONG lpixel[3];
    ULONGLONG nullvalue;

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        lpixel[0] = ncols;
        lpixel[1] = nrows;
        lpixel[2] = naxis3;
        nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */

        fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TULONGLONG, fpixel, lpixel, inc,
            nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */
    tablerow=maxvalue(1,group);

    if (ncols == naxis1 && nrows == naxis2)  /* arrays have same size? */
    {
       /* all the image pixels are contiguous, so read all at once */
       ffgclujj(fptr, 2, tablerow, 1, naxis1 * naxis2 * naxis3, 1, 1, nulval,
               array, &cdummy, anynul, status);
       return(*status);
    }

    if (ncols < naxis1 || nrows < naxis2)
       return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);

    nfits = 1;   /* next pixel in FITS image to read */
    narray = 0;  /* next pixel in output array to be filled */

    /* loop over naxis3 planes in the data cube */
    for (jj = 0; jj < naxis3; jj++)
    {
      /* loop over the naxis2 rows in the FITS image, */
      /* reading naxis1 pixels to each row            */

      for (ii = 0; ii < naxis2; ii++)
      {
       if (ffgclujj(fptr, 2, tablerow, nfits, naxis1, 1, 1, nulval,
          &array[narray], &cdummy, anynul, status) > 0)
          return(*status);

       nfits += naxis1;
       narray += ncols;
      }
      narray += (nrows - naxis2) * ncols;
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgsvujj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                         */
           int  colnum,    /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st)    */
           int naxis,      /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array    */
           long  *naxes,   /* I - size of each dimension                    */
           long  *blc,     /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection    */
           long  *trc,     /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection      */
           long  *inc,     /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */
           ULONGLONG nulval,/* I - value to set undefined pixels             */
           ULONGLONG *array,/* O - array to be filled and returned           */
           int  *anynul,   /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0   */
           int  *status)   /* IO - error status                             */
/*
  Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column.
  This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions.
*/
{
    long ii,i0, i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,row,rstr,rstp,rinc;
    long str[9],stp[9],incr[9],dir[9];
    long nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol;
    LONGLONG felem, dsize[10], blcll[9], trcll[9];
    int hdutype, anyf;
    char ldummy, msg[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    int nullcheck = 1;
    ULONGLONG nullvalue;

    if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9)
    {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG, "NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvj is out of range", naxis);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);
    }

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) {
	    blcll[ii] = blc[ii];
	    trcll[ii] = trc[ii];
	}

        nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */

        fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TULONGLONG, blcll, trcll, inc,
            nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

/*
    if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should
    be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image
    data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1).
*/
    if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
        /* this is a primary array, or image extension */
        if (colnum == 0)
        {
            rstr = 1;
            rstp = 1;
        }
        else
        {
            rstr = colnum;
            rstp = colnum;
        }
        rinc = 1;
        numcol = 2;
    }
    else
    {
        /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */
        rstr = blc[naxis];
        rstp = trc[naxis];
        rinc = inc[naxis];
        numcol = colnum;
    }

    nultyp = 1;
    if (anynul)
        *anynul = FALSE;

    i0 = 0;
    for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++)
    {
        str[ii] = 1;
        stp[ii] = 1;
        incr[ii] = 1;
        dsize[ii] = 1;
        dir[ii] = 1;
    }

    for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++)
    {
      if (trc[ii] < blc[ii])
      {
        if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
        {
           dir[ii] = -1;
        }
        else
        {
          snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvj: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1);
          ffpmsg(msg);
          return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM);
        }
      }

      str[ii] = blc[ii];
      stp[ii] = trc[ii];
      incr[ii] = inc[ii];
      dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii];
      dsize[ii] = dsize[ii] * dir[ii];
    }
    dsize[naxis] = dsize[naxis] * dir[naxis];

    if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1)
    {
      /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */
      nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1;
      ninc = rinc;
      rstp = rstr;
    }
    else
    {
      /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */
      nelem = (stp[0]*dir[0] - str[0]*dir[0]) / inc[0] + 1;
      ninc = incr[0] * dir[0];
    }

    for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc)
    {
     for (i8 = str[8]*dir[8]; i8 <= stp[8]*dir[8]; i8 += incr[8])
     {
      for (i7 = str[7]*dir[7]; i7 <= stp[7]*dir[7]; i7 += incr[7])
      {
       for (i6 = str[6]*dir[6]; i6 <= stp[6]*dir[6]; i6 += incr[6])
       {
        for (i5 = str[5]*dir[5]; i5 <= stp[5]*dir[5]; i5 += incr[5])
        {
         for (i4 = str[4]*dir[4]; i4 <= stp[4]*dir[4]; i4 += incr[4])
         {
          for (i3 = str[3]*dir[3]; i3 <= stp[3]*dir[3]; i3 += incr[3])
          {
           for (i2 = str[2]*dir[2]; i2 <= stp[2]*dir[2]; i2 += incr[2])
           {
            for (i1 = str[1]*dir[1]; i1 <= stp[1]*dir[1]; i1 += incr[1])
            {

              felem=str[0] + (i1 - dir[1]) * dsize[1] + (i2 - dir[2]) * dsize[2] + 
                             (i3 - dir[3]) * dsize[3] + (i4 - dir[4]) * dsize[4] +
                             (i5 - dir[5]) * dsize[5] + (i6 - dir[6]) * dsize[6] +
                             (i7 - dir[7]) * dsize[7] + (i8 - dir[8]) * dsize[8];

              if ( ffgclujj(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp,
                   nulval, &array[i0], &ldummy, &anyf, status) > 0)
                   return(*status);

              if (anyf && anynul)
                  *anynul = TRUE;

              i0 += nelem;
            }
           }
          }
         }
        }
       }
      }
     }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgsfujj(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                         */
           int  colnum,    /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st)    */
           int naxis,      /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array    */
           long  *naxes,   /* I - size of each dimension                    */
           long  *blc,     /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection    */
           long  *trc,     /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection      */
           long  *inc,     /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */
           ULONGLONG *array,/* O - array to be filled and returned           */
           char *flagval,  /* O - set to 1 if corresponding value is null   */
           int  *anynul,   /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0   */
           int  *status)   /* IO - error status                             */
/*
  Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column.
  This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions.
*/
{
    long ii,i0, i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,row,rstr,rstp,rinc;
    long str[9],stp[9],incr[9],dsize[10];
    LONGLONG blcll[9], trcll[9];
    long felem, nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol;
    ULONGLONG nulval = 0;
    int hdutype, anyf;
    char msg[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    int nullcheck = 2;

    if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9)
    {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvj is out of range", naxis);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);
    }

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) {
	    blcll[ii] = blc[ii];
	    trcll[ii] = trc[ii];
	}

         fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TULONGLONG, blcll, trcll, inc,
            nullcheck, NULL, array, flagval, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

/*
    if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should
    be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image
    data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1).
*/
    if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
        /* this is a primary array, or image extension */
        if (colnum == 0)
        {
            rstr = 1;
            rstp = 1;
        }
        else
        {
            rstr = colnum;
            rstp = colnum;
        }
        rinc = 1;
        numcol = 2;
    }
    else
    {
        /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */
        rstr = blc[naxis];
        rstp = trc[naxis];
        rinc = inc[naxis];
        numcol = colnum;
    }

    nultyp = 2;
    if (anynul)
        *anynul = FALSE;

    i0 = 0;
    for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++)
    {
        str[ii] = 1;
        stp[ii] = 1;
        incr[ii] = 1;
        dsize[ii] = 1;
    }

    for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++)
    {
      if (trc[ii] < blc[ii])
      {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvujj: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM);
      }

      str[ii] = blc[ii];
      stp[ii] = trc[ii];
      incr[ii] = inc[ii];
      dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii];
    }

    if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1)
    {
      /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */
      nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1;
      ninc = rinc;
      rstp = rstr;
    }
    else
    {
      /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */
      nelem = (stp[0] - str[0]) / inc[0] + 1;
      ninc = incr[0];
    }

    for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc)
    {
     for (i8 = str[8]; i8 <= stp[8]; i8 += incr[8])
     {
      for (i7 = str[7]; i7 <= stp[7]; i7 += incr[7])
      {
       for (i6 = str[6]; i6 <= stp[6]; i6 += incr[6])
       {
        for (i5 = str[5]; i5 <= stp[5]; i5 += incr[5])
        {
         for (i4 = str[4]; i4 <= stp[4]; i4 += incr[4])
         {
          for (i3 = str[3]; i3 <= stp[3]; i3 += incr[3])
          {
           for (i2 = str[2]; i2 <= stp[2]; i2 += incr[2])
           {
            for (i1 = str[1]; i1 <= stp[1]; i1 += incr[1])
            {
              felem=str[0] + (i1 - 1) * dsize[1] + (i2 - 1) * dsize[2] + 
                             (i3 - 1) * dsize[3] + (i4 - 1) * dsize[4] +
                             (i5 - 1) * dsize[5] + (i6 - 1) * dsize[6] +
                             (i7 - 1) * dsize[7] + (i8 - 1) * dsize[8];

              if ( ffgclujj(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp,
                   nulval, &array[i0], &flagval[i0], &anyf, status) > 0)
                   return(*status);

              if (anyf && anynul)
                  *anynul = TRUE;

              i0 += nelem;
            }
           }
          }
         }
        }
       }
      }
     }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffggpujj(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,      /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
            long  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            long  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
            ULONGLONG  *array, /* O - array of values that are returned       */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of group parameters from the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being read).
*/
{
    long row;
    int idummy;
    char cdummy;
    ULONGLONG dummy = 0;

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffgclujj(fptr, 1, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, dummy,
               array, &cdummy, &idummy, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcvujj(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           int  colnum,      /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col)  */
           LONGLONG  firstrow,   /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row)         */
           LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
           LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
           ULONGLONG  nulval, /* I - value for null pixels                   */
           ULONGLONG *array,  /* O - array of values that are read           */
           int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic
  datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not
  match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled 
  by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined.
  Any undefined pixels will be set equal to the value of 'nulval' unless
  nulval = 0 in which case no checks for undefined pixels will be made.
*/
{
    char cdummy;

    ffgclujj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval,
           array, &cdummy, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcfujj(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           int  colnum,      /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col)  */
           LONGLONG  firstrow,   /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row)         */
           LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
           LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
           ULONGLONG  *array, /* O - array of values that are read           */
           char *nularray,   /* O - array of flags: 1 if null pixel; else 0 */
           int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic
  datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not
  match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled 
  by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined.
  Nularray will be set = 1 if the corresponding array pixel is undefined, 
  otherwise nularray will = 0.
*/
{
    ULONGLONG dummy = 0;

    ffgclujj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, dummy,
           array, nularray, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgclujj( fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            int  colnum,      /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col)  */
            LONGLONG  firstrow,   /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row)         */
            LONGLONG firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
            long  elemincre,  /* I - pixel increment; e.g., 2 = every other  */
            int   nultyp,     /* I - null value handling code:               */
                              /*     1: set undefined pixels = nulval        */
                              /*     2: set nularray=1 for undefined pixels  */
            ULONGLONG  nulval, /* I - value for null pixels if nultyp = 1     */
            ULONGLONG  *array, /* O - array of values that are read           */
            char *nularray,   /* O - array of flags = 1 if nultyp = 2        */
            int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU.
  The column number may refer to a real column in an ASCII or binary table, 
  or it may refer be a virtual column in a 1 or more grouped FITS primary
  array or image extension.  FITSIO treats a primary array as a binary table
  with 2 vector columns: the first column contains the group parameters (often
  with length = 0) and the second column contains the array of image pixels.
  Each row of the table represents a group in the case of multigroup FITS
  images.

  The output array of values will be converted from the datatype of the column 
  and will be scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary.
*/
{
    double scale, zero, power = 1., dtemp;
    int tcode, maxelem2, hdutype, xcode, decimals;
    long twidth, incre;
    long ii, xwidth, ntodo;
    int convert, nulcheck, readcheck = 0;
    LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, readptr, tnull;
    LONGLONG rowlen, rownum, remain, next, rowincre, maxelem;
    char tform[20];
    char message[81];
    char snull[20];   /*  the FITS null value if reading from ASCII table  */

    double cbuff[DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double)]; /* align cbuff on word boundary */
    void *buffer;

    if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0)  /* inherit input status value if > 0 */
        return(*status);

    buffer = cbuff;

    if (anynul)
        *anynul = 0;

    if (nultyp == 2)
        memset(nularray, 0, (size_t) nelem);   /* initialize nullarray */

    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Check input and get parameters about the column: */
    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    if (elemincre < 0)
        readcheck = -1;  /* don't do range checking in this case */

    if (ffgcprll(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, readcheck, &scale, &zero,
         tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem2, &startpos, &elemnum, &incre,
         &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0 )
         return(*status);
    maxelem = maxelem2;

    incre *= elemincre;   /* multiply incre to just get every nth pixel */

    if (tcode == TSTRING)    /* setup for ASCII tables */
    {
      /* get the number of implied decimal places if no explicit decmal point */
      ffasfm(tform, &xcode, &xwidth, &decimals, status); 
      for(ii = 0; ii < decimals; ii++)
        power *= 10.;
    }
    /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Decide whether to check for null values in the input FITS file: */
    /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    nulcheck = nultyp; /* by default check for null values in the FITS file */

    if (nultyp == 1 && nulval == 0)
       nulcheck = 0;    /* calling routine does not want to check for nulls */

    else if (tcode%10 == 1 &&        /* if reading an integer column, and  */ 
            tnull == NULL_UNDEFINED) /* if a null value is not defined,    */
            nulcheck = 0;            /* then do not check for null values. */

    else if (tcode == TSHORT && (tnull > SHRT_MAX || tnull < SHRT_MIN) )
            nulcheck = 0;            /* Impossible null value */

    else if (tcode == TBYTE && (tnull > 255 || tnull < 0) )
            nulcheck = 0;            /* Impossible null value */

    else if (tcode == TSTRING && snull[0] == ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED)
         nulcheck = 0;

    convert = 1;

    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Now read the pixels from the FITS column. If the column does not   */
    /*  have the same datatype as the output array, then we have to read   */
    /*  the raw values into a temporary buffer (of limited size).  In      */
    /*  the case of a vector colum read only 1 vector of values at a time  */
    /*  then skip to the next row if more values need to be read.          */
    /*  After reading the raw values, then call the fffXXYY routine to (1) */
    /*  test for undefined values, (2) convert the datatype if necessary,  */
    /*  and (3) scale the values by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn linear      */
    /*  scaling parameters.                                                */
    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    remain = nelem;           /* remaining number of values to read */
    next = 0;                 /* next element in array to be read   */
    rownum = 0;               /* row number, relative to firstrow   */

    while (remain)
    {
        /* limit the number of pixels to read at one time to the number that
           will fit in the buffer or to the number of pixels that remain in
           the current vector, which ever is smaller.
        */
        ntodo = (long) minvalue(remain, maxelem);
        if (elemincre >= 0)
        {
          ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, ((repeat - elemnum - 1)/elemincre +1));
        }
        else
        {
          ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, (elemnum/(-elemincre) +1));
        }

        readptr = startpos + ((LONGLONG)rownum * rowlen) + (elemnum * (incre / elemincre));

        switch (tcode) 
        {
            case (TLONGLONG):
                ffgi8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (long *) &array[next],
                       status);
                fffi8u8((LONGLONG *) &array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, 
                           nulcheck, tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], 
                           anynul, &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TLONG):
                ffgi4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (INT32BIT *) buffer,
                       status);
                fffi4u8((INT32BIT *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, 
                        nulcheck, (INT32BIT) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], 
                        anynul, &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TBYTE):
                ffgi1b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (unsigned char *) buffer,
                       status);
                fffi1u8((unsigned char *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                     (unsigned char) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                     &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TSHORT):
                ffgi2b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (short  *) buffer, status);
                fffi2u8((short  *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                      (short) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                      &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TFLOAT):
                ffgr4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (float  *) buffer, status);
                fffr4u8((float  *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                       nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                       &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TDOUBLE):
                ffgr8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (double *) buffer, status);
                fffr8u8((double *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                          nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                          &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TSTRING):
                ffmbyt(fptr, readptr, REPORT_EOF, status);
       
                if (incre == twidth)    /* contiguous bytes */
                     ffgbyt(fptr, ntodo * twidth, buffer, status);
                else
                     ffgbytoff(fptr, twidth, ntodo, incre - twidth, buffer,
                               status);

                fffstru8((char *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, twidth, power,
                     nulcheck, snull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul,
                     &array[next], status);
                break;

            default:  /*  error trap for invalid column format */
                snprintf(message, 81, 
                   "Cannot read numbers from column %d which has format %s",
                    colnum, tform);
                ffpmsg(message);
                if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL)
                    return(*status = BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT);
                else
                    return(*status = BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT);

        } /* End of switch block */

        /*-------------------------*/
        /*  Check for fatal error  */
        /*-------------------------*/
        if (*status > 0)  /* test for error during previous read operation */
        {
	  dtemp = (double) next;
          if (hdutype > 0)
            snprintf(message, 81,
            "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from column %d (ffgclj).",
              dtemp+1., dtemp+ntodo, colnum);
          else
            snprintf(message, 81,
            "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from image (ffgclj).",
              dtemp+1., dtemp+ntodo);

          ffpmsg(message);
          return(*status);
        }

        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        /*  increment the counters for the next loop  */
        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        remain -= ntodo;
        if (remain)
        {
            next += ntodo;
            elemnum = elemnum + (ntodo * elemincre);

            if (elemnum >= repeat)  /* completed a row; start on later row */
            {
                rowincre = elemnum / repeat;
                rownum += rowincre;
                elemnum = elemnum - (rowincre * repeat);
            }
            else if (elemnum < 0)  /* completed a row; start on a previous row */
            {
                rowincre = (-elemnum - 1) / repeat + 1;
                rownum -= rowincre;
                elemnum = (rowincre * repeat) + elemnum;
            }
        }
    }  /*  End of main while Loop  */


    /*--------------------------------*/
    /*  check for numerical overflow  */
    /*--------------------------------*/
    if (*status == OVERFLOW_ERR)
    {
        ffpmsg(
        "Numerical overflow during type conversion while reading FITS data.");
        *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi1u8(unsigned char *input, /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            unsigned char tnull,  /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
            ULONGLONG nullval,     /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            ULONGLONG *output,     /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
	    {
	        if (input[ii] < 0) 
		{
                   *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
		else
		{
                    output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) input[ii];  /* copy input to output */
		}
	    }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < 0)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else if (input[ii] < 0) 
		{
                   *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
		else
                    output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < 0)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi2u8(short *input,         /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            short tnull,          /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
            ULONGLONG nullval,     /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            ULONGLONG *output,     /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
	    {
	        if (input[ii] < 0) 
		{
                   *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
		else
		{
                    output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) input[ii];   /* copy input to output */
                }
	    }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (LONGLONG) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi4u8(INT32BIT *input,      /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            INT32BIT tnull,       /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
            ULONGLONG nullval,     /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            ULONGLONG *output,     /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
	    {
	        if (input[ii] < 0) 
		{
                   *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
		else
		{
                   output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) input[ii];   /* copy input to output */
		}
	    }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < 0)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (LONGLONG) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
	        else if (input[ii] < 0) 
		{
                   *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else
		{
                    output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) input[ii];
		}
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < 0)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi8u8(LONGLONG *input,      /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            LONGLONG tnull,       /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
            ULONGLONG nullval,     /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            ULONGLONG *output,     /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero ==  9223372036854775808.)
        {       
            /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */
            /* Instead of adding 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */
            /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) {
                output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000);
            }
        }
        else        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
	    {
	    	if (input[ii] < 0) 
		{
                   *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
		else
		{
                    output[ii] =  input[ii];   /* copy input to output */
		}
	    }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < 0)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero ==  9223372036854775808.)
        {       
            /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */
            /* Instead of adding 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */
            /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) {

                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                   output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000);
                }
            }
        }
        else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
		{
 	    	    if (input[ii] < 0) 
		    {
                       *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
		    else
		    {
                        output[ii] =  input[ii];   /* copy input to output */
		    }
		}
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < 0)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffr4u8(float *input,         /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            ULONGLONG nullval,     /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            ULONGLONG *output,     /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    short *sptr, iret;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < 0)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < 0)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        sptr = (short *) input;

#if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS
        sptr++;       /* point to MSBs */
#endif

        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                     output[ii] = 0;
              }
              else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < 0)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {  
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                  {
                    if (zero < 0)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (zero > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) zero;
                  }
              }
              else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < 0)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffr8u8(double *input,        /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            ULONGLONG nullval,     /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            ULONGLONG *output,     /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    short *sptr, iret;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < 0)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < 0)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        sptr = (short *) input;

#if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS
        sptr += 3;       /* point to MSBs */
#endif
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                     output[ii] = 0;
              }
              else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < 0)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {  
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                  {
                    if (zero < 0)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (zero > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) zero;
                  }
              }
              else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < 0)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DULONGLONG_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffstru8(char *input,         /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            long twidth,          /* I - width of each substring of chars    */
            double implipower,    /* I - power of 10 of implied decimal      */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            char  *snull,         /* I - value of FITS null string, if any   */
            ULONGLONG nullval,     /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            ULONGLONG *output,     /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check
  for null values and do scaling if required. The nullcheck code value
  determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null
  value is an input pixel that is equal to snull.  If nullcheck= 0, then
  no special checking for nulls is performed.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    int nullen;
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    char *cstring, message[81];
    char *cptr, *tpos;
    char tempstore, chrzero = '0';
    double val, power;
    int exponent, sign, esign, decpt;

    nullen = strlen(snull);
    cptr = input;  /* pointer to start of input string */
    for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
    {
      cstring = cptr;
      /* temporarily insert a null terminator at end of the string */
      tpos = cptr + twidth;
      tempstore = *tpos;
      *tpos = 0;

      /* check if null value is defined, and if the    */
      /* column string is identical to the null string */
      if (snull[0] != ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED && 
         !strncmp(snull, cptr, nullen) )
      {
        if (nullcheck)  
        {
          *anynull = 1;    
          if (nullcheck == 1)
            output[ii] = nullval;
          else
            nullarray[ii] = 1;
        }
        cptr += twidth;
      }
      else
      {
        /* value is not the null value, so decode it */
        /* remove any embedded blank characters from the string */

        decpt = 0;
        sign = 1;
        val  = 0.;
        power = 1.;
        exponent = 0;
        esign = 1;

        while (*cptr == ' ')               /* skip leading blanks */
           cptr++;

        if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+')  /* check for leading sign */
        {
          if (*cptr == '-')
             sign = -1;

          cptr++;

          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip blanks between sign and value */
            cptr++;
        }

        while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9')
        {
          val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero;  /* accumulate the value */
          cptr++;

          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip embedded blanks in the value */
            cptr++;
        }

        if (*cptr == '.' || *cptr == ',')    /* check for decimal point */
        {
          decpt = 1;       /* set flag to show there was a decimal point */
          cptr++;
          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip any blanks */
            cptr++;

          while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9')
          {
            val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero;  /* accumulate the value */
            power = power * 10.;
            cptr++;

            while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip embedded blanks in the value */
              cptr++;
          }
        }

        if (*cptr == 'E' || *cptr == 'D')  /* check for exponent */
        {
          cptr++;
          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip blanks */
              cptr++;
  
          if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+')  /* check for exponent sign */
          {
            if (*cptr == '-')
               esign = -1;

            cptr++;

            while (*cptr == ' ')        /* skip blanks between sign and exp */
              cptr++;
          }

          while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9')
          {
            exponent = exponent * 10 + *cptr - chrzero;  /* accumulate exp */
            cptr++;

            while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip embedded blanks */
              cptr++;
          }
        }

        if (*cptr  != 0)  /* should end up at the null terminator */
        {
          sprintf(message, "Cannot read number from ASCII table");
          ffpmsg(message);
          snprintf(message, 81, "Column field = %s.", cstring);
          ffpmsg(message);
          /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */
          *tpos = tempstore;
          return(*status = BAD_C2D);
        }

        if (!decpt)  /* if no explicit decimal, use implied */
           power = implipower;

        dvalue = (sign * val / power) * pow(10., (double) (esign * exponent));

        dvalue = dvalue * scale + zero;   /* apply the scaling */

        if (dvalue < 0)
        {
            *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
            output[ii] = 0;
        }
        else if (dvalue > DULONGLONG_MAX)
        {
            *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
            output[ii] = UINT64_MAX;
        }
        else
            output[ii] = (ULONGLONG) dvalue;
      }
      /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */
      *tpos = tempstore;
    }
    return(*status);
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/iter_a.f0000644000225700000360000001533213472024437014071 0ustar  cagordonlhea      program f77iterate_a

      external flux_rate
      integer ncols
      parameter (ncols=3)
      integer units(ncols), colnum(ncols), datatype(ncols)
      integer iotype(ncols), offset, rows_per_loop, status
      character*70 colname(ncols)
      integer iunit, blocksize
      character*80 fname

C     include f77.inc -------------------------------------
C     Codes for FITS extension types
      integer IMAGE_HDU, ASCII_TBL, BINARY_TBL
      parameter (
     &     IMAGE_HDU  = 0,
     &     ASCII_TBL  = 1,
     &     BINARY_TBL = 2  )

C     Codes for FITS table data types

      integer TBIT,TBYTE,TLOGICAL,TSTRING,TSHORT,TINT
      integer TFLOAT,TDOUBLE,TCOMPLEX,TDBLCOMPLEX
      parameter (
     &     TBIT        =   1,
     &     TBYTE       =  11,
     &     TLOGICAL    =  14,
     &     TSTRING     =  16,
     &     TSHORT      =  21,
     &     TINT        =  31,
     &     TFLOAT      =  42,
     &     TDOUBLE     =  82,
     &     TCOMPLEX    =  83,
     &     TDBLCOMPLEX = 163  )

C     Codes for iterator column types

      integer InputCol, InputOutputCol, OutputCol
      parameter (
     &     InputCol       = 0,
     &     InputOutputCol = 1,
     &     OutputCol      = 2  )
C     End of f77.inc -------------------------------------


      iunit = 15

      units(1) = iunit
      units(2) = iunit
      units(3) = iunit

C open the file
      fname = 'iter_a.fit'
      call ftopen(iunit,fname,1,blocksize,status)

C move to the HDU containing the rate table
      call ftmnhd(iunit, BINARY_TBL, 'RATE', 0, status)

C Select iotypes for column data
      iotype(1) = InputCol
      iotype(2) = InputCol
      iotype(3) = OutputCol

C Select desired datatypes for column data
      datatype(1) = TINT
      datatype(2) = TFLOAT
      datatype(3) = TFLOAT

C find the column number corresponding to each column
      call ftgcno( iunit, 0, 'counts', colnum(1), status )
      call ftgcno( iunit, 0, 'time', colnum(2), status )
      call ftgcno( iunit, 0, 'rate', colnum(3), status )

C use default optimum number of rows
      rows_per_loop = 0
      offset = 0

C apply the rate function to each row of the table
      print *, 'Calling iterator function...', status

C although colname is not being used, still need to send a string
C array in the function
      call ftiter( ncols, units, colnum, colname, datatype, iotype,
     &      offset, rows_per_loop, flux_rate, 3, status )

      call ftclos(iunit, status)
      stop
      end

C***************************************************************************
C   Sample iterator function that calculates the output flux 'rate' column
C   by dividing the input 'counts' by the 'time' column.
C   It also applies a constant deadtime correction factor if the 'deadtime'
C   keyword exists.  Finally, this creates or updates the 'LIVETIME'
C   keyword with the sum of all the individual integration times.
C***************************************************************************
      subroutine flux_rate(totalrows, offset, firstrow, nrows, ncols,
     &     units, colnum, datatype, iotype, repeat, status, userData,
     &     counts, interval, rate )

      integer totalrows, offset, firstrow, nrows, ncols
      integer units(ncols), colnum(ncols), datatype(ncols)
      integer iotype(ncols), repeat(ncols)
      integer userData

C     include f77.inc -------------------------------------
C     Codes for FITS extension types
      integer IMAGE_HDU, ASCII_TBL, BINARY_TBL
      parameter (
     &     IMAGE_HDU  = 0,
     &     ASCII_TBL  = 1,
     &     BINARY_TBL = 2  )

C     Codes for FITS table data types

      integer TBIT,TBYTE,TLOGICAL,TSTRING,TSHORT,TINT
      integer TFLOAT,TDOUBLE,TCOMPLEX,TDBLCOMPLEX
      parameter (
     &     TBIT        =   1,
     &     TBYTE       =  11,
     &     TLOGICAL    =  14,
     &     TSTRING     =  16,
     &     TSHORT      =  21,
     &     TINT        =  31,
     &     TFLOAT      =  42,
     &     TDOUBLE     =  82,
     &     TCOMPLEX    =  83,
     &     TDBLCOMPLEX = 163  )

C     Codes for iterator column types

      integer InputCol, InputOutputCol, OutputCol
      parameter (
     &     InputCol       = 0,
     &     InputOutputCol = 1,
     &     OutputCol      = 2  )
C     End of f77.inc -------------------------------------

      integer counts(*)
      real interval(*),rate(*)

      integer ii, status
      character*80 comment

C**********************************************************************
C  must preserve these values between calls
      real deadtime, livetime
      common /fluxblock/ deadtime, livetime
C**********************************************************************

      if (status .ne. 0) return

C    --------------------------------------------------------
C      Initialization procedures: execute on the first call  
C    --------------------------------------------------------
      if (firstrow .eq. 1) then
         if (ncols .ne. 3) then
C     wrong number of columns
            status = -1
            return
         endif

         if (datatype(1).ne.TINT .or. datatype(2).ne.TFLOAT .or.
     &        datatype(3).ne.TFLOAT ) then
C     bad data type
            status = -2
            return
         endif

C     try to get the deadtime keyword value
         call ftgkye( units(1), 'DEADTIME', deadtime, comment, status )

         if (status.ne.0) then
C     default deadtime if keyword doesn't exist
            deadtime = 1.0
            status = 0
         elseif (deadtime .lt. 0.0 .or. deadtime .gt. 1.0) then
C     bad deadtime value
            status = -3
            return
         endif

         print *, 'deadtime = ', deadtime

         livetime = 0.0
      endif

C    --------------------------------------------
C      Main loop: process all the rows of data
C    --------------------------------------------
      
C     NOTE: 1st element of array is the null pixel value!
C     Loop over elements 2 to nrows+1, not 1 to nrows.
      
C     this version ignores null values

C     set the output null value to zero to ignore nulls */
      rate(1) = 0.0
      do 10 ii = 2,nrows+1
         if ( interval(ii) .gt. 0.0) then
           rate(ii) = counts(ii) / interval(ii) / deadtime
           livetime = livetime + interval(ii)
        else
C     Nonsensical negative time interval
           status = -3
           return
        endif
 10   continue

C    -------------------------------------------------------
C      Clean up procedures:  after processing all the rows  
C    -------------------------------------------------------

      if (firstrow + nrows - 1 .eq. totalrows) then
C     update the LIVETIME keyword value

         call ftukye( units(1),'LIVETIME', livetime, 3,
     &        'total integration time', status )
         print *,'livetime = ', livetime

      endif
 
      return
      end
cfitsio-4.3.1/region.c0000644000225700000360000016003714075614240014106 0ustar  cagordonlhea#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include "fitsio2.h"
#include "region.h"
static int Pt_in_Poly( double x, double y, int nPts, double *Pts );

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fits_read_rgnfile( const char *filename,
            WCSdata    *wcs,
            SAORegion  **Rgn,
            int        *status )
/*  Read regions from either a FITS or ASCII region file and return the information     */
/*  in the "SAORegion" structure.  If it is nonNULL, use wcs to convert the  */
/*  region coordinates to pixels.  Return an error if region is in degrees   */
/*  but no WCS data is provided.                                             */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
{
  fitsfile *fptr;
  int tstatus = 0;

  if( *status ) return( *status );

  /* try to open as a FITS file - if that doesn't work treat as an ASCII file */

  fits_write_errmark();
  if ( ffopen(&fptr, filename, READONLY, &tstatus) ) {
    fits_clear_errmark();
    fits_read_ascii_region(filename, wcs, Rgn, status);
  } else {
    fits_read_fits_region(fptr, wcs, Rgn, status);
  }

  return(*status);

}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fits_read_ascii_region( const char *filename,
			    WCSdata    *wcs,
			    SAORegion  **Rgn,
			    int        *status )
/*  Read regions from a SAO-style region file and return the information     */
/*  in the "SAORegion" structure.  If it is nonNULL, use wcs to convert the  */
/*  region coordinates to pixels.  Return an error if region is in degrees   */
/*  but no WCS data is provided.                                             */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
{
   char     *currLine;
   char     *namePtr, *paramPtr, *currLoc;
   char     *pX, *pY, *endp;
   long     allocLen, lineLen, hh, mm, dd;
   double   *coords, X, Y, x, y, ss, div, xsave= 0., ysave= 0.;
   int      nParams, nCoords, negdec;
   int      i, done;
   FILE     *rgnFile;
   coordFmt cFmt;
   SAORegion *aRgn;
   RgnShape *newShape, *tmpShape;

   if( *status ) return( *status );

   aRgn = (SAORegion *)malloc( sizeof(SAORegion) );
   if( ! aRgn ) {
      ffpmsg("Couldn't allocate memory to hold Region file contents.");
      return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION );
   }
   aRgn->nShapes    =    0;
   aRgn->Shapes     = NULL;
   if( wcs && wcs->exists )
      aRgn->wcs = *wcs;
   else
      aRgn->wcs.exists = 0;

   cFmt = pixel_fmt; /* set default format */

   /*  Allocate Line Buffer  */

   allocLen = 512;
   currLine = (char *)malloc( allocLen * sizeof(char) );
   if( !currLine ) {
      free( aRgn );
      ffpmsg("Couldn't allocate memory to hold Region file contents.");
      return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION );
   }

   /*  Open Region File  */

   if( (rgnFile = fopen( filename, "r" ))==NULL ) {
      snprintf(currLine,allocLen,"Could not open Region file %s.",filename);
      ffpmsg( currLine );
      free( currLine );
      free( aRgn );
      return( *status = FILE_NOT_OPENED );
   }
   
   /*  Read in file, line by line  */
   /*  First, set error status in case file is empty */ 
   *status = FILE_NOT_OPENED;

   while( fgets(currLine,allocLen,rgnFile) != NULL ) {

      /* reset status if we got here */
      *status = 0;

      /*  Make sure we have a full line of text  */

      lineLen = strlen(currLine);
      while( lineLen==allocLen-1 && currLine[lineLen-1]!='\n' ) {
         currLoc = (char *)realloc( currLine, 2 * allocLen * sizeof(char) );
         if( !currLoc ) {
            ffpmsg("Couldn't allocate memory to hold Region file contents.");
            *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
            goto error;
         } else {
            currLine = currLoc;
         }
         fgets( currLine+lineLen, allocLen+1, rgnFile );
         allocLen += allocLen;
         lineLen  += strlen(currLine+lineLen);
      }

      currLoc = currLine;
      if( *currLoc == '#' ) {

         /*  Look to see if it is followed by a format statement...  */
         /*  if not skip line                                        */

         currLoc++;
         while( isspace(*currLoc) ) currLoc++;
         if( !fits_strncasecmp( currLoc, "format:", 7 ) ) {
            if( aRgn->nShapes ) {
               ffpmsg("Format code encountered after reading 1 or more shapes.");
               *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               goto error;
            }
            currLoc += 7;
            while( isspace(*currLoc) ) currLoc++;
            if( !fits_strncasecmp( currLoc, "pixel", 5 ) ) {
               cFmt = pixel_fmt;
            } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( currLoc, "degree", 6 ) ) {
               cFmt = degree_fmt;
            } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( currLoc, "hhmmss", 6 ) ) {
               cFmt = hhmmss_fmt;
            } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( currLoc, "hms", 3 ) ) {
               cFmt = hhmmss_fmt;
            } else {
               ffpmsg("Unknown format code encountered in region file.");
               *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               goto error;
            }
         }

      } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( currLoc, "glob", 4 ) ) {
		  /* skip lines that begin with the word 'global' */

      } else {

         while( *currLoc != '\0' ) {

            namePtr  = currLoc;
            paramPtr = NULL;
            nParams  = 1;

            /*  Search for closing parenthesis  */

            done = 0;
            while( !done && !*status && *currLoc ) {
               switch (*currLoc) {
               case '(':
                  *currLoc = '\0';
                  currLoc++;
                  if( paramPtr )   /* Can't have two '(' in a region! */
                     *status = 1;
                  else
                     paramPtr = currLoc;
                  break;
               case ')':
                  *currLoc = '\0';
                  currLoc++;
                  if( !paramPtr )  /* Can't have a ')' without a '(' first */
                     *status = 1;
                  else
                     done = 1;
                  break;
               case '#':
               case '\n':
                  *currLoc = '\0';
                  if( !paramPtr )  /* Allow for a blank line */
                     done = 1;
                  break;
               case ':':  
                  currLoc++;
                  if ( paramPtr ) cFmt = hhmmss_fmt; /* set format if parameter has : */
                  break;
               case 'd':
                  currLoc++;
                  if ( paramPtr ) cFmt = degree_fmt; /* set format if parameter has d */  
                  break;
               case ',':
                  nParams++;  /* Fall through to default */
               default:
                  currLoc++;
                  break;
               }
            }
            if( *status || !done ) {
               ffpmsg( "Error reading Region file" );
               *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               goto error;
            }

            /*  Skip white space in region name  */

            while( isspace(*namePtr) ) namePtr++;

            /*  Was this a blank line? Or the end of the current one  */

            if( ! *namePtr && ! paramPtr ) continue;

            /*  Check for format code at beginning of the line */

            if( !fits_strncasecmp( namePtr, "image;", 6 ) ) {
				namePtr += 6;
				cFmt = pixel_fmt;
            } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( namePtr, "physical;", 9 ) ) {
                                namePtr += 9;
                                cFmt = pixel_fmt;
            } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( namePtr, "linear;", 7 ) ) {
                                namePtr += 7;
                                cFmt = pixel_fmt;
            } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( namePtr, "fk4;", 4 ) ) {
				namePtr += 4;
				cFmt = degree_fmt;
            } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( namePtr, "fk5;", 4 ) ) {
				namePtr += 4;
				cFmt = degree_fmt;
            } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( namePtr, "icrs;", 5 ) ) {
				namePtr += 5;
				cFmt = degree_fmt;

            /* the following 5 cases support region files created by POW 
	       (or ds9 Version 4.x) which
               may have lines containing  only a format code, not followed
               by a ';' (and with no region specifier on the line).  We use
               the 'continue' statement to jump to the end of the loop and
               then continue reading the next line of the region file. */

            } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( namePtr, "fk5", 3 ) ) {
				cFmt = degree_fmt;
                                continue;  /* supports POW region file format */
            } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( namePtr, "fk4", 3 ) ) {
				cFmt = degree_fmt;
                                continue;  /* supports POW region file format */
            } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( namePtr, "icrs", 4 ) ) {
				cFmt = degree_fmt;
                                continue;  /* supports POW region file format */
            } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( namePtr, "image", 5 ) ) {
				cFmt = pixel_fmt;
                                continue;  /* supports POW region file format */
            } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( namePtr, "physical", 8 ) ) {
				cFmt = pixel_fmt;
                                continue;  /* supports POW region file format */


            } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( namePtr, "galactic;", 9 ) ) {
               ffpmsg( "Galactic region coordinates not supported" );
               ffpmsg( namePtr );
               *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               goto error;
            } else if( !fits_strncasecmp( namePtr, "ecliptic;", 9 ) ) {
               ffpmsg( "ecliptic region coordinates not supported" );
               ffpmsg( namePtr );
               *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               goto error;
            }

            /**************************************************/
            /*  We've apparently found a region... Set it up  */
            /**************************************************/

            if( !(aRgn->nShapes % 10) ) {
               if( aRgn->Shapes )
                  tmpShape = (RgnShape *)realloc( aRgn->Shapes,
                                                  (10+aRgn->nShapes)
                                                  * sizeof(RgnShape) );
               else
                  tmpShape = (RgnShape *) malloc( 10 * sizeof(RgnShape) );
               if( tmpShape ) {
                  aRgn->Shapes = tmpShape;
               } else {
                  ffpmsg( "Failed to allocate memory for Region data");
                  *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
                  goto error;
               }

            }
            newShape        = &aRgn->Shapes[aRgn->nShapes++];
            newShape->sign  = 1;
            newShape->shape = point_rgn;
	    for (i=0; i<8; i++) newShape->param.gen.p[i] = 0.0;
	    newShape->param.gen.a = 0.0;
	    newShape->param.gen.b = 0.0;
	    newShape->param.gen.sinT = 0.0;
	    newShape->param.gen.cosT = 0.0;

            while( isspace(*namePtr) ) namePtr++;
            
			/*  Check for the shape's sign  */

            if( *namePtr=='+' ) {
               namePtr++;
            } else if( *namePtr=='-' ) {
               namePtr++;
               newShape->sign = 0;
            }

            /* Skip white space in region name */

            while( isspace(*namePtr) ) namePtr++;
            if( *namePtr=='\0' ) {
               ffpmsg( "Error reading Region file" );
               *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               goto error;
            }
            lineLen = strlen( namePtr ) - 1;
            while( isspace(namePtr[lineLen]) ) namePtr[lineLen--] = '\0';

            /*  Now identify the region  */

            if(        !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "circle"  ) ) {
               newShape->shape = circle_rgn;
               if( nParams != 3 )
                  *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               nCoords = 2;
            } else if( !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "annulus" ) ) {
               newShape->shape = annulus_rgn;
               if( nParams != 4 )
                  *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               nCoords = 2;
            } else if( !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "ellipse" ) ) {
               if( nParams < 4 || nParams > 8 ) {
                  *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
	       } else if ( nParams < 6 ) {
		 newShape->shape = ellipse_rgn;
		 newShape->param.gen.p[4] = 0.0;
	       } else {
		 newShape->shape = elliptannulus_rgn;
		 newShape->param.gen.p[6] = 0.0;
		 newShape->param.gen.p[7] = 0.0;
	       }
               nCoords = 2;
            } else if( !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "elliptannulus" ) ) {
               newShape->shape = elliptannulus_rgn;
               if( !( nParams==8 || nParams==6 ) )
                  *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               newShape->param.gen.p[6] = 0.0;
               newShape->param.gen.p[7] = 0.0;
               nCoords = 2;
            } else if( !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "box"    ) 
                    || !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "rotbox" ) ) {
	       if( nParams < 4 || nParams > 8 ) {
		 *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
	       } else if ( nParams < 6 ) {
		 newShape->shape = box_rgn;
		 newShape->param.gen.p[4] = 0.0;
	       } else {
		  newShape->shape = boxannulus_rgn;
		  newShape->param.gen.p[6] = 0.0;
		  newShape->param.gen.p[7] = 0.0;
	       }
	       nCoords = 2;
            } else if( !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "rectangle"    )
                    || !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "rotrectangle" ) ) {
               newShape->shape = rectangle_rgn;
               if( nParams < 4 || nParams > 5 )
                  *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               newShape->param.gen.p[4] = 0.0;
               nCoords = 4;
            } else if( !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "diamond"    )
                    || !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "rotdiamond" )
                    || !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "rhombus"    )
                    || !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "rotrhombus" ) ) {
               newShape->shape = diamond_rgn;
               if( nParams < 4 || nParams > 5 )
                  *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               newShape->param.gen.p[4] = 0.0;
               nCoords = 2;
            } else if( !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "sector"  )
                    || !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "pie"     ) ) {
               newShape->shape = sector_rgn;
               if( nParams != 4 )
                  *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               nCoords = 2;
            } else if( !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "point"   ) ) {
               newShape->shape = point_rgn;
               if( nParams != 2 )
                  *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               nCoords = 2;
            } else if( !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "line"    ) ) {
               newShape->shape = line_rgn;
               if( nParams != 4 )
                  *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               nCoords = 4;
            } else if( !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "polygon" ) ) {
               newShape->shape = poly_rgn;
               if( nParams < 6 || (nParams&1) )
                  *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               nCoords = nParams;
            } else if( !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "panda" ) ) {
               newShape->shape = panda_rgn;
               if( nParams != 8 )
                  *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               nCoords = 2;
            } else if( !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "epanda" ) ) {
               newShape->shape = epanda_rgn;
               if( nParams < 10 || nParams > 11 )
                  *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               newShape->param.gen.p[10] = 0.0;
               nCoords = 2;
            } else if( !fits_strcasecmp( namePtr, "bpanda" ) ) {
               newShape->shape = bpanda_rgn;
               if( nParams < 10 || nParams > 11 )
                  *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               newShape->param.gen.p[10] = 0.0;
               nCoords = 2;
            } else {
               ffpmsg( "Unrecognized region found in region file:" );
               ffpmsg( namePtr );
               *status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
               goto error;
            }
            if( *status ) {
               ffpmsg( "Wrong number of parameters found for region" );
               ffpmsg( namePtr );
               goto error;
            }

            /*  Parse Parameter string... convert to pixels if necessary  */

            if( newShape->shape==poly_rgn ) {
               newShape->param.poly.Pts = (double *)malloc( nParams
                                                            * sizeof(double) );
               if( !newShape->param.poly.Pts ) {
                  ffpmsg(
                      "Could not allocate memory to hold polygon parameters" );
                  *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
                  goto error;
               }
               newShape->param.poly.nPts = nParams;
               coords = newShape->param.poly.Pts;
            } else
               coords = newShape->param.gen.p;

            /*  Parse the initial "WCS?" coordinates  */
            for( i=0; iexists ) {
                     ffpmsg("WCS information needed to convert region coordinates.");
                     *status = NO_WCS_KEY;
                     goto error;
                  }
                  
                  if( ffxypx(  X,  Y, wcs->xrefval, wcs->yrefval,
                                      wcs->xrefpix, wcs->yrefpix,
                                      wcs->xinc,    wcs->yinc,
                                      wcs->rot,     wcs->type,
                              &x, &y, status ) ) {
                     ffpmsg("Error converting region to pixel coordinates.");
                     goto error;
                  }
                  X = x; Y = y;
               }
               coords[i]   = X;
               coords[i+1] = Y;

            }

            /*  Read in remaining parameters...  */

            for( ; ixrefval, wcs->yrefval,
			       wcs->xrefpix, wcs->yrefpix,
			       wcs->xinc,    wcs->yinc,
			       wcs->rot,     wcs->type,
                               &x, &y, status ) ) {
		     ffpmsg("Error converting region to pixel coordinates.");
		     goto error;
		  }
		 
		  coords[i] = sqrt( pow(x-coords[0],2) + pow(y-coords[1],2) );

               }
            }

	    /* special case for elliptannulus and boxannulus if only one angle
	       was given */

	    if ( (newShape->shape == elliptannulus_rgn || 
		  newShape->shape == boxannulus_rgn ) && nParams == 7 ) {
	      coords[7] = coords[6];
	    }

            /* Also, correct the position angle for any WCS rotation:  */
            /*    If regions are specified in WCS coordintes, then the angles */
            /*    are relative to the WCS system, not the pixel X,Y system */

	    if( cFmt!=pixel_fmt ) {	    
	      switch( newShape->shape ) {
	      case sector_rgn:
	      case panda_rgn:
		coords[2] += (wcs->rot);
		coords[3] += (wcs->rot);
		break;
	      case box_rgn:
	      case rectangle_rgn:
	      case diamond_rgn:
	      case ellipse_rgn:
		coords[4] += (wcs->rot);
		break;
	      case boxannulus_rgn:
	      case elliptannulus_rgn:
		coords[6] += (wcs->rot);
		coords[7] += (wcs->rot);
		break;
	      case epanda_rgn:
	      case bpanda_rgn:
		coords[2] += (wcs->rot);
		coords[3] += (wcs->rot);
		coords[10] += (wcs->rot);
              default:
                break;
	      }
	    }

	    /* do some precalculations to speed up tests */

	    fits_setup_shape(newShape);

         }  /* End of while( *currLoc ) */
/*
  if (coords)printf("%.8f %.8f %.8f %.8f %.8f\n",
   coords[0],coords[1],coords[2],coords[3],coords[4]); 
*/
      }  /* End of if...else parse line */
   }   /* End of while( fgets(rgnFile) ) */

   /* set up component numbers */

   fits_set_region_components( aRgn );

error:

   if( *status ) {
      fits_free_region( aRgn );
   } else {
      *Rgn = aRgn;
   }

   fclose( rgnFile );
   free( currLine );

   return( *status );
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fits_in_region( double    X,
            double    Y,
            SAORegion *Rgn )
/*  Test if the given point is within the region described by Rgn.  X and    */
/*  Y are in pixel coordinates.                                              */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
{
   double x, y, dx, dy, xprime, yprime, r, th;
   RgnShape *Shapes;
   int i, cur_comp;
   int result, comp_result;

   Shapes = Rgn->Shapes;

   result = 0;
   comp_result = 0;
   cur_comp = Rgn->Shapes[0].comp;

   for( i=0; inShapes; i++, Shapes++ ) {

     /* if this region has a different component number to the last one  */
     /*	then replace the accumulated selection logical with the union of */
     /*	the current logical and the total logical. Reinitialize the      */
     /* temporary logical.                                               */

     if ( i==0 || Shapes->comp != cur_comp ) {
       result = result || comp_result;
       cur_comp = Shapes->comp;
       /* if an excluded region is given first, then implicitly   */
       /* assume a previous shape that includes the entire image. */
       comp_result = !Shapes->sign;
     }

    /* only need to test if  */
    /*   the point is not already included and this is an include region, */
    /* or the point is included and this is an excluded region */

    if ( (!comp_result && Shapes->sign) || (comp_result && !Shapes->sign) ) { 

      comp_result = 1;

      switch( Shapes->shape ) {

      case box_rgn:
         /*  Shift origin to center of region  */
         xprime = X - Shapes->param.gen.p[0];
         yprime = Y - Shapes->param.gen.p[1];

         /*  Rotate point to region's orientation  */
         x =  xprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT;
         y = -xprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT;

         dx = 0.5 * Shapes->param.gen.p[2];
         dy = 0.5 * Shapes->param.gen.p[3];
         if( (x < -dx) || (x > dx) || (y < -dy) || (y > dy) )
            comp_result = 0;
         break;

      case boxannulus_rgn:
         /*  Shift origin to center of region  */
         xprime = X - Shapes->param.gen.p[0];
         yprime = Y - Shapes->param.gen.p[1];

         /*  Rotate point to region's orientation  */
         x =  xprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT;
         y = -xprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT;

         dx = 0.5 * Shapes->param.gen.p[4];
         dy = 0.5 * Shapes->param.gen.p[5];
         if( (x < -dx) || (x > dx) || (y < -dy) || (y > dy) ) {
	   comp_result = 0;
	 } else {
	   /* Repeat test for inner box */
	   x =  xprime * Shapes->param.gen.b + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.a;
	   y = -xprime * Shapes->param.gen.a + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.b;
	   
	   dx = 0.5 * Shapes->param.gen.p[2];
	   dy = 0.5 * Shapes->param.gen.p[3];
	   if( (x >= -dx) && (x <= dx) && (y >= -dy) && (y <= dy) )
	     comp_result = 0;
	 }
         break;

      case rectangle_rgn:
         /*  Shift origin to center of region  */
         xprime = X - Shapes->param.gen.p[5];
         yprime = Y - Shapes->param.gen.p[6];

         /*  Rotate point to region's orientation  */
         x =  xprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT;
         y = -xprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT;

         dx = Shapes->param.gen.a;
         dy = Shapes->param.gen.b;
         if( (x < -dx) || (x > dx) || (y < -dy) || (y > dy) )
            comp_result = 0;
         break;

      case diamond_rgn:
         /*  Shift origin to center of region  */
         xprime = X - Shapes->param.gen.p[0];
         yprime = Y - Shapes->param.gen.p[1];

         /*  Rotate point to region's orientation  */
         x =  xprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT;
         y = -xprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT;

         dx = 0.5 * Shapes->param.gen.p[2];
         dy = 0.5 * Shapes->param.gen.p[3];
         r  = fabs(x/dx) + fabs(y/dy);
         if( r > 1 )
            comp_result = 0;
         break;

      case circle_rgn:
         /*  Shift origin to center of region  */
         x = X - Shapes->param.gen.p[0];
         y = Y - Shapes->param.gen.p[1];

         r  = x*x + y*y;
         if ( r > Shapes->param.gen.a )
            comp_result = 0;
         break;

      case annulus_rgn:
         /*  Shift origin to center of region  */
         x = X - Shapes->param.gen.p[0];
         y = Y - Shapes->param.gen.p[1];

         r = x*x + y*y;
         if ( r < Shapes->param.gen.a || r > Shapes->param.gen.b )
            comp_result = 0;
         break;

      case sector_rgn:
         /*  Shift origin to center of region  */
         x = X - Shapes->param.gen.p[0];
         y = Y - Shapes->param.gen.p[1];

         if( x || y ) {
            r = atan2( y, x ) * RadToDeg;
            if( Shapes->param.gen.p[2] <= Shapes->param.gen.p[3] ) {
               if( r < Shapes->param.gen.p[2] || r > Shapes->param.gen.p[3] )
                  comp_result = 0;
            } else {
               if( r < Shapes->param.gen.p[2] && r > Shapes->param.gen.p[3] )
                  comp_result = 0;
            }
         }
         break;

      case ellipse_rgn:
         /*  Shift origin to center of region  */
         xprime = X - Shapes->param.gen.p[0];
         yprime = Y - Shapes->param.gen.p[1];

         /*  Rotate point to region's orientation  */
         x =  xprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT;
         y = -xprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT;

         x /= Shapes->param.gen.p[2];
         y /= Shapes->param.gen.p[3];
         r = x*x + y*y;
         if( r>1.0 )
            comp_result = 0;
         break;

      case elliptannulus_rgn:
         /*  Shift origin to center of region  */
         xprime = X - Shapes->param.gen.p[0];
         yprime = Y - Shapes->param.gen.p[1];

         /*  Rotate point to outer ellipse's orientation  */
         x =  xprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT;
         y = -xprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT;

         x /= Shapes->param.gen.p[4];
         y /= Shapes->param.gen.p[5];
         r = x*x + y*y;
         if( r>1.0 )
            comp_result = 0;
         else {
            /*  Repeat test for inner ellipse  */
            x =  xprime * Shapes->param.gen.b + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.a;
            y = -xprime * Shapes->param.gen.a + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.b;

            x /= Shapes->param.gen.p[2];
            y /= Shapes->param.gen.p[3];
            r = x*x + y*y;
            if( r<1.0 )
               comp_result = 0;
         }
         break;

      case line_rgn:
         /*  Shift origin to first point of line  */
         xprime = X - Shapes->param.gen.p[0];
         yprime = Y - Shapes->param.gen.p[1];

         /*  Rotate point to line's orientation  */
         x =  xprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT;
         y = -xprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT;

         if( (y < -0.5) || (y >= 0.5) || (x < -0.5)
             || (x >= Shapes->param.gen.a) )
            comp_result = 0;
         break;

      case point_rgn:
         /*  Shift origin to center of region  */
         x = X - Shapes->param.gen.p[0];
         y = Y - Shapes->param.gen.p[1];

         if ( (x<-0.5) || (x>=0.5) || (y<-0.5) || (y>=0.5) )
            comp_result = 0;
         break;

      case poly_rgn:
         if( Xxmin || X>Shapes->xmax
             || Yymin || Y>Shapes->ymax )
            comp_result = 0;
         else
            comp_result = Pt_in_Poly( X, Y, Shapes->param.poly.nPts,
                                       Shapes->param.poly.Pts );
         break;

      case panda_rgn:
         /*  Shift origin to center of region  */
         x = X - Shapes->param.gen.p[0];
         y = Y - Shapes->param.gen.p[1];

         r = x*x + y*y;
         if ( r < Shapes->param.gen.a || r > Shapes->param.gen.b ) {
	   comp_result = 0;
	 } else {
	   if( x || y ) {
	     th = atan2( y, x ) * RadToDeg;
	     if( Shapes->param.gen.p[2] <= Shapes->param.gen.p[3] ) {
               if( th < Shapes->param.gen.p[2] || th > Shapes->param.gen.p[3] )
		 comp_result = 0;
	     } else {
               if( th < Shapes->param.gen.p[2] && th > Shapes->param.gen.p[3] )
		 comp_result = 0;
	     }
	   }
         }
         break;

      case epanda_rgn:
         /*  Shift origin to center of region  */
         xprime = X - Shapes->param.gen.p[0];
         yprime = Y - Shapes->param.gen.p[1];

         /*  Rotate point to region's orientation  */
         x =  xprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT;
         y = -xprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT;
	 xprime = x;
	 yprime = y;

	 /* outer region test */
         x = xprime/Shapes->param.gen.p[7];
         y = yprime/Shapes->param.gen.p[8];
         r = x*x + y*y;
	 if ( r>1.0 )
	   comp_result = 0;
	 else {
	   /* inner region test */
	   x = xprime/Shapes->param.gen.p[5];
	   y = yprime/Shapes->param.gen.p[6];
	   r = x*x + y*y;
	   if ( r<1.0 )
	     comp_result = 0;
	   else {
	     /* angle test */
	     if( xprime || yprime ) {
	       th = atan2( yprime, xprime ) * RadToDeg;
	       if( Shapes->param.gen.p[2] <= Shapes->param.gen.p[3] ) {
		 if( th < Shapes->param.gen.p[2] || th > Shapes->param.gen.p[3] )
		   comp_result = 0;
	       } else {
		 if( th < Shapes->param.gen.p[2] && th > Shapes->param.gen.p[3] )
		   comp_result = 0;
	       }
	     }
	   }
	 }
         break;

      case bpanda_rgn:
         /*  Shift origin to center of region  */
         xprime = X - Shapes->param.gen.p[0];
         yprime = Y - Shapes->param.gen.p[1];

         /*  Rotate point to region's orientation  */
         x =  xprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT;
         y = -xprime * Shapes->param.gen.sinT + yprime * Shapes->param.gen.cosT;

	 /* outer box test */
         dx = 0.5 * Shapes->param.gen.p[7];
         dy = 0.5 * Shapes->param.gen.p[8];
         if( (x < -dx) || (x > dx) || (y < -dy) || (y > dy) )
	   comp_result = 0;
	 else {
	   /* inner box test */
	   dx = 0.5 * Shapes->param.gen.p[5];
	   dy = 0.5 * Shapes->param.gen.p[6];
	   if( (x >= -dx) && (x <= dx) && (y >= -dy) && (y <= dy) )
	     comp_result = 0;
	   else {
	     /* angle test */
	     if( x || y ) {
	       th = atan2( y, x ) * RadToDeg;
	       if( Shapes->param.gen.p[2] <= Shapes->param.gen.p[3] ) {
		 if( th < Shapes->param.gen.p[2] || th > Shapes->param.gen.p[3] )
		   comp_result = 0;
	       } else {
		 if( th < Shapes->param.gen.p[2] && th > Shapes->param.gen.p[3] )
		   comp_result = 0;
	       }
	     }
	   }
	 }
         break;
      }

      if( !Shapes->sign ) comp_result = !comp_result;

     } 

   }

   result = result || comp_result;
   
   return( result );
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void fits_free_region( SAORegion *Rgn )
/*   Free up memory allocated to hold the region data.                       
   This is more complicated for the case of polygons, which may be sharing
   points arrays due to shallow copying (in fits_set_region_components) of
   'exluded' regions.  We must ensure that these arrays are only freed once.       

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
{
   int i,j;
   
   int nFreedPoly=0;
   int nPolyArraySize=10;
   double **freedPolyPtrs=0;
   double *ptsToFree=0;
   int isAlreadyFreed=0;
   
   freedPolyPtrs = (double**)malloc(nPolyArraySize*sizeof(double*));

   for( i=0; inShapes; i++ )
      if( Rgn->Shapes[i].shape == poly_rgn )
      {
         /* No shared arrays for 'include' polygons */
         if (Rgn->Shapes[i].sign)
            free(Rgn->Shapes[i].param.poly.Pts);
         else
         {
            ptsToFree = Rgn->Shapes[i].param.poly.Pts;
            isAlreadyFreed = 0;
            for (j=0; jShapes )
      free( Rgn->Shapes );
   free( Rgn );
   
   free(freedPolyPtrs);
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static int Pt_in_Poly( double x,
                       double y,
                       int nPts,
                       double *Pts )
/*  Internal routine for testing whether the coordinate x,y is within the    */
/*  polygon region traced out by the array Pts.                              */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
{
   int i, j, flag=0;
   double prevX, prevY;
   double nextX, nextY;
   double dx, dy, Dy;

   nextX = Pts[nPts-2];
   nextY = Pts[nPts-1];

   for( i=0; iprevY && y>=nextY) || (yprevX && x>=nextX) )
         continue;
      
      /* Check to see if x,y lies right on the segment */

      if( x>=prevX || x>nextX ) {
         dy = y - prevY;
         Dy = nextY - prevY;

         if( fabs(Dy)<1e-10 ) {
            if( fabs(dy)<1e-10 )
               return( 1 );
            else
               continue;
         }

         dx = prevX + ( (nextX-prevX)/(Dy) ) * dy - x;
         if( dx < -1e-10 )
            continue;
         if( dx <  1e-10 )
            return( 1 );
      }

      /* There is an intersection! Make sure it isn't a V point.  */

      if( y != prevY ) {
         flag = 1 - flag;
      } else {
         j = i+1;  /* Point to Y component */
         do {
            if( j>1 )
               j -= 2;
            else
               j = nPts-1;
         } while( y == Pts[j] );

         if( (nextY-y)*(y-Pts[j]) > 0 )
            flag = 1-flag;
      }

   }
   return( flag );
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void fits_set_region_components ( SAORegion *aRgn )
{
/* 
   Internal routine to turn a collection of regions read from an ascii file into
   the more complex structure that is allowed by the FITS REGION extension with
   multiple components. Regions are anded within components and ored between them
   ie for a pixel to be selected it must be selected by at least one component
   and to be selected by a component it must be selected by all that component's
   shapes.

   The algorithm is to replicate every exclude region after every include
   region before it in the list. eg reg1, reg2, -reg3, reg4, -reg5 becomes
   (reg1, -reg3, -reg5), (reg2, -reg5, -reg3), (reg4, -reg5) where the
   parentheses designate components.
*/

  int i, j, k, icomp;

/* loop round shapes */

  i = 0;
  while ( inShapes ) {

    /* first do the case of an exclude region */

    if ( !aRgn->Shapes[i].sign ) {

      /* we need to run back through the list copying the current shape as
	 required. start by findin the first include shape before this exclude */

      j = i-1;
      while ( j > 0 && !aRgn->Shapes[j].sign ) j--;

      /* then go back one more shape */

      j--;

      /* and loop back through the regions */

      while ( j >= 0 ) {

	/* if this is an include region then insert a copy of the exclude
	   region immediately after it */
           
        /* Note that this makes shallow copies of a polygon's dynamically
        allocated Pts array -- the memory is shared.  This must be checked
        when freeing in fits_free_region. */

	if ( aRgn->Shapes[j].sign ) {

	  aRgn->Shapes = (RgnShape *) realloc (aRgn->Shapes,(1+aRgn->nShapes)*sizeof(RgnShape));
	  aRgn->nShapes++;
	  for (k=aRgn->nShapes-1; k>j+1; k--) aRgn->Shapes[k] = aRgn->Shapes[k-1];

	  i++;
	  aRgn->Shapes[j+1] = aRgn->Shapes[i];

	}

	j--;

      }

    }

    i++;

  }

  /* now set the component numbers */

  icomp = 0;
  for ( i=0; inShapes; i++ ) {
    if ( aRgn->Shapes[i].sign ) icomp++;
    aRgn->Shapes[i].comp = icomp;

    /*
    printf("i = %d, shape = %d, sign = %d, comp = %d\n", i, aRgn->Shapes[i].shape, aRgn->Shapes[i].sign, aRgn->Shapes[i].comp);
    */

  }

  return;

}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void fits_setup_shape ( RgnShape *newShape)
{
/* Perform some useful calculations now to speed up filter later             */

  double X, Y, R;
  double *coords;
  int i;

  if ( newShape->shape == poly_rgn ) {
    coords = newShape->param.poly.Pts;
  } else {
    coords = newShape->param.gen.p;
  }

  switch( newShape->shape ) {
  case circle_rgn:
    newShape->param.gen.a = coords[2] * coords[2];
    break;
  case annulus_rgn:
    newShape->param.gen.a = coords[2] * coords[2];
    newShape->param.gen.b = coords[3] * coords[3];
    break;
  case sector_rgn:
    while( coords[2]> 180.0 ) coords[2] -= 360.0;
    while( coords[2]<=-180.0 ) coords[2] += 360.0;
    while( coords[3]> 180.0 ) coords[3] -= 360.0;
    while( coords[3]<=-180.0 ) coords[3] += 360.0;
    break;
  case ellipse_rgn:
    newShape->param.gen.sinT = sin( myPI * (coords[4] / 180.0) );
    newShape->param.gen.cosT = cos( myPI * (coords[4] / 180.0) );
    break;
  case elliptannulus_rgn:
    newShape->param.gen.a    = sin( myPI * (coords[6] / 180.0) );
    newShape->param.gen.b    = cos( myPI * (coords[6] / 180.0) );
    newShape->param.gen.sinT = sin( myPI * (coords[7] / 180.0) );
    newShape->param.gen.cosT = cos( myPI * (coords[7] / 180.0) );
    break;
  case box_rgn:
    newShape->param.gen.sinT = sin( myPI * (coords[4] / 180.0) );
    newShape->param.gen.cosT = cos( myPI * (coords[4] / 180.0) );
    break;
  case boxannulus_rgn:
    newShape->param.gen.a    = sin( myPI * (coords[6] / 180.0) );
    newShape->param.gen.b    = cos( myPI * (coords[6] / 180.0) );
    newShape->param.gen.sinT = sin( myPI * (coords[7] / 180.0) );
    newShape->param.gen.cosT = cos( myPI * (coords[7] / 180.0) );
    break;
  case rectangle_rgn:
    newShape->param.gen.sinT = sin( myPI * (coords[4] / 180.0) );
    newShape->param.gen.cosT = cos( myPI * (coords[4] / 180.0) );
    X = 0.5 * ( coords[2]-coords[0] );
    Y = 0.5 * ( coords[3]-coords[1] );
    newShape->param.gen.a = fabs( X * newShape->param.gen.cosT
				  + Y * newShape->param.gen.sinT );
    newShape->param.gen.b = fabs( Y * newShape->param.gen.cosT
				  - X * newShape->param.gen.sinT );
    newShape->param.gen.p[5] = 0.5 * ( coords[2]+coords[0] );
    newShape->param.gen.p[6] = 0.5 * ( coords[3]+coords[1] );
    break;
  case diamond_rgn:
    newShape->param.gen.sinT = sin( myPI * (coords[4] / 180.0) );
    newShape->param.gen.cosT = cos( myPI * (coords[4] / 180.0) );
    break;
  case line_rgn:
    X = coords[2] - coords[0];
    Y = coords[3] - coords[1];
    R = sqrt( X*X + Y*Y );
    newShape->param.gen.sinT = ( R ? Y/R : 0.0 );
    newShape->param.gen.cosT = ( R ? X/R : 1.0 );
    newShape->param.gen.a    = R + 0.5;
    break;
  case panda_rgn:
    while( coords[2]> 180.0 ) coords[2] -= 360.0;
    while( coords[2]<=-180.0 ) coords[2] += 360.0;
    while( coords[3]> 180.0 ) coords[3] -= 360.0;
    while( coords[3]<=-180.0 ) coords[3] += 360.0;
    newShape->param.gen.a = newShape->param.gen.p[5]*newShape->param.gen.p[5];
    newShape->param.gen.b = newShape->param.gen.p[6]*newShape->param.gen.p[6];
    break;
  case epanda_rgn:
  case bpanda_rgn:
    while( coords[2]> 180.0 ) coords[2] -= 360.0;
    while( coords[2]<=-180.0 ) coords[2] += 360.0;
    while( coords[3]> 180.0 ) coords[3] -= 360.0;
    while( coords[3]<=-180.0 ) coords[3] += 360.0;
    newShape->param.gen.sinT = sin( myPI * (coords[10] / 180.0) );
    newShape->param.gen.cosT = cos( myPI * (coords[10] / 180.0) );
    break;
  default:
    break;
  }

  /*  Set the xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax elements of the RgnShape structure */

  /* For everything which has first two parameters as center position just */
  /* find a circle that encompasses the region and use it to set the       */
  /* bounding box                                                          */

  R = -1.0;

  switch ( newShape->shape ) {

  case circle_rgn:
    R = coords[2];
    break;

  case annulus_rgn:
    R = coords[3];
    break;

  case ellipse_rgn:
    if ( coords[2] > coords[3] ) {
      R = coords[2];
    } else {
      R = coords[3];
    }
    break;

  case elliptannulus_rgn:
    if ( coords[4] > coords[5] ) {
      R = coords[4];
    } else {
      R = coords[5];
    }
    break;

  case box_rgn:
    R = sqrt(coords[2]*coords[2]+
	     coords[3]*coords[3])/2.0;
    break;

  case boxannulus_rgn:
    R = sqrt(coords[4]*coords[5]+
	     coords[4]*coords[5])/2.0;
    break;

  case diamond_rgn:
    if ( coords[2] > coords[3] ) {
      R = coords[2]/2.0;
    } else {
      R = coords[3]/2.0;
    }
    break;
    
  case point_rgn:
    R = 1.0;
    break;

  case panda_rgn:
    R = coords[6];
    break;

  case epanda_rgn:
    if ( coords[7] > coords[8] ) {
      R = coords[7];
    } else {
      R = coords[8];
    }
    break;

  case bpanda_rgn:
    R = sqrt(coords[7]*coords[8]+
	     coords[7]*coords[8])/2.0;
    break;

  default:
    break;
  }

  if ( R > 0.0 ) {

    newShape->xmin = coords[0] - R;
    newShape->xmax = coords[0] + R;
    newShape->ymin = coords[1] - R;
    newShape->ymax = coords[1] + R;

    return;

  }

  /* Now do the rest of the shapes that require individual methods */

  switch ( newShape->shape ) {

  case rectangle_rgn:
    R = sqrt((coords[5]-coords[0])*(coords[5]-coords[0])+
	     (coords[6]-coords[1])*(coords[6]-coords[1]));
    newShape->xmin = coords[5] - R;
    newShape->xmax = coords[5] + R;
    newShape->ymin = coords[6] - R;
    newShape->ymax = coords[6] + R;
    break;

  case poly_rgn:
    newShape->xmin = coords[0];
    newShape->xmax = coords[0];
    newShape->ymin = coords[1];
    newShape->ymax = coords[1];
    for( i=2; i < newShape->param.poly.nPts; ) {
      if( newShape->xmin > coords[i] ) /* Min X */
	newShape->xmin = coords[i];
      if( newShape->xmax < coords[i] ) /* Max X */
	newShape->xmax = coords[i];
      i++;
      if( newShape->ymin > coords[i] ) /* Min Y */
	newShape->ymin = coords[i];
      if( newShape->ymax < coords[i] ) /* Max Y */
	newShape->ymax = coords[i];
      i++;
    }
    break;

  case line_rgn:
    if ( coords[0] > coords[2] ) {
      newShape->xmin = coords[2];
      newShape->xmax = coords[0];
    } else {
      newShape->xmin = coords[0];
      newShape->xmax = coords[2];
    }
    if ( coords[1] > coords[3] ) {
      newShape->ymin = coords[3];
      newShape->ymax = coords[1];
    } else {
      newShape->ymin = coords[1];
      newShape->ymax = coords[3];
    }

    break;

    /* sector doesn't have min and max so indicate by setting max < min */

  case sector_rgn:
    newShape->xmin = 1.0;
    newShape->xmax = -1.0;
    newShape->ymin = 1.0;
    newShape->ymax = -1.0;
    break;

  default:
    break;
  }

  return;

}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fits_read_fits_region ( fitsfile *fptr, 
			    WCSdata *wcs, 
			    SAORegion **Rgn, 
			    int *status)
/*  Read regions from a FITS region extension and return the information     */
/*  in the "SAORegion" structure.  If it is nonNULL, use wcs to convert the  */
/*  region coordinates to pixels.  Return an error if region is in degrees   */
/*  but no WCS data is provided.                                             */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
{

  int i, j, icol[6], idum, anynul, npos;
  int dotransform, got_component = 1, tstatus;
  long icsize[6];
  double X, Y, Theta, Xsave = 0, Ysave = 0, Xpos, Ypos;
  double *coords;
  char *cvalue, *cvalue2;
  char comment[FLEN_COMMENT];
  char colname[6][FLEN_VALUE] = {"X", "Y", "SHAPE", "R", "ROTANG", "COMPONENT"};
  char shapename[17][FLEN_VALUE] = {"POINT","CIRCLE","ELLIPSE","ANNULUS",
				    "ELLIPTANNULUS","BOX","ROTBOX","BOXANNULUS",
				    "RECTANGLE","ROTRECTANGLE","POLYGON","PIE",
				    "SECTOR","DIAMOND","RHOMBUS","ROTDIAMOND",
				    "ROTRHOMBUS"};
  int shapetype[17] = {point_rgn, circle_rgn, ellipse_rgn, annulus_rgn, 
		       elliptannulus_rgn, box_rgn, box_rgn, boxannulus_rgn, 
		       rectangle_rgn, rectangle_rgn, poly_rgn, sector_rgn, 
		       sector_rgn, diamond_rgn, diamond_rgn, diamond_rgn, 
		       diamond_rgn};
  SAORegion *aRgn;
  RgnShape *newShape;
  WCSdata *regwcs = 0;

  if ( *status ) return( *status );

  aRgn = (SAORegion *)malloc( sizeof(SAORegion) );
  if( ! aRgn ) {
    ffpmsg("Couldn't allocate memory to hold Region file contents.");
    return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION );
  }
  aRgn->nShapes    =    0;
  aRgn->Shapes     = NULL;
  if( wcs && wcs->exists )
    aRgn->wcs = *wcs;
  else
    aRgn->wcs.exists = 0;

  /* See if we are already positioned to a region extension, else */
  /* move to the REGION extension (file is already open). */

  tstatus = 0;
  for (i=0; i<5; i++) {
    ffgcno(fptr, CASEINSEN, colname[i], &icol[i], &tstatus);
  }

  if (tstatus) {
    /* couldn't find the required columns, so search for "REGION" extension */
    if ( ffmnhd(fptr, BINARY_TBL, "REGION", 1, status) ) {
      ffpmsg("Could not move to REGION extension.");
      goto error;
    }
  }

  /* get the number of shapes and allocate memory */

  if ( ffgky(fptr, TINT, "NAXIS2", &aRgn->nShapes, comment, status) ) {
    ffpmsg("Could not read NAXIS2 keyword.");
    goto error;
  }

  aRgn->Shapes = (RgnShape *) malloc(aRgn->nShapes * sizeof(RgnShape));
  if ( !aRgn->Shapes ) {
    ffpmsg( "Failed to allocate memory for Region data");
    *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
    goto error;
  }

  /* get the required column numbers */

  for (i=0; i<5; i++) {
    if ( ffgcno(fptr, CASEINSEN, colname[i], &icol[i], status) ) {
      ffpmsg("Could not find column.");
      goto error;
    }
  }

  /* try to get the optional column numbers */

  if ( ffgcno(fptr, CASEINSEN, colname[5], &icol[5], status) ) {
       got_component = 0;
  }

  /* if there was input WCS then read the WCS info for the region in case they */
  /* are different and we have to transform */

  dotransform = 0;
  if ( aRgn->wcs.exists ) {
    regwcs = (WCSdata *) malloc ( sizeof(WCSdata) );
    if ( !regwcs ) {
      ffpmsg( "Failed to allocate memory for Region WCS data");
      *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
      goto error;
    }

    regwcs->exists = 1;
    if ( ffgtcs(fptr, icol[0], icol[1], ®wcs->xrefval,  ®wcs->yrefval,
		®wcs->xrefpix, ®wcs->yrefpix, ®wcs->xinc, ®wcs->yinc,
		®wcs->rot, regwcs->type, status) ) {
      regwcs->exists = 0;
      *status = 0;
    }

    if ( regwcs->exists && wcs->exists ) {
      if ( fabs(regwcs->xrefval-wcs->xrefval) > 1.0e-6 ||
	   fabs(regwcs->yrefval-wcs->yrefval) > 1.0e-6 ||
	   fabs(regwcs->xrefpix-wcs->xrefpix) > 1.0e-6 ||
	   fabs(regwcs->yrefpix-wcs->yrefpix) > 1.0e-6 ||
	   fabs(regwcs->xinc-wcs->xinc) > 1.0e-6 ||
	   fabs(regwcs->yinc-wcs->yinc) > 1.0e-6 ||
	   fabs(regwcs->rot-wcs->rot) > 1.0e-6 ||
	   !strcmp(regwcs->type,wcs->type) ) dotransform = 1;
    }
  }

  /* get the sizes of the X, Y, R, and ROTANG vectors */

  for (i=0; i<6; i++) {
    if ( ffgtdm(fptr, icol[i], 1, &idum, &icsize[i], status) ) {
      ffpmsg("Could not find vector size of column.");
      goto error;
    }
  }

  cvalue = (char *) malloc ((FLEN_VALUE+1)*sizeof(char));

  /* loop over the shapes - note 1-based counting for rows in FITS files */

  for (i=1; i<=aRgn->nShapes; i++) {

    newShape = &aRgn->Shapes[i-1];
    for (j=0; j<8; j++) newShape->param.gen.p[j] = 0.0;
    newShape->param.gen.a = 0.0;
    newShape->param.gen.b = 0.0;
    newShape->param.gen.sinT = 0.0;
    newShape->param.gen.cosT = 0.0;

    /* get the shape */

    if ( ffgcvs(fptr, icol[2], i, 1, 1, " ", &cvalue, &anynul, status) ) {
      ffpmsg("Could not read shape.");
      goto error;
    }

    /* set include or exclude */

    newShape->sign = 1;
    cvalue2 = cvalue;
    if ( !strncmp(cvalue,"!",1) ) {
      newShape->sign = 0;
      cvalue2++;
    }

    /* set the shape type */

    for (j=0; j<17; j++) {
      if ( !strcmp(cvalue2, shapename[j]) ) newShape->shape = shapetype[j];
    }

    /* allocate memory for polygon case and set coords pointer */

    if ( newShape->shape == poly_rgn ) {
      newShape->param.poly.Pts = (double *) calloc (2*icsize[0], sizeof(double));
      if ( !newShape->param.poly.Pts ) {
	ffpmsg("Could not allocate memory to hold polygon parameters" );
	*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
	goto error;
      }
      newShape->param.poly.nPts = 2*icsize[0];
      coords = newShape->param.poly.Pts;
    } else {
      coords = newShape->param.gen.p;
    }


  /* read X and Y. Polygon and Rectangle require special cases */

    npos = 1;
    if ( newShape->shape == poly_rgn ) npos = newShape->param.poly.nPts/2;
    if ( newShape->shape == rectangle_rgn ) npos = 2;

    for (j=0; jparam.poly.nPts = npos * 2;
	break;
      }
      coords++;
      
      if ( ffgcvd(fptr, icol[1], i, j+1, 1, DOUBLENULLVALUE, coords, &anynul, status) ) {
	ffpmsg("Failed to read Y column for polygon region");
	goto error;
      }
      if (*coords == DOUBLENULLVALUE) { /* check for null value end of array marker */
        npos = j;
	newShape->param.poly.nPts = npos * 2;
        coords--;
	break;
      }
      coords++;
 
      if (j == 0) {  /* save the first X and Y coordinate */
        Xsave = *(coords - 2);
	Ysave = *(coords - 1);
      } else if ((Xsave == *(coords - 2)) && (Ysave == *(coords - 1)) ) {
        /* if point has same coordinate as first point, this marks the end of the array */
        npos = j + 1;
	newShape->param.poly.nPts = npos * 2;
	break;
      }
    }

    /* transform positions if the region and input wcs differ */

    if ( dotransform ) {

      coords -= npos*2;
      Xsave = coords[0];
      Ysave = coords[1];
      for (j=0; jxrefval, regwcs->yrefval, regwcs->xrefpix,
	       regwcs->yrefpix, regwcs->xinc, regwcs->yinc, regwcs->rot,
	       regwcs->type, &Xpos, &Ypos, status);
	ffxypx(Xpos, Ypos, wcs->xrefval, wcs->yrefval, wcs->xrefpix,
	       wcs->yrefpix, wcs->xinc, wcs->yinc, wcs->rot,
	       wcs->type, &coords[2*j], &coords[2*j+1], status);
	if ( *status ) {
	  ffpmsg("Failed to transform coordinates");
	  goto error;
	}
      }
      coords += npos*2;
    }

  /* read R. Circle requires one number; Box, Diamond, Ellipse, Annulus, Sector 
     and Panda two; Boxannulus and Elliptannulus four; Point, Rectangle and 
     Polygon none. */

    npos = 0;
    switch ( newShape->shape ) {
    case circle_rgn: 
      npos = 1;
      break;
    case box_rgn:
    case diamond_rgn:
    case ellipse_rgn:
    case annulus_rgn:
    case sector_rgn:
      npos = 2;
      break;
    case boxannulus_rgn:
    case elliptannulus_rgn:
      npos = 4;
      break;
    default:
      break;
    }

    if ( npos > 0 ) {
      if ( ffgcvd(fptr, icol[3], i, 1, npos, 0.0, coords, &anynul, status) ) {
	ffpmsg("Failed to read R column for region");
	goto error;
      }

    /* transform lengths if the region and input wcs differ */

      if ( dotransform ) {
	for (j=0; jxrefval, regwcs->yrefval, regwcs->xrefpix,
		 regwcs->yrefpix, regwcs->xinc, regwcs->yinc, regwcs->rot,
		 regwcs->type, &Xpos, &Ypos, status);
	  ffxypx(Xpos, Ypos, wcs->xrefval, wcs->yrefval, wcs->xrefpix,
		 wcs->yrefpix, wcs->xinc, wcs->yinc, wcs->rot,
		 wcs->type, &X, &Y, status);
	  if ( *status ) {
	    ffpmsg("Failed to transform coordinates");
	    goto error;
	  }
	  *(coords++) = sqrt(pow(X-newShape->param.gen.p[0],2)+pow(Y-newShape->param.gen.p[1],2));
	}
      } else {
	coords += npos;
      }
    }

  /* read ROTANG. Requires two values for Boxannulus, Elliptannulus, Sector, 
     Panda; one for Box, Diamond, Ellipse; and none for Circle, Point, Annulus, 
     Rectangle, Polygon */

    npos = 0;
    switch ( newShape->shape ) {
    case box_rgn:
    case diamond_rgn:
    case ellipse_rgn:
      npos = 1;
      break;
    case boxannulus_rgn:
    case elliptannulus_rgn:
    case sector_rgn:
      npos = 2;
      break;
    default:
     break;
    }

    if ( npos > 0 ) {
      if ( ffgcvd(fptr, icol[4], i, 1, npos, 0.0, coords, &anynul, status) ) {
	ffpmsg("Failed to read ROTANG column for region");
	goto error;
      }

    /* transform angles if the region and input wcs differ */

      if ( dotransform ) {
	Theta = (wcs->rot) - (regwcs->rot);
	for (j=0; jcomp, &anynul, status) ) {
        ffpmsg("Failed to read COMPONENT column for region");
        goto error;
      }
    } else {
      newShape->comp = 1;
    }


    /* do some precalculations to speed up tests */

    fits_setup_shape(newShape);

    /* end loop over shapes */

  }

error:

   if( *status )
      fits_free_region( aRgn );
   else
      *Rgn = aRgn;

   ffclos(fptr, status);

   return( *status );
}

cfitsio-4.3.1/getcoli.c0000644000225700000360000022220513472024437014250 0ustar  cagordonlhea/*  This file, getcoli.c, contains routines that read data elements from   */
/*  a FITS image or table, with short datatype.                            */

/*  The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy    */
/*  Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA      */
/*  Goddard Space Flight Center.                                           */

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include "fitsio2.h"

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgpvi( fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,      /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
            LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
            short nulval,     /* I - value for undefined pixels              */
            short *array,     /* O - array of values that are returned       */
            int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being read).
  Undefined elements will be set equal to NULVAL, unless NULVAL=0
  in which case no checking for undefined values will be performed.
  ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined.
*/
{
    long row;
    char cdummy;
    int nullcheck = 1;
    short nullvalue;

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */
         nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */
        fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TSHORT, firstelem, nelem,
            nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }
    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffgcli(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval,
               array, &cdummy, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgpfi( fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,      /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
            LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
            short *array,     /* O - array of values that are returned       */
            char *nularray,   /* O - array of null pixel flags               */
            int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being read).
  Any undefined pixels in the returned array will be set = 0 and the 
  corresponding nularray value will be set = 1.
  ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined.
*/
{
    long row;
    int nullcheck = 2;

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TSHORT, firstelem, nelem,
            nullcheck, NULL, array, nularray, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffgcli(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0,
               array, nularray, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffg2di(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           long  group,     /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
           short nulval,    /* set undefined pixels equal to this          */
           LONGLONG  ncols,     /* I - number of pixels in each row of array   */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value                 */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value                 */
           short *array,    /* O - array to be filled and returned         */
           int  *anynul,    /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an entire 2-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being read).  Any null
  values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless
  nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed.
*/
{
    /* call the 3D reading routine, with the 3rd dimension = 1 */

    ffg3di(fptr, group, nulval, ncols, naxis2, naxis1, naxis2, 1, array, 
           anynul, status);

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffg3di(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           long  group,     /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
           short nulval,    /* set undefined pixels equal to this          */
           LONGLONG  ncols,     /* I - number of pixels in each row of array   */
           LONGLONG  nrows,     /* I - number of rows in each plane of array   */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value                 */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value                 */
           LONGLONG  naxis3,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS3 value                 */
           short *array,    /* O - array to be filled and returned         */
           int  *anynul,    /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an entire 3-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being read).  Any null
  values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless
  nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed.
*/
{
    long tablerow, ii, jj;
    LONGLONG nfits, narray;
    char cdummy;
    int nullcheck = 1;
    long inc[] = {1,1,1};
    LONGLONG fpixel[] = {1,1,1};
    LONGLONG lpixel[3];
    short nullvalue;

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        lpixel[0] = ncols;
        lpixel[1] = nrows;
        lpixel[2] = naxis3;
        nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */

        fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TSHORT, fpixel, lpixel, inc,
            nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */
    tablerow=maxvalue(1,group);

    if (ncols == naxis1 && nrows == naxis2)  /* arrays have same size? */
    {
       /* all the image pixels are contiguous, so read all at once */
       ffgcli(fptr, 2, tablerow, 1, naxis1 * naxis2 * naxis3, 1, 1, nulval,
               array, &cdummy, anynul, status);
       return(*status);
    }

    if (ncols < naxis1 || nrows < naxis2)
       return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);

    nfits = 1;   /* next pixel in FITS image to read */
    narray = 0;  /* next pixel in output array to be filled */

    /* loop over naxis3 planes in the data cube */
    for (jj = 0; jj < naxis3; jj++)
    {
      /* loop over the naxis2 rows in the FITS image, */
      /* reading naxis1 pixels to each row            */

      for (ii = 0; ii < naxis2; ii++)
      {
       if (ffgcli(fptr, 2, tablerow, nfits, naxis1, 1, 1, nulval,
          &array[narray], &cdummy, anynul, status) > 0)
          return(*status);

       nfits += naxis1;
       narray += ncols;
      }
      narray += (nrows - naxis2) * ncols;
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgsvi(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                         */
           int  colnum,    /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st)    */
           int naxis,      /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array    */
           long  *naxes,   /* I - size of each dimension                    */
           long  *blc,     /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection    */
           long  *trc,     /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection      */
           long  *inc,     /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */
           short nulval,   /* I - value to set undefined pixels             */
           short *array,   /* O - array to be filled and returned           */
           int  *anynul,   /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0   */
           int  *status)   /* IO - error status                             */
/*
  Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column.
  This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions.
*/
{
    long ii,i0, i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,row,rstr,rstp,rinc;
    long str[9],stp[9],incr[9],dir[9];
    long nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol;
    LONGLONG felem, dsize[10], blcll[9], trcll[9];
    int hdutype, anyf;
    char ldummy, msg[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    int nullcheck = 1;
    short nullvalue;

    if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9)
    {
        snprintf(msg,FLEN_ERRMSG, "NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvi is out of range", naxis);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);
    }

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) {
	    blcll[ii] = blc[ii];
	    trcll[ii] = trc[ii];
	}

        nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */

        fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TSHORT, blcll, trcll, inc,
            nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status);

        return(*status);
    }

/*
    if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should
    be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image
    data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1).
*/
    if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
        /* this is a primary array, or image extension */
        if (colnum == 0)
        {
            rstr = 1;
            rstp = 1;
        }
        else
        {
            rstr = colnum;
            rstp = colnum;
        }
        rinc = 1;
        numcol = 2;
    }
    else
    {
        /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */
        rstr = blc[naxis];
        rstp = trc[naxis];
        rinc = inc[naxis];
        numcol = colnum;
    }

    nultyp = 1;
    if (anynul)
        *anynul = FALSE;

    i0 = 0;
    for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++)
    {
        str[ii] = 1;
        stp[ii] = 1;
        incr[ii] = 1;
        dsize[ii] = 1;
        dir[ii] = 1;
    }

    for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++)
    {
      if (trc[ii] < blc[ii])
      {
        if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
        {
           dir[ii] = -1;
        }
        else
        {
          snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvi: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1);
          ffpmsg(msg);
          return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM);
        }
      }

      str[ii] = blc[ii];
      stp[ii] = trc[ii];
      incr[ii] = inc[ii];
      dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii];
      dsize[ii] = dsize[ii] * dir[ii];
    }
    dsize[naxis] = dsize[naxis] * dir[naxis];

    if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1)
    {
      /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */
      nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1;
      ninc = rinc;
      rstp = rstr;
    }
    else
    {
      /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */
      nelem = (stp[0]*dir[0] - str[0]*dir[0]) / inc[0] + 1;
      ninc = incr[0] * dir[0];
    }

    for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc)
    {
     for (i8 = str[8]*dir[8]; i8 <= stp[8]*dir[8]; i8 += incr[8])
     {
      for (i7 = str[7]*dir[7]; i7 <= stp[7]*dir[7]; i7 += incr[7])
      {
       for (i6 = str[6]*dir[6]; i6 <= stp[6]*dir[6]; i6 += incr[6])
       {
        for (i5 = str[5]*dir[5]; i5 <= stp[5]*dir[5]; i5 += incr[5])
        {
         for (i4 = str[4]*dir[4]; i4 <= stp[4]*dir[4]; i4 += incr[4])
         {
          for (i3 = str[3]*dir[3]; i3 <= stp[3]*dir[3]; i3 += incr[3])
          {
           for (i2 = str[2]*dir[2]; i2 <= stp[2]*dir[2]; i2 += incr[2])
           {
            for (i1 = str[1]*dir[1]; i1 <= stp[1]*dir[1]; i1 += incr[1])
            {

              felem=str[0] + (i1 - dir[1]) * dsize[1] + (i2 - dir[2]) * dsize[2] + 
                             (i3 - dir[3]) * dsize[3] + (i4 - dir[4]) * dsize[4] +
                             (i5 - dir[5]) * dsize[5] + (i6 - dir[6]) * dsize[6] +
                             (i7 - dir[7]) * dsize[7] + (i8 - dir[8]) * dsize[8];

              if ( ffgcli(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp,
                   nulval, &array[i0], &ldummy, &anyf, status) > 0)
                   return(*status);

              if (anyf && anynul)
                  *anynul = TRUE;

              i0 += nelem;
            }
           }
          }
         }
        }
       }
      }
     }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgsfi(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                         */
           int  colnum,    /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st)    */
           int naxis,      /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array    */
           long  *naxes,   /* I - size of each dimension                    */
           long  *blc,     /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection    */
           long  *trc,     /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection      */
           long  *inc,     /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */
           short *array,   /* O - array to be filled and returned           */
           char *flagval,  /* O - set to 1 if corresponding value is null   */
           int  *anynul,   /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0   */
           int  *status)   /* IO - error status                             */
/*
  Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column.
  This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions.
*/
{
    long ii,i0, i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,row,rstr,rstp,rinc;
    long str[9],stp[9],incr[9],dsize[10];
    LONGLONG blcll[9], trcll[9];
    long felem, nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol;
    int hdutype, anyf;
    short nulval = 0;
    char msg[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    int nullcheck = 2;

    if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9)
    {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvi is out of range", naxis);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);
    }

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) {
	    blcll[ii] = blc[ii];
	    trcll[ii] = trc[ii];
	}

        fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TSHORT, blcll, trcll, inc,
            nullcheck, NULL, array, flagval, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

/*
    if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should
    be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image
    data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1).
*/
    if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
        /* this is a primary array, or image extension */
        if (colnum == 0)
        {
            rstr = 1;
            rstp = 1;
        }
        else
        {
            rstr = colnum;
            rstp = colnum;
        }
        rinc = 1;
        numcol = 2;
    }
    else
    {
        /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */
        rstr = blc[naxis];
        rstp = trc[naxis];
        rinc = inc[naxis];
        numcol = colnum;
    }

    nultyp = 2;
    if (anynul)
        *anynul = FALSE;

    i0 = 0;
    for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++)
    {
        str[ii] = 1;
        stp[ii] = 1;
        incr[ii] = 1;
        dsize[ii] = 1;
    }

    for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++)
    {
      if (trc[ii] < blc[ii])
      {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvi: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM);
      }

      str[ii] = blc[ii];
      stp[ii] = trc[ii];
      incr[ii] = inc[ii];
      dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii];
    }

    if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1)
    {
      /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */
      nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1;
      ninc = rinc;
      rstp = rstr;
    }
    else
    {
      /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */
      nelem = (stp[0] - str[0]) / inc[0] + 1;
      ninc = incr[0];
    }

    for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc)
    {
     for (i8 = str[8]; i8 <= stp[8]; i8 += incr[8])
     {
      for (i7 = str[7]; i7 <= stp[7]; i7 += incr[7])
      {
       for (i6 = str[6]; i6 <= stp[6]; i6 += incr[6])
       {
        for (i5 = str[5]; i5 <= stp[5]; i5 += incr[5])
        {
         for (i4 = str[4]; i4 <= stp[4]; i4 += incr[4])
         {
          for (i3 = str[3]; i3 <= stp[3]; i3 += incr[3])
          {
           for (i2 = str[2]; i2 <= stp[2]; i2 += incr[2])
           {
            for (i1 = str[1]; i1 <= stp[1]; i1 += incr[1])
            {
              felem=str[0] + (i1 - 1) * dsize[1] + (i2 - 1) * dsize[2] + 
                             (i3 - 1) * dsize[3] + (i4 - 1) * dsize[4] +
                             (i5 - 1) * dsize[5] + (i6 - 1) * dsize[6] +
                             (i7 - 1) * dsize[7] + (i8 - 1) * dsize[8];

              if ( ffgcli(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp,
                   nulval, &array[i0], &flagval[i0], &anyf, status) > 0)
                   return(*status);

              if (anyf && anynul)
                  *anynul = TRUE;

              i0 += nelem;
            }
           }
          }
         }
        }
       }
      }
     }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffggpi( fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,      /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
            long  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            long  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
            short *array,     /* O - array of values that are returned       */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of group parameters from the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being read).
*/
{
    long row;
    int idummy;
    char cdummy;
    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffgcli(fptr, 1, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0,
               array, &cdummy, &idummy, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcvi(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           int  colnum,      /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col)  */
           LONGLONG  firstrow,   /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row)         */
           LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
           LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
           short nulval,     /* I - value for null pixels                   */
           short *array,     /* O - array of values that are read           */
           int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic
  datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not
  match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled 
  by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined.
  Any undefined pixels will be set equal to the value of 'nulval' unless
  nulval = 0 in which case no checks for undefined pixels will be made.
*/
{
    char cdummy;

    ffgcli(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval,
           array, &cdummy, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcfi(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           int  colnum,      /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col)  */
           LONGLONG  firstrow,   /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row)         */
           LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
           LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
           short *array,     /* O - array of values that are read           */
           char *nularray,   /* O - array of flags: 1 if null pixel; else 0 */
           int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic
  datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not
  match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled 
  by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined.
  Nularray will be set = 1 if the corresponding array pixel is undefined, 
  otherwise nularray will = 0.
*/
{
    short dummy = 0;

    ffgcli(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, dummy,
           array, nularray, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcli( fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            int  colnum,      /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col)  */
            LONGLONG  firstrow,   /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row)         */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
            long  elemincre,  /* I - pixel increment; e.g., 2 = every other  */
            int   nultyp,     /* I - null value handling code:               */
                              /*     1: set undefined pixels = nulval        */
                              /*     2: set nularray=1 for undefined pixels  */
            short nulval,     /* I - value for null pixels if nultyp = 1     */
            short *array,     /* O - array of values that are read           */
            char *nularray,   /* O - array of flags = 1 if nultyp = 2        */
            int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU.
  The column number may refer to a real column in an ASCII or binary table, 
  or it may refer be a virtual column in a 1 or more grouped FITS primary
  array or image extension.  FITSIO treats a primary array as a binary table
  with 2 vector columns: the first column contains the group parameters (often
  with length = 0) and the second column contains the array of image pixels.
  Each row of the table represents a group in the case of multigroup FITS
  images.

  The output array of values will be converted from the datatype of the column 
  and will be scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary.
*/
{
    double scale, zero, power = 1., dtemp;
    int tcode, maxelem2, hdutype, xcode, decimals;
    long twidth, incre;
    long ii, xwidth, ntodo;
    int convert, nulcheck, readcheck = 0;
    LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, readptr, tnull;
    LONGLONG rowlen, rownum, remain, next, rowincre, maxelem;
    char tform[20];
    char message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    char snull[20];   /*  the FITS null value if reading from ASCII table  */

    double cbuff[DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double)]; /* align cbuff on word boundary */
    void *buffer;

    if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0)  /* inherit input status value if > 0 */
        return(*status);

    buffer = cbuff;

    if (anynul)
        *anynul = 0;

    if (nultyp == 2)
        memset(nularray, 0, (size_t) nelem);   /* initialize nullarray */

    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Check input and get parameters about the column: */
    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    if (elemincre < 0)
        readcheck = -1;  /* don't do range checking in this case */

    if ( ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, readcheck, &scale, &zero,
         tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem2, &startpos, &elemnum, &incre,
         &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0 )
         return(*status);
    maxelem = maxelem2;

    incre *= elemincre;   /* multiply incre to just get every nth pixel */

    if (tcode == TSTRING)    /* setup for ASCII tables */
    {
      /* get the number of implied decimal places if no explicit decmal point */
      ffasfm(tform, &xcode, &xwidth, &decimals, status); 
      for(ii = 0; ii < decimals; ii++)
        power *= 10.;
    }
    /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Decide whether to check for null values in the input FITS file: */
    /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    nulcheck = nultyp; /* by default check for null values in the FITS file */

    if (nultyp == 1 && nulval == 0)
       nulcheck = 0;    /* calling routine does not want to check for nulls */

    else if (tcode%10 == 1 &&        /* if reading an integer column, and  */ 
            tnull == NULL_UNDEFINED) /* if a null value is not defined,    */
            nulcheck = 0;            /* then do not check for null values. */

    else if (tcode == TSHORT && (tnull > SHRT_MAX || tnull < SHRT_MIN) )
            nulcheck = 0;            /* Impossible null value */

    else if (tcode == TBYTE && (tnull > 255 || tnull < 0) )
            nulcheck = 0;            /* Impossible null value */

    else if (tcode == TSTRING && snull[0] == ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED)
         nulcheck = 0;

    /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  If FITS column and output data array have same datatype, then we do */
    /*  not need to use a temporary buffer to store intermediate datatype.  */
    /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    convert = 1;
    if (tcode == TSHORT) /* Special Case:                        */
    {                             /* no type convertion required, so read */
                                  /* data directly into output buffer.    */

        if (nelem < (LONGLONG)INT32_MAX/2) {
            maxelem = nelem;
        } else {
            maxelem = INT32_MAX/2;
        }

        if (nulcheck == 0 && scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
            convert = 0;  /* no need to scale data or find nulls */
    }

    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Now read the pixels from the FITS column. If the column does not   */
    /*  have the same datatype as the output array, then we have to read   */
    /*  the raw values into a temporary buffer (of limited size).  In      */
    /*  the case of a vector colum read only 1 vector of values at a time  */
    /*  then skip to the next row if more values need to be read.          */
    /*  After reading the raw values, then call the fffXXYY routine to (1) */
    /*  test for undefined values, (2) convert the datatype if necessary,  */
    /*  and (3) scale the values by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn linear      */
    /*  scaling parameters.                                                */
    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    remain = nelem;           /* remaining number of values to read */
    next = 0;                 /* next element in array to be read   */
    rownum = 0;               /* row number, relative to firstrow   */

    while (remain)
    {
        /* limit the number of pixels to read at one time to the number that
           will fit in the buffer or to the number of pixels that remain in
           the current vector, which ever is smaller.
        */
        ntodo = (long) minvalue(remain, maxelem);
        if (elemincre >= 0)
        {
          ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, ((repeat - elemnum - 1)/elemincre +1));
        }
        else
        {
          ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, (elemnum/(-elemincre) +1));
        }

        readptr = startpos + ((LONGLONG)rownum * rowlen) + (elemnum * (incre / elemincre));

        switch (tcode) 
        {
            case (TSHORT):
                ffgi2b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, &array[next], status);
                if (convert)
                    fffi2i2(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                           (short) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                           &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TLONGLONG):

                ffgi8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (long *) buffer, status);
                fffi8i2( (LONGLONG *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, 
                           nulcheck, tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], 
                            anynul, &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TBYTE):
                ffgi1b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (unsigned char *) buffer,
                      status);
                fffi1i2((unsigned char *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                    (unsigned char) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                    &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TLONG):
                ffgi4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (INT32BIT *) buffer,
                       status);
                fffi4i2((INT32BIT *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                       (INT32BIT) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                       &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TFLOAT):
                ffgr4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (float  *) buffer, status);
                fffr4i2((float  *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                       nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                       &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TDOUBLE):
                ffgr8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (double *) buffer, status);
                fffr8i2((double *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                          nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                          &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TSTRING):
                ffmbyt(fptr, readptr, REPORT_EOF, status);
       
                if (incre == twidth)    /* contiguous bytes */
                     ffgbyt(fptr, ntodo * twidth, buffer, status);
                else
                     ffgbytoff(fptr, twidth, ntodo, incre - twidth, buffer,
                               status);

                fffstri2((char *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, twidth, power,
                     nulcheck, snull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul,
                     &array[next], status);
                break;

            default:  /*  error trap for invalid column format */
                snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                   "Cannot read numbers from column %d which has format %s",
                    colnum, tform);
                ffpmsg(message);
                if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL)
                    return(*status = BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT);
                else
                    return(*status = BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT);

        } /* End of switch block */

        /*-------------------------*/
        /*  Check for fatal error  */
        /*-------------------------*/
        if (*status > 0)  /* test for error during previous read operation */
        {
	  dtemp = (double) next;
          if (hdutype > 0)
            snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,
            "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from column %d (ffgcli).",
              dtemp+1, dtemp+ntodo, colnum);
          else
            snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,
            "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from image (ffgcli).",
              dtemp+1, dtemp+ntodo);

          ffpmsg(message);
          return(*status);
        }

        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        /*  increment the counters for the next loop  */
        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        remain -= ntodo;
        if (remain)
        {
            next += ntodo;
            elemnum = elemnum + (ntodo * elemincre);

            if (elemnum >= repeat)  /* completed a row; start on later row */
            {
                rowincre = elemnum / repeat;
                rownum += rowincre;
                elemnum = elemnum - (rowincre * repeat);
            }
            else if (elemnum < 0) /* completed a row; start on a previous row */
            {
                rowincre = (-elemnum - 1) / repeat + 1;
                rownum -= rowincre;
                elemnum = (rowincre * repeat) + elemnum;
            }
        }
    }  /*  End of main while Loop  */


    /*--------------------------------*/
    /*  check for numerical overflow  */
    /*--------------------------------*/
    if (*status == OVERFLOW_ERR)
    {
        ffpmsg(
        "Numerical overflow during type conversion while reading FITS data.");
        *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi1i2(unsigned char *input, /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            unsigned char tnull,  /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
            short nullval,        /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            short *output,        /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
                output[ii] = (short) input[ii];  /* copy input to output */
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (short) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (short) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (short) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi2i2(short *input,         /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            short tnull,          /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
            short nullval,        /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            short *output,        /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            memmove(output, input, ntodo * sizeof(short) );
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (short) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = input[ii];
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (short) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi4i2(INT32BIT *input,      /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            INT32BIT tnull,       /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
            short nullval,        /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            short *output,        /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < SHRT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > SHRT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (short) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (short) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < SHRT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > SHRT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (short) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (short) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi8i2(LONGLONG *input,      /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            LONGLONG tnull,       /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
            short nullval,        /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            short *output,        /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    ULONGLONG ulltemp;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero ==  9223372036854775808.)
        {       
            /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */
            /* Instead of adding 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */
            /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) {
 
                ulltemp = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000);

                if (ulltemp > SHRT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                }
                else
		{
                    output[ii] = (short) ulltemp;
		}
            }
        }
        else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < SHRT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > SHRT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (short) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (short) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero ==  9223372036854775808.)
        {       
            /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */
            /* Instead of subtracting 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */
            /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) {
 
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
		{
                    ulltemp = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000);

                    if (ulltemp > SHRT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
		    {
                        output[ii] = (short) ulltemp;
		    }
                }
            }
        }
        else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < SHRT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > SHRT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (short) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (short) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffr4i2(float *input,         /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            short nullval,        /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            short *output,        /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    short *sptr, iret;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < DSHRT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > DSHRT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (short) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (short) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        sptr = (short *) input;

#if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS
        sptr++;       /* point to MSBs */
#endif

        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                     output[ii] = 0;
              }
              else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < DSHRT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > DSHRT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (short) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {  
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                  {
                    if (zero < DSHRT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                    }
                    else if (zero > DSHRT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (short) zero;
                  }
              }
              else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (short) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffr8i2(double *input,        /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            short nullval,        /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            short *output,        /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    short *sptr, iret;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < DSHRT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > DSHRT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (short) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (short) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        sptr = (short *) input;

#if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS
        sptr += 3;       /* point to MSBs */
#endif
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                     output[ii] = 0;
              }
              else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < DSHRT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > DSHRT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (short) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {  
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                  {
                    if (zero < DSHRT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                    }
                    else if (zero > DSHRT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (short) zero;
                  }
              }
              else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (short) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffstri2(char *input,         /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            long twidth,          /* I - width of each substring of chars    */
            double implipower,    /* I - power of 10 of implied decimal      */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            char  *snull,         /* I - value of FITS null string, if any   */
            short nullval,        /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            short *output,        /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check
  for null values and do scaling if required. The nullcheck code value
  determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null
  value is an input pixel that is equal to snull.  If nullcheck= 0, then
  no special checking for nulls is performed.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    int nullen;
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    char *cstring, message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    char *cptr, *tpos;
    char tempstore, chrzero = '0';
    double val, power;
    int exponent, sign, esign, decpt;

    nullen = strlen(snull);
    cptr = input;  /* pointer to start of input string */
    for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
    {
      cstring = cptr;
      /* temporarily insert a null terminator at end of the string */
      tpos = cptr + twidth;
      tempstore = *tpos;
      *tpos = 0;

      /* check if null value is defined, and if the    */
      /* column string is identical to the null string */
      if (snull[0] != ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED && 
         !strncmp(snull, cptr, nullen) )
      {
        if (nullcheck)  
        {
          *anynull = 1;    
          if (nullcheck == 1)
            output[ii] = nullval;
          else
            nullarray[ii] = 1;
        }
        cptr += twidth;
      }
      else
      {
        /* value is not the null value, so decode it */
        /* remove any embedded blank characters from the string */

        decpt = 0;
        sign = 1;
        val  = 0.;
        power = 1.;
        exponent = 0;
        esign = 1;

        while (*cptr == ' ')               /* skip leading blanks */
           cptr++;

        if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+')  /* check for leading sign */
        {
          if (*cptr == '-')
             sign = -1;

          cptr++;

          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip blanks between sign and value */
            cptr++;
        }

        while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9')
        {
          val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero;  /* accumulate the value */
          cptr++;

          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip embedded blanks in the value */
            cptr++;
        }

        if (*cptr == '.' || *cptr == ',')       /* check for decimal point */
        {
          decpt = 1;       /* set flag to show there was a decimal point */
          cptr++;
          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip any blanks */
            cptr++;

          while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9')
          {
            val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero;  /* accumulate the value */
            power = power * 10.;
            cptr++;

            while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip embedded blanks in the value */
              cptr++;
          }
        }

        if (*cptr == 'E' || *cptr == 'D')  /* check for exponent */
        {
          cptr++;
          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip blanks */
              cptr++;
  
          if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+')  /* check for exponent sign */
          {
            if (*cptr == '-')
               esign = -1;

            cptr++;

            while (*cptr == ' ')        /* skip blanks between sign and exp */
              cptr++;
          }

          while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9')
          {
            exponent = exponent * 10 + *cptr - chrzero;  /* accumulate exp */
            cptr++;

            while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip embedded blanks */
              cptr++;
          }
        }

        if (*cptr  != 0)  /* should end up at the null terminator */
        {
          snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Cannot read number from ASCII table");
          ffpmsg(message);
          snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Column field = %s.", cstring);
          ffpmsg(message);
          /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */
          *tpos = tempstore;
          return(*status = BAD_C2D);
        }

        if (!decpt)  /* if no explicit decimal, use implied */
           power = implipower;

        dvalue = (sign * val / power) * pow(10., (double) (esign * exponent));

        dvalue = dvalue * scale + zero;   /* apply the scaling */

        if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
        {
            *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
            output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
        }
        else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
        {
            *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
            output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
        }
        else
            output[ii] = (short) dvalue;
      }
      /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */
      *tpos = tempstore;
    }
    return(*status);
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/configure0000755000225700000360000063361714523040557014401 0ustar  cagordonlhea#! /bin/sh
# Guess values for system-dependent variables and create Makefiles.
# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71.
#
#
# Copyright (C) 1992-1996, 1998-2017, 2020-2021 Free Software Foundation,
# Inc.
#
#
# This configure script is free software; the Free Software Foundation
# gives unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it.
## -------------------- ##
## M4sh Initialization. ##
## -------------------- ##

# Be more Bourne compatible
DUALCASE=1; export DUALCASE # for MKS sh
as_nop=:
if test ${ZSH_VERSION+y} && (emulate sh) >/dev/null 2>&1
then :
  emulate sh
  NULLCMD=:
  # Pre-4.2 versions of Zsh do word splitting on ${1+"$@"}, which
  # is contrary to our usage.  Disable this feature.
  alias -g '${1+"$@"}'='"$@"'
  setopt NO_GLOB_SUBST
else $as_nop
  case `(set -o) 2>/dev/null` in #(
  *posix*) :
    set -o posix ;; #(
  *) :
     ;;
esac
fi



# Reset variables that may have inherited troublesome values from
# the environment.

# IFS needs to be set, to space, tab, and newline, in precisely that order.
# (If _AS_PATH_WALK were called with IFS unset, it would have the
# side effect of setting IFS to empty, thus disabling word splitting.)
# Quoting is to prevent editors from complaining about space-tab.
as_nl='
'
export as_nl
IFS=" ""	$as_nl"

PS1='$ '
PS2='> '
PS4='+ '

# Ensure predictable behavior from utilities with locale-dependent output.
LC_ALL=C
export LC_ALL
LANGUAGE=C
export LANGUAGE

# We cannot yet rely on "unset" to work, but we need these variables
# to be unset--not just set to an empty or harmless value--now, to
# avoid bugs in old shells (e.g. pre-3.0 UWIN ksh).  This construct
# also avoids known problems related to "unset" and subshell syntax
# in other old shells (e.g. bash 2.01 and pdksh 5.2.14).
for as_var in BASH_ENV ENV MAIL MAILPATH CDPATH
do eval test \${$as_var+y} \
  && ( (unset $as_var) || exit 1) >/dev/null 2>&1 && unset $as_var || :
done

# Ensure that fds 0, 1, and 2 are open.
if (exec 3>&0) 2>/dev/null; then :; else exec 0&1) 2>/dev/null; then :; else exec 1>/dev/null; fi
if (exec 3>&2)            ; then :; else exec 2>/dev/null; fi

# The user is always right.
if ${PATH_SEPARATOR+false} :; then
  PATH_SEPARATOR=:
  (PATH='/bin;/bin'; FPATH=$PATH; sh -c :) >/dev/null 2>&1 && {
    (PATH='/bin:/bin'; FPATH=$PATH; sh -c :) >/dev/null 2>&1 ||
      PATH_SEPARATOR=';'
  }
fi


# Find who we are.  Look in the path if we contain no directory separator.
as_myself=
case $0 in #((
  *[\\/]* ) as_myself=$0 ;;
  *) as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    test -r "$as_dir$0" && as_myself=$as_dir$0 && break
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

     ;;
esac
# We did not find ourselves, most probably we were run as `sh COMMAND'
# in which case we are not to be found in the path.
if test "x$as_myself" = x; then
  as_myself=$0
fi
if test ! -f "$as_myself"; then
  printf "%s\n" "$as_myself: error: cannot find myself; rerun with an absolute file name" >&2
  exit 1
fi


# Use a proper internal environment variable to ensure we don't fall
  # into an infinite loop, continuously re-executing ourselves.
  if test x"${_as_can_reexec}" != xno && test "x$CONFIG_SHELL" != x; then
    _as_can_reexec=no; export _as_can_reexec;
    # We cannot yet assume a decent shell, so we have to provide a
# neutralization value for shells without unset; and this also
# works around shells that cannot unset nonexistent variables.
# Preserve -v and -x to the replacement shell.
BASH_ENV=/dev/null
ENV=/dev/null
(unset BASH_ENV) >/dev/null 2>&1 && unset BASH_ENV ENV
case $- in # ((((
  *v*x* | *x*v* ) as_opts=-vx ;;
  *v* ) as_opts=-v ;;
  *x* ) as_opts=-x ;;
  * ) as_opts= ;;
esac
exec $CONFIG_SHELL $as_opts "$as_myself" ${1+"$@"}
# Admittedly, this is quite paranoid, since all the known shells bail
# out after a failed `exec'.
printf "%s\n" "$0: could not re-execute with $CONFIG_SHELL" >&2
exit 255
  fi
  # We don't want this to propagate to other subprocesses.
          { _as_can_reexec=; unset _as_can_reexec;}
if test "x$CONFIG_SHELL" = x; then
  as_bourne_compatible="as_nop=:
if test \${ZSH_VERSION+y} && (emulate sh) >/dev/null 2>&1
then :
  emulate sh
  NULLCMD=:
  # Pre-4.2 versions of Zsh do word splitting on \${1+\"\$@\"}, which
  # is contrary to our usage.  Disable this feature.
  alias -g '\${1+\"\$@\"}'='\"\$@\"'
  setopt NO_GLOB_SUBST
else \$as_nop
  case \`(set -o) 2>/dev/null\` in #(
  *posix*) :
    set -o posix ;; #(
  *) :
     ;;
esac
fi
"
  as_required="as_fn_return () { (exit \$1); }
as_fn_success () { as_fn_return 0; }
as_fn_failure () { as_fn_return 1; }
as_fn_ret_success () { return 0; }
as_fn_ret_failure () { return 1; }

exitcode=0
as_fn_success || { exitcode=1; echo as_fn_success failed.; }
as_fn_failure && { exitcode=1; echo as_fn_failure succeeded.; }
as_fn_ret_success || { exitcode=1; echo as_fn_ret_success failed.; }
as_fn_ret_failure && { exitcode=1; echo as_fn_ret_failure succeeded.; }
if ( set x; as_fn_ret_success y && test x = \"\$1\" )
then :

else \$as_nop
  exitcode=1; echo positional parameters were not saved.
fi
test x\$exitcode = x0 || exit 1
blah=\$(echo \$(echo blah))
test x\"\$blah\" = xblah || exit 1
test -x / || exit 1"
  as_suggested="  as_lineno_1=";as_suggested=$as_suggested$LINENO;as_suggested=$as_suggested" as_lineno_1a=\$LINENO
  as_lineno_2=";as_suggested=$as_suggested$LINENO;as_suggested=$as_suggested" as_lineno_2a=\$LINENO
  eval 'test \"x\$as_lineno_1'\$as_run'\" != \"x\$as_lineno_2'\$as_run'\" &&
  test \"x\`expr \$as_lineno_1'\$as_run' + 1\`\" = \"x\$as_lineno_2'\$as_run'\"' || exit 1"
  if (eval "$as_required") 2>/dev/null
then :
  as_have_required=yes
else $as_nop
  as_have_required=no
fi
  if test x$as_have_required = xyes && (eval "$as_suggested") 2>/dev/null
then :

else $as_nop
  as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
as_found=false
for as_dir in /bin$PATH_SEPARATOR/usr/bin$PATH_SEPARATOR$PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
  as_found=:
  case $as_dir in #(
	 /*)
	   for as_base in sh bash ksh sh5; do
	     # Try only shells that exist, to save several forks.
	     as_shell=$as_dir$as_base
	     if { test -f "$as_shell" || test -f "$as_shell.exe"; } &&
		    as_run=a "$as_shell" -c "$as_bourne_compatible""$as_required" 2>/dev/null
then :
  CONFIG_SHELL=$as_shell as_have_required=yes
		   if as_run=a "$as_shell" -c "$as_bourne_compatible""$as_suggested" 2>/dev/null
then :
  break 2
fi
fi
	   done;;
       esac
  as_found=false
done
IFS=$as_save_IFS
if $as_found
then :

else $as_nop
  if { test -f "$SHELL" || test -f "$SHELL.exe"; } &&
	      as_run=a "$SHELL" -c "$as_bourne_compatible""$as_required" 2>/dev/null
then :
  CONFIG_SHELL=$SHELL as_have_required=yes
fi
fi


      if test "x$CONFIG_SHELL" != x
then :
  export CONFIG_SHELL
             # We cannot yet assume a decent shell, so we have to provide a
# neutralization value for shells without unset; and this also
# works around shells that cannot unset nonexistent variables.
# Preserve -v and -x to the replacement shell.
BASH_ENV=/dev/null
ENV=/dev/null
(unset BASH_ENV) >/dev/null 2>&1 && unset BASH_ENV ENV
case $- in # ((((
  *v*x* | *x*v* ) as_opts=-vx ;;
  *v* ) as_opts=-v ;;
  *x* ) as_opts=-x ;;
  * ) as_opts= ;;
esac
exec $CONFIG_SHELL $as_opts "$as_myself" ${1+"$@"}
# Admittedly, this is quite paranoid, since all the known shells bail
# out after a failed `exec'.
printf "%s\n" "$0: could not re-execute with $CONFIG_SHELL" >&2
exit 255
fi

    if test x$as_have_required = xno
then :
  printf "%s\n" "$0: This script requires a shell more modern than all"
  printf "%s\n" "$0: the shells that I found on your system."
  if test ${ZSH_VERSION+y} ; then
    printf "%s\n" "$0: In particular, zsh $ZSH_VERSION has bugs and should"
    printf "%s\n" "$0: be upgraded to zsh 4.3.4 or later."
  else
    printf "%s\n" "$0: Please tell bug-autoconf@gnu.org about your system,
$0: including any error possibly output before this
$0: message. Then install a modern shell, or manually run
$0: the script under such a shell if you do have one."
  fi
  exit 1
fi
fi
fi
SHELL=${CONFIG_SHELL-/bin/sh}
export SHELL
# Unset more variables known to interfere with behavior of common tools.
CLICOLOR_FORCE= GREP_OPTIONS=
unset CLICOLOR_FORCE GREP_OPTIONS

## --------------------- ##
## M4sh Shell Functions. ##
## --------------------- ##
# as_fn_unset VAR
# ---------------
# Portably unset VAR.
as_fn_unset ()
{
  { eval $1=; unset $1;}
}
as_unset=as_fn_unset


# as_fn_set_status STATUS
# -----------------------
# Set $? to STATUS, without forking.
as_fn_set_status ()
{
  return $1
} # as_fn_set_status

# as_fn_exit STATUS
# -----------------
# Exit the shell with STATUS, even in a "trap 0" or "set -e" context.
as_fn_exit ()
{
  set +e
  as_fn_set_status $1
  exit $1
} # as_fn_exit
# as_fn_nop
# ---------
# Do nothing but, unlike ":", preserve the value of $?.
as_fn_nop ()
{
  return $?
}
as_nop=as_fn_nop

# as_fn_mkdir_p
# -------------
# Create "$as_dir" as a directory, including parents if necessary.
as_fn_mkdir_p ()
{

  case $as_dir in #(
  -*) as_dir=./$as_dir;;
  esac
  test -d "$as_dir" || eval $as_mkdir_p || {
    as_dirs=
    while :; do
      case $as_dir in #(
      *\'*) as_qdir=`printf "%s\n" "$as_dir" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"`;; #'(
      *) as_qdir=$as_dir;;
      esac
      as_dirs="'$as_qdir' $as_dirs"
      as_dir=`$as_dirname -- "$as_dir" ||
$as_expr X"$as_dir" : 'X\(.*[^/]\)//*[^/][^/]*/*$' \| \
	 X"$as_dir" : 'X\(//\)[^/]' \| \
	 X"$as_dir" : 'X\(//\)$' \| \
	 X"$as_dir" : 'X\(/\)' \| . 2>/dev/null ||
printf "%s\n" X"$as_dir" |
    sed '/^X\(.*[^/]\)\/\/*[^/][^/]*\/*$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)[^/].*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\).*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  s/.*/./; q'`
      test -d "$as_dir" && break
    done
    test -z "$as_dirs" || eval "mkdir $as_dirs"
  } || test -d "$as_dir" || as_fn_error $? "cannot create directory $as_dir"


} # as_fn_mkdir_p

# as_fn_executable_p FILE
# -----------------------
# Test if FILE is an executable regular file.
as_fn_executable_p ()
{
  test -f "$1" && test -x "$1"
} # as_fn_executable_p
# as_fn_append VAR VALUE
# ----------------------
# Append the text in VALUE to the end of the definition contained in VAR. Take
# advantage of any shell optimizations that allow amortized linear growth over
# repeated appends, instead of the typical quadratic growth present in naive
# implementations.
if (eval "as_var=1; as_var+=2; test x\$as_var = x12") 2>/dev/null
then :
  eval 'as_fn_append ()
  {
    eval $1+=\$2
  }'
else $as_nop
  as_fn_append ()
  {
    eval $1=\$$1\$2
  }
fi # as_fn_append

# as_fn_arith ARG...
# ------------------
# Perform arithmetic evaluation on the ARGs, and store the result in the
# global $as_val. Take advantage of shells that can avoid forks. The arguments
# must be portable across $(()) and expr.
if (eval "test \$(( 1 + 1 )) = 2") 2>/dev/null
then :
  eval 'as_fn_arith ()
  {
    as_val=$(( $* ))
  }'
else $as_nop
  as_fn_arith ()
  {
    as_val=`expr "$@" || test $? -eq 1`
  }
fi # as_fn_arith

# as_fn_nop
# ---------
# Do nothing but, unlike ":", preserve the value of $?.
as_fn_nop ()
{
  return $?
}
as_nop=as_fn_nop
# as_fn_nop
# ---------
# Do nothing but, unlike ":", preserve the value of $?.
as_fn_nop ()
{
  return $?
}
as_nop=as_fn_nop

# as_fn_error STATUS ERROR [LINENO LOG_FD]
# ----------------------------------------
# Output "`basename $0`: error: ERROR" to stderr. If LINENO and LOG_FD are
# provided, also output the error to LOG_FD, referencing LINENO. Then exit the
# script with STATUS, using 1 if that was 0.
as_fn_error ()
{
  as_status=$1; test $as_status -eq 0 && as_status=1
  if test "$4"; then
    as_lineno=${as_lineno-"$3"} as_lineno_stack=as_lineno_stack=$as_lineno_stack
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: $2" >&$4
  fi
  printf "%s\n" "$as_me: error: $2" >&2
  as_fn_exit $as_status
} # as_fn_error

if expr a : '\(a\)' >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
   test "X`expr 00001 : '.*\(...\)'`" = X001; then
  as_expr=expr
else
  as_expr=false
fi

if (basename -- /) >/dev/null 2>&1 && test "X`basename -- / 2>&1`" = "X/"; then
  as_basename=basename
else
  as_basename=false
fi

if (as_dir=`dirname -- /` && test "X$as_dir" = X/) >/dev/null 2>&1; then
  as_dirname=dirname
else
  as_dirname=false
fi

as_me=`$as_basename -- "$0" ||
$as_expr X/"$0" : '.*/\([^/][^/]*\)/*$' \| \
	 X"$0" : 'X\(//\)$' \| \
	 X"$0" : 'X\(/\)' \| . 2>/dev/null ||
printf "%s\n" X/"$0" |
    sed '/^.*\/\([^/][^/]*\)\/*$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\/\(\/\/\)$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\/\(\/\).*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  s/.*/./; q'`

# Avoid depending upon Character Ranges.
as_cr_letters='abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
as_cr_LETTERS='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
as_cr_Letters=$as_cr_letters$as_cr_LETTERS
as_cr_digits='0123456789'
as_cr_alnum=$as_cr_Letters$as_cr_digits


  as_lineno_1=$LINENO as_lineno_1a=$LINENO
  as_lineno_2=$LINENO as_lineno_2a=$LINENO
  eval 'test "x$as_lineno_1'$as_run'" != "x$as_lineno_2'$as_run'" &&
  test "x`expr $as_lineno_1'$as_run' + 1`" = "x$as_lineno_2'$as_run'"' || {
  # Blame Lee E. McMahon (1931-1989) for sed's syntax.  :-)
  sed -n '
    p
    /[$]LINENO/=
  ' <$as_myself |
    sed '
      s/[$]LINENO.*/&-/
      t lineno
      b
      :lineno
      N
      :loop
      s/[$]LINENO\([^'$as_cr_alnum'_].*\n\)\(.*\)/\2\1\2/
      t loop
      s/-\n.*//
    ' >$as_me.lineno &&
  chmod +x "$as_me.lineno" ||
    { printf "%s\n" "$as_me: error: cannot create $as_me.lineno; rerun with a POSIX shell" >&2; as_fn_exit 1; }

  # If we had to re-execute with $CONFIG_SHELL, we're ensured to have
  # already done that, so ensure we don't try to do so again and fall
  # in an infinite loop.  This has already happened in practice.
  _as_can_reexec=no; export _as_can_reexec
  # Don't try to exec as it changes $[0], causing all sort of problems
  # (the dirname of $[0] is not the place where we might find the
  # original and so on.  Autoconf is especially sensitive to this).
  . "./$as_me.lineno"
  # Exit status is that of the last command.
  exit
}


# Determine whether it's possible to make 'echo' print without a newline.
# These variables are no longer used directly by Autoconf, but are AC_SUBSTed
# for compatibility with existing Makefiles.
ECHO_C= ECHO_N= ECHO_T=
case `echo -n x` in #(((((
-n*)
  case `echo 'xy\c'` in
  *c*) ECHO_T='	';;	# ECHO_T is single tab character.
  xy)  ECHO_C='\c';;
  *)   echo `echo ksh88 bug on AIX 6.1` > /dev/null
       ECHO_T='	';;
  esac;;
*)
  ECHO_N='-n';;
esac

# For backward compatibility with old third-party macros, we provide
# the shell variables $as_echo and $as_echo_n.  New code should use
# AS_ECHO(["message"]) and AS_ECHO_N(["message"]), respectively.
as_echo='printf %s\n'
as_echo_n='printf %s'


rm -f conf$$ conf$$.exe conf$$.file
if test -d conf$$.dir; then
  rm -f conf$$.dir/conf$$.file
else
  rm -f conf$$.dir
  mkdir conf$$.dir 2>/dev/null
fi
if (echo >conf$$.file) 2>/dev/null; then
  if ln -s conf$$.file conf$$ 2>/dev/null; then
    as_ln_s='ln -s'
    # ... but there are two gotchas:
    # 1) On MSYS, both `ln -s file dir' and `ln file dir' fail.
    # 2) DJGPP < 2.04 has no symlinks; `ln -s' creates a wrapper executable.
    # In both cases, we have to default to `cp -pR'.
    ln -s conf$$.file conf$$.dir 2>/dev/null && test ! -f conf$$.exe ||
      as_ln_s='cp -pR'
  elif ln conf$$.file conf$$ 2>/dev/null; then
    as_ln_s=ln
  else
    as_ln_s='cp -pR'
  fi
else
  as_ln_s='cp -pR'
fi
rm -f conf$$ conf$$.exe conf$$.dir/conf$$.file conf$$.file
rmdir conf$$.dir 2>/dev/null

if mkdir -p . 2>/dev/null; then
  as_mkdir_p='mkdir -p "$as_dir"'
else
  test -d ./-p && rmdir ./-p
  as_mkdir_p=false
fi

as_test_x='test -x'
as_executable_p=as_fn_executable_p

# Sed expression to map a string onto a valid CPP name.
as_tr_cpp="eval sed 'y%*$as_cr_letters%P$as_cr_LETTERS%;s%[^_$as_cr_alnum]%_%g'"

# Sed expression to map a string onto a valid variable name.
as_tr_sh="eval sed 'y%*+%pp%;s%[^_$as_cr_alnum]%_%g'"


test -n "$DJDIR" || exec 7<&0 &1

# Name of the host.
# hostname on some systems (SVR3.2, old GNU/Linux) returns a bogus exit status,
# so uname gets run too.
ac_hostname=`(hostname || uname -n) 2>/dev/null | sed 1q`

#
# Initializations.
#
ac_default_prefix=/usr/local
ac_clean_files=
ac_config_libobj_dir=.
LIBOBJS=
cross_compiling=no
subdirs=
MFLAGS=
MAKEFLAGS=

# Identity of this package.
PACKAGE_NAME=''
PACKAGE_TARNAME=''
PACKAGE_VERSION=''
PACKAGE_STRING=''
PACKAGE_BUGREPORT=''
PACKAGE_URL=''

ac_unique_file="fitscore.c"
# Factoring default headers for most tests.
ac_includes_default="\
#include 
#ifdef HAVE_STDIO_H
# include 
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
# include 
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
# include 
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_INTTYPES_H
# include 
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
# include 
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STRINGS_H
# include 
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
# include 
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
# include 
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
# include 
#endif"

ac_header_c_list=
ac_default_prefix=`pwd`
ac_subst_vars='LTLIBOBJS
LIBOBJS
my_shmem
LDFLAGS_BIN
F77_WRAPPERS
CFITSIO_SHLIB_SONAME
CFITSIO_SHLIB
SHLIB_SUFFIX
SHLIB_LD
LIBPRE
ARCH
LIBS_CURL
CURLCONFIG
GCCVERSION
SSE_FLAGS
RANLIB
ARCHIVE
AR
FC
INSTALL_ROOT
GSIFTP_SRC
OBJEXT
EXEEXT
ac_ct_CC
CPPFLAGS
LDFLAGS
CFLAGS
CC
CFITSIO_SONAME
CFITSIO_MICRO
CFITSIO_MINOR
CFITSIO_MAJOR
target_os
target_vendor
target_cpu
target
host_os
host_vendor
host_cpu
host
build_os
build_vendor
build_cpu
build
target_alias
host_alias
build_alias
LIBS
ECHO_T
ECHO_N
ECHO_C
DEFS
mandir
localedir
libdir
psdir
pdfdir
dvidir
htmldir
infodir
docdir
oldincludedir
includedir
runstatedir
localstatedir
sharedstatedir
sysconfdir
datadir
datarootdir
libexecdir
sbindir
bindir
program_transform_name
prefix
exec_prefix
PACKAGE_URL
PACKAGE_BUGREPORT
PACKAGE_STRING
PACKAGE_VERSION
PACKAGE_TARNAME
PACKAGE_NAME
PATH_SEPARATOR
SHELL'
ac_subst_files=''
ac_user_opts='
enable_option_checking
enable_curl
enable_reentrant
enable_sse2
enable_ssse3
enable_symbols
enable_hera
with_bzip2
with_gsiftp
with_gsiftp_flavour
with_zlib_check
'
      ac_precious_vars='build_alias
host_alias
target_alias
CC
CFLAGS
LDFLAGS
LIBS
CPPFLAGS'


# Initialize some variables set by options.
ac_init_help=
ac_init_version=false
ac_unrecognized_opts=
ac_unrecognized_sep=
# The variables have the same names as the options, with
# dashes changed to underlines.
cache_file=/dev/null
exec_prefix=NONE
no_create=
no_recursion=
prefix=NONE
program_prefix=NONE
program_suffix=NONE
program_transform_name=s,x,x,
silent=
site=
srcdir=
verbose=
x_includes=NONE
x_libraries=NONE

# Installation directory options.
# These are left unexpanded so users can "make install exec_prefix=/foo"
# and all the variables that are supposed to be based on exec_prefix
# by default will actually change.
# Use braces instead of parens because sh, perl, etc. also accept them.
# (The list follows the same order as the GNU Coding Standards.)
bindir='${exec_prefix}/bin'
sbindir='${exec_prefix}/sbin'
libexecdir='${exec_prefix}/libexec'
datarootdir='${prefix}/share'
datadir='${datarootdir}'
sysconfdir='${prefix}/etc'
sharedstatedir='${prefix}/com'
localstatedir='${prefix}/var'
runstatedir='${localstatedir}/run'
includedir='${prefix}/include'
oldincludedir='/usr/include'
docdir='${datarootdir}/doc/${PACKAGE}'
infodir='${datarootdir}/info'
htmldir='${docdir}'
dvidir='${docdir}'
pdfdir='${docdir}'
psdir='${docdir}'
libdir='${exec_prefix}/lib'
localedir='${datarootdir}/locale'
mandir='${datarootdir}/man'

ac_prev=
ac_dashdash=
for ac_option
do
  # If the previous option needs an argument, assign it.
  if test -n "$ac_prev"; then
    eval $ac_prev=\$ac_option
    ac_prev=
    continue
  fi

  case $ac_option in
  *=?*) ac_optarg=`expr "X$ac_option" : '[^=]*=\(.*\)'` ;;
  *=)   ac_optarg= ;;
  *)    ac_optarg=yes ;;
  esac

  case $ac_dashdash$ac_option in
  --)
    ac_dashdash=yes ;;

  -bindir | --bindir | --bindi | --bind | --bin | --bi)
    ac_prev=bindir ;;
  -bindir=* | --bindir=* | --bindi=* | --bind=* | --bin=* | --bi=*)
    bindir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -build | --build | --buil | --bui | --bu)
    ac_prev=build_alias ;;
  -build=* | --build=* | --buil=* | --bui=* | --bu=*)
    build_alias=$ac_optarg ;;

  -cache-file | --cache-file | --cache-fil | --cache-fi \
  | --cache-f | --cache- | --cache | --cach | --cac | --ca | --c)
    ac_prev=cache_file ;;
  -cache-file=* | --cache-file=* | --cache-fil=* | --cache-fi=* \
  | --cache-f=* | --cache-=* | --cache=* | --cach=* | --cac=* | --ca=* | --c=*)
    cache_file=$ac_optarg ;;

  --config-cache | -C)
    cache_file=config.cache ;;

  -datadir | --datadir | --datadi | --datad)
    ac_prev=datadir ;;
  -datadir=* | --datadir=* | --datadi=* | --datad=*)
    datadir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -datarootdir | --datarootdir | --datarootdi | --datarootd | --dataroot \
  | --dataroo | --dataro | --datar)
    ac_prev=datarootdir ;;
  -datarootdir=* | --datarootdir=* | --datarootdi=* | --datarootd=* \
  | --dataroot=* | --dataroo=* | --dataro=* | --datar=*)
    datarootdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -disable-* | --disable-*)
    ac_useropt=`expr "x$ac_option" : 'x-*disable-\(.*\)'`
    # Reject names that are not valid shell variable names.
    expr "x$ac_useropt" : ".*[^-+._$as_cr_alnum]" >/dev/null &&
      as_fn_error $? "invalid feature name: \`$ac_useropt'"
    ac_useropt_orig=$ac_useropt
    ac_useropt=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_useropt" | sed 's/[-+.]/_/g'`
    case $ac_user_opts in
      *"
"enable_$ac_useropt"
"*) ;;
      *) ac_unrecognized_opts="$ac_unrecognized_opts$ac_unrecognized_sep--disable-$ac_useropt_orig"
	 ac_unrecognized_sep=', ';;
    esac
    eval enable_$ac_useropt=no ;;

  -docdir | --docdir | --docdi | --doc | --do)
    ac_prev=docdir ;;
  -docdir=* | --docdir=* | --docdi=* | --doc=* | --do=*)
    docdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -dvidir | --dvidir | --dvidi | --dvid | --dvi | --dv)
    ac_prev=dvidir ;;
  -dvidir=* | --dvidir=* | --dvidi=* | --dvid=* | --dvi=* | --dv=*)
    dvidir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -enable-* | --enable-*)
    ac_useropt=`expr "x$ac_option" : 'x-*enable-\([^=]*\)'`
    # Reject names that are not valid shell variable names.
    expr "x$ac_useropt" : ".*[^-+._$as_cr_alnum]" >/dev/null &&
      as_fn_error $? "invalid feature name: \`$ac_useropt'"
    ac_useropt_orig=$ac_useropt
    ac_useropt=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_useropt" | sed 's/[-+.]/_/g'`
    case $ac_user_opts in
      *"
"enable_$ac_useropt"
"*) ;;
      *) ac_unrecognized_opts="$ac_unrecognized_opts$ac_unrecognized_sep--enable-$ac_useropt_orig"
	 ac_unrecognized_sep=', ';;
    esac
    eval enable_$ac_useropt=\$ac_optarg ;;

  -exec-prefix | --exec_prefix | --exec-prefix | --exec-prefi \
  | --exec-pref | --exec-pre | --exec-pr | --exec-p | --exec- \
  | --exec | --exe | --ex)
    ac_prev=exec_prefix ;;
  -exec-prefix=* | --exec_prefix=* | --exec-prefix=* | --exec-prefi=* \
  | --exec-pref=* | --exec-pre=* | --exec-pr=* | --exec-p=* | --exec-=* \
  | --exec=* | --exe=* | --ex=*)
    exec_prefix=$ac_optarg ;;

  -gas | --gas | --ga | --g)
    # Obsolete; use --with-gas.
    with_gas=yes ;;

  -help | --help | --hel | --he | -h)
    ac_init_help=long ;;
  -help=r* | --help=r* | --hel=r* | --he=r* | -hr*)
    ac_init_help=recursive ;;
  -help=s* | --help=s* | --hel=s* | --he=s* | -hs*)
    ac_init_help=short ;;

  -host | --host | --hos | --ho)
    ac_prev=host_alias ;;
  -host=* | --host=* | --hos=* | --ho=*)
    host_alias=$ac_optarg ;;

  -htmldir | --htmldir | --htmldi | --htmld | --html | --htm | --ht)
    ac_prev=htmldir ;;
  -htmldir=* | --htmldir=* | --htmldi=* | --htmld=* | --html=* | --htm=* \
  | --ht=*)
    htmldir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -includedir | --includedir | --includedi | --included | --include \
  | --includ | --inclu | --incl | --inc)
    ac_prev=includedir ;;
  -includedir=* | --includedir=* | --includedi=* | --included=* | --include=* \
  | --includ=* | --inclu=* | --incl=* | --inc=*)
    includedir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -infodir | --infodir | --infodi | --infod | --info | --inf)
    ac_prev=infodir ;;
  -infodir=* | --infodir=* | --infodi=* | --infod=* | --info=* | --inf=*)
    infodir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -libdir | --libdir | --libdi | --libd)
    ac_prev=libdir ;;
  -libdir=* | --libdir=* | --libdi=* | --libd=*)
    libdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -libexecdir | --libexecdir | --libexecdi | --libexecd | --libexec \
  | --libexe | --libex | --libe)
    ac_prev=libexecdir ;;
  -libexecdir=* | --libexecdir=* | --libexecdi=* | --libexecd=* | --libexec=* \
  | --libexe=* | --libex=* | --libe=*)
    libexecdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -localedir | --localedir | --localedi | --localed | --locale)
    ac_prev=localedir ;;
  -localedir=* | --localedir=* | --localedi=* | --localed=* | --locale=*)
    localedir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -localstatedir | --localstatedir | --localstatedi | --localstated \
  | --localstate | --localstat | --localsta | --localst | --locals)
    ac_prev=localstatedir ;;
  -localstatedir=* | --localstatedir=* | --localstatedi=* | --localstated=* \
  | --localstate=* | --localstat=* | --localsta=* | --localst=* | --locals=*)
    localstatedir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -mandir | --mandir | --mandi | --mand | --man | --ma | --m)
    ac_prev=mandir ;;
  -mandir=* | --mandir=* | --mandi=* | --mand=* | --man=* | --ma=* | --m=*)
    mandir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -nfp | --nfp | --nf)
    # Obsolete; use --without-fp.
    with_fp=no ;;

  -no-create | --no-create | --no-creat | --no-crea | --no-cre \
  | --no-cr | --no-c | -n)
    no_create=yes ;;

  -no-recursion | --no-recursion | --no-recursio | --no-recursi \
  | --no-recurs | --no-recur | --no-recu | --no-rec | --no-re | --no-r)
    no_recursion=yes ;;

  -oldincludedir | --oldincludedir | --oldincludedi | --oldincluded \
  | --oldinclude | --oldinclud | --oldinclu | --oldincl | --oldinc \
  | --oldin | --oldi | --old | --ol | --o)
    ac_prev=oldincludedir ;;
  -oldincludedir=* | --oldincludedir=* | --oldincludedi=* | --oldincluded=* \
  | --oldinclude=* | --oldinclud=* | --oldinclu=* | --oldincl=* | --oldinc=* \
  | --oldin=* | --oldi=* | --old=* | --ol=* | --o=*)
    oldincludedir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -prefix | --prefix | --prefi | --pref | --pre | --pr | --p)
    ac_prev=prefix ;;
  -prefix=* | --prefix=* | --prefi=* | --pref=* | --pre=* | --pr=* | --p=*)
    prefix=$ac_optarg ;;

  -program-prefix | --program-prefix | --program-prefi | --program-pref \
  | --program-pre | --program-pr | --program-p)
    ac_prev=program_prefix ;;
  -program-prefix=* | --program-prefix=* | --program-prefi=* \
  | --program-pref=* | --program-pre=* | --program-pr=* | --program-p=*)
    program_prefix=$ac_optarg ;;

  -program-suffix | --program-suffix | --program-suffi | --program-suff \
  | --program-suf | --program-su | --program-s)
    ac_prev=program_suffix ;;
  -program-suffix=* | --program-suffix=* | --program-suffi=* \
  | --program-suff=* | --program-suf=* | --program-su=* | --program-s=*)
    program_suffix=$ac_optarg ;;

  -program-transform-name | --program-transform-name \
  | --program-transform-nam | --program-transform-na \
  | --program-transform-n | --program-transform- \
  | --program-transform | --program-transfor \
  | --program-transfo | --program-transf \
  | --program-trans | --program-tran \
  | --progr-tra | --program-tr | --program-t)
    ac_prev=program_transform_name ;;
  -program-transform-name=* | --program-transform-name=* \
  | --program-transform-nam=* | --program-transform-na=* \
  | --program-transform-n=* | --program-transform-=* \
  | --program-transform=* | --program-transfor=* \
  | --program-transfo=* | --program-transf=* \
  | --program-trans=* | --program-tran=* \
  | --progr-tra=* | --program-tr=* | --program-t=*)
    program_transform_name=$ac_optarg ;;

  -pdfdir | --pdfdir | --pdfdi | --pdfd | --pdf | --pd)
    ac_prev=pdfdir ;;
  -pdfdir=* | --pdfdir=* | --pdfdi=* | --pdfd=* | --pdf=* | --pd=*)
    pdfdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -psdir | --psdir | --psdi | --psd | --ps)
    ac_prev=psdir ;;
  -psdir=* | --psdir=* | --psdi=* | --psd=* | --ps=*)
    psdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -q | -quiet | --quiet | --quie | --qui | --qu | --q \
  | -silent | --silent | --silen | --sile | --sil)
    silent=yes ;;

  -runstatedir | --runstatedir | --runstatedi | --runstated \
  | --runstate | --runstat | --runsta | --runst | --runs \
  | --run | --ru | --r)
    ac_prev=runstatedir ;;
  -runstatedir=* | --runstatedir=* | --runstatedi=* | --runstated=* \
  | --runstate=* | --runstat=* | --runsta=* | --runst=* | --runs=* \
  | --run=* | --ru=* | --r=*)
    runstatedir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -sbindir | --sbindir | --sbindi | --sbind | --sbin | --sbi | --sb)
    ac_prev=sbindir ;;
  -sbindir=* | --sbindir=* | --sbindi=* | --sbind=* | --sbin=* \
  | --sbi=* | --sb=*)
    sbindir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -sharedstatedir | --sharedstatedir | --sharedstatedi \
  | --sharedstated | --sharedstate | --sharedstat | --sharedsta \
  | --sharedst | --shareds | --shared | --share | --shar \
  | --sha | --sh)
    ac_prev=sharedstatedir ;;
  -sharedstatedir=* | --sharedstatedir=* | --sharedstatedi=* \
  | --sharedstated=* | --sharedstate=* | --sharedstat=* | --sharedsta=* \
  | --sharedst=* | --shareds=* | --shared=* | --share=* | --shar=* \
  | --sha=* | --sh=*)
    sharedstatedir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -site | --site | --sit)
    ac_prev=site ;;
  -site=* | --site=* | --sit=*)
    site=$ac_optarg ;;

  -srcdir | --srcdir | --srcdi | --srcd | --src | --sr)
    ac_prev=srcdir ;;
  -srcdir=* | --srcdir=* | --srcdi=* | --srcd=* | --src=* | --sr=*)
    srcdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -sysconfdir | --sysconfdir | --sysconfdi | --sysconfd | --sysconf \
  | --syscon | --sysco | --sysc | --sys | --sy)
    ac_prev=sysconfdir ;;
  -sysconfdir=* | --sysconfdir=* | --sysconfdi=* | --sysconfd=* | --sysconf=* \
  | --syscon=* | --sysco=* | --sysc=* | --sys=* | --sy=*)
    sysconfdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -target | --target | --targe | --targ | --tar | --ta | --t)
    ac_prev=target_alias ;;
  -target=* | --target=* | --targe=* | --targ=* | --tar=* | --ta=* | --t=*)
    target_alias=$ac_optarg ;;

  -v | -verbose | --verbose | --verbos | --verbo | --verb)
    verbose=yes ;;

  -version | --version | --versio | --versi | --vers | -V)
    ac_init_version=: ;;

  -with-* | --with-*)
    ac_useropt=`expr "x$ac_option" : 'x-*with-\([^=]*\)'`
    # Reject names that are not valid shell variable names.
    expr "x$ac_useropt" : ".*[^-+._$as_cr_alnum]" >/dev/null &&
      as_fn_error $? "invalid package name: \`$ac_useropt'"
    ac_useropt_orig=$ac_useropt
    ac_useropt=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_useropt" | sed 's/[-+.]/_/g'`
    case $ac_user_opts in
      *"
"with_$ac_useropt"
"*) ;;
      *) ac_unrecognized_opts="$ac_unrecognized_opts$ac_unrecognized_sep--with-$ac_useropt_orig"
	 ac_unrecognized_sep=', ';;
    esac
    eval with_$ac_useropt=\$ac_optarg ;;

  -without-* | --without-*)
    ac_useropt=`expr "x$ac_option" : 'x-*without-\(.*\)'`
    # Reject names that are not valid shell variable names.
    expr "x$ac_useropt" : ".*[^-+._$as_cr_alnum]" >/dev/null &&
      as_fn_error $? "invalid package name: \`$ac_useropt'"
    ac_useropt_orig=$ac_useropt
    ac_useropt=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_useropt" | sed 's/[-+.]/_/g'`
    case $ac_user_opts in
      *"
"with_$ac_useropt"
"*) ;;
      *) ac_unrecognized_opts="$ac_unrecognized_opts$ac_unrecognized_sep--without-$ac_useropt_orig"
	 ac_unrecognized_sep=', ';;
    esac
    eval with_$ac_useropt=no ;;

  --x)
    # Obsolete; use --with-x.
    with_x=yes ;;

  -x-includes | --x-includes | --x-include | --x-includ | --x-inclu \
  | --x-incl | --x-inc | --x-in | --x-i)
    ac_prev=x_includes ;;
  -x-includes=* | --x-includes=* | --x-include=* | --x-includ=* | --x-inclu=* \
  | --x-incl=* | --x-inc=* | --x-in=* | --x-i=*)
    x_includes=$ac_optarg ;;

  -x-libraries | --x-libraries | --x-librarie | --x-librari \
  | --x-librar | --x-libra | --x-libr | --x-lib | --x-li | --x-l)
    ac_prev=x_libraries ;;
  -x-libraries=* | --x-libraries=* | --x-librarie=* | --x-librari=* \
  | --x-librar=* | --x-libra=* | --x-libr=* | --x-lib=* | --x-li=* | --x-l=*)
    x_libraries=$ac_optarg ;;

  -*) as_fn_error $? "unrecognized option: \`$ac_option'
Try \`$0 --help' for more information"
    ;;

  *=*)
    ac_envvar=`expr "x$ac_option" : 'x\([^=]*\)='`
    # Reject names that are not valid shell variable names.
    case $ac_envvar in #(
      '' | [0-9]* | *[!_$as_cr_alnum]* )
      as_fn_error $? "invalid variable name: \`$ac_envvar'" ;;
    esac
    eval $ac_envvar=\$ac_optarg
    export $ac_envvar ;;

  *)
    # FIXME: should be removed in autoconf 3.0.
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: you should use --build, --host, --target" >&2
    expr "x$ac_option" : ".*[^-._$as_cr_alnum]" >/dev/null &&
      printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: invalid host type: $ac_option" >&2
    : "${build_alias=$ac_option} ${host_alias=$ac_option} ${target_alias=$ac_option}"
    ;;

  esac
done

if test -n "$ac_prev"; then
  ac_option=--`echo $ac_prev | sed 's/_/-/g'`
  as_fn_error $? "missing argument to $ac_option"
fi

if test -n "$ac_unrecognized_opts"; then
  case $enable_option_checking in
    no) ;;
    fatal) as_fn_error $? "unrecognized options: $ac_unrecognized_opts" ;;
    *)     printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: unrecognized options: $ac_unrecognized_opts" >&2 ;;
  esac
fi

# Check all directory arguments for consistency.
for ac_var in	exec_prefix prefix bindir sbindir libexecdir datarootdir \
		datadir sysconfdir sharedstatedir localstatedir includedir \
		oldincludedir docdir infodir htmldir dvidir pdfdir psdir \
		libdir localedir mandir runstatedir
do
  eval ac_val=\$$ac_var
  # Remove trailing slashes.
  case $ac_val in
    */ )
      ac_val=`expr "X$ac_val" : 'X\(.*[^/]\)' \| "X$ac_val" : 'X\(.*\)'`
      eval $ac_var=\$ac_val;;
  esac
  # Be sure to have absolute directory names.
  case $ac_val in
    [\\/$]* | ?:[\\/]* )  continue;;
    NONE | '' ) case $ac_var in *prefix ) continue;; esac;;
  esac
  as_fn_error $? "expected an absolute directory name for --$ac_var: $ac_val"
done

# There might be people who depend on the old broken behavior: `$host'
# used to hold the argument of --host etc.
# FIXME: To remove some day.
build=$build_alias
host=$host_alias
target=$target_alias

# FIXME: To remove some day.
if test "x$host_alias" != x; then
  if test "x$build_alias" = x; then
    cross_compiling=maybe
  elif test "x$build_alias" != "x$host_alias"; then
    cross_compiling=yes
  fi
fi

ac_tool_prefix=
test -n "$host_alias" && ac_tool_prefix=$host_alias-

test "$silent" = yes && exec 6>/dev/null


ac_pwd=`pwd` && test -n "$ac_pwd" &&
ac_ls_di=`ls -di .` &&
ac_pwd_ls_di=`cd "$ac_pwd" && ls -di .` ||
  as_fn_error $? "working directory cannot be determined"
test "X$ac_ls_di" = "X$ac_pwd_ls_di" ||
  as_fn_error $? "pwd does not report name of working directory"


# Find the source files, if location was not specified.
if test -z "$srcdir"; then
  ac_srcdir_defaulted=yes
  # Try the directory containing this script, then the parent directory.
  ac_confdir=`$as_dirname -- "$as_myself" ||
$as_expr X"$as_myself" : 'X\(.*[^/]\)//*[^/][^/]*/*$' \| \
	 X"$as_myself" : 'X\(//\)[^/]' \| \
	 X"$as_myself" : 'X\(//\)$' \| \
	 X"$as_myself" : 'X\(/\)' \| . 2>/dev/null ||
printf "%s\n" X"$as_myself" |
    sed '/^X\(.*[^/]\)\/\/*[^/][^/]*\/*$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)[^/].*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\).*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  s/.*/./; q'`
  srcdir=$ac_confdir
  if test ! -r "$srcdir/$ac_unique_file"; then
    srcdir=..
  fi
else
  ac_srcdir_defaulted=no
fi
if test ! -r "$srcdir/$ac_unique_file"; then
  test "$ac_srcdir_defaulted" = yes && srcdir="$ac_confdir or .."
  as_fn_error $? "cannot find sources ($ac_unique_file) in $srcdir"
fi
ac_msg="sources are in $srcdir, but \`cd $srcdir' does not work"
ac_abs_confdir=`(
	cd "$srcdir" && test -r "./$ac_unique_file" || as_fn_error $? "$ac_msg"
	pwd)`
# When building in place, set srcdir=.
if test "$ac_abs_confdir" = "$ac_pwd"; then
  srcdir=.
fi
# Remove unnecessary trailing slashes from srcdir.
# Double slashes in file names in object file debugging info
# mess up M-x gdb in Emacs.
case $srcdir in
*/) srcdir=`expr "X$srcdir" : 'X\(.*[^/]\)' \| "X$srcdir" : 'X\(.*\)'`;;
esac
for ac_var in $ac_precious_vars; do
  eval ac_env_${ac_var}_set=\${${ac_var}+set}
  eval ac_env_${ac_var}_value=\$${ac_var}
  eval ac_cv_env_${ac_var}_set=\${${ac_var}+set}
  eval ac_cv_env_${ac_var}_value=\$${ac_var}
done

#
# Report the --help message.
#
if test "$ac_init_help" = "long"; then
  # Omit some internal or obsolete options to make the list less imposing.
  # This message is too long to be a string in the A/UX 3.1 sh.
  cat <<_ACEOF
\`configure' configures this package to adapt to many kinds of systems.

Usage: $0 [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...

To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as
VAR=VALUE.  See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.

Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.

Configuration:
  -h, --help              display this help and exit
      --help=short        display options specific to this package
      --help=recursive    display the short help of all the included packages
  -V, --version           display version information and exit
  -q, --quiet, --silent   do not print \`checking ...' messages
      --cache-file=FILE   cache test results in FILE [disabled]
  -C, --config-cache      alias for \`--cache-file=config.cache'
  -n, --no-create         do not create output files
      --srcdir=DIR        find the sources in DIR [configure dir or \`..']

Installation directories:
  --prefix=PREFIX         install architecture-independent files in PREFIX
                          [$ac_default_prefix]
  --exec-prefix=EPREFIX   install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX
                          [PREFIX]

By default, \`make install' will install all the files in
\`$ac_default_prefix/bin', \`$ac_default_prefix/lib' etc.  You can specify
an installation prefix other than \`$ac_default_prefix' using \`--prefix',
for instance \`--prefix=\$HOME'.

For better control, use the options below.

Fine tuning of the installation directories:
  --bindir=DIR            user executables [EPREFIX/bin]
  --sbindir=DIR           system admin executables [EPREFIX/sbin]
  --libexecdir=DIR        program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]
  --sysconfdir=DIR        read-only single-machine data [PREFIX/etc]
  --sharedstatedir=DIR    modifiable architecture-independent data [PREFIX/com]
  --localstatedir=DIR     modifiable single-machine data [PREFIX/var]
  --runstatedir=DIR       modifiable per-process data [LOCALSTATEDIR/run]
  --libdir=DIR            object code libraries [EPREFIX/lib]
  --includedir=DIR        C header files [PREFIX/include]
  --oldincludedir=DIR     C header files for non-gcc [/usr/include]
  --datarootdir=DIR       read-only arch.-independent data root [PREFIX/share]
  --datadir=DIR           read-only architecture-independent data [DATAROOTDIR]
  --infodir=DIR           info documentation [DATAROOTDIR/info]
  --localedir=DIR         locale-dependent data [DATAROOTDIR/locale]
  --mandir=DIR            man documentation [DATAROOTDIR/man]
  --docdir=DIR            documentation root [DATAROOTDIR/doc/PACKAGE]
  --htmldir=DIR           html documentation [DOCDIR]
  --dvidir=DIR            dvi documentation [DOCDIR]
  --pdfdir=DIR            pdf documentation [DOCDIR]
  --psdir=DIR             ps documentation [DOCDIR]
_ACEOF

  cat <<\_ACEOF

System types:
  --build=BUILD     configure for building on BUILD [guessed]
  --host=HOST       cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST [BUILD]
  --target=TARGET   configure for building compilers for TARGET [HOST]
_ACEOF
fi

if test -n "$ac_init_help"; then

  cat <<\_ACEOF

Optional Features:
  --disable-option-checking  ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options
  --disable-FEATURE       do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)
  --enable-FEATURE[=ARG]  include FEATURE [ARG=yes]
  --disable-curl          Disable linking with the curl library. Disables
                          remote file i/o support
  --enable-reentrant      Enable reentrant multithreading
  --enable-sse2           Enable use of instructions in the SSE2 extended
                          instruction set
  --enable-ssse3          Enable use of instructions in the SSSE3 extended
                          instruction set
  --enable-symbols        Enable debugging symbols by turning optimization off
  --enable-hera           Build for HERA (ASD use only)

Optional Packages:
  --with-PACKAGE[=ARG]    use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]
  --without-PACKAGE       do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)
  --with-bzip2[=PATH]     Enable bzip2 support. Optional path to the location
                          of include/bzlib.h and lib/libbz2
  --with-gsiftp[=PATH]    Enable Globus Toolkit gsiftp protocol support
  --with-gsiftp-flavour[=PATH]
                          Define Globus Toolkit gsiftp protocol flavour
  --without-zlib-check    Disable check for zlib compression library e.g. for
                          cross-compilers

Some influential environment variables:
  CC          C compiler command
  CFLAGS      C compiler flags
  LDFLAGS     linker flags, e.g. -L if you have libraries in a
              nonstandard directory 
  LIBS        libraries to pass to the linker, e.g. -l
  CPPFLAGS    (Objective) C/C++ preprocessor flags, e.g. -I if
              you have headers in a nonstandard directory 

Use these variables to override the choices made by `configure' or to help
it to find libraries and programs with nonstandard names/locations.

Report bugs to the package provider.
_ACEOF
ac_status=$?
fi

if test "$ac_init_help" = "recursive"; then
  # If there are subdirs, report their specific --help.
  for ac_dir in : $ac_subdirs_all; do test "x$ac_dir" = x: && continue
    test -d "$ac_dir" ||
      { cd "$srcdir" && ac_pwd=`pwd` && srcdir=. && test -d "$ac_dir"; } ||
      continue
    ac_builddir=.

case "$ac_dir" in
.) ac_dir_suffix= ac_top_builddir_sub=. ac_top_build_prefix= ;;
*)
  ac_dir_suffix=/`printf "%s\n" "$ac_dir" | sed 's|^\.[\\/]||'`
  # A ".." for each directory in $ac_dir_suffix.
  ac_top_builddir_sub=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_dir_suffix" | sed 's|/[^\\/]*|/..|g;s|/||'`
  case $ac_top_builddir_sub in
  "") ac_top_builddir_sub=. ac_top_build_prefix= ;;
  *)  ac_top_build_prefix=$ac_top_builddir_sub/ ;;
  esac ;;
esac
ac_abs_top_builddir=$ac_pwd
ac_abs_builddir=$ac_pwd$ac_dir_suffix
# for backward compatibility:
ac_top_builddir=$ac_top_build_prefix

case $srcdir in
  .)  # We are building in place.
    ac_srcdir=.
    ac_top_srcdir=$ac_top_builddir_sub
    ac_abs_top_srcdir=$ac_pwd ;;
  [\\/]* | ?:[\\/]* )  # Absolute name.
    ac_srcdir=$srcdir$ac_dir_suffix;
    ac_top_srcdir=$srcdir
    ac_abs_top_srcdir=$srcdir ;;
  *) # Relative name.
    ac_srcdir=$ac_top_build_prefix$srcdir$ac_dir_suffix
    ac_top_srcdir=$ac_top_build_prefix$srcdir
    ac_abs_top_srcdir=$ac_pwd/$srcdir ;;
esac
ac_abs_srcdir=$ac_abs_top_srcdir$ac_dir_suffix

    cd "$ac_dir" || { ac_status=$?; continue; }
    # Check for configure.gnu first; this name is used for a wrapper for
    # Metaconfig's "Configure" on case-insensitive file systems.
    if test -f "$ac_srcdir/configure.gnu"; then
      echo &&
      $SHELL "$ac_srcdir/configure.gnu" --help=recursive
    elif test -f "$ac_srcdir/configure"; then
      echo &&
      $SHELL "$ac_srcdir/configure" --help=recursive
    else
      printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: no configuration information is in $ac_dir" >&2
    fi || ac_status=$?
    cd "$ac_pwd" || { ac_status=$?; break; }
  done
fi

test -n "$ac_init_help" && exit $ac_status
if $ac_init_version; then
  cat <<\_ACEOF
configure
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71

Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This configure script is free software; the Free Software Foundation
gives unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it.
_ACEOF
  exit
fi

## ------------------------ ##
## Autoconf initialization. ##
## ------------------------ ##

# ac_fn_c_try_compile LINENO
# --------------------------
# Try to compile conftest.$ac_ext, and return whether this succeeded.
ac_fn_c_try_compile ()
{
  as_lineno=${as_lineno-"$1"} as_lineno_stack=as_lineno_stack=$as_lineno_stack
  rm -f conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam
  if { { ac_try="$ac_compile"
case "(($ac_try" in
  *\"* | *\`* | *\\*) ac_try_echo=\$ac_try;;
  *) ac_try_echo=$ac_try;;
esac
eval ac_try_echo="\"\$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: $ac_try_echo\""
printf "%s\n" "$ac_try_echo"; } >&5
  (eval "$ac_compile") 2>conftest.err
  ac_status=$?
  if test -s conftest.err; then
    grep -v '^ *+' conftest.err >conftest.er1
    cat conftest.er1 >&5
    mv -f conftest.er1 conftest.err
  fi
  printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
  test $ac_status = 0; } && {
	 test -z "$ac_c_werror_flag" ||
	 test ! -s conftest.err
       } && test -s conftest.$ac_objext
then :
  ac_retval=0
else $as_nop
  printf "%s\n" "$as_me: failed program was:" >&5
sed 's/^/| /' conftest.$ac_ext >&5

	ac_retval=1
fi
  eval $as_lineno_stack; ${as_lineno_stack:+:} unset as_lineno
  as_fn_set_status $ac_retval

} # ac_fn_c_try_compile

# ac_fn_c_try_link LINENO
# -----------------------
# Try to link conftest.$ac_ext, and return whether this succeeded.
ac_fn_c_try_link ()
{
  as_lineno=${as_lineno-"$1"} as_lineno_stack=as_lineno_stack=$as_lineno_stack
  rm -f conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam conftest$ac_exeext
  if { { ac_try="$ac_link"
case "(($ac_try" in
  *\"* | *\`* | *\\*) ac_try_echo=\$ac_try;;
  *) ac_try_echo=$ac_try;;
esac
eval ac_try_echo="\"\$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: $ac_try_echo\""
printf "%s\n" "$ac_try_echo"; } >&5
  (eval "$ac_link") 2>conftest.err
  ac_status=$?
  if test -s conftest.err; then
    grep -v '^ *+' conftest.err >conftest.er1
    cat conftest.er1 >&5
    mv -f conftest.er1 conftest.err
  fi
  printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
  test $ac_status = 0; } && {
	 test -z "$ac_c_werror_flag" ||
	 test ! -s conftest.err
       } && test -s conftest$ac_exeext && {
	 test "$cross_compiling" = yes ||
	 test -x conftest$ac_exeext
       }
then :
  ac_retval=0
else $as_nop
  printf "%s\n" "$as_me: failed program was:" >&5
sed 's/^/| /' conftest.$ac_ext >&5

	ac_retval=1
fi
  # Delete the IPA/IPO (Inter Procedural Analysis/Optimization) information
  # created by the PGI compiler (conftest_ipa8_conftest.oo), as it would
  # interfere with the next link command; also delete a directory that is
  # left behind by Apple's compiler.  We do this before executing the actions.
  rm -rf conftest.dSYM conftest_ipa8_conftest.oo
  eval $as_lineno_stack; ${as_lineno_stack:+:} unset as_lineno
  as_fn_set_status $ac_retval

} # ac_fn_c_try_link

# ac_fn_c_check_header_compile LINENO HEADER VAR INCLUDES
# -------------------------------------------------------
# Tests whether HEADER exists and can be compiled using the include files in
# INCLUDES, setting the cache variable VAR accordingly.
ac_fn_c_check_header_compile ()
{
  as_lineno=${as_lineno-"$1"} as_lineno_stack=as_lineno_stack=$as_lineno_stack
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $2" >&5
printf %s "checking for $2... " >&6; }
if eval test \${$3+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */
$4
#include <$2>
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_compile "$LINENO"
then :
  eval "$3=yes"
else $as_nop
  eval "$3=no"
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam conftest.$ac_ext
fi
eval ac_res=\$$3
	       { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_res" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_res" >&6; }
  eval $as_lineno_stack; ${as_lineno_stack:+:} unset as_lineno

} # ac_fn_c_check_header_compile

# ac_fn_c_check_func LINENO FUNC VAR
# ----------------------------------
# Tests whether FUNC exists, setting the cache variable VAR accordingly
ac_fn_c_check_func ()
{
  as_lineno=${as_lineno-"$1"} as_lineno_stack=as_lineno_stack=$as_lineno_stack
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $2" >&5
printf %s "checking for $2... " >&6; }
if eval test \${$3+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */
/* Define $2 to an innocuous variant, in case  declares $2.
   For example, HP-UX 11i  declares gettimeofday.  */
#define $2 innocuous_$2

/* System header to define __stub macros and hopefully few prototypes,
   which can conflict with char $2 (); below.  */

#include 
#undef $2

/* Override any GCC internal prototype to avoid an error.
   Use char because int might match the return type of a GCC
   builtin and then its argument prototype would still apply.  */
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C"
#endif
char $2 ();
/* The GNU C library defines this for functions which it implements
    to always fail with ENOSYS.  Some functions are actually named
    something starting with __ and the normal name is an alias.  */
#if defined __stub_$2 || defined __stub___$2
choke me
#endif

int
main (void)
{
return $2 ();
  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_link "$LINENO"
then :
  eval "$3=yes"
else $as_nop
  eval "$3=no"
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam \
    conftest$ac_exeext conftest.$ac_ext
fi
eval ac_res=\$$3
	       { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_res" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_res" >&6; }
  eval $as_lineno_stack; ${as_lineno_stack:+:} unset as_lineno

} # ac_fn_c_check_func
ac_configure_args_raw=
for ac_arg
do
  case $ac_arg in
  *\'*)
    ac_arg=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_arg" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"` ;;
  esac
  as_fn_append ac_configure_args_raw " '$ac_arg'"
done

case $ac_configure_args_raw in
  *$as_nl*)
    ac_safe_unquote= ;;
  *)
    ac_unsafe_z='|&;<>()$`\\"*?[ ''	' # This string ends in space, tab.
    ac_unsafe_a="$ac_unsafe_z#~"
    ac_safe_unquote="s/ '\\([^$ac_unsafe_a][^$ac_unsafe_z]*\\)'/ \\1/g"
    ac_configure_args_raw=`      printf "%s\n" "$ac_configure_args_raw" | sed "$ac_safe_unquote"`;;
esac

cat >config.log <<_ACEOF
This file contains any messages produced by compilers while
running configure, to aid debugging if configure makes a mistake.

It was created by $as_me, which was
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71.  Invocation command line was

  $ $0$ac_configure_args_raw

_ACEOF
exec 5>>config.log
{
cat <<_ASUNAME
## --------- ##
## Platform. ##
## --------- ##

hostname = `(hostname || uname -n) 2>/dev/null | sed 1q`
uname -m = `(uname -m) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
uname -r = `(uname -r) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
uname -s = `(uname -s) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
uname -v = `(uname -v) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`

/usr/bin/uname -p = `(/usr/bin/uname -p) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
/bin/uname -X     = `(/bin/uname -X) 2>/dev/null     || echo unknown`

/bin/arch              = `(/bin/arch) 2>/dev/null              || echo unknown`
/usr/bin/arch -k       = `(/usr/bin/arch -k) 2>/dev/null       || echo unknown`
/usr/convex/getsysinfo = `(/usr/convex/getsysinfo) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
/usr/bin/hostinfo      = `(/usr/bin/hostinfo) 2>/dev/null      || echo unknown`
/bin/machine           = `(/bin/machine) 2>/dev/null           || echo unknown`
/usr/bin/oslevel       = `(/usr/bin/oslevel) 2>/dev/null       || echo unknown`
/bin/universe          = `(/bin/universe) 2>/dev/null          || echo unknown`

_ASUNAME

as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    printf "%s\n" "PATH: $as_dir"
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

} >&5

cat >&5 <<_ACEOF


## ----------- ##
## Core tests. ##
## ----------- ##

_ACEOF


# Keep a trace of the command line.
# Strip out --no-create and --no-recursion so they do not pile up.
# Strip out --silent because we don't want to record it for future runs.
# Also quote any args containing shell meta-characters.
# Make two passes to allow for proper duplicate-argument suppression.
ac_configure_args=
ac_configure_args0=
ac_configure_args1=
ac_must_keep_next=false
for ac_pass in 1 2
do
  for ac_arg
  do
    case $ac_arg in
    -no-create | --no-c* | -n | -no-recursion | --no-r*) continue ;;
    -q | -quiet | --quiet | --quie | --qui | --qu | --q \
    | -silent | --silent | --silen | --sile | --sil)
      continue ;;
    *\'*)
      ac_arg=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_arg" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"` ;;
    esac
    case $ac_pass in
    1) as_fn_append ac_configure_args0 " '$ac_arg'" ;;
    2)
      as_fn_append ac_configure_args1 " '$ac_arg'"
      if test $ac_must_keep_next = true; then
	ac_must_keep_next=false # Got value, back to normal.
      else
	case $ac_arg in
	  *=* | --config-cache | -C | -disable-* | --disable-* \
	  | -enable-* | --enable-* | -gas | --g* | -nfp | --nf* \
	  | -q | -quiet | --q* | -silent | --sil* | -v | -verb* \
	  | -with-* | --with-* | -without-* | --without-* | --x)
	    case "$ac_configure_args0 " in
	      "$ac_configure_args1"*" '$ac_arg' "* ) continue ;;
	    esac
	    ;;
	  -* ) ac_must_keep_next=true ;;
	esac
      fi
      as_fn_append ac_configure_args " '$ac_arg'"
      ;;
    esac
  done
done
{ ac_configure_args0=; unset ac_configure_args0;}
{ ac_configure_args1=; unset ac_configure_args1;}

# When interrupted or exit'd, cleanup temporary files, and complete
# config.log.  We remove comments because anyway the quotes in there
# would cause problems or look ugly.
# WARNING: Use '\'' to represent an apostrophe within the trap.
# WARNING: Do not start the trap code with a newline, due to a FreeBSD 4.0 bug.
trap 'exit_status=$?
  # Sanitize IFS.
  IFS=" ""	$as_nl"
  # Save into config.log some information that might help in debugging.
  {
    echo

    printf "%s\n" "## ---------------- ##
## Cache variables. ##
## ---------------- ##"
    echo
    # The following way of writing the cache mishandles newlines in values,
(
  for ac_var in `(set) 2>&1 | sed -n '\''s/^\([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*\)=.*/\1/p'\''`; do
    eval ac_val=\$$ac_var
    case $ac_val in #(
    *${as_nl}*)
      case $ac_var in #(
      *_cv_*) { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: cache variable $ac_var contains a newline" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: cache variable $ac_var contains a newline" >&2;} ;;
      esac
      case $ac_var in #(
      _ | IFS | as_nl) ;; #(
      BASH_ARGV | BASH_SOURCE) eval $ac_var= ;; #(
      *) { eval $ac_var=; unset $ac_var;} ;;
      esac ;;
    esac
  done
  (set) 2>&1 |
    case $as_nl`(ac_space='\'' '\''; set) 2>&1` in #(
    *${as_nl}ac_space=\ *)
      sed -n \
	"s/'\''/'\''\\\\'\'''\''/g;
	  s/^\\([_$as_cr_alnum]*_cv_[_$as_cr_alnum]*\\)=\\(.*\\)/\\1='\''\\2'\''/p"
      ;; #(
    *)
      sed -n "/^[_$as_cr_alnum]*_cv_[_$as_cr_alnum]*=/p"
      ;;
    esac |
    sort
)
    echo

    printf "%s\n" "## ----------------- ##
## Output variables. ##
## ----------------- ##"
    echo
    for ac_var in $ac_subst_vars
    do
      eval ac_val=\$$ac_var
      case $ac_val in
      *\'\''*) ac_val=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_val" | sed "s/'\''/'\''\\\\\\\\'\'''\''/g"`;;
      esac
      printf "%s\n" "$ac_var='\''$ac_val'\''"
    done | sort
    echo

    if test -n "$ac_subst_files"; then
      printf "%s\n" "## ------------------- ##
## File substitutions. ##
## ------------------- ##"
      echo
      for ac_var in $ac_subst_files
      do
	eval ac_val=\$$ac_var
	case $ac_val in
	*\'\''*) ac_val=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_val" | sed "s/'\''/'\''\\\\\\\\'\'''\''/g"`;;
	esac
	printf "%s\n" "$ac_var='\''$ac_val'\''"
      done | sort
      echo
    fi

    if test -s confdefs.h; then
      printf "%s\n" "## ----------- ##
## confdefs.h. ##
## ----------- ##"
      echo
      cat confdefs.h
      echo
    fi
    test "$ac_signal" != 0 &&
      printf "%s\n" "$as_me: caught signal $ac_signal"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me: exit $exit_status"
  } >&5
  rm -f core *.core core.conftest.* &&
    rm -f -r conftest* confdefs* conf$$* $ac_clean_files &&
    exit $exit_status
' 0
for ac_signal in 1 2 13 15; do
  trap 'ac_signal='$ac_signal'; as_fn_exit 1' $ac_signal
done
ac_signal=0

# confdefs.h avoids OS command line length limits that DEFS can exceed.
rm -f -r conftest* confdefs.h

printf "%s\n" "/* confdefs.h */" > confdefs.h

# Predefined preprocessor variables.

printf "%s\n" "#define PACKAGE_NAME \"$PACKAGE_NAME\"" >>confdefs.h

printf "%s\n" "#define PACKAGE_TARNAME \"$PACKAGE_TARNAME\"" >>confdefs.h

printf "%s\n" "#define PACKAGE_VERSION \"$PACKAGE_VERSION\"" >>confdefs.h

printf "%s\n" "#define PACKAGE_STRING \"$PACKAGE_STRING\"" >>confdefs.h

printf "%s\n" "#define PACKAGE_BUGREPORT \"$PACKAGE_BUGREPORT\"" >>confdefs.h

printf "%s\n" "#define PACKAGE_URL \"$PACKAGE_URL\"" >>confdefs.h


# Let the site file select an alternate cache file if it wants to.
# Prefer an explicitly selected file to automatically selected ones.
if test -n "$CONFIG_SITE"; then
  ac_site_files="$CONFIG_SITE"
elif test "x$prefix" != xNONE; then
  ac_site_files="$prefix/share/config.site $prefix/etc/config.site"
else
  ac_site_files="$ac_default_prefix/share/config.site $ac_default_prefix/etc/config.site"
fi

for ac_site_file in $ac_site_files
do
  case $ac_site_file in #(
  */*) :
     ;; #(
  *) :
    ac_site_file=./$ac_site_file ;;
esac
  if test -f "$ac_site_file" && test -r "$ac_site_file"; then
    { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: loading site script $ac_site_file" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: loading site script $ac_site_file" >&6;}
    sed 's/^/| /' "$ac_site_file" >&5
    . "$ac_site_file" \
      || { { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&2;}
as_fn_error $? "failed to load site script $ac_site_file
See \`config.log' for more details" "$LINENO" 5; }
  fi
done

if test -r "$cache_file"; then
  # Some versions of bash will fail to source /dev/null (special files
  # actually), so we avoid doing that.  DJGPP emulates it as a regular file.
  if test /dev/null != "$cache_file" && test -f "$cache_file"; then
    { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: loading cache $cache_file" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: loading cache $cache_file" >&6;}
    case $cache_file in
      [\\/]* | ?:[\\/]* ) . "$cache_file";;
      *)                      . "./$cache_file";;
    esac
  fi
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: creating cache $cache_file" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: creating cache $cache_file" >&6;}
  >$cache_file
fi

# Test code for whether the C compiler supports C89 (global declarations)
ac_c_conftest_c89_globals='
/* Does the compiler advertise C89 conformance?
   Do not test the value of __STDC__, because some compilers set it to 0
   while being otherwise adequately conformant. */
#if !defined __STDC__
# error "Compiler does not advertise C89 conformance"
#endif

#include 
#include 
struct stat;
/* Most of the following tests are stolen from RCS 5.7 src/conf.sh.  */
struct buf { int x; };
struct buf * (*rcsopen) (struct buf *, struct stat *, int);
static char *e (p, i)
     char **p;
     int i;
{
  return p[i];
}
static char *f (char * (*g) (char **, int), char **p, ...)
{
  char *s;
  va_list v;
  va_start (v,p);
  s = g (p, va_arg (v,int));
  va_end (v);
  return s;
}

/* OSF 4.0 Compaq cc is some sort of almost-ANSI by default.  It has
   function prototypes and stuff, but not \xHH hex character constants.
   These do not provoke an error unfortunately, instead are silently treated
   as an "x".  The following induces an error, until -std is added to get
   proper ANSI mode.  Curiously \x00 != x always comes out true, for an
   array size at least.  It is necessary to write \x00 == 0 to get something
   that is true only with -std.  */
int osf4_cc_array ['\''\x00'\'' == 0 ? 1 : -1];

/* IBM C 6 for AIX is almost-ANSI by default, but it replaces macro parameters
   inside strings and character constants.  */
#define FOO(x) '\''x'\''
int xlc6_cc_array[FOO(a) == '\''x'\'' ? 1 : -1];

int test (int i, double x);
struct s1 {int (*f) (int a);};
struct s2 {int (*f) (double a);};
int pairnames (int, char **, int *(*)(struct buf *, struct stat *, int),
               int, int);'

# Test code for whether the C compiler supports C89 (body of main).
ac_c_conftest_c89_main='
ok |= (argc == 0 || f (e, argv, 0) != argv[0] || f (e, argv, 1) != argv[1]);
'

# Test code for whether the C compiler supports C99 (global declarations)
ac_c_conftest_c99_globals='
// Does the compiler advertise C99 conformance?
#if !defined __STDC_VERSION__ || __STDC_VERSION__ < 199901L
# error "Compiler does not advertise C99 conformance"
#endif

#include 
extern int puts (const char *);
extern int printf (const char *, ...);
extern int dprintf (int, const char *, ...);
extern void *malloc (size_t);

// Check varargs macros.  These examples are taken from C99 6.10.3.5.
// dprintf is used instead of fprintf to avoid needing to declare
// FILE and stderr.
#define debug(...) dprintf (2, __VA_ARGS__)
#define showlist(...) puts (#__VA_ARGS__)
#define report(test,...) ((test) ? puts (#test) : printf (__VA_ARGS__))
static void
test_varargs_macros (void)
{
  int x = 1234;
  int y = 5678;
  debug ("Flag");
  debug ("X = %d\n", x);
  showlist (The first, second, and third items.);
  report (x>y, "x is %d but y is %d", x, y);
}

// Check long long types.
#define BIG64 18446744073709551615ull
#define BIG32 4294967295ul
#define BIG_OK (BIG64 / BIG32 == 4294967297ull && BIG64 % BIG32 == 0)
#if !BIG_OK
  #error "your preprocessor is broken"
#endif
#if BIG_OK
#else
  #error "your preprocessor is broken"
#endif
static long long int bignum = -9223372036854775807LL;
static unsigned long long int ubignum = BIG64;

struct incomplete_array
{
  int datasize;
  double data[];
};

struct named_init {
  int number;
  const wchar_t *name;
  double average;
};

typedef const char *ccp;

static inline int
test_restrict (ccp restrict text)
{
  // See if C++-style comments work.
  // Iterate through items via the restricted pointer.
  // Also check for declarations in for loops.
  for (unsigned int i = 0; *(text+i) != '\''\0'\''; ++i)
    continue;
  return 0;
}

// Check varargs and va_copy.
static bool
test_varargs (const char *format, ...)
{
  va_list args;
  va_start (args, format);
  va_list args_copy;
  va_copy (args_copy, args);

  const char *str = "";
  int number = 0;
  float fnumber = 0;

  while (*format)
    {
      switch (*format++)
	{
	case '\''s'\'': // string
	  str = va_arg (args_copy, const char *);
	  break;
	case '\''d'\'': // int
	  number = va_arg (args_copy, int);
	  break;
	case '\''f'\'': // float
	  fnumber = va_arg (args_copy, double);
	  break;
	default:
	  break;
	}
    }
  va_end (args_copy);
  va_end (args);

  return *str && number && fnumber;
}
'

# Test code for whether the C compiler supports C99 (body of main).
ac_c_conftest_c99_main='
  // Check bool.
  _Bool success = false;
  success |= (argc != 0);

  // Check restrict.
  if (test_restrict ("String literal") == 0)
    success = true;
  char *restrict newvar = "Another string";

  // Check varargs.
  success &= test_varargs ("s, d'\'' f .", "string", 65, 34.234);
  test_varargs_macros ();

  // Check flexible array members.
  struct incomplete_array *ia =
    malloc (sizeof (struct incomplete_array) + (sizeof (double) * 10));
  ia->datasize = 10;
  for (int i = 0; i < ia->datasize; ++i)
    ia->data[i] = i * 1.234;

  // Check named initializers.
  struct named_init ni = {
    .number = 34,
    .name = L"Test wide string",
    .average = 543.34343,
  };

  ni.number = 58;

  int dynamic_array[ni.number];
  dynamic_array[0] = argv[0][0];
  dynamic_array[ni.number - 1] = 543;

  // work around unused variable warnings
  ok |= (!success || bignum == 0LL || ubignum == 0uLL || newvar[0] == '\''x'\''
	 || dynamic_array[ni.number - 1] != 543);
'

# Test code for whether the C compiler supports C11 (global declarations)
ac_c_conftest_c11_globals='
// Does the compiler advertise C11 conformance?
#if !defined __STDC_VERSION__ || __STDC_VERSION__ < 201112L
# error "Compiler does not advertise C11 conformance"
#endif

// Check _Alignas.
char _Alignas (double) aligned_as_double;
char _Alignas (0) no_special_alignment;
extern char aligned_as_int;
char _Alignas (0) _Alignas (int) aligned_as_int;

// Check _Alignof.
enum
{
  int_alignment = _Alignof (int),
  int_array_alignment = _Alignof (int[100]),
  char_alignment = _Alignof (char)
};
_Static_assert (0 < -_Alignof (int), "_Alignof is signed");

// Check _Noreturn.
int _Noreturn does_not_return (void) { for (;;) continue; }

// Check _Static_assert.
struct test_static_assert
{
  int x;
  _Static_assert (sizeof (int) <= sizeof (long int),
                  "_Static_assert does not work in struct");
  long int y;
};

// Check UTF-8 literals.
#define u8 syntax error!
char const utf8_literal[] = u8"happens to be ASCII" "another string";

// Check duplicate typedefs.
typedef long *long_ptr;
typedef long int *long_ptr;
typedef long_ptr long_ptr;

// Anonymous structures and unions -- taken from C11 6.7.2.1 Example 1.
struct anonymous
{
  union {
    struct { int i; int j; };
    struct { int k; long int l; } w;
  };
  int m;
} v1;
'

# Test code for whether the C compiler supports C11 (body of main).
ac_c_conftest_c11_main='
  _Static_assert ((offsetof (struct anonymous, i)
		   == offsetof (struct anonymous, w.k)),
		  "Anonymous union alignment botch");
  v1.i = 2;
  v1.w.k = 5;
  ok |= v1.i != 5;
'

# Test code for whether the C compiler supports C11 (complete).
ac_c_conftest_c11_program="${ac_c_conftest_c89_globals}
${ac_c_conftest_c99_globals}
${ac_c_conftest_c11_globals}

int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
  int ok = 0;
  ${ac_c_conftest_c89_main}
  ${ac_c_conftest_c99_main}
  ${ac_c_conftest_c11_main}
  return ok;
}
"

# Test code for whether the C compiler supports C99 (complete).
ac_c_conftest_c99_program="${ac_c_conftest_c89_globals}
${ac_c_conftest_c99_globals}

int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
  int ok = 0;
  ${ac_c_conftest_c89_main}
  ${ac_c_conftest_c99_main}
  return ok;
}
"

# Test code for whether the C compiler supports C89 (complete).
ac_c_conftest_c89_program="${ac_c_conftest_c89_globals}

int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
  int ok = 0;
  ${ac_c_conftest_c89_main}
  return ok;
}
"

as_fn_append ac_header_c_list " stdio.h stdio_h HAVE_STDIO_H"
as_fn_append ac_header_c_list " stdlib.h stdlib_h HAVE_STDLIB_H"
as_fn_append ac_header_c_list " string.h string_h HAVE_STRING_H"
as_fn_append ac_header_c_list " inttypes.h inttypes_h HAVE_INTTYPES_H"
as_fn_append ac_header_c_list " stdint.h stdint_h HAVE_STDINT_H"
as_fn_append ac_header_c_list " strings.h strings_h HAVE_STRINGS_H"
as_fn_append ac_header_c_list " sys/stat.h sys_stat_h HAVE_SYS_STAT_H"
as_fn_append ac_header_c_list " sys/types.h sys_types_h HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H"
as_fn_append ac_header_c_list " unistd.h unistd_h HAVE_UNISTD_H"

# Auxiliary files required by this configure script.
ac_aux_files="config.guess config.sub"

# Locations in which to look for auxiliary files.
ac_aux_dir_candidates="${srcdir}${PATH_SEPARATOR}${srcdir}/..${PATH_SEPARATOR}${srcdir}/../.."

# Search for a directory containing all of the required auxiliary files,
# $ac_aux_files, from the $PATH-style list $ac_aux_dir_candidates.
# If we don't find one directory that contains all the files we need,
# we report the set of missing files from the *first* directory in
# $ac_aux_dir_candidates and give up.
ac_missing_aux_files=""
ac_first_candidate=:
printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: looking for aux files: $ac_aux_files" >&5
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
as_found=false
for as_dir in $ac_aux_dir_candidates
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
  as_found=:

  printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}:  trying $as_dir" >&5
  ac_aux_dir_found=yes
  ac_install_sh=
  for ac_aux in $ac_aux_files
  do
    # As a special case, if "install-sh" is required, that requirement
    # can be satisfied by any of "install-sh", "install.sh", or "shtool",
    # and $ac_install_sh is set appropriately for whichever one is found.
    if test x"$ac_aux" = x"install-sh"
    then
      if test -f "${as_dir}install-sh"; then
        printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}:   ${as_dir}install-sh found" >&5
        ac_install_sh="${as_dir}install-sh -c"
      elif test -f "${as_dir}install.sh"; then
        printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}:   ${as_dir}install.sh found" >&5
        ac_install_sh="${as_dir}install.sh -c"
      elif test -f "${as_dir}shtool"; then
        printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}:   ${as_dir}shtool found" >&5
        ac_install_sh="${as_dir}shtool install -c"
      else
        ac_aux_dir_found=no
        if $ac_first_candidate; then
          ac_missing_aux_files="${ac_missing_aux_files} install-sh"
        else
          break
        fi
      fi
    else
      if test -f "${as_dir}${ac_aux}"; then
        printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}:   ${as_dir}${ac_aux} found" >&5
      else
        ac_aux_dir_found=no
        if $ac_first_candidate; then
          ac_missing_aux_files="${ac_missing_aux_files} ${ac_aux}"
        else
          break
        fi
      fi
    fi
  done
  if test "$ac_aux_dir_found" = yes; then
    ac_aux_dir="$as_dir"
    break
  fi
  ac_first_candidate=false

  as_found=false
done
IFS=$as_save_IFS
if $as_found
then :

else $as_nop
  as_fn_error $? "cannot find required auxiliary files:$ac_missing_aux_files" "$LINENO" 5
fi


# These three variables are undocumented and unsupported,
# and are intended to be withdrawn in a future Autoconf release.
# They can cause serious problems if a builder's source tree is in a directory
# whose full name contains unusual characters.
if test -f "${ac_aux_dir}config.guess"; then
  ac_config_guess="$SHELL ${ac_aux_dir}config.guess"
fi
if test -f "${ac_aux_dir}config.sub"; then
  ac_config_sub="$SHELL ${ac_aux_dir}config.sub"
fi
if test -f "$ac_aux_dir/configure"; then
  ac_configure="$SHELL ${ac_aux_dir}configure"
fi

# Check that the precious variables saved in the cache have kept the same
# value.
ac_cache_corrupted=false
for ac_var in $ac_precious_vars; do
  eval ac_old_set=\$ac_cv_env_${ac_var}_set
  eval ac_new_set=\$ac_env_${ac_var}_set
  eval ac_old_val=\$ac_cv_env_${ac_var}_value
  eval ac_new_val=\$ac_env_${ac_var}_value
  case $ac_old_set,$ac_new_set in
    set,)
      { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: \`$ac_var' was set to \`$ac_old_val' in the previous run" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: error: \`$ac_var' was set to \`$ac_old_val' in the previous run" >&2;}
      ac_cache_corrupted=: ;;
    ,set)
      { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: \`$ac_var' was not set in the previous run" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: error: \`$ac_var' was not set in the previous run" >&2;}
      ac_cache_corrupted=: ;;
    ,);;
    *)
      if test "x$ac_old_val" != "x$ac_new_val"; then
	# differences in whitespace do not lead to failure.
	ac_old_val_w=`echo x $ac_old_val`
	ac_new_val_w=`echo x $ac_new_val`
	if test "$ac_old_val_w" != "$ac_new_val_w"; then
	  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: \`$ac_var' has changed since the previous run:" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: error: \`$ac_var' has changed since the previous run:" >&2;}
	  ac_cache_corrupted=:
	else
	  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: warning: ignoring whitespace changes in \`$ac_var' since the previous run:" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: warning: ignoring whitespace changes in \`$ac_var' since the previous run:" >&2;}
	  eval $ac_var=\$ac_old_val
	fi
	{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}:   former value:  \`$ac_old_val'" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me:   former value:  \`$ac_old_val'" >&2;}
	{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}:   current value: \`$ac_new_val'" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me:   current value: \`$ac_new_val'" >&2;}
      fi;;
  esac
  # Pass precious variables to config.status.
  if test "$ac_new_set" = set; then
    case $ac_new_val in
    *\'*) ac_arg=$ac_var=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_new_val" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"` ;;
    *) ac_arg=$ac_var=$ac_new_val ;;
    esac
    case " $ac_configure_args " in
      *" '$ac_arg' "*) ;; # Avoid dups.  Use of quotes ensures accuracy.
      *) as_fn_append ac_configure_args " '$ac_arg'" ;;
    esac
  fi
done
if $ac_cache_corrupted; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&2;}
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: changes in the environment can compromise the build" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: error: changes in the environment can compromise the build" >&2;}
  as_fn_error $? "run \`${MAKE-make} distclean' and/or \`rm $cache_file'
	    and start over" "$LINENO" 5
fi
## -------------------- ##
## Main body of script. ##
## -------------------- ##

ac_ext=c
ac_cpp='$CPP $CPPFLAGS'
ac_compile='$CC -c $CFLAGS $CPPFLAGS conftest.$ac_ext >&5'
ac_link='$CC -o conftest$ac_exeext $CFLAGS $CPPFLAGS $LDFLAGS conftest.$ac_ext $LIBS >&5'
ac_compiler_gnu=$ac_cv_c_compiler_gnu






  # Make sure we can run config.sub.
$SHELL "${ac_aux_dir}config.sub" sun4 >/dev/null 2>&1 ||
  as_fn_error $? "cannot run $SHELL ${ac_aux_dir}config.sub" "$LINENO" 5

{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking build system type" >&5
printf %s "checking build system type... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_build+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  ac_build_alias=$build_alias
test "x$ac_build_alias" = x &&
  ac_build_alias=`$SHELL "${ac_aux_dir}config.guess"`
test "x$ac_build_alias" = x &&
  as_fn_error $? "cannot guess build type; you must specify one" "$LINENO" 5
ac_cv_build=`$SHELL "${ac_aux_dir}config.sub" $ac_build_alias` ||
  as_fn_error $? "$SHELL ${ac_aux_dir}config.sub $ac_build_alias failed" "$LINENO" 5

fi
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_build" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_build" >&6; }
case $ac_cv_build in
*-*-*) ;;
*) as_fn_error $? "invalid value of canonical build" "$LINENO" 5;;
esac
build=$ac_cv_build
ac_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS='-'
set x $ac_cv_build
shift
build_cpu=$1
build_vendor=$2
shift; shift
# Remember, the first character of IFS is used to create $*,
# except with old shells:
build_os=$*
IFS=$ac_save_IFS
case $build_os in *\ *) build_os=`echo "$build_os" | sed 's/ /-/g'`;; esac


{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking host system type" >&5
printf %s "checking host system type... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_host+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test "x$host_alias" = x; then
  ac_cv_host=$ac_cv_build
else
  ac_cv_host=`$SHELL "${ac_aux_dir}config.sub" $host_alias` ||
    as_fn_error $? "$SHELL ${ac_aux_dir}config.sub $host_alias failed" "$LINENO" 5
fi

fi
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_host" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_host" >&6; }
case $ac_cv_host in
*-*-*) ;;
*) as_fn_error $? "invalid value of canonical host" "$LINENO" 5;;
esac
host=$ac_cv_host
ac_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS='-'
set x $ac_cv_host
shift
host_cpu=$1
host_vendor=$2
shift; shift
# Remember, the first character of IFS is used to create $*,
# except with old shells:
host_os=$*
IFS=$ac_save_IFS
case $host_os in *\ *) host_os=`echo "$host_os" | sed 's/ /-/g'`;; esac


{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking target system type" >&5
printf %s "checking target system type... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_target+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test "x$target_alias" = x; then
  ac_cv_target=$ac_cv_host
else
  ac_cv_target=`$SHELL "${ac_aux_dir}config.sub" $target_alias` ||
    as_fn_error $? "$SHELL ${ac_aux_dir}config.sub $target_alias failed" "$LINENO" 5
fi

fi
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_target" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_target" >&6; }
case $ac_cv_target in
*-*-*) ;;
*) as_fn_error $? "invalid value of canonical target" "$LINENO" 5;;
esac
target=$ac_cv_target
ac_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS='-'
set x $ac_cv_target
shift
target_cpu=$1
target_vendor=$2
shift; shift
# Remember, the first character of IFS is used to create $*,
# except with old shells:
target_os=$*
IFS=$ac_save_IFS
case $target_os in *\ *) target_os=`echo "$target_os" | sed 's/ /-/g'`;; esac


# The aliases save the names the user supplied, while $host etc.
# will get canonicalized.
test -n "$target_alias" &&
  test "$program_prefix$program_suffix$program_transform_name" = \
    NONENONEs,x,x, &&
  program_prefix=${target_alias}-

#--------------------------------------------------------------------
# CFITSIO Version Numbers:
#--------------------------------------------------------------------
CFITSIO_MAJOR=4

CFITSIO_MINOR=3

CFITSIO_MICRO=1

# Increment soname each time the interface changes:
CFITSIO_SONAME=10


#--------------------------------------------------------------------
# System type
#--------------------------------------------------------------------

case $host in
    *cygwin*)
	ARCH="cygwin"
	EXT="cygwin"
	;;
    *apple-darwin*)
	# Darwin can be powerpc, i386, or x86_64
	ARCH=`uname -p`
	EXT="darwin"
	;;
    *freebsd*)
	ARCH="linux"
	EXT="lnx"
	;;
    *haiku*)
        # Haiku can be arm, i386, or x86_64
        ARCH=`uname -p`
        EXT="haiku"
        ;;
    *hpux*)
	ARCH="hp"
	EXT="hpu"
	;;
    *irix*)
	ARCH="sgi"
	EXT="sgi"
	;;
    *linux*)
	ARCH="linux"
	EXT="lnx"
	;;
    *mingw32*)
	#ARCH=""
	EXT="mingw32"
	;;
    *osf1*)
	ARCH="alpha"
	EXT="osf"
	;;
    *solaris*)
	ARCH="solaris"
	EXT="sol"
	;;
    *ultrix*)
	ARCH="dec"
	EXT="dec"
	;;
    *)
	echo "cfitsio: == Don't know what to do with $host"
	;;
esac

#--------------------------------------------------------------------
# Try first to find a proprietary C compiler, then gcc
#--------------------------------------------------------------------
# This section needs to precede the command options since e.g. the
# bzip2 CHECK_LIB test needs a compiler and in the process sets "CC"
# if it isn't already set.

if test "x$CC" = x; then
  # Prefer clang on Darwin:
  if test "x$EXT" = xdarwin; then
    for ac_prog in clang
do
  # Extract the first word of "$ac_prog", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy $ac_prog; ac_word=$2
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
printf %s "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_CC+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test -n "$CC"; then
  ac_cv_prog_CC="$CC" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if as_fn_executable_p "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; then
    ac_cv_prog_CC="$ac_prog"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi
fi
CC=$ac_cv_prog_CC
if test -n "$CC"; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $CC" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$CC" >&6; }
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi


  test -n "$CC" && break
done

    echo "Gabba Hey!: EXT=$EXT and CC=$CC"
  else
    if test "x$EXT" != xcygwin && test "x$EXT" != xlnx && test "x$EXT" != xmingw32; then
      for ac_prog in cc
do
  # Extract the first word of "$ac_prog", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy $ac_prog; ac_word=$2
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
printf %s "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_CC+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test -n "$CC"; then
  ac_cv_prog_CC="$CC" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if as_fn_executable_p "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; then
    ac_cv_prog_CC="$ac_prog"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi
fi
CC=$ac_cv_prog_CC
if test -n "$CC"; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $CC" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$CC" >&6; }
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi


  test -n "$CC" && break
done

    fi
  fi
fi









ac_ext=c
ac_cpp='$CPP $CPPFLAGS'
ac_compile='$CC -c $CFLAGS $CPPFLAGS conftest.$ac_ext >&5'
ac_link='$CC -o conftest$ac_exeext $CFLAGS $CPPFLAGS $LDFLAGS conftest.$ac_ext $LIBS >&5'
ac_compiler_gnu=$ac_cv_c_compiler_gnu
if test -n "$ac_tool_prefix"; then
  # Extract the first word of "${ac_tool_prefix}gcc", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy ${ac_tool_prefix}gcc; ac_word=$2
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
printf %s "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_CC+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test -n "$CC"; then
  ac_cv_prog_CC="$CC" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if as_fn_executable_p "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; then
    ac_cv_prog_CC="${ac_tool_prefix}gcc"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi
fi
CC=$ac_cv_prog_CC
if test -n "$CC"; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $CC" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$CC" >&6; }
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi


fi
if test -z "$ac_cv_prog_CC"; then
  ac_ct_CC=$CC
  # Extract the first word of "gcc", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy gcc; ac_word=$2
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
printf %s "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_CC+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test -n "$ac_ct_CC"; then
  ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_CC="$ac_ct_CC" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if as_fn_executable_p "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; then
    ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_CC="gcc"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi
fi
ac_ct_CC=$ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_CC
if test -n "$ac_ct_CC"; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_ct_CC" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_ct_CC" >&6; }
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi

  if test "x$ac_ct_CC" = x; then
    CC=""
  else
    case $cross_compiling:$ac_tool_warned in
yes:)
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: using cross tools not prefixed with host triplet" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: using cross tools not prefixed with host triplet" >&2;}
ac_tool_warned=yes ;;
esac
    CC=$ac_ct_CC
  fi
else
  CC="$ac_cv_prog_CC"
fi

if test -z "$CC"; then
          if test -n "$ac_tool_prefix"; then
    # Extract the first word of "${ac_tool_prefix}cc", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy ${ac_tool_prefix}cc; ac_word=$2
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
printf %s "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_CC+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test -n "$CC"; then
  ac_cv_prog_CC="$CC" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if as_fn_executable_p "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; then
    ac_cv_prog_CC="${ac_tool_prefix}cc"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi
fi
CC=$ac_cv_prog_CC
if test -n "$CC"; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $CC" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$CC" >&6; }
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi


  fi
fi
if test -z "$CC"; then
  # Extract the first word of "cc", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy cc; ac_word=$2
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
printf %s "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_CC+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test -n "$CC"; then
  ac_cv_prog_CC="$CC" # Let the user override the test.
else
  ac_prog_rejected=no
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if as_fn_executable_p "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; then
    if test "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" = "/usr/ucb/cc"; then
       ac_prog_rejected=yes
       continue
     fi
    ac_cv_prog_CC="cc"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

if test $ac_prog_rejected = yes; then
  # We found a bogon in the path, so make sure we never use it.
  set dummy $ac_cv_prog_CC
  shift
  if test $# != 0; then
    # We chose a different compiler from the bogus one.
    # However, it has the same basename, so the bogon will be chosen
    # first if we set CC to just the basename; use the full file name.
    shift
    ac_cv_prog_CC="$as_dir$ac_word${1+' '}$@"
  fi
fi
fi
fi
CC=$ac_cv_prog_CC
if test -n "$CC"; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $CC" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$CC" >&6; }
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi


fi
if test -z "$CC"; then
  if test -n "$ac_tool_prefix"; then
  for ac_prog in cl.exe
  do
    # Extract the first word of "$ac_tool_prefix$ac_prog", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy $ac_tool_prefix$ac_prog; ac_word=$2
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
printf %s "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_CC+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test -n "$CC"; then
  ac_cv_prog_CC="$CC" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if as_fn_executable_p "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; then
    ac_cv_prog_CC="$ac_tool_prefix$ac_prog"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi
fi
CC=$ac_cv_prog_CC
if test -n "$CC"; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $CC" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$CC" >&6; }
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi


    test -n "$CC" && break
  done
fi
if test -z "$CC"; then
  ac_ct_CC=$CC
  for ac_prog in cl.exe
do
  # Extract the first word of "$ac_prog", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy $ac_prog; ac_word=$2
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
printf %s "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_CC+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test -n "$ac_ct_CC"; then
  ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_CC="$ac_ct_CC" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if as_fn_executable_p "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; then
    ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_CC="$ac_prog"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi
fi
ac_ct_CC=$ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_CC
if test -n "$ac_ct_CC"; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_ct_CC" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_ct_CC" >&6; }
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi


  test -n "$ac_ct_CC" && break
done

  if test "x$ac_ct_CC" = x; then
    CC=""
  else
    case $cross_compiling:$ac_tool_warned in
yes:)
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: using cross tools not prefixed with host triplet" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: using cross tools not prefixed with host triplet" >&2;}
ac_tool_warned=yes ;;
esac
    CC=$ac_ct_CC
  fi
fi

fi
if test -z "$CC"; then
  if test -n "$ac_tool_prefix"; then
  # Extract the first word of "${ac_tool_prefix}clang", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy ${ac_tool_prefix}clang; ac_word=$2
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
printf %s "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_CC+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test -n "$CC"; then
  ac_cv_prog_CC="$CC" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if as_fn_executable_p "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; then
    ac_cv_prog_CC="${ac_tool_prefix}clang"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi
fi
CC=$ac_cv_prog_CC
if test -n "$CC"; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $CC" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$CC" >&6; }
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi


fi
if test -z "$ac_cv_prog_CC"; then
  ac_ct_CC=$CC
  # Extract the first word of "clang", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy clang; ac_word=$2
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
printf %s "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_CC+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test -n "$ac_ct_CC"; then
  ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_CC="$ac_ct_CC" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if as_fn_executable_p "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; then
    ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_CC="clang"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi
fi
ac_ct_CC=$ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_CC
if test -n "$ac_ct_CC"; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_ct_CC" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_ct_CC" >&6; }
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi

  if test "x$ac_ct_CC" = x; then
    CC=""
  else
    case $cross_compiling:$ac_tool_warned in
yes:)
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: using cross tools not prefixed with host triplet" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: using cross tools not prefixed with host triplet" >&2;}
ac_tool_warned=yes ;;
esac
    CC=$ac_ct_CC
  fi
else
  CC="$ac_cv_prog_CC"
fi

fi


test -z "$CC" && { { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&2;}
as_fn_error $? "no acceptable C compiler found in \$PATH
See \`config.log' for more details" "$LINENO" 5; }

# Provide some information about the compiler.
printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for C compiler version" >&5
set X $ac_compile
ac_compiler=$2
for ac_option in --version -v -V -qversion -version; do
  { { ac_try="$ac_compiler $ac_option >&5"
case "(($ac_try" in
  *\"* | *\`* | *\\*) ac_try_echo=\$ac_try;;
  *) ac_try_echo=$ac_try;;
esac
eval ac_try_echo="\"\$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: $ac_try_echo\""
printf "%s\n" "$ac_try_echo"; } >&5
  (eval "$ac_compiler $ac_option >&5") 2>conftest.err
  ac_status=$?
  if test -s conftest.err; then
    sed '10a\
... rest of stderr output deleted ...
         10q' conftest.err >conftest.er1
    cat conftest.er1 >&5
  fi
  rm -f conftest.er1 conftest.err
  printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
  test $ac_status = 0; }
done

cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */

int
main (void)
{

  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
ac_clean_files_save=$ac_clean_files
ac_clean_files="$ac_clean_files a.out a.out.dSYM a.exe b.out"
# Try to create an executable without -o first, disregard a.out.
# It will help us diagnose broken compilers, and finding out an intuition
# of exeext.
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking whether the C compiler works" >&5
printf %s "checking whether the C compiler works... " >&6; }
ac_link_default=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_link" | sed 's/ -o *conftest[^ ]*//'`

# The possible output files:
ac_files="a.out conftest.exe conftest a.exe a_out.exe b.out conftest.*"

ac_rmfiles=
for ac_file in $ac_files
do
  case $ac_file in
    *.$ac_ext | *.xcoff | *.tds | *.d | *.pdb | *.xSYM | *.bb | *.bbg | *.map | *.inf | *.dSYM | *.o | *.obj ) ;;
    * ) ac_rmfiles="$ac_rmfiles $ac_file";;
  esac
done
rm -f $ac_rmfiles

if { { ac_try="$ac_link_default"
case "(($ac_try" in
  *\"* | *\`* | *\\*) ac_try_echo=\$ac_try;;
  *) ac_try_echo=$ac_try;;
esac
eval ac_try_echo="\"\$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: $ac_try_echo\""
printf "%s\n" "$ac_try_echo"; } >&5
  (eval "$ac_link_default") 2>&5
  ac_status=$?
  printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
  test $ac_status = 0; }
then :
  # Autoconf-2.13 could set the ac_cv_exeext variable to `no'.
# So ignore a value of `no', otherwise this would lead to `EXEEXT = no'
# in a Makefile.  We should not override ac_cv_exeext if it was cached,
# so that the user can short-circuit this test for compilers unknown to
# Autoconf.
for ac_file in $ac_files ''
do
  test -f "$ac_file" || continue
  case $ac_file in
    *.$ac_ext | *.xcoff | *.tds | *.d | *.pdb | *.xSYM | *.bb | *.bbg | *.map | *.inf | *.dSYM | *.o | *.obj )
	;;
    [ab].out )
	# We found the default executable, but exeext='' is most
	# certainly right.
	break;;
    *.* )
	if test ${ac_cv_exeext+y} && test "$ac_cv_exeext" != no;
	then :; else
	   ac_cv_exeext=`expr "$ac_file" : '[^.]*\(\..*\)'`
	fi
	# We set ac_cv_exeext here because the later test for it is not
	# safe: cross compilers may not add the suffix if given an `-o'
	# argument, so we may need to know it at that point already.
	# Even if this section looks crufty: it has the advantage of
	# actually working.
	break;;
    * )
	break;;
  esac
done
test "$ac_cv_exeext" = no && ac_cv_exeext=

else $as_nop
  ac_file=''
fi
if test -z "$ac_file"
then :
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: failed program was:" >&5
sed 's/^/| /' conftest.$ac_ext >&5

{ { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&2;}
as_fn_error 77 "C compiler cannot create executables
See \`config.log' for more details" "$LINENO" 5; }
else $as_nop
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
printf "%s\n" "yes" >&6; }
fi
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for C compiler default output file name" >&5
printf %s "checking for C compiler default output file name... " >&6; }
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_file" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_file" >&6; }
ac_exeext=$ac_cv_exeext

rm -f -r a.out a.out.dSYM a.exe conftest$ac_cv_exeext b.out
ac_clean_files=$ac_clean_files_save
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for suffix of executables" >&5
printf %s "checking for suffix of executables... " >&6; }
if { { ac_try="$ac_link"
case "(($ac_try" in
  *\"* | *\`* | *\\*) ac_try_echo=\$ac_try;;
  *) ac_try_echo=$ac_try;;
esac
eval ac_try_echo="\"\$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: $ac_try_echo\""
printf "%s\n" "$ac_try_echo"; } >&5
  (eval "$ac_link") 2>&5
  ac_status=$?
  printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
  test $ac_status = 0; }
then :
  # If both `conftest.exe' and `conftest' are `present' (well, observable)
# catch `conftest.exe'.  For instance with Cygwin, `ls conftest' will
# work properly (i.e., refer to `conftest.exe'), while it won't with
# `rm'.
for ac_file in conftest.exe conftest conftest.*; do
  test -f "$ac_file" || continue
  case $ac_file in
    *.$ac_ext | *.xcoff | *.tds | *.d | *.pdb | *.xSYM | *.bb | *.bbg | *.map | *.inf | *.dSYM | *.o | *.obj ) ;;
    *.* ) ac_cv_exeext=`expr "$ac_file" : '[^.]*\(\..*\)'`
	  break;;
    * ) break;;
  esac
done
else $as_nop
  { { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&2;}
as_fn_error $? "cannot compute suffix of executables: cannot compile and link
See \`config.log' for more details" "$LINENO" 5; }
fi
rm -f conftest conftest$ac_cv_exeext
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_exeext" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_exeext" >&6; }

rm -f conftest.$ac_ext
EXEEXT=$ac_cv_exeext
ac_exeext=$EXEEXT
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */
#include 
int
main (void)
{
FILE *f = fopen ("conftest.out", "w");
 return ferror (f) || fclose (f) != 0;

  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
ac_clean_files="$ac_clean_files conftest.out"
# Check that the compiler produces executables we can run.  If not, either
# the compiler is broken, or we cross compile.
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking whether we are cross compiling" >&5
printf %s "checking whether we are cross compiling... " >&6; }
if test "$cross_compiling" != yes; then
  { { ac_try="$ac_link"
case "(($ac_try" in
  *\"* | *\`* | *\\*) ac_try_echo=\$ac_try;;
  *) ac_try_echo=$ac_try;;
esac
eval ac_try_echo="\"\$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: $ac_try_echo\""
printf "%s\n" "$ac_try_echo"; } >&5
  (eval "$ac_link") 2>&5
  ac_status=$?
  printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
  test $ac_status = 0; }
  if { ac_try='./conftest$ac_cv_exeext'
  { { case "(($ac_try" in
  *\"* | *\`* | *\\*) ac_try_echo=\$ac_try;;
  *) ac_try_echo=$ac_try;;
esac
eval ac_try_echo="\"\$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: $ac_try_echo\""
printf "%s\n" "$ac_try_echo"; } >&5
  (eval "$ac_try") 2>&5
  ac_status=$?
  printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
  test $ac_status = 0; }; }; then
    cross_compiling=no
  else
    if test "$cross_compiling" = maybe; then
	cross_compiling=yes
    else
	{ { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&2;}
as_fn_error 77 "cannot run C compiled programs.
If you meant to cross compile, use \`--host'.
See \`config.log' for more details" "$LINENO" 5; }
    fi
  fi
fi
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $cross_compiling" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$cross_compiling" >&6; }

rm -f conftest.$ac_ext conftest$ac_cv_exeext conftest.out
ac_clean_files=$ac_clean_files_save
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for suffix of object files" >&5
printf %s "checking for suffix of object files... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_objext+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */

int
main (void)
{

  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
rm -f conftest.o conftest.obj
if { { ac_try="$ac_compile"
case "(($ac_try" in
  *\"* | *\`* | *\\*) ac_try_echo=\$ac_try;;
  *) ac_try_echo=$ac_try;;
esac
eval ac_try_echo="\"\$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: $ac_try_echo\""
printf "%s\n" "$ac_try_echo"; } >&5
  (eval "$ac_compile") 2>&5
  ac_status=$?
  printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: \$? = $ac_status" >&5
  test $ac_status = 0; }
then :
  for ac_file in conftest.o conftest.obj conftest.*; do
  test -f "$ac_file" || continue;
  case $ac_file in
    *.$ac_ext | *.xcoff | *.tds | *.d | *.pdb | *.xSYM | *.bb | *.bbg | *.map | *.inf | *.dSYM ) ;;
    *) ac_cv_objext=`expr "$ac_file" : '.*\.\(.*\)'`
       break;;
  esac
done
else $as_nop
  printf "%s\n" "$as_me: failed program was:" >&5
sed 's/^/| /' conftest.$ac_ext >&5

{ { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&2;}
as_fn_error $? "cannot compute suffix of object files: cannot compile
See \`config.log' for more details" "$LINENO" 5; }
fi
rm -f conftest.$ac_cv_objext conftest.$ac_ext
fi
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_objext" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_objext" >&6; }
OBJEXT=$ac_cv_objext
ac_objext=$OBJEXT
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking whether the compiler supports GNU C" >&5
printf %s "checking whether the compiler supports GNU C... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_c_compiler_gnu+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */

int
main (void)
{
#ifndef __GNUC__
       choke me
#endif

  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_compile "$LINENO"
then :
  ac_compiler_gnu=yes
else $as_nop
  ac_compiler_gnu=no
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam conftest.$ac_ext
ac_cv_c_compiler_gnu=$ac_compiler_gnu

fi
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_c_compiler_gnu" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_c_compiler_gnu" >&6; }
ac_compiler_gnu=$ac_cv_c_compiler_gnu

if test $ac_compiler_gnu = yes; then
  GCC=yes
else
  GCC=
fi
ac_test_CFLAGS=${CFLAGS+y}
ac_save_CFLAGS=$CFLAGS
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking whether $CC accepts -g" >&5
printf %s "checking whether $CC accepts -g... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_cc_g+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  ac_save_c_werror_flag=$ac_c_werror_flag
   ac_c_werror_flag=yes
   ac_cv_prog_cc_g=no
   CFLAGS="-g"
   cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */

int
main (void)
{

  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_compile "$LINENO"
then :
  ac_cv_prog_cc_g=yes
else $as_nop
  CFLAGS=""
      cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */

int
main (void)
{

  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_compile "$LINENO"
then :

else $as_nop
  ac_c_werror_flag=$ac_save_c_werror_flag
	 CFLAGS="-g"
	 cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */

int
main (void)
{

  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_compile "$LINENO"
then :
  ac_cv_prog_cc_g=yes
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam conftest.$ac_ext
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam conftest.$ac_ext
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam conftest.$ac_ext
   ac_c_werror_flag=$ac_save_c_werror_flag
fi
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_prog_cc_g" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_prog_cc_g" >&6; }
if test $ac_test_CFLAGS; then
  CFLAGS=$ac_save_CFLAGS
elif test $ac_cv_prog_cc_g = yes; then
  if test "$GCC" = yes; then
    CFLAGS="-g -O2"
  else
    CFLAGS="-g"
  fi
else
  if test "$GCC" = yes; then
    CFLAGS="-O2"
  else
    CFLAGS=
  fi
fi
ac_prog_cc_stdc=no
if test x$ac_prog_cc_stdc = xno
then :
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $CC option to enable C11 features" >&5
printf %s "checking for $CC option to enable C11 features... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_cc_c11+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  ac_cv_prog_cc_c11=no
ac_save_CC=$CC
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */
$ac_c_conftest_c11_program
_ACEOF
for ac_arg in '' -std=gnu11
do
  CC="$ac_save_CC $ac_arg"
  if ac_fn_c_try_compile "$LINENO"
then :
  ac_cv_prog_cc_c11=$ac_arg
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam
  test "x$ac_cv_prog_cc_c11" != "xno" && break
done
rm -f conftest.$ac_ext
CC=$ac_save_CC
fi

if test "x$ac_cv_prog_cc_c11" = xno
then :
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: unsupported" >&5
printf "%s\n" "unsupported" >&6; }
else $as_nop
  if test "x$ac_cv_prog_cc_c11" = x
then :
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: none needed" >&5
printf "%s\n" "none needed" >&6; }
else $as_nop
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_prog_cc_c11" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_prog_cc_c11" >&6; }
     CC="$CC $ac_cv_prog_cc_c11"
fi
  ac_cv_prog_cc_stdc=$ac_cv_prog_cc_c11
  ac_prog_cc_stdc=c11
fi
fi
if test x$ac_prog_cc_stdc = xno
then :
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $CC option to enable C99 features" >&5
printf %s "checking for $CC option to enable C99 features... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_cc_c99+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  ac_cv_prog_cc_c99=no
ac_save_CC=$CC
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */
$ac_c_conftest_c99_program
_ACEOF
for ac_arg in '' -std=gnu99 -std=c99 -c99 -qlanglvl=extc1x -qlanglvl=extc99 -AC99 -D_STDC_C99=
do
  CC="$ac_save_CC $ac_arg"
  if ac_fn_c_try_compile "$LINENO"
then :
  ac_cv_prog_cc_c99=$ac_arg
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam
  test "x$ac_cv_prog_cc_c99" != "xno" && break
done
rm -f conftest.$ac_ext
CC=$ac_save_CC
fi

if test "x$ac_cv_prog_cc_c99" = xno
then :
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: unsupported" >&5
printf "%s\n" "unsupported" >&6; }
else $as_nop
  if test "x$ac_cv_prog_cc_c99" = x
then :
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: none needed" >&5
printf "%s\n" "none needed" >&6; }
else $as_nop
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_prog_cc_c99" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_prog_cc_c99" >&6; }
     CC="$CC $ac_cv_prog_cc_c99"
fi
  ac_cv_prog_cc_stdc=$ac_cv_prog_cc_c99
  ac_prog_cc_stdc=c99
fi
fi
if test x$ac_prog_cc_stdc = xno
then :
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $CC option to enable C89 features" >&5
printf %s "checking for $CC option to enable C89 features... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_cc_c89+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  ac_cv_prog_cc_c89=no
ac_save_CC=$CC
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */
$ac_c_conftest_c89_program
_ACEOF
for ac_arg in '' -qlanglvl=extc89 -qlanglvl=ansi -std -Ae "-Aa -D_HPUX_SOURCE" "-Xc -D__EXTENSIONS__"
do
  CC="$ac_save_CC $ac_arg"
  if ac_fn_c_try_compile "$LINENO"
then :
  ac_cv_prog_cc_c89=$ac_arg
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam
  test "x$ac_cv_prog_cc_c89" != "xno" && break
done
rm -f conftest.$ac_ext
CC=$ac_save_CC
fi

if test "x$ac_cv_prog_cc_c89" = xno
then :
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: unsupported" >&5
printf "%s\n" "unsupported" >&6; }
else $as_nop
  if test "x$ac_cv_prog_cc_c89" = x
then :
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: none needed" >&5
printf "%s\n" "none needed" >&6; }
else $as_nop
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_prog_cc_c89" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_prog_cc_c89" >&6; }
     CC="$CC $ac_cv_prog_cc_c89"
fi
  ac_cv_prog_cc_stdc=$ac_cv_prog_cc_c89
  ac_prog_cc_stdc=c89
fi
fi

ac_ext=c
ac_cpp='$CPP $CPPFLAGS'
ac_compile='$CC -c $CFLAGS $CPPFLAGS conftest.$ac_ext >&5'
ac_link='$CC -o conftest$ac_exeext $CFLAGS $CPPFLAGS $LDFLAGS conftest.$ac_ext $LIBS >&5'
ac_compiler_gnu=$ac_cv_c_compiler_gnu


#--------------------------------------------------------------------
# Command options
#--------------------------------------------------------------------

ADD_CURL=yes
# Check whether --enable-curl was given.
if test ${enable_curl+y}
then :
  enableval=$enable_curl;  if test $enableval = no; then ADD_CURL=no; fi

fi

if test "x$ADD_CURL" = xno; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: Not linking with curl for remote file i/o support" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: Not linking with curl for remote file i/o support" >&2;}
fi

# Check whether --enable-reentrant was given.
if test ${enable_reentrant+y}
then :
  enableval=$enable_reentrant;  if test $enableval = yes; then BUILD_REENTRANT=yes; fi

fi


SSE_FLAGS=""
# Check whether --enable-sse2 was given.
if test ${enable_sse2+y}
then :
  enableval=$enable_sse2;  if test $enableval = yes; then SSE_FLAGS="-msse2"; fi

fi


# Check whether --enable-ssse3 was given.
if test ${enable_ssse3+y}
then :
  enableval=$enable_ssse3;  if test $enableval = yes; then SSE_FLAGS="$SSE_FLAGS -mssse3"; fi

fi


SYMBOLS=""
# Check whether --enable-symbols was given.
if test ${enable_symbols+y}
then :
  enableval=$enable_symbols;  if test $enableval = yes; then SYMBOLS=yes; fi

fi


# Define BUILD_HERA when building for HERA project to activate code in
# drvrfile.c (by way of fitsio2.h):
# Check whether --enable-hera was given.
if test ${enable_hera+y}
then :
  enableval=$enable_hera;  if test $enableval = yes; then BUILD_HERA=yes; fi

fi

if test "x$BUILD_HERA" = xyes; then
  printf "%s\n" "#define BUILD_HERA 1" >>confdefs.h

fi

# Optional support for bzip2 compression:

ac_header= ac_cache=
for ac_item in $ac_header_c_list
do
  if test $ac_cache; then
    ac_fn_c_check_header_compile "$LINENO" $ac_header ac_cv_header_$ac_cache "$ac_includes_default"
    if eval test \"x\$ac_cv_header_$ac_cache\" = xyes; then
      printf "%s\n" "#define $ac_item 1" >> confdefs.h
    fi
    ac_header= ac_cache=
  elif test $ac_header; then
    ac_cache=$ac_item
  else
    ac_header=$ac_item
  fi
done








if test $ac_cv_header_stdlib_h = yes && test $ac_cv_header_string_h = yes
then :

printf "%s\n" "#define STDC_HEADERS 1" >>confdefs.h

fi

# Check whether --with-bzip2 was given.
if test ${with_bzip2+y}
then :
  withval=$with_bzip2;  if test "x$withval" != "xno"; then
        if test "x$withval" = "xyes" ; then
            { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for main in -lbz2" >&5
printf %s "checking for main in -lbz2... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_lib_bz2_main+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  ac_check_lib_save_LIBS=$LIBS
LIBS="-lbz2  $LIBS"
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */


int
main (void)
{
return main ();
  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_link "$LINENO"
then :
  ac_cv_lib_bz2_main=yes
else $as_nop
  ac_cv_lib_bz2_main=no
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam \
    conftest$ac_exeext conftest.$ac_ext
LIBS=$ac_check_lib_save_LIBS
fi
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_lib_bz2_main" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_lib_bz2_main" >&6; }
if test "x$ac_cv_lib_bz2_main" = xyes
then :
  printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_LIBBZ2 1" >>confdefs.h

  LIBS="-lbz2 $LIBS"

else $as_nop
  as_fn_error $? "Unable to locate bz2 library needed when enabling bzip2 support; try specifying the path" "$LINENO" 5
fi

        else
            BZIP2_PATH="${withval}"
        fi
               for ac_header in bzlib.h
do :
  ac_fn_c_check_header_compile "$LINENO" "bzlib.h" "ac_cv_header_bzlib_h" "$ac_includes_default"
if test "x$ac_cv_header_bzlib_h" = xyes
then :
  printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_BZLIB_H 1" >>confdefs.h

printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_BZIP2 1" >>confdefs.h

fi

done
    fi


fi


# Optional Globus Toolkit support:

# Check whether --with-gsiftp was given.
if test ${with_gsiftp+y}
then :
  withval=$with_gsiftp;  if test "x$withval" != "xno"; then
        if test "x$withval" != "xyes" ; then
            GSIFTP_PATH="${withval}"
        fi

printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_GSIFTP 1" >>confdefs.h

        USE_GSIFTP=yes
    fi


fi

# GSIFTP source code (optional):
if test "x$USE_GSIFTP" = xyes; then
   GSIFTP_SRC="drvrgsiftp.c"
else
   GSIFTP_SRC=""
fi



# Check whether --with-gsiftp-flavour was given.
if test ${with_gsiftp_flavour+y}
then :
  withval=$with_gsiftp_flavour;  if test "x$withval" != "xno"; then
        if test "x$withval" != "xyes" ; then
            GSIFTP_FLAVOUR="${withval}"
        fi

printf "%s\n" "#define GSIFTP_FLAVOUR 1" >>confdefs.h

    fi


fi


# Optionally disable check for zlib:
ZLIB_CHECK=yes

# Check whether --with-zlib-check was given.
if test ${with_zlib_check+y}
then :
  withval=$with_zlib_check;  if test "x$withval" = "xno"; then
       { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: cfitsio: ZLIB is required!" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: cfitsio: ZLIB is required!" >&2;}
       ZLIB_CHECK=no
    fi


fi


#--------------------------------------------------------------------
# Check for install location prefix
#--------------------------------------------------------------------



# make will complain about duplicate targets for the install directories
# if prefix == exec_prefix
INSTALL_ROOT='${prefix}'

test "$exec_prefix" != NONE -a "$prefix" != "$exec_prefix" \
  && INSTALL_ROOT="$INSTALL_ROOT "'${exec_prefix}'

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Handle --enable-symbols=yes
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Remove existing/default optimization:
if test "x$SYMBOLS" = "xyes"; then

   COPT_DEFAULT=`echo $CFLAGS | tr " " "\012" | grep "^-O[0-9]"`

   CFLAGS=`echo $CFLAGS | sed "s:$COPT_DEFAULT::g"`
fi

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

LDFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
LDFLAGS_BIN="$LDFLAGS"

if test "x$FC" = "xnone" ; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: cfitsio: == Fortran compiler search has been overridden" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: cfitsio: == Fortran compiler search has been overridden" >&6;}
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: cfitsio: == Cfitsio will be built without Fortran wrapper support" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: cfitsio: == Cfitsio will be built without Fortran wrapper support" >&6;}
  FC=
  F77_WRAPPERS=
else
  for ac_prog in gfortran g95 g77 f77 ifort f95 f90 xlf cf77 gf77 af77 ncf f2c
do
  # Extract the first word of "$ac_prog", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy $ac_prog; ac_word=$2
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
printf %s "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_FC+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test -n "$FC"; then
  ac_cv_prog_FC="$FC" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if as_fn_executable_p "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; then
    ac_cv_prog_FC="$ac_prog"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi
fi
FC=$ac_cv_prog_FC
if test -n "$FC"; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $FC" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$FC" >&6; }
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi


  test -n "$FC" && break
done
test -n "$FC" || FC="notfound"

  if test $FC = 'notfound' ; then
    { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: cfitsio: == No acceptable Fortran compiler found in \$PATH" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: cfitsio: == No acceptable Fortran compiler found in \$PATH" >&2;}
    { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: cfitsio: == Adding wrapper support for GNU Fortran by default" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: cfitsio: == Adding wrapper support for GNU Fortran by default" >&6;}
    CFORTRANFLAGS="-Dg77Fortran"
    F77_WRAPPERS="\${FITSIO_SRC}"
  else
    CFORTRANFLAGS=
    F77_WRAPPERS="\${FITSIO_SRC}"
    echo $ac_n "checking whether we are using GNU Fortran""... $ac_c" 1>&6
    if test `$FC --version -c < /dev/null 2> /dev/null | grep -c GNU` -gt 0 -o \
            `$FC --version -c < /dev/null 2> /dev/null | grep -ic egcs` -gt 0
    then
      echo "$ac_t""yes" 1>&6
      echo $ac_n "cfitsio: == Adding wrapper support for GNU Fortran""... $ac_c" 1>&6
      CFORTRANFLAGS="-Dg77Fortran"
      echo "$ac_t"" done" 1>&6
    else
      echo "$ac_t""no" 1>&6
      if test $FC = 'f2c' ; then
        echo $ac_n "cfitsio: == Adding wrapper support for f2c""... $ac_c" 1>&6
        CFORTRANFLAGS="-Df2cFortran"
        echo "$ac_t"" done" 1>&6
      fi
    fi
  fi
fi

# ar & ranlib required
#---------------------
# Extract the first word of "ar", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy ar; ac_word=$2
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
printf %s "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_AR+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test -n "$AR"; then
  ac_cv_prog_AR="$AR" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if as_fn_executable_p "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; then
    ac_cv_prog_AR="ar"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

  test -z "$ac_cv_prog_AR" && ac_cv_prog_AR="noar"
fi
fi
AR=$ac_cv_prog_AR
if test -n "$AR"; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $AR" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$AR" >&6; }
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi


if test $AR = noar; then
  as_fn_error $? "ar not found in your \$PATH. See your sysdamin." "$LINENO" 5
fi
ARCHIVE="$AR rv"


if test -n "$ac_tool_prefix"; then
  # Extract the first word of "${ac_tool_prefix}ranlib", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy ${ac_tool_prefix}ranlib; ac_word=$2
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
printf %s "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_RANLIB+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test -n "$RANLIB"; then
  ac_cv_prog_RANLIB="$RANLIB" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if as_fn_executable_p "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; then
    ac_cv_prog_RANLIB="${ac_tool_prefix}ranlib"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi
fi
RANLIB=$ac_cv_prog_RANLIB
if test -n "$RANLIB"; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $RANLIB" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$RANLIB" >&6; }
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi


fi
if test -z "$ac_cv_prog_RANLIB"; then
  ac_ct_RANLIB=$RANLIB
  # Extract the first word of "ranlib", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy ranlib; ac_word=$2
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
printf %s "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_RANLIB+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  if test -n "$ac_ct_RANLIB"; then
  ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_RANLIB="$ac_ct_RANLIB" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if as_fn_executable_p "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; then
    ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_RANLIB="ranlib"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi
fi
ac_ct_RANLIB=$ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_RANLIB
if test -n "$ac_ct_RANLIB"; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_ct_RANLIB" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_ct_RANLIB" >&6; }
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi

  if test "x$ac_ct_RANLIB" = x; then
    RANLIB=":"
  else
    case $cross_compiling:$ac_tool_warned in
yes:)
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: using cross tools not prefixed with host triplet" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: using cross tools not prefixed with host triplet" >&2;}
ac_tool_warned=yes ;;
esac
    RANLIB=$ac_ct_RANLIB
  fi
else
  RANLIB="$ac_cv_prog_RANLIB"
fi


       for ac_header in stdlib.h string.h math.h limits.h
do :
  as_ac_Header=`printf "%s\n" "ac_cv_header_$ac_header" | $as_tr_sh`
ac_fn_c_check_header_compile "$LINENO" "$ac_header" "$as_ac_Header" "$ac_includes_default"
if eval test \"x\$"$as_ac_Header"\" = x"yes"
then :
  cat >>confdefs.h <<_ACEOF
#define `printf "%s\n" "HAVE_$ac_header" | $as_tr_cpp` 1
_ACEOF
 ANSI_HEADER=yes
else $as_nop
  ANSI_HEADER=no
fi

done
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */

int
main (void)
{
void d( int , double)
  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_compile "$LINENO"
then :
  PROTO=yes
else $as_nop
  PROTO=no
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam conftest.$ac_ext
if test $ANSI_HEADER = no -o $PROTO = no; then
     echo "   *********** WARNING: CFITSIO CONFIGURE FAILURE ************  "
     echo "cfitsio: ANSI C environment NOT found. Aborting cfitsio configure."
     if test $ANSI_HEADER = no; then
        echo "cfitsio: You're missing a needed ANSI header file."
     fi
     if test $PROTO = no; then
        echo "cfitsio: Your compiler can't do ANSI function prototypes."
     fi
     echo "cfitsio: You need an ANSI C compiler and all ANSI trappings"
     echo "cfitsio: to build cfitsio.   "
     echo "     *******************************************************  "
     exit 0;
fi

if test "x$SSE_FLAGS" != x; then
    SAVE_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
    CFLAGS="$CFLAGS $SSE_FLAGS"
    { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking whether $CC accepts $SSE_FLAGS" >&5
printf %s "checking whether $CC accepts $SSE_FLAGS... " >&6; }
    ac_ext=c
ac_cpp='$CPP $CPPFLAGS'
ac_compile='$CC -c $CFLAGS $CPPFLAGS conftest.$ac_ext >&5'
ac_link='$CC -o conftest$ac_exeext $CFLAGS $CPPFLAGS $LDFLAGS conftest.$ac_ext $LIBS >&5'
ac_compiler_gnu=$ac_cv_c_compiler_gnu

    cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */

int
main (void)
{

  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_compile "$LINENO"
then :
  c_has_option=yes
else $as_nop
  c_has_option=no
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam conftest.$ac_ext
    { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $c_has_option" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$c_has_option" >&6; }
    ac_ext=c
ac_cpp='$CPP $CPPFLAGS'
ac_compile='$CC -c $CFLAGS $CPPFLAGS conftest.$ac_ext >&5'
ac_link='$CC -o conftest$ac_exeext $CFLAGS $CPPFLAGS $LDFLAGS conftest.$ac_ext $LIBS >&5'
ac_compiler_gnu=$ac_cv_c_compiler_gnu

    if test "$c_has_option" = no; then SSE_FLAGS=""; fi
    CFLAGS="$SAVE_CFLAGS"
fi


CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
LIBPRE=""

case $host in
    *cygwin*)
	CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -DHAVE_POSIX_SIGNALS"
        # LDFLAGS used by utilities:
        LDFLAGS_BIN="$LDFLAGS_BIN -Wl,-rpath,\${CFITSIO_LIB}"
	;;
    *apple-darwin*)

        case $host in
            *darwin[56789]*)
                ;;
            *)

#                # Build for i386 & x86_64 architectures on Darwin 10.x or newer:
#                echo "int main(){return(0);}" > /tmp/$$.c
#                $CC -v -o /tmp/$$.out /tmp/$$.c 2> /tmp/$$.log
#                if test `cat /tmp/$$.log | grep -ci 'LLVM'` -ne 0; then APPLEXCODE="yes"; fi
#                if test "x$APPLEXCODE" = xyes; then
#                  # Flags for building Universal binaries:
#                  C_UNIV_SWITCH="-arch i386 -arch x86_64"
#                  CFLAGS="$CFLAGS $C_UNIV_SWITCH"
#                fi
                # LDFLAGS used by utilities:
                LDFLAGS_BIN="$LDFLAGS_BIN -Wl,-rpath,\${CFITSIO_LIB}"
                ;;
        esac
        # For large file support (but may break Absoft compilers):
        printf "%s\n" "#define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1" >>confdefs.h

        printf "%s\n" "#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64" >>confdefs.h

	;;
    *haiku*)
        # For large file support:
        printf "%s\n" "#define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1" >>confdefs.h

        printf "%s\n" "#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64" >>confdefs.h

        ;;
    *hpux*)
	if test "x$CFORTRANFLAGS" = x ; then
		CFORTRANFLAGS="-Dappendus"
	fi
	CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -DPG_PPU"
	LIBPRE="-Wl,"
	;;
    *irix*)
	CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -DHAVE_POSIX_SIGNALS"
	RANLIB="touch"
	;;
    *linux*)
        # For large file support:
        printf "%s\n" "#define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1" >>confdefs.h

        printf "%s\n" "#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64" >>confdefs.h

        # LDFLAGS used by utilities:
        LDFLAGS_BIN="$LDFLAGS_BIN -Wl,-rpath,\${CFITSIO_LIB}"
	;;
    *mingw32*)
        { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for large file support" >&5
printf %s "checking for large file support... " >&6; }
        cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */
#include 
int
main (void)
{
_FILE_OFFSET_BITS_SET_FSEEKO
  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_compile "$LINENO"
then :

            printf "%s\n" "#define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1" >>confdefs.h

            printf "%s\n" "#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64" >>confdefs.h

            { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
printf "%s\n" "yes" >&6; }

else $as_nop
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam conftest.$ac_ext
        ;;
    *solaris*)
        if test "x$CFORTRANFLAGS" = x ; then
                CFORTRANFLAGS="-Dsolaris"
        fi
        # We need libm on Solaris:
        { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for frexp in -lm" >&5
printf %s "checking for frexp in -lm... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_lib_m_frexp+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  ac_check_lib_save_LIBS=$LIBS
LIBS="-lm  $LIBS"
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */

/* Override any GCC internal prototype to avoid an error.
   Use char because int might match the return type of a GCC
   builtin and then its argument prototype would still apply.  */
char frexp ();
int
main (void)
{
return frexp ();
  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_link "$LINENO"
then :
  ac_cv_lib_m_frexp=yes
else $as_nop
  ac_cv_lib_m_frexp=no
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam \
    conftest$ac_exeext conftest.$ac_ext
LIBS=$ac_check_lib_save_LIBS
fi
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_lib_m_frexp" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_lib_m_frexp" >&6; }
if test "x$ac_cv_lib_m_frexp" = xyes
then :
  printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_LIBM 1" >>confdefs.h

  LIBS="-lm $LIBS"

fi

        # For large file support:
        printf "%s\n" "#define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1" >>confdefs.h

        printf "%s\n" "#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64" >>confdefs.h

	;;
    *)
		echo "cfitsio: == Don't know what do do with $host"
	;;
esac

CFLAGS="$CFLAGS $CFORTRANFLAGS"

case $GCC in
	yes)
		GCCVERSION="`$CC -dumpversion 2>&1`"
		echo "cfitsio: == Using $CC version $GCCVERSION"


		gcc_test=`echo $GCCVERSION | grep -c '2\.[45678]'`

		if test $gcc_test -gt 0
		then

		    CFLAGS=`echo $CFLAGS | sed 's:-O[^ ]* *::'`

		    { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: This gcc is pretty old. Disabling optimization to be safe." >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: This gcc is pretty old. Disabling optimization to be safe." >&2;}
		fi
		;;
	no)
		echo "cfitsio: Old CFLAGS is $CFLAGS"
		CFLAGS=`echo $CFLAGS | sed -e "s/-g/-O/"`
		case $host in
		    *solaris*)

			if test `echo $CFLAGS | grep -c fast` -gt 0
			then
			   echo "cfitsio: Replacing -fast with -O3"
			   CFLAGS=`echo $CFLAGS | sed 's:-fast:-O3:'`
			fi

         		CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -DHAVE_ALLOCA_H -DHAVE_POSIX_SIGNALS"
			;;
		    *)
			echo "== No special changes for $host"
			;;
		esac
		echo "New CFLAGS is $CFLAGS"
		;;
	*)
		# Don't do anything now
		;;
esac

# Shared library section
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHLIB_LD=:
SHLIB_SUFFIX=".so"
CFITSIO_SHLIB=""
CFITSIO_SHLIB_SONAME=""
lhea_shlib_cflags=
case $EXT in
  cygwin|mingw32)
    SHLIB_LD="$CC -shared"
    SHLIB_SUFFIX=".dll"
    ;;
  darwin)

    SHLIB_SUFFIX=".dylib"
    CFITSIO_SHLIB="lib\${PACKAGE}.\${CFITSIO_SONAME}.\${CFITSIO_MAJOR}.\${CFITSIO_MINOR}.\${CFITSIO_MICRO}\${SHLIB_SUFFIX}"
    CFITSIO_SHLIB_SONAME="lib\${PACKAGE}.\${CFITSIO_SONAME}\${SHLIB_SUFFIX}"
    case $host in
        *darwin[56789]*)
            SHLIB_LD="$CC -dynamiclib -install_name lib\${PACKAGE}.\${CFITSIO_SONAME}\${SHLIB_SUFFIX} -compatibility_version \${CFITSIO_SONAME} -current_version \${CFITSIO_SONAME}.\${CFITSIO_MAJOR}.\${CFITSIO_MINOR}.\${CFITSIO_MICRO}"
            ;;
        *)
            # Build 'Universal' binaries (i386 & x86_64 architectures) and
            # use rpath token on Darwin 10.x or newer:
            SHLIB_LD="$CC -dynamiclib $C_UNIV_SWITCH -headerpad_max_install_names -install_name @rpath/lib\${PACKAGE}.\${CFITSIO_SONAME}\${SHLIB_SUFFIX} -compatibility_version \${CFITSIO_SONAME} -current_version \${CFITSIO_SONAME}.\${CFITSIO_MAJOR}.\${CFITSIO_MINOR}.\${CFITSIO_MICRO}"
            ;;
    esac

    lhea_shlib_cflags="-fPIC -fno-common"
    ;;
  haiku)
    SHLIB_LD=":"
    CFITSIO_SHLIB="lib\${PACKAGE}\${SHLIB_SUFFIX}.\${CFITSIO_SONAME}.\${CFITSIO_MAJOR}.\${CFITSIO_MINOR}.\${CFITSIO_MICRO}"
    CFITSIO_SHLIB_SONAME="lib\${PACKAGE}\${SHLIB_SUFFIX}.\${CFITSIO_SONAME}"
    ;;
  hpu)
    SHLIB_LD="ld -b"
    SHLIB_SUFFIX=".sl"
    ;;
  lnx)
    SHLIB_LD=":"
    CFITSIO_SHLIB="lib\${PACKAGE}\${SHLIB_SUFFIX}.\${CFITSIO_SONAME}.\${CFITSIO_MAJOR}.\${CFITSIO_MINOR}.\${CFITSIO_MICRO}"
    CFITSIO_SHLIB_SONAME="lib\${PACKAGE}\${SHLIB_SUFFIX}.\${CFITSIO_SONAME}"
    ;;
  osf)
    SHLIB_LD="ld -shared -expect_unresolved '*'"
    LD_FLAGS="-taso"
    ;;
  sol)
    SHLIB_LD="/usr/ccs/bin/ld -G"
    lhea_shlib_cflags="-KPIC"
    ;;
  sgi)
    SHLIB_LD="ld -shared -rdata_shared"
    ;;
  *)
    { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: Unable to determine how to make a shared library" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: Unable to determine how to make a shared library" >&2;}
    ;;
esac
# Darwin uses gcc (=cc), but needs different flags (see above)
if test "x$EXT" != xdarwin && test "x$EXT" != xcygwin && test "x$EXT" != xmingw32; then
  if test "x$GCC" = xyes; then
    SHLIB_LD="$CC -shared -Wl,-soname,lib\${PACKAGE}\${SHLIB_SUFFIX}.\${CFITSIO_SONAME}"
    lhea_shlib_cflags='-fPIC'
  fi
fi
if test "x$lhea_shlib_cflags" != x; then
  CFLAGS="$CFLAGS $lhea_shlib_cflags"
fi
# Set shared library name for cases in which we aren't setting a 'soname':
if test "x$CFITSIO_SHLIB" = x; then CFITSIO_SHLIB="lib\${PACKAGE}\${SHLIB_SUFFIX}"; fi

# Curl library (will be pulled in to the shared CFITSIO library):
# ---------------------------------------------------------------
CURL_INC=""
CURL_LIB=""
CURL_LIB_PATH=""
if test "x$ADD_CURL" = xyes; then
  # Use curl-config to get compiler & linker flags, if available.
  # (and prefer /usr/bin/curl-config)
  # Extract the first word of "curl-config", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy curl-config; ac_word=$2
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
printf %s "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_path_CURLCONFIG+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  case $CURLCONFIG in
  [\\/]* | ?:[\\/]*)
  ac_cv_path_CURLCONFIG="$CURLCONFIG" # Let the user override the test with a path.
  ;;
  *)
  as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in /usr/bin$PATH_SEPARATOR$PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if as_fn_executable_p "$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; then
    ac_cv_path_CURLCONFIG="$as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

  ;;
esac
fi
CURLCONFIG=$ac_cv_path_CURLCONFIG
if test -n "$CURLCONFIG"; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $CURLCONFIG" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$CURLCONFIG" >&6; }
else
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi


  if test "x$CURLCONFIG" != x; then
    CURL_LIB=`$CURLCONFIG --libs`
    CURL_INC=`$CURLCONFIG --cflags`
    if test "x$CURL_LIB" != x; then
      LIBS_CURL="$CURL_LIB"
      # Mac OS: For third-party curl-config, acquire an rpath:
      if test `echo $host | grep -c apple-darwin` -ne 0 -a `echo $CURL_LIB | grep -c "^-L"` -gt 0; then
        CURL_LIB_PATH=`echo ${CURL_LIB} | tr " " "\012" | grep "^-L" | tr "\012" " " | sed 's:-L::' | sed 's: $::'`
        if test "x$CURL_LIB_PATH" != x; then
          LIBS_CURL="-Wl,-rpath,$CURL_LIB_PATH $CURL_LIB"
        fi
      fi
      if test `echo $host | grep -c cygwin` -ne 0 -o `echo $host | grep -c mingw32` -ne 0; then
          LIBS="$CURL_LIB $LIBS"
      fi
      printf "%s\n" "#define CFITSIO_HAVE_CURL 1" >>confdefs.h

    fi
    if test "x$CURL_INC" != x; then
      CFLAGS="$CURL_INC $CFLAGS"
    fi
  # No curl-config:
  else
    { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: curl-config not found. Disabling curl support." >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: curl-config not found. Disabling curl support." >&2;}
  # Incomplete stubs for possible future use:
  #  AC_CHECK_LIB([curl],[main],[],
  #       [AC_MSG_WARN(Not building curl support for CFITSIO)])
  #  AC_CHECK_HEADER(curl.h,[])
  fi
fi


# ZLIB (required):
if test "x$ZLIB_CHECK" = xyes; then
   { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for inflateEnd in -lz" >&5
printf %s "checking for inflateEnd in -lz... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_lib_z_inflateEnd+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  ac_check_lib_save_LIBS=$LIBS
LIBS="-lz  $LIBS"
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */

/* Override any GCC internal prototype to avoid an error.
   Use char because int might match the return type of a GCC
   builtin and then its argument prototype would still apply.  */
char inflateEnd ();
int
main (void)
{
return inflateEnd ();
  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_link "$LINENO"
then :
  ac_cv_lib_z_inflateEnd=yes
else $as_nop
  ac_cv_lib_z_inflateEnd=no
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam \
    conftest$ac_exeext conftest.$ac_ext
LIBS=$ac_check_lib_save_LIBS
fi
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_lib_z_inflateEnd" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_lib_z_inflateEnd" >&6; }
if test "x$ac_cv_lib_z_inflateEnd" = xyes
then :
  printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_LIBZ 1" >>confdefs.h

  LIBS="-lz $LIBS"

else $as_nop
  as_fn_error $? "Unable to locate zlib compression library" "$LINENO" 5
fi

fi

# GSIFTP flags:
if test "x$GSIFTP_PATH" != x -a "x$GSIFTP_FLAVOUR" != x; then
   CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -I${GSIFTP_PATH}/include/${GSIFTP_FLAVOUR}"
   LIBS="$LIBS -L${GSIFTP_PATH}/lib -lglobus_ftp_client_${GSIFTP_FLAVOUR}"
fi

# BZIP2 flags:
if test "x$BZIP2_PATH" != x; then
   CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -I${BZIP2_PATH}/include"
   LIBS="$LIBS -L${BZIP2_PATH}/lib -lbz2"
fi




# ================= test for the unix ftruncate function ================

{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking whether ftruncate works" >&5
printf %s "checking whether ftruncate works... " >&6; }
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */
#include 

int
main (void)
{

ftruncate(0, 0);

  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_link "$LINENO"
then :

printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_FTRUNCATE 1" >>confdefs.h

{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
printf "%s\n" "yes" >&6; }

else $as_nop
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam \
    conftest$ac_exeext conftest.$ac_ext

# ---------------------------------------------------------
# some systems define long long for 64-bit ints
# ---------------------------------------------------------

{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking whether long long is defined" >&5
printf %s "checking whether long long is defined... " >&6; }
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */
#include 

int
main (void)
{

long long filler;

  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_compile "$LINENO"
then :

printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_LONGLONG 1" >>confdefs.h

{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
printf "%s\n" "yes" >&6; }

else $as_nop
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam conftest.$ac_ext

# ==================== SHARED MEMORY DRIVER SECTION =======================
#
# 09-Mar-98 : modified by JB/ISDC
# 3 checks added to support autoconfiguration of shared memory
# driver. First generic check is made whether shared memory is supported
# at all, then 2 more specific checks are made (architecture dependent).
# Currently tested on : sparc-solaris, intel-linux, sgi-irix, dec-alpha-osf

# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
# check is System V IPC is supported on this machine
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------

{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking whether system V style IPC services are supported" >&5
printf %s "checking whether system V style IPC services are supported... " >&6; }
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */
#include 
#include 
#include 

int
main (void)
{

shmat(0, 0, 0);
shmdt(0);
shmget(0, 0, 0);
semget(0, 0, 0);

  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_link "$LINENO"
then :

printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_SHMEM_SERVICES 1" >>confdefs.h

my_shmem=\${SOURCES_SHMEM}
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
printf "%s\n" "yes" >&6; }

else $as_nop
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam \
    conftest$ac_exeext conftest.$ac_ext



# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
# some systems define flock_t, for others we have to define it ourselves
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------

{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking whether flock_t is defined in sys/fcntl.h" >&5
printf %s "checking whether flock_t is defined in sys/fcntl.h... " >&6; }
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */
#include 

int
main (void)
{

flock_t filler;

  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_compile "$LINENO"
then :

printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_FLOCK_T 1" >>confdefs.h

{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
printf "%s\n" "yes" >&6; }

else $as_nop
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam conftest.$ac_ext

if test "$HAVE_FLOCK_T" != 1; then
   { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking whether flock_t is defined in sys/flock.h" >&5
printf %s "checking whether flock_t is defined in sys/flock.h... " >&6; }
   cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */
#include 

int
main (void)
{

   flock_t filler;

  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_compile "$LINENO"
then :

   printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_FLOCK_T 1" >>confdefs.h

   { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
printf "%s\n" "yes" >&6; }

else $as_nop
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam conftest.$ac_ext
fi

# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Define _REENTRANT & add -lpthread to LIBS if reentrant multithreading enabled:
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if test "x$BUILD_REENTRANT" = xyes; then
  printf "%s\n" "#define _REENTRANT 1" >>confdefs.h

  printf "%s\n" "#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 700" >>confdefs.h

  # Additional definition needed to get 'union semun' when using
  # _XOPEN_SOURCE on a Mac:
  if test "x$EXT" = xdarwin; then
    printf "%s\n" "#define _DARWIN_C_SOURCE 1" >>confdefs.h

  fi
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for main in -lpthread" >&5
printf %s "checking for main in -lpthread... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_lib_pthread_main+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  ac_check_lib_save_LIBS=$LIBS
LIBS="-lpthread  $LIBS"
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */


int
main (void)
{
return main ();
  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_link "$LINENO"
then :
  ac_cv_lib_pthread_main=yes
else $as_nop
  ac_cv_lib_pthread_main=no
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam \
    conftest$ac_exeext conftest.$ac_ext
LIBS=$ac_check_lib_save_LIBS
fi
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_lib_pthread_main" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_lib_pthread_main" >&6; }
if test "x$ac_cv_lib_pthread_main" = xyes
then :
  printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_LIBPTHREAD 1" >>confdefs.h

  LIBS="-lpthread $LIBS"

else $as_nop
  as_fn_error $? "Unable to locate pthread library needed when enabling reentrant multithreading" "$LINENO" 5
fi

fi

# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
# there are some idiosyncrasies with semun defs (used in semxxx). Solaris
# does not define it at all
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------

{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking whether union semun is defined" >&5
printf %s "checking whether union semun is defined... " >&6; }
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */
#include 
#include 
#include 

int
main (void)
{

union semun filler;

  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
if ac_fn_c_try_compile "$LINENO"
then :

printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_UNION_SEMUN 1" >>confdefs.h

{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
printf "%s\n" "yes" >&6; }

else $as_nop
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
printf "%s\n" "no" >&6; }
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam conftest.$ac_ext

# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
# fmemopen is not available on e.g. older Macs:
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------

ac_fn_c_check_func "$LINENO" "fmemopen" "ac_cv_func_fmemopen"
if test "x$ac_cv_func_fmemopen" = xyes
then :
  printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_FMEMOPEN 1" >>confdefs.h

else $as_nop
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: Disabling support for compressed files via FTPS" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: Disabling support for compressed files via FTPS" >&2;}
fi


# ==================== END OF SHARED MEMORY DRIVER SECTION ================
# ================= test for the unix networking functions ================

{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for library containing gethostbyname" >&5
printf %s "checking for library containing gethostbyname... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_search_gethostbyname+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  ac_func_search_save_LIBS=$LIBS
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */

/* Override any GCC internal prototype to avoid an error.
   Use char because int might match the return type of a GCC
   builtin and then its argument prototype would still apply.  */
char gethostbyname ();
int
main (void)
{
return gethostbyname ();
  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
for ac_lib in '' nsl network
do
  if test -z "$ac_lib"; then
    ac_res="none required"
  else
    ac_res=-l$ac_lib
    LIBS="-l$ac_lib  $ac_func_search_save_LIBS"
  fi
  if ac_fn_c_try_link "$LINENO"
then :
  ac_cv_search_gethostbyname=$ac_res
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam \
    conftest$ac_exeext
  if test ${ac_cv_search_gethostbyname+y}
then :
  break
fi
done
if test ${ac_cv_search_gethostbyname+y}
then :

else $as_nop
  ac_cv_search_gethostbyname=no
fi
rm conftest.$ac_ext
LIBS=$ac_func_search_save_LIBS
fi
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_search_gethostbyname" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_search_gethostbyname" >&6; }
ac_res=$ac_cv_search_gethostbyname
if test "$ac_res" != no
then :
  test "$ac_res" = "none required" || LIBS="$ac_res $LIBS"
  cfitsio_have_nsl=1
else $as_nop
  cfitsio_have_nsl=0
fi

{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for library containing connect" >&5
printf %s "checking for library containing connect... " >&6; }
if test ${ac_cv_search_connect+y}
then :
  printf %s "(cached) " >&6
else $as_nop
  ac_func_search_save_LIBS=$LIBS
cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
/* end confdefs.h.  */

/* Override any GCC internal prototype to avoid an error.
   Use char because int might match the return type of a GCC
   builtin and then its argument prototype would still apply.  */
char connect ();
int
main (void)
{
return connect ();
  ;
  return 0;
}
_ACEOF
for ac_lib in '' socket network
do
  if test -z "$ac_lib"; then
    ac_res="none required"
  else
    ac_res=-l$ac_lib
    LIBS="-l$ac_lib -lnsl $ac_func_search_save_LIBS"
  fi
  if ac_fn_c_try_link "$LINENO"
then :
  ac_cv_search_connect=$ac_res
fi
rm -f core conftest.err conftest.$ac_objext conftest.beam \
    conftest$ac_exeext
  if test ${ac_cv_search_connect+y}
then :
  break
fi
done
if test ${ac_cv_search_connect+y}
then :

else $as_nop
  ac_cv_search_connect=no
fi
rm conftest.$ac_ext
LIBS=$ac_func_search_save_LIBS
fi
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_cv_search_connect" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$ac_cv_search_connect" >&6; }
ac_res=$ac_cv_search_connect
if test "$ac_res" != no
then :
  test "$ac_res" = "none required" || LIBS="$ac_res $LIBS"
  cfitsio_have_socket=1
else $as_nop
  cfitsio_have_socket=0
fi


if test "$cfitsio_have_nsl" = 1 -a "$cfitsio_have_socket" = 1; then
   printf "%s\n" "#define HAVE_NET_SERVICES 1" >>confdefs.h

fi

# ==================== END OF unix networking SECTION ================

ac_config_files="$ac_config_files Makefile"

cat >confcache <<\_ACEOF
# This file is a shell script that caches the results of configure
# tests run on this system so they can be shared between configure
# scripts and configure runs, see configure's option --config-cache.
# It is not useful on other systems.  If it contains results you don't
# want to keep, you may remove or edit it.
#
# config.status only pays attention to the cache file if you give it
# the --recheck option to rerun configure.
#
# `ac_cv_env_foo' variables (set or unset) will be overridden when
# loading this file, other *unset* `ac_cv_foo' will be assigned the
# following values.

_ACEOF

# The following way of writing the cache mishandles newlines in values,
# but we know of no workaround that is simple, portable, and efficient.
# So, we kill variables containing newlines.
# Ultrix sh set writes to stderr and can't be redirected directly,
# and sets the high bit in the cache file unless we assign to the vars.
(
  for ac_var in `(set) 2>&1 | sed -n 's/^\([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*\)=.*/\1/p'`; do
    eval ac_val=\$$ac_var
    case $ac_val in #(
    *${as_nl}*)
      case $ac_var in #(
      *_cv_*) { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: cache variable $ac_var contains a newline" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: cache variable $ac_var contains a newline" >&2;} ;;
      esac
      case $ac_var in #(
      _ | IFS | as_nl) ;; #(
      BASH_ARGV | BASH_SOURCE) eval $ac_var= ;; #(
      *) { eval $ac_var=; unset $ac_var;} ;;
      esac ;;
    esac
  done

  (set) 2>&1 |
    case $as_nl`(ac_space=' '; set) 2>&1` in #(
    *${as_nl}ac_space=\ *)
      # `set' does not quote correctly, so add quotes: double-quote
      # substitution turns \\\\ into \\, and sed turns \\ into \.
      sed -n \
	"s/'/'\\\\''/g;
	  s/^\\([_$as_cr_alnum]*_cv_[_$as_cr_alnum]*\\)=\\(.*\\)/\\1='\\2'/p"
      ;; #(
    *)
      # `set' quotes correctly as required by POSIX, so do not add quotes.
      sed -n "/^[_$as_cr_alnum]*_cv_[_$as_cr_alnum]*=/p"
      ;;
    esac |
    sort
) |
  sed '
     /^ac_cv_env_/b end
     t clear
     :clear
     s/^\([^=]*\)=\(.*[{}].*\)$/test ${\1+y} || &/
     t end
     s/^\([^=]*\)=\(.*\)$/\1=${\1=\2}/
     :end' >>confcache
if diff "$cache_file" confcache >/dev/null 2>&1; then :; else
  if test -w "$cache_file"; then
    if test "x$cache_file" != "x/dev/null"; then
      { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: updating cache $cache_file" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: updating cache $cache_file" >&6;}
      if test ! -f "$cache_file" || test -h "$cache_file"; then
	cat confcache >"$cache_file"
      else
        case $cache_file in #(
        */* | ?:*)
	  mv -f confcache "$cache_file"$$ &&
	  mv -f "$cache_file"$$ "$cache_file" ;; #(
        *)
	  mv -f confcache "$cache_file" ;;
	esac
      fi
    fi
  else
    { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: not updating unwritable cache $cache_file" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: not updating unwritable cache $cache_file" >&6;}
  fi
fi
rm -f confcache

test "x$prefix" = xNONE && prefix=$ac_default_prefix
# Let make expand exec_prefix.
test "x$exec_prefix" = xNONE && exec_prefix='${prefix}'

# Transform confdefs.h into DEFS.
# Protect against shell expansion while executing Makefile rules.
# Protect against Makefile macro expansion.
#
# If the first sed substitution is executed (which looks for macros that
# take arguments), then branch to the quote section.  Otherwise,
# look for a macro that doesn't take arguments.
ac_script='
:mline
/\\$/{
 N
 s,\\\n,,
 b mline
}
t clear
:clear
s/^[	 ]*#[	 ]*define[	 ][	 ]*\([^	 (][^	 (]*([^)]*)\)[	 ]*\(.*\)/-D\1=\2/g
t quote
s/^[	 ]*#[	 ]*define[	 ][	 ]*\([^	 ][^	 ]*\)[	 ]*\(.*\)/-D\1=\2/g
t quote
b any
:quote
s/[	 `~#$^&*(){}\\|;'\''"<>?]/\\&/g
s/\[/\\&/g
s/\]/\\&/g
s/\$/$$/g
H
:any
${
	g
	s/^\n//
	s/\n/ /g
	p
}
'
DEFS=`sed -n "$ac_script" confdefs.h`


ac_libobjs=
ac_ltlibobjs=
U=
for ac_i in : $LIBOBJS; do test "x$ac_i" = x: && continue
  # 1. Remove the extension, and $U if already installed.
  ac_script='s/\$U\././;s/\.o$//;s/\.obj$//'
  ac_i=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_i" | sed "$ac_script"`
  # 2. Prepend LIBOBJDIR.  When used with automake>=1.10 LIBOBJDIR
  #    will be set to the directory where LIBOBJS objects are built.
  as_fn_append ac_libobjs " \${LIBOBJDIR}$ac_i\$U.$ac_objext"
  as_fn_append ac_ltlibobjs " \${LIBOBJDIR}$ac_i"'$U.lo'
done
LIBOBJS=$ac_libobjs

LTLIBOBJS=$ac_ltlibobjs



: "${CONFIG_STATUS=./config.status}"
ac_write_fail=0
ac_clean_files_save=$ac_clean_files
ac_clean_files="$ac_clean_files $CONFIG_STATUS"
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: creating $CONFIG_STATUS" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: creating $CONFIG_STATUS" >&6;}
as_write_fail=0
cat >$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ASEOF || as_write_fail=1
#! $SHELL
# Generated by $as_me.
# Run this file to recreate the current configuration.
# Compiler output produced by configure, useful for debugging
# configure, is in config.log if it exists.

debug=false
ac_cs_recheck=false
ac_cs_silent=false

SHELL=\${CONFIG_SHELL-$SHELL}
export SHELL
_ASEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ASEOF || as_write_fail=1
## -------------------- ##
## M4sh Initialization. ##
## -------------------- ##

# Be more Bourne compatible
DUALCASE=1; export DUALCASE # for MKS sh
as_nop=:
if test ${ZSH_VERSION+y} && (emulate sh) >/dev/null 2>&1
then :
  emulate sh
  NULLCMD=:
  # Pre-4.2 versions of Zsh do word splitting on ${1+"$@"}, which
  # is contrary to our usage.  Disable this feature.
  alias -g '${1+"$@"}'='"$@"'
  setopt NO_GLOB_SUBST
else $as_nop
  case `(set -o) 2>/dev/null` in #(
  *posix*) :
    set -o posix ;; #(
  *) :
     ;;
esac
fi



# Reset variables that may have inherited troublesome values from
# the environment.

# IFS needs to be set, to space, tab, and newline, in precisely that order.
# (If _AS_PATH_WALK were called with IFS unset, it would have the
# side effect of setting IFS to empty, thus disabling word splitting.)
# Quoting is to prevent editors from complaining about space-tab.
as_nl='
'
export as_nl
IFS=" ""	$as_nl"

PS1='$ '
PS2='> '
PS4='+ '

# Ensure predictable behavior from utilities with locale-dependent output.
LC_ALL=C
export LC_ALL
LANGUAGE=C
export LANGUAGE

# We cannot yet rely on "unset" to work, but we need these variables
# to be unset--not just set to an empty or harmless value--now, to
# avoid bugs in old shells (e.g. pre-3.0 UWIN ksh).  This construct
# also avoids known problems related to "unset" and subshell syntax
# in other old shells (e.g. bash 2.01 and pdksh 5.2.14).
for as_var in BASH_ENV ENV MAIL MAILPATH CDPATH
do eval test \${$as_var+y} \
  && ( (unset $as_var) || exit 1) >/dev/null 2>&1 && unset $as_var || :
done

# Ensure that fds 0, 1, and 2 are open.
if (exec 3>&0) 2>/dev/null; then :; else exec 0&1) 2>/dev/null; then :; else exec 1>/dev/null; fi
if (exec 3>&2)            ; then :; else exec 2>/dev/null; fi

# The user is always right.
if ${PATH_SEPARATOR+false} :; then
  PATH_SEPARATOR=:
  (PATH='/bin;/bin'; FPATH=$PATH; sh -c :) >/dev/null 2>&1 && {
    (PATH='/bin:/bin'; FPATH=$PATH; sh -c :) >/dev/null 2>&1 ||
      PATH_SEPARATOR=';'
  }
fi


# Find who we are.  Look in the path if we contain no directory separator.
as_myself=
case $0 in #((
  *[\\/]* ) as_myself=$0 ;;
  *) as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    test -r "$as_dir$0" && as_myself=$as_dir$0 && break
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

     ;;
esac
# We did not find ourselves, most probably we were run as `sh COMMAND'
# in which case we are not to be found in the path.
if test "x$as_myself" = x; then
  as_myself=$0
fi
if test ! -f "$as_myself"; then
  printf "%s\n" "$as_myself: error: cannot find myself; rerun with an absolute file name" >&2
  exit 1
fi



# as_fn_error STATUS ERROR [LINENO LOG_FD]
# ----------------------------------------
# Output "`basename $0`: error: ERROR" to stderr. If LINENO and LOG_FD are
# provided, also output the error to LOG_FD, referencing LINENO. Then exit the
# script with STATUS, using 1 if that was 0.
as_fn_error ()
{
  as_status=$1; test $as_status -eq 0 && as_status=1
  if test "$4"; then
    as_lineno=${as_lineno-"$3"} as_lineno_stack=as_lineno_stack=$as_lineno_stack
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: $2" >&$4
  fi
  printf "%s\n" "$as_me: error: $2" >&2
  as_fn_exit $as_status
} # as_fn_error



# as_fn_set_status STATUS
# -----------------------
# Set $? to STATUS, without forking.
as_fn_set_status ()
{
  return $1
} # as_fn_set_status

# as_fn_exit STATUS
# -----------------
# Exit the shell with STATUS, even in a "trap 0" or "set -e" context.
as_fn_exit ()
{
  set +e
  as_fn_set_status $1
  exit $1
} # as_fn_exit

# as_fn_unset VAR
# ---------------
# Portably unset VAR.
as_fn_unset ()
{
  { eval $1=; unset $1;}
}
as_unset=as_fn_unset

# as_fn_append VAR VALUE
# ----------------------
# Append the text in VALUE to the end of the definition contained in VAR. Take
# advantage of any shell optimizations that allow amortized linear growth over
# repeated appends, instead of the typical quadratic growth present in naive
# implementations.
if (eval "as_var=1; as_var+=2; test x\$as_var = x12") 2>/dev/null
then :
  eval 'as_fn_append ()
  {
    eval $1+=\$2
  }'
else $as_nop
  as_fn_append ()
  {
    eval $1=\$$1\$2
  }
fi # as_fn_append

# as_fn_arith ARG...
# ------------------
# Perform arithmetic evaluation on the ARGs, and store the result in the
# global $as_val. Take advantage of shells that can avoid forks. The arguments
# must be portable across $(()) and expr.
if (eval "test \$(( 1 + 1 )) = 2") 2>/dev/null
then :
  eval 'as_fn_arith ()
  {
    as_val=$(( $* ))
  }'
else $as_nop
  as_fn_arith ()
  {
    as_val=`expr "$@" || test $? -eq 1`
  }
fi # as_fn_arith


if expr a : '\(a\)' >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
   test "X`expr 00001 : '.*\(...\)'`" = X001; then
  as_expr=expr
else
  as_expr=false
fi

if (basename -- /) >/dev/null 2>&1 && test "X`basename -- / 2>&1`" = "X/"; then
  as_basename=basename
else
  as_basename=false
fi

if (as_dir=`dirname -- /` && test "X$as_dir" = X/) >/dev/null 2>&1; then
  as_dirname=dirname
else
  as_dirname=false
fi

as_me=`$as_basename -- "$0" ||
$as_expr X/"$0" : '.*/\([^/][^/]*\)/*$' \| \
	 X"$0" : 'X\(//\)$' \| \
	 X"$0" : 'X\(/\)' \| . 2>/dev/null ||
printf "%s\n" X/"$0" |
    sed '/^.*\/\([^/][^/]*\)\/*$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\/\(\/\/\)$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\/\(\/\).*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  s/.*/./; q'`

# Avoid depending upon Character Ranges.
as_cr_letters='abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
as_cr_LETTERS='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
as_cr_Letters=$as_cr_letters$as_cr_LETTERS
as_cr_digits='0123456789'
as_cr_alnum=$as_cr_Letters$as_cr_digits


# Determine whether it's possible to make 'echo' print without a newline.
# These variables are no longer used directly by Autoconf, but are AC_SUBSTed
# for compatibility with existing Makefiles.
ECHO_C= ECHO_N= ECHO_T=
case `echo -n x` in #(((((
-n*)
  case `echo 'xy\c'` in
  *c*) ECHO_T='	';;	# ECHO_T is single tab character.
  xy)  ECHO_C='\c';;
  *)   echo `echo ksh88 bug on AIX 6.1` > /dev/null
       ECHO_T='	';;
  esac;;
*)
  ECHO_N='-n';;
esac

# For backward compatibility with old third-party macros, we provide
# the shell variables $as_echo and $as_echo_n.  New code should use
# AS_ECHO(["message"]) and AS_ECHO_N(["message"]), respectively.
as_echo='printf %s\n'
as_echo_n='printf %s'

rm -f conf$$ conf$$.exe conf$$.file
if test -d conf$$.dir; then
  rm -f conf$$.dir/conf$$.file
else
  rm -f conf$$.dir
  mkdir conf$$.dir 2>/dev/null
fi
if (echo >conf$$.file) 2>/dev/null; then
  if ln -s conf$$.file conf$$ 2>/dev/null; then
    as_ln_s='ln -s'
    # ... but there are two gotchas:
    # 1) On MSYS, both `ln -s file dir' and `ln file dir' fail.
    # 2) DJGPP < 2.04 has no symlinks; `ln -s' creates a wrapper executable.
    # In both cases, we have to default to `cp -pR'.
    ln -s conf$$.file conf$$.dir 2>/dev/null && test ! -f conf$$.exe ||
      as_ln_s='cp -pR'
  elif ln conf$$.file conf$$ 2>/dev/null; then
    as_ln_s=ln
  else
    as_ln_s='cp -pR'
  fi
else
  as_ln_s='cp -pR'
fi
rm -f conf$$ conf$$.exe conf$$.dir/conf$$.file conf$$.file
rmdir conf$$.dir 2>/dev/null


# as_fn_mkdir_p
# -------------
# Create "$as_dir" as a directory, including parents if necessary.
as_fn_mkdir_p ()
{

  case $as_dir in #(
  -*) as_dir=./$as_dir;;
  esac
  test -d "$as_dir" || eval $as_mkdir_p || {
    as_dirs=
    while :; do
      case $as_dir in #(
      *\'*) as_qdir=`printf "%s\n" "$as_dir" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"`;; #'(
      *) as_qdir=$as_dir;;
      esac
      as_dirs="'$as_qdir' $as_dirs"
      as_dir=`$as_dirname -- "$as_dir" ||
$as_expr X"$as_dir" : 'X\(.*[^/]\)//*[^/][^/]*/*$' \| \
	 X"$as_dir" : 'X\(//\)[^/]' \| \
	 X"$as_dir" : 'X\(//\)$' \| \
	 X"$as_dir" : 'X\(/\)' \| . 2>/dev/null ||
printf "%s\n" X"$as_dir" |
    sed '/^X\(.*[^/]\)\/\/*[^/][^/]*\/*$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)[^/].*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\).*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  s/.*/./; q'`
      test -d "$as_dir" && break
    done
    test -z "$as_dirs" || eval "mkdir $as_dirs"
  } || test -d "$as_dir" || as_fn_error $? "cannot create directory $as_dir"


} # as_fn_mkdir_p
if mkdir -p . 2>/dev/null; then
  as_mkdir_p='mkdir -p "$as_dir"'
else
  test -d ./-p && rmdir ./-p
  as_mkdir_p=false
fi


# as_fn_executable_p FILE
# -----------------------
# Test if FILE is an executable regular file.
as_fn_executable_p ()
{
  test -f "$1" && test -x "$1"
} # as_fn_executable_p
as_test_x='test -x'
as_executable_p=as_fn_executable_p

# Sed expression to map a string onto a valid CPP name.
as_tr_cpp="eval sed 'y%*$as_cr_letters%P$as_cr_LETTERS%;s%[^_$as_cr_alnum]%_%g'"

# Sed expression to map a string onto a valid variable name.
as_tr_sh="eval sed 'y%*+%pp%;s%[^_$as_cr_alnum]%_%g'"


exec 6>&1
## ----------------------------------- ##
## Main body of $CONFIG_STATUS script. ##
## ----------------------------------- ##
_ASEOF
test $as_write_fail = 0 && chmod +x $CONFIG_STATUS || ac_write_fail=1

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
# Save the log message, to keep $0 and so on meaningful, and to
# report actual input values of CONFIG_FILES etc. instead of their
# values after options handling.
ac_log="
This file was extended by $as_me, which was
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71.  Invocation command line was

  CONFIG_FILES    = $CONFIG_FILES
  CONFIG_HEADERS  = $CONFIG_HEADERS
  CONFIG_LINKS    = $CONFIG_LINKS
  CONFIG_COMMANDS = $CONFIG_COMMANDS
  $ $0 $@

on `(hostname || uname -n) 2>/dev/null | sed 1q`
"

_ACEOF

case $ac_config_files in *"
"*) set x $ac_config_files; shift; ac_config_files=$*;;
esac



cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
# Files that config.status was made for.
config_files="$ac_config_files"

_ACEOF

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
ac_cs_usage="\
\`$as_me' instantiates files and other configuration actions
from templates according to the current configuration.  Unless the files
and actions are specified as TAGs, all are instantiated by default.

Usage: $0 [OPTION]... [TAG]...

  -h, --help       print this help, then exit
  -V, --version    print version number and configuration settings, then exit
      --config     print configuration, then exit
  -q, --quiet, --silent
                   do not print progress messages
  -d, --debug      don't remove temporary files
      --recheck    update $as_me by reconfiguring in the same conditions
      --file=FILE[:TEMPLATE]
                   instantiate the configuration file FILE

Configuration files:
$config_files

Report bugs to the package provider."

_ACEOF
ac_cs_config=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_configure_args" | sed "$ac_safe_unquote"`
ac_cs_config_escaped=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_cs_config" | sed "s/^ //; s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"`
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
ac_cs_config='$ac_cs_config_escaped'
ac_cs_version="\\
config.status
configured by $0, generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71,
  with options \\"\$ac_cs_config\\"

Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This config.status script is free software; the Free Software Foundation
gives unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it."

ac_pwd='$ac_pwd'
srcdir='$srcdir'
test -n "\$AWK" || AWK=awk
_ACEOF

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
# The default lists apply if the user does not specify any file.
ac_need_defaults=:
while test $# != 0
do
  case $1 in
  --*=?*)
    ac_option=`expr "X$1" : 'X\([^=]*\)='`
    ac_optarg=`expr "X$1" : 'X[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
    ac_shift=:
    ;;
  --*=)
    ac_option=`expr "X$1" : 'X\([^=]*\)='`
    ac_optarg=
    ac_shift=:
    ;;
  *)
    ac_option=$1
    ac_optarg=$2
    ac_shift=shift
    ;;
  esac

  case $ac_option in
  # Handling of the options.
  -recheck | --recheck | --rechec | --reche | --rech | --rec | --re | --r)
    ac_cs_recheck=: ;;
  --version | --versio | --versi | --vers | --ver | --ve | --v | -V )
    printf "%s\n" "$ac_cs_version"; exit ;;
  --config | --confi | --conf | --con | --co | --c )
    printf "%s\n" "$ac_cs_config"; exit ;;
  --debug | --debu | --deb | --de | --d | -d )
    debug=: ;;
  --file | --fil | --fi | --f )
    $ac_shift
    case $ac_optarg in
    *\'*) ac_optarg=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_optarg" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"` ;;
    '') as_fn_error $? "missing file argument" ;;
    esac
    as_fn_append CONFIG_FILES " '$ac_optarg'"
    ac_need_defaults=false;;
  --he | --h |  --help | --hel | -h )
    printf "%s\n" "$ac_cs_usage"; exit ;;
  -q | -quiet | --quiet | --quie | --qui | --qu | --q \
  | -silent | --silent | --silen | --sile | --sil | --si | --s)
    ac_cs_silent=: ;;

  # This is an error.
  -*) as_fn_error $? "unrecognized option: \`$1'
Try \`$0 --help' for more information." ;;

  *) as_fn_append ac_config_targets " $1"
     ac_need_defaults=false ;;

  esac
  shift
done

ac_configure_extra_args=

if $ac_cs_silent; then
  exec 6>/dev/null
  ac_configure_extra_args="$ac_configure_extra_args --silent"
fi

_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
if \$ac_cs_recheck; then
  set X $SHELL '$0' $ac_configure_args \$ac_configure_extra_args --no-create --no-recursion
  shift
  \printf "%s\n" "running CONFIG_SHELL=$SHELL \$*" >&6
  CONFIG_SHELL='$SHELL'
  export CONFIG_SHELL
  exec "\$@"
fi

_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
exec 5>>config.log
{
  echo
  sed 'h;s/./-/g;s/^.../## /;s/...$/ ##/;p;x;p;x' <<_ASBOX
## Running $as_me. ##
_ASBOX
  printf "%s\n" "$ac_log"
} >&5

_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
_ACEOF

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1

# Handling of arguments.
for ac_config_target in $ac_config_targets
do
  case $ac_config_target in
    "Makefile") CONFIG_FILES="$CONFIG_FILES Makefile" ;;

  *) as_fn_error $? "invalid argument: \`$ac_config_target'" "$LINENO" 5;;
  esac
done


# If the user did not use the arguments to specify the items to instantiate,
# then the envvar interface is used.  Set only those that are not.
# We use the long form for the default assignment because of an extremely
# bizarre bug on SunOS 4.1.3.
if $ac_need_defaults; then
  test ${CONFIG_FILES+y} || CONFIG_FILES=$config_files
fi

# Have a temporary directory for convenience.  Make it in the build tree
# simply because there is no reason against having it here, and in addition,
# creating and moving files from /tmp can sometimes cause problems.
# Hook for its removal unless debugging.
# Note that there is a small window in which the directory will not be cleaned:
# after its creation but before its name has been assigned to `$tmp'.
$debug ||
{
  tmp= ac_tmp=
  trap 'exit_status=$?
  : "${ac_tmp:=$tmp}"
  { test ! -d "$ac_tmp" || rm -fr "$ac_tmp"; } && exit $exit_status
' 0
  trap 'as_fn_exit 1' 1 2 13 15
}
# Create a (secure) tmp directory for tmp files.

{
  tmp=`(umask 077 && mktemp -d "./confXXXXXX") 2>/dev/null` &&
  test -d "$tmp"
}  ||
{
  tmp=./conf$$-$RANDOM
  (umask 077 && mkdir "$tmp")
} || as_fn_error $? "cannot create a temporary directory in ." "$LINENO" 5
ac_tmp=$tmp

# Set up the scripts for CONFIG_FILES section.
# No need to generate them if there are no CONFIG_FILES.
# This happens for instance with `./config.status config.h'.
if test -n "$CONFIG_FILES"; then


ac_cr=`echo X | tr X '\015'`
# On cygwin, bash can eat \r inside `` if the user requested igncr.
# But we know of no other shell where ac_cr would be empty at this
# point, so we can use a bashism as a fallback.
if test "x$ac_cr" = x; then
  eval ac_cr=\$\'\\r\'
fi
ac_cs_awk_cr=`$AWK 'BEGIN { print "a\rb" }' /dev/null`
if test "$ac_cs_awk_cr" = "a${ac_cr}b"; then
  ac_cs_awk_cr='\\r'
else
  ac_cs_awk_cr=$ac_cr
fi

echo 'BEGIN {' >"$ac_tmp/subs1.awk" &&
_ACEOF


{
  echo "cat >conf$$subs.awk <<_ACEOF" &&
  echo "$ac_subst_vars" | sed 's/.*/&!$&$ac_delim/' &&
  echo "_ACEOF"
} >conf$$subs.sh ||
  as_fn_error $? "could not make $CONFIG_STATUS" "$LINENO" 5
ac_delim_num=`echo "$ac_subst_vars" | grep -c '^'`
ac_delim='%!_!# '
for ac_last_try in false false false false false :; do
  . ./conf$$subs.sh ||
    as_fn_error $? "could not make $CONFIG_STATUS" "$LINENO" 5

  ac_delim_n=`sed -n "s/.*$ac_delim\$/X/p" conf$$subs.awk | grep -c X`
  if test $ac_delim_n = $ac_delim_num; then
    break
  elif $ac_last_try; then
    as_fn_error $? "could not make $CONFIG_STATUS" "$LINENO" 5
  else
    ac_delim="$ac_delim!$ac_delim _$ac_delim!! "
  fi
done
rm -f conf$$subs.sh

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
cat >>"\$ac_tmp/subs1.awk" <<\\_ACAWK &&
_ACEOF
sed -n '
h
s/^/S["/; s/!.*/"]=/
p
g
s/^[^!]*!//
:repl
t repl
s/'"$ac_delim"'$//
t delim
:nl
h
s/\(.\{148\}\)..*/\1/
t more1
s/["\\]/\\&/g; s/^/"/; s/$/\\n"\\/
p
n
b repl
:more1
s/["\\]/\\&/g; s/^/"/; s/$/"\\/
p
g
s/.\{148\}//
t nl
:delim
h
s/\(.\{148\}\)..*/\1/
t more2
s/["\\]/\\&/g; s/^/"/; s/$/"/
p
b
:more2
s/["\\]/\\&/g; s/^/"/; s/$/"\\/
p
g
s/.\{148\}//
t delim
' >$CONFIG_STATUS || ac_write_fail=1
rm -f conf$$subs.awk
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
_ACAWK
cat >>"\$ac_tmp/subs1.awk" <<_ACAWK &&
  for (key in S) S_is_set[key] = 1
  FS = ""

}
{
  line = $ 0
  nfields = split(line, field, "@")
  substed = 0
  len = length(field[1])
  for (i = 2; i < nfields; i++) {
    key = field[i]
    keylen = length(key)
    if (S_is_set[key]) {
      value = S[key]
      line = substr(line, 1, len) "" value "" substr(line, len + keylen + 3)
      len += length(value) + length(field[++i])
      substed = 1
    } else
      len += 1 + keylen
  }

  print line
}

_ACAWK
_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
if sed "s/$ac_cr//" < /dev/null > /dev/null 2>&1; then
  sed "s/$ac_cr\$//; s/$ac_cr/$ac_cs_awk_cr/g"
else
  cat
fi < "$ac_tmp/subs1.awk" > "$ac_tmp/subs.awk" \
  || as_fn_error $? "could not setup config files machinery" "$LINENO" 5
_ACEOF

# VPATH may cause trouble with some makes, so we remove sole $(srcdir),
# ${srcdir} and @srcdir@ entries from VPATH if srcdir is ".", strip leading and
# trailing colons and then remove the whole line if VPATH becomes empty
# (actually we leave an empty line to preserve line numbers).
if test "x$srcdir" = x.; then
  ac_vpsub='/^[	 ]*VPATH[	 ]*=[	 ]*/{
h
s///
s/^/:/
s/[	 ]*$/:/
s/:\$(srcdir):/:/g
s/:\${srcdir}:/:/g
s/:@srcdir@:/:/g
s/^:*//
s/:*$//
x
s/\(=[	 ]*\).*/\1/
G
s/\n//
s/^[^=]*=[	 ]*$//
}'
fi

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
fi # test -n "$CONFIG_FILES"


eval set X "  :F $CONFIG_FILES      "
shift
for ac_tag
do
  case $ac_tag in
  :[FHLC]) ac_mode=$ac_tag; continue;;
  esac
  case $ac_mode$ac_tag in
  :[FHL]*:*);;
  :L* | :C*:*) as_fn_error $? "invalid tag \`$ac_tag'" "$LINENO" 5;;
  :[FH]-) ac_tag=-:-;;
  :[FH]*) ac_tag=$ac_tag:$ac_tag.in;;
  esac
  ac_save_IFS=$IFS
  IFS=:
  set x $ac_tag
  IFS=$ac_save_IFS
  shift
  ac_file=$1
  shift

  case $ac_mode in
  :L) ac_source=$1;;
  :[FH])
    ac_file_inputs=
    for ac_f
    do
      case $ac_f in
      -) ac_f="$ac_tmp/stdin";;
      *) # Look for the file first in the build tree, then in the source tree
	 # (if the path is not absolute).  The absolute path cannot be DOS-style,
	 # because $ac_f cannot contain `:'.
	 test -f "$ac_f" ||
	   case $ac_f in
	   [\\/$]*) false;;
	   *) test -f "$srcdir/$ac_f" && ac_f="$srcdir/$ac_f";;
	   esac ||
	   as_fn_error 1 "cannot find input file: \`$ac_f'" "$LINENO" 5;;
      esac
      case $ac_f in *\'*) ac_f=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_f" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"`;; esac
      as_fn_append ac_file_inputs " '$ac_f'"
    done

    # Let's still pretend it is `configure' which instantiates (i.e., don't
    # use $as_me), people would be surprised to read:
    #    /* config.h.  Generated by config.status.  */
    configure_input='Generated from '`
	  printf "%s\n" "$*" | sed 's|^[^:]*/||;s|:[^:]*/|, |g'
	`' by configure.'
    if test x"$ac_file" != x-; then
      configure_input="$ac_file.  $configure_input"
      { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: creating $ac_file" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: creating $ac_file" >&6;}
    fi
    # Neutralize special characters interpreted by sed in replacement strings.
    case $configure_input in #(
    *\&* | *\|* | *\\* )
       ac_sed_conf_input=`printf "%s\n" "$configure_input" |
       sed 's/[\\\\&|]/\\\\&/g'`;; #(
    *) ac_sed_conf_input=$configure_input;;
    esac

    case $ac_tag in
    *:-:* | *:-) cat >"$ac_tmp/stdin" \
      || as_fn_error $? "could not create $ac_file" "$LINENO" 5 ;;
    esac
    ;;
  esac

  ac_dir=`$as_dirname -- "$ac_file" ||
$as_expr X"$ac_file" : 'X\(.*[^/]\)//*[^/][^/]*/*$' \| \
	 X"$ac_file" : 'X\(//\)[^/]' \| \
	 X"$ac_file" : 'X\(//\)$' \| \
	 X"$ac_file" : 'X\(/\)' \| . 2>/dev/null ||
printf "%s\n" X"$ac_file" |
    sed '/^X\(.*[^/]\)\/\/*[^/][^/]*\/*$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)[^/].*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\).*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  s/.*/./; q'`
  as_dir="$ac_dir"; as_fn_mkdir_p
  ac_builddir=.

case "$ac_dir" in
.) ac_dir_suffix= ac_top_builddir_sub=. ac_top_build_prefix= ;;
*)
  ac_dir_suffix=/`printf "%s\n" "$ac_dir" | sed 's|^\.[\\/]||'`
  # A ".." for each directory in $ac_dir_suffix.
  ac_top_builddir_sub=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_dir_suffix" | sed 's|/[^\\/]*|/..|g;s|/||'`
  case $ac_top_builddir_sub in
  "") ac_top_builddir_sub=. ac_top_build_prefix= ;;
  *)  ac_top_build_prefix=$ac_top_builddir_sub/ ;;
  esac ;;
esac
ac_abs_top_builddir=$ac_pwd
ac_abs_builddir=$ac_pwd$ac_dir_suffix
# for backward compatibility:
ac_top_builddir=$ac_top_build_prefix

case $srcdir in
  .)  # We are building in place.
    ac_srcdir=.
    ac_top_srcdir=$ac_top_builddir_sub
    ac_abs_top_srcdir=$ac_pwd ;;
  [\\/]* | ?:[\\/]* )  # Absolute name.
    ac_srcdir=$srcdir$ac_dir_suffix;
    ac_top_srcdir=$srcdir
    ac_abs_top_srcdir=$srcdir ;;
  *) # Relative name.
    ac_srcdir=$ac_top_build_prefix$srcdir$ac_dir_suffix
    ac_top_srcdir=$ac_top_build_prefix$srcdir
    ac_abs_top_srcdir=$ac_pwd/$srcdir ;;
esac
ac_abs_srcdir=$ac_abs_top_srcdir$ac_dir_suffix


  case $ac_mode in
  :F)
  #
  # CONFIG_FILE
  #

_ACEOF

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
# If the template does not know about datarootdir, expand it.
# FIXME: This hack should be removed a few years after 2.60.
ac_datarootdir_hack=; ac_datarootdir_seen=
ac_sed_dataroot='
/datarootdir/ {
  p
  q
}
/@datadir@/p
/@docdir@/p
/@infodir@/p
/@localedir@/p
/@mandir@/p'
case `eval "sed -n \"\$ac_sed_dataroot\" $ac_file_inputs"` in
*datarootdir*) ac_datarootdir_seen=yes;;
*@datadir@*|*@docdir@*|*@infodir@*|*@localedir@*|*@mandir@*)
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: $ac_file_inputs seems to ignore the --datarootdir setting" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: $ac_file_inputs seems to ignore the --datarootdir setting" >&2;}
_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
  ac_datarootdir_hack='
  s&@datadir@&$datadir&g
  s&@docdir@&$docdir&g
  s&@infodir@&$infodir&g
  s&@localedir@&$localedir&g
  s&@mandir@&$mandir&g
  s&\\\${datarootdir}&$datarootdir&g' ;;
esac
_ACEOF

# Neutralize VPATH when `$srcdir' = `.'.
# Shell code in configure.ac might set extrasub.
# FIXME: do we really want to maintain this feature?
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
ac_sed_extra="$ac_vpsub
$extrasub
_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
:t
/@[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*@/!b
s|@configure_input@|$ac_sed_conf_input|;t t
s&@top_builddir@&$ac_top_builddir_sub&;t t
s&@top_build_prefix@&$ac_top_build_prefix&;t t
s&@srcdir@&$ac_srcdir&;t t
s&@abs_srcdir@&$ac_abs_srcdir&;t t
s&@top_srcdir@&$ac_top_srcdir&;t t
s&@abs_top_srcdir@&$ac_abs_top_srcdir&;t t
s&@builddir@&$ac_builddir&;t t
s&@abs_builddir@&$ac_abs_builddir&;t t
s&@abs_top_builddir@&$ac_abs_top_builddir&;t t
$ac_datarootdir_hack
"
eval sed \"\$ac_sed_extra\" "$ac_file_inputs" | $AWK -f "$ac_tmp/subs.awk" \
  >$ac_tmp/out || as_fn_error $? "could not create $ac_file" "$LINENO" 5

test -z "$ac_datarootdir_hack$ac_datarootdir_seen" &&
  { ac_out=`sed -n '/\${datarootdir}/p' "$ac_tmp/out"`; test -n "$ac_out"; } &&
  { ac_out=`sed -n '/^[	 ]*datarootdir[	 ]*:*=/p' \
      "$ac_tmp/out"`; test -z "$ac_out"; } &&
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: $ac_file contains a reference to the variable \`datarootdir'
which seems to be undefined.  Please make sure it is defined" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: $ac_file contains a reference to the variable \`datarootdir'
which seems to be undefined.  Please make sure it is defined" >&2;}

  rm -f "$ac_tmp/stdin"
  case $ac_file in
  -) cat "$ac_tmp/out" && rm -f "$ac_tmp/out";;
  *) rm -f "$ac_file" && mv "$ac_tmp/out" "$ac_file";;
  esac \
  || as_fn_error $? "could not create $ac_file" "$LINENO" 5
 ;;



  esac

done # for ac_tag


as_fn_exit 0
_ACEOF
ac_clean_files=$ac_clean_files_save

test $ac_write_fail = 0 ||
  as_fn_error $? "write failure creating $CONFIG_STATUS" "$LINENO" 5


# configure is writing to config.log, and then calls config.status.
# config.status does its own redirection, appending to config.log.
# Unfortunately, on DOS this fails, as config.log is still kept open
# by configure, so config.status won't be able to write to it; its
# output is simply discarded.  So we exec the FD to /dev/null,
# effectively closing config.log, so it can be properly (re)opened and
# appended to by config.status.  When coming back to configure, we
# need to make the FD available again.
if test "$no_create" != yes; then
  ac_cs_success=:
  ac_config_status_args=
  test "$silent" = yes &&
    ac_config_status_args="$ac_config_status_args --quiet"
  exec 5>/dev/null
  $SHELL $CONFIG_STATUS $ac_config_status_args || ac_cs_success=false
  exec 5>>config.log
  # Use ||, not &&, to avoid exiting from the if with $? = 1, which
  # would make configure fail if this is the last instruction.
  $ac_cs_success || as_fn_exit 1
fi
if test -n "$ac_unrecognized_opts" && test "$enable_option_checking" != no; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: unrecognized options: $ac_unrecognized_opts" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: unrecognized options: $ac_unrecognized_opts" >&2;}
fi

ac_config_files="$ac_config_files cfitsio.pc"

cat >confcache <<\_ACEOF
# This file is a shell script that caches the results of configure
# tests run on this system so they can be shared between configure
# scripts and configure runs, see configure's option --config-cache.
# It is not useful on other systems.  If it contains results you don't
# want to keep, you may remove or edit it.
#
# config.status only pays attention to the cache file if you give it
# the --recheck option to rerun configure.
#
# `ac_cv_env_foo' variables (set or unset) will be overridden when
# loading this file, other *unset* `ac_cv_foo' will be assigned the
# following values.

_ACEOF

# The following way of writing the cache mishandles newlines in values,
# but we know of no workaround that is simple, portable, and efficient.
# So, we kill variables containing newlines.
# Ultrix sh set writes to stderr and can't be redirected directly,
# and sets the high bit in the cache file unless we assign to the vars.
(
  for ac_var in `(set) 2>&1 | sed -n 's/^\([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*\)=.*/\1/p'`; do
    eval ac_val=\$$ac_var
    case $ac_val in #(
    *${as_nl}*)
      case $ac_var in #(
      *_cv_*) { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: cache variable $ac_var contains a newline" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: cache variable $ac_var contains a newline" >&2;} ;;
      esac
      case $ac_var in #(
      _ | IFS | as_nl) ;; #(
      BASH_ARGV | BASH_SOURCE) eval $ac_var= ;; #(
      *) { eval $ac_var=; unset $ac_var;} ;;
      esac ;;
    esac
  done

  (set) 2>&1 |
    case $as_nl`(ac_space=' '; set) 2>&1` in #(
    *${as_nl}ac_space=\ *)
      # `set' does not quote correctly, so add quotes: double-quote
      # substitution turns \\\\ into \\, and sed turns \\ into \.
      sed -n \
	"s/'/'\\\\''/g;
	  s/^\\([_$as_cr_alnum]*_cv_[_$as_cr_alnum]*\\)=\\(.*\\)/\\1='\\2'/p"
      ;; #(
    *)
      # `set' quotes correctly as required by POSIX, so do not add quotes.
      sed -n "/^[_$as_cr_alnum]*_cv_[_$as_cr_alnum]*=/p"
      ;;
    esac |
    sort
) |
  sed '
     /^ac_cv_env_/b end
     t clear
     :clear
     s/^\([^=]*\)=\(.*[{}].*\)$/test ${\1+y} || &/
     t end
     s/^\([^=]*\)=\(.*\)$/\1=${\1=\2}/
     :end' >>confcache
if diff "$cache_file" confcache >/dev/null 2>&1; then :; else
  if test -w "$cache_file"; then
    if test "x$cache_file" != "x/dev/null"; then
      { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: updating cache $cache_file" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: updating cache $cache_file" >&6;}
      if test ! -f "$cache_file" || test -h "$cache_file"; then
	cat confcache >"$cache_file"
      else
        case $cache_file in #(
        */* | ?:*)
	  mv -f confcache "$cache_file"$$ &&
	  mv -f "$cache_file"$$ "$cache_file" ;; #(
        *)
	  mv -f confcache "$cache_file" ;;
	esac
      fi
    fi
  else
    { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: not updating unwritable cache $cache_file" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: not updating unwritable cache $cache_file" >&6;}
  fi
fi
rm -f confcache

test "x$prefix" = xNONE && prefix=$ac_default_prefix
# Let make expand exec_prefix.
test "x$exec_prefix" = xNONE && exec_prefix='${prefix}'

# Transform confdefs.h into DEFS.
# Protect against shell expansion while executing Makefile rules.
# Protect against Makefile macro expansion.
#
# If the first sed substitution is executed (which looks for macros that
# take arguments), then branch to the quote section.  Otherwise,
# look for a macro that doesn't take arguments.
ac_script='
:mline
/\\$/{
 N
 s,\\\n,,
 b mline
}
t clear
:clear
s/^[	 ]*#[	 ]*define[	 ][	 ]*\([^	 (][^	 (]*([^)]*)\)[	 ]*\(.*\)/-D\1=\2/g
t quote
s/^[	 ]*#[	 ]*define[	 ][	 ]*\([^	 ][^	 ]*\)[	 ]*\(.*\)/-D\1=\2/g
t quote
b any
:quote
s/[	 `~#$^&*(){}\\|;'\''"<>?]/\\&/g
s/\[/\\&/g
s/\]/\\&/g
s/\$/$$/g
H
:any
${
	g
	s/^\n//
	s/\n/ /g
	p
}
'
DEFS=`sed -n "$ac_script" confdefs.h`


ac_libobjs=
ac_ltlibobjs=
U=
for ac_i in : $LIBOBJS; do test "x$ac_i" = x: && continue
  # 1. Remove the extension, and $U if already installed.
  ac_script='s/\$U\././;s/\.o$//;s/\.obj$//'
  ac_i=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_i" | sed "$ac_script"`
  # 2. Prepend LIBOBJDIR.  When used with automake>=1.10 LIBOBJDIR
  #    will be set to the directory where LIBOBJS objects are built.
  as_fn_append ac_libobjs " \${LIBOBJDIR}$ac_i\$U.$ac_objext"
  as_fn_append ac_ltlibobjs " \${LIBOBJDIR}$ac_i"'$U.lo'
done
LIBOBJS=$ac_libobjs

LTLIBOBJS=$ac_ltlibobjs



: "${CONFIG_STATUS=./config.status}"
ac_write_fail=0
ac_clean_files_save=$ac_clean_files
ac_clean_files="$ac_clean_files $CONFIG_STATUS"
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: creating $CONFIG_STATUS" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: creating $CONFIG_STATUS" >&6;}
as_write_fail=0
cat >$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ASEOF || as_write_fail=1
#! $SHELL
# Generated by $as_me.
# Run this file to recreate the current configuration.
# Compiler output produced by configure, useful for debugging
# configure, is in config.log if it exists.

debug=false
ac_cs_recheck=false
ac_cs_silent=false

SHELL=\${CONFIG_SHELL-$SHELL}
export SHELL
_ASEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ASEOF || as_write_fail=1
## -------------------- ##
## M4sh Initialization. ##
## -------------------- ##

# Be more Bourne compatible
DUALCASE=1; export DUALCASE # for MKS sh
as_nop=:
if test ${ZSH_VERSION+y} && (emulate sh) >/dev/null 2>&1
then :
  emulate sh
  NULLCMD=:
  # Pre-4.2 versions of Zsh do word splitting on ${1+"$@"}, which
  # is contrary to our usage.  Disable this feature.
  alias -g '${1+"$@"}'='"$@"'
  setopt NO_GLOB_SUBST
else $as_nop
  case `(set -o) 2>/dev/null` in #(
  *posix*) :
    set -o posix ;; #(
  *) :
     ;;
esac
fi



# Reset variables that may have inherited troublesome values from
# the environment.

# IFS needs to be set, to space, tab, and newline, in precisely that order.
# (If _AS_PATH_WALK were called with IFS unset, it would have the
# side effect of setting IFS to empty, thus disabling word splitting.)
# Quoting is to prevent editors from complaining about space-tab.
as_nl='
'
export as_nl
IFS=" ""	$as_nl"

PS1='$ '
PS2='> '
PS4='+ '

# Ensure predictable behavior from utilities with locale-dependent output.
LC_ALL=C
export LC_ALL
LANGUAGE=C
export LANGUAGE

# We cannot yet rely on "unset" to work, but we need these variables
# to be unset--not just set to an empty or harmless value--now, to
# avoid bugs in old shells (e.g. pre-3.0 UWIN ksh).  This construct
# also avoids known problems related to "unset" and subshell syntax
# in other old shells (e.g. bash 2.01 and pdksh 5.2.14).
for as_var in BASH_ENV ENV MAIL MAILPATH CDPATH
do eval test \${$as_var+y} \
  && ( (unset $as_var) || exit 1) >/dev/null 2>&1 && unset $as_var || :
done

# Ensure that fds 0, 1, and 2 are open.
if (exec 3>&0) 2>/dev/null; then :; else exec 0&1) 2>/dev/null; then :; else exec 1>/dev/null; fi
if (exec 3>&2)            ; then :; else exec 2>/dev/null; fi

# The user is always right.
if ${PATH_SEPARATOR+false} :; then
  PATH_SEPARATOR=:
  (PATH='/bin;/bin'; FPATH=$PATH; sh -c :) >/dev/null 2>&1 && {
    (PATH='/bin:/bin'; FPATH=$PATH; sh -c :) >/dev/null 2>&1 ||
      PATH_SEPARATOR=';'
  }
fi


# Find who we are.  Look in the path if we contain no directory separator.
as_myself=
case $0 in #((
  *[\\/]* ) as_myself=$0 ;;
  *) as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  case $as_dir in #(((
    '') as_dir=./ ;;
    */) ;;
    *) as_dir=$as_dir/ ;;
  esac
    test -r "$as_dir$0" && as_myself=$as_dir$0 && break
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

     ;;
esac
# We did not find ourselves, most probably we were run as `sh COMMAND'
# in which case we are not to be found in the path.
if test "x$as_myself" = x; then
  as_myself=$0
fi
if test ! -f "$as_myself"; then
  printf "%s\n" "$as_myself: error: cannot find myself; rerun with an absolute file name" >&2
  exit 1
fi



# as_fn_error STATUS ERROR [LINENO LOG_FD]
# ----------------------------------------
# Output "`basename $0`: error: ERROR" to stderr. If LINENO and LOG_FD are
# provided, also output the error to LOG_FD, referencing LINENO. Then exit the
# script with STATUS, using 1 if that was 0.
as_fn_error ()
{
  as_status=$1; test $as_status -eq 0 && as_status=1
  if test "$4"; then
    as_lineno=${as_lineno-"$3"} as_lineno_stack=as_lineno_stack=$as_lineno_stack
    printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: $2" >&$4
  fi
  printf "%s\n" "$as_me: error: $2" >&2
  as_fn_exit $as_status
} # as_fn_error



# as_fn_set_status STATUS
# -----------------------
# Set $? to STATUS, without forking.
as_fn_set_status ()
{
  return $1
} # as_fn_set_status

# as_fn_exit STATUS
# -----------------
# Exit the shell with STATUS, even in a "trap 0" or "set -e" context.
as_fn_exit ()
{
  set +e
  as_fn_set_status $1
  exit $1
} # as_fn_exit

# as_fn_unset VAR
# ---------------
# Portably unset VAR.
as_fn_unset ()
{
  { eval $1=; unset $1;}
}
as_unset=as_fn_unset

# as_fn_append VAR VALUE
# ----------------------
# Append the text in VALUE to the end of the definition contained in VAR. Take
# advantage of any shell optimizations that allow amortized linear growth over
# repeated appends, instead of the typical quadratic growth present in naive
# implementations.
if (eval "as_var=1; as_var+=2; test x\$as_var = x12") 2>/dev/null
then :
  eval 'as_fn_append ()
  {
    eval $1+=\$2
  }'
else $as_nop
  as_fn_append ()
  {
    eval $1=\$$1\$2
  }
fi # as_fn_append

# as_fn_arith ARG...
# ------------------
# Perform arithmetic evaluation on the ARGs, and store the result in the
# global $as_val. Take advantage of shells that can avoid forks. The arguments
# must be portable across $(()) and expr.
if (eval "test \$(( 1 + 1 )) = 2") 2>/dev/null
then :
  eval 'as_fn_arith ()
  {
    as_val=$(( $* ))
  }'
else $as_nop
  as_fn_arith ()
  {
    as_val=`expr "$@" || test $? -eq 1`
  }
fi # as_fn_arith


if expr a : '\(a\)' >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
   test "X`expr 00001 : '.*\(...\)'`" = X001; then
  as_expr=expr
else
  as_expr=false
fi

if (basename -- /) >/dev/null 2>&1 && test "X`basename -- / 2>&1`" = "X/"; then
  as_basename=basename
else
  as_basename=false
fi

if (as_dir=`dirname -- /` && test "X$as_dir" = X/) >/dev/null 2>&1; then
  as_dirname=dirname
else
  as_dirname=false
fi

as_me=`$as_basename -- "$0" ||
$as_expr X/"$0" : '.*/\([^/][^/]*\)/*$' \| \
	 X"$0" : 'X\(//\)$' \| \
	 X"$0" : 'X\(/\)' \| . 2>/dev/null ||
printf "%s\n" X/"$0" |
    sed '/^.*\/\([^/][^/]*\)\/*$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\/\(\/\/\)$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\/\(\/\).*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  s/.*/./; q'`

# Avoid depending upon Character Ranges.
as_cr_letters='abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
as_cr_LETTERS='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
as_cr_Letters=$as_cr_letters$as_cr_LETTERS
as_cr_digits='0123456789'
as_cr_alnum=$as_cr_Letters$as_cr_digits


# Determine whether it's possible to make 'echo' print without a newline.
# These variables are no longer used directly by Autoconf, but are AC_SUBSTed
# for compatibility with existing Makefiles.
ECHO_C= ECHO_N= ECHO_T=
case `echo -n x` in #(((((
-n*)
  case `echo 'xy\c'` in
  *c*) ECHO_T='	';;	# ECHO_T is single tab character.
  xy)  ECHO_C='\c';;
  *)   echo `echo ksh88 bug on AIX 6.1` > /dev/null
       ECHO_T='	';;
  esac;;
*)
  ECHO_N='-n';;
esac

# For backward compatibility with old third-party macros, we provide
# the shell variables $as_echo and $as_echo_n.  New code should use
# AS_ECHO(["message"]) and AS_ECHO_N(["message"]), respectively.
as_echo='printf %s\n'
as_echo_n='printf %s'

rm -f conf$$ conf$$.exe conf$$.file
if test -d conf$$.dir; then
  rm -f conf$$.dir/conf$$.file
else
  rm -f conf$$.dir
  mkdir conf$$.dir 2>/dev/null
fi
if (echo >conf$$.file) 2>/dev/null; then
  if ln -s conf$$.file conf$$ 2>/dev/null; then
    as_ln_s='ln -s'
    # ... but there are two gotchas:
    # 1) On MSYS, both `ln -s file dir' and `ln file dir' fail.
    # 2) DJGPP < 2.04 has no symlinks; `ln -s' creates a wrapper executable.
    # In both cases, we have to default to `cp -pR'.
    ln -s conf$$.file conf$$.dir 2>/dev/null && test ! -f conf$$.exe ||
      as_ln_s='cp -pR'
  elif ln conf$$.file conf$$ 2>/dev/null; then
    as_ln_s=ln
  else
    as_ln_s='cp -pR'
  fi
else
  as_ln_s='cp -pR'
fi
rm -f conf$$ conf$$.exe conf$$.dir/conf$$.file conf$$.file
rmdir conf$$.dir 2>/dev/null


# as_fn_mkdir_p
# -------------
# Create "$as_dir" as a directory, including parents if necessary.
as_fn_mkdir_p ()
{

  case $as_dir in #(
  -*) as_dir=./$as_dir;;
  esac
  test -d "$as_dir" || eval $as_mkdir_p || {
    as_dirs=
    while :; do
      case $as_dir in #(
      *\'*) as_qdir=`printf "%s\n" "$as_dir" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"`;; #'(
      *) as_qdir=$as_dir;;
      esac
      as_dirs="'$as_qdir' $as_dirs"
      as_dir=`$as_dirname -- "$as_dir" ||
$as_expr X"$as_dir" : 'X\(.*[^/]\)//*[^/][^/]*/*$' \| \
	 X"$as_dir" : 'X\(//\)[^/]' \| \
	 X"$as_dir" : 'X\(//\)$' \| \
	 X"$as_dir" : 'X\(/\)' \| . 2>/dev/null ||
printf "%s\n" X"$as_dir" |
    sed '/^X\(.*[^/]\)\/\/*[^/][^/]*\/*$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)[^/].*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\).*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  s/.*/./; q'`
      test -d "$as_dir" && break
    done
    test -z "$as_dirs" || eval "mkdir $as_dirs"
  } || test -d "$as_dir" || as_fn_error $? "cannot create directory $as_dir"


} # as_fn_mkdir_p
if mkdir -p . 2>/dev/null; then
  as_mkdir_p='mkdir -p "$as_dir"'
else
  test -d ./-p && rmdir ./-p
  as_mkdir_p=false
fi


# as_fn_executable_p FILE
# -----------------------
# Test if FILE is an executable regular file.
as_fn_executable_p ()
{
  test -f "$1" && test -x "$1"
} # as_fn_executable_p
as_test_x='test -x'
as_executable_p=as_fn_executable_p

# Sed expression to map a string onto a valid CPP name.
as_tr_cpp="eval sed 'y%*$as_cr_letters%P$as_cr_LETTERS%;s%[^_$as_cr_alnum]%_%g'"

# Sed expression to map a string onto a valid variable name.
as_tr_sh="eval sed 'y%*+%pp%;s%[^_$as_cr_alnum]%_%g'"


exec 6>&1
## ----------------------------------- ##
## Main body of $CONFIG_STATUS script. ##
## ----------------------------------- ##
_ASEOF
test $as_write_fail = 0 && chmod +x $CONFIG_STATUS || ac_write_fail=1

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
# Save the log message, to keep $0 and so on meaningful, and to
# report actual input values of CONFIG_FILES etc. instead of their
# values after options handling.
ac_log="
This file was extended by $as_me, which was
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71.  Invocation command line was

  CONFIG_FILES    = $CONFIG_FILES
  CONFIG_HEADERS  = $CONFIG_HEADERS
  CONFIG_LINKS    = $CONFIG_LINKS
  CONFIG_COMMANDS = $CONFIG_COMMANDS
  $ $0 $@

on `(hostname || uname -n) 2>/dev/null | sed 1q`
"

_ACEOF

case $ac_config_files in *"
"*) set x $ac_config_files; shift; ac_config_files=$*;;
esac



cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
# Files that config.status was made for.
config_files="$ac_config_files"

_ACEOF

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
ac_cs_usage="\
\`$as_me' instantiates files and other configuration actions
from templates according to the current configuration.  Unless the files
and actions are specified as TAGs, all are instantiated by default.

Usage: $0 [OPTION]... [TAG]...

  -h, --help       print this help, then exit
  -V, --version    print version number and configuration settings, then exit
      --config     print configuration, then exit
  -q, --quiet, --silent
                   do not print progress messages
  -d, --debug      don't remove temporary files
      --recheck    update $as_me by reconfiguring in the same conditions
      --file=FILE[:TEMPLATE]
                   instantiate the configuration file FILE

Configuration files:
$config_files

Report bugs to the package provider."

_ACEOF
ac_cs_config=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_configure_args" | sed "$ac_safe_unquote"`
ac_cs_config_escaped=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_cs_config" | sed "s/^ //; s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"`
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
ac_cs_config='$ac_cs_config_escaped'
ac_cs_version="\\
config.status
configured by $0, generated by GNU Autoconf 2.71,
  with options \\"\$ac_cs_config\\"

Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This config.status script is free software; the Free Software Foundation
gives unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it."

ac_pwd='$ac_pwd'
srcdir='$srcdir'
test -n "\$AWK" || AWK=awk
_ACEOF

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
# The default lists apply if the user does not specify any file.
ac_need_defaults=:
while test $# != 0
do
  case $1 in
  --*=?*)
    ac_option=`expr "X$1" : 'X\([^=]*\)='`
    ac_optarg=`expr "X$1" : 'X[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
    ac_shift=:
    ;;
  --*=)
    ac_option=`expr "X$1" : 'X\([^=]*\)='`
    ac_optarg=
    ac_shift=:
    ;;
  *)
    ac_option=$1
    ac_optarg=$2
    ac_shift=shift
    ;;
  esac

  case $ac_option in
  # Handling of the options.
  -recheck | --recheck | --rechec | --reche | --rech | --rec | --re | --r)
    ac_cs_recheck=: ;;
  --version | --versio | --versi | --vers | --ver | --ve | --v | -V )
    printf "%s\n" "$ac_cs_version"; exit ;;
  --config | --confi | --conf | --con | --co | --c )
    printf "%s\n" "$ac_cs_config"; exit ;;
  --debug | --debu | --deb | --de | --d | -d )
    debug=: ;;
  --file | --fil | --fi | --f )
    $ac_shift
    case $ac_optarg in
    *\'*) ac_optarg=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_optarg" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"` ;;
    '') as_fn_error $? "missing file argument" ;;
    esac
    as_fn_append CONFIG_FILES " '$ac_optarg'"
    ac_need_defaults=false;;
  --he | --h |  --help | --hel | -h )
    printf "%s\n" "$ac_cs_usage"; exit ;;
  -q | -quiet | --quiet | --quie | --qui | --qu | --q \
  | -silent | --silent | --silen | --sile | --sil | --si | --s)
    ac_cs_silent=: ;;

  # This is an error.
  -*) as_fn_error $? "unrecognized option: \`$1'
Try \`$0 --help' for more information." ;;

  *) as_fn_append ac_config_targets " $1"
     ac_need_defaults=false ;;

  esac
  shift
done

ac_configure_extra_args=

if $ac_cs_silent; then
  exec 6>/dev/null
  ac_configure_extra_args="$ac_configure_extra_args --silent"
fi

_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
if \$ac_cs_recheck; then
  set X $SHELL '$0' $ac_configure_args \$ac_configure_extra_args --no-create --no-recursion
  shift
  \printf "%s\n" "running CONFIG_SHELL=$SHELL \$*" >&6
  CONFIG_SHELL='$SHELL'
  export CONFIG_SHELL
  exec "\$@"
fi

_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
exec 5>>config.log
{
  echo
  sed 'h;s/./-/g;s/^.../## /;s/...$/ ##/;p;x;p;x' <<_ASBOX
## Running $as_me. ##
_ASBOX
  printf "%s\n" "$ac_log"
} >&5

_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
_ACEOF

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1

# Handling of arguments.
for ac_config_target in $ac_config_targets
do
  case $ac_config_target in
    "Makefile") CONFIG_FILES="$CONFIG_FILES Makefile" ;;
    "cfitsio.pc") CONFIG_FILES="$CONFIG_FILES cfitsio.pc" ;;

  *) as_fn_error $? "invalid argument: \`$ac_config_target'" "$LINENO" 5;;
  esac
done


# If the user did not use the arguments to specify the items to instantiate,
# then the envvar interface is used.  Set only those that are not.
# We use the long form for the default assignment because of an extremely
# bizarre bug on SunOS 4.1.3.
if $ac_need_defaults; then
  test ${CONFIG_FILES+y} || CONFIG_FILES=$config_files
fi

# Have a temporary directory for convenience.  Make it in the build tree
# simply because there is no reason against having it here, and in addition,
# creating and moving files from /tmp can sometimes cause problems.
# Hook for its removal unless debugging.
# Note that there is a small window in which the directory will not be cleaned:
# after its creation but before its name has been assigned to `$tmp'.
$debug ||
{
  tmp= ac_tmp=
  trap 'exit_status=$?
  : "${ac_tmp:=$tmp}"
  { test ! -d "$ac_tmp" || rm -fr "$ac_tmp"; } && exit $exit_status
' 0
  trap 'as_fn_exit 1' 1 2 13 15
}
# Create a (secure) tmp directory for tmp files.

{
  tmp=`(umask 077 && mktemp -d "./confXXXXXX") 2>/dev/null` &&
  test -d "$tmp"
}  ||
{
  tmp=./conf$$-$RANDOM
  (umask 077 && mkdir "$tmp")
} || as_fn_error $? "cannot create a temporary directory in ." "$LINENO" 5
ac_tmp=$tmp

# Set up the scripts for CONFIG_FILES section.
# No need to generate them if there are no CONFIG_FILES.
# This happens for instance with `./config.status config.h'.
if test -n "$CONFIG_FILES"; then


ac_cr=`echo X | tr X '\015'`
# On cygwin, bash can eat \r inside `` if the user requested igncr.
# But we know of no other shell where ac_cr would be empty at this
# point, so we can use a bashism as a fallback.
if test "x$ac_cr" = x; then
  eval ac_cr=\$\'\\r\'
fi
ac_cs_awk_cr=`$AWK 'BEGIN { print "a\rb" }' /dev/null`
if test "$ac_cs_awk_cr" = "a${ac_cr}b"; then
  ac_cs_awk_cr='\\r'
else
  ac_cs_awk_cr=$ac_cr
fi

echo 'BEGIN {' >"$ac_tmp/subs1.awk" &&
_ACEOF


{
  echo "cat >conf$$subs.awk <<_ACEOF" &&
  echo "$ac_subst_vars" | sed 's/.*/&!$&$ac_delim/' &&
  echo "_ACEOF"
} >conf$$subs.sh ||
  as_fn_error $? "could not make $CONFIG_STATUS" "$LINENO" 5
ac_delim_num=`echo "$ac_subst_vars" | grep -c '^'`
ac_delim='%!_!# '
for ac_last_try in false false false false false :; do
  . ./conf$$subs.sh ||
    as_fn_error $? "could not make $CONFIG_STATUS" "$LINENO" 5

  ac_delim_n=`sed -n "s/.*$ac_delim\$/X/p" conf$$subs.awk | grep -c X`
  if test $ac_delim_n = $ac_delim_num; then
    break
  elif $ac_last_try; then
    as_fn_error $? "could not make $CONFIG_STATUS" "$LINENO" 5
  else
    ac_delim="$ac_delim!$ac_delim _$ac_delim!! "
  fi
done
rm -f conf$$subs.sh

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
cat >>"\$ac_tmp/subs1.awk" <<\\_ACAWK &&
_ACEOF
sed -n '
h
s/^/S["/; s/!.*/"]=/
p
g
s/^[^!]*!//
:repl
t repl
s/'"$ac_delim"'$//
t delim
:nl
h
s/\(.\{148\}\)..*/\1/
t more1
s/["\\]/\\&/g; s/^/"/; s/$/\\n"\\/
p
n
b repl
:more1
s/["\\]/\\&/g; s/^/"/; s/$/"\\/
p
g
s/.\{148\}//
t nl
:delim
h
s/\(.\{148\}\)..*/\1/
t more2
s/["\\]/\\&/g; s/^/"/; s/$/"/
p
b
:more2
s/["\\]/\\&/g; s/^/"/; s/$/"\\/
p
g
s/.\{148\}//
t delim
' >$CONFIG_STATUS || ac_write_fail=1
rm -f conf$$subs.awk
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
_ACAWK
cat >>"\$ac_tmp/subs1.awk" <<_ACAWK &&
  for (key in S) S_is_set[key] = 1
  FS = ""

}
{
  line = $ 0
  nfields = split(line, field, "@")
  substed = 0
  len = length(field[1])
  for (i = 2; i < nfields; i++) {
    key = field[i]
    keylen = length(key)
    if (S_is_set[key]) {
      value = S[key]
      line = substr(line, 1, len) "" value "" substr(line, len + keylen + 3)
      len += length(value) + length(field[++i])
      substed = 1
    } else
      len += 1 + keylen
  }

  print line
}

_ACAWK
_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
if sed "s/$ac_cr//" < /dev/null > /dev/null 2>&1; then
  sed "s/$ac_cr\$//; s/$ac_cr/$ac_cs_awk_cr/g"
else
  cat
fi < "$ac_tmp/subs1.awk" > "$ac_tmp/subs.awk" \
  || as_fn_error $? "could not setup config files machinery" "$LINENO" 5
_ACEOF

# VPATH may cause trouble with some makes, so we remove sole $(srcdir),
# ${srcdir} and @srcdir@ entries from VPATH if srcdir is ".", strip leading and
# trailing colons and then remove the whole line if VPATH becomes empty
# (actually we leave an empty line to preserve line numbers).
if test "x$srcdir" = x.; then
  ac_vpsub='/^[	 ]*VPATH[	 ]*=[	 ]*/{
h
s///
s/^/:/
s/[	 ]*$/:/
s/:\$(srcdir):/:/g
s/:\${srcdir}:/:/g
s/:@srcdir@:/:/g
s/^:*//
s/:*$//
x
s/\(=[	 ]*\).*/\1/
G
s/\n//
s/^[^=]*=[	 ]*$//
}'
fi

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
fi # test -n "$CONFIG_FILES"


eval set X "  :F $CONFIG_FILES      "
shift
for ac_tag
do
  case $ac_tag in
  :[FHLC]) ac_mode=$ac_tag; continue;;
  esac
  case $ac_mode$ac_tag in
  :[FHL]*:*);;
  :L* | :C*:*) as_fn_error $? "invalid tag \`$ac_tag'" "$LINENO" 5;;
  :[FH]-) ac_tag=-:-;;
  :[FH]*) ac_tag=$ac_tag:$ac_tag.in;;
  esac
  ac_save_IFS=$IFS
  IFS=:
  set x $ac_tag
  IFS=$ac_save_IFS
  shift
  ac_file=$1
  shift

  case $ac_mode in
  :L) ac_source=$1;;
  :[FH])
    ac_file_inputs=
    for ac_f
    do
      case $ac_f in
      -) ac_f="$ac_tmp/stdin";;
      *) # Look for the file first in the build tree, then in the source tree
	 # (if the path is not absolute).  The absolute path cannot be DOS-style,
	 # because $ac_f cannot contain `:'.
	 test -f "$ac_f" ||
	   case $ac_f in
	   [\\/$]*) false;;
	   *) test -f "$srcdir/$ac_f" && ac_f="$srcdir/$ac_f";;
	   esac ||
	   as_fn_error 1 "cannot find input file: \`$ac_f'" "$LINENO" 5;;
      esac
      case $ac_f in *\'*) ac_f=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_f" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"`;; esac
      as_fn_append ac_file_inputs " '$ac_f'"
    done

    # Let's still pretend it is `configure' which instantiates (i.e., don't
    # use $as_me), people would be surprised to read:
    #    /* config.h.  Generated by config.status.  */
    configure_input='Generated from '`
	  printf "%s\n" "$*" | sed 's|^[^:]*/||;s|:[^:]*/|, |g'
	`' by configure.'
    if test x"$ac_file" != x-; then
      configure_input="$ac_file.  $configure_input"
      { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: creating $ac_file" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: creating $ac_file" >&6;}
    fi
    # Neutralize special characters interpreted by sed in replacement strings.
    case $configure_input in #(
    *\&* | *\|* | *\\* )
       ac_sed_conf_input=`printf "%s\n" "$configure_input" |
       sed 's/[\\\\&|]/\\\\&/g'`;; #(
    *) ac_sed_conf_input=$configure_input;;
    esac

    case $ac_tag in
    *:-:* | *:-) cat >"$ac_tmp/stdin" \
      || as_fn_error $? "could not create $ac_file" "$LINENO" 5 ;;
    esac
    ;;
  esac

  ac_dir=`$as_dirname -- "$ac_file" ||
$as_expr X"$ac_file" : 'X\(.*[^/]\)//*[^/][^/]*/*$' \| \
	 X"$ac_file" : 'X\(//\)[^/]' \| \
	 X"$ac_file" : 'X\(//\)$' \| \
	 X"$ac_file" : 'X\(/\)' \| . 2>/dev/null ||
printf "%s\n" X"$ac_file" |
    sed '/^X\(.*[^/]\)\/\/*[^/][^/]*\/*$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)[^/].*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\).*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  s/.*/./; q'`
  as_dir="$ac_dir"; as_fn_mkdir_p
  ac_builddir=.

case "$ac_dir" in
.) ac_dir_suffix= ac_top_builddir_sub=. ac_top_build_prefix= ;;
*)
  ac_dir_suffix=/`printf "%s\n" "$ac_dir" | sed 's|^\.[\\/]||'`
  # A ".." for each directory in $ac_dir_suffix.
  ac_top_builddir_sub=`printf "%s\n" "$ac_dir_suffix" | sed 's|/[^\\/]*|/..|g;s|/||'`
  case $ac_top_builddir_sub in
  "") ac_top_builddir_sub=. ac_top_build_prefix= ;;
  *)  ac_top_build_prefix=$ac_top_builddir_sub/ ;;
  esac ;;
esac
ac_abs_top_builddir=$ac_pwd
ac_abs_builddir=$ac_pwd$ac_dir_suffix
# for backward compatibility:
ac_top_builddir=$ac_top_build_prefix

case $srcdir in
  .)  # We are building in place.
    ac_srcdir=.
    ac_top_srcdir=$ac_top_builddir_sub
    ac_abs_top_srcdir=$ac_pwd ;;
  [\\/]* | ?:[\\/]* )  # Absolute name.
    ac_srcdir=$srcdir$ac_dir_suffix;
    ac_top_srcdir=$srcdir
    ac_abs_top_srcdir=$srcdir ;;
  *) # Relative name.
    ac_srcdir=$ac_top_build_prefix$srcdir$ac_dir_suffix
    ac_top_srcdir=$ac_top_build_prefix$srcdir
    ac_abs_top_srcdir=$ac_pwd/$srcdir ;;
esac
ac_abs_srcdir=$ac_abs_top_srcdir$ac_dir_suffix


  case $ac_mode in
  :F)
  #
  # CONFIG_FILE
  #

_ACEOF

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
# If the template does not know about datarootdir, expand it.
# FIXME: This hack should be removed a few years after 2.60.
ac_datarootdir_hack=; ac_datarootdir_seen=
ac_sed_dataroot='
/datarootdir/ {
  p
  q
}
/@datadir@/p
/@docdir@/p
/@infodir@/p
/@localedir@/p
/@mandir@/p'
case `eval "sed -n \"\$ac_sed_dataroot\" $ac_file_inputs"` in
*datarootdir*) ac_datarootdir_seen=yes;;
*@datadir@*|*@docdir@*|*@infodir@*|*@localedir@*|*@mandir@*)
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: $ac_file_inputs seems to ignore the --datarootdir setting" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: $ac_file_inputs seems to ignore the --datarootdir setting" >&2;}
_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
  ac_datarootdir_hack='
  s&@datadir@&$datadir&g
  s&@docdir@&$docdir&g
  s&@infodir@&$infodir&g
  s&@localedir@&$localedir&g
  s&@mandir@&$mandir&g
  s&\\\${datarootdir}&$datarootdir&g' ;;
esac
_ACEOF

# Neutralize VPATH when `$srcdir' = `.'.
# Shell code in configure.ac might set extrasub.
# FIXME: do we really want to maintain this feature?
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
ac_sed_extra="$ac_vpsub
$extrasub
_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
:t
/@[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*@/!b
s|@configure_input@|$ac_sed_conf_input|;t t
s&@top_builddir@&$ac_top_builddir_sub&;t t
s&@top_build_prefix@&$ac_top_build_prefix&;t t
s&@srcdir@&$ac_srcdir&;t t
s&@abs_srcdir@&$ac_abs_srcdir&;t t
s&@top_srcdir@&$ac_top_srcdir&;t t
s&@abs_top_srcdir@&$ac_abs_top_srcdir&;t t
s&@builddir@&$ac_builddir&;t t
s&@abs_builddir@&$ac_abs_builddir&;t t
s&@abs_top_builddir@&$ac_abs_top_builddir&;t t
$ac_datarootdir_hack
"
eval sed \"\$ac_sed_extra\" "$ac_file_inputs" | $AWK -f "$ac_tmp/subs.awk" \
  >$ac_tmp/out || as_fn_error $? "could not create $ac_file" "$LINENO" 5

test -z "$ac_datarootdir_hack$ac_datarootdir_seen" &&
  { ac_out=`sed -n '/\${datarootdir}/p' "$ac_tmp/out"`; test -n "$ac_out"; } &&
  { ac_out=`sed -n '/^[	 ]*datarootdir[	 ]*:*=/p' \
      "$ac_tmp/out"`; test -z "$ac_out"; } &&
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: $ac_file contains a reference to the variable \`datarootdir'
which seems to be undefined.  Please make sure it is defined" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: $ac_file contains a reference to the variable \`datarootdir'
which seems to be undefined.  Please make sure it is defined" >&2;}

  rm -f "$ac_tmp/stdin"
  case $ac_file in
  -) cat "$ac_tmp/out" && rm -f "$ac_tmp/out";;
  *) rm -f "$ac_file" && mv "$ac_tmp/out" "$ac_file";;
  esac \
  || as_fn_error $? "could not create $ac_file" "$LINENO" 5
 ;;



  esac

done # for ac_tag


as_fn_exit 0
_ACEOF
ac_clean_files=$ac_clean_files_save

test $ac_write_fail = 0 ||
  as_fn_error $? "write failure creating $CONFIG_STATUS" "$LINENO" 5


# configure is writing to config.log, and then calls config.status.
# config.status does its own redirection, appending to config.log.
# Unfortunately, on DOS this fails, as config.log is still kept open
# by configure, so config.status won't be able to write to it; its
# output is simply discarded.  So we exec the FD to /dev/null,
# effectively closing config.log, so it can be properly (re)opened and
# appended to by config.status.  When coming back to configure, we
# need to make the FD available again.
if test "$no_create" != yes; then
  ac_cs_success=:
  ac_config_status_args=
  test "$silent" = yes &&
    ac_config_status_args="$ac_config_status_args --quiet"
  exec 5>/dev/null
  $SHELL $CONFIG_STATUS $ac_config_status_args || ac_cs_success=false
  exec 5>>config.log
  # Use ||, not &&, to avoid exiting from the if with $? = 1, which
  # would make configure fail if this is the last instruction.
  $ac_cs_success || as_fn_exit 1
fi
if test -n "$ac_unrecognized_opts" && test "$enable_option_checking" != no; then
  { printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: unrecognized options: $ac_unrecognized_opts" >&5
printf "%s\n" "$as_me: WARNING: unrecognized options: $ac_unrecognized_opts" >&2;}
fi



{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: " >&5
printf "%s\n" "" >&6; }
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result:     Congratulations, Makefile update was successful." >&5
printf "%s\n" "    Congratulations, Makefile update was successful." >&6; }
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result:     You may want to run make now." >&5
printf "%s\n" "    You may want to run make now." >&6; }
{ printf "%s\n" "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: " >&5
printf "%s\n" "" >&6; }


cfitsio-4.3.1/iter_var.c0000644000225700000360000000636713472024437014446 0ustar  cagordonlhea#include 
#include 
#include 
#include "fitsio.h"

/*
  This program illustrates how to use the CFITSIO iterator function.
  It reads and modifies the input 'iter_a.fit' file by computing a
  value for the 'rate' column as a function of the values in the other
  'counts' and 'time' columns.
*/
main()
{
    extern flux_rate(); /* external work function is passed to the iterator */
    fitsfile *fptr;
    iteratorCol cols[3];  /* structure used by the iterator function */
    int n_cols;
    long rows_per_loop, offset;

    int status, nkeys, keypos, hdutype, ii, jj;
    char filename[]  = "vari.fits";     /* name of rate FITS file */

    status = 0; 

    fits_open_file(&fptr, filename, READWRITE, &status); /* open file */

    /* move to the desired binary table extension */
    if (fits_movnam_hdu(fptr, BINARY_TBL, "COMPRESSED_IMAGE", 0, &status) )
        fits_report_error(stderr, status);    /* print out error messages */

    n_cols  = 1;   /* number of columns */

    /* define input column structure members for the iterator function */
    fits_iter_set_by_name(&cols[0], fptr, "COMPRESSED_DATA", 0,  InputCol);

    rows_per_loop = 0;  /* use default optimum number of rows */
    offset = 0;         /* process all the rows */

    /* apply the rate function to each row of the table */
    printf("Calling iterator function...%d\n", status);

    fits_iterate_data(n_cols, cols, offset, rows_per_loop,
                      flux_rate, 0L, &status);

    fits_close_file(fptr, &status);      /* all done */

    if (status)
        fits_report_error(stderr, status);  /* print out error messages */

    return(status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int flux_rate(long totalrows, long offset, long firstrow, long nrows,
             int ncols, iteratorCol *cols, void *user_strct ) 

/*
   Sample iterator function that calculates the output flux 'rate' column
   by dividing the input 'counts' by the 'time' column.
   It also applies a constant deadtime correction factor if the 'deadtime'
   keyword exists.  Finally, this creates or updates the 'LIVETIME'
   keyword with the sum of all the individual integration times.
*/
{
    int ii, status = 0;
    long repeat;

    /* declare variables static to preserve their values between calls */
    static unsigned char *counts;

    /*--------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Initialization procedures: execute on the first call  */
    /*--------------------------------------------------------*/
    if (firstrow == 1)
    {

printf("Datatype of column = %d\n",fits_iter_get_datatype(&cols[0]));

       /* assign the input pointers to the appropriate arrays and null ptrs*/
       counts       = (long *)  fits_iter_get_array(&cols[0]);

    }

    /*--------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Main loop: process all the rows of data */
    /*--------------------------------------------*/

    /*  NOTE: 1st element of array is the null pixel value!  */
    /*  Loop from 1 to nrows, not 0 to nrows - 1.  */


    for (ii = 1; ii <= nrows; ii++)
    {
       repeat = fits_iter_get_repeat(&cols[0]);
       printf ("repeat = %d, %d\n",repeat, counts[1]);
       
    }


    return(0);  /* return successful status */
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/makepc.bat0000644000225700000360000000440313472024437014404 0ustar  cagordonlhearem:  this batch file builds the cfitsio library 
rem:  using the Borland C++ v4.5 or new free v5.5 compiler
rem:
bcc32 -c buffers.c
bcc32 -c cfileio.c
bcc32 -c checksum.c
bcc32 -c drvrfile.c
bcc32 -c drvrmem.c
bcc32 -c editcol.c
bcc32 -c edithdu.c
bcc32 -c eval_l.c
bcc32 -c eval_y.c
bcc32 -c eval_f.c
bcc32 -c fitscore.c
bcc32 -c getcol.c
bcc32 -c getcolb.c
bcc32 -c getcolsb.c
bcc32 -c getcoli.c
bcc32 -c getcolj.c
bcc32 -c getcolui.c
bcc32 -c getcoluj.c
bcc32 -c getcoluk.c
bcc32 -c getcolk.c
bcc32 -c getcole.c
bcc32 -c getcold.c
bcc32 -c getcoll.c
bcc32 -c getcols.c
bcc32 -c getkey.c
bcc32 -c group.c
bcc32 -c grparser.c
bcc32 -c histo.c
bcc32 -c iraffits.c
bcc32 -c modkey.c
bcc32 -c putcol.c
bcc32 -c putcolb.c
bcc32 -c putcolsb.c
bcc32 -c putcoli.c
bcc32 -c putcolj.c
bcc32 -c putcolui.c
bcc32 -c putcoluj.c
bcc32 -c putcoluk.c
bcc32 -c putcolk.c
bcc32 -c putcole.c
bcc32 -c putcold.c
bcc32 -c putcols.c
bcc32 -c putcoll.c
bcc32 -c putcolu.c
bcc32 -c putkey.c
bcc32 -c region.c
bcc32 -c scalnull.c
bcc32 -c swapproc.c
bcc32 -c wcsutil.c
bcc32 -c wcssub.c
bcc32 -c imcompress.c
bcc32 -c quantize.c
bcc32 -c ricecomp.c
bcc32 -c pliocomp.c
bcc32 -c fits_hcompress.c
bcc32 -c fits_hdecompress.c
bcc32 -c zuncompress.c
bcc32 -c zcompress.c
bcc32 -c adler32.c
bcc32 -c crc32.c
bcc32 -c inffast.c
bcc32 -c inftrees.c
bcc32 -c trees.c
bcc32 -c zutil.c
bcc32 -c deflate.c
bcc32 -c infback.c
bcc32 -c inflate.c
bcc32 -c uncompr.c
del cfitsio.lib
tlib cfitsio +buffers +cfileio +checksum +drvrfile +drvrmem 
tlib cfitsio +editcol +edithdu +eval_l +eval_y +eval_f +fitscore
tlib cfitsio +getcol +getcolb +getcolsb +getcoli +getcolj +getcolk +getcoluk 
tlib cfitsio +getcolui +getcoluj +getcole +getcold +getcoll +getcols
tlib cfitsio +getkey +group +grparser +histo +iraffits +modkey +putkey 
tlib cfitsio +putcol  +putcolb +putcoli +putcolj +putcolk +putcole +putcold
tlib cfitsio +putcoll +putcols +putcolu +putcolui +putcoluj +putcoluk
tlib cfitsio +region +scalnull +swapproc +wcsutil +wcssub +putcolsb
tlib cfitsio +imcompress +quantize +ricecomp +pliocomp
tlib cfitsio +fits_hcompress +fits_hdecompress
tlib cfitsio +zuncompress +zcompress +adler32 +crc32 +inffast
tlib cfitsio +inftrees +trees +zutil +deflate +infback +inflate +uncompr
bcc32 -f testprog.c cfitsio.lib
bcc32 -f cookbook.c cfitsio.lib

cfitsio-4.3.1/checksum.c0000644000225700000360000004230113472024437014421 0ustar  cagordonlhea/*  This file, checksum.c, contains the checksum-related routines in the   */
/*  FITSIO library.                                                        */

/*  The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy    */
/*  Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA      */
/*  Goddard Space Flight Center.                                           */

#include 
#include 
#include "fitsio2.h"
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffcsum(fitsfile *fptr,      /* I - FITS file pointer                  */
           long nrec,           /* I - number of 2880-byte blocks to sum  */
           unsigned long *sum,  /* IO - accumulated checksum              */
           int *status)         /* IO - error status                      */
/*
    Calculate a 32-bit 1's complement checksum of the FITS 2880-byte blocks.
    This routine is based on the C algorithm developed by Rob
    Seaman at NOAO that was presented at the 1994 ADASS conference,  
    published in the Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series.
    This uses a 32-bit 1's complement checksum in which the overflow bits
    are permuted back into the sum and therefore all bit positions are
    sampled evenly. 
*/
{
    long ii, jj;
    unsigned short sbuf[1440];
    unsigned long hi, lo, hicarry, locarry;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);
  /*
    Sum the specified number of FITS 2880-byte records.  This assumes that
    the FITSIO file pointer points to the start of the records to be summed.
    Read each FITS block as 1440 short values (do byte swapping if needed).
  */
    for (jj = 0; jj < nrec; jj++)
    {
      ffgbyt(fptr, 2880, sbuf, status);

#if BYTESWAPPED

      ffswap2( (short *)sbuf, 1440); /* reverse order of bytes in each value */

#endif

      hi = (*sum >> 16);
      lo = *sum & 0xFFFF;

      for (ii = 0; ii < 1440; ii += 2)
      {
        hi += sbuf[ii];
        lo += sbuf[ii+1];
      }

      hicarry = hi >> 16;    /* fold carry bits in */
      locarry = lo >> 16;

      while (hicarry | locarry)
      {
        hi = (hi & 0xFFFF) + locarry;
        lo = (lo & 0xFFFF) + hicarry;
        hicarry = hi >> 16;
        locarry = lo >> 16;
      }

      *sum = (hi << 16) + lo;
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void ffesum(unsigned long sum,  /* I - accumulated checksum                */
           int complm,          /* I - = 1 to encode complement of the sum */
           char *ascii)         /* O - 16-char ASCII encoded checksum      */
/*
    encode the 32 bit checksum by converting every 
    2 bits of each byte into an ASCII character (32 bit word encoded 
    as 16 character string).   Only ASCII letters and digits are used
    to encode the values (no ASCII punctuation characters).

    If complm=TRUE, then the complement of the sum will be encoded.

    This routine is based on the C algorithm developed by Rob
    Seaman at NOAO that was presented at the 1994 ADASS conference,
    published in the Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series.
*/
{
    unsigned int exclude[13] = { 0x3a, 0x3b, 0x3c, 0x3d, 0x3e, 0x3f, 0x40,
                                       0x5b, 0x5c, 0x5d, 0x5e, 0x5f, 0x60 };
    unsigned long mask[4] = { 0xff000000, 0xff0000, 0xff00, 0xff  };

    int offset = 0x30;     /* ASCII 0 (zero) */

    unsigned long value;
    int byte, quotient, remainder, ch[4], check, ii, jj, kk;
    char asc[32];

    if (complm)
        value = 0xFFFFFFFF - sum;   /* complement each bit of the value */
    else
        value = sum;

    for (ii = 0; ii < 4; ii++)
    {
        byte = (value & mask[ii]) >> (24 - (8 * ii));
        quotient = byte / 4 + offset;
        remainder = byte % 4;
        for (jj = 0; jj < 4; jj++)
            ch[jj] = quotient;

        ch[0] += remainder;

        for (check = 1; check;)   /* avoid ASCII  punctuation */
            for (check = 0, kk = 0; kk < 13; kk++)
                for (jj = 0; jj < 4; jj += 2)
                    if ((unsigned char) ch[jj] == exclude[kk] ||
                        (unsigned char) ch[jj+1] == exclude[kk])
                    {
                        ch[jj]++;
                        ch[jj+1]--;
                        check++;
                    }

        for (jj = 0; jj < 4; jj++)        /* assign the bytes */
            asc[4*jj+ii] = ch[jj];
    }

    for (ii = 0; ii < 16; ii++)       /* shift the bytes 1 to the right */
        ascii[ii] = asc[(ii+15)%16];

    ascii[16] = '\0';
}
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
unsigned long ffdsum(char *ascii,  /* I - 16-char ASCII encoded checksum   */
                     int complm,   /* I - =1 to decode complement of the   */
                     unsigned long *sum)  /* O - 32-bit checksum           */
/*
    decode the 16-char ASCII encoded checksum into an unsigned 32-bit long.
    If complm=TRUE, then the complement of the sum will be decoded.

    This routine is based on the C algorithm developed by Rob
    Seaman at NOAO that was presented at the 1994 ADASS conference,
    published in the Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series.
*/
{
    char cbuf[16];
    unsigned long hi = 0, lo = 0, hicarry, locarry;
    int ii;

    /* remove the permuted FITS byte alignment and the ASCII 0 offset */
    for (ii = 0; ii < 16; ii++)
    {
        cbuf[ii] = ascii[(ii+1)%16];
        cbuf[ii] -= 0x30;
    }

    for (ii = 0; ii < 16; ii += 4)
    {
        hi += (cbuf[ii]   << 8) + cbuf[ii+1];
        lo += (cbuf[ii+2] << 8) + cbuf[ii+3];
    }

    hicarry = hi >> 16;
    locarry = lo >> 16;
    while (hicarry || locarry)
    {
        hi = (hi & 0xFFFF) + locarry;
        lo = (lo & 0xFFFF) + hicarry;
        hicarry = hi >> 16;
        locarry = lo >> 16;
    }

    *sum = (hi << 16) + lo;
    if (complm)
        *sum = 0xFFFFFFFF - *sum;   /* complement each bit of the value */

    return(*sum);
}
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpcks(fitsfile *fptr,      /* I - FITS file pointer                  */
           int *status)         /* IO - error status                      */
/*
   Create or update the checksum keywords in the CHDU.  These keywords
   provide a checksum verification of the FITS HDU based on the ASCII
   coded 1's complement checksum algorithm developed by Rob Seaman at NOAO.
*/
{
    char datestr[20], checksum[FLEN_VALUE], datasum[FLEN_VALUE];
    char  comm[FLEN_COMMENT], chkcomm[FLEN_COMMENT], datacomm[FLEN_COMMENT];
    int tstatus;
    long nrec;
    LONGLONG headstart, datastart, dataend;
    unsigned long dsum, olddsum, sum;
    double tdouble;

    if (*status > 0)           /* inherit input status value if > 0 */
        return(*status);

    /* generate current date string and construct the keyword comments */
    ffgstm(datestr, NULL, status);
    strcpy(chkcomm, "HDU checksum updated ");
    strcat(chkcomm, datestr);
    strcpy(datacomm, "data unit checksum updated ");
    strcat(datacomm, datestr);

    /* write the CHECKSUM keyword if it does not exist */
    tstatus = *status;
    if (ffgkys(fptr, "CHECKSUM", checksum, comm, status) == KEY_NO_EXIST)
    {
        *status = tstatus;
        strcpy(checksum, "0000000000000000");
        ffpkys(fptr, "CHECKSUM", checksum, chkcomm, status);
    }

    /* write the DATASUM keyword if it does not exist */
    tstatus = *status;
    if (ffgkys(fptr, "DATASUM", datasum, comm, status) == KEY_NO_EXIST)
    {
        *status = tstatus;
        olddsum = 0;
        ffpkys(fptr, "DATASUM", "         0", datacomm, status);

        /* set the CHECKSUM keyword as undefined, if it isn't already */
        if (strcmp(checksum, "0000000000000000") )
        {
            strcpy(checksum, "0000000000000000");
            ffmkys(fptr, "CHECKSUM", checksum, chkcomm, status);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        /* decode the datasum into an unsigned long variable */

        /* olddsum = strtoul(datasum, 0, 10); doesn't work on SUN OS */

        tdouble = atof(datasum);
        olddsum = (unsigned long) tdouble;
    }

    /* close header: rewrite END keyword and following blank fill */
    /* and re-read the required keywords to determine the structure */
    if (ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if ((fptr->Fptr)->heapsize > 0)
         ffuptf(fptr, status);  /* update the variable length TFORM values */

    /* write the correct data fill values, if they are not already correct */
    if (ffpdfl(fptr, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    /* calc size of data unit, in FITS 2880-byte blocks */
    if (ffghadll(fptr, &headstart, &datastart, &dataend, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    nrec = (long) ((dataend - datastart) / 2880);
    dsum = 0;

    if (nrec > 0)
    {
        /* accumulate the 32-bit 1's complement checksum */
        ffmbyt(fptr, datastart, REPORT_EOF, status);
        if (ffcsum(fptr, nrec, &dsum, status) > 0)
            return(*status);
    }

    if (dsum != olddsum)
    {
        /* update the DATASUM keyword with the correct value */ 
        snprintf(datasum, FLEN_VALUE, "%lu", dsum);
        ffmkys(fptr, "DATASUM", datasum, datacomm, status);

        /* set the CHECKSUM keyword as undefined, if it isn't already */
        if (strcmp(checksum, "0000000000000000") )
        {
            strcpy(checksum, "0000000000000000");
            ffmkys(fptr, "CHECKSUM", checksum, chkcomm, status);
        }
    }        

    if (strcmp(checksum, "0000000000000000") )
    {
        /* check if CHECKSUM is still OK; move to the start of the header */
        ffmbyt(fptr, headstart, REPORT_EOF, status);

        /* accumulate the header checksum into the previous data checksum */
        nrec = (long) ((datastart - headstart) / 2880);
        sum = dsum;
        if (ffcsum(fptr, nrec, &sum, status) > 0)
            return(*status);

        if (sum == 0 || sum == 0xFFFFFFFF)
           return(*status);            /* CHECKSUM is correct */

        /* Zero the CHECKSUM and recompute the new value */
        ffmkys(fptr, "CHECKSUM", "0000000000000000", chkcomm, status);
    }

    /* move to the start of the header */
    ffmbyt(fptr, headstart, REPORT_EOF, status);

    /* accumulate the header checksum into the previous data checksum */
    nrec = (long) ((datastart - headstart) / 2880);
    sum = dsum;
    if (ffcsum(fptr, nrec, &sum, status) > 0)
           return(*status);

    /* encode the COMPLEMENT of the checksum into a 16-character string */
    ffesum(sum, TRUE, checksum);

    /* update the CHECKSUM keyword value with the new string */
    ffmkys(fptr, "CHECKSUM", checksum, "&", status);

    return(*status);
}
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffupck(fitsfile *fptr,      /* I - FITS file pointer                  */
           int *status)         /* IO - error status                      */
/*
   Update the CHECKSUM keyword value.  This assumes that the DATASUM
   keyword exists and has the correct value.
*/
{
    char datestr[20], chkcomm[FLEN_COMMENT], comm[FLEN_COMMENT];
    char checksum[FLEN_VALUE], datasum[FLEN_VALUE];
    int tstatus;
    long nrec;
    LONGLONG headstart, datastart, dataend;
    unsigned long sum, dsum;
    double tdouble;

    if (*status > 0)           /* inherit input status value if > 0 */
        return(*status);

    /* generate current date string and construct the keyword comments */
    ffgstm(datestr, NULL, status);
    strcpy(chkcomm, "HDU checksum updated ");
    strcat(chkcomm, datestr);

    /* get the DATASUM keyword and convert it to a unsigned long */
    if (ffgkys(fptr, "DATASUM", datasum, comm, status) == KEY_NO_EXIST)
    {
        ffpmsg("DATASUM keyword not found (ffupck");
        return(*status);
    }

    tdouble = atof(datasum); /* read as a double as a workaround */
    dsum = (unsigned long) tdouble;

    /* get size of the HDU */
    if (ffghadll(fptr, &headstart, &datastart, &dataend, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    /* get the checksum keyword, if it exists */
    tstatus = *status;
    if (ffgkys(fptr, "CHECKSUM", checksum, comm, status) == KEY_NO_EXIST)
    {
        *status = tstatus;
        strcpy(checksum, "0000000000000000");
        ffpkys(fptr, "CHECKSUM", checksum, chkcomm, status);
    }
    else
    {
        /* check if CHECKSUM is still OK */
        /* rewrite END keyword and following blank fill */
        if (ffwend(fptr, status) > 0)
            return(*status);

        /* move to the start of the header */
        ffmbyt(fptr, headstart, REPORT_EOF, status);

        /* accumulate the header checksum into the previous data checksum */
        nrec = (long) ((datastart - headstart) / 2880);
        sum = dsum;
        if (ffcsum(fptr, nrec, &sum, status) > 0)
           return(*status);

        if (sum == 0 || sum == 0xFFFFFFFF)
           return(*status);    /* CHECKSUM is already correct */

        /* Zero the CHECKSUM and recompute the new value */
        ffmkys(fptr, "CHECKSUM", "0000000000000000", chkcomm, status);
    }

    /* move to the start of the header */
    ffmbyt(fptr, headstart, REPORT_EOF, status);

    /* accumulate the header checksum into the previous data checksum */
    nrec = (long) ((datastart - headstart) / 2880);
    sum = dsum;
    if (ffcsum(fptr, nrec, &sum, status) > 0)
           return(*status);

    /* encode the COMPLEMENT of the checksum into a 16-character string */
    ffesum(sum, TRUE, checksum);

    /* update the CHECKSUM keyword value with the new string */
    ffmkys(fptr, "CHECKSUM", checksum, "&", status);

    return(*status);
}
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffvcks(fitsfile *fptr,      /* I - FITS file pointer                  */
           int *datastatus,     /* O - data checksum status               */
           int *hdustatus,      /* O - hdu checksum status                */
                                /*     1  verification is correct         */
                                /*     0  checksum keyword is not present */
                                /*    -1 verification not correct         */
           int *status)         /* IO - error status                      */
/*
    Verify the HDU by comparing the value of the computed checksums against
    the values of the DATASUM and CHECKSUM keywords if they are present.
*/
{
    int tstatus;
    double tdouble;
    unsigned long datasum, hdusum, olddatasum;
    char chksum[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT];

    if (*status > 0)           /* inherit input status value if > 0 */
        return(*status);

    *datastatus = -1;
    *hdustatus  = -1;

    tstatus = *status;
    if (ffgkys(fptr, "CHECKSUM", chksum, comm, status) == KEY_NO_EXIST)
    {
        *hdustatus = 0;             /* CHECKSUM keyword does not exist */
        *status = tstatus;
    }
    if (chksum[0] == '\0')
        *hdustatus = 0;    /* all blank checksum means it is undefined */

    if (ffgkys(fptr, "DATASUM", chksum, comm, status) == KEY_NO_EXIST)
    {
        *datastatus = 0;            /* DATASUM keyword does not exist */
        *status = tstatus;
    }
    if (chksum[0] == '\0')
        *datastatus = 0;    /* all blank checksum means it is undefined */

    if ( *status > 0 || (!(*hdustatus) && !(*datastatus)) )
        return(*status);            /* return if neither keywords exist */

    /* convert string to unsigned long */

    /* olddatasum = strtoul(chksum, 0, 10);  doesn't work w/ gcc on SUN OS */
    /* sscanf(chksum, "%u", &olddatasum);   doesn't work w/ cc on VAX/VMS */

    tdouble = atof(chksum); /* read as a double as a workaround */
    olddatasum = (unsigned long) tdouble;

    /*  calculate the data checksum and the HDU checksum */
    if (ffgcks(fptr, &datasum, &hdusum, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (*datastatus)
        if (datasum == olddatasum)
            *datastatus = 1;

    if (*hdustatus)
        if (hdusum == 0 || hdusum == 0xFFFFFFFF)
            *hdustatus = 1;

    return(*status);
}
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcks(fitsfile *fptr,           /* I - FITS file pointer             */
           unsigned long *datasum,   /* O - data checksum                 */
           unsigned long *hdusum,    /* O - hdu checksum                  */
           int *status)              /* IO - error status                 */

    /* calculate the checksums of the data unit and the total HDU */
{
    long nrec;
    LONGLONG headstart, datastart, dataend;

    if (*status > 0)           /* inherit input status value if > 0 */
        return(*status);

    /* get size of the HDU */
    if (ffghadll(fptr, &headstart, &datastart, &dataend, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    nrec = (long) ((dataend - datastart) / 2880);

    *datasum = 0;

    if (nrec > 0)
    {
        /* accumulate the 32-bit 1's complement checksum */
        ffmbyt(fptr, datastart, REPORT_EOF, status);
        if (ffcsum(fptr, nrec, datasum, status) > 0)
            return(*status);
    }

    /* move to the start of the header and calc. size of header */
    ffmbyt(fptr, headstart, REPORT_EOF, status);
    nrec = (long) ((datastart - headstart) / 2880);

    /* accumulate the header checksum into the previous data checksum */
    *hdusum = *datasum;
    ffcsum(fptr, nrec, hdusum, status);

    return(*status);
}

cfitsio-4.3.1/simplerng.c0000644000225700000360000003314513472024437014625 0ustar  cagordonlhea/* 
   Simple Random Number Generators
       - getuniform - uniform deviate [0,1]
       - getnorm    - gaussian (normal) deviate (mean=0, stddev=1)
       - getpoisson - poisson deviate for given expected mean lambda

   This code is adapted from SimpleRNG by John D Cook, which is
   provided in the public domain.

   The original C++ code is found here:
   http://www.johndcook.com/cpp_random_number_generation.html

   This code has been modified in the following ways compared to the
   original.
     1. convert to C from C++
     2. keep only uniform, gaussian and poisson deviates
     3. state variables are module static instead of class variables
     4. provide an srand() equivalent to initialize the state
*/
#include 
#include 

#define PI 3.1415926535897932384626433832795

/* Use the standard system rand() library routine if it provides
   enough bits of information, since it probably has better randomness
   than the toy algorithm in this module. */
#if defined(RAND_MAX) && RAND_MAX > 1000000000
#define USE_SYSTEM_RAND
#endif

int simplerng_poisson_small(double lambda);
int simplerng_poisson_large(double lambda);
double simplerng_getuniform_pr(unsigned int *u, unsigned int *v);
unsigned int simplerng_getuint_pr(unsigned int *u, unsigned int *v);
double simplerng_logfactorial(int n);

/*
  These values are not magical, just the default values Marsaglia used.
  Any unit should work.
*/
static unsigned int m_u = 521288629, m_v = 362436069;

/* Set u and v state variables */
void simplerng_setstate(unsigned int u, unsigned int v)
{
    m_u = u;
    m_v = v;
}

/* Retrieve u and v state variables */
void simplerng_getstate(unsigned int *u, unsigned int *v)
{
    *u = m_u;
    *v = m_v;
}

/* srand() equivalent to seed the two state variables */
void simplerng_srand(unsigned int seed)
{
#ifdef USE_SYSTEM_RAND
  srand(seed);
#else
  simplerng_setstate(seed ^ 521288629, seed ^ 362436069);
#endif
}

/* Private routine to get uniform deviate */
double simplerng_getuniform_pr(unsigned int *u, unsigned int *v)
{
  /* 0 <= u <= 2^32 */
  unsigned int z = simplerng_getuint_pr(u, v);
  /* The magic number is 1/(2^32) and so result is positive and less than 1. */
  return z*2.328306435996595e-10;
}

/* Private routine to get unsigned integer */
/* Marsaglia multiply-with-carry algorithm (MWC) */
unsigned int simplerng_getuint_pr(unsigned int *u, unsigned int *v)
{
  *v = 36969*((*v) & 65535) + ((*v) >> 16);
  *u = 18000*((*u) & 65535) + ((*u) >> 16);
  return ((*v) << 16) + (*u);
}

/* Get uniform deviate [0,1] */
double simplerng_getuniform(void)
{
#ifdef USE_SYSTEM_RAND
  return rand()*(1.0 / ((double)RAND_MAX + 1));
#else
  return simplerng_getuniform_pr(&m_u, &m_v);
#endif
}

/* Get unsigned integer [0, UINT_MAX] */
unsigned int simplerng_getuint()
{
  /* WARNING: no option for calling rand() here.  Will need to provide
     a scalar to make the uint in the [0,UINT_MAX] range */
  return simplerng_getuint_pr(&m_u, &m_v);
}
    
/* Get normal (Gaussian) random sample with mean=0, stddev=1 */
double simplerng_getnorm()
{
  double u1, u2, r, theta;
  static int saved = 0;
  static double y;

  /* Since you get two deviates for "free" with each calculation, save
     one of them for later */

  if (saved == 0) {
    /* Use Box-Muller algorithm */
    u1 = simplerng_getuniform();
    u2 = simplerng_getuniform();
    r = sqrt( -2.0*log(u1) );
    theta = 2.0*PI*u2;
    /* save second value for next call */
    y = r*cos(theta);
    saved = 1;
    return r*sin(theta);

  } else {
    /* We already saved a value from the last call so use it */
    saved = 0;
    return y;
  }
}

/* Poisson deviate for expected mean value lambda.
   lambda should be in the range [0, infinity]
   
   For small lambda, a simple rejection method is used
   For large lambda, an approximation is used
*/
int simplerng_getpoisson(double lambda)
{
  if (lambda < 0) lambda = 0;
  return ((lambda < 15.0) 
	  ? simplerng_poisson_small(lambda) 
	  : simplerng_poisson_large(lambda));
}

int simplerng_poisson_small(double lambda)
{
  /* Algorithm due to Donald Knuth, 1969. */
  double p = 1.0, L = exp(-lambda);
  int k = 0;
  do {
    k++;
    p *= simplerng_getuniform();
  }
  while (p > L);
  return k - 1;
}

int simplerng_poisson_large(double lambda)
{
  /* "Rejection method PA" from "The Computer Generation of Poisson Random Variables" by A. C. Atkinson
     Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C (Applied Statistics) Vol. 28, No. 1. (1979)
     The article is on pages 29-35. The algorithm given here is on page 32. */
  static double beta, alpha, k;
  static double old_lambda = -999999.;

  if (lambda != old_lambda) {
    double c = 0.767 - 3.36/lambda;
    beta = PI/sqrt(3.0*lambda);
    alpha = beta*lambda;
    k = log(c) - lambda - log(beta);
    old_lambda = lambda;
  }

  for(;;) { /* forever */
    double u, x, v, y, temp, lhs, rhs;
    int n;

    u = simplerng_getuniform();
    x = (alpha - log((1.0 - u)/u))/beta;
    n = (int) floor(x + 0.5);
    if (n < 0) continue;

    v = simplerng_getuniform();
    y = alpha - beta*x;
    temp = 1.0 + exp(y);
    lhs = y + log(v/(temp*temp));
    rhs = k + n*log(lambda) - simplerng_logfactorial(n);
    if (lhs <= rhs) return n;
  }

}

/* Lookup table for log-gamma function */
static double lf[] = {
            0.000000000000000,
            0.000000000000000,
            0.693147180559945,
            1.791759469228055,
            3.178053830347946,
            4.787491742782046,
            6.579251212010101,
            8.525161361065415,
            10.604602902745251,
            12.801827480081469,
            15.104412573075516,
            17.502307845873887,
            19.987214495661885,
            22.552163853123421,
            25.191221182738683,
            27.899271383840894,
            30.671860106080675,
            33.505073450136891,
            36.395445208033053,
            39.339884187199495,
            42.335616460753485,
            45.380138898476908,
            48.471181351835227,
            51.606675567764377,
            54.784729398112319,
            58.003605222980518,
            61.261701761002001,
            64.557538627006323,
            67.889743137181526,
            71.257038967168000,
            74.658236348830158,
            78.092223553315307,
            81.557959456115029,
            85.054467017581516,
            88.580827542197682,
            92.136175603687079,
            95.719694542143202,
            99.330612454787428,
            102.968198614513810,
            106.631760260643450,
            110.320639714757390,
            114.034211781461690,
            117.771881399745060,
            121.533081515438640,
            125.317271149356880,
            129.123933639127240,
            132.952575035616290,
            136.802722637326350,
            140.673923648234250,
            144.565743946344900,
            148.477766951773020,
            152.409592584497350,
            156.360836303078800,
            160.331128216630930,
            164.320112263195170,
            168.327445448427650,
            172.352797139162820,
            176.395848406997370,
            180.456291417543780,
            184.533828861449510,
            188.628173423671600,
            192.739047287844900,
            196.866181672889980,
            201.009316399281570,
            205.168199482641200,
            209.342586752536820,
            213.532241494563270,
            217.736934113954250,
            221.956441819130360,
            226.190548323727570,
            230.439043565776930,
            234.701723442818260,
            238.978389561834350,
            243.268849002982730,
            247.572914096186910,
            251.890402209723190,
            256.221135550009480,
            260.564940971863220,
            264.921649798552780,
            269.291097651019810,
            273.673124285693690,
            278.067573440366120,
            282.474292687630400,
            286.893133295426990,
            291.323950094270290,
            295.766601350760600,
            300.220948647014100,
            304.686856765668720,
            309.164193580146900,
            313.652829949878990,
            318.152639620209300,
            322.663499126726210,
            327.185287703775200,
            331.717887196928470,
            336.261181979198450,
            340.815058870798960,
            345.379407062266860,
            349.954118040770250,
            354.539085519440790,
            359.134205369575340,
            363.739375555563470,
            368.354496072404690,
            372.979468885689020,
            377.614197873918670,
            382.258588773060010,
            386.912549123217560,
            391.575988217329610,
            396.248817051791490,
            400.930948278915760,
            405.622296161144900,
            410.322776526937280,
            415.032306728249580,
            419.750805599544780,
            424.478193418257090,
            429.214391866651570,
            433.959323995014870,
            438.712914186121170,
            443.475088120918940,
            448.245772745384610,
            453.024896238496130,
            457.812387981278110,
            462.608178526874890,
            467.412199571608080,
            472.224383926980520,
            477.044665492585580,
            481.872979229887900,
            486.709261136839360,
            491.553448223298010,
            496.405478487217580,
            501.265290891579240,
            506.132825342034830,
            511.008022665236070,
            515.890824587822520,
            520.781173716044240,
            525.679013515995050,
            530.584288294433580,
            535.496943180169520,
            540.416924105997740,
            545.344177791154950,
            550.278651724285620,
            555.220294146894960,
            560.169054037273100,
            565.124881094874350,
            570.087725725134190,
            575.057539024710200,
            580.034272767130800,
            585.017879388839220,
            590.008311975617860,
            595.005524249382010,
            600.009470555327430,
            605.020105849423770,
            610.037385686238740,
            615.061266207084940,
            620.091704128477430,
            625.128656730891070,
            630.172081847810200,
            635.221937855059760,
            640.278183660408100,
            645.340778693435030,
            650.409682895655240,
            655.484856710889060,
            660.566261075873510,
            665.653857411105950,
            670.747607611912710,
            675.847474039736880,
            680.953419513637530,
            686.065407301994010,
            691.183401114410800,
            696.307365093814040,
            701.437263808737160,
            706.573062245787470,
            711.714725802289990,
            716.862220279103440,
            722.015511873601330,
            727.174567172815840,
            732.339353146739310,
            737.509837141777440,
            742.685986874351220,
            747.867770424643370,
            753.055156230484160,
            758.248113081374300,
            763.446610112640200,
            768.650616799717000,
            773.860102952558460,
            779.075038710167410,
            784.295394535245690,
            789.521141208958970,
            794.752249825813460,
            799.988691788643450,
            805.230438803703120,
            810.477462875863580,
            815.729736303910160,
            820.987231675937890,
            826.249921864842800,
            831.517780023906310,
            836.790779582469900,
            842.068894241700490,
            847.352097970438420,
            852.640365001133090,
            857.933669825857460,
            863.231987192405430,
            868.535292100464630,
            873.843559797865740,
            879.156765776907600,
            884.474885770751830,
            889.797895749890240,
            895.125771918679900,
            900.458490711945270,
            905.796028791646340,
            911.138363043611210,
            916.485470574328820,
            921.837328707804890,
            927.193914982476710,
            932.555207148186240,
            937.921183163208070,
            943.291821191335660,
            948.667099599019820,
            954.046996952560450,
            959.431492015349480,
            964.820563745165940,
            970.214191291518320,
            975.612353993036210,
            981.015031374908400,
            986.422203146368590,
            991.833849198223450,
            997.249949600427840,
            1002.670484599700300,
            1008.095434617181700,
            1013.524780246136200,
            1018.958502249690200,
            1024.396581558613400,
            1029.838999269135500,
            1035.285736640801600,
            1040.736775094367400,
            1046.192096209724900,
            1051.651681723869200,
            1057.115513528895000,
            1062.583573670030100,
            1068.055844343701400,
            1073.532307895632800,
            1079.012946818975000,
            1084.497743752465600,
            1089.986681478622400,
            1095.479742921962700,
            1100.976911147256000,
            1106.478169357800900,
            1111.983500893733000,
            1117.492889230361000,
            1123.006317976526100,
            1128.523770872990800,
            1134.045231790853000,
            1139.570684729984800,
            1145.100113817496100,
            1150.633503306223700,
            1156.170837573242400,
};

double simplerng_logfactorial(int n)
{
  if (n < 0) return 0;
  if (n > 254) {
    double x = n + 1;
    return (x - 0.5)*log(x) - x + 0.5*log(2*PI) + 1.0/(12.0*x);
  }
  return lf[n];
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/putcols.c0000644000225700000360000002530013472024437014310 0ustar  cagordonlhea/*  This file, putcols.c, contains routines that write data elements to    */
/*  a FITS image or table, of type character string.                       */

/*  The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy    */
/*  Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA      */
/*  Goddard Space Flight Center.                                           */

#include 
#include 
#include "fitsio2.h"
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpcls( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            int  colnum,     /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */
            LONGLONG  firstrow,  /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row)        */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */
            LONGLONG  nelem,     /* I - number of strings to write              */
            char  **array,   /* I - array of pointers to strings            */
            int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write an array of string values to a column in the current FITS HDU.
*/
{
    int tcode, maxelem, hdutype, nchar;
    long twidth, incre;
    long ii, jj, ntodo;
    LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, wrtptr, rowlen, rownum, remain, next, tnull;
    double scale, zero;
    char tform[20], *blanks;
    char message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    char snull[20];   /*  the FITS null value  */
    tcolumn *colptr;

    double cbuff[DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double)]; /* align cbuff on word boundary */
    char *buffer, *arrayptr;

    if (*status > 0)           /* inherit input status value if > 0 */
        return(*status);

    /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */
    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
    else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
    {
        if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0)               /* rescan header */
            return(*status);
    }

    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Check input and get parameters about the column: */
    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    if (colnum < 1 || colnum > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield)
    {
        snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Specified column number is out of range: %d",
                colnum);
        ffpmsg(message);
        return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM);
    }

    colptr  = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr;   /* point to first column */
    colptr += (colnum - 1);     /* offset to correct column structure */
    tcode = colptr->tdatatype;

    if (tcode == -TSTRING) /* variable length column in a binary table? */
    {
      /* only write a single string; ignore value of firstelem */
      nchar = maxvalue(1,strlen(array[0])); /* will write at least 1 char */
                                          /* even if input string is null */

      if (ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, 1, nchar, 1, &scale, &zero,
        tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem, &startpos,  &elemnum, &incre,
        &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0)
        return(*status);
	
      /* simply move to write position, then write the string */
      ffmbyt(fptr, startpos, IGNORE_EOF, status); 
      ffpbyt(fptr, nchar, array[0], status);

      if (*status > 0)  /* test for error during previous write operation */
      {
         snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,
          "Error writing to variable length string column (ffpcls).");
         ffpmsg(message);
      }

      return(*status);
    }
    else if (tcode == TSTRING)
    {
      if (ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, &scale, &zero,
        tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem, &startpos,  &elemnum, &incre,
        &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

      /* if string length is greater than a FITS block (2880 char) then must */
      /* only write 1 string at a time, to force writein by ffpbyt instead of */
      /* ffpbytoff (ffpbytoff can't handle this case) */
      if (twidth > IOBUFLEN) {
        maxelem = 1;
        incre = twidth;
        repeat = 1;
      }   

      blanks = (char *) malloc(twidth); /* string for blank fill values */
      if (!blanks)
      {
        ffpmsg("Could not allocate memory for string (ffpcls)");
        return(*status = ARRAY_TOO_BIG);
      }

      for (ii = 0; ii < twidth; ii++)
          blanks[ii] = ' ';          /* fill string with blanks */

      remain = nelem;           /* remaining number of values to write  */
    }
    else 
      return(*status = NOT_ASCII_COL);
 
    /*-------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Now write the strings to the FITS column.            */
    /*-------------------------------------------------------*/

    next = 0;                 /* next element in array to be written  */
    rownum = 0;               /* row number, relative to firstrow     */

    while (remain)
    {
      /* limit the number of pixels to process at one time to the number that
         will fit in the buffer space or to the number of pixels that remain
         in the current vector, which ever is smaller.
      */
      ntodo = (long) minvalue(remain, maxelem);      
      ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, (repeat - elemnum));

      wrtptr = startpos + (rownum * rowlen) + (elemnum * incre);
      ffmbyt(fptr, wrtptr, IGNORE_EOF, status);  /* move to write position */

      buffer = (char *) cbuff;

      /* copy the user's strings into the buffer */
      for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
      {
         arrayptr = array[next];

         for (jj = 0; jj < twidth; jj++)  /*  copy the string, char by char */
         {
            if (*arrayptr)
            {
              *buffer = *arrayptr;
              buffer++;
              arrayptr++;
            }
            else
              break;
         }

         for (;jj < twidth; jj++)    /* fill field with blanks, if needed */
         {
           *buffer = ' ';
           buffer++;
         }

         next++;
      }

      /* write the buffer full of strings to the FITS file */
      if (incre == twidth)
         ffpbyt(fptr, ntodo * twidth, cbuff, status);
      else
         ffpbytoff(fptr, twidth, ntodo, incre - twidth, cbuff, status);

      if (*status > 0)  /* test for error during previous write operation */
      {
         snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,
          "Error writing elements %.0f thru %.0f of input data array (ffpcls).",
             (double) (next+1), (double) (next+ntodo));
         ffpmsg(message);

         if (blanks)
           free(blanks);

         return(*status);
      }

      /*--------------------------------------------*/
      /*  increment the counters for the next loop  */
      /*--------------------------------------------*/
      remain -= ntodo;
      if (remain)
      {
          elemnum += ntodo;
          if (elemnum == repeat)  /* completed a row; start on next row */
          {
              elemnum = 0;
              rownum++;
          }
       }
    }  /*  End of main while Loop  */

    if (blanks)
      free(blanks);

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpcns( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            int  colnum,     /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */
            LONGLONG  firstrow,  /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row)        */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */
            LONGLONG  nelem,     /* I - number of values to write               */
            char  **array,   /* I - array of values to write                */
            char  *nulvalue, /* I - string representing a null value        */
            int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write an array of elements to the specified column of a table.  Any input
  pixels flagged as null will be replaced by the appropriate
  null value in the output FITS file. 
*/
{
    long repeat, width;
    LONGLONG ngood = 0, nbad = 0, ii;
    LONGLONG first, fstelm, fstrow;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */
    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
    else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
    {
        if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0)               /* rescan header */
            return(*status);
    }

    /* get the vector repeat length of the column */
    ffgtcl(fptr, colnum, NULL, &repeat, &width, status);

    if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == BINARY_TBL)
        repeat = repeat / width;    /* convert from chars to unit strings */

    /* absolute element number in the column */
    first = (firstrow - 1) * repeat + firstelem;

    for (ii = 0; ii < nelem; ii++)
    {
      if (strcmp(nulvalue, array[ii]))  /* is this a good pixel? */
      {
         if (nbad)  /* write previous string of bad pixels */
         {
            fstelm = ii - nbad + first;  /* absolute element number */
            fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
            fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

            if (ffpclu(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, nbad, status) > 0)
                return(*status);
            nbad=0;
         }

         ngood = ngood +1;  /* the consecutive number of good pixels */
      }
      else
      {
         if (ngood)  /* write previous string of good pixels */
         {
            fstelm = ii - ngood + first;  /* absolute element number */
            fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
            fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

            if (ffpcls(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, ngood, &array[ii-ngood],
                status) > 0)
                return(*status);

            ngood=0;
         }

         nbad = nbad +1;  /* the consecutive number of bad pixels */
      }
    }

    /* finished loop;  now just write the last set of pixels */

    if (ngood)  /* write last string of good pixels */
    {
      fstelm = ii - ngood + first;  /* absolute element number */
      fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
      fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

      ffpcls(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, ngood, &array[ii-ngood], status);
    }
    else if (nbad) /* write last string of bad pixels */
    {
      fstelm = ii - nbad + first;  /* absolute element number */
      fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
      fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

      ffpclu(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, nbad, status);
    }

    return(*status);
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/install-sh0000755000225700000360000003471713472024437014473 0ustar  cagordonlhea#!/bin/sh
# install - install a program, script, or datafile

scriptversion=2017-09-23.17; # UTC

# This originates from X11R5 (mit/util/scripts/install.sh), which was
# later released in X11R6 (xc/config/util/install.sh) with the
# following copyright and license.
#
# Copyright (C) 1994 X Consortium
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# X CONSORTIUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
# AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNEC-
# TION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
#
# Except as contained in this notice, the name of the X Consortium shall not
# be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other deal-
# ings in this Software without prior written authorization from the X Consor-
# tium.
#
#
# FSF changes to this file are in the public domain.
#
# Calling this script install-sh is preferred over install.sh, to prevent
# 'make' implicit rules from creating a file called install from it
# when there is no Makefile.
#
# This script is compatible with the BSD install script, but was written
# from scratch.

tab='	'
nl='
'
IFS=" $tab$nl"

# Set DOITPROG to "echo" to test this script.

doit=${DOITPROG-}
doit_exec=${doit:-exec}

# Put in absolute file names if you don't have them in your path;
# or use environment vars.

chgrpprog=${CHGRPPROG-chgrp}
chmodprog=${CHMODPROG-chmod}
chownprog=${CHOWNPROG-chown}
cmpprog=${CMPPROG-cmp}
cpprog=${CPPROG-cp}
mkdirprog=${MKDIRPROG-mkdir}
mvprog=${MVPROG-mv}
rmprog=${RMPROG-rm}
stripprog=${STRIPPROG-strip}

posix_mkdir=

# Desired mode of installed file.
mode=0755

chgrpcmd=
chmodcmd=$chmodprog
chowncmd=
mvcmd=$mvprog
rmcmd="$rmprog -f"
stripcmd=

src=
dst=
dir_arg=
dst_arg=

copy_on_change=false
is_target_a_directory=possibly

usage="\
Usage: $0 [OPTION]... [-T] SRCFILE DSTFILE
   or: $0 [OPTION]... SRCFILES... DIRECTORY
   or: $0 [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SRCFILES...
   or: $0 [OPTION]... -d DIRECTORIES...

In the 1st form, copy SRCFILE to DSTFILE.
In the 2nd and 3rd, copy all SRCFILES to DIRECTORY.
In the 4th, create DIRECTORIES.

Options:
     --help     display this help and exit.
     --version  display version info and exit.

  -c            (ignored)
  -C            install only if different (preserve the last data modification time)
  -d            create directories instead of installing files.
  -g GROUP      $chgrpprog installed files to GROUP.
  -m MODE       $chmodprog installed files to MODE.
  -o USER       $chownprog installed files to USER.
  -s            $stripprog installed files.
  -t DIRECTORY  install into DIRECTORY.
  -T            report an error if DSTFILE is a directory.

Environment variables override the default commands:
  CHGRPPROG CHMODPROG CHOWNPROG CMPPROG CPPROG MKDIRPROG MVPROG
  RMPROG STRIPPROG
"

while test $# -ne 0; do
  case $1 in
    -c) ;;

    -C) copy_on_change=true;;

    -d) dir_arg=true;;

    -g) chgrpcmd="$chgrpprog $2"
        shift;;

    --help) echo "$usage"; exit $?;;

    -m) mode=$2
        case $mode in
          *' '* | *"$tab"* | *"$nl"* | *'*'* | *'?'* | *'['*)
            echo "$0: invalid mode: $mode" >&2
            exit 1;;
        esac
        shift;;

    -o) chowncmd="$chownprog $2"
        shift;;

    -s) stripcmd=$stripprog;;

    -t)
        is_target_a_directory=always
        dst_arg=$2
        # Protect names problematic for 'test' and other utilities.
        case $dst_arg in
          -* | [=\(\)!]) dst_arg=./$dst_arg;;
        esac
        shift;;

    -T) is_target_a_directory=never;;

    --version) echo "$0 $scriptversion"; exit $?;;

    --) shift
        break;;

    -*) echo "$0: invalid option: $1" >&2
        exit 1;;

    *)  break;;
  esac
  shift
done

# We allow the use of options -d and -T together, by making -d
# take the precedence; this is for compatibility with GNU install.

if test -n "$dir_arg"; then
  if test -n "$dst_arg"; then
    echo "$0: target directory not allowed when installing a directory." >&2
    exit 1
  fi
fi

if test $# -ne 0 && test -z "$dir_arg$dst_arg"; then
  # When -d is used, all remaining arguments are directories to create.
  # When -t is used, the destination is already specified.
  # Otherwise, the last argument is the destination.  Remove it from $@.
  for arg
  do
    if test -n "$dst_arg"; then
      # $@ is not empty: it contains at least $arg.
      set fnord "$@" "$dst_arg"
      shift # fnord
    fi
    shift # arg
    dst_arg=$arg
    # Protect names problematic for 'test' and other utilities.
    case $dst_arg in
      -* | [=\(\)!]) dst_arg=./$dst_arg;;
    esac
  done
fi

if test $# -eq 0; then
  if test -z "$dir_arg"; then
    echo "$0: no input file specified." >&2
    exit 1
  fi
  # It's OK to call 'install-sh -d' without argument.
  # This can happen when creating conditional directories.
  exit 0
fi

if test -z "$dir_arg"; then
  if test $# -gt 1 || test "$is_target_a_directory" = always; then
    if test ! -d "$dst_arg"; then
      echo "$0: $dst_arg: Is not a directory." >&2
      exit 1
    fi
  fi
fi

if test -z "$dir_arg"; then
  do_exit='(exit $ret); exit $ret'
  trap "ret=129; $do_exit" 1
  trap "ret=130; $do_exit" 2
  trap "ret=141; $do_exit" 13
  trap "ret=143; $do_exit" 15

  # Set umask so as not to create temps with too-generous modes.
  # However, 'strip' requires both read and write access to temps.
  case $mode in
    # Optimize common cases.
    *644) cp_umask=133;;
    *755) cp_umask=22;;

    *[0-7])
      if test -z "$stripcmd"; then
        u_plus_rw=
      else
        u_plus_rw='% 200'
      fi
      cp_umask=`expr '(' 777 - $mode % 1000 ')' $u_plus_rw`;;
    *)
      if test -z "$stripcmd"; then
        u_plus_rw=
      else
        u_plus_rw=,u+rw
      fi
      cp_umask=$mode$u_plus_rw;;
  esac
fi

for src
do
  # Protect names problematic for 'test' and other utilities.
  case $src in
    -* | [=\(\)!]) src=./$src;;
  esac

  if test -n "$dir_arg"; then
    dst=$src
    dstdir=$dst
    test -d "$dstdir"
    dstdir_status=$?
  else

    # Waiting for this to be detected by the "$cpprog $src $dsttmp" command
    # might cause directories to be created, which would be especially bad
    # if $src (and thus $dsttmp) contains '*'.
    if test ! -f "$src" && test ! -d "$src"; then
      echo "$0: $src does not exist." >&2
      exit 1
    fi

    if test -z "$dst_arg"; then
      echo "$0: no destination specified." >&2
      exit 1
    fi
    dst=$dst_arg

    # If destination is a directory, append the input filename.
    if test -d "$dst"; then
      if test "$is_target_a_directory" = never; then
        echo "$0: $dst_arg: Is a directory" >&2
        exit 1
      fi
      dstdir=$dst
      dstbase=`basename "$src"`
      case $dst in
	*/) dst=$dst$dstbase;;
	*)  dst=$dst/$dstbase;;
      esac
      dstdir_status=0
    else
      dstdir=`dirname "$dst"`
      test -d "$dstdir"
      dstdir_status=$?
    fi
  fi

  case $dstdir in
    */) dstdirslash=$dstdir;;
    *)  dstdirslash=$dstdir/;;
  esac

  obsolete_mkdir_used=false

  if test $dstdir_status != 0; then
    case $posix_mkdir in
      '')
        # Create intermediate dirs using mode 755 as modified by the umask.
        # This is like FreeBSD 'install' as of 1997-10-28.
        umask=`umask`
        case $stripcmd.$umask in
          # Optimize common cases.
          *[2367][2367]) mkdir_umask=$umask;;
          .*0[02][02] | .[02][02] | .[02]) mkdir_umask=22;;

          *[0-7])
            mkdir_umask=`expr $umask + 22 \
              - $umask % 100 % 40 + $umask % 20 \
              - $umask % 10 % 4 + $umask % 2
            `;;
          *) mkdir_umask=$umask,go-w;;
        esac

        # With -d, create the new directory with the user-specified mode.
        # Otherwise, rely on $mkdir_umask.
        if test -n "$dir_arg"; then
          mkdir_mode=-m$mode
        else
          mkdir_mode=
        fi

        posix_mkdir=false
        case $umask in
          *[123567][0-7][0-7])
            # POSIX mkdir -p sets u+wx bits regardless of umask, which
            # is incompatible with FreeBSD 'install' when (umask & 300) != 0.
            ;;
          *)
            tmpdir=${TMPDIR-/tmp}/ins$RANDOM-$$
            trap 'ret=$?; rmdir "$tmpdir/d" "$tmpdir" 2>/dev/null; exit $ret' 0

            if (umask $mkdir_umask &&
                exec $mkdirprog $mkdir_mode -p -- "$tmpdir/d") >/dev/null 2>&1
            then
              if test -z "$dir_arg" || {
                   # Check for POSIX incompatibilities with -m.
                   # HP-UX 11.23 and IRIX 6.5 mkdir -m -p sets group- or
                   # other-writable bit of parent directory when it shouldn't.
                   # FreeBSD 6.1 mkdir -m -p sets mode of existing directory.
                   ls_ld_tmpdir=`ls -ld "$tmpdir"`
                   case $ls_ld_tmpdir in
                     d????-?r-*) different_mode=700;;
                     d????-?--*) different_mode=755;;
                     *) false;;
                   esac &&
                   $mkdirprog -m$different_mode -p -- "$tmpdir" && {
                     ls_ld_tmpdir_1=`ls -ld "$tmpdir"`
                     test "$ls_ld_tmpdir" = "$ls_ld_tmpdir_1"
                   }
                 }
              then posix_mkdir=:
              fi
              rmdir "$tmpdir/d" "$tmpdir"
            else
              # Remove any dirs left behind by ancient mkdir implementations.
              rmdir ./$mkdir_mode ./-p ./-- 2>/dev/null
            fi
            trap '' 0;;
        esac;;
    esac

    if
      $posix_mkdir && (
        umask $mkdir_umask &&
        $doit_exec $mkdirprog $mkdir_mode -p -- "$dstdir"
      )
    then :
    else

      # The umask is ridiculous, or mkdir does not conform to POSIX,
      # or it failed possibly due to a race condition.  Create the
      # directory the slow way, step by step, checking for races as we go.

      case $dstdir in
        /*) prefix='/';;
        [-=\(\)!]*) prefix='./';;
        *)  prefix='';;
      esac

      oIFS=$IFS
      IFS=/
      set -f
      set fnord $dstdir
      shift
      set +f
      IFS=$oIFS

      prefixes=

      for d
      do
        test X"$d" = X && continue

        prefix=$prefix$d
        if test -d "$prefix"; then
          prefixes=
        else
          if $posix_mkdir; then
            (umask=$mkdir_umask &&
             $doit_exec $mkdirprog $mkdir_mode -p -- "$dstdir") && break
            # Don't fail if two instances are running concurrently.
            test -d "$prefix" || exit 1
          else
            case $prefix in
              *\'*) qprefix=`echo "$prefix" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"`;;
              *) qprefix=$prefix;;
            esac
            prefixes="$prefixes '$qprefix'"
          fi
        fi
        prefix=$prefix/
      done

      if test -n "$prefixes"; then
        # Don't fail if two instances are running concurrently.
        (umask $mkdir_umask &&
         eval "\$doit_exec \$mkdirprog $prefixes") ||
          test -d "$dstdir" || exit 1
        obsolete_mkdir_used=true
      fi
    fi
  fi

  if test -n "$dir_arg"; then
    { test -z "$chowncmd" || $doit $chowncmd "$dst"; } &&
    { test -z "$chgrpcmd" || $doit $chgrpcmd "$dst"; } &&
    { test "$obsolete_mkdir_used$chowncmd$chgrpcmd" = false ||
      test -z "$chmodcmd" || $doit $chmodcmd $mode "$dst"; } || exit 1
  else

    # Make a couple of temp file names in the proper directory.
    dsttmp=${dstdirslash}_inst.$$_
    rmtmp=${dstdirslash}_rm.$$_

    # Trap to clean up those temp files at exit.
    trap 'ret=$?; rm -f "$dsttmp" "$rmtmp" && exit $ret' 0

    # Copy the file name to the temp name.
    (umask $cp_umask && $doit_exec $cpprog "$src" "$dsttmp") &&

    # and set any options; do chmod last to preserve setuid bits.
    #
    # If any of these fail, we abort the whole thing.  If we want to
    # ignore errors from any of these, just make sure not to ignore
    # errors from the above "$doit $cpprog $src $dsttmp" command.
    #
    { test -z "$chowncmd" || $doit $chowncmd "$dsttmp"; } &&
    { test -z "$chgrpcmd" || $doit $chgrpcmd "$dsttmp"; } &&
    { test -z "$stripcmd" || $doit $stripcmd "$dsttmp"; } &&
    { test -z "$chmodcmd" || $doit $chmodcmd $mode "$dsttmp"; } &&

    # If -C, don't bother to copy if it wouldn't change the file.
    if $copy_on_change &&
       old=`LC_ALL=C ls -dlL "$dst"     2>/dev/null` &&
       new=`LC_ALL=C ls -dlL "$dsttmp"  2>/dev/null` &&
       set -f &&
       set X $old && old=:$2:$4:$5:$6 &&
       set X $new && new=:$2:$4:$5:$6 &&
       set +f &&
       test "$old" = "$new" &&
       $cmpprog "$dst" "$dsttmp" >/dev/null 2>&1
    then
      rm -f "$dsttmp"
    else
      # Rename the file to the real destination.
      $doit $mvcmd -f "$dsttmp" "$dst" 2>/dev/null ||

      # The rename failed, perhaps because mv can't rename something else
      # to itself, or perhaps because mv is so ancient that it does not
      # support -f.
      {
        # Now remove or move aside any old file at destination location.
        # We try this two ways since rm can't unlink itself on some
        # systems and the destination file might be busy for other
        # reasons.  In this case, the final cleanup might fail but the new
        # file should still install successfully.
        {
          test ! -f "$dst" ||
          $doit $rmcmd -f "$dst" 2>/dev/null ||
          { $doit $mvcmd -f "$dst" "$rmtmp" 2>/dev/null &&
            { $doit $rmcmd -f "$rmtmp" 2>/dev/null; :; }
          } ||
          { echo "$0: cannot unlink or rename $dst" >&2
            (exit 1); exit 1
          }
        } &&

        # Now rename the file to the real destination.
        $doit $mvcmd "$dsttmp" "$dst"
      }
    fi || exit 1

    trap '' 0
  fi
done

# Local variables:
# eval: (add-hook 'write-file-hooks 'time-stamp)
# time-stamp-start: "scriptversion="
# time-stamp-format: "%:y-%02m-%02d.%02H"
# time-stamp-time-zone: "UTC0"
# time-stamp-end: "; # UTC"
# End:
cfitsio-4.3.1/eval_y.c0000644000225700000360000112444214456514035014107 0ustar  cagordonlhea/* A Bison parser, made by GNU Bison 3.8.  */

/* Bison implementation for Yacc-like parsers in C

   Copyright (C) 1984, 1989-1990, 2000-2015, 2018-2021 Free Software Foundation,
   Inc.

   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see .  */

/* As a special exception, you may create a larger work that contains
   part or all of the Bison parser skeleton and distribute that work
   under terms of your choice, so long as that work isn't itself a
   parser generator using the skeleton or a modified version thereof
   as a parser skeleton.  Alternatively, if you modify or redistribute
   the parser skeleton itself, you may (at your option) remove this
   special exception, which will cause the skeleton and the resulting
   Bison output files to be licensed under the GNU General Public
   License without this special exception.

   This special exception was added by the Free Software Foundation in
   version 2.2 of Bison.  */

/* C LALR(1) parser skeleton written by Richard Stallman, by
   simplifying the original so-called "semantic" parser.  */

/* DO NOT RELY ON FEATURES THAT ARE NOT DOCUMENTED in the manual,
   especially those whose name start with YY_ or yy_.  They are
   private implementation details that can be changed or removed.  */

/* All symbols defined below should begin with yy or YY, to avoid
   infringing on user name space.  This should be done even for local
   variables, as they might otherwise be expanded by user macros.
   There are some unavoidable exceptions within include files to
   define necessary library symbols; they are noted "INFRINGES ON
   USER NAME SPACE" below.  */

/* Identify Bison output, and Bison version.  */
#define YYBISON 30800

/* Bison version string.  */
#define YYBISON_VERSION "3.8"

/* Skeleton name.  */
#define YYSKELETON_NAME "yacc.c"

/* Pure parsers.  */
#define YYPURE 2

/* Push parsers.  */
#define YYPUSH 0

/* Pull parsers.  */
#define YYPULL 1

/* Substitute the type names.  */
#define YYSTYPE         FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE
/* Substitute the variable and function names.  */
#define yyparse         fits_parser_yyparse
#define yylex           fits_parser_yylex
#define yyerror         fits_parser_yyerror
#define yydebug         fits_parser_yydebug
#define yynerrs         fits_parser_yynerrs

/* First part of user prologue.  */
#line 16 "eval.y"

/* This file is one of 3 files containing code which parses an          */
/* arithmetic expression and evaluates it in the context of an input    */
/* FITS file table extension.  The CFITSIO lexical parser is divided    */
/* into the following 3 parts/files: the CFITSIO "front-end",           */
/* eval_f.c, contains the interface between the user/CFITSIO and the    */
/* real core of the parser; the FLEX interpreter, eval_l.c, takes the   */
/* input string and parses it into tokens and identifies the FITS       */
/* information required to evaluate the expression (ie, keywords and    */
/* columns); and, the BISON grammar and evaluation routines, eval_y.c,  */
/* receives the FLEX output and determines and performs the actual      */
/* operations.  The files eval_l.c and eval_y.c are produced from       */
/* running flex and bison on the files eval.l and eval.y, respectively. */
/* (flex and bison are available from any GNU archive: see www.gnu.org) */
/*                                                                      */
/* The grammar rules, rather than evaluating the expression in situ,    */
/* builds a tree, or Nodal, structure mapping out the order of          */
/* operations and expression dependencies.  This "compilation" process  */
/* allows for much faster processing of multiple rows.  This technique  */
/* was developed by Uwe Lammers of the XMM Science Analysis System,     */
/* although the CFITSIO implementation is entirely code original.       */
/*                                                                      */
/*                                                                      */
/* Modification History:                                                */
/*                                                                      */
/*   Kent Blackburn      c1992  Original parser code developed for the  */
/*                              FTOOLS software package, in particular, */
/*                              the fselect task.                       */
/*   Kent Blackburn      c1995  BIT column support added                */
/*   Peter D Wilson   Feb 1998  Vector column support added             */
/*   Peter D Wilson   May 1998  Ported to CFITSIO library.  User        */
/*                              interface routines written, in essence  */
/*                              making fselect, fcalc, and maketime     */
/*                              capabilities available to all tools     */
/*                              via single function calls.              */
/*   Peter D Wilson   Jun 1998  Major rewrite of parser core, so as to  */
/*                              create a run-time evaluation tree,      */
/*                              inspired by the work of Uwe Lammers,    */
/*                              resulting in a speed increase of        */
/*                              10-100 times.                           */
/*   Peter D Wilson   Jul 1998  gtifilter(a,b,c,d) function added       */
/*   Peter D Wilson   Aug 1998  regfilter(a,b,c,d) function added       */
/*   Peter D Wilson   Jul 1999  Make parser fitsfile-independent,       */
/*                              allowing a purely vector-based usage    */
/*  Craig B Markwardt Jun 2004  Add MEDIAN() function                   */
/*  Craig B Markwardt Jun 2004  Add SUM(), and MIN/MAX() for bit arrays */
/*  Craig B Markwardt Jun 2004  Allow subscripting of nX bit arrays     */
/*  Craig B Markwardt Jun 2004  Implement statistical functions         */
/*                              NVALID(), AVERAGE(), and STDDEV()       */
/*                              for integer and floating point vectors  */
/*  Craig B Markwardt Jun 2004  Use NULL values for range errors instead*/
/*                              of throwing a parse error               */
/*  Craig B Markwardt Oct 2004  Add ACCUM() and SEQDIFF() functions     */
/*  Craig B Markwardt Feb 2005  Add ANGSEP() function                   */
/*  Craig B Markwardt Aug 2005  CIRCLE, BOX, ELLIPSE, NEAR and REGFILTER*/
/*                              functions now accept vector arguments   */
/*  Craig B Markwardt Sum 2006  Add RANDOMN() and RANDOMP() functions   */
/*  Craig B Markwardt Mar 2007  Allow arguments to RANDOM and RANDOMN to*/
/*                              determine the output dimensions         */
/*  Craig B Markwardt Aug 2009  Add substring STRMID() and string search*/
/*                              STRSTR() functions; more overflow checks*/
/*  Craig B Markwardt Dec 2019  Add bit/hex/oct literal strings and     */
/*                              bitwise operatiosn between integers     */
/*  Craig B Markwardt Mar 2021  Add SETNULL() function                  */
/*                                                                      */
/************************************************************************/

#define  APPROX 1.0e-7
#include "eval_defs.h"
#include "region.h"
#include 

#include 

#ifndef alloca
#define alloca malloc
#endif

/* Random number generators for various distributions */
#include "simplerng.h"

   /*  Shrink the initial stack depth to keep local data <32K (mac limit)  */
   /*  yacc will allocate more space if needed, though.                    */
#define  YYINITDEPTH   100

/***************************************************************/
/*  Replace Bison's BACKUP macro with one that fixes a bug --  */
/*  must update state after popping the stack -- and allows    */
/*  popping multiple terms at one time.                        */
/***************************************************************/

#define YYNEWBACKUP(token, value)                               \
   do								\
     if (yychar == YYEMPTY )   					\
       { yychar = (token);                                      \
         memcpy( &yylval, &(value), sizeof(value) );            \
         yychar1 = YYTRANSLATE (yychar);			\
         while (yylen--) YYPOPSTACK;				\
         yystate = *yyssp;					\
         goto yybackup;						\
       }							\
     else							\
       { yyerror ("syntax error: cannot back up"); YYERROR; }	\
   while (0)

/***************************************************************/
/*  Useful macros for accessing/testing Nodes                  */
/***************************************************************/

#define TEST(a)        if( (a)<0 ) YYERROR
#define SIZE(a)        lParse->Nodes[ a ].value.nelem
#define TYPE(a)        lParse->Nodes[ a ].type
#define OPER(a)        lParse->Nodes[ a ].operation
#define PROMOTE(a,b)   if( TYPE(a) > TYPE(b) )                  \
                          b = New_Unary( lParse, TYPE(a), 0, b );       \
                       else if( TYPE(a) < TYPE(b) )             \
	                  a = New_Unary( lParse, TYPE(b), 0, a );

/*****  Internal functions  *****/

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

static int  Alloc_Node    ( ParseData * );
static void Free_Last_Node( ParseData * );
static void Evaluate_Node ( ParseData *, int thisNode );

static int  New_Const ( ParseData *, int returnType, void *value, long len );
static int  New_Column( ParseData *, int ColNum );
static int  New_Offset( ParseData *, int ColNum, int offset );
static int  New_Unary ( ParseData *, int returnType, int Op, int Node1 );
static int  New_BinOp ( ParseData *, int returnType, int Node1, int Op, int Node2 );
static int  New_Func  ( ParseData *, int returnType, funcOp Op, int nNodes,
			int Node1, int Node2, int Node3, int Node4, 
			int Node5, int Node6, int Node7 );
static int  New_FuncSize( ParseData *, int returnType, funcOp Op, int nNodes,
			int Node1, int Node2, int Node3, int Node4, 
			  int Node5, int Node6, int Node7, int Size);
static int  New_Deref ( ParseData *, int Var,  int nDim,
			int Dim1, int Dim2, int Dim3, int Dim4, int Dim5 );
static int  New_GTI   ( ParseData *, funcOp Op, char *fname, int Node1, int Node2, char *start, char *stop );
static int  New_REG   ( ParseData *, char *fname, int NodeX, int NodeY, char *colNames );
static int  New_Vector( ParseData *, int subNode );
static int  Close_Vec ( ParseData *, int vecNode );
static int  New_Array(  ParseData *, int valueNode, int dimNode );
static int  Locate_Col( ParseData *, Node *this );
static int  Test_Dims ( ParseData *, int Node1, int Node2 );
static void Copy_Dims ( ParseData *, int Node1, int Node2 );

static void Allocate_Ptrs( ParseData *, Node *this );
static void Do_Unary     ( ParseData *, Node *this );
static void Do_Offset    ( ParseData *, Node *this );
static void Do_BinOp_bit ( ParseData *, Node *this );
static void Do_BinOp_str ( ParseData *, Node *this );
static void Do_BinOp_log ( ParseData *, Node *this );
static void Do_BinOp_lng ( ParseData *, Node *this );
static void Do_BinOp_dbl ( ParseData *, Node *this );
static void Do_Func      ( ParseData *, Node *this );
static void Do_Deref     ( ParseData *, Node *this );
static void Do_GTI       ( ParseData *, Node *this );
static void Do_GTI_Over  ( ParseData *, Node *this );
static void Do_REG       ( ParseData *, Node *this );
static void Do_Vector    ( ParseData *, Node *this );
static void Do_Array     ( ParseData *, Node *this );

static long Search_GTI   ( double evtTime, long nGTI, double *start,
			   double *stop, int ordered, long *nextGTI );
static double GTI_Over(double evtStart, double evtStop,
		       long nGTI, double *start, double *stop,
		       long *gtiout);

static char  saobox (double xcen, double ycen, double xwid, double ywid,
		     double rot,  double xcol, double ycol);
static char  ellipse(double xcen, double ycen, double xrad, double yrad,
		     double rot, double xcol, double ycol);
static char  circle (double xcen, double ycen, double rad,
		     double xcol, double ycol);
static char  bnear  (double x, double y, double tolerance);
static char  bitcmp (char *bitstrm1, char *bitstrm2);
static char  bitlgte(char *bits1, int oper, char *bits2);

static void  bitand(char *result, char *bitstrm1, char *bitstrm2);
static void  bitor (char *result, char *bitstrm1, char *bitstrm2);
static void  bitnot(char *result, char *bits);
static int cstrmid(ParseData *lParse, char *dest_str, int dest_len,
		   char *src_str,  int src_len, int pos);

static void yyerror(yyscan_t scanner, ParseData *lParse, char *s);

#ifdef __cplusplus
    }
#endif


#line 273 "eval_y.c"

# ifndef YY_CAST
#  ifdef __cplusplus
#   define YY_CAST(Type, Val) static_cast (Val)
#   define YY_REINTERPRET_CAST(Type, Val) reinterpret_cast (Val)
#  else
#   define YY_CAST(Type, Val) ((Type) (Val))
#   define YY_REINTERPRET_CAST(Type, Val) ((Type) (Val))
#  endif
# endif
# ifndef YY_NULLPTR
#  if defined __cplusplus
#   if 201103L <= __cplusplus
#    define YY_NULLPTR nullptr
#   else
#    define YY_NULLPTR 0
#   endif
#  else
#   define YY_NULLPTR ((void*)0)
#  endif
# endif

#include "eval_tab.h"
/* Symbol kind.  */
enum yysymbol_kind_t
{
  YYSYMBOL_YYEMPTY = -2,
  YYSYMBOL_YYEOF = 0,                      /* "end of file"  */
  YYSYMBOL_YYerror = 1,                    /* error  */
  YYSYMBOL_YYUNDEF = 2,                    /* "invalid token"  */
  YYSYMBOL_BOOLEAN = 3,                    /* BOOLEAN  */
  YYSYMBOL_LONG = 4,                       /* LONG  */
  YYSYMBOL_DOUBLE = 5,                     /* DOUBLE  */
  YYSYMBOL_STRING = 6,                     /* STRING  */
  YYSYMBOL_BITSTR = 7,                     /* BITSTR  */
  YYSYMBOL_FUNCTION = 8,                   /* FUNCTION  */
  YYSYMBOL_BFUNCTION = 9,                  /* BFUNCTION  */
  YYSYMBOL_IFUNCTION = 10,                 /* IFUNCTION  */
  YYSYMBOL_GTIFILTER = 11,                 /* GTIFILTER  */
  YYSYMBOL_GTIOVERLAP = 12,                /* GTIOVERLAP  */
  YYSYMBOL_GTIFIND = 13,                   /* GTIFIND  */
  YYSYMBOL_REGFILTER = 14,                 /* REGFILTER  */
  YYSYMBOL_COLUMN = 15,                    /* COLUMN  */
  YYSYMBOL_BCOLUMN = 16,                   /* BCOLUMN  */
  YYSYMBOL_SCOLUMN = 17,                   /* SCOLUMN  */
  YYSYMBOL_BITCOL = 18,                    /* BITCOL  */
  YYSYMBOL_ROWREF = 19,                    /* ROWREF  */
  YYSYMBOL_NULLREF = 20,                   /* NULLREF  */
  YYSYMBOL_SNULLREF = 21,                  /* SNULLREF  */
  YYSYMBOL_22_ = 22,                       /* ','  */
  YYSYMBOL_23_ = 23,                       /* '='  */
  YYSYMBOL_24_ = 24,                       /* ':'  */
  YYSYMBOL_25_ = 25,                       /* '{'  */
  YYSYMBOL_26_ = 26,                       /* '}'  */
  YYSYMBOL_27_ = 27,                       /* '?'  */
  YYSYMBOL_OR = 28,                        /* OR  */
  YYSYMBOL_AND = 29,                       /* AND  */
  YYSYMBOL_EQ = 30,                        /* EQ  */
  YYSYMBOL_NE = 31,                        /* NE  */
  YYSYMBOL_32_ = 32,                       /* '~'  */
  YYSYMBOL_GT = 33,                        /* GT  */
  YYSYMBOL_LT = 34,                        /* LT  */
  YYSYMBOL_LTE = 35,                       /* LTE  */
  YYSYMBOL_GTE = 36,                       /* GTE  */
  YYSYMBOL_37_ = 37,                       /* '+'  */
  YYSYMBOL_38_ = 38,                       /* '-'  */
  YYSYMBOL_39_ = 39,                       /* '%'  */
  YYSYMBOL_40_ = 40,                       /* '*'  */
  YYSYMBOL_41_ = 41,                       /* '/'  */
  YYSYMBOL_42_ = 42,                       /* '|'  */
  YYSYMBOL_43_ = 43,                       /* '&'  */
  YYSYMBOL_XOR = 44,                       /* XOR  */
  YYSYMBOL_POWER = 45,                     /* POWER  */
  YYSYMBOL_NOT = 46,                       /* NOT  */
  YYSYMBOL_INTCAST = 47,                   /* INTCAST  */
  YYSYMBOL_FLTCAST = 48,                   /* FLTCAST  */
  YYSYMBOL_UMINUS = 49,                    /* UMINUS  */
  YYSYMBOL_50_ = 50,                       /* '['  */
  YYSYMBOL_ACCUM = 51,                     /* ACCUM  */
  YYSYMBOL_DIFF = 52,                      /* DIFF  */
  YYSYMBOL_53_n_ = 53,                     /* '\n'  */
  YYSYMBOL_54_ = 54,                       /* ']'  */
  YYSYMBOL_55_ = 55,                       /* '('  */
  YYSYMBOL_56_ = 56,                       /* ')'  */
  YYSYMBOL_YYACCEPT = 57,                  /* $accept  */
  YYSYMBOL_lines = 58,                     /* lines  */
  YYSYMBOL_line = 59,                      /* line  */
  YYSYMBOL_bvector = 60,                   /* bvector  */
  YYSYMBOL_vector = 61,                    /* vector  */
  YYSYMBOL_expr = 62,                      /* expr  */
  YYSYMBOL_bexpr = 63,                     /* bexpr  */
  YYSYMBOL_bits = 64,                      /* bits  */
  YYSYMBOL_sexpr = 65                      /* sexpr  */
};
typedef enum yysymbol_kind_t yysymbol_kind_t;




#ifdef short
# undef short
#endif

/* On compilers that do not define __PTRDIFF_MAX__ etc., make sure
    and (if available)  are included
   so that the code can choose integer types of a good width.  */

#ifndef __PTRDIFF_MAX__
# include  /* INFRINGES ON USER NAME SPACE */
# if defined __STDC_VERSION__ && 199901 <= __STDC_VERSION__
#  include  /* INFRINGES ON USER NAME SPACE */
#  define YY_STDINT_H
# endif
#endif

/* Narrow types that promote to a signed type and that can represent a
   signed or unsigned integer of at least N bits.  In tables they can
   save space and decrease cache pressure.  Promoting to a signed type
   helps avoid bugs in integer arithmetic.  */

#ifdef __INT_LEAST8_MAX__
typedef __INT_LEAST8_TYPE__ yytype_int8;
#elif defined YY_STDINT_H
typedef int_least8_t yytype_int8;
#else
typedef signed char yytype_int8;
#endif

#ifdef __INT_LEAST16_MAX__
typedef __INT_LEAST16_TYPE__ yytype_int16;
#elif defined YY_STDINT_H
typedef int_least16_t yytype_int16;
#else
typedef short yytype_int16;
#endif

/* Work around bug in HP-UX 11.23, which defines these macros
   incorrectly for preprocessor constants.  This workaround can likely
   be removed in 2023, as HPE has promised support for HP-UX 11.23
   (aka HP-UX 11i v2) only through the end of 2022; see Table 2 of
   .  */
#ifdef __hpux
# undef UINT_LEAST8_MAX
# undef UINT_LEAST16_MAX
# define UINT_LEAST8_MAX 255
# define UINT_LEAST16_MAX 65535
#endif

#if defined __UINT_LEAST8_MAX__ && __UINT_LEAST8_MAX__ <= __INT_MAX__
typedef __UINT_LEAST8_TYPE__ yytype_uint8;
#elif (!defined __UINT_LEAST8_MAX__ && defined YY_STDINT_H \
       && UINT_LEAST8_MAX <= INT_MAX)
typedef uint_least8_t yytype_uint8;
#elif !defined __UINT_LEAST8_MAX__ && UCHAR_MAX <= INT_MAX
typedef unsigned char yytype_uint8;
#else
typedef short yytype_uint8;
#endif

#if defined __UINT_LEAST16_MAX__ && __UINT_LEAST16_MAX__ <= __INT_MAX__
typedef __UINT_LEAST16_TYPE__ yytype_uint16;
#elif (!defined __UINT_LEAST16_MAX__ && defined YY_STDINT_H \
       && UINT_LEAST16_MAX <= INT_MAX)
typedef uint_least16_t yytype_uint16;
#elif !defined __UINT_LEAST16_MAX__ && USHRT_MAX <= INT_MAX
typedef unsigned short yytype_uint16;
#else
typedef int yytype_uint16;
#endif

#ifndef YYPTRDIFF_T
# if defined __PTRDIFF_TYPE__ && defined __PTRDIFF_MAX__
#  define YYPTRDIFF_T __PTRDIFF_TYPE__
#  define YYPTRDIFF_MAXIMUM __PTRDIFF_MAX__
# elif defined PTRDIFF_MAX
#  ifndef ptrdiff_t
#   include  /* INFRINGES ON USER NAME SPACE */
#  endif
#  define YYPTRDIFF_T ptrdiff_t
#  define YYPTRDIFF_MAXIMUM PTRDIFF_MAX
# else
#  define YYPTRDIFF_T long
#  define YYPTRDIFF_MAXIMUM LONG_MAX
# endif
#endif

#ifndef YYSIZE_T
# ifdef __SIZE_TYPE__
#  define YYSIZE_T __SIZE_TYPE__
# elif defined size_t
#  define YYSIZE_T size_t
# elif defined __STDC_VERSION__ && 199901 <= __STDC_VERSION__
#  include  /* INFRINGES ON USER NAME SPACE */
#  define YYSIZE_T size_t
# else
#  define YYSIZE_T unsigned
# endif
#endif

#define YYSIZE_MAXIMUM                                  \
  YY_CAST (YYPTRDIFF_T,                                 \
           (YYPTRDIFF_MAXIMUM < YY_CAST (YYSIZE_T, -1)  \
            ? YYPTRDIFF_MAXIMUM                         \
            : YY_CAST (YYSIZE_T, -1)))

#define YYSIZEOF(X) YY_CAST (YYPTRDIFF_T, sizeof (X))


/* Stored state numbers (used for stacks). */
typedef yytype_int16 yy_state_t;

/* State numbers in computations.  */
typedef int yy_state_fast_t;

#ifndef YY_
# if defined YYENABLE_NLS && YYENABLE_NLS
#  if ENABLE_NLS
#   include  /* INFRINGES ON USER NAME SPACE */
#   define YY_(Msgid) dgettext ("bison-runtime", Msgid)
#  endif
# endif
# ifndef YY_
#  define YY_(Msgid) Msgid
# endif
#endif


#ifndef YY_ATTRIBUTE_PURE
# if defined __GNUC__ && 2 < __GNUC__ + (96 <= __GNUC_MINOR__)
#  define YY_ATTRIBUTE_PURE __attribute__ ((__pure__))
# else
#  define YY_ATTRIBUTE_PURE
# endif
#endif

#ifndef YY_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
# if defined __GNUC__ && 2 < __GNUC__ + (7 <= __GNUC_MINOR__)
#  define YY_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED __attribute__ ((__unused__))
# else
#  define YY_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED
# endif
#endif

/* Suppress unused-variable warnings by "using" E.  */
#if ! defined lint || defined __GNUC__
# define YY_USE(E) ((void) (E))
#else
# define YY_USE(E) /* empty */
#endif

/* Suppress an incorrect diagnostic about yylval being uninitialized.  */
#if defined __GNUC__ && ! defined __ICC && 406 <= __GNUC__ * 100 + __GNUC_MINOR__
# if __GNUC__ * 100 + __GNUC_MINOR__ < 407
#  define YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_BEGIN                           \
    _Pragma ("GCC diagnostic push")                                     \
    _Pragma ("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wuninitialized\"")
# else
#  define YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_BEGIN                           \
    _Pragma ("GCC diagnostic push")                                     \
    _Pragma ("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wuninitialized\"")              \
    _Pragma ("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wmaybe-uninitialized\"")
# endif
# define YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_END      \
    _Pragma ("GCC diagnostic pop")
#else
# define YY_INITIAL_VALUE(Value) Value
#endif
#ifndef YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_BEGIN
# define YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_BEGIN
# define YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_END
#endif
#ifndef YY_INITIAL_VALUE
# define YY_INITIAL_VALUE(Value) /* Nothing. */
#endif

#if defined __cplusplus && defined __GNUC__ && ! defined __ICC && 6 <= __GNUC__
# define YY_IGNORE_USELESS_CAST_BEGIN                          \
    _Pragma ("GCC diagnostic push")                            \
    _Pragma ("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wuseless-cast\"")
# define YY_IGNORE_USELESS_CAST_END            \
    _Pragma ("GCC diagnostic pop")
#endif
#ifndef YY_IGNORE_USELESS_CAST_BEGIN
# define YY_IGNORE_USELESS_CAST_BEGIN
# define YY_IGNORE_USELESS_CAST_END
#endif


#define YY_ASSERT(E) ((void) (0 && (E)))

#if !defined yyoverflow

/* The parser invokes alloca or malloc; define the necessary symbols.  */

# ifdef YYSTACK_USE_ALLOCA
#  if YYSTACK_USE_ALLOCA
#   ifdef __GNUC__
#    define YYSTACK_ALLOC __builtin_alloca
#   elif defined __BUILTIN_VA_ARG_INCR
#    include  /* INFRINGES ON USER NAME SPACE */
#   elif defined _AIX
#    define YYSTACK_ALLOC __alloca
#   elif defined _MSC_VER
#    include  /* INFRINGES ON USER NAME SPACE */
#    define alloca _alloca
#   else
#    define YYSTACK_ALLOC alloca
#    if ! defined _ALLOCA_H && ! defined EXIT_SUCCESS
#     include  /* INFRINGES ON USER NAME SPACE */
      /* Use EXIT_SUCCESS as a witness for stdlib.h.  */
#     ifndef EXIT_SUCCESS
#      define EXIT_SUCCESS 0
#     endif
#    endif
#   endif
#  endif
# endif

# ifdef YYSTACK_ALLOC
   /* Pacify GCC's 'empty if-body' warning.  */
#  define YYSTACK_FREE(Ptr) do { /* empty */; } while (0)
#  ifndef YYSTACK_ALLOC_MAXIMUM
    /* The OS might guarantee only one guard page at the bottom of the stack,
       and a page size can be as small as 4096 bytes.  So we cannot safely
       invoke alloca (N) if N exceeds 4096.  Use a slightly smaller number
       to allow for a few compiler-allocated temporary stack slots.  */
#   define YYSTACK_ALLOC_MAXIMUM 4032 /* reasonable circa 2006 */
#  endif
# else
#  define YYSTACK_ALLOC YYMALLOC
#  define YYSTACK_FREE YYFREE
#  ifndef YYSTACK_ALLOC_MAXIMUM
#   define YYSTACK_ALLOC_MAXIMUM YYSIZE_MAXIMUM
#  endif
#  if (defined __cplusplus && ! defined EXIT_SUCCESS \
       && ! ((defined YYMALLOC || defined malloc) \
             && (defined YYFREE || defined free)))
#   include  /* INFRINGES ON USER NAME SPACE */
#   ifndef EXIT_SUCCESS
#    define EXIT_SUCCESS 0
#   endif
#  endif
#  ifndef YYMALLOC
#   define YYMALLOC malloc
#   if ! defined malloc && ! defined EXIT_SUCCESS
void *malloc (YYSIZE_T); /* INFRINGES ON USER NAME SPACE */
#   endif
#  endif
#  ifndef YYFREE
#   define YYFREE free
#   if ! defined free && ! defined EXIT_SUCCESS
void free (void *); /* INFRINGES ON USER NAME SPACE */
#   endif
#  endif
# endif
#endif /* !defined yyoverflow */

#if (! defined yyoverflow \
     && (! defined __cplusplus \
         || (defined FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE_IS_TRIVIAL && FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE_IS_TRIVIAL)))

/* A type that is properly aligned for any stack member.  */
union yyalloc
{
  yy_state_t yyss_alloc;
  YYSTYPE yyvs_alloc;
};

/* The size of the maximum gap between one aligned stack and the next.  */
# define YYSTACK_GAP_MAXIMUM (YYSIZEOF (union yyalloc) - 1)

/* The size of an array large to enough to hold all stacks, each with
   N elements.  */
# define YYSTACK_BYTES(N) \
     ((N) * (YYSIZEOF (yy_state_t) + YYSIZEOF (YYSTYPE)) \
      + YYSTACK_GAP_MAXIMUM)

# define YYCOPY_NEEDED 1

/* Relocate STACK from its old location to the new one.  The
   local variables YYSIZE and YYSTACKSIZE give the old and new number of
   elements in the stack, and YYPTR gives the new location of the
   stack.  Advance YYPTR to a properly aligned location for the next
   stack.  */
# define YYSTACK_RELOCATE(Stack_alloc, Stack)                           \
    do                                                                  \
      {                                                                 \
        YYPTRDIFF_T yynewbytes;                                         \
        YYCOPY (&yyptr->Stack_alloc, Stack, yysize);                    \
        Stack = &yyptr->Stack_alloc;                                    \
        yynewbytes = yystacksize * YYSIZEOF (*Stack) + YYSTACK_GAP_MAXIMUM; \
        yyptr += yynewbytes / YYSIZEOF (*yyptr);                        \
      }                                                                 \
    while (0)

#endif

#if defined YYCOPY_NEEDED && YYCOPY_NEEDED
/* Copy COUNT objects from SRC to DST.  The source and destination do
   not overlap.  */
# ifndef YYCOPY
#  if defined __GNUC__ && 1 < __GNUC__
#   define YYCOPY(Dst, Src, Count) \
      __builtin_memcpy (Dst, Src, YY_CAST (YYSIZE_T, (Count)) * sizeof (*(Src)))
#  else
#   define YYCOPY(Dst, Src, Count)              \
      do                                        \
        {                                       \
          YYPTRDIFF_T yyi;                      \
          for (yyi = 0; yyi < (Count); yyi++)   \
            (Dst)[yyi] = (Src)[yyi];            \
        }                                       \
      while (0)
#  endif
# endif
#endif /* !YYCOPY_NEEDED */

/* YYFINAL -- State number of the termination state.  */
#define YYFINAL  2
/* YYLAST -- Last index in YYTABLE.  */
#define YYLAST   1776

/* YYNTOKENS -- Number of terminals.  */
#define YYNTOKENS  57
/* YYNNTS -- Number of nonterminals.  */
#define YYNNTS  9
/* YYNRULES -- Number of rules.  */
#define YYNRULES  135
/* YYNSTATES -- Number of states.  */
#define YYNSTATES  322

/* YYMAXUTOK -- Last valid token kind.  */
#define YYMAXUTOK   292


/* YYTRANSLATE(TOKEN-NUM) -- Symbol number corresponding to TOKEN-NUM
   as returned by yylex, with out-of-bounds checking.  */
#define YYTRANSLATE(YYX)                                \
  (0 <= (YYX) && (YYX) <= YYMAXUTOK                     \
   ? YY_CAST (yysymbol_kind_t, yytranslate[YYX])        \
   : YYSYMBOL_YYUNDEF)

/* YYTRANSLATE[TOKEN-NUM] -- Symbol number corresponding to TOKEN-NUM
   as returned by yylex.  */
static const yytype_int8 yytranslate[] =
{
       0,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
      53,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,    39,    43,     2,
      55,    56,    40,    37,    22,    38,     2,    41,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,    24,     2,
       2,    23,     2,    27,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,    50,     2,    54,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,    25,    42,    26,    32,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,     1,     2,     3,     4,
       5,     6,     7,     8,     9,    10,    11,    12,    13,    14,
      15,    16,    17,    18,    19,    20,    21,    28,    29,    30,
      31,    33,    34,    35,    36,    44,    45,    46,    47,    48,
      49,    51,    52
};

#if FITS_PARSER_YYDEBUG
/* YYRLINE[YYN] -- Source line where rule number YYN was defined.  */
static const yytype_int16 yyrline[] =
{
       0,   266,   266,   267,   270,   271,   277,   283,   289,   295,
     298,   300,   313,   315,   328,   339,   353,   357,   361,   365,
     367,   376,   379,   382,   391,   393,   395,   397,   399,   401,
     404,   408,   410,   412,   414,   423,   425,   427,   430,   433,
     436,   439,   442,   451,   460,   469,   472,   474,   476,   478,
     482,   486,   505,   524,   543,   554,   568,   617,   629,   660,
     774,   782,   885,   911,   914,   918,   920,   922,   924,   926,
     928,   930,   932,   934,   938,   940,   942,   951,   954,   957,
     960,   963,   966,   969,   972,   975,   978,   981,   984,   987,
     990,   993,   996,   999,  1002,  1005,  1008,  1010,  1012,  1014,
    1017,  1024,  1041,  1054,  1067,  1078,  1094,  1118,  1146,  1183,
    1187,  1191,  1194,  1200,  1204,  1208,  1211,  1216,  1220,  1223,
    1227,  1229,  1231,  1233,  1235,  1237,  1239,  1243,  1246,  1248,
    1257,  1259,  1261,  1270,  1289,  1308
};
#endif

/** Accessing symbol of state STATE.  */
#define YY_ACCESSING_SYMBOL(State) YY_CAST (yysymbol_kind_t, yystos[State])

#if FITS_PARSER_YYDEBUG || 0
/* The user-facing name of the symbol whose (internal) number is
   YYSYMBOL.  No bounds checking.  */
static const char *yysymbol_name (yysymbol_kind_t yysymbol) YY_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;

/* YYTNAME[SYMBOL-NUM] -- String name of the symbol SYMBOL-NUM.
   First, the terminals, then, starting at YYNTOKENS, nonterminals.  */
static const char *const yytname[] =
{
  "\"end of file\"", "error", "\"invalid token\"", "BOOLEAN", "LONG",
  "DOUBLE", "STRING", "BITSTR", "FUNCTION", "BFUNCTION", "IFUNCTION",
  "GTIFILTER", "GTIOVERLAP", "GTIFIND", "REGFILTER", "COLUMN", "BCOLUMN",
  "SCOLUMN", "BITCOL", "ROWREF", "NULLREF", "SNULLREF", "','", "'='",
  "':'", "'{'", "'}'", "'?'", "OR", "AND", "EQ", "NE", "'~'", "GT", "LT",
  "LTE", "GTE", "'+'", "'-'", "'%'", "'*'", "'/'", "'|'", "'&'", "XOR",
  "POWER", "NOT", "INTCAST", "FLTCAST", "UMINUS", "'['", "ACCUM", "DIFF",
  "'\\n'", "']'", "'('", "')'", "$accept", "lines", "line", "bvector",
  "vector", "expr", "bexpr", "bits", "sexpr", YY_NULLPTR
};

static const char *
yysymbol_name (yysymbol_kind_t yysymbol)
{
  return yytname[yysymbol];
}
#endif

#define YYPACT_NINF (-41)

#define yypact_value_is_default(Yyn) \
  ((Yyn) == YYPACT_NINF)

#define YYTABLE_NINF (-1)

#define yytable_value_is_error(Yyn) \
  0

/* YYPACT[STATE-NUM] -- Index in YYTABLE of the portion describing
   STATE-NUM.  */
static const yytype_int16 yypact[] =
{
     -41,   316,   -41,   -40,   -41,   -41,   -41,   -41,   -41,   369,
     423,   423,    -5,    15,    -4,    27,    36,    38,    40,    41,
     -41,   -41,   -41,   423,   423,   423,   423,   423,   423,   -41,
     423,   -41,    -7,    10,  1226,    81,  1646,    83,   -41,   -41,
     450,   116,   309,    12,   479,   185,   152,   222,  1593,  1673,
    1675,   -19,   -41,    13,   -18,   -41,     6,   423,   423,   423,
     423,  1593,  1673,  1684,    17,    17,    19,    24,    17,    19,
      17,    19,   710,  1253,  1611,   365,   423,   -41,   423,   -41,
     423,   423,   423,   423,   423,   423,   423,   423,   423,   423,
     423,   423,   423,   423,   423,   423,   423,   423,   -41,   423,
     423,   423,   423,   423,   423,   423,   -41,    -2,    -2,    -2,
      -2,    -2,    -2,    -2,    -2,    -2,   423,   -41,   423,   423,
     423,   423,   423,   423,   423,   -41,   423,   -41,   423,   -41,
     -41,   423,   -41,   423,   -41,   -41,   -41,   423,   423,   -41,
     423,   423,   -41,   423,   -41,  1455,  1478,  1501,  1524,   -41,
     -41,   -41,   -41,  1593,  1673,  1593,  1673,  1547,  1712,  1712,
    1712,  1726,  1726,  1726,  1726,   368,   368,   368,    28,    19,
      28,     5,     5,     5,     5,   851,  1570,   425,   260,   128,
     -20,    14,    14,    28,   876,    -2,    -2,   -25,   -25,   -25,
     -25,   -25,   -25,   -36,    24,    24,   901,   140,   140,    39,
      39,    39,    39,   -41,   508,   738,  1258,  1288,  1629,  1312,
    1638,   537,  1336,   566,  1360,   -41,   -41,   -41,   -41,   423,
     423,   -41,   423,   423,   423,   423,   -41,    24,   189,   423,
     -41,   423,   -41,   -41,   -41,   423,   -41,   423,   -41,    93,
     -41,   423,    94,   -41,   423,  1694,   926,  1694,  1673,  1694,
    1673,  1684,   951,   976,  1384,   766,   595,    79,   624,    80,
     653,   423,   -41,   423,   -41,   423,   -41,   423,   -41,   423,
     -41,   100,   101,   -41,   117,   118,   -41,  1001,  1026,  1051,
     794,  1408,    72,   111,    85,    99,   423,   -41,   423,   -41,
     423,   -41,   -41,   423,   -41,   129,   -41,   -41,  1076,  1101,
    1126,   682,   104,   423,   -41,   423,   -41,   423,   -41,   423,
     -41,   -41,  1151,  1176,  1201,  1432,   -41,   -41,   -41,   423,
     822,   -41
};

/* YYDEFACT[STATE-NUM] -- Default reduction number in state STATE-NUM.
   Performed when YYTABLE does not specify something else to do.  Zero
   means the default is an error.  */
static const yytype_uint8 yydefact[] =
{
       2,     0,     1,     0,    74,    31,    32,   127,    18,     0,
       0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,    33,    75,   128,    19,
      35,    36,   130,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     4,
       0,     3,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     9,    54,
       0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,
       0,     0,   109,     0,     0,   113,     0,     0,     0,     0,
       0,    12,    10,     0,    46,    47,   125,    29,    70,    71,
      72,    73,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,    17,     0,    16,
       0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,
       0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     5,     0,
       0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     6,     0,     0,     0,
       0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     8,     0,     0,
       0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     7,     0,    59,     0,    55,
      58,     0,    57,     0,   102,   103,   104,     0,     0,   110,
       0,     0,   114,     0,   117,     0,     0,     0,     0,    48,
     126,    30,   131,    15,    11,    13,    14,     0,    88,    89,
      87,    83,    84,    86,    85,    38,    39,    37,    40,    49,
      41,    43,    42,    44,    45,     0,     0,     0,     0,    97,
      96,    98,    99,    50,     0,     0,     0,    77,    78,    81,
      79,    80,    82,    23,    22,    21,     0,    90,    91,    92,
      94,    95,    93,   132,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,
       0,     0,     0,     0,     0,    34,    76,   129,    20,     0,
       0,    65,     0,     0,     0,     0,   120,    29,     0,     0,
      24,     0,    61,    56,   105,     0,   134,     0,    60,     0,
     111,     0,     0,   115,     0,   100,     0,    51,    53,    52,
     101,   133,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,
       0,     0,    66,     0,   121,     0,    25,     0,   135,     0,
     106,     0,     0,    63,     0,     0,   118,     0,     0,     0,
       0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,    67,     0,   122,
       0,    26,    62,     0,   112,     0,   116,   119,     0,     0,
       0,     0,     0,     0,    68,     0,   123,     0,    27,     0,
     107,    64,     0,     0,     0,     0,    69,   124,    28,     0,
       0,   108
};

/* YYPGOTO[NTERM-NUM].  */
static const yytype_int16 yypgoto[] =
{
     -41,   -41,   -41,   -41,   -41,    -1,   170,    96,    30
};

/* YYDEFGOTO[NTERM-NUM].  */
static const yytype_int8 yydefgoto[] =
{
       0,     1,    31,    32,    33,    48,    49,    46,    63
};

/* YYTABLE[YYPACT[STATE-NUM]] -- What to do in state STATE-NUM.  If
   positive, shift that token.  If negative, reduce the rule whose
   number is the opposite.  If YYTABLE_NINF, syntax error.  */
static const yytype_int16 yytable[] =
{
      34,    51,    54,   138,   141,     8,   114,   115,    40,    44,
     102,   103,   113,    38,   116,    76,    19,   114,   115,    77,
     104,    53,    61,    64,    65,   116,    68,    70,   143,    72,
     105,    37,    78,    56,   131,   140,    79,   139,   142,    43,
      47,    50,   118,   119,   185,   120,   121,   122,   123,   124,
      96,    52,    55,   186,   104,    97,   145,   146,   147,   148,
      75,    57,   144,    58,   105,    59,    60,    97,   132,   105,
      93,    94,    95,    96,   116,   153,   124,   155,    97,   157,
     158,   159,   160,   161,   162,   163,   164,   165,   166,   167,
     168,   170,   171,   172,   173,   174,   175,    36,   176,   257,
     259,   271,   274,   183,   184,    42,   282,   283,    99,   100,
     101,   102,   103,   118,   119,   196,   120,   121,   122,   123,
     124,   104,    67,   284,   285,   204,    74,   205,   294,   178,
     207,   105,   209,   295,   106,   302,   125,   211,   128,   212,
     213,   296,   214,    99,   100,   101,   102,   103,   197,   198,
     199,   200,   201,   202,   203,   297,   104,   101,   102,   103,
     311,   208,     0,     0,     0,     0,   105,   210,   104,     0,
       0,    35,   129,   120,   121,   122,   123,   124,   105,    41,
      45,     0,   107,   108,     0,   109,   110,   111,   112,   113,
       0,     0,     0,    62,   114,   115,    66,    69,    71,     0,
      73,     0,   116,   187,   188,   189,   190,   191,   192,   193,
     194,   195,    99,   100,   101,   102,   103,     0,   245,   246,
       0,   247,   249,     0,   252,   104,   113,     0,   253,     0,
     254,   114,   115,     0,   255,   105,   256,     0,     0,   116,
     258,   135,     0,   260,     0,   151,   154,     0,   156,     0,
       0,     0,   118,   119,   251,   120,   121,   122,   123,   124,
     277,   169,   278,     0,   279,     0,   280,     0,   281,   177,
     179,   180,   181,   182,     0,     0,     0,     0,   136,     0,
       0,   227,   228,     0,   224,   298,     0,   299,     0,   300,
     118,   119,   301,   120,   121,   122,   123,   124,   206,     0,
       0,     0,   312,     0,   313,     0,   314,     0,   315,     0,
       0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     2,     3,   320,     4,
       5,     6,     7,     8,     9,    10,    11,    12,    13,    14,
      15,    16,    17,    18,    19,    20,    21,    22,     0,   107,
     108,    23,   109,   110,   111,   112,   113,     0,     0,     0,
       0,   114,   115,    24,    25,     0,     0,     0,     0,   116,
       0,     0,    26,    27,    28,   130,     0,     0,     0,    29,
       0,    30,     4,     5,     6,     7,     8,     9,    10,    11,
      12,    13,    14,    15,    16,    17,    18,    19,    20,    21,
      22,     0,   248,   250,    23,   118,   119,     0,   120,   121,
     122,   123,   124,     0,     0,     0,    24,    25,    91,    92,
      93,    94,    95,    96,     0,    26,    27,    28,    97,     0,
       0,   152,     0,     0,    30,    39,     4,     5,     6,     7,
       8,     9,    10,    11,    12,    13,    14,    15,    16,    17,
      18,    19,    20,    21,    22,     0,     0,     0,    23,   223,
       0,     0,    99,   100,   101,   102,   103,     0,     0,     0,
      24,    25,     0,     0,     0,   104,     0,     0,     0,    26,
      27,    28,   126,    80,     0,   105,     0,     0,    30,     0,
      81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,
      91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,     0,     0,     0,
      97,   133,    80,     0,     0,     0,   127,     0,     0,    81,
      82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,
      92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,     0,     0,     0,    97,
     231,    80,     0,     0,     0,   134,     0,     0,    81,    82,
      83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,
      93,    94,    95,    96,     0,     0,     0,     0,    97,   239,
      80,     0,     0,     0,   232,     0,     0,    81,    82,    83,
      84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,
      94,    95,    96,     0,     0,     0,     0,    97,   242,    80,
       0,     0,     0,   240,     0,     0,    81,    82,    83,    84,
      85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,
      95,    96,     0,     0,     0,     0,    97,   269,    80,     0,
       0,     0,   243,     0,     0,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,
      86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,
      96,     0,     0,     0,     0,    97,   272,    80,     0,     0,
       0,   270,     0,     0,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,
      87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,
       0,     0,     0,     0,    97,   275,    80,     0,     0,     0,
     273,     0,     0,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,
      88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,
       0,     0,     0,    97,   309,    80,     0,     0,     0,   276,
       0,     0,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,
      89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,     0,
       0,     0,    97,    80,     0,     0,     0,     0,   310,     0,
      81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,
      91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,     0,     0,     0,
      97,    80,     0,     0,     0,     0,   149,     0,    81,    82,
      83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,
      93,    94,    95,    96,     0,     0,     0,     0,    97,    80,
       0,     0,     0,     0,   233,     0,    81,    82,    83,    84,
      85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,
      95,    96,     0,     0,     0,     0,    97,    80,     0,     0,
       0,     0,   268,     0,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,
      87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,
       0,     0,     0,     0,    97,    80,     0,     0,     0,     0,
     292,     0,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,
      89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,     0,
       0,     0,    97,   220,    80,     0,     0,     0,   321,     0,
       0,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,
      90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,   225,    80,
       0,    97,     0,     0,     0,   221,    81,    82,    83,    84,
      85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,
      95,    96,     0,   229,    80,     0,    97,     0,     0,     0,
     226,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,
      90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,   261,    80,
       0,    97,     0,     0,     0,   230,    81,    82,    83,    84,
      85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,
      95,    96,     0,   263,    80,     0,    97,     0,     0,     0,
     262,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,
      90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,   265,    80,
       0,    97,     0,     0,     0,   264,    81,    82,    83,    84,
      85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,
      95,    96,     0,   286,    80,     0,    97,     0,     0,     0,
     266,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,
      90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,   288,    80,
       0,    97,     0,     0,     0,   287,    81,    82,    83,    84,
      85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,
      95,    96,     0,   290,    80,     0,    97,     0,     0,     0,
     289,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,
      90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,   303,    80,
       0,    97,     0,     0,     0,   291,    81,    82,    83,    84,
      85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,
      95,    96,     0,   305,    80,     0,    97,     0,     0,     0,
     304,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,
      90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,   307,    80,
       0,    97,     0,     0,     0,   306,    81,    82,    83,    84,
      85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,
      95,    96,     0,     0,    80,     0,    97,     0,     0,     0,
     308,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,
      90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,     0,    80,
       0,    97,     0,     0,     0,   316,    81,    82,    83,    84,
      85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,
      95,    96,     0,     0,    80,     0,    97,     0,     0,     0,
     317,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,
      90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,     0,    80,
       0,    97,     0,     0,     0,   318,    81,    82,    83,    84,
      85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,
      95,    96,     0,     0,     0,     0,    97,     0,     0,    98,
      99,   100,   101,   102,   103,    99,   100,   101,   102,   103,
       0,     0,     0,   104,     0,     0,     0,     0,   104,     0,
       0,     0,     0,   105,     0,     0,     0,     0,   105,   150,
     235,    80,     0,     0,   234,     0,     0,     0,    81,    82,
      83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,
      93,    94,    95,    96,   237,    80,     0,     0,    97,     0,
       0,     0,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,
      89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,   241,    80,
       0,     0,    97,     0,     0,     0,    81,    82,    83,    84,
      85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,
      95,    96,   244,    80,     0,     0,    97,     0,     0,     0,
      81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,
      91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,   267,    80,     0,     0,
      97,     0,     0,     0,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,
      87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,
     293,    80,     0,     0,    97,     0,     0,     0,    81,    82,
      83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,
      93,    94,    95,    96,   319,    80,     0,     0,    97,     0,
       0,     0,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,
      89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,    80,     0,
       0,   215,    97,     0,     0,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,
      86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,
      96,    80,     0,     0,   216,    97,     0,     0,    81,    82,
      83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,
      93,    94,    95,    96,    80,     0,     0,   217,    97,     0,
       0,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,
      90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,    80,     0,     0,
     218,    97,     0,     0,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,
      87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,
      80,   219,     0,     0,    97,     0,     0,    81,    82,    83,
      84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,
      94,    95,    96,    80,   222,     0,     0,    97,     0,     0,
      81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,
      91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,    80,     0,     0,     0,
      97,     0,     0,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,
      88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,
       0,   107,   108,    97,   109,   110,   111,   112,   113,     0,
       0,     0,     0,   114,   115,     0,     0,     0,     0,   118,
     119,   116,   120,   121,   122,   123,   124,   151,   118,   119,
       0,   120,   121,   122,   123,   124,   107,   108,     0,   109,
     110,   111,   112,   113,     0,   236,     0,     0,   114,   115,
       0,     0,     0,     0,   238,     0,   116,   137,     0,   117,
      99,   100,   101,   102,   103,   118,   119,     0,   120,   121,
     122,   123,   124,   104,   118,   119,     0,   120,   121,   122,
     123,   124,     0,   105,    81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,
      87,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,
       0,     0,     0,     0,    97,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,
      89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,     0,     0,
       0,     0,    97,    88,    89,    90,    91,    92,    93,    94,
      95,    96,     0,     0,     0,     0,    97
};

static const yytype_int16 yycheck[] =
{
       1,     6,     6,    22,    22,     7,    42,    43,     9,    10,
      30,    31,    37,    53,    50,    22,    18,    42,    43,    26,
      40,     6,    23,    24,    25,    50,    27,    28,    22,    30,
      50,     1,    22,     6,    22,    22,    26,    56,    56,     9,
      10,    11,    30,    31,    46,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,
      45,    56,    56,    55,    40,    50,    57,    58,    59,    60,
      30,    25,    56,    25,    50,    25,    25,    50,    56,    50,
      42,    43,    44,    45,    50,    76,    37,    78,    50,    80,
      81,    82,    83,    84,    85,    86,    87,    88,    89,    90,
      91,    92,    93,    94,    95,    96,    97,     1,    99,     6,
       6,    22,    22,   104,   105,     9,     6,     6,    27,    28,
      29,    30,    31,    30,    31,   116,    33,    34,    35,    36,
      37,    40,    26,     6,     6,   126,    30,   128,    56,    99,
     131,    50,   133,    22,    53,     6,    53,   138,    22,   140,
     141,    56,   143,    27,    28,    29,    30,    31,   118,   119,
     120,   121,   122,   123,   124,    56,    40,    29,    30,    31,
      56,   131,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    50,   137,    40,    -1,
      -1,     1,    56,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    50,     9,
      10,    -1,    30,    31,    -1,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,
      -1,    -1,    -1,    23,    42,    43,    26,    27,    28,    -1,
      30,    -1,    50,   107,   108,   109,   110,   111,   112,   113,
     114,   115,    27,    28,    29,    30,    31,    -1,   219,   220,
      -1,   222,   223,    -1,   225,    40,    37,    -1,   229,    -1,
     231,    42,    43,    -1,   235,    50,   237,    -1,    -1,    50,
     241,    56,    -1,   244,    -1,    56,    76,    -1,    78,    -1,
      -1,    -1,    30,    31,   224,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,
     261,    91,   263,    -1,   265,    -1,   267,    -1,   269,    99,
     100,   101,   102,   103,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    56,    -1,
      -1,   185,   186,    -1,    24,   286,    -1,   288,    -1,   290,
      30,    31,   293,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,   128,    -1,
      -1,    -1,   303,    -1,   305,    -1,   307,    -1,   309,    -1,
      -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,     0,     1,   319,     3,
       4,     5,     6,     7,     8,     9,    10,    11,    12,    13,
      14,    15,    16,    17,    18,    19,    20,    21,    -1,    30,
      31,    25,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    -1,    -1,    -1,
      -1,    42,    43,    37,    38,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    50,
      -1,    -1,    46,    47,    48,    56,    -1,    -1,    -1,    53,
      -1,    55,     3,     4,     5,     6,     7,     8,     9,    10,
      11,    12,    13,    14,    15,    16,    17,    18,    19,    20,
      21,    -1,   222,   223,    25,    30,    31,    -1,    33,    34,
      35,    36,    37,    -1,    -1,    -1,    37,    38,    40,    41,
      42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    46,    47,    48,    50,    -1,
      -1,    56,    -1,    -1,    55,    56,     3,     4,     5,     6,
       7,     8,     9,    10,    11,    12,    13,    14,    15,    16,
      17,    18,    19,    20,    21,    -1,    -1,    -1,    25,    24,
      -1,    -1,    27,    28,    29,    30,    31,    -1,    -1,    -1,
      37,    38,    -1,    -1,    -1,    40,    -1,    -1,    -1,    46,
      47,    48,    22,    23,    -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    55,    -1,
      30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,
      40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,
      50,    22,    23,    -1,    -1,    -1,    56,    -1,    -1,    30,
      31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,
      41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    50,
      22,    23,    -1,    -1,    -1,    56,    -1,    -1,    30,    31,
      32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,
      42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    50,    22,
      23,    -1,    -1,    -1,    56,    -1,    -1,    30,    31,    32,
      33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,
      43,    44,    45,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    50,    22,    23,
      -1,    -1,    -1,    56,    -1,    -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,
      34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,
      44,    45,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    50,    22,    23,    -1,
      -1,    -1,    56,    -1,    -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,
      35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,
      45,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    50,    22,    23,    -1,    -1,
      -1,    56,    -1,    -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,
      36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,
      -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    50,    22,    23,    -1,    -1,    -1,
      56,    -1,    -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,
      37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,
      -1,    -1,    -1,    50,    22,    23,    -1,    -1,    -1,    56,
      -1,    -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,
      38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    -1,
      -1,    -1,    50,    23,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    56,    -1,
      30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,
      40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,
      50,    23,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    56,    -1,    30,    31,
      32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,
      42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    50,    23,
      -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    56,    -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,
      34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,
      44,    45,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    50,    23,    -1,    -1,
      -1,    -1,    56,    -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,
      36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,
      -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    50,    23,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,
      56,    -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,
      38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    -1,
      -1,    -1,    50,    22,    23,    -1,    -1,    -1,    56,    -1,
      -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,
      39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    22,    23,
      -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,    54,    30,    31,    32,    33,
      34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,
      44,    45,    -1,    22,    23,    -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,
      54,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,
      39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    22,    23,
      -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,    54,    30,    31,    32,    33,
      34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,
      44,    45,    -1,    22,    23,    -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,
      54,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,
      39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    22,    23,
      -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,    54,    30,    31,    32,    33,
      34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,
      44,    45,    -1,    22,    23,    -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,
      54,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,
      39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    22,    23,
      -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,    54,    30,    31,    32,    33,
      34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,
      44,    45,    -1,    22,    23,    -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,
      54,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,
      39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    22,    23,
      -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,    54,    30,    31,    32,    33,
      34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,
      44,    45,    -1,    22,    23,    -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,
      54,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,
      39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    22,    23,
      -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,    54,    30,    31,    32,    33,
      34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,
      44,    45,    -1,    -1,    23,    -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,
      54,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,
      39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    -1,    23,
      -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,    54,    30,    31,    32,    33,
      34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,
      44,    45,    -1,    -1,    23,    -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,
      54,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,
      39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    -1,    23,
      -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,    54,    30,    31,    32,    33,
      34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,
      44,    45,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    53,
      27,    28,    29,    30,    31,    27,    28,    29,    30,    31,
      -1,    -1,    -1,    40,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    40,    -1,
      -1,    -1,    -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    50,    56,
      22,    23,    -1,    -1,    56,    -1,    -1,    -1,    30,    31,
      32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,
      42,    43,    44,    45,    22,    23,    -1,    -1,    50,    -1,
      -1,    -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,
      38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    22,    23,
      -1,    -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,
      34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,
      44,    45,    22,    23,    -1,    -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,
      30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,
      40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    22,    23,    -1,    -1,
      50,    -1,    -1,    -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,
      36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,
      22,    23,    -1,    -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    -1,    30,    31,
      32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,
      42,    43,    44,    45,    22,    23,    -1,    -1,    50,    -1,
      -1,    -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,
      38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    23,    -1,
      -1,    26,    50,    -1,    -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,
      35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,
      45,    23,    -1,    -1,    26,    50,    -1,    -1,    30,    31,
      32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,
      42,    43,    44,    45,    23,    -1,    -1,    26,    50,    -1,
      -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,
      39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    23,    -1,    -1,
      26,    50,    -1,    -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,
      36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,
      23,    24,    -1,    -1,    50,    -1,    -1,    30,    31,    32,
      33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,
      43,    44,    45,    23,    24,    -1,    -1,    50,    -1,    -1,
      30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,    39,
      40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    23,    -1,    -1,    -1,
      50,    -1,    -1,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,
      37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,
      -1,    30,    31,    50,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    -1,
      -1,    -1,    -1,    42,    43,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    30,
      31,    50,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    56,    30,    31,
      -1,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    30,    31,    -1,    33,
      34,    35,    36,    37,    -1,    56,    -1,    -1,    42,    43,
      -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    56,    -1,    50,    22,    -1,    53,
      27,    28,    29,    30,    31,    30,    31,    -1,    33,    34,
      35,    36,    37,    40,    30,    31,    -1,    33,    34,    35,
      36,    37,    -1,    50,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,
      36,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,
      -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    50,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,
      38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    -1,    -1,
      -1,    -1,    50,    37,    38,    39,    40,    41,    42,    43,
      44,    45,    -1,    -1,    -1,    -1,    50
};

/* YYSTOS[STATE-NUM] -- The symbol kind of the accessing symbol of
   state STATE-NUM.  */
static const yytype_int8 yystos[] =
{
       0,    58,     0,     1,     3,     4,     5,     6,     7,     8,
       9,    10,    11,    12,    13,    14,    15,    16,    17,    18,
      19,    20,    21,    25,    37,    38,    46,    47,    48,    53,
      55,    59,    60,    61,    62,    63,    64,    65,    53,    56,
      62,    63,    64,    65,    62,    63,    64,    65,    62,    63,
      65,     6,    56,     6,     6,    56,     6,    25,    25,    25,
      25,    62,    63,    65,    62,    62,    63,    64,    62,    63,
      62,    63,    62,    63,    64,    65,    22,    26,    22,    26,
      23,    30,    31,    32,    33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    38,
      39,    40,    41,    42,    43,    44,    45,    50,    53,    27,
      28,    29,    30,    31,    40,    50,    53,    30,    31,    33,
      34,    35,    36,    37,    42,    43,    50,    53,    30,    31,
      33,    34,    35,    36,    37,    53,    22,    56,    22,    56,
      56,    22,    56,    22,    56,    56,    56,    22,    22,    56,
      22,    22,    56,    22,    56,    62,    62,    62,    62,    56,
      56,    56,    56,    62,    63,    62,    63,    62,    62,    62,
      62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    63,
      62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    63,    65,    63,
      63,    63,    63,    62,    62,    46,    55,    64,    64,    64,
      64,    64,    64,    64,    64,    64,    62,    65,    65,    65,
      65,    65,    65,    65,    62,    62,    63,    62,    65,    62,
      65,    62,    62,    62,    62,    26,    26,    26,    26,    24,
      22,    54,    24,    24,    24,    22,    54,    64,    64,    22,
      54,    22,    56,    56,    56,    22,    56,    22,    56,    22,
      56,    22,    22,    56,    22,    62,    62,    62,    63,    62,
      63,    65,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,     6,    62,     6,
      62,    22,    54,    22,    54,    22,    54,    22,    56,    22,
      56,    22,    22,    56,    22,    22,    56,    62,    62,    62,
      62,    62,     6,     6,     6,     6,    22,    54,    22,    54,
      22,    54,    56,    22,    56,    22,    56,    56,    62,    62,
      62,    62,     6,    22,    54,    22,    54,    22,    54,    22,
      56,    56,    62,    62,    62,    62,    54,    54,    54,    22,
      62,    56
};

/* YYR1[RULE-NUM] -- Symbol kind of the left-hand side of rule RULE-NUM.  */
static const yytype_int8 yyr1[] =
{
       0,    57,    58,    58,    59,    59,    59,    59,    59,    59,
      60,    60,    61,    61,    61,    61,    62,    63,    64,    64,
      64,    64,    64,    64,    64,    64,    64,    64,    64,    64,
      64,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,
      62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,
      62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,
      62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,    62,
      62,    62,    62,    62,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,
      63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,
      63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,
      63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,
      63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,
      63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    63,    65,    65,    65,
      65,    65,    65,    65,    65,    65
};

/* YYR2[RULE-NUM] -- Number of symbols on the right-hand side of rule RULE-NUM.  */
static const yytype_int8 yyr2[] =
{
       0,     2,     0,     2,     1,     2,     2,     2,     2,     2,
       2,     3,     2,     3,     3,     3,     2,     2,     1,     1,
       4,     3,     3,     3,     4,     6,     8,    10,    12,     2,
       3,     1,     1,     1,     4,     1,     1,     3,     3,     3,
       3,     3,     3,     3,     3,     3,     2,     2,     3,     3,
       3,     5,     5,     5,     2,     3,     5,     3,     3,     3,
       5,     5,     9,     7,    11,     4,     6,     8,    10,    12,
       2,     2,     2,     2,     1,     1,     4,     3,     3,     3,
       3,     3,     3,     3,     3,     3,     3,     3,     3,     3,
       3,     3,     3,     3,     3,     3,     3,     3,     3,     3,
       5,     5,     3,     3,     3,     5,     7,    11,    15,     2,
       3,     5,     9,     2,     3,     5,     9,     3,     7,     9,
       4,     6,     8,    10,    12,     2,     3,     1,     1,     4,
       1,     3,     3,     5,     5,     7
};


enum { YYENOMEM = -2 };

#define yyerrok         (yyerrstatus = 0)
#define yyclearin       (yychar = FITS_PARSER_YYEMPTY)

#define YYACCEPT        goto yyacceptlab
#define YYABORT         goto yyabortlab
#define YYERROR         goto yyerrorlab
#define YYNOMEM         goto yyexhaustedlab


#define YYRECOVERING()  (!!yyerrstatus)

#define YYBACKUP(Token, Value)                                    \
  do                                                              \
    if (yychar == FITS_PARSER_YYEMPTY)                                        \
      {                                                           \
        yychar = (Token);                                         \
        yylval = (Value);                                         \
        YYPOPSTACK (yylen);                                       \
        yystate = *yyssp;                                         \
        goto yybackup;                                            \
      }                                                           \
    else                                                          \
      {                                                           \
        yyerror (scanner, lParse, YY_("syntax error: cannot back up")); \
        YYERROR;                                                  \
      }                                                           \
  while (0)

/* Backward compatibility with an undocumented macro.
   Use FITS_PARSER_YYerror or FITS_PARSER_YYUNDEF. */
#define YYERRCODE FITS_PARSER_YYUNDEF


/* Enable debugging if requested.  */
#if FITS_PARSER_YYDEBUG

# ifndef YYFPRINTF
#  include  /* INFRINGES ON USER NAME SPACE */
#  define YYFPRINTF fprintf
# endif

# define YYDPRINTF(Args)                        \
do {                                            \
  if (yydebug)                                  \
    YYFPRINTF Args;                             \
} while (0)




# define YY_SYMBOL_PRINT(Title, Kind, Value, Location)                    \
do {                                                                      \
  if (yydebug)                                                            \
    {                                                                     \
      YYFPRINTF (stderr, "%s ", Title);                                   \
      yy_symbol_print (stderr,                                            \
                  Kind, Value, scanner, lParse); \
      YYFPRINTF (stderr, "\n");                                           \
    }                                                                     \
} while (0)


/*-----------------------------------.
| Print this symbol's value on YYO.  |
`-----------------------------------*/

static void
yy_symbol_value_print (FILE *yyo,
                       yysymbol_kind_t yykind, YYSTYPE const * const yyvaluep, yyscan_t scanner, ParseData *lParse)
{
  FILE *yyoutput = yyo;
  YY_USE (yyoutput);
  YY_USE (scanner);
  YY_USE (lParse);
  if (!yyvaluep)
    return;
  YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_BEGIN
  YY_USE (yykind);
  YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_END
}


/*---------------------------.
| Print this symbol on YYO.  |
`---------------------------*/

static void
yy_symbol_print (FILE *yyo,
                 yysymbol_kind_t yykind, YYSTYPE const * const yyvaluep, yyscan_t scanner, ParseData *lParse)
{
  YYFPRINTF (yyo, "%s %s (",
             yykind < YYNTOKENS ? "token" : "nterm", yysymbol_name (yykind));

  yy_symbol_value_print (yyo, yykind, yyvaluep, scanner, lParse);
  YYFPRINTF (yyo, ")");
}

/*------------------------------------------------------------------.
| yy_stack_print -- Print the state stack from its BOTTOM up to its |
| TOP (included).                                                   |
`------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void
yy_stack_print (yy_state_t *yybottom, yy_state_t *yytop)
{
  YYFPRINTF (stderr, "Stack now");
  for (; yybottom <= yytop; yybottom++)
    {
      int yybot = *yybottom;
      YYFPRINTF (stderr, " %d", yybot);
    }
  YYFPRINTF (stderr, "\n");
}

# define YY_STACK_PRINT(Bottom, Top)                            \
do {                                                            \
  if (yydebug)                                                  \
    yy_stack_print ((Bottom), (Top));                           \
} while (0)


/*------------------------------------------------.
| Report that the YYRULE is going to be reduced.  |
`------------------------------------------------*/

static void
yy_reduce_print (yy_state_t *yyssp, YYSTYPE *yyvsp,
                 int yyrule, yyscan_t scanner, ParseData *lParse)
{
  int yylno = yyrline[yyrule];
  int yynrhs = yyr2[yyrule];
  int yyi;
  YYFPRINTF (stderr, "Reducing stack by rule %d (line %d):\n",
             yyrule - 1, yylno);
  /* The symbols being reduced.  */
  for (yyi = 0; yyi < yynrhs; yyi++)
    {
      YYFPRINTF (stderr, "   $%d = ", yyi + 1);
      yy_symbol_print (stderr,
                       YY_ACCESSING_SYMBOL (+yyssp[yyi + 1 - yynrhs]),
                       &yyvsp[(yyi + 1) - (yynrhs)], scanner, lParse);
      YYFPRINTF (stderr, "\n");
    }
}

# define YY_REDUCE_PRINT(Rule)          \
do {                                    \
  if (yydebug)                          \
    yy_reduce_print (yyssp, yyvsp, Rule, scanner, lParse); \
} while (0)

/* Nonzero means print parse trace.  It is left uninitialized so that
   multiple parsers can coexist.  */
int yydebug;
#else /* !FITS_PARSER_YYDEBUG */
# define YYDPRINTF(Args) ((void) 0)
# define YY_SYMBOL_PRINT(Title, Kind, Value, Location)
# define YY_STACK_PRINT(Bottom, Top)
# define YY_REDUCE_PRINT(Rule)
#endif /* !FITS_PARSER_YYDEBUG */


/* YYINITDEPTH -- initial size of the parser's stacks.  */
#ifndef YYINITDEPTH
# define YYINITDEPTH 200
#endif

/* YYMAXDEPTH -- maximum size the stacks can grow to (effective only
   if the built-in stack extension method is used).

   Do not make this value too large; the results are undefined if
   YYSTACK_ALLOC_MAXIMUM < YYSTACK_BYTES (YYMAXDEPTH)
   evaluated with infinite-precision integer arithmetic.  */

#ifndef YYMAXDEPTH
# define YYMAXDEPTH 10000
#endif






/*-----------------------------------------------.
| Release the memory associated to this symbol.  |
`-----------------------------------------------*/

static void
yydestruct (const char *yymsg,
            yysymbol_kind_t yykind, YYSTYPE *yyvaluep, yyscan_t scanner, ParseData *lParse)
{
  YY_USE (yyvaluep);
  YY_USE (scanner);
  YY_USE (lParse);
  if (!yymsg)
    yymsg = "Deleting";
  YY_SYMBOL_PRINT (yymsg, yykind, yyvaluep, yylocationp);

  YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_BEGIN
  YY_USE (yykind);
  YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_END
}






/*----------.
| yyparse.  |
`----------*/

int
yyparse (yyscan_t scanner, ParseData *lParse)
{
/* Lookahead token kind.  */
int yychar;


/* The semantic value of the lookahead symbol.  */
/* Default value used for initialization, for pacifying older GCCs
   or non-GCC compilers.  */
YY_INITIAL_VALUE (static YYSTYPE yyval_default;)
YYSTYPE yylval YY_INITIAL_VALUE (= yyval_default);

    /* Number of syntax errors so far.  */
    int yynerrs = 0;

    yy_state_fast_t yystate = 0;
    /* Number of tokens to shift before error messages enabled.  */
    int yyerrstatus = 0;

    /* Refer to the stacks through separate pointers, to allow yyoverflow
       to reallocate them elsewhere.  */

    /* Their size.  */
    YYPTRDIFF_T yystacksize = YYINITDEPTH;

    /* The state stack: array, bottom, top.  */
    yy_state_t yyssa[YYINITDEPTH];
    yy_state_t *yyss = yyssa;
    yy_state_t *yyssp = yyss;

    /* The semantic value stack: array, bottom, top.  */
    YYSTYPE yyvsa[YYINITDEPTH];
    YYSTYPE *yyvs = yyvsa;
    YYSTYPE *yyvsp = yyvs;

  int yyn;
  /* The return value of yyparse.  */
  int yyresult;
  /* Lookahead symbol kind.  */
  yysymbol_kind_t yytoken = YYSYMBOL_YYEMPTY;
  /* The variables used to return semantic value and location from the
     action routines.  */
  YYSTYPE yyval;



#define YYPOPSTACK(N)   (yyvsp -= (N), yyssp -= (N))

  /* The number of symbols on the RHS of the reduced rule.
     Keep to zero when no symbol should be popped.  */
  int yylen = 0;

  YYDPRINTF ((stderr, "Starting parse\n"));

  yychar = FITS_PARSER_YYEMPTY; /* Cause a token to be read.  */

  goto yysetstate;


/*------------------------------------------------------------.
| yynewstate -- push a new state, which is found in yystate.  |
`------------------------------------------------------------*/
yynewstate:
  /* In all cases, when you get here, the value and location stacks
     have just been pushed.  So pushing a state here evens the stacks.  */
  yyssp++;


/*--------------------------------------------------------------------.
| yysetstate -- set current state (the top of the stack) to yystate.  |
`--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
yysetstate:
  YYDPRINTF ((stderr, "Entering state %d\n", yystate));
  YY_ASSERT (0 <= yystate && yystate < YYNSTATES);
  YY_IGNORE_USELESS_CAST_BEGIN
  *yyssp = YY_CAST (yy_state_t, yystate);
  YY_IGNORE_USELESS_CAST_END
  YY_STACK_PRINT (yyss, yyssp);

  if (yyss + yystacksize - 1 <= yyssp)
#if !defined yyoverflow && !defined YYSTACK_RELOCATE
    YYNOMEM;
#else
    {
      /* Get the current used size of the three stacks, in elements.  */
      YYPTRDIFF_T yysize = yyssp - yyss + 1;

# if defined yyoverflow
      {
        /* Give user a chance to reallocate the stack.  Use copies of
           these so that the &'s don't force the real ones into
           memory.  */
        yy_state_t *yyss1 = yyss;
        YYSTYPE *yyvs1 = yyvs;

        /* Each stack pointer address is followed by the size of the
           data in use in that stack, in bytes.  This used to be a
           conditional around just the two extra args, but that might
           be undefined if yyoverflow is a macro.  */
        yyoverflow (YY_("memory exhausted"),
                    &yyss1, yysize * YYSIZEOF (*yyssp),
                    &yyvs1, yysize * YYSIZEOF (*yyvsp),
                    &yystacksize);
        yyss = yyss1;
        yyvs = yyvs1;
      }
# else /* defined YYSTACK_RELOCATE */
      /* Extend the stack our own way.  */
      if (YYMAXDEPTH <= yystacksize)
        YYNOMEM;
      yystacksize *= 2;
      if (YYMAXDEPTH < yystacksize)
        yystacksize = YYMAXDEPTH;

      {
        yy_state_t *yyss1 = yyss;
        union yyalloc *yyptr =
          YY_CAST (union yyalloc *,
                   YYSTACK_ALLOC (YY_CAST (YYSIZE_T, YYSTACK_BYTES (yystacksize))));
        if (! yyptr)
          YYNOMEM;
        YYSTACK_RELOCATE (yyss_alloc, yyss);
        YYSTACK_RELOCATE (yyvs_alloc, yyvs);
#  undef YYSTACK_RELOCATE
        if (yyss1 != yyssa)
          YYSTACK_FREE (yyss1);
      }
# endif

      yyssp = yyss + yysize - 1;
      yyvsp = yyvs + yysize - 1;

      YY_IGNORE_USELESS_CAST_BEGIN
      YYDPRINTF ((stderr, "Stack size increased to %ld\n",
                  YY_CAST (long, yystacksize)));
      YY_IGNORE_USELESS_CAST_END

      if (yyss + yystacksize - 1 <= yyssp)
        YYABORT;
    }
#endif /* !defined yyoverflow && !defined YYSTACK_RELOCATE */


  if (yystate == YYFINAL)
    YYACCEPT;

  goto yybackup;


/*-----------.
| yybackup.  |
`-----------*/
yybackup:
  /* Do appropriate processing given the current state.  Read a
     lookahead token if we need one and don't already have one.  */

  /* First try to decide what to do without reference to lookahead token.  */
  yyn = yypact[yystate];
  if (yypact_value_is_default (yyn))
    goto yydefault;

  /* Not known => get a lookahead token if don't already have one.  */

  /* YYCHAR is either empty, or end-of-input, or a valid lookahead.  */
  if (yychar == FITS_PARSER_YYEMPTY)
    {
      YYDPRINTF ((stderr, "Reading a token\n"));
      yychar = yylex (&yylval, scanner);
    }

  if (yychar <= FITS_PARSER_YYEOF)
    {
      yychar = FITS_PARSER_YYEOF;
      yytoken = YYSYMBOL_YYEOF;
      YYDPRINTF ((stderr, "Now at end of input.\n"));
    }
  else if (yychar == FITS_PARSER_YYerror)
    {
      /* The scanner already issued an error message, process directly
         to error recovery.  But do not keep the error token as
         lookahead, it is too special and may lead us to an endless
         loop in error recovery. */
      yychar = FITS_PARSER_YYUNDEF;
      yytoken = YYSYMBOL_YYerror;
      goto yyerrlab1;
    }
  else
    {
      yytoken = YYTRANSLATE (yychar);
      YY_SYMBOL_PRINT ("Next token is", yytoken, &yylval, &yylloc);
    }

  /* If the proper action on seeing token YYTOKEN is to reduce or to
     detect an error, take that action.  */
  yyn += yytoken;
  if (yyn < 0 || YYLAST < yyn || yycheck[yyn] != yytoken)
    goto yydefault;
  yyn = yytable[yyn];
  if (yyn <= 0)
    {
      if (yytable_value_is_error (yyn))
        goto yyerrlab;
      yyn = -yyn;
      goto yyreduce;
    }

  /* Count tokens shifted since error; after three, turn off error
     status.  */
  if (yyerrstatus)
    yyerrstatus--;

  /* Shift the lookahead token.  */
  YY_SYMBOL_PRINT ("Shifting", yytoken, &yylval, &yylloc);
  yystate = yyn;
  YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_BEGIN
  *++yyvsp = yylval;
  YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_END

  /* Discard the shifted token.  */
  yychar = FITS_PARSER_YYEMPTY;
  goto yynewstate;


/*-----------------------------------------------------------.
| yydefault -- do the default action for the current state.  |
`-----------------------------------------------------------*/
yydefault:
  yyn = yydefact[yystate];
  if (yyn == 0)
    goto yyerrlab;
  goto yyreduce;


/*-----------------------------.
| yyreduce -- do a reduction.  |
`-----------------------------*/
yyreduce:
  /* yyn is the number of a rule to reduce with.  */
  yylen = yyr2[yyn];

  /* If YYLEN is nonzero, implement the default value of the action:
     '$$ = $1'.

     Otherwise, the following line sets YYVAL to garbage.
     This behavior is undocumented and Bison
     users should not rely upon it.  Assigning to YYVAL
     unconditionally makes the parser a bit smaller, and it avoids a
     GCC warning that YYVAL may be used uninitialized.  */
  yyval = yyvsp[1-yylen];


  YY_REDUCE_PRINT (yyn);
  switch (yyn)
    {
  case 4: /* line: '\n'  */
#line 270 "eval.y"
                     {}
#line 1821 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 5: /* line: expr '\n'  */
#line 272 "eval.y"
                { if( (yyvsp[-1].Node)<0 ) {
		     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Couldn't build node structure: out of memory?");
		     YYERROR;  }
                  lParse->resultNode = (yyvsp[-1].Node);
		}
#line 1831 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 6: /* line: bexpr '\n'  */
#line 278 "eval.y"
                { if( (yyvsp[-1].Node)<0 ) {
		     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Couldn't build node structure: out of memory?");
		     YYERROR;  }
                  lParse->resultNode = (yyvsp[-1].Node);
		}
#line 1841 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 7: /* line: sexpr '\n'  */
#line 284 "eval.y"
                { if( (yyvsp[-1].Node)<0 ) {
		     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Couldn't build node structure: out of memory?");
		     YYERROR;  } 
                  lParse->resultNode = (yyvsp[-1].Node);
		}
#line 1851 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 8: /* line: bits '\n'  */
#line 290 "eval.y"
                { if( (yyvsp[-1].Node)<0 ) {
		     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Couldn't build node structure: out of memory?");
		     YYERROR;  }
                  lParse->resultNode = (yyvsp[-1].Node);
		}
#line 1861 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 9: /* line: error '\n'  */
#line 295 "eval.y"
                     {  yyerrok;  }
#line 1867 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 10: /* bvector: '{' bexpr  */
#line 299 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_Vector(lParse,  (yyvsp[0].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node)); }
#line 1873 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 11: /* bvector: bvector ',' bexpr  */
#line 301 "eval.y"
                {
                  if( lParse->Nodes[(yyvsp[-2].Node)].nSubNodes >= MAXSUBS ) {
		     (yyvsp[-2].Node) = Close_Vec(lParse,  (yyvsp[-2].Node) ); TEST((yyvsp[-2].Node));
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Vector(lParse,  (yyvsp[-2].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node));
                  } else {
                     (yyval.Node) = (yyvsp[-2].Node);
                  }
		  lParse->Nodes[(yyval.Node)].SubNodes[ lParse->Nodes[(yyval.Node)].nSubNodes++ ]
		     = (yyvsp[0].Node);
                }
#line 1888 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 12: /* vector: '{' expr  */
#line 314 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_Vector(lParse,  (yyvsp[0].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node)); }
#line 1894 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 13: /* vector: vector ',' expr  */
#line 316 "eval.y"
                {
                  if( TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)) < TYPE((yyvsp[0].Node)) )
                     TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)) = TYPE((yyvsp[0].Node));
                  if( lParse->Nodes[(yyvsp[-2].Node)].nSubNodes >= MAXSUBS ) {
		     (yyvsp[-2].Node) = Close_Vec(lParse,  (yyvsp[-2].Node) ); TEST((yyvsp[-2].Node));
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Vector(lParse,  (yyvsp[-2].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node));
                  } else {
                     (yyval.Node) = (yyvsp[-2].Node);
                  }
		  lParse->Nodes[(yyval.Node)].SubNodes[ lParse->Nodes[(yyval.Node)].nSubNodes++ ]
		     = (yyvsp[0].Node);
                }
#line 1911 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 14: /* vector: vector ',' bexpr  */
#line 329 "eval.y"
                {
                  if( lParse->Nodes[(yyvsp[-2].Node)].nSubNodes >= MAXSUBS ) {
		     (yyvsp[-2].Node) = Close_Vec(lParse,  (yyvsp[-2].Node) ); TEST((yyvsp[-2].Node));
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Vector(lParse,  (yyvsp[-2].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node));
                  } else {
                     (yyval.Node) = (yyvsp[-2].Node);
                  }
		  lParse->Nodes[(yyval.Node)].SubNodes[ lParse->Nodes[(yyval.Node)].nSubNodes++ ]
		     = (yyvsp[0].Node);
                }
#line 1926 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 15: /* vector: bvector ',' expr  */
#line 340 "eval.y"
                {
                  TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)) = TYPE((yyvsp[0].Node));
                  if( lParse->Nodes[(yyvsp[-2].Node)].nSubNodes >= MAXSUBS ) {
		     (yyvsp[-2].Node) = Close_Vec(lParse,  (yyvsp[-2].Node) ); TEST((yyvsp[-2].Node));
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Vector(lParse,  (yyvsp[-2].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node));
                  } else {
                     (yyval.Node) = (yyvsp[-2].Node);
                  }
		  lParse->Nodes[(yyval.Node)].SubNodes[ lParse->Nodes[(yyval.Node)].nSubNodes++ ]
		     = (yyvsp[0].Node);
                }
#line 1942 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 16: /* expr: vector '}'  */
#line 354 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = Close_Vec(lParse,  (yyvsp[-1].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node)); }
#line 1948 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 17: /* bexpr: bvector '}'  */
#line 358 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = Close_Vec(lParse,  (yyvsp[-1].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node)); }
#line 1954 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 18: /* bits: BITSTR  */
#line 362 "eval.y"
                {
                  (yyval.Node) = New_Const(lParse,  BITSTR, (yyvsp[0].str), strlen((yyvsp[0].str))+1 ); TEST((yyval.Node));
		  SIZE((yyval.Node)) = strlen((yyvsp[0].str)); }
#line 1962 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 19: /* bits: BITCOL  */
#line 366 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_Column(lParse,  (yyvsp[0].lng) ); TEST((yyval.Node)); }
#line 1968 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 20: /* bits: BITCOL '{' expr '}'  */
#line 368 "eval.y"
                {
                  if( TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) != LONG
		      || OPER((yyvsp[-1].Node)) != CONST_OP ) {
		     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Offset argument must be a constant integer");
		     YYERROR;
		  }
                  (yyval.Node) = New_Offset(lParse,  (yyvsp[-3].lng), (yyvsp[-1].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node));
                }
#line 1981 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 21: /* bits: bits '&' bits  */
#line 377 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  BITSTR, (yyvsp[-2].Node), '&', (yyvsp[0].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node));
                  SIZE((yyval.Node)) = ( SIZE((yyvsp[-2].Node))>SIZE((yyvsp[0].Node)) ? SIZE((yyvsp[-2].Node)) : SIZE((yyvsp[0].Node)) );  }
#line 1988 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 22: /* bits: bits '|' bits  */
#line 380 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  BITSTR, (yyvsp[-2].Node), '|', (yyvsp[0].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node));
                  SIZE((yyval.Node)) = ( SIZE((yyvsp[-2].Node))>SIZE((yyvsp[0].Node)) ? SIZE((yyvsp[-2].Node)) : SIZE((yyvsp[0].Node)) );  }
#line 1995 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 23: /* bits: bits '+' bits  */
#line 383 "eval.y"
                { 
		  if (SIZE((yyvsp[-2].Node))+SIZE((yyvsp[0].Node)) >= MAX_STRLEN) {
		    yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Combined bit string size exceeds " MAX_STRLEN_S " bits");
		    YYERROR;
		  }
		  (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  BITSTR, (yyvsp[-2].Node), '+', (yyvsp[0].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node));
                  SIZE((yyval.Node)) = SIZE((yyvsp[-2].Node)) + SIZE((yyvsp[0].Node)); 
		}
#line 2008 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 24: /* bits: bits '[' expr ']'  */
#line 392 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_Deref(lParse,  (yyvsp[-3].Node), 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node),  0,  0,  0,   0 ); TEST((yyval.Node)); }
#line 2014 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 25: /* bits: bits '[' expr ',' expr ']'  */
#line 394 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_Deref(lParse,  (yyvsp[-5].Node), 2, (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node),  0,  0,   0 ); TEST((yyval.Node)); }
#line 2020 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 26: /* bits: bits '[' expr ',' expr ',' expr ']'  */
#line 396 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_Deref(lParse,  (yyvsp[-7].Node), 3, (yyvsp[-5].Node), (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node),  0,   0 ); TEST((yyval.Node)); }
#line 2026 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 27: /* bits: bits '[' expr ',' expr ',' expr ',' expr ']'  */
#line 398 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_Deref(lParse,  (yyvsp[-9].Node), 4, (yyvsp[-7].Node), (yyvsp[-5].Node), (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node),   0 ); TEST((yyval.Node)); }
#line 2032 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 28: /* bits: bits '[' expr ',' expr ',' expr ',' expr ',' expr ']'  */
#line 400 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_Deref(lParse,  (yyvsp[-11].Node), 5, (yyvsp[-9].Node), (yyvsp[-7].Node), (yyvsp[-5].Node), (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node)); }
#line 2038 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 29: /* bits: NOT bits  */
#line 402 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_Unary(lParse,  BITSTR, NOT, (yyvsp[0].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node));     }
#line 2044 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 30: /* bits: '(' bits ')'  */
#line 405 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = (yyvsp[-1].Node); }
#line 2050 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 31: /* expr: LONG  */
#line 409 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_Const(lParse,  LONG,   &((yyvsp[0].lng)), sizeof(long)   ); TEST((yyval.Node)); }
#line 2056 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 32: /* expr: DOUBLE  */
#line 411 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_Const(lParse,  DOUBLE, &((yyvsp[0].dbl)), sizeof(double) ); TEST((yyval.Node)); }
#line 2062 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 33: /* expr: COLUMN  */
#line 413 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_Column(lParse,  (yyvsp[0].lng) ); TEST((yyval.Node)); }
#line 2068 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 34: /* expr: COLUMN '{' expr '}'  */
#line 415 "eval.y"
                {
                  if( TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) != LONG
		      || OPER((yyvsp[-1].Node)) != CONST_OP ) {
		     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Offset argument must be a constant integer");
		     YYERROR;
		  }
                  (yyval.Node) = New_Offset(lParse,  (yyvsp[-3].lng), (yyvsp[-1].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node));
                }
#line 2081 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 35: /* expr: ROWREF  */
#line 424 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  LONG, row_fct,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ); }
#line 2087 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 36: /* expr: NULLREF  */
#line 426 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  LONG, null_fct, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ); }
#line 2093 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 37: /* expr: expr '%' expr  */
#line 428 "eval.y"
                { PROMOTE((yyvsp[-2].Node),(yyvsp[0].Node)); (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)), (yyvsp[-2].Node), '%', (yyvsp[0].Node) );
		  TEST((yyval.Node));                                                }
#line 2100 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 38: /* expr: expr '+' expr  */
#line 431 "eval.y"
                { PROMOTE((yyvsp[-2].Node),(yyvsp[0].Node)); (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)), (yyvsp[-2].Node), '+', (yyvsp[0].Node) );
		  TEST((yyval.Node));                                                }
#line 2107 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 39: /* expr: expr '-' expr  */
#line 434 "eval.y"
                { PROMOTE((yyvsp[-2].Node),(yyvsp[0].Node)); (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)), (yyvsp[-2].Node), '-', (yyvsp[0].Node) ); 
		  TEST((yyval.Node));                                                }
#line 2114 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 40: /* expr: expr '*' expr  */
#line 437 "eval.y"
                { PROMOTE((yyvsp[-2].Node),(yyvsp[0].Node)); (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)), (yyvsp[-2].Node), '*', (yyvsp[0].Node) ); 
		  TEST((yyval.Node));                                                }
#line 2121 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 41: /* expr: expr '/' expr  */
#line 440 "eval.y"
                { PROMOTE((yyvsp[-2].Node),(yyvsp[0].Node)); (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)), (yyvsp[-2].Node), '/', (yyvsp[0].Node) ); 
		  TEST((yyval.Node));                                                }
#line 2128 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 42: /* expr: expr '&' expr  */
#line 443 "eval.y"
                { 
                   if (TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)) != LONG ||
		       TYPE((yyvsp[0].Node)) != LONG) {
                     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Bitwise operations with incompatible types; only (bit OP bit) and (int OP int) are allowed");
                      YYERROR;
                   }
                   (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)), (yyvsp[-2].Node), '&', (yyvsp[0].Node) );
                }
#line 2141 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 43: /* expr: expr '|' expr  */
#line 452 "eval.y"
                { 
                   if (TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)) != LONG ||
		       TYPE((yyvsp[0].Node)) != LONG) {
                     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Bitwise operations with incompatible types; only (bit OP bit) and (int OP int) are allowed");
                      YYERROR;
                   }
                   (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)), (yyvsp[-2].Node), '|', (yyvsp[0].Node) );
                }
#line 2154 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 44: /* expr: expr XOR expr  */
#line 461 "eval.y"
                { 
                   if (TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)) != LONG ||
		       TYPE((yyvsp[0].Node)) != LONG) {
                     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Bitwise operations with incompatible types; only (bit OP bit) and (int OP int) are allowed");
                      YYERROR;
                   }
                   (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)), (yyvsp[-2].Node), '^', (yyvsp[0].Node) );
                }
#line 2167 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 45: /* expr: expr POWER expr  */
#line 470 "eval.y"
                { PROMOTE((yyvsp[-2].Node),(yyvsp[0].Node)); (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)), (yyvsp[-2].Node), POWER, (yyvsp[0].Node) );
		  TEST((yyval.Node));                                                }
#line 2174 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 46: /* expr: '+' expr  */
#line 473 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = (yyvsp[0].Node); }
#line 2180 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 47: /* expr: '-' expr  */
#line 475 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = New_Unary(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[0].Node)), UMINUS, (yyvsp[0].Node) ); TEST((yyval.Node)); }
#line 2186 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 48: /* expr: '(' expr ')'  */
#line 477 "eval.y"
                { (yyval.Node) = (yyvsp[-1].Node); }
#line 2192 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 49: /* expr: expr '*' bexpr  */
#line 479 "eval.y"
                { (yyvsp[0].Node) = New_Unary(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)), 0, (yyvsp[0].Node) );
                  (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-2].Node)), (yyvsp[-2].Node), '*', (yyvsp[0].Node) ); 
		  TEST((yyval.Node));                                }
#line 2200 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 50: /* expr: bexpr '*' expr  */
#line 483 "eval.y"
                { (yyvsp[-2].Node) = New_Unary(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[0].Node)), 0, (yyvsp[-2].Node) );
                  (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[0].Node)), (yyvsp[-2].Node), '*', (yyvsp[0].Node) );
                  TEST((yyval.Node));                                }
#line 2208 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 51: /* expr: bexpr '?' expr ':' expr  */
#line 487 "eval.y"
                {
                  PROMOTE((yyvsp[-2].Node),(yyvsp[0].Node));
                  if( ! Test_Dims( lParse, (yyvsp[-2].Node),(yyvsp[0].Node)) ) {
                     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Incompatible dimensions in '?:' arguments");
		     YYERROR;
                  }
                  (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, ifthenelse_fct, 3, (yyvsp[-2].Node), (yyvsp[0].Node), (yyvsp[-4].Node),
                                 0, 0, 0, 0 );
                  TEST((yyval.Node));
                  if( SIZE((yyvsp[-2].Node))Nodes[(yyvsp[-1].Node)].value.data.lng);
		       naxis = lParse->Nodes[(yyvsp[-3].Node)].value.naxis;

		       if (iaxis == 0)          iaxis = naxis;   /* NAXIS(V,0) = NAXIS */
		       else if (iaxis <= naxis) iaxis = lParse->Nodes[(yyvsp[-3].Node)].value.naxes[iaxis-1]; /* NAXIS(V,n) = NAXISn */
		       else                     iaxis = 1;       /* Out of bounds use 1 */

		       (yyval.Node) = New_Const(lParse,  LONG, &iaxis, sizeof(iaxis) );
		       TEST((yyval.Node));
		     }
		   } else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-4].str),"ARRAY(") == 0) {  /* NAXES(bexpr,n) */
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Array(lParse, (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node));
		     TEST((yyval.Node));
		  } else {
                     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Function(bool,expr) not supported");
		     YYERROR;
		  }
                  TEST((yyval.Node)); 
		}
#line 2363 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 57: /* expr: FUNCTION sexpr ')'  */
#line 618 "eval.y"
                { if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"NELEM(") == 0) {
                     (yyval.Node) = New_Const(lParse,  LONG, &( SIZE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) ), sizeof(long) );
		  } else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"NVALID(") == 0) {
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  LONG, nonnull_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node),
				    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		  } else {
                     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Function(str) not supported");
		     YYERROR;
		  }
                  TEST((yyval.Node)); 
		}
#line 2379 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 58: /* expr: FUNCTION bits ')'  */
#line 630 "eval.y"
                { if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"NELEM(") == 0) {
                     (yyval.Node) = New_Const(lParse,  LONG, &( SIZE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) ), sizeof(long) );
		} else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"NVALID(") == 0) { /* Bit arrays do not have NULL */
                     (yyval.Node) = New_Const(lParse,  LONG, &( SIZE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) ), sizeof(long) );
		} else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"SUM(") == 0) {
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  LONG, sum_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node),
				    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		} else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"MIN(") == 0) {
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)),  /* Force 1D result */
				    min1_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     /* Note: $2 is a vector so the result can never
		        be a constant.  Therefore it will never be set
		        inside New_Func(), and it is safe to set SIZE() */
		     SIZE((yyval.Node)) = 1;
		} else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"ACCUM(") == 0) {
		    long zero = 0;
		    (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  LONG , (yyvsp[-1].Node), ACCUM, New_Const(lParse,  LONG, &zero, sizeof(zero) ));
		} else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"MAX(") == 0) {
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)),  /* Force 1D result */
				    max1_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     /* Note: $2 is a vector so the result can never
		        be a constant.  Therefore it will never be set
		        inside New_Func(), and it is safe to set SIZE() */
		     SIZE((yyval.Node)) = 1;
		} else {
                     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Function(bits) not supported");
		     YYERROR;
		  }
                  TEST((yyval.Node)); 
		}
#line 2414 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 59: /* expr: FUNCTION expr ')'  */
#line 661 "eval.y"
                { if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"SUM(") == 0)
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)), sum_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node),
				    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		  else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"AVERAGE(") == 0)
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  DOUBLE, average_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node),
				    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		  else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"STDDEV(") == 0)
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  DOUBLE, stddev_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node),
				    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		  else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"MEDIAN(") == 0)
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)), median_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node),
				    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		  else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"NELEM(") == 0)
                     (yyval.Node) = New_Const(lParse,  LONG, &( SIZE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) ), sizeof(long) );
		  else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"NVALID(") == 0)
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  LONG, nonnull_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node),
				    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		  else if   ((FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"ACCUM(") == 0) && (TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) == LONG)) {
		    long zero = 0;
		    (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  LONG ,   (yyvsp[-1].Node), ACCUM, New_Const(lParse,  LONG,   &zero, sizeof(zero) ));
		  } else if ((FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"ACCUM(") == 0) && (TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) == DOUBLE)) {
		    double zero = 0;
		    (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  DOUBLE , (yyvsp[-1].Node), ACCUM, New_Const(lParse,  DOUBLE, &zero, sizeof(zero) ));
		  } else if ((FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"SEQDIFF(") == 0) && (TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) == LONG)) {
		    long zero = 0;
		    (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  LONG ,   (yyvsp[-1].Node), DIFF, New_Const(lParse,  LONG,   &zero, sizeof(zero) ));
		  } else if ((FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"SEQDIFF(") == 0) && (TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) == DOUBLE)) {
		    double zero = 0;
		    (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  DOUBLE , (yyvsp[-1].Node), DIFF, New_Const(lParse,  DOUBLE, &zero, sizeof(zero) ));
		  } else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"ABS(") == 0)
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, abs_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
 		  else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"MIN(") == 0)
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)),  /* Force 1D result */
				    min1_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		  else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"MAX(") == 0)
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)),  /* Force 1D result */
				    max1_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		  else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"RANDOM(") == 0) { /* Vector RANDOM() */
                     (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, rnd_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     TEST((yyval.Node));
		     TYPE((yyval.Node)) = DOUBLE;
		  } else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"RANDOMN(") == 0) {
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, gasrnd_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     TEST((yyval.Node));
		     TYPE((yyval.Node)) = DOUBLE;
		  } else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"ELEMENTNUM(") == 0) {
		     if (OPER((yyvsp[-1].Node)) == CONST_OP) {
		       long one = 1;
		       (yyval.Node) = New_Const(lParse,  LONG, &one, sizeof(one) );
		     } else {
		       (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, elemnum_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		       TEST((yyval.Node));
		       TYPE((yyval.Node)) = LONG;
		     }
		  } else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"NAXIS(") == 0) {  /* NAXIS(V) */
		     if (OPER((yyvsp[-1].Node)) == CONST_OP) { /* if V is constant, return 1 in every case */
		       long one = 1;
		       (yyval.Node) = New_Const(lParse,  LONG, &one, sizeof(one) );
		     } else {                    /* determine now the dimension of the expression */
		       long naxis = lParse->Nodes[(yyvsp[-1].Node)].value.naxis;

		       (yyval.Node) = New_Const(lParse,  LONG, &naxis, sizeof(naxis) );
		       TEST((yyval.Node));
		     }
                  } 
  		  else {  /*  These all take DOUBLE arguments  */
		     if( TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) != DOUBLE ) (yyvsp[-1].Node) = New_Unary(lParse,  DOUBLE, 0, (yyvsp[-1].Node) );
                     if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"SIN(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, sin_fct,  1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"COS(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, cos_fct,  1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"TAN(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, tan_fct,  1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"ARCSIN(") == 0
			      || FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"ASIN(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, asin_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"ARCCOS(") == 0
			      || FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"ACOS(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, acos_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"ARCTAN(") == 0
			      || FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"ATAN(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, atan_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"SINH(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, sinh_fct,  1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"COSH(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, cosh_fct,  1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"TANH(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, tanh_fct,  1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"EXP(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, exp_fct,  1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"LOG(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, log_fct,  1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"LOG10(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, log10_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"SQRT(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, sqrt_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"ROUND(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, round_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"FLOOR(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, floor_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"CEIL(") == 0)
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, ceil_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-2].str),"RANDOMP(") == 0) {
		       (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, poirnd_fct, 1, (yyvsp[-1].Node), 
				      0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
		       TYPE((yyval.Node)) = LONG;
		     } else {
			yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Function(expr) not supported");
			YYERROR;
		     }
		  }
                  TEST((yyval.Node)); 
                }
#line 2532 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 60: /* expr: IFUNCTION sexpr ',' sexpr ')'  */
#line 775 "eval.y"
                { 
		  if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-4].str),"STRSTR(") == 0) {
		    (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  LONG, strpos_fct, 2, (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 
				   0, 0, 0, 0 );
		    TEST((yyval.Node));
		  }
                }
#line 2544 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 61: /* expr: FUNCTION expr ',' expr ')'  */
#line 783 "eval.y"
                { 
		   if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-4].str),"DEFNULL(") == 0) {
		      if( SIZE((yyvsp[-3].Node))>=SIZE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) && Test_Dims( lParse,  (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node) ) ) {
			 PROMOTE((yyvsp[-3].Node),(yyvsp[-1].Node));
			 (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, defnull_fct, 2, (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0,
					0, 0, 0, 0 );
			 TEST((yyval.Node)); 
		      } else {
			 yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Dimensions of DEFNULL arguments "
				 "are not compatible");
			 YYERROR;
		      }
		   } else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-4].str),"ARCTAN2(") == 0) {
		     if( TYPE((yyvsp[-3].Node)) != DOUBLE ) (yyvsp[-3].Node) = New_Unary(lParse,  DOUBLE, 0, (yyvsp[-3].Node) );
		     if( TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) != DOUBLE ) (yyvsp[-1].Node) = New_Unary(lParse,  DOUBLE, 0, (yyvsp[-1].Node) );
		     if( Test_Dims( lParse,  (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node) ) ) {
			(yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, atan2_fct, 2, (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
			TEST((yyval.Node)); 
			if( SIZE((yyvsp[-3].Node))Nodes[(yyvsp[-1].Node)].value.data.lng);
		       naxis = lParse->Nodes[(yyvsp[-3].Node)].value.naxis;

		       if (iaxis == 0)          iaxis = naxis;   /* NAXIS(V,0) = NAXIS */
		       else if (iaxis <= naxis) iaxis = lParse->Nodes[(yyvsp[-3].Node)].value.naxes[iaxis-1]; /* NAXIS(V,n) = NAXISn */
		       else                     iaxis = 1;       /* Out of bounds use 1 */

		       (yyval.Node) = New_Const(lParse,  LONG, &iaxis, sizeof(iaxis) );
		       TEST((yyval.Node));
		     }
		   } else if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-4].str),"ARRAY(") == 0) {  /* NAXES(expr,n) */
		     (yyval.Node) = New_Array(lParse, (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node));
		     TEST((yyval.Node));
		   } else {
		      yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Function(expr,expr) not supported");
		      YYERROR;
		   }
                }
#line 2651 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 62: /* expr: FUNCTION expr ',' expr ',' expr ',' expr ')'  */
#line 886 "eval.y"
                { 
		  if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-8].str),"ANGSEP(") == 0) {
		    if( TYPE((yyvsp[-7].Node)) != DOUBLE ) (yyvsp[-7].Node) = New_Unary(lParse,  DOUBLE, 0, (yyvsp[-7].Node) );
		    if( TYPE((yyvsp[-5].Node)) != DOUBLE ) (yyvsp[-5].Node) = New_Unary(lParse,  DOUBLE, 0, (yyvsp[-5].Node) );
		    if( TYPE((yyvsp[-3].Node)) != DOUBLE ) (yyvsp[-3].Node) = New_Unary(lParse,  DOUBLE, 0, (yyvsp[-3].Node) );
		    if( TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) != DOUBLE ) (yyvsp[-1].Node) = New_Unary(lParse,  DOUBLE, 0, (yyvsp[-1].Node) );
		    if( Test_Dims( lParse,  (yyvsp[-7].Node), (yyvsp[-5].Node) ) && Test_Dims( lParse,  (yyvsp[-5].Node), (yyvsp[-3].Node) ) && 
			Test_Dims( lParse,  (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node) ) ) {
		      (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, angsep_fct, 4, (yyvsp[-7].Node), (yyvsp[-5].Node), (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node),0,0,0 );
		      TEST((yyval.Node)); 
		      if( SIZE((yyvsp[-7].Node))=SIZE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) && Test_Dims( lParse,  (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node) ) ) {
			 (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  0, defnull_fct, 2, (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0,
					0, 0, 0, 0 );
			 TEST((yyval.Node)); 
		      } else {
			 yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Dimensions of DEFNULL arguments are not compatible");
			 YYERROR;
		      }
		   } else {
		      yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Boolean Function(expr,expr) not supported");
		      YYERROR;
		   }
		}
#line 3028 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 106: /* bexpr: BFUNCTION expr ',' expr ',' expr ')'  */
#line 1095 "eval.y"
                {
		   if( TYPE((yyvsp[-5].Node)) != DOUBLE ) (yyvsp[-5].Node) = New_Unary(lParse,  DOUBLE, 0, (yyvsp[-5].Node) );
		   if( TYPE((yyvsp[-3].Node)) != DOUBLE ) (yyvsp[-3].Node) = New_Unary(lParse,  DOUBLE, 0, (yyvsp[-3].Node) );
		   if( TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) != DOUBLE ) (yyvsp[-1].Node) = New_Unary(lParse,  DOUBLE, 0, (yyvsp[-1].Node) );
		   if( ! (Test_Dims( lParse,  (yyvsp[-5].Node), (yyvsp[-3].Node) ) && Test_Dims( lParse,  (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node) ) ) ) {
		       yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Dimensions of NEAR arguments "
			       "are not compatible");
		       YYERROR;
		   } else {
		     if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-6].str),"NEAR(") == 0) {
		       (yyval.Node) = New_Func(lParse,  BOOLEAN, near_fct, 3, (yyvsp[-5].Node), (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node),
				      0, 0, 0, 0 );
		     } else {
		       yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Boolean Function not supported");
		       YYERROR;
		     }
		     TEST((yyval.Node)); 

		     if( SIZE((yyval.Node))= MAX_STRLEN) {
		    yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Combined string size exceeds " MAX_STRLEN_S " characters");
		    YYERROR;
		  }
		  (yyval.Node) = New_BinOp(lParse,  STRING, (yyvsp[-2].Node), '+', (yyvsp[0].Node) );  TEST((yyval.Node));
		  SIZE((yyval.Node)) = SIZE((yyvsp[-2].Node)) + SIZE((yyvsp[0].Node));
		}
#line 3303 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 133: /* sexpr: bexpr '?' sexpr ':' sexpr  */
#line 1271 "eval.y"
                {
		  int outSize;
                  if( SIZE((yyvsp[-4].Node))!=1 ) {
                     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Cannot have a vector string column");
		     YYERROR;
                  }
		  /* Since the output can be calculated now, as a constant
		     scalar, we must precalculate the output size, in
		     order to avoid an overflow. */
		  outSize = SIZE((yyvsp[-2].Node));
		  if (SIZE((yyvsp[0].Node)) > outSize) outSize = SIZE((yyvsp[0].Node));
                  (yyval.Node) = New_FuncSize(lParse,  0, ifthenelse_fct, 3, (yyvsp[-2].Node), (yyvsp[0].Node), (yyvsp[-4].Node),
				     0, 0, 0, 0, outSize);
		  
                  TEST((yyval.Node));
                  if( SIZE((yyvsp[-2].Node)) outSize) outSize = SIZE((yyvsp[-1].Node));
		     
		     (yyval.Node) = New_FuncSize(lParse,  0, defnull_fct, 2, (yyvsp[-3].Node), (yyvsp[-1].Node), 0,
					0, 0, 0, 0, outSize );
		     TEST((yyval.Node)); 
		     if( SIZE((yyvsp[-1].Node))>SIZE((yyvsp[-3].Node)) ) SIZE((yyval.Node)) = SIZE((yyvsp[-1].Node));
		  } else {
		     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Function(string,string) not supported");
		     YYERROR;
		  }
		}
#line 3348 "eval_y.c"
    break;

  case 135: /* sexpr: FUNCTION sexpr ',' expr ',' expr ')'  */
#line 1309 "eval.y"
                { 
		  if (FSTRCMP((yyvsp[-6].str),"STRMID(") == 0) {
		    int len;
		    if( TYPE((yyvsp[-3].Node)) != LONG || SIZE((yyvsp[-3].Node)) != 1 ||
			TYPE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) != LONG || SIZE((yyvsp[-1].Node)) != 1) {
		      yyerror(scanner, lParse, "When using STRMID(S,P,N), P and N must be integers (and not vector columns)");
		      YYERROR;
		    }
		    if (OPER((yyvsp[-1].Node)) == CONST_OP) {
		      /* Constant value: use that directly */
		      len = (lParse->Nodes[(yyvsp[-1].Node)].value.data.lng);
		    } else {
		      /* Variable value: use the maximum possible (from $2) */
		      len = SIZE((yyvsp[-5].Node));
		    }
		    if (len <= 0 || len >= MAX_STRLEN) {
		      yyerror(scanner, lParse, "STRMID(S,P,N), N must be 1-" MAX_STRLEN_S);
		      YYERROR;
		    }
		    (yyval.Node) = New_FuncSize(lParse,  0, strmid_fct, 3, (yyvsp[-5].Node), (yyvsp[-3].Node),(yyvsp[-1].Node),0,0,0,0,len);
		    TEST((yyval.Node));
		  } else {
		     yyerror(scanner, lParse, "Function(string,expr,expr) not supported");
		     YYERROR;
		  }
		}
#line 3379 "eval_y.c"
    break;


#line 3383 "eval_y.c"

      default: break;
    }
  /* User semantic actions sometimes alter yychar, and that requires
     that yytoken be updated with the new translation.  We take the
     approach of translating immediately before every use of yytoken.
     One alternative is translating here after every semantic action,
     but that translation would be missed if the semantic action invokes
     YYABORT, YYACCEPT, or YYERROR immediately after altering yychar or
     if it invokes YYBACKUP.  In the case of YYABORT or YYACCEPT, an
     incorrect destructor might then be invoked immediately.  In the
     case of YYERROR or YYBACKUP, subsequent parser actions might lead
     to an incorrect destructor call or verbose syntax error message
     before the lookahead is translated.  */
  YY_SYMBOL_PRINT ("-> $$ =", YY_CAST (yysymbol_kind_t, yyr1[yyn]), &yyval, &yyloc);

  YYPOPSTACK (yylen);
  yylen = 0;

  *++yyvsp = yyval;

  /* Now 'shift' the result of the reduction.  Determine what state
     that goes to, based on the state we popped back to and the rule
     number reduced by.  */
  {
    const int yylhs = yyr1[yyn] - YYNTOKENS;
    const int yyi = yypgoto[yylhs] + *yyssp;
    yystate = (0 <= yyi && yyi <= YYLAST && yycheck[yyi] == *yyssp
               ? yytable[yyi]
               : yydefgoto[yylhs]);
  }

  goto yynewstate;


/*--------------------------------------.
| yyerrlab -- here on detecting error.  |
`--------------------------------------*/
yyerrlab:
  /* Make sure we have latest lookahead translation.  See comments at
     user semantic actions for why this is necessary.  */
  yytoken = yychar == FITS_PARSER_YYEMPTY ? YYSYMBOL_YYEMPTY : YYTRANSLATE (yychar);
  /* If not already recovering from an error, report this error.  */
  if (!yyerrstatus)
    {
      ++yynerrs;
      yyerror (scanner, lParse, YY_("syntax error"));
    }

  if (yyerrstatus == 3)
    {
      /* If just tried and failed to reuse lookahead token after an
         error, discard it.  */

      if (yychar <= FITS_PARSER_YYEOF)
        {
          /* Return failure if at end of input.  */
          if (yychar == FITS_PARSER_YYEOF)
            YYABORT;
        }
      else
        {
          yydestruct ("Error: discarding",
                      yytoken, &yylval, scanner, lParse);
          yychar = FITS_PARSER_YYEMPTY;
        }
    }

  /* Else will try to reuse lookahead token after shifting the error
     token.  */
  goto yyerrlab1;


/*---------------------------------------------------.
| yyerrorlab -- error raised explicitly by YYERROR.  |
`---------------------------------------------------*/
yyerrorlab:
  /* Pacify compilers when the user code never invokes YYERROR and the
     label yyerrorlab therefore never appears in user code.  */
  if (0)
    YYERROR;
  ++yynerrs;

  /* Do not reclaim the symbols of the rule whose action triggered
     this YYERROR.  */
  YYPOPSTACK (yylen);
  yylen = 0;
  YY_STACK_PRINT (yyss, yyssp);
  yystate = *yyssp;
  goto yyerrlab1;


/*-------------------------------------------------------------.
| yyerrlab1 -- common code for both syntax error and YYERROR.  |
`-------------------------------------------------------------*/
yyerrlab1:
  yyerrstatus = 3;      /* Each real token shifted decrements this.  */

  /* Pop stack until we find a state that shifts the error token.  */
  for (;;)
    {
      yyn = yypact[yystate];
      if (!yypact_value_is_default (yyn))
        {
          yyn += YYSYMBOL_YYerror;
          if (0 <= yyn && yyn <= YYLAST && yycheck[yyn] == YYSYMBOL_YYerror)
            {
              yyn = yytable[yyn];
              if (0 < yyn)
                break;
            }
        }

      /* Pop the current state because it cannot handle the error token.  */
      if (yyssp == yyss)
        YYABORT;


      yydestruct ("Error: popping",
                  YY_ACCESSING_SYMBOL (yystate), yyvsp, scanner, lParse);
      YYPOPSTACK (1);
      yystate = *yyssp;
      YY_STACK_PRINT (yyss, yyssp);
    }

  YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_BEGIN
  *++yyvsp = yylval;
  YY_IGNORE_MAYBE_UNINITIALIZED_END


  /* Shift the error token.  */
  YY_SYMBOL_PRINT ("Shifting", YY_ACCESSING_SYMBOL (yyn), yyvsp, yylsp);

  yystate = yyn;
  goto yynewstate;


/*-------------------------------------.
| yyacceptlab -- YYACCEPT comes here.  |
`-------------------------------------*/
yyacceptlab:
  yyresult = 0;
  goto yyreturnlab;


/*-----------------------------------.
| yyabortlab -- YYABORT comes here.  |
`-----------------------------------*/
yyabortlab:
  yyresult = 1;
  goto yyreturnlab;


/*-----------------------------------------------------------.
| yyexhaustedlab -- YYNOMEM (memory exhaustion) comes here.  |
`-----------------------------------------------------------*/
yyexhaustedlab:
  yyerror (scanner, lParse, YY_("memory exhausted"));
  yyresult = 2;
  goto yyreturnlab;


/*----------------------------------------------------------.
| yyreturnlab -- parsing is finished, clean up and return.  |
`----------------------------------------------------------*/
yyreturnlab:
  if (yychar != FITS_PARSER_YYEMPTY)
    {
      /* Make sure we have latest lookahead translation.  See comments at
         user semantic actions for why this is necessary.  */
      yytoken = YYTRANSLATE (yychar);
      yydestruct ("Cleanup: discarding lookahead",
                  yytoken, &yylval, scanner, lParse);
    }
  /* Do not reclaim the symbols of the rule whose action triggered
     this YYABORT or YYACCEPT.  */
  YYPOPSTACK (yylen);
  YY_STACK_PRINT (yyss, yyssp);
  while (yyssp != yyss)
    {
      yydestruct ("Cleanup: popping",
                  YY_ACCESSING_SYMBOL (+*yyssp), yyvsp, scanner, lParse);
      YYPOPSTACK (1);
    }
#ifndef yyoverflow
  if (yyss != yyssa)
    YYSTACK_FREE (yyss);
#endif

  return yyresult;
}

#line 1338 "eval.y"


/*************************************************************************/
/*  Start of "New" routines which build the expression Nodal structure   */
/*************************************************************************/

static int Alloc_Node( ParseData *lParse )
{
                      /* Use this for allocation to guarantee *Nodes */
   Node *newNodePtr;  /* survives on failure, making it still valid  */
                      /* while working our way out of this error     */

   if( lParse->nNodes == lParse->nNodesAlloc ) {
      if( lParse->Nodes ) {
	 lParse->nNodesAlloc += lParse->nNodesAlloc;
	 newNodePtr = (Node *)realloc( lParse->Nodes,
				       sizeof(Node)*lParse->nNodesAlloc );
      } else {
	 lParse->nNodesAlloc = 100;
	 newNodePtr = (Node *)malloc ( sizeof(Node)*lParse->nNodesAlloc );
      }	 

      if( newNodePtr ) {
	 lParse->Nodes = newNodePtr;
      } else {
	 lParse->status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
	 return( -1 );
      }
   }

   return ( lParse->nNodes++ );
}

static void Free_Last_Node( ParseData *lParse )
{
   if( lParse->nNodes ) lParse->nNodes--;
}

static int New_Const( ParseData *lParse, int returnType, void *value, long len )
{
   Node *this;
   int n;

   n = Alloc_Node(lParse);
   if( n>=0 ) {
      this             = lParse->Nodes + n;
      this->operation  = CONST_OP;             /* Flag a constant */
      this->DoOp       = NULL;
      this->nSubNodes  = 0;
      this->type       = returnType;
      memcpy( &(this->value.data), value, len );
      this->value.undef = NULL;
      this->value.nelem = 1;
      this->value.naxis = 1;
      this->value.naxes[0] = 1;
   }
   return(n);
}

static int New_Column( ParseData *lParse, int ColNum )
{
   Node *this;
   int  n, i;

   n = Alloc_Node(lParse);
   if( n>=0 ) {
      this              = lParse->Nodes + n;
      this->operation   = -ColNum;
      this->DoOp        = NULL;
      this->nSubNodes   = 0;
      this->type        = lParse->varData[ColNum].type;
      this->value.nelem = lParse->varData[ColNum].nelem;
      this->value.naxis = lParse->varData[ColNum].naxis;
      for( i=0; ivarData[ColNum].naxis; i++ )
	 this->value.naxes[i] = lParse->varData[ColNum].naxes[i];
   }
   return(n);
}

static int New_Offset( ParseData *lParse, int ColNum, int offsetNode )
{
   Node *this;
   int  n, i, colNode;

   colNode = New_Column( lParse, ColNum );
   if( colNode<0 ) return(-1);

   n = Alloc_Node(lParse);
   if( n>=0 ) {
      this              = lParse->Nodes + n;
      this->operation   = '{';
      this->DoOp        = Do_Offset;
      this->nSubNodes   = 2;
      this->SubNodes[0] = colNode;
      this->SubNodes[1] = offsetNode;
      this->type        = lParse->varData[ColNum].type;
      this->value.nelem = lParse->varData[ColNum].nelem;
      this->value.naxis = lParse->varData[ColNum].naxis;
      for( i=0; ivarData[ColNum].naxis; i++ )
	 this->value.naxes[i] = lParse->varData[ColNum].naxes[i];
   }
   return(n);
}

static int New_Unary( ParseData *lParse, int returnType, int Op, int Node1 )
{
   Node *this, *that;
   int  i,n;

   if( Node1<0 ) return(-1);
   that = lParse->Nodes + Node1;

   if( !Op ) Op = returnType;

   if( (Op==DOUBLE || Op==FLTCAST) && that->type==DOUBLE  ) return( Node1 );
   if( (Op==LONG   || Op==INTCAST) && that->type==LONG    ) return( Node1 );
   if( (Op==BOOLEAN              ) && that->type==BOOLEAN ) return( Node1 );
   
   n = Alloc_Node(lParse);
   if( n>=0 ) {
      this              = lParse->Nodes + n;
      this->operation   = Op;
      this->DoOp        = Do_Unary;
      this->nSubNodes   = 1;
      this->SubNodes[0] = Node1;
      this->type        = returnType;

      that              = lParse->Nodes + Node1; /* Reset in case .Nodes mv'd */
      this->value.nelem = that->value.nelem;
      this->value.naxis = that->value.naxis;
      for( i=0; ivalue.naxis; i++ )
	 this->value.naxes[i] = that->value.naxes[i];

      if( that->operation==CONST_OP ) this->DoOp( lParse, this );
   }
   return( n );
}

static int New_BinOp( ParseData *lParse, int returnType, int Node1, int Op, int Node2 )
{
   Node *this,*that1,*that2;
   int  n,i,constant;

   if( Node1<0 || Node2<0 ) return(-1);

   n = Alloc_Node(lParse);
   if( n>=0 ) {
      this             = lParse->Nodes + n;
      this->operation  = Op;
      this->nSubNodes  = 2;
      this->SubNodes[0]= Node1;
      this->SubNodes[1]= Node2;
      this->type       = returnType;

      that1            = lParse->Nodes + Node1;
      that2            = lParse->Nodes + Node2;
      constant         = (that1->operation==CONST_OP
                          && that2->operation==CONST_OP);
      if( that1->type!=STRING && that1->type!=BITSTR )
	if( !Test_Dims( lParse, Node1, Node2 ) ) {
	    Free_Last_Node(lParse);
	    yyerror(0, lParse, "Array sizes/dims do not match for binary operator");
	    return(-1);
	 }
      if( that1->value.nelem == 1 ) that1 = that2;

      this->value.nelem = that1->value.nelem;
      this->value.naxis = that1->value.naxis;
      for( i=0; ivalue.naxis; i++ )
	 this->value.naxes[i] = that1->value.naxes[i];

      if ( Op == ACCUM && that1->type == BITSTR ) {
	/* ACCUM is rank-reducing on bit strings */
	this->value.nelem = 1;
	this->value.naxis = 1;
	this->value.naxes[0] = 1;
      }

      /*  Both subnodes should be of same time  */
      switch( that1->type ) {
      case BITSTR:  this->DoOp = Do_BinOp_bit;  break;
      case STRING:  this->DoOp = Do_BinOp_str;  break;
      case BOOLEAN: this->DoOp = Do_BinOp_log;  break;
      case LONG:    this->DoOp = Do_BinOp_lng;  break;
      case DOUBLE:  this->DoOp = Do_BinOp_dbl;  break;
      }
      if( constant ) this->DoOp( lParse, this );
   }
   return( n );
}

static int New_Func( ParseData *lParse,
		     int returnType, funcOp Op, int nNodes,
		     int Node1, int Node2, int Node3, int Node4, 
		     int Node5, int Node6, int Node7 )
{
  return New_FuncSize(lParse,
		      returnType, Op, nNodes,
		      Node1, Node2, Node3, Node4, 
		      Node5, Node6, Node7, 0);
}

static int New_FuncSize( ParseData *lParse,
			 int returnType, funcOp Op, int nNodes,
			 int Node1, int Node2, int Node3, int Node4, 
			 int Node5, int Node6, int Node7, int Size )
/* If returnType==0 , use Node1's type and vector sizes as returnType, */
/* else return a single value of type returnType                       */
{
   Node *this, *that;
   int  i,n,constant;

   if( Node1<0 || Node2<0 || Node3<0 || Node4<0 || 
       Node5<0 || Node6<0 || Node7<0 ) return(-1);

   n = Alloc_Node(lParse);
   if( n>=0 ) {
      this              = lParse->Nodes + n;
      this->operation   = (int)Op;
      this->DoOp        = Do_Func;
      this->nSubNodes   = nNodes;
      this->SubNodes[0] = Node1;
      this->SubNodes[1] = Node2;
      this->SubNodes[2] = Node3;
      this->SubNodes[3] = Node4;
      this->SubNodes[4] = Node5;
      this->SubNodes[5] = Node6;
      this->SubNodes[6] = Node7;
      i = constant = nNodes;    /* Functions with zero params are not const */
      if (Op == poirnd_fct) constant = 0; /* Nor is Poisson deviate */

      while( i-- )
	constant = ( constant && OPER(this->SubNodes[i]) == CONST_OP );
      
      if( returnType ) {
	 this->type           = returnType;
	 this->value.nelem    = 1;
	 this->value.naxis    = 1;
	 this->value.naxes[0] = 1;
      } else {
	 that              = lParse->Nodes + Node1;
	 this->type        = that->type;
	 this->value.nelem = that->value.nelem;
	 this->value.naxis = that->value.naxis;
	 for( i=0; ivalue.naxis; i++ )
	    this->value.naxes[i] = that->value.naxes[i];
      }
      /* Force explicit size before evaluating */
      if (Size > 0) this->value.nelem = Size;

      if( constant ) this->DoOp( lParse, this );
   }
   return( n );
}

static int New_Deref( ParseData *lParse, int Var,  int nDim,
		      int Dim1, int Dim2, int Dim3, int Dim4, int Dim5 )
{
   int n, idx, constant;
   long elem=0;
   Node *this, *theVar, *theDim[MAXDIMS];

   if( Var<0 || Dim1<0 || Dim2<0 || Dim3<0 || Dim4<0 || Dim5<0 ) return(-1);

   theVar = lParse->Nodes + Var;
   if( theVar->operation==CONST_OP || theVar->value.nelem==1 ) {
      yyerror(0, lParse, "Cannot index a scalar value");
      return(-1);
   }

   n = Alloc_Node(lParse);
   if( n>=0 ) {
      this              = lParse->Nodes + n;
      this->nSubNodes   = nDim+1;
      theVar            = lParse->Nodes + (this->SubNodes[0]=Var);
      theDim[0]         = lParse->Nodes + (this->SubNodes[1]=Dim1);
      theDim[1]         = lParse->Nodes + (this->SubNodes[2]=Dim2);
      theDim[2]         = lParse->Nodes + (this->SubNodes[3]=Dim3);
      theDim[3]         = lParse->Nodes + (this->SubNodes[4]=Dim4);
      theDim[4]         = lParse->Nodes + (this->SubNodes[5]=Dim5);
      constant          = theVar->operation==CONST_OP;
      for( idx=0; idxoperation==CONST_OP);

      for( idx=0; idxvalue.nelem>1 ) {
	    Free_Last_Node(lParse);
	    yyerror(0, lParse, "Cannot use an array as an index value");
	    return(-1);
	 } else if( theDim[idx]->type!=LONG ) {
	    Free_Last_Node(lParse);
	    yyerror(0, lParse, "Index value must be an integer type");
	    return(-1);
	 }

      this->operation   = '[';
      this->DoOp        = Do_Deref;
      this->type        = theVar->type;

      if( theVar->value.naxis == nDim ) { /* All dimensions specified */
	 this->value.nelem    = 1;
	 this->value.naxis    = 1;
	 this->value.naxes[0] = 1;
      } else if( nDim==1 ) { /* Dereference only one dimension */
	 elem=1;
	 this->value.naxis = theVar->value.naxis-1;
	 for( idx=0; idxvalue.naxis; idx++ ) {
	    elem *= ( this->value.naxes[idx] = theVar->value.naxes[idx] );
	 }
	 this->value.nelem = elem;
      } else {
	 Free_Last_Node(lParse);
	 yyerror(0, lParse, "Must specify just one or all indices for vector");
	 return(-1);
      }
      if( constant ) this->DoOp( lParse, this );
   }
   return(n);
}

extern int fits_parser_yyGetVariable( ParseData *lParse, char *varName, YYSTYPE *varVal );

static int New_GTI( ParseData *lParse, funcOp Op, char *fname, int Node1, int Node2, char *start, char *stop )
{
   fitsfile *fptr;
   Node *this, *that0, *that1, *that2;
   int  type,i,n, startCol, stopCol, Node0;
   int  hdutype, hdunum, evthdu, samefile, extvers, movetotype, tstat;
   char extname[100];
   long nrows;
   double timeZeroI[2], timeZeroF[2], dt, timeSpan;
   char xcol[20], xexpr[20];
   YYSTYPE colVal;

   if( (Op == gtifilt_fct || Op == gtifind_fct) && Node1==-99 ) {
      type = fits_parser_yyGetVariable( lParse,  "TIME", &colVal );
      if( type==COLUMN ) {
	 Node1 = New_Column( lParse, (int)colVal.lng );
      } else {
	 yyerror(0, lParse, "Could not build TIME column for GTIFILTER/GTIFIND");
	 return(-1);
      }
   }

   if (Op == gtiover_fct) {
     if (Node1 == -99 || Node2 == -99) {
       yyerror(0, lParse, "startExpr and stopExpr values must be defined for GTIOVERLAP");
       return(-1);
     }
     /* Also case TIME_STOP to double precision */
     Node2 = New_Unary( lParse, DOUBLE, 0, Node2 );
     if (Node2 < 0) return(-1);

   }

   /* Type cast TIME to double precision */
   Node1 = New_Unary( lParse, DOUBLE, 0, Node1 );
   Node0 = Alloc_Node(lParse); /* This will hold the START/STOP times */
   if( Node1<0 || Node0<0 ) return(-1);

   /*  Record current HDU number in case we need to move within this file  */

   fptr = lParse->def_fptr;
   ffghdn( fptr, &evthdu );

   /*  Look for TIMEZERO keywords in current extension  */

   tstat = 0;
   if( ffgkyd( fptr, "TIMEZERO", timeZeroI, NULL, &tstat ) ) {
      tstat = 0;
      if( ffgkyd( fptr, "TIMEZERI", timeZeroI, NULL, &tstat ) ) {
	 timeZeroI[0] = timeZeroF[0] = 0.0;
      } else if( ffgkyd( fptr, "TIMEZERF", timeZeroF, NULL, &tstat ) ) {
	 timeZeroF[0] = 0.0;
      }
   } else {
      timeZeroF[0] = 0.0;
   }

   /*  Resolve filename parameter  */

   switch( fname[0] ) {
   case '\0':
      samefile = 1;
      hdunum = 1;
      break;
   case '[':
      samefile = 1;
      i = 1;
      while( fname[i] != '\0' && fname[i] != ']' ) i++;
      if( fname[i] ) {
	 fname[i] = '\0';
	 fname++;
	 ffexts( fname, &hdunum, extname, &extvers, &movetotype,
		 xcol, xexpr, &lParse->status );
         if( *extname ) {
	    ffmnhd( fptr, movetotype, extname, extvers, &lParse->status );
	    ffghdn( fptr, &hdunum );
	 } else if( hdunum ) {
	    ffmahd( fptr, ++hdunum, &hdutype, &lParse->status );
	 } else if( !lParse->status ) {
	    yyerror(0, lParse, "Cannot use primary array for GTI filter");
	    return( -1 );
	 }
      } else {
	 yyerror(0, lParse, "File extension specifier lacks closing ']'");
	 return( -1 );
      }
      break;
   case '+':
      samefile = 1;
      hdunum = atoi( fname ) + 1;
      if( hdunum>1 )
	 ffmahd( fptr, hdunum, &hdutype, &lParse->status );
      else {
	 yyerror(0, lParse, "Cannot use primary array for GTI filter / GTIFIND");
	 return( -1 );
      }
      break;
   default:
      samefile = 0;
      if( ! ffopen( &fptr, fname, READONLY, &lParse->status ) )
	 ffghdn( fptr, &hdunum );
      break;
   }
   if( lParse->status ) return(-1);

   /*  If at primary, search for GTI extension  */

   if( hdunum==1 ) {
      while( 1 ) {
	 hdunum++;
	 if( ffmahd( fptr, hdunum, &hdutype, &lParse->status ) ) break;
	 if( hdutype==IMAGE_HDU ) continue;
	 tstat = 0;
	 if( ffgkys( fptr, "EXTNAME", extname, NULL, &tstat ) ) continue;
	 ffupch( extname );
	 if( strstr( extname, "GTI" ) ) break;
      }
      if( lParse->status ) {
	 if( lParse->status==END_OF_FILE )
	    yyerror(0, lParse, "GTI extension not found in this file");
	 return(-1);
      }
   }

   /*  Locate START/STOP Columns  */

   ffgcno( fptr, CASEINSEN, start, &startCol, &lParse->status );
   ffgcno( fptr, CASEINSEN, stop,  &stopCol,  &lParse->status );
   if( lParse->status ) return(-1);

   /*  Look for TIMEZERO keywords in GTI extension  */

   tstat = 0;
   if( ffgkyd( fptr, "TIMEZERO", timeZeroI+1, NULL, &tstat ) ) {
      tstat = 0;
      if( ffgkyd( fptr, "TIMEZERI", timeZeroI+1, NULL, &tstat ) ) {
	 timeZeroI[1] = timeZeroF[1] = 0.0;
      } else if( ffgkyd( fptr, "TIMEZERF", timeZeroF+1, NULL, &tstat ) ) {
	 timeZeroF[1] = 0.0;
      }
   } else {
      timeZeroF[1] = 0.0;
   }

   n = Alloc_Node(lParse);
   if( n >= 0 ) {
      this                 = lParse->Nodes + n;
      this->SubNodes[1]    = Node1;
      this->operation      = (int) Op;
      if (Op == gtifilt_fct) {
	this->nSubNodes      = 2;
	this->DoOp           = Do_GTI;
	this->type           = BOOLEAN;
      } else if (Op == gtifind_fct) {
	this->nSubNodes      = 2;
	this->DoOp           = Do_GTI;
	this->type           = LONG;
      } else {
	this->nSubNodes      = 3;
	this->DoOp           = Do_GTI_Over;
	this->type           = DOUBLE;
      }
      that1                = lParse->Nodes + Node1;
      this->value.nelem    = that1->value.nelem;
      this->value.naxis    = that1->value.naxis;
      for( i=0; i < that1->value.naxis; i++ )
	 this->value.naxes[i] = that1->value.naxes[i];
      if (Op == gtiover_fct) {
	this->SubNodes[2]  = Node2;
	that2 = lParse->Nodes + Node2;
	if (that1->value.nelem != that2->value.nelem) {
	  yyerror(0, lParse, "Dimensions of TIME and TIME_STOP must match for GTIOVERLAP");
	  return(-1);
	}
      }

      /* Init START/STOP node to be treated as a "constant" */

      this->SubNodes[0]    = Node0;
      that0                = lParse->Nodes + Node0;
      that0->operation     = CONST_OP;
      that0->DoOp          = NULL;
      that0->value.data.ptr= NULL;

      /*  Read in START/STOP times  */

      if( ffgkyj( fptr, "NAXIS2", &nrows, NULL, &lParse->status ) )
	 return(-1);
      that0->value.nelem = nrows;
      if( nrows ) {

	 that0->value.data.dblptr = (double*)malloc( 2*nrows*sizeof(double) );
	 if( !that0->value.data.dblptr ) {
	    lParse->status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
	    return(-1);
	 }
	 
	 ffgcvd( fptr, startCol, 1L, 1L, nrows, 0.0,
		 that0->value.data.dblptr, &i, &lParse->status );
	 ffgcvd( fptr, stopCol, 1L, 1L, nrows, 0.0,
		 that0->value.data.dblptr+nrows, &i, &lParse->status );
	 if( lParse->status ) {
	    free( that0->value.data.dblptr );
	    return(-1);
	 }

	 /*  Test for fully time-ordered GTI... both START && STOP  */

	 that0->type = 1; /*  Assume yes  */
	 i = nrows;
	 while( --i )
	    if(    that0->value.data.dblptr[i-1]
                   >= that0->value.data.dblptr[i]
		|| that0->value.data.dblptr[i-1+nrows]
		   >= that0->value.data.dblptr[i+nrows] ) {
	       that0->type = 0;
	       break;
	    }

	 /* GTIOVERLAP() requires ordered GTI */
	 if (that0->type != 1 && Op == gtiover_fct) {
	   yyerror(0, lParse, "Input GTI must be time-ordered for GTIOVERLAP");
	   return(-1);
	 }
	 
	 /*  Handle TIMEZERO offset, if any  */
	 
	 dt = (timeZeroI[1] - timeZeroI[0]) + (timeZeroF[1] - timeZeroF[0]);
	 timeSpan = that0->value.data.dblptr[nrows+nrows-1]
	    - that0->value.data.dblptr[0];
	 if (timeSpan == 0) timeSpan = 1.0;
	 
	 if( fabs( dt / timeSpan ) > 1e-12 ) {
	    for( i=0; i<(nrows+nrows); i++ )
	       that0->value.data.dblptr[i] += dt;
	 }
      }
      /* If Node1 is constant (gtifilt_fct) or
	 Node1 and Node2 are constant (gtiover_fct), then evaluate now */
      if( OPER(Node1)==CONST_OP && (Op == gtifilt_fct || OPER(Node2)==CONST_OP)) {
	this->DoOp( lParse, this );
      }
   }

   if( samefile )
      ffmahd( fptr, evthdu, &hdutype, &lParse->status );
   else
      ffclos( fptr, &lParse->status );

   return( n );
}

static int New_REG( ParseData *lParse, char *fname, int NodeX, int NodeY, char *colNames )
{
   Node *this, *that0;
   int  type, n, Node0;
   int  Xcol, Ycol, tstat;
   WCSdata wcs;
   SAORegion *Rgn;
   char *cX, *cY;
   YYSTYPE colVal;

   if( NodeX==-99 ) {
      type = fits_parser_yyGetVariable( lParse,  "X", &colVal );
      if( type==COLUMN ) {
	 NodeX = New_Column( lParse, (int)colVal.lng );
      } else {
	 yyerror(0, lParse, "Could not build X column for REGFILTER");
	 return(-1);
      }
   }
   if( NodeY==-99 ) {
      type = fits_parser_yyGetVariable( lParse, "Y", &colVal );
      if( type==COLUMN ) {
 	 NodeY = New_Column( lParse, (int)colVal.lng );
      } else {
	 yyerror(0, lParse, "Could not build Y column for REGFILTER");
	 return(-1);
      }
   }
   NodeX = New_Unary( lParse, DOUBLE, 0, NodeX );
   NodeY = New_Unary( lParse, DOUBLE, 0, NodeY );
   Node0 = Alloc_Node(lParse); /* This will hold the Region Data */
   if( NodeX<0 || NodeY<0 || Node0<0 ) return(-1);

   if( ! (Test_Dims( lParse, NodeX, NodeY ) ) ) {
     yyerror(0, lParse, "Dimensions of REGFILTER arguments are not compatible");
     return (-1);
   }

   n = Alloc_Node(lParse);
   if( n >= 0 ) {
      this                 = lParse->Nodes + n;
      this->nSubNodes      = 3;
      this->SubNodes[0]    = Node0;
      this->SubNodes[1]    = NodeX;
      this->SubNodes[2]    = NodeY;
      this->operation      = (int)regfilt_fct;
      this->DoOp           = Do_REG;
      this->type           = BOOLEAN;
      this->value.nelem    = 1;
      this->value.naxis    = 1;
      this->value.naxes[0] = 1;
      
      Copy_Dims(lParse, n, NodeX);
      if( SIZE(NodeX)Nodes + Node0;
      that0->operation     = CONST_OP;
      that0->DoOp          = NULL;

      /*  Identify what columns to use for WCS information  */

      Xcol = Ycol = 0;
      if( *colNames ) {
	 /*  Use the column names in this string for WCS info  */
	 while( *colNames==' ' ) colNames++;
	 cX = cY = colNames;
	 while( *cY && *cY!=' ' && *cY!=',' ) cY++;
	 if( *cY )
	    *(cY++) = '\0';
	 while( *cY==' ' ) cY++;
	 if( !*cY ) {
	    yyerror(0, lParse, "Could not extract valid pair of column names from REGFILTER");
	    Free_Last_Node(lParse);
	    return( -1 );
	 }
	 fits_get_colnum( lParse->def_fptr, CASEINSEN, cX, &Xcol,
			  &lParse->status );
	 fits_get_colnum( lParse->def_fptr, CASEINSEN, cY, &Ycol,
			  &lParse->status );
	 if( lParse->status ) {
	    yyerror(0, lParse, "Could not locate columns indicated for WCS info");
	    Free_Last_Node(lParse);
	    return( -1 );
	 }

      } else {
	 /*  Try to find columns used in X/Y expressions  */
	 Xcol = Locate_Col( lParse, lParse->Nodes + NodeX );
	 Ycol = Locate_Col( lParse, lParse->Nodes + NodeY );
	 if( Xcol<0 || Ycol<0 ) {
	    yyerror(0, lParse, "Found multiple X/Y column references in REGFILTER");
	    Free_Last_Node(lParse);
	    return( -1 );
	 }
      }

      /*  Now, get the WCS info, if it exists, from the indicated columns  */
      wcs.exists = 0;
      if( Xcol>0 && Ycol>0 ) {
	 tstat = 0;
	 ffgtcs( lParse->def_fptr, Xcol, Ycol,
		 &wcs.xrefval, &wcs.yrefval,
		 &wcs.xrefpix, &wcs.yrefpix,
		 &wcs.xinc,    &wcs.yinc,
		 &wcs.rot,      wcs.type,
		 &tstat );
	 if( tstat==NO_WCS_KEY ) {
	    wcs.exists = 0;
	 } else if( tstat ) {
	    lParse->status = tstat;
	    Free_Last_Node(lParse);
	    return( -1 );
	 } else {
	    wcs.exists = 1;
	 }
      }

      /*  Read in Region file  */

      fits_read_rgnfile( fname, &wcs, &Rgn, &lParse->status );
      if( lParse->status ) {
	 Free_Last_Node(lParse);
	 return( -1 );
      }

      that0->value.data.ptr = Rgn;

      if( OPER(NodeX)==CONST_OP && OPER(NodeY)==CONST_OP )
	 this->DoOp( lParse, this );
   }

   return( n );
}

static int New_Vector( ParseData *lParse, int subNode )
{
   Node *this, *that;
   int n;

   n = Alloc_Node(lParse);
   if( n >= 0 ) {
      this              = lParse->Nodes + n;
      that              = lParse->Nodes + subNode;
      this->type        = that->type;
      this->nSubNodes   = 1;
      this->SubNodes[0] = subNode;
      this->operation   = '{';
      this->DoOp        = Do_Vector;
   }

   return( n );
}

static int Close_Vec( ParseData *lParse, int vecNode )
{
   Node *this;
   int n, nelem=0;

   this = lParse->Nodes + vecNode;
   for( n=0; n < this->nSubNodes; n++ ) {
      if( TYPE( this->SubNodes[n] ) != this->type ) {
	 this->SubNodes[n] = New_Unary( lParse, this->type, 0, this->SubNodes[n] );
	 if( this->SubNodes[n]<0 ) return(-1);
      }
      nelem += SIZE(this->SubNodes[n]);
   }
   this->value.naxis    = 1;
   this->value.nelem    = nelem;
   this->value.naxes[0] = nelem;

   return( vecNode );
}

static int New_Array( ParseData *lParse, int valueNode, int dimNode )
{
  Node *dims;
  long naxis, nelem;
  long naxes[MAXDIMS];
  Node *this;
  int  n,i;

   if( valueNode<0 || dimNode<0 ) return(-1);

   /* Check that dimensions are {a,b,c,d}
        - vector
	- every element is constant integer
	- 5 or fewer dimensions 
   */

   dims = &(lParse->Nodes[dimNode]);
   for (i=0; iNodes[dimNode].value.data.lng;

   } else if (OPER(dimNode) == '{') { /* ARRAY(V,{a,b,c,d,e}) up to 5 dimensions */
     if (dims->nSubNodes > MAXDIMS) {
       yyerror(0, lParse, "ARRAY(V,{...}) number of dimensions must not exceed 5");
       return (-1);
     }
     naxis = dims->nSubNodes;
     for (i=0; inSubNodes; i++) {
       if ( TYPE(dims->SubNodes[i]) != LONG ) {
	 dims->SubNodes[i] = New_Unary(lParse, LONG, 0, dims->SubNodes[i]);
	 if (dims->SubNodes[i] < 0) return (-1);
       }
       naxes[i] = lParse->Nodes[ dims->SubNodes[i] ].value.data.lng;
     }
   } else {
     yyerror(0, lParse, "ARRAY(V,dims) dims must be either integer or const vector");
     return (-1);
   }

   nelem = 1;
   for (i=0; i 1) {
     /* "reform" operation - do nothing */
   } else if (SIZE(valueNode) > 1 && nelem > 1) {
     yyerror(0, lParse, "ARRAY(V,d) mismatch between number of elements in V and d");
     return (-1);
   } else if (SIZE(valueNode) > 1) {
     yyerror(0, lParse, "ARRAY(V,n) value V must have vector dimension of 1");
     return (-1);
   }
   
   n = Alloc_Node(lParse);
   if( n>=0 ) {
      this             = lParse->Nodes + n;
      this->operation  = array_fct;
      this->nSubNodes  = 1;
      this->SubNodes[0]= valueNode;
      this->type       = TYPE(valueNode);

      this->value.nelem = nelem;
      this->value.naxis = naxis;
      for( i=0; ivalue.naxes[i] = naxes[i];

      this->DoOp = Do_Array;
   }
   return( n );
}

static int Locate_Col( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
/*  Locate the TABLE column number of any columns in "this" calculation.  */
/*  Return ZERO if none found, or negative if more than 1 found.          */
{
   Node *that;
   int  i, col=0, newCol, nfound=0;
   
   if( this->nSubNodes==0
       && this->operation<=0 && this->operation!=CONST_OP )
      return lParse->colData[ - this->operation].colnum;

   for( i=0; inSubNodes; i++ ) {
      that = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[i];
      if( that->operation>0 ) {
	 newCol = Locate_Col( lParse, that );
	 if( newCol<=0 ) {
	    nfound += -newCol;
	 } else {
	    if( !nfound ) {
	       col = newCol;
	       nfound++;
	    } else if( col != newCol ) {
	       nfound++;
	    }
	 }
      } else if( that->operation!=CONST_OP ) {
	 /*  Found a Column  */
	 newCol = lParse->colData[- that->operation].colnum;
	 if( !nfound ) {
	    col = newCol;
	    nfound++;
	 } else if( col != newCol ) {
	    nfound++;
	 }
      }
   }
   if( nfound!=1 )
      return( - nfound );
   else
      return( col );
}

static int Test_Dims( ParseData *lParse, int Node1, int Node2 )
{
   Node *that1, *that2;
   int valid, i;

   if( Node1<0 || Node2<0 ) return(0);

   that1 = lParse->Nodes + Node1;
   that2 = lParse->Nodes + Node2;

   if( that1->value.nelem==1 || that2->value.nelem==1 )
      valid = 1;
   else if( that1->type==that2->type
	    && that1->value.nelem==that2->value.nelem
	    && that1->value.naxis==that2->value.naxis ) {
      valid = 1;
      for( i=0; ivalue.naxis; i++ ) {
	 if( that1->value.naxes[i]!=that2->value.naxes[i] )
	    valid = 0;
      }
   } else
      valid = 0;
   return( valid );
}   

static void Copy_Dims( ParseData *lParse, int Node1, int Node2 )
{
   Node *that1, *that2;
   int i;

   if( Node1<0 || Node2<0 ) return;

   that1 = lParse->Nodes + Node1;
   that2 = lParse->Nodes + Node2;

   that1->value.nelem = that2->value.nelem;
   that1->value.naxis = that2->value.naxis;
   for( i=0; ivalue.naxis; i++ )
      that1->value.naxes[i] = that2->value.naxes[i];
}

/********************************************************************/
/*    Routines for actually evaluating the expression start here    */
/********************************************************************/

void Evaluate_Parser( ParseData *lParse, long firstRow, long nRows )
    /***********************************************************************/
    /*  Reset the parser for processing another batch of data...           */
    /*    firstRow:  Row number of the first element to evaluate           */
    /*    nRows:     Number of rows to be processed                        */
    /*  Initialize each COLUMN node so that its UNDEF and DATA pointers    */
    /*  point to the appropriate column arrays.                            */
    /*  Finally, call Evaluate_Node for final node.                        */
    /***********************************************************************/
{
   int     i, column;
   long    offset, rowOffset;
   static int rand_initialized = 0;

   /* Initialize the random number generator once and only once */
   if (rand_initialized == 0) {
     simplerng_srand( (unsigned int) time(NULL) );
     rand_initialized = 1;
   }

   lParse->firstRow = firstRow;
   lParse->nRows    = nRows;

   /*  Reset Column Nodes' pointers to point to right data and UNDEF arrays  */

   rowOffset = firstRow - lParse->firstDataRow;
   for( i=0; inNodes; i++ ) {
     if(    OPER(i) >  0 || OPER(i) == CONST_OP ) continue;

      column = -OPER(i);
      offset = lParse->varData[column].nelem * rowOffset;

      lParse->Nodes[i].value.undef = lParse->varData[column].undef + offset;

      switch( lParse->Nodes[i].type ) {
      case BITSTR:
	 lParse->Nodes[i].value.data.strptr =
	    (char**)lParse->varData[column].data + rowOffset;
	 lParse->Nodes[i].value.undef       = NULL;
	 break;
      case STRING:
	 lParse->Nodes[i].value.data.strptr = 
	    (char**)lParse->varData[column].data + rowOffset;
	 lParse->Nodes[i].value.undef = lParse->varData[column].undef + rowOffset;
	 break;
      case BOOLEAN:
	 lParse->Nodes[i].value.data.logptr = 
	    (char*)lParse->varData[column].data + offset;
	 break;
      case LONG:
	 lParse->Nodes[i].value.data.lngptr = 
	    (long*)lParse->varData[column].data + offset;
	 break;
      case DOUBLE:
	 lParse->Nodes[i].value.data.dblptr = 
	    (double*)lParse->varData[column].data + offset;
	 break;
      }
   }

   Evaluate_Node( lParse, lParse->resultNode );
}

static void Evaluate_Node( ParseData *lParse, int thisNode )
    /**********************************************************************/
    /*  Recursively evaluate thisNode's subNodes, then call one of the    */
    /*  Do_ functions pointed to by thisNode's DoOp element.      */
    /**********************************************************************/
{
   Node *this;
   int i;
   
   if( lParse->status ) return;

   this = lParse->Nodes + thisNode;
   if( this->operation>0 ) {  /* <=0 indicate constants and columns */
      i = this->nSubNodes;
      while( i-- ) {
	 Evaluate_Node( lParse, this->SubNodes[i] );
	 if( lParse->status ) return;
      }
      this->DoOp( lParse, this );
   }
}

static void Allocate_Ptrs( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
{
   long elem, row, size;

   if( this->type==BITSTR || this->type==STRING ) {

      this->value.data.strptr = (char**)malloc( lParse->nRows
						* sizeof(char*) );
      if( this->value.data.strptr ) {
	 this->value.data.strptr[0] = (char*)malloc( lParse->nRows
						     * (this->value.nelem+2)
						     * sizeof(char) );
	 if( this->value.data.strptr[0] ) {
	    row = 0;
	    while( (++row)nRows ) {
	       this->value.data.strptr[row] =
		  this->value.data.strptr[row-1] + this->value.nelem+1;
	    }
	    if( this->type==STRING ) {
	       this->value.undef = this->value.data.strptr[row-1]
                                   + this->value.nelem+1;
	    } else {
	       this->value.undef = NULL;  /* BITSTRs don't use undef array */
	    }
	 } else {
	    lParse->status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
	    free( this->value.data.strptr );
	 }
      } else {
	 lParse->status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
      }

   } else {

      elem = this->value.nelem * lParse->nRows;
      switch( this->type ) {
      case DOUBLE:  size = sizeof( double ); break;
      case LONG:    size = sizeof( long   ); break;
      case BOOLEAN: size = sizeof( char   ); break;
      default:      size = 1;                break;
      }

      this->value.data.ptr = calloc(size+1, elem);

      if( this->value.data.ptr==NULL ) {
	 lParse->status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
      } else {
	 this->value.undef = (char *)this->value.data.ptr + elem*size;
      }
   }
}

static void Do_Unary( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
{
   Node *that;
   long elem;

   that = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[0];

   if( that->operation==CONST_OP ) {  /* Operating on a constant! */
      switch( this->operation ) {
      case DOUBLE:
      case FLTCAST:
	 if( that->type==LONG )
	    this->value.data.dbl = (double)that->value.data.lng;
	 else if( that->type==BOOLEAN )
	    this->value.data.dbl = ( that->value.data.log ? 1.0 : 0.0 );
	 break;
      case LONG:
      case INTCAST:
	 if( that->type==DOUBLE )
	    this->value.data.lng = (long)that->value.data.dbl;
	 else if( that->type==BOOLEAN )
	    this->value.data.lng = ( that->value.data.log ? 1L : 0L );
	 break;
      case BOOLEAN:
	 if( that->type==DOUBLE )
	    this->value.data.log = ( that->value.data.dbl != 0.0 );
	 else if( that->type==LONG )
	    this->value.data.log = ( that->value.data.lng != 0L );
	 break;
      case UMINUS:
	 if( that->type==DOUBLE )
	    this->value.data.dbl = - that->value.data.dbl;
	 else if( that->type==LONG )
	    this->value.data.lng = - that->value.data.lng;
	 break;
      case NOT:
	 if( that->type==BOOLEAN )
	    this->value.data.log = ( ! that->value.data.log );
	 else if( that->type==BITSTR )
	    bitnot( this->value.data.str, that->value.data.str );
	 break;
      }
      this->operation = CONST_OP;

   } else {

      Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );

      if( !lParse->status ) {

	 if( this->type!=BITSTR ) {
	    elem = lParse->nRows;
	    if( this->type!=STRING )
	       elem *= this->value.nelem;
	    while( elem-- )
	       this->value.undef[elem] = that->value.undef[elem];
	 }

	 elem = lParse->nRows * this->value.nelem;

	 switch( this->operation ) {

	 case BOOLEAN:
	    if( that->type==DOUBLE )
	       while( elem-- )
		  this->value.data.logptr[elem] =
		     ( that->value.data.dblptr[elem] != 0.0 );
	    else if( that->type==LONG )
	       while( elem-- )
		  this->value.data.logptr[elem] =
		     ( that->value.data.lngptr[elem] != 0L );
	    break;

	 case DOUBLE:
	 case FLTCAST:
	    if( that->type==LONG )
	       while( elem-- )
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] =
		     (double)that->value.data.lngptr[elem];
	    else if( that->type==BOOLEAN )
	       while( elem-- )
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] =
		     ( that->value.data.logptr[elem] ? 1.0 : 0.0 );
	    break;

	 case LONG:
	 case INTCAST:
	    if( that->type==DOUBLE )
	       while( elem-- )
		  this->value.data.lngptr[elem] =
		     (long)that->value.data.dblptr[elem];
	    else if( that->type==BOOLEAN )
	       while( elem-- )
		  this->value.data.lngptr[elem] =
		     ( that->value.data.logptr[elem] ? 1L : 0L );
	    break;

	 case UMINUS:
	    if( that->type==DOUBLE ) {
	       while( elem-- )
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] =
		     - that->value.data.dblptr[elem];
	    } else if( that->type==LONG ) {
	       while( elem-- )
		  this->value.data.lngptr[elem] =
		     - that->value.data.lngptr[elem];
	    }
	    break;

	 case NOT:
	    if( that->type==BOOLEAN ) {
	       while( elem-- )
		  this->value.data.logptr[elem] =
		     ( ! that->value.data.logptr[elem] );
	    } else if( that->type==BITSTR ) {
	       elem = lParse->nRows;
	       while( elem-- )
		  bitnot( this->value.data.strptr[elem],
			  that->value.data.strptr[elem] );
	    }
	    break;
	 }
      }
   }

   if( that->operation>0 ) {
      free( that->value.data.ptr );
   }
}

static void Do_Offset( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
{
   Node *col;
   long fRow, nRowOverlap, nRowReload, rowOffset;
   long nelem, elem, offset, nRealElem;
   int status;

   col       = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[0];
   rowOffset = lParse->Nodes[  this->SubNodes[1] ].value.data.lng;

   Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );

   fRow   = lParse->firstRow + rowOffset;
   if( this->type==STRING || this->type==BITSTR )
      nRealElem = 1;
   else
      nRealElem = this->value.nelem;

   nelem = nRealElem;

   if( fRow < lParse->firstDataRow ) {

      /* Must fill in data at start of array */

      nRowReload = lParse->firstDataRow - fRow;
      if( nRowReload > lParse->nRows ) nRowReload = lParse->nRows;
      nRowOverlap = lParse->nRows - nRowReload;

      offset = 0;

      /*  NULLify any values falling out of bounds  */

      while( fRow<1 && nRowReload>0 ) {
	 if( this->type == BITSTR ) {
	    nelem = this->value.nelem;
	    this->value.data.strptr[offset][ nelem ] = '\0';
	    while( nelem-- ) this->value.data.strptr[offset][nelem] = '0';
	    offset++;
	 } else {
	    while( nelem-- )
	       this->value.undef[offset++] = 1;
	 }
	 nelem = nRealElem;
	 fRow++;
	 nRowReload--;
      }

   } else if( fRow + lParse->nRows > lParse->firstDataRow + lParse->nDataRows ) {

      /* Must fill in data at end of array */

      nRowReload = (fRow+lParse->nRows) - (lParse->firstDataRow+lParse->nDataRows);
      if( nRowReload>lParse->nRows ) {
	 nRowReload = lParse->nRows;
      } else {
	 fRow = lParse->firstDataRow + lParse->nDataRows;
      }
      nRowOverlap = lParse->nRows - nRowReload;

      offset = nRowOverlap * nelem;

      /*  NULLify any values falling out of bounds  */

      elem = lParse->nRows * nelem;
      while( fRow+nRowReload>lParse->totalRows && nRowReload>0 ) {
	 if( this->type == BITSTR ) {
	    nelem = this->value.nelem;
	    elem--;
	    this->value.data.strptr[elem][ nelem ] = '\0';
	    while( nelem-- ) this->value.data.strptr[elem][nelem] = '0';
	 } else {
	    while( nelem-- )
	       this->value.undef[--elem] = 1;
	 }
	 nelem = nRealElem;
	 nRowReload--;
      }

   } else {

      nRowReload  = 0;
      nRowOverlap = lParse->nRows;
      offset      = 0;

   }

   if( nRowReload>0 ) {
      switch( this->type ) {
      case BITSTR:
      case STRING:
	 status = (*lParse->loadData)( lParse, -col->operation, fRow, nRowReload,
				      this->value.data.strptr+offset,
				      this->value.undef+offset );
	 break;
      case BOOLEAN:
	 status = (*lParse->loadData)( lParse, -col->operation, fRow, nRowReload,
				      this->value.data.logptr+offset,
				      this->value.undef+offset );
	 break;
      case LONG:
	 status = (*lParse->loadData)( lParse, -col->operation, fRow, nRowReload,
				      this->value.data.lngptr+offset,
				      this->value.undef+offset );
	 break;
      case DOUBLE:
	 status = (*lParse->loadData)( lParse, -col->operation, fRow, nRowReload,
				      this->value.data.dblptr+offset,
				      this->value.undef+offset );
	 break;
      }
   }

   /*  Now copy over the overlapping region, if any  */

   if( nRowOverlap <= 0 ) return;

   if( rowOffset>0 )
      elem = nRowOverlap * nelem;
   else
      elem = lParse->nRows * nelem;

   offset = nelem * rowOffset;
   while( nRowOverlap-- && !lParse->status ) {
      while( nelem-- && !lParse->status ) {
	 elem--;
	 if( this->type != BITSTR )
	    this->value.undef[elem] = col->value.undef[elem+offset];
	 switch( this->type ) {
	 case BITSTR:
	    strcpy( this->value.data.strptr[elem       ],
                     col->value.data.strptr[elem+offset] );
	    break;
	 case STRING:
	    strcpy( this->value.data.strptr[elem       ],
                     col->value.data.strptr[elem+offset] );
	    break;
	 case BOOLEAN:
	    this->value.data.logptr[elem] = col->value.data.logptr[elem+offset];
	    break;
	 case LONG:
	    this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = col->value.data.lngptr[elem+offset];
	    break;
	 case DOUBLE:
	    this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = col->value.data.dblptr[elem+offset];
	    break;
	 }
      }
      nelem = nRealElem;
   }
}

static void Do_BinOp_bit( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
{
   Node *that1, *that2;
   char *sptr1=NULL, *sptr2=NULL;
   int  const1, const2;
   long rows;

   that1 = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[0];
   that2 = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[1];

   const1 = ( that1->operation==CONST_OP );
   const2 = ( that2->operation==CONST_OP );
   sptr1  = ( const1 ? that1->value.data.str : NULL );
   sptr2  = ( const2 ? that2->value.data.str : NULL );

   if( const1 && const2 ) {
      switch( this->operation ) {
      case NE:
	 this->value.data.log = !bitcmp( sptr1, sptr2 );
	 break;
      case EQ:
	 this->value.data.log =  bitcmp( sptr1, sptr2 );
	 break;
      case GT:
      case LT:
      case LTE:
      case GTE:
	 this->value.data.log = bitlgte( sptr1, this->operation, sptr2 );
	 break;
      case '|': 
	 bitor( this->value.data.str, sptr1, sptr2 );
	 break;
      case '&': 
	 bitand( this->value.data.str, sptr1, sptr2 );
	 break;
      case '+':
	 strcpy( this->value.data.str, sptr1 );
	 strcat( this->value.data.str, sptr2 );
	 break;
      case ACCUM:
	this->value.data.lng = 0;
	while( *sptr1 ) {
	  if ( *sptr1 == '1' ) this->value.data.lng ++;
	  sptr1 ++;
	}
	break;
	
      }
      this->operation = CONST_OP;

   } else {

      Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );
     
      if( !lParse->status ) {
	 rows  = lParse->nRows;
	 switch( this->operation ) {

	    /*  BITSTR comparisons  */

	 case NE:
	 case EQ:
	 case GT:
	 case LT:
	 case LTE:
	 case GTE:
	    while( rows-- ) {
	       if( !const1 )
		  sptr1 = that1->value.data.strptr[rows];
	       if( !const2 )
		  sptr2 = that2->value.data.strptr[rows];
	       switch( this->operation ) {
	       case NE:  this->value.data.logptr[rows] = 
                                                      !bitcmp( sptr1, sptr2 );
                         break;
	       case EQ:  this->value.data.logptr[rows] = 
                                                       bitcmp( sptr1, sptr2 );
                         break;
	       case GT:
	       case LT:
	       case LTE:
	       case GTE: this->value.data.logptr[rows] = 
                                     bitlgte( sptr1, this->operation, sptr2 );
	                 break;
	       }
	       this->value.undef[rows] = 0;
	    }
	    break;
	 
	    /*  BITSTR AND/ORs ...  no UNDEFS in or out */
      
	 case '|': 
	 case '&': 
	 case '+':
	    while( rows-- ) {
	       if( !const1 )
		  sptr1 = that1->value.data.strptr[rows];
	       if( !const2 )
		  sptr2 = that2->value.data.strptr[rows];
	       if( this->operation=='|' )
		  bitor(  this->value.data.strptr[rows], sptr1, sptr2 );
	       else if( this->operation=='&' )
		  bitand( this->value.data.strptr[rows], sptr1, sptr2 );
	       else {
		  strcpy( this->value.data.strptr[rows], sptr1 );
		  strcat( this->value.data.strptr[rows], sptr2 );
	       }
	    }
	    break;

	    /* Accumulate 1 bits */
	 case ACCUM:
	   { 
	     long i, previous, curr;

	     previous = that2->value.data.lng;
	     
	      /* Cumulative sum of this chunk */
	     for (i=0; ivalue.data.strptr[i];
	       for (curr = 0; *sptr1; sptr1 ++) {
		 if ( *sptr1 == '1' ) curr ++;
	       }
	       previous += curr;
	       this->value.data.lngptr[i] = previous;
	       this->value.undef[i] = 0;
	     }
	     
	      /* Store final cumulant for next pass */
	     that2->value.data.lng = previous;
	   }
	 }
      }
   }

   if( that1->operation>0 ) {
      free( that1->value.data.strptr[0] );
      free( that1->value.data.strptr    );
   }
   if( that2->operation>0 ) {
      free( that2->value.data.strptr[0] );
      free( that2->value.data.strptr    );
   }
}

static void Do_BinOp_str( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
{
   Node *that1, *that2;
   char *sptr1, *sptr2, null1=0, null2=0;
   int const1, const2, val;
   long rows;

   that1 = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[0];
   that2 = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[1];

   const1 = ( that1->operation==CONST_OP );
   const2 = ( that2->operation==CONST_OP );
   sptr1  = ( const1 ? that1->value.data.str : NULL );
   sptr2  = ( const2 ? that2->value.data.str : NULL );

   if( const1 && const2 ) {  /*  Result is a constant  */
      switch( this->operation ) {

	 /*  Compare Strings  */

      case NE:
      case EQ:
	 val = ( FSTRCMP( sptr1, sptr2 ) == 0 );
	 this->value.data.log = ( this->operation==EQ ? val : !val );
	 break;
      case GT:
	 this->value.data.log = ( FSTRCMP( sptr1, sptr2 ) > 0 );
	 break;
      case LT:
	 this->value.data.log = ( FSTRCMP( sptr1, sptr2 ) < 0 );
	 break;
      case GTE:
	 this->value.data.log = ( FSTRCMP( sptr1, sptr2 ) >= 0 );
	 break;
      case LTE:
	 this->value.data.log = ( FSTRCMP( sptr1, sptr2 ) <= 0 );
	 break;

	 /*  Concat Strings  */

      case '+':
	 strcpy( this->value.data.str, sptr1 );
	 strcat( this->value.data.str, sptr2 );
	 break;
      }
      this->operation = CONST_OP;

   } else {  /*  Not a constant  */

     Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );

      if( !lParse->status ) {

	 rows = lParse->nRows;
	 switch( this->operation ) {

	    /*  Compare Strings  */

	 case NE:
	 case EQ:
	    while( rows-- ) {
	       if( !const1 ) null1 = that1->value.undef[rows];
	       if( !const2 ) null2 = that2->value.undef[rows];
	       this->value.undef[rows] = (null1 || null2);
	       if( ! this->value.undef[rows] ) {
		  if( !const1 ) sptr1  = that1->value.data.strptr[rows];
		  if( !const2 ) sptr2  = that2->value.data.strptr[rows];
		  val = ( FSTRCMP( sptr1, sptr2 ) == 0 );
		  this->value.data.logptr[rows] =
		     ( this->operation==EQ ? val : !val );
	       }
	    }
	    break;
	    
	 case GT:
	 case LT:
	    while( rows-- ) {
	       if( !const1 ) null1 = that1->value.undef[rows];
	       if( !const2 ) null2 = that2->value.undef[rows];
	       this->value.undef[rows] = (null1 || null2);
	       if( ! this->value.undef[rows] ) {
		  if( !const1 ) sptr1  = that1->value.data.strptr[rows];
		  if( !const2 ) sptr2  = that2->value.data.strptr[rows];
		  val = ( FSTRCMP( sptr1, sptr2 ) );
		  this->value.data.logptr[rows] =
		     ( this->operation==GT ? val>0 : val<0 );
	       }
	    }
	    break;

	 case GTE:
	 case LTE:
	    while( rows-- ) {
	       if( !const1 ) null1 = that1->value.undef[rows];
	       if( !const2 ) null2 = that2->value.undef[rows];
	       this->value.undef[rows] = (null1 || null2);
	       if( ! this->value.undef[rows] ) {
		  if( !const1 ) sptr1  = that1->value.data.strptr[rows];
		  if( !const2 ) sptr2  = that2->value.data.strptr[rows];
		  val = ( FSTRCMP( sptr1, sptr2 ) );
		  this->value.data.logptr[rows] =
		     ( this->operation==GTE ? val>=0 : val<=0 );
	       }
	    }
	    break;

	    /*  Concat Strings  */
	    
	 case '+':
	    while( rows-- ) {
	       if( !const1 ) null1 = that1->value.undef[rows];
	       if( !const2 ) null2 = that2->value.undef[rows];
	       this->value.undef[rows] = (null1 || null2);
	       if( ! this->value.undef[rows] ) {
		  if( !const1 ) sptr1  = that1->value.data.strptr[rows];
		  if( !const2 ) sptr2  = that2->value.data.strptr[rows];
		  strcpy( this->value.data.strptr[rows], sptr1 );
		  strcat( this->value.data.strptr[rows], sptr2 );
	       }
	    }
	    break;
	 }
      }
   }

   if( that1->operation>0 ) {
      free( that1->value.data.strptr[0] );
      free( that1->value.data.strptr );
   }
   if( that2->operation>0 ) {
      free( that2->value.data.strptr[0] );
      free( that2->value.data.strptr );
   }
}

static void Do_BinOp_log( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
{
   Node *that1, *that2;
   int vector1, vector2;
   char val1=0, val2=0, null1=0, null2=0;
   long rows, nelem, elem;

   that1 = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[0];
   that2 = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[1];

   vector1 = ( that1->operation!=CONST_OP );
   if( vector1 )
      vector1 = that1->value.nelem;
   else {
      val1  = that1->value.data.log;
   }

   vector2 = ( that2->operation!=CONST_OP );
   if( vector2 )
      vector2 = that2->value.nelem;
   else {
      val2  = that2->value.data.log;
   }

   if( !vector1 && !vector2 ) {  /*  Result is a constant  */
      switch( this->operation ) {
      case OR:
	 this->value.data.log = (val1 || val2);
	 break;
      case AND:
	 this->value.data.log = (val1 && val2);
	 break;
      case EQ:
	 this->value.data.log = ( (val1 && val2) || (!val1 && !val2) );
	 break;
      case NE:
	 this->value.data.log = ( (val1 && !val2) || (!val1 && val2) );
	 break;
      case ACCUM:
	 this->value.data.lng = val1;
	 break;
      }
      this->operation=CONST_OP;
   } else if (this->operation == ACCUM) {
      long i, previous, curr;
      rows  = lParse->nRows;
      nelem = this->value.nelem;
      elem  = this->value.nelem * rows;
      
      Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );
      
      if( !lParse->status ) {
	previous = that2->value.data.lng;
	
	/* Cumulative sum of this chunk */
	for (i=0; ivalue.undef[i]) {
	    curr = that1->value.data.logptr[i];
	    previous += curr;
	  }
	  this->value.data.lngptr[i] = previous;
	  this->value.undef[i] = 0;
	}
	
	/* Store final cumulant for next pass */
	that2->value.data.lng = previous;
      }
      
   } else {
      rows  = lParse->nRows;
      nelem = this->value.nelem;
      elem  = this->value.nelem * rows;

      Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );

      if( !lParse->status ) {
	
	 if (this->operation == ACCUM) {
	   long i, previous, curr;
	   
	   previous = that2->value.data.lng;
	   
	   /* Cumulative sum of this chunk */
	   for (i=0; ivalue.undef[i]) {
	       curr = that1->value.data.logptr[i];
	       previous += curr;
	     }
	     this->value.data.lngptr[i] = previous;
	     this->value.undef[i] = 0;
	   }
	   
	   /* Store final cumulant for next pass */
	   that2->value.data.lng = previous;
	 }
	
	 while( rows-- ) {
	    while( nelem-- ) {
	       elem--;

	       if( vector1>1 ) {
		  val1  = that1->value.data.logptr[elem];
		  null1 = that1->value.undef[elem];
	       } else if( vector1 ) {
		  val1  = that1->value.data.logptr[rows];
		  null1 = that1->value.undef[rows];
	       }

	       if( vector2>1 ) {
		  val2  = that2->value.data.logptr[elem];
		  null2 = that2->value.undef[elem];
	       } else if( vector2 ) {
		  val2  = that2->value.data.logptr[rows];
		  null2 = that2->value.undef[rows];
	       }

	       this->value.undef[elem] = (null1 || null2);
	       switch( this->operation ) {

	       case OR:
		  /*  This is more complicated than others to suppress UNDEFs */
		  /*  in those cases where the other argument is DEF && TRUE  */

		  if( !null1 && !null2 ) {
		     this->value.data.logptr[elem] = (val1 || val2);
		  } else if( (null1 && !null2 && val2)
			     || ( !null1 && null2 && val1 ) ) {
		     this->value.data.logptr[elem] = 1;
		     this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
		  }
		  break;

	       case AND:
		  /*  This is more complicated than others to suppress UNDEFs */
		  /*  in those cases where the other argument is DEF && FALSE */

		  if( !null1 && !null2 ) {
		     this->value.data.logptr[elem] = (val1 && val2);
		  } else if( (null1 && !null2 && !val2)
			     || ( !null1 && null2 && !val1 ) ) {
		     this->value.data.logptr[elem] = 0;
		     this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
		  }
		  break;

	       case EQ:
		  this->value.data.logptr[elem] = 
		     ( (val1 && val2) || (!val1 && !val2) );
		  break;

	       case NE:
		  this->value.data.logptr[elem] =
		     ( (val1 && !val2) || (!val1 && val2) );
		  break;
	       }
	    }
	    nelem = this->value.nelem;
	 }
      }
   }

   if( that1->operation>0 ) {
      free( that1->value.data.ptr );
   }
   if( that2->operation>0 ) {
      free( that2->value.data.ptr );
   }
}

static void Do_BinOp_lng( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
{
   Node *that1, *that2;
   int  vector1, vector2;
   long val1=0, val2=0;
   char null1=0, null2=0;
   long rows, nelem, elem;

   that1 = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[0];
   that2 = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[1];

   vector1 = ( that1->operation!=CONST_OP );
   if( vector1 )
      vector1 = that1->value.nelem;
   else {
      val1  = that1->value.data.lng;
   }

   vector2 = ( that2->operation!=CONST_OP );
   if( vector2 )
      vector2 = that2->value.nelem;
   else {
      val2  = that2->value.data.lng;
   }

   if( !vector1 && !vector2 ) {  /*  Result is a constant  */

      switch( this->operation ) {
      case '~':   /* Treat as == for LONGS */
      case EQ:    this->value.data.log = (val1 == val2);   break;
      case NE:    this->value.data.log = (val1 != val2);   break;
      case GT:    this->value.data.log = (val1 >  val2);   break;
      case LT:    this->value.data.log = (val1 <  val2);   break;
      case LTE:   this->value.data.log = (val1 <= val2);   break;
      case GTE:   this->value.data.log = (val1 >= val2);   break;

      case '+':   this->value.data.lng = (val1  + val2);   break;
      case '-':   this->value.data.lng = (val1  - val2);   break;
      case '*':   this->value.data.lng = (val1  * val2);   break;

      case '&':   this->value.data.lng = (val1  & val2);   break;
      case '|':   this->value.data.lng = (val1  | val2);   break;
      case '^':   this->value.data.lng = (val1  ^ val2);   break;

      case '%':
	 if( val2 ) this->value.data.lng = (val1 % val2);
	 else       yyerror(0, lParse, "Divide by Zero");
	 break;
      case '/': 
	 if( val2 ) this->value.data.lng = (val1 / val2); 
	 else       yyerror(0, lParse, "Divide by Zero");
	 break;
      case POWER:
	 this->value.data.lng = (long)pow((double)val1,(double)val2);
	 break;
      case ACCUM:
	 this->value.data.lng = val1;
	 break;
      case DIFF:
	 this->value.data.lng = 0;
	 break;
      }
      this->operation=CONST_OP;

   } else if ((this->operation == ACCUM) || (this->operation == DIFF)) {
      long i, previous, curr;
      long undef;
      rows  = lParse->nRows;
      nelem = this->value.nelem;
      elem  = this->value.nelem * rows;
      
      Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );
      
      if( !lParse->status ) {
	previous = that2->value.data.lng;
	undef    = (long) that2->value.undef;
	
	if (this->operation == ACCUM) {
	  /* Cumulative sum of this chunk */
	  for (i=0; ivalue.undef[i]) {
	      curr = that1->value.data.lngptr[i];
	      previous += curr;
	    }
	    this->value.data.lngptr[i] = previous;
	    this->value.undef[i] = 0;
	  }
	} else {
	  /* Sequential difference for this chunk */
	  for (i=0; ivalue.data.lngptr[i];
	    if (that1->value.undef[i] || undef) {
	      /* Either this, or previous, value was undefined */
	      this->value.data.lngptr[i] = 0;
	      this->value.undef[i] = 1;
	    } else {
	      /* Both defined, we are okay! */
	      this->value.data.lngptr[i] = curr - previous;
	      this->value.undef[i] = 0;
	    }

	    previous = curr;
	    undef = that1->value.undef[i];
	  }
	}	  
	
	/* Store final cumulant for next pass */
	that2->value.data.lng = previous;
	that2->value.undef    = (char *) undef; /* XXX evil, but no harm here */
      }
      
   } else {

      rows  = lParse->nRows;
      nelem = this->value.nelem;
      elem  = this->value.nelem * rows;

      Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );

      while( rows-- && !lParse->status ) {
	 while( nelem-- && !lParse->status ) {
	    elem--;

	    if( vector1>1 ) {
	       val1  = that1->value.data.lngptr[elem];
	       null1 = that1->value.undef[elem];
	    } else if( vector1 ) {
	       val1  = that1->value.data.lngptr[rows];
	       null1 = that1->value.undef[rows];
	    }

	    if( vector2>1 ) {
	       val2  = that2->value.data.lngptr[elem];
	       null2 = that2->value.undef[elem];
	    } else if( vector2 ) {
	       val2  = that2->value.data.lngptr[rows];
	       null2 = that2->value.undef[rows];
	    }

	    this->value.undef[elem] = (null1 || null2);
	    switch( this->operation ) {
	    case '~':   /* Treat as == for LONGS */
	    case EQ:   this->value.data.logptr[elem] = (val1 == val2);   break;
	    case NE:   this->value.data.logptr[elem] = (val1 != val2);   break;
	    case GT:   this->value.data.logptr[elem] = (val1 >  val2);   break;
	    case LT:   this->value.data.logptr[elem] = (val1 <  val2);   break;
	    case LTE:  this->value.data.logptr[elem] = (val1 <= val2);   break;
	    case GTE:  this->value.data.logptr[elem] = (val1 >= val2);   break;
	       
	    case '+':  this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = (val1  + val2);   break;
	    case '-':  this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = (val1  - val2);   break;
	    case '*':  this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = (val1  * val2);   break;

	    case '&':  this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = (val1  & val2);   break;
	    case '|':  this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = (val1  | val2);   break;
	    case '^':  this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = (val1  ^ val2);   break;

	    case '%':   
	       if( val2 ) this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = (val1 % val2);
	       else {
		 this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = 0;
		 this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
	       }
	       break;
	    case '/': 
	       if( val2 ) this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = (val1 / val2); 
	       else {
		 this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = 0;
		 this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
	       }
	       break;
	    case POWER:
	       this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = (long)pow((double)val1,(double)val2);
	       break;
	    }
	 }
	 nelem = this->value.nelem;
      }
   }

   if( that1->operation>0 ) {
      free( that1->value.data.ptr );
   }
   if( that2->operation>0 ) {
      free( that2->value.data.ptr );
   }
}

static void Do_BinOp_dbl( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
{
   Node   *that1, *that2;
   int    vector1, vector2;
   double val1=0.0, val2=0.0;
   char   null1=0, null2=0;
   long   rows, nelem, elem;

   that1 = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[0];
   that2 = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[1];

   vector1 = ( that1->operation!=CONST_OP );
   if( vector1 )
      vector1 = that1->value.nelem;
   else {
      val1  = that1->value.data.dbl;
   }

   vector2 = ( that2->operation!=CONST_OP );
   if( vector2 )
      vector2 = that2->value.nelem;
   else {
      val2  = that2->value.data.dbl;
   } 

   if( !vector1 && !vector2 ) {  /*  Result is a constant  */

      switch( this->operation ) {
      case '~':   this->value.data.log = ( fabs(val1-val2) < APPROX );   break;
      case EQ:    this->value.data.log = (val1 == val2);   break;
      case NE:    this->value.data.log = (val1 != val2);   break;
      case GT:    this->value.data.log = (val1 >  val2);   break;
      case LT:    this->value.data.log = (val1 <  val2);   break;
      case LTE:   this->value.data.log = (val1 <= val2);   break;
      case GTE:   this->value.data.log = (val1 >= val2);   break;

      case '+':   this->value.data.dbl = (val1  + val2);   break;
      case '-':   this->value.data.dbl = (val1  - val2);   break;
      case '*':   this->value.data.dbl = (val1  * val2);   break;

      case '%':
	 if( val2 ) this->value.data.dbl = val1 - val2*((int)(val1/val2));
	 else       yyerror(0, lParse, "Divide by Zero");
	 break;
      case '/': 
	 if( val2 ) this->value.data.dbl = (val1 / val2); 
	 else       yyerror(0, lParse, "Divide by Zero");
	 break;
      case POWER:
	 this->value.data.dbl = (double)pow(val1,val2);
	 break;
      case ACCUM:
	 this->value.data.dbl = val1;
	 break;
      case DIFF:
	this->value.data.dbl = 0;
	 break;
      }
      this->operation=CONST_OP;

   } else if ((this->operation == ACCUM) || (this->operation == DIFF)) {
      long i;
      long undef;
      double previous, curr;
      rows  = lParse->nRows;
      nelem = this->value.nelem;
      elem  = this->value.nelem * rows;
      
      Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );
      
      if( !lParse->status ) {
	previous = that2->value.data.dbl;
	undef    = (long) that2->value.undef;
	
	if (this->operation == ACCUM) {
	  /* Cumulative sum of this chunk */
	  for (i=0; ivalue.undef[i]) {
	      curr = that1->value.data.dblptr[i];
	      previous += curr;
	    }
	    this->value.data.dblptr[i] = previous;
	    this->value.undef[i] = 0;
	  }
	} else {
	  /* Sequential difference for this chunk */
	  for (i=0; ivalue.data.dblptr[i];
	    if (that1->value.undef[i] || undef) {
	      /* Either this, or previous, value was undefined */
	      this->value.data.dblptr[i] = 0;
	      this->value.undef[i] = 1;
	    } else {
	      /* Both defined, we are okay! */
	      this->value.data.dblptr[i] = curr - previous;
	      this->value.undef[i] = 0;
	    }

	    previous = curr;
	    undef = that1->value.undef[i];
	  }
	}	  
	
	/* Store final cumulant for next pass */
	that2->value.data.dbl = previous;
	that2->value.undef    = (char *) undef; /* XXX evil, but no harm here */
      }
      
   } else {

      rows  = lParse->nRows;
      nelem = this->value.nelem;
      elem  = this->value.nelem * rows;

      Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );

      while( rows-- && !lParse->status ) {
	 while( nelem-- && !lParse->status ) {
	    elem--;

	    if( vector1>1 ) {
	       val1  = that1->value.data.dblptr[elem];
	       null1 = that1->value.undef[elem];
	    } else if( vector1 ) {
	       val1  = that1->value.data.dblptr[rows];
	       null1 = that1->value.undef[rows];
	    }

	    if( vector2>1 ) {
	       val2  = that2->value.data.dblptr[elem];
	       null2 = that2->value.undef[elem];
	    } else if( vector2 ) {
	       val2  = that2->value.data.dblptr[rows];
	       null2 = that2->value.undef[rows];
	    }

	    this->value.undef[elem] = (null1 || null2);
	    switch( this->operation ) {
	    case '~':   this->value.data.logptr[elem] =
                                          ( fabs(val1-val2) < APPROX );   break;
	    case EQ:    this->value.data.logptr[elem] = (val1 == val2);   break;
	    case NE:    this->value.data.logptr[elem] = (val1 != val2);   break;
	    case GT:    this->value.data.logptr[elem] = (val1 >  val2);   break;
	    case LT:    this->value.data.logptr[elem] = (val1 <  val2);   break;
	    case LTE:   this->value.data.logptr[elem] = (val1 <= val2);   break;
	    case GTE:   this->value.data.logptr[elem] = (val1 >= val2);   break;
	       
	    case '+':   this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = (val1  + val2);   break;
	    case '-':   this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = (val1  - val2);   break;
	    case '*':   this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = (val1  * val2);   break;

	    case '%':
	       if( val2 ) this->value.data.dblptr[elem] =
                                val1 - val2*((int)(val1/val2));
	       else {
		 this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 0.0;
		 this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
	       }
	       break;
	    case '/': 
	       if( val2 ) this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = (val1 / val2); 
	       else {
		 this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 0.0;
		 this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
	       }
	       break;
	    case POWER:
	       this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = (double)pow(val1,val2);
	       break;
	    }
	 }
	 nelem = this->value.nelem;
      }
   }

   if( that1->operation>0 ) {
      free( that1->value.data.ptr );
   }
   if( that2->operation>0 ) {
      free( that2->value.data.ptr );
   }
}

/*
 *  This Quickselect routine is based on the algorithm described in
 *  "Numerical recipes in C", Second Edition,
 *  Cambridge University Press, 1992, Section 8.5, ISBN 0-521-43108-5
 *  This code by Nicolas Devillard - 1998. Public domain.
 * http://ndevilla.free.fr/median/median/src/quickselect.c
 */

#define ELEM_SWAP(a,b) { register long t=(a);(a)=(b);(b)=t; }

/* 
 * qselect_median_lng - select the median value of a long array
 *
 * This routine selects the median value of the long integer array
 * arr[].  If there are an even number of elements, the "lower median"
 * is selected.
 *
 * The array arr[] is scrambled, so users must operate on a scratch
 * array if they wish the values to be preserved.
 *
 * long arr[] - array of values
 * int n - number of elements in arr
 *
 * RETURNS: the lower median value of arr[]
 *
 */
long qselect_median_lng(long arr[], int n)
{
    int low, high ;
    int median;
    int middle, ll, hh;

    low = 0 ; high = n-1 ; median = (low + high) / 2;
    for (;;) {

        if (high <= low) { /* One element only */
	  return arr[median];	  
	}

        if (high == low + 1) {  /* Two elements only */
            if (arr[low] > arr[high])
                ELEM_SWAP(arr[low], arr[high]) ;
	    return arr[median];
        }

    /* Find median of low, middle and high items; swap into position low */
    middle = (low + high) / 2;
    if (arr[middle] > arr[high])    ELEM_SWAP(arr[middle], arr[high]) ;
    if (arr[low] > arr[high])       ELEM_SWAP(arr[low], arr[high]) ;
    if (arr[middle] > arr[low])     ELEM_SWAP(arr[middle], arr[low]) ;

    /* Swap low item (now in position middle) into position (low+1) */
    ELEM_SWAP(arr[middle], arr[low+1]) ;

    /* Nibble from each end towards middle, swapping items when stuck */
    ll = low + 1;
    hh = high;
    for (;;) {
        do ll++; while (arr[low] > arr[ll]) ;
        do hh--; while (arr[hh]  > arr[low]) ;

        if (hh < ll)
        break;

        ELEM_SWAP(arr[ll], arr[hh]) ;
    }

    /* Swap middle item (in position low) back into correct position */
    ELEM_SWAP(arr[low], arr[hh]) ;

    /* Re-set active partition */
    if (hh <= median)
        low = ll;
        if (hh >= median)
        high = hh - 1;
    }
}

#undef ELEM_SWAP

#define ELEM_SWAP(a,b) { register double t=(a);(a)=(b);(b)=t; }

/* 
 * qselect_median_dbl - select the median value of a double array
 *
 * This routine selects the median value of the double array
 * arr[].  If there are an even number of elements, the "lower median"
 * is selected.
 *
 * The array arr[] is scrambled, so users must operate on a scratch
 * array if they wish the values to be preserved.
 *
 * double arr[] - array of values
 * int n - number of elements in arr
 *
 * RETURNS: the lower median value of arr[]
 *
 */
double qselect_median_dbl(double arr[], int n)
{
    int low, high ;
    int median;
    int middle, ll, hh;

    low = 0 ; high = n-1 ; median = (low + high) / 2;
    for (;;) {
        if (high <= low) { /* One element only */
            return arr[median] ;
	}

        if (high == low + 1) {  /* Two elements only */
            if (arr[low] > arr[high])
                ELEM_SWAP(arr[low], arr[high]) ;
            return arr[median] ;
        }

    /* Find median of low, middle and high items; swap into position low */
    middle = (low + high) / 2;
    if (arr[middle] > arr[high])    ELEM_SWAP(arr[middle], arr[high]) ;
    if (arr[low] > arr[high])       ELEM_SWAP(arr[low], arr[high]) ;
    if (arr[middle] > arr[low])     ELEM_SWAP(arr[middle], arr[low]) ;

    /* Swap low item (now in position middle) into position (low+1) */
    ELEM_SWAP(arr[middle], arr[low+1]) ;

    /* Nibble from each end towards middle, swapping items when stuck */
    ll = low + 1;
    hh = high;
    for (;;) {
        do ll++; while (arr[low] > arr[ll]) ;
        do hh--; while (arr[hh]  > arr[low]) ;

        if (hh < ll)
        break;

        ELEM_SWAP(arr[ll], arr[hh]) ;
    }

    /* Swap middle item (in position low) back into correct position */
    ELEM_SWAP(arr[low], arr[hh]) ;

    /* Re-set active partition */
    if (hh <= median)
        low = ll;
        if (hh >= median)
        high = hh - 1;
    }
}

#undef ELEM_SWAP

/*
 * angsep_calc - compute angular separation between celestial coordinates
 *   
 * This routine computes the angular separation between to coordinates
 * on the celestial sphere (i.e. RA and Dec).  Note that all units are
 * in DEGREES, unlike the other trig functions in the calculator.
 *
 * double ra1, dec1 - RA and Dec of the first position in degrees
 * double ra2, dec2 - RA and Dec of the second position in degrees
 * 
 * RETURNS: (double) angular separation in degrees
 *
 */
double angsep_calc(double ra1, double dec1, double ra2, double dec2)
{
/*  double cd;  */
  static double deg = 0;
  double a, sdec, sra;
  
  if (deg == 0) deg = ((double)4)*atan((double)1)/((double)180);
  /* deg = 1.0; **** UNCOMMENT IF YOU WANT RADIANS */

  /* The algorithm is the law of Haversines.  This algorithm is
     stable even when the points are close together.  The normal
     Law of Cosines fails for angles around 0.1 arcsec. */

  sra  = sin( (ra2 - ra1)*deg / 2 );
  sdec = sin( (dec2 - dec1)*deg / 2);
  a = sdec*sdec + cos(dec1*deg)*cos(dec2*deg)*sra*sra;

  /* Sanity checking to avoid a range error in the sqrt()'s below */
  if (a < 0) { a = 0; }
  if (a > 1) { a = 1; }

  return 2.0*atan2(sqrt(a), sqrt(1.0 - a)) / deg;
}

static void Do_Func( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
{
   Node *theParams[MAXSUBS];
   int  vector[MAXSUBS], allConst;
   lval pVals[MAXSUBS];
   char pNull[MAXSUBS];
   long   ival;
   double dval;
   int  i, valInit;
   long row, elem, nelem;

   i = this->nSubNodes;
   allConst = 1;
   while( i-- ) {
      theParams[i] = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[i];
      vector[i]   = ( theParams[i]->operation!=CONST_OP );
      if( vector[i] ) {
	 allConst = 0;
	 vector[i] = theParams[i]->value.nelem;
      } else {
	 if( theParams[i]->type==DOUBLE ) {
	    pVals[i].data.dbl = theParams[i]->value.data.dbl;
	 } else if( theParams[i]->type==LONG ) {
	    pVals[i].data.lng = theParams[i]->value.data.lng;
	 } else if( theParams[i]->type==BOOLEAN ) {
	    pVals[i].data.log = theParams[i]->value.data.log;
	 } else
	    strcpy(pVals[i].data.str, theParams[i]->value.data.str);
	 pNull[i] = 0;
      }
   }

   if( this->nSubNodes==0 ) allConst = 0; /* These do produce scalars */
   /* Random numbers are *never* constant !! */
   if( this->operation == poirnd_fct ) allConst = 0;
   if( this->operation == gasrnd_fct ) allConst = 0;
   if( this->operation == rnd_fct ) allConst = 0;

   if( allConst ) {

      switch( this->operation ) {

	    /* Non-Trig single-argument functions */

	 case sum_fct:
	    if( theParams[0]->type==BOOLEAN )
	       this->value.data.lng = ( pVals[0].data.log ? 1 : 0 );
	    else if( theParams[0]->type==LONG )
	       this->value.data.lng = pVals[0].data.lng;
	    else if( theParams[0]->type==DOUBLE )
	       this->value.data.dbl = pVals[0].data.dbl;
	    else if( theParams[0]->type==BITSTR )
	      strcpy(this->value.data.str, pVals[0].data.str);
	    break;
         case average_fct:
	    if( theParams[0]->type==LONG )
	       this->value.data.dbl = pVals[0].data.lng;
	    else if( theParams[0]->type==DOUBLE )
	       this->value.data.dbl = pVals[0].data.dbl;
	    break;
         case stddev_fct:
	    this->value.data.dbl = 0;  /* Standard deviation of a constant = 0 */
	    break;
	 case median_fct:
	    if( theParams[0]->type==BOOLEAN )
	       this->value.data.lng = ( pVals[0].data.log ? 1 : 0 );
	    else if( theParams[0]->type==LONG )
	       this->value.data.lng = pVals[0].data.lng;
	    else
	       this->value.data.dbl = pVals[0].data.dbl;
	    break;

	 case poirnd_fct:
	    if( theParams[0]->type==DOUBLE )
	      this->value.data.lng = simplerng_getpoisson(pVals[0].data.dbl);
	    else
	      this->value.data.lng = simplerng_getpoisson(pVals[0].data.lng);
	    break;

	 case abs_fct:
	    if( theParams[0]->type==DOUBLE ) {
	       dval = pVals[0].data.dbl;
	       this->value.data.dbl = (dval>0.0 ? dval : -dval);
	    } else {
	       ival = pVals[0].data.lng;
	       this->value.data.lng = (ival> 0  ? ival : -ival);
	    }
	    break;

            /* Special Null-Handling Functions */

         case nonnull_fct:
	    this->value.data.lng = 1; /* Constants are always 1-element and defined */
	    break;
         case isnull_fct:  /* Constants are always defined */
	    this->value.data.log = 0;
	    break;
         case defnull_fct:
	    if( this->type==BOOLEAN )
	       this->value.data.log = pVals[0].data.log;
            else if( this->type==LONG )
	       this->value.data.lng = pVals[0].data.lng;
            else if( this->type==DOUBLE )
	       this->value.data.dbl = pVals[0].data.dbl;
            else if( this->type==STRING )
	       strcpy(this->value.data.str,pVals[0].data.str);
	    break;
        case setnull_fct: /* Only defined for numeric expressions */
            if( this->type==LONG )
 	      this->value.data.lng = pVals[0].data.lng;
            else if( this->type==DOUBLE )
	       this->value.data.dbl = pVals[0].data.dbl;
	    break;

	    /* Math functions with 1 double argument */

	 case sin_fct:
	    this->value.data.dbl = sin( pVals[0].data.dbl );
	    break;
	 case cos_fct:
	    this->value.data.dbl = cos( pVals[0].data.dbl );
	    break;
	 case tan_fct:
	    this->value.data.dbl = tan( pVals[0].data.dbl );
	    break;
	 case asin_fct:
	    dval = pVals[0].data.dbl;
	    if( dval<-1.0 || dval>1.0 )
	       yyerror(0, lParse, "Out of range argument to arcsin");
	    else
	       this->value.data.dbl = asin( dval );
	    break;
	 case acos_fct:
	    dval = pVals[0].data.dbl;
	    if( dval<-1.0 || dval>1.0 )
	       yyerror(0, lParse, "Out of range argument to arccos");
	    else
	       this->value.data.dbl = acos( dval );
	    break;
	 case atan_fct:
	    this->value.data.dbl = atan( pVals[0].data.dbl );
	    break;
	 case sinh_fct:
	    this->value.data.dbl = sinh( pVals[0].data.dbl );
	    break;
	 case cosh_fct:
	    this->value.data.dbl = cosh( pVals[0].data.dbl );
	    break;
	 case tanh_fct:
	    this->value.data.dbl = tanh( pVals[0].data.dbl );
	    break;
	 case exp_fct:
	    this->value.data.dbl = exp( pVals[0].data.dbl );
	    break;
	 case log_fct:
	    dval = pVals[0].data.dbl;
	    if( dval<=0.0 )
	       yyerror(0, lParse, "Out of range argument to log");
	    else
	       this->value.data.dbl = log( dval );
	    break;
	 case log10_fct:
	    dval = pVals[0].data.dbl;
	    if( dval<=0.0 )
	       yyerror(0, lParse, "Out of range argument to log10");
	    else
	       this->value.data.dbl = log10( dval );
	    break;
	 case sqrt_fct:
	    dval = pVals[0].data.dbl;
	    if( dval<0.0 )
	       yyerror(0, lParse, "Out of range argument to sqrt");
	    else
	       this->value.data.dbl = sqrt( dval );
	    break;
	 case ceil_fct:
	    this->value.data.dbl = ceil( pVals[0].data.dbl );
	    break;
	 case floor_fct:
	    this->value.data.dbl = floor( pVals[0].data.dbl );
	    break;
	 case round_fct:
	    this->value.data.dbl = floor( pVals[0].data.dbl + 0.5 );
	    break;

	    /* Two-argument Trig Functions */

	 case atan2_fct:
	    this->value.data.dbl =
	       atan2( pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl );
	    break;

	    /* Four-argument ANGSEP function */
         case angsep_fct:
	    this->value.data.dbl = 
	      angsep_calc(pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl,
			  pVals[2].data.dbl, pVals[3].data.dbl);

	    /*  Min/Max functions taking 1 or 2 arguments  */

         case min1_fct:
	    /* No constant vectors! */
	    if( this->type == DOUBLE )
	       this->value.data.dbl = pVals[0].data.dbl;
	    else if( this->type == LONG )
	       this->value.data.lng = pVals[0].data.lng;
	    else if( this->type == BITSTR )
	      strcpy(this->value.data.str, pVals[0].data.str);
	    break;
         case min2_fct:
	    if( this->type == DOUBLE )
	       this->value.data.dbl =
		  minvalue( pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl );
	    else if( this->type == LONG )
	       this->value.data.lng =
		  minvalue( pVals[0].data.lng, pVals[1].data.lng );
	    break;
         case max1_fct:
	    /* No constant vectors! */
	    if( this->type == DOUBLE )
	       this->value.data.dbl = pVals[0].data.dbl;
	    else if( this->type == LONG )
	       this->value.data.lng = pVals[0].data.lng;
	    else if( this->type == BITSTR )
	      strcpy(this->value.data.str, pVals[0].data.str);
	    break;
         case max2_fct:
	    if( this->type == DOUBLE )
	       this->value.data.dbl =
		  maxvalue( pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl );
	    else if( this->type == LONG )
	       this->value.data.lng =
		  maxvalue( pVals[0].data.lng, pVals[1].data.lng );
	    break;

	    /* Boolean SAO region Functions... scalar or vector dbls */

	 case near_fct:
	    this->value.data.log = bnear( pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl,
					  pVals[2].data.dbl );
	    break;
	 case circle_fct:
	    this->value.data.log = circle( pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl,
					   pVals[2].data.dbl, pVals[3].data.dbl,
					   pVals[4].data.dbl );
	    break;
	 case box_fct:
	    this->value.data.log = saobox( pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl,
					   pVals[2].data.dbl, pVals[3].data.dbl,
					   pVals[4].data.dbl, pVals[5].data.dbl,
					   pVals[6].data.dbl );
	    break;
	 case elps_fct:
	    this->value.data.log =
                               ellipse( pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl,
					pVals[2].data.dbl, pVals[3].data.dbl,
					pVals[4].data.dbl, pVals[5].data.dbl,
					pVals[6].data.dbl );
	    break;

            /* C Conditional expression:  bool ? expr : expr */

         case ifthenelse_fct:
            switch( this->type ) {
            case BOOLEAN:
               this->value.data.log = ( pVals[2].data.log ?
                                        pVals[0].data.log : pVals[1].data.log );
               break;
            case LONG:
               this->value.data.lng = ( pVals[2].data.log ?
                                        pVals[0].data.lng : pVals[1].data.lng );
               break;
            case DOUBLE:
               this->value.data.dbl = ( pVals[2].data.log ?
                                        pVals[0].data.dbl : pVals[1].data.dbl );
               break;
            case STRING:
	       strcpy(this->value.data.str, ( pVals[2].data.log ?
                                              pVals[0].data.str :
                                              pVals[1].data.str ) );
               break;
            }
            break;

	    /* String functions */
         case strmid_fct:
	   cstrmid(lParse, 
		   this->value.data.str, this->value.nelem, 
		   pVals[0].data.str,    pVals[0].nelem,
		   pVals[1].data.lng);
	   break;
         case strpos_fct:
	   {
	     char *res = strstr(pVals[0].data.str, pVals[1].data.str);
	     if (res == NULL) {
	       this->value.data.lng = 0; 
	     } else {
	       this->value.data.lng = (res - pVals[0].data.str) + 1;
	     }
	     break;
	   }

      }
      this->operation = CONST_OP;

   } else {

     Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );

      row  = lParse->nRows;
      elem = row * this->value.nelem;

      if( !lParse->status ) {
	 switch( this->operation ) {

	    /* Special functions with no arguments */

	 case row_fct:
	    while( row-- ) {
	       this->value.data.lngptr[row] = lParse->firstRow + row;
	       this->value.undef[row] = 0;
	    }
	    break;
	 case null_fct:
            if( this->type==LONG ) {
               while( row-- ) {
                  this->value.data.lngptr[row] = 0;
                  this->value.undef[row] = 1;
               }
            } else if( this->type==STRING ) {
               while( row-- ) {
                  this->value.data.strptr[row][0] = '\0';
                  this->value.undef[row] = 1;
               }
            }
	    break;
	 case axiselem_fct:
	   {
	     long ielem;
	     long iaxis[MAXDIMS] = {1, 1, 1, 1, 1};
	     long ipos = pVals[1].data.lng - 1; /* This should be a constant long value */
	     int naxis = this->value.naxis;
	     int j;
	     if (ipos < 0 || ipos >= MAXDIMS) {
	         yyerror(0, lParse, "AXISELEM(V,n) n value exceeded maximum dimension");
		 free( this->value.data.ptr );
		 break;
	     }

	     for (ielem = 0; ielemvalue.data.lngptr[ielem] = iaxis[ipos];
	       this->value.undef[ielem] = 0;
	       iaxis[0]++;
	       for (j = 0; j < naxis; j++) {
		 if (iaxis[j] > this->value.naxes[j]) { 
		   iaxis[j] = 1; 
		   if (j < (naxis-1)) iaxis[j+1]++;
		 } else {
		   break;
		 }
	       }

	     }
	   }
	   break;
	 case elemnum_fct:
	   {
	     long ielem;
	     long elemnum = 1;
	     int j;

	     for (ielem = 0; ielemvalue.data.lngptr[ielem] = elemnum;
	       this->value.undef[ielem] = 0;
	       elemnum ++;
	       if (elemnum > this->value.nelem) elemnum = 1;
	     }
	   }
	   break;
	 case rnd_fct:
	   while( elem-- ) {
	     this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = simplerng_getuniform();
	     this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
	    }
	    break;

	 case gasrnd_fct:
	    while( elem-- ) {
	       this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = simplerng_getnorm();
	       this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
	    }
	    break;

	 case poirnd_fct:
	   if( theParams[0]->type==DOUBLE ) {
	      if (theParams[0]->operation == CONST_OP) {
		while( elem-- ) {
		  this->value.undef[elem] = (pVals[0].data.dbl < 0);
		  if (! this->value.undef[elem]) {
		    this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = simplerng_getpoisson(pVals[0].data.dbl);
		  }
		} 
	      } else {
		while( elem-- ) {
		  this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem];
		  if (theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem] < 0) 
		    this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
		  if (! this->value.undef[elem]) {
		    this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = 
		      simplerng_getpoisson(theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem]);
		  }
		} /* while */
	      } /* ! CONST_OP */
	   } else {
	     /* LONG */
	      if (theParams[0]->operation == CONST_OP) {
		while( elem-- ) {
		  this->value.undef[elem] = (pVals[0].data.lng < 0);
		  if (! this->value.undef[elem]) {
		    this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = simplerng_getpoisson(pVals[0].data.lng);
		  }
		} 
	      } else {
		while( elem-- ) {
		  this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem];
		  if (theParams[0]->value.data.lngptr[elem] < 0) 
		    this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
		  if (! this->value.undef[elem]) {
		    this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = 
		      simplerng_getpoisson(theParams[0]->value.data.lngptr[elem]);
		  }
		} /* while */
	      } /* ! CONST_OP */
	   } /* END LONG */
	   break;


	    /* Non-Trig single-argument functions */
	    
	 case sum_fct:
	    elem = row * theParams[0]->value.nelem;
	    if( theParams[0]->type==BOOLEAN ) {
	       while( row-- ) {
		  this->value.data.lngptr[row] = 0;
		  /* Default is UNDEF until a defined value is found */
		  this->value.undef[row] = 1;
		  nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     if ( ! theParams[0]->value.undef[elem] ) {
		       this->value.data.lngptr[row] +=
			 ( theParams[0]->value.data.logptr[elem] ? 1 : 0 );
		       this->value.undef[row] = 0;
		     }
		  }
	       }
	    } else if( theParams[0]->type==LONG ) {
	       while( row-- ) {
		  this->value.data.lngptr[row] = 0;
		  /* Default is UNDEF until a defined value is found */
		  this->value.undef[row] = 1;
		  nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     if ( ! theParams[0]->value.undef[elem] ) {
		       this->value.data.lngptr[row] +=
			 theParams[0]->value.data.lngptr[elem];
		       this->value.undef[row] = 0;
		     }
		  }
	       }		  
	    } else if( theParams[0]->type==DOUBLE ){
	       while( row-- ) {
		  this->value.data.dblptr[row] = 0.0;
		  /* Default is UNDEF until a defined value is found */
		  this->value.undef[row] = 1;
		  nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     if ( ! theParams[0]->value.undef[elem] ) {
		       this->value.data.dblptr[row] +=
			 theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		       this->value.undef[row] = 0;
		     }
		  }
	       }		  
	    } else { /* BITSTR */
	       nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
	       while( row-- ) {
		  char *sptr1 = theParams[0]->value.data.strptr[row];
		  this->value.data.lngptr[row] = 0;
		  this->value.undef[row] = 0;
		  while (*sptr1) {
		    if (*sptr1 == '1') this->value.data.lngptr[row] ++;
		    sptr1++;
		  }
	       }		  
	    }
	    break;

	 case average_fct:
	    elem = row * theParams[0]->value.nelem;
	    if( theParams[0]->type==LONG ) {
	       while( row-- ) {
		  int count = 0;
		  this->value.data.dblptr[row] = 0;
		  nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     if (theParams[0]->value.undef[elem] == 0) {
		       this->value.data.dblptr[row] +=
			 theParams[0]->value.data.lngptr[elem];
		       count ++;
		     }
		  }
		  if (count == 0) {
		    this->value.undef[row] = 1;
		  } else {
		    this->value.undef[row] = 0;
		    this->value.data.dblptr[row] /= count;
		  }
	       }		  
	    } else if( theParams[0]->type==DOUBLE ){
	       while( row-- ) {
		  int count = 0;
		  this->value.data.dblptr[row] = 0;
		  nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     if (theParams[0]->value.undef[elem] == 0) {
		       this->value.data.dblptr[row] +=
			 theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		       count ++;
		     }
		  }
		  if (count == 0) {
		    this->value.undef[row] = 1;
		  } else {
		    this->value.undef[row] = 0;
		    this->value.data.dblptr[row] /= count;
		  }
	       }		  
	    }
	    break;
	 case stddev_fct:
	    elem = row * theParams[0]->value.nelem;
	    if( theParams[0]->type==LONG ) {

	       /* Compute the mean value */
	       while( row-- ) {
		  int count = 0;
		  double sum = 0, sum2 = 0;

		  nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     if (theParams[0]->value.undef[elem] == 0) {
		       sum += theParams[0]->value.data.lngptr[elem];
		       count ++;
		     }
		  }
		  if (count > 1) {
		    sum /= count;

		    /* Compute the sum of squared deviations */
		    nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
		    elem += nelem;  /* Reset elem for second pass */
		    while( nelem-- ) {
		      elem--;
		      if (theParams[0]->value.undef[elem] == 0) {
			double dx = (theParams[0]->value.data.lngptr[elem] - sum);
			sum2 += (dx*dx);
		      }
		    }

		    sum2 /= (double)count-1;

		    this->value.undef[row] = 0;
		    this->value.data.dblptr[row] = sqrt(sum2);
		  } else {
		    this->value.undef[row] = 0;       /* STDDEV => 0 */
		    this->value.data.dblptr[row] = 0;
		  }
	       }
	    } else if( theParams[0]->type==DOUBLE ){

	       /* Compute the mean value */
	       while( row-- ) {
		  int count = 0;
		  double sum = 0, sum2 = 0;

		  nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     if (theParams[0]->value.undef[elem] == 0) {
		       sum += theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		       count ++;
		     }
		  }
		  if (count > 1) {
		    sum /= count;

		    /* Compute the sum of squared deviations */
		    nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
		    elem += nelem;  /* Reset elem for second pass */
		    while( nelem-- ) {
		      elem--;
		      if (theParams[0]->value.undef[elem] == 0) {
			double dx = (theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem] - sum);
			sum2 += (dx*dx);
		      }
		    }

		    sum2 /= (double)count-1;

		    this->value.undef[row] = 0;
		    this->value.data.dblptr[row] = sqrt(sum2);
		  } else {
		    this->value.undef[row] = 0;       /* STDDEV => 0 */
		    this->value.data.dblptr[row] = 0;
		  }
	       }
	    }
	    break;

	 case median_fct:
	   elem = row * theParams[0]->value.nelem;
	   nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
	   if( theParams[0]->type==LONG ) {
	       long *dptr = theParams[0]->value.data.lngptr;
	       char *uptr = theParams[0]->value.undef;
	       long *mptr = (long *) malloc(sizeof(long)*nelem);
	       int irow;

	       /* Allocate temporary storage for this row, since the
                  quickselect function will scramble the contents */
	       if (mptr == 0) {
		 yyerror(0, lParse, "Could not allocate temporary memory in median function");
		 free( this->value.data.ptr );
		 break;
	       }

	       for (irow=0; irow 0) {
		    this->value.undef[irow] = 0;
		    this->value.data.lngptr[irow] = qselect_median_lng(mptr, nelem1);
		  } else {
		    this->value.undef[irow] = 1;
		    this->value.data.lngptr[irow] = 0;
		  }
		    
	       }		  

	       free(mptr);
	    } else {
	       double *dptr = theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr;
	       char   *uptr = theParams[0]->value.undef;
	       double *mptr = (double *) malloc(sizeof(double)*nelem);
	       int irow;

	       /* Allocate temporary storage for this row, since the
                  quickselect function will scramble the contents */
	       if (mptr == 0) {
		 yyerror(0, lParse, "Could not allocate temporary memory in median function");
		 free( this->value.data.ptr );
		 break;
	       }

	       for (irow=0; irow 0) {
		    this->value.undef[irow] = 0;
		    this->value.data.dblptr[irow] = qselect_median_dbl(mptr, nelem1);
		  } else {
		    this->value.undef[irow] = 1;
		    this->value.data.dblptr[irow] = 0;
		  }

	       }
	       free(mptr);
	    }
	    break;
	 case abs_fct:
	    if( theParams[0]->type==DOUBLE )
	       while( elem-- ) {
		  dval = theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = (dval>0.0 ? dval : -dval);
		  this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem];
	       }
	    else
	       while( elem-- ) {
		  ival = theParams[0]->value.data.lngptr[elem];
		  this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = (ival> 0  ? ival : -ival);
		  this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem];
	       }
	    break;

            /* Special Null-Handling Functions */

	 case nonnull_fct:
	   nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
	   if ( theParams[0]->type==STRING ) nelem = 1;
	   elem = row * nelem;
	   while( row-- ) {
	     int nelem1 = nelem;

	     this->value.undef[row] = 0;        /* Initialize to 0 (defined) */
	     this->value.data.lngptr[row] = 0;
	     while( nelem1-- ) {	
	       elem --;
	       if ( theParams[0]->value.undef[elem] == 0 ) this->value.data.lngptr[row] ++;
	     }
	   }
	   break;
	 case isnull_fct:
	    if( theParams[0]->type==STRING ) elem = row;
	    while( elem-- ) {
	       this->value.data.logptr[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem];
	       this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
	    }
	    break;
         case defnull_fct:
	    switch( this->type ) {
	    case BOOLEAN:
	       while( row-- ) {
		  nelem = this->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     i=2; while( i-- )
			if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
			   pVals[i].data.log =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.logptr[elem];
			} else if( vector[i] ) {
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
			   pVals[i].data.log =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.logptr[row];
			}
		     if( pNull[0] ) {
			this->value.undef[elem] = pNull[1];
			this->value.data.logptr[elem] = pVals[1].data.log;
		     } else {
			this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
			this->value.data.logptr[elem] = pVals[0].data.log;
		     }
		  }
	       }
	       break;
	    case LONG:
	       while( row-- ) {
		  nelem = this->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     i=2; while( i-- )
			if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
			   pVals[i].data.lng =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.lngptr[elem];
			} else if( vector[i] ) {
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
			   pVals[i].data.lng =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.lngptr[row];
			}
		     if( pNull[0] ) {
			this->value.undef[elem] = pNull[1];
			this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = pVals[1].data.lng;
		     } else {
			this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
			this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = pVals[0].data.lng;
		     }
		  }
	       }
	       break;
	    case DOUBLE:
	       while( row-- ) {
		  nelem = this->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     i=2; while( i-- )
			if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
			   pVals[i].data.dbl =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
			} else if( vector[i] ) {
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
			   pVals[i].data.dbl =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[row];
			}
		     if( pNull[0] ) {
			this->value.undef[elem] = pNull[1];
			this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = pVals[1].data.dbl;
		     } else {
			this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
			this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = pVals[0].data.dbl;
		     }
		  }
	       }
	       break;
	    case STRING:
	       while( row-- ) {
		  i=2; while( i-- )
		     if( vector[i] ) {
			pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
			strcpy(pVals[i].data.str,
			       theParams[i]->value.data.strptr[row]);
		     }
		  if( pNull[0] ) {
		     this->value.undef[row] = pNull[1];
		     strcpy(this->value.data.strptr[row],pVals[1].data.str);
		  } else {
		     this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
		     strcpy(this->value.data.strptr[row],pVals[0].data.str);
		  }
	       }
	    }
	    break;
         case setnull_fct:
	    switch( this->type ) {
	    case LONG:
	      while( elem-- ) {
		if ( theParams[1]->value.data.lng == 
		     theParams[0]->value.data.lngptr[elem] ) {
		  this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = 0;
		  this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
		} else {
		  this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = theParams[0]->value.data.lngptr[elem];
		  this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem];
		}
	      }
	      break;
	    case DOUBLE:
	      while( elem-- ) {
		if ( theParams[1]->value.data.dbl == 
		     theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem] ) {
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 0;
		  this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
		} else {
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		  this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem];
		}
	      }
	      break;
	    }
	    break;

	    /* Math functions with 1 double argument */

	 case sin_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 
		     sin( theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem] );
	       }
	    break;
	 case cos_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 
		     cos( theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem] );
	       }
	    break;
	 case tan_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 
		     tan( theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem] );
	       }
	    break;
	 case asin_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  dval = theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		  if( dval<-1.0 || dval>1.0 ) {
		     this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 0.0;
		     this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
		  } else
		     this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = asin( dval );
	       }
	    break;
	 case acos_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  dval = theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		  if( dval<-1.0 || dval>1.0 ) {
		     this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 0.0;
		     this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
		  } else
		     this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = acos( dval );
	       }
	    break;
	 case atan_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  dval = theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = atan( dval );
	       }
	    break;
	 case sinh_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 
		     sinh( theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem] );
	       }
	    break;
	 case cosh_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 
		     cosh( theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem] );
	       }
	    break;
	 case tanh_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 
		     tanh( theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem] );
	       }
	    break;
	 case exp_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  dval = theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = exp( dval );
	       }
	    break;
	 case log_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  dval = theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		  if( dval<=0.0 ) {
		     this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 0.0;
		     this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
		  } else
		     this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = log( dval );
	       }
	    break;
	 case log10_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  dval = theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		  if( dval<=0.0 ) {
		     this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 0.0;
		     this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
		  } else
		     this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = log10( dval );
	       }
	    break;
	 case sqrt_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  dval = theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		  if( dval<0.0 ) {
		     this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 0.0;
		     this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
		  } else
		     this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = sqrt( dval );
	       }
	    break;
	 case ceil_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 
		     ceil( theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem] );
	       }
	    break;
	 case floor_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 
		     floor( theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem] );
	       }
	    break;
	 case round_fct:
	    while( elem-- )
	       if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = theParams[0]->value.undef[elem]) ) {
		  this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 
		     floor( theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem] + 0.5);
	       }
	    break;

	    /* Two-argument Trig Functions */
	    
	 case atan2_fct:
	    while( row-- ) {
	       nelem = this->value.nelem;
	       while( nelem-- ) {
		  elem--;
		  i=2; while( i-- )
		     if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			pVals[i].data.dbl =
			   theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
			pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
		     } else if( vector[i] ) {
			pVals[i].data.dbl =
			   theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[row];
			pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
		     }
		  if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = (pNull[0] || pNull[1]) ) )
		     this->value.data.dblptr[elem] =
			atan2( pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl );
	       }
	    }
	    break;

	    /* Four-argument ANGSEP Function */
	    
	 case angsep_fct:
	    while( row-- ) {
	       nelem = this->value.nelem;
	       while( nelem-- ) {
		  elem--;
		  i=4; while( i-- )
		     if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			pVals[i].data.dbl =
			   theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
			pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
		     } else if( vector[i] ) {
			pVals[i].data.dbl =
			   theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[row];
			pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
		     }
		  if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = (pNull[0] || pNull[1] ||
						   pNull[2] || pNull[3]) ) )
		     this->value.data.dblptr[elem] =
		       angsep_calc(pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl,
				   pVals[2].data.dbl, pVals[3].data.dbl);
	       }
	    }
	    break;



	    /*  Min/Max functions taking 1 or 2 arguments  */

         case min1_fct:
	    elem = row * theParams[0]->value.nelem;
	    if( this->type==LONG ) {
	       long minVal=0;
	       while( row-- ) {
		  valInit = 1;
		  this->value.undef[row] = 1;
		  nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     if ( !theParams[0]->value.undef[elem] ) {
		       if ( valInit ) {
			 valInit = 0;
			 minVal  = theParams[0]->value.data.lngptr[elem];
		       } else {
			 minVal  = minvalue( minVal,
					     theParams[0]->value.data.lngptr[elem] );
		       }
		       this->value.undef[row] = 0;
		     }
		  }  
		  this->value.data.lngptr[row] = minVal;
	       }		  
	    } else if( this->type==DOUBLE ) {
	       double minVal=0.0;
	       while( row-- ) {
		  valInit = 1;
		  this->value.undef[row] = 1;
		  nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     if ( !theParams[0]->value.undef[elem] ) {
		       if ( valInit ) {
			 valInit = 0;
			 minVal  = theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		       } else {
			 minVal  = minvalue( minVal,
					     theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem] );
		       }
		       this->value.undef[row] = 0;
		     }
		  }  
		  this->value.data.dblptr[row] = minVal;
	       }		  
	    } else if( this->type==BITSTR ) {
	       char minVal;
	       while( row-- ) {
		  char *sptr1 = theParams[0]->value.data.strptr[row];
		  minVal = '1';
		  while (*sptr1) {
		    if (*sptr1 == '0') minVal = '0';
		    sptr1++;
		  }
		  this->value.data.strptr[row][0] = minVal;
		  this->value.data.strptr[row][1] = 0;     /* Null terminate */
	       }		  
	    }
	    break;
         case min2_fct:
	    if( this->type==LONG ) {
	       while( row-- ) {
		  nelem = this->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     i=2; while( i-- )
			if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			   pVals[i].data.lng =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.lngptr[elem];
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
			} else if( vector[i] ) {
			   pVals[i].data.lng =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.lngptr[row];
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
			}
		     if( pNull[0] && pNull[1] ) {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
		       this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = 0;
		     } else if (pNull[0]) {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
		       this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = pVals[1].data.lng;
		     } else if (pNull[1]) {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
		       this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = pVals[0].data.lng;
		     } else {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
		       this->value.data.lngptr[elem] =
			 minvalue( pVals[0].data.lng, pVals[1].data.lng );
		     }
		  }
	       }
	    } else if( this->type==DOUBLE ) {
	       while( row-- ) {
		  nelem = this->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     i=2; while( i-- )
			if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			   pVals[i].data.dbl =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
			} else if( vector[i] ) {
			   pVals[i].data.dbl =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[row];
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
			}
		     if( pNull[0] && pNull[1] ) {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
		       this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 0;
		     } else if (pNull[0]) {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
		       this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = pVals[1].data.dbl;
		     } else if (pNull[1]) {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
		       this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = pVals[0].data.dbl;
		     } else {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
		       this->value.data.dblptr[elem] =
			 minvalue( pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl );
		     }
		  }
 	       }
	    }
	    break;

         case max1_fct:
	    elem = row * theParams[0]->value.nelem;
	    if( this->type==LONG ) {
	       long maxVal=0;
	       while( row-- ) {
		  valInit = 1;
		  this->value.undef[row] = 1;
		  nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     if ( !theParams[0]->value.undef[elem] ) {
		       if ( valInit ) {
			 valInit = 0;
			 maxVal  = theParams[0]->value.data.lngptr[elem];
		       } else {
			 maxVal  = maxvalue( maxVal,
					     theParams[0]->value.data.lngptr[elem] );
		       }
		       this->value.undef[row] = 0;
		     }
		  }
		  this->value.data.lngptr[row] = maxVal;
	       }		  
	    } else if( this->type==DOUBLE ) {
	       double maxVal=0.0;
	       while( row-- ) {
		  valInit = 1;
		  this->value.undef[row] = 1;
		  nelem = theParams[0]->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     if ( !theParams[0]->value.undef[elem] ) {
		       if ( valInit ) {
			 valInit = 0;
			 maxVal  = theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		       } else {
			 maxVal  = maxvalue( maxVal,
					     theParams[0]->value.data.dblptr[elem] );
		       }
		       this->value.undef[row] = 0;
		     }
		  }
		  this->value.data.dblptr[row] = maxVal;
	       }		  
	    } else if( this->type==BITSTR ) {
	       char maxVal;
	       while( row-- ) {
		  char *sptr1 = theParams[0]->value.data.strptr[row];
		  maxVal = '0';
		  while (*sptr1) {
		    if (*sptr1 == '1') maxVal = '1';
		    sptr1++;
		  }
		  this->value.data.strptr[row][0] = maxVal;
		  this->value.data.strptr[row][1] = 0;     /* Null terminate */
	       }		  
	    }
	    break;
         case max2_fct:
	    if( this->type==LONG ) {
	       while( row-- ) {
		  nelem = this->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     i=2; while( i-- )
			if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			   pVals[i].data.lng =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.lngptr[elem];
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
			} else if( vector[i] ) {
			   pVals[i].data.lng =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.lngptr[row];
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
			}
		     if( pNull[0] && pNull[1] ) {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
		       this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = 0;
		     } else if (pNull[0]) {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
		       this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = pVals[1].data.lng;
		     } else if (pNull[1]) {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
		       this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = pVals[0].data.lng;
		     } else {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
		       this->value.data.lngptr[elem] =
			 maxvalue( pVals[0].data.lng, pVals[1].data.lng );
		     }
		  }
	       }
	    } else if( this->type==DOUBLE ) {
	       while( row-- ) {
		  nelem = this->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
		     i=2; while( i-- )
			if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			   pVals[i].data.dbl =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
			} else if( vector[i] ) {
			   pVals[i].data.dbl =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[row];
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
			}
		     if( pNull[0] && pNull[1] ) {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 1;
		       this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 0;
		     } else if (pNull[0]) {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
		       this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = pVals[1].data.dbl;
		     } else if (pNull[1]) {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
		       this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = pVals[0].data.dbl;
		     } else {
		       this->value.undef[elem] = 0;
		       this->value.data.dblptr[elem] =
			 maxvalue( pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl );
		     }
		  }
	       }
	    }
	    break;

	    /* Boolean SAO region Functions... scalar or vector dbls */

	 case near_fct:
	    while( row-- ) {
	       nelem = this->value.nelem;
	       while( nelem-- ) {
		  elem--;
		  i=3; while( i-- )
		     if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			pVals[i].data.dbl =
			   theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
			pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
		     } else if( vector[i] ) {
			pVals[i].data.dbl =
			   theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[row];
			pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
		     }
		  if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = (pNull[0] || pNull[1] ||
						   pNull[2]) ) )
		    this->value.data.logptr[elem] =
		      bnear( pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl,
			     pVals[2].data.dbl );
	       }
	    }
	    break;

	 case circle_fct:
	    while( row-- ) {
	       nelem = this->value.nelem;
	       while( nelem-- ) {
		  elem--;
		  i=5; while( i-- )
		     if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			pVals[i].data.dbl =
			   theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
			pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
		     } else if( vector[i] ) {
			pVals[i].data.dbl =
			   theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[row];
			pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
		     }
		  if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = (pNull[0] || pNull[1] ||
						   pNull[2] || pNull[3] ||
						   pNull[4]) ) )
		    this->value.data.logptr[elem] =
		     circle( pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl,
			     pVals[2].data.dbl, pVals[3].data.dbl,
			     pVals[4].data.dbl );
	       }
	    }
	    break;

	 case box_fct:
	    while( row-- ) {
	       nelem = this->value.nelem;
	       while( nelem-- ) {
		  elem--;
		  i=7; while( i-- )
		     if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			pVals[i].data.dbl =
			   theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
			pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
		     } else if( vector[i] ) {
			pVals[i].data.dbl =
			   theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[row];
			pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
		     }
		  if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = (pNull[0] || pNull[1] ||
						   pNull[2] || pNull[3] ||
						   pNull[4] || pNull[5] ||
						   pNull[6] ) ) )
		    this->value.data.logptr[elem] =
		     saobox( pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl,
			     pVals[2].data.dbl, pVals[3].data.dbl,
			     pVals[4].data.dbl, pVals[5].data.dbl,
			     pVals[6].data.dbl );	
	       }
	    }
	    break;

	 case elps_fct:
	    while( row-- ) {
	       nelem = this->value.nelem;
	       while( nelem-- ) {
		  elem--;
		  i=7; while( i-- )
		     if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			pVals[i].data.dbl =
			   theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
			pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
		     } else if( vector[i] ) {
			pVals[i].data.dbl =
			   theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[row];
			pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
		     }
		  if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = (pNull[0] || pNull[1] ||
						   pNull[2] || pNull[3] ||
						   pNull[4] || pNull[5] ||
						   pNull[6] ) ) )
		    this->value.data.logptr[elem] =
		     ellipse( pVals[0].data.dbl, pVals[1].data.dbl,
			      pVals[2].data.dbl, pVals[3].data.dbl,
			      pVals[4].data.dbl, pVals[5].data.dbl,
			      pVals[6].data.dbl );
	       }
	    }
	    break;

            /* C Conditional expression:  bool ? expr : expr */

         case ifthenelse_fct:
            switch( this->type ) {
            case BOOLEAN:
	       while( row-- ) {
		  nelem = this->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
                     if( vector[2]>1 ) {
                        pVals[2].data.log =
                           theParams[2]->value.data.logptr[elem];
                        pNull[2] = theParams[2]->value.undef[elem];
                     } else if( vector[2] ) {
                        pVals[2].data.log =
                           theParams[2]->value.data.logptr[row];
                        pNull[2] = theParams[2]->value.undef[row];
                     }
		     i=2; while( i-- )
			if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			   pVals[i].data.log =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.logptr[elem];
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
			} else if( vector[i] ) {
			   pVals[i].data.log =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.logptr[row];
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
			}
		     if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = pNull[2]) ) {
                        if( pVals[2].data.log ) {
                           this->value.data.logptr[elem] = pVals[0].data.log;
                           this->value.undef[elem]       = pNull[0];
                        } else {
                           this->value.data.logptr[elem] = pVals[1].data.log;
                           this->value.undef[elem]       = pNull[1];
                        }
                     }
		  }
	       }
               break;
            case LONG:
	       while( row-- ) {
		  nelem = this->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
                     if( vector[2]>1 ) {
                        pVals[2].data.log =
                           theParams[2]->value.data.logptr[elem];
                        pNull[2] = theParams[2]->value.undef[elem];
                     } else if( vector[2] ) {
                        pVals[2].data.log =
                           theParams[2]->value.data.logptr[row];
                        pNull[2] = theParams[2]->value.undef[row];
                     }
		     i=2; while( i-- )
			if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			   pVals[i].data.lng =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.lngptr[elem];
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
			} else if( vector[i] ) {
			   pVals[i].data.lng =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.lngptr[row];
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
			}
		     if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = pNull[2]) ) {
                        if( pVals[2].data.log ) {
                           this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = pVals[0].data.lng;
                           this->value.undef[elem]       = pNull[0];
                        } else {
                           this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = pVals[1].data.lng;
                           this->value.undef[elem]       = pNull[1];
                        }
                     }
		  }
	       }
               break;
            case DOUBLE:
	       while( row-- ) {
		  nelem = this->value.nelem;
		  while( nelem-- ) {
		     elem--;
                     if( vector[2]>1 ) {
                        pVals[2].data.log =
                           theParams[2]->value.data.logptr[elem];
                        pNull[2] = theParams[2]->value.undef[elem];
                     } else if( vector[2] ) {
                        pVals[2].data.log =
                           theParams[2]->value.data.logptr[row];
                        pNull[2] = theParams[2]->value.undef[row];
                     }
		     i=2; while( i-- )
			if( vector[i]>1 ) {
			   pVals[i].data.dbl =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[elem];
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[elem];
			} else if( vector[i] ) {
			   pVals[i].data.dbl =
			      theParams[i]->value.data.dblptr[row];
			   pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
			}
		     if( !(this->value.undef[elem] = pNull[2]) ) {
                        if( pVals[2].data.log ) {
                           this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = pVals[0].data.dbl;
                           this->value.undef[elem]       = pNull[0];
                        } else {
                           this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = pVals[1].data.dbl;
                           this->value.undef[elem]       = pNull[1];
                        }
                     }
		  }
	       }
               break;
            case STRING:
	       while( row-- ) {
                  if( vector[2] ) {
                     pVals[2].data.log = theParams[2]->value.data.logptr[row];
                     pNull[2] = theParams[2]->value.undef[row];
                  }
                  i=2; while( i-- )
                     if( vector[i] ) {
                        strcpy( pVals[i].data.str,
                                theParams[i]->value.data.strptr[row] );
                        pNull[i] = theParams[i]->value.undef[row];
                     }
                  if( !(this->value.undef[row] = pNull[2]) ) {
                     if( pVals[2].data.log ) {
                        strcpy( this->value.data.strptr[row],
                                pVals[0].data.str );
                        this->value.undef[row]       = pNull[0];
                     } else {
                        strcpy( this->value.data.strptr[row],
                                pVals[1].data.str );
                        this->value.undef[row]       = pNull[1];
                     }
                  } else {
                     this->value.data.strptr[row][0] = '\0';
                  }
	       }
               break;

            }
            break;

	    /* String functions */
            case strmid_fct:
	      {
		int strconst = theParams[0]->operation == CONST_OP;
		int posconst = theParams[1]->operation == CONST_OP;
		int lenconst = theParams[2]->operation == CONST_OP;
		int dest_len = this->value.nelem;
		int src_len  = theParams[0]->value.nelem;

		while (row--) {
		  int pos;
		  int len;
		  char *str;
		  int undef = 0;

		  if (posconst) {
		    pos = theParams[1]->value.data.lng;
		  } else {
		    pos = theParams[1]->value.data.lngptr[row];
		    if (theParams[1]->value.undef[row]) undef = 1;
		  }
		  if (strconst) {
		    str = theParams[0]->value.data.str;
		    if (src_len == 0) src_len = strlen(str);
		  } else {
		    str = theParams[0]->value.data.strptr[row];
		    if (theParams[0]->value.undef[row]) undef = 1;
		  }
		  if (lenconst) {
		    len = dest_len;
		  } else {
		    len = theParams[2]->value.data.lngptr[row];
		    if (theParams[2]->value.undef[row]) undef = 1;
		  }
		  this->value.data.strptr[row][0] = '\0';
		  if (pos == 0) undef = 1;
		  if (! undef ) {
		    if (cstrmid(lParse,
				this->value.data.strptr[row], len,
				str, src_len, pos) < 0) break;
		  }
		  this->value.undef[row] = undef;
		}
	      }		      
	      break;

	    /* String functions */
            case strpos_fct:
	      {
		int const1 = theParams[0]->operation == CONST_OP;
		int const2 = theParams[1]->operation == CONST_OP;

		while (row--) {
		  char *str1, *str2;
		  int undef = 0;

		  if (const1) {
		    str1 = theParams[0]->value.data.str;
		  } else {
		    str1 = theParams[0]->value.data.strptr[row];
		    if (theParams[0]->value.undef[row]) undef = 1;
		  }
		  if (const2) {
		    str2 = theParams[1]->value.data.str;
		  } else {
		    str2 = theParams[1]->value.data.strptr[row];
		    if (theParams[1]->value.undef[row]) undef = 1;
		  }
		  this->value.data.lngptr[row] = 0;
		  if (! undef ) {
		    char *res = strstr(str1, str2);
		    if (res == NULL) {
		      undef = 1;
		      this->value.data.lngptr[row] = 0; 
		    } else {
		      this->value.data.lngptr[row] = (res - str1) + 1;
		    }
		  }
		  this->value.undef[row] = undef;
		}
	      }
	      break;

		    
	 } /* End switch(this->operation) */
      } /* End if (!lParse->status) */
   } /* End non-constant operations */

   i = this->nSubNodes;
   while( i-- ) {
      if( theParams[i]->operation>0 ) {
	 /*  Currently only numeric params allowed  */
	 free( theParams[i]->value.data.ptr );
      }
   }
}

static void Do_Deref( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
{
   Node *theVar, *theDims[MAXDIMS];
   int  isConst[MAXDIMS], allConst;
   long dimVals[MAXDIMS];
   int  i, nDims;
   long row, elem, dsize;

   theVar = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[0];

   i = nDims = this->nSubNodes-1;
   allConst = 1;
   while( i-- ) {
      theDims[i] = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[i+1];
      isConst[i] = ( theDims[i]->operation==CONST_OP );
      if( isConst[i] )
	 dimVals[i] = theDims[i]->value.data.lng;
      else
	 allConst = 0;
   }

   if( this->type==DOUBLE ) {
      dsize = sizeof( double );
   } else if( this->type==LONG ) {
      dsize = sizeof( long );
   } else if( this->type==BOOLEAN ) {
      dsize = sizeof( char );
   } else
      dsize = 0;

   Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );

   if( !lParse->status ) {

      if( allConst && theVar->value.naxis==nDims ) {

	 /* Dereference completely using constant indices */

	 elem = 0;
	 i    = nDims;
	 while( i-- ) {
	    if( dimVals[i]<1 || dimVals[i]>theVar->value.naxes[i] ) break;
	    elem = theVar->value.naxes[i]*elem + dimVals[i]-1;
	 }
	 if( i<0 ) {
	    for( row=0; rownRows; row++ ) {
	       if( this->type==STRING )
		 this->value.undef[row] = theVar->value.undef[row];
	       else if( this->type==BITSTR ) 
		 this->value.undef;  /* Dummy - BITSTRs do not have undefs */
	       else 
		 this->value.undef[row] = theVar->value.undef[elem];

	       if( this->type==DOUBLE )
		  this->value.data.dblptr[row] = 
		     theVar->value.data.dblptr[elem];
	       else if( this->type==LONG )
		  this->value.data.lngptr[row] = 
		     theVar->value.data.lngptr[elem];
	       else if( this->type==BOOLEAN )
		  this->value.data.logptr[row] = 
		     theVar->value.data.logptr[elem];
	       else {
		 /* XXX Note, the below expression uses knowledge of
                    the layout of the string format, namely (nelem+1)
                    characters per string, followed by (nelem+1)
                    "undef" values. */
		  this->value.data.strptr[row][0] = 
		     theVar->value.data.strptr[0][elem+row];
		  this->value.data.strptr[row][1] = 0;  /* Null terminate */
	       }
	       elem += theVar->value.nelem;
	    }
	 } else {
	    yyerror(0, lParse, "Index out of range");
	    free( this->value.data.ptr );
	 }
	 
      } else if( allConst && nDims==1 ) {
	 
	 /* Reduce dimensions by 1, using a constant index */
	 
	 if( dimVals[0] < 1 ||
	     dimVals[0] > theVar->value.naxes[ theVar->value.naxis-1 ] ) {
	    yyerror(0, lParse, "Index out of range");
	    free( this->value.data.ptr );
	 } else if ( this->type == BITSTR || this->type == STRING ) {
	    elem = this->value.nelem * (dimVals[0]-1);
	    for( row=0; rownRows; row++ ) {
	      if (this->value.undef) 
		this->value.undef[row] = theVar->value.undef[row];
	      memcpy( (char*)this->value.data.strptr[0]
		      + row*sizeof(char)*(this->value.nelem+1),
		      (char*)theVar->value.data.strptr[0] + elem*sizeof(char),
		      this->value.nelem * sizeof(char) );
	      /* Null terminate */
	      this->value.data.strptr[row][this->value.nelem] = 0;
	      elem += theVar->value.nelem+1;
	    }	       
	 } else {
	    elem = this->value.nelem * (dimVals[0]-1);
	    for( row=0; rownRows; row++ ) {
	       memcpy( this->value.undef + row*this->value.nelem,
		       theVar->value.undef + elem,
		       this->value.nelem * sizeof(char) );
	       memcpy( (char*)this->value.data.ptr
		       + row*dsize*this->value.nelem,
		       (char*)theVar->value.data.ptr + elem*dsize,
		       this->value.nelem * dsize );
	       elem += theVar->value.nelem;
	    }	       
	 }
      
      } else if( theVar->value.naxis==nDims ) {

	 /* Dereference completely using an expression for the indices */

	 for( row=0; rownRows; row++ ) {

	    for( i=0; ivalue.undef[row] ) {
		     yyerror(0, lParse, "Null encountered as vector index");
		     free( this->value.data.ptr );
		     break;
		  } else
		     dimVals[i] = theDims[i]->value.data.lngptr[row];
	       }
	    }
	    if( lParse->status ) break;

	    elem = 0;
	    i    = nDims;
	    while( i-- ) {
	       if( dimVals[i]<1 || dimVals[i]>theVar->value.naxes[i] ) break;
	       elem = theVar->value.naxes[i]*elem + dimVals[i]-1;
	    }
	    if( i<0 ) {
	       elem += row*theVar->value.nelem;

	       if( this->type==STRING )
		 this->value.undef[row] = theVar->value.undef[row];
	       else if( this->type==BITSTR ) 
		 this->value.undef;  /* Dummy - BITSTRs do not have undefs */
	       else 
		 this->value.undef[row] = theVar->value.undef[elem];

	       if( this->type==DOUBLE )
		  this->value.data.dblptr[row] = 
		     theVar->value.data.dblptr[elem];
	       else if( this->type==LONG )
		  this->value.data.lngptr[row] = 
		     theVar->value.data.lngptr[elem];
	       else if( this->type==BOOLEAN )
		  this->value.data.logptr[row] = 
		     theVar->value.data.logptr[elem];
	       else {
		 /* XXX Note, the below expression uses knowledge of
                    the layout of the string format, namely (nelem+1)
                    characters per string, followed by (nelem+1)
                    "undef" values. */
		  this->value.data.strptr[row][0] = 
		     theVar->value.data.strptr[0][elem+row];
		  this->value.data.strptr[row][1] = 0;  /* Null terminate */
	       }
	    } else {
	       yyerror(0, lParse, "Index out of range");
	       free( this->value.data.ptr );
	    }
	 }

      } else {

	 /* Reduce dimensions by 1, using a nonconstant expression */

	 for( row=0; rownRows; row++ ) {

	    /* Index cannot be a constant */

	    if( theDims[0]->value.undef[row] ) {
	       yyerror(0, lParse, "Null encountered as vector index");
	       free( this->value.data.ptr );
	       break;
	    } else
	       dimVals[0] = theDims[0]->value.data.lngptr[row];

	    if( dimVals[0] < 1 ||
		dimVals[0] > theVar->value.naxes[ theVar->value.naxis-1 ] ) {
	       yyerror(0, lParse, "Index out of range");
	       free( this->value.data.ptr );
	    } else if ( this->type == BITSTR || this->type == STRING ) {
	      elem = this->value.nelem * (dimVals[0]-1);
	      elem += row*(theVar->value.nelem+1);
	      if (this->value.undef) 
		this->value.undef[row] = theVar->value.undef[row];
	      memcpy( (char*)this->value.data.strptr[0]
		      + row*sizeof(char)*(this->value.nelem+1),
		      (char*)theVar->value.data.strptr[0] + elem*sizeof(char),
		      this->value.nelem * sizeof(char) );
	      /* Null terminate */
	      this->value.data.strptr[row][this->value.nelem] = 0;
	    } else {
	       elem  = this->value.nelem * (dimVals[0]-1);
	       elem += row*theVar->value.nelem;
	       memcpy( this->value.undef + row*this->value.nelem,
		       theVar->value.undef + elem,
		       this->value.nelem * sizeof(char) );
	       memcpy( (char*)this->value.data.ptr
		       + row*dsize*this->value.nelem,
		       (char*)theVar->value.data.ptr + elem*dsize,
		       this->value.nelem * dsize );
	    }
	 }
      }
   }

   if( theVar->operation>0 ) {
     if (theVar->type == STRING || theVar->type == BITSTR) 
       free(theVar->value.data.strptr[0] );
     else 
       free( theVar->value.data.ptr );
   }
   for( i=0; ioperation>0 ) {
	 free( theDims[i]->value.data.ptr );
      }
}

static void Do_GTI( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
{
   Node *theExpr, *theTimes;
   double *start, *stop, *times;
   long elem, nGTI, gti;
   int ordered;
   int dorow = (this->operation == gtifind_fct);

   theTimes = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[0];
   theExpr  = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[1];

   nGTI    = theTimes->value.nelem;
   start   = theTimes->value.data.dblptr;
   stop    = theTimes->value.data.dblptr + nGTI;
   ordered = theTimes->type;

   if( theExpr->operation==CONST_OP ) {
      gti = Search_GTI( theExpr->value.data.dbl, nGTI, start, stop, ordered, 0 );
      if (dorow) {
	this->value.data.lng = (gti >= 0) ? (gti+1) : -1;
      } else {
	this->value.data.log = (gti>=0);
      }
      this->operation      = CONST_OP;

   } else {

      Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );

      times = theExpr->value.data.dblptr;
      if( !lParse->status ) {

	 elem = lParse->nRows * this->value.nelem;
	 if( nGTI ) {
	    gti = -1;
	    while( elem-- ) {
	       if( (this->value.undef[elem] = theExpr->value.undef[elem]) )
		  continue;

            /*  Before searching entire GTI, check the GTI found last time  */
	       if( gti<0 || times[elem]stop[gti] ) {
		 gti = Search_GTI( times[elem], nGTI, start, stop, ordered, 0 );
	       }
	       if (dorow) {
		 this->value.data.lngptr[elem] = ( gti >= 0 ) ? (gti + 1) : (-1);
		 this->value.undef[elem]  = ( gti >= 0 ) ? 0 : 1;
	       } else {
		 this->value.data.logptr[elem] = ( gti>=0 );
	       }
	    }
	 } else { /* nGTI == 0 */

	   if (dorow) { /* no good times so all values are undef */
	     while( elem-- ) {
	       this->value.undef[elem]       = 1;
	     }
	   } else {    /* no good times so all logicals are 0 */
	     while( elem-- ) {
	       this->value.data.logptr[elem] = 0;
	       this->value.undef[elem]       = 0;
	     }
	   }
	   
	 }
      }
   }

   if( theExpr->operation>0 )
      free( theExpr->value.data.ptr );
}

static void Do_GTI_Over( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
{
   Node *theTimes, *theStart, *theStop;
   double *gtiStart, *gtiStop;
   double *evtStart, *evtStop;
   long elem, nGTI, gti, nextGTI;
   int ordered;

   theTimes = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[0]; /* GTI times */
   theStop  = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[2]; /* User start time */
   theStart = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[1]; /* User stop time */

   nGTI     = theTimes->value.nelem;
   gtiStart = theTimes->value.data.dblptr;        /* GTI start */
   gtiStop  = theTimes->value.data.dblptr + nGTI; /* GTI stop */

   if( theStart->operation==CONST_OP && theStop->operation==CONST_OP) {

      this->value.data.dbl = 
	(GTI_Over( theStart->value.data.dbl, theStop->value.data.dbl,
		   nGTI, gtiStart, gtiStop, >i));
      this->operation      = CONST_OP;

   } else {
      char undefStart = 0, undefStop = 0; /* Input values are undef? */
      double uStart, uStop;       /* User start/stop values */
      if (theStart->operation==CONST_OP) uStart = theStart->value.data.dbl;
      if (theStop ->operation==CONST_OP) uStop  = theStop ->value.data.dbl;

      Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );

      evtStart = theStart->value.data.dblptr;
      evtStop  = theStop ->value.data.dblptr;
      if( !lParse->status ) {

	 elem = lParse->nRows * this->value.nelem;
	 if( nGTI ) {
	    double toverlap = 0.0;
	    gti = -1;
	    while( elem-- ) {
	      if (theStart->operation!=CONST_OP) {
		undefStart = theStart->value.undef[elem];
		uStart     = evtStart[elem];
	      }
	      if (theStop->operation!=CONST_OP) {
		undefStop  = theStop ->value.undef[elem];
		uStop      = evtStop[elem];
	      }
	      /* This works because at least one of the values is not const */
	      if( (this->value.undef[elem] = (undefStart||undefStop)) )
		  continue;

            /*  Before searching entire GTI, check the GTI found last time  */
	       if( gti<0 || 
		   uStartgtiStop[gti] ||
		   uStop gtiStop[gti]) {
		 /* Nope, need to recalculate */
		 toverlap = GTI_Over(uStart, uStop, 
				     nGTI, gtiStart, gtiStop, 
				     >i);
	       } else {
		 /* We are in same GTI, the overlap is just stop-start of user range */
		 toverlap = (uStop-uStart);
	       }

	       /* This works because at least one of the values is not const */
	       this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = toverlap;
	    }
	 } else
	    /* nGTI == 0; there is no overlap so set all values to 0.0 */
	    while( elem-- ) {
	       this->value.data.dblptr[elem] = 0.0;
	       this->value.undef[elem]       = 0;
	    }
      }
   }

   if( theStart->operation>0 ) {
     free( theStart->value.data.ptr );
   }
   if( theStop->operation>0 ) {
     free( theStop->value.data.ptr );
   }
}

static double GTI_Over(double evtStart, double evtStop,
		       long nGTI, double *start, double *stop,
		       long *gtiout)
{
  long gti1, gti2, nextGTI1, nextGTI2;
  long gti, nMax;
  double overlap = 0.0;

  *gtiout = -1L;
  /* Zero or negative bin size */
  if (evtStop <= evtStart) return 0.0;

  /* Locate adjacent GTIs for evtStart and evtStop */
  gti1 = Search_GTI(evtStart, nGTI, start, stop, 1, &nextGTI1);
  gti2 = Search_GTI(evtStop,  nGTI, start, stop, 1, &nextGTI2);

  /* evtStart is in gti1, we return that for future processing */
  if (gti1 >= 0) *gtiout = gti1;

  /* Both evtStart/evtStop are beyond the last GTI */
  if (nextGTI1 < 0 && nextGTI2 < 0) return 0.0;

  /* Both evtStart/evtStop are in the same gap between GTIs */
  if (gti1 < 0 && gti2 < 0 && nextGTI1 == nextGTI2) return 0.0;

  /* Both evtStart/evtStop are in the same GTI */
  if (gti1 >= 0 && gti1 == gti2) return (evtStop-evtStart);

  /* Count through the remaining GTIs; there will be at least one */
  /* The largest GTI to consider is either nextGTI2-1, if it exists,
     or nGTI-1 */
  if (nextGTI2 < 0) nMax = nGTI-1;
  else if (gti2 >= 0) nMax = nextGTI2;
  else nMax = nextGTI2-1;
  for (gti = nextGTI1; gti <= nMax; gti++) {
    double starti = start[gti], stopi = stop[gti];
    /* Trim the GTI by actual evtStart/Stop times */
    if (evtStart > starti) starti = evtStart;
    if (evtStop  < stopi ) stopi  = evtStop;
    overlap += (stopi - starti);
  }
    
  return overlap;
}

/*
 * Search_GTI - search GTI for requested evtTime
 * 
 * double evtTime - requested event time
 * long nGTI - number of entries in start[] and stop[]
 * double start[], stop[] - start and stop of each GTI
 * int ordered - set to 1 if time-ordered
 * long *nextGTI0 - upon return, *nextGTI0 is either
 *                   the GTI evtTime is inside
 *                   the next GTI if evtTime is not inside
 *                   -1L if there is no next GTI
 *                   not set if nextGTI0 is a null pointer
 *
 * NOTE: for *nextGTI to be well-defined, the GTI must
 *   be ordered.  This is true when called by Do_GTI.
 *
 * RETURNS: gti index that evtTime is located inside, or -1L
 */
static long Search_GTI( double evtTime, long nGTI, double *start,
			double *stop, int ordered, long *nextGTI0 )
{
   long gti, nextGTI = -1L, step;
                             
   if( ordered && nGTI>15 ) { /*  If time-ordered and lots of GTIs,   */
                              /*  use "FAST" Binary search algorithm  */
      if( evtTime>=start[0] && evtTime<=stop[nGTI-1] ) {
	 gti = step = (nGTI >> 1);
	 while(1) {
	    if( step>1L ) step >>= 1;
	    
	    if( evtTime>stop[gti] ) {
	       if( evtTime>=start[gti+1] )
		  gti += step;
	       else {
		  nextGTI = gti+1;
		  gti = -1L;
		  break;
	       }
	    } else if( evtTime evtTime) nextGTI = 0;
	 gti = -1L;
      }
      
   } else { /*  Use "SLOW" linear search.  Not required to be 
	        ordered, so we have to search the whole table
		no matter what.
	    */
      gti = nGTI;
      while( gti-- ) {
	if( stop[gti] >= evtTime ) nextGTI = gti;
	if( evtTime>=start[gti] && evtTime<=stop[gti] )
	    break;
      }
   }

   if (nextGTI >= nGTI) nextGTI = -1;
   if (nextGTI0) *nextGTI0 = nextGTI;

   return( gti );
}

static void Do_REG( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
{
   Node *theRegion, *theX, *theY;
   double Xval=0.0, Yval=0.0;
   char   Xnull=0, Ynull=0;
   int    Xvector, Yvector;
   long   nelem, elem, rows;

   theRegion = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[0];
   theX      = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[1];
   theY      = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[2];

   Xvector = ( theX->operation!=CONST_OP );
   if( Xvector )
      Xvector = theX->value.nelem;
   else {
      Xval  = theX->value.data.dbl;
   }

   Yvector = ( theY->operation!=CONST_OP );
   if( Yvector )
      Yvector = theY->value.nelem;
   else {
      Yval  = theY->value.data.dbl;
   } 

   if( !Xvector && !Yvector ) {

      this->value.data.log =
	 ( fits_in_region( Xval, Yval, (SAORegion *)theRegion->value.data.ptr )
	   != 0 );
      this->operation      = CONST_OP;

   } else {

      Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );

      if( !lParse->status ) {

	 rows  = lParse->nRows;
	 nelem = this->value.nelem;
	 elem  = rows*nelem;

	 while( rows-- ) {
	    while( nelem-- ) {
	       elem--;

	       if( Xvector>1 ) {
		  Xval  = theX->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		  Xnull = theX->value.undef[elem];
	       } else if( Xvector ) {
		  Xval  = theX->value.data.dblptr[rows];
		  Xnull = theX->value.undef[rows];
	       }

	       if( Yvector>1 ) {
		  Yval  = theY->value.data.dblptr[elem];
		  Ynull = theY->value.undef[elem];
	       } else if( Yvector ) {
		  Yval  = theY->value.data.dblptr[rows];
		  Ynull = theY->value.undef[rows];
	       }

	       this->value.undef[elem] = ( Xnull || Ynull );
	       if( this->value.undef[elem] )
		  continue;

	       this->value.data.logptr[elem] = 
		  ( fits_in_region( Xval, Yval,
				    (SAORegion *)theRegion->value.data.ptr )
		    != 0 );
	    }
	    nelem = this->value.nelem;
	 }
      }
   }

   if( theX->operation>0 )
      free( theX->value.data.ptr );
   if( theY->operation>0 )
      free( theY->value.data.ptr );
}

static void Do_Vector( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
{
   Node *that;
   long row, elem, idx, jdx, offset=0;
   int node;

   Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );

   if( !lParse->status ) {

      for( node=0; nodenSubNodes; node++ ) {

	 that = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[node];

	 if( that->operation == CONST_OP ) {

	    idx = lParse->nRows*this->value.nelem + offset;
	    while( (idx-=this->value.nelem)>=0 ) {
	       
	       this->value.undef[idx] = 0;

	       switch( this->type ) {
	       case BOOLEAN:
		  this->value.data.logptr[idx] = that->value.data.log;
		  break;
	       case LONG:
		  this->value.data.lngptr[idx] = that->value.data.lng;
		  break;
	       case DOUBLE:
		  this->value.data.dblptr[idx] = that->value.data.dbl;
		  break;
	       }
	    }
	    
	 } else {
	       
	    row  = lParse->nRows;
	    idx  = row * that->value.nelem;
	    while( row-- ) {
	       elem = that->value.nelem;
	       jdx = row*this->value.nelem + offset;
	       while( elem-- ) {
		  this->value.undef[jdx+elem] =
		     that->value.undef[--idx];

		  switch( this->type ) {
		  case BOOLEAN:
		     this->value.data.logptr[jdx+elem] =
			that->value.data.logptr[idx];
		     break;
		  case LONG:
		     this->value.data.lngptr[jdx+elem] =
			that->value.data.lngptr[idx];
		     break;
		  case DOUBLE:
		     this->value.data.dblptr[jdx+elem] =
			that->value.data.dblptr[idx];
		     break;
		  }
	       }
	    }
	 }
	 offset += that->value.nelem;
      }

   }

   for( node=0; node < this->nSubNodes; node++ )
     if( OPER(this->SubNodes[node])>0 )
       free( lParse->Nodes[this->SubNodes[node]].value.data.ptr );
}

static void Do_Array( ParseData *lParse, Node *this )
{
   Node *that;
   long row, elem, idx, jdx, offset=0;
   int node;

   Allocate_Ptrs( lParse, this );

   if( !lParse->status ) {

     /* This is the item to be replicated */
     that = lParse->Nodes + this->SubNodes[0];

     if( that->operation == CONST_OP ) {

       idx = lParse->nRows*this->value.nelem + offset;
       while( idx-- ) {

	 this->value.undef[idx] = 0;

	 switch( this->type ) {
	 case BOOLEAN:
	   this->value.data.logptr[idx] = that->value.data.log;
	   break;
	 case LONG:
	   this->value.data.lngptr[idx] = that->value.data.lng;
	   break;
	 case DOUBLE:
	   this->value.data.dblptr[idx] = that->value.data.dbl;
	   break;
	 }
       }

     } else if (that->value.nelem > 1) { /* array "REFORM" */
       /* Note that dimensions change but total number of elements is same,
	  so we just do a straight copy */
      
       idx = lParse->nRows*this->value.nelem;
       while( idx-- ) {

	 this->value.undef[idx] = that->value.undef[idx];

	 switch( this->type ) {
	 case BOOLEAN:
	   this->value.data.logptr[idx] = that->value.data.logptr[idx];
	   break;
	 case LONG:
	   this->value.data.lngptr[idx] = that->value.data.lngptr[idx];
	   break;
	 case DOUBLE:
	   this->value.data.dblptr[idx] = that->value.data.dblptr[idx];
	   break;
	 }
       }
       
     } else { /* Any promotion of scalar to vector/array */
       
       row  = lParse->nRows;
       idx  = row * this->value.nelem - 1;
       while( row-- ) {
	 elem = this->value.nelem;
	 while( elem-- ) {
	   this->value.undef[idx] = that->value.undef[row];

	   switch( this->type ) {
	   case BOOLEAN:
	     this->value.data.logptr[idx] = that->value.data.logptr[row];
	     break;
	   case LONG:
	     this->value.data.lngptr[idx] = that->value.data.lngptr[row];
	     break;
	   case DOUBLE:
	     this->value.data.dblptr[idx] = that->value.data.dblptr[row];
	     break;
	   }
	   idx--;
	 }
       }

     } /* not constant */

     if( OPER(this->SubNodes[0])>0 )
       free( lParse->Nodes[this->SubNodes[0]].value.data.ptr );

   }

}

/*****************************************************************************/
/*  Utility routines which perform the calculations on bits and SAO regions  */
/*****************************************************************************/

static char bitlgte(char *bits1, int oper, char *bits2)
{
 int val1, val2, nextbit;
 char result;
 int i, l1, l2, length, ldiff;
 char *stream=0;
 char chr1, chr2;

 l1 = strlen(bits1);
 l2 = strlen(bits2);
 length = (l1 > l2) ? l1 : l2;
 stream = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char)*(length+1));
 if (l1 < l2)
   {
    ldiff = l2 - l1;
    i=0;
    while( ldiff-- ) stream[i++] = '0';
    while( l1--    ) stream[i++] = *(bits1++);
    stream[i] = '\0';
    bits1 = stream;
   }
 else if (l2 < l1)
   {
    ldiff = l1 - l2;
    i=0;
    while( ldiff-- ) stream[i++] = '0';
    while( l2--    ) stream[i++] = *(bits2++);
    stream[i] = '\0';
    bits2 = stream;
   }

 val1 = val2 = 0;
 nextbit = 1;

 while( length-- )
    {
     chr1 = bits1[length];
     chr2 = bits2[length];
     if ((chr1 != 'x')&&(chr1 != 'X')&&(chr2 != 'x')&&(chr2 != 'X'))
       {
        if (chr1 == '1') val1 += nextbit;
        if (chr2 == '1') val2 += nextbit;
        nextbit *= 2;
       }
    }
 result = 0;
 switch (oper)
       {
        case LT:
             if (val1 < val2) result = 1;
             break;
        case LTE:
             if (val1 <= val2) result = 1;
             break;
        case GT:
             if (val1 > val2) result = 1;
             break;
        case GTE:
             if (val1 >= val2) result = 1;
             break;
       }
 free(stream);
 return (result);
}

static void bitand(char *result,char *bitstrm1,char *bitstrm2)
{
 int i, l1, l2, ldiff, largestStream;
 char *stream=0;
 char chr1, chr2;

 l1 = strlen(bitstrm1);
 l2 = strlen(bitstrm2);
 largestStream = (l1 > l2) ? l1 : l2;
 stream = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char)*(largestStream+1));
 if (l1 < l2)
   {
    ldiff = l2 - l1;
    i=0;
    while( ldiff-- ) stream[i++] = '0';
    while( l1--    ) stream[i++] = *(bitstrm1++);
    stream[i] = '\0';
    bitstrm1 = stream;
   }
 else if (l2 < l1)
   {
    ldiff = l1 - l2;
    i=0;
    while( ldiff-- ) stream[i++] = '0';
    while( l2--    ) stream[i++] = *(bitstrm2++);
    stream[i] = '\0';
    bitstrm2 = stream;
   }
 while ( (chr1 = *(bitstrm1++)) ) 
    {
       chr2 = *(bitstrm2++);
       if ((chr1 == 'x') || (chr2 == 'x'))
          *result = 'x';
       else if ((chr1 == '1') && (chr2 == '1'))
          *result = '1';
       else
          *result = '0';
       result++;
    }
 free(stream);
 *result = '\0';
}

static void bitor(char *result,char *bitstrm1,char *bitstrm2)
{
 int i, l1, l2, ldiff, largestStream;
 char *stream=0;
 char chr1, chr2;

 l1 = strlen(bitstrm1);
 l2 = strlen(bitstrm2);
 largestStream = (l1 > l2) ? l1 : l2;
 stream = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char)*(largestStream+1));
 if (l1 < l2)
   {
    ldiff = l2 - l1;
    i=0;
    while( ldiff-- ) stream[i++] = '0';
    while( l1--    ) stream[i++] = *(bitstrm1++);
    stream[i] = '\0';
    bitstrm1 = stream;
   }
 else if (l2 < l1)
   {
    ldiff = l1 - l2;
    i=0;
    while( ldiff-- ) stream[i++] = '0';
    while( l2--    ) stream[i++] = *(bitstrm2++);
    stream[i] = '\0';
    bitstrm2 = stream;
   }
 while ( (chr1 = *(bitstrm1++)) ) 
    {
       chr2 = *(bitstrm2++);
       if ((chr1 == '1') || (chr2 == '1'))
          *result = '1';
       else if ((chr1 == '0') || (chr2 == '0'))
          *result = '0';
       else
          *result = 'x';
       result++;
    }
 free(stream);
 *result = '\0';
}

static void bitnot(char *result,char *bits)
{
   int length;
   char chr;

   length = strlen(bits);
   while( length-- ) {
      chr = *(bits++);
      *(result++) = ( chr=='1' ? '0' : ( chr=='0' ? '1' : chr ) );
   }
   *result = '\0';
}

static char bitcmp(char *bitstrm1, char *bitstrm2)
{
 int i, l1, l2, ldiff, largestStream;
 char *stream=0;
 char chr1, chr2;

 l1 = strlen(bitstrm1);
 l2 = strlen(bitstrm2);
 largestStream = (l1 > l2) ? l1 : l2;
 stream = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char)*(largestStream+1));
 if (l1 < l2)
   {
    ldiff = l2 - l1;
    i=0;
    while( ldiff-- ) stream[i++] = '0';
    while( l1--    ) stream[i++] = *(bitstrm1++);
    stream[i] = '\0';
    bitstrm1 = stream;
   }
 else if (l2 < l1)
   {
    ldiff = l1 - l2;
    i=0;
    while( ldiff-- ) stream[i++] = '0';
    while( l2--    ) stream[i++] = *(bitstrm2++);
    stream[i] = '\0';
    bitstrm2 = stream;
   }
 while( (chr1 = *(bitstrm1++)) )
    {
       chr2 = *(bitstrm2++);
       if ( ((chr1 == '0') && (chr2 == '1'))
	    || ((chr1 == '1') && (chr2 == '0')) )
       {
          free(stream);
	  return( 0 );
       }
    }
 free(stream);
 return( 1 );
}

static char bnear(double x, double y, double tolerance)
{
 if (fabs(x - y) < tolerance)
   return ( 1 );
 else
   return ( 0 );
}

static char saobox(double xcen, double ycen, double xwid, double ywid,
		   double rot,  double xcol, double ycol)
{
 double x,y,xprime,yprime,xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax,theta;

 theta = (rot / 180.0) * myPI;
 xprime = xcol - xcen;
 yprime = ycol - ycen;
 x =  xprime * cos(theta) + yprime * sin(theta);
 y = -xprime * sin(theta) + yprime * cos(theta);
 xmin = - 0.5 * xwid; xmax = 0.5 * xwid;
 ymin = - 0.5 * ywid; ymax = 0.5 * ywid;
 if ((x >= xmin) && (x <= xmax) && (y >= ymin) && (y <= ymax))
   return ( 1 );
 else
   return ( 0 );
}

static char circle(double xcen, double ycen, double rad,
		   double xcol, double ycol)
{
 double r2,dx,dy,dlen;

 dx = xcol - xcen;
 dy = ycol - ycen;
 dx *= dx; dy *= dy;
 dlen = dx + dy;
 r2 = rad * rad;
 if (dlen <= r2)
   return ( 1 );
 else
   return ( 0 );
}

static char ellipse(double xcen, double ycen, double xrad, double yrad,
		    double rot, double xcol, double ycol)
{
 double x,y,xprime,yprime,dx,dy,dlen,theta;

 theta = (rot / 180.0) * myPI;
 xprime = xcol - xcen;
 yprime = ycol - ycen;
 x =  xprime * cos(theta) + yprime * sin(theta);
 y = -xprime * sin(theta) + yprime * cos(theta);
 dx = x / xrad; dy = y / yrad;
 dx *= dx; dy *= dy;
 dlen = dx + dy;
 if (dlen <= 1.0)
   return ( 1 );
 else
   return ( 0 );
}

/*
 * Extract substring
 */
 int cstrmid(ParseData *lParse, char *dest_str, int dest_len,
	    char *src_str,  int src_len,
	    int pos)
{
  /* char fill_char = ' '; */
  char fill_char = '\0';
  if (src_len == 0) { src_len = strlen(src_str); } /* .. if constant */

  /* Fill destination with blanks */
  if (pos < 0) { 
    yyerror(0, lParse, "STRMID(S,P,N) P must be 0 or greater");
    return -1;
  }
  if (pos > src_len || pos == 0) {
    /* pos==0: blank string requested */
    memset(dest_str, fill_char, dest_len);
  } else if (pos+dest_len > src_len) {
    /* Copy a subset */
    int nsub = src_len-pos+1;
    int npad = dest_len - nsub;
    memcpy(dest_str, src_str+pos-1, nsub);
    /* Fill remaining string with blanks */
    memset(dest_str+nsub, fill_char, npad);
  } else {
    /* Full string copy */
    memcpy(dest_str, src_str+pos-1, dest_len);
  }
  dest_str[dest_len] = '\0'; /* Null-terminate */

  return 0;
}


static void yyerror(yyscan_t scanner, ParseData *lParse, char *s)
{
    char msg[80];

    if( !lParse->status ) lParse->status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;

    strncpy(msg, s, 80);
    msg[79] = '\0';
    ffpmsg(msg);
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/iter_c.c0000644000225700000360000001356713472024437014100 0ustar  cagordonlhea#include 
#include 
#include 
#include "fitsio.h"

/*
    This example program illustrates how to use the CFITSIO iterator function.

    This program creates a 2D histogram of the X and Y columns of an event
    list.  The 'main' routine just creates the empty new image, then executes
    the 'writehisto' work function by calling the CFITSIO iterator function.

    'writehisto' opens the FITS event list that contains the X and Y columns.
    It then calls a second work function, calchisto, (by recursively calling
    the CFITSIO iterator function) which actually computes the 2D histogram.
*/

/*   Globally defined parameters */

long xsize = 480; /* size of the histogram image */
long ysize = 480;
long xbinsize = 32;
long ybinsize = 32;

main()
{
    extern writehisto();  /* external work function passed to the iterator */
    extern long xsize, ysize;  /* size of image */

    fitsfile *fptr;
    iteratorCol cols[1];
    int n_cols, status = 0;
    long n_per_loop, offset, naxes[2];
    char filename[]  = "histoimg.fit";     /* name of FITS image */

    remove(filename);   /* delete previous version of the file if it exists */
    fits_create_file(&fptr, filename, &status);  /* create new output image */

    naxes[0] = xsize;
    naxes[1] = ysize;
    fits_create_img(fptr, LONG_IMG, 2, naxes, &status); /* create primary HDU */

    n_cols  = 1;   /* number of columns */

    /* define input column structure members for the iterator function */
    fits_iter_set_by_name(&cols[0], fptr, " ", TLONG, OutputCol);

    n_per_loop = -1;  /* force whole array to be passed at one time */
    offset = 0;       /* don't skip over any pixels */

    /* execute the function to create and write the 2D histogram */
    printf("Calling writehisto iterator work function... %d\n", status);

    fits_iterate_data(n_cols, cols, offset, n_per_loop,
                      writehisto, 0L, &status);

    fits_close_file(fptr, &status);      /* all done; close the file */

    if (status)
        fits_report_error(stderr, status);  /* print out error messages */
    else
        printf("Program completed successfully.\n");

    return(status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int writehisto(long totaln, long offset, long firstn, long nvalues,
             int narrays, iteratorCol *histo, void *userPointer)
/*
   Iterator work function that writes out the 2D histogram.
   The histogram values are calculated by another work function, calchisto.

   This routine is executed only once since nvalues was forced to = totaln.
*/
{
    extern calchisto();  /* external function called by the iterator */
    long *histogram;
    fitsfile *tblptr;
    iteratorCol cols[2];
    int n_cols, status = 0;
    long rows_per_loop, rowoffset;
    char filename[]  = "iter_c.fit";     /* name of FITS table */

    /* do sanity checking of input values */
    if (totaln != nvalues)
        return(-1);  /* whole image must be passed at one time */

    if (narrays != 1)
        return(-2);  /* number of images is incorrect */

    if (fits_iter_get_datatype(&histo[0]) != TLONG)
        return(-3);  /* input array has wrong data type */

    /* assign the FITS array pointer to the global histogram pointer */
    histogram = (long *) fits_iter_get_array(&histo[0]);

    /* open the file and move to the table containing the X and Y columns */
    fits_open_file(&tblptr, filename, READONLY, &status);
    fits_movnam_hdu(tblptr, BINARY_TBL, "EVENTS", 0, &status);
    if (status)
       return(status);
   
    n_cols = 2; /* number of columns */

    /* define input column structure members for the iterator function */
    fits_iter_set_by_name(&cols[0], tblptr, "X", TLONG,  InputCol);
    fits_iter_set_by_name(&cols[1], tblptr, "Y", TLONG, InputCol);

    rows_per_loop = 0;  /* take default number of rows per interation */
    rowoffset = 0;     

    /* calculate the histogram */
    printf("Calling calchisto iterator work function... %d\n", status);

    fits_iterate_data(n_cols, cols, rowoffset, rows_per_loop,
                      calchisto, histogram, &status);

    fits_close_file(tblptr, &status);      /* all done */
    return(status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int calchisto(long totalrows, long offset, long firstrow, long nrows,
             int ncols, iteratorCol *cols, void *userPointer)

/*
   Interator work function that calculates values for the 2D histogram.
*/
{
    extern long xsize, ysize, xbinsize, ybinsize;
    long ii, ihisto, xbin, ybin;
    static long *xcol, *ycol, *histogram;  /* static to preserve values */

    /*--------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Initialization procedures: execute on the first call  */
    /*--------------------------------------------------------*/
    if (firstrow == 1)
    {
        /* do sanity checking of input values */
       if (ncols != 2)
         return(-3);  /* number of arrays is incorrect */

       if (fits_iter_get_datatype(&cols[0]) != TLONG ||
           fits_iter_get_datatype(&cols[1]) != TLONG)
         return(-4);  /* wrong datatypes */

       /* assign the input array points to the X and Y arrays */
       xcol = (long *) fits_iter_get_array(&cols[0]);
       ycol = (long *) fits_iter_get_array(&cols[1]);
       histogram = (long *) userPointer;

       /* initialize the histogram image pixels = 0 */
       for (ii = 0; ii <= xsize * ysize; ii++)
           histogram[ii] = 0L;
    }

    /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Main loop: increment the 2D histogram at position of each event */
    /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/

    for (ii = 1; ii <= nrows; ii++) 
    {
        xbin = xcol[ii] / xbinsize;
        ybin = ycol[ii] / ybinsize;

        ihisto = ( ybin * xsize ) + xbin + 1;
        histogram[ihisto]++;
    }

    return(0);
}

cfitsio-4.3.1/iter_b.f0000644000225700000360000001305713472024437014074 0ustar  cagordonlhea      program f77iterate_b

C     external work function is passed to the iterator
      external str_iter

      integer ncols
      parameter (ncols=2)
      integer units(ncols), colnum(ncols), datatype(ncols)
      integer iotype(ncols), offset, rows_per_loop, status
      character*70 colname(ncols)

      integer iunit, blocksize
      character*80 fname

C     include f77.inc -------------------------------------
C     Codes for FITS extension types
      integer IMAGE_HDU, ASCII_TBL, BINARY_TBL
      parameter (
     &     IMAGE_HDU  = 0,
     &     ASCII_TBL  = 1,
     &     BINARY_TBL = 2  )

C     Codes for FITS table data types

      integer TBIT,TBYTE,TLOGICAL,TSTRING,TSHORT,TINT
      integer TFLOAT,TDOUBLE,TCOMPLEX,TDBLCOMPLEX
      parameter (
     &     TBIT        =   1,
     &     TBYTE       =  11,
     &     TLOGICAL    =  14,
     &     TSTRING     =  16,
     &     TSHORT      =  21,
     &     TINT        =  31,
     &     TFLOAT      =  42,
     &     TDOUBLE     =  82,
     &     TCOMPLEX    =  83,
     &     TDBLCOMPLEX = 163  )

C     Codes for iterator column types

      integer InputCol, InputOutputCol, OutputCol
      parameter (
     &     InputCol       = 0,
     &     InputOutputCol = 1,
     &     OutputCol      = 2  )
C     End of f77.inc -------------------------------------

      status = 0

      fname = 'iter_b.fit'
      iunit = 15

C     both columns are in the same FITS file
      units(1) = iunit
      units(2) = iunit

C     open the file and move to the correct extension
      call ftopen(iunit,fname,1,blocksize,status)
      call ftmnhd(iunit, BINARY_TBL, 'iter_test', 0, status)

C     define the desired columns by name
      colname(1) = 'Avalue'
      colname(2) = 'Lvalue'

C     leave column numbers undefined
      colnum(1) = 0
      colnum(2) = 0  

C     define the desired datatype for each column: TSTRING & TLOGICAL
      datatype(1) = TSTRING
      datatype(2) = TLOGICAL

C     define whether columns are input, input/output, or output only
C     Both in/out
      iotype(1) = InputOutputCol
      iotype(2) = InputOutputCol
 
C     use default optimum number of rows and process all the rows
      rows_per_loop = 0
      offset = 0

C     apply the  function to each row of the table
      print *,'Calling iterator function...', status

      call ftiter( ncols, units, colnum, colname, datatype, iotype,
     &      offset, rows_per_loop, str_iter, 0, status )

      call ftclos(iunit, status)

C     print out error messages if problem
      if (status.ne.0) call ftrprt('STDERR', status)
      stop
      end

C--------------------------------------------------------------------------
C
C   Sample iterator function.
C
C--------------------------------------------------------------------------
      subroutine str_iter(totalrows, offset, firstrow, nrows, ncols,
     &     units, colnum, datatype, iotype, repeat, status, 
     &     userData, stringCol, logicalCol )

      integer totalrows,offset,firstrow,nrows,ncols,status
      integer units(*),colnum(*),datatype(*),iotype(*),repeat(*)
      integer userData
      character*(*) stringCol(*)
      logical logicalCol(*)

      integer ii

C     include f77.inc -------------------------------------
C     Codes for FITS extension types
      integer IMAGE_HDU, ASCII_TBL, BINARY_TBL
      parameter (
     &     IMAGE_HDU  = 0,
     &     ASCII_TBL  = 1,
     &     BINARY_TBL = 2  )

C     Codes for FITS table data types

      integer TBIT,TBYTE,TLOGICAL,TSTRING,TSHORT,TINT
      integer TFLOAT,TDOUBLE,TCOMPLEX,TDBLCOMPLEX
      parameter (
     &     TBIT        =   1,
     &     TBYTE       =  11,
     &     TLOGICAL    =  14,
     &     TSTRING     =  16,
     &     TSHORT      =  21,
     &     TINT        =  31,
     &     TFLOAT      =  42,
     &     TDOUBLE     =  82,
     &     TCOMPLEX    =  83,
     &     TDBLCOMPLEX = 163  )

C     Codes for iterator column types

      integer InputCol, InputOutputCol, OutputCol
      parameter (
     &     InputCol       = 0,
     &     InputOutputCol = 1,
     &     OutputCol      = 2  )
C     End of f77.inc -------------------------------------

      if (status .ne. 0) return

C    --------------------------------------------------------
C      Initialization procedures: execute on the first call  
C    --------------------------------------------------------
      if (firstrow .eq. 1) then
         if (ncols .ne. 2) then
            status = -1
            return
         endif
         
         if (datatype(1).ne.TSTRING .or. datatype(2).ne.TLOGICAL) then
            status = -2
            return
         endif
         
         print *,'Total rows, No. rows = ',totalrows, nrows
         
      endif
      
C     -------------------------------------------
C       Main loop: process all the rows of data 
C     -------------------------------------------
      
C     NOTE: 1st element of array is the null pixel value!
C     Loop over elements 2 to nrows+1, not 1 to nrows.
      
      do 10 ii=2,nrows+1
         print *, stringCol(ii), logicalCol(ii)
         if( logicalCol(ii) ) then
            logicalCol(ii) = .false.
            stringCol(ii) = 'changed to false'
         else
            logicalCol(ii) = .true.
            stringCol(ii) = 'changed to true'
         endif
 10   continue
      
C     -------------------------------------------------------
C     Clean up procedures:  after processing all the rows  
C     -------------------------------------------------------
      
      if (firstrow + nrows - 1 .eq. totalrows) then
C     no action required in this case
      endif
      
      return
      end
      
cfitsio-4.3.1/eval.l0000644000225700000360000004132314335036354013562 0ustar  cagordonlhea/************************************************************************/
/*                                                                      */
/*                       CFITSIO Lexical Parser                         */
/*                                                                      */

/* This specifies a thread-safe reentrant version of lex functions */
%option reentrant
/* This specifies CFITSIO-unique names for lexer functions */
%option prefix="fits_parser_yy"
/* This facilitates calling between the Bison parser and this lexer */
%option bison-bridge

%{
/* This file is one of 3 files containing code which parses an          */
/* arithmetic expression and evaluates it in the context of an input    */
/* FITS file table extension.  The CFITSIO lexical parser is divided    */
/* into the following 3 parts/files: the CFITSIO "front-end",           */
/* eval_f.c, contains the interface between the user/CFITSIO and the    */
/* real core of the parser; the FLEX interpreter, eval_l.c, takes the   */
/* input string and parses it into tokens and identifies the FITS       */
/* information required to evaluate the expression (ie, keywords and    */
/* columns); and, the BISON grammar and evaluation routines, eval_y.c,  */
/* receives the FLEX output and determines and performs the actual      */
/* operations.  The files eval_l.c and eval_y.c are produced from       */
/* running flex and bison on the files eval.l and eval.y, respectively. */
/* (flex and bison are available from any GNU archive: see www.gnu.org) */
/*                                                                      */
/* The grammar rules, rather than evaluating the expression in situ,    */
/* builds a tree, or Nodal, structure mapping out the order of          */
/* operations and expression dependencies.  This "compilation" process  */
/* allows for much faster processing of multiple rows.  This technique  */
/* was developed by Uwe Lammers of the XMM Science Analysis System,     */
/* although the CFITSIO implementation is entirely code original.       */
/*                                                                      */
/*                                                                      */
/* Modification History:                                                */
/*                                                                      */
/*   Kent Blackburn      c1992  Original parser code developed for the  */
/*                              FTOOLS software package, in particular, */
/*                              the fselect task.                       */
/*   Kent Blackburn      c1995  BIT column support added                */
/*   Peter D Wilson   Feb 1998  Vector column support added             */
/*   Peter D Wilson   May 1998  Ported to CFITSIO library.  User        */
/*                              interface routines written, in essence  */
/*                              making fselect, fcalc, and maketime     */
/*                              capabilities available to all tools     */
/*                              via single function calls.              */
/*   Peter D Wilson   Jun 1998  Major rewrite of parser core, so as to  */
/*                              create a run-time evaluation tree,      */
/*                              inspired by the work of Uwe Lammers,    */
/*                              resulting in a speed increase of        */
/*                              10-100 times.                           */
/*   Peter D Wilson   Jul 1998  gtifilter(a,b,c,d) function added       */
/*   Peter D Wilson   Aug 1998  regfilter(a,b,c,d) function added       */
/*   Peter D Wilson   Jul 1999  Make parser fitsfile-independent,       */
/*                              allowing a purely vector-based usage    */
/*                                                                      */
/************************************************************************/

#include 
#include 
#include 
#ifdef sparc
#include 
#else
#include 
#endif
#include "eval_defs.h"
#include "eval_tab.h"

/* This is a shorthand accessor to get at the "extra" data inside the
   lexer, which in our case is the lParse (ParseData) structure */
#define yylParse (yyextra)

/*****  Internal functions  *****/

       int fits_parser_yyGetVariable( ParseData *lParse, char *varName, FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE *varVal );

static int find_variable( ParseData *lParse, char *varName );
static int expr_read( ParseData *lParse, char *buf, int nbytes );

/*****  Definitions  *****/

#define YY_NO_UNPUT   /*  Don't include YYUNPUT function  */
#define YY_NEVER_INTERACTIVE 1

#define MAXCHR 256
#define MAXBIT 128

#define OCT_0 "000"
#define OCT_1 "001"
#define OCT_2 "010"
#define OCT_3 "011"
#define OCT_4 "100"
#define OCT_5 "101"
#define OCT_6 "110"
#define OCT_7 "111"
#define OCT_X "xxx"

#define HEX_0 "0000"
#define HEX_1 "0001"
#define HEX_2 "0010"
#define HEX_3 "0011"
#define HEX_4 "0100"
#define HEX_5 "0101"
#define HEX_6 "0110"
#define HEX_7 "0111"
#define HEX_8 "1000"
#define HEX_9 "1001"
#define HEX_A "1010"
#define HEX_B "1011"
#define HEX_C "1100"
#define HEX_D "1101"
#define HEX_E "1110"
#define HEX_F "1111"
#define HEX_X "xxxx"

/* 
   MJT - 13 June 1996
   read from buffer instead of stdin
   (as per old ftools.skel)
*/
#undef YY_INPUT
#define YY_INPUT(buf,result,max_size) \
        if ( (result = expr_read( yylParse, (char *) buf, max_size )) < 0 ) \
            YY_FATAL_ERROR( "read() in flex scanner failed" );

%}

bit		([bB][01xX]+)
oct		([oO][01234567xX]+)
hex		([hH][0123456789aAbBcCdDeEfFxX]+)
bitconst        (0b[01]+)
hexconst        (0x[0123456789aAbBcCdDeEfF]+)
octconst        (0o]+)
integer		[0-9]+
boolean         (t|f|T|F)
real		([0-9]*"."[0-9]+)|([0-9]*"."*[0-9]+[eEdD][+-]?[0-9]+)|([0-9]*".")
constant        ("#"[a-zA-Z0-9_]+)|("#""$"[^\n]*"$")
string		([\"][^\"\n]*[\"])|([\'][^\'\n]*[\'])
variable	([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*)|("$"[^$\n]*"$")
function	[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]+"("
intcast		("(int)"|"(INT)")
fltcast		("(float)"|"(FLOAT)"|"(double)"|"(DOUBLE)")
power		("^"|"**")
not             ("!"|".not."|".NOT."|"not."|"NOT.")
or              ("||"|".or."|".OR."|"or."|"OR.")
and             ("&&"|".and."|".AND."|"and."|"AND.")
equal		("=="|".eq."|".EQ."|"eq."|"EQ.")
not_equal	("!="|".ne."|".NE."|"ne."|"NE.")
greater         (">"|".gt."|".GT."|"gt."|"GT.")
lesser          ("<"|".lt."|".LT."|"lt."|"LT.")
greater_eq	(">="|"=>"|".ge."|".GE."|"ge."|"GE.")
lesser_eq	("<="|"=<"|".le."|".LE."|"le."|"LE.")
xor             ("^^"|".xor."|".XOR.")
nl		\n

%%

[ \t]+     ;
{bit}		{
                  int len;
                  len = strlen(yytext);
		  while (yytext[len] == ' ')
			len--;
                  len = len - 1;
		  strncpy(yylval->str,&yytext[1],len);
		  yylval->str[len] = '\0';
		  return( BITSTR );
		}
{oct}		{
                  int len;
                  char tmpstring[256];
                  char bitstring[256];
                  len = strlen(yytext);
		  if (len >= 256) {
		    char errMsg[100];
		    yylParse->status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
		    strcpy (errMsg,"Bit string exceeds maximum length: '");
		    strncat(errMsg, &(yytext[0]), 20);
		    strcat (errMsg,"...'");
		    ffpmsg (errMsg);
		    len = 0;
		  } else {
		    while (yytext[len] == ' ')
		      len--;
		    len = len - 1;
		    strncpy(tmpstring,&yytext[1],len);
		  }
                  tmpstring[len] = '\0';
                  bitstring[0] = '\0';
		  len = 0;
                  while ( tmpstring[len] != '\0')
                       {
			switch ( tmpstring[len] )
			      {
			       case '0':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_0);
					break;
			       case '1':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_1);
					break;
			       case '2':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_2);
					break;
			       case '3':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_3);
					break;
			       case '4':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_4);
					break;
			       case '5':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_5);
					break;
			       case '6':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_6);
					break;
			       case '7':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_7);
					break;
			       case 'x':
			       case 'X':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_X);
					break;
			      }
			len++;
                       }
                  strcpy( yylval->str, bitstring );
		  return( BITSTR );
		}
{hex}		{
                  int len;
                  char tmpstring[256];
                  char bitstring[256];
                  len = strlen(yytext);
		  if (len >= 256) {
		    char errMsg[100];
		    yylParse->status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
		    strcpy (errMsg,"Hex string exceeds maximum length: '");
		    strncat(errMsg, &(yytext[0]), 20);
		    strcat (errMsg,"...'");
		    ffpmsg (errMsg);
		    len = 0;
		  } else {
		    while (yytext[len] == ' ')
		      len--;
		    len = len - 1;
		    strncpy(tmpstring,&yytext[1],len);
		  }
                  tmpstring[len] = '\0';
                  bitstring[0] = '\0';
		  len = 0;
                  while ( tmpstring[len] != '\0')
                       {
			switch ( tmpstring[len] )
			      {
			       case '0':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_0);
					break;
			       case '1':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_1);
					break;
			       case '2':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_2);
					break;
			       case '3':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_3);
					break;
			       case '4':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_4);
					break;
			       case '5':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_5);
					break;
			       case '6':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_6);
					break;
			       case '7':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_7);
					break;
			       case '8':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_8);
					break;
			       case '9':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_9);
					break;
			       case 'a':
			       case 'A':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_A);
					break;
			       case 'b':
			       case 'B':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_B);
					break;
			       case 'c':
			       case 'C':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_C);
					break;
			       case 'd':
			       case 'D':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_D);
					break;
			       case 'e':
			       case 'E':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_E);
					break;
			       case 'f':
			       case 'F':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_F);
					break;
			       case 'x':
			       case 'X':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_X);
					break;
			      }
			len++;
                       }

                  strcpy( yylval->str, bitstring );
		  return( BITSTR );
		}
{bitconst}      {
		  long int constval = 0;
		  char *p;
		  for (p = &(yytext[2]); *p; p++) {
		    constval = (constval << 1) | (*p == '1');
		  }
		  yylval->lng = constval;
		  return( LONG );
		}
{octconst}      {
		  long int constval = 0;
		  char *p;
		  for (p = &(yytext[2]); *p; p++) {
		    constval = (constval << 3) | (*p - '0');
		  }
		  yylval->lng = constval;
		  return( LONG );
		}
{hexconst}      {
		  long int constval = 0;
		  char *p;
		  for (p = &(yytext[2]); *p; p++) {
                    int v = (isdigit(*p) ? (*p - '0') : (*p - 'a' + 10));
                    constval = (constval << 4) | v;
		  }
		  yylval->lng = constval;
		  return( LONG );
		}

                  
{integer}	{
                  yylval->lng = atol(yytext);
		  return( LONG );
		}
{boolean}	{
                  if ((yytext[0] == 't') || (yytext[0] == 'T'))
		    yylval->log = 1;
		  else
		    yylval->log = 0;
		  return( BOOLEAN );
		}
{real}		{
                  yylval->dbl = atof(yytext);
		  return( DOUBLE );
		}
{constant}	{
                  if(        !fits_strcasecmp(yytext,"#PI") ) {
		     yylval->dbl = (double)(4) * atan((double)(1));
		     return( DOUBLE );
		  } else if( !fits_strcasecmp(yytext,"#E") ) {
		     yylval->dbl = exp((double)(1));
		     return( DOUBLE );
		  } else if( !fits_strcasecmp(yytext,"#DEG") ) {
		     yylval->dbl = ((double)4)*atan((double)1)/((double)180);
		     return( DOUBLE );
		  } else if( !fits_strcasecmp(yytext,"#ROW") ) {
		     return( ROWREF );
		  } else if( !fits_strcasecmp(yytext,"#NULL") ) {
		     return( NULLREF );
		  } else if( !fits_strcasecmp(yytext,"#SNULL") ) {
		     return( SNULLREF );
		  } else {
                     int len; 
		     int result;
                     if (yytext[1] == '$') {
                        len = strlen(yytext) - 3;
                        yylval->str[0]     = '#';
                        strncpy(yylval->str+1,&yytext[2],len);
                        yylval->str[len+1] = '\0';
                        yytext = yylval->str;
		     }
                     result = (*yylParse->getData)(yylParse, yytext, (yylval));
		     return result;
                  }
                }
{string}	{
                  int len;
                  len = strlen(yytext) - 2;
		  if (len >= MAX_STRLEN) {
		    char errMsg[100];
		    yylParse->status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
		    strcpy (errMsg,"String exceeds maximum length: '");
		    strncat(errMsg, &(yytext[1]), 20);
		    strcat (errMsg,"...'");
		    ffpmsg (errMsg);
		    len = 0;
		  } else {
		    strncpy(yylval->str,&yytext[1],len);
		  }
		  yylval->str[len] = '\0';
		  return( STRING );
		}
{variable}	{
		 int    len,type;

                 if (yytext[0] == '$') {
		    len = strlen(yytext) - 2;
		    strncpy(yylval->str,&yytext[1],len);
		    yylval->str[len] = '\0';
		    yytext = yylval->str;
		 } 
		 type = fits_parser_yyGetVariable(yylParse, yytext, (yylval));
		 return( type );
		}
{function}	{
                  char *fname;
		  int len=0;
                  fname = &(yylval->str[0]);
		  while( (fname[len]=toupper(yytext[len])) ) len++;

                  if(      FSTRCMP(fname,"BOX(")==0 
                        || FSTRCMP(fname,"CIRCLE(")==0 
                        || FSTRCMP(fname,"ELLIPSE(")==0 
                        || FSTRCMP(fname,"NEAR(")==0 
                        || FSTRCMP(fname,"ISNULL(")==0 
                         )
                     /* Return type is always boolean  */
		     return( BFUNCTION );

                  else if( FSTRCMP(fname,"GTIFILTER(")==0 )
                     return( GTIFILTER );

                  else if( FSTRCMP(fname,"GTIOVERLAP(")==0 )
                     return( GTIOVERLAP );

                  else if( FSTRCMP(fname,"GTIFIND(")==0 )
                     return( GTIFIND );

                  else if( FSTRCMP(fname,"REGFILTER(")==0 )
                     return( REGFILTER );

                  else if( FSTRCMP(fname,"STRSTR(")==0 )
                     return( IFUNCTION );  /* Returns integer */

                  else 
		     return( FUNCTION  );
		}
{intcast}	{ return( INTCAST ); }
{fltcast}	{ return( FLTCAST ); }
{power}		{ return( POWER   ); }
{not}		{ return( NOT     ); }
{or}		{ return( OR      ); }
{and}		{ return( AND     ); }
{equal}		{ return( EQ      ); }
{not_equal}	{ return( NE      ); }
{greater}	{ return( GT      ); }
{lesser}	{ return( LT      ); }
{greater_eq}	{ return( GTE     ); }
{lesser_eq}	{ return( LTE     ); }
{xor}           { return( XOR     ); }
{nl}		{ return( '\n'    ); }
.		{ return( yytext[0] ); }
%%

int yywrap(yyscan_t scanner)
{
  /* MJT -- 13 June 1996
     Supplied for compatibility with
     pre-2.5.1 versions of flex which
     do not recognize %option noyywrap 
  */
  return(1);
}

/* 
   expr_read is lifted from old ftools.skel. 
   Now we can use any version of flex with
   no .skel file necessary! MJT - 13 June 1996

   keep a memory of how many bytes have been
   read previously, so that an unlimited-sized
   buffer can be supported. PDW - 28 Feb 1998
*/

static int expr_read(ParseData *lParse, char *buf, int nbytes)
{
 int n;
 
 n = 0;
 if( !lParse->is_eobuf ) {
     do {
        buf[n++] = lParse->expr[lParse->index++];
       } while ((nexpr[lParse->index] != '\0'));
     if( lParse->expr[lParse->index] == '\0' ) lParse->is_eobuf = 1;
 }
 buf[n] = '\0';
 return(n);
}

int fits_parser_yyGetVariable( ParseData *lParse, char *varName, FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE *thelval )
{
   int varNum, type;
   char errMsg[MAXVARNAME+25];

   varNum = find_variable( lParse, varName );
   if( varNum<0 ) {
      if( lParse->getData ) {
	 type = (*lParse->getData)( lParse, varName, thelval );
      } else {
	 type = pERROR;
	 lParse->status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
	 strcpy (errMsg,"Unable to find data: ");
	 strncat(errMsg, varName, MAXVARNAME);
	 ffpmsg (errMsg);
      }
   } else {
      /*  Convert variable type into expression type  */
      switch( lParse->varData[ varNum ].type ) {
      case LONG:
      case DOUBLE:   type =  COLUMN;  break;
      case BOOLEAN:  type = BCOLUMN;  break;
      case STRING:   type = SCOLUMN;  break;
      case BITSTR:   type =  BITCOL;  break;
      default:
	 type = pERROR;
	 lParse->status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
	 strcpy (errMsg,"Bad datatype for data: ");
	 strncat(errMsg, varName, MAXVARNAME);
	 ffpmsg (errMsg);
	 break;
      }
      thelval->lng = varNum;
   }
   return( type );
}

static int find_variable(ParseData *lParse, char *varName)
{
   int i;
 
   if( lParse->nCols )
      for( i=0; inCols; i++ ) {
         if( ! fits_strncasecmp(lParse->varData[i].name,varName,MAXVARNAME) ) {
            return( i );
         }
      }
   return( -1 );
}
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%%EOF
cfitsio-4.3.1/docs/changes.txt0000644000225700000360000065543714523044740015575 0ustar  cagordonlhea                   Log of Changes Made to CFITSIO
                   
Version 4.3.1 - Nov 2023

  - Patch fix needed for modify and delete keyword functions to fully
    conform with v4.3.0 long string keyword read/write enhancements. 
                   
Version 4.3.0 - Jul 2023

  - Bug fix to fits_make_hist[d] that was introduced in 4.2.0.
  
  - Added overflow checking for case of reading images with 8-byte
    float values into 4-byte float arrays.
    
  - fits_write_key_longstr now handles case of writing a long keyword
    in combination with a long keyword value string.
    
  - Add conversion of French locale comma-to-period in corner cases
    appearing in ffr2e and ffd2e functions.
    
  - Increased the precision when writing version number to User-Agent
    strings for http connections.  This is needed to fully conform to
    3-field version string format.

  - Bug fix to GTIOVERLAP() calculator function, which was being
    treated as a boolean value in expressions, and is now correctly
    treated as a floating point result.

  - Bug fix to ARRAY() calculator function, which caused a memory
    overflow error

  - Enhancement to the ARRAY function, such that ARRAY(V,d) can
    apply new dimensions to V, as long as the total number
    of array/vector elements does not change.
    
  - Enhancement of long string keyword read/write functions to fully
    conform with FITS standard specifications for multi-line value
    and comment strings.  Two new functions have been added to 
    implement this: fits_get_key_com_strlen and fits_read_string_key_com.

Version 4.2.0 - Nov 2022
  
  - This release includes patches to security vulnerabilities.  We
    strongly encourage this upgrade, particularly for those running 
    CFITSIO in web accessible applications.
    
  - Fix to fits_read_key function, which was failing to properly read
    keywords declared type TUINT on compilers where sizeof(int) =
    sizeof(long).

  - Added new functions fits_read_cols and fits_write_cols to efficiently 
    read or write multiple columns in a single function call

  - Added new function fits_copy_selrows to copy only selected rows, such
    as the selected rows returned by fits_find_rows

  - Added new calculator functions ERF(X), ERFC(X) and GAMMA(X), which are
    mathematical special functions of the same name

  - Added new calculator function GTIFIND() which reports which GTI row
    brackets a given time sample

  - Added new calculator functions which operate upon vector table
    values NAXIS(V), NAXES(V,n), ELEMENTNUM(V) and AXISELEM(V,n),
    and ARRAY(X,d) which promotes scalar X to a vector or array
    with given dimensions.

  - The CFITSIO histogramming code now handles binning by any
    arbitrary calculator expression rather than just a column name.
    Both the binned columns as well as the optional weights may be
    calculator expressions, enclosed in parentheses.  

  - Binning of vector columns or expressions is now supported, as long
    as all binned inputs (as well as the optional weighting) have the
    same vector dimensions.  Binning of variable-length columns remains
    unsupported.

  - A bug that caused histogram weights from columns that are null values
    to be tallied along with non-null values has been fixed.

  - The CFITSIO calculator and histogramming functionality is now
    fully reentrant and does not require multithreading interlocks.

  - A long-standing segmentation fault bug in the histogramming code
    related to binning any value using the "reciprocal" /XXXX notation
    has been fixed.
    
  - Added mutex locks for thread safety in ftgiou and ftfiou.
  
  - Added several Fortran wrappers to support image read/write when
    'fpixel' and 'nelements' are 8-byte integers.
    
  - Fixed bug which was adding spaces to some cases of long string key
    value output.

Version 4.1.0 - Feb 2022
                   
  - Calls to the zlib inflate() function in zcompress.c now handle
    the Z_BUF_ERROR return value rather than exiting.

  - The SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 option has been removed when using the
    HCOMPRESS algorithm.  
    
  - Updated fits_get_version function to return a float calculated
    from 3 version fields.
                       
  - Added handling of SBYTE_IMG and ULONGLONG_IMG types to the
    fits_resize_img function.
    
  - Updates made to C/Fortran interfacing in cfortran.h and f77_wrap.h
    specifically driven by new Mac/ARM architecture.
    
  - Fix to the fits_insert_col functions to handle columns with
    TULONGLONG data.
                   
Version 4.0.0 - May 2021                   

  - Removed separate directory for zlib/gzip code, and updated
    configuration to check for zlib on the user's system (required).
    When use of cURL is enabled, it may also pull in zlib such
    that user applications may not need to link with it separately.

  - Changed version numbering to 3-field format.
      
  - Added new calculator functions SETNULL(x,y) to allow substitution of
    NULL values into tables, and GTIOVERLAP() for calculating the amount
    of GTI overlap exposure for a time bin.
    
  - Fix added for proper handling of string columns with zero repeat
    count.
    
  - Fix to column filtering expressions which write #NULL values to
    columns of type (J) format.
    
  - Fix to memory clearing when using polygon shapes in region files.
     
  - Fix to fits_str2time function so that it now flags a particular case
    of bad syntax which was previously getting through.
    
  - In ffgclb and ffpclb (read/write byte columns), the "undocumented"
    feature of being able to transfer columns 'A' string columnss as
    byte arrays is now handled correctly, with improved error checking
    via updates to ffgcprll.  More documentation on string handling is
    in cfitsio.tex.

  - Fix bug in 'colfilter' functionality.  When performing a
    column deletion of the form -COLNAM*, and multiple matches
    existed, then none of the matches got deleted.  Now the
    first is deleted as expected.
    
  - Improved handling of corner case in ffpkn functions.

  - In ffgky, modified TULONG case to allow it to read unsigned
    values greater than the 8-byte signed limit.
    
  - Fix to parsing of corner case of extended file syntax.

  - Major updates to CMake configuration.
		   
Version 3.49 - Aug 2020

  - Fix to imcompress.c.  It now turns off quantization if ZSCALE
    and ZZERO columns are missing.  Treatment will be the same as
    if ZQUANTIZ were set to 'NONE', even if ZQUANTIZ is present
    and set to something else.

  - Added mutex to fits_execute_template() function so that the
    creation of files using ASCII templates will be thread safe.
    		   
  - In fpack when using -table flag, replaced warning message with a
    more detailed description mentioning FITS format update.
		   
  - Added flag to CMake builds to disable curl dependency.  Also
    only add CURL_LIBRARIES to CMake link target if curl is found.
		   
  - Minor adjustment to download progress output.
                   
Version 3.48 - Mar 2020

  - Now can handle parentheses in path names rather than automatically
    interpreting them as output file specifiers.  

  - Fixed bug in imcompress.c that wasn't properly handling conversion
    between float and double types when reading from a gzip compressed
    float or double image.
    
  - Fixed bug that was preventing use of bracket and parentheses symbols
    in pathnames when opening multiple READWRITE files, even when 
    requesting no-extended-syntax usage. *This fix necessitates a 
    library interface version number change.
    
  - Fixed bug in ffmnhd / fits_movnam_hdu to properly handle wildcard
    syntax.

  - Fixed bug in fits_open_extlist to handle filename[EXT] syntax
    properly.  The hdutype parameter may now be null.  More documentaion
    for this function is in cfitsio.tex.

  - Added new function fits_copy_hdutab to create a new table with the same
    structure as an existing table.

  - fits_copy_col / ffcpcl handles long long integer data types more
    natively to prevent precision loss.

  - histo.c routines now recognize integer columns that have been scaled by
    TSCALn keywords and may be closer to floating point type.
                   
  - Added backward compatibility for very old Rice compressed files which
    were not using the ZVAL2 keyword in the way that later became standard.

  - Change made to cfitsio.pc.in to prevent forcing downstream libraries
    to link against cfitsio's dependencies when using pkgconfig.

Version 3.47 - May 2019

  - Added set of drivers for performing ftps file transfers.

  - Tile sizes for compression may now be specified for any pair of
    axes, where previously 2D tiles where limited to just X and y.
    
  - Fix to ffgsky and ffgkls functions for case of keyword with long
    string values where the final CONTINUE statement ended with '&'.
    If the final CONTINUE also contained a comment, it was being 
    repeated twice when passed back through the 'comm' argument.
      
  - Fix made to ffedit_columns() for case of multiple col filters
    containing wildcards.  Only the first filter was being searched.
                     
  - fits_copy_rows (ffcprw) can now handle 'P'-type variable-length 
    columns.
    
  - Fix made to an obscure case in fits_modify_vector_len, where a 
    wrongly issued EOF error may occur.
                   
  - Added internal fffvcl() function.
                   
Version 3.46 - Oct 2018 (Ftools release)
                   
  - Improved the algorithm for ensuring no tile dimensions are smaller 
    than 4 pixels for HCOMPRESS compression.
                   
  - Added new functions intended to assist in diagnosing (primarily 
    https) download issues: fits_show_download_progress,
    fits_get_timeout, fits_set_timeout.

  - Added the '-O ' option to fpack, which previously existed only
    for funpack.  Also added fpack/funpack auto-removal of .bz2 suffix 
    equivalent to what existed for .gz.

  - For the fpack '-table' cases, warning message is now sent to stderr 
    instead of stdout.  This is to allow users to pipe the results from
    stdout in valid FITS format.  (The warning message is otherwise placed
    at the start of the FITS file and therefore corrupts it.)

  - Fix made to the '-P' file prefix option in funpack.

  - Added wildcard deletion syntax for columns, i.e. -COLNAM* will delete
    the first matching column as always; -COLNAM*+ will delete all matching
    columns (or none); exact symmetry with the keyword deletion syntax.

Version 3.45 - May 2018
                   
  - New support for reading and writing unsigned long long datatypes.
    This includes 'implicit datatype conversion' between the unsigned long
    long datatype and all the other datatypes.
    
  - Increased the hardcoded NMAXFILES setting for maximum number of
    open files from 1000 to 10000.
                   
  - Bug fix to fits_calc_binning wrapper function, which wasn't filling
    in the returned float variables.
    
  - Fixed a parsing bug for image subsection and column binning range
    specifiers that was introduced in v3.44.

Version 3.44 - April 2018

  - This release primarily patches security vulnerabilities.  We
    strongly encourage this upgrade, particularly for those running 
    CFITSIO in web accessible applications.
    
    In addition, the following enhancements and fixes were made: 

  - Enhancement to 'template' and 'colfilter' functionality.  It is now
    possible to delete multiple keywords using wildcard syntax. See
    "Column and Keyword Filtering Specification" section of manual for
    details.
  
  - histo.c uses double precision internally for all floating point
    binning; new double-precision subroutines fits_calc_binningd(),
    fits_rebin_wcsd(), and fits_make_histd(); existing
    single-precision histogram functions still work but convert values
    to double-precision internally.

  - new subroutine fits_copy_cols() / ffccls() to copy multiple columns
  
  - Fix in imcompress.c for HCOMPRESS and PLIO compression of unsigned
    short integers.
  
  - Fix to fits_insert_card(ffikey).  It had wrongly been capitalizing
    letters that appeared before an '=' sign on a CONTINUE line.
                   
Version 3.43 - March 2018
                   
The NASA security team requires the following warning to all users of 
CFITSIO:

   =====
   The CFITSIO open source software project contains vulnerabilities 
   that could allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to take control
   of a server running the CFITSIO software.  These vulnerabilities 
   affect all servers and products running the CFITSIO software.

   The CFITSIO team has released software updates to address these 
   vulnerabilities.  There are no workarounds to address these 
   vulnerabilities.  In all cases, the CFITSIO team is recommending an 
   immediate update to resolve the issues.
   =====

  - Fixed security vulnerabilities.   
 
  - Calls to https driver functions in cfileio.c need to be macro-
     protected by the HAVE_NET_SERVICES variable (as are the http and
     ftp driver function calls).  Otherwise CMake builds on native
     Windows will fail since drvrnet.o is left empty.
                   
   - Bug fix to ffmvec function.  Should be resetting a local colptr
     variable after making a call to ffiblk (which can reallocate Ftpr->
     tableptr).  Originally reported by Willem van Straten.
     
   - Ignore any attempted request to not quantize an image before
     compressing it if the image has integer datatype pixels.
     
   - Improved error message construction throughout CFITSIO.
                   
Version 3.42 - August 2017 (Stand-alone release)
                   
   - added https support to the collection of drivers handled in cfileio.c
     and drvrnet.c.  This also handles the case where http transfers are 
     rerouted to https.  Note that this enhancement introduces a dependency
     on the libcurl development package.  If this package is absent, CFITSIO
     will still build but will not have https capability.
                   
   - made fix to imcomp_init_table function in imcompress.c.  It now writes
     ZSIMPLE keyword only to a compressed image that will be placed in the
     primary header.
     
   - fix made to fits_get_col_display_width for case of a vector column
     of strings. 

Version 3.42 - March 2017 (Ftools release only)

   - in ftp_open_network and in ftp_file_exist, added code to repeatedly
     attempt to make a ftp connection if the ftp server does not respond
     to the first request. (some ftp servers don't appear to be 100% reliable).

   - in drvrnet.c added many calls to 'fclose' to close unneeded files,
     to avoid exceeding the maximum allowed number of files that can be 
     open at once.
     
   - made substantial changes to the ftp_checkfile and http_checkfile routines
     to streamline the process of checking for the existence of a .gz or .Z
     compressed version of the file before opening the uncompressed file
     (when using http or ftp to open the file). 

   - modified the code in ftp_open_network to send "\r\n" as end-of-line
     characters instead of just "\n".  Some ftp servers (in particular,
     at heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov) now require both characters, otherwise the
     network connection simply hangs.
     
   - modified the http_open_network routine to handle HTTP 301 or 302 redirects
     to a FTP url.  This is needed to support the new configuration on
     the heasarc HTTP server which sometimes redirects http URLS to a ftp URL.

Version 3.41 - November 2016

   - The change made in version 3.40 to include strings.h caused problems on
     Windows (and other) platforms, so this change was backed out. The reason
     for including it was to define the strcasecmp and strcasencmp functions, so
     as an alternative, new equivalent functions called fits_strcasecmp and
     fits_strncasecmp have been added to CFITSIO.as a substitute. All the
     previous calls to the str[n]casecmp functions have been changed to
     now call fits_str[n]casecmp. In addition, the previously defined 
     ngp_strcasecmp function (in grparser.c) has been removed and the calls to
     it have been changed to fits_strcasecmp.
     
   - The speed.c utility program was changed to correctly call 
     the gettimeofday function with a NULL second arguement. 

Version 3.40 - October 2016

   - fixed a bug when writing long string keywords with the CONTINUE convention
     which caused the CONTINUE'd strings to only be 16 characters long, instead
     of using up all the available space in the 80-character header record.

   - fixed a missing 'defined' keyword in fitsio.h.

   - replaced all calls to strtok (which is not threadsafe) with a new ffstrtok
     function which internally calls the threadsafe strtok_r function.  One 
     byproduct of this change is that  must also be included
     in several of the C source code files.

   - modified the ffphbn function in putkey.c to support TFORM specifiers that
     use lowercase 'p' (instead of uppercase) when referring to a variable-length
     array column.

   - modified the lexical parser in eval.y and eval_y.c to support bit array 
     columns (with TFORMn = 'X') with greater than 256 elements. Fix to bitcmp 
     function:  The internal 'stream' array is now
     allocated dynamically rather than statically fixed at size 256.
     This was failing when users attempted a row filtering of a bitcol
     that was wider than 256X. In bitlgte, bitand, and bitor functions, replaced 
     static stream[256] array allocation with dynamic allocation.  

   - modified the ffiter function in putcol.c to fix a problem which could
     cause the iterator function to incorrectly deal with null values.  This
     only affected TLONG type columns in cases where sizeof(long) = 8, as well
     as for TLONGLONG type columns.

   - Fix made to uncompress2mem function in zcomprss.c for case where output
     uncompressed file expands to over the 2^32 (4Gb) limit.  It now
     checks for this case at the start, and implements a 4Gb paging
     system through the output buffer.  The problem was specifically
     caused by the d_stream.avail_out member being of 4-byte type uInt,
     and thus unable to handle any memory position values above 4Gb. 

   - fixed a bug in fpackutil.c when using the -i2f (integer to float) option
     in fpack to compress an integer image that is scaled with non-default values
     for BSCALE and BZERO. This required an additional call to ffrhdu to reset
     the internal structures that describe the input FITS file.

   - modified fits_uncompress_table in imcompress.c to silently ignore the
     ZTILELEN keyword value if it larger than the number of rows in the table
     
   - Tweak strcasecmp/strncasecmp ifdefs to exclude 64-bit MINGW
     environment, as it does not lack those functions. (eval_l.c,
     fitsio2.h)

   - CMakeLists.txt: Set M_LIB to "" for MINGW build environment (in
     addition to MSVC).

   - Makefile.in: Add *.dSYM (non-XCode gcc leftovers on Macs) to
     clean list.  Install libs by name rather than using a wildcard.

   - configure: Fix rpath token usage for XCode vs. non-XCode gcc on Macs.


Version 3.39 - April 2016

   - added 2 new routines suggested by Eric Mandel:
      ffhisto3 is similar to ffhisto2, except that it does not close the
         original file.
      fits_open_extlist is similar to fits_open_data except that it opens
         the FITS file and then moves to the first extension in the user-input
	 list of 'interesting' extensions.

   - in ffpsvc and ffprec, it is necessary to treat CONTINUE, COMMENT, HISTORY,
     and blank name keywords as a special case which must be treated differently
     from other keywords because they have no value field and, by definition,
     have keyword names that are strictly limited in length.
     
   - added the Fortran wrapper routines for the 2 new string keyword reading
     routines (FTGSKY and FTGKSL), and documented all the routines in the
     FITSIO and CFITSIO users guides.

   - in ffinttyp, added explicit initialization of the input 'negative' 
     argument to 0.

   - added new routine to return the length of the keyword value string:
         fits_get_key_strlen / ffgksl.  
     This is primarily intended for use with string keywords
     that use the CONTINUE convention to continue the
     value over multiple header records, but this routine can be used
     to get the length of the value string for any type keyword.

   - added new routine to read string-valued keywords:
          fits_read_string_key / ffgsky
     This routine supports normal string keywords as well as long string
     keywords that use the CONTINUE convention. In many cases this routine
     may be more convenient to use then the older fits_read_key_longstr
     routine.

   - changed the prototype of fits_register_driver in fitsio2.h so that the
     pointer definition argument does not have the same name as the pointer
     itself (to work around a bug in the pgcc compiler).
     
   - added the missing FTDTDM fortran wrapper definition to f77_wrap3.c.
   
   - modified Makefile.in and configure.in to add LDFLAGS_BIN for task linker
     flages, which will be the same as LDFLAGS except on newer Mac OS X where
     an rpath flag is added.

   - modified Makefile.in to add a new "make utils" command which will build
     fpack, funpack, cookbook, fitscopy, imcopy, smem, speed, and testprog.
     These programs will be installed into $prfix/bin.

   - fixed a bug when attempting to modify the values in a variable-length
     bit ("X") column in a binary table.

   - reinstated the ability to write HIERARCH keywords that contain characters
     that would not be allowed in a normal 8-character keyword name, which had
     been disabled in the previous release.

Version 3.38 - February 2016

   - CRITICAL BUG FIX:
     The Intel 15 and 16 compilers (and potentially other compilers) may silently
     produce incorrect assembly code when compiling CFITSIO with the -O2 (or
     higher) optimization flag. In particular, this problem could cause  CFITSIO
     to incorrectly read the values of arrays of 32-bit integers in a  FITS file
     (i.e., images with BITPIX = 32 or table columns with TFORM = 'J')  when the
     array is being read into a 'long' integer array in cases where the long
     array elements are 8 bytes long. 

     One way to test if a particular system is affected by this problem is to
     compile CFITSIO V3.37 (or earlier) with optimization enabled, and then
     compare the output of the testprog.c program with the testprog.out file
     that is distributed with CFITSIO. If there are any  differences in the
     files, then this system might be affected by this bug. Further tests 
     should be performed to determine the exact cause.

     The root cause of this problem was traced to the fact that CFITSIO was
     aliasing an array of 32-bit integers and an array of 64-bit integers to the
     same memory location in order to obtain better data I/O efficiency when
     reading FITS files.  When CFITSIO modified the values in these arrays, it
     was essential that the processing be done in strict sequential order from
     one end of the array to the other end, as was implicit in the C code
     algorithm. In this case, however, the compiler adopted certain  loop
     optimization techniques that produced assembly code that violated  this
     assumption.  Technically, the CFITSIO code violates the "strict aliasing"
     assumption in ANSI C99, therefore the affected CFITSIO routines have been
     modified so that the aliasing of different data types to the same memory
     location no longer occurs.

   - fixed problem in configure and configure.in which caused the programs that
     are distributed with CFITSIO (most notably, fack and funpack) to be build
     without using any compiler optimization options, which could make them
     run more slowly than expected.

   - in imcompress.c, fixed bug where the rowspertile variable (declared as 'long')
     was mistakenly declared as a TLONGLONG variable in a call to fits_write_key.
     This could have caused the ZTILELEN keyword to be written incorrectly in
     the header of tile-compressed FITS tables on systems where sizeof(long) = 4.

   - in imcompress.c, implemented a new set of routines that safely convert
     shorter integer arrays into a longer integer arrays (e.g. short to int)
     where both arrays are aliased to the same memory location.  These
     special routines were needed to guard against certain compiler optimization
     techniques that could produce incorrect code.
 
   - modified the 4 FnNoise5_(type) routines in quantize.c to correctly 
     count the number of non-null pixels in the input array.  Previously the
     count could be inaccurate if the image mainly consisted of null pixels.
     This could have caused certain floating point image tiles to be 
     quantized during the image compression process, when in fact the tile
     did not satisfy all the criteria to be safely quantized.
     
   - in imcomp_copy_comp2img, added THEAP to the list of binary table 
     keywords that may be present in the header of a compressed image 
     and should not be copied to the uncompressed image header.
 
   - modified fits_copy_col to check that when copying a vector column, the
     vector length in the output column is the same as in the input column.
     Also modified the code to support the case where a column is being copied
     to an earlier position in the same table (which shifts the input column
     over 1 space).

   - added configure option (--with-bzip2) to support reading bzip2 compressed 
     FITS files.  This also required modifications to drvrmem.c and drvrfile.c
     This depends on having the bzlib library installed on the 
     local machine.  This patch was submitted by Dustin Lang.
     
   - replaced calls to 'memcpy' by 'memmove' in getcolb.c, getcold.c,
     getcole.c, and getcoli.c to support cases where the 2 memory areas 
     overlap. (submitted by Aurelien Jarno)

   - modified the FITS keyword reading and writing routines to potentially
     support keywords with names longer than 8-characters.  This was implemented
     in anticipation of a new experimental FITS convention which allows longer 
     keyword names.

   - in fits_quantize_double in quantize.c, test if iseed == N_RANDOM,
     to avoid the (unlikely) possibility of overflowing the random number
     array bounds. (The corresponding fits_quantize_float routine already
     performed this test).

   - in the FnNoise5_short routine in quantize.c, change the first 'if' 
     statement from "if (nx < 5)" to "if )nx < 9)", in order to support the
     (very rare) case where the tile is from 5 to 8 pixels wide.  Also make 
     the same change in the 3 other similar FnNoise5_* routines.

   - in the qtree_bitins64 routine in fits_hdecompress.c, must declare the
     plane_val variable as 'LONGLONG' instead of int.  This bug could have 
     caused integer overflow errors when uncompressing integer*4 images that
     had been compressed with the Hcompress algorithm, but only in cases
     where the image contains large regions of pixels whose values are close
     to the maximum integer*4 value of 2**31. 

   - in fits_hcompress.c, call the calloc function instead of malloc when
     allocating the signbits array, to eliminate the need to individually
     set each byte to zero.

   - in the ffinit routine, and in a couple other routines that call ffinit,
     initialize the *fptr input parameter to NULL, even if the input
     status parameter value is greater than zero.  This helps prevent
     errors later on if that fptr value is passed to ffclos.

   - modified ftcopy, in edithdu.c, to only abort if status > 0 rather
     than if status != 0. This had caused a problem in funpack in rare
     circumstances.

   - in imcompress.c changed all the calls to ffgdes to ffgdesll, to support
     compressed files greater than 2.1 GB in size.

   - fixed bug in ffeqtyll when it is called with 4th and 5th arguments 
     set to NULL.

   - in fitsio.h, added the standard C++ guard around the declaration of the
     function fits_read_wcstab.  (reported by Tammo Jan Dijkema, Astron.)

   - in fitsio.h, changed the prototype variable name "zero" to "zeroval" to
     avoid conflict in code that uses a literal definition of 'zero' to mean 0.

   - tweaked Makefile.in and configure.in to use LDFLAGS instead of CFLAGS 
     for linking, use Macros for library name, and let fpack and funpack 
     link with shared library.

   - modified an 'ifdef' statement in cfileio.c to test for '__GLIBC__'
     instead of 'linux' when initializing support for multi-threading.

   - modified ffeqtyll to return an effective column data type of TDOUBLE
     in the case of a 'K' (64-bit integer) column that has non-integer
     TSCALn or TZEROn keywords.
     
   - modified ffgcls (which returns the value in a column as a formatted string)
     so that when reading a 'K' (TLONGLONG) column it returns a long long integer
     value if the column is not scaled, but returns a double floating point
     value if the column has non-integer TSCALn or TZEROn values.

   - modified fitsio.h to correctly define "OFF_T long long" when using
     the Borland compiler

   - converted the 'end of line' characters in simplerng.c file to the unix
     style, instead of PC DOS.

   - updated CMakeLists.txt CMake build file which is primarily used to
     build CFITSIO on Windows machines.

   - modified fits_get_keyclass to recognize ZQUANTIZ and ZDITHER0 as
     TYP_CMPRS_KEY type keywords, i.e., keywords used in tile compressed
     image files.

   - added test to see if HAVE_UNISTD_H is defined, as a condition for 
     including unistd.h in drvrfile.c drvrnet.c, drvrsmem.c, and group.c.

   - modified the CMakelist.txt file to fix several issues (primarily for
     building CFITSIO on Windows machines)..

   - fixed bug when reading tile-compressed images that were compressed with
     the IRAF PLIO algorithm.  This bug did not affect fpack or funpack, but
     other software that reads the compressed image could be affected.  The 
     bug would cause the data values to be offset by 32768 from the actual 
     pixel values.

Version 3.37 - 3 June 2014

   - replaced the random Gaussian and Poissonian distribution functions with
     new code written by Craig Markwardt derived from public domain C++ functions 
     written by John D Cook.

   - patched fitsio2.h to support CFITSIO on AArch64 (64-bit ARM)
     architecture (both big and little endian).  Supplied by
     Marcin Juszkiewicz and Sergio Pascual Ramirez, with further update
     by Michel Normand.
     
   - fixed bug in fpackutil.c that caused fpack to exit prematurely if
     the FZALGOR directive keyword was present in the HDU header.

Version 3.36 - 6 December 2013

   - added 9 Dec: small change to the fileseek function in drvrfile.c to
     support large files > 2 GB when building CFITSIO with MinGW on Windows

   - reorganized the CFITSIO code directory structure; added a 'docs'
     subdirectory for all the documentation, and a 'zlib' directory
     for the zlib/gzip file compression code.

   - made major changes to the compression code for FITS binary table
     to support all types of columns, including variable-length arrays.
     This code is mainly used via the fpack and funpack programs.

   - increased the number of FITS files that can be opened as one
     time to 1000, as defined by NMAXFILES in fitsio2.h.

   - made small configuration changes to configure.in, configure,
     fitsio.h, and drvrfile.c to support large files (64-bit file 
     offsets} when using the mingw-w64 compiler (provided by 
     Benjamin Gilbert).

   - made small change to fits_delete_file to more completely ignore
     any non-zero input status value.

   - fixed a logic error in a 'if' test when parsing a keyword name
     in the ngp_keyword_is_write function in grparser.c (provided
     by David Binderman).

   - when specifying the image compression parameters as part of the
     compressed image file name (using the "[compress]" qualifier
     after the name of the file), the quantization level value, if
     specified, was not being recognized by the CFITSIO compression
     routines. The image would always be compressed with the default
     quantization level of 4.0, regardless of what was specified.  This
     affected the imcopy program, and potentially other user-generated
     application programs that used this method to specify the
     compression parameters.  This bug did not affect fpack or
     funpack.   This was fixed in the imcomp_get_compressed_image_par
     routine in the imcompress.c file. (reported by Sean Peters)

   - defined a new CFITS_API macro in fitsio.h which is used to export the
     public symbols when building CFITSIO on Windows systems with CMake. This
     works in conjunction with the new Windows CMake build procedure that
     is described in the README.win32 file. This complete revamping of the
     way CFITSIO is built under Windows now supports building 64-bit
     versions of the library.  Thanks to Daniel Kaneider (Luminance HDR
     Team) for providing these new  CMake build procedures.

   - modified the way that the low-level file_create routine works when
     running in the Hera environment to ensure that the FITS file that is 
     created is within the allow user data disk area.

   - modified fits_get_compression_type so that it does not return an error
     if the HDU is a normal FITS IMAGE extension, and is not a tile-compressed
     image.

   - modified the low-level ffgcl* and ffpcl* routines to ensure that they
     never try ro read or write more than 2**31 bytes from disk at one time,
     as might happen with very large images, to avoid integer overflow errors.
     Fix kindly provided by Fred Gutsche at NanoFocus AG (www.nanofocus.de).
     
   - modified Makefile.in so that doing 'make distclean' does not delete
     new config.sub and config.guess files that were recently added.

   - adopted a patch from Debian in zcompress.c to "define" the values of
     GZBUFSIZE and BUFFINCR, instead of exporting the symbols as 'int's.

Version 3.35 - 26 June 2013  (1st beta release was on 24 May)
		   
   - fixed problem with the default tile size when compressing images with
     fpack using the Hcompress algorithm.

   - fixed returned value ("status" instead of "*status") 

   - in imcompress.c, declared some arrays that are used to store the dimensions
     of the image from 'int' to 'long', to support very large images (at least
     on systems where sizeof(long) = 8),

   - modified the routines that convert a string value to a float or double
     to prevent them from returning a NaN or Inf value if the
     string is "NaN" or "Inf" (as can happen with gcc implementation of the
     strtod function).

   - removed/replaced the use of the assert() functions when locking or
     unlocking threads because they did not work correctly if NDEBUG is
     defined.

   - made modifications to the way the command-line file filters are parsed to
     1) remove the 1024-character limit when specifying a column filter,
     2) fixed a potential character buffer-overflow risk in fits_get_token, and
     3) improved the parsing logic to remove any possible of confusing
     2 slash characters ("//") in the string as the beginning of a 
     comment string.

   - modified configure and Makefile.in so that when building CFITSIO
     as a shared library on linux or Mac platforms, it will use the SONAME
     convention to indicate whether each new release of the CFITSIO
     library is binary-compatible with the previous version.  Application
     programs that link with the shared library will not need to be
     recompiled as long as the versions are compatible.  In practice,
     this means that the shared library binary file that is created (on
     Linux systems) will have a name like 'libcfitsio.so.I.J.K', where I is the
     SONAME version number, J is the major CFITSIO version number (e.g. 3),
     and K is the minor CFITSIO version number (e.g., 34).  Two link
     files will also be created such that
       libcfitsio.so -> libcfitsio.so.I, and
       libcfitsio.so.I -> libcfitsio.I.J.K
     Application programs will still run correctly with the new version of
     CFITSIO as long as the 'I' version number remains the same, but the
     applications will fail to run if the 'I' number changes, thus alerting
     the user that the application must be rebuilt.

   - fixed bug in fits_insert_col when computing the new table row width
     when inserting a '1Q' variable length array column.

  - modified the image compression routines so that the output compressed
     image (stored in a FITS binary table) uses the '1Q' variable length
     array format (instead of '1P') when the input file is larger than 4 GB.

   - added support for "compression directive" keywords which indicate how
     that HDU should be compressed (e.g., which compression algorithm to use,
     what tiling pattern to use, etc.).  The values of these keywords will
     override the compression parameters that were specified on the command 
     line when running the fpack FITS file compression program.

   - globally changed the variable and/or subroutine name "dither_offset" 
     to "dither_seed" and "quantize_dither" to "quantize_method" so
     that the names more accurately reflects their purpose.

   - added support for a new SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 method when compressing
     floating point images.  The only difference with the previous method
     is that pixels with a value exactly equal to 0.0 will not be dithered,
     and instead will be exactly preserved when the image is compressed.

   - added support for an alias of "RICE_ONE" for "RICE_1" as the value
     of the ZCMPTYPE keyword, which gives the name of the image compression
     algorithm.  This alias is used if the new SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 option
     is used, to prevent old versions of funpack from creating a corrupted
     uncompressed image file.  Only newer versions of funpack will recognize
     this alias and be able to uncompress the image. 
   
   - made performance improvement to fits_read_compressed_img so that 
     when reading a section of an compressed image that includes only 
     every nth pixel in some dimension, it will only uncompressed a tile 
     if there are actually any pixels of interest in that tile.

   - fixed several issues with the beta FITS binary table compression code
     that is used by fpack:  added support for zero-length vector columns,
     made improvements to the output report when using the -T option in fpack,
     changed the default table compression method to 'Rice' instead of 
     'Best', and now writes the 'ZTILELEN' keyword to document the number
     of table rows in each tile.

   - fixed error in ffbinit in calculating the total length of the binary
     table extension if the THEAP keyword was used to override the
     default starting location of the heap.

Version 3.34 - 20 March 2013

   - modified configure and configure.in to support cross-compiled cfitsio 
     as a static library for Windows on a Linux platform using MXE 
     (http://mxe.cc) - a build environment for mingw32. (contributed by 
     Niels Kristian Bech Jensen)

   - added conditional compilation statementsfor the mingw32 environment in 
     drvrfile.c because mingw32 does not include the ftello and fseeko functions. 
     (contributed by Niels Kristian Bech Jensen)

   - fixed a potential bug in ffcpcl (routine to copy a column from one table
     to another table) when dealing with the rare case of a '0X' column (zero
     length bit column).

   - fixed an issue in the routines that update or modify string-valued
     keyword values, as a result of the change to ffc2s in the previous 
     release.  These routines would exit with a 204 error status if the 
     current value of the keyword to be updated or modified is null.

   - fixed typo in the previous modification that was intended to ignore
     numerical overflows in Hcompress when decompressing an image.

   - moved the 'startcol' static variable out of the ffgcnn routine and
     instead added it as a member of the 'FITSfile' structure that is defined
     in fitsio.h.  This removes a possible race condition in ffgcnn in 
     multi-threaded environments.

Version 3.33 - 14 Feb 2013

   - modified the imcomp_decompress_tile routine to ignore any numerical 
     overflows that might occur when using Hcompress to decompress the
     image.  If Hcompress is used in its 'lossy' mode, the uncompressed
     image pixel values may slightly exceed the range of an integer*2 
     variable. This is generally of no consequence, so we can safely ignore
     any overflows in this case and just clip the values to the legal range.

   - the default tiling pattern when writing a tile-compressed image
     has been changed.  The old behavior was to compress the whole image
     as one single large tile.  This is often not optimal when dealing
     with large images, so the new default behavior is to treat each
     row of the image as one tile.  This is the same default behavior
     as in the standalone fpack program.  The default tile size can
     be overridden by calling fits_set_tile_dim.

   - fixed bug that resulted in a corrupted output FITS image when
     attempting to write a float or double array of values to a 
     tile-compressed integer data type image.  CFITSIO does not support
     implicit data type conversion in this case and now correctly
     returns an appropriate error status. 

   - modified ricecomp.c to define the nonzero_count lookup table as an 
     external variable, rather then dynamically allocating it within the
     3 routines that use it.  This simplifies the code and eliminates the
     need for special thread locking and unlocking statements. (Thanks to
     Lars Kr. Lundin for this suggestion). 

   - modified how the uncompressed size of a gzipped file is computed in the
     mem_compress_open routine in drvrmem.c.  Since gzip only uses 4 bytes
     in the compressed file header to store the original file size, one may
     need to apply a modulo 2^32 byte correction in some cases.  The logic
     here was modified to allow for corner cases (e.g., very small files, and 
     when running on 32-bit platforms that do not support files larger than
     2^31 bytes in size). 

   - added new public routine to construct a 80 keyword record from the 3 input
     component strings, i.e, the keyword name string, the value string, and
     the comment string: fits_make_key/ffmkky.  (This was already an undocumented
     internal routine in previous versions of CFITSIO).

   - modified ffc2s so that if the input keyword value string is a null string,
     then it will return a VALUE_UNDEFINED (204) status value.  This makes it
     consistent with the behavior when attempting to read a null keyword 
     (which has no value) as a logical or as a number (which also returns
     the 204 error).  This should only affect cases where the header keyword
     does not have an equal sign followed by a space character in columns 9
     and 10 of the header record.

   - Changed the "char *" parameter declarations to "const char *" in many 
     of the routines (mainly the routines that modify or update keywords) to
     avoid compiler warnings or errors from C++ programs that tend to be more
     rigorous about using "const char *" when appropriate.

   - added support for caching uncompressed image tiles, so that the tile does
     not need to be uncompressed again if the application program wants 
     to read more data from the same tile. This required changes to the
     main FITS file structure that is defined in fitsio.h, as well as
     changes to imcompress.c.

   - enhanced the previous modification to drvrfile.c to handle additional user
     cases when running in the HEASARC's Hera environment.

Version 3.32 - Oct 2012

   - fixed flaw in the way logical columns (TFORM = 'L') in binary tables 
     were read which caused an illegal value of 1 in the column to be interpreted
     as a 'T' (TRUE) value.

   - extended the column filtering syntax in the CFITSIO file name parser to
     enable users and scripts to append new COMMENT or HISTORY keyword into the
     header of the filtered file (provided by Craig Markwardt).  For example,
     fcopy "infile.fits[col #HISTORY='Processed on 2012-10-05']" outfile.fits
     will append this header keyword: "HISTORY Processed on 2012-10-05"

   - small change to the code that opens and reads an ASCII region file to
     return an error if the file is empty.

   - fixed obscure sign propagation error when attempting to read the
     uncompressed size of a gzipped FITS file.  This resulted in a memory
     allocation error if the gzipped file had an uncompressed file
     size between 2^31 and 2^32 bytes.  Fix supplied by Gudlaugur Johannesson 
     (Stanford).

Version 3.31 - 18 July 2012

   - enhanced the CFITSIO column filtering syntax to allow the comma, in addition
     to the semi-colon, to be used to separate clauses, for example:
     [col X,Y;Z = max(X,Y)].  This was done because users are not allowed to
     enter the semi-colon character in the on-line Hera data processing
     system due to computer security concerns.

   - enhanced the CFITSIO extended filename syntax to allow specifying image
     compression parameters (e.g. '[compress Rice]') when opening an existing
     FITS file with write access.  The specified compression parameters will
     be used by default if more images are appended to the existing file.

   - modified drvrfile.c to do additional file security checks when CFITSIO
     is running within the HEASARC's Hera software system.  In this case
     CFITSIO will not allow FITS files to be created outside of the user's
     individual Hera data directory area.

   - fixed an issue in fpack and funpack on Windows machines, caused by
     the fact that the 'rename' function behaves differently on Windows
     in that it does not clobber an existing file, as it does on Unix
     platforms.

   - fixed bug in the way byte-swapping was being performed when writing 
     integer*8 null values to an image or binary table column.  

   - added the missing macro definition for fffree to fitsio.h.

   - modified the low level table read and write functions in getcol*.c and 
     putcol*.c to remove the 32-bit limitation on the number of elements. 
     These routines now support reading and writing more than 2**31 elements
     at one time. Thanks to Keh-Cheng Chu (Stanford U.) for the patch.

   - modified Makefile.in so that the shared libcfitsio.so is linked against 
     pthreads and libm.

Version 3.30 - 11 April 2012

  Enhancements

   - Added new routine called fits_is_reentrant which returns 1 or 0 depending on
     whether or not CFITSIO was compiled with the -D_REENTRANT directive.  This can
     be used to determine if it is safe to use CFITSIO in multi-threaded programs.

   - Implemented much faster byte-swapping algorithms in swapproc.c based on code
     provided by Julian Taylor at ESO, Garching.  These routines significantly 
     improve the FITS image read and write speed (by more than a factor of 2 in 
     some cases) on little-endian machines (e.g., Linux and Microsoft Windows and
     Macs running on x86 CPUs) where byte-swapping is required when reading and 
     writing data in FITS files.  This has no effect on big-endian machines 
     (e.g. Motorola CPUs and some IBM systems).  Even faster byte-swapping
     performance can be achieved in some cases by invoking the new "--enable-sse2" 
     or "--enable-ssse3" configure options when building CFITSIO on machines that
     have CPUs and compilers that support the SSE2 and SSSE3 machine instructions.

   - added additional support for implicit data type conversion in cases where
     the floating point image has been losslessly compressed with gzip.  The
     pixels in these compressed images can now be read back as arrays of short, 
     int, and long integers as well as single and double precision floating-point.

   - modified fitsio2.h and f77_wrap.h to recognize IBM System z mainframes by
     testing if __s390x__ or __s390__ is defined.

   - small change to ffgcrd in getkey.c so that it supports reading a blank
     keyword (e.g., a keyword whose name simply contains 8 space characters).

   Bug Fixes

   - fixed a bug in imcomp_decompress_tile that caused the tile-compressed image 
     to be uncompressed incorrectly (even though the tile-compressed image itself
     was written correctly) under the following specific conditions:
      - the original FITS image has a "float" datatype (R*4) 
      - one or more of the image tiles cannot be compressed using the standard
        quantization method  and instead are losslessly compressed with gzip
      - the pixels in these tiles are not all equal to zero (this bug does
        affect tiles where all the pixels are equal to zero)
      - the program that is reading the compressed image uses CFITSIO's
        "implicit datatype conversion" feature to read the "float" image
        back into an array of "double" pixel values.
      If all these conditions are met, then the returned pixel values in the
      affected image tiles will be garbage, with values often ranging 
      up to 10**34.  Note that this bug does not affect the fpack/funpack
      programs, because funpack does not use CFITSIO's implicit datatype
      conversion feature when uncompressing the image.

Version 3.29 - 2 December 2011

  Enhancements

   - modified Makefile.in to allow configure to override the lib and include
     destination directories.
		   
   - added (or restored actually) support for tile compression of 1-byte integer 
     images in imcomp_compress_tile.  Support for that data type was overlooked
     during recent updates to this routine.

   - modified the fits_get_token command-line parsing routine to perform more
     rigorous checks to determine if the token can be interpreted as a number 
     or not.

   - made small modification to fpack.c to not allow the -i2f option (convert
     image from integer to floating point) with the "-g -q 0" option (do lossless 
     gzip compression).  It is more efficient to simply use the -g option alone.

   - made modifications to fitsio.h and drvrfile.c to support reading and
     writing large FITS files (> 2.1 GB) when building CFITSIO using 
     Microsoft Visual C++ on Windows platforms.

   - added new WCS routine (ffgicsa) which returns the WCS keyword values
     for a particular WCS version ('A' - 'Z').

   Bug Fixes

   - fixed a problem with multi-threaded apps that open/close FITS files
     simultaneously by putting mutex locks around the call to
     fits_already_open and in fits_clear_Fptr.

   - fixed a bug when using the 'regfilter' function to select a subset of the
     rows in a FITS table that have coordinates that lie within a specified
     spatial region on the sky.  This bug only affects the rarely used panda
     (and epanda and bpanda) region shapes in which the region is defined by
     the intersection of an annulus  and a pie-shaped wedge.  The previous code
     (starting with version 3.181 of CFITSIO where support for the panda region
     was first introduced) only worked correctly if the 2 angles that define
     the wedge have values between -180 and +180.  If not, then fewer rows than
     expected may have been selected from the table.

   - fixed the extended filename parser so that when creating a histogram by
     binning 2 table columns, if a keyword or column name is given as the
     weighting factor,  then the output histogram image will have a floating
     point datatype, not the default integer datatype as is the case when no
     weight is specified (e.g. with a filename like 
     "myfile.fits[bin x,y; weight_column]"

   - added fix to the code in imcompress.c to work around a problem with
     dereferencing the value of a pointer, in cases where the address of 
     that pointer has not been defined (e.g., the nulval variable).

    - modified the byte shuffling algorithm in fits_shuffle_8bytes to work
     around a strange bug in the proprietary SunStudioExpress C compiler
     under OpenSolaris.

   - removed spurious messages on the CFITSIO error stack when opening a
     FITS file with FTP (in drvrnet.c);

Version 3.28 - 12 May 2011

   - added an enhancement to the tiled-image compression method when compressing
     floating-point image using the standard (lossy) quantization method.  In 
     cases where an image tile cannot be quantized,  The floating-point pixel values
     will be losslessly compressed with gzip before writing them to the tile-
     compressed file.  Previously, the uncompressed pixel values would have
     been written to the file, which obviously requires more disk space. 

   - made significant internal changes to the structure of the tile compression
     and uncompression routines in imcompress.c to make them more modular and
     easier to maintain.

   - modified configure.in and configure to force it to build a Universal 
     binary on Mac OS X.

   - modified the ffiter function in putcol.c to properly clean up allocated
     memory if an error occurs.
     
   - in quantize.c, when searching for the min and max values in a float array,
     initialize the max value to -FLT_MAX instead of FLT_MIN (and similarly
     for double array). 

Version 3.27 - 3 March 2011

  Enhancements

    - added new routines fits_read_str and fits_delete_str which read or
      delete, respectively, a header keyword record that contains a specified 
      character string.

    - added a new routine called fits_free_memory which frees the memory
      that fits_read_key_longstr allocated for the long string keyword value.

    - enhanced the ffmkky routine in fitscore.c to not put a space before the
      equals sign when writing long string-valued keywords using the ESO
      HIERARCH keyword convention, if that extra character is needed to
      fit the length of the keyword name + value string within the 80-character
      FITS keyword record.

    - made small change to fits_translate_keyword to support translation of
      blank keywords (where the name = 8 blank characters)

    - modified fpack so that it uses the minimum of the 2nd, 3rd, and 5th order
      MAD noise values when quantizing and compressing a floating point image.
      This is more conservative than just using the 3rd order MAD value alone.

    - added new routine imcomp_copy_prime2img to imcompress.c that is used by
      funpack to copy any keywords that may have been added to the primary
      array of the compressed image file (a null image) back into the header of 
      the uncompressed image.

    - enhanced the fits_quantize_float and fits_quantize_double routines in
      quantize.c to also compress the tile if it is completely filled with
      null values.  Previously, this type of tile would have been written 
      to the output compressed image without any compression.

    - enhanced imcomp_decompress_tile to support implicit datatype conversion
      when reading a losslessly compressed (with gzip) real*4 image into an
      array of real*8 values.  

    - in imcompress.c, removed possible attempt to free memory that had not 
      been allocated.


Version 3.26 - 30 December 2010

  Enhancements

   - defined 2 new macros in fitsio.h:  
       #define CFITSIO_MAJOR 3
       #define CFITSIO_MINOR 26
     These may be used within other macros to detect the CFITSIO
     version number at compile time.
     
   - modified group.c to initialize the output URL to a null string in 
     fits_url2relurl.  Also added more robust tests to see if 2 file
     pointers point to the same file.

   - enhanced the template keyword parsing code in grparser.c to support
     the 'D' exponent character in the ASCII representation of floating
     point keyword values (as in TVAL = 1.23D03).  Previously, the parser
     would have written this keyword with a string value (TVAL = '1.23D03').

   - modified the low-level routines that write a keyword record to a FITS 
     header so that they silently replace any illegal characters (ASCII 
     values less than 32 or greater than 126) with an ASCII space character.
     Previously, these routines would have returned with an error when
     encountering these illegal characters in the keyword record (most commonly 
     tab, carriage return, and line feed characters).

   - made substantial internal changes to imcompress.c in preparation for
     possible future support for compression methods for FITS tables analogous
     to the tiled image compression method.

   - replaced all the source code in CFITSIO that was distributed under the
     GNU General Public License with freely available code.  In particular,
     the  gzip file compression and uncompression code was replaced by the
     zlib compression library.  Thus, beginning with this version 3.26 of CFITSIO,
     other software applications may freely use CFITSIO without necessarily
     incurring any GNU licensing requirement.  See the License.txt file for
     the CFITSIO licensing requirements.

   - added support for using cfitsio in different 'locales' which use a
     comma, not a period, as the decimal point character in ASCII 
     representation of a floating point number (e.g., France).  This
     affects how floating point keyword values and floating point numbers
     in ASCII tables are read and written with the 'printf' and 'strtod'
     functions.

   - added a new utility routine called fits_copy_rows/ffcprw that copies
     a specified range of rows from one table to another.

   - enhanced the test for illegal ASCII characters in a header (fftrec) to
     print out the name of the offending character (e.g TAB or Line Feed) as
     well as the Hex value of the character.
     
   - modified ffgtbc (in fitscore.c) to support nonstandard vector variable
     length array columns in binary tables (e.g. with TFORMn = 2000PE(500)').
     
   - modified the configure file to add "-lm" when linking CFITSIO on
     Solaris machines.
     
   - added new routine, fits_get_inttype, to parse an integer keyword value
     string and return the minimum integer datatype (TBYTE, TSHORT, TLONG, 
     TLONGLONG) required to store the integer value.

   - added new routine, fits_convert_hdr2str, which is similar to fits_hdr2str
     except that if the input HDU is a tile compressed image (stored 
     in a binary table) then it will first convert that header back to 
     that of a normal uncompressed FITS image before concatenating the header
     keyword records.

   - modified the file template reading routine (ngp_line_from_file in 
     grparser.c) so that it ignores any carriage return characters (\r)
     in the line, that might be present, e.g. if the file was created on a 
     Windows machine that uses \r\n as end of line characters.

   - modified the ffoptplt routine in cfileio.c to check if the PCOUNT
     keyword in the template file has a non-zero value, and if so, resets
     it to zero in the newly created file.

   Bug Fixes
   
   - fixed a bug when uncompressing floating-point images that contain Nan
     values on some 64-bit platforms.
     
   - fixed a bug when updating the value of the CRPIXn world coordinate 
     system keywords when extracting a subimage from larger FITS image, using the
     extended CFITSIO syntax (e.g.  myimage[1:500:2, 1:500:2]).  This bug only 
     affects cases where the pixel increment value is not equal to 1, and caused
     the coordinate grid to be shifted by between 0.25 pixels (in the case of
     a pixel increment of 2) and 0.5 pixels (for large pixel increment values).

   - fixed a potential string buffer overflow error in the ffmkls routine
     that modifies the value and comment strings in a keyword that uses
     the HEASARC long string keyword convention. 

   - fixed a bug in imcompress.c that could cause programs to abort on 64-bit 
     machines when using gzip to tile-compress images.  Changed the declaration
     of clen in imcomp_compress_tile from int to size_t.

Version 3.25 - 9 June 2010

   - fixed bug that was introduced in version 3.13 that broke the ability
     to reverse an image section along the y-axis with an image section
     specifier like this: myimage.fits[*,-*].  This bug caused the output
     image to be filled with zeros.

   - fixed typo in the definition of the ftgprh Fortran wrapper routine
     in f77_wrap3.c.

   - modified the cfitsio.pc.in configuration file to make the lib path
     a variable instead of hard coding the path.   The provides more
     flexibility for projects such as suse and fedora when building CFITSIO.

   - fixed bug in imcomp_compress_tile in imcompress.c which caused
     null pixel values to be written incorrectly in the rare case where 
     the floating-point tile of pixels could not be quantized into integers.

   - modified imcompress.c to add a new specialized routine to uncompress
     an input image and then write it to a output image on a tile by tile basis.
     This appears to be faster than the old method of uncompressing the
     whole image into memory before writing it out.  It also supports
     large images with more than 2**31 pixels.

   - made trivial changes to 2 statements in drvrfile.c to suppress 
     nuisance compiler warnings.

   - some compilers define CLOCKS_PER_SEC as a double instead of an integer,
     so added an explicit integer type conversion to 2 statements in
     imcompress.c that used this macro.
     
   - removed debugging printf statements in drvrnet.c (15 July)

Version 3.24 - 26 January 2010

   - modified fits_translate_keywords so that it silently ignores any
     illegal ASCII characters in the value or comment fields of the input
     FITS file. Otherwise, fpack would abort without compressing input
     files that contained this minor violation of the FITS rules.

   - added support for Super H cpu in fitsio2.h
   
   - updated funpack to correctly handle the -S option, and to use a
     more robust algorithm for creating temporary output files.
   
   - modified the imcomp_compress_tile routine to support the NOCOMPRESS
     debugging option for real*4 images.

Version 3.23 - 7 January 2010

   - reduced the default value for the floating point image quantization
     parameter (q) from 16 to 4.  This parameter is used when tile compressing
     floating point images.  This change will increase the average compression
     ratio for floating point images from about 4.6 to about 6.5 without losing 
     any significant information in the image.
     
   - enhanced the template keyword parsing routine to reject a header
     template string that only contains a sequence of dashes.

   - enhanced the ASCII region file reading routine to allow tabs as well
     as spaces between fields in the file.

   - got rid of bogus error message when calling fits_update_key_longstr

   - Made the error message more explicit when CFITSIO tries to write
     to a GZIP compressed file.  Instead of just stating "cannot write
     to a READONLY file", it will say "cannot write to a GZIP compressed
     file".

Version 3.22 - 28 October 2009

   - added an option (in imcompress.c) to losslessly compress floating
     point images, rather than using the default integer scaling method.
     This option is almost never useful in practice for astronomical 
     images (because the amount of compression is so poor), but it has 
     been added for test comparison purposes.

   - enhanced the dithering option when quantizing and compressing
     floating point images so that a random dithering starting point
     is used, so that the same dithering pattern does not get used for
     every image.

   - modified the architecture setup section of fitsio2.h to support the
     64-core 8x8-architecture Tile64 platform (thanks to Ken Mighell, NOAO)

   Fixes

   - fixed a problem that was introduced in version 3.13 of CFITSIO
     in cases where a program writes it own END keyword to the header
     instead of letting CFITSIO do it, as is strongly recommended.  In
     one case this caused CFITSIO to rewrite the END keyword and any
     blank fill keywords in the header many times, causing a 
     noticeable slow-down in the FITS file writing speed.

Version 3.21 - 24 September 2009

   - fixed bug in cfileio.c  that caused CFITSIO to crash with a bus error
     on Mac OS X if CFITSIO was compiled with multi-threaded support (with
     the  --enable-reentrant configure option). The Mac requires an
     additional thread initialization step that is not required on Linux
     machines.  Even with this fix, occasional bus errors have been seen on
     some Mac platforms, The bus errors are seen when running the
     thread_test.c program.  The bus errors are very intermittent, and occur
     less than about 1% of the time, on the affected platforms. 
     These bus errors have not been seen on Linux platforms. 

   - fixed invalid C comment delimiter ("//*" should have been "/*")
     in imcompress.c.

   - Increased the CFITSIO version number string length
     in fpackutil.c, to fix problem on some platforms when running
     fpack -V or funpack -V.   Also modified the output format of the
     fpack -L command.

Version 3.20 - 31 August 2009

   - modified configure.in and configure so that it will build the Fortran
     interface routines by default, even if no Fortran compiler is found
     in the user's path. Building the interface routines may be disabled 
     by specifying FC="none".  This was done at the request of users who
     obtained CFITSIO from some other standard linux distributions, where
     CFITSIO was apparently built in an environment that had no Fortran 
     compiler and hence did not build the Fortran wrappers.

   - modified ffchdu (close HDU) so that it calls the routine to update
     the maximum length of variable length table columns in the TFORM
     values in all cases  where the values may have changed.  Previously
     it would not update the values if a value was already specified in
     the TFORM value.

   - added 2 new string manipulation functions to the CFITSIO parser 
     (contributed by Craig Markwardt): strmid extracts a substring
     from a string, and strstr searches for a substring within a string.

   - removed the code in quantize.c that treated "floating-point integer" 
     images as a special case (it would just do a datatype conversion from
     float to int, and not otherwise quantize the pixel values).  This 
     caused complications with the new subtractive dithering feature.

   - enhanced the code for converting floating point images to quantized
     scaled integer prior to tile-compressing them, to apply a random
     subtractive dithering, which improves the photometric accuracy
     of the compressed images.
   
   - added new internal routine, iraf_delete_file, for use by fpack to
     delete a pair of IRAF format header and pixel files.

   - small change in cfileio.c in the way it recognizes an IRAF format
     .imh file.  Instead of just requiring that the filename contain the
     ".imh" string, that string must occur at the end of the file name.

   - fixed bug in the code that is used when tile-compressing real*4 FITS 
     images, which quantizes the floating point pixel values into
     integer levels.  The bug would only appear in the fairly rare
     circumstance of tile compressing a floating point image that contains
     null pixels (NaNs) and only when using the lossy Hcompress algorithm
     (with the s parameter not equal to 1).  This could cause underflow of
     low valued pixels, causing them to appear as very large pixel values
     (e.g., > 10**30)  in the compressed image

   - changed the "if defined" blocks in fitsio.h, fitsio2.h and f77_wrap.h
     to correctly set the length of long variables on sparc64 machines.
     Patch contributed by Matthew Truch (U. Penn).

   - modified the HTTP file access code in drvrnet.c to support basic
     HTTP authentication, where the user supplies a user name and
     password.  The CFITSIO filename format in this case is:
     "http://username:password@hostname/..."
     Thanks to Jochen Liske (ESO) for the suggestion and the code.

Version 3.181 (BETA) - 12 May 2009

   - modified region.c and region.h to add support for additional
     types of region shapes that are supported by ds9: panda, epanda,
     and bpanda.

   - fixed compiler error when using the new _REENTRANT flag, having to 
     do with the an attempted static definition of Fitsio_Lock in 
     several source files, after declaring it to be non-static in fitsio2.h.
    
Version 3.18 (BETA) - 10 April 2009

   - Made extensive changes to make CFITSIO thread safe.  Previously,
     all opened FITS files shared a common pool of memory to store
     the most recently read or written FITS records in the files.
     In a multi-threaded environment different threads could 
     simultaneously read or write to this common area causing
     unpredictable results. This was changed so that every opened
     FITS file has its own private memory area for buffering the
     file. Most of the changes were in buffers.c, fitsio.h, and
     fitsio2.h. Additional changes were made to cfileio.c, mainly
     to put locks around small sections of code when setting up the
     low-level drivers to read or write the FITS file.  Also, locks
     were needed around the GZIP compression and uncompression code
     in compress.c.,  the error message stack access routine in
     fitscore.c, the encode and decode routines in fits_hcompress.c
     and  fits_hdecompress.c, in ricecomp.c,  and  the table row
     selection and table calculator functions. Also, removed the
     'static' declaration of the local variables in pliocomp.c
     which did not appeared to be required and prevented the
     routines from being thread safe.

     As a consequence of having a separate memory buffer for every
     FITS file (by default, about 115 kB per file), CFITSIO may now
     allocate more memory than previously when an application
     program opens multiple FITS files at once.  The read and write
     speed may also be slightly faster, since the buffers are not
     shared between files.

   - Added new families of Fortran wrapper routines to read and
     write values to large tables that have more than 2**31 rows. 
     The arguments that define the first row and first element to
     read or write must be I*8 integers, not ordinary I*4
     integers.  The names of these new routines have 'LL' appended
     to them, so for example, ftgcvb becomes ftgcvbll.

   Fixes
   
   - Corrected an obscure bug in imcompress.c that would have incorrectly 
     written the null values only in the rare case of writing a signed 
     byte array that is then tile compressed using the Hcompress or PLIO
     algorithm.

Version 3.14 - 18 March 2009

  Enhancements

   - modified the tiled-image compression and uncompression code to
     support compressing unsigned 16-bit integer images with PLIO.
     FITS unsigned integer arrays are offset by -32768, but the PLIO
     algorithm does not work with negative integer values.  In this
     case, an offset of 32768 is added to the array before compression,
     and then subtracted again when reading the compressed array.
     IMPORTANT NOTE:  This change is not backward compatible, so
     these PLIO compressed unsigned 16-bit integer images will not be
     read correctly by previous versions of CFITSIO; the pixel values
     will have an offset of +32768.

   - minor changes to the fpack utility to print out more complete
     version information with the -V option, and format the report
     produced by the -T option more compactly.

  Fixes
  
   - Modified imcomp_compress_image (which is called by fpack) so that
     it will preserve any null values (NaNs) if the input image has
     a floating point datatype (BITPIX = -32 or -64).  Null values in
     integer datatype images are handled correctly.

   - Modified imcomp_copy_comp2img so that it does not copy the
     ZBLANK keyword, if present, from the compressed image header
     when uncompressing the image.
     
   - Fixed typo in the Fortran wrapper macro for the ftexist function.

Version 3.13 -  5 January 2009

  Enhancements

   - updated the typedef of LONGLONG in fitsio.h and cfortran.h to
     support the Borland compiler which uses the  __int64 data type.
     
   - added new feature to the extended filename syntax so that when
     performing a filtering operation on specified HDU, if you add
     a '#' character after the name or number of the HDU, then ONLY
     that HDU (and the primary array if the HDU is a table) will be
     copied into the filtered version of the file in memory.  Otherwise,
     by default CFITSIO copies all the HDUs from the input file into
     memory.
     
   - when specifying a section, if the specified number of dimensions
     is less than the number of dimensions in the image, then CFITSIO
     will use the entire dimension, as if a '*' had been specified.
     Thus [1:100] is equivalent to [1:100,*] when specifying a section
     of 2 dimensional image.

   - modified fits_copy_image_section to read/write the section 1 row
     at a time, instead of the whole section, to reduce memory usage.

   - added new stream:// drivers for reading/writing to stdin/stdout.
     This driver is somewhat fragile, but for simple FITS read and
     write operations this driver streams the FITS file on stdin
     or stdout without first copying the entire file in memory, as is
     done when specifying the file name as "-".
   
   - slight modification to ffcopy to make sure that the END keyword
     is correctly written before copying the data.  This is required
     by the new stream driver.
     
   - modified ffgcprll, so that when writing data to an HDU, it first
     checks that the END keyword has been written to the correct place.
     This is required by the new stream driver.

  Fixes
   
   - fixed bug in ffgcls2 when reading an ASCII string column in binary
     tables in cases where the width of the column is greater than 2880 
     characters and when reading more than 1 row at a time.  Similar 
     change was made to ffpcls to fix same problem with writing to 
     columns wider than 2880 characters.
     
   - updated the source files listed in makepc.bat so that it can be
     used to build CFITSIO with the Borland C++ compiler.
     
   - fixed overflow error in ffiblk that could cause writing to Large Files
     (> 2.1 GB) to fail with an error status.
      
   - fixed a bug in the spatial region code (region.c) with the annulus 
     region.   This bug only affected specialized applications which
     directly use the internal region structure; it does not affect
     any CFITSIO functions directly.

   - fixed memory corruption bug in region.c that was triggered if the
     region file contained a large number of excluded regions.

   - got rid of a harmless error message that would appear if filtering
     a FITS table with a GTI file that has zero rows. (eval_f.c)

   - modified fits_read_rgnfile so that it removes the error messages
     from the error stack if it is unable to open the region file as
     a FITS file. (region.c)
     
Version 3.12 - 8 October 2008

   - modified the histogramming code so that the first pixel in the binned
     array is chosen as the reference pixel by default, if no other
     value is previously defined.

   - modified ffitab and ffibin to allow a null pointer to the 
     EXTNAME string, when inserting a table with no name.

Version 3.11 - 19 September 2008

   - optimized the code when tile compressing real*4 images (which get
     scaled to integers).  This produced a modest speed increase.  For 
     best performance, one must specify the absolute q quantization 
     parameter, rather than relative to the noise in the tile (which
     is expensive to compute).

   - modified the FITS region file reading code to check for NaN values,
     which signify the end of the array of points in a polygon region.

   - removed the test for LONGSIZE == 64 from fitsio.h, since it may 
     not be defined.

   - modified imcompress.c to support unconventional floating point FITS 
     images that also have BSCALE and BZERO keywords.  The compressed
     floating point images are linearly scaled twice in this case.

Version 3.10 - 20 August 2008

   - fixed a number of cases, mainly dealing with long input file names
     (> 1024 char), where unsafe usage of strcat and strcpy could have caused
     buffer overflows.  These buffer overflows could cause the application
     to crash, and at least theoretically, could be exploited by a
     malicious user to execute arbitrary code.  There are no known instances
     of this type of malicious attack on CFITSIO applications, and the
     likelihood of such an attack seems remote.  None the less, it would
     be prudent for CFITSIO users to upgrade to this new version to guard
     against this possibility.

   - modified some of the routines to define input character string
     parameters as "const char *" rather than just "char *" to eliminate
     some compiler warnings when the calling routine passes a constant
     string to the CFITSIO routine.  Most of the changes were to the
     keyword name argument in the many routines that read or write keywords.

   - fixed bug when tile-compressing a FITS image which caused all the 
     completely blank keywords in the input header to be deleted from 
     the output compressed image.  Also added a feature to preserve any
     empty FITS blocks in the header (reserved space for future keywords)
     when compressing or uncompressing an image.

   - fixed small bug in the way the default tile size is set in imcompress.c.
     (Fix sent in by Paul Price).

   - added support for reading FITS format region files (in addition
     to the ASCII format that was previously supported).  Thanks to
     Keith Arnaud for modifying region.c to do this.

Version 3.09 - 12 June 2008

   - fixed bug in the calculator function, parse_data, that evaluates 
     expressions then selecting rows or modifying values in table columns.
     This bug only appeared in unusual circumstances
     where the calculated value has a null value (= TNULLn).  The bug
     could cause elements to not be flagged as having a null value, or
     in rare cases could cause valid elements to be flagged as null. This
     only appears to have affected 64-bit platforms (where size(long) = 8).
   
   - fixed typo in imcomp_decompress_tile: call to fffi2r8 should have 
     been to fffi4r8.
     
   - in the imcopy_copy_comp2img routine, moved the call to 
     fits_translate_keywords outside of the 'if' statement.  This could 
     affect reading compressed images that did not have a EXTNAME keyword
     in the header.
     
   - fixed imcomp_compress_tile in imcompress.c to properly support
     writing unsigned integers, in place, to tile compressed images.

   - modified fits_read_compressed_img so that if the calling routine
     specifies nullval = 0, then it will not check for null-valued
     pixels in the compressed FITS image.  This mimics the same
     behavior when reading normal uncompressed FITS images.

Version 3.08 - 15 April 2008 

   - fixed backwards compatibility issue when uncompressing a Rice
     compressed image that was created with previous versions of 
     CFITSIO (this late fix was added on May 18).

   - small change to cfortran.h to add "extern" to the common block 
     definition.  This was done for compatibility with the version
     of cfortran.h that is distributed by the Debian project.
   
   - relaxed the requirement that a string valued keyword must have a
     closing quote character.  If the quote is missing, CFITSIO will silently
     append a quote at the end of the keyword record.  This change was made
     because otherwise it is very difficult to correct the keyword
     because CFITSIO would exit with an error before making the fix.
   
   - added a new BYTEPIX compression parameter when tile-compressing 
     images with the Rice algorithm.

   - cached the NAXIS and NAXISn keyword values in the fitsio structure
     for efficiency, to eliminate duplicates reads of these keywords.
   
   - added variants of the Rice compression and uncompression routines to
     support short int images (in addition to the routines that support int).

   - moved the definition of LONGLONG_MIN and LONGLONG_MAX from fitsio2.h
     to fitsio.h, to make it accessible to application programs.

   - make efficiency improvements to fitscore.c, to avoid needless searches
     through the entire header when reading the required keywords that must
     be near the beginning of the header.
     
   - made several improvements to getcol.c to optimize reading of compressed
     and uncompressed images.

   - changed the compression level in the gzip code from 6 to 1.  In most
     cases this will provide nearly the same amount of compression, but is
     significantly faster in some cases.
	   
   - added new "helper routines' to imcompress.c to allow applications to
     specified the "quantize level" and Hcompress scaling and smoothing 
     parameters

   - modified the extended filename syntax to support the "quantize level"
     and Hcompress scaling and smoothing parameters.  The parser in 
     cfileio.c was extensively modified.

   - extensive changes to quantize.c:
       - replace the "nbits" parameter with "quantize level"
       - the quantize level is now relative to the RMS noise in the image
       - the HCOMPRESS scale factor is now relative to the RMS noise
       - added routines to calculate RMS noise in image 
      (these changes require a change to the main file structure in fitsio.h)

   - initialize errno = 0 before the call to strtol in ffext, in case errno
     has previously been set by an unrelated error condition.

   - added the corresponding long name for the ffgkyjj routine to longnam.h.		   

   - changed imcomp_copy_comp2img (in imcompress.c) to not require the
     presence of the EXTNAME keyword in the input compressed image header.

   - modified imcompress.c to only write the UNCOMPRESSED_DATA column
     in tile-compressed images if it is actually needed.  This eliminates
     the need to subsequently delete the column if it is not used 
     (which is almost always the case).

   - found that it is necessary to seek to the EOF of a file after 
     truncating the size of the file, to reestablish a definite
     current location in the file.  The required small changes to 3
     routines: file_truncate (to seek to EOF) and fftrun (to set io_pos) 
     and the truncation routine in drvrmem.c.

   - improved the efficiency when compressing integer images with
     gzip.  Previously, the image was always represented using integer*4
     pixels, which were then compressed.  Now, if the range of pixel
     values can be represented with integer*2 pixels or integer*1 pixels, 
     then that is used.  This change is backward compatible with any 
     compressed images that used the previous method.

   - changed the default tiling pattern when using Hcompress from 
     large squares (200 to 600 pixels wide) to 16 rows of the image.
     This generally requires less memory, compresses faster, and is more
     consistent with the default row by row tiling when using the other
     compression methods.

   - modified imcomp_init_table in imcompress.c to enforce a restriction
     when using the Hcompress algorithm that the 1st 2 dimensions of sll
     image tiles must be at least 4 pixels long.  Hcompress becomes very
     inefficient for smaller dimensions, and does not work at all with
     1D images.
     
   - fixed bug in the Hcompress compression algorithm that could affect
     compression of I*4 images, using non-square compression tiles
     (in the encode64 routine).

Version 3.07 - 6 December 2007  (internal release)

   - fixed bug with the PLIO image compression routine which silently
     produced a corrupted compressed image if the uncompressed image pixels
     were not all in the range 0 to 2**24.  (fixed in November)
     
   - fixed several 'for' loops in imcompress.c which were exceeding the
     bounds of an array by 1.  (fixed in November)

   - fixed a possible, but unlikely, memory overflow issue in iraffits.c.
   
   - added a clarification to the cfortran.doc file that cfortran.h
     may be used and distributed under the terms of the GNU Library
     General Public License.
   
   - fixed bug in the fits_modify_vector_len routine when modifying
     the vector length of a 'X' bit column.
	   
Version 3.06 - 27 August 2007  

   - modified the imcopy.c utility program (to tile-compress images)
     so that it writes the default EXTNAME = 'COMPRESSED_IMAGE'
     keyword in the compressed images, to preserve the behavior of
     earlier versions of imcopy.

   - modified the angsep function in the FITS calculator (in eval.y)
     to use haversines, instead of the 'law of cosines', to provide
     more precision at small angles (< 0.1 arcsec).

Version 3.05 -  July 2007 (internal release only)

   - extensive changes to imcompress.c to fully support implicit data
     type conversion when reading and writing arrays of data to FITS
     images, where the data type of the array is not the same as the
     data type of the FITS image.  This includes support for null pixels,
     and data scaling via the BSCALE and BZERO keywords.

   - rewrote the fits_read_tbl_coord routine in wcssub.c, that gets the 
     standard set of WCS keywords appropriate to a pair of columns in a
     table, to better support the full set of officially approved WCS keywords.  
     
   - made significant changes to histo.c, which creates an image by binning
     columns of a table, to better translate the WCS keywords in the table
     header into the WCS keywords that are appropriate for an image HDU.

   - modified imcompress.c so that when pixels are written to a 
     tile-compressed image, the appropriate BSCALE and BZERO values of
     that image are applied.  This fixes a bug in which writing to
     an unsigned integer datatype image (with BZERO = 32768) was not
     done correctly.
     
Version 3.04 - 3 April 2007

   - The various table calculator routines (fits_select_rows, etc.) implicitly
     assumed that the input table has not been modified immediately prior to
     the call.   To cover cases where the table has been modified a call to 
     ffrdef has been added to ffprs.  IN UNUSUAL CASES THIS CHANGE COULD 
     CAUSE CFITSIO TO BEHAVE DIFFERENTLY THAN IN PREVIOUS VERSIONS.  For
     example, opening a FITS table with this column-editing virtual file
     expression:
         myfile.fits[3][col A==X; B = sqrt(X)]
     no longer works, because the X column does not exist when the 
     sqrt expression is evaluated.  The correct expression in this case is
         myfile.fits[3][col A==X; B = sqrt(A)]
     
   - modified putkey.c to support USHORT_IMG when calling fits_create_img
     to create a signed byte datatype image.
     
   - enhanced the column histogramming function to propagate any TCn_k and
     TPn_k keywords in the table header to the corresponding CDi_j and PCi_j 
     keywords in the image header.
     
   - enhanced the random, randomn, and randomp functions in the lexical
     parser to take a vector column name argument to specify the length
     of the vector of random numbers that should be generated (provided by
     Craig Markwardt, GSFC)

   - enhanced the ffmcrd routine (to modify an existing header card) to
     support long string keywords so that any CONTINUE keywords associated
     with the previous keyword will be deleted.

   - modified the ffgtbp routine to recognize the TDIMn keyword for 
     ASCII string columns in a binary table.  The first dimension is
     taken to be the size of a unit string.   (The TFORMn = 'rAw'
     syntax may also be used to specify the unit string size).
     
   - in fits_img_decompress, the fits_get_img_param function was called
     with an invalid dimension size, which caused a fatal error on at
     least 1 platform.

   - in ffopentest, set the status value before returning in case of error.
   
   - in the drvrnet.c file, the string terminators needed to be changed
     from "\n" to "\r\n" to support the strict interpretation of the
     http and ftp standard that is enforced by some newer web servers.

Version 3.03 - 11 December 2006

  New Routine
  
  - fits_write_hdu writes the current HDU to a FILE stream (e.g. stdout).
  
  Changes
  
  - modified the region parsing code to support region files where the
    keyword "physical" is on a separate line preceding the region shape
    token. (However, "physical" coordinates are not fully supported, and
    are treated identically to "image" coordinates).
    
  - enhanced the iterator routines to support calculations on 64-bit
    integer columns and images.  Currently, the values are cast to
    double precision when doing the calculations, which can cause a
    loss of precision for integer values greater than about 2**52.

  - added support for accessing FITS files on the computational grid.
    Giuliano Taffoni and Andrea Barisani, at INAF, University of Trieste,
    Italy, implemented the necessary I/O driver routines in drvrgsiftp.c.

  - modified the tiled image compression/uncompression routines to 
    preserve/restore the original CHECKSUM and DATASUM keywords if they
    exist. (saved as ZHECKSUM and ZDATASUM in the compressed image)
  
  - split fits_select_image_section into 2 routines: a higher level routine
    that creates the output file and copies other HDUs from the input file
    to the output file, and a lower level routine that extracts the image
    section from the input image into an output image HDU.
    
  - Improved the error messages that get generated if one tries to 
    use the lexical parser to perform calculations on variable-length
    array columns.

  - added "#define MACHINE NATIVE" in fitsio2.h for all machines where
    BYTESWAPPED == FALSE.  This may improve the file writing performance
    by eliminating the need to allocate a temporary buffer in some cases.

  - modified the configure.in and configure script to fix problems with
    testing if network services are available, which affects the definition
    of the HAVE_NET_SERVICES flag.

  - added explicit type casting to all malloc statements, and deleted 
    declarations of unreferenced variables in the image compression code 
    to suppress compiler warnings.
    
  - fixed incorrect logic in fitsio2.h in the way it determined if numerical
    values are byteswapped or not on MIPS and ARM architectures.

  - added __BORLANDC__ to the list of environments in fitsio.h that don't
    use %lld in printf for longlong integers
    
  - added "#if defined(unix)" around "#include " statements in
    several C source files, to make them compatible with Windows.
    

Version 3.02 - 18 Sept 2006

  - applied the security patch to the gzip code, available at
    http://security.FreeBSD.org/patches/SA-06:21/gzip.patch
    The insufficient bounds checks in buffer use can cause gzip to crash,
    and may permit the execution of arbitrary code.  The NULL pointer
    deference can cause gzip to crash.  The infinite loop can cause a
    Denial-of-Service situation where gzip uses all available CPU time.

  - added HCOMPRESS as one of the compression algorithm options in the
    tiled image compression code.  (code provided by Richard White (STScI))
    Made other improvements to preserve the exact header structure in the 
    compressed image file so that the compressed-and-then-uncompressed FITS 
    image will be as identical as possible to the original FITS image file.  

  New Routines		   

  - the following new routines were added to support reading and writing
    non-standard extension types:
     fits_write_exthdr - write required keywords for a conforming extension
     fits_write_ext - write data to the extension
     fits_read_ext  - read data from the extension
     
  - added new routines to compute the RMS noise in the background pixels
    of an image: fits_rms_float and fits_rms_short  (take an input
    array of floats or shorts, respectively).

  Fixes

  - added the missing 64-bit integer case to set of "if (datatype)" 
    statements in the routine that returns information about a 
    particular column (ffgbclll).
    
  - fixed a parsing error in ffexts in cases where an extension number
    is followed by a semi-colon and then the column and row number of an
    array in a binary table.  Also removed an extraneous HISTORY keyword
    that was being written when specifying an input image in a table cel.
  
  - modified the routine that reads a table column returning a string
    value (ffgcls) so that if the displayed numerical value is too
    wide to fit in the specified length string, then it will return
    a string of "*" characters instead of the number string.

  - small change to fitsio.h to support a particular Fortran and C
    compiler combination on a SGI Altix system
    
  - added a test in the gunzip code to prevent seg. fault when trying
    to uncompress a corrupted file (at least in some cases).

  - fixed a rarely-occurring bug in the routine that copies a table
    cell into an image; had to call the ffflsh call a few lines earlier.

Version 3.01 - (in FTOOLS 6.1 release)

  - modified fits_copy_image2cell to correctly copy all the appropriate
    header keywords when copying an image into a table cell

  - in eval.y, explicitly included the code for the lgamma function 
    instead of assuming it is available in a system library (e.g., the
    lgamma function is currently not included in MS Visual++ libraries)

  - modified the logic in fits_pixel_filter so that the default data
    type of the output image will be promoted to at least BITPIX = -32
    (a single precision floating point) if the expression that is being
    evaluated resolves to a floating point result.  If the expression 
    resolves to an integer result, the output image will have the same
    BITPIX as the input image.

  - in fits_copy_cell2image, added 5 more WCS keywords to the list of
    keywords related to other columns that should be deleted in the
    output image header.

  - disabled code in cfileio.c that would write HISTORY keywords to the
    output file in fits_copy_image2cell and cell2image, because some tasks
    would not want these extraneous HISTORY keywords.

  - added 2 new random number functions to the CFITSIO parser
    RANDOMN() - produces a normal deviate (mean=0, stddev=1)
    RANDOMP(X) - produces a Poisson deviate for an expected # of counts X

  - in f77_wrap.h, removed the restriction that "g77Fortran" must be 
    defined on 64-bit Itanium machines before assuming that 
    sizeof(long) = 8.  It appears that "long"s are always
    8 bytes long on this machine, regardless of what compilers are used.

  - added test in fitsio.h so that LONGLONG cannot be multiply defined
  
  - modified longnam.h so that both "fits_write_nulrows" and 
    "fits_write_nullrows"  get replace by the string "ffprwu".  This
    fixes a documentation error regarding the long name of this
    routine.

   Bug fixes

  - fixed a potential null character string dereferencing error in the
    the ffphtb and ffphbn routines that write the FITS table keywords.
    This concerned the optional TUNITn keywords.

  - fixed a few issues in fits_copy_cell2image and fits_copy_image2cell
    related to converting some WCS keyword between the image extension
    form and the table cell form of the keyword. (cfileio.c)

  - fixed bug in fits_translate_keyword (fitscore.c) that, e.g.,  caused 
   'EQUINOX' to be translated to EQUINOXA' if the pattern is 'EQUINOXa'

  - fixed 2 bugs that could affect 'tile compressed' floating point
    images that contain NaN pixels (null pixels).  First, the
    ZBLANK keyword was not being written, and second, an integer
    overflow could occur when computing the BZERO offset in the
    compressed array.  (quantize.c and imcompress.c)

Version 3.006 - 20 February 2006  -(first full release of v3)

  - enhanced the 'col' extended filename syntax to support keyword name
    expressions like
       [col error=sqrt(rate); #TUNIT# = 'counts/s'], 
    in which the trailing '#' will be replaced by the column number
    of the most recently referenced column.
    
  - fixed bug in the parse_data iterator work function that caused it
    to fail to return a value of -1 in cases where only a selected
    set of rows were to be processed. (affected Fv)

  - added code to fitsio.h and cfortran.h to typedef LONGLONG to
    the appropriate 8-byte integer data type.  Most compilers now
    support the 'long long' data type, but older MS Visual C++
    compilers used '__int64' instead.

  - made several small changes based on testing by Martin Reinecke:
    o in  eval.y, change 'int undef' to 'long undef'
    o in getcold.c and getcole.c, fixed a couple format conversion 
      specifiers when displaying the value of long long variables.
    o in fitsio.h, modified the definition of USE_LL_SUFFIX in the
      case of Athon64 machines.
    o in fitsio2.h,  defined BYTESWAPPED in the case of SGI machines.
    o in group.c, added 'include unistd.h' to get rid of compiler warning.
      
Version 3.005 - 20 December 2005  (beta)

  - cfortran.h has been enhanced to support 64-bit integer parameters
    when calling C routines from Fortran.  This modification was kindly 
    provided by Martin Reinecke (MPE, Garching).  
    
  - Many new Fortran wrapper routines have been added to support reading
    and writing 64-bit integer values in FITS files.  These new routines
    are documented in the updated version of the 'FITSIO User's Guide' 
    for Fortran programmers.

  - fixed a problem in the fits_get_keyclass routine that caused it
    to not recognize the special COMMENT keywords at the beginning
    of most FITS files that defines the FITS format.

  - added a new check to the ffifile routine that parses the 
    input extended file name, to distinguish between a FITS extension
    name that begins with 'pix', and a pixel filtering operator that 
    begins with the 'pix' keyword.

  - small change to the WCSLIB interface routine, fits_read_wcstab, to
    be more permissive in allowing the TDIMn keyword to be omitted for
    degenerate coordinate array.

Version 3.004 - 16 September 2005 (3rd public beta release)

  - a major enhancement to the CFITSIO virtual file parser was provided
    by Robert Wiegand (GSFC).  One can now specify filtering operations
    that will be applied on the fly to the pixel values in a FITS image. 
    For example [pix sqrt(X)] will create a virtual FITS image where the
    pixel values are the square root of the input image pixels.

  - modified region.c so that it interprets the position angles of regions
    in a SAO style region file in the same way as DS9.  In particular, if
    the region parameters are given in WCS units, then the position angle
    should be relative to the WCS coordinates of the image (increasing CCW
    from West) instead of relative to the X/Y pixel coordinate system.
    This only affects rotated images (e.g. with non-zero CROTA2 keyword)
    with elliptical or rectangular regions.

  - cleaned up fitsio.h and fitsio2.h to make the definition of LONGLONG
    and BYTESWAPPED and MACHINE more logical.
    
  - removed HAVE_LONGLONG everywhere since it is no longer needed (the 
    compiler now must have an 8-byte integer datatype to build CFITSIO).
    
  - added support for the 64-bit IBM AIX platform

  - modified eval.y so that the circle, ellipse, box, and near functions
    can operate on vectors as well as scalars.  This allows region filtering
    on images that are stored in a vector cell in a binary table. 
    (provided by Craig Markwardt, GSFC)

  New Routines
  
  - added new fits_read_wcstab routine that serves as an interface to
    Mark Calabretta's wcslib library for reading WCS information when
    the -TAB table lookup convention is used in the FITS file.

  - added new fits_write_nullrows routine, which writes null values into
    every column of a specified range of rows in a FITS table.

  - added the fits_translate_keyword and fits_translate_keywords utility
    routines for converting the names of keywords when moving columns and
    images around.
    
  - added fits_copy_cell2image and fits_copy_image2cell routines for
    copying an image extension (or primary array) to or from a cell
    in a binary table vector column. 
  
  Bug fixes
  
  - fixed a memory leak in eval.y;  was fixed by changing a call to malloc
    to cmalloc instead.

  - changed the definition of several global variables at the beginning
    of buffers.c to make them 'static' and thus invisible to applications
    programs.

  - in fits_copy_image_cell, added a call to flush the internal buffers
    before reading from the file, in case any records had been modified.

Version 3.003 - 28 July 2005 - 2nd public beta release (used in HEASOFT)

  Enhancements
  
  - enhanced the string column reading routing fits_get_col_str to 
    support cases where the user enters a null pointer (rather than
    a null string) as the nulval parameter.

  - modified the low level ffread and ffwrite routines that physically
    read and write data from the FITS file so that they write the name
    of the file to the CFITSIO error stack if an error occurs.

  - changed the definition of fits_open_file into a macro that will test
    that the version of the fitsio.h include file that was used to 
    build the CFITSIO library is the same version as included when
    compiling the application program.

  - made a simple modification to region.c to support regions files
    of type "linear", for compatibility with ds9 and fv.
    
  - modified the internal ffgpr routine (and renamed it ffgprll) so
    that it returns the TNULL value as a LONGLONG parameter instead
    of 'long'.
    
  - in fits_get_col_display_width, added support for TFORM = 'k'
  
  - modified fitsio.h, fitsio2.h, and f77_wrap.h to add test for (_SX)
    to identify NEC SX supercomputers.

  - modified eval_f.c to treat table columns of TULONG  (unsigned long)
    as a double.  Also added support for TLONGLONG (8-byte integers) as
    a double, which is only a temporary fix, since doubles only have about
    52 bits of precision.

  - changed the 'blank' parameter in the internal ffgphd function to
    to type LONGLONG to support integer*8 FITS images.

  - when reading the TNULL keyword value, now use ffc2jj instead of
    ffc2ii, to support integer*8 values.

  Bug fixes

  - fixed a significant bug when writing character strings to a variable
    length array column of a binary table. This bug would result in some
    unused space in the variable length heap, making the heap somewhat
    larger than necessary.  This in itself is usually a minor issue, since
    the FITS files are perfectly valid, and other software should have
    no problems reading back the characters strings. In some cases, however,
    this problem could cause the program that is writing the table
    to exit with a status = 108 disk read error.

  - modified the standalone imcopy.c utility program to fix a memory allocation
    bug when running on 64-bit platforms where sizeof(long) = 8 bytes.

  - added an immediate 'return' statement to ffgtcl if the input status >0, 
    to prevent a segfault on some platforms.

Version 3.002 - 15 April 2005 - first public beta release

  - in drvrfile.c, if it fails to open the file for some reason, then
    it should reset file_outfile to a null string, to avoid errors on
    a subsequent call to open a file.
 
  - updated fits_get_keyclass to recognize most of the WCS keywords
    defined in the WCS Papers I and II.

Version 3.001 - 15 March 2005  - released with HEASOFT 6.0

  - numerous minor changes to the code to get rid of compiler warning
    messages, mainly dealing with numerical data type casting and the
    subsequent possible loss of precision in the result.

Version 3.000 - 1 March 2005 (internal beta release)

  Enhancements:

   - Made major changes to many of the CFITSIO routines to more generally 
     support Large Files (> 2.1 GB).  These changes are intended to 
     be 100% backward compatible with software that used the previous 
     versions of CFITSIO.  The datatype of many of the integer parameters 
     in the CFITSIO functions has been changed from 'long' to 'LONGLONG', 
     which is typedef'ed to be equivalent to an 8-byte integer datatype on 
     each platform. With these changes, CFITSIO supports the following:
        - integer FITS keywords with absolute values > 2**31
        - FITS files with total sizes > 2**31 bytes
	- FITS tables in which the number of rows, the row width, or
	  the size of the heap is > 2**31 bytes
	- FITS images with dimensions > 2**31 bytes (support is still 
	  somewhat limited, with full support to be added later).

   - added another lexical parser function (thanks to Craig Markwardt,
     GSFC): angsep computes the angular separation between 2 positions
     on the celestial sphere.
  
   - modified the image subset extraction code (e.g., when specifying
     an image subregion when opening the file, such as 
     'myimage.fits[21:40, 81:90]') so that in addition to
     updating the values of the primary WCS keywords CRPIXk, CDELTi, and
     CDj_i in the extracted/binned image, it also looks for and updates 
     any secondary WCS keywords (e.g., 'CRPIX1P').

   - made cosmetic change to group.c, so that when a group table is
     copied, any extra columns will be appended after the last existing
     column, instead of being inserted before the last column.
     
   - modified the routines that read tile compressed images to support
     NULL as the input value for the 'anynul' parameter (meaning the
     calling program does not want the value of 'anynul' returned to it).
      
   - when constructing or parsing a year/month/day character string,
     (e.g, when writing the DATE keyword) the routines now rigorously
     verify that the input day value is valid for the given month 
     (including leap years).

   - added some checks in cfileio.c to detect if some vital parameters
     that are stored in memory have been corrupted.  This can occur if
     a user's program writes to areas of memory that it did not allocate.

   - added the wcsutil_alternate.c source code file which contains
     non-working stubs for the 2 Classic AIPS world coordinate
     conversion routines that are distributed under the GNU General
     Public License.  Users who are unwilling or unable to distribute
     their software under the General Public License may use this 
     alternate source file which has no GPL restrictions, instead
     of wcsutil.c.  This will have no effect on programs that use 
     CFITSIO as long as they do not call the fits_pix_to_world/ffwldp
     or fits_world_to_pix/ffxypx routines.
     
   Bug Fixes
   
   - in ffdtdm (which parses the TDIMn keyword value), the check for
     consistency between the length of the array defined by TDIMn and
     the size of the TFORMn repeat value, is now not performed for variable
     length array columns (which always have repeat = 1).

   - fixed byteswapping problem when writing null values to non-standard
     long integer FITS images with BITPIX = 64 and FITS table columns with
     TFORMn = 'K'.

   - fixed buffer overflow problem in fits_parse_template/ffgthd that
     occurred only if the input template keyword value string was much
     longer than can fit in an 80-char header record.
     
Version 2.510 - 2 December 2004

  New Routines:
  
   - added fits_open_diskfile and fits_create_diskfile routines that simply
     open or create a FITS file with a specified name.  CFITSIO does not
     try to parse the name using the extended filename syntax.
     
   - 2 new C functions, CFITS2Unit and CUnit2FITS, were added to convert
     between the C fitsfile pointer value and the Fortran unit number.
     These functions may be useful in mixed language C and Fortran programs.   
   
  Enhancements:
  
   - added the ability to recognize and open a compressed FITS file
     (compressed with gzip or unix compress) on the stdin standard input
     stream.
  
   - Craig Markwardt (GSFC) provided 2 more lexical parser functions:
     accum(x) and seqdiff(x) that compute the cumulative sum and the
     sequential difference of the values of x.
  
   - modified putcole.c and putcold.c so that when writing arrays of
     pixels to the FITS image or column that contain null values, and
     there are also numerical overflows when converting some of the
     non-null values to the FITS values, CFITSIO will now ignore the
     overflow error until after all the data have been written. Previously,
     in some circumstances CFITSIO would have simply stopped writing any
     data after the first overflow error.     
      
   - modified fitsio2.h to try to eliminate compiler warning messages
     on some platforms about the use of 'long long' constants when 
     defining the value of LONGLONG_MAX (whether to use L or LL
     suffix).

   - modified region.c to support 'physical' regions in addition to
     'image', 'fk4', etc.

   - modified ffiurl (input filename parsing routine) to increase the 
     maximum allowed extension number that can be specified from 9999 
     to 99999 (e.g. 'myfile.fits+99999')

  Bug Fixes:
  
   - added check to fits_create_template to force it to start with
     the primary array in the template file, in case an extension
     number was specified as part of the template FITS file name.
      
Version 2.500 - 28 & 30 July 2004

  New Routine:  
  
   - fits_file_exists tests whether the specified input file, or a 
     compressed version of the file, exists on disk.

  Enhancements:

   - modified the way CFITSIO reads and writes data in COMPLEX ('C') and
     DBLCOMPLEX 'M' columns.  Now, in all cases, when referring to the
     number of elements in the vector, or the value of the offset to a 
     particular element within the vector, CFITSIO considers each pair of
     numbers (the imaginary and real parts) as a single element instead of
     treating each single number as an element. In particular, this changes
     the behavior of fits_write_col_null when writing to complex columns.  
     It also changes the length of the 'nullarray' vector in the
     fits_read_colnull routine;  it is now only 1/2 as long as before.
     Each element of the nullarray is set = 1 if either the real or 
     imaginary parts of the corresponding complex value have a null
     value.(this change was added to version 2.500 on 30 July).

   - Craig Markwardt, at GSFC, provided a number of significant enhancements
     to the CFITSIO lexical parser that is used to evaluate expressions:
     
       - the parser now can operate on bit columns ('X') in a similar
         way as for other numeric columns (e.g., 'B' or 'I' columns)
	 
       - range checking has been implemented, so that the following 
         conditions return a Null value, rather than returning an error:
	 divide by zero, sqrt(negative),  arccos(>1), arcsin(>1),
	 log(negative), log10(negative)
	 
       - new vector functions:  MEDIAN, AVERAGE, STDDEV, and 
         NVALID (returns the number of non-null values in the vector)

       - all the new functions (and SUM, MIN and MAX) ignore null values
       
   - modified the iterator to support variable-length array columns

   - modified configure to support AIX systems that have flock in a non-
     standard location.
     
   - modified configure to remove the -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS flag when running
     on Mac Darwin systems.  This caused conflicts with the Fortran
     wrappers, and should only be needed in any case when using CFITSIO
     to read/write FITS files greater than 2.1 GB in size.

   - modified fitsio2.h to support compilers that define LONG_LONG_MAX.

   - modified ffrsim (resize an existing image) so that it supports changing
     the datatype to an unsigned integer image using the USHORT_IMG and
     ULONG_IMG definitions.

   - modified the disk file driver (drvrfile.c) so that if an output
     file is specified when opening an ordinary file (e.g. with the syntax
     'myfile.fits(outputfile.fits)' then it will make a copy of the file,
     close the original file and open the copy.  Previously, the
     specified output file would be ignored unless the file was compressed.

   - modified f77_wrap.h and f77_wrap3.c to support the Fortran wrappers
     on 64-bit AMD Opteron machines

  Bug fixes:

   - made small change to ffsrow in eval_f.c to avoid potential array 
     bounds overflow.
     
   - made small change to group.c to fix problem where an 'int' was
     incorrectly being cast to a 'long'.

   - corrected a memory allocation error in the new fits_hdr2str routine
     that was added in version 2.48

   - The on-the-fly row-selection filtering would fail with a segfault
     if the length of a table row (NAXIS1 value) was greater than
     500000 bytes.  A small change to eval_f.c was required to fix this.

Version 2.490 - 11 February 2004

  Bug fixes:

  - fixed a bug that was introduced in the previous release, which caused
    the CFITSIO parser to no longer move to a named extension when opening
    a FITS file, e.g., when opening myfile.fit[events] CFITSIO would just
    open the primary array instead of moving to the EVENTS extension.

  - new group.c file from the INTEGRAL Science Data Center.  It fixes
    a problem when you attach a child to a parent and they are both
    is the same file, but, that parent contains groups in other files.
    In certain cases the attach would not happen because it seemed that
    the new child was already in the parent group.

  - fixed bug in fits_calculator_rng when performing a calculation
    on a range of rows in a table, so that it does not reset the
    value in all the other rows that are not in the range = 0.

  - modified fits_write_chksum so that it updates the TFORMn 
    keywords for any variable length vector table columns BEFORE 
    calculating the CHECKSUM values.  Otherwise the CHECKSUM
    value is invalidated when the HDU is subsequently closed.

Version 2.480 - 28 January 2004

  New Routines:

  - fits_get_img_equivtype - just like fits_get_img_type, except in
    the case of scaled integer images, it returns the 'equivalent' 
    data type that is necessary to store the scaled data values.  

  - fits_hdr2str copies all the header keywords in the current HDU
    into a single long character string.  This is a convenient method
    of passing the header information to other subroutines.
    The user may exclude any specified keywords from the list.

  Enhancements:

  - modified the filename parser so that it accepts extension
    names that begin with digits, as in 'myfile.fits[123TEST]'.
    In this case CFITSIO will try to open the extension with
    EXTNAME = '123TEST' instead of trying to move to the 123rd
    extension in the file.

  - the template keyword parser now preserves the comments on the
    the mandatory FITS keywords if present, otherwise a standard
    default comment is provided.

  - modified the ftp driver file (drvrnet.c) to overcome a timeout
    or hangup problem caused by some firewall software at the user's
    end (Thanks to Bruce O'Neel for this fix).

  - modified iraffits.c to incorporate Doug Mink's latest changes to
    his wcstools library routines.  The biggest change is that now
    the actual image dimensions, rather than the physically stored
    dimensions, are used when converting an IRAF file to FITS.

  Bug fixes:

  - when writing to ASCII FITS tables, the 'elemnum' parameter was
    supposed to be ignored if it did not have the default value of 1.
    In some cases however setting elemnum to a value other than 1 
    could cause the wrong number of rows to be produced in the output
    table.

  - If a cfitsio calculator expression was imported from a text file
    (e.g. using the extended filename syntax 'file.fits[col @file.calc]')
    and if any individual lines in that text file were greater than 
    255 characters long, then a space character would be inserted
    after the 255th character.  This could corrupt the line if the space
    was inserted within a column name or keyword name token.

Version 2.480beta  (used in the FTOOLS 5.3 release, 1 Nov 2003)

  New Routines:

  - fits_get_eqcoltype - just like fits_get_coltype, except in the
    case of scaled integer columns, it returns the 'equivalent' 
    data type that is necessary to store the scaled data values.  

  - fits_split_names - splits an input string containing a comma or
    space delimited list of names (typically file names or column
    names) into individual name tokens.

  Enhancements:

  - changed fhist in histo.c so that it can make histograms of ASCII
    table columns as well as binary table columns (as long as they
    contain numeric data).

  Bug fixes:

  - removed an erroneous reference to listhead.c in makefile.vcc, that is
    used to build the cfitsio dll under Windows.  This caused a 'main'
    routine to be added to the library, which causes problems when linking
    fortran programs to cfitsio under windows.

  - if an error occurs when opening for a 2nd time (with ffopen) a file that
    is already open (e.g., the specified extension doesn't exist), and
    if the file had been modified before attempting to reopen it, then
    the modified buffers may not get written to disk and the internal
    state of the file may become corrupted.  ffclos was modified to
    always set status=0 before calling ffflsh if the file has been 
    concurrently opened more than once.

Version 2.470 - 18 August 2003

  Enhancements:

  - defined 'TSBYTE' to represent the 'signed char' datatype (similar to
    'TBYTE' that represents the 'unsigned char' datatype) and added
    support for this datatype to all the routines that read or write
    data to a FITS image or table.   This was implemented by adding 2
    new C source code files to the package: getcolsb.c and putcolsb.c.

  - Defined a new '1S' shorthand data code for a signed byte column in
    a binary table.  CFITSIO will write TFORMn = '1B' and
    TZEROn = -128 in this case, which is the convention used to
    store signed byte values in a 'B' type column.

  - in fitsio2.h, added test of whether  `__x86_64__` is defined, to 
    support the new AMD Opteron 64-bit processor

  - modified configure to not use the -fast compiler flag on Solaris
    platforms when using the proprietary Solaris cc compiler.  This
    flag causes compilation problems in eval_y.c (compiler just
    hangs forever).

  Bug fixes:

  - In the special case of writing 0 elements to a vector table column
    that contains 0 rows, ffgcpr no longer adds a blank row to the table.
    
  - added error checking code for cases where a ASCII string column
    in a binary table is greater than 28800 characters wide, to avoid
    going into an infinite loop.

  - the fits_get_col_display_width routine was incorrectly returning
    width = 0 for a 'A' binary table column that did not have an 
    explicit vector length character.

Version 2.460 - 20 May 2003

  Enhancements:

  - modified the HTTP driver in drvrnet.c so that CFITSIO can read
    FITS files via a proxy HTTP server.  (This code was contributed by
    Philippe Prugniel, Obs. de Lyon).  To use this feature, the 
    'http_proxy' environment variable must be defined with the
    address (URL) and port number of the proxy server, i.e.,
      > setenv http_proxy http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov:3128
    will use port 3128 on heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov

  - suppressed some compiler warnings by casting a variable of 
    type 'size_t' to type 'int' in fftkey (in fitscore.c) and
    iraftofits and irafrdimge (in iraffits.c).

Version 2.450 - 30 April 2003

  Enhancements:

  - modified the WCS keyword reading routine (ffgics) to support cases
    where some of the CDi_j keywords are omitted (with an assumed 
    value = 0).

  - Made a change to http_open_network in drvrnet.c to add a 'Host: '
    string to the open request.  This is required by newer HTTP 1.1
    servers (so-called virtual servers).

  - modified ffgcll (read logical table column) to return the illegal
    character value itself if the FITS file contains a logical value that is
    not equal to T, F or zero.  Previously it treated this case the
    same as if the FITS file value was = 0.

  - modified fits_movnam_hdu (ffmnhd) so that it will move to a tile-
    compressed image (that is stored in a binary table) if the input
    desired HDU type is BINARY_TBL as well as if the HDU type = IMAGE_HDU.

  Bug fixes:

  - in the routine that checks the data fill bytes (ffcdfl), the call
    to ffmbyt should not ignore an EOF error when trying to read the bytes.
    This is a little-used routine that is not called by any other CFITSIO
    routine.

  - fits_copy_file was not reporting an error if it hit the End Of File
    while copying the last extension in the input file to the output file.

  - fixed inconsistencies in the virtual file column filter parser
    (ffedit_columns) to properly support expressions which create or
    modify a keyword, instead of a column.  Previously it was only possible
    to modify keywords in a table extension (not an image), and the 
    keyword filtering could cause some of the table columns to not
    get propagated into the virtual file.  Also, spaces are now
    allowed within the specified keyword comment field.

  - ffdtyp was incorrectly returning the data type of FITS keyword
    values of the form '1E-09' (i.e., an exponential value without
    a decimal point) as integer rather than floating point.

  - The enhancement in the previous 2.440 release to allow more files to be
    opened at one time introduced a bug: if ffclos is called with
    a non-zero status value, then any subsequent call to ffopen will likely
    cause a segmentation fault.  The fits_clear_Fptr routine was modified
    to fix this.

  - rearranged the order of some computations in fits_resize_img so as
    to not exceed the range of a 32-bit integer when dealing with 
    large images.

  - the template parser routine, ngp_read_xtension, was testing for
    "ASCIITABLE" instead of "TABLE" as the XTENSION value of an ASCII
    table, and it did not allow for optional trailing spaces in the IMAGE"
    or "TABLE" string value.

Version 2.440 - 8 January 2003

  Enhancements:

  - modified the iterator function, ffiter, to operate on random
    groups files.

  - decoupled the NIOBUF (= 40) parameter from the limit on the number
    FITS files that can be opened, so that more files may be opened
    without the overhead of having to increase the number of NIOBUF
    buffers.  A new NMAXFILES parameter is defined in fitsio2.h which sets
    the maximum number of opened FITS files.  It is set = 300 by default.
    Note however, that the underlying compiler or operating system may
    not allow this many files to be opened at one time.

  - updated the version of cfortran.h that is distributed with CFITSIO from 
    version 3.9 to version 4.4.  This required changes to f77_wrap.h
    and f77_wrap3.c.  The original cfortran.h v4.4 file was modified
    slightly to support CFITSIO and ftools (see comments in the header
    of cfortran.h).

  - modified ffhist so that it copies all the non-structural keywords from
    the original binary table header to the binned image header.

  - modified fits_get_keyclass so that it recognizes EXTNAME =
    COMPRESSED_IMAGE as a special tile compression keyword.

  - modified Makefile.in to support the standard --prefix convention
    for specifying the install target directory.

  Bug fixes:

  - in fits_decompress_img, needed to add a call to ffpscl to turn
    off the BZERO and BSCALE scaling when reading the compressed image.

Version 2.430 - 4 November 2002

  Enhancements:

  - modified fits_create_hdu/ffcrhd so that it returns without doing
    anything and does not generate an error if the current HDU is 
    already an empty HDU.  There is no need in this case to append
    a new empty HDU to the file.

  - new version of group.c (supplied by B. O'Neel at the ISDC) fixes 2
    limitations:  1 - Groups now have 256 characters rather than 160
    for the path lengths in the group tables. - ISDC SPR 1720.  2 -
    Groups now can have backpointers longer than 68 chars using the long
    string convention. - ISDC SPR 1738.

  - small change to f77_wrap.h and f77_wrap3.c to support the fortran
    wrappers on SUN solaris 64-bit sparc systems (see also change to v2.033)

  - small change to find_column in  eval_f.c to support unsigned long
    columns in binary tables (with TZEROn = 2147483648.0)

  - small modification to cfortran.h to support Mac OS-X, (Darwin)

  Bug fixes:

  - When reading tile-compress images, the BSCALE and BZERO scaling
    keywords were not being applied, if present.

  - Previous changes to the error message stack code caused the
    tile compressed image routines to not clean up spurious error
    messages properly.

  - fits_open_image was not skipping over null primary arrays.

Version 2.420 - 19 July 2002

  Enhancements:

  - modified the virtual filename parser to support exponential notation
    when specifying the min, max or binsize in a binning specifier, as in:
    myfile.fits[binr X=1:10:1.0E-01, Y=1:10:1.0E-01]

  - removed the limitation on the maximum number of HDUs in a FITS file 
    (limit used to be 1000 HDUs per file).  Now any number of HDUs
    can be written/read in a FITS file. (BUT files that have huge numbers
    of HDUs can be difficult to manage and are not recommended);

  - modified grparser.c to support HIERARCH keywords, based on 
    code supplied by Richard Mathar (Max-Planck)

  - moved the ffflsh (fits_flush_buffer) from the private to the
    public interface, since this routine may be useful for some  
    applications.  It is much faster than ffflus.

  - small change to the definition of OFF_T in fitsio.h to support
    large files on IBM AIX operating systems.

  Bug fixes:

  - fixed potential problem reading beyond array bounds in ffpkls.  This
    would not have affected the content of any previously generated FITS
    files.

  - in the net driver code in drvrnet.c, the requested protocol string
    was changed from "http/1.0" to "HTTP/1.0" to support apache 1.3.26.

  - When using the virtual file syntax to open a vector cell in a binary
    table as if it were a primary array image, there was a bug
    in fits_copy_image_cell which garbled the data if the vector
    was more than 30000 bytes long.

  - fixed problem that caused fits_report_error to crash under Visual
    C++ on Windows systems.  The fix is to use the '/MD' switch
    on the cl command line, or, in Visual Studio, under project
    settings / C++ select use runtime library multithreaded DLL

  - modified ffpscl so it does not attempt to reset the scaling values
    in the internal structure if the image is tile-compressed.

  - fixed multiple bugs in mem_rawfile_open which affected the case
    where a raw binary file is read and converted on the fly into
    a FITS file.

  - several small changes to group.c to suppress compiler warnings.

Version 2.410 - 22 April 2002 (used in the FTOOLS 5.2 release)

  New Routines:

  - fits_open_data behaves similarly to fits_open_file except that it
    also will move to the first HDU containing significant data if
    and an explicit HDU name or number to open was not specified.
    This is useful for automatically skipping over a null primary
    array when opening the file.

  - fits_open_table and fits_open_image behaves similarly to 
    fits_open_data, except they move to the first table or image
    HDU in the file, respectively.

  - fits_write_errmark and fits_clear_errmark routines can be use
    to write an invisible marker to the CFITSIO error stack, and
    then clear any more recent messages on the stack, back to 
    that mark.  This preserves any older messages on the stack.

  - fits_parse_range utility routine parses a row list string
    and returns integer arrays giving the min and max row in each
    range.

  - fits_delete_rowrange deletes a specified list of rows or row
    ranges.

  - fits_copy_file copies all or part of the HDUs in the input file
    to the output file.

  - added fits_insert_card/ffikey to the publicly defined set
    of routines (previously, it was a private routine).

  Enhancements:

  - changed the default numeric display format in ffgkys from 'E' format
    to 'G' format, and changed the format for 'X' columns to a 
    string of 8 1s or 0s representing each bit value.

  - modified ffflsh so the system 'fflush' call is not made in cases
    where the file was opened with 'READONLY' access.

  - modified the output filename parser so the "-.gz", and "stdout.gz"
    now cause the output file to be initially created in memory,
    and then compressed and written out to the stdout stream when
    the file is closed.

  - modified the routines that delete rows from a table to also 
    update the variable length array heap, to remove any orphaned
    data from the heap.

  - modified ffedit_columns so that wild card characters may be
    used when specifying column names in the 'col' file filter
    specifier (e.g.,  file.fits[col TIME; *RAW] will create a
    virtual table contain only the TIME column and any other columns
    whose name ends with 'RAW').

  - modified the keyword classifier utility, fits_get_keyclass, to
    support cases where the input string is just the keyword name,
    not the entire 80-character card.

  - modified configure.in and configure to see if a proprietary
    C compiler is available (e.g. 'cc'), and only use 'gcc' if not.

  - modified ffcpcl (copy columns from one table to another) so that
    it also copies any WCS keywords related to that column.

  - included an alternate source file that can be used to replace
    compress.c, which is distributed under the GNU General Public
    License.  The alternate file contains non-functional stubs for
    the compression routines, which can be used to make a version of
    CFITSIO that does not have the GPL restrictions (and is also less
    functional since it cannot read or write compressed FITS files).

  - modifications to the iterator routine (ffiter) to support writing
    tile compressed output images.

  - modified ffourl to support the [compress] qualifier when specifying
    the optional output file name. E.g., file.fit(out.file[compress])[3]

  - modified imcomp_compress_tile to fully support implicit data type
    conversion when writing to tile-compressed images.  Previously,
    one could not write a floating point array to an integer compressed
    image.

  - increased the number of internal 2880-byte I/O buffers allocated
    by CFITSIO from 25 to 40, in recognition of the larger amount
    of memory available on typical machines today compared with
    a few years ago.  The number of buffers can be set by the user
    with the NIOBUF parameter in fitsio2.h.  (Setting this too large
    can actually hurt performance).

  - modified the #if statements in fitsio2.h, f77_wrap.h and f77_wrap1.c
    to support the new Itanium 64-bit Intel PC.

  - a couple minor modifications to fitsio.h needed to support the off_t
    datatype on Debian linux systems.

  - increased internal buffer sizes in ffshft and ffsrow to improve
    the I/O performance.

  Bug fixes:

  - fits_get_keyclass could sometimes try to append to an unterminated 
    string, causing an overflow of a string array.   

  - fits_create_template no longer worked because of improvements made
    to other routines.  Had to modify ffghdt to not try to rescan
    the header keywords if the file is still empty and contains no
    keywords yet.

  - ffrtnm, which returns the root filename, sometimes did not work 
    properly when testing if the 'filename+n' convention was used for
    specifying an extension number.

  - fixed minor problem in the keyword template parsing routine, ffgthd
    which in rare cases could cause an improperly terminated string to
    be returned.

  - the routine to compare 2 strings, ffcmps, failed to find a match 
    in comparing strings like "*R" and "ERROR" where the match occurs
    on the last character, but where the same matching character occurs
    previously in the 2nd string.

  - the region file reading routine (ffrrgn) did not work correctly if
    the region file (created by POW and perhaps other programs) had an
    'exclude' region (beginning with a '-' sign) as the first region 
    in the file.  In this case all points outside the excluded region
    should be accepted, but in fact no points were being accepted
    in this case.

Version 2.401 - 28 Jan 2002

  - added the imcopy example program to the release (and Makefile)

  Bug fixes:

  - fixed typo in the imcompress code which affected compression
    of 3D datacubes.

  - made small change to fficls (insert column) to allow colums with
    TFORMn = '1PU' and '1PV' to be inserted in a binary table.  The
    'U' and 'V' are codes only used within CFITSIO to represent unsigned
    16-bit and 32-bit integers; They get replaced by '1PI' and '1PJ'
    respectively in the FITS table header, along with the appropriate
    TZEROn keyword.

Version 2.400 - 18 Jan 2002

  (N.B.: Application programs must be recompiled, not just relinked 
     with the new CFITSIO library because of changes made to fitsio.h)

  New Routines:

  - fits_write_subset/ffpss writes a rectangular subset (or the whole
    image) to a FITS image.

  - added a whole new family of routines to read and write arrays of 
    'long long' integers (64-bit) to FITS images or table columns.  The
    new routine names all end in 'jj':  ffpprjj, ffppnjj, ffp2djj,
    ffp3djj, ffppssjj, ffpgpjj, ffpcljj, ffpcnjj. ffgpvjj, ffgpfjj,
    ffg2djj, ffg3djj, ffgsvjj, ffgsfjj, ffggpjj, ffgcvjj, and ffgcfjj.

  - added a set of helper routines that are used in conjunction with
    the new support for tiled image compression.  3 routines set the
    parameters that should be used when CFITSIO compresses an image:
        fits_set_compression_type
        fits_set_tile_dim
        fits_set_noise_bits

      3 corresponding routines report back the current settings:
        fits_get_compression_type
        fits_get_tile_dim
        fits_get_noise_bits

  Enhancements:

  - major enhancement was made to support writing to tile-compressed
    images.  In this format, the image is divided up into a rectangular
    grid of tiles, and each tile of pixels is compressed individually
    and stored in a row of a variable-length array column in a binary
    table.  CFITSIO has been able to transparently read this compressed
    image format ever since version 2.1.  Now all the CFITSIO image
    writing routines also transparently support this format.  There are
    2 ways to force CFITSIO to write compressed images: 1) call the
    fits_set_compression_type routine before writing the image header
    keywords, or 2), specify that the image should be compressed when
    entering the name of the output FITS file, using a new extended
    filename syntax.  (examples: "myfile.fits[compress]" will use the
    default compression parameters, and "myfile.fits[compress GZIP
    100,100] will use the GZIP compression algorithm with 100 x 100
    pixel tiles.

  - added new driver to support creating output .gz compressed fits
    files.  If the name of the output FITS file to be created ends with
    '.gz' then CFITSIO will initially write the FITS file in memory and
    then, when the FITS file is closed, CFITSIO will gzip the entire
    file before writing it out to disk.

  - when over-writing vectors in a variable length array in a binary
    table, if the new vector to be written is less than or equal to
    the length of the previously written vector, then CFITSIO will now
    reuse the existing space in the heap, rather than always appending
    the new array to the end of the heap.

  - modified configure.in to support building cfitsio as a dynamic 
    library on Mac OS X. Use 'make shared' like on other UNIX platforms,
    but a .dylib file will be created instead of .so.  If installed in a 
    nonstandard location, add its location to the DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH 
    environment variable so that the library can be found at run time.

  - made various modifications to better support the  8-byte long integer
    datatype on more platforms.  The 'LONGLONG' datatype is typedef'ed
    to equal 'long long' on most Unix platforms and MacOS, and equal
    to '__int64' on Windows machines.

  - modified configure.in and makefile.in to better support cases 
    where the system has no Fortran compiler and thus the f77 wrapper
    routines should not be compiled.

  - made small modification to eval.y and eval_y.f to get rid of warning
    on some platforms about redefinition of the 'alloca'.

  Bug fixes:

  - other recent bug fixes in ffdblk (delete blocks) caused ffdhdu (delete
    HDU) to fail when trying to replace the primary array with a null
    primary array.

  - fixed bug that prevented inserting a new variable length column
    into a table that already contained variable length data.

  - modified fits_delete_file so that it will delete the file even if
    the input status value is not equal to zero.

  - in fits_resize_image, it was sometimes necessary to call ffrdef to
    force the image structure to be defined.

  - modified the filename parser to support input files with names like:
    "myfile.fits.gz(mem://tmp)" in which the url type is specified for
    the output file but not for the input file itself.  This required
    modifications to ffiurl and ffrtnm.

Version 2.301 -   7 Dec 2001

  Enhancements:

   - modified the http file driver so that if the filename to be opened
     contains a '?' character (most likely a cgi related string) then it
     will not attempt to append a .gz or .Z as it would normally do.

   - added support for the '!' clobber character when specifying
     the output disk file name in CFITSIO's extended filename syntax, e.g.,
     'http://a.b.c.d/myfile.fits.gz(!outfile.fits)'

   - added new device driver which is used when opening a compressed FITS
     file on disk by uncompressing it into memory with READWRITE
     access.  This happens when specifying an output filename
     'mem://'.

   - added 2 other device drivers to open http and ftp files in memory
     with write access.

   - improved the error trapping and reporting in cases where program
     attempts to write to a READONLY file (especially in cases where the
    'file' resides in memory, as is the case when opening an ftp or http
     file.

   - modified the extended filename parser so that it is does not confuse
     the bracket character '[' which is sometimes used in the root name
     of files of type 'http://', as the start of an extname or row filter
     expression.  If the file is of type 'http://', the parser now
     checks to see if the last character in the extended file name is
     a ')' or ']'.  If not, it does not try to parse the file name
     any further.

   - improved the efficiency when writing FITS files in memory, by
     initially allocating enough memory for the entire HDU when it is
     created, rather than incrementally reallocing memory 2880 bytes
     at a time (modified ffrhdu and mem_truncate).  This change also
     means that the program will fail much sooner if it cannot allocate
     enough memory to hold the entire FITS HDU.

  Bug fixes:

   - There was an error in the definition of the Fortran ftphtb wrapper
     routine (writes required ASCII table header keywords) that caused
     it to fail on DEC OSF and other platforms where sizeof(long) = 8.

Version 2.300 - 23 Oct 2001

  New Routines:

   - fits_comp_img and fits_decomp_img are now fully supported and
     documented.  These routine compress and decompress, respective,
     a FITS image using a new algorithm in which the image is first
     divided into a grid of rectangular tiles, then the compressed byte
     stream from each tile is stored in a row of a binary table.
     CFITSIO can transparently read FITS images stored in this
     compressed format.  Compression ratios of 3 - 6 are typically
     achieved.  Large compression ratios are achieved for floating
     point images by throwing away non-significant noise bits in the
     pixel values.

   - fits_test_heap tests the integrity of the binary table heap and
     returns statistics on the amount of unused space in the heap and
     the amount of space that is pointed to by more than 1 descriptor.

   - fits_compress_heap which will reorder the arrays in the binary
     table heap, recovering any unused space.

  Enhancements:

   - made substantial internal changes to the code to support FITS
     files containing 64-bit integer data values.  These files have
     BITPIX = 64 or TFORMn = 'K'.  This new feature in CFITSIO is
     currently only enabled if SUPPORT_64BIT_INTEGERS is defined = 1 in
     the beginning of the fitsio2.h file.  By default support for
     64-bit integers is not enabled.

   - improved the ability to read and return a table column value as a
     formatted string by supporting quasi-legal TDISPn values which
     have a lowercase format code letter, and by completely ignoring
     other unrecognizable TDISPn values.  Previously, unrecognized
     TDISPn values could cause zero length strings to be returned.

   - made fits_write_key_longstr more efficient when writing keywords
     using the long string CONTINUE convention.  It previously did not
     use all the available space on each card when the string to be
     written contained many single quote characters.

   - added a new "CFITSIO Quick Start Guide" which provides all the
     basic information needed to write C programs using CFITSIO.

   - updated the standard COMMENT keywords that are written at the 
     beginning of every primary array to refer to the newly published
     FITS Standard document in Astronomy and Astrophysics.
     Note: because of this change, any FITS file created with this
     version of CFITSIO will not be identical to the same file written
     with a previous version of CFITSIO.

   - replaced the 2 routines in pliocomp.c with new versions provided by
     D Tody and N Zarate.  These routines compress/uncompress image pixels
     using the IRAF pixel list compression algorithm.

   - modified fits_copy_hdu so that when copying a Primary Array
     to an Image extension, the COMMENT cards which give the reference
     to the A&A journal article about FITS are not copied.  In the
     inverse case the COMMENT keywords are inserted in the header.
     
   - modified configure and Makefile.in to add capability to build a
     shared version of the CFITSIO library.  Type 'make shared' or 
     'make libcfitsio.so' to invoke this option.

   - disabled some uninformative error messages on the error stack:
       1) when calling ffclos (and then ffchdu) with input status > 0
       2) when ffmahd tries to move beyond the end of file.
     The returned status value remains the same as before, but the
     annoying error messages no longer get written to the error stack.

   - The syntax for column filtering has been modified so that
     if one only specifies a list of column names, then only those
     columns will be copied into the output file.  This provides a simple
     way to make a copy of a table containing only a specified list of
     columns.  If the column specifier explicitly deletes a column, however,
     than all the other columns will be copied to the filtered input
     file, regardless of whether the columns were listed or not.
     Similarly, if the expression specifies only a column to be modified
     or created, then all the other columns in the table will be
     copied.

      mytable.fit[1][col Time;Rate]  - only the Time and Rate
        columns will be copied to the filtered input file.

      mytable.fit[1][col -Time ] - all but the Time column are copied
        to the filtered input file.

      mytable.fit[1][col Rate;-Time] - same as above.

   - changed a '#if defined' statement in f77_wrap.h and f77_wrap1.c 
     to support the fortran wrappers on 64-bit IBM/RS6000 systems

   - modified group.c so that when attaching one group (the child) to 
     another (the parent), check in each file for the existence of a 
     pointer to the other before adding the link. This is to prevent
     multiple links from forming under all circumstances.

   - modified the filename parser to accept 'STDIN', 'stdin', 
     'STDOUT' and 'stdout' in addition to '-' to mean read the
     file from standard input or write to standard output.

   - Added support for reversing an axis when reading a subsection
     of a compressed image using the extended filename syntax, as in
     myfile.fits+1[-*, *] or myfile.fits+1[600:501,501:600]

   - When copying a compressed image to a uncompressed image, the
     EXTNAME keyword is no longer copied if the value is equal to
     'COMPRESSED_IMAGE'.

   - slight change to the comment field of the DATE keyword to reflect
     the fact that the Unix system date and time is not true UTC time.

  Bug fixes:

   - fits_write_key_longstr was not writing the keyword if a null
     input string value was given.

   - writing data to a variable length column, if that binary table is not
     the last HDU in the FITS file, might overwrite the following HDU.
     Fixed this by changing the order of a couple operations in ffgcpr.

   - deleting a column from a table containing variable length columns
     could cause the last few FITS blocks of the file to be reset = 0.
     This bug occurred as a result of modifications to ffdblk in v2.202.
     This mainly affects users of the 'compress_fits' utility
     program.

   - fixed obscure problem when writing bits to a variable length 'B' 
     column.

   - when reading a subsection of an image, the BSCALE and BZERO pixel
     scaling may not have been applied when reading image pixel values
     (even though the scaling keywords were properly written in the
     header).

   - fits_get_keyclass was not returning 'TYP_STRUCT_KEY' for the
     END keyword.

Version 2.204 - 26 July 2001 

  Bug fixes:

   - Re-write of fits_clean_url in group.c to solve various problems
     with invalid bounds checking.

Version 2.203 -  19 July 2001 (version in FTOOLS v5.1)

  Enhancements:

   - When a row selection or calculator expression is written in
     an external file (and read by CFITSIO with the '@filename' syntax)
     the file can now contain comment lines.  The comment line must
     begin with 2 slash characters as the first 2 characters on the
     line.  CFITSIO will ignore the entire line when reading the
     expression.

  Bug fixes:

   - With previous versions of CFITSIO, the pixel values in a FITS
     image could be read incorrectly in the following case: when
     opening a subset of a FITS image (using the
     'filename.fits[Xmin:Xmax,Ymin:Ymax]' notation) on a PC linux, PC
     Windows, or DEC OSF machine (but not on a SUN or Mac).  This
     problem only occurs when reading more than 8640 bytes of data
     (2160 4-byte integers) at a time, and usually only occurs if the
     reading program reads the pixel data immediately after opening the
     file, without first reading any header keywords.  This error would
     cause strips of zero valued pixels to appear at semi-random
     positions in the image, where each strip usually would be 2880
     bytes long.  This problem does not affect cases where the input
     subsetted image is simply copied to a new output FITS file.


Version 2.202 -  22 May 2001

  Enhancements:

   - revised the logic in the routine that tests if a point is
     within a region:  if the first region is an excluded region,
     then it implicitly assumes a prior include region covering
     the entire detector.  It also now supports cases where a 
     smaller include region is within a prior exclude region.

   - made enhancement to ffgclb (read bytes) so that it can
     also read values from a logical column, returning an array
     of 1s and 0s.  

   - defined 2 new grouping error status values (349, 350) in 
     cfitsio.h and made minor changes to group.c to use these new
     status values.

   - modified fits_open_file so that if it encounters an error while
     trying to move to a user-specified extension (or select a subset
     of the rows in an input table, or make a histogram of the
     column values) it will close the input file instead of leaving
     it open.

   - when using the extended filename syntax to filter the rows in
     an input table, or create a histogram image from the values in
     a table column, CFITSIO now writes HISTORY keywords in the 
     output file to document the filtering expression that was used.

  Bug fixes:

   - ffdblk (called by ffdrow) could overwrite the last FITS block(s) in 
     the file in some cases where one writes data to a variable length
     column and then calls ffdrow to delete rows in the table.  This
     bug was similar to the ffiblk bug that was fixed in v2.033.

   - modified fits_write_col_null to fix a problem which under unusual
     circumstances would cause a End-of-File error when trying to
     read back the value in an ASCII string column, after initializing
     if by writing a null value to it. 

   - fixed obscure bug in the calculator function that caused an
     error when trying to modify the value of a keyword in a HDU
     that does not have a NAXIS2 keyword (e.g., a null primary array).

   - the iterator function (in putcol.c) had a bug when calculating
     the optimum number rows to process in the case where the table
     has very wide rows (>33120 bytes) and the calculator expression
     involves columns from more than one FITS table.  This could
     cause an infinite loop in calls to the ffcalc calculator function.

   - fixed bug in ffmvec, which modifies the length of an 
     existing vector column in a binary table.  If the vector
     was reduced in length, the FITS file could sometimes be left
     in a corrupted state, and in all cases the values in the remaining
     vector elements of that column would be altered.

   - in drvrfile.c, replaced calls to fsetpos and fgetpos with
     fseek and ftell (or fseeko and ftello) because the fpos_t
     filetype used in fsetpos is incompatible with the off_t
     filetype used in fseek, at least on some platforms (Linux 7.0).
     (This fix was inserted into the V2.201 release on April 4).

   - added "#define fits_write_pixnull ffppxn" to longnam.h

Version 2.201 - 15 March 2001

  Enhancements

   - enhanced the keyword reading routines so that they will do
     implicit datatype conversion from a string keyword value
     to a numeric keyword value, if the string consist of a
     valid number enclosed in quotes.  For example, the keyword
     mykey = '37.5' can be read by ffgkye.

   - modified ffiimg so that it is possible to insert a new
     primary array at the beginning of the file.  The original
     primary array is then converted into an IMAGE extension.

   - modified ffcpdt (copy data unit) to support the case where 
     the data unit is being copied between 2 HDUs in the same file.

   - enhanced the fits_read_pix and fits_read_pixnull routines so
     that they support the tiled image compression format that the
     other image reading routines also support.

   - modified the Extended File Name syntax to also accept a 
     minus sign (-) as well as an exclamation point (!) as
     the leading character when specifying a column or or keyword
     to be deleted, as in [col -time] will delete the TIME column.

   - now completely support reading subimages, including pixel
     increments in each dimension, for tile-compressed images
     (where the compressed image tiles are stored in a binary
      table).

  Bug fixes:

   - fixed confusion in the use of the fpos_t and off_t datatypes
     in the fgetpos and fsetpos routines in drvrfile.c which caused
     problems with the Windows VC++ compiler.  (fpos_t is not 
     necessarily identical to off_t)

   - fixed a typo in the fits_get_url function in group.c which 
     caused problems when determining the relative URL to a compressed
     FITS file.

   - included fitsio.h in the shared memory utility program,
     smem.c, in order to define OFF_T. 

   - fixed typo in the datatype of 'nullvalue' in ffgsvi, which caused
     attempts to read subsections of a short integer tiled compressed
     image to fail with a bus error.    

   - fixed bug in ffdkey which sometimes worked incorrectly if one 
     tried to delete a nonexistent keyword beyond the end of the header.

   - fixed problem in fits_select_image_section when it writes a dummy
     value to the last pixel of the section.  If the image contains
     scaled integer pixels, then in some cases the pixel value could end
     up out of range.

   - fixed obscure bug in the ffpcn_ family of routines which gave
     a floating exception when trying to write zero number of pixels to
     a zero length array  (why would anyone do this?)

Version 2.200 - 26 Jan 2001

  Enhancements

   - updated the region filtering code to support the latest region
     file formats that are generated by the POW, SAOtng and ds9
     programs.  Region positions may now be given in HH:MM:SS.s,
     DD:MM:SS.s format, and region sizes may be given arcsec or arcmin
     instead of only in pixel units.  Also changed the logic so that if
     multiple 'include' regions are specified in the region file, they
     are ORed together, instead of ANDed, so that the filtering keeps
     points that are located within any of the 'include' regions, not
     just the intersection of the regions.

   - added support for reading raw binary data arrays by converting
     them on the fly into virtual FITS files.

   - modified ffpmsg, which writes error messages to CFITSIO's internal
     error stack, so that messages > 80 characters long will be wrapped
     around into multiple 80 character messages, instead of just
     being truncated at 80 characters.

   - modified the CFITSIO parser so that expression which involve
     scaled integer columns get cast to double rather than int.

   - Modified the keyword template parsing routine, ffgthd, to
     support the HIERARCH keyword.

   - modified ffainit and ffbinit so that they don't unnecessarily
     allocate 0 bytes of memory if there are no columns (TFIELDS = 0)
     in the table that is being opened.

   - modified fitsio2.h to support NetBSD on Alpha OSF platforms
     (NetBSD does not define the '__unix__' symbol).

   - changed the way OFF_T is defined in fitsio.h for greater
     portability.

   - changed drvrsmem.c so it is compiled only when HAVE_SHMEM_SERVICES
     is defined in order to removed the conditional logic from the Makefile

   - reorganized the CFITSIO User's guide to make it
     clearer and easier for new users to learn the basic routines.

   - fixed ffhdef (which reserves space for more header keywords) so
     that is also updates the start position of the next HDU.  This
     affected the offset values returned by ffghof.

Version 2.100 - 18 Oct 2000

  Enhancements

   - made substantial modification to the code to support Large files,
     i.e., files larger than 2**31 bytes = 2.1GB.  FITS files up to
     6 terabytes in size may now be read and written on platforms
     that support Large files (currently only Solaris).

   - modified ffpcom and ffphis, which write COMMENT and HISTORY 
     keywords, respectively, so that they now use columns 9 - 80, 
     instead of only columns 11 - 80.  Previously, these routines
     avoided using columns 9 and 10, but this is was unnecessarily
     restrictive.

   - modified ffdhdu so that instead of refusing to delete the 
     primary array, it will replace the current primary array 
     with a null primary array containing the bare minimum of
     required keywords and no data.

  New Routines

   - fits_read_pix, fits_read_pixnull, fits_read_subset, and fits_write_pix
     routines were added to enable reading and writing of Large images,
     with more than 2.1e9 pixels.  These new routines are now recommended
     as the basic routines for reading and writing all images.

   - fits_get_hduoff returns the byte offset in the file to
     the start and end of the current HDU.  This routine replaces the
     now obsolete fits_get_hduaddr routine;  it uses 'off_t' instead of
     'long' as the datatype of the arguments and can support offsets
     in files greater than 2.1GB in size.

  Bug fixes:

   - fixed bug in fits_select_image_section that caused an integer
     overflow when reading very large image sections (bigger than
     8192 x 8192 4-byte pixels).

   - improved ffptbb, the low-level table writing routine, so that 
     it will insert additional rows in the table if the table is
     not already big enough.  Previously it would have just over-
     written any HDUs following the table in the FITS file.

   - fixed a bug in the  fits_write_col_bit/ffpclx routine which
     could not write to a bit 'X' column if that was the first column
     in the table to be written to.  This bug would not appear if
     any other datatype column was written to first.

   - non-sensible (but still formally legal) binary table TFORM values
     such as '8A15', or '1A8' or 'A8' would confuse CFITSIO and cause it
     to return a 308 error.  When parsing the TFORMn = 'rAw' value,
     the ffbnfm routine has been modified to ignore the 'w' value in cases 
     where w > r.

   - fixed bug in the blsearch routine in iraffits.c which sometimes
     caused an out-of-bounds string pointer to be returned when searching
     for blank space in the header just before the 'END' keyword.

   - fixed minor problem in ffgtcr in group.c, which sometimes failed
     while trying to move to the end of file before appending a
     grouping table.

   - on Solaris, with Sun CC 5.0, one must check for '__unix' rather
     than '__unix__' or 'unix' as it's symbol.  Needed to modify this
     in drvrfile.c in 3 places.

   - in ffextn, the FITS file would be left open if the named
     extension doesn't exist, thus preventing the file from being
     opened again later with write access.

   - fixed bug in ffiimg that would cause attempts to insert a new
     image extension following a table extension, and in front of any
     other type of extension, to fail.

Version 2.037 - 6 July 2000

  Enhancements

   - added support in the extended filename syntax for flipping
     an image along any axis either by specifying a starting 
     section pixel number greater than the ending pixel number,
     or by using '-*' to flip the whole axis.  Examples:
     "myfile.fits[1:100, 50:10]" or "myfile.fits[-*,*]".

   - when reading a section of an image with the extended filename
     syntax (e.g. image.fits[1:100:2, 1:100:2), any CDi_j WCS keywords
     will be updated if necessary to transfer the world coordinate
     system from the input image to the output image section.

   - on UNIX platforms, added support for filenames that begin
     with "~/" or "~user/".  The "~" symbol will get expanded
     into a string that gives the user's home directory.

   - changed the filename parser to support disk file names that
     begin with a minus sign.  Previously, the leading minus sign would
     cause CFITSIO to try to read/write the file from/to stdin/stdout.

   - modified the general fits_update_key routine, which writes
     or updates a keyword value, to use the 'G' display format
     instead of the 'E' format for floating point keyword values.
     This will eliminate trailing zeros from appearing in the value.

   - added support for the "-CAR" celestial coordinate projection
     in the ffwldp and ffxypx routines.  The "-CAR" projection is
     the default simplest possible linear projection.

   - added new fits_create_memfile/ffimem routine to create a new
     fits file at a designated memory location.

   - ported f77_wrap.h and f77_wrap1.c so that the Fortran interface
     wrappers work correctly on 64-bit SGI operating systems.  In this
     environment, C 'long's  are 8-bytes long, but Fortran 'integers'
     are still only 4-bytes long, so the words have to be converted
     by the wrappers.

   - minor modification to cfortran.h to automatically detect when it
     is running on a linux platform, and then define f2cFortran in that
     case.  This eliminates the need to define -Df2cFortran on the
     command line.

   - modified group.c to support multiple "/" characters in
     the path name of the file to be opened/created.

   - minor modifications to the parser (eval.y, eval_f.c, eval_y.c)
     to a) add the unary '+' operator, and b) support copying the
     TDIMn keyword from the input to the output image under certain
     circumstances.

   - modified the lexical parser in eval_l.y and eval_l.c to
     support #NULL and #SNULL constants which act to set the
     value to Null.  Support was also added for the C-conditional
     expression: 'Boolean ? trueVal : falseVal'.

   - small modification to eval_f.c to write an error message to
     the error stack if numerical overflow occurs when evaluating
     an expression.

   - configure and configure.in now support the egcs g77 compiler
     on Linux platforms.

  Bug fixes:

   - fixed a significant bug when using the extended filename binning
     syntax to generate a 2-dimensional image from a histogram of the
     values in 2 table columns.  This bug would cause table events that
     should have been located in the row just below the bottom row of
     the image (and thus should have been excluded from the histogram)
     to be instead added into the first row of the image.  Similarly,
     the first plane of a 3-D or 4-D data cube would include the events
     that should have been excluded as falling in the previous plane of
     the cube.

   - fixed minor bug when parsing an extended filename that contains
     nested pairs of square brackets (e.g., '[col newcol=oldcol[9]]').

   - fixed bug when reading unsigned integer values from a table or
     image with fits_read_col_uint/ffgcvuk.  This bug only occurred on
     systems like Digital Unix (now Tru64 Unix) in which 'long'
     integers are 8 bytes long, and only when reading more than 7200
     elements at a time.  This bug would generally cause the program to
     crash with a segmentation fault.

   - modified ffgcpr to update 'heapstart' as well as 'numrows' when
     writing more rows beyond the end of the table.  heapstart
     is needed to calculate if more space needs to be inserted in the
     table when inserting columns into the table.

   - modified fficls (insert column), ffmvec, ffdrow and ffdcol to 
     not use the value of the NAXIS2 keyword as the number of rows
     in the table, and instead use the value that is stored in
     an internal structure, because the keyword value may not
     be up to date.

   - Fixed bug in the iterator function that affected the handling
     of null values in string columns in ASCII and binary tables.

   - Reading a subsample of pixels in very large images, (e.g., 
     file = myfile.fits[1:10000:10,1:10000:10],  could cause a
     long integer overflow (value > 2**31) in the computation of the
     starting byte offset in the file, and cause a return error status
     = 304 (negative byte address).  This was fixed by changing the
     order of the arithmetic operations in calculating the value of
     'readptr' in the ffgcli, ffgclj, ffgcle, ffgcld, etc. routines.

   - In version 2.031, a fix to prevent compressed files from being
     opened with write privilege was implemented incorrectly.  The fix
     was intended to not allow a compressed FITS file to be opened
     except when a local uncompressed copy of the file is being
     produced (then the copy is opened with write access), but in fact
     the opposite behavior occurred:  Compressed files could be opened
     with write access, EXCEPT when a local copy is produced.   This
     has been fixed in the mem_compress_open and file_compress_open
     routines.

   - in iraffits.c, a global variable called 'val' caused multiply
     defined symbols warning when linking cfitsio and IRAF libraries.
     This was fixed by making 'val' a local variable within the
     routine.

Version 2.036 - 1 Feb 2000

   - added 2 new generic routines, ffgpf and ffgcf which are analogous
     to ffgpv and ffgcv but return an array of null flag values instead
     of setting null pixels to a reserved value.

   - minor change to eval_y.c and eval.y to "define alloca malloc"
     on all platforms, not just VMS.

   - added support for the unsigned int datatype (TUINT) in the
     generic ffuky routine and changed ffpky so that unsigned ints
     are cast to double instead of long before being written to 
     the header. 

   - modified ffs2c so that if a null string is given as input then
     a null FITS string (2 successive single quotes) will be returned.
     Previously this routine would just return a string with a single
     quote, which could cause an illegal keyword record to be written.

   - The file flush operation on Windows platforms apparently
     changes the internal file position pointer (!) in violation of the
     C standard.  Put a patch into the file_flush routine to explicitly
     seek back to the original file position.

   - changed the name of imcomp_get_compressed_image_parms to
     imcomp_get_compressed_image_par to not exceed the 31 character
     limit on some compilers.

   - modified the filename parser (which is used when moving to a
     named HDU) to support EXTNAME values which contain embedded blanks.

   - modified drvrnet.c to deal with ftp compressed files better so
     that even fits files returned from cgi queries which have the wrong
     mime types and/or wrong types of file names should still decompress.

   - modified ffgics to reduce the tolerance for acceptable skewness
     between the axes, and added a new warning return status = 
     APPROX_WCS_KEY in cases where there is significant skewness
     between the axes.

   - fixed bug in ffgics that affected cases where the first coordinate
     axis was DEC, not RA, and the image was a mirror image of the sky.

   - fixed bug in ffhist when trying to read the default binning
     factor keyword, TDBIN.

   - modified ffhist so that is correctly computes the rotation angle
     in a 2-D image if the first histogram column has a CROTA type
     keyword but the 2nd column does not.

   - modified ffcpcl so that it preserves the comment fields on the
     TTYPE and TFORM keywords when the column is copied to a new file.

   - make small change to configure.in to support FreeBSD Linux 
     by setting CFLAGS = -Df2cFortran instead of -Dg77Fortran. Then
     regenerated configure with autoconf 2.13 instead of 2.12.     

Version 2.035 - 7 Dec 1999 (internal release only, FTOOLS 5.0.2)

   - added new routine called fits_get_keyclass/ffgkcl that returns
     the general class of the keyword, e.g., required structural 
     keyword, WCS keyword, Comment keyword, etc.  15 classes of
     keywords have been defined in fitsio.h

   - added new routine called fits_get_img_parm/ffgipr that is similar
     to ffgphd but it only return the bitpix, naxis, and naxisn values.

   - added 3 new routines that support the long string keyword
     convention: fits_insert_key_longstr, fits_modify_key_longstr
     fits_update_key_longstr.

   - modified ffgphd which reads image header keywords to support
     the new experimental compressed image format.

   - when opening a .Z compressed file, CFITSIO tries to allocate
     memory equal to 3 times the file size, which may be excessive
     in some cases.  This was changed so that if the allocation fails,
     then CFITSIO will try again to allocate only enough memory
     equal to 1 times the file size.  More memory will be allocated
     later if this turns out to be too small.

   - improved the error checking in the fits_insert_key routine
     to check for illegal characters in the keyword.

Version 2.034 - 23 Nov 1999

   - enhanced support for the new 'CD' matrix world coordinate system
     keywords in the ffigics routine.  This routine has been enhanced
     to look for the new 'CD' keywords, if present, and convert them
     back to the old CDELTn and CROTAn values, which are then returned.  
     The routine will also swap the WCS parameters for the 2 axes if
     the declination-like axis is the first WCS axis.

   - modified ffphbn in putkey.c to support the 'U' and 'V" TFORM characters
     (which represent unsigned short and unsigned int columns) in variable
     length array columns.  (previously only supported these types in
     fixed length columns).

   - added checks when reading gzipped files to detect unexpected EOF.
     Previously, the 'inflate_codes' routine would just sit in an infinite 
     loop if the file ended unexpectedly.

   - modified fits_verify_chksum/ffvcks so that checksum keywords with
     a blank value string are treated as undefined, the same as
     if the keyword did not exist at all.

   - fixed ffghtb and ffghbn so that they return the extname value 
     in cases where there are no columns in the table.

   - fixed bug in the ffgtwcs routine (this is a little utility 
     routine to aid in interfacing to Doug Mink's WCS routines);
     it was not correctly padding the length of string-valued keywords
     in the returned string.

   - fixed bug in 'iraffits.c' that prevented Type-2 IRAF images from
     being correctly byte-swapped on PCs and DEC-OSF machines.

   - fixed tiny memory leak in irafncmp in iraffits.c.  Only relevant when
     reading IRAF .imh files.

   - fixed a bug (introduced in version 2.027) that caused the keyword
     reading routines to sometimes not find a matching keyword if the
     input name template used the '*' wildcard as the last character.
     (e.g., if input name = 'COMMENT*' then it would not find the
     'COMMENT' keywords.  (It would have found longer keywords like
     'COMMENTX' correctly). The fix required a minor change to ffgcrd
     in getkey.c

   - modified the routine (ffswap8) that does byteswapping of
     double precision numbers.  Some linux systems have reported floating
     point exceptions because they were trying to interpret the bytes
     as a double before the bytes had been swapped.

   - fixed bug in the calculation of the position of the last byte
     in the string of bits to be read in ffgcxuk and ffgcxui.  This
     bug generally caused no harm, but could cause the routine to
     exit with an invalid error message about trying to read
     beyond the size of the field.

   - If a unix machine did not have '__unix__', 'unix', or  '__unix'
     C preprocessor symbols defined, then CFITSIO would correctly open
     one FITS file, but would not correctly open subsequent files. Instead
     it would think that the same file was being opened multiple times.
     This problem has only been seen on an IBM/AIX machine. The fits_path2url
     and fits_url2path routines in group.c were modified to fix the problem.

   - fixed bug in group.c, which affected WINDOWS platforms only, that 
     caused programs to go into infinite loop when trying to open
     certain files.

   - the ftrsim Fortran wrapper routine to ffrsim was not defined
     correctly, which caused the naxis(2) value to be passed incorrectly
     on Dec OSF machines, where sizeof(long) != sizeof(int).

Version 2.033 - 17 Sept 1999

   - New Feature: enhanced the row selection parser so that comparisons
     between values in different rows of the table are allowed, and the
     string comparisons with <, >, <=, and >= are supported.

   - added new routine the returns the name of the keyword in the
     input keyword record string.  The name is usually the first
     8 characters of the record, except if the HIERARCH convention
     is being used in which case the name may be up to 67 characters
     long.

   - added new routine called fits_null_check/ffnchk that checks to
     see if the current header contains any null (ASCII 0) characters.
     These characters are illegal in FITS headers, but they go undetected
     by the other CFITSIO routines that read the header keywords.

   - the group.c file has been replaced with a new version as supplied
     by the ISDC.  The changes are mainly to support partial URLs and
     absolute URLs more robustly.  Host dependent directory paths are
     now converted to true URLs before being read from/written to
     grouping tables.

   - modified ffnmhd slightly so that it will move to the first extension
     in which either the EXTNAME or the HDUNAME keyword is equal to the
     user-specified name.  Previously, it only checked for HDUNAME if
     the EXTNAME keyword did not exist.

   - made small change to drvrnet.c so that it uncompress files 
     which end in .Z and .gz just as for ftp files.

   - rewrote ffcphd (copy header) to handle the case where the
     input and output HDU are in the same physical FITS file.

   - fixed bug in how long string keyword values (using the CONTINUE
     convention) were read.  If the string keyword value ended in an
     '&' character, then fits_read_key_longstr, fits_modify_key_str,
     and fits_delete_key would interpret the following keyword as
     a continuation, regardless of whether that keyword name was
     'CONTINUE' as required by this convention.  There was also a bug
     in that if the string keyword value was all blanks, then 
     fits_modify_key_str could in certain unusual cases think
     that the keyword ended in an '&' and go into an infinite loop.

   - modified ffgpv so that it calls the higher level ffgpv_ routine
     rather than directly calling the lower level ffgcl_ routine. This
     change is needed to eventually support reading compressed images.

   - added 3 new routines to get the image datatype, image dimensions,
     and image axes length.  These support the case where the image is
     compressed and stored in a binary table.

   - fixed bug in ffiblk that could sometimes cause it to insert a
     new block in a file somewhere in the middle of the data, instead
     of at the end of the HDU.  This fortunately is a rare problem,
     mainly only occurring in certain cases when  inserting rows in a binary 
     table that contains variable length array data (i.e., has a heap).

   - modified fits_write_tdim so that it double checks the TFORMn
     value directly if the column repeat count stored in the internal
     structure is not equal to the product of all the dimensions.

   - fixed bug that prevented ffitab or ffibin from inserting a new
     table after a null primary array (can't read NAXIS2 keyword).
     Required a small change to ffrdef.

   - modified testprog.c so that it will continue to run even if
     it cannot open or process the template file testprog.tpt.

   - modified the logic in lines 1182-1185 of grparser.c so that
     it returns the correct status value in case of an error.

   - added test in fitsio2.h to see if __sparcv9 is defined; this
     identifies a machine running Solaris 7 in 64-bit mode where
     long integers are 64 bits long.

Version 2.032 - 25 May 1999

   - the distribution .tar file was changed so that all the files
     will be untarred into a  subdirectory by default instead of
     into the current directory.

   - modified ffclos so that it always frees the space allocated by
     the fptr pointer, even when another fptr points to the same file.

   - plugged a potential (but rare in practice) memory leak in ffpinit

   - fixed bug in all the ffp3d_ and ffg3d_ routines in cases where
     the data cube that has been allocated in memory has more planes
     than the data cube in the FITS file.

   - modified drvrsmem.c so that it allocates a small shared
     memory segment only if CFITSIO tries to read or write a
     FITS file in shared memory.  Previously it always allocated
     the segment whether it was needed or not.  Also, this small
     segment is removed if 0 shared memory segments remain in 
     the system.

   - put "static" in front of 7 DECLARE macros in compress.c
     because these global variables were causing conflicts with other
     applications programs that had variables with the same names.

   - modified ffasfm to return datatype = TDOUBLE instead of TFLOAT
     if the ASCII table column has TFORMn = 'Ew.d' with d > 6.

   - modified the column reading routines to a) print out the offending
     entry if an error occurs when trying to read a numeric ASCII table
     column, and b) print out the column number that had the error
     (the messages are written to CFITSIOs error stack)

   - major updates to the Fortran FITSIO User's Guide to include many
     new functions that have been added to CFITSIO in the past year.

   - modified fitsio2.h so that the test for __D_FLOAT etc. is only
     made on Alpha VMS machines, to avoid syntax errors on some other
     platforms.

   - modified ffgthd so that it recognizes a floating point value
     that uses the 'd' or 'D' exponent character.

   - removed the range check in fftm2s that returned an error if
     'decimals' was less than zero.  A negative value is OK and is
     used to return only the date and not the time in the string.

Version 2.031 - 31 Mar 1999

   - moved the code that updates the NAXIS2 and PCOUNT keywords from
     ffchdu into the lower lever ffrdef routine.  This ensures that
     other routines which call ffrdef will correctly update these 2
     keywords if required.  Otherwise, for instance, calling 
     fits_write_checksum before closing the HDU could cause the NAXIS2
     keyword (number of rows in the table) to not be updated.

   - fixed bug (introduced in version 2.030) when writing null values
     to a primary array or image extension.  If trying to set more
     than 1 pixel to null at a time, then typically only 1 null would
     be written.  Also fixed related bug when writing null values to
     rows in a table that are beyond the currently defined size of the
     table (the size of the table was not being expanded properly).

   - enhanced the extended filename parser to support '*' in image
     section specifiers, to mean use the whole range of the axis.
     myfile.fits[*,1:100] means use the whole range of the first
     axis and pixels 1 to 100 in the second axis.  Also supports
     an increment, as in myfile.fits[*:2, *:2] to use just the
     odd numbered rows and columns.

   - modified fitscore.c to set the initial max size of the header, when
     first reading it, to the current size of the file, rather than to 
     2 x 10**9 to avoid rare cases where CFITSIO ends up writing a huge 
     file to disk.

   - modified file_compress_open so that it will not allow a compressed
     FITS file to be opened with write access.  Otherwise, a program
     could write to the temporary copy of the uncompressed file, but
     the modification would be lost when the program exits.

Version 2.030 - 24 Feb 1999

   - fixed bug in ffpclu when trying to write a null value to a row
     beyond the current size of the table (wouldn't append new rows
     like it should).

   - major new feature:  enhanced the routines that read ASCII string
     columns in tables so that they can read any table column, including
     logical and numeric valued columns.  The column values are returned
     as a formatted string.  The format is determined by the TDISPn
     keyword if present, otherwise a default format based on the
     datatype of the column is used.

  -  new routine:  fits_get_col_display_width/ffgcdw returns the length
     of the formatted strings that will be returned by the routines that
     read table columns as strings. 

   - major new feature:  added support for specifying an 'image section'
     when opening an image:  e.g,  myfile.fits[1:512:2,2:512:2] to 
     open a 256x256 pixel image consisting of the odd columns and the 
     even numbered rows of the input image.

   - added supporting project files and instructions for building 
     CFITSIO under Windows NT with the Microsoft Visual C++ compiler.

   - changed the variable 'template' to 'templt' in testprog.c since
     it conflicted with a reserved word on some compilers.

   - modified group.c to conditionally include sys/stat.h only on
     unix platforms

   - fixed bug in the ffiter iterator function that caused it to always
     pass 'firstn' = 1 to the work function when reading from the
     primary array or IMAGE extension. It worked correctly for tables.

   - fixed bug in the template header keyword parser (ffgthd) in cases
     where the input template line contains a logical valued keyword
     (T or F) without any following comment string.  It was previously
     interpreting this as a string-valued keyword.

   - modified ffrhdu that reads and opens a new HDU, so that it
     ignores any leading blank characters in the XTENSION name, e.g.,
     XTENSION= '  BINTABLE' will not cause any errors, even though
     this technically violates the FITS Standard.

   - modified ffgtbp that reads the required table keywords to make
     it more lenient and not exit with an error if the THEAP keyword
     in binary tables cannot be read as an integer.  Now it will
     simply ignore this keyword if it cannot be read.

   - added test for 'WIN32' as well as '__WIN32__' in fitsio2.h,
     eval.l and eval_l.c in a preprocessor statement.

   - changed definition of strcasecmp and strncasecmp in fitsio2.h,
     eval.l and eval_l.c to conform to the function prototypes under
     the Alpha VMS v7.1 compiler.

   - corrected the long function names in longnam.h for the new WCS 
     utility functions in wcssubs.c

Version 2.029 - 11 Feb 1999

   - fixed bug in the way NANs and underflows were being detected on
     VAX and Alpha VMS machines.

   - enhanced the filename parser to distinguish between a VMS-style
     directory name (e.g.  disk:[directory]myfile.fits) and a CFITSIO
     filter specifier at the end of the name.

   - modified ffgthd to support the HIERARCH convention for keyword
     names that are longer than 8 characters or contain characters
     that would be illegal in standard FITS keyword names.

   - modified the include statements in grparser.c so that malloc.h 
     and memory.h are only included on the few platforms that really
     need them.

   - modified the file_read routine in drvrfile.c to ignore the last
     record in the FITS file it it only contains a single character that
     is equal to 0, 10 or 32.  Text editors sometimes append a character
     like this to the end of the file, so CFITSIO will ignore it and
     treat it as if it had reached the end of file.

   - minor modifications to fitsio.h to help support the ROOT environment.

   - installed new version of group.c and group.h; the main change
     is to support relative paths (e.g.  "../filename") in the URLs

   - modified the histogramming routines so that it looks for the
     default preferred column axes in a keyword of the form
     CPREF = 'Xcol, Ycol'
     instead of separate keywords of the form
     CPREF1 = 'Xcol'
     CPREF2 = 'Ycol'

   - fixed bug so that if the binning spec is just a single integer,
     as in  [bin 4] then this will be interpreted as meaning to make
     a 2D histogram using the preferred or default axes, with the
     integer taken as the binning factor in both axes.

Version 2.028 - 27 Jan 1999

   - if the TNULLn keyword value was outside the range of a 'I' or 'B'
     column, an overflow would occur when setting the short or char 
     to the TNULLn value, leading to incorrect values being flagged as
     being undefined.  This has been fixed so that CFITSIO will ignore
     TNULLn values that are beyond the range of the column data type.

   - changed a few instances of the string {"\0"} to {'\0'} in the
     file groups.c

   - installed new version of the grparser.c file from the ISDC

   - added new WCS support routines (in wcssub.c) which make it easier
     to call Doug Mink's WCSlib routines for converting between plate
     and sky coordinates.   The CFITSIO routines themselves never
     call a WCSlib routine, so CFITSIO is not dependent on WCSlib.

   - modified  ffopen so that if you use the extended filename
     syntax to both select rows in a table and then bin columns into
     a histogram, then CFITSIO will simply construct an array listing
     the good row numbers to be used when making the histogram,
     instead of making a whole new temporary FITS file containing
     the selected rows.

   - modified ffgphd which parses the primary array header keywords
     when opening a file, to not choke on minor format errors in 
     optional keywords.  Otherwise, this prevents CFITSIO from
     even opening the file.

   - changed a few more variable declarations in compress.c from global
     to static.

Version 2.027 - 12 Jan 1999

   - modified the usage of the output filename specifier so that it,
       a) gives the name of the binned image, if specified, else,
       b) gives the name of column filtered and/or row filtered table, if 
          specified, else
       c) is the name for a local copy of the ftp or http file, else,
       d) is the name for the local uncompressed version of the compressed
          FITS file, else,
       e) the output filename is ignored.

   - fixed minor bug in ffcmps, when comparing 2 strings while using
     a '*' wild card character.

   - fixed bug in ftgthd that affected cases where the template string
     started with a minus sign and contained 2 tokens (to rename a
     keyword).

   - added support for the HIERARCH keyword convention for reading 
     and writing keywords longer than 8 characters or that contain
     ASCII characters not allowed in normal FITS keywords. 

   - modified the extended filename syntax to support opening images
     that are contained in a single cell of a binary table with syntax:
     filename.fits[extname; col_name(row_expression)]

Version 2.026 - 23 Dec 1998

   - modified the group parser to:
     a) support CFITSIO_INCLUDE_FILES environment variable, which can
     point to the location of template files, and, 
     b) the FITS file parameter passed to the parser no longer has to point
     to an empty file.  If there are already HDUs in the file, then the
     parser appends new HDUs to the end of the file.

   - make a small change to the drvrnet.c file to accommodate creating
     a static version of the CFITSIO library.

   - added 2 new routines to read consecutive bits as an unsigned integer 
     from a Bit 'X' or Byte 'B' column (ffgcxui and ffgcxuk).

   - modified the logic for determining histogram boundaries in ffhisto
     to add one more bin by default, to catch values that are right on
     the upper boundary of the histogram, or are in the last partial bin.

   - modified cfitsio2.h to support the new Solaris 7 64-bit mode operating
     system.

   - Add utility routine, CFits2Unit, to the Fortran wrappers which searches
     the gFitsFiles array for a fptr, returning its element (Fortran unit
     number), or allocating a new element if one doesn't already
     exists... for C calling Fortran calling CFITSIO.

   - modified configure so that it does not use the compiler optimizer
     when using gcc 2.8.x on Linux

   - (re)added the fitsio.* documentation files that describe the
     Fortran-callable FITSIO interface to the C routines.

   - modified the lexical parser in eval_f.c to fix bug in null detections
     and bug in ffsrow when nrows = 0.

   - modified ffcalc so that it creates a TNULLn keyword if appropriate 
     when a new column is created.  Also fixed detection of OVERFLOWs
     so that it ignores null values.

   - added hyperbolic trig and rounding functions to
     the lexical parser in the eval* files.

   - improved error message that gets written when the group number is
     out of range when reading a 'random groups' array.

   - added description of shared memory, grouping, and template parsing
     error messages to ffgerr and to the User's Guide.  Moved the error
     code definitions from drvsmem.h to fitsio.h.

   - modified grparser.c to compile correctly on Alpha/OSF machines

   - modified drvrnet.c to eliminate compiler warnings

   - Modified Makefile.in to include targets for building all the sample
     programs that are included with CFITSIO.

Version 2.025 - 1 Dec 1998

   - modified ffgphd and ffgtbp so that they ignores BLANK and TNULLn keywords
     that  do not have a valid integer value.  Also, any error while reading
     the BSCALE, BZERO, TSCALn, or TZEROn keywords will be ignored.  
     Previously, CFITSIO would have simply refused to read an HDU that had 
     such an invalid keyword.

   - modified the parser in eval_f.c to accept out of order times in GTIs

   - updated cfitsio_mac.sit.hqx to fix bad target parameters for Mac's
     speed test program

   - modified template parser in grparser.c to: 1) not write GRPNAME keyword
     twice, and 2) assign correct value for EXTVERS keyword.

   - fixed minor bugs in group.c; mainly would only affect users of the
     INTEGRAL Data Access Layer.

   - temporarily removed the prototype for ffiwcs from fitsio.h until
     full WCS support is added to CFITSIO in the near future.

   - modified the HTTP driver to send a User-Agent string:
     HEASARC/CFITSIO/

   - declared local variables in compress.c as 'static' to avoid
     conflicts with other libraries.

Version 2.024 - 9 Nov 1998

   - added new function fits_url_type which returns the driver prefix string
     associated with a particular FITS file pointer.

Version 2.023 - 1 Nov 1998 - first full release of CFITSIO 2.0

   - slightly modified the way real keyword values are formatted, to ensure
     that it includes a decimal point.  E.g.,  '1.0E-09' instead of '1E-09'

   - added new function to support template files when creating new FITS files.

   - support the TCROTn WCS keyword in tables, when reading the WCS keywords.

   - modified the iterator to support null values in logical columns in
     binary tables.

   - fixed bug in iterator to support null values in integer columns in
     ASCII tables.

   - changed the values for FLOATNULLVALUE and DOUBLENULLVALUE to make them
     less likely to duplicate actual values in the data.

   - fixed major bug when freeing memory in the iterator function.  It caused
     mysterious crashes on a few platforms, but had no effect on most others.

   - added support for reading IRAF format image (.imh files)

   - added more error checking to return an error if the size of the FITS
     file exceeds the largest value of a long integer (2.1 GB on 32-bit
     platforms).

   - CFITSIO now will automatically insert space for additional table rows
     or add space to the data heap, if one writes beyond the current end
     of the table or heap.  This prevents any HDUs which might follow
     the current HDU from being overwritten.  It is thus no longer necessary
     to explicitly call fits_insert_rows before writing new rows of data
     to the FITS file.

   - CFITSIO now automatically keeps track of the number of rows that have
     been written to a FITS table, and updates the NAXIS2 keyword accordingly
     when the table is closed.  It is no longer necessary for the application
     program to updated NAXIS2.  

   - When reading from a FITS table, CFITSIO will now return an error if the
     application tries to read beyond the end of the table. 

   - added 2 routines to get the number of rows or columns in a table.

   - improved the undocumented feature that allows a '20A' column to be
     read as though it were a '20B' column by fits_read_col_byt.  

   - added overflow error checking when reading keywords.  Previously, the
     returned value could be silently truncated to the maximum allowed value
     for that data type.  Now an error status is returned whenever an 
     overflow occurs.

   - added new set of routines dealing with hierarchical groups of files.
     These were provided by Don Jennings of the INTEGRAL Science Data Center.

   - added new URL parsing routines.

   - changed the calling sequence to ffghad (get HDU address) from
     ffghad(fitsfile *fptr, > long *headstart, long *dataend) to
     ffghad(fitsfile *fptr, > long *headstart, long datastart, 
            long *dataend, int *status) 

   - major modification to support opening the same FITS file more
     than once.  Now one can open the same file multiple times and
     read and write simultaneously to different HDUs within the file.
     fits_open_file automatically detects if the file is already opened.

   - added the ability to clobber/overwrite an existing file
     with the same name when creating a new output file.  Just
     precede the output file name with '!' (an exclamation mark)

   - changed the ffpdat routine which writes the DATE keyword
     to use the new 'YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss' format.

   - added several new routines to create or parse the new date/time
     format string.

   - changed ifdef for DECFortran in f77_wrap.h and f77_wrap1.c:
     expanded to recognize Linux/Alpha

   - added new lexical parsing routines (from Peter Wilson):
     eval_l.c, eval_y.c, eval_f.c, eval_defs.h, and eval_tab.h.
     These are used when doing on-the-fly table row selections.

   - added new family of routines to support reading and writing
     'unsigned int' data type values in keywords, images or tables.

   - restructured all the putcol and getcol routines to provide
     simpler and more robust support for machines which have
     sizeof(long) = 8.  Defined a new datatype INT32BIT which is
     always 32 bits long (platform independent) and is used internally
     in CFITSIO when reading or writing BITPIX = 32 images or 'J'
     columns.  This eliminated the need for specialize routines like
     ffswaplong, ffunswaplong, and ffpacklong.

   - overhauled cfileio.c (and other files) to use loadable drivers for
     doing data I/O to different devices.  Now CFITSIO support network 
     access to ftp:// and http:// files, and to shared memory files.

   - removed the ffsmem routine and replaced it with ffomem.  This will
     only affect software that reads an existing file in core memory.
     (written there by some other process).

   - modified all the ffgkn[] routines (get an array of keywords) so
     that the 'nfound' parameter is = the number of keywords returned,
     not the highest index value on the returned keywords.  This makes
     no difference if the starting index value to look for = 1.
     This change is not backward compatible with previous versions
     of CFITSIO, but is the way that FITSIO behaved.

   - added new error code = 1 for any application error external
     to CFITSIO.  Also reports "unknown error status" if the
     value doesn't match a known CFITSIO error.

Version 1.42 - 30 April 1998 (included in FTOOLS 4.1 release)

   - modified the routines which read a FITS float values into
     a float array, or read FITS double values into a double array,
     so that the array value is also explicitly set in addition
     to setting the array of flag values, if the FITS value is a NaN.
     This ensures that no NaN values get passed back to the calling
     program, which can cause serious problems on some platforms (OSF).

   - added calls to ffrdef at the beginning of the insert
     or delete rows or columns routines in editcol.c to make sure
     that CFITSIO has correctly initialized the HDU information.

   - added new routine ffdrws to delete a list of rows in a table

   - added ffcphd to copy the header keywords from one hdu to another

   - made the anynul parameter in the ffgcl* routines optional
     by first checking to see if the pointer is not null before
     initializing it.

   - modified ffbinit and ffainit to ignore minor format
     errors in header keywords so that cfitsio can at least
     move to an extension that contains illegal keywords.

   - modified all the ffgcl* routines to simply return without
     error if nelem = 0.

   - added check to ffclose to check the validity of the fitsfile
     pointer before closing it.  This should prevent program crashes
     when someone tries to close the same file more than once.

   - replaced calls to strcmp and strncmp with macros FSTRCMP and
     FSTRNCMP in a few places to improve performance when reading
     header keywords (suggested by Mike Noble)

  Bug Fixes:

   - fixed typo in macro definition of error 504 in the file fitsio.h.

   - in ffopen, reserved space for 4 more characters in the input
     file name in case a '.zip' suffix needs to be added.

   - small changes to ffpclx to fix problems when writing bit (X) data
     columns beyond the current end of file.

   - fixed small bug in ffcrhd where a dummy pointer was not initialized

   - initialized the dummy variable in ffgcfe and ffgcfd which
     was causing crashes under OSF in some cases.

   - increased the length of the allocated string ffgkls by 2
     to support the case of reading a numeric keyword as a string
     which doesn't have the enclosing quote characters.

Version 1.4 - 6 Feb 1998 

   - major restructuring of the CFITSIO User's Guide

   - added the new 'iterator' function.  The fortran wrapper is
     in f77_iter.c for now.

   - enhanced ffcrtb so that it writes a dummy primary array
     if none currently exists before appending the table.

   - removed the ffgcl routine and replaced it with ffgcvl 

   - modified ffpcnl to just take a single input null value instead
     of an entire array of null value flags.

   - modified ffcmps and ffgnxk so that, for example, the string 'rate' 
     is not considered a match to the string 'rate2', and 'rate*'
     is a match to the string 'rate'.

   - modified ffgrsz to also work with images, in which case
     it returns the optimum number of pixels to process at
     one time.

   - modified ffgthd to support null valued keywords

   - added a new source file 'f77_wrap.c' that includes all the
     Fortran77 wrapper routines for calling CFITSIO.  This will
     eventually replace the Fortran FITSIO library.

   - added new routines:
     ffppn - generic write primary array with null values
     ffpprn - write null values to primary array

     ffuky - 'update' a keyword value, with any specified datatype.

     ffrprt - write out report of error status and error messages
     ffiter - apply a user function iteratively to all the rows of a table
     ffpkyc - write complex-valued keyword
     ffpkym - write double complex-valued keyword
     ffpkfc - write complex-valued keyword in fixed format
     ffpkfm - write double complex-valued keyword in fixed format

     ffgkyc - read complex-valued keyword
     ffgkym - read double complex-valued keyword

     ffmkyc - modify complex-valued keyword
     ffmkym - modify double complex-valued keyword
     ffmkfc - modify complex-valued keyword in fixed format
     ffmkfm - modify double complex-valued keyword in fixed format

     ffukyc - update complex-valued keyword
     ffukym - update double complex-valued keyword
     ffukfc - update complex-valued keyword in fixed format
     ffukfm - update double complex-valued keyword in fixed format

     ffikyc - insert complex-valued keyword
     ffikym - insert double complex-valued keyword
     ffikfc - insert complex-valued keyword in fixed format
     ffikfm - insert double complex-valued keyword in fixed format

     ffpktp - write or modify keywords using ASCII template file
     ffcpcl - copy a column from one table to another
     ffcpky - copy an indexed keyword from one HDU to another
     ffpcnl - write logical values, including nulls, to binary table
     ffpcns - write string values,  including nulls, to table
     ffmnhd - move to HDU with given exttype, EXTNAME and EXTVERS values
     ffthdu - return the total number of HDUs in the file
     ffghdt - return the type of the  CHDU
     ffflnm - return the name of the open FITS file
     ffflmd - return the mode of the file (READONLY or READWRITE)

   - modified ffmahd and ffmrhd (to move to a new extension) so that
     a null pointer may be given for the returned HDUTYPE argument.

   - worked around a bug in the Mac CWpro2 compiler by changing all
     the statements like "#if BYTESWAPPED == TRUE" to "if BYTESWAPPED".

   - modified ffitab (insert new ASCII table) to allow tables with
     zero number of columns

   - modified Makefile.in and configure to define the -Dg77Fortran
     CFLAGS variable on Linux platforms.  This is needed to 
     compile the new f77_wrap.c file (which includes cfortran.h)

  Bug Fixes:

   - fixed small bug in ffgrz (get optimum row size) which sometimes
     caused it to return slightly less than the maximum optimum size.
     This bug would have done no harm to application programs.

   - fixed bug in ffpclk and ffgclk to add an 'else' case
     if size of int is not equal to size of short or size of long.

   - added test to ffgkls to check if the input string is not null before
     allocating memory for it.

Version 1.32 - 21 November 1997 (internal release only)

   - fixed bug in the memory deallocation (free) statements
     in the ffopen routine in the cfileio.c file.

   - modified ffgphd to tolerate minor violations of the FITS 
     standard in the format of the XTENSION = 'IMAGE   '
     keyword when reading FITS files.  Extra trailing spaces
     are now allowed in the keyword value.  (FITS standard
     will be changed so that this is not a violation).

Version 1.31 - 4 November 1997 (internal release only)

  Enhancements:

   - added support for directly reading compressed FITS files
     by copying the algorithms from the gzip program. This 
     supports the Unix compress, gzip and pkzip algorithms.

   - modified ffiimg, ffitab, and ffibin (insert HDUs into
     a FITS file) so that if the inserted HDU is at the end of
     the FITS file, then it simply appends a new empty HDU
     and writes the required keywords.  This allows space
     to be reserved for additional keywords in the header
     if desired.

   - added the ffchfl and ffcdfl routines to check the header and
     data fill values, for compatibility with the Fortran FITSIO
     library.

   - added the ffgsdt routine to return the system date
     for compatibility with the Fortran FITSIO library.

   - added a diagnostic error message (written to the error stack)
     if the routines that read data from image or column fail.

   - modified ffgclb so that it simply copies the bytes from 
     an ASCII 'nA' or 'An' format column into the user's byte
     array.  Previously, CFITSIO would return an error when 
     trying to read an 'A' column with ffgclb.

   - modified ffpclb so that it simply copies the input array 
     of bytes to an ASCII 'nA' or 'An' format column.
     Previously, CFITSIO would return an error when 
     trying to write to an 'A' column with ffpclb.

  Bug Fixes:

   - ffgkls was allocating one too few bytes when reading continued
     string keyword values. 

   - in testprog.c added code to properly free the memory that
     had been allocated for string arrays.

   - corrected typographical errors in the User's Guide.

Version 1.30 - 11 September 1997

   - major overhaul to support reading and writing FITS files
     in memory.   The new routines fits_set_mem_buff and 
     fits_write_mem_buff have been added to initialize and
     copy out the memory buffer, respectively.

   - added support for reading FITS files piped in on 'stdin'
     and piped out on 'stdout'.  Just specify the file name as '-'
     when opening or creating the FITS file.

   - added support for 64-bit SGI IRIX machines.  This required
     adding routines to pack and unpack 32-bit integers into
     64-bit integers.

   - cleaned up the code that supports G_FLOAT and IEEE_FLOAT
     on Alpha VMS systems.  Now, the type of float is determined
     at compile time, not run time.

  Bug Fixes:

   - replaced the malloc calls in the error message stack routines
     with a static fixed size array.  The malloc's cause more
     problems than they solved, and were prone to cause memory
     leaks if users don't clear the error message stack when
     closing the FITS file.

   - when writing float or double keywords, test that the value
     is not a special IEEE value such as a NaN.  Some
     compilers would write the string 'NaN' in this case into
     the output value string.

   - fixed bug in ffiblk, to ignore EOF status return if it is
     inserting blocks at the end of the file.

   - removed the 'l' from printf format string that is constructed
     in the ffcfmt routine.  This 'l' is non-standard and causes problems
     with the Metrowerks compiler on a Mac.

   - the default null value in images was mistakenly being set
     equal to NO_NULL = 314, rather than NULL_UNDEFINED = 1234554321
     in the ffgphd routine.

   - check status value in ffgkls to make sure the keyword exists
     before allocating memory for the value string.

   - fixed the support for writing and reading unsigned long integer
     keyword values in ffpky and ffgky by internally treating
     the values as doubles.  This required changes to ffc2r and
     ffc2d as well.

   - added explicit cast to 'double' in one place in putcolb.c and
     6 places in pubcolui.c, to get rid of warning messages issued
     by one compiler.

   - in ffbinit and ffainit, it is necessary to test that tfield > 0
     before trying to allocate memory with calloc.  Otherwise, some
     compilers return a null pointer which CFITSIO interprets to 
     mean the memory allocation failed.

   - had to explicitly cast the null buffer pointer to a char
     pointer (cptr = (char *)buffer;) in 4 places in the buffers.c
     file to satisfy a picky C++ compiler.

   - changed the test for an ALPHA VMS system to see if
     '__VMS' is defined, rather than 'VMS'.  The latter
     is not defined by at least one C++ compiler.

   - modified ffpcls so that it can write a null string to
     a variable length string column, without going into
     an infinite loop.

   - fixed bug in ffgcfl that caused the 'next' variable to be
     incremented twice.

   - fixed bug in ffgcpr that caused it write 2x the number of
     complex elements into the descriptor when writing to
     a complex or double complex variable length array column.

   - added call to ffrdef at the end of ffrsim to ensure that
     the internal structures are updated to correspond to the
     modified header keywords

Version 1.25 - 7 July 1997

   - improved the efficiency of the ffiblk routine, when inserting
     more than one block into the file.

   - fixed bug in ffwend that in rare instances caused the beginning
     of the following extension to be overwritten by blank fill.

   - added new routine to modify the size of an existing primary
     array or image extension: fits_resize_img/ffrsim.

   - added support for null-valued keywords, e.g., keywords that
     have no defined value.  These keywords have an equal sign and
     space in columns 9-10, but have not value string.  Example:
     KEYNAME =                      / null-valued keyword
     Support for this feature required the following changes:
       - modified ffpsvc to return a null value string without error
       - modified ffc2[ilrd] to return error VALUE_UNDEFINED in this case
       - modified ffgkn[sljed] to continue reading additional keywords
         even if one or more keywords have undefined values.
       - added 4 new routines:  ffpkyu, ffikyu, ffmkyu, ffukyu to
         write, insert, modify, or update an undefined keyword

   - a new makefile.os2 file was added, for building CFITSIO
     on OS/2 systems.

   - modified ffgtkn so that if it finds an unexpected keyword
     name, the returned error status = BAD_ORDER instead of
     NOT_POS_INT.

   - added 2 new routines, fits_write_key_unit/ffpunt and
     fits_read_key_unit/ffgunt to write/read the physical
     units of a keyword value.  These routines use a local
     FITS convention for storing the units in square brackets
     following the '/' comment field separator, as in:
     VELOCITY=                   12 / [km/s] orbit speed 
     The testprog.c program was modified to test these
     new routines.

   - in the test of Alpha OSF/1 machines in fitsio2.h,
     change 'defined(unix)' to 'defined(__unix__)' which
     appears to be a more robust test.

   - remove test for linux environment variable from fitsio2.h

Version 1.24 - 2 May 1997

   - fixed bug in ffpbyt that incorrectly computed the current
     location in the FITS file when writing > 10000 bytes.

   - changed the datatype of the 'nbytes' parameter in ffpbyt 
     from 'int' to 'long'.   Made corresponding datatype change
     to some internal variables in ffshft.

   - changed '(unsigned short *)' to '(short *)' in getcolui.c, and
     changed '(unsigned long *)'  to '(long *)'  in getcoluj.c, to
     work around problem with the VAX/VMS cc compiler.

Version 1.23 - 24 April 1997

   - modified ffcins and ffdins (in editcol.c) to simply return 
     without error if there are no (zero) rows in the table.

Version 1.22 - 18 April 1997

   - fixed bug in ffgcpr that caused it to think that all values were
     undefined in ASCII tables columns that have TNULLn = '        '
     (i.e., the TNULLn keyword value is a string of blanks.

   - fixed bug in the ffgcl[bdeijk,ui,uj] family of routines
     when parsing a numeric value in an ASCII table.  The
     returned values would have the decimal place shifted to
     the left if the table field contained an explicit decimal
     point followed by blanks.  Example:  in an F5.2 column,
     the value '16.  ' would be returned as 0.16.  If the
     trailing zeros were present, then cfitsio returned the
     correct value (e.g.,  '16.00' returns 16.).

   - fixed another bug in the ffgcl[bdeijk,ui,uj] family of routines
     that caused them to misread values in an ASCII table in rows
     following an undefined value when all the values were read
     at once in a single call to the routine.

Version 1.21 - 26 March 1997

   - added general support for reading and writing unsigned integer
     keywords, images, and binary table column values.

   - fixed bug in the way the column number was used in ffgsve and
     similar routines.  This bug caused cfitsio to read (colnum - 1)
     rather than the desired column.

   - fixed a bug in ftgkls that prevented it from reading more than one
     continuation line of a long string keyword value.

   - fixed the definition of fits_write_longwarn in longnam.h

Version 1.20 - 29 Jan 1997

   - when creating a binary table with variable length vector columns, if the
     calling routine does not specify a value for the maximum length of
     the vector (e.g.,  TFORMn = '1PE(400)')  then cfitsio will automatically
     calculate the maximum value and append it to the TFORM value
     when the binary table is first closed.

   - added the set of routines to do coordinate system transformations

   - added support for wildcards ('*', '?', and '#') in the input
     keyword name when reading, modifying, or deleting keywords.

   - added new general keyword reading routine, ffgnxk, to return
     the next keyword whose name matches a list of template names,
     but does not match any names on a second template list.

   - modified ftgrec so that it simply moves to the beginning
     of the header if the input keyword number = 0

   - added check in ffdelt to make sure the input fits file pointer is
     not already null

   - added check in ffcopy to make sure the output HDU does not
     already contain any keywords (it must be empty).

   - modified ffgcls so that it does not test if each string column
     value equals the null string value if the null string value
     is longer than the width of the column.

   - fixed bug in ftgtdm that caused it to fail if the TDIMn 
     keyword did not exist in the FITS file

   - modified testprog.c to include tests of keyword wildcards
     and the WCS coordinate transformation routines.

   - added a test for 'EMX' in fitsio2.h so that cfitsio builds 
     correctly on a PC running OS/2.

Version 1.11 - 04 Dec 1996

   - modified the testprog.c program that is included with the
     distribution, so that the output FITS file is identical to
     that produced by the Fortran FITSIO test program.

   - changed all instances of the 'extname' variable to 'extnm'
     to avoid a conflict with the -Dextname switch in cfortran.h
     on HP machines.

   - in all the routines like ffi4fi1, which convert an array
     of values to integers just prior to writing them to the FITS
     file, the integer value is now rounded to the nearest integer
     rather than truncated. (ffi4fi1, ffi4fi2, ffi4fi4, etc)

   - changed ffgcfl (and hence ffgcl) so that the input value
     of the logical array element is not changed if the corresponding
     FITS value is undefined.

   - in ffgacl, the returned value of TBCOL was off by 1 (too small)

   - fixed the comment of EXTNAME keyword to read 'binary table'
     instead of 'ASCII table' in the header of binary tables.

Version 1.101 - 17 Nov 1996

   - Made major I/O efficiency improvements by adding internal buffers
     rather than directly reading or writing to disk.  Access to 
     columns in binary tables is now 50 - 150 times faster.  Access to
     FITS image is also slightly faster.

   - made significant speed improvements when reading numerical data
     in FITS ASCII tables by writing my own number parsing routines
     rather than using the sscanf C library routine.  This change
     requires that the -lm argument now be included when linking
     a program that calls cfitsio (under UNIX).

   - regrouped the source files into logically related sets of routines.
     The Makefile now runs much faster since every single routine is
     not split into a separate file.

   - now use the memcpy function, rather than a 'for' loop in several
     places for added efficiency

   - redesigned the low-level binary table read and write routines
     (ffpbytoff and ffgbytoff) for greater efficiency.

   - added a new error status: 103 = too many open FITS files.

   - added a 'extern "C"' statement around the function prototypes
     in fitsio.h, to support use of cfitsio by C++ compilers.

   - fixed routines for writing or reading fixed-length substrings
     within a binary table ASCII column, with TFORM values of
     of the form 'rAw' where 'r' is the total width of the ASCII
     column and 'w' is the width of a substring within the column.

   - no longer automatically rewrite the END card and following fill
     values if they are already correct.

   - all the 'get keyword value and comment' routines have been changed 
     so that the comment is not returned if the input pointer is NULL.

   - added new routine to return the optimum number of tables rows
     that should be read or written at one time for optimum efficiency.

   - modified the way numerical values in ASCII tables are parsed so
     that embedded spaces in the value are ignored, and implicit
     decimal points are now supported.   (e.g, the string '123E 12'
     in a 'E10.2' format column will be interpreted as 1.23 * 10**12).

   - modified ffpcl and ffgcl to support binary table columns of
     all datatype (added logical, bit, complex, and double complex)

   - when writing numerical data to ASCII table columns, the ffpcl_
     routines now return an overflow error if a value is too large
     to be expressed in the column format.

   - closed small memory leak in ffpcls.

   - initialized the 'incre' variable in ffgcpr to eliminate compiler warning.

Version 1.04 - 17 Sept 1996

   - added README.MacOS and cfitsio_mac.sit.hqx to the distribution
     to support the Mac platforms.

   - fixed bug in ffpdfl that caused an EOF error (107) when a program
     creates a new extension that is an exact multiple of 2880 bytes long,
     AND the program does not write a value to the last element
     in the table or image.

   - fixed bug in all the ffgsf* and ffgcv* routines which caused
     core dumps when reading null values in a table.

Version 1.03 - 20 August 1996

   - added full support for reading and writing the C 'int'
     data type.  This was a problem on Alpha/OSF where short,
     int, and long datatypes are 2, 4, and 8 bytes long, respectively.

   - cleaned up the code in the byte-swapping routines.

   - renamed the file 'longname.h' to 'longnam.h' to avoid conflict
     with a file with the same name in another unrelated package.

Version 1.02 - 15 August 1996

   - ffgtbp was not correctly reading the THEAP keyword, hence would
     not correctly read variable length data in binary tables if
     the heap was not at the default starting location (i.e., 
     starting immediately after the fixed length table).

   - now force the cbuff variable in ffpcl_ and ffgcl_ to be
     aligned on a double word boundary.  Non-alignment can
     cause program to crash on some systems.

Version 1.01 - 12 August 1996

   - initial public release
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cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMBX12
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMBX12 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:34:54
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMBX12) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Bold) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMBX12 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 75 /K put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 103 /g put
dup 105 /i put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-53 -251 1139 750}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMTT10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMTT10 1.00B
%%CreationDate: 1992 Apr 26 10:42:42
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.00B) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMTT10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch true def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMTT10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 34 /quotedbl put
dup 35 /numbersign put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 37 /percent put
dup 38 /ampersand put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 40 /parenleft put
dup 41 /parenright put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 43 /plus put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 59 /semicolon put
dup 60 /less put
dup 61 /equal put
dup 62 /greater put
dup 63 /question put
dup 64 /at put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 74 /J put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 81 /Q put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 90 /Z put
dup 91 /bracketleft put
dup 92 /backslash put
dup 93 /bracketright put
dup 94 /asciicircum put
dup 95 /underscore put
dup 96 /quoteleft put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
dup 123 /braceleft put
dup 124 /bar put
dup 125 /braceright put
dup 126 /asciitilde put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-4 -235 731 800}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMR9
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR9 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:39:59
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMR9) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMR9 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 44 /comma put
dup 65 /A put
dup 67 /C put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 78 /N put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 97 /a put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 108 /l put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 114 /r put
dup 116 /t put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-39 -250 1036 750}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSY6
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSY6 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 15 07:21:34
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMSY6) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.035 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMSY6 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 3 /asteriskmath put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-4 -948 1329 786}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMR10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR10 1.00B
%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:52
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.00B) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMR10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMR10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 11 /ff put
dup 12 /fi put
dup 13 /fl put
dup 14 /ffi put
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 34 /quotedblright put
dup 35 /numbersign put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 38 /ampersand put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 40 /parenleft put
dup 41 /parenright put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 43 /plus put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 59 /semicolon put
dup 61 /equal put
dup 63 /question put
dup 64 /at put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 74 /J put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 90 /Z put
dup 91 /bracketleft put
dup 92 /quotedblleft put
dup 93 /bracketright put
dup 96 /quoteleft put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
dup 123 /endash put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-251 -250 1009 969}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMBX10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMBX10 1.00B
%%CreationDate: 1992 Feb 19 19:54:06
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.00B) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMBX10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Bold) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMBX10 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 46 /period put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 73 /I put
dup 75 /K put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 105 /i put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-301 -250 1164 946}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSY8
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMSY8 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 15 07:22:10
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMSY8) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.035 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMSY8 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 3 /asteriskmath put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-30 -955 1185 779}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMR12
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR12 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:38:05
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMR12) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMR12 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 48 /zero put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 74 /J put
dup 80 /P put
dup 87 /W put
dup 97 /a put
dup 99 /c put
dup 101 /e put
dup 105 /i put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 114 /r put
dup 117 /u put
dup 121 /y put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-34 -251 988 750}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMR17
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.1: CMR17 1.0
%%CreationDate: 1991 Aug 20 16:38:24
% Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved.
11 dict begin
/FontInfo 7 dict dup begin
/version (1.0) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright (C) 1997 American Mathematical Society. All Rights Reserved) readonly def
/FullName (CMR17) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
end readonly def
/FontName /CMR17 def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0] readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 67 /C put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 73 /I put
dup 79 /O put
dup 81 /Q put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 97 /a put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 105 /i put
dup 107 /k put
dup 114 /r put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
readonly def
/FontBBox{-33 -250 945 749}readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMMI10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMMI10 003.002
%%Title: CMMI10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMMI10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMMI10 known{/CMMI10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5087385 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMMI10 def
/FontBBox {-32 -250 1048 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 10 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMMI10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMMI10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
/ascent 750 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 62 /greater put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSY10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMSY10 003.002
%%Title: CMSY10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMSY10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMSY10 known{/CMSY10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5096651 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMSY10 def
/FontBBox {-29 -960 1116 775 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMSY10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMSY10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 2 /multiply put
dup 15 /bullet put
dup 102 /braceleft put
dup 103 /braceright put
dup 106 /bar put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMBX12
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMBX12 003.002
%%Title: CMBX12
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMBX12.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMBX12 known{/CMBX12 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000769 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMBX12 def
/FontBBox {-53 -251 1139 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMBX12.) readonly def
/FullName (CMBX12) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Bold) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 11 /ff put
dup 12 /fi put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 40 /parenleft put
dup 41 /parenright put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMTT10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMTT10 003.002
%%Title: CMTT10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMTT10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMTT10 known{/CMTT10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000832 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMTT10 def
/FontBBox {-4 -233 537 696 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMTT10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMTT10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch true def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 34 /quotedbl put
dup 35 /numbersign put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 37 /percent put
dup 38 /ampersand put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 40 /parenleft put
dup 41 /parenright put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 43 /plus put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 59 /semicolon put
dup 60 /less put
dup 61 /equal put
dup 62 /greater put
dup 63 /question put
dup 64 /at put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 74 /J put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 81 /Q put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 90 /Z put
dup 91 /bracketleft put
dup 92 /backslash put
dup 93 /bracketright put
dup 94 /asciicircum put
dup 95 /underscore put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
dup 123 /braceleft put
dup 124 /bar put
dup 125 /braceright put
dup 126 /asciitilde put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSL10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMSL10 003.002
%%Title: CMSL10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMSL10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMSL10 known{/CMSL10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000798 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMSL10 def
/FontBBox {-62 -250 1123 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMSL10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMSL10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -9.46 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
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dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
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dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 90 /Z put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMBX10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMBX10 003.002
%%Title: CMBX10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMBX10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMBX10 known{/CMBX10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000768 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMBX10 def
/FontBBox {-56 -250 1164 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMBX10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMBX10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Bold) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 12 /fi put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 63 /question put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 76 /L put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 87 /W put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMR10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMR10 003.002
%%Title: CMR10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMR10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMR10 known{/CMR10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000793 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMR10 def
/FontBBox {-40 -250 1009 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMR10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMR10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 11 /ff put
dup 12 /fi put
dup 13 /fl put
dup 14 /ffi put
dup 15 /ffl put
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 34 /quotedblright put
dup 35 /numbersign put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 37 /percent put
dup 38 /ampersand put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 40 /parenleft put
dup 41 /parenright put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 43 /plus put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 59 /semicolon put
dup 61 /equal put
dup 63 /question put
dup 64 /at put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 74 /J put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 81 /Q put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 90 /Z put
dup 91 /bracketleft put
dup 92 /quotedblleft put
dup 93 /bracketright put
dup 94 /circumflex put
dup 96 /quoteleft put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
dup 123 /endash put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMR12
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMR12 003.002
%%Title: CMR12
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMR12.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMR12 known{/CMR12 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000794 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMR12 def
/FontBBox {-34 -251 988 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMR12.) readonly def
/FullName (CMR12) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 46 /period put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 74 /J put
dup 86 /V put
dup 101 /e put
dup 105 /i put
dup 108 /l put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 117 /u put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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y(b)s(etter)31 b(h)m(uman)e(readabilit)m(y\).)95 4779
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b(The)32 b(format-)227 5601 y(ted)i(string)g(ma)m(y)g(then)f(b)s(e)g
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2114 5601 V 33 w(record,)h(\013mcrd,)f(or)g(\014ts)p
3007 5601 V 32 w(delete)p 3270 5601 V 34 w(k)m(ey)h(routines)e(to)227
5714 y(app)s(end)c(or)h(mo)s(dify)g(a)h(FITS)e(header)h(record.)p
eop end
%%Page: 73 81
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(CARD)h(string)g(is)g(formatted)g(accordingly)-8 b(.)47
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g(then)e(the)g(en)m(tire)i(c)m(haracter)g(string)227
2814 y(m)m(ust)31 b(b)s(e)e(enclosed)i(in)f(single)h(quotes.)0
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eop end
%%Page: 74 82
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end
%%Page: 75 83
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%%Page: 182 190
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%%Trailer

userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if
%%EOF
cfitsio-4.3.1/docs/fitsio.tex0000644000225700000360000126531314456514035015436 0ustar  cagordonlhea\documentclass[11pt]{book}
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 FITSIO Home
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\begin{document}
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\begin{titlepage}
\normalsize
\vspace*{4.6cm}
\begin{center}
{\Huge \bf FITSIO User's Guide}\\
\end{center}
\medskip 
\medskip
\begin{center}
{\LARGE \bf A Subroutine Interface to FITS Format Files}\\
\end{center}
\begin{center}
{\LARGE \bf for Fortran Programmers}\\
\end{center}
\medskip
\medskip
\begin{center}
{\Large Version 4.3\\}
\end{center}
\bigskip
\vskip 2.5cm
\begin{center}
{HEASARC\\
Code 662\\
Goddard Space Flight Center\\
Greenbelt, MD 20771\\
USA}
\end{center}

\vfill
\bigskip
\begin{center}
{\Large Jul 2023\\}
\end{center}
\vfill
\end{titlepage}

\clearpage

\tableofcontents

\chapter{Introduction }
\pagenumbering{arabic}

This document describes the Fortran-callable subroutine interface that
is provided as part of the CFITSIO library (which is written in ANSI
C).  This is a companion document to the CFITSIO User's Guide which
should be consulted for further information about the underlying
CFITSIO library.  In the remainder of this document, the terms FITSIO
and CFITSIO are interchangeable and refer to the same library.

FITSIO/CFITSIO is a machine-independent library of routines for reading
and writing data files in the FITS (Flexible Image Transport System)
data format.  It can also read IRAF format image files and raw binary
data arrays by converting them on the fly into a virtual FITS format
file.  This library was written to provide a powerful yet simple
interface for accessing FITS files which will run on most commonly used
computers and workstations. FITSIO supports all the features described
in the official definition of the FITS format and can read and
write all the currently defined types of extensions, including ASCII
tables (TABLE), Binary tables (BINTABLE) and IMAGE extensions. The
FITSIO subroutines insulate the programmer from having to deal with the
complicated formatting details in the FITS file, however, it is assumed
that users have a general knowledge about the structure and usage of
FITS files.

The CFITSIO package was initially developed by the HEASARC (High Energy
Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center) at the NASA Goddard Space
Flight Center to convert various existing and newly acquired
astronomical data sets into FITS format and to further analyze data
already in FITS format.  New features continue to be added to CFITSIO
in large part due to contributions of ideas or actual code from users
of the package.  The Integral Science Data Center in Switzerland, and
the XMM/ESTEC project in The Netherlands made especially significant
contributions that resulted in many of the new features that appeared
in v2.0 of CFITSIO.

The latest version of the CFITSIO source code, documentation, and
example programs are available on the World-Wide Web or via anonymous
ftp from:

\begin{verbatim}
        http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/fitsio
        ftp://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/software/fitsio/c
\end{verbatim}
\newpage
Any questions, bug reports, or suggested enhancements related to the CFITSIO
package should be sent to the FTOOLS Help Desk at the HEASARC:

\begin{verbatim}
        http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/ftoolshelp
\end{verbatim}

This User's Guide assumes that readers already have a general
understanding of the definition and structure of FITS format files.
Further information about FITS formats is available from the FITS Support
Office at {\tt http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov}.  In particular, the
'FITS Standard' gives the authoritative definition of the FITS data
format.  Other documents available at that Web site
provide additional historical background
and practical advice on using FITS files.

The HEASARC also provides a very sophisticated FITS file analysis
program called `Fv' which can be used to display and edit the contents
of any FITS file as well as construct new FITS files from scratch.
Fv is freely available for
most Unix platforms, Mac PCs, and Windows PCs.
CFITSIO users may also be interested in the FTOOLS package of programs
that can be used to manipulate and analyze FITS format files.
Fv and FTOOLS are available from their respective Web sites at:

\begin{verbatim}
        http://fv.gsfc.nasa.gov
        http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ftools
\end{verbatim}


\chapter{ Creating FITSIO/CFITSIO }


\section{Building the Library}

To use the FITSIO subroutines one must first build the CFITSIO library,
which requires a C compiler. gcc is ideal, or most other ANSI-C
compilers will also work.  The CFITSIO code is contained in about 40 C
source files (*.c) and header files (*.h). On VAX/VMS systems 2
assembly-code files (vmsieeed.mar and vmsieeer.mar) are also needed.

The Fortran interface subroutines to the C CFITSIO routines are located
in the f77\_wrap1.c, through f77\_wrap4.c files.  These are relatively simple
'wrappers' that translate the arguments in the Fortran subroutine into
the appropriate format for the corresponding C routine.  This
translation is performed transparently to the user by a set of C macros
located in the cfortran.h file.  Unfortunately cfortran.h does not
support every combination of C and Fortran compilers so the Fortran
interface is not supported on all platforms. (see further notes below).

A standard combination of C and Fortran compilers will be assumed by
default, but one may also specify a particular Fortran compiler by
doing:

\begin{verbatim}
 >  setenv CFLAGS -DcompilerName=1
\end{verbatim}
(where 'compilerName' is the name of the compiler) before running
the configure command.  The currently recognized compiler
names are:

\begin{verbatim}
 g77Fortran
 IBMR2Fortran
 CLIPPERFortran
 pgiFortran
 NAGf90Fortran
 f2cFortran
 hpuxFortran
 apolloFortran
 sunFortran
 CRAYFortran
 mipsFortran
 DECFortran
 vmsFortran
 CONVEXFortran
 PowerStationFortran
 AbsoftUNIXFortran
 AbsoftProFortran
 SXFortran
\end{verbatim}
Alternatively, one may edit the CFLAGS line in the Makefile to add the
'-DcompilerName' flag after running the './configure' command.

The CFITSIO library is built on Unix systems by typing:

\begin{verbatim}
 >  ./configure [--prefix=/target/installation/path]
                [--enable-sse2] [--enable-ssse3]
 >  make          (or  'make shared')
 >  make install  (this step is optional)
\end{verbatim}
at the operating system prompt.  The configure command customizes the
Makefile for the particular system, then the `make' command compiles the
source files and builds the library.  Type `./configure' and not simply
`configure' to ensure that the configure script in the current directory
is run and not some other system-wide configure script.  The optional
'prefix' argument to configure gives the path to the directory where
the CFITSIO library and include files should be installed via the later
'make install' command. For example,

\begin{verbatim}
   > ./configure --prefix=/usr1/local
\end{verbatim}
will cause the 'make install' command to copy the CFITSIO libcfitsio file
to /usr1/local/lib and the necessary include files to /usr1/local/include
(assuming of course that the  process has permission to write to these
directories).

The optional --enable-sse2 and --enable-ssse3 flags will cause configure to
attempt to build CFITSIO using faster byte-swapping algorithms.
See the "Optimizing Programs" section of this manual for
more information about these options.

By default, the Makefile will be configured to build the set of Fortran-callable
wrapper routines whose calling sequences are described later in this
document.

The 'make shared' option builds a shared or dynamic version of the
CFITSIO library.  When using the shared library the executable code is
not copied into your program at link time and instead the program
locates the necessary library code at run time, normally through
LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH or some other method. The advantages of using a shared
library are:

\begin{verbatim}
   1.  Less disk space if you build more than 1 program
   2.  Less memory if more than one copy of a program using the shared
       library is running at the same time since the system is smart
       enough to share copies of the shared library at run time.
   3.  Possibly easier maintenance since a new version of the shared
       library can be installed without relinking all the software
       that uses it (as long as the subroutine names and calling
       sequences remain unchanged).
   4.  No run-time penalty.
\end{verbatim}
The disadvantages are:

\begin{verbatim}
   1. More hassle at runtime.  You have to either build the programs
      specially or have LD_LIBRARY_PATH set right.
   2. There may be a slight start up penalty, depending on where you are
      reading the shared library and the program from and if your CPU is
      either really slow or really heavily loaded.
\end{verbatim}

On HP/UX systems, the environment variable CFLAGS should be set
to -Ae before running configure to enable "extended ANSI" features.

It may not be possible to statically link programs that use CFITSIO on
some platforms (namely, on Solaris 2.6) due to the network drivers
(which provide FTP and HTTP access to FITS files).  It is possible to
make both a dynamic and a static version of the CFITSIO library, but
network file access will not be possible using the static version.

On VAX/VMS and ALPHA/VMS systems the make\_gfloat.com command file may
be executed to build the cfitsio.olb object library using the default
G-floating point option for double variables.  The make\_dfloat.com and
make\_ieee.com files may be used instead to build the library with the
other floating point options. Note that the getcwd function that is
used in the group.c module may require that programs using CFITSIO be
linked with the ALPHA\$LIBRARY:VAXCRTL.OLB library.  See the example
link line in the next section of this document.

On Windows IBM-PC type platforms the situation is more complicated
because of the wide variety of Fortran compilers that are available and
because of the inherent complexities of calling the CFITSIO C routines
from Fortran.  Two different versions of the CFITSIO dll library are
available, compiled with the Borland C++ compiler and the Microsoft
Visual C++ compiler, respectively, in the files
cfitsiodll\_2xxx\_borland.zip and cfitsiodll\_3xxx\_vcc.zip, where
'3xxx' represents the current release number.  Both these dll libraries
contain a set of Fortran wrapper routines which may be compatible with
some, but probably not all, available Fortran compilers.  To test if
they are compatible, compile the program testf77.f and try linking to
these dll libraries.  If these libraries do not work with a particular
Fortran compiler, then it may be necessary to modify the file
"cfortran.h" to support that particular
combination of C and Fortran compilers, and then rebuild the CFITSIO
dll library.  This will require, however, some expertise in
mixed language programming.

CFITSIO should be compatible with most current ANCI C and C++ compilers:
Cray supercomputers are currently not supported.


\section{Testing the Library}

The CFITSIO library should be tested by building and running
the testprog.c program that is included with the release.
On Unix systems type:

\begin{verbatim}
    % make testprog
    % testprog > testprog.lis
    % diff testprog.lis testprog.out
    % cmp testprog.fit testprog.std
\end{verbatim}
 On VMS systems,
(assuming cc is the name of the C compiler command), type:

\begin{verbatim}
    $ cc testprog.c
    $ link testprog, cfitsio/lib, alpha$library:vaxcrtl/lib
    $ run testprog
\end{verbatim}
The testprog program should produce a FITS file called `testprog.fit'
that is identical to the `testprog.std' FITS file included with this
release.  The diagnostic messages (which were piped to the file
testprog.lis in the Unix example) should be identical to the listing
contained in the file testprog.out.  The 'diff' and 'cmp' commands
shown above should not report any differences in the files.  (There
may be some minor formatting differences, such as the presence or
absence of leading zeros, or 3 digit exponents in numbers,
which can be ignored).

The Fortran wrappers in CFITSIO may be tested with the testf77
program.  On Unix systems the Fortran compiler is typically
called 'gfortran'.
-

\begin{verbatim}
   % gfortran -o testf77 testf77.f -L. -lcfitsio -lz -lcurl
   % testf77 > testf77.lis
   % diff testf77.lis testf77.out
   % cmp testf77.fit testf77.std
\end{verbatim}
On machines running SUN O/S, Fortran programs must be compiled with the
'-f' option to force double precision variables to be aligned on 8-byte
boundaries to make the fortran-declared variables compatible with C.  A
similar compiler option may be required on other platforms.  Failing to
use this option may cause the program to crash on FITSIO routines that
read or write double precision variables.

On Windows platforms, linking Fortran programs with a C library
often depends on the particular compilers involved.  Some users have
found the following commands work when using the Intel Fortran compiler:

\begin{verbatim}
ifort /libs.dll cfitsio.lib /MD testf77.f /Gm

or possibly,

ifort /libs:dll cfitsio.lib /MD /fpp /extfpp:cfortran.h,fitsio.h
    /iface:cvf testf77.f
\end{verbatim}
Also note that on some systems the output listing of the testf77
program may differ slightly from the testf77.std template if leading
zeros are not printed by default before the decimal point when using F
format.

A few other utility  programs are included with CFITSIO:

\begin{verbatim}
    speed - measures the maximum throughput (in MB per second)
              for writing and reading FITS files with CFITSIO

    listhead - lists all the header keywords in any FITS file

    fitscopy - copies any FITS file (especially useful in conjunction
                 with the CFITSIO's extended input filename syntax)

    cookbook - a sample program that performs common read and
                 write operations on a FITS file.

    iter_a, iter_b, iter_c - examples of the CFITSIO iterator routine
\end{verbatim}

The first 4 of these utility programs can be compiled and linked by typing

\begin{verbatim}
   %  make program_name
\end{verbatim}


\section{Linking Programs with FITSIO}

When linking applications software with the FITSIO library, several system libraries usually need to be specified on the link comman
Unix systems, the most reliable way to determine what libraries are required
is to type 'make testprog' and see what libraries the configure script has
added.  The typical libraries that may need to be added are -lm (the math
library) and -lnsl and -lsocket (needed only for FTP and HTTP file access).
These latter 2 libraries are not needed on VMS and Windows platforms,
because FTP file access is not currently supported on those platforms.

Note that when upgrading to a newer version of CFITSIO it is usually
necessary to recompile, as well as relink, the programs that use CFITSIO,
because the definitions in fitsio.h often change.


\section{Getting Started with FITSIO}

In order to effectively use the FITSIO library as quickly as possible,
it is recommended that new users follow these steps:

1.  Read the following `FITS Primer' chapter for a brief
overview of the structure of FITS files.  This is especially important
for users who have not previously dealt with the FITS table and image
extensions.

2.  Write a simple program to read or write a FITS file using the Basic
Interface routines.

3.  Refer to the cookbook.f program that is included with this release
for examples of routines that perform various common FITS file
operations.

4. Read Chapters 4 and 5 to become familiar with the conventions and
advanced features of the FITSIO interface.

5.  Scan through the more extensive set of routines that are provided
in the `Advanced Interface'.  These routines perform more specialized
functions than are provided by the Basic Interface routines.


\section{Example Program}

The following listing shows an example of how to use the FITSIO
routines in a Fortran program.  Refer to the cookbook.f program that
is included with the FITSIO distribution for examples of other
FITS programs.

\begin{verbatim}
      program writeimage

C     Create a FITS primary array containing a 2-D image

      integer status,unit,blocksize,bitpix,naxis,naxes(2)
      integer i,j,group,fpixel,nelements,array(300,200)
      character filename*80
      logical simple,extend

      status=0
C     Name of the FITS file to be created:
      filename='ATESTFILE.FITS'

C     Get an unused Logical Unit Number to use to create the FITS file
      call ftgiou(unit,status)

C     create the new empty FITS file
      blocksize=1
      call ftinit(unit,filename,blocksize,status)

C     initialize parameters about the FITS image (300 x 200 16-bit integers)
      simple=.true.
      bitpix=16
      naxis=2
      naxes(1)=300
      naxes(2)=200
      extend=.true.

C     write the required header keywords
      call ftphpr(unit,simple,bitpix,naxis,naxes,0,1,extend,status)

C     initialize the values in the image with a linear ramp function
      do j=1,naxes(2)
          do i=1,naxes(1)
              array(i,j)=i+j
          end do
      end do

C     write the array to the FITS file
      group=1
      fpixel=1
      nelements=naxes(1)*naxes(2)
      call ftpprj(unit,group,fpixel,nelements,array,status)

C     write another optional keyword to the header
      call ftpkyj(unit,'EXPOSURE',1500,'Total Exposure Time',status)

C     close the file and free the unit number
      call ftclos(unit, status)
      call ftfiou(unit, status)
      end
\end{verbatim}


\section{Legal Stuff}

Copyright (Unpublished--all rights reserved under the copyright laws of
the United States), U.S. Government as represented by the Administrator
of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.  No copyright is
claimed in the United States under Title 17, U.S. Code.

Permission to freely use, copy, modify, and distribute this software
and its documentation without fee is hereby granted, provided that this
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty appears in all copies.

DISCLAIMER:

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS' WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EITHER EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
ANY WARRANTY THAT THE SOFTWARE WILL CONFORM TO SPECIFICATIONS, ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE, AND FREEDOM FROM INFRINGEMENT, AND ANY WARRANTY THAT THE
DOCUMENTATION WILL CONFORM TO THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY WARRANTY THAT THE
SOFTWARE WILL BE ERROR FREE.  IN NO EVENT SHALL NASA BE LIABLE FOR ANY
DAMAGES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, ARISING OUT OF, RESULTING FROM, OR IN ANY WAY
CONNECTED WITH THIS SOFTWARE, WHETHER OR NOT BASED UPON WARRANTY,
CONTRACT, TORT , OR OTHERWISE, WHETHER OR NOT INJURY WAS SUSTAINED BY
PERSONS OR PROPERTY OR OTHERWISE, AND WHETHER OR NOT LOSS WAS SUSTAINED
FROM, OR AROSE OUT OF THE RESULTS OF, OR USE OF, THE SOFTWARE OR
SERVICES PROVIDED HEREUNDER."


\section{Acknowledgments}

The development of many of the powerful features in CFITSIO was made
possible through collaborations with many people or organizations from
around the world.  The following, in particular, have made especially
significant contributions:

Programmers from the Integral Science Data Center, Switzerland (namely,
Jurek Borkowski, Bruce O'Neel, and Don Jennings), designed the concept
for the plug-in I/O drivers that was introduced with CFITSIO 2.0.  The
use of `drivers' greatly simplified  the low-level I/O, which in turn
made other new features in CFITSIO (e.g., support for compressed FITS
files and support for IRAF format image files) much easier to
implement.  Jurek Borkowski wrote the Shared Memory driver, and Bruce
O'Neel wrote the drivers for accessing FITS files over the network
using the FTP, HTTP, and ROOT protocols.

The ISDC also provided the template parsing routines (written by Jurek
Borkowski) and the hierarchical grouping routines (written by Don
Jennings).  The ISDC DAL (Data Access Layer) routines are layered on
top of CFITSIO and make extensive use of these features.

Uwe Lammers (XMM/ESA/ESTEC, The Netherlands) designed the
high-performance lexical parsing algorithm that is used to do
on-the-fly filtering of FITS tables.  This algorithm essentially
pre-compiles the user-supplied selection expression into a form that
can be rapidly evaluated for each row.  Peter Wilson (RSTX, NASA/GSFC)
then wrote the parsing routines used by CFITSIO based on Lammers'
design, combined with other techniques such as the CFITSIO iterator
routine to further enhance the data processing throughput.  This effort
also benefited from a much earlier lexical parsing routine that was
developed by Kent Blackburn (NASA/GSFC). More recently, Craig Markwardt
(NASA/GSFC) implemented additional functions (median, average, stddev)
and other enhancements to the lexical parser.

The CFITSIO iterator function is loosely based on similar ideas
developed for the XMM Data Access Layer.

Peter Wilson (RSTX, NASA/GSFC) wrote the complete set of
Fortran-callable wrappers for all the CFITSIO routines, which in turn
rely on the CFORTRAN macro developed by Burkhard Burow.

The syntax used by CFITSIO for filtering or binning input FITS files is
based on ideas developed for the AXAF Science Center Data Model by
Jonathan McDowell, Antonella Fruscione, Aneta Siemiginowska and Bill
Joye. See http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/journal/axaf7.html for
further description of the AXAF Data Model.

The file decompression code were taken directly from the gzip (GNU zip)
program developed by Jean-loup Gailly and others.

Doug Mink, SAO, provided the routines for converting IRAF format
images into FITS format.

Martin Reinecke (Max Planck Institute, Garching)) provided the modifications to
cfortran.h that are necessary to support 64-bit integer values when calling
C routines from fortran programs.  The cfortran.h macros were originally developed
by Burkhard Burow (CERN).

Julian Taylor (ESO, Garching) provided the fast byte-swapping algorithms
that use the SSE2 and SSSE3 machine instructions available on x86\_64 CPUs.

In addition, many other people have made valuable contributions to the
development of CFITSIO.  These include (with apologies to others that may
have inadvertently been omitted):

Steve Allen, Carl Akerlof, Keith Arnaud, Morten Krabbe Barfoed, Kent
Blackburn, G Bodammer, Romke Bontekoe, Lucio Chiappetti, Keith Costorf,
Robin Corbet, John Davis,  Richard Fink, Ning Gan, Emily Greene, Joe
Harrington, Cheng Ho, Phil Hodge, Jim Ingham, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Diab
Jerius, Mark Levine, Todd Karakaskian, Edward King, Scott Koch,  Claire
Larkin, Rob Managan, Eric Mandel, John Mattox, Carsten Meyer, Emi
Miyata, Stefan Mochnacki, Mike Noble, Oliver Oberdorf, Clive Page,
Arvind Parmar, Jeff Pedelty, Tim Pearson, Maren Purves, Scott Randall,
Chris Rogers, Arnold Rots, Barry Schlesinger, Robin Stebbins, Andrew
Szymkowiak, Allyn Tennant, Peter Teuben, James Theiler, Doug Tody,
Shiro Ueno, Steve Walton, Archie Warnock, Alan Watson, Dan Whipple, Wim
Wimmers, Peter Young, Jianjun Xu, and Nelson Zarate.


\chapter{  A FITS Primer }

This section gives a brief overview of the structure of FITS files.
Users should refer to the documentation available from the FITS Support Office, as
described in the introduction, for more detailed information on FITS
formats.

FITS was first developed in the late 1970's as a standard data
interchange format between various astronomical observatories.  Since
then FITS has become the defacto standard data format supported by most
astronomical data analysis software packages.

A FITS file consists of one or more Header + Data Units (HDUs), where
the first HDU is called the `Primary HDU', or `Primary Array'.  The
primary array contains an N-dimensional array of pixels, such as a 1-D
spectrum, a 2-D image, or a 3-D data cube.  Six different primary
datatypes are supported: Unsigned 8-bit bytes, 16, 32, and 64-bit signed
integers, and 32 and 64-bit floating point reals.  FITS also has a
convention for storing unsigned integers (see the later
section entitled `Unsigned Integers' for more details). The primary HDU
may also consist of only a header with a null array containing no
data pixels.

Any number of additional HDUs may follow the primary array; these
additional HDUs are called FITS `extensions'.  There are currently 3
types of extensions defined by the FITS standard:

\begin{itemize}
\item
  Image Extension - a N-dimensional array of pixels, like in a primary array
\item
  ASCII Table Extension - rows and columns of data in ASCII character format
\item
  Binary Table Extension - rows and columns of data in binary representation
\end{itemize}

In each case the HDU consists of an ASCII Header Unit followed by an optional
Data Unit.  For historical reasons, each Header or Data unit must be an
exact multiple of 2880 8-bit bytes long.  Any unused space is padded
with fill characters (ASCII blanks or zeros).

Each Header Unit consists of any number of 80-character keyword records
or `card images' which have the general form:

\begin{verbatim}
  KEYNAME = value / comment string
  NULLKEY =       / comment: This keyword has no value
\end{verbatim}
The keyword names may be up to 8 characters long and can only contain
uppercase letters, the digits 0-9, the hyphen, and the underscore
character. The keyword name is (usually) followed by an equals sign and
a space character (= ) in columns 9 - 10 of the record, followed by the
value of the keyword which may be either an integer, a floating point
number, a character string (enclosed in single quotes), or a boolean
value (the letter T or F).   A keyword may also have a null or undefined
value if there is no specified value string, as in the second example.

The last keyword in the header is always the `END' keyword which has no
value or comment fields. There are many rules governing the exact
format of a keyword record (see the FITS Standard) so it is better
to rely on standard interface software like FITSIO to correctly
construct or to parse the keyword records rather than try to deal
directly with the raw FITS formats.

Each Header Unit begins with a series of required keywords which depend
on the type of HDU.  These required keywords specify the size and
format of the following Data Unit.  The header may contain other
optional keywords to describe other aspects of the data, such as the
units or scaling values.  Other COMMENT or HISTORY keywords are also
frequently added to further document the data file.

The optional Data Unit immediately follows the last 2880-byte block in
the Header Unit.  Some HDUs do not have a Data Unit and only consist of
the Header Unit.

If there is more than one HDU in the FITS file, then the Header Unit of
the next HDU immediately follows the last 2880-byte block of the
previous Data Unit (or Header Unit if there is no Data Unit).

The main required keywords in FITS primary arrays or image extensions are:
\begin{itemize}
\item
BITPIX -- defines the datatype of the array: 8, 16, 32, 64, -32, -64 for
unsigned 8--bit byte, 16--bit signed integer, 32--bit signed integer,
64--bit signed integer,
32--bit IEEE floating point, and 64--bit IEEE double precision floating
point, respectively.
\item
NAXIS --  the number of dimensions in the array, usually 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.
\item
NAXISn -- (n ranges from 1 to NAXIS) defines the size of each dimension.
\end{itemize}

FITS tables start with the keyword XTENSION = `TABLE' (for ASCII
tables) or XTENSION = `BINTABLE' (for binary tables) and have the
following main keywords:
\begin{itemize}
\item
TFIELDS -- number of fields or columns in the table
\item
NAXIS2 -- number of rows in the table
\item
TTYPEn -- for each column (n ranges from 1 to TFIELDS) gives the
name of the column
\item
TFORMn -- the datatype of the column
\item
TUNITn -- the physical units of the column (optional)
\end{itemize}

Users should refer to the FITS Support Office at {\tt http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov}
for further information about the FITS format and related software
packages.



\chapter{FITSIO Conventions and Guidelines }


\section{CFITSIO Size Limitations}

CFITSIO places few restrictions on the size of FITS files that it
reads or writes.  There are a few limits, however, which may affect
some extreme cases:

1.  The maximum number of FITS files that may be simultaneously opened by
CFITSIO is set by NMAXFILES, as defined in fitsio2.h.  The current default
value is 1000, but this may be increased if necessary. Note that CFITSIO
allocates NIOBUF * 2880 bytes of I/O buffer space for each file that is
opened.  The default value of NIOBUF is 40 (defined in fitsio.h), so this
amounts to  more than 115K of memory  for each opened file (or 115 MB for
1000 opened files).  Note that the underlying  operating system, may have a
lower limit on the number of files that can be opened simultaneously.

2.  By default, CFITSIO can handle FITS files up to 2.1 GB in size (2**31
bytes).  This file size limit is often imposed by 32-bit operating
systems.  More recently, as 64-bit operating systems become more common, an
industry-wide standard (at least on Unix systems) has been developed to
support larger sized files (see http://ftp.sas.com/standards/large.file/).
Starting with version 2.1 of CFITSIO, larger FITS files up to 6 terabytes
in size may be read and written on supported platforms.  In order
to support these larger files, CFITSIO must be compiled with the
'-D\_LARGEFILE\_SOURCE' and `-D\_FILE\_OFFSET\_BITS=64' compiler flags.
Some platforms may also require the `-D\_LARGE\_FILES' compiler flag.
 This causes the compiler to allocate 8-bytes instead of
4-bytes for the `off\_t' datatype which is used to store file offset
positions.  It appears that in most cases it is not necessary to
also include these compiler flags when compiling programs that link to
the CFITSIO library.

If CFITSIO is compiled with the -D\_LARGEFILE\_SOURCE
and -D\_FILE\_OFFSET\_BITS=64 flags on a
platform that supports large files, then it can read and write FITS
files that contain up to 2**31 2880-byte FITS records, or approximately
6 terabytes in size.  It is still required that the value of the NAXISn
and PCOUNT keywords in each extension be within the range of a signed
4-byte integer (max value = 2,147,483,648).  Thus, each dimension of an
image (given by the NAXISn keywords), the total width of a table
(NAXIS1 keyword), the number of rows in a table (NAXIS2 keyword), and
the total size of the variable-length array heap in binary tables
(PCOUNT keyword) must be less than this limit.

Currently, support for large files within CFITSIO has been tested
on the Linux, Solaris, and IBM AIX operating systems.


\section{Multiple Access to the Same FITS File}

CFITSIO supports simultaneous read and write access to multiple HDUs in
the same FITS file.  Thus, one can open the same FITS file twice within
a single program and move to 2 different HDUs in the file, and then
read and write data or keywords to the 2 extensions just as if one were
accessing 2 completely separate FITS files.   Since in general it is
not possible to physically open the same file twice and then expect to
be able to simultaneously (or in alternating succession) write to 2
different locations in the file, CFITSIO recognizes when the file to be
opened (in the call to fits\_open\_file) has already been opened and
instead of actually opening the file again, just logically links the
new file to the old file.  (This only applies if the file is opened
more than once within the same program, and does not prevent the same
file from being simultaneously opened by more than one program).  Then
before CFITSIO reads or writes to either (logical) file, it makes sure
that any modifications made to the other file have been completely
flushed from the internal buffers to the file.  Thus, in principle, one
could open a file twice, in one case pointing to the first extension
and in the other pointing to the 2nd extension and then write data to
both extensions, in any order, without danger of corrupting the file,
There may be some efficiency penalties in doing this however, since
CFITSIO has to flush all the internal buffers related to one file
before switching to the  other, so it would still be prudent to
minimize the number of times one switches back and forth between doing
I/O to different HDUs in the same file.


\section{Current Header Data Unit (CHDU)}

In general, a FITS file can contain multiple Header Data Units, also
called extensions.  CFITSIO only operates within one HDU at any given
time, and the currently selected HDU is called the Current Header Data
Unit (CHDU).  When a FITS file is first created or opened the CHDU is
automatically defined to be the first HDU (i.e., the primary array).
CFITSIO routines are provided to move to and open any other existing
HDU within the FITS file or to append or insert a new HDU in the FITS
file which then becomes the CHDU.


\section{Subroutine Names}

All FITSIO subroutine names begin with the letters 'ft' to distinguish
them from other subroutines and are 5 or 6 characters long. Users should
not name their own subroutines beginning with 'ft' to avoid conflicts.
(The SPP interface routines all begin with 'fs'). Subroutines which read
or get information from the FITS file have names beginning with
'ftg...'. Subroutines which write or put information into the FITS file
have names beginning with 'ftp...'.


\section{Subroutine Families and Datatypes}

Many of the subroutines come in families which differ only in the
datatype of the associated parameter(s) .  The datatype of these
subroutines is indicated by the last letter of the subroutine name
(e.g., 'j' in 'ftpkyj') as follows:

\begin{verbatim}
        x - bit
        b - character*1 (unsigned byte)
        i - short integer (I*2)
        j - integer (I*4, 32-bit integer)
        k - long long integer (I*8, 64-bit integer)
        e - real exponential floating point (R*4)
        f - real fixed-format floating point (R*4)
        d - double precision real floating-point (R*8)
        g - double precision fixed-format floating point (R*8)
        c - complex reals (pairs of R*4 values)
        m - double precision complex (pairs of R*8 values)
        l - logical (L*4)
        s - character string
\end{verbatim}

When dealing with the FITS byte datatype, it is important to remember
that the raw values (before any scaling by the BSCALE and BZERO, or
TSCALn and TZEROn keyword values) in byte arrays (BITPIX = 8) or byte
columns (TFORMn = 'B') are interpreted as unsigned bytes with values
ranging from 0 to 255. Some Fortran compilers support a non-standard
byte datatype such as INTEGER*1, LOGICAL*1, or BYTE, which can sometimes
be used instead of CHARACTER*1 variables. Many machines permit passing a
numeric datatype (such as INTEGER*1) to the FITSIO subroutines which are
expecting a CHARACTER*1 datatype, but this technically violates the
Fortran-77 standard and is not supported on all machines (e.g., on a VAX/VMS
machine one must use the VAX-specific \%DESCR function).

One feature of the CFITSIO routines is that they can operate on a `X'
(bit) column in a binary table as though it were a `B' (byte) column.
For example a `11X' datatype column can be interpreted the same as a
`2B' column (i.e., 2 unsigned 8-bit bytes).  In some instances, it can
be more efficient to read and write whole bytes at a time, rather than
reading or writing each individual bit.

The double precision complex datatype is not a standard Fortran-77
datatype.  If a particular Fortran compiler does not directly support
this datatype,  then one may instead pass an array of pairs of double
precision values to these subroutines.  The first  value in each pair
is the real part, and the second is the imaginary part.


\section{Implicit Data Type Conversion}

The FITSIO routines that read and write numerical data can perform
implicit data type conversion.  This means that the data type of the
variable or array in the program does not need to be the same as the
data type of the value in the FITS file.  Data type conversion is
supported for numerical and string data types (if the string contains a
valid number enclosed in quotes) when reading a FITS header keyword
value and for numeric values when reading or writing values in the
primary array or a table column.  CFITSIO returns status =
NUM\_OVERFLOW  if the converted data value exceeds the range of the
output data type.  Implicit data type conversion is not supported
within binary tables for string, logical, complex, or double complex
data types.

In addition, any table column may be read as if it contained string values.
In the case of numeric columns the returned string will be formatted
using the TDISPn display format if it exists.


\section{Data Scaling}

When reading numerical data values in the primary array or a
table column, the values will be scaled automatically by the BSCALE and
BZERO (or TSCALn and TZEROn) header keyword values if they are
present in the header.  The scaled data that is returned to the reading
program will have

\begin{verbatim}
        output value = (FITS value) * BSCALE + BZERO
\end{verbatim}
(a corresponding formula using TSCALn and TZEROn is used when reading
from table columns).  In the case of integer output values the floating
point scaled value is truncated to an integer (not rounded to the
nearest integer).  The ftpscl and fttscl subroutines may be used to
override the scaling parameters defined in the header (e.g., to turn
off the scaling so that the program can read the raw unscaled values
from the FITS file).

When writing numerical data to the primary array or to a table
column the data values will generally be automatically inversely scaled
by the value of the BSCALE and BZERO (or TSCALn and TZEROn) header
keyword values if they they exist in the header.  These keywords must
have been written to the header before any data is written for them to
have any effect.  Otherwise, one may use the ftpscl and fttscl
subroutines to define or override the scaling keywords in the header
(e.g., to turn off the scaling so that the program can write the raw
unscaled values into the FITS file). If scaling is performed, the
inverse scaled output value that is written into the FITS file will
have

\begin{verbatim}
         FITS value = ((input value) - BZERO) / BSCALE
\end{verbatim}
(a corresponding formula using TSCALn and TZEROn is used when
writing to table columns).  Rounding to the nearest integer, rather
than truncation, is performed when writing integer datatypes to the
FITS file.


\section{Error Status Values and the Error Message Stack}

The last parameter in nearly every FITSIO subroutine is the error
status value which is both an input and an output parameter.  A
returned positive value for this parameter indicates an error was
detected.  A listing of all the FITSIO status code values is given at
the end of this document.

The FITSIO library uses an `inherited status' convention for the status
parameter which means that if a subroutine is called with a positive
input value of the status parameter, then the subroutine will exit
immediately without changing the value of the status parameter.  Thus,
if one passes the status value returned from each FITSIO routine as
input to the next FITSIO subroutine, then whenever an error is detected
all further FITSIO processing will cease.  This convention can simplify
the error checking in application programs because it is not necessary
to check the value of the status parameter after every single FITSIO
subroutine call.  If a program contains a sequence of several FITSIO
calls, one can just check the status value after the last call.  Since
the returned status values are generally distinctive, it should be
possible to determine which subroutine originally returned the error
status.

FITSIO also maintains an internal stack of error messages (80-character
maximum length) which in many cases provide a more detailed explanation
of the cause of the error than is provided by the error status number
alone. It is recommended that the error message stack be printed out
whenever a program detects a FITSIO error. To do this, call the FTGMSG
routine repeatedly to get the successive messages on the stack. When the
stack is empty FTGMSG will return a blank string. Note that this is a
`First In -- First Out' stack, so the oldest error message is returned
first by ftgmsg.


\section{Variable-Length Array Facility in Binary Tables}

FITSIO provides easy-to-use support for reading and writing data in
variable length fields of a binary table. The variable length columns
have TFORMn keyword values of the form `1Pt(len)' or `1Qt(len)' where `t' is the
datatype code (e.g., I, J, E, D, etc.) and `len' is an integer
specifying the maximum length of the vector in the table.  If the value
of `len' is not specified when the table is created (e.g., if the TFORM
keyword value is simply specified as '1PE' instead of '1PE(400) ), then
FITSIO will automatically scan the table when it is closed to
determine the maximum length of the vector and will append this value
to the TFORMn value.

The same routines which read and write data in an ordinary fixed length
binary table extension are also used for variable length fields,
however, the subroutine parameters take on a slightly different
interpretation as described below.

All the data in a variable length field is written into an area called
the `heap' which follows the main fixed-length FITS binary table.  The
size of the heap, in bytes, is specified with the PCOUNT keyword in the
FITS header.  When creating a new binary table, the initial value of
PCOUNT should usually be set to zero.  FITSIO will recompute the size
of the heap as the data is written and will automatically update the
PCOUNT keyword value when the table is closed.  When writing variable
length data to a table, CFITSIO will automatically extend the size
of the heap area if necessary, so that any following HDUs do not
get overwritten.

By default the heap data area starts immediately after the last row of
the fixed-length table.  This default starting location may be
overridden by the THEAP keyword, but this is not recommended.
If additional rows of data are added to the table, CFITSIO will
automatically shift the the heap down to make room for the new
rows, but it is obviously be more efficient to initially
create the table with the necessary number of blank rows, so that
the heap does not needed to be constantly moved.

When writing to a variable length field, the entire array of values for
a given row of the table must be written with a single call to FTPCLx.
The total length of the array is calculated from (NELEM+FELEM-1). One
cannot append more elements to an existing field at a later time; any
attempt to do so will simply overwrite all the data which was previously
written. Note also that the new data will be written to a new area of
the heap and the heap space used by the previous write cannot be
reclaimed. For this reason it is advised that each row of a variable
length field only be written once. An exception to this general rule
occurs when setting elements of an array as undefined. One must first
write a dummy value into the array with FTPCLx, and then call FTPCLU to
flag the desired elements as undefined. (Do not use the FTPCNx family
of routines with variable length fields). Note that the rows of a table,
whether fixed or variable length, do not have to be written
consecutively and may be written in any order.

When writing to a variable length ASCII character field (e.g., TFORM =
'1PA') only a single character string written.  FTPCLS writes the whole
length of the input string (minus any trailing blank characters), thus
the NELEM and FELEM parameters are ignored.  If the input string is
completely blank then FITSIO will write one blank character to the FITS
file.  Similarly, FTGCVS and FTGCFS read the entire string (truncated
to the width of the character string argument in the subroutine call)
and also ignore the NELEM and FELEM parameters.

The FTPDES subroutine is useful in situations where multiple rows of a
variable length column have the identical array of values.  One can
simply write the array once for the first row, and then use FTPDES to
write the same descriptor values into the other rows (use the FTGDES
routine to read the first descriptor value);  all the rows will then
point to the same storage location thus saving disk space.

When reading from a variable length array field one can only read as
many elements as actually exist in that row of the table; reading does
not automatically continue with the next row of the table as occurs
when reading an ordinary fixed length table field.  Attempts to read
more than this will cause an error status to be returned.  One can
determine the number of elements in each row of a variable column with
the FTGDES subroutine.


\section{Support for IEEE Special Values}

The ANSI/IEEE-754 floating-point number standard defines certain
special values that are used to represent such quantities as
Not-a-Number (NaN), denormalized, underflow, overflow, and infinity.
(See the Appendix in the  FITS standard or the FITS User's
Guide for a list of these values).  The FITSIO subroutines that read
floating point data in FITS files recognize these IEEE special values
and by default interpret the overflow and infinity values as being
equivalent to a NaN, and convert the underflow and denormalized values
into zeros.  In some cases programmers may want access to the raw IEEE
values, without any modification by FITSIO.  This can be done by
calling the FTGPVx or FTGCVx routines while specifying 0.0 as the value
of the NULLVAL parameter.  This will force FITSIO to simply pass the
IEEE values through to the application program, without any
modification.  This does not work for double precision values on
VAX/VMS machines, however, where there is no easy way to bypass the
default interpretation of the IEEE special values. This is also not
supported when reading floating-point images that have been compressed
with the FITS tiled image compression convention that is discussed in
section 5.6;  the pixels values in tile compressed images are
represented by scaled integers, and a reserved integer value
(not a NaN) is used to represent undefined pixels.



\section{When the Final Size of the FITS HDU is Unknown}

It is not required to know the total size of a FITS data array or table
before beginning to write the data to the FITS file.  In the case of
the primary array or an image extension, one should initially create
the array with the size of the highest dimension (largest NAXISn
keyword) set to a dummy value, such as 1.  Then after all the data have
been written and the true dimensions are known, then the NAXISn value
should be updated using the fits\_ update\_key routine before moving to
another extension or closing the FITS file.

When writing to FITS tables, CFITSIO automatically keeps track of the
highest row number that is written to, and will increase the size of
the table if necessary.  CFITSIO will also automatically insert space
in the FITS file if necessary, to ensure that the data 'heap', if it
exists, and/or any additional HDUs that follow the table do not get
overwritten as new rows are written to the table.

As a general rule it is best to specify the initial number of rows = 0
when the table is created, then let CFITSIO keep track of the number of
rows that are actually written.  The application program should not
manually update the number of rows in the table (as given by the NAXIS2
keyword) since CFITSIO does this automatically.  If a table is
initially created with more than zero rows, then this will usually be
considered as the minimum size of the table, even if fewer rows are
actually written to the table.  Thus, if a table is initially created
with NAXIS2 = 20, and CFITSIO only writes 10 rows of data before
closing the table, then NAXIS2 will remain equal to 20.  If however, 30
rows of data are written to this table, then NAXIS2 will be increased
from 20 to 30.  The one exception to this automatic updating of the
NAXIS2 keyword is if the application program directly modifies the
value of NAXIS2 (up or down) itself just before closing the table.  In this
case, CFITSIO does not update NAXIS2 again, since it assumes that the
application program must have had a good reason for changing the value
directly.  This is not recommended, however, and is only provided for
backward compatibility with software that initially creates a table
with a large number of rows, than decreases the NAXIS2 value to the
actual smaller value just before closing the table.


\section{Local FITS Conventions supported by FITSIO}

CFITSIO supports several local FITS conventions which are not
defined in the official FITS standard and which are not
necessarily recognized or supported by other FITS software packages.
Programmers should be cautious about using these features, especially
if the FITS files that are produced are expected to be processed by
other software systems which do not use the CFITSIO interface.


\subsection{Support for Long String Keyword Values.}

The length of a standard FITS string keyword is limited to 68
characters because it must fit entirely within a single FITS header
keyword record.  In some instances it is necessary to encode strings
longer than this limit, so FITSIO supports a local convention in which
the string value is continued over multiple keywords. This
continuation convention uses an ampersand character at the end of each
substring to indicate that it is continued on the next keyword, and the
continuation keywords all have the name CONTINUE without an equal sign
in column 9. The string value may be continued in this way over as many
additional CONTINUE keywords as is required.  The following lines
illustrate this continuation convention which is used in the value of
the STRKEY keyword:

\begin{verbatim}
LONGSTRN= 'OGIP 1.0'           / The OGIP Long String Convention may be used.
STRKEY  = 'This is a very long string keyword&'  / Optional Comment
CONTINUE  ' value that is continued over 3 keywords in the &  '
CONTINUE  'FITS header.' / This is another optional comment.
\end{verbatim}
It is recommended that the LONGSTRN keyword, as shown
here, always be included in any HDU that uses this longstring
convention.  A subroutine called FTPLSW
has been provided in CFITSIO to write this keyword if it does not
already exist.

This long string convention is supported by the following FITSIO
subroutines that deal with string-valued keywords:

\begin{verbatim}
      ftgkys - read a string keyword
      ftpkls - write (append) a string keyword
      ftikls - insert a string keyword
      ftmkls - modify the value of an existing string keyword
      ftukls - update an existing keyword, or write a new keyword
      ftdkey - delete a keyword
\end{verbatim}
These routines will transparently read, write, or delete a long string
value in the FITS file, so programmers in general do not have to be
concerned about the details of the convention that is used to encode
the long string in the FITS header.  When reading a long string, one
must ensure that the character string parameter used in these
subroutine calls has been declared long enough to hold the entire
string, otherwise the returned string value will be truncated.

Note that the more commonly used FITSIO subroutine to write string
valued keywords (FTPKYS) does NOT support this long string convention
and only supports strings up to 68 characters in length.  This has been
done deliberately to prevent programs from inadvertently writing
keywords using this non-standard convention without the explicit intent
of the programmer or user.   The FTPKLS subroutine must be called
instead to write long strings.  This routine can also be used to write
ordinary string values less than 68 characters in length.


\subsection{Arrays of Fixed-Length Strings in Binary Tables}

CFITSIO supports 2 ways to specify that a character column in a binary
table contains an array of fixed-length strings.  The first way, which
is officially supported by the FITS Standard document, uses the TDIMn keyword.
For example, if TFORMn = '60A' and TDIMn = '(12,5)' then that
column will be interpreted as containing an array of 5 strings, each 12
characters long.

FITSIO also supports a
local convention for the format of the TFORMn keyword value of the form
'rAw' where 'r' is an integer specifying the total width in characters
of the column, and 'w' is an integer specifying the (fixed) length of
an individual unit string within the vector.  For example, TFORM1 =
'120A10' would indicate that the binary table column is 120 characters
wide and consists of 12 10-character length strings.  This convention
is recognized by the FITSIO subroutines that read or write strings in
binary tables.   The Binary Table definition document specifies that
other optional characters may follow the datatype code in the TFORM
keyword, so this local convention is in compliance with the
FITS standard, although other FITS readers are not required to
recognize this convention.


\subsection{Keyword Units Strings}

One deficiency of the current FITS Standard is that it does not define
a specific convention for recording the physical units of a keyword
value.  The TUNITn keyword can be used to specify the physical units of
the values in a table column, but there is no analogous convention for
keyword values.  The comment field of the keyword is often used for
this purpose, but the units are usually not specified in a well defined
format that FITS readers can easily recognize and extract.

To solve this deficiency, FITSIO uses a local convention in which the
keyword units are enclosed in square brackets as the first token in the
keyword comment field; more specifically, the opening square bracket
immediately follows the slash '/' comment field delimiter and a single
space character.  The following examples illustrate keywords that use
this convention:


\begin{verbatim}
EXPOSURE=               1800.0 / [s] elapsed exposure time
V_HELIO =                16.23 / [km s**(-1)] heliocentric velocity
LAMBDA  =                5400. / [angstrom] central wavelength
FLUX    = 4.9033487787637465E-30 / [J/cm**2/s] average flux
\end{verbatim}

In general, the units named in the IAU(1988) Style Guide are
recommended, with the main exception that the preferred unit for angle
is 'deg' for degrees.

The FTPUNT and FTGUNT subroutines in FITSIO write and read,
respectively, the keyword unit strings in an existing keyword.


\subsection{HIERARCH Convention for Extended Keyword Names}

CFITSIO supports the HIERARCH keyword convention which allows keyword
names that are longer than 8 characters.  This convention
was developed at the European Southern Observatory (ESO) and allows characters
consisting of digits 0-9, upper case letters A-Z, the dash '-' and the underscore '\_'.
The components of hierarchical keywords are separated by a single ASCII space charater.
For instance:

\begin{verbatim}
HIERARCH ESO INS FOCU POS = -0.00002500 / Focus position
\end{verbatim}
Basically, this convention uses the FITS keyword 'HIERARCH' to indicate
that this convention is being used, then the actual keyword name
({\tt'ESO INS FOCU POS'} in this example) begins in column 10.  The
equals sign marks the end of the keyword name and is followed by the
usual value and comment fields just as in standard FITS keywords.
Further details of this convention are described at
http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/registry/hierarch\_keyword.html
and in Section 4.4 of the ESO Data Interface Control Document that
is linked to from
http://archive.eso.org/cms/tools-documentation/eso-data-interface-control.html.

This convention allows a broader range of keyword names
than is allowed by the FITS Standard.  Here are more examples
of such keywords:

\begin{verbatim}
HIERARCH LONGKEYWORD = 47.5 / Keyword has > 8 characters
HIERARCH LONG-KEY_WORD2 = 52.3 / Long keyword with hyphen, underscore and digit
HIERARCH EARTH IS A STAR = F / Keyword contains embedded spaces
\end{verbatim}
CFITSIO will transparently read and write these keywords, so application
programs do not in general need to know anything about the specific
implementation details of the HIERARCH convention.  In particular,
application programs do not need to specify the `HIERARCH' part of the
keyword name when reading or writing keywords (although it
may be included if desired).  When writing a keyword, CFITSIO first
checks to see if the keyword name is legal as a standard FITS keyword
(no more than 8 characters long and containing only letters, digits, or
a minus sign or underscore). If so it writes it as a standard FITS
keyword, otherwise it uses the hierarch convention to write the
keyword.   The maximum keyword name length is 67 characters, which
leaves only 1 space for the value field.  A more practical limit is
about 40 characters, which leaves enough room for most keyword values.
CFITSIO returns an error if there is not enough room for both the
keyword name and the keyword value on the 80-character card, except for
string-valued keywords which are simply truncated so that the closing
quote character falls in column 80. A space is also required on either 
side of the equal sign.


\section{Optimizing Code for Maximum Processing Speed}

CFITSIO has been carefully designed to obtain the highest possible
speed when reading and writing FITS files.  In order to achieve the
best performance, however, application programmers must be careful to
call the CFITSIO routines appropriately and in an efficient sequence;
inappropriate usage of CFITSIO routines can greatly slow down the
execution speed of a program.

The maximum possible I/O speed of CFITSIO depends of course on the type
of computer system that it is running on.  To get a general idea of what
data I/O speeds are possible on a particular machine, build the speed.c
program that is distributed with CFITSIO (type 'make speed' in the CFITSIO
directory).  This diagnostic program measures the speed of writing and reading
back a test FITS image, a binary table, and an ASCII table.

The following 2 sections provide some background on how CFITSIO
internally manages the data I/O and describes some strategies that may
be used to optimize the processing speed of software that uses
CFITSIO.


\subsection{Background Information: How CFITSIO Manages Data I/O}

Many CFITSIO operations involve transferring only a small number of
bytes to or from the FITS file (e.g, reading a keyword, or writing a
row in a table); it would be very inefficient to physically read or
write such small blocks of data directly in the FITS file on disk,
therefore CFITSIO maintains a set of internal Input--Output (IO)
buffers in RAM memory that each contain one FITS block (2880 bytes) of
data.  Whenever CFITSIO needs to access data in the FITS file, it first
transfers the FITS block containing those bytes into one of the IO
buffers in memory.  The next time CFITSIO needs to access bytes in the
same block it can then go to the fast IO buffer rather than using a
much slower system disk access routine.  The number of available IO
buffers is determined by the NIOBUF parameter (in fitsio2.h) and is
currently set to 40.

Whenever CFITSIO reads or writes data it first checks to see if that
block of the FITS file is already loaded into one of the IO buffers.
If not, and if there is an empty IO buffer available, then it will load
that block into the IO buffer (when reading a FITS file) or will
initialize a new block (when writing to a FITS file).  If all the IO
buffers are already full, it must decide which one to reuse (generally
the one that has been accessed least recently), and flush the contents
back to disk if it has been modified before loading the new block.

The one major exception to the above process occurs whenever a large
contiguous set of bytes are accessed, as might occur when reading or
writing a FITS image.  In this case CFITSIO bypasses the internal IO
buffers and simply reads or writes the desired bytes directly in the
disk file with a single call to a low-level file read or write
routine.  The minimum threshold for the number of bytes to read or
write this way is set by the MINDIRECT parameter and is currently set
to 3 FITS blocks = 8640 bytes.  This is the most efficient way to read
or write large chunks of data.  Note that this fast direct IO process is not
applicable when accessing columns of data in a FITS table because the
bytes are generally not contiguous since they are interleaved by the
other columns of data in the table.  This explains why the speed for
accessing FITS tables is generally slower than accessing
FITS images.

Given this background information, the general strategy for efficiently
accessing FITS files should now be apparent:  when dealing with FITS
images, read or write large chunks of data at a time so that the direct
IO mechanism will be invoked;  when accessing FITS headers or FITS
tables, on the other hand, once a particular FITS block has been
loading into one of the IO buffers, try to access all the needed
information in that block before it gets flushed out of the IO buffer.
It is important to avoid the situation where the same FITS block is
being read then flushed from a IO buffer multiple times.

The following section gives more specific suggestions for optimizing
the use of CFITSIO.


\subsection{Optimization Strategies}

1.  Because the data in FITS files is always stored in "big-endian" byte order,
where the first byte of numeric values contains the most significant bits and the
last byte contains the least significant bits, CFITSIO must swap the order of the bytes
when reading or writing FITS files when running on little-endian machines (e.g.,
Linux and Microsoft Windows operating systems running on PCs with x86 CPUs).

On fairly new CPUs that support "SSSE3" machine instructions
(e.g., starting with Intel Core 2 CPUs in 2007, and in AMD CPUs
beginning in 2011) significantly faster 4-byte and 8-byte swapping
algorithms are available. These faster byte swapping functions are
not used by default in CFITSIO (because of the potential code
portablility issues), but users can enable them on supported
platforms by adding the appropriate compiler flags (-mssse3 with gcc
or icc on linux) when compiling the swapproc.c source file, which will
allow the compiler to generate code using the SSSE3 instruction set.
A convenient way to do this is to configure the CFITSIO library
with the following command:

\begin{verbatim}
  >  ./configure --enable-ssse3
\end{verbatim}
Note, however, that a binary executable file that is
created using these faster functions will only run on
machines that support the SSSE3 machine instructions. It will
crash on machines that do not support them.

For faster 2-byte swaps on virtually all x86-64 CPUs (even those that
do not support SSSE3), a variant using only SSE2 instructions exists.
SSE2 is enabled by default on x86\_64 CPUs with 64-bit operating systems
(and is also automatically enabled by the --enable-ssse3 flag).
When running on x86\_64 CPUs with 32-bit operating systems, these faster
2-byte swapping algorithms are not used by default in CFITSIO, but can be
enabled explicitly with:

\begin{verbatim}
./configure --enable-sse2
\end{verbatim}
Preliminary testing indicates that these SSSE3 and SSE2 based
byte-swapping algorithms can boost the CFITSIO performance when
reading or writing FITS images by 20\% - 30\% or more.
It is important to note, however, that compiler optimization must be
turned on (e.g., by using the -O1 or -O2 flags in gcc) when building
programs that use these fast byte-swapping algorithms in order
to reap the full benefit of the SSSE3 and SSE2 instructions; without
optimization, the code may actually run slower than when using
more traditional byte-swapping techniques.

2.  When dealing with a FITS primary array or IMAGE extension, it is
more efficient to read or write large chunks of the  image at a time
(at least 3 FITS blocks = 8640 bytes) so that the direct IO mechanism
will be used as described in the previous section.  Smaller chunks of
data are read or written via the IO buffers, which is somewhat less
efficient because of the extra copy operation and additional
bookkeeping steps that are required.  In principle it is more efficient
to read or write as big an array of image pixels at one time as
possible, however, if the array becomes so large that the operating
system cannot store it all in RAM, then the performance may be degraded
because of the increased swapping of virtual memory to disk.

3.  When dealing with FITS tables, the most important efficiency factor
in the software design is to read or write the data in the FITS file in
a single pass through the file.  An example of poor program design
would be to read a large, 3-column table by sequentially reading the
entire first column, then going back to read the 2nd column, and
finally the 3rd column; this obviously requires 3 passes through the
file which could triple the execution time of an I/O limited program.
For small tables this is not important, but when reading multi-megabyte
sized tables these inefficiencies can become significant.  The more
efficient procedure in this case is to read or write only as many rows
of the table as will fit into the available internal I/O buffers, then
access all the necessary columns of data within that range of rows.
Then after the program is completely finished with the data in those
rows it can move on to the next range of rows that will fit in the
buffers, continuing in this way until the entire file has been
processed.  By using this procedure of accessing all the columns of a
table in parallel rather than sequentially, each block of the FITS file
will only be read or written once.

The optimal number of rows to read or write at one time in a given
table depends on the width of the table row, on the number of I/O
buffers that have been allocated in FITSIO, and also on the number of
other FITS files that are open at the same time (since one I/O buffer
is always reserved for each open FITS file).  Fortunately, a FITSIO
routine is available that will return the optimal number of rows for a
given table:  call ftgrsz(unit, nrows, status).  It is not critical to
use exactly the value of nrows returned by this routine, as long as one
does not exceed it.  Using a very small value however can also lead to
poor performance because of the overhead from the larger number of
subroutine calls.

The optimal number of rows returned by ftgrsz is valid only as long as
the application program is only reading or writing data in the
specified table.  Any other calls to access data in the table header
would  cause additional blocks of data to be
loaded into the I/O buffers displacing data from the original table,
and should be avoided during the critical period while the table is
being read or written.

4.  Use binary table extensions rather than ASCII table
extensions for better efficiency  when dealing with tabular data.  The
I/O to ASCII tables is slower because of the overhead in formatting or
parsing the ASCII data fields, and because ASCII tables are about twice
as large as binary tables with the same information content.

5. Design software so that it reads the FITS header keywords in the
same order in which they occur in the file.  When reading keywords,
FITSIO searches forward starting from the position of the last keyword
that was read.  If it reaches the end of the header without finding the
keyword, it then goes back to the start of the header and continues the
search down to the position where it started.  In practice, as long as
the entire FITS header can fit at one time in the available internal I/O
buffers, then the header keyword access will be very fast and it makes
little difference which order they are accessed.

6. Avoid the use of scaling (by using the BSCALE and BZERO or TSCAL and
TZERO keywords) in FITS files since the scaling operations add to the
processing time needed to read or write the data.  In some cases it may
be more efficient to temporarily turn off the scaling (using ftpscl or
fttscl) and then read or write the raw unscaled values in the FITS
file.

7. Avoid using the 'implicit datatype conversion' capability in
FITSIO.  For instance, when reading a FITS image with BITPIX = -32
(32-bit floating point pixels), read the data into a single precision
floating point data array in the program.  Forcing FITSIO to convert
the data to a different datatype can significantly slow the program.

8. Where feasible, design FITS binary tables using vector column
elements so that the data are written as a contiguous set of bytes,
rather than as single elements in multiple rows.  For example, it is
faster to access the data in a table that contains a single row
and 2 columns with TFORM keywords equal to  '10000E' and '10000J', than
it is to access the same amount of data in a table with 10000 rows
which has columns with the TFORM keywords equal to '1E' and '1J'.  In
the former case the 10000 floating point values in the first column are
all written in a contiguous block of the file which can be read or
written quickly, whereas in the second case each floating point value
in the first column is interleaved with the integer value in the second
column of the same row so CFITSIO has to explicitly move to the
position of each element to be read or written.

9. Avoid the use of variable length vector columns in binary tables,
since any reading or writing of these data requires that CFITSIO first
look up or compute the starting address of each row of data in the
heap.  In practice, this is probably not a significant efficiency issue.

10. When copying data from one FITS table to another, it is faster to
transfer the raw bytes instead of reading then writing each column of
the table.  The FITSIO subroutines FTGTBS and FTPTBS (for ASCII
tables), and  FTGTBB and FTPTBB (for binary tables) will perform
low-level reads or writes of any contiguous range of bytes in a table
extension.  These routines can be used to read or write a whole row (or
multiple rows) of a table with a single subroutine call.   These
routines are fast because they bypass all the usual data scaling, error
checking and machine dependent data conversion that is normally done by
FITSIO, and they allow the program to write the data to the output file
in exactly the same byte order.  For these same reasons, use of these
routines can be somewhat risky because no validation or machine
dependent conversion is performed by these routines.  In general these
routines are only recommended for optimizing critical pieces of code
and should only be used by programmers who thoroughly understand the
internal byte structure of the FITS tables they are reading or
writing.

11. Another strategy for improving the speed of writing a FITS table,
similar to the previous one, is to directly construct the entire byte
stream for a whole table row (or multiple rows) within the application
program and then write it to the FITS file with
ftptbb.  This avoids all the overhead normally present
in the column-oriented CFITSIO write routines.  This technique should
only be used for critical applications, because it makes the code more
difficult to understand and maintain, and it makes the code more system
dependent (e.g., do the bytes need to be swapped before writing to the
FITS file?).

12.  Finally, external factors such as the type of magnetic disk
controller (SCSI or IDE), the size of the disk cache, the average seek
speed of the disk, the amount of disk fragmentation, and the amount of
RAM available on the system can all have a significant impact on
overall I/O efficiency.  For critical applications, a system
administrator should review the proposed system hardware to identify any
potential I/O bottlenecks.



\chapter{  Basic Interface Routines }

This section defines a basic set of subroutines that can be
used to perform the most common types of read and write operations
on FITS files.  New users should start with these subroutines and
then, as needed, explore the more advance routines described in
the following chapter to perform more complex or specialized operations.

A right arrow symbol ($>$) is used to separate the input parameters from
the output parameters in the  definition of each routine.  This symbol
is not actually part of the calling sequence.  Note that
the status parameter is both an input and an output parameter
and must be initialized = 0 prior to calling the FITSIO subroutines.

Refer to Chapter 9 for the definition of all the parameters
used by these interface routines.


\section{FITSIO Error Status Routines \label{FTVERS}}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Return the current version number of the fitsio library.
    The version number will be incremented with each new
   release of CFITSIO. The 3 fields of the version string M.xx.yy
   are converted to a float as: M + .01*xx + .0001*yy.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTVERS( > version)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Return the descriptive text string corresponding to a FITSIO error
    status code.   The 30-character length string contains a brief
   description of the cause of the error.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGERR(status, > errtext)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Return the top (oldest) 80-character error message from the
    internal FITSIO stack of error messages and shift any remaining
    messages on the stack up one level.  Any FITSIO error will
    generate one or more messages on the stack.  Call this routine
    repeatedly to get each message in sequence.  The error stack is empty
   when a blank string is returned.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGMSG( > errmsg)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ]The FTPMRK routine puts an invisible marker on the
   CFITSIO error stack.  The FTCMRK routine can then be
   used to delete any more recent error messages on the stack, back to
   the position of the marker.  This preserves any older error messages
   on the stack.  FTCMSG simply clears the entire error message stack.
  These routines are called without any arguments.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPMRK
        FTCMRK
        FTCMSG
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Print out the error message corresponding to the input status
    value and all the error messages on the FITSIO stack  to the specified
    file stream  (stream can be either the string 'STDOUT' or 'STDERR').
   If the input status value = 0 then this routine does nothing.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
       FTRPRT (stream, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Write an 80-character message to the FITSIO error stack.  Application
    programs should not normally write to the stack, but there may be
   some situations where this is desirable.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPMSG(errmsg)
\end{verbatim}


\section{File I/O Routines}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ]Open an existing FITS file with readonly or readwrite access.
   This routine always opens the primary array (the first HDU) of
   the file, and does not move to a following extension, if one was
   specified as part of the filename.   Use the FTNOPN routine to
   automatically move to the extension.  This routine will also
   open IRAF images (.imh format files) and raw binary data arrays
   with READONLY access by first converting them on the fly into
   virtual FITS images.  See the `Extended File Name Syntax' chapter
   for more details.  The FTDKOPN routine simply opens the specified
   file without trying to interpret the filename using the extended
  filename syntax.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTOPEN(unit,filename,rwmode, > blocksize,status)
        FTDKOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > blocksize,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ]Open an existing FITS file with readonly or readwrite access
   and move to a following extension, if one was specified as
   part of the filename.  (e.g.,  'filename.fits+2' or
   'filename.fits[2]' will move to the 3rd HDU in the file).
   Note that this routine differs from FTOPEN in that it does not
  have the redundant blocksize argument.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTNOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ]Open an existing FITS file with readonly or readwrite access
   and then move to the first HDU containing significant data, if a) an HDU
   name or number to open was not explicitly specified as part of the
   filename, and b) if the FITS file contains a null primary array (i.e.,
   NAXIS = 0).  In this case, it will look for the first IMAGE HDU with
   NAXIS > 0, or the first table that does not contain the strings `GTI'
   (Good Time Interval) or `OBSTABLE' in the EXTNAME keyword value.  FTTOPN
   is similar, except it will move to the first significant table HDU
   (skipping over any image HDUs) in the file if a specific HDU name
   or number is not specified.  FTIOPN will move to the first non-null
  image HDU, skipping over any tables.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTDOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTTOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTIOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ]Open and initialize a new empty FITS file.   A template file may also be
   specified to define the structure of the new file (see section 4.2.4).
   The FTDKINIT routine simply creates the specified
   file without trying to interpret the filename using the extended
  filename syntax.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTINIT(unit,filename,blocksize, > status)
        FTDKINIT(unit,filename,blocksize, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ]Close a FITS file previously opened with ftopen or ftinit
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTCLOS(unit, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Move to a specified (absolute) HDU in the FITS file (nhdu = 1 for the
   FITS primary array)
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTMAHD(unit,nhdu, > hdutype,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Create a primary array (if none already exists), or insert a
    new IMAGE extension immediately following the CHDU, or
    insert a new Primary Array at the beginning of the file.  Any
    following extensions in the file will be shifted down to make room
    for the new extension.  If the CHDU is the last HDU in the file
    then the new image extension will simply be appended to the end of
    the file.   One can force a new primary array to be inserted at the
    beginning of the FITS file by setting status = -9 prior
    to calling the routine.  In this case the existing primary array will be
    converted to an IMAGE extension. The new extension (or primary
    array) will become the CHDU.  The FTIIMGLL routine is identical
    to the FTIIMG routine except that the 4th parameter (the length
    of each axis) is an array of 64-bit integers rather than an array
   of 32-bit integers.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTIIMG(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes, > status)
        FTIIMGLL(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxesll, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[8 ] Insert a new ASCII TABLE extension immediately following the CHDU.
    Any following extensions will be shifted down to make room for
    the new extension.  If there are no other following extensions
    then the new table extension will simply be appended to the
    end of the file.  The new extension will become the CHDU. The FTITABLL
    routine is identical
    to the FTITAB routine except that the 2nd and 3rd parameters (that give
    the size of the table) are 64-bit integers rather than
    32-bit integers.  Under normal circumstances, the nrows and nrowsll
    paramenters should have a value of 0; CFITSIO will automatically update
   the number of rows as data is written to the table.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTITAB(unit,rowlen,nrows,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,extname, >
               status)
        FTITABLL(unit,rowlenll,nrowsll,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,extname, >
               status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ] Insert a new binary table extension immediately following the CHDU.
    Any following extensions will be shifted down to make room for
    the new extension.  If there are no other following extensions
    then the new bintable extension will simply be appended to the
     end of the file.  The new extension will become the CHDU. The FTIBINLL
    routine is identical
    to the FTIBIN routine except that the 2nd parameter (that gives
    the length of the table) is a 64-bit integer rather than
    a 32-bit integer. Under normal circumstances, the nrows and nrowsll
    paramenters should have a value of 0; CFITSIO will automatically update
   the number of rows as data is written to the table.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTIBIN(unit,nrows,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat > status)
        FTIBINLL(unit,nrowsll,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat > status)

\end{verbatim}

\section{Keyword I/O Routines}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ]Put (append) an 80-character record into the CHU.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPREC(unit,card, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Put (append) a new keyword of the appropriate datatype into the CHU.
     The E and D versions of this routine have the added feature that
     if the 'decimals' parameter is negative, then the 'G' display
     format rather then the 'E' format will be used when constructing
     the keyword value, taking the absolute value of 'decimals' for the
     precision.  This will suppress trailing zeros, and will use a
     fixed format rather than an exponential format,
    depending on the magnitude of the value.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTPKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ]Get the nth 80-character header record from the CHU.  The first keyword
   in the header is at key\_no = 1;  if key\_no = 0 then this subroutine
   simple moves the internal pointer to the beginning of the header
   so that subsequent keyword operations will start at the top of
  the header; it also returns a blank card value in this case.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGREC(unit,key_no, > card,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Get a keyword value (with the appropriate datatype) and comment from
   the CHU
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGKY[EDJKLS](unit,keyword, > keyval,comment,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Delete an existing keyword record.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTDKEY(unit,keyword, > status)
\end{verbatim}


\section{Data I/O Routines}

The following routines read or write data values in the current HDU of
the FITS file.  Automatic datatype conversion
will be attempted for numerical datatypes if the specified datatype is
different from the actual datatype of the FITS array or table column.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ]Write elements into the primary data array or image extension.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPPR[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,values, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Read elements from the primary data array or image extension.
    Undefined array elements will be
    returned with a value = nullval, unless nullval = 0 in which case no
    checks for undefined pixels will be performed. The anyf parameter is
    set to true (= .true.) if any of the returned
   elements were undefined.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGPV[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,nullval, > values,anyf,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Write elements into an ASCII or binary table column. The `felem'
    parameter applies only to vector columns in binary tables and is
   ignored when writing to ASCII tables.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPCL[SLBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,values, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Read elements from an ASCII or binary table column.  Undefined
    array elements will be returned with a value = nullval, unless nullval = 0
    (or = ' ' for ftgcvs) in which case no checking for undefined values will
    be performed. The ANYF parameter is set to true if any of the returned
    elements are undefined.

    Any column, regardless of it's intrinsic datatype, may be read as a
    string.  It should be noted however that reading a numeric column
    as a string is 10 - 100 times slower than reading the same column
    as a number due to the large overhead in constructing the formatted
    strings.  The display format of the returned strings will be
    determined by the TDISPn keyword, if it exists, otherwise by the
    datatype of the column.  The length of the returned strings  can be
    determined with the ftgcdw routine.  The following TDISPn display
    formats are currently supported:

\begin{verbatim}
    Iw.m   Integer
    Ow.m   Octal integer
    Zw.m   Hexadecimal integer
    Fw.d   Fixed floating point
    Ew.d   Exponential floating point
    Dw.d   Exponential floating point
    Gw.d   General; uses Fw.d if significance not lost, else Ew.d
\end{verbatim}
  where w is the width in characters of the displayed values, m is the minimum
  number of digits displayed, and d is the number of digits to the right of the
  decimal.  The .m field is optional.
\end{description}


\begin{verbatim}
        FTGCV[SBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,nullval, >
                       values,anyf,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Get the table column number and full name of the column whose name
    matches the input template string.  See the `Advanced Interface Routines'
   chapter for a full description of this routine.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGCNN(unit,casesen,coltemplate, > colname,colnum,status)
\end{verbatim}


\chapter{   Advanced Interface Subroutines }

This chapter defines all the available subroutines in the FITSIO user
interface. For completeness, the basic subroutines described in the
previous chapter are also repeated here. A right arrow symbol is used
here to separate the input parameters from the output parameters in the
definition of each subroutine. This symbol is not actually part of the
calling sequence. An alphabetical list and definition of all the
parameters is given at the end of this section.


\section{FITS File Open and Close Subroutines: \label{FTOPEN}}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ]Open an existing FITS file with readonly or readwrite access. The
FTDKOPN routine simply opens the specified file without trying to
interpret the filename using the extended filename syntax. FTDOPN opens
the file and
also moves to the first HDU containing significant data, if no specific
HDU is specified as part of the filename.  FTTOPN and FTIOPN are similar
except that they will move to the first table HDU or image HDU, respectively,
if a HDU name or number is not specified as part of the filename.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTOPEN(unit,filename,rwmode, > blocksize,status)
        FTDKOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > blocksize,status)

        FTDOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTTOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTIOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[2 ]Open an existing FITS file with readonly or readwrite access
   and move to a following extension, if one was specified as
   part of the filename.  (e.g.,  'filename.fits+2' or
   'filename.fits[2]' will move to the 3rd HDU in the file).
   Note that this routine differs from FTOPEN in that it does not
  have the redundant blocksize argument.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTNOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Reopen a FITS file that was previously opened with
    FTOPEN, FTNOPN, or FTINIT.  The newunit number
    may then be treated as a separate file, and one may
    simultaneously read or write to 2 (or more)  different extensions in
    the same file.   The FTOPEN and FTNOPN routines (above) automatically
    detects cases where a previously opened file is being opened again,
    and then internally call FTREOPEN, so programs should rarely
   need to explicitly call this routine.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
       FTREOPEN(unit, > newunit, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ]Open and initialize a new empty FITS file.
   The FTDKINIT routine simply creates the specified
   file without trying to interpret the filename using the extended
  filename syntax.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
       FTINIT(unit,filename,blocksize, > status)
       FTDKINIT(unit,filename,blocksize, > status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[5 ]  Create a new FITS file, using a template file to define its
  initial size and structure.  The template may be another FITS HDU
  or an ASCII template file.  If the input template file name
  is blank, then this routine behaves the same as FTINIT.
  The currently supported format of the ASCII template file is described
  under the fits\_parse\_template routine (in the general Utilities
  section), but this may change slightly later releases of
 CFITSIO.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
       FTTPLT(unit, filename, tplfilename, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ]Flush internal buffers of data to the output FITS file
   previously opened with ftopen or ftinit.  The routine usually
   never needs to be called, but doing so will ensure that
   if the program subsequently aborts, then the FITS file will
  have at least been closed properly.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTFLUS(unit, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ]Close a FITS file previously opened with ftopen or ftinit
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTCLOS(unit, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[8 ] Close and DELETE a FITS file previously opened with ftopen or ftinit.
    This routine may be  useful in cases where a FITS file is created, but
   an error occurs which prevents the complete file from being written.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTDELT(unit, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ] Get the value of an unused I/O unit number which may then be used
    as input to FTOPEN or FTINIT.  This routine searches for the first
    unused unit number in the range from with 99 down to 50.   This
    routine just keeps an internal list of the allocated unit numbers
    and does not physically check that the Fortran unit is available (to be
    compatible with the SPP version of FITSIO).  Thus users must not
    independently allocate any unit numbers in the range 50 - 99
    if this routine is also to be used in the same program.  This
    routine is provided for convenience only, and it is not required
   that the unit numbers used by FITSIO be allocated by this routine.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGIOU( > iounit, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[10]  Free (deallocate) an I/O unit number which was previously allocated
    with FTGIOU.   All previously allocated unit numbers may be
   deallocated at once by calling FTFIOU with iounit = -1.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTFIOU(iounit, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[11]  Return the Fortran unit number that corresponds to the C fitsfile
pointer value, or vice versa.  These 2 C routines may be useful in
mixed language programs where both C and Fortran subroutines need
to access the same file.  For example, if a FITS file is opened
with unit 12 by a Fortran subroutine, then a C routine within the
same program could get the fitfile pointer value to access the same file
by calling  'fptr = CUnit2FITS(12)'.  These routines return a value
of zero if an error occurs.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
      int       CFITS2Unit(fitsfile *ptr);
      fitsfile* CUnit2FITS(int unit);
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[11]  Parse the input filename and return the HDU number that would be
moved to if the file were opened with FTNOPN.    The returned HDU
number begins with 1 for the primary array, so for example, if the
input filename = `myfile.fits[2]' then hdunum = 3 will be returned.
FITSIO does not open the file to check if the extension actually exists
if an extension number is specified. If an extension *name* is included
in the file name specification (e.g.  `myfile.fits[EVENTS]' then this
routine will have to open the FITS file and look for the position of
the named extension, then close file again.  This is not possible if
the file is being read from the stdin stream, and an error will be
returned in this case.  If the filename does not specify an explicit
extension (e.g. 'myfile.fits') then hdunum = -99 will be returned,
which is functionally equivalent to hdunum = 1. This routine is mainly
used for backward compatibility in the ftools software package and is
not recommended for general use.  It is generally better and more
efficient to first open the FITS file with FTNOPN, then use FTGHDN to
determine which HDU in the file has been opened, rather than calling
 FTEXTN followed by a call to FTNOPN.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTEXTN(filename, > nhdu, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[12] Return the name of the opened FITS file.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTFLNM(unit, > filename, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[13] Return the I/O mode of the open FITS file (READONLY = 0, READWRITE = 1).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTFLMD(unit, > iomode, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[14] Return the file type of the opened FITS file (e.g. 'file://', 'ftp://',
  etc.).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTURLT(unit, > urltype, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[15]  Parse the input filename or URL into its component parts: the file
type (file://, ftp://, http://, etc), the base input file name, the
name of the output file that the input file is to be copied to prior
to opening, the HDU or extension specification, the filtering
specifier, the binning specifier, and the column specifier.  Blank
strings will be returned for any components that are not present
in the input file name.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
       FTIURL(filename, > filetype, infile, outfile, extspec, filter,
               binspec, colspec, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[16] Parse the input file name and return the root file name.  The root
name includes the file type if specified, (e.g.  'ftp://' or 'http://')
and the full path name, to the extent that it is specified in the input
filename.  It does not include the HDU name or number, or any filtering
specifications.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
       FTRTNM(filename, > rootname, status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[16] Test if the input file or a compressed version of the file (with
a .gz, .Z, .z, or .zip extension) exists on disk.  The returned value of
the 'exists' parameter will have 1 of the 4 following values:

\begin{verbatim}
   2:  the file does not exist, but a compressed version does exist
   1:  the disk file does exist
   0:  neither the file nor a compressed version of the file exist
  -1:  the input file name is not a disk file (could be a ftp, http,
       smem, or mem file, or a file piped in on the STDIN stream)
\end{verbatim}

\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
      FTEXIST(filename, > exists, status);
\end{verbatim}

\section{HDU-Level Operations \label{FTMAHD}}

When a FITS file is first opened or created, the internal buffers in
FITSIO automatically point to the first HDU in the file.  The following
routines may be used to move to another HDU in the file.  Note that
the HDU numbering convention used in FITSIO  denotes the primary array
as the first HDU, the first extension in a FITS file is the second HDU,
and so on.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Move to a specified (absolute) HDU in the FITS file (nhdu = 1 for the
   FITS primary array)
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTMAHD(unit,nhdu, > hdutype,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ]Move to a new (existing) HDU forward or backwards relative to the CHDU
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTMRHD(unit,nmove, > hdutype,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Move to the (first) HDU which has the specified extension type and
    EXTNAME (or HDUNAME) and EXTVER keyword values.  The hdutype parameter
    may have
    a value of IMAGE\_HDU (0), ASCII\_TBL (1), BINARY\_TBL (2), or ANY\_HDU (-1)
    where ANY\_HDU means that only the extname and extver values will be
    used to locate the correct extension.  If the input value of
    extver is 0 then the EXTVER keyword is ignored and the first HDU
    with a matching EXTNAME (or HDUNAME) keyword will be found.  If no
    matching HDU is found in the file then the current HDU will remain
    unchanged
   and a status = BAD\_HDU\_NUM (301) will be returned.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTMNHD(unit, hdutype, extname, extver, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ]Get the number of the current HDU in the FITS file (primary array = 1)
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGHDN(unit, > nhdu)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Return the type of the current HDU in the FITS file.  The possible
   values for hdutype are IMAGE\_HDU (0), ASCII\_TBL (1), or BINARY\_TBL (2).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGHDT(unit, > hdutype, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Return the total number of HDUs in the FITS file.
   The CHDU remains unchanged.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTTHDU(unit, > hdunum, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ]Create (append) a new empty HDU at the end of the FITS file.  This
    new HDU becomes the Current HDU, but it is completely empty and contains
    no header keywords or data.  It is recommended that FTIIMG, FTITAB or
   FTIBIN be used instead of this routine.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTCRHD(unit, > status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[8 ] Create a primary array (if none already exists), or insert a
    new IMAGE extension immediately following the CHDU, or
    insert a new Primary Array at the beginning of the file.  Any
    following extensions in the file will be shifted down to make room
    for the new extension.  If the CHDU is the last HDU in the file
    then the new image extension will simply be appended to the end of
    the file.   One can force a new primary array to be inserted at the
    beginning of the FITS file by setting status = -9 prior
    to calling the routine.  In this case the existing primary array will be
    converted to an IMAGE extension. The new extension (or primary
    array) will become the CHDU.  The FTIIMGLL routine is identical
    to the FTIIMG routine except that the 4th parameter (the length
    of each axis) is an array of 64-bit integers rather than an array
   of 32-bit integers.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTIIMG(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes, > status)
        FTIIMGLL(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxesll, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ] Insert a new ASCII TABLE extension immediately following the CHDU.
    Any following extensions will be shifted down to make room for
    the new extension.  If there are no other following extensions
    then the new table extension will simply be appended to the
    end of the file.  The new extension will become the CHDU. The FTITABLL
    routine is identical
    to the FTITAB routine except that the 2nd and 3rd parameters (that give
    the size of the table) are 64-bit integers rather than
   32-bit integers.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTITAB(unit,rowlen,nrows,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,extname, >
               status)
        FTITABLL(unit,rowlenll,nrowsll,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,extname, >
               status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[10]  Insert a new binary table extension immediately following the CHDU.
    Any following extensions will be shifted down to make room for
    the new extension.  If there are no other following extensions
    then the new bintable extension will simply be appended to the
    end of the file.  The new extension will become the CHDU. The FTIBINLL
    routine is identical
    to the FTIBIN routine except that the 2nd parameter (that gives
    the length of the table) is a 64-bit integer rather than
   a 32-bit integer.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTIBIN(unit,nrows,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat > status)
        FTIBINLL(unit,nrowsll,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat > status)

\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[11]  Resize an image by modifing the size, dimensions, and/or datatype of the
    current primary array or image extension. If the new image, as specified
    by the input arguments, is larger than the current existing image
    in the FITS file then zero fill data will be inserted at the end
    of the current image and any following extensions will be moved
    further back in the file.  Similarly, if the new image is
    smaller than the current image then any following extensions
    will be shifted up towards the beginning of the FITS file
    and the image data will be truncated to the new size.
    This routine rewrites the BITPIX, NAXIS, and NAXISn keywords
    with the appropriate values for new image. The FTRSIMLL routine is identical
    to the FTRSIM routine except that the 4th parameter (the length
    of each axis) is an array of 64-bit integers rather than an array
   of 32-bit integers.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTRSIM(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes,status)
        FTRSIMLL(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxesll,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[12] Delete the CHDU in the FITS file.  Any following HDUs will be shifted
    forward in the file, to fill in the gap created by the deleted
    HDU.  In the case of deleting the primary array (the first HDU in
    the file) then the current primary array will be replace by a null
    primary array containing the minimum set of required keywords and
    no data.  If there are more extensions in the file following the
    one that is deleted, then the the CHDU will be redefined to point
    to the following extension.  If there are no following extensions
    then the CHDU will be redefined to point to the previous HDU.  The
    output HDUTYPE parameter indicates the type of the new CHDU after
   the previous CHDU has been deleted.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTDHDU(unit, > hdutype,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[13]  Copy all or part of the input FITS file and append it
    to the end of the output FITS file.  If 'previous' (an integer parameter) is
    not equal to 0, then any HDUs preceding the current HDU in the input file
    will be copied to the output file.  Similarly, 'current' and 'following'
    determine whether the current HDU, and/or any following HDUs in the input
    file will be copied to the output file. If all 3 parameters are not equal
    to zero, then the entire input file will be copied.  On return, the current
    HDU in the input file will be unchanged, and the last copied HDU will be the
   current HDU in the output file.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTCPFL(iunit, ounit, previous, current, following, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[14] Copy the entire CHDU from the FITS file associated with IUNIT to the CHDU
    of the FITS file associated with OUNIT. The output HDU must be empty and
    not already contain any keywords.  Space will be reserved for MOREKEYS
    additional  keywords in the output header if there is not already enough
   space.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTCOPY(iunit,ounit,morekeys, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[15] Copy the header (and not the data) from the CHDU associated with inunit
    to the CHDU associated with outunit.  If the current output HDU
    is not completely empty, then the CHDU will be closed and a new
    HDU will be appended to the output file.  This routine will automatically
    transform the necessary keywords when copying a primary array to
    and image extension, or an image extension to a primary array.
   An empty output data unit will be created (all values = 0).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTCPHD(inunit, outunit, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[16] Copy just the data from the CHDU associated with IUNIT
    to the CHDU associated with OUNIT. This will overwrite
    any data previously in the OUNIT CHDU.  This low level routine is used
    by FTCOPY, but it may also be useful in certain application programs
    which want to copy the data from one FITS file to another but also
    want to modify the header keywords in the process. all the required
    header keywords must be written to the OUNIT CHDU before calling
   this routine
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTCPDT(iunit,ounit, > status)
\end{verbatim}


\section{Define or Redefine the structure of the CHDU \label{FTRDEF}}

It should rarely be necessary to call the subroutines in this section.
FITSIO internally calls these routines whenever necessary, so any calls
to these routines by application programs will likely be redundant.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] This routine forces FITSIO to scan the current header keywords that
    define the structure of the HDU (such as the NAXISn, PCOUNT and GCOUNT
    keywords) so that it can initialize the internal buffers that describe
    the HDU structure.  This routine may be used instead of the more
    complicated calls to ftpdef, ftadef or ftbdef.  This routine is
    also very useful for reinitializing the structure of an HDU,
    if the number of rows in a table, as specified by the NAXIS2 keyword,
   has been modified from its initial value.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTRDEF(unit, > status)   (DEPRECATED)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ]Define the structure of the primary array or IMAGE extension.  When
   writing GROUPed FITS files that by convention set the NAXIS1 keyword
   equal to 0, ftpdef must be called with naxes(1) = 1, NOT 0, otherwise
   FITSIO will report an error status=308 when trying to write data
   to a group. Note: it is usually simpler to call FTRDEF rather
  than this routine.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPDEF(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes,pcount,gcount, > status)  (DEPRECATED)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Define the structure of an ASCII table (TABLE) extension. Note: it
   is usually simpler to call FTRDEF rather than this routine.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTADEF(unit,rowlen,tfields,tbcol,tform,nrows > status) (DEPRECATED)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Define the structure of a binary table (BINTABLE) extension. Note: it
   is usually simpler to call FTRDEF rather than this routine.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTBDEF(unit,tfields,tform,varidat,nrows > status) (DEPRECATED)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Define the size of the Current Data Unit, overriding the length
    of the data unit as previously defined by ftpdef, ftadef, or ftbdef.
    This is useful if one does not know the total size of the data unit until
    after the data have been written.  The size (in bytes) of an ASCII or
    Binary table is given by NAXIS1 * NAXIS2.  (Note that to determine the
    value of NAXIS1 it is often more convenient to read the value of the
    NAXIS1 keyword from the output file, rather than computing the row
    length directly from all the TFORM keyword values).  Note: it
   is usually simpler to call FTRDEF rather than this routine.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTDDEF(unit,bytlen, > status) (DEPRECATED)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Define the zero indexed byte offset of the 'heap' measured from
    the start of the binary table data.  By default the heap is assumed
    to start immediately following the regular table data, i.e., at
    location NAXIS1 x NAXIS2.  This routine is only relevant for
    binary tables which contain variable length array columns (with
    TFORMn = 'Pt').  This subroutine also automatically writes
    the value of theap to a keyword in the extension header.  This
    subroutine must be called after the required keywords have been
    written (with ftphbn) and after the table structure has been defined
   (with ftbdef) but before any data is written to the table.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPTHP(unit,theap, > status)
\end{verbatim}


\section{FITS Header I/O Subroutines}


\subsection{Header Space and Position Routines \label{FTHDEF}}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Reserve space in the CHU for MOREKEYS more header keywords.
    This subroutine may be called to reserve space for keywords which are
    to be written at a later time, after the data unit or subsequent
    extensions have been written to the FITS file.  If this subroutine is
    not explicitly called, then the initial size of the FITS header will be
    limited to the space available at the time that  the first data is written
    to the associated data unit.   FITSIO has the ability to dynamically
    add more space to the header if needed, however it is more efficient
   to preallocate the required space if the size is known in advance.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTHDEF(unit,morekeys, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Return the number of existing keywords in the CHU (NOT including the
    END keyword which is not considered a real keyword) and the remaining
    space available to write additional keywords in the CHU.  (returns
    KEYSADD = -1 if the header has not yet been closed).
    Note that FITSIO will attempt to dynamically add space for more
   keywords if required when appending new keywords to a header.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGHSP(iunit, > keysexist,keysadd,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Return the number of keywords in the header and the current position
    in the header.  This returns the number of the keyword record that
    will be read next (or one greater than the position of the last keyword
    that was read or written). A value of 1 is returned if the pointer is
   positioned at the beginning of the header.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGHPS(iunit, > keysexist,key_no,status)
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Read or Write Standard Header Routines \label{FTPHPR}}

These subroutines provide a simple method of reading or writing most of
the keyword values that are normally required in a FITS files.  These
subroutines are provided for convenience only and are not required to
be used.  If preferred, users may call the lower-level subroutines
described in the previous section to individually read or write the
required keywords.  Note that in most cases, the required keywords such
as NAXIS, TFIELD, TTYPEn, etc, which define the structure of the HDU
must be written to the header before any data can be written to the
image or table.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Put the primary header or IMAGE extension keywords into the CHU.
There are 2 available routines: The simpler FTPHPS routine is
equivalent to calling ftphpr with the default values of SIMPLE = true,
pcount = 0, gcount = 1, and EXTEND = true.  PCOUNT, GCOUNT and EXTEND
keywords are not required in the primary header and are only written if
pcount is not equal to zero, gcount is not equal to zero or one, and if
extend is TRUE, respectively.  When writing to an IMAGE extension, the
SIMPLE and EXTEND parameters are ignored.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPHPS(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes, > status)

        FTPHPR(unit,simple,bitpix,naxis,naxes,pcount,gcount,extend, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Get primary header or IMAGE extension keywords from the CHU.  When
    reading from an IMAGE extension the SIMPLE and EXTEND parameters are
   ignored.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGHPR(unit,maxdim, > simple,bitpix,naxis,naxes,pcount,gcount,extend,
               status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Put the ASCII table header keywords into the CHU. The optional
TUNITn and EXTNAME keywords are written only if the input string
values are not blank.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPHTB(unit,rowlen,nrows,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,extname, >
               status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Get the ASCII table header keywords from the CHU
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGHTB(unit,maxdim, > rowlen,nrows,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,
               extname,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ]Put the binary table header keywords into the CHU. The optional
   TUNITn and EXTNAME keywords are written only if the input string
   values are not blank.  The pcount parameter, which specifies the
   size of the variable length array heap, should initially = 0;
   FITSIO will automatically update the PCOUNT keyword value if any
   variable length array data is written to the heap.  The TFORM keyword
   value for variable length vector columns should have the form 'Pt(len)'
   or '1Pt(len)' where `t' is the data type code letter (A,I,J,E,D, etc.)
   and  `len' is an integer specifying the maximum length of the vectors
   in that column (len must be greater than or equal to the longest
   vector in the column).  If `len' is not specified when the table is
   created (e.g., the input TFORMn value is just '1Pt') then FITSIO will
   scan the column when the table is first closed and will append the
   maximum length to the TFORM keyword value.  Note that if the table
   is subsequently modified to increase the maximum length of the vectors
   then the modifying program is responsible for also updating the TFORM
  keyword value.
\end{description}


\begin{verbatim}
        FTPHBN(unit,nrows,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ]Get the binary table header keywords from the CHU
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGHBN(unit,maxdim, > nrows,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat,
               status)
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Write Keyword Subroutines \label{FTPREC}}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ]Put (append) an 80-character record into the CHU.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPREC(unit,card, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Put (append) a COMMENT keyword into the CHU.  Multiple COMMENT keywords
   will be written if the input comment string is longer than 72 characters.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPCOM(unit,comment, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ]Put (append) a HISTORY keyword into the CHU.  Multiple HISTORY keywords
   will be written if the input history string is longer than 72 characters.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPHIS(unit,history, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Put (append) the DATE keyword into the CHU.  The keyword value will contain
    the current system date as a character string in 'dd/mm/yy' format. If
    a DATE keyword already exists in the header, then this subroutine will
   simply update the keyword value in-place with the current date.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPDAT(unit, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Put (append) a new keyword of the appropriate datatype into the CHU.
    Note that FTPKYS will only write string values up to 68 characters in
    length; longer strings will be truncated.  The FTPKLS routine can be
    used to write longer strings, using a non-standard FITS convention.
     The E and D versions of this routine have the added feature that
     if the 'decimals' parameter is negative, then the 'G' display
     format rather then the 'E' format will be used when constructing
     the keyword value, taking the absolute value of 'decimals' for the
     precision.  This will suppress trailing zeros, and will use a
     fixed format rather than an exponential format,
    depending on the magnitude of the value.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTPKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Put (append) a string valued keyword into the CHU which may be longer
    than 68 characters in length.  This uses the Long String Keyword
    convention that is described in the "Usage Guidelines and Suggestions"
    section of this document.  Since this uses a non-standard FITS
    convention to encode the long keyword string, programs which use
    this routine should also call the FTPLSW routine to add some COMMENT
    keywords to warn users of the FITS file that this convention is
    being used.  FTPLSW also writes a keyword called LONGSTRN to record
    the version of the longstring convention that has been used, in case
    a new convention is adopted at some point in the future.   If the
    LONGSTRN keyword is already present in the header, then FTPLSW will
   simply return and will not write duplicate keywords.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTPLSW(unit, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Put (append) a new keyword with an undefined, or null, value into the CHU.
   The value string of the keyword is left blank in this case.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[8 ] Put (append) a numbered sequence of keywords into the CHU.   One may
    append the same comment to every keyword (and eliminate the need
    to have an array of identical comment strings, one for each keyword) by
    including the ampersand character as the last non-blank character in the
    (first) COMMENTS string parameter.  This same string
    will then be used for the comment field in all the keywords. (Note
    that the SPP version of these routines only supports a single comment
   string).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPKN[JKLS](unit,keyroot,startno,no_keys,keyvals,comments, > status)
        FTPKN[EDFG](unit,keyroot,startno,no_keys,keyvals,decimals,comments, >
                   status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ]Copy an indexed keyword from one HDU to another, modifying
    the index number of the keyword name in the process.  For example,
    this routine could read the TLMIN3 keyword from the input HDU
    (by giving keyroot = "TLMIN" and innum = 3) and write it to the
    output HDU with the keyword name TLMIN4 (by setting outnum = 4).
    If the input keyword does not exist, then this routine simply
   returns without indicating an error.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTCPKY(inunit, outunit, innum, outnum, keyroot, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[10] Put (append) a 'triple precision' keyword into the CHU in F28.16 format.
    The floating point keyword value is constructed by concatenating the
    input integer value with the input double precision fraction value
    (which must have a value between 0.0 and 1.0). The FTGKYT routine should
    be used to read this keyword value, because the other keyword reading
   subroutines will not preserve the full precision of the value.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPKYT(unit,keyword,intval,dblval,comment, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[11] Write keywords to the CHDU that are defined in an ASCII template file.
   The format of the template file is described under the ftgthd
  routine below.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPKTP(unit, filename, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[12] Append the physical units string to an existing keyword.  This
    routine uses a local convention, shown in the following example,
    in which the keyword units are enclosed in square brackets in the
   beginning of the keyword comment field.
\end{description}


\begin{verbatim}
     VELOCITY=                 12.3 / [km/s] orbital speed

        FTPUNT(unit,keyword,units, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Insert Keyword Subroutines \label{FTIREC}}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Insert a new keyword record into the CHU at the specified position
    (i.e., immediately preceding the (keyno)th keyword in the header.)
    This 'insert record' subroutine is somewhat less efficient
    then the 'append record' subroutine (FTPREC) described above because
   the remaining keywords in the header have to be shifted down one slot.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTIREC(unit,key_no,card, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Insert a new keyword into the CHU.  The new keyword is inserted
    immediately following the last keyword that has been read from the header.
    The FTIKLS subroutine works the same as the FTIKYS subroutine, except
    it also supports long string values greater than 68 characters in length.
    These 'insert keyword' subroutines are somewhat less efficient then
    the 'append keyword' subroutines described above because the remaining
   keywords in the header have to be shifted down one slot.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTIKEY(unit, card, > status)
        FTIKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTIKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTIKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Insert a new keyword with an undefined, or null, value into the CHU.
   The value string of the keyword is left blank in this case.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTIKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Read Keyword Subroutines \label{FTGREC}}

These routines return the value of the specified keyword(s).  Wild card
characters (*, ?, or \#) may be used when specifying the name of the keyword
to be read: a '?' will match any single character at that position in the
keyword name and a '*' will match any length (including zero) string of
characters.  The '\#' character will match any consecutive string of
decimal digits (0 - 9). Note that when a wild card is used in the input
keyword name, the routine will only search for a match from the current
header position to the end of the header.  It will not resume the search
from the top of the header back to the original header position as is done
when no wildcards are included in the keyword name.  If the desired
keyword string is 8-characters long (the maximum length of a keyword
name) then a '*' may be appended as the ninth character of the input
name to force the keyword search to stop at the end of the header
(e.g., 'COMMENT *' will search for the next COMMENT keyword).  The
ffgrec routine may be used to set the starting position when doing
wild card searches.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ]Get the nth 80-character header record from the CHU.  The first keyword
   in the header is at key\_no = 1;  if key\_no = 0 then this subroutine
   simple moves the internal pointer to the beginning of the header
   so that subsequent keyword operations will start at the top of
  the header; it also returns a blank card value in this case.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGREC(unit,key_no, > card,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Get the name, value (as a string), and comment of the nth keyword in CHU.
    This routine also checks that the returned keyword name (KEYWORD) contains
    only legal ASCII characters.  Call FTGREC and FTPSVC to bypass this error
   check.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGKYN(unit,key_no, > keyword,value,comment,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Get the 80-character header record for the named keyword
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGCRD(unit,keyword, > card,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Get the next keyword whose name matches one of the strings in
    'inclist' but does not match any of the strings in 'exclist'.
    The strings in inclist and exclist may contain wild card characters
    (*, ?, and \#) as described at the beginning of this section.
    This routine searches from the current header position to the
    end of the header, only, and does not continue the search from
    the top of the header back to the original position.  The current
    header position may be reset with the ftgrec routine.  Note
    that nexc may be set = 0 if there are no keywords to be excluded.
    This routine returns status = 202 if a matching
   keyword is not found.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGNXK(unit,inclist,ninc,exclist,nexc, > card,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ]  Get the literal keyword value as a character string.  Regardless
     of the datatype of the keyword, this routine simply returns the
     string of characters in the value field of the keyword along with
    the comment field.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGKEY(unit,keyword, > value,comment,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Get a keyword value (with the appropriate datatype) and comment from
   the CHU
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGKY[EDJKLS](unit,keyword, > keyval,comment,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Read a string-valued keyword and return the string length, the value string,
    and/or the comment field. The first routine, FTGKSL, simply
    returns the length of the character string value of the specified keyword.
    The second routine, FTGSKY, also returns up to maxchar characters
    of the keyword value string, starting with the firstchar character,
    and the keyword comment string.
    The length argument returns the total length of the keyword value string
    regardless of how much of the string is actually returned (which
    depends on the value of the firstchar and maxchar arguments).  These
    routines support string keywords that use the CONTINUE convention to
    continue long string values over multiple FITS header records.  Normally,
    string-valued keywords have a maximum length of 68 characters, however,
   CONTINUE'd string keywords may be arbitrarily long.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
       FTGKSL(unit,keyword, > length,status)
       FTGSKY(unit,keyword,firstchar,maxchar,> keyval,length,comment,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[8 ] Get a sequence of numbered keyword values.  These
   routines do not support wild card characters in the root name.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGKN[EDJKLS](unit,keyroot,startno,max_keys, > keyvals,nfound,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ] Get the value of a floating point keyword, returning the integer and
    fractional parts of the value in separate subroutine arguments.
    This subroutine may be used to read any keyword but is especially
   useful for reading the 'triple precision' keywords written by FTPKYT.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGKYT(unit,keyword, > intval,dblval,comment,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[10]  Get the physical units string in an existing keyword.  This
    routine uses a local convention, shown in the following example,
    in which the keyword units are
    enclosed in square brackets in the beginning of the keyword comment
    field.  A blank string is returned if no units are defined
    for the keyword.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
    VELOCITY=                 12.3 / [km/s] orbital speed

        FTGUNT(unit,keyword, > units,status)
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Modify Keyword Subroutines \label{FTMREC}}

Wild card characters, as described in the Read Keyword section, above,
may be used when specifying the name of the keyword to be modified.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Modify (overwrite) the nth 80-character header record in the CHU
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTMREC(unit,key_no,card, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Modify (overwrite) the 80-character header record for the named keyword
    in the CHU.  This can be used to overwrite the name of the keyword as
   well as its value and comment fields.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTMCRD(unit,keyword,card, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Modify (overwrite) the name of an existing keyword in the CHU
   preserving the current value and comment fields.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTMNAM(unit,oldkey,keyword, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Modify (overwrite) the comment field of an existing keyword in the CHU
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTMCOM(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Modify the value and comment fields of an existing keyword in the CHU.
    The FTMKLS subroutine works the same as the FTMKYS subroutine, except
    it also supports long string values greater than 68 characters in length.
    Optionally, one may modify only the value field and leave the comment
    field unchanged by setting the input COMMENT parameter equal to
    the ampersand character (\&).
     The E and D versions of this routine have the added feature that
     if the 'decimals' parameter is negative, then the 'G' display
     format rather then the 'E' format will be used when constructing
     the keyword value, taking the absolute value of 'decimals' for the
     precision.  This will suppress trailing zeros, and will use a
     fixed format rather than an exponential format,
    depending on the magnitude of the value.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTMKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTMKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTMKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Modify the value of an existing keyword to be undefined, or null.
    The value string of the keyword is set to blank.
    Optionally, one may leave the comment field unchanged by setting the
   input COMMENT parameter equal to the ampersand character (\&).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTMKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Update Keyword Subroutines \label{FTUCRD}}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Update an 80-character record in the CHU.  If the specified keyword
    already exists then that header record will be replaced with
    the input CARD string.  If it does not exist then the new record will
    be added to the header.
    The FTUKLS subroutine works the same as the FTUKYS subroutine, except
   it also supports long string values greater than 68 characters in length.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTUCRD(unit,keyword,card, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Update the value and comment fields of a keyword in the CHU.
    The specified keyword is modified if it already exists (by calling
    FTMKYx) otherwise a new keyword is created by calling FTPKYx.
     The E and D versions of this routine have the added feature that
     if the 'decimals' parameter is negative, then the 'G' display
     format rather then the 'E' format will be used when constructing
     the keyword value, taking the absolute value of 'decimals' for the
     precision.  This will suppress trailing zeros, and will use a
     fixed format rather than an exponential format,
    depending on the magnitude of the value.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTUKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTUKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTUKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Update the value of an existing keyword to be undefined, or null,
    or insert a new undefined-value keyword if it doesn't already exist.
   The value string of the keyword is left blank in this case.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTUKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Delete Keyword Subroutines \label{FTDREC}}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Delete an existing keyword record.  The space previously occupied by
    the keyword is reclaimed by moving all the following header records up
    one row in the header.  The first routine deletes a keyword at a
    specified position in the header (the first keyword is at position 1),
    whereas the second routine deletes a specifically named keyword.
    Wild card characters, as described in the Read Keyword section, above,
    may be used when specifying the name of the keyword to be deleted
   (be careful!).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTDREC(unit,key_no, > status)
        FTDKEY(unit,keyword, > status)
\end{verbatim}


\section{Data Scaling and Undefined Pixel Parameters  \label{FTPSCL}}

These subroutines define or modify the internal parameters used by
FITSIO to either scale the data or to represent undefined pixels.
Generally FITSIO will scale the data according to the values of the BSCALE
and BZERO (or TSCALn and TZEROn) keywords, however these subroutines
may be used to override the keyword values.  This may be useful when
one wants to read or write the raw unscaled values in the FITS file.
Similarly, FITSIO generally uses the value of the BLANK or TNULLn
keyword to signify an undefined pixel, but these routines may be used
to override this value.  These subroutines do not create or modify the
corresponding header keyword values.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Reset the scaling factors in the primary array or image extension; does
    not change the BSCALE and BZERO keyword values and only affects the
    automatic scaling performed when the data elements are written/read
    to/from the FITS file.   When reading from a FITS file the returned
    data value = (the value given in the FITS array) * BSCALE + BZERO.
    The inverse formula is used when writing data values to the FITS
    file.  (NOTE: BSCALE and BZERO must be declared as Double Precision
   variables).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPSCL(unit,bscale,bzero, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Reset the scaling parameters for a table column; does not change
    the TSCALn or TZEROn keyword values and only affects the automatic
    scaling performed when the data elements are written/read to/from
    the FITS file.  When reading from a FITS file the returned data
    value = (the value given in the FITS array) * TSCAL + TZERO.  The
    inverse formula is used when writing data values to the FITS file.
    (NOTE: TSCAL and TZERO  must be declared as Double Precision
   variables).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTTSCL(unit,colnum,tscal,tzero, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Define the integer value to be used to signify undefined pixels in the
    primary array or image extension.  This is only used if BITPIX = 8, 16,
    32. or 64  This does not create or change the value of the BLANK keyword in
    the header. FTPNULLL is identical to FTPNUL except that the blank
   value is a 64-bit integer instead of a 32-bit integer.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPNUL(unit,blank, > status)
        FTPNULLL(unit,blankll, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Define the string to be used to signify undefined pixels in
    a column in an ASCII table.  This does not create or change the value
   of the TNULLn keyword.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTSNUL(unit,colnum,snull > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Define the value to be used to signify undefined pixels in
    an integer column in a binary table (where TFORMn = 'B', 'I', 'J', or 'K').
    This does not create or  change the value of the TNULLn keyword.
    FTTNULLL is identical to FTTNUL except that the tnull
   value is a 64-bit integer instead of a 32-bit integer.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTTNUL(unit,colnum,tnull > status)
        FTTNULLL(unit,colnum,tnullll > status)
\end{verbatim}


\section{FITS Primary Array or IMAGE Extension I/O Subroutines \label{FTPPR}}

    These subroutines put or get data values in the primary data array
(i.e., the first HDU in the FITS file) or an IMAGE extension.  The
data array is represented as a single one-dimensional array of
pixels regardless of the actual dimensionality of the array, and the
FPIXEL parameter gives the position within this 1-D array of the first
pixel to read  or write.  Automatic data type conversion is performed
for numeric data (except for complex data types) if the data type of
the primary array (defined by the BITPIX keyword) differs from the data
type of the array in the calling subroutine.  The data values are also
scaled by the BSCALE and BZERO header values as they are being written
or read from the FITS array.  The ftpscl subroutine MUST be
called to define the scaling parameters when writing data to the FITS
array or to override the default scaling value given in the header when
reading the FITS array.

    Two sets of subroutines are provided to read the data array which
differ in the way undefined pixels are handled.  The first set of
routines (FTGPVx) simply return an array of data elements in which
undefined pixels are set equal to a value specified by the user in the
'nullval' parameter.  An additional feature of these subroutines is
that if the user sets nullval = 0, then no checks for undefined pixels
will be performed, thus increasing the speed of the program.  The
second set of routines (FTGPFx) returns the data element array and, in
addition, a logical array which defines whether the corresponding data
pixel is undefined.  The latter set of subroutines may be more
convenient to use in some circumstances, however, it requires an
additional array of logical values which can be unwieldy when working
with large data arrays.  Also for programmer convenience, sets of
subroutines to directly read or write 2 and 3 dimensional arrays  have
been provided, as well as a set of subroutines to read or write any
contiguous rectangular subset of pixels within the n-dimensional array.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Get the data type of the image (= BITPIX value).  Possible returned
    values are: 8, 16, 32, 64, -32, or -64 corresponding to unsigned byte,
    signed 2-byte integer, signed 4-byte integer, signed 8-byte integer,
    real, and double.

    The second subroutine is similar to FTGIDT, except that if the image
    pixel values are scaled, with non-default values for the BZERO and
    BSCALE keywords, then this routine will return the 'equivalent'
    data type that is needed to store the scaled values.  For example,
    if BITPIX = 16 and BSCALE = 0.1 then the equivalent data type is
    floating point, and -32 will be returned.  There are 2 special cases:
    if the image contains unsigned 2-byte integer values, with BITPIX =
    16, BSCALE = 1, and BZERO = 32768, then this routine will return
    a non-standard value of 20 for the bitpix value.  Similarly if the
    image contains unsigned 4-byte integers, then bitpix will
   be returned with a value of 40.
\end{description}


\begin{verbatim}
        FTGIDT(unit, > bitpix,status)
        FTGIET(unit, > bitpix,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Get the dimension (number of axes = NAXIS) of the image
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGIDM(unit, > naxis,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ]  Get the size of all the dimensions of the image. The FTGISZLL
    routine returns an array of 64-bit integers instead of 32-bit integers.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGISZ(unit, maxdim, > naxes,status)
        FTGISZLL(unit, maxdim, > naxesll,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ]  Get the parameters that define the type and size of the image.  This
     routine simply combines calls to the above 3 routines. The FTGIPRLL
    routine returns an array of 64-bit integers instead of 32-bit integers.
\end{description}


\begin{verbatim}
        FTGIPR(unit, maxdim, > bitpix, naxis, naxes, int *status)
        FTGIPRLL(unit, maxdim, > bitpix, naxis, naxesll, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ]Put elements into the data array.  The FTPPR[]LL routines
      accept 64-bit integers for fpixel and nelements.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPPR[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,values, > status)
        FTPPR[BIJKED]LL(unit,group,fpixelll,nelementsll,values, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ]Put elements into the data array, substituting the appropriate FITS null
   value for all elements which are equal to the value of NULLVAL.  For
   integer FITS arrays, the null value defined by the previous call to FTPNUL
   will be substituted;  for floating point FITS arrays (BITPIX = -32
   or -64) then the special IEEE NaN (Not-a-Number) value will be
  substituted.  The FTPPN[]LL routines accept 64-bit integers for 
  fpixel and nelements.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPPN[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,values,nullval > status)
        FTPPN[BIJKED]LL(unit,group,fpixelll,nelementsll,values,nullval > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ]Set data array elements as undefined.  FTPPRULL accepts 64-bit integers
         for fpixel and nelements.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPPRU(unit,group,fpixel,nelements, > status)
        FTPPRULL(unit,group,fpixelll,nelementsll, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[8 ] Get elements from the data array.  Undefined array elements will be
    returned with a value = nullval, unless nullval = 0 in which case no
   checks for undefined pixels will be performed.  FTGPV[]LL accepts
   64-bit integers for fpixel and nelements.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGPV[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,nullval, > values,anyf,status)
        FTGPV[BIJKED]LL(unit,group,fpixelll,nelementsll,nullval, > values,anyf,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ] Get elements and nullflags from data array.
    Any undefined array elements will have the corresponding flagvals element
   set equal to .TRUE.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGPF[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements, > values,flagvals,anyf,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[10]  Put values into group parameters
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPGP[BIJKED](unit,group,fparm,nparm,values, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[11]  Get values from group parameters
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGGP[BIJKED](unit,group,fparm,nparm, > values,status)
\end{verbatim}
The following 4 subroutines transfer FITS images with 2 or 3 dimensions
to or from a data array which has been declared in the calling program.
The dimensionality of the FITS image is passed by the naxis1, naxis2,
and naxis3 parameters and the declared dimensions of the program array
are passed in the dim1 and dim2 parameters.  Note that the program array
does not have to have the same dimensions as the FITS array, but must
be at least as big.  For example if a FITS image with NAXIS1 = NAXIS2 = 400
is read into a program array which is dimensioned as 512 x 512 pixels,
then the image will just fill the lower left corner of the array
with pixels in the range 1 - 400 in the X an Y directions.  This has
the effect of taking a contiguous set of pixel value in the FITS array
and writing them to a non-contiguous array in program memory
(i.e., there are now some blank pixels around the edge of the image
in the program array).


\begin{description}
\item[11]  Put 2-D image into the data array
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTP2D[BIJKED](unit,group,dim1,naxis1,naxis2,image, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[12]  Put 3-D cube into the data array
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTP3D[BIJKED](unit,group,dim1,dim2,naxis1,naxis2,naxis3,cube, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[13]  Get 2-D image from the data array.  Undefined
     pixels in the array will be set equal to the value of 'nullval',
     unless nullval=0 in which case no testing for undefined pixels will
    be performed.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTG2D[BIJKED](unit,group,nullval,dim1,naxis1,naxis2, > image,anyf,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[14] Get 3-D cube from the data array.   Undefined
    pixels in the array will be set equal to the value of 'nullval',
    unless nullval=0 in which case no testing for undefined pixels will
   be performed.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTG3D[BIJKED](unit,group,nullval,dim1,dim2,naxis1,naxis2,naxis3, >
                     cube,anyf,status)
\end{verbatim}

The following subroutines transfer a rectangular subset of the pixels
in a FITS N-dimensional image to or from an array which has been
declared in the calling program.  The fpixels and lpixels parameters
are integer arrays which specify the starting and ending pixels in each
dimension of the FITS image that are to be read or written.  (Note that
these are the starting and ending pixels in the FITS image, not in the
declared array). The array parameter is treated simply as a large
one-dimensional array of the appropriate datatype containing the pixel
values; The pixel values in the FITS array are read/written  from/to
this program array in strict sequence without any gaps;  it is up to
the calling routine to correctly interpret the dimensionality of this
array.  The two families of FITS reading routines (FTGSVx and FTGSFx
subroutines) also have an 'incs' parameter which defines the
data sampling interval in each dimension of the FITS array.  For
example, if incs(1)=2 and incs(2)=3 when reading a 2-dimensional
FITS image, then only every other pixel in the first dimension
and every 3rd pixel in the second dimension will be returned in
the 'array' parameter. [Note: the FTGSSx family of routines which
were present in previous versions of FITSIO have been superseded
by the more general FTGSVx family of routines.]


\begin{description}
\item[15]   Put an arbitrary data subsection into the data array.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPSS[BIJKED](unit,group,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,array, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[16]    Get an arbitrary data subsection from the data array.  Undefined
       pixels in the array will be set equal to the value of 'nullval',
       unless nullval=0 in which case no testing for undefined pixels will
      be performed.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGSV[BIJKED](unit,group,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs,nullval, >
                     array,anyf,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[17]    Get an arbitrary data subsection from the data array.  Any Undefined
       pixels in the array will have the corresponding 'flagvals'
      element set equal to .TRUE.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGSF[BIJKED](unit,group,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs, >
                     array,flagvals,anyf,status)
\end{verbatim}


\section{FITS ASCII and Binary Table Data I/O Subroutines}


\subsection{Column Information Subroutines \label{FTGCNO}}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ]  Get the number of rows or columns in the current FITS table.
     The number of rows is given by the NAXIS2 keyword and the
     number of columns is given by the TFIELDS keyword in the header
     of the table.  The FTGNRWLL routine is identical to FTGNRW except
     that the number of rows is returned as a 64-bit integer rather
    than a 32-bit integer.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGNRW(unit, > nrows, status)
        FTGNRWLL(unit, > nrowsll, status)
        FTGNCL(unit, > ncols, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Get the table column number (and name) of the column whose name
matches an input template name.  The table column names are defined by
the TTYPEn keywords in the FITS header.  If a column does not have a
TTYPEn keyword, then these routines assume that the name consists of
all blank characters.  These 2 subroutines perform the same function
except that FTGCNO only returns the number of the matching column whereas
FTGCNN also returns the name of the column.  If CASESEN = .true. then
the column name match will be case-sensitive.

The input column name template (COLTEMPLATE) is (1) either the exact
name of the column to be searched for, or (2) it may contain wild cards
characters (*, ?, or \#), or (3) it may contain the number of the desired
column (where the number is expressed as ASCII digits).  The first 2 wild
cards behave similarly to UNIX filename matching:  the '*' character matches
any sequence of characters (including zero characters) and the '?'
character matches any single character.  The \# wildcard will match
any consecutive string of decimal digits (0-9).  As an example, the template
strings 'AB?DE', 'AB*E', and 'AB*CDE' will all match the string
'ABCDE'.  If more than one column name in the table matches the
template string, then the first match is returned and the status value
will be set to 237 as a warning that a unique match was not found.  To
find the other cases that match the template, simply call the
subroutine again leaving the input status value equal to  237 and the
next matching name will then be returned.  Repeat this process until a
status = 219 (column name not found) is returned.  If these subroutines
fail to match the template to any of the columns in the table, they
lastly check if the template can be interpreted as a simple positive
integer (e.g., '7', or '512') and if so, they return that column
number.  If no matches are found then a status = 219 error is
returned.

Note that the FITS Standard recommends that only letters, digits, and
the underscore character be used in column names (with no embedded
spaces in the name).  Trailing blank characters are not significant.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGCNO(unit,casesen,coltemplate, > colnum,status)
        FTGCNN(unit,casesen,coltemplate, > colname,colnum,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Get the datatype of a column in an ASCII or binary table.  This
    routine returns an integer code value corresponding to the datatype
    of the column. (See the FTBNFM and FTASFM subroutines in the Utilities
    section of this document for a list of the code values).  The vector
    repeat count (which is alway 1 for ASCII table columns) is also returned.
    If the specified column has an ASCII character datatype (code = 16) then
    the width of a unit string in the column is also returned.  Note that
    this routine supports the local convention for specifying arrays of
    strings within a binary table character column, using the syntax
    TFORM = 'rAw' where 'r' is the total number of characters (= the width
    of the column) and 'w' is the width of a unit string within the column.
    Thus if the column has TFORM = '60A12' then this routine will return
    datacode = 16, repeat = 60, and width = 12.  (The TDIMn
    keyword may also be used to specify the unit string length; The pair
    of keywords TFORMn = '60A' and TDIMn = '(12,5)'  would have the
    same effect as TFORMn = '60A12').

   The second routine, FTEQTY is similar except that in
   the case of scaled integer columns it returns the 'equivalent' data
   type that is needed to store the scaled values, and not necessarily
   the physical data type of the unscaled values as stored in the FITS
   table.  For example if a '1I' column in a binary table has TSCALn =
   1 and TZEROn = 32768, then this column effectively contains unsigned
   short integer values, and thus the returned value of typecode will
   be the code for an unsigned short integer, not a signed short integer.
   Similarly, if a column has TTYPEn = '1I'
   and TSCALn = 0.12, then the returned typecode
  will be the code for a 'real' column.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGTCL(unit,colnum, > datacode,repeat,width,status)
        FTEQTY(unit,colnum, > datacode,repeat,width,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Return the display width of a column.  This is the length
    of the string that will be returned
    when reading the column as a formatted string.  The display width is
    determined by the TDISPn keyword, if present, otherwise by the data
   type of the column.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGCDW(unit, colnum, > dispwidth, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Get information about an existing ASCII table column.  (NOTE: TSCAL and
    TZERO must be declared as Double Precision variables).  All the
   returned parameters are scalar quantities.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGACL(unit,colnum, >
               ttype,tbcol,tunit,tform,tscal,tzero,snull,tdisp,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Get information about an existing binary table column. (NOTE: TSCAL and
    TZERO must be declared as Double Precision variables). DATATYPE is a
    character string which returns the datatype of the column as defined
    by the TFORMn keyword (e.g., 'I', 'J','E', 'D', etc.).  In the case
    of an ASCII character column, DATATYPE will have a value of the
    form 'An' where 'n' is an integer expressing the width of the field
    in characters.  For example, if TFORM = '160A8' then FTGBCL will return
    DATATYPE='A8' and REPEAT=20.   All the returned parameters are scalar
   quantities.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGBCL(unit,colnum, >
               ttype,tunit,datatype,repeat,tscal,tzero,tnull,tdisp,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Put (append) a TDIMn keyword whose value has the form '(l,m,n...)'
    where l, m, n... are the dimensions of a multidimensional array
   column in a binary table.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPTDM(unit,colnum,naxis,naxes, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[8 ] Return the number of and size of the dimensions of a table column.
    Normally this information is given by the TDIMn keyword, but if
    this keyword is not present then this routine returns NAXIS = 1
   and NAXES(1) equal to the repeat count in the TFORM keyword.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGTDM(unit,colnum,maxdim, > naxis,naxes,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ] Decode the input TDIMn keyword string (e.g. '(100,200)') and return the
    number of and size of the dimensions of a binary table column. If the input
    tdimstr character string is null, then this routine returns naxis = 1
    and naxes[0] equal to the repeat count in the TFORM keyword. This routine
   is called by FTGTDM.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTDTDM(unit,tdimstr,colnum,maxdim, > naxis,naxes, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[10]  Return the optimal number of rows to read or write at one time for
    maximum I/O efficiency.  Refer to the ``Optimizing Code'' section
   in Chapter 5 for more discussion on how to use this routine.
\end{description}


\begin{verbatim}
        FTGRSZ(unit, > nrows,status)
\end{verbatim}


\subsection{Low-Level Table Access Subroutines \label{FTGTBS}}

The following subroutines provide low-level access to the data in ASCII
or binary tables and are mainly useful as an efficient way to copy all
or part of a table from one location to another.  These routines simply
read or write the specified number of consecutive bytes in an ASCII or
binary table, without regard for column boundaries or the row length in
the table.  The first two subroutines read or write consecutive bytes
in a table to or from a character string variable, while the last two
subroutines read or write consecutive bytes to or from a variable
declared as a numeric data type (e.g., INTEGER, INTEGER*2, REAL, DOUBLE
PRECISION).  These routines do not perform any machine dependent data
conversion or byte swapping, except that conversion to/from ASCII
format is performed by the FTGTBS and FTPTBS routines on machines which
do not use ASCII character codes in the internal data representations
(e.g., on IBM mainframe computers).


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Read a consecutive string of characters from an ASCII table
    into a character variable (spanning columns and multiple rows if necessary)
    This routine should not be used with binary tables because of
   complications related to passing string variables between C and Fortran.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGTBS(unit,frow,startchar,nchars, > string,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Write a consecutive string of characters to an ASCII table
    from a character variable (spanning columns and multiple rows if necessary)
    This routine should not be used with binary tables because of
   complications related to passing string variables between C and Fortran.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPTBS(unit,frow,startchar,nchars,string, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Read a consecutive array of bytes from an ASCII or binary table
    into a numeric variable (spanning columns and multiple rows if necessary).
    The array parameter may be declared as any numerical datatype as long
    as the array is at least 'nchars' bytes long, e.g., if nchars = 17,
   then declare the array as INTEGER*4 ARRAY(5).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGTBB(unit,frow,startchar,nchars, > array,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Write a consecutive array of bytes to an ASCII or binary table
    from a numeric variable (spanning columns and multiple rows if necessary)
    The array parameter may be declared as any numerical datatype as long
    as the array is at least 'nchars' bytes long, e.g., if nchars = 17,
   then declare the array as INTEGER*4 ARRAY(5).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPTBB(unit,frow,startchar,nchars,array, > status)
\end{verbatim}


\subsection{Edit Rows or Columns \label{FTIROW}}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Insert blank rows into an existing ASCII or binary table (in the CDU).
    All the rows FOLLOWING row FROW are shifted down by NROWS rows.  If
    FROW or FROWLL equals 0 then the blank rows are inserted at the beginning of the
    table.  These routines modify the NAXIS2 keyword to reflect the new
    number of rows in the table.  Note that it is *not* necessary to insert rows in a table before
    writing data to those rows (indeed, it would be inefficient to do so).
    Instead, one may simply write data to any row of the table, whether that
   row of data already exists or not.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTIROW(unit,frow,nrows, > status)
        FTIROWLL(unit,frowll,nrowsll, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Delete rows from an existing ASCII or binary table (in the CDU).
    The NROWS (or NROWSLL) is the number of rows are deleted, starting
    with row FROW (or FROWLL), and
    any remaining rows in the table are shifted up to fill in the space.
    These routines modify the NAXIS2 keyword to reflect the new number
   of rows in the table.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTDROW(unit,frow,nrows, > status)
        FTDROWLL(unit,frowll,nrowsll, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Delete a list of rows from an ASCII or binary table (in the CDU).
    In the first routine, 'rowrange' is a character string listing the
    rows or row ranges to delete (e.g., '2-4, 5, 8-9'). In the second
    routine, 'rowlist' is an integer array of row numbers to be deleted
    from the table.  nrows is the number of row numbers in the list.
    The first row in the table is 1 not 0.  The list of row numbers
   must be sorted in ascending order.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTDRRG(unit,rowrange, > status)
        FTDRWS(unit,rowlist,nrows, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Insert a blank column (or columns) into an existing ASCII or binary
    table (in the CDU).  COLNUM specifies the column number that the (first)
    new column should occupy in the table.  NCOLS specifies how many
    columns are to be inserted. Any existing columns from this position and
    higher are moved over to allow room for the new column(s).
    The index number on all the following keywords will be incremented
    if necessary to reflect the new position of the column(s) in the table:
    TBCOLn, TFORMn, TTYPEn, TUNITn, TNULLn, TSCALn, TZEROn, TDISPn, TDIMn,
    TLMINn, TLMAXn, TDMINn, TDMAXn, TCTYPn, TCRPXn, TCRVLn, TCDLTn, TCROTn,
   and TCUNIn.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTICOL(unit,colnum,ttype,tform, > status)
        FTICLS(unit,colnum,ncols,ttype,tform, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Modify the vector length of a binary table column (e.g.,
    change a column from TFORMn = '1E' to '20E').  The vector
   length may be increased or decreased from the current value.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTMVEC(unit,colnum,newveclen, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Delete a column from an existing ASCII or binary table (in the CDU).
    The index number of all the keywords listed above (for FTICOL) will be
    decremented if necessary to reflect the new position of the column(s) in
    the table.  Those index keywords that refer to the deleted column will
    also be deleted.  Note that the physical size of the FITS file will
    not be reduced by this operation, and the empty FITS blocks if any
   at the end of the file will be padded with zeros.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTDCOL(unit,colnum, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Copy a column from one HDU to another (or to the same HDU).  If
    createcol = TRUE, then a new column will be inserted in the output
    table, at position `outcolumn', otherwise the existing output column will
    be overwritten (in which case it must have a compatible datatype).
   Note that the first column in a table is at colnum = 1.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTCPCL(inunit,outunit,incolnum,outcolnum,createcol, > status);
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Read and Write Column Data Routines \label{FTPCLS}}

These subroutines put or get data values in the current ASCII or Binary table
extension.  Automatic data type conversion is performed for numerical data
types (B,I,J,E,D) if the data type of the column (defined by the TFORM keyword)
differs from the data type of the calling subroutine.  The data values are also
scaled by the TSCALn and TZEROn header values as they are being written to
or read from the FITS array.  The fttscl subroutine MUST be used to define the
scaling parameters when writing data to the table or to override the default
scaling values given in the header when reading from the table.
Note that it is *not* necessary to insert rows in a table before
writing data to those rows (indeed, it would be inefficient to do so).
Instead, one may simply write data to any row of the table, whether that
row of data already exists or not.

    In the case of binary tables with vector elements, the 'felem'
parameter defines the starting pixel within the element vector.  This
parameter is ignored with ASCII tables. Similarly, in the case of
binary tables the 'nelements' parameter specifies the total number of
vector values read or written (continuing on subsequent rows if
required) and not the number of table elements.  Two sets of
subroutines are provided to get the column data which differ in the way
undefined pixels are handled.  The first set of routines (FTGCV)
simply return an array of data elements in which undefined pixels are
set equal to a value specified by the user in the 'nullval' parameter.
An additional feature of these subroutines is that if the user sets
nullval = 0, then no checks for undefined pixels will be performed,
thus increasing the speed of the program.  The second set of routines
(FTGCF) returns the data element array and in addition a logical array
of flags which defines whether the corresponding data pixel is undefined.

    Any column, regardless of it's intrinsic datatype, may be read as a
    string.  It should be noted however that reading a numeric column
    as a string is 10 - 100 times slower than reading the same column as
    a number due to the large overhead in constructing the formatted
    strings.    The display format of the returned strings will be
    determined by the TDISPn keyword, if it exists, otherwise by the
    datatype of the column.  The length of the returned strings can be
    determined with the ftgcdw routine.  The following TDISPn display
    formats are currently supported:

\begin{verbatim}
    Iw.m   Integer
    Ow.m   Octal integer
    Zw.m   Hexadecimal integer
    Fw.d   Fixed floating point
    Ew.d   Exponential floating point
    Dw.d   Exponential floating point
    Gw.d   General; uses Fw.d if significance not lost, else Ew.d
\end{verbatim}
  where w is the width in characters of the displayed values, m is the minimum
  number of digits displayed, and d is the number of digits to the right of the
  decimal.  The .m field is optional.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Put elements into an ASCII or binary table column (in the CDU).
    (The SPP FSPCLS routine has an additional integer argument after
    the VALUES character string which specifies the size of the 1st
    dimension of this 2-D CHAR array).

    The alternate version of these routines, whose names end in 'LL'
    after the datatype character, support large tables with more then
    2*31 rows.  When calling these routines, the frow and felem parameters
   *must* be 64-bit integer*8 variables, instead of normal 4-byte integers.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPCL[SLBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,values, > status)
        FTPCL[LBIJKEDCM]LL(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,values, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Put elements into an ASCII or binary table column (in the CDU)
    substituting the appropriate FITS null value for any elements that
    are equal to NULLVAL.   For ASCII TABLE extensions, the
    null value defined by the previous call to FTSNUL will be substituted;
    For integer FITS columns, in a binary table  the null value
    defined by the previous call to FTTNUL will be substituted;
    For floating point FITS columns a special IEEE NaN (Not-a-Number)
    value will be substituted.

    The alternate version of these routines, whose names end in 'LL'
    after the datatype character, support large tables with more then
    2*31 rows.  When calling these routines, the frow and felem parameters
   *must* be 64-bit integer*8 variables, instead of normal 4-byte integers.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPCN[SBIJKED](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,values,nullval > status)
        FTPCN[SBIJKED]LL(unit,colnum,(I*8) frow,(I*8) felem,nelements,values,
	                nullval > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Put bit values into a binary byte ('B') or bit ('X') table column (in the
    CDU).  LRAY is an array of logical values corresponding to the sequence of
    bits to be written.  If LRAY is true then the corresponding bit is
    set to 1, otherwise the bit is set to 0.  Note that in the case of
    'X' columns, FITSIO will write to all 8 bits of each byte whether
    they are formally valid or not.  Thus if the column is defined as
    '4X', and one calls FTPCLX with  fbit=1 and nbit=8, then all 8 bits
    will be written into the first byte (as opposed to writing the
    first 4 bits into the first row and then the next 4 bits into the
    next row), even though the last 4 bits of each byte are formally
   not defined.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPCLX(unit,colnum,frow,fbit,nbit,lray, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Set table elements in a column as undefined
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPCLU(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Get elements from an ASCII or binary table column (in the CDU).  These
    routines return the values of the table column array elements.  Undefined
    array elements will be returned with a value = nullval, unless nullval = 0
    (or = ' ' for ftgcvs) in which case no checking for undefined values will
    be performed. The ANYF parameter is set to true if any of the returned
    elements are undefined. (Note: the ftgcl routine simple gets an array
    of logical data values without any checks for undefined values;  use
    the ftgcfl routine to check for undefined logical elements).
    (The SPP FSGCVS routine has an additional integer argument after
    the VALUES character string which specifies the size of the 1st
    dimension of this 2-D CHAR array).

    The alternate version of these routines, whose names end in 'LL'
    after the datatype character, support large tables with more then
    2*31 rows.  When calling these routines, the frow and felem parameters
   *must* be 64-bit integer*8 variables, instead of normal 4-byte integers.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGCL(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements, > values,status)
        FTGCV[SBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,nullval, >
                       values,anyf,status)
        FTGCV[BIJKEDCM]LL(unit,colnum,(I*8) frow, (I*8) felem, nelements,
	               nullval, > values,anyf,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Get elements and null flags from an ASCII or binary table column (in the
    CHDU).  These routines return the values of the table column array elements.
    Any undefined array elements will have the corresponding flagvals element
    set equal to .TRUE. The ANYF parameter is set to true if any of the
    returned elements are undefined.
    (The SPP FSGCFS routine has an additional integer argument after
    the VALUES character string which specifies the size of the 1st
    dimension of this 2-D CHAR array).

    The alternate version of these routines, whose names end in 'LL'
    after the datatype character, support large tables with more then
    2*31 rows.  When calling these routines, the frow and felem parameters
   *must* be 64-bit integer*8 variables, instead of normal 4-byte integers.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGCF[SLBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements, >
                         values,flagvals,anyf,status)
        FTGCF[BIJKED]LL(unit,colnum, (I*8) frow, (I*8) felem,nelements, >
                         values,flagvals,anyf,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Get an arbitrary data subsection from an N-dimensional array
    in a binary table vector column.  Undefined pixels
    in the array will be set equal to the value of 'nullval',
    unless nullval=0 in which case no testing for undefined pixels will
    be performed.  The first and last rows in the table to be read
    are specified by fpixels(naxis+1) and lpixels(naxis+1), and hence
    are treated as the next higher dimension of the FITS N-dimensional
    array.  The INCS parameter specifies the sampling interval in
   each dimension between the data elements that will be returned.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGSV[BIJKED](unit,colnum,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs,nullval, >
                     array,anyf,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[8 ] Get an arbitrary data subsection from an N-dimensional array
    in a binary table vector column.  Any Undefined
    pixels in the array will have the corresponding 'flagvals'
    element set equal to .TRUE.   The first and last rows in the table
    to be read are specified by fpixels(naxis+1) and lpixels(naxis+1),
    and hence are treated as the next higher dimension of the FITS
    N-dimensional array.  The INCS parameter specifies the sampling
    interval in each dimension between the data elements that will be
   returned.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGSF[BIJKED](unit,colnum,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs, >
                     array,flagvals,anyf,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ] Get bit values from a byte ('B') or bit (`X`) table column (in the
    CDU).  LRAY is an array of logical values corresponding to the
    sequence of bits to be read.  If LRAY is true then the
    corresponding bit was set to 1, otherwise the bit was set to 0.
    Note that in the case of 'X' columns, FITSIO will read  all 8 bits
    of each byte whether they are formally valid or not.  Thus if the
    column is defined as '4X', and one calls FTGCX with  fbit=1 and
    nbit=8, then all 8 bits will be read from the first byte (as
    opposed to reading the first 4 bits from the first row and then the
    first 4 bits from the next row), even though the last 4 bits of
   each byte are formally not defined.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGCX(unit,colnum,frow,fbit,nbit, > lray,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[10] Read any consecutive set of bits from an 'X' or 'B' column and
    interpret them as an unsigned n-bit integer. NBIT must be less than
    or equal to 16 when calling FTGCXI, and less than or equal to 32 when
    calling FTGCXJ; there is no limit on the value of NBIT for FTGCXD, but
    the returned double precision value only has 48 bits of precision on
    most 32-bit word machines.  The NBITS bits are interpreted as an
    unsigned integer unless NBITS = 16 (in FTGCXI) or 32 (in FTGCXJ) in which
    case the string of bits are interpreted as 16-bit or 32-bit 2's
    complement signed integers.  If NROWS is greater than 1 then the
    same set of bits will be read from sequential rows in the table
    starting with row FROW.  Note that the numbering convention
    used here for the FBIT parameter adopts 1 for the first element of the
   vector of bits;  this is the Most Significant Bit of the integer value.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGCX[IJD](unit,colnum,frow,nrows,fbit,nbit, > array,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[11] Get the descriptor for a variable length column in a binary table.
    The descriptor consists of 2 integer parameters: the number of elements
    in the array and the starting offset relative to the start of the heap.
    The first routine returns a single descriptor whereas the second routine
   returns the descriptors for a range of rows in the table.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGDES(unit,colnum,rownum, > nelements,offset,status)
        FTGDESLL(unit,colnum,rownum, > nelementsll,offsetll,status)

        FTGDESS(unit,colnum,firstrow,nrows > nelements,offset, status)
        FTGDESSLL(unit,colnum,firstrow,nrows > nelementsll,offsetll, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[12]  Write the descriptor for a variable length column in a binary table.
    These subroutines can be used in conjunction with FTGDES to enable
    2 or more arrays to point to the same storage location to save
   storage space if the arrays are identical.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPDES(unit,colnum,rownum,nelements,offset, > status)
        FTPDESLL(unit,colnum,rownum,nelementsll,offsetll, > status)
\end{verbatim}


\section{Row Selection and Calculator Routines \label{FTFROW}}

These routines all parse and evaluate an input string containing a user
defined arithmetic expression.  The first 3 routines select rows in a
FITS table, based on whether the expression evaluates to true (not
equal to zero) or false (zero).  The other routines evaluate the
expression and calculate a value for each row of the table.  The
allowed expression syntax is described in the row filter section in the
earlier `Extended File Name Syntax' chapter of this document.  The
expression may also be written to a text file, and the name of the
file, prepended with a '@' character may be supplied for the 'expr'
parameter (e.g.  '@filename.txt'). The  expression  in  the  file can
be arbitrarily complex and extend over multiple lines of the file.
Lines  that begin with 2 slash characters ('//') will  be ignored and
may be used to add comments to the file.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Evaluate a boolean expression over the indicated rows, returning an
 array of flags indicating which rows evaluated to TRUE/FALSE
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
         FTFROW(unit,expr,firstrow, nrows, > n_good_rows, row_status, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Find the first row which satisfies the input boolean expression
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
         FTFFRW(unit, expr, > rownum, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ]Evaluate an expression on all rows of a table.  If the input and output
files are not the same, copy the TRUE rows to the output file;  if the output
table is not empty, then this routine will append the new
selected rows after the existing rows.  If the
files are the same, delete the FALSE rows (preserve the TRUE rows).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
         FTSROW(inunit, outunit, expr, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Calculate an expression for the indicated rows of a table, returning
the results, cast as datatype (TSHORT, TDOUBLE, etc), in array.  If
nulval==NULL, UNDEFs will be zeroed out.  For vector results, the number
of elements returned may be less than nelements if nelements is not an
even multiple of the result dimension.  Call FTTEXP to obtain
the dimensions of the results.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
         FTCROW(unit,datatype,expr,firstrow,nelements,nulval, >
             array,anynul,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ]Evaluate an expression and write the result either to a column (if
the expression is a function of other columns in the table) or to a
keyword (if the expression evaluates to a constant and is not a
function of other columns in the table).  In the former case, the
parName parameter is the name of the column (which may or may not already
exist) into which to write the results, and parInfo contains an
optional TFORM keyword value if a new column is being created.  If a
TFORM value is not specified then a default format will be used,
depending on the expression.  If the expression evaluates to a constant,
then the result will be written to the keyword name given by the
parName parameter, and the parInfo parameter may be used to supply an
optional comment for the keyword.  If the keyword does not already
exist, then the name of the keyword must be preceded with a '\#' character,
otherwise the result will be written to a column with that name.
\end{description}


\begin{verbatim}
         FTCALC(inunit, expr, outunit, parName, parInfo, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] This calculator routine is similar to the previous routine, except
that the expression is only evaluated over the specified
row ranges.  nranges specifies the number of row ranges, and firstrow
and lastrow give the starting and ending row number of each range.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
         FTCALC_RNG(inunit, expr, outunit, parName, parInfo,
            nranges, firstrow, lastrow, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ]Evaluate the given expression and return dimension and type information
on the result.  The returned dimensions correspond to a single row entry
of the requested expression, and are equivalent to the result of fits\_read\_tdim().
Note that strings are considered to be one element regardless of string length.
If maxdim == 0, then naxes is optional.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
         FTTEXP(unit, expr, maxdim > datatype, nelem, naxis, naxes, status)
\end{verbatim}



\section{Celestial Coordinate System Subroutines \label{FTGICS}}

The FITS community has adopted a set of keyword conventions that define
the transformations needed to convert between pixel locations in an
image and the corresponding celestial coordinates on the sky, or more
generally, that define world coordinates that are to be associated with
any pixel location in an n-dimensional FITS array. CFITSIO is distributed
with a couple of self-contained World Coordinate System (WCS) routines,
however, these routines DO NOT support all the latest WCS conventions,
so it is STRONGLY RECOMMENDED that software developers use a more robust
external WCS library.  Several recommended libraries are:

\begin{verbatim}
  WCSLIB -  supported by Mark Calabretta
  WCSTools - supported by Doug Mink
  AST library - developed by the U.K. Starlink project
\end{verbatim}

More information about the WCS keyword conventions and links to all of
these WCS libraries can be found on the FITS Support Office web site at
http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov under the WCS link.

The functions provided in these external WCS libraries will need access to
the  WCS information contained in the FITS file headers.  One convenient
way to pass this information to the external library is to use  FITSIO
to copy the header keywords into one long character string, and then
pass this string to an interface routine in the external library that
will extract the necessary WCS information (e.g., see the astFitsChan
and astPutCards routines in the Starlink AST library).

The following FITSIO routines DO NOT support the more recent WCS conventions
that have been approved as part of the FITS standard.  Consequently,
the following routines ARE NOW DEPRECATED.  It is STRONGLY RECOMMENDED
that software developers not use these routines, and instead use an
external WCS library, as described above.

These routines are included mainly for backward compatibility with
existing software.  They support the following standard map
projections: -SIN, -TAN, -ARC, -NCP, -GLS, -MER, and -AIT (these are the
legal values for the coordtype parameter).  These routines are based
on similar functions in Classic AIPS.  All the angular quantities are
given in units of degrees.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Get the values of all the standard FITS celestial coordinate system
    keywords from the header of a FITS image (i.e., the primary array or
    an image extension).  These values may then be passed to the subroutines
    that perform the coordinate transformations.  If any or all of the WCS
    keywords are not present, then default values will be returned. If
    the first coordinate axis is the declination-like coordinate, then
    this routine will swap them so that the longitudinal-like coordinate
    is returned as the first axis.

    If the file uses the newer 'CDj\_i' WCS transformation matrix
    keywords instead of old style 'CDELTn' and 'CROTA2' keywords, then
    this routine will calculate and return the values of the equivalent
    old-style keywords.    Note that the conversion from the new-style
    keywords to the old-style values is sometimes only an
    approximation, so if the approximation is larger than an internally
    defined threshold level, then CFITSIO will still return the
    approximate WCS keyword values, but will also return with status =
    506, to warn the calling program that approximations have been
    made.  It is then up to the calling program to decide whether the
    approximations are sufficiently accurate for the particular
    application, or whether more precise WCS transformations must be
   performed using new-style WCS keywords directly.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGICS(unit, > xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,coordtype,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Get the values of all the standard FITS celestial coordinate system
    keywords from the header of a FITS table where the X and Y (or RA and
    DEC coordinates are stored in 2 separate columns of the table.
    These values may then be passed to the subroutines that perform the
   coordinate transformations.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGTCS(unit,xcol,ycol, >
               xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,coordtype,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ]  Calculate the celestial coordinate corresponding to the input
    X and Y pixel location in the image.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTWLDP(xpix,ypix,xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,
                          coordtype, > xpos,ypos,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ]  Calculate the X and Y pixel location corresponding to the input
    celestial coordinate in the image.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTXYPX(xpos,ypos,xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,
                          coordtype, > xpix,ypix,status)
\end{verbatim}


\section{File Checksum Subroutines \label{FTPCKS}}

The following routines either compute or validate the checksums for the
CHDU.  The DATASUM keyword is used to store the numerical value of the
32-bit, 1's complement checksum for the data unit alone.  If there is
no data unit then the value is set to zero. The numerical value is
stored as an ASCII string of digits, enclosed in quotes, because the
value may be too large to represent as a 32-bit signed integer.  The
CHECKSUM keyword is used to store the ASCII encoded COMPLEMENT of the
checksum for the entire HDU.  Storing the complement, rather than the
actual checksum, forces the checksum for the whole HDU to equal zero.
If the file has been modified since the checksums were computed, then
the HDU checksum will usually not equal zero.  These checksum keyword
conventions are based on a paper by Rob Seaman published in the
proceedings of the ADASS IV conference in Baltimore in November 1994
and a later revision in June 1995.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Compute and write the DATASUM and CHECKSUM keyword values for the CHDU
    into the current header.  The DATASUM value is the 32-bit checksum
    for the data unit, expressed as a decimal integer enclosed in single
    quotes. The CHECKSUM keyword value is a 16-character string which
    is the ASCII-encoded value for the complement of the checksum for
    the whole HDU.  If these keywords already exist, their values
    will be updated only if necessary (i.e., if the file has been modified
   since the original keyword values were computed).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPCKS(unit, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Update the CHECKSUM keyword value in the CHDU, assuming that the
    DATASUM keyword exists and already has the correct value.  This routine
    calculates the new checksum for the current header unit, adds it to the
    data unit checksum, encodes the value into an ASCII string, and writes
   the string to the CHECKSUM keyword.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTUCKS(unit, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Verify the CHDU by computing the checksums and comparing
    them with the keywords.  The data unit is verified correctly
    if the computed checksum equals the value of the DATASUM
    keyword.  The checksum for the entire HDU (header plus data unit) is
    correct if it equals zero.  The output DATAOK and HDUOK parameters
    in this subroutine are integers which will have a value = 1
    if the data or HDU is verified correctly, a value = 0
    if the DATASUM or CHECKSUM keyword is not present, or value = -1
   if the computed checksum is not correct.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTVCKS(unit, > dataok,hduok,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Compute and return the checksum values for the CHDU (as
    double precision variables) without creating or modifying the
    CHECKSUM and DATASUM keywords.  This routine is used internally by
   FTVCKS, but may be useful in other situations as well.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGCKS(unit, > datasum,hdusum,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Encode a checksum value (stored in a double precision variable)
    into a 16-character string.  If COMPLEMENT = .true. then the 32-bit
   sum value will be complemented before encoding.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTESUM(sum,complement, > checksum)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Decode a 16 character checksum string into a double precision value.
    If COMPLEMENT = .true. then the 32-bit sum value will be complemented
   after decoding.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTDSUM(checksum,complement, > sum)
\end{verbatim}


\section{ Date and Time Utility Routines \label{FTGSDT}}

The following routines help to construct or parse the FITS date/time
strings.   Starting in the year 2000, the FITS DATE keyword values (and
the values of other `DATE-' keywords) must have the form 'YYYY-MM-DD'
(date only) or 'YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.ddd...' (date and time) where the
number of decimal places in the seconds value is optional.  These times
are in UTC.  The older 'dd/mm/yy' date format may not be used for dates
after 01 January 2000.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Get the current system date.  The returned year has 4 digits
    (1999, 2000, etc.)
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGSDT( > day, month, year, status )
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Get the current system date and time string ('YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss').
The time will be in UTC/GMT if available, as indicated by a returned timeref
value = 0.  If the returned value of timeref = 1 then this indicates that
it was not possible to convert the local time to UTC, and thus the local
time was returned.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGSTM(> datestr, timeref, status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Construct a date string from the input date values.  If the year
is between 1900 and 1998, inclusive, then the returned date string will
have the old FITS format ('dd/mm/yy'), otherwise the date string will
have the new FITS format ('YYYY-MM-DD').  Use FTTM2S instead
 to always return a date string using the new FITS format.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTDT2S( year, month, day, > datestr, status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Construct a new-format date + time string ('YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.ddd...').
  If the year, month, and day values all = 0 then only the time is encoded
  with format 'hh:mm:ss.ddd...'.  The decimals parameter specifies how many
  decimal places of fractional seconds to include in the string.  If `decimals'
 is negative, then only the date will be return ('YYYY-MM-DD').
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTTM2S( year, month, day, hour, minute, second, decimals,
                > datestr, status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Return the date as read from the input string, where the string may be
in either the old ('dd/mm/yy')  or new ('YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss' or
'YYYY-MM-DD') FITS format.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTS2DT(datestr, > year, month, day, status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Return the date and time as read from the input string, where the
string may be in either the old  or new FITS format.  The returned hours,
minutes, and seconds values will be set to zero if the input string
does not include the time ('dd/mm/yy' or 'YYYY-MM-DD') .  Similarly,
the returned year, month, and date values will be set to zero if the
date is not included in the input string ('hh:mm:ss.ddd...').
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTS2TM(datestr, > year, month, day, hour, minute, second, status)
\end{verbatim}


\section{General Utility Subroutines \label{FTGHAD}}

The following utility subroutines may be useful for certain applications:


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Return the starting byte address of the CHDU and the next HDU.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGHAD(iunit, > curaddr, nextaddr)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Convert a character string to uppercase (operates in place).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTUPCH(string)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Compare the input template string against the reference string
    to see if they match.  The template string may contain wildcard
    characters: '*' will match any sequence of characters (including
    zero characters) and '?' will match any single character in the
    reference string. The '\#' character will match any consecutive string
    of decimal digits (0 - 9).  If CASESN = .true. then the match will be
    case sensitive.  The returned MATCH parameter will be .true. if
    the 2 strings match, and EXACT will be .true. if the match is
    exact (i.e., if no wildcard characters were used in the match).
   Both strings must be 68 characters or less in length.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTCMPS(str_template, string, casesen, > match, exact)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Test that the keyword name contains only legal characters: A-Z,0-9,
   hyphen, and underscore.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTTKEY(keyword, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Test that the keyword record contains only legal printable ASCII
     characters
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTTREC(card, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Test whether the current header contains any NULL (ASCII 0) characters.
    These characters are illegal in the header, but they will go undetected
    by most of the CFITSIO keyword header routines, because the null is
    interpreted as the normal end-of-string terminator.  This routine returns
    the position of the first null character in the header, or zero if there
    are no nulls.  For example a returned value of 110 would indicate that
    the first NULL is located in the 30th character of the second keyword
    in the header (recall that each header record is 80 characters long).
    Note that this is one of the few FITSIO routines in which the returned
   value is not necessarily equal to the status value).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTNCHK(unit, > status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Parse a header keyword record and return the name of the keyword
    and the length of the name.
    The keyword name normally occupies the first 8 characters of the
    record, except under the HIERARCH convention where the name can
   be up to 70 characters in length.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGKNM(card, > keyname, keylength, staThe '\#' character will match any consecutive string
    of decimal digits (0 - 9). tus)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[8 ] Parse a header keyword record.
    This subroutine parses the input header record to return the value (as
    a character string) and comment strings.  If the keyword has no
    value (columns 9-10 not equal to '= '), then the value string is returned
    blank and the comment string is set equal to column 9 - 80 of the
   input string.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPSVC(card, > value,comment,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ] Construct a properly formated 80-character header keyword record from the
    input keyword name, keyword value, and keyword comment strings.
    Hierarchical keyword names (e.g., "ESO TELE CAM") are supported.
    The value string may contain an integer, floating point, logical, or
    quoted character string (e.g., "12", "15.7", "T",
    or "'NGC 1313'").
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTMKKY(keyname, value, comment, > card, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[10] Construct a sequence keyword name (ROOT + nnn).
    This subroutine appends the sequence number to the root string to create
   a keyword name (e.g., 'NAXIS' + 2 = 'NAXIS2')
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTKEYN(keyroot,seq_no, > keyword,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[11] Construct a sequence keyword name (n + ROOT).
    This subroutine concatenates the sequence number to the front of the
   root string to create a keyword name (e.g., 1 + 'CTYP' = '1CTYP')
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTNKEY(seq_no,keyroot, > keyword,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[12] Determine the datatype of a keyword value string.
    This subroutine parses the keyword value string (usually columns 11-30
   of the header record) to determine its datatype.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTDTYP(value, > dtype,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[13] Return the class of input header record.  The record is classified
    into one of the following categories (the class values are
    defined in fitsio.h).  Note that this is one of the few FITSIO
   routines that does not return a status value.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
       Class  Value             Keywords
  TYP_STRUC_KEY  10  SIMPLE, BITPIX, NAXIS, NAXISn, EXTEND, BLOCKED,
                     GROUPS, PCOUNT, GCOUNT, END
                     XTENSION, TFIELDS, TTYPEn, TBCOLn, TFORMn, THEAP,
                     and the first 4 COMMENT keywords in the primary array
                     that define the FITS format.
  TYP_CMPRS_KEY  20  The keywords used in the compressed image  or table
                     format, including ZIMAGE, ZCMPTYPE, ZNAMEn, ZVALn,
                     ZTILEn, ZBITPIX, ZNAXISn, ZSCALE, ZZERO, ZBLANK
  TYP_SCAL_KEY   30  BSCALE, BZERO, TSCALn, TZEROn
  TYP_NULL_KEY   40  BLANK, TNULLn
  TYP_DIM_KEY    50  TDIMn
  TYP_RANG_KEY   60  TLMINn, TLMAXn, TDMINn, TDMAXn, DATAMIN, DATAMAX
  TYP_UNIT_KEY   70  BUNIT, TUNITn
  TYP_DISP_KEY   80  TDISPn
  TYP_HDUID_KEY  90  EXTNAME, EXTVER, EXTLEVEL, HDUNAME, HDUVER, HDULEVEL
  TYP_CKSUM_KEY 100  CHECKSUM, DATASUM
  TYP_WCS_KEY   110  CTYPEn, CUNITn, CRVALn, CRPIXn, CROTAn, CDELTn
                     CDj_is, PVj_ms, LONPOLEs, LATPOLEs
                     TCTYPn, TCTYns, TCUNIn, TCUNns, TCRVLn, TCRVns, TCRPXn,
                     TCRPks, TCDn_k, TCn_ks, TPVn_m, TPn_ms, TCDLTn, TCROTn
                     jCTYPn, jCTYns, jCUNIn, jCUNns, jCRVLn, jCRVns, iCRPXn,
                     iCRPns, jiCDn,  jiCDns, jPVn_m, jPn_ms, jCDLTn, jCROTn
                     (i,j,m,n are integers, s is any letter)
  TYP_REFSYS_KEY 120 EQUINOXs, EPOCH, MJD-OBSs, RADECSYS, RADESYSs
  TYP_COMM_KEY   130 COMMENT, HISTORY, (blank keyword)
  TYP_CONT_KEY   140 CONTINUE
  TYP_USER_KEY   150 all other keywords

         class = FTGKCL (char *card)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[14] Parse the 'TFORM' binary table column format string.
    This subroutine parses the input TFORM character string and returns the
    integer datatype code, the repeat count of the field, and, in the case
    of character string fields, the length of the unit string.  The following
    datatype codes are returned (the negative of the value is returned
   if the column contains variable-length arrays):
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
                Datatype                DATACODE value
                bit, X                   1
                byte, B                 11
                logical, L              14
                ASCII character, A      16
                short integer, I        21
                integer, J              41
                real, E                 42
                double precision, D     82
                complex                 83
                double complex          163

        FTBNFM(tform, > datacode,repeat,width,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[15] Parse the 'TFORM' keyword value that defines the column format in
    an ASCII table.  This routine parses the input TFORM character
    string and returns the datatype code, the width of the column,
    and (if it is a floating point column) the number of decimal places
    to the right of the decimal point.  The returned datatype codes are
    the same as for the binary table, listed above, with the following
    additional rules:  integer columns that are between 1 and 4 characters
    wide are defined to be short integers (code = 21).  Wider integer
    columns are defined to be regular integers (code = 41).  Similarly,
    Fixed decimal point columns (with TFORM = 'Fw.d') are defined to
    be single precision reals (code = 42) if w is between 1 and 7 characters
    wide, inclusive.  Wider 'F' columns will return a double precision
    data code (= 82).  'Ew.d' format columns will have datacode = 42,
   and 'Dw.d' format columns will have datacode = 82.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTASFM(tform, > datacode,width,decimals,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[16] Calculate the starting column positions and total ASCII table width
    based on the input array of ASCII table TFORM values.  The SPACE input
    parameter defines how many blank spaces to leave between each column
    (it is recommended to have one space between columns for better human
   readability).
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGABC(tfields,tform,space, > rowlen,tbcol,status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[17] Parse a template string and return a formatted 80-character string
    suitable for appending to (or deleting from) a FITS header file.
    This subroutine is useful for parsing lines from an ASCII template file
    and reformatting them into legal FITS header records.  The formatted
    string may then be passed to the FTPREC, FTMCRD, or FTDKEY subroutines
   to append or modify a FITS header record.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGTHD(template, > card,hdtype,status)
\end{verbatim}
    The input TEMPLATE character string generally should contain 3 tokens:
    (1) the KEYNAME, (2) the VALUE, and (3) the COMMENT string.  The
    TEMPLATE string must adhere to the following format:


\begin{description}
\item[- ]     The KEYNAME token must begin in columns 1-8 and be a maximum  of 8
        characters long.  If the first 8 characters of the template line are
        blank then the remainder of the line is considered to be a FITS comment
        (with a blank keyword name).  A legal FITS keyword name may only
        contain the characters A-Z, 0-9, and '-' (minus sign) and
        underscore.  This subroutine will automatically convert any lowercase
        characters to uppercase in the output string.  If KEYNAME = 'COMMENT'
        or 'HISTORY' then the remainder of the line is considered to be a FITS
       COMMENT or HISTORY record, respectively.
\end{description}


\begin{description}
\item[- ]     The VALUE token must be separated from the KEYNAME token by one or more
        spaces and/or an '=' character.  The datatype of the VALUE token
        (numeric, logical, or character string) is automatically determined
        and  the output CARD string is formatted accordingly.  The value
        token may be forced to be interpreted as a string (e.g. if it is a
        string of numeric digits) by enclosing it in single quotes.
        If the value token is a character string that contains 1 or more
        embedded blank space characters or slash ('/') characters then the
       entire character string must be enclosed in single quotes.
\end{description}


\begin{description}
\item[- ]     The COMMENT token is optional, but if present must be separated from
       the VALUE token by a blank space or a  '/' character.
\end{description}


\begin{description}
\item[- ]     One exception to the above rules is that if the first non-blank
        character in the template string is a minus sign ('-') followed
        by a single token, or a single token followed by an equal sign,
        then it is interpreted as the name of a keyword which is to be
       deleted from the FITS header.
\end{description}


\begin{description}
\item[- ]     The second exception is that if the template string starts with
        a minus sign and is followed by 2 tokens then the second token
        is interpreted as the new name for the keyword specified by
        first token.  In this case the old keyword name (first token)
        is returned in characters 1-8 of the returned CARD string, and
        the new keyword name (the second token) is returned in characters
        41-48 of the returned CARD string.  These old and new names
        may then be passed to the FTMNAM subroutine which will change
       the keyword name.
\end{description}

    The HDTYPE output parameter indicates how the returned CARD string
    should be interpreted:

\begin{verbatim}
        hdtype                  interpretation
        ------           -------------------------------------------------
           -2            Modify the name of the keyword given in CARD(1:8)
                         to the new name given in CARD(41:48)

           -1            CARD(1:8) contains the name of a keyword to be deleted
                         from the FITS header.

            0            append the CARD string to the FITS header if the
                         keyword does not already exist, otherwise update
                         the value/comment if the keyword is already present
                         in the header.

            1            simply append this keyword to the FITS header (CARD
                         is either a HISTORY or COMMENT keyword).

            2            This is a FITS END record; it should not be written
                         to the FITS header because FITSIO automatically
                         appends the END record when the header is closed.
\end{verbatim}
     EXAMPLES:  The following lines illustrate valid input template strings:

\begin{verbatim}
      INTVAL 7 This is an integer keyword
      RVAL           34.6   /     This is a floating point keyword
      EVAL=-12.45E-03  This is a floating point keyword in exponential notation
      lval F This is a boolean keyword
                  This is a comment keyword with a blank keyword name
      SVAL1 = 'Hello world'   /  this is a string keyword
      SVAL2  '123.5'  this is also a string keyword
      sval3  123+  /  this is also a string keyword with the value '123+    '
      # the following template line deletes the DATE keyword
      - DATE
      # the following template line modifies the NAME keyword to OBJECT
      - NAME OBJECT
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[18]  Parse the input string containing a list of rows or row ranges, and
     return integer arrays containing the first and last row in each
     range.  For example, if rowlist = "3-5, 6, 8-9" then it will
     return numranges = 3, rangemin = 3, 6, 8 and rangemax = 5, 6, 9.
     At most, 'maxranges' number of ranges will be returned.  'maxrows'
     is the maximum number of rows in the table; any rows or ranges
     larger than this will be ignored.  The rows must be specified in
     increasing order, and the ranges must not overlap. A minus sign
     may be use to specify all the rows to the upper or lower bound, so
     "50-" means all the rows from 50 to the end of the table, and "-"
    means all the rows in the table, from 1 - maxrows.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
    FTRWRG(rowlist, maxrows, maxranges, >
           numranges, rangemin, rangemax, status)
\end{verbatim}



\chapter{ The CFITSIO Iterator Function }

The fits\_iterate\_data function in CFITSIO provides a unique method of
executing an arbitrary user-supplied `work' function that operates on
rows of data in  FITS tables or on pixels in FITS images.  Rather than
explicitly reading and writing the FITS images or columns of data, one
instead calls the CFITSIO iterator routine, passing to it the name of
the user's work function that is to be executed along with a list of
all the table columns or image arrays that are to be passed to the work
function.  The CFITSIO iterator function then does all the work of
allocating memory for the arrays, reading the input data from the FITS
file, passing them to the work function, and then writing any output
data back to the FITS file after the work function exits.  Because
it is often more efficient to process only a subset of the total table
rows at one time, the iterator function can determine the optimum
amount of data to pass in each iteration and repeatedly call the work
function until the entire table been processed.

For many applications this single CFITSIO iterator function can
effectively replace all the other CFITSIO routines for reading or
writing data in FITS images or tables.  Using the iterator has several
important advantages over the traditional method of reading and writing
FITS data files:

\begin{itemize}
\item
It cleanly separates the data I/O from the routine that operates on
the data.  This leads to a more modular and `object oriented'
programming style.

\item
It simplifies the application program by eliminating the need to allocate
memory for the data arrays and eliminates most of the calls to the CFITSIO
routines that explicitly read and write the data.

\item
It ensures that the data are processed as efficiently as possible.
This is especially important when processing tabular data since
the iterator function will calculate the most efficient number
of rows in the table to be passed at one time to the user's work
function on each iteration.

\item
Makes it possible for larger projects to develop a library of work
functions that all have a uniform calling sequence and are all
independent of the details of the FITS file format.

\end{itemize}

There are basically 2 steps in using the CFITSIO iterator function.
The first step is to design the work function itself which must have a
prescribed set of input parameters.  One of these parameters is a
structure containing pointers to the arrays of data; the work function
can perform any desired operations on these arrays and does not need to
worry about how the input data were read from the file or how the
output data get written back to the file.

The second step is to design the driver routine that opens all the
necessary FITS files and initializes  the input parameters to the
iterator function.  The driver program calls the CFITSIO iterator
function which then reads the data and passes it to the user's work
function.

Further details on using the iterator function can be found in the
companion CFITSIO User's Guide, and in the iter\_a.f, iter\_b.f and
iter\_c.f example programs.



\chapter{  Extended File Name Syntax }


\section{Overview}

CFITSIO supports an extended syntax when specifying the name of the
data file to be opened or created  that includes the following
features:

\begin{itemize}
\item
CFITSIO can read IRAF format images which have header file names that
end with the '.imh' extension, as well as reading and writing FITS
files,   This feature is implemented in CFITSIO by first converting the
IRAF image into a temporary FITS format file in memory, then opening
the FITS file.  Any of the usual CFITSIO routines then may be used to
read the image header or data.  Similarly, raw binary data arrays can
be read by converting them on the fly into virtual FITS images.

\item
FITS files on the Internet can be read (and sometimes written) using the FTP,
HTTP, or ROOT protocols.

\item
FITS files can be piped between tasks on the stdin and stdout streams.

\item
FITS files can be read and written in shared memory.  This can potentially
achieve much better data I/O performance compared to reading and
writing the same FITS files on magnetic disk.

\item
Compressed FITS files in gzip or Unix COMPRESS format can be directly read.

\item
Output FITS files can be written directly in compressed gzip format,
thus saving disk space.

\item
FITS table columns can be created, modified, or deleted 'on-the-fly' as
the table is opened by CFITSIO.  This creates a virtual FITS file containing
the modifications that is then opened by the application program.

\item
Table rows may be selected, or filtered out, on the fly when the table
is opened by CFITSIO, based on an arbitrary user-specified expression.
Only rows for which the expression evaluates to 'TRUE' are retained
in the copy of the table that is opened by the application program.

\item
Histogram images may be created on the fly by binning the values in
table columns, resulting in a virtual N-dimensional FITS image.  The
application program then only sees the FITS image (in the primary
array) instead of the original FITS table.
\end{itemize}

The latter 3 features in particular add very powerful data processing
capabilities directly into CFITSIO, and hence into every task that uses
CFITSIO to read or write FITS files.  For example, these features
transform a very simple program that just copies an input FITS file to
a new output file (like the `fitscopy' program that is distributed with
CFITSIO) into a multipurpose FITS file processing tool.  By appending
fairly simple qualifiers onto the name of the input FITS file, the user
can perform quite complex table editing operations (e.g., create new
columns, or filter out rows in a table) or create FITS images by
binning or histogramming the values in table columns.  In addition,
these functions have been coded using new state-of-the art algorithms
that are, in some cases, 10 - 100 times faster than previous widely
used implementations.

Before describing the complete syntax for the extended FITS file names
in the next section, here are a few examples of FITS file names that
give a quick overview of the allowed syntax:

\begin{itemize}
\item
{\tt 'myfile.fits'}: the simplest case of a FITS file on disk in the current
directory.

\item
{\tt 'myfile.imh'}: opens an IRAF format image file and converts it on the
fly into a temporary FITS format image in memory which can then be read with
any other CFITSIO routine.

\item
{\tt rawfile.dat[i512,512]}: opens a raw binary data array (a 512 x 512
short integer array in this case) and converts it on the fly into a
temporary FITS format image in memory which can then be read with any
other CFITSIO routine.

\item
{\tt myfile.fits.gz}: if this is the name of a new output file, the '.gz'
suffix will cause it to be compressed in gzip format when it is written to
disk.

\item
{\tt 'myfile.fits.gz[events, 2]'}:  opens and uncompresses the gzipped file
myfile.fits then moves to the extension which has the keywords EXTNAME
= 'EVENTS' and EXTVER = 2.

\item
{\tt '-'}:  a dash (minus sign) signifies that the input file is to be read
from the stdin file stream, or that the output file is to be written to
the stdout stream.

\item
{\tt 'ftp://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/test/vela.fits'}:  FITS files in any ftp
archive site on the Internet may be directly opened with read-only
access.

\item
{\tt 'http://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/software/test.fits'}: any valid URL to a
FITS file on the Web may be opened with read-only access.

\item
{\tt 'root://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/test/vela.fits'}: similar to ftp access
except that it provides write as well as read access to the files
across the network. This uses the root protocol developed at CERN.

\item
{\tt 'shmem://h2[events]'}: opens the FITS file in a shared memory segment and
moves to the EVENTS extension.

\item
{\tt 'mem://'}:  creates a scratch output file in core computer memory.  The
resulting 'file' will disappear when the program exits, so this
is mainly useful for testing purposes when one does not want a
permanent copy of the output file.

\item
{\tt 'myfile.fits[3; Images(10)]'}: opens a copy of the image contained in the
10th row of the 'Images' column in the binary table in the 3th extension
of the FITS file.  The application just sees this single image as the
primary array.

\item
{\tt 'myfile.fits[1:512:2, 1:512:2]'}: opens a section of the input image
ranging from the 1st to the 512th pixel in  X and Y, and selects every
second pixel in both dimensions, resulting in a 256 x 256 pixel image
in this case.

\item
{\tt 'myfile.fits[EVENTS][col Rad = sqrt(X**2 + Y**2)]'}:  creates and opens
a temporary file on the fly (in memory or on disk) that is identical to
myfile.fits except that it will contain a new column in the EVENTS
extension called 'Rad' whose value is computed using the indicated
expression which is a function of the values in the X and Y columns.

\item
{\tt 'myfile.fits[EVENTS][PHA > 5]'}:  creates and opens a temporary FITS
files that is identical to 'myfile.fits' except that the EVENTS table
will only contain the rows that have values of the PHA column greater
than 5.  In general, any arbitrary boolean expression using a C or
Fortran-like syntax, which may combine AND and OR operators,
may be used to select rows from a table.

\item
{\tt 'myfile.fits[EVENTS][bin (X,Y)=1,2048,4]'}:  creates a temporary FITS
primary array image which is computed on the fly by binning (i.e,
computing the 2-dimensional histogram) of the values in the X and Y
columns of the EVENTS extension.  In this case the X and Y coordinates
range from 1 to 2048 and the image pixel size is 4 units in both
dimensions, so the resulting image is 512 x 512 pixels in size.

\item
The final example combines many of these feature into one complex
expression (it is broken into several lines for clarity):

\begin{verbatim}
  'ftp://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/sample.fits.gz[EVENTS]
   [col phacorr = pha * 1.1 - 0.3][phacorr >= 5.0 && phacorr <= 14.0]
   [bin (X,Y)=32]'
\end{verbatim}
In this case, CFITSIO (1) copies and uncompresses the FITS file from
the ftp site on the legacy machine, (2) moves to the 'EVENTS'
extension, (3) calculates a new column called 'phacorr', (4) selects
the rows in the table that have phacorr in the range 5 to 14, and
finally (5) bins the remaining rows on the X and Y column coordinates,
using a pixel size = 32 to create a 2D image.  All this processing is
completely transparent to the application program, which simply sees
the final 2-D image in the primary array of the opened file.
\end{itemize}

The full extended CFITSIO FITS file name can contain several different
components depending on the context.  These components are described in
the following sections:

\begin{verbatim}
When creating a new file:
   filetype://BaseFilename(templateName)

When opening an existing primary array or image HDU:
   filetype://BaseFilename(outName)[HDUlocation][ImageSection]

When opening an existing table HDU:
   filetype://BaseFilename(outName)[HDUlocation][colFilter][rowFilter][binSpec]
\end{verbatim}
The filetype, BaseFilename, outName, HDUlocation, and ImageSection
components, if present, must be given in that order, but the colFilter,
rowFilter, and binSpec specifiers may follow in any order.  Regardless
of the order, however, the colFilter specifier, if present, will be
processed first by CFITSIO, followed by the rowFilter specifier, and
finally by the binSpec specifier.


Multiple colFilter or rowFilter specifications may appear as separated
bracketed expressions, in any order.  Multiple colFilter or rowFilter
expressions are treated internally as a single effective expression,
with order of operations determined from left to right.  CFITSIO does
not support the @filename.txt complex syntax option if multiple
expressions are also used.

\section{Filetype}

The type of file determines the medium on which the file is located
(e.g., disk or network) and, hence, which internal device driver is used by
CFITSIO to read and/or write the file.  Currently supported types are

\begin{verbatim}
        file://  - file on local magnetic disk (default)
        ftp://   - a readonly file accessed with the anonymous FTP protocol.
                   It also supports  ftp://username:password@hostname/...
                   for accessing password-protected ftp sites.
        http://  - a readonly file accessed with the HTTP protocol.  It
                   supports username:password just like the ftp driver.
                   Proxy HTTP servers are supported using the http_proxy
                   environment variable (see following note).
      stream://  - special driver to read an input FITS file from the stdin
                   stream, and/or write an output FITS file to the stdout
		   stream.  This driver is fragile and has limited
		   functionality (see the following note).
      gsiftp://  - access files on a computational grid using the gridftp
                   protocol in the Globus toolkit (see following note).
        root://  - uses the CERN root protocol for writing as well as
                   reading files over the network.
        shmem:// - opens or creates a file which persists in the computer's
                   shared memory.
        mem://   - opens a temporary file in core memory.  The file
                   disappears when the program exits so this is mainly
                   useful for test purposes when a permanent output file
                   is not desired.
\end{verbatim}
If the filetype is not specified, then type file:// is assumed.
The double slashes '//' are optional and may be omitted in most cases.


\subsection{Notes about HTTP proxy servers}

A proxy HTTP server may be used by defining the address (URL) and port
number of the proxy server with the http\_proxy environment variable.
For example

\begin{verbatim}
    setenv http_proxy http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov:3128
\end{verbatim}
will cause CFITSIO to use port 3128 on the heasarc proxy server whenever
reading a FITS file with HTTP.


\subsection{Notes about the stream filetype driver}

The stream driver can be used to efficiently read a FITS file from the stdin
file stream or write a FITS to the stdout file stream.  However, because these
input and output streams must be accessed sequentially, the FITS file reading or
writing application must also read and write the file sequentially, at least
within the tolerances described below.

CFITSIO supports 2 different methods for accessing FITS files on the stdin and
stdout streams.  The original method, which is invoked by specifying a dash
character, "-", as the name of the file when opening or creating it, works by
storing a complete copy of the entire FITS file in memory.  In this case, when
reading from stdin, CFITSIO will copy the entire stream into memory before doing
any processing of the file.  Similarly, when writing to stdout, CFITSIO will
create a copy of the entire FITS file in memory, before finally flushing it out
to  the stdout stream when the FITS file is closed.  Buffering the entire FITS
file in this way allows the application to randomly access any part of the FITS
file, in any order, but it also requires that the user have sufficient available
memory (or virtual memory) to store the entire file, which may not be possible
in the case of very large files.

The newer stream filetype provides a more memory-efficient method of accessing
FITS files on the stdin or stdout streams.  Instead of storing a copy of the
entire FITS file in memory, CFITSIO only uses a set of internal  buffer which by
default can store  40 FITS blocks, or about  100K bytes of the FITS file.  The
application program must process the FITS file sequentially from beginning to
end, within this 100K buffer.  Generally speaking the application  program must
conform to the following restrictions:

\begin{itemize}
\item
The program must finish reading or writing the header keywords
before reading or writing any data in the HDU.
\item
The HDU can contain at most about 1400 header keywords.  This is the
maximum that can fit in the nominal 40 FITS block buffer.  In principle,
this limit could be increased by recompiling CFITSIO with a larger
buffer limit, which is set by the NIOBUF parameter in fitsio2.h.
\item
The program must read or write the data in a sequential manner from the
beginning to the end of the HDU.  Note that CFITSIO's internal
100K buffer allows a little latitude in meeting this requirement.
\item
The program cannot move back to a previous HDU in the FITS file.
\item
Reading or writing of variable length array columns in binary tables is not
supported on streams, because this requires moving back and forth between the
fixed-length portion of the binary table and the following heap area where the
arrays are actually stored.
\item
Reading or writing of tile-compressed images is not supported on streams,
because the images are internally stored using variable length arrays.
\end{itemize}


\subsection{Notes about the gsiftp filetype}

DEPENDENCIES: Globus toolkit (2.4.3 or higher) (GT) should be installed.
There are two different ways to install GT:

1) goto the globus toolkit web page www.globus.org and follow the
   download and compilation instructions;

2) goto the Virtual Data Toolkit web page http://vdt.cs.wisc.edu/
   and follow the instructions (STRONGLY SUGGESTED);

Once a globus client has been installed in your system with a specific flavour
it is possible to compile and install the CFITSIO libraries.
Specific configuration flags must be used:

1)  --with-gsiftp[[=PATH]] Enable Globus Toolkit gsiftp protocol support
    PATH=GLOBUS\_LOCATION i.e. the location of your globus installation

2)  --with-gsiftp-flavour[[=PATH] defines the specific Globus flavour
        ex. gcc32

Both the flags must be used and it is mandatory to set  both the PATH and the
flavour.

USAGE: To access files on a gridftp server it is necessary to use a gsiftp prefix:

example: gsiftp://remote\_server\_fqhn/directory/filename

The gridftp driver uses a local buffer on a temporary file the file is located
in the /tmp directory. If you have special permissions on /tmp or you do not have a /tmp
directory, it is possible to force another location setting the GSIFTP\_TMPFILE environment
variable (ex. export GSIFTP\_TMPFILE=/your/location/yourtmpfile).

Grid FTP supports multi channel transfer. By default a single channel transmission is
available. However, it is possible to modify this behavior setting the GSIFTP\_STREAMS
environment variable (ex. export GSIFTP\_STREAMS=8).


\subsection{Notes about the root filetype}

The original rootd server can be obtained from:
\verb-ftp://root.cern.ch/root/rootd.tar.gz-
but, for it to work correctly with CFITSIO one has to use a modified
version which supports a command to return the length of the file.
This modified version is available in rootd subdirectory
in the CFITSIO ftp area at

\begin{verbatim}
      ftp://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/software/fitsio/c/root/rootd.tar.gz.
\end{verbatim}

This small server is started either by inetd when a client requests a
connection to a rootd server or by hand (i.e. from the command line).
The rootd server works with the ROOT TNetFile class. It allows remote
access to ROOT database files in either read or write mode. By default
TNetFile assumes port 432 (which requires rootd to be started as root).
To run rootd via inetd add the following line to /etc/services:

\begin{verbatim}
  rootd     432/tcp
\end{verbatim}
and to /etc/inetd.conf, add the following line:

\begin{verbatim}
  rootd stream tcp nowait root /user/rdm/root/bin/rootd rootd -i
\end{verbatim}
Force inetd to reread its conf file with "kill -HUP ".
You can also start rootd by hand running directly under your private
account (no root system privileges needed). For example to start
rootd listening on port 5151 just type:   \verb+rootd -p 5151+
Notice: no \& is needed. Rootd will go into background by itself.

\begin{verbatim}
  Rootd arguments:
    -i                says we were started by inetd
    -p port#          specifies a different port to listen on
    -d level          level of debug info written to syslog
                      0 = no debug (default)
                      1 = minimum
                      2 = medium
                      3 = maximum
\end{verbatim}
Rootd can also be configured for anonymous usage (like anonymous ftp).
To setup rootd to accept anonymous logins do the following (while being
logged in as root):

\begin{verbatim}
   - Add the following line to /etc/passwd:

     rootd:*:71:72:Anonymous rootd:/var/spool/rootd:/bin/false

     where you may modify the uid, gid (71, 72) and the home directory
     to suite your system.

   - Add the following line to /etc/group:

     rootd:*:72:rootd

     where the gid must match the gid in /etc/passwd.

   - Create the directories:

     mkdir /var/spool/rootd
     mkdir /var/spool/rootd/tmp
     chmod 777 /var/spool/rootd/tmp

     Where /var/spool/rootd must match the rootd home directory as
     specified in the rootd /etc/passwd entry.

   - To make writeable directories for anonymous do, for example:

     mkdir /var/spool/rootd/pub
     chown rootd:rootd /var/spool/rootd/pub
\end{verbatim}
That's all.  Several additional remarks:  you can login to an anonymous
server either with the names "anonymous" or "rootd".  The password should
be of type user@host.do.main. Only the @ is enforced for the time
being.  In anonymous mode the top of the file tree is set to the rootd
home directory, therefore only files below the home directory can be
accessed.  Anonymous mode only works when the server is started via
inetd.


\subsection{Notes about the shmem filetype:}

Shared memory files are currently supported on most Unix platforms,
where the shared memory segments are managed by the operating system
kernel and `live' independently of processes. They are not deleted (by
default) when the process which created them terminates, although they
will disappear if the system is rebooted.  Applications can create
shared memory files in CFITSIO by calling:

\begin{verbatim}
   fit_create_file(&fitsfileptr, "shmem://h2", &status);
\end{verbatim}
where the root `file' names are currently restricted to be 'h0', 'h1',
'h2', 'h3', etc., up to a maximum number defined by the the value of
SHARED\_MAXSEG (equal to 16 by default).  This is a prototype
implementation of the shared memory interface and a more robust
interface, which will have fewer restrictions on the number of files
and on their names, may be developed in the future.

When opening an already existing FITS file in shared memory one calls
the usual CFITSIO routine:

\begin{verbatim}
   fits_open_file(&fitsfileptr, "shmem://h7", mode, &status)
\end{verbatim}
The file mode can be READWRITE or READONLY just as with disk files.
More than one process can operate on READONLY mode files at the same
time.  CFITSIO supports proper file locking (both in READONLY and
READWRITE modes), so calls to fits\_open\_file may be locked out until
another other process closes the file.

When an application is finished accessing a FITS file in a shared
memory segment, it may close it  (and the file will remain in the
system) with fits\_close\_file, or delete it with fits\_delete\_file.
Physical deletion is postponed until the last process calls
ffclos/ffdelt.  fits\_delete\_file tries to obtain a READWRITE lock on
the file to be deleted, thus it can be blocked if the object was not
opened in READWRITE mode.

A shared memory management utility program called `smem', is included
with the CFITSIO distribution.  It can be built by typing `make smem';
then type `smem -h' to get a list of valid options.  Executing smem
without any options causes it to list all the shared memory segments
currently residing in the system and managed by the shared memory
driver. To get a list of all the shared memory objects, run the system
utility program `ipcs  [-a]'.


\section{Base Filename}

The base filename is the name of the file optionally including the
director/subdirectory path, and in the case of `ftp', `http', and `root'
filetypes, the machine identifier.  Examples:

\begin{verbatim}
    myfile.fits
    !data.fits
    /data/myfile.fits
    fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/ftp/sampledata/myfile.fits.gz
\end{verbatim}

When creating a new output file on magnetic disk (of type file://) if
the base filename begins with an exclamation point (!) then any
existing file with that same basename will be deleted prior to creating
the new FITS file.  Otherwise if the file to be created already exists,
then CFITSIO will return an error and will not overwrite the existing
file.  Note  that the exclamation point,  '!', is a special UNIX character,
so if it is used  on the command line rather than entered at a task
prompt, it must be  preceded by a backslash to force the UNIX
shell to pass it verbatim to the application program.

If the output disk file name ends with the suffix '.gz', then CFITSIO
will compress the file using the gzip compression algorithm before
writing it to disk.  This can reduce the amount of disk space used by
the file.  Note that this feature requires that the uncompressed file
be constructed in memory before it is compressed and written to disk,
so it can fail if there is insufficient available memory.

An input FITS file may be compressed with the gzip or Unix compress
algorithms, in which case CFITSIO will uncompress the file on the fly
into a temporary file (in memory or on disk).  Compressed files may
only be opened with read-only permission.  When specifying the name of
a compressed FITS file it is not necessary to append the file suffix
(e.g., `.gz' or `.Z').  If CFITSIO cannot find the input file name
without the suffix, then it will automatically search for a compressed
file with the same root name.  In the case of reading ftp and http type
files, CFITSIO generally looks for a compressed version of the file
first, before trying to open the uncompressed file.  By default,
CFITSIO copies (and uncompressed if necessary) the ftp or http FITS
file into memory on the local machine before opening it.  This will
fail if the local machine does not have enough memory to hold the whole
FITS file, so in this case, the output filename specifier (see the next
section) can be used to further control how CFITSIO reads ftp and http
files.

If the input file is an IRAF image file (*.imh file) then CFITSIO will
automatically convert it on the fly into a virtual FITS image before it
is opened by the application program.  IRAF images can only be opened
with READONLY file access.

Similarly, if the input file is a raw binary data array, then CFITSIO
will convert it on the fly into a virtual FITS image with the basic set
of required header keywords before it is opened by the application
program (with READONLY access).  In this case the data type and
dimensions of the image must be specified in square brackets following
the filename (e.g. rawfile.dat[ib512,512]). The first character (case
insensitive) defines the datatype of the array:

\begin{verbatim}
     b         8-bit unsigned byte
     i        16-bit signed integer
     u        16-bit unsigned integer
     j        32-bit signed integer
     r or f   32-bit floating point
     d        64-bit floating point
\end{verbatim}
An optional second character specifies the byte order of the array
values: b or B indicates big endian (as in FITS files and the native
format of SUN UNIX workstations and Mac PCs) and l or L indicates
little endian (native format of DEC OSF workstations and IBM PCs).  If
this character is omitted then the array is assumed to have the native
byte order of the local machine.  These datatype characters are then
followed by a series of one or more integer values separated by commas
which define the size of each dimension of the raw array.  Arrays with
up to 5 dimensions are currently supported.  Finally, a byte offset to
the position of the first pixel in the data file may be specified by
separating it with a ':' from the last dimension value.  If omitted, it
is assumed that the offset = 0.  This parameter may be used to skip
over any header information in the file that precedes the binary data.
Further examples:

\begin{verbatim}
  raw.dat[b10000]           1-dimensional 10000 pixel byte array
  raw.dat[rb400,400,12]     3-dimensional floating point big-endian array
  img.fits[ib512,512:2880]  reads the 512 x 512 short integer array in
                            a FITS file, skipping over the 2880 byte header
\end{verbatim}

One special case of input file is where the filename = `-' (a dash or
minus sign) or 'stdin' or 'stdout', which signifies that the input file
is to be read from the stdin stream, or written to the stdout stream if
a new output file is being created.  In the case of reading from stdin,
CFITSIO first copies the whole stream into a temporary FITS file (in
memory or on disk), and subsequent reading of the FITS file occurs in
this copy.  When writing to stdout, CFITSIO first constructs the whole
file in memory (since random access is required), then flushes it out
to the stdout stream when the file is closed.   In addition, if the
output filename = '-.gz' or 'stdout.gz' then it will be gzip compressed
before being written to stdout.

This ability to read and write on the stdin and stdout steams allows
FITS files to be piped between tasks in memory rather than having to
create temporary intermediate FITS files on disk.  For example if task1
creates an output FITS file, and task2 reads an input FITS file, the
FITS file may be piped between the 2 tasks by specifying

\begin{verbatim}
   task1 - | task2 -
\end{verbatim}
where the vertical bar is the Unix piping symbol.  This assumes that the 2
tasks read the name of the FITS file off of the command line.


\section{Output File Name when Opening an Existing File}

An optional output filename may be specified in parentheses immediately
following the base file name to be opened.  This is mainly useful in
those cases where CFITSIO creates a temporary copy of the input FITS
file before it is opened and passed to the application program.  This
happens by default when opening a network FTP or HTTP-type file, when
reading a compressed FITS file on a local disk, when reading from the
stdin stream, or when a column filter, row filter, or binning specifier
is included as part of the input file specification.  By default this
temporary file is created in memory.  If there is not enough memory to
create the file copy, then CFITSIO will exit with an error.   In these
cases one can force a permanent file to be created on disk, instead of
a temporary file in memory, by supplying the name in parentheses
immediately following the base file name.  The output filename can
include the '!' clobber flag.

Thus, if the input filename to CFITSIO is:
\verb+file1.fits.gz(file2.fits)+
then CFITSIO will uncompress `file1.fits.gz' into the local disk file
`file2.fits' before opening it.  CFITSIO does not automatically delete
the output file, so it will still exist after the application program
exits.

In some cases, several different temporary FITS files will be created
in sequence, for instance, if one opens a remote file using FTP, then
filters rows in a binary table extension, then create an image by
binning a pair of columns.  In this case, the remote file will be
copied to a temporary local file, then a second temporary file will be
created containing the filtered rows of the table, and finally a third
temporary file containing the binned image will be created.  In cases
like this where multiple files are created, the outfile specifier will
be interpreted the name of the final file as described below, in descending
priority:

\begin{itemize}
\item
as the name of the final image file if an image within a single binary
table cell is opened or if an image is created by binning a table column.
\item
as the name of the file containing the filtered table if a column filter
and/or a row filter are specified.
\item
as the name of the local copy of the remote FTP or HTTP file.
\item
as the name of the uncompressed version of the FITS file, if a
compressed FITS file on local disk has been opened.
\item
otherwise, the output filename is ignored.
\end{itemize}


The output file specifier is useful when reading FTP or HTTP-type
FITS files since it can be used to create a local disk copy of the file
that can be reused in the future.  If the output file name = `*' then a
local file with the same name as the network file will be created.
Note that CFITSIO will behave differently depending on whether the
remote file is compressed or not as shown by the following examples:
\begin{itemize}
\item
`ftp://remote.machine/tmp/myfile.fits.gz(*)' - the remote compressed
file is copied to the local compressed file `myfile.fits.gz', which
is then uncompressed in local memory before being opened and passed
to the application program.

\item
`ftp://remote.machine/tmp/myfile.fits.gz(myfile.fits)' - the remote
compressed file is copied and uncompressed into the local file
`myfile.fits'.  This example requires less local memory than the
previous example since the file is uncompressed on disk instead of
in memory.

\item
`ftp://remote.machine/tmp/myfile.fits(myfile.fits.gz)' - this will
usually produce an error since CFITSIO itself cannot compress files.
\end{itemize}

The exact behavior of CFITSIO in the latter case depends on the type of
ftp server running on the remote machine and how it is configured.  In
some cases, if the file `myfile.fits.gz' exists on the remote machine,
then the server will copy it to the local machine.  In other cases the
ftp server will automatically create and transmit a compressed version
of the file if only the uncompressed version exists.  This can get
rather confusing, so users should use a certain amount of caution when
using the output file specifier with FTP or HTTP file types, to make
sure they get the behavior that they expect.


\section{Template File Name when Creating a New File}

When a new FITS file is created with a call to fits\_create\_file, the
name of a template file may be supplied in parentheses immediately
following the name of the new file to be created.  This template is
used to define the structure of one or more HDUs in the new file.  The
template file may be another FITS file, in which case the newly created
file will have exactly the same keywords in each HDU as in the template
FITS file, but all the data units will be filled with zeros.  The
template file may also be an ASCII text file, where each line (in
general) describes one FITS keyword record.  The format of the ASCII
template file is described below.


\section{Image Tile-Compression Specification}

When specifying the name of the output FITS file to be created, the
user can indicate that images should be written in tile-compressed
format (see section 5.5, ``Primary Array or IMAGE Extension I/O
Routines'') by enclosing the compression parameters in square brackets
following the root disk file name.  Here are some examples of the
syntax for specifying tile-compressed output images:

\begin{verbatim}
    myfile.fit[compress]    - use Rice algorithm and default tile size

    myfile.fit[compress GZIP] - use the specified compression algorithm;
    myfile.fit[compress Rice]     only the first letter of the algorithm
    myfile.fit[compress PLIO]     name is required.

    myfile.fit[compress Rice 100,100]   - use 100 x 100 pixel tile size
    myfile.fit[compress Rice 100,100;2] - as above, and use noisebits = 2
\end{verbatim}


\section{HDU Location Specification}

The optional HDU location specifier defines which HDU (Header-Data
Unit, also known as an `extension') within the FITS file to initially
open.  It must immediately follow the base file name (or the output
file name if present).  If it is not specified then the first HDU (the
primary array) is opened.  The HDU location specifier is required if
the colFilter, rowFilter, or binSpec specifiers are present, because
the primary array is not a valid HDU for these operations. The HDU may
be specified either by absolute position number, starting with 0 for
the primary array, or by reference to the HDU name, and optionally, the
version number and the HDU type of the desired extension.  The location
of an image within a single cell of a binary table may also be
specified, as described below.

The absolute position of the extension is specified either by enclosed
the number in square brackets (e.g., `[1]' = the first extension
following the primary array) or by preceded the number with a plus sign
(`+1').  To specify the HDU by name, give the name of the desired HDU
(the value of the EXTNAME or HDUNAME keyword) and optionally the
extension version number (value of the EXTVER keyword) and the
extension type (value of the XTENSION keyword: IMAGE, ASCII or TABLE,
or BINTABLE), separated by commas and all enclosed in square brackets.
If the value of EXTVER and XTENSION are not specified, then the first
extension with the correct value of EXTNAME is opened. The extension
name and type are not case sensitive, and the extension type may be
abbreviated to a single letter (e.g., I = IMAGE extension or primary
array, A or T = ASCII table extension, and B = binary table BINTABLE
extension).   If the HDU location specifier is equal to `[PRIMARY]' or
`[P]', then the primary array (the first HDU) will be opened.

FITS images are most commonly stored in the primary array or an image
extension, but images can also be stored as a vector in a single cell
of a binary table (i.e. each row of the vector column contains a
different image).  Such an image can be opened with CFITSIO by
specifying the desired column  name and the row number after the binary
table HDU specifier as shown in the following examples. The column name
is separated from the HDU specifier by a semicolon and the row number
is enclosed in parentheses.  In this case CFITSIO copies the image from
the table cell into a temporary primary array before it is opened.  The
application program then just sees the image in the primary array,
without any extensions.  The particular row to be opened may be
specified either by giving an absolute integer row number (starting
with 1 for the first row), or by specifying a boolean expression that
evaluates to TRUE for the desired row.  The first row that satisfies
the expression will be used.  The row selection expression has the same
syntax as described in the Row Filter Specifier section, below.

 Examples:

\begin{verbatim}
   myfile.fits[3] - open the 3rd HDU following the primary array
   myfile.fits+3  - same as above, but using the FTOOLS-style notation
   myfile.fits[EVENTS] - open the extension that has EXTNAME = 'EVENTS'
   myfile.fits[EVENTS, 2]  - same as above, but also requires EXTVER = 2
   myfile.fits[events,2,b] - same, but also requires XTENSION = 'BINTABLE'
   myfile.fits[3; images(17)] - opens the image in row 17 of the 'images'
                                column in the 3rd extension of the file.
   myfile.fits[3; images(exposure > 100)] - as above, but opens the image
                   in the first row that has an 'exposure' column value
                   greater than 100.
\end{verbatim}


\section{Image Section}

A virtual file containing a rectangular subsection of an image can be
extracted and opened by specifying the range of pixels (start:end)
along each axis to be extracted from the original image.  One can also
specify an optional pixel increment (start:end:step) for each axis of
the input image.  A pixel step = 1 will be assumed if it is not
specified.  If the start pixel is larger then the end pixel, then the
image will be flipped (producing a mirror image) along that dimension.
An asterisk, '*', may be used to specify the entire range of an axis,
and '-*' will flip the entire axis. The input image can be in the
primary array, in an image extension, or contained in a vector cell of
a binary table. In the later 2 cases the extension name or number must
be specified before the image section specifier.

 Examples:

\begin{verbatim}
  myfile.fits[1:512:2, 2:512:2] -  open a 256x256 pixel image
              consisting of the odd numbered columns (1st axis) and
              the even numbered rows (2nd axis) of the image in the
              primary array of the file.

  myfile.fits[*, 512:256] - open an image consisting of all the columns
              in the input image, but only rows 256 through 512.
              The image will be flipped along the 2nd axis since
              the starting pixel is greater than the ending pixel.

  myfile.fits[*:2, 512:256:2] - same as above but keeping only
              every other row and column in the input image.

  myfile.fits[-*, *] - copy the entire image, flipping it along
              the first axis.

  myfile.fits[3][1:256,1:256] - opens a subsection of the image that
              is in the 3rd extension of the file.

  myfile.fits[4; images(12)][1:10,1:10] - open an image consisting
	      of the first 10 pixels in both dimensions. The original
	      image resides in the 12th row of the 'images' vector
	      column in the table in the 4th extension of the file.
\end{verbatim}

When CFITSIO opens an image section it first creates a temporary file
containing the image section plus a copy of any other HDUs in the
file.  This temporary file is then opened by the application program,
so it is not possible to write to or modify the input file when
specifying an image section.  Note that CFITSIO automatically updates
the world coordinate system keywords in the header of the image
section, if they exist, so that the coordinate associated with each
pixel in the image section will be computed correctly.


\section{Image Transform Filters}

CFITSIO can apply a user-specified mathematical function to the value
of every pixel in a FITS image, thus creating a new virtual image
in computer memory that is then opened and read by the application
program.  The original FITS image is not modified by this process.

The image transformation specifier is appended to the input
FITS file name and is enclosed in square brackets.  It begins with the
letters 'PIX' to distinguish it from other types of FITS file filters
that are recognized by CFITSIO.  The image transforming function may
use any of the mathematical operators listed in the following
'Row Filtering Specification' section of this document.
Some examples of  image transform filters are:

\begin{verbatim}
 [pix X * 2.0]               - multiply each pixel by 2.0
 [pix sqrt(X)]               - take the square root of each pixel
 [pix X + #ZEROPT            - add the value of the ZEROPT keyword
 [pix X>0 ? log10(X) : -99.] - if the pixel value is greater
                               than 0, compute the base 10 log,
                               else set the pixel = -99.
\end{verbatim}
Use the letter 'X' in the expression to represent the current pixel value
in the image.  The expression is evaluated
independently for each pixel in the image and may be a function of 1) the
original pixel value, 2) the value of other pixels in the image at
a given relative offset from the position of the pixel that is being
evaluated, and 3) the value of
any header keywords.  Header keyword values are represented
by the name of the keyword preceded by the '\#' sign.


To access the the value of adjacent pixels in the image,
specify the (1-D) offset from the current pixel in curly brackets.
For example

\begin{verbatim}
 [pix  (x{-1} + x + x{+1}) / 3]
\end{verbatim}
will replace each pixel value with the running mean of the values of that
pixel and it's 2 neighboring pixels.  Note that in this notation the image
is treated as a 1-D array, where each row of the image (or higher dimensional
cube) is appended one after another in one long array of pixels.
It is possible to refer to pixels
in the rows above or below the current pixel by using the value of the
NAXIS1 header keyword.  For example

\begin{verbatim}
 [pix (x{-#NAXIS1} + x + x{#NAXIS1}) / 3]
\end{verbatim}
will compute the mean of each image pixel and the pixels immediately
above and below it in the adjacent rows of the image.
The following more complex example
creates a smoothed virtual image where each pixel
is a 3 x 3 boxcar average of the input image pixels:

\begin{verbatim}
  [pix (X + X{-1} + X{+1}
      + X{-#NAXIS1} + X{-#NAXIS1 - 1} + X{-#NAXIS1 + 1}
      + X{#NAXIS1} + X{#NAXIS1 - 1} + X{#NAXIS1 + 1}) / 9.]
\end{verbatim}
If the pixel offset
extends beyond the first or last pixel in the image, the function will
evaluate to undefined, or NULL.

For  complex  or commonly used image filtering operations,
one  can  write the expression into an external text  file and
then import it  into the
filter using  the syntax '[pix @filename.txt]'.   The mathematical
expression can
extend over multiple lines of text in the  file.
Any lines in the external text file
that begin with 2 slash characters ('//') will be ignored and may be
used to add comments into the file.

When using column filtering to open a file ``on the fly,'' it is permitted
to use multiple column filtering expressions.  For example, the
syntax
\begin{verbatim}
  filename.fits[col *][col -Y][col Z=X+1]
\end{verbatim}
would be treated as equivalent to joining the expressions with semicolons, 
or
\begin{verbatim}
  filename.fits[col *; -Y;col Z=X+1]
\end{verbatim}
Please note that if multiple column filtering expressions are used, it is
not permitted to also use the \verb+[col @filename.txt]+ syntax in any
of the individual expressions.

By default, the datatype of the resulting image will be the same as
the original image, but one may force a different datatype by appended
a code letter to the 'pix' keyword:

\begin{verbatim}
      pixb  -  8-bit byte    image with BITPIX =   8
      pixi  - 16-bit integer image with BITPIX =  16
      pixj  - 32-bit integer image with BITPIX =  32
      pixr  - 32-bit float   image with BITPIX = -32
      pixd  - 64-bit float   image with BITPIX = -64
\end{verbatim}
Also by default, any other HDUs in the input file will be copied without
change to the
output virtual FITS file, but one may discard the other HDUs by adding
the number '1' to the 'pix' keyword (and following any optional datatype code
letter).  For example:

\begin{verbatim}
     myfile.fits[3][pixr1  sqrt(X)]
\end{verbatim}
will create a virtual FITS file containing only a primary array image
with 32-bit floating point pixels that have a value equal to the square
root of the pixels in the image that is in the 3rd extension
of the 'myfile.fits' file.




\section{Column and Keyword Filtering Specification}

The optional column/keyword filtering specifier is used to modify the
column structure and/or the header keywords in the HDU that was
selected with the previous HDU location specifier. This filtering
specifier must be enclosed in square brackets and can be distinguished
from a general row filter specifier (described below) by the fact that
it begins with the string 'col ' and is not immediately followed by an
equals sign.  The original file is not changed by this filtering
operation, and instead the modifications are made on a copy of the
input FITS file (usually in memory), which also contains a copy of all
the other HDUs in the file.  This temporary file is passed to the
application program and will persist only until the file is closed or
until the program exits, unless the outfile specifier (see above) is
also supplied.

The column/keyword filter can be used to perform the following
operations.  More than one operation may be specified by separating
them with commas or semi-colons.

\begin{itemize}

\item
Copy only a specified list of columns columns to the filtered input file.
The list of column name should be separated by commas or semi-colons.  Wild card
characters may be used in the column names to match multiple columns.
If the expression contains both a list of columns to be included and
columns to be deleted, then all the columns in the original table
except the explicitly deleted columns will appear in the filtered
table (i.e., there is no need to explicitly list the columns to
be included if any columns are being deleted).

\item
Delete a column or keyword by listing the name preceded by a minus
sign or an exclamation mark (!), e.g., '-TIME' will delete the TIME
column if it exists, otherwise the TIME keyword.  An error is returned
if neither a column nor keyword with this name exists.  Note  that the
exclamation point,  '!', is a special UNIX character, so if it is used
on the command line rather than entered at a task prompt, it must be
preceded by a backslash to force the UNIX shell to ignore it.

\item
Rename an existing column or keyword with the syntax 'NewName ==
OldName'.  An error is returned if neither a column nor keyword with
this name exists.

\item
Append a new column or keyword to the table.  To create a column,
give the new name, optionally followed by the datatype in parentheses,
followed by a single equals sign and an  expression to be used to
compute the value (e.g., 'newcol(1J) = 0' will create a new 32-bit
integer column called 'newcol' filled with zeros).  The datatype is
specified using the same syntax that is allowed for the value of the
FITS TFORMn keyword (e.g., 'I', 'J', 'E', 'D', etc. for binary tables,
and 'I8', F12.3', 'E20.12', etc. for ASCII tables).  If the datatype is
not specified then an appropriate datatype will be chosen depending on
the form of the expression (may be a character string, logical, bit, long
integer, or double column). An appropriate vector count (in the case
of binary tables) will also be added if not explicitly specified.

When creating a new keyword, the keyword name must be preceded by a
pound sign '\#', and the expression must evaluate to a scalar
(i.e., cannot have a column name in the expression).  The comment
string for the keyword may be specified in parentheses immediately
following the keyword name (instead of supplying a datatype as in
the case of creating a new column).  If the keyword name ends with a
pound sign '\#', then cfitsio will substitute the number of the
most recently referenced column for the \# character .
This is especially useful when writing
a column-related keyword like TUNITn for a newly created column,
as shown in the following examples.

COMMENT and HISTORY keywords may also be created with the following syntax:

\begin{verbatim}
   #COMMENT = 'This is a comment keyword'
   #HISTORY = 'This is a history keyword'
\end{verbatim}
Note that the equal sign and the quote characters will be removed, so
that the resulting header keywords in these cases will look like this:

\begin{verbatim}
   COMMENT This is a comment keyword
   HISTORY This is a history keyword
\end{verbatim}
These two special keywords are always appended to the end of the header
and will not affect any previously existing COMMENT or HISTORY keywords.

\item
Recompute (overwrite) the values in an existing column or keyword by
giving the name followed by an equals sign and an arithmetic
expression.
\end{itemize}

The expression that is used when appending or recomputing columns or
keywords can be arbitrarily complex and may be a function of other
header keyword values and other columns (in the same row).  The full
syntax and available functions for the expression are described below
in the row filter specification section.

If the expression contains both a list of columns to be included and
columns to be deleted, then all the columns in the original table
except the explicitly deleted columns will appear in the filtered
table.  If no columns to be deleted are specified, then only the
columns that are explicitly listed will be included in the filtered
output table.  To include all the columns, add the '*' wildcard
specifier at the end of the list, as shown in the examples.

For  complex  or commonly used operations,  one  can also  place the
operations into an external text  file and import it  into the  column
filter using  the syntax '[col @filename.txt]'.   The operations can
extend over multiple lines of the  file, but multiple operations must
still be separated by commas or semi-colons.   Any lines in the external text file
that begin with 2 slash characters ('//') will be ignored and may be
used to add comments into the file.

Examples:

\begin{verbatim}
   [col Time, rate]              - only the Time and rate columns will
                                   appear in the filtered input file.

   [col Time, *raw]              - include the Time column and any other
                                   columns whose name ends with 'raw'.

   [col -TIME; Good == STATUS]   - deletes the TIME column and
                                   renames the status column to 'Good'

   [col PI=PHA * 1.1 + 0.2; #TUNIT#(column units) = 'counts';*]
                                 - creates new PI column from PHA values
                                   and also writes the TUNITn keyword
                                   for the new column.  The final '*'
                                   expression means preserve all the
                                   columns in the input table in the
                                   virtual output table;  without the '*'
                                   the output table would only contain
                                   the single 'PI' column.

   [col rate = rate/exposure, TUNIT#(&) = 'counts/s';*]
                                 - recomputes the rate column by dividing
                                   it by the EXPOSURE keyword value. This
                                   also modifies the value of the TUNITn
                                   keyword for this column. The use of the
                                   '&' character for the keyword comment
                                   string means preserve the existing
                                   comment string for that keyword. The
                                   final '*' preserves all the columns
                                   in the input table in the virtual
                                   output table.
\end{verbatim}


\section{Row Filtering Specification}

    When entering the name of a FITS table that is to be opened by a
    program, an optional row filter may be specified to select a subset
    of the rows in the table.  A temporary new FITS file is created on
    the fly which contains only those rows for which the row filter
    expression evaluates to true.  (The primary array and any other
    extensions in the input file are also copied to the temporary
    file).  The original FITS file is closed and the new virtual file
    is opened by the application program.  The row filter expression is
    enclosed in square brackets following the file name and extension
    name (e.g., 'file.fits[events][GRADE==50]'  selects only those rows
    where the GRADE column value equals 50).   When dealing with tables
    where each row has an associated time and/or 2D spatial position,
    the row filter expression can also be used to select rows based on
    the times in a Good Time Intervals (GTI) extension, or on spatial
    position as given in a SAO-style region file.


\subsection{General Syntax}

    The row filtering  expression can be an arbitrarily  complex series
    of operations performed  on constants,  keyword values,  and column
    data taken from the specified FITS TABLE extension.  The expression
    must evaluate to a boolean  value for each row  of the table, where
    a value of FALSE means that the row will be excluded.

    For complex or commonly  used filters, one can place the expression
    into a text file and import it into the row filter using the syntax
    '[@filename.txt]'.  The expression can be  arbitrarily complex and
    extend over multiple lines of the file.  Any lines in the external
    text file that begin with 2 slash characters ('//') will be ignored
    and may be used to add comments into the file.

    Keyword and   column data  are referenced by   name.  Any  string of
    characters not surrounded by    quotes (ie, a constant  string)   or
    followed by   an open parentheses (ie,   a  function name)   will be
    initially interpreted   as a column  name and  its contents for the
    current row inserted into the expression.  If no such column exists,
    a keyword of that  name will be searched for  and its value used, if
    found.  To force the  name to be  interpreted as a keyword (in case
    there is both a column and keyword with the  same name), precede the
    keyword name with a single pound sign, '\#', as in '\#NAXIS2'.  Due to
    the generalities of FITS column and  keyword names, if the column or
    keyword name  contains a space or a  character which might appear as
    an arithmetic  term then enclose  the  name in '\$'  characters as in
    \$MAX PHA\$ or \#\$MAX-PHA\$.  Names are case insensitive.

    To access a table entry in a row other  than the current one, follow
    the  column's name  with  a row  offset  within  curly  braces.  For
    example, 'PHA\{-3\}' will evaluate to the value  of column PHA, 3 rows
    above  the  row currently  being processed.   One  cannot specify an
    absolute row number, only a relative offset.  Rows that fall outside
    the table will be treated as undefined, or NULLs.

    When using row filtering to open a file ``on the fly,'' it is permitted
    to use multiple row filtering expressions.  For example, the expression
\begin{verbatim}
  filename.fits[#ROW > 5][X.gt.7]
\end{verbatim}
would be treated as equivalent to joining the expressions with logical ``and''
like this,
\begin{verbatim}
  filename.fits[(#ROW > 5)&&(X.gt.7)]
\end{verbatim}
Please note that if multiple row filtering expressions are used, it is
not permitted to also use the \verb+[@filename.txt]+ syntax in any
of the individual expressions.
    

%% 
%% 

    Boolean   operators can be  used in  the expression  in either their
    Fortran or C forms.  The following boolean operators are available:

\begin{verbatim}
    "equal"         .eq. .EQ. ==  "not equal"          .ne.  .NE.  !=
    "less than"     .lt. .LT. <   "less than/equal"    .le.  .LE.  <= =<
    "greater than"  .gt. .GT. >   "greater than/equal" .ge.  .GE.  >= =>
    "or"            .or. .OR. ||  "and"                .and. .AND. &&
    "negation"     .not. .NOT. !  "approx. equal(1e-7)"  ~
\end{verbatim}

Note that the exclamation point, '!', is a special UNIX character, so
if it is used on the command line rather than entered at a task
prompt, it must be preceded by a backslash to force the UNIX shell to
ignore it.

The expression may  also include arithmetic operators and functions.
Trigonometric  functions use  radians,  not degrees.  The  following
arithmetic  operators and  functions  can be  used in the expression
(function names are case insensitive).  A null value will be returned
in case of illegal operations such as divide by zero, sqrt(negative)
log(negative), log10(negative), arccos(.gt. 1), arcsin(.gt. 1).

\begin{verbatim}
    "addition"           +          "subtraction"          -
    "multiplication"     *          "division"             /
    "negation"           -          "exponentiation"       **   ^
    "absolute value"     abs(x)     "cosine"               cos(x)
    "sine"               sin(x)     "tangent"              tan(x)
    "arc cosine"         arccos(x)  "arc sine"             arcsin(x)
    "arc tangent"        arctan(x)  "arc tangent"          arctan2(y,x)
    "hyperbolic cos"     cosh(x)    "hyperbolic sin"       sinh(x)
    "hyperbolic tan"     tanh(x)    "round to nearest int" round(x)
    "round down to int"  floor(x)   "round up to int"      ceil(x)
    "exponential"        exp(x)     "square root"          sqrt(x)
    "natural log"        log(x)     "common log"           log10(x)
    "error function"     erf(x)     "complement of erf"    erfc(x)
    "gamma function"     gamma(x)
    "modulus"            x % y      
    "bitwise AND"        x & y      "bitwise OR"           x | y
    "bitwise XOR"        x ^^ y     (bitwise operators are 32-bit int only)
    "random # [0.0,1.0)" random()
    "random Gaussian"    randomn()  "random Poisson"       randomp(x)
    "minimum"            min(x,y)   "maximum"              max(x,y)
    "cumulative sum"     accum(x)   "sequential difference" seqdiff(x)
    "if-then-else"       b?x:y
    "angular separation" angsep(ra1,dec1,ra2,de2) (all in degrees)
    "substring"          strmid(s,p,n) "string search"     strstr(s,r)
\end{verbatim}
The bitwise operators for AND, OR and XOR operate upon 32-bit integer 
expressions only.

Three different random number functions are provided: random(), with
no arguments, produces a uniform random deviate between 0 and 1;
randomn(), also with no arguments, produces a normal (Gaussian) random
deviate with zero mean and unit standard deviation; randomp(x)
produces a Poisson random deviate whose expected number of counts is
X.  X may be any positive real number of expected counts, including
fractional values, but the return value is an integer.

When the random functions are used in a vector expression, by default
the same random value will be used when evaluating each element of the
vector.  If different random numbers are desired, then the name of a
vector column should be supplied as the single argument to the random
function (e.g., "flux + 0.1 * random(flux)", where "flux" is the name
of a vector column).  This will create a vector of random numbers that
will be used in sequence when evaluating each element of the vector
expression.

An alternate syntax for the min and max functions  has only a single
argument which  should be  a  vector value (see  below).  The result
will be the minimum/maximum element contained within the vector.

The accum(x) function forms the cumulative sum of x, element by
element.  Vector columns are supported simply by performing the
summation process through all the values.  Null values are treated as
0.  The seqdiff(x) function forms the sequential difference of x,
element by element.  The first value of seqdiff is the first value of
x.  A single null value in x causes a pair of nulls in the output.
The seqdiff and accum functions are functional inverses, i.e.,
seqdiff(accum(x)) == x as long as no null values are present.

In the if-then-else expression, "b?x:y", b is an explicit boolean
value or expression.  There is no automatic type conversion from
numeric to boolean values, so one needs to use "iVal!=0" instead of
merely "iVal" as the boolean argument. x and y can be any scalar data
type (including string).

The angsep function computes the angular separation in degrees between
2 celestial positions, where the first 2 parameters give the RA-like
and Dec-like coordinates (in decimal degrees) of the first position,
and the 3rd and 4th parameters give the coordinates of the second
position.

The substring function strmid(S,P,N) extracts a substring from S,
starting at string position P, with a substring length N.  The first
character position in S is labeled as 1. If P is 0, or refers to a
position beyond the end of S, then the extracted substring will be
NULL.  S, P, and N may be functions of other columns.

The string search function strstr(S,R) searches for the first
occurrence of the substring R in S.  The result is an integer,
indicating the character position of the first match (where 1 is the
first character position of S).  If no match is found, then strstr()
returns a NULL value.

The following type casting operators are available, where the
enclosing parentheses are required and taken from the C language
usage. Also, the integer to real casts values to double precision:

\begin{verbatim}
                "real to integer"    (int) x     (INT) x
                "integer to real"    (float) i   (FLOAT) i
\end{verbatim}

    In addition, several constants are built in  for  use  in  numerical
    expressions:


\begin{verbatim}
        #pi              3.1415...      #e             2.7182...
        #deg             #pi/180        #row           current row number
        #null         undefined value   #snull         undefined string
\end{verbatim}

    A  string constant must  be enclosed  in quotes  as in  'Crab'.  The
    "null" constants  are useful for conditionally  setting table values
    to a NULL, or undefined, value (eg., "col1==-99 ? \#NULL : col1").

    Integer constants may be specified using the following notation,
\begin{verbatim}
           13245   decimal integer
           0x12f3  hexidecimal integer
           0o1373  octal integer
           0b01001 binary integer
\end{verbatim}
    Note that integer constants are only allowed to be 32-bit, i.e.
    between -2^(31) and +2^(31).  Integer constants may be used in any
    arithmetic expression where an integer would be appropriate.  Thus,
    they are distinct from bitmasks (which may be of arbitrary length,
    allow the "wildcard" bit, and may only be used in logical
    expressions; see below).

    There is also a function for testing if  two  values  are  close  to
    each  other,  i.e.,  if  they are "near" each other to within a user
    specified tolerance. The  arguments,  value\_1  and  value\_2  can  be
    integer  or  real  and  represent  the two values who's proximity is
    being tested to be within the specified tolerance, also  an  integer
    or real:

\begin{verbatim}
                    near(value_1, value_2, tolerance)
\end{verbatim}
    When  a  NULL, or undefined, value is encountered in the FITS table,
    the expression will evaluate to NULL unless the undefined  value  is
    not   actually   required  for  evaluation,  e.g. "TRUE  .or.  NULL"
    evaluates to TRUE. The  following  two  functions  allow  some  NULL
    detection  and  handling:

\begin{verbatim}
         "a null value?"              ISNULL(x)
         "define a value for null"    DEFNULL(x,y)
         "declare certain value null" SETNULL(x,y)
\end{verbatim}
    ISNULL(x)
    returns a boolean value of TRUE if the  argument  x  is  NULL. DEFNULL(x,y)
    "defines"  a  value  to  be  substituted  for NULL values; it
    returns the value of x if x is not NULL, otherwise  it  returns  the
    value of y.  SETNULL(x,y) allows NULL values to be inserted into
    a variable; if x==y, a NULL value is returned; otherwise y is returned
    (x and y must be numerical, and x must be a scalar).

\subsection{Bit Masks}

    Bit  masks can be used to select out rows from bit columns (TFORMn =
    \#X) in FITS files. To represent the mask,  binary,  octal,  and  hex
    formats are allowed:


\begin{verbatim}
                 binary:   b0110xx1010000101xxxx0001
                 octal:    o720x1 -> (b111010000xxx001)
                 hex:      h0FxD  -> (b00001111xxxx1101)
\end{verbatim}

    In  all  the  representations, an x or X is allowed in the mask as a
    wild card. Note that the x represents a  different  number  of  wild
    card  bits  in  each  representation.  All  representations are case
    insensitive.  Although bitmasks may be of arbitrary length and contain
    a wildcard, they may only be used in logical expressions, unlike 
    integer constants (see above) which may be used in any arithmetic
    expression.

    To construct the boolean expression using the mask  as  the  boolean
    equal  operator  described above on a bit table column. For example,
    if you had a 7 bit column named flags in a  FITS  table  and  wanted
    all  rows  having  the bit pattern 0010011, the selection expression
    would be:


\begin{verbatim}
                            flags == b0010011
    or
                            flags .eq. b10011
\end{verbatim}

    It is also possible to test if a range of bits is  less  than,  less
    than  equal,  greater  than  and  greater than equal to a particular
    boolean value:


\begin{verbatim}
                            flags <= bxxx010xx
                            flags .gt. bxxx100xx
                            flags .le. b1xxxxxxx
\end{verbatim}

    Notice the use of the x bit value to limit the range of  bits  being
    compared.

    It  is  not necessary to specify the leading (most significant) zero
    (0) bits in the mask, as shown in the second expression above.

    Bit wise AND, OR and NOT operations are  also  possible  on  two  or
    more  bit  fields  using  the  '\&'(AND),  '$|$'(OR),  and the '!'(NOT)
    operators. All of these operators result in a bit  field  which  can
    then be used with the equal operator. For example:


\begin{verbatim}
                          (!flags) == b1101100
                          (flags & b1000001) == bx000001
\end{verbatim}

    Bit  fields can be appended as well using the '+' operator.  Strings
    can be concatenated this way, too.


\subsection{Vector Columns}

    Vector columns can also be used  in  building  the  expression.   No
    special  syntax  is required if one wants to operate on all elements
    of the vector.  Simply use the column name as for a  scalar  column.
    Vector  columns  can  be  freely  intermixed  with scalar columns or
    constants in virtually all expressions.  The result will be  of  the
    same dimension as the vector.  Two vectors in an expression, though,
    need to  have  the  same  number  of  elements  and  have  the  same
    dimensions.   The  only  places  a vector column cannot be used (for
    now, anyway) are the SAO  region  functions  and  the  NEAR  boolean
    function.

    Arithmetic and logical operations are all performed on an element by
    element basis.  Comparing two vector columns,  eg  "COL1  ==  COL2",
    thus  results  in  another vector of boolean values indicating which
    elements of the two vectors are equal.

    Several functions are available that operate on a vector.  All but
    the last two return a scalar result:

\begin{verbatim}
    "minimum"      MIN(V)          "maximum"               MAX(V)
    "average"      AVERAGE(V)      "median"                MEDIAN(V)
    "summation"    SUM(V)          "standard deviation"    STDDEV(V)
    "# of values"  NELEM(V)        "# of non-null values"  NVALID(V)
    "# axes"       NAXIS(V)        "axis dimension"        NAXES(V,n)
    "axis pos'n"   AXISELEM(V,n)   "vector element pos'n"  ELEMENTNUM(V)
                                   "promote to array"      ARRAY(X,d)
\end{verbatim}
    where V represents the name of a vector column or a manually
    constructed vector using curly brackets as described below.  The
    first 6 of these functions ignore any null values in the vector when
    computing the result.  The STDDEV() function computes the sample
    standard deviation, i.e. it is proportional to 1/SQRT(N-1) instead
    of 1/SQRT(N), where N is NVALID(V).

    The NAXIS(V) function returns the number of axes of the vector,
    for example a 2D array would be NAXIS(V) == 2.  The NAXES(V,n)
    function returns the dimension of axis n, for example a 4x2 array
    would have NAXES(V,1) == 4.  The ELEMENTNUM(V) and AXISELEM(V,n)
    functions return vectors of the same size as the input vector V.
    ELEMENTNUM(V) returns the vector element position for each element
    in the vector, starting from 1 in each row.  The AXISELEM(V,n)
    function is similar but returns the element position of axis n
    only.

    The SUM function literally sums all  the elements in x,  returning a
    scalar value.   If x  is  a  boolean  vector, SUM returns the number
    of TRUE elements. The NELEM function  returns the number of elements
    in vector x whereas NVALID return the number of non-null elements in
    the  vector.   (NELEM  also  operates  on  bit  and string  columns,
    returning their column widths.)  As an example, to  test whether all
    elements of two vectors satisfy a  given logical comparison, one can
    use the expression

\begin{verbatim}
              SUM( COL1 > COL2 ) == NELEM( COL1 )
\end{verbatim}

    which will return TRUE if all elements  of  COL1  are  greater  than
    their corresponding elements in COL2.

    The ARRAY(X,d) function promotes scalar value X to a vector (or
    array) table element.  X may be any scalar-valued item, including
    a column, an expression, or a constant value.  The resulting
    vector or array will have the same scalar value replicated into
    each element position.  This may be a useful way to construct
    large arrays without using the cumbersome \{vector\} notation. The
    dimensions of the new array are given by the second argument, d.
    d can either be a single constant integer value, or a vector of up
    to five dimensions of the form \{Nx,Ny,...\}.  Thus, ARRAY(TIME,4)
    would promote TIME to be a 4-vector, and ARRAY(0, \{2,3,1\}) would
    construct an array of all 0's with dimensions $2\times 3\times 1$.

    A second form of ARRAY(X,d) can be used where X is a vector or
    array, and the dimensions d merely change the dimensions of X
    without changing the total number of vector elements.  This is a
    way to re-dimension an existing array.  For example,
    ARRAY(\{1,2,3,4\},{2,2}) would transform the 4-vector into a
    $2\times 2$ array.

    To  specify  a  single  element  of  a  vector, give the column name
    followed by  a  comma-separated  list  of  coordinates  enclosed  in
    square  brackets.  For example, if a vector column named PHAS exists
    in the table as a one dimensional, 256  component  list  of  numbers
    from  which  you  wanted to select the 57th component for use in the
    expression, then PHAS[57] would do the  trick.   Higher  dimensional
    arrays  of  data  may appear in a column.  But in order to interpret
    them, the TDIMn keyword must appear in the header.  Assuming that  a
    (4,4,4,4)  array  is packed into each row of a column named ARRAY4D,
    the  (1,2,3,4)  component  element  of  each  row  is  accessed   by
    ARRAY4D[1,2,3,4].    Arrays   up   to   dimension  5  are  currently
    supported.  Each vector index can itself be an expression,  although
    it  must  evaluate  to  an  integer  value  within the bounds of the
    vector.  Vector columns which contain spaces or arithmetic operators
    must   have   their   names  enclosed  in  "\$"  characters  as  with
    \$ARRAY-4D\$[1,2,3,4].

    A  more  C-like  syntax  for  specifying  vector  indices  is   also
    available.   The element used in the preceding example alternatively
    could be specified with the syntax  ARRAY4D[4][3][2][1].   Note  the
    reverse  order  of  indices  (as in C), as well as the fact that the
    values are still ones-based (as  in  Fortran  --  adopted  to  avoid
    ambiguity  for  1D vectors).  With this syntax, one does not need to
    specify all of the indices.  To  extract  a  3D  slice  of  this  4D
    array, use ARRAY4D[4].

    Variable-length vector columns are not supported.

    Vectors can  be manually constructed  within the expression  using a
    comma-separated list of  elements surrounded by curly braces ('\{\}').
    For example, '\{1,3,6,1\}' is a 4-element vector containing the values
    1, 3, 6, and 1.  The  vector can contain  only boolean, integer, and
    real values (or expressions).  The elements will  be promoted to the
    highest  datatype   present.  Any   elements   which  are themselves
    vectors, will be expanded out with  each of its elements becoming an
    element in the constructed vector.


\subsection{Good Time Interval Filtering and Calculation}

    There are two functions for filtering and calculating based
    on Good Time Intervals, or GTIs.  GTIs are commonly used to
    express fragmented time ranges that are not easy to express with a
    single start and stop time.  The time intervals are defined in a
    FITS table extension which contains 2 columns giving the
    start and stop time of each good interval.

    A common filtering method involves selecting rows which have a
    time value which lies within any GTI.  The gtifilter() filtering
    operation accepts only those rows of the input table which have an
    associated time which falls within one of the time intervals
    defined in a separate GTI extension.  gtifilter(a,b,c,d) evaluates
    each row of the input table and returns TRUE or FALSE depending
    whether the row is inside or outside the good time interval.  The
    syntax is

\begin{verbatim}
      gtifilter( [ "gtifile" [, expr [, "STARTCOL", "STOPCOL" ] ] ] )
    or
      gtifilter( [ 'gtifile' [, expr [, 'STARTCOL', 'STOPCOL' ] ] ] )
\end{verbatim}
    where  each "[]" demarks optional parameters.  Note that  the quotes
    around the gtifile and START/STOP column are required.  Either single
    or double quotes may be used.  In cases where this expression is
    entered on the Unix command line, enclose the entire expression in
    double quotes, and then use single quotes within the expression to
    enclose the 'gtifile' and other terms.  It is also usually possible
    to do the reverse, and enclose the whole expression in single quotes
    and then use double quotes within the expression.  The gtifile,
    if specified,  can be blank  ("") which will  mean to use  the first
    extension  with   the name "*GTI*"  in   the current  file,  a plain
    extension  specifier (eg, "+2",  "[2]", or "[STDGTI]") which will be
    used  to  select  an extension  in  the current  file, or  a regular
    filename with or without an extension  specifier which in the latter
    case  will mean to  use the first  extension  with an extension name
    "*GTI*".  Expr can be   any arithmetic expression, including  simply
    the time  column  name.  A  vector  time expression  will  produce a
    vector boolean  result.  STARTCOL and  STOPCOL are the  names of the
    START/STOP   columns in the    GTI extension.  If   one  of them  is
    specified, they both  must be.

    In  its  simplest form, no parameters need to be provided -- default
    values will be used.  The expression "gtifilter()" is equivalent to

\begin{verbatim}
       gtifilter( "", TIME, "*START*", "*STOP*" )
\end{verbatim}
    This will search the current file for a GTI  extension,  filter  the
    TIME  column in the current table, using START/STOP times taken from
    columns in the GTI  extension  with  names  containing  the  strings
    "START"  and "STOP".  The wildcards ('*') allow slight variations in
    naming conventions  such  as  "TSTART"  or  "STARTTIME".   The  same
    default  values  apply for unspecified parameters when the first one
    or  two  parameters  are  specified.   The  function   automatically
    searches   for   TIMEZERO/I/F   keywords  in  the  current  and  GTI
    extensions, applying a relative time offset, if necessary.

    The related function, gtifind(a,b,c,d), is similar to gtifilter()
    but instead of returning true/false, gtifind() returns the GTI
    number that brackets the requested time sample.  gtifind() returns
    the row number in the GTI table that matches the time sample, or
    -1 if the time sample is not within any GTI.  gtifind() is
    particularly useful when entries in a table must be categorized by
    which GTI the fall within.  For example, if events in an event
    list must be separated by good time interval.  The results of
    gtifind() can be used with histogram binning techniques to bin an
    event list by which GTI.
    
\begin{verbatim}
      gtifind( "gtifile" , expr [, "STARTCOL", "STOPCOL" ] )
\end{verbatim}

    The requirements for specifying the gtifile are the same as for
    gtifilter() as described above.  Like gtifilter(), the expr is
    the time-like expression and is optional (defaulting to TIME).
    The start and stop columns default to START and STOP.

    The function, gtioverlap(a,b,c,d,e), computes the overlap
    between a user-requested time range and the entries in a GTI.  The
    cases of no overlap, partial overlap, or overlap of many GTIs
    within the user requested range are handled.  gtioverlap() is very
    useful for calculating exposure times and fractional exposures of
    individual time bins, say for a light curve.  The syntax of
    gtioverlap() is

\begin{verbatim}
      gtioverlap( "gtifile" , startExpr, stopExpr [, "STARTCOL", "STOPCOL" ] )
    or
      gtioverlap( 'gtifile' , startExpr, stopExpr [, 'STARTCOL', 'STOPCOL' ] )
\end{verbatim}

    The requirements for specifying the gtifile are the same as for
    gtifilter() as described above.  Unlike gtifilter(), the startExpr
    and stopExpr are not optional.  startExpr provides a start of the
    user requested time interval.  startExpr is typically TIME, but
    can be any valid expression.  Likewise, stopExpr provides the stop
    of the user requested time interval, and can be an expression.
    For example, for a light curve with a TIME column and time bin
    size of 1.0 seconds, the expression

\begin{verbatim}
      gtioverlap('gtifile',TIME,TIME+1.0)
\end{verbatim}

    would calculate the amount of overlap exposure time between each
    one second time bin and the GTI in 'gtifile'.  In this case the
    time bin is assumed to begin at the time specified by TIME and end
    1 second later.  Neither startExpr nor stopExpr are required to be
    constant, and a light curve is not required to have a constant bin
    size.  For tables, the overlap is calculated for each entry in the
    table.

    It is also possible to calculate a single overlap value, which
    would typically be placed in a keyword.  For example, a way to to
    compute the total overlap exposure of a file whose TIME column is
    bounded by the keywords TSTART and TSTOP, overlapping with the
    specified GTI, would be

\begin{verbatim}
      #EXPOSURE = gtioverlap('gtifile',#TSTART,#TSTOP)
\end{verbatim}

    The \verb+#EXPOSURE+ syntax with a leading \+#+ ensures that the 
    requested values are treated as keywords.  Otherwise, a column
    named EXPOSURE will be created with the (constant) exposure value
    in each entry.  



\subsection{Spatial Region Filtering}

    Another common  filtering method selects rows based on whether the
    spatial position associated with each row is located within a given
    2-dimensional region.  The syntax for this high-level filter is

\begin{verbatim}
       regfilter( "regfilename" [ , Xexpr, Yexpr [ , "wcs cols" ] ] )
\end{verbatim}
    where each "[]" demarks optional parameters. The region file name
    is required and must be  enclosed in quotes.  The remaining
    parameters are optional.  There are 2 supported formats for the
    region file: ASCII file or FITS binary table.  The region file
    contains a list of one or more geometric shapes (circle,
    ellipse, box, etc.) which defines a region on the celestial sphere
    or an area within a particular 2D image.  The region file is
    typically generated using an image display program such as fv/POW
    (distribute by the HEASARC), or ds9 (distributed by the Smithsonian
    Astrophysical Observatory).  Users should refer to the documentation
    provided with these programs for more details on the syntax used in
    the region files.  The FITS region file format is defined in a document
    available from the FITS Support Office at
    http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/ registry/ region.html

    In its simplest form, (e.g., regfilter("region.reg") ) the
    coordinates in the default 'X' and 'Y' columns will be used to
    determine if each row is inside or outside the area specified in
    the region file.  Alternate position column names, or expressions,
    may be entered if needed, as in

\begin{verbatim}
        regfilter("region.reg", XPOS, YPOS)
\end{verbatim}
    Region filtering can be applied most unambiguously if the positions
    in the region file and in the table to be filtered are both give in
    terms of absolute celestial coordinate units.  In this case the
    locations and sizes of the geometric shapes in the region file are
    specified in angular units on the sky (e.g., positions given in
    R.A. and Dec.  and sizes in arcseconds or arcminutes).  Similarly,
    each row of the filtered table will have a celestial coordinate
    associated with it.  This association is usually implemented using
    a set of so-called 'World Coordinate System' (or WCS) FITS keywords
    that define the coordinate transformation that must be applied to
    the values in the 'X' and 'Y' columns to calculate the coordinate.

    Alternatively, one can perform spatial filtering using unitless
    'pixel' coordinates for the regions and row positions.  In this
    case the user must be careful to ensure that the positions in the 2
    files are self-consistent.  A typical problem is that the region
    file may be generated using a binned image, but the unbinned
    coordinates are given in the event table.  The ROSAT events files,
    for example, have X and Y pixel coordinates that range from 1 -
    15360.  These coordinates are typically binned by a factor of 32 to
    produce a 480x480 pixel image.  If one then uses a region file
    generated from this image (in image pixel units) to filter the
    ROSAT events file, then the X and Y column values must be converted
    to corresponding pixel units as in:

\begin{verbatim}
        regfilter("rosat.reg", X/32.+.5, Y/32.+.5)
\end{verbatim}
    Note that this binning conversion is not necessary if the region
    file is specified using celestial coordinate units instead of pixel
    units because CFITSIO is then able to directly compare the
    celestial coordinate of each row in the table with the celestial
    coordinates in the region file without having to know anything
    about how the image may have been binned.

    The last "wcs cols" parameter should rarely be needed. If supplied,
    this  string contains the names of the 2 columns (space or comma
    separated) which have the associated WCS keywords. If not supplied,
    the filter  will scan the X  and Y expressions for column names.
    If only one is found in each  expression, those columns will be
    used, otherwise an error will be returned.

    These region shapes are supported (names are case insensitive):

\begin{verbatim}
       Point         ( X1, Y1 )               <- One pixel square region
       Line          ( X1, Y1, X2, Y2 )       <- One pixel wide region
       Polygon       ( X1, Y1, X2, Y2, ... )  <- Rest are interiors with
       Rectangle     ( X1, Y1, X2, Y2, A )       | boundaries considered
       Box           ( Xc, Yc, Wdth, Hght, A )   V within the region
       Diamond       ( Xc, Yc, Wdth, Hght, A )
       Circle        ( Xc, Yc, R )
       Annulus       ( Xc, Yc, Rin, Rout )
       Ellipse       ( Xc, Yc, Rx, Ry, A )
       Elliptannulus ( Xc, Yc, Rinx, Riny, Routx, Routy, Ain, Aout )
       Sector        ( Xc, Yc, Amin, Amax )
\end{verbatim}
    where (Xc,Yc) is  the coordinate of  the shape's center; (X\#,Y\#) are
    the coordinates  of the shape's edges;  Rxxx are the shapes' various
    Radii or semi-major/minor  axes; and Axxx  are the angles of rotation
    (or bounding angles for Sector) in degrees.  For rotated shapes, the
    rotation angle  can  be left  off, indicating  no rotation.   Common
    alternate  names for the regions  can also be  used: rotbox = box;
    rotrectangle = rectangle;  (rot)rhombus = (rot)diamond;  and pie
    = sector.  When a  shape's name is  preceded by a minus sign, '-',
    the defined region  is instead the area  *outside* its boundary (ie,
    the region is inverted).  All the shapes within a single region
    file are OR'd together to create the region, and the order is
    significant. The overall way of looking at region files is that if
    the first region is an excluded region then a dummy included region
    of the whole detector is inserted in the front. Then each region
    specification as it is processed overrides any selections inside of
    that region specified by previous regions. Another way of thinking
    about this is that if a previous excluded region is completely
    inside of a subsequent included region the excluded region is
    ignored.

    The positional coordinates may be given either in pixel units,
    decimal degrees or hh:mm:ss.s, dd:mm:ss.s units.  The shape sizes
    may be given in pixels, degrees, arcminutes, or arcseconds.  Look
    at examples of region file produced by fv/POW or ds9 for further
    details of the region file format.

    There are three functions that are primarily for use with SAO region
    files and the  FSAOI  task, but they  can  be  used  directly.  They
    return  a  boolean true   or  false  depending   on  whether a   two
    dimensional point is in the region or not:

\begin{verbatim}
    "point in a circular region"
          circle(xcntr,ycntr,radius,Xcolumn,Ycolumn)

    "point in an elliptical region"
         ellipse(xcntr,ycntr,xhlf_wdth,yhlf_wdth,rotation,Xcolumn,Ycolumn)

    "point in a rectangular region"
             box(xcntr,ycntr,xfll_wdth,yfll_wdth,rotation,Xcolumn,Ycolumn)

    where
       (xcntr,ycntr) are the (x,y) position of the center of the region
       (xhlf_wdth,yhlf_wdth) are the (x,y) half widths of the region
       (xfll_wdth,yfll_wdth) are the (x,y) full widths of the region
       (radius) is half the diameter of the circle
       (rotation) is the angle(degrees) that the region is rotated with
             respect to (xcntr,ycntr)
       (Xcoord,Ycoord) are the (x,y) coordinates to test, usually column
             names
       NOTE: each parameter can itself be an expression, not merely a
             column name or constant.
\end{verbatim}


\subsection{Example Row Filters}

\begin{verbatim}
    [ binary && mag <= 5.0]        - Extract all binary stars brighter
                                     than  fifth magnitude (note that
                                     the initial space is necessary to
                                     prevent it from being treated as a
                                     binning specification)

    [#row >= 125 && #row <= 175]   - Extract row numbers 125 through 175

    [IMAGE[4,5] .gt. 100]          - Extract all rows that have the
                                     (4,5) component of the IMAGE column
                                     greater than 100

    [abs(sin(theta * #deg)) < 0.5] - Extract all rows having the
                                     absolute value of the sine of theta
                                     less  than a half where the angles
                                     are tabulated in degrees

    [SUM( SPEC > 3*BACKGRND )>=1]  - Extract all rows containing a
                                     spectrum, held in vector column
                                     SPEC, with at least one value 3
                                     times greater than the background
                                     level held in a keyword, BACKGRND

    [VCOL=={1,4,2}]                - Extract all rows whose vector column
                                     VCOL contains the 3-elements 1, 4, and
                                     2.

    [@rowFilter.txt]               - Extract rows using the expression
                                     contained within the text file
                                     rowFilter.txt

    [gtifilter()]                  - Search the current file for a GTI
				     extension,  filter  the TIME
				     column in the current table, using
				     START/STOP times taken from
				     columns in the GTI  extension

    [regfilter("pow.reg")]         - Extract rows which have a coordinate
                                     (as given in the X and Y columns)
                                     within the spatial region specified
                                     in the pow.reg region file.

    [regfilter("pow.reg", Xs, Ys)] - Same as above, except that the
                                     Xs and Ys columns will be used to
                                     determine the coordinate of each
                                     row in the table.
\end{verbatim}


\section{ Binning or Histogramming Specification}

The optional binning specifier is enclosed in square brackets and can
be distinguished from a general row filter specification by the fact
that it begins with the keyword 'bin'  not immediately followed by an
equals sign.  When binning is specified, a temporary N-dimensional FITS
primary array is created by computing the histogram of the values in
the specified columns of a FITS table extension.  After the histogram
is computed the input FITS file containing the table is then closed and
the temporary FITS primary array is opened and passed to the
application program.  Thus, the application program never sees the
original FITS table and only sees the image in the new temporary file
(which has no additional extensions).  Obviously, the application
program must be expecting to open a FITS image and not a FITS table in
this case.

The data type of the FITS histogram image may be specified by appending
'b' (for 8-bit byte), 'i' (for 16-bit integers), 'j' (for 32-bit
integer), 'r' (for 32-bit floating points), or 'd' (for 64-bit double
precision floating point)  to the 'bin' keyword (e.g. '[binr X]'
creates a real floating point image).  If the datatype is not
explicitly specified then a 32-bit integer image will be created by
default, unless the weighting option is also specified in which case
the image will have a 32-bit floating point data type by default.

The histogram image may have from 1 to 4 dimensions (axes), depending
on the number of columns that are specified.  The general form of the
binning specification is:

\begin{verbatim}
 [bin{bijrd}  Xcol=min:max:binsize, Ycol= ..., Zcol=..., Tcol=...; weight]
\end{verbatim}
in which up to 4 columns, each corresponding to an axis of the image,
are listed. The column names are case insensitive, and the column
number may be given instead of the name, preceded by a pound sign
(e.g., [bin \#4=1:512]).  If the column name is not specified, then
CFITSIO will first try to use the 'preferred column' as specified by
the CPREF keyword if it exists (e.g., 'CPREF = 'DETX,DETY'), otherwise
column names 'X', 'Y', 'Z', and 'T' will be assumed for each of the 4
axes, respectively.  In cases where the column name could be confused
with an arithmetic expression, enclose the column name in parentheses to
force the name to be interpreted literally.

In addition to binning by a FITS column, any arbitrary calculator
expression may be specified as well.  Usage of this form would appear
as:

\begin{verbatim}
 [bin  Xcol(arbitrary expression)=min:max:binsize, ... ]
\end{verbatim}

The column name must still be specified, and is used to label
coordinate axes of the resulting image.  The expression appears
immediately after the name, enclosed in parentheses.  The expression
may use any combination of columns, keywords, functions and constants
and allowed by the CFITSIO calculator.

The column name (and optional expression) may be followed by an equals
sign and then the lower and upper range of the histogram, and the size
of the histogram bins, separated by colons.  Spaces are allowed before
and after the equals sign but not within the 'min:max:binsize' string.
The min, max and binsize values may be integer or floating point
numbers, or they may be the names of keywords in the header of the
table.  If the latter, then the value of that keyword is substituted
into the expression.

Default values for the min, max and binsize quantities will be
used if not explicitly given in the binning expression as shown
in these examples:

\begin{verbatim}
    [bin x = :512:2]  - use default minimum value
    [bin x = 1::2]    - use default maximum value
    [bin x = 1:512]   - use default bin size
    [bin x = 1:]      - use default maximum value and bin size
    [bin x = :512]    - use default minimum value and bin size
    [bin x = 2]       - use default minimum and maximum values
    [bin x]           - use default minimum, maximum and bin size
    [bin 4]           - default 2-D image, bin size = 4 in both axes
    [bin]             - default 2-D image
\end{verbatim}
CFITSIO  will use the value of the TLMINn, TLMAXn, and TDBINn keywords,
if they exist, for the default min, max, and binsize, respectively.  If
they do not exist then CFITSIO will use the actual minimum and maximum
values in the column for the histogram min and max values.  The default
binsize will be set to 1, or (max - min) / 10., whichever is smaller,
so that the histogram will have at least 10 bins along each axis.

Please note that if explicit min and max values (or TLMINn/TLMAXn keywords)
are not present, then CFITSIO must check every value of the binned quantity
in advance to determine the binning limits.  This is especially relevant 
for binning expressions, which must be evaluated multiple times to determine
the limits of the expression.  Thus, it is always advisable to specify 
min and max limits where possible.

A shortcut notation is allowed if all the columns/axes have the same
binning specification.  In this case all the column names may be listed
within parentheses, followed by the (single) binning specification, as
in:

\begin{verbatim}
    [bin (X,Y)=1:512:2]
    [bin (X,Y) = 5]
\end{verbatim}

The optional weighting factor is the last item in the binning specifier
and, if present, is separated from the list of columns by a
semi-colon.  As the histogram is accumulated, this weight is used to
incremented the value of the appropriated bin in the histogram.  If the
weighting factor is not specified, then the default weight = 1 is
assumed.  The weighting factor may be a constant integer or floating
point number, or the name of a keyword containing the weighting value.
The weighting factor may also be the name of a table column in which case
the value in that column, on a row by row basis, will be used.
It may also be an expression, enclosed in parenthesis, in which case
the weighting value will be evaluated for each binned row and applied
accordingly.

In some cases, the column or keyword may give the reciprocal of the
actual weight value that is needed.  In this case, precede the weight
keyword or column name by a slash '/' to tell CFITSIO to use the
reciprocal of the value when constructing the histogram.  An expression,
enclosed in parentheses, may also appear after the slash, to
indicate the reciprocal value of the expression.

For  complex or commonly  used  histograms, one  can also  place its
description  into  a  text  file and  import   it  into  the binning
specification  using the  syntax '[bin  @filename.txt]'.  The file's
contents  can extend over   multiple lines, although  it must still
conform to the  no-spaces rule  for the min:max:binsize syntax and each
axis specification must still be comma-separated.  Any lines in the
external text file that begin with 2 slash characters ('//') will be
ignored and may be used to add comments into the file.

 Examples:


\begin{verbatim}
    [bini detx, dety]                - 2-D, 16-bit integer histogram
                                       of DETX and DETY columns, using
                                       default values for the histogram
                                       range and binsize

    [bin (detx, dety)=16; /exposure] - 2-D, 32-bit real histogram of DETX
                                       and DETY columns with a bin size = 16
                                       in both axes. The histogram values
                                       are divided by the EXPOSURE keyword
                                       value.

    [bin time=TSTART:TSTOP:0.1]      - 1-D lightcurve, range determined by
                                       the TSTART and TSTOP keywords,
                                       with 0.1 unit size bins.

    [bin pha, time=8000.:8100.:0.1]  - 2-D image using default binning
                                       of the PHA column for the X axis,
                                       and 1000 bins in the range
                                       8000. to 8100. for the Y axis.

    [bin pha, gti_num(gtifind())=1:2:1] - a 2-D image, where PHA is the
                                       X axis and the Y axis is an expression
                                       which evaluates to the GTI number, 
                                       as determined using the
                                       GTIFIND() function.

    [bin time=0:4000:2000, HR( (LC2/LC1).lt.1.5 ? 1 : 2 )=1:2:1] - a 2-D
                                       histogram which determines the number
                                       of samples in two time bins between 0 and
                                       4000 and separating hardness ratio, 
                                       evaluated as (LC2/LC1), between less than
                                       1.5 or greater than 1.5.  The ?: 
                                       conditional function is used to decide
                                       less (or greater) than 1.5 and assign
                                       HR bin 1 or 2.

    [bin @binFilter.txt]             - Use the contents of the text file
                                       binFilter.txt for the binning
                                       specifications.

\end{verbatim}


\chapter{Template Files }

When a new FITS file is created with a call to fits\_create\_file, the
name of a template file may be supplied in parentheses immediately
following the name of the new file to be created.  This template is
used to define the structure of one or more HDUs in the new file.  The
template file may be another FITS file, in which case the newly created
file will have exactly the same keywords in each HDU as in the template
FITS file, but all the data units will be filled with zeros.  The
template file may also be an ASCII text file, where each line (in
general) describes one FITS keyword record.  The format of the ASCII
template file is described in the following sections.


\section{Detailed Template Line Format}

The format of each ASCII template line closely follows the format of a
FITS keyword record:

\begin{verbatim}
  KEYWORD = KEYVALUE / COMMENT
\end{verbatim}
except that free format may be used (e.g., the equals sign may appear
at any position in the line) and TAB characters are allowed and are
treated the same as space characters.  The KEYVALUE and COMMENT fields
are optional.  The equals sign character is also optional, but it is
recommended that it be included for clarity.  Any template line that
begins with the pound '\#' character is ignored by the template parser
and may be use to insert comments into the template file itself.

The KEYWORD name field is limited to 8 characters in length and only
the letters A-Z, digits 0-9, and the hyphen and underscore characters
may be used, without any embedded spaces. Lowercase letters in the
template keyword name will be converted to uppercase.  Leading spaces
in the template line preceding the keyword name are generally ignored,
except if the first 8 characters of a template line are all blank, then
the entire line is treated as a FITS comment keyword (with a blank
keyword name) and is copied verbatim into the FITS header.

The KEYVALUE field may have any allowed  FITS  data type: character
string, logical, integer, real, complex integer, or complex real.  Integer
values must be within the allowed range of a 'signed long' variable;
some C compilers only suppport 4-byte long integers with a range
from -2147483648 to +2147483647, whereas other C compilers support 8-byte
integers with a range of plus or minus 2**63.

The character string values need not be enclosed in single quote characters
unless they are necessary to distinguish the string from a different
data type (e.g.  2.0 is a real but '2.0' is a string).  The keyword has
an undefined (null) value if the template record only contains blanks
following the "=" or between the "=" and the "/" comment field
delimiter.

String keyword values longer than 68 characters (the maximum length
that will fit in a single FITS keyword record) are permitted using the
CFITSIO long string convention. They can either be specified as a
single long line in the template, or by using multiple lines where the
continuing lines contain the 'CONTINUE' keyword, as in this example:

\begin{verbatim}
  LONGKEY = 'This is a long string value that is contin&'
  CONTINUE  'ued over 2 records' / comment field goes here
\end{verbatim}
The format of template lines with CONTINUE keyword is very strict:  3
spaces must follow CONTINUE and the rest of the line is copied verbatim
to the FITS file.

The start of the optional COMMENT field must be preceded by "/", which
is used to separate it from the keyword value field. Exceptions are if
the KEYWORD name field contains COMMENT, HISTORY, CONTINUE, or if the
first 8 characters of the template line are blanks.

More than one Header-Data Unit (HDU) may be defined in the template
file.  The start of an HDU definition is denoted with a SIMPLE or
XTENSION template line:

1) SIMPLE begins a Primary HDU definition. SIMPLE may only appear as
the  first keyword in the template file. If the template file begins
with XTENSION instead of SIMPLE, then a default empty Primary HDU is
created, and the template is then assumed to define the keywords
starting with the first extension following the Primary HDU.

2) XTENSION marks the beginning of a new extension HDU definition.  The
previous HDU will be closed at this point and processing of the next
extension begins.


\section{Auto-indexing of Keywords}

If a template keyword name ends with a "\#" character, it is said to be
'auto-indexed'.   Each "\#" character will be replaced by the current
integer index value, which gets reset = 1 at the start of each new HDU
in the file (or 7 in the special case of a GROUP definition).  The
FIRST indexed keyword in each template HDU definition is used as the
'incrementor';  each subsequent occurrence of this SAME keyword will
cause the index value to be incremented.  This behavior can be rather
subtle, as illustrated in the following examples in which the TTYPE
keyword is the incrementor in both cases:

\begin{verbatim}
  TTYPE# = TIME
  TFORM# = 1D
  TTYPE# = RATE
  TFORM# = 1E
\end{verbatim}
will create TTYPE1, TFORM1, TTYPE2, and TFORM2 keywords.  But if the
template looks like,

\begin{verbatim}
  TTYPE# = TIME
  TTYPE# = RATE
  TFORM# = 1D
  TFORM# = 1E
\end{verbatim}
this results in a FITS files with  TTYPE1, TTYPE2, TFORM2, and TFORM2,
which is probably not what was intended!


\section{Template Parser Directives}

In addition to the template lines which define individual keywords, the
template parser recognizes 3 special directives which are each preceded
by the backslash character:  \verb+ \include, \group+, and \verb+ \end+.

The 'include' directive must be followed by a filename. It forces the
parser to temporarily stop reading the current template file and begin
reading the include file. Once the parser reaches the end of the
include file it continues parsing the current template file.  Include
files can be nested, and HDU definitions can span multiple template
files.

The start of a GROUP definition is denoted with the 'group' directive,
and the end of a GROUP definition is denoted with the 'end' directive.
Each GROUP contains 0 or more member blocks (HDUs or GROUPs). Member
blocks of type GROUP can contain their own member blocks. The GROUP
definition itself occupies one FITS file HDU of special type (GROUP
HDU), so if a template specifies 1 group with 1 member HDU like:

\begin{verbatim}
\group
grpdescr = 'demo'
xtension bintable
# this bintable has 0 cols, 0 rows
\end
\end{verbatim}
then the parser creates a FITS file with 3 HDUs :

\begin{verbatim}
1) dummy PHDU
2) GROUP HDU (has 1 member, which is bintable in HDU number 3)
3) bintable (member of GROUP in HDU number 2)
\end{verbatim}
Technically speaking, the GROUP HDU is a BINTABLE with 6 columns. Applications
can define additional columns in a GROUP HDU using TFORMn and TTYPEn
(where n is 7, 8, ....) keywords or their auto-indexing equivalents.

For a more complicated example of a template file using the group directives,
look at the sample.tpl file that is included in the CFITSIO distribution.


\section{Formal Template Syntax}

The template syntax can formally be defined as follows:

\begin{verbatim}
    TEMPLATE = BLOCK [ BLOCK ... ]

       BLOCK = { HDU | GROUP }

       GROUP = \GROUP [ BLOCK ... ] \END

         HDU = XTENSION [ LINE ... ] { XTENSION | \GROUP | \END | EOF }

        LINE = [ KEYWORD [ = ] ] [ VALUE ] [ / COMMENT ]

    X ...     - X can be present 1 or more times
    { X | Y } - X or Y
    [ X ]     - X is optional
\end{verbatim}

At the topmost level, the template defines 1 or more template blocks. Blocks
can be either HDU (Header Data Unit) or a GROUP. For each block the parser
creates 1 (or more for GROUPs) FITS file HDUs.



\section{Errors}

In general the fits\_execute\_template() function tries to be as atomic
as possible, so either everything is done or nothing is done. If an
error occurs during parsing of the template, fits\_execute\_template()
will (try to) delete the top level BLOCK (with all its children if any)
in which the error occurred, then it will stop reading the template file
and it will return with an error.


\section{Examples}

1. This template file will create a 200 x 300 pixel image, with 4-byte
integer pixel values, in the primary HDU:

\begin{verbatim}
  SIMPLE = T
  BITPIX = 32
  NAXIS = 2     / number of dimensions
  NAXIS1 = 100  / length of first axis
  NAXIS2 = 200  / length of second axis
  OBJECT = NGC 253 / name of observed object
\end{verbatim}
The allowed values of BITPIX are 8, 16, 32, -32, or -64,
representing, respectively, 8-bit integer, 16-bit integer, 32-bit
integer, 32-bit floating point, or 64 bit floating point pixels.

2.  To create a FITS  table, the template first needs to include
XTENSION = TABLE or BINTABLE to define whether it is an ASCII or binary
table, and NAXIS2 to define the number of rows in the table.  Two
template lines are then needed to define the name (TTYPEn) and FITS data
format (TFORMn) of the columns, as in this example:

\begin{verbatim}
  xtension = bintable
  naxis2 = 40
  ttype# = Name
  tform# = 10a
  ttype# = Npoints
  tform# = j
  ttype# = Rate
  tunit# = counts/s
  tform# = e
\end{verbatim}
The above example defines a null primary array followed by a 40-row
binary table extension with 3 columns called 'Name', 'Npoints', and
'Rate', with data formats of '10A' (ASCII character string), '1J'
(integer) and '1E' (floating point), respectively.  Note that the other
required FITS keywords (BITPIX, NAXIS, NAXIS1, PCOUNT, GCOUNT, TFIELDS,
and END) do not need to be explicitly defined in the template because
their values can be inferred from the other keywords in the template.
This example also illustrates that the templates are generally
case-insensitive (the keyword names and TFORMn values are converted to
upper-case in the FITS file) and that string keyword values generally
do not need to be enclosed in quotes.


\chapter{  Summary of all FITSIO User-Interface Subroutines }

 Error Status Routines  page~\pageref{FTVERS}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTVERS( > version)
        FTGERR(status, > errtext)
        FTGMSG( > errmsg)
        FTRPRT (stream, > status)
        FTPMSG(errmsg)
        FTPMRK
        FTCMSG
        FTCMRK
\end{verbatim}
 FITS File Open and Close Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTOPEN}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTOPEN(unit,filename,rwmode, > blocksize,status)
        FTDKOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > blocksize,status)
        FTNOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTDOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTTOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTIOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTREOPEN(unit, > newunit, status)
        FTINIT(unit,filename,blocksize, > status)
        FTDKINIT(unit,filename,blocksize, > status)
        FTTPLT(unit, filename, tplfilename, > status)
        FTFLUS(unit, > status)
        FTCLOS(unit, > status)
        FTDELT(unit, > status)
        FTGIOU( > iounit, status)
        FTFIOU(iounit, > status)
	CFITS2Unit(fitsfile *ptr)   (C routine)
        CUnit2FITS(int unit)        (C routine)
        FTEXTN(filename, > nhdu, status)
        FTFLNM(unit, > filename, status)
        FTFLMD(unit, > iomode, status)
        FTURLT(unit, > urltype, status)
        FTIURL(filename, > filetype, infile, outfile, extspec, filter,
               binspec, colspec, status)
        FTRTNM(filename, > rootname, status)
        FTEXIST(filename, > exist, status)
\end{verbatim}
 HDU-Level Operations: page~\pageref{FTMAHD}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTMAHD(unit,nhdu, > hdutype,status)
        FTMRHD(unit,nmove, > hdutype,status)
        FTGHDN(unit, > nhdu)
        FTMNHD(unit, hdutype, extname, extver, > status)
        FTGHDT(unit, > hdutype, status)
        FTTHDU(unit, > hdunum, status)
        FTCRHD(unit, > status)
        FTIIMG(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes, > status)
        FTITAB(unit,rowlen,nrows,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,extname, >
               status)
        FTIBIN(unit,nrows,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat > status)
        FTRSIM(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes,status)
        FTDHDU(unit, > hdutype,status)
        FTCPFL(iunit,ounit,previous, current, following, > status)
        FTCOPY(iunit,ounit,morekeys, > status)
        FTCPHD(inunit, outunit, > status)
        FTCPDT(iunit,ounit, > status)
\end{verbatim}
 Subroutines to specify or modify the structure of the CHDU: page~\pageref{FTRDEF}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTRDEF(unit, > status)  (DEPRECATED)
        FTPDEF(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes,pcount,gcount, > status)  (DEPRECATED)
        FTADEF(unit,rowlen,tfields,tbcol,tform,nrows > status)  (DEPRECATED)
        FTBDEF(unit,tfields,tform,varidat,nrows > status)  (DEPRECATED)
        FTDDEF(unit,bytlen, > status)  (DEPRECATED)
        FTPTHP(unit,theap, > status)
\end{verbatim}
 Header Space and Position Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTHDEF}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTHDEF(unit,morekeys, > status)
        FTGHSP(iunit, > keysexist,keysadd,status)
        FTGHPS(iunit, > keysexist,key_no,status)
\end{verbatim}
 Read or Write Standard Header Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTPHPR}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPHPS(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes, > status)
        FTPHPR(unit,simple,bitpix,naxis,naxes,pcount,gcount,extend, > status)
        FTGHPR(unit,maxdim, > simple,bitpix,naxis,naxes,pcount,gcount,extend,
               status)
        FTPHTB(unit,rowlen,nrows,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,extname, >
               status)
        FTGHTB(unit,maxdim, > rowlen,nrows,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,
               extname,status)
        FTPHBN(unit,nrows,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat > status)
        FTGHBN(unit,maxdim, > nrows,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat,
               status)
\end{verbatim}
 Write Keyword Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTPREC}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPREC(unit,card, > status)
        FTPCOM(unit,comment, > status)
        FTPHIS(unit,history, > status)
        FTPDAT(unit, > status)
        FTPKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTPKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)
        FTPKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTPLSW(unit, > status)
        FTPKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
        FTPKN[JKLS](unit,keyroot,startno,no_keys,keyvals,comments, > status)
        FTPKN[EDFG](unit,keyroot,startno,no_keys,keyvals,decimals,comments, >
                   status)
        FTCPKYinunit, outunit, innum, outnum, keyroot, > status)
        FTPKYT(unit,keyword,intval,dblval,comment, > status)
        FTPKTP(unit, filename, > status)
        FTPUNT(unit,keyword,units, > status)
\end{verbatim}
 Insert Keyword Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTIREC}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTIREC(unit,key_no,card, > status)
        FTIKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTIKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTIKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)
        FTIKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
\end{verbatim}
 Read Keyword Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTGREC}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGREC(unit,key_no, > card,status)
        FTGKYN(unit,key_no, > keyword,value,comment,status)
        FTGCRD(unit,keyword, > card,status)
        FTGNXK(unit,inclist,ninc,exclist,nexc, > card,status)
        FTGKEY(unit,keyword, > value,comment,status)
        FTGKY[EDJKLS](unit,keyword, > keyval,comment,status)
        FTGKSL(unit,keyword, > length,status)
        FTGSKY(unit,keyword,firstchar,maxchar,> keyval,length,comment,status)
        FTGKN[EDJKLS](unit,keyroot,startno,max_keys, > keyvals,nfound,status)
        FTGKYT(unit,keyword, > intval,dblval,comment,status)
        FTGUNT(unit,keyword, > units,status)
\end{verbatim}
 Modify Keyword Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTMREC}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTMREC(unit,key_no,card, > status)
        FTMCRD(unit,keyword,card, > status)
        FTMNAM(unit,oldkey,keyword, > status)
        FTMCOM(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
        FTMKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTMKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTMKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)
        FTMKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
\end{verbatim}
 Update Keyword Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTUCRD}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTUCRD(unit,keyword,card, > status)
        FTUKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTUKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTUKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)
        FTUKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
\end{verbatim}
 Delete Keyword Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTDREC}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTDREC(unit,key_no, > status)
        FTDKEY(unit,keyword, > status)
\end{verbatim}
 Define Data Scaling Parameters and Undefined Pixel Flags: page~\pageref{FTPSCL}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPSCL(unit,bscale,bzero, > status)
        FTTSCL(unit,colnum,tscal,tzero, > status)
        FTPNUL(unit,blank, > status)
        FTSNUL(unit,colnum,snull > status)
        FTTNUL(unit,colnum,tnull > status)
\end{verbatim}
 FITS Primary Array or IMAGE Extension I/O Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTPPR}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGIDT(unit, > bitpix,status)
        FTGIET(unit, > bitpix,status)
        FTGIDM(unit, > naxis,status)
        FTGISZ(unit, maxdim, > naxes,status)
        FTGIPR(unit, maxdim, > bitpix,naxis,naxes,status)
        FTPPR[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,values, > status)
        FTPPN[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,values,nullval > status)
        FTPPRU(unit,group,fpixel,nelements, > status)
        FTGPV[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,nullval, > values,anyf,status)
        FTGPF[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements, > values,flagvals,anyf,status)
        FTPGP[BIJKED](unit,group,fparm,nparm,values, > status)
        FTGGP[BIJKED](unit,group,fparm,nparm, > values,status)
        FTP2D[BIJKED](unit,group,dim1,naxis1,naxis2,image, > status)
        FTP3D[BIJKED](unit,group,dim1,dim2,naxis1,naxis2,naxis3,cube, > status)
        FTG2D[BIJKED](unit,group,nullval,dim1,naxis1,naxis2, > image,anyf,status)
        FTG3D[BIJKED](unit,group,nullval,dim1,dim2,naxis1,naxis2,naxis3, >
                     cube,anyf,status)
        FTPSS[BIJKED](unit,group,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,array, > status)
        FTGSV[BIJKED](unit,group,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs,nullval, >
                     array,anyf,status)
        FTGSF[BIJKED](unit,group,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs, >
                     array,flagvals,anyf,status)
\end{verbatim}
 Table Column Information Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTGCNO}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGNRW(unit, > nrows, status)
        FTGNCL(unit, > ncols, status)
        FTGCNO(unit,casesen,coltemplate, > colnum,status)
        FTGCNN(unit,casesen,coltemplate, > colnam,colnum,status)
        FTGTCL(unit,colnum, > datacode,repeat,width,status)
        FTEQTY(unit,colnum, > datacode,repeat,width,status)
        FTGCDW(unit,colnum, > dispwidth,status)
        FTGACL(unit,colnum, >
               ttype,tbcol,tunit,tform,tscal,tzero,snull,tdisp,status)
        FTGBCL(unit,colnum, >
               ttype,tunit,datatype,repeat,tscal,tzero,tnull,tdisp,status)
        FTPTDM(unit,colnum,naxis,naxes, > status)
        FTGTDM(unit,colnum,maxdim, > naxis,naxes,status)
        FTDTDM(unit,tdimstr,colnum,maxdim, > naxis,naxes, status)
        FTGRSZ(unit, > nrows,status)
\end{verbatim}
 Low-Level Table Access Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTGTBS}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGTBS(unit,frow,startchar,nchars, > string,status)
        FTPTBS(unit,frow,startchar,nchars,string, > status)
        FTGTBB(unit,frow,startchar,nchars, > array,status)
        FTPTBB(unit,frow,startchar,nchars,array, > status)
\end{verbatim}
 Edit Rows or Columns page~\pageref{FTIROW}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTIROW(unit,frow,nrows, > status)
        FTDROW(unit,frow,nrows, > status)
        FTDRRG(unit,rowrange, > status)
        FTDRWS(unit,rowlist,nrows, > status)
        FTICOL(unit,colnum,ttype,tform, > status)
        FTICLS(unit,colnum,ncols,ttype,tform, > status)
        FTMVEC(unit,colnum,newveclen, > status)
        FTDCOL(unit,colnum, > status)
        FTCPCL(inunit,outunit,incolnum,outcolnum,createcol, > status);
\end{verbatim}
 Read and Write Column Data Routines page~\pageref{FTPCLS}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPCL[SLBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,values, > status)
        FTPCN[BIJKED](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,values,nullval > status)
        FTPCLX(unit,colnum,frow,fbit,nbit,lray, > status)
        FTPCLU(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements, > status)
        FTGCL(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements, > values,status)
        FTGCV[SBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,nullval, >
                       values,anyf,status)
        FTGCF[SLBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements, >
                         values,flagvals,anyf,status)
        FTGSV[BIJKED](unit,colnum,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs,nullval, >
                     array,anyf,status)
        FTGSF[BIJKED](unit,colnum,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs, >
                     array,flagvals,anyf,status)
        FTGCX(unit,colnum,frow,fbit,nbit, > lray,status)
        FTGCX[IJD](unit,colnum,frow,nrows,fbit,nbit, > array,status)
        FTGDES(unit,colnum,rownum, > nelements,offset,status)
        FTPDES(unit,colnum,rownum,nelements,offset, > status)
\end{verbatim}
 Row Selection and Calculator Routines: page~\pageref{FTFROW}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTFROW(unit,expr,firstrow, nrows, > n_good_rows, row_status, status)
        FTFFRW(unit, expr, > rownum, status)
        FTSROW(inunit, outunit, expr, > status )
        FTCROW(unit,datatype,expr,firstrow,nelements,nulval, >
             array,anynul,status)
        FTCALC(inunit, expr, outunit, parName, parInfo, > status)
        FTCALC_RNG(inunit, expr, outunit, parName, parInfo,
            nranges, firstrow, lastrow, > status)
        FTTEXP(unit, expr, > datatype, nelem, naxis, naxes, status)
\end{verbatim}
 Celestial Coordinate System Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTGICS}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGICS(unit, > xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,coordtype,status)
        FTGTCS(unit,xcol,ycol, >
               xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,coordtype,status)
        FTWLDP(xpix,ypix,xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,
                          coordtype, > xpos,ypos,status)
        FTXYPX(xpos,ypos,xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,
                          coordtype, > xpix,ypix,status)
\end{verbatim}
 File Checksum Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTPCKS}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTPCKS(unit, > status)
        FTUCKS(unit, > status)
        FTVCKS(unit, > dataok,hduok,status)
        FTGCKS(unit, > datasum,hdusum,status)
        FTESUM(sum,complement, > checksum)
        FTDSUM(checksum,complement, > sum)

\end{verbatim}
 Time and Date Utility Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTGSDT}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGSDT( > day, month, year, status )
        FTGSTM(> datestr, timeref, status)
        FTDT2S( year, month, day, > datestr, status)
        FTTM2S( year, month, day, hour, minute, second, decimals,
                > datestr, status)
        FTS2DT(datestr, > year, month, day, status)
        FTS2TM(datestr, > year, month, day, hour, minute, second, status)
\end{verbatim}
 General Utility Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTGHAD}

\begin{verbatim}
        FTGHAD(unit, > curaddr,nextaddr)
        FTUPCH(string)
        FTCMPS(str_template,string,casesen, > match,exact)
        FTTKEY(keyword, > status)
        FTTREC(card, > status)
        FTNCHK(unit, > status)
        FTGKNM(unit, > keyword, keylength, status)
        FTMKKY(keyword, value,comment, > card, status)
        FTPSVC(card, > value,comment,status)
        FTKEYN(keyroot,seq_no, > keyword,status)
        FTNKEY(seq_no,keyroot, > keyword,status)
        FTDTYP(value, > dtype,status)
        class = FTGKCL(card)
        FTASFM(tform, > datacode,width,decimals,status)
        FTBNFM(tform, > datacode,repeat,width,status)
        FTGABC(tfields,tform,space, > rowlen,tbcol,status)
        FTGTHD(template, > card,hdtype,status)
        FTRWRG(rowlist, maxrows, maxranges, > numranges, rangemin,
               rangemax, status)
\end{verbatim}

\chapter{ Parameter Definitions }

\begin{verbatim}
anyf - (logical) set to TRUE if any of the returned data values are undefined
array - (any datatype except character) array of bytes to be read or written.
bitpix - (integer) bits per pixel: 8, 16, 32, -32, or -64
blank - (integer) value used for undefined pixels in integer primary array
blank - (integer*8) value used for undefined pixels in integer primary array
blocksize - (integer) 2880-byte logical record blocking factor
          (if 0 < blocksize < 11) or the actual block size in bytes
          (if 10 < blocksize < 28800).  As of version 3.3 of FITSIO,
          blocksizes greater than 2880 are no longer supported.
bscale - (double precision) scaling factor for the primary array
bytlen - (integer) length of the data unit, in bytes
bzero - (double precision) zero point for primary array scaling
card - (character*80) header record to be read or written
casesen - (logical) will string matching be case sensitive?
checksum - (character*16) encoded checksum string
colname - (character) ASCII name of the column
colnum - (integer) number of the column (first column = 1)
coltemplate - (character) template string to be matched to column names
comment - (character) the keyword comment field
comments - (character array) keyword comment fields
compid - (integer) the type of computer that the program is running on
complement - (logical) should the checksum be complemented?
coordtype - (character) type of coordinate projection (-SIN, -TAN, -ARC,
          -NCP, -GLS, -MER, or -AIT)
cube - 3D data cube of the appropriate datatype
curaddr - (integer) starting address (in bytes) of the CHDU
current - (integer) if not equal to 0, copy the current HDU
datacode - (integer) symbolic code of the binary table column datatype
dataok - (integer) was the data unit verification successful (=1) or
         not (= -1).  Equals zero if the DATASUM keyword is not present.
datasum - (double precision) 32-bit 1's complement checksum for the data unit
datatype - (character) datatype (format) of the binary table column
datestr  - (string) FITS date/time string: 'YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.ddd',
           'YYYY-MM-dd', or 'dd/mm/yy'
day - (integer) current day of the month
dblval - (double precision) fractional part of the keyword value
decimals - (integer) number of decimal places to be displayed
dim1 - (integer) actual size of the first dimension of the image or cube array
dim2 - (integer) actual size of the second dimension of the cube array
dispwidth - (integer) - the display width (length of string) for a column
dtype - (character) datatype of the keyword ('C', 'L', 'I',  or 'F')
                C = character string
                L = logical
                I = integer
                F = floating point number
errmsg - (character*80) oldest error message on the internal stack
errtext - (character*30) descriptive error message corresponding to error number
casesen - (logical) true if column name matching is case sensitive
exact - (logical) do the strings match exactly, or were wildcards used?
exclist  (character array) list of names to be excluded from search
exists   - flag indicating whether the file or compressed file exists on disk
extend - (logical) true if there may be extensions following the primary data
extname - (character) value of the EXTNAME keyword (if not blank)
fbit - (integer) first bit in the field to be read or written
felem - (integer) first pixel of the element vector (ignored for ASCII tables)
filename - (character) name of the FITS file
flagvals - (logical array) True if corresponding data element is undefined
following - (integer) if not equal to 0, copy all following HDUs in the input file
fparm - (integer) sequence number of the first group parameter to read or write
fpixel - (integer) the first pixel position
fpixels - (integer array) the first included pixel in each dimension
frow - (integer) beginning row number (first row of table = 1)
frowll - (integer*8) beginning row number (first row of table = 1)
gcount - (integer) value of the GCOUNT keyword (usually = 1)
group - (integer) sequence number of the data group (=0 for non-grouped data)
hdtype - (integer) header record type: -1=delete;  0=append or replace;
                   1=append; 2=this is the END keyword
hduok - (integer) was the HDU verification successful (=1) or
         not (= -1).  Equals zero if the CHECKSUM keyword is not present.
hdusum - (double precision) 32 bit 1's complement checksum for the entire CHDU
hdutype - (integer) type of HDU: 0 = primary array or IMAGE, 1 = ASCII table,
                   2 = binary table, -1 = any HDU type or unknown type
history - (character) the HISTORY keyword comment string
hour - (integer) hour from 0 - 23
image - 2D image of the appropriate datatype
inclist  (character array) list of names to be included in search
incs - (integer array) sampling interval for pixels in each FITS dimension
intval - (integer) integer part of the keyword value
iounit - (integer) value of an unused I/O unit number
iunit - (integer) logical unit number associated with the input FITS file, 1-300
key_no - (integer) sequence number (starting with 1) of the keyword record
keylength - (integer) length of the keyword name
keyroot - (character) root string for the keyword name
keysadd -(integer) number of new keyword records which can fit in the CHU
keysexist - (integer) number of existing keyword records in the CHU
keyval - value of the keyword in the appropriate datatype
keyvals - (array) value of the keywords in the appropriate datatype
keyword - (character*8) name of a keyword
lray - (logical array) array of logical values corresponding to the bit array
lpixels - (integer array) the last included pixel in each dimension
match - (logical) do the 2 strings match?
maxdim - (integer) dimensioned size of the NAXES, TTYPE, TFORM or TUNIT arrays
max_keys - (integer) maximum number of keywords to search for
minute - (integer) minute of an hour (0 - 59)
month - (integer) current month of the year (1 - 12)
morekeys - (integer) will leave space in the header for this many more keywords
naxes - (integer array) size of each dimension in the FITS array
naxesll - (integer*8 array) size of each dimension in the FITS array
naxis - (integer) number of dimensions in the FITS array
naxis1 - (integer) length of the X/first axis of the FITS array
naxis2 - (integer) length of the Y/second axis of the FITS array
naxis3 - (integer) length of the Z/third axis of the FITS array
nbit - (integer) number of bits in the field to read or write
nchars - (integer) number of characters to read and return
ncols - (integer) number of columns
nelements - (integer) number of data elements to read or write
nelementsll - (integer*8) number of data elements to read or write
nexc   (integer)  number of names in the exclusion list (may = 0)
nhdu - (integer) absolute number of the HDU (1st HDU = 1)
ninc   (integer)  number of names in the inclusion list
nmove - (integer) number of HDUs to move (+ or -), relative to current position
nfound - (integer) number of keywords found (highest keyword number)
no_keys - (integer) number of keywords to write in the sequence
nparm - (integer) number of group parameters to read or write
nrows - (integer) number of rows in the table
nrowsll - (integer*8) number of rows in the table
nullval - value to represent undefined pixels, of the appropriate datatype
nextaddr - (integer) starting address (in bytes) of the HDU following the CHDU
offset - (integer) byte offset in the heap to the first element of the array
offsetll - (integer*8) byte offset in the heap to the first element of the array
oldkey - (character) old name of keyword to be modified
ounit - (integer) logical unit number associated with the output FITS file 1-300
pcount - (integer) value of the PCOUNT keyword (usually = 0)
previous - (integer) if not equal to 0, copy all previous HDUs in the input file
repeat - (integer) length of element vector (e.g. 12J); ignored for ASCII table
rot - (double precision) celestial coordinate rotation angle (degrees)
rowlen - (integer) length of a table row, in characters or bytes
rowlenll - (integer*8) length of a table row, in characters or bytes
rowlist - (integer array) list of row numbers to be deleted in increasing order
rownum - (integer) number of the row (first row = 1)
rowrange- (string) list of rows or row ranges to be deleted
rwmode - (integer) file access mode: 0 = readonly, 1 = readwrite
second   (double)- second within minute (0 - 60.9999999999) (leap second!)
seq_no - (integer) the sequence number to append to the keyword root name
simple - (logical) does the FITS file conform to all the FITS standards
snull - (character) value used to represent undefined values in ASCII table
space - (integer) number of blank spaces to leave between ASCII table columns
startchar - (integer) first character in the row to be read
startno - (integer) value of the first keyword sequence number (usually 1)
status - (integer) returned error status code (0 = OK)
str_template (character) template string to be matched to reference string
stream - (character) output stream for the report: either 'STDOUT' or 'STDERR'
string - (character) character string
sum - (double precision) 32 bit unsigned checksum value
tbcol - (integer array) column number of the first character in the field(s)
tdisp - (character) Fortran type display format for the table column
template-(character) template string for a FITS header record
tfields - (integer) number of fields (columns) in the table
tform - (character array) format of the column(s); allowed values are:
         For ASCII tables:  Iw, Aw, Fww.dd, Eww.dd, or Dww.dd
         For binary tables: rL, rX, rB, rI, rJ, rA, rAw, rE, rD, rC, rM
         where 'w'=width of the field, 'd'=no. of decimals, 'r'=repeat count
         Note that the 'rAw' form is non-standard extension to the
         TFORM keyword syntax that is not specifically defined in the
         Binary Tables definition document.
theap - (integer) zero indexed byte offset of starting address of the heap
         relative to the beginning of the binary table data
tnull - (integer) value used to represent undefined values in binary table
tnullll - (integer*8) value used to represent undefined values in binary table
ttype - (character array) label for table column(s)
tscal - (double precision) scaling factor for table column
tunit - (character array) physical unit for table column(s)
tzero - (double precision) scaling zero point for table column
unit  - (integer) logical unit number associated with the FITS file (1-300)
units - (character) the keyword units string (e.g., 'km/s')
value - (character) the keyword value string
values - array of data values of the appropriate datatype
varidat - (integer) size in bytes of the 'variable length data area'
           following the binary table data (usually = 0)
version - (real) current revision number of the library
width - (integer) width of the character string field
xcol - (integer) number of the column containing the X coordinate values
xinc - (double precision) X axis coordinate increment at reference pixel (deg)
xpix - (double precision) X axis pixel location
xpos - (double precision) X axis celestial coordinate (usually RA) (deg)
xrpix - (double precision) X axis reference pixel array location
xrval - (double precision) X axis coordinate value at the reference pixel (deg)
ycol - (integer) number of the column containing the X coordinate values
year - (integer) last 2 digits of the year (00 - 99)
yinc - (double precision) Y axis coordinate increment at reference pixel (deg)
ypix - (double precision) y axis pixel location
ypos - (double precision) y axis celestial coordinate (usually DEC) (deg)
yrpix - (double precision) Y axis reference pixel array location
yrval - (double precision) Y axis coordinate value at the reference pixel (deg)
\end{verbatim}

\chapter{   FITSIO Error Status Codes }

\begin{verbatim}
Status codes in the range -99 to -999  and 1 to 999 are reserved for future
FITSIO use.

  0  OK, no error
101  input and output files are the same
103  too many FITS files open at once; all internal buffers full
104  error opening existing file
105  error creating new FITS file; (does a file with this name already exist?)
106  error writing record to FITS file
107  end-of-file encountered while reading record from FITS file
108  error reading record from file
110  error closing FITS file
111  internal array dimensions exceeded
112  Cannot modify file with readonly access
113  Could not allocate memory
114  illegal logical unit number; must be between 1 - 300, inclusive
115  NULL input pointer to routine
116  error seeking position in file

121  invalid URL prefix on file name
122  tried to register too many IO drivers
123  driver initialization failed
124  matching driver is not registered
125  failed to parse input file URL
126  parse error in range list

151  bad argument in shared memory driver
152  null pointer passed as an argument
153  no more free shared memory handles
154  shared memory driver is not initialized
155  IPC error returned by a system call
156  no memory in shared memory driver
157  resource deadlock would occur
158  attempt to open/create lock file failed
159  shared memory block cannot be resized at the moment


201  header not empty; can't write required keywords
202  specified keyword name was not found in the header
203  specified header record number is out of bounds
204  keyword value field is blank
205  keyword value string is missing the closing quote character
206  illegal indexed keyword name (e.g. 'TFORM1000')
207  illegal character in keyword name or header record
208  keyword does not have expected name. Keyword out of sequence?
209  keyword does not have expected integer value
210  could not find the required END header keyword
211  illegal BITPIX keyword value
212  illegal NAXIS keyword value
213  illegal NAXISn keyword value: must be 0 or positive integer
214  illegal PCOUNT keyword value
215  illegal GCOUNT keyword value
216  illegal TFIELDS keyword value
217  negative ASCII or binary table width value (NAXIS1)
218  negative number of rows in ASCII or binary table (NAXIS2)
219  column name (TTYPE keyword) not found
220  illegal SIMPLE keyword value
221  could not find the required SIMPLE header keyword
222  could not find the required BITPIX header keyword
223  could not find the required NAXIS header keyword
224  could not find all the required NAXISn keywords in the header
225  could not find the required XTENSION header keyword
226  the CHDU is not an ASCII table extension
227  the CHDU is not a binary table extension
228  could not find the required PCOUNT header keyword
229  could not find the required GCOUNT header keyword
230  could not find the required TFIELDS header keyword
231  could not find all the required TBCOLn keywords in the header
232  could not find all the required TFORMn keywords in the header
233  the CHDU is not an IMAGE extension
234  illegal TBCOL keyword value; out of range
235  this operation only allowed for ASCII or BINARY table extension
236  column is too wide to fit within the specified width of the ASCII table
237  the specified column name template matched more than one column name
241  binary table row width is not equal to the sum of the field widths
251  unrecognizable type of FITS extension
252  unrecognizable FITS record
253  END keyword contains non-blank characters in columns 9-80
254  Header fill area contains non-blank characters
255  Data fill area contains non-blank on non-zero values
261  unable to parse the TFORM keyword value string
262  unrecognizable TFORM datatype code
263  illegal TDIMn keyword value

301  illegal HDU number; less than 1 or greater than internal buffer size
302  column number out of range (1 - 999)
304  attempt to move to negative file record number
306  attempted to read or write a negative number of bytes in the FITS file
307  illegal starting row number for table read or write operation
308  illegal starting element number for table read or write operation
309  attempted to read or write character string in non-character table column
310  attempted to read or write logical value in non-logical table column
311  illegal ASCII table TFORM format code for attempted operation
312  illegal binary table TFORM format code for attempted operation
314  value for undefined pixels has not been defined
317  attempted to read or write descriptor in a non-descriptor field
320  number of array dimensions out of range
321  first pixel number is greater than the last pixel number
322  attempt to set BSCALE or TSCALn scaling parameter = 0
323  illegal axis length less than 1

340 NOT_GROUP_TABLE 340   Grouping function error
341 HDU_ALREADY_MEMBER
342 MEMBER_NOT_FOUND
343 GROUP_NOT_FOUND
344 BAD_GROUP_ID
345 TOO_MANY_HDUS_TRACKED
346 HDU_ALREADY_TRACKED
347 BAD_OPTION
348 IDENTICAL_POINTERS
349 BAD_GROUP_ATTACH
350 BAD_GROUP_DETACH

360 NGP_NO_MEMORY              malloc failed
361 NGP_READ_ERR               read error from file
362 NGP_NUL_PTR                null pointer passed as an argument.
                                 Passing null pointer as a name of
                                 template file raises this error
363 NGP_EMPTY_CURLINE          line read seems to be empty (used
                                 internally)
364 NGP_UNREAD_QUEUE_FULL      cannot unread more then 1 line (or single
                                 line twice)
365 NGP_INC_NESTING            too deep include file nesting (infinite
                                 loop, template includes itself ?)
366 NGP_ERR_FOPEN              fopen() failed, cannot open template file
367 NGP_EOF                    end of file encountered and not expected
368 NGP_BAD_ARG                bad arguments passed. Usually means
                                 internal parser error. Should not happen
369 NGP_TOKEN_NOT_EXPECT       token not expected here

401  error attempting to convert an integer to a formatted character string
402  error attempting to convert a real value to a formatted character string
403  cannot convert a quoted string keyword to an integer
404  attempted to read a non-logical keyword value as a logical value
405  cannot convert a quoted string keyword to a real value
406  cannot convert a quoted string keyword to a double precision value
407  error attempting to read character string as an integer
408  error attempting to read character string as a real value
409  error attempting to read character string as a double precision value
410  bad keyword datatype code
411  illegal number of decimal places while formatting floating point value
412  numerical overflow during implicit datatype conversion
413  error compressing image
414  error uncompressing image
420  error in date or time conversion

431  syntax error in parser expression
432  expression did not evaluate to desired type
433  vector result too large to return in array
434  data parser failed not sent an out column
435  bad data encounter while parsing column
436  parse error: output file not of proper type

501  celestial angle too large for projection
502  bad celestial coordinate or pixel value
503  error in celestial coordinate calculation
504  unsupported type of celestial projection
505  required celestial coordinate keywords not found
506  approximate wcs keyword values were returned
\end{verbatim}
\end{document}
cfitsio-4.3.1/docs/fitsio.doc0000644000225700000360000117537513472024437015412 0ustar  cagordonlhea        FITSIO - An Interface to FITS Format Files for Fortran Programmers

                    William D Pence, HEASARC, NASA/GSFC
                              Version 3.0


[Note: This file contains various formatting command symbols in the first 
column which are used when generating the LATeX version of this document.]

*I.  Introduction

This document describes the Fortran-callable subroutine interface that
is provided as part of the CFITSIO library (which is written in ANSI
C).  This is a companion document to the CFITSIO User's Guide which
should be consulted for further information about the underlying
CFITSIO library.  In the remainder of this document, the terms FITSIO
and CFITSIO are interchangeable and refer to the same library.

FITSIO/CFITSIO is a machine-independent library of routines for reading
and writing data files in the FITS (Flexible Image Transport System)
data format.  It can also read IRAF format image files and raw binary
data arrays by converting them on the fly into a virtual FITS format
file.  This library was written to provide a powerful yet simple
interface for accessing FITS files which will run on most commonly used
computers and workstations. FITSIO supports all the features described
in the official definition of the FITS format and can read and
write all the currently defined types of extensions, including ASCII
tables (TABLE), Binary tables (BINTABLE) and IMAGE extensions. The
FITSIO subroutines insulate the programmer from having to deal with the
complicated formatting details in the FITS file, however, it is assumed
that users have a general knowledge about the structure and usage of
FITS files.

The CFITSIO package was initially developed by the HEASARC (High Energy
Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center) at the NASA Goddard Space
Flight Center to convert various existing and newly acquired
astronomical data sets into FITS format and to further analyze data
already in FITS format.  New features continue to be added to CFITSIO
in large part due to contributions of ideas or actual code from users
of the package.  The Integral Science Data Center in Switzerland, and
the XMM/ESTEC project in The Netherlands made especially significant
contributions that resulted in many of the new features that appeared
in v2.0 of CFITSIO.

The latest version of the CFITSIO source code, documentation, and
example programs are available on the World-Wide Web or via anonymous
ftp from:
-
        http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/fitsio
        ftp://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/software/fitsio/c
-
\newpage
Any questions, bug reports, or suggested enhancements related to the CFITSIO
package should be sent to the FTOOLS Help Desk at the HEASARC:
-
        http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/ftoolshelp
-

This User's Guide assumes that readers already have a general
understanding of the definition and structure of FITS format files.
Further information about FITS formats is available from the FITS Support
Office at {\tt http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov}.  In particular, the
'FITS Standard' gives the authoritative definition of the FITS data
format.  Other documents available at that Web site 
provide additional historical background
and practical advice on using FITS files. 

The HEASARC also provides a very sophisticated FITS file analysis
program called `Fv' which can be used to display and edit the contents
of any FITS file as well as construct new FITS files from scratch. 
Fv is freely available for
most Unix platforms, Mac PCs, and Windows PCs.
CFITSIO users may also be interested in the FTOOLS package of programs
that can be used to manipulate and analyze FITS format files.
Fv and FTOOLS are available from their respective Web sites at:
-
        http://fv.gsfc.nasa.gov
        http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ftools
-


*II.  Creating FITSIO/CFITSIO 
 
**A.  Building the Library

To use the FITSIO subroutines one must first build the CFITSIO library,
which requires a C compiler. gcc is ideal, or most other ANSI-C
compilers will also work.  The CFITSIO code is contained in about 40 C
source files (*.c) and header files (*.h). On VAX/VMS systems 2
assembly-code files (vmsieeed.mar and vmsieeer.mar) are also needed.

The Fortran interface subroutines to the C CFITSIO routines are located
in the f77\_wrap1.c, through f77\_wrap4.c files.  These are relatively simple
'wrappers' that translate the arguments in the Fortran subroutine into
the appropriate format for the corresponding C routine.  This
translation is performed transparently to the user by a set of C macros
located in the cfortran.h file.  Unfortunately cfortran.h does not
support every combination of C and Fortran compilers so the Fortran
interface is not supported on all platforms. (see further notes below).  

A standard combination of C and Fortran compilers will be assumed by
default, but one may also specify a particular Fortran compiler by
doing:
-
 >  setenv CFLAGS -DcompilerName=1
-
(where 'compilerName' is the name of the compiler) before running 
the configure command.  The currently recognized compiler
names are: 
-
 g77Fortran
 IBMR2Fortran
 CLIPPERFortran
 pgiFortran
 NAGf90Fortran
 f2cFortran
 hpuxFortran
 apolloFortran
 sunFortran
 CRAYFortran
 mipsFortran
 DECFortran
 vmsFortran
 CONVEXFortran
 PowerStationFortran
 AbsoftUNIXFortran
 AbsoftProFortran
 SXFortran
-
Alternatively, one may edit the CFLAGS line in the Makefile to add the
'-DcompilerName' flag after running the './configure' command.

The CFITSIO library is built on Unix systems by typing:
-
 >  ./configure [--prefix=/target/installation/path]
                [--enable-sse2] [--enable-ssse3]
 >  make          (or  'make shared')
 >  make install  (this step is optional)
-
at the operating system prompt.  The configure command customizes the
Makefile for the particular system, then the `make' command compiles the
source files and builds the library.  Type `./configure' and not simply
`configure' to ensure that the configure script in the current directory
is run and not some other system-wide configure script.  The optional
'prefix' argument to configure gives the path to the directory where
the CFITSIO library and include files should be installed via the later
'make install' command. For example,
-
   > ./configure --prefix=/usr1/local
-
will cause the 'make install' command to copy the CFITSIO libcfitsio file 
to /usr1/local/lib and the necessary include files to /usr1/local/include
(assuming of course that the  process has permission to write to these 
directories).

The optional --enable-sse2 and --enable-ssse3 flags will cause configure to 
attempt to build CFITSIO using faster byte-swapping algorithms.
See the "Optimizing Programs" section of this manual for
more information about these options.

By default, the Makefile will be configured to build the set of Fortran-callable
wrapper routines whose calling sequences are described later in this
document.

The 'make shared' option builds a shared or dynamic version of the
CFITSIO library.  When using the shared library the executable code is
not copied into your program at link time and instead the program
locates the necessary library code at run time, normally through
LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH or some other method. The advantages of using a shared
library are:
-
   1.  Less disk space if you build more than 1 program
   2.  Less memory if more than one copy of a program using the shared
       library is running at the same time since the system is smart
       enough to share copies of the shared library at run time.
   3.  Possibly easier maintenance since a new version of the shared
       library can be installed without relinking all the software
       that uses it (as long as the subroutine names and calling
       sequences remain unchanged).
   4.  No run-time penalty.
-
The disadvantages are:
-
   1. More hassle at runtime.  You have to either build the programs
      specially or have LD_LIBRARY_PATH set right.
   2. There may be a slight start up penalty, depending on where you are
      reading the shared library and the program from and if your CPU is
      either really slow or really heavily loaded.
-

On HP/UX systems, the environment variable CFLAGS should be set
to -Ae before running configure to enable "extended ANSI" features.

It may not be possible to statically link programs that use CFITSIO on
some platforms (namely, on Solaris 2.6) due to the network drivers
(which provide FTP and HTTP access to FITS files).  It is possible to
make both a dynamic and a static version of the CFITSIO library, but
network file access will not be possible using the static version. 

On VAX/VMS and ALPHA/VMS systems the make\_gfloat.com command file may
be executed to build the cfitsio.olb object library using the default
G-floating point option for double variables.  The make\_dfloat.com and
make\_ieee.com files may be used instead to build the library with the
other floating point options. Note that the getcwd function that is
used in the group.c module may require that programs using CFITSIO be
linked with the ALPHA\$LIBRARY:VAXCRTL.OLB library.  See the example
link line in the next section of this document.

On Windows IBM-PC type platforms the situation is more complicated
because of the wide variety of Fortran compilers that are available and
because of the inherent complexities of calling the CFITSIO C routines
from Fortran.  Two different versions of the CFITSIO dll library are
available, compiled with the Borland C++ compiler and the Microsoft
Visual C++ compiler, respectively, in the files
cfitsiodll\_2xxx\_borland.zip and cfitsiodll\_3xxx\_vcc.zip, where
'3xxx' represents the current release number.  Both these dll libraries
contain a set of Fortran wrapper routines which may be compatible with
some, but probably not all, available Fortran compilers.  To test if
they are compatible, compile the program testf77.f and try linking to
these dll libraries.  If these libraries do not work with a particular
Fortran compiler, then it may be necessary to modify the file 
"cfortran.h" to support that particular
combination of C and Fortran compilers, and then rebuild the CFITSIO
dll library.  This will require, however, some expertise in
mixed language programming.

CFITSIO should be compatible with most current ANCI C and C++ compilers:  
Cray supercomputers are currently not supported.

**B.  Testing the Library
 
The CFITSIO library should be tested by building and running
the testprog.c program that is included with the release. 
On Unix systems type:
-
    % make testprog
    % testprog > testprog.lis
    % diff testprog.lis testprog.out
    % cmp testprog.fit testprog.std
-
 On VMS systems,
(assuming cc is the name of the C compiler command), type:
-
    $ cc testprog.c
    $ link testprog, cfitsio/lib, alpha$library:vaxcrtl/lib
    $ run testprog
-
The testprog program should produce a FITS file called `testprog.fit'
that is identical to the `testprog.std' FITS file included with this
release.  The diagnostic messages (which were piped to the file
testprog.lis in the Unix example) should be identical to the listing
contained in the file testprog.out.  The 'diff' and 'cmp' commands
shown above should not report any differences in the files.  (There
may be some minor formatting differences, such as the presence or
absence of leading zeros, or 3 digit exponents in numbers,
which can be ignored).

The Fortran wrappers in CFITSIO may be tested with the testf77
program.  On Unix systems the fortran compilation and link command
may be called 'f77' or 'g77', depending on the system.
-
   % f77 -o testf77 testf77.f -L. -lcfitsio -lnsl -lsocket  
 or
   % f77 -f -o testf77 testf77.f -L. -lcfitsio    (under SUN O/S)
 or
   % f77 -o testf77 testf77.f -Wl,-L. -lcfitsio -lm -lnsl -lsocket (HP/UX)
 or
   % g77 -o testf77 -s testf77.f -lcfitsio -lcc_dynamic -lncurses (Mac OS-X)

   % testf77 > testf77.lis
   % diff testf77.lis testf77.out
   % cmp testf77.fit testf77.std
-
On machines running SUN O/S, Fortran programs must be compiled with the
'-f' option to force double precision variables to be aligned on 8-byte
boundaries to make the fortran-declared variables compatible with C.  A
similar compiler option may be required on other platforms.  Failing to
use this option may cause the program to crash on FITSIO routines that
read or write double precision variables.

On Windows platforms, linking Fortran programs with a C library 
often depends on the particular compilers involved.  Some users have 
found the following commands work when using the Intel Fortran compiler:
-
ifort /libs.dll cfitsio.lib /MD testf77.f /Gm

or possibly,

ifort /libs:dll cfitsio.lib /MD /fpp /extfpp:cfortran.h,fitsio.h 
    /iface:cvf testf77.f
-
Also note that on some systems the output listing of the testf77
program may differ slightly from the testf77.std template if leading
zeros are not printed by default before the decimal point when using F
format.

A few other utility  programs are included with CFITSIO: 
-
    speed - measures the maximum throughput (in MB per second)
              for writing and reading FITS files with CFITSIO

    listhead - lists all the header keywords in any FITS file

    fitscopy - copies any FITS file (especially useful in conjunction
                 with the CFITSIO's extended input filename syntax)

    cookbook - a sample program that performs common read and
                 write operations on a FITS file.

    iter_a, iter_b, iter_c - examples of the CFITSIO iterator routine
-

The first 4 of these utility programs can be compiled and linked by typing
-
   %  make program_name
-

**C.  Linking Programs with FITSIO

When linking applications software with the FITSIO library, several system libraries usually need to be specified on the link command line.  On 
Unix systems, the most reliable way to determine what libraries are required
is to type 'make testprog' and see what libraries the configure script has 
added.  The typical libraries that may need to be added are -lm (the math 
library) and -lnsl and -lsocket (needed only for FTP and HTTP file access).
These latter 2 libraries are not needed on VMS and Windows platforms, 
because FTP file access is not currently supported on those platforms.
 
Note that when upgrading to a newer version of CFITSIO it is usually
necessary to recompile, as well as relink, the programs that use CFITSIO,
because the definitions in fitsio.h often change.
 
**D.  Getting Started with FITSIO

In order to effectively use the FITSIO library as quickly as possible,
it is recommended that new users follow these steps:

1.  Read the following `FITS Primer' chapter for a brief
overview of the structure of FITS files.  This is especially important
for users who have not previously dealt with the FITS table and image
extensions.

2.  Write a simple program to read or write a FITS file using the Basic
Interface routines. 

3.  Refer to the cookbook.f program that is included with this release
for examples of routines that perform various common FITS file
operations.

4. Read Chapters 4 and 5 to become familiar with the conventions and
advanced features of the FITSIO interface.

5.  Scan through the more extensive set of routines that are provided
in the `Advanced Interface'.  These routines perform more specialized
functions than are provided by the Basic Interface routines.

**E.  Example Program

The following listing shows an example of how to use the FITSIO
routines in a Fortran program.  Refer to the cookbook.f program that
is included with the FITSIO distribution for examples of other
FITS programs.
-
      program writeimage

C     Create a FITS primary array containing a 2-D image

      integer status,unit,blocksize,bitpix,naxis,naxes(2)
      integer i,j,group,fpixel,nelements,array(300,200)
      character filename*80
      logical simple,extend

      status=0
C     Name of the FITS file to be created:
      filename='ATESTFILE.FITS'

C     Get an unused Logical Unit Number to use to create the FITS file
      call ftgiou(unit,status)

C     create the new empty FITS file
      blocksize=1
      call ftinit(unit,filename,blocksize,status)

C     initialize parameters about the FITS image (300 x 200 16-bit integers)
      simple=.true.
      bitpix=16
      naxis=2
      naxes(1)=300
      naxes(2)=200
      extend=.true.

C     write the required header keywords
      call ftphpr(unit,simple,bitpix,naxis,naxes,0,1,extend,status)

C     initialize the values in the image with a linear ramp function
      do j=1,naxes(2)
          do i=1,naxes(1)
              array(i,j)=i+j
          end do
      end do

C     write the array to the FITS file
      group=1
      fpixel=1
      nelements=naxes(1)*naxes(2)
      call ftpprj(unit,group,fpixel,nelements,array,status)

C     write another optional keyword to the header
      call ftpkyj(unit,'EXPOSURE',1500,'Total Exposure Time',status)

C     close the file and free the unit number
      call ftclos(unit, status)
      call ftfiou(unit, status)
      end
-

**F.  Legal Stuff

Copyright (Unpublished--all rights reserved under the copyright laws of
the United States), U.S. Government as represented by the Administrator
of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.  No copyright is
claimed in the United States under Title 17, U.S. Code.

Permission to freely use, copy, modify, and distribute this software
and its documentation without fee is hereby granted, provided that this
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty appears in all copies.

DISCLAIMER:

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS' WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EITHER EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
ANY WARRANTY THAT THE SOFTWARE WILL CONFORM TO SPECIFICATIONS, ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE, AND FREEDOM FROM INFRINGEMENT, AND ANY WARRANTY THAT THE
DOCUMENTATION WILL CONFORM TO THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY WARRANTY THAT THE
SOFTWARE WILL BE ERROR FREE.  IN NO EVENT SHALL NASA BE LIABLE FOR ANY
DAMAGES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, ARISING OUT OF, RESULTING FROM, OR IN ANY WAY
CONNECTED WITH THIS SOFTWARE, WHETHER OR NOT BASED UPON WARRANTY,
CONTRACT, TORT , OR OTHERWISE, WHETHER OR NOT INJURY WAS SUSTAINED BY
PERSONS OR PROPERTY OR OTHERWISE, AND WHETHER OR NOT LOSS WAS SUSTAINED
FROM, OR AROSE OUT OF THE RESULTS OF, OR USE OF, THE SOFTWARE OR
SERVICES PROVIDED HEREUNDER."

**G.  Acknowledgments

The development of many of the powerful features in CFITSIO was made
possible through collaborations with many people or organizations from
around the world.  The following, in particular, have made especially
significant contributions:

Programmers from the Integral Science Data Center, Switzerland (namely,
Jurek Borkowski, Bruce O'Neel, and Don Jennings), designed the concept
for the plug-in I/O drivers that was introduced with CFITSIO 2.0.  The
use of `drivers' greatly simplified  the low-level I/O, which in turn
made other new features in CFITSIO (e.g., support for compressed FITS
files and support for IRAF format image files) much easier to
implement.  Jurek Borkowski wrote the Shared Memory driver, and Bruce
O'Neel wrote the drivers for accessing FITS files over the network
using the FTP, HTTP, and ROOT protocols.

The ISDC also provided the template parsing routines (written by Jurek
Borkowski) and the hierarchical grouping routines (written by Don
Jennings).  The ISDC DAL (Data Access Layer) routines are layered on
top of CFITSIO and make extensive use of these features.

Uwe Lammers (XMM/ESA/ESTEC, The Netherlands) designed the
high-performance lexical parsing algorithm that is used to do
on-the-fly filtering of FITS tables.  This algorithm essentially
pre-compiles the user-supplied selection expression into a form that
can be rapidly evaluated for each row.  Peter Wilson (RSTX, NASA/GSFC)
then wrote the parsing routines used by CFITSIO based on Lammers'
design, combined with other techniques such as the CFITSIO iterator
routine to further enhance the data processing throughput.  This effort
also benefited from a much earlier lexical parsing routine that was
developed by Kent Blackburn (NASA/GSFC). More recently, Craig Markwardt
(NASA/GSFC) implemented additional functions (median, average, stddev)
and other enhancements to the lexical parser.

The CFITSIO iterator function is loosely based on similar ideas
developed for the XMM Data Access Layer.

Peter Wilson (RSTX, NASA/GSFC) wrote the complete set of
Fortran-callable wrappers for all the CFITSIO routines, which in turn
rely on the CFORTRAN macro developed by Burkhard Burow.

The syntax used by CFITSIO for filtering or binning input FITS files is
based on ideas developed for the AXAF Science Center Data Model by
Jonathan McDowell, Antonella Fruscione, Aneta Siemiginowska and Bill
Joye. See http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/journal/axaf7.html for
further description of the AXAF Data Model.

The file decompression code were taken directly from the gzip (GNU zip)
program developed by Jean-loup Gailly and others.

Doug Mink, SAO, provided the routines for converting IRAF format 
images into FITS format.

Martin Reinecke (Max Planck Institute, Garching)) provided the modifications to 
cfortran.h that are necessary to support 64-bit integer values when calling 
C routines from fortran programs.  The cfortran.h macros were originally developed 
by Burkhard Burow (CERN).

Julian Taylor (ESO, Garching) provided the fast byte-swapping algorithms
that use the SSE2 and SSSE3 machine instructions available on x86\_64 CPUs.

In addition, many other people have made valuable contributions to the
development of CFITSIO.  These include (with apologies to others that may
have inadvertently been omitted):

Steve Allen, Carl Akerlof, Keith Arnaud, Morten Krabbe Barfoed, Kent
Blackburn, G Bodammer, Romke Bontekoe, Lucio Chiappetti, Keith Costorf,
Robin Corbet, John Davis,  Richard Fink, Ning Gan, Emily Greene, Joe
Harrington, Cheng Ho, Phil Hodge, Jim Ingham, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Diab
Jerius, Mark Levine, Todd Karakaskian, Edward King, Scott Koch,  Claire
Larkin, Rob Managan, Eric Mandel, John Mattox, Carsten Meyer, Emi
Miyata, Stefan Mochnacki, Mike Noble, Oliver Oberdorf, Clive Page,
Arvind Parmar, Jeff Pedelty, Tim Pearson, Maren Purves, Scott Randall,
Chris Rogers, Arnold Rots, Barry Schlesinger, Robin Stebbins, Andrew
Szymkowiak, Allyn Tennant, Peter Teuben, James Theiler, Doug Tody,
Shiro Ueno, Steve Walton, Archie Warnock, Alan Watson, Dan Whipple, Wim
Wimmers, Peter Young, Jianjun Xu, and Nelson Zarate.


*III.  A FITS Primer

This section gives a brief overview of the structure of FITS files.
Users should refer to the documentation available from the FITS Support Office, as
described in the introduction, for more detailed information on FITS
formats.

FITS was first developed in the late 1970's as a standard data
interchange format between various astronomical observatories.  Since
then FITS has become the defacto standard data format supported by most
astronomical data analysis software packages.  

A FITS file consists of one or more Header + Data Units (HDUs), where
the first HDU is called the `Primary HDU', or `Primary Array'.  The
primary array contains an N-dimensional array of pixels, such as a 1-D
spectrum, a 2-D image, or a 3-D data cube.  Six different primary
datatypes are supported: Unsigned 8-bit bytes, 16, 32, and 64-bit signed
integers, and 32 and 64-bit floating point reals.  FITS also has a
convention for storing unsigned integers (see the later
section entitled `Unsigned Integers' for more details). The primary HDU
may also consist of only a header with a null array containing no
data pixels.

Any number of additional HDUs may follow the primary array; these
additional HDUs are called FITS `extensions'.  There are currently 3
types of extensions defined by the FITS standard:

\begin{itemize}
\item
  Image Extension - a N-dimensional array of pixels, like in a primary array
\item
  ASCII Table Extension - rows and columns of data in ASCII character format
\item
  Binary Table Extension - rows and columns of data in binary representation
\end{itemize}

In each case the HDU consists of an ASCII Header Unit followed by an optional
Data Unit.  For historical reasons, each Header or Data unit must be an
exact multiple of 2880 8-bit bytes long.  Any unused space is padded
with fill characters (ASCII blanks or zeros).

Each Header Unit consists of any number of 80-character keyword records
or `card images' which have the general form:
-
  KEYNAME = value / comment string
  NULLKEY =       / comment: This keyword has no value
-
The keyword names may be up to 8 characters long and can only contain
uppercase letters, the digits 0-9, the hyphen, and the underscore
character. The keyword name is (usually) followed by an equals sign and
a space character (= ) in columns 9 - 10 of the record, followed by the
value of the keyword which may be either an integer, a floating point
number, a character string (enclosed in single quotes), or a boolean
value (the letter T or F).   A keyword may also have a null or undefined
value if there is no specified value string, as in the second example.

The last keyword in the header is always the `END' keyword which has no
value or comment fields. There are many rules governing the exact
format of a keyword record (see the FITS Standard) so it is better
to rely on standard interface software like FITSIO to correctly
construct or to parse the keyword records rather than try to deal
directly with the raw FITS formats.

Each Header Unit begins with a series of required keywords which depend
on the type of HDU.  These required keywords specify the size and
format of the following Data Unit.  The header may contain other
optional keywords to describe other aspects of the data, such as the
units or scaling values.  Other COMMENT or HISTORY keywords are also
frequently added to further document the data file.

The optional Data Unit immediately follows the last 2880-byte block in
the Header Unit.  Some HDUs do not have a Data Unit and only consist of
the Header Unit.

If there is more than one HDU in the FITS file, then the Header Unit of
the next HDU immediately follows the last 2880-byte block of the
previous Data Unit (or Header Unit if there is no Data Unit).

The main required keywords in FITS primary arrays or image extensions are:
\begin{itemize}
\item
BITPIX -- defines the datatype of the array: 8, 16, 32, 64, -32, -64 for
unsigned 8--bit byte, 16--bit signed integer, 32--bit signed integer,
64--bit signed integer,
32--bit IEEE floating point, and 64--bit IEEE double precision floating
point, respectively.
\item
NAXIS --  the number of dimensions in the array, usually 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.
\item
NAXISn -- (n ranges from 1 to NAXIS) defines the size of each dimension.
\end{itemize}

FITS tables start with the keyword XTENSION = `TABLE' (for ASCII
tables) or XTENSION = `BINTABLE' (for binary tables) and have the
following main keywords:
\begin{itemize}
\item
TFIELDS -- number of fields or columns in the table
\item
NAXIS2 -- number of rows in the table
\item
TTYPEn -- for each column (n ranges from 1 to TFIELDS) gives the
name of the column
\item
TFORMn -- the datatype of the column
\item
TUNITn -- the physical units of the column (optional)
\end{itemize}

Users should refer to the FITS Support Office at {\tt http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov}
for further information about the FITS format and related software 
packages.



*V.  FITSIO Conventions and Guidelines

**A.  CFITSIO Size Limitations

CFITSIO places few restrictions on the size of FITS files that it
reads or writes.  There are a few limits, however, which may affect
some extreme cases:

1.  The maximum number of FITS files that may be simultaneously opened by
CFITSIO is set by NMAXFILES, as defined in fitsio2.h.  The current default
value is 1000, but this may be increased if necessary. Note that CFITSIO 
allocates NIOBUF * 2880 bytes of I/O buffer space for each file that is 
opened.  The default value of NIOBUF is 40 (defined in fitsio.h), so this
amounts to  more than 115K of memory  for each opened file (or 115 MB for
1000 opened files).  Note that the underlying  operating system, may have a
lower limit on the number of files that can be opened simultaneously.

2.  By default, CFITSIO can handle FITS files up to 2.1 GB in size (2**31
bytes).  This file size limit is often imposed by 32-bit operating
systems.  More recently, as 64-bit operating systems become more common, an
industry-wide standard (at least on Unix systems) has been developed to
support larger sized files (see http://ftp.sas.com/standards/large.file/). 
Starting with version 2.1 of CFITSIO, larger FITS files up to 6 terabytes
in size may be read and written on supported platforms.  In order
to support these larger files, CFITSIO must be compiled with the
'-D\_LARGEFILE\_SOURCE' and `-D\_FILE\_OFFSET\_BITS=64' compiler flags. 
Some platforms may also require the `-D\_LARGE\_FILES' compiler flag.
 This causes the compiler to allocate 8-bytes instead of
4-bytes for the `off\_t' datatype which is used to store file offset
positions.  It appears that in most cases it is not necessary to
also include these compiler flags when compiling programs that link to
the CFITSIO library.

If CFITSIO is compiled with the -D\_LARGEFILE\_SOURCE 
and -D\_FILE\_OFFSET\_BITS=64 flags on a
platform that supports large files, then it can read and write FITS
files that contain up to 2**31 2880-byte FITS records, or approximately
6 terabytes in size.  It is still required that the value of the NAXISn
and PCOUNT keywords in each extension be within the range of a signed
4-byte integer (max value = 2,147,483,648).  Thus, each dimension of an
image (given by the NAXISn keywords), the total width of a table
(NAXIS1 keyword), the number of rows in a table (NAXIS2 keyword), and
the total size of the variable-length array heap in binary tables
(PCOUNT keyword) must be less than this limit.

Currently, support for large files within CFITSIO has been tested
on the Linux, Solaris, and IBM AIX operating systems.

**B.  Multiple Access to the Same FITS File

CFITSIO supports simultaneous read and write access to multiple HDUs in
the same FITS file.  Thus, one can open the same FITS file twice within
a single program and move to 2 different HDUs in the file, and then
read and write data or keywords to the 2 extensions just as if one were
accessing 2 completely separate FITS files.   Since in general it is
not possible to physically open the same file twice and then expect to
be able to simultaneously (or in alternating succession) write to 2
different locations in the file, CFITSIO recognizes when the file to be
opened (in the call to fits\_open\_file) has already been opened and
instead of actually opening the file again, just logically links the
new file to the old file.  (This only applies if the file is opened
more than once within the same program, and does not prevent the same
file from being simultaneously opened by more than one program).  Then
before CFITSIO reads or writes to either (logical) file, it makes sure
that any modifications made to the other file have been completely
flushed from the internal buffers to the file.  Thus, in principle, one
could open a file twice, in one case pointing to the first extension
and in the other pointing to the 2nd extension and then write data to
both extensions, in any order, without danger of corrupting the file,
There may be some efficiency penalties in doing this however, since
CFITSIO has to flush all the internal buffers related to one file
before switching to the  other, so it would still be prudent to
minimize the number of times one switches back and forth between doing
I/O to different HDUs in the same file.

**C.  Current Header Data Unit (CHDU)

In general, a FITS file can contain multiple Header Data Units, also
called extensions.  CFITSIO only operates within one HDU at any given
time, and the currently selected HDU is called the Current Header Data
Unit (CHDU).  When a FITS file is first created or opened the CHDU is
automatically defined to be the first HDU (i.e., the primary array).
CFITSIO routines are provided to move to and open any other existing
HDU within the FITS file or to append or insert a new HDU in the FITS
file which then becomes the CHDU.

**D.  Subroutine Names

All FITSIO subroutine names begin with the letters 'ft' to distinguish
them from other subroutines and are 5 or 6 characters long. Users should
not name their own subroutines beginning with 'ft' to avoid conflicts.
(The SPP interface routines all begin with 'fs'). Subroutines which read
or get information from the FITS file have names beginning with
'ftg...'. Subroutines which write or put information into the FITS file
have names beginning with 'ftp...'.

**E.  Subroutine Families and Datatypes

Many of the subroutines come in families which differ only in the
datatype of the associated parameter(s) .  The datatype of these
subroutines is indicated by the last letter of the subroutine name
(e.g., 'j' in 'ftpkyj') as follows:
-
        x - bit 
        b - character*1 (unsigned byte)  
        i - short integer (I*2)
        j - integer (I*4, 32-bit integer)
        k - long long integer (I*8, 64-bit integer)
        e - real exponential floating point (R*4)
        f - real fixed-format floating point (R*4)
        d - double precision real floating-point (R*8)
        g - double precision fixed-format floating point (R*8)
        c - complex reals (pairs of R*4 values)
        m - double precision complex (pairs of R*8 values)
        l - logical (L*4)
        s - character string
-

When dealing with the FITS byte datatype, it is important to remember
that the raw values (before any scaling by the BSCALE and BZERO, or
TSCALn and TZEROn keyword values) in byte arrays (BITPIX = 8) or byte
columns (TFORMn = 'B') are interpreted as unsigned bytes with values
ranging from 0 to 255. Some Fortran compilers support a non-standard
byte datatype such as INTEGER*1, LOGICAL*1, or BYTE, which can sometimes
be used instead of CHARACTER*1 variables. Many machines permit passing a
numeric datatype (such as INTEGER*1) to the FITSIO subroutines which are
expecting a CHARACTER*1 datatype, but this technically violates the
Fortran-77 standard and is not supported on all machines (e.g., on a VAX/VMS
machine one must use the VAX-specific \%DESCR function).

One feature of the CFITSIO routines is that they can operate on a `X'
(bit) column in a binary table as though it were a `B' (byte) column.
For example a `11X' datatype column can be interpreted the same as a
`2B' column (i.e., 2 unsigned 8-bit bytes).  In some instances, it can
be more efficient to read and write whole bytes at a time, rather than
reading or writing each individual bit.

The double precision complex datatype is not a standard Fortran-77
datatype.  If a particular Fortran compiler does not directly support
this datatype,  then one may instead pass an array of pairs of double
precision values to these subroutines.  The first  value in each pair
is the real part, and the second is the imaginary part.

**F.  Implicit Data Type Conversion

The FITSIO routines that read and write numerical data can perform
implicit data type conversion.  This means that the data type of the
variable or array in the program does not need to be the same as the
data type of the value in the FITS file.  Data type conversion is
supported for numerical and string data types (if the string contains a
valid number enclosed in quotes) when reading a FITS header keyword
value and for numeric values when reading or writing values in the
primary array or a table column.  CFITSIO returns status =
NUM\_OVERFLOW  if the converted data value exceeds the range of the
output data type.  Implicit data type conversion is not supported
within binary tables for string, logical, complex, or double complex
data types.

In addition, any table column may be read as if it contained string values.
In the case of numeric columns the returned string will be formatted
using the TDISPn display format if it exists.

**G.  Data Scaling

When reading numerical data values in the primary array or a
table column, the values will be scaled automatically by the BSCALE and
BZERO (or TSCALn and TZEROn) header keyword values if they are
present in the header.  The scaled data that is returned to the reading
program will have
-
        output value = (FITS value) * BSCALE + BZERO
-
(a corresponding formula using TSCALn and TZEROn is used when reading
from table columns).  In the case of integer output values the floating
point scaled value is truncated to an integer (not rounded to the
nearest integer).  The ftpscl and fttscl subroutines may be used to
override the scaling parameters defined in the header (e.g., to turn
off the scaling so that the program can read the raw unscaled values
from the FITS file).

When writing numerical data to the primary array or to a table
column the data values will generally be automatically inversely scaled
by the value of the BSCALE and BZERO (or TSCALn and TZEROn) header
keyword values if they they exist in the header.  These keywords must
have been written to the header before any data is written for them to
have any effect.  Otherwise, one may use the ftpscl and fttscl
subroutines to define or override the scaling keywords in the header
(e.g., to turn off the scaling so that the program can write the raw
unscaled values into the FITS file). If scaling is performed, the
inverse scaled output value that is written into the FITS file will
have
-
         FITS value = ((input value) - BZERO) / BSCALE
-
(a corresponding formula using TSCALn and TZEROn is used when
writing to table columns).  Rounding to the nearest integer, rather
than truncation, is performed when writing integer datatypes to the
FITS file.

**H.  Error Status Values and the Error Message Stack

The last parameter in nearly every FITSIO subroutine is the error
status value which is both an input and an output parameter.  A
returned positive value for this parameter indicates an error was
detected.  A listing of all the FITSIO status code values is given at
the end of this document.

The FITSIO library uses an `inherited status' convention for the status
parameter which means that if a subroutine is called with a positive
input value of the status parameter, then the subroutine will exit
immediately without changing the value of the status parameter.  Thus,
if one passes the status value returned from each FITSIO routine as
input to the next FITSIO subroutine, then whenever an error is detected
all further FITSIO processing will cease.  This convention can simplify
the error checking in application programs because it is not necessary
to check the value of the status parameter after every single FITSIO
subroutine call.  If a program contains a sequence of several FITSIO
calls, one can just check the status value after the last call.  Since
the returned status values are generally distinctive, it should be
possible to determine which subroutine originally returned the error
status.  

FITSIO also maintains an internal stack of error messages (80-character
maximum length) which in many cases provide a more detailed explanation
of the cause of the error than is provided by the error status number
alone. It is recommended that the error message stack be printed out
whenever a program detects a FITSIO error. To do this, call the FTGMSG
routine repeatedly to get the successive messages on the stack. When the
stack is empty FTGMSG will return a blank string. Note that this is a
`First In -- First Out' stack, so the oldest error message is returned
first by ftgmsg.

**I.  Variable-Length Array Facility in Binary Tables

FITSIO provides easy-to-use support for reading and writing data in
variable length fields of a binary table. The variable length columns
have TFORMn keyword values of the form `1Pt(len)' or `1Qt(len)' where `t' is the
datatype code (e.g., I, J, E, D, etc.) and `len' is an integer
specifying the maximum length of the vector in the table.  If the value
of `len' is not specified when the table is created (e.g., if the TFORM
keyword value is simply specified as '1PE' instead of '1PE(400) ), then
FITSIO will automatically scan the table when it is closed to
determine the maximum length of the vector and will append this value
to the TFORMn value.

The same routines which read and write data in an ordinary fixed length
binary table extension are also used for variable length fields,
however, the subroutine parameters take on a slightly different
interpretation as described below.

All the data in a variable length field is written into an area called
the `heap' which follows the main fixed-length FITS binary table.  The
size of the heap, in bytes, is specified with the PCOUNT keyword in the
FITS header.  When creating a new binary table, the initial value of
PCOUNT should usually be set to zero.  FITSIO will recompute the size
of the heap as the data is written and will automatically update the
PCOUNT keyword value when the table is closed.  When writing variable
length data to a table, CFITSIO will automatically extend the size
of the heap area if necessary, so that any following HDUs do not
get overwritten.

By default the heap data area starts immediately after the last row of
the fixed-length table.  This default starting location may be
overridden by the THEAP keyword, but this is not recommended.  
If additional rows of data are added to the table, CFITSIO will
automatically shift the the heap down to make room for the new
rows, but it is obviously be more efficient to initially
create the table with the necessary number of blank rows, so that
the heap does not needed to be constantly moved.

When writing to a variable length field, the entire array of values for
a given row of the table must be written with a single call to FTPCLx.
The total length of the array is calculated from (NELEM+FELEM-1). One
cannot append more elements to an existing field at a later time; any
attempt to do so will simply overwrite all the data which was previously
written. Note also that the new data will be written to a new area of
the heap and the heap space used by the previous write cannot be
reclaimed. For this reason it is advised that each row of a variable
length field only be written once. An exception to this general rule
occurs when setting elements of an array as undefined. One must first
write a dummy value into the array with FTPCLx, and then call FTPCLU to
flag the desired elements as undefined. (Do not use the FTPCNx family
of routines with variable length fields). Note that the rows of a table,
whether fixed or variable length, do not have to be written
consecutively and may be written in any order.

When writing to a variable length ASCII character field (e.g., TFORM =
'1PA') only a single character string written.  FTPCLS writes the whole
length of the input string (minus any trailing blank characters), thus
the NELEM and FELEM parameters are ignored.  If the input string is
completely blank then FITSIO will write one blank character to the FITS
file.  Similarly, FTGCVS and FTGCFS read the entire string (truncated
to the width of the character string argument in the subroutine call)
and also ignore the NELEM and FELEM parameters.

The FTPDES subroutine is useful in situations where multiple rows of a
variable length column have the identical array of values.  One can
simply write the array once for the first row, and then use FTPDES to
write the same descriptor values into the other rows (use the FTGDES
routine to read the first descriptor value);  all the rows will then
point to the same storage location thus saving disk space.

When reading from a variable length array field one can only read as
many elements as actually exist in that row of the table; reading does
not automatically continue with the next row of the table as occurs
when reading an ordinary fixed length table field.  Attempts to read
more than this will cause an error status to be returned.  One can
determine the number of elements in each row of a variable column with
the FTGDES subroutine.

**I.  Support for IEEE Special Values

The ANSI/IEEE-754 floating-point number standard defines certain
special values that are used to represent such quantities as
Not-a-Number (NaN), denormalized, underflow, overflow, and infinity.
(See the Appendix in the  FITS standard or the FITS User's
Guide for a list of these values).  The FITSIO subroutines that read
floating point data in FITS files recognize these IEEE special values
and by default interpret the overflow and infinity values as being
equivalent to a NaN, and convert the underflow and denormalized values
into zeros.  In some cases programmers may want access to the raw IEEE
values, without any modification by FITSIO.  This can be done by
calling the FTGPVx or FTGCVx routines while specifying 0.0 as the value
of the NULLVAL parameter.  This will force FITSIO to simply pass the
IEEE values through to the application program, without any
modification.  This does not work for double precision values on
VAX/VMS machines, however, where there is no easy way to bypass the
default interpretation of the IEEE special values. This is also not 
supported when reading floating-point images that have been compressed
with the FITS tiled image compression convention that is discussed in
section 5.6;  the pixels values in tile compressed images are
represented by scaled integers, and a reserved integer value 
(not a NaN) is used to represent undefined pixels.


**J.  When the Final Size of the FITS HDU is Unknown

It is not required to know the total size of a FITS data array or table
before beginning to write the data to the FITS file.  In the case of
the primary array or an image extension, one should initially create
the array with the size of the highest dimension (largest NAXISn
keyword) set to a dummy value, such as 1.  Then after all the data have
been written and the true dimensions are known, then the NAXISn value
should be updated using the fits\_ update\_key routine before moving to
another extension or closing the FITS file.

When writing to FITS tables, CFITSIO automatically keeps track of the
highest row number that is written to, and will increase the size of
the table if necessary.  CFITSIO will also automatically insert space
in the FITS file if necessary, to ensure that the data 'heap', if it
exists, and/or any additional HDUs that follow the table do not get
overwritten as new rows are written to the table.

As a general rule it is best to specify the initial number of rows = 0
when the table is created, then let CFITSIO keep track of the number of
rows that are actually written.  The application program should not
manually update the number of rows in the table (as given by the NAXIS2
keyword) since CFITSIO does this automatically.  If a table is
initially created with more than zero rows, then this will usually be
considered as the minimum size of the table, even if fewer rows are
actually written to the table.  Thus, if a table is initially created
with NAXIS2 = 20, and CFITSIO only writes 10 rows of data before
closing the table, then NAXIS2 will remain equal to 20.  If however, 30
rows of data are written to this table, then NAXIS2 will be increased
from 20 to 30.  The one exception to this automatic updating of the
NAXIS2 keyword is if the application program directly modifies the
value of NAXIS2 (up or down) itself just before closing the table.  In this
case, CFITSIO does not update NAXIS2 again, since it assumes that the
application program must have had a good reason for changing the value
directly.  This is not recommended, however, and is only provided for
backward compatibility with software that initially creates a table
with a large number of rows, than decreases the NAXIS2 value to the
actual smaller value just before closing the table.

**K.  Local FITS Conventions supported by FITSIO

CFITSIO supports several local FITS conventions which are not
defined in the official FITS standard and which are not
necessarily recognized or supported by other FITS software packages.
Programmers should be cautious about using these features, especially
if the FITS files that are produced are expected to be processed by
other software systems which do not use the CFITSIO interface.

***1.  Support for Long String Keyword Values.

The length of a standard FITS string keyword is limited to 68
characters because it must fit entirely within a single FITS header
keyword record.  In some instances it is necessary to encode strings
longer than this limit, so FITSIO supports a local convention in which
the string value is continued over multiple keywords. This
continuation convention uses an ampersand character at the end of each
substring to indicate that it is continued on the next keyword, and the
continuation keywords all have the name CONTINUE without an equal sign
in column 9. The string value may be continued in this way over as many
additional CONTINUE keywords as is required.  The following lines
illustrate this continuation convention which is used in the value of
the STRKEY keyword:
-
LONGSTRN= 'OGIP 1.0'           / The OGIP Long String Convention may be used.
STRKEY  = 'This is a very long string keyword&'  / Optional Comment
CONTINUE  ' value that is continued over 3 keywords in the &  '
CONTINUE  'FITS header.' / This is another optional comment.
-
It is recommended that the LONGSTRN keyword, as shown
here, always be included in any HDU that uses this longstring
convention.  A subroutine called FTPLSW
has been provided in CFITSIO to write this keyword if it does not
already exist.

This long string convention is supported by the following FITSIO
subroutines that deal with string-valued keywords:
-
      ftgkys - read a string keyword
      ftpkls - write (append) a string keyword
      ftikls - insert a string keyword
      ftmkls - modify the value of an existing string keyword
      ftukls - update an existing keyword, or write a new keyword
      ftdkey - delete a keyword
-
These routines will transparently read, write, or delete a long string
value in the FITS file, so programmers in general do not have to be
concerned about the details of the convention that is used to encode
the long string in the FITS header.  When reading a long string, one
must ensure that the character string parameter used in these
subroutine calls has been declared long enough to hold the entire
string, otherwise the returned string value will be truncated.

Note that the more commonly used FITSIO subroutine to write string
valued keywords (FTPKYS) does NOT support this long string convention
and only supports strings up to 68 characters in length.  This has been
done deliberately to prevent programs from inadvertently writing
keywords using this non-standard convention without the explicit intent
of the programmer or user.   The FTPKLS subroutine must be called
instead to write long strings.  This routine can also be used to write
ordinary string values less than 68 characters in length.

***2.  Arrays of Fixed-Length Strings in Binary Tables

CFITSIO supports 2 ways to specify that a character column in a binary
table contains an array of fixed-length strings.  The first way, which
is officially supported by the FITS Standard document, uses the TDIMn keyword.
For example, if TFORMn = '60A' and TDIMn = '(12,5)' then that 
column will be interpreted as containing an array of 5 strings, each 12
characters long.

FITSIO also supports a 
local convention for the format of the TFORMn keyword value of the form
'rAw' where 'r' is an integer specifying the total width in characters
of the column, and 'w' is an integer specifying the (fixed) length of
an individual unit string within the vector.  For example, TFORM1 =
'120A10' would indicate that the binary table column is 120 characters
wide and consists of 12 10-character length strings.  This convention
is recognized by the FITSIO subroutines that read or write strings in
binary tables.   The Binary Table definition document specifies that
other optional characters may follow the datatype code in the TFORM
keyword, so this local convention is in compliance with the
FITS standard, although other FITS readers are not required to
recognize this convention.

***3.  Keyword Units Strings

One deficiency of the current FITS Standard is that it does not define
a specific convention for recording the physical units of a keyword
value.  The TUNITn keyword can be used to specify the physical units of
the values in a table column, but there is no analogous convention for
keyword values.  The comment field of the keyword is often used for
this purpose, but the units are usually not specified in a well defined
format that FITS readers can easily recognize and extract.

To solve this deficiency, FITSIO uses a local convention in which the
keyword units are enclosed in square brackets as the first token in the
keyword comment field; more specifically, the opening square bracket
immediately follows the slash '/' comment field delimiter and a single
space character.  The following examples illustrate keywords that use
this convention:

-
EXPOSURE=               1800.0 / [s] elapsed exposure time
V_HELIO =                16.23 / [km s**(-1)] heliocentric velocity
LAMBDA  =                5400. / [angstrom] central wavelength
FLUX    = 4.9033487787637465E-30 / [J/cm**2/s] average flux
-

In general, the units named in the IAU(1988) Style Guide are
recommended, with the main exception that the preferred unit for angle
is 'deg' for degrees.

The FTPUNT and FTGUNT subroutines in FITSIO write and read,
respectively, the keyword unit strings in an existing keyword.

***4.  HIERARCH Convention for Extended Keyword Names

CFITSIO supports the HIERARCH keyword convention which allows keyword
names that are longer then 8 characters and may contain the full range
of printable ASCII text characters.  This convention 
was developed at the European Southern Observatory (ESO)  to support 
hierarchical FITS keyword such as:
-
HIERARCH ESO INS FOCU POS = -0.00002500 / Focus position
-
Basically, this convention uses the FITS keyword 'HIERARCH' to indicate
that this convention is being used, then the actual keyword name
({\tt'ESO INS FOCU POS'} in this example) begins in column 10 and can
contain any printable ASCII text characters, including spaces.  The
equals sign marks the end of the keyword name and is followed by the
usual value and comment fields just as in standard FITS keywords.
Further details of this convention are described at
http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/registry/hierarch\_keyword.html
and in Section 4.4 of the ESO Data Interface Control Document that
is linked to from 
http://archive.eso.org/cms/tools-documentation/eso-data-interface-control.html.

This convention allows a much broader range of keyword names 
than is allowed by the FITS Standard.  Here are more examples
of such keywords:
-
HIERARCH LongKeyword = 47.5 / Keyword has > 8 characters, and mixed case
HIERARCH XTE$TEMP = 98.6 / Keyword contains the '$' character
HIERARCH Earth is a star = F / Keyword contains embedded spaces
-
CFITSIO will transparently read and write these keywords, so application
programs do not in general need to know anything about the specific
implementation details of the HIERARCH convention.  In particular,
application programs do not need to specify the `HIERARCH' part of the
keyword name when reading or writing keywords (although it
may be included if desired).  When writing a keyword, CFITSIO first
checks to see if the keyword name is legal as a standard FITS keyword
(no more than 8 characters long and containing only letters, digits, or
a minus sign or underscore). If so it writes it as a standard FITS
keyword, otherwise it uses the hierarch convention to write the
keyword.   The maximum keyword name length is 67 characters, which
leaves only 1 space for the value field.  A more practical limit is
about 40 characters, which leaves enough room for most keyword values.
CFITSIO returns an error if there is not enough room for both the
keyword name and the keyword value on the 80-character card, except for
string-valued keywords which are simply truncated so that the closing
quote character falls in column 80.  In the current implementation,
CFITSIO preserves the case of the letters when writing the keyword
name, but it is case-insensitive when reading or searching for a
keyword.  The current implementation allows any ASCII text character
(ASCII 32 to ASCII 126) in the keyword name except for the '='
character.  A space is also required on either side of the equal sign.

**L.  Optimizing Code for Maximum Processing Speed

CFITSIO has been carefully designed to obtain the highest possible
speed when reading and writing FITS files.  In order to achieve the
best performance, however, application programmers must be careful to
call the CFITSIO routines appropriately and in an efficient sequence;
inappropriate usage of CFITSIO routines can greatly slow down the
execution speed of a program.

The maximum possible I/O speed of CFITSIO depends of course on the type
of computer system that it is running on.  To get a general idea of what
data I/O speeds are possible on a particular machine, build the speed.c 
program that is distributed with CFITSIO (type 'make speed' in the CFITSIO
directory).  This diagnostic program measures the speed of writing and reading
back a test FITS image, a binary table, and an ASCII table.

The following 2 sections provide some background on how CFITSIO
internally manages the data I/O and describes some strategies that may
be used to optimize the processing speed of software that uses
CFITSIO.

***1.  Background Information: How CFITSIO Manages Data I/O

Many CFITSIO operations involve transferring only a small number of
bytes to or from the FITS file (e.g, reading a keyword, or writing a
row in a table); it would be very inefficient to physically read or
write such small blocks of data directly in the FITS file on disk,
therefore CFITSIO maintains a set of internal Input--Output (IO)
buffers in RAM memory that each contain one FITS block (2880 bytes) of
data.  Whenever CFITSIO needs to access data in the FITS file, it first
transfers the FITS block containing those bytes into one of the IO
buffers in memory.  The next time CFITSIO needs to access bytes in the
same block it can then go to the fast IO buffer rather than using a
much slower system disk access routine.  The number of available IO
buffers is determined by the NIOBUF parameter (in fitsio2.h) and is
currently set to 40.

Whenever CFITSIO reads or writes data it first checks to see if that
block of the FITS file is already loaded into one of the IO buffers.
If not, and if there is an empty IO buffer available, then it will load
that block into the IO buffer (when reading a FITS file) or will
initialize a new block (when writing to a FITS file).  If all the IO
buffers are already full, it must decide which one to reuse (generally
the one that has been accessed least recently), and flush the contents
back to disk if it has been modified before loading the new block.

The one major exception to the above process occurs whenever a large
contiguous set of bytes are accessed, as might occur when reading or
writing a FITS image.  In this case CFITSIO bypasses the internal IO
buffers and simply reads or writes the desired bytes directly in the
disk file with a single call to a low-level file read or write
routine.  The minimum threshold for the number of bytes to read or
write this way is set by the MINDIRECT parameter and is currently set
to 3 FITS blocks = 8640 bytes.  This is the most efficient way to read
or write large chunks of data.  Note that this fast direct IO process is not
applicable when accessing columns of data in a FITS table because the
bytes are generally not contiguous since they are interleaved by the
other columns of data in the table.  This explains why the speed for
accessing FITS tables is generally slower than accessing
FITS images.

Given this background information, the general strategy for efficiently
accessing FITS files should now be apparent:  when dealing with FITS
images, read or write large chunks of data at a time so that the direct
IO mechanism will be invoked;  when accessing FITS headers or FITS
tables, on the other hand, once a particular FITS block has been
loading into one of the IO buffers, try to access all the needed
information in that block before it gets flushed out of the IO buffer.
It is important to avoid the situation where the same FITS block is
being read then flushed from a IO buffer multiple times.

The following section gives more specific suggestions for optimizing
the use of CFITSIO.

***2.  Optimization Strategies

1.  Because the data in FITS files is always stored in "big-endian" byte order,
where the first byte of numeric values contains the most significant bits and the
last byte contains the least significant bits, CFITSIO must swap the order of the bytes
when reading or writing FITS files when running on little-endian machines (e.g., 
Linux and Microsoft Windows operating systems running on PCs with x86 CPUs). 

On fairly new CPUs that support "SSSE3" machine instructions 
(e.g., starting with Intel Core 2 CPUs in 2007, and in AMD CPUs 
beginning in 2011) significantly faster 4-byte and 8-byte swapping
algorithms are available. These faster byte swapping functions are 
not used by default in CFITSIO (because of the potential code 
portablility issues), but users can enable them on supported 
platforms by adding the appropriate compiler flags (-mssse3 with gcc
or icc on linux) when compiling the swapproc.c source file, which will
allow the compiler to generate code using the SSSE3 instruction set.
A convenient way to do this is to configure the CFITSIO library
with the following command:
-
  >  ./configure --enable-ssse3
-
Note, however, that a binary executable file that is 
created using these faster functions will only run on 
machines that support the SSSE3 machine instructions. It will
crash on machines that do not support them.

For faster 2-byte swaps on virtually all x86-64 CPUs (even those that
do not support SSSE3), a variant using only SSE2 instructions exists.
SSE2 is enabled by default on x86\_64 CPUs with 64-bit operating systems
(and is also automatically enabled by the --enable-ssse3 flag).
When running on x86\_64 CPUs with 32-bit operating systems, these faster 
2-byte swapping algorithms are not used by default in CFITSIO, but can be 
enabled explicitly with:
-
./configure --enable-sse2
-
Preliminary testing indicates that these SSSE3 and SSE2 based
byte-swapping algorithms can boost the CFITSIO performance when 
reading or writing FITS images by 20\% - 30\% or more.
It is important to note, however, that compiler optimization must be
turned on (e.g., by using the -O1 or -O2 flags in gcc) when building
programs that use these fast byte-swapping algorithms in order
to reap the full benefit of the SSSE3 and SSE2 instructions; without
optimization, the code may actually run slower than when using
more traditional byte-swapping techniques.

2.  When dealing with a FITS primary array or IMAGE extension, it is
more efficient to read or write large chunks of the  image at a time
(at least 3 FITS blocks = 8640 bytes) so that the direct IO mechanism
will be used as described in the previous section.  Smaller chunks of
data are read or written via the IO buffers, which is somewhat less
efficient because of the extra copy operation and additional
bookkeeping steps that are required.  In principle it is more efficient
to read or write as big an array of image pixels at one time as
possible, however, if the array becomes so large that the operating
system cannot store it all in RAM, then the performance may be degraded
because of the increased swapping of virtual memory to disk.

3.  When dealing with FITS tables, the most important efficiency factor
in the software design is to read or write the data in the FITS file in
a single pass through the file.  An example of poor program design
would be to read a large, 3-column table by sequentially reading the
entire first column, then going back to read the 2nd column, and
finally the 3rd column; this obviously requires 3 passes through the
file which could triple the execution time of an I/O limited program.
For small tables this is not important, but when reading multi-megabyte
sized tables these inefficiencies can become significant.  The more
efficient procedure in this case is to read or write only as many rows
of the table as will fit into the available internal I/O buffers, then
access all the necessary columns of data within that range of rows.
Then after the program is completely finished with the data in those
rows it can move on to the next range of rows that will fit in the
buffers, continuing in this way until the entire file has been
processed.  By using this procedure of accessing all the columns of a
table in parallel rather than sequentially, each block of the FITS file
will only be read or written once.

The optimal number of rows to read or write at one time in a given
table depends on the width of the table row, on the number of I/O
buffers that have been allocated in FITSIO, and also on the number of
other FITS files that are open at the same time (since one I/O buffer
is always reserved for each open FITS file).  Fortunately, a FITSIO
routine is available that will return the optimal number of rows for a
given table:  call ftgrsz(unit, nrows, status).  It is not critical to
use exactly the value of nrows returned by this routine, as long as one
does not exceed it.  Using a very small value however can also lead to
poor performance because of the overhead from the larger number of
subroutine calls.

The optimal number of rows returned by ftgrsz is valid only as long as
the application program is only reading or writing data in the
specified table.  Any other calls to access data in the table header 
would  cause additional blocks of data to be
loaded into the I/O buffers displacing data from the original table,
and should be avoided during the critical period while the table is
being read or written.

4.  Use binary table extensions rather than ASCII table
extensions for better efficiency  when dealing with tabular data.  The
I/O to ASCII tables is slower because of the overhead in formatting or
parsing the ASCII data fields, and because ASCII tables are about twice
as large as binary tables with the same information content.

5. Design software so that it reads the FITS header keywords in the
same order in which they occur in the file.  When reading keywords,
FITSIO searches forward starting from the position of the last keyword
that was read.  If it reaches the end of the header without finding the
keyword, it then goes back to the start of the header and continues the
search down to the position where it started.  In practice, as long as
the entire FITS header can fit at one time in the available internal I/O
buffers, then the header keyword access will be very fast and it makes
little difference which order they are accessed.

6. Avoid the use of scaling (by using the BSCALE and BZERO or TSCAL and
TZERO keywords) in FITS files since the scaling operations add to the
processing time needed to read or write the data.  In some cases it may
be more efficient to temporarily turn off the scaling (using ftpscl or
fttscl) and then read or write the raw unscaled values in the FITS
file.

7. Avoid using the 'implicit datatype conversion' capability in
FITSIO.  For instance, when reading a FITS image with BITPIX = -32
(32-bit floating point pixels), read the data into a single precision
floating point data array in the program.  Forcing FITSIO to convert
the data to a different datatype can significantly slow the program.

8. Where feasible, design FITS binary tables using vector column
elements so that the data are written as a contiguous set of bytes,
rather than as single elements in multiple rows.  For example, it is
faster to access the data in a table that contains a single row
and 2 columns with TFORM keywords equal to  '10000E' and '10000J', than
it is to access the same amount of data in a table with 10000 rows
which has columns with the TFORM keywords equal to '1E' and '1J'.  In
the former case the 10000 floating point values in the first column are
all written in a contiguous block of the file which can be read or
written quickly, whereas in the second case each floating point value
in the first column is interleaved with the integer value in the second
column of the same row so CFITSIO has to explicitly move to the
position of each element to be read or written.

9. Avoid the use of variable length vector columns in binary tables,
since any reading or writing of these data requires that CFITSIO first
look up or compute the starting address of each row of data in the
heap.  In practice, this is probably not a significant efficiency issue.

10. When copying data from one FITS table to another, it is faster to
transfer the raw bytes instead of reading then writing each column of
the table.  The FITSIO subroutines FTGTBS and FTPTBS (for ASCII
tables), and  FTGTBB and FTPTBB (for binary tables) will perform
low-level reads or writes of any contiguous range of bytes in a table
extension.  These routines can be used to read or write a whole row (or
multiple rows) of a table with a single subroutine call.   These
routines are fast because they bypass all the usual data scaling, error
checking and machine dependent data conversion that is normally done by
FITSIO, and they allow the program to write the data to the output file
in exactly the same byte order.  For these same reasons, use of these
routines can be somewhat risky because no validation or machine
dependent conversion is performed by these routines.  In general these
routines are only recommended for optimizing critical pieces of code
and should only be used by programmers who thoroughly understand the
internal byte structure of the FITS tables they are reading or
writing.

11. Another strategy for improving the speed of writing a FITS table,
similar to the previous one, is to directly construct the entire byte
stream for a whole table row (or multiple rows) within the application
program and then write it to the FITS file with
ftptbb.  This avoids all the overhead normally present
in the column-oriented CFITSIO write routines.  This technique should
only be used for critical applications, because it makes the code more
difficult to understand and maintain, and it makes the code more system
dependent (e.g., do the bytes need to be swapped before writing to the
FITS file?).

12.  Finally, external factors such as the type of magnetic disk
controller (SCSI or IDE), the size of the disk cache, the average seek
speed of the disk, the amount of disk fragmentation, and the amount of
RAM available on the system can all have a significant impact on
overall I/O efficiency.  For critical applications, a system
administrator should review the proposed system hardware to identify any
potential I/O bottlenecks.



*VII.  Basic Interface Routines

This section defines a basic set of subroutines that can be
used to perform the most common types of read and write operations
on FITS files.  New users should start with these subroutines and
then, as needed, explore the more advance routines described in
the following chapter to perform more complex or specialized operations.

A right arrow symbol ($>$) is used to separate the input parameters from
the output parameters in the  definition of each routine.  This symbol
is not actually part of the calling sequence.  Note that
the status parameter is both an input and an output parameter
and must be initialized = 0 prior to calling the FITSIO subroutines.

Refer to Chapter 9 for the definition of all the parameters 
used by these interface routines.

**A.  FITSIO Error Status Routines \label{FTVERS}

>1  Return the current version number of the fitsio library.
    The version number will be incremented with each new
>   release of CFITSIO.
-
        FTVERS( > version)
-
>2  Return the descriptive text string corresponding to a FITSIO error
    status code.   The 30-character length string contains a brief
>   description of the cause of the error.
-
        FTGERR(status, > errtext)
-
>3  Return the top (oldest) 80-character error message from the
    internal FITSIO stack of error messages and shift any remaining
    messages on the stack up one level.  Any FITSIO error will
    generate one or more messages on the stack.  Call this routine
    repeatedly to get each message in sequence.  The error stack is empty
>   when a blank string is returned.
-
        FTGMSG( > errmsg)
-
>4 The FTPMRK routine puts an invisible marker on the 
   CFITSIO error stack.  The FTCMRK routine can then be
   used to delete any more recent error messages on the stack, back to
   the position of the marker.  This preserves any older error messages
   on the stack.  FTCMSG simply clears the entire error message stack.
>  These routines are called without any arguments.
-
        FTPMRK
        FTCMRK
        FTCMSG
-

>5  Print out the error message corresponding to the input status
    value and all the error messages on the FITSIO stack  to the specified
    file stream  (stream can be either the string 'STDOUT' or 'STDERR').
>   If the input status value = 0 then this routine does nothing.
-
       FTRPRT (stream, > status)
-
>6  Write an 80-character message to the FITSIO error stack.  Application
    programs should not normally write to the stack, but there may be
>   some situations where this is desirable.
-
        FTPMSG(errmsg)
-

**B.  File I/O Routines

>1 Open an existing FITS file with readonly or readwrite access.
   This routine always opens the primary array (the first HDU) of 
   the file, and does not move to a following extension, if one was
   specified as part of the filename.   Use the FTNOPN routine to
   automatically move to the extension.  This routine will also
   open IRAF images (.imh format files) and raw binary data arrays
   with READONLY access by first converting them on the fly into
   virtual FITS images.  See the `Extended File Name Syntax' chapter
   for more details.  The FTDKOPN routine simply opens the specified
   file without trying to interpret the filename using the extended
>  filename syntax.
-
        FTOPEN(unit,filename,rwmode, > blocksize,status)
        FTDKOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > blocksize,status)
-
>2 Open an existing FITS file with readonly or readwrite access
   and move to a following extension, if one was specified as
   part of the filename.  (e.g.,  'filename.fits+2' or
   'filename.fits[2]' will move to the 3rd HDU in the file).
   Note that this routine differs from FTOPEN in that it does not
>  have the redundant blocksize argument.
-
        FTNOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
-
>3 Open an existing FITS file with readonly or readwrite access
   and then move to the first HDU containing significant data, if a) an HDU
   name or number to open was not explicitly specified as part of the
   filename, and b) if the FITS file contains a null primary array (i.e.,
   NAXIS = 0).  In this case, it will look for the first IMAGE HDU with
   NAXIS > 0, or the first table that does not contain the strings `GTI'
   (Good Time Interval) or `OBSTABLE' in the EXTNAME keyword value.  FTTOPN
   is similar, except it will move to the first significant table HDU
   (skipping over any image HDUs) in the file if a specific HDU name
   or number is not specified.  FTIOPN will move to the first non-null
>  image HDU, skipping over any tables.
-
        FTDOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTTOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTIOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
-
>4 Open and initialize a new empty FITS file.   A template file may also be
   specified to define the structure of the new file (see section 4.2.4).
   The FTDKINIT routine simply creates the specified
   file without trying to interpret the filename using the extended
>  filename syntax.
-
        FTINIT(unit,filename,blocksize, > status)
        FTDKINIT(unit,filename,blocksize, > status)
-
>>5 Close a FITS file previously opened with ftopen or ftinit
-
        FTCLOS(unit, > status)
-
>6  Move to a specified (absolute) HDU in the FITS file (nhdu = 1 for the
>   FITS primary array)
-
        FTMAHD(unit,nhdu, > hdutype,status)
-
>7  Create a primary array (if none already exists), or insert a 
    new IMAGE extension immediately following the CHDU, or
    insert a new Primary Array at the beginning of the file.  Any
    following extensions in the file will be shifted down to make room
    for the new extension.  If the CHDU is the last HDU in the file
    then the new image extension will simply be appended to the end of
    the file.   One can force a new primary array to be inserted at the
    beginning of the FITS file by setting status = -9 prior
    to calling the routine.  In this case the existing primary array will be
    converted to an IMAGE extension. The new extension (or primary
    array) will become the CHDU.  The FTIIMGLL routine is identical
    to the FTIIMG routine except that the 4th parameter (the length
    of each axis) is an array of 64-bit integers rather than an array
>   of 32-bit integers.
-
        FTIIMG(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes, > status) 
        FTIIMGLL(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxesll, > status) 
-
>8  Insert a new ASCII TABLE extension immediately following the CHDU.
    Any following extensions will be shifted down to make room for
    the new extension.  If there are no other following extensions
    then the new table extension will simply be appended to the
    end of the file.  The new extension will become the CHDU. The FTITABLL
    routine is identical
    to the FTITAB routine except that the 2nd and 3rd parameters (that give
    the size of the table) are 64-bit integers rather than 
    32-bit integers.  Under normal circumstances, the nrows and nrowsll 
    paramenters should have a value of 0; CFITSIO will automatically update
>   the number of rows as data is written to the table.
-
        FTITAB(unit,rowlen,nrows,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,extname, >
               status)
        FTITABLL(unit,rowlenll,nrowsll,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,extname, >
               status)
-
>9  Insert a new binary table extension immediately following the CHDU.
    Any following extensions will be shifted down to make room for
    the new extension.  If there are no other following extensions
    then the new bintable extension will simply be appended to the
     end of the file.  The new extension will become the CHDU. The FTIBINLL
    routine is identical
    to the FTIBIN routine except that the 2nd parameter (that gives
    the length of the table) is a 64-bit integer rather than 
    a 32-bit integer. Under normal circumstances, the nrows and nrowsll 
    paramenters should have a value of 0; CFITSIO will automatically update
>   the number of rows as data is written to the table.
-
        FTIBIN(unit,nrows,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat > status)
        FTIBINLL(unit,nrowsll,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat > status)

-
**C.  Keyword I/O Routines

>>1 Put (append) an 80-character record into the CHU. 
-
        FTPREC(unit,card, > status)
-
>2  Put (append) a new keyword of the appropriate datatype into the CHU. 
     The E and D versions of this routine have the added feature that
     if the 'decimals' parameter is negative, then the 'G' display
     format rather then the 'E' format will be used when constructing
     the keyword value, taking the absolute value of 'decimals' for the
     precision.  This will suppress trailing zeros, and will use a
     fixed format rather than an exponential format,
>    depending on the magnitude of the value.
-
        FTPKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTPKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)  
-
>3 Get the nth 80-character header record from the CHU.  The first keyword
   in the header is at key\_no = 1;  if key\_no = 0 then this subroutine
   simple moves the internal pointer to the beginning of the header
   so that subsequent keyword operations will start at the top of 
>  the header; it also returns a blank card value in this case.
-
        FTGREC(unit,key_no, > card,status)
-
>4  Get a keyword value (with the appropriate datatype) and comment from 
>   the CHU 
-
        FTGKY[EDJKLS](unit,keyword, > keyval,comment,status)
-
>>5  Delete an existing keyword record.  
-
        FTDKEY(unit,keyword, > status)
-

**D.  Data I/O Routines

The following routines read or write data values in the current HDU of
the FITS file.  Automatic datatype conversion 
will be attempted for numerical datatypes if the specified datatype is 
different from the actual datatype of the FITS array or table column.

>>1 Write elements into the primary data array or image extension.
-
        FTPPR[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,values, > status)
-
>2  Read elements from the primary data array or image extension.  
    Undefined array elements will be 
    returned with a value = nullval, unless nullval = 0 in which case no 
    checks for undefined pixels will be performed. The anyf parameter is 
    set to true (= .true.) if any of the returned
>   elements were undefined.
-
        FTGPV[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,nullval, > values,anyf,status)
-
>3  Write elements into an ASCII or binary table column. The `felem'
    parameter applies only to vector columns in binary tables and is 
>   ignored when writing to ASCII tables.
-
        FTPCL[SLBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,values, > status)
-
>4  Read elements from an ASCII or binary table column.  Undefined
    array elements will be returned with a value = nullval, unless nullval = 0 
    (or = ' ' for ftgcvs) in which case no checking for undefined values will
    be performed. The ANYF parameter is set to true if any of the returned
    elements are undefined. 

    Any column, regardless of it's intrinsic datatype, may be read as a
    string.  It should be noted however that reading a numeric column
    as a string is 10 - 100 times slower than reading the same column
    as a number due to the large overhead in constructing the formatted
    strings.  The display format of the returned strings will be
    determined by the TDISPn keyword, if it exists, otherwise by the
    datatype of the column.  The length of the returned strings  can be
    determined with the ftgcdw routine.  The following TDISPn display
    formats are currently supported:
-
    Iw.m   Integer
    Ow.m   Octal integer
    Zw.m   Hexadecimal integer
    Fw.d   Fixed floating point
    Ew.d   Exponential floating point
    Dw.d   Exponential floating point
    Gw.d   General; uses Fw.d if significance not lost, else Ew.d
-
  where w is the width in characters of the displayed values, m is the minimum
  number of digits displayed, and d is the number of digits to the right of the 
>  decimal.  The .m field is optional.

-
        FTGCV[SBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,nullval, > 
                       values,anyf,status)
-
>5  Get the table column number and full name of the column whose name
    matches the input template string.  See the `Advanced Interface Routines' 
>   chapter for a full description of this routine.
- 
        FTGCNN(unit,casesen,coltemplate, > colname,colnum,status)
-


*VIII   Advanced Interface Subroutines

This chapter defines all the available subroutines in the FITSIO user
interface. For completeness, the basic subroutines described in the
previous chapter are also repeated here. A right arrow symbol is used
here to separate the input parameters from the output parameters in the
definition of each subroutine. This symbol is not actually part of the
calling sequence. An alphabetical list and definition of all the
parameters is given at the end of this section. 

**A.  FITS File Open and Close Subroutines: \label{FTOPEN}

>1 Open an existing FITS file with readonly or readwrite access. The 
FTDKOPN routine simply opens the specified file without trying to 
interpret the filename using the extended filename syntax. FTDOPN opens
the file and 
also moves to the first HDU containing significant data, if no specific
HDU is specified as part of the filename.  FTTOPN and FTIOPN are similar
except that they will move to the first table HDU or image HDU, respectively,
>if a HDU name or number is not specified as part of the filename.
-
        FTOPEN(unit,filename,rwmode, > blocksize,status)
        FTDKOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > blocksize,status)

        FTDOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTTOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTIOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
-

>2 Open an existing FITS file with readonly or readwrite access
   and move to a following extension, if one was specified as
   part of the filename.  (e.g.,  'filename.fits+2' or
   'filename.fits[2]' will move to the 3rd HDU in the file).
   Note that this routine differs from FTOPEN in that it does not
>  have the redundant blocksize argument.
-
        FTNOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
-
>3  Reopen a FITS file that was previously opened with 
    FTOPEN, FTNOPN, or FTINIT.  The newunit number
    may then be treated as a separate file, and one may
    simultaneously read or write to 2 (or more)  different extensions in
    the same file.   The FTOPEN and FTNOPN routines (above) automatically
    detects cases where a previously opened file is being opened again,
    and then internally call FTREOPEN, so programs should rarely
>   need to explicitly call this routine.
-
       FTREOPEN(unit, > newunit, status)
-
>4 Open and initialize a new empty FITS file.
   The FTDKINIT routine simply creates the specified
   file without trying to interpret the filename using the extended
>  filename syntax.
-
       FTINIT(unit,filename,blocksize, > status)
       FTDKINIT(unit,filename,blocksize, > status)
-

>5   Create a new FITS file, using a template file to define its
  initial size and structure.  The template may be another FITS HDU
  or an ASCII template file.  If the input template file name
  is blank, then this routine behaves the same as FTINIT.
  The currently supported format of the ASCII template file is described
  under the fits\_parse\_template routine (in the general Utilities 
  section), but this may change slightly later releases of
> CFITSIO.
-
       FTTPLT(unit, filename, tplfilename, > status)
-
>6 Flush internal buffers of data to the output FITS file 
   previously opened with ftopen or ftinit.  The routine usually
   never needs to be called, but doing so will ensure that
   if the program subsequently aborts, then the FITS file will
>  have at least been closed properly.
-
        FTFLUS(unit, > status)
-
>>7 Close a FITS file previously opened with ftopen or ftinit
-
        FTCLOS(unit, > status)
-
>8  Close and DELETE a FITS file previously opened with ftopen or ftinit.
    This routine may be  useful in cases where a FITS file is created, but
>   an error occurs which prevents the complete file from being written.
-
        FTDELT(unit, > status)
-
>9  Get the value of an unused I/O unit number which may then be used
    as input to FTOPEN or FTINIT.  This routine searches for the first
    unused unit number in the range from with 99 down to 50.   This
    routine just keeps an internal list of the allocated unit numbers
    and does not physically check that the Fortran unit is available (to be
    compatible with the SPP version of FITSIO).  Thus users must not
    independently allocate any unit numbers in the range 50 - 99 
    if this routine is also to be used in the same program.  This 
    routine is provided for convenience only, and it is not required 
>   that the unit numbers used by FITSIO be allocated by this routine.
-
        FTGIOU( > iounit, status)
-
>10  Free (deallocate) an I/O unit number which was previously allocated
    with FTGIOU.   All previously allocated unit numbers may be
>   deallocated at once by calling FTFIOU with iounit = -1.
-
        FTFIOU(iounit, > status)
-
>11  Return the Fortran unit number that corresponds to the C fitsfile
pointer value, or vice versa.  These 2 C routines may be useful in 
mixed language programs where both C and Fortran subroutines need
to access the same file.  For example, if a FITS file is opened
with unit 12 by a Fortran subroutine, then a C routine within the
same program could get the fitfile pointer value to access the same file
by calling  'fptr = CUnit2FITS(12)'.  These routines return a value
>of zero if an error occurs.
-
      int       CFITS2Unit(fitsfile *ptr);
      fitsfile* CUnit2FITS(int unit);
-

>11  Parse the input filename and return the HDU number that would be
moved to if the file were opened with FTNOPN.    The returned HDU
number begins with 1 for the primary array, so for example, if the
input filename = `myfile.fits[2]' then hdunum = 3 will be returned.
FITSIO does not open the file to check if the extension actually exists
if an extension number is specified. If an extension *name* is included
in the file name specification (e.g.  `myfile.fits[EVENTS]' then this
routine will have to open the FITS file and look for the position of
the named extension, then close file again.  This is not possible if
the file is being read from the stdin stream, and an error will be
returned in this case.  If the filename does not specify an explicit
extension (e.g. 'myfile.fits') then hdunum = -99 will be returned,
which is functionally equivalent to hdunum = 1. This routine is mainly
used for backward compatibility in the ftools software package and is
not recommended for general use.  It is generally better and more
efficient to first open the FITS file with FTNOPN, then use FTGHDN to
determine which HDU in the file has been opened, rather than calling
> FTEXTN followed by a call to FTNOPN.
-
        FTEXTN(filename, > nhdu, status)
-
>>12 Return the name of the opened FITS file. 
-
        FTFLNM(unit, > filename, status)
-
>>13 Return the I/O mode of the open FITS file (READONLY = 0, READWRITE = 1).
-
        FTFLMD(unit, > iomode, status)
-
>14 Return the file type of the opened FITS file (e.g. 'file://', 'ftp://',
>  etc.).
-
        FTURLT(unit, > urltype, status)
-
>15  Parse the input filename or URL into its component parts: the file
type (file://, ftp://, http://, etc), the base input file name, the
name of the output file that the input file is to be copied to prior
to opening, the HDU or extension specification, the filtering
specifier, the binning specifier, and the column specifier.  Blank
strings will be returned for any components that are not present
>in the input file name.
-
       FTIURL(filename, > filetype, infile, outfile, extspec, filter, 
               binspec, colspec, status)
-
>16 Parse the input file name and return the root file name.  The root
name includes the file type if specified, (e.g.  'ftp://' or 'http://')
and the full path name, to the extent that it is specified in the input
filename.  It does not include the HDU name or number, or any filtering
>specifications.
-
       FTRTNM(filename, > rootname, status)
-

>16 Test if the input file or a compressed version of the file (with
a .gz, .Z, .z, or .zip extension) exists on disk.  The returned value of 
the 'exists' parameter will have 1 of the 4 following values:
-
   2:  the file does not exist, but a compressed version does exist
   1:  the disk file does exist
   0:  neither the file nor a compressed version of the file exist
  -1:  the input file name is not a disk file (could be a ftp, http,
       smem, or mem file, or a file piped in on the STDIN stream)
-
> 
-
      FTEXIST(filename, > exists, status);
-
**B.  HDU-Level Operations \label{FTMAHD}

When a FITS file is first opened or created, the internal buffers in
FITSIO automatically point to the first HDU in the file.  The following
routines may be used to move to another HDU in the file.  Note that
the HDU numbering convention used in FITSIO  denotes the primary array
as the first HDU, the first extension in a FITS file is the second HDU,
and so on.

>1  Move to a specified (absolute) HDU in the FITS file (nhdu = 1 for the
>   FITS primary array)
-
        FTMAHD(unit,nhdu, > hdutype,status)
-
>>2 Move to a new (existing) HDU forward or backwards relative to the CHDU
-
        FTMRHD(unit,nmove, > hdutype,status)  
-
>3  Move to the (first) HDU which has the specified extension type and
    EXTNAME (or HDUNAME) and EXTVER keyword values.  The hdutype parameter
    may have
    a value of IMAGE\_HDU (0), ASCII\_TBL (1), BINARY\_TBL (2), or ANY\_HDU (-1)
    where ANY\_HDU means that only the extname and extver values will be
    used to locate the correct extension.  If the input value of
    extver is 0 then the EXTVER keyword is ignored and the first HDU
    with a matching EXTNAME (or HDUNAME) keyword will be found.  If no
    matching HDU is found in the file then the current HDU will remain
    unchanged
>   and a status = BAD\_HDU\_NUM (301) will be returned. 
-
        FTMNHD(unit, hdutype, extname, extver, > status)
-
>>4 Get the number of the current HDU in the FITS file (primary array = 1)
-
        FTGHDN(unit, > nhdu)
-
>5  Return the type of the current HDU in the FITS file.  The possible
>   values for hdutype are IMAGE\_HDU (0), ASCII\_TBL (1), or BINARY\_TBL (2).  
-
        FTGHDT(unit, > hdutype, status)
-
>6  Return the total number of HDUs in the FITS file.
>   The CHDU remains unchanged. 
-
        FTTHDU(unit, > hdunum, status)
-
>7 Create (append) a new empty HDU at the end of the FITS file.  This
    new HDU becomes the Current HDU, but it is completely empty and contains
    no header keywords or data.  It is recommended that FTIIMG, FTITAB or
>   FTIBIN be used instead of this routine. 
-
        FTCRHD(unit, > status)
-

>8  Create a primary array (if none already exists), or insert a 
    new IMAGE extension immediately following the CHDU, or
    insert a new Primary Array at the beginning of the file.  Any
    following extensions in the file will be shifted down to make room
    for the new extension.  If the CHDU is the last HDU in the file
    then the new image extension will simply be appended to the end of
    the file.   One can force a new primary array to be inserted at the
    beginning of the FITS file by setting status = -9 prior
    to calling the routine.  In this case the existing primary array will be
    converted to an IMAGE extension. The new extension (or primary
    array) will become the CHDU.  The FTIIMGLL routine is identical
    to the FTIIMG routine except that the 4th parameter (the length
    of each axis) is an array of 64-bit integers rather than an array
>   of 32-bit integers.
-
        FTIIMG(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes, > status) 
        FTIIMGLL(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxesll, > status) 
-
>9  Insert a new ASCII TABLE extension immediately following the CHDU.
    Any following extensions will be shifted down to make room for
    the new extension.  If there are no other following extensions
    then the new table extension will simply be appended to the
    end of the file.  The new extension will become the CHDU. The FTITABLL
    routine is identical
    to the FTITAB routine except that the 2nd and 3rd parameters (that give
    the size of the table) are 64-bit integers rather than 
>   32-bit integers.
-
        FTITAB(unit,rowlen,nrows,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,extname, >
               status)
        FTITABLL(unit,rowlenll,nrowsll,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,extname, >
               status)
-

>10  Insert a new binary table extension immediately following the CHDU.
    Any following extensions will be shifted down to make room for
    the new extension.  If there are no other following extensions
    then the new bintable extension will simply be appended to the
    end of the file.  The new extension will become the CHDU. The FTIBINLL
    routine is identical
    to the FTIBIN routine except that the 2nd parameter (that gives
    the length of the table) is a 64-bit integer rather than 
>   a 32-bit integer.
-
        FTIBIN(unit,nrows,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat > status)
        FTIBINLL(unit,nrowsll,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat > status)

-

>11  Resize an image by modifing the size, dimensions, and/or datatype of the 
    current primary array or image extension. If the new image, as specified
    by the input arguments, is larger than the current existing image
    in the FITS file then zero fill data will be inserted at the end
    of the current image and any following extensions will be moved 
    further back in the file.  Similarly, if the new image is
    smaller than the current image then any following extensions
    will be shifted up towards the beginning of the FITS file
    and the image data will be truncated to the new size.
    This routine rewrites the BITPIX, NAXIS, and NAXISn keywords
    with the appropriate values for new image. The FTRSIMLL routine is identical
    to the FTRSIM routine except that the 4th parameter (the length
    of each axis) is an array of 64-bit integers rather than an array
>   of 32-bit integers.
-
        FTRSIM(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes,status)
        FTRSIMLL(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxesll,status)
-
>12 Delete the CHDU in the FITS file.  Any following HDUs will be shifted
    forward in the file, to fill in the gap created by the deleted
    HDU.  In the case of deleting the primary array (the first HDU in
    the file) then the current primary array will be replace by a null
    primary array containing the minimum set of required keywords and
    no data.  If there are more extensions in the file following the
    one that is deleted, then the the CHDU will be redefined to point
    to the following extension.  If there are no following extensions
    then the CHDU will be redefined to point to the previous HDU.  The
    output HDUTYPE parameter indicates the type of the new CHDU after
>   the previous CHDU has been deleted.
-
        FTDHDU(unit, > hdutype,status)
-
>13  Copy all or part of the input FITS file and append it
    to the end of the output FITS file.  If 'previous' (an integer parameter) is
    not equal to 0, then any HDUs preceding the current HDU in the input file
    will be copied to the output file.  Similarly, 'current' and 'following'
    determine whether the current HDU, and/or any following HDUs in the input
    file will be copied to the output file. If all 3 parameters are not equal
    to zero, then the entire input file will be copied.  On return, the current
    HDU in the input file will be unchanged, and the last copied HDU will be the 
>   current HDU in the output file.     
-
        FTCPFL(iunit, ounit, previous, current, following, > status)
-
>14 Copy the entire CHDU from the FITS file associated with IUNIT to the CHDU 
    of the FITS file associated with OUNIT. The output HDU must be empty and
    not already contain any keywords.  Space will be reserved for MOREKEYS
    additional  keywords in the output header if there is not already enough 
>   space. 
-
        FTCOPY(iunit,ounit,morekeys, > status)
-
>15 Copy the header (and not the data) from the CHDU associated with inunit
    to the CHDU associated with outunit.  If the current output HDU
    is not completely empty, then the CHDU will be closed and a new
    HDU will be appended to the output file.  This routine will automatically
    transform the necessary keywords when copying a primary array to
    and image extension, or an image extension to a primary array. 
>   An empty output data unit will be created (all values = 0). 
-
        FTCPHD(inunit, outunit, > status)
-
>16 Copy just the data from the CHDU associated with IUNIT 
    to the CHDU associated with OUNIT. This will overwrite 
    any data previously in the OUNIT CHDU.  This low level routine is used
    by FTCOPY, but it may also be useful in certain application programs
    which want to copy the data from one FITS file to another but also
    want to modify the header keywords in the process. all the required 
    header keywords must be written to the OUNIT CHDU before calling
>   this routine 
-
        FTCPDT(iunit,ounit, > status)
-

**C.  Define or Redefine the structure of the CHDU \label{FTRDEF}

It should rarely be necessary to call the subroutines in this section.
FITSIO internally calls these routines whenever necessary, so any calls
to these routines by application programs will likely be redundant.

>1  This routine forces FITSIO to scan the current header keywords that
    define the structure of the HDU (such as the NAXISn, PCOUNT and GCOUNT
    keywords) so that it can initialize the internal buffers that describe
    the HDU structure.  This routine may be used instead of the more
    complicated calls to ftpdef, ftadef or ftbdef.  This routine is
    also very useful for reinitializing the structure of an HDU, 
    if the number of rows in a table, as specified by the NAXIS2 keyword,
>   has been modified from its initial value.
-
        FTRDEF(unit, > status)   (DEPRECATED)
-
>2 Define the structure of the primary array or IMAGE extension.  When
   writing GROUPed FITS files that by convention set the NAXIS1 keyword
   equal to 0, ftpdef must be called with naxes(1) = 1, NOT 0, otherwise
   FITSIO will report an error status=308 when trying to write data
   to a group. Note: it is usually simpler to call FTRDEF rather
>  than this routine.
-
        FTPDEF(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes,pcount,gcount, > status)  (DEPRECATED)
-
>3  Define the structure of an ASCII table (TABLE) extension. Note: it 
>   is usually simpler to call FTRDEF rather than this routine.
-
        FTADEF(unit,rowlen,tfields,tbcol,tform,nrows > status) (DEPRECATED)
-
>4  Define the structure of a binary table (BINTABLE) extension. Note: it 
>   is usually simpler to call FTRDEF rather than this routine.
-
        FTBDEF(unit,tfields,tform,varidat,nrows > status) (DEPRECATED)
-
>5  Define the size of the Current Data Unit, overriding the length
    of the data unit as previously defined by ftpdef, ftadef, or ftbdef.
    This is useful if one does not know the total size of the data unit until
    after the data have been written.  The size (in bytes) of an ASCII or 
    Binary table is given by NAXIS1 * NAXIS2.  (Note that to determine the
    value of NAXIS1 it is often more convenient to read the value of the
    NAXIS1 keyword from the output file, rather than computing the row 
    length directly from all the TFORM keyword values).  Note: it 
>   is usually simpler to call FTRDEF rather than this routine.
-
        FTDDEF(unit,bytlen, > status) (DEPRECATED)
-
>6  Define the zero indexed byte offset of the 'heap' measured from
    the start of the binary table data.  By default the heap is assumed
    to start immediately following the regular table data, i.e., at
    location NAXIS1 x NAXIS2.  This routine is only relevant for 
    binary tables which contain variable length array columns (with
    TFORMn = 'Pt').  This subroutine also automatically writes
    the value of theap to a keyword in the extension header.  This 
    subroutine must be called after the required keywords have been
    written (with ftphbn) and after the table structure has been defined
>   (with ftbdef) but before any data is written to the table.
-
        FTPTHP(unit,theap, > status)
-

**D.  FITS Header I/O Subroutines

***1.  Header Space and Position Routines \label{FTHDEF}

>1  Reserve space in the CHU for MOREKEYS more header keywords.  
    This subroutine may be called to reserve space for keywords which are
    to be written at a later time, after the data unit or subsequent
    extensions have been written to the FITS file.  If this subroutine is
    not explicitly called, then the initial size of the FITS header will be
    limited to the space available at the time that  the first data is written
    to the associated data unit.   FITSIO has the ability to dynamically
    add more space to the header if needed, however it is more efficient
>   to preallocate the required space if the size is known in advance.
-
        FTHDEF(unit,morekeys, > status)
-
>2  Return the number of existing keywords in the CHU (NOT including the
    END keyword which is not considered a real keyword) and the remaining
    space available to write additional keywords in the CHU.  (returns
    KEYSADD = -1 if the header has not yet been closed).
    Note that FITSIO will attempt to dynamically add space for more 
>   keywords if required when appending new keywords to a header.
-
        FTGHSP(iunit, > keysexist,keysadd,status)
-
>3  Return the number of keywords in the header and the current position 
    in the header.  This returns the number of the keyword record that 
    will be read next (or one greater than the position of the last keyword 
    that was read or written). A value of 1 is returned if the pointer is
>   positioned at the beginning of the header.  
-
        FTGHPS(iunit, > keysexist,key_no,status)
-
***2.  Read or Write Standard Header Routines \label{FTPHPR}

These subroutines provide a simple method of reading or writing most of
the keyword values that are normally required in a FITS files.  These
subroutines are provided for convenience only and are not required to
be used.  If preferred, users may call the lower-level subroutines
described in the previous section to individually read or write the
required keywords.  Note that in most cases, the required keywords such
as NAXIS, TFIELD, TTYPEn, etc, which define the structure of the HDU
must be written to the header before any data can be written to the
image or table.

>1  Put the primary header or IMAGE extension keywords into the CHU.
There are 2 available routines: The simpler FTPHPS routine is
equivalent to calling ftphpr with the default values of SIMPLE = true,
pcount = 0, gcount = 1, and EXTEND = true.  PCOUNT, GCOUNT and EXTEND
keywords are not required in the primary header and are only written if
pcount is not equal to zero, gcount is not equal to zero or one, and if
extend is TRUE, respectively.  When writing to an IMAGE extension, the
>SIMPLE and EXTEND parameters are ignored.
-
        FTPHPS(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes, > status)

        FTPHPR(unit,simple,bitpix,naxis,naxes,pcount,gcount,extend, > status)
-
>2  Get primary header or IMAGE extension keywords from the CHU.  When
    reading from an IMAGE extension the SIMPLE and EXTEND parameters are
>   ignored.
-
        FTGHPR(unit,maxdim, > simple,bitpix,naxis,naxes,pcount,gcount,extend,
               status)
-
>3  Put the ASCII table header keywords into the CHU. The optional
TUNITn and EXTNAME keywords are written only if the input string
>values are not blank.
-
        FTPHTB(unit,rowlen,nrows,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,extname, >
               status)
-
>>4  Get the ASCII table header keywords from the CHU
-
        FTGHTB(unit,maxdim, > rowlen,nrows,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,
               extname,status)
-
>5 Put the binary table header keywords into the CHU. The optional
   TUNITn and EXTNAME keywords are written only if the input string
   values are not blank.  The pcount parameter, which specifies the
   size of the variable length array heap, should initially = 0;
   FITSIO will automatically update the PCOUNT keyword value if any
   variable length array data is written to the heap.  The TFORM keyword
   value for variable length vector columns should have the form 'Pt(len)'
   or '1Pt(len)' where `t' is the data type code letter (A,I,J,E,D, etc.)
   and  `len' is an integer specifying the maximum length of the vectors
   in that column (len must be greater than or equal to the longest
   vector in the column).  If `len' is not specified when the table is
   created (e.g., the input TFORMn value is just '1Pt') then FITSIO will
   scan the column when the table is first closed and will append the
   maximum length to the TFORM keyword value.  Note that if the table
   is subsequently modified to increase the maximum length of the vectors
   then the modifying program is responsible for also updating the TFORM 
>  keyword value.

-
        FTPHBN(unit,nrows,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat, > status)
-
>>6 Get the binary table header keywords from the CHU
-
        FTGHBN(unit,maxdim, > nrows,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat,
               status)
-
***3.  Write Keyword Subroutines \label{FTPREC}

>>1 Put (append) an 80-character record into the CHU. 
-
        FTPREC(unit,card, > status)
-
>2  Put (append) a COMMENT keyword into the CHU.  Multiple COMMENT keywords
>   will be written if the input comment string is longer than 72 characters. 
-
        FTPCOM(unit,comment, > status)
-
>3 Put (append) a HISTORY keyword into the CHU.  Multiple HISTORY keywords
>   will be written if the input history string is longer than 72 characters.
-
        FTPHIS(unit,history, > status)
-
>4  Put (append) the DATE keyword into the CHU.  The keyword value will contain
    the current system date as a character string in 'dd/mm/yy' format. If
    a DATE keyword already exists in the header, then this subroutine will
>   simply update the keyword value in-place with the current date.
-
        FTPDAT(unit, > status)
-
>5  Put (append) a new keyword of the appropriate datatype into the CHU. 
    Note that FTPKYS will only write string values up to 68 characters in 
    length; longer strings will be truncated.  The FTPKLS routine can be 
    used to write longer strings, using a non-standard FITS convention.
     The E and D versions of this routine have the added feature that
     if the 'decimals' parameter is negative, then the 'G' display
     format rather then the 'E' format will be used when constructing
     the keyword value, taking the absolute value of 'decimals' for the
     precision.  This will suppress trailing zeros, and will use a
     fixed format rather than an exponential format,
>    depending on the magnitude of the value.
-
        FTPKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTPKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)  
-
>6  Put (append) a string valued keyword into the CHU which may be longer 
    than 68 characters in length.  This uses the Long String Keyword
    convention that is described in the "Usage Guidelines and Suggestions"
    section of this document.  Since this uses a non-standard FITS 
    convention to encode the long keyword string, programs which use
    this routine should also call the FTPLSW routine to add some COMMENT
    keywords to warn users of the FITS file that this convention is
    being used.  FTPLSW also writes a keyword called LONGSTRN to record
    the version of the longstring convention that has been used, in case
    a new convention is adopted at some point in the future.   If the
    LONGSTRN keyword is already present in the header, then FTPLSW will
>   simply return and will not write duplicate keywords.
-
        FTPKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTPLSW(unit, > status)
-
>7  Put (append) a new keyword with an undefined, or null, value into the CHU.
>   The value string of the keyword is left blank in this case.
-
        FTPKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
-
>8  Put (append) a numbered sequence of keywords into the CHU.   One may
    append the same comment to every keyword (and eliminate the need
    to have an array of identical comment strings, one for each keyword) by
    including the ampersand character as the last non-blank character in the
    (first) COMMENTS string parameter.  This same string 
    will then be used for the comment field in all the keywords. (Note
    that the SPP version of these routines only supports a single comment
>   string).
-
        FTPKN[JKLS](unit,keyroot,startno,no_keys,keyvals,comments, > status)
        FTPKN[EDFG](unit,keyroot,startno,no_keys,keyvals,decimals,comments, > 
                   status)
-
>9 Copy an indexed keyword from one HDU to another, modifying
    the index number of the keyword name in the process.  For example,
    this routine could read the TLMIN3 keyword from the input HDU
    (by giving keyroot = "TLMIN" and innum = 3) and write it to the
    output HDU with the keyword name TLMIN4 (by setting outnum = 4).
    If the input keyword does not exist, then this routine simply
>   returns without indicating an error. 
-
        FTCPKY(inunit, outunit, innum, outnum, keyroot, > status)
-
>10 Put (append) a 'triple precision' keyword into the CHU in F28.16 format.
    The floating point keyword value is constructed by concatenating the 
    input integer value with the input double precision fraction value
    (which must have a value between 0.0 and 1.0). The FTGKYT routine should 
    be used to read this keyword value, because the other keyword reading
>   subroutines will not preserve the full precision of the value.
-
        FTPKYT(unit,keyword,intval,dblval,comment, > status)
-
>11 Write keywords to the CHDU that are defined in an ASCII template file.
   The format of the template file is described under the ftgthd
>  routine below. 
-
        FTPKTP(unit, filename, > status)
-
>12 Append the physical units string to an existing keyword.  This
    routine uses a local convention, shown in the following example,
    in which the keyword units are enclosed in square brackets in the
>   beginning of the keyword comment field.
   
-
     VELOCITY=                 12.3 / [km/s] orbital speed

        FTPUNT(unit,keyword,units, > status)
-
***4.  Insert Keyword Subroutines \label{FTIREC}

>1  Insert a new keyword record into the CHU at the specified position
    (i.e., immediately preceding the (keyno)th keyword in the header.)
    This 'insert record' subroutine is somewhat less efficient
    then the 'append record' subroutine (FTPREC) described above because
>   the remaining keywords in the header have to be shifted down one slot.
-
        FTIREC(unit,key_no,card, > status)
-
>2  Insert a new keyword into the CHU.  The new keyword is inserted
    immediately following the last keyword that has been read from the header.
    The FTIKLS subroutine works the same as the FTIKYS subroutine, except
    it also supports long string values greater than 68 characters in length.
    These 'insert keyword' subroutines are somewhat less efficient then 
    the 'append keyword' subroutines described above because the remaining
>   keywords in the header have to be shifted down one slot.
-
        FTIKEY(unit, card, > status)
        FTIKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTIKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTIKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)  
-
>3  Insert a new keyword with an undefined, or null, value into the CHU.
>   The value string of the keyword is left blank in this case.
-
        FTIKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
-
***5.  Read Keyword Subroutines \label{FTGREC}

These routines return the value of the specified keyword(s).  Wild card
characters (*, ?, or \#) may be used when specifying the name of the keyword 
to be read: a '?' will match any single character at that position in the
keyword name and a '*' will match any length (including zero) string of
characters.  The '\#' character will match any consecutive string of
decimal digits (0 - 9). Note that when a wild card is used in the input 
keyword name, the routine will only search for a match from the current 
header position to the end of the header.  It will not resume the search 
from the top of the header back to the original header position as is done
when no wildcards are included in the keyword name.  If the desired
keyword string is 8-characters long (the maximum length of a keyword
name) then a '*' may be appended as the ninth character of the input
name to force the keyword search to stop at the end of the header
(e.g., 'COMMENT *' will search for the next COMMENT keyword).  The
ffgrec routine may be used to set the starting position when doing
wild card searches.

>1 Get the nth 80-character header record from the CHU.  The first keyword
   in the header is at key\_no = 1;  if key\_no = 0 then this subroutine
   simple moves the internal pointer to the beginning of the header
   so that subsequent keyword operations will start at the top of 
>  the header; it also returns a blank card value in this case.
-
        FTGREC(unit,key_no, > card,status)
-
>2  Get the name, value (as a string), and comment of the nth keyword in CHU.
    This routine also checks that the returned keyword name (KEYWORD) contains
    only legal ASCII characters.  Call FTGREC and FTPSVC to bypass this error
>   check.
-
        FTGKYN(unit,key_no, > keyword,value,comment,status)
-
>>3  Get the 80-character header record for the named keyword
-
        FTGCRD(unit,keyword, > card,status)
-
>4  Get the next keyword whose name matches one of the strings in
    'inclist' but does not match any of the strings in 'exclist'.
    The strings in inclist and exclist may contain wild card characters
    (*, ?, and \#) as described at the beginning of this section.
    This routine searches from the current header position to the
    end of the header, only, and does not continue the search from
    the top of the header back to the original position.  The current
    header position may be reset with the ftgrec routine.  Note
    that nexc may be set = 0 if there are no keywords to be excluded.
    This routine returns status = 202 if a matching
>   keyword is not found.
-
        FTGNXK(unit,inclist,ninc,exclist,nexc, > card,status)
-
>5   Get the literal keyword value as a character string.  Regardless
     of the datatype of the keyword, this routine simply returns the
     string of characters in the value field of the keyword along with
>    the comment field.
-
        FTGKEY(unit,keyword, > value,comment,status) 
-
>6  Get a keyword value (with the appropriate datatype) and comment from 
>   the CHU 
-
        FTGKY[EDJKLS](unit,keyword, > keyval,comment,status)
-
>7  Read a string-valued keyword and return the string length, the value string, 
    and/or the comment field. The first routine, FTGKSL, simply
    returns the length of the character string value of the specified keyword.
    The second routine, FTGSKY, also returns up to maxchar characters 
    of the keyword value string, starting with the firstchar character, 
    and the keyword comment string.
    The length argument returns the total length of the keyword value string
    regardless of how much of the string is actually returned (which 
    depends on the value of the firstchar and maxchar arguments).  These 
    routines support string keywords that use the CONTINUE convention to
    continue long string values over multiple FITS header records.  Normally,
    string-valued keywords have a maximum length of 68 characters, however,
>   CONTINUE'd string keywords may be arbitrarily long. 
-
       FTGKSL(unit,keyword, > length,status)
       FTGSKY(unit,keyword,firstchar,maxchar,> keyval,length,comment,status)
-
>8  Get a sequence of numbered keyword values.  These
>   routines do not support wild card characters in the root name.
-
        FTGKN[EDJKLS](unit,keyroot,startno,max_keys, > keyvals,nfound,status)
-
>9  Get the value of a floating point keyword, returning the integer and
    fractional parts of the value in separate subroutine arguments.
    This subroutine may be used to read any keyword but is especially
>   useful for reading the 'triple precision' keywords written by FTPKYT.
-
        FTGKYT(unit,keyword, > intval,dblval,comment,status)
-
>10  Get the physical units string in an existing keyword.  This
    routine uses a local convention, shown in the following example,
    in which the keyword units are
    enclosed in square brackets in the beginning of the keyword comment
    field.  A blank string is returned if no units are defined
>    for the keyword. 
-
    VELOCITY=                 12.3 / [km/s] orbital speed

        FTGUNT(unit,keyword, > units,status)
-
***6.  Modify Keyword Subroutines \label{FTMREC}

Wild card characters, as described in the Read Keyword section, above,
may be used when specifying the name of the keyword to be modified.

>>1  Modify (overwrite) the nth 80-character header record in the CHU
-
        FTMREC(unit,key_no,card, > status)
-
>2  Modify (overwrite) the 80-character header record for the named keyword
    in the CHU.  This can be used to overwrite the name of the keyword as
>   well as its value and comment fields.
-
        FTMCRD(unit,keyword,card, > status)
-
>3  Modify (overwrite) the name of an existing keyword in the CHU 
>   preserving the current value and comment fields.
-
        FTMNAM(unit,oldkey,keyword, > status)
-
>>4  Modify (overwrite) the comment field of an existing keyword in the CHU
-
        FTMCOM(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
-
>5  Modify the value and comment fields of an existing keyword in the CHU.
    The FTMKLS subroutine works the same as the FTMKYS subroutine, except
    it also supports long string values greater than 68 characters in length.
    Optionally, one may modify only the value field and leave the comment
    field unchanged by setting the input COMMENT parameter equal to
    the ampersand character (\&).
     The E and D versions of this routine have the added feature that
     if the 'decimals' parameter is negative, then the 'G' display
     format rather then the 'E' format will be used when constructing
     the keyword value, taking the absolute value of 'decimals' for the
     precision.  This will suppress trailing zeros, and will use a
     fixed format rather than an exponential format,
>    depending on the magnitude of the value.
-
        FTMKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTMKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTMKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)
-
>6  Modify the value of an existing keyword to be undefined, or null.
    The value string of the keyword is set to blank.
    Optionally, one may leave the comment field unchanged by setting the 
>   input COMMENT parameter equal to the ampersand character (\&).
-
        FTMKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
-
***7.  Update Keyword Subroutines \label{FTUCRD}

>1  Update an 80-character record in the CHU.  If the specified keyword
    already exists then that header record will be replaced with 
    the input CARD string.  If it does not exist then the new record will 
    be added to the header.
    The FTUKLS subroutine works the same as the FTUKYS subroutine, except
>   it also supports long string values greater than 68 characters in length.
-
        FTUCRD(unit,keyword,card, > status)
-
>2  Update the value and comment fields of a keyword in the CHU.
    The specified keyword is modified if it already exists (by calling
    FTMKYx) otherwise a new keyword is created by calling FTPKYx.
     The E and D versions of this routine have the added feature that
     if the 'decimals' parameter is negative, then the 'G' display
     format rather then the 'E' format will be used when constructing
     the keyword value, taking the absolute value of 'decimals' for the
     precision.  This will suppress trailing zeros, and will use a
     fixed format rather than an exponential format,
>    depending on the magnitude of the value.
-
        FTUKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTUKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTUKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)
-
>3  Update the value of an existing keyword to be undefined, or null,
    or insert a new undefined-value keyword if it doesn't already exist.
>   The value string of the keyword is left blank in this case.
-
        FTUKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
-
***8.  Delete Keyword Subroutines \label{FTDREC}

>1  Delete an existing keyword record.  The space previously occupied by  
    the keyword is reclaimed by moving all the following header records up
    one row in the header.  The first routine deletes a keyword at a
    specified position in the header (the first keyword is at position 1),
    whereas the second routine deletes a specifically named keyword.
    Wild card characters, as described in the Read Keyword section, above,
    may be used when specifying the name of the keyword to be deleted
>   (be careful!).
-
        FTDREC(unit,key_no, > status)
        FTDKEY(unit,keyword, > status)
-

**F.  Data Scaling and Undefined Pixel Parameters  \label{FTPSCL}

These subroutines define or modify the internal parameters used by
FITSIO to either scale the data or to represent undefined pixels.
Generally FITSIO will scale the data according to the values of the BSCALE
and BZERO (or TSCALn and TZEROn) keywords, however these subroutines
may be used to override the keyword values.  This may be useful when
one wants to read or write the raw unscaled values in the FITS file.
Similarly, FITSIO generally uses the value of the BLANK or TNULLn
keyword to signify an undefined pixel, but these routines may be used
to override this value.  These subroutines do not create or modify the
corresponding header keyword values.

>1  Reset the scaling factors in the primary array or image extension; does 
    not change the BSCALE and BZERO keyword values and only affects the
    automatic scaling performed when the data elements are written/read
    to/from the FITS file.   When reading from a FITS file the returned
    data value = (the value given in the FITS array) * BSCALE + BZERO.
    The inverse formula is used when writing data values to the FITS
    file.  (NOTE: BSCALE and BZERO must be declared as Double Precision
>   variables).
-
        FTPSCL(unit,bscale,bzero, > status)
-
>2  Reset the scaling parameters for a table column; does not change
    the TSCALn or TZEROn keyword values and only affects the automatic
    scaling performed when the data elements are written/read to/from
    the FITS file.  When reading from a FITS file the returned data
    value = (the value given in the FITS array) * TSCAL + TZERO.  The
    inverse formula is used when writing data values to the FITS file.
    (NOTE: TSCAL and TZERO  must be declared as Double Precision
>   variables).
-
        FTTSCL(unit,colnum,tscal,tzero, > status)
-
>3  Define the integer value to be used to signify undefined pixels in the
    primary array or image extension.  This is only used if BITPIX = 8, 16, 
    32. or 64  This does not create or change the value of the BLANK keyword in 
    the header. FTPNULLL is identical to FTPNUL except that the blank
>   value is a 64-bit integer instead of a 32-bit integer.
-
        FTPNUL(unit,blank, > status)
        FTPNULLL(unit,blankll, > status)
-
>4  Define the string to be used to signify undefined pixels in 
    a column in an ASCII table.  This does not create or change the value
>   of the TNULLn keyword.
-
        FTSNUL(unit,colnum,snull > status)
-
>5  Define the value to be used to signify undefined pixels in 
    an integer column in a binary table (where TFORMn = 'B', 'I', 'J', or 'K').  
    This does not create or  change the value of the TNULLn keyword. 
    FTTNULLL is identical to FTTNUL except that the tnull
>   value is a 64-bit integer instead of a 32-bit integer.
-
        FTTNUL(unit,colnum,tnull > status)
        FTTNULLL(unit,colnum,tnullll > status)
-

**G.  FITS Primary Array or IMAGE Extension I/O Subroutines \label{FTPPR}

    These subroutines put or get data values in the primary data array
(i.e., the first HDU in the FITS file) or an IMAGE extension.  The
data array is represented as a single one-dimensional array of
pixels regardless of the actual dimensionality of the array, and the
FPIXEL parameter gives the position within this 1-D array of the first
pixel to read  or write.  Automatic data type conversion is performed
for numeric data (except for complex data types) if the data type of
the primary array (defined by the BITPIX keyword) differs from the data
type of the array in the calling subroutine.  The data values are also
scaled by the BSCALE and BZERO header values as they are being written
or read from the FITS array.  The ftpscl subroutine MUST be
called to define the scaling parameters when writing data to the FITS
array or to override the default scaling value given in the header when
reading the FITS array.

    Two sets of subroutines are provided to read the data array which
differ in the way undefined pixels are handled.  The first set of
routines (FTGPVx) simply return an array of data elements in which
undefined pixels are set equal to a value specified by the user in the
'nullval' parameter.  An additional feature of these subroutines is
that if the user sets nullval = 0, then no checks for undefined pixels
will be performed, thus increasing the speed of the program.  The
second set of routines (FTGPFx) returns the data element array and, in
addition, a logical array which defines whether the corresponding data
pixel is undefined.  The latter set of subroutines may be more
convenient to use in some circumstances, however, it requires an
additional array of logical values which can be unwieldy when working
with large data arrays.  Also for programmer convenience, sets of
subroutines to directly read or write 2 and 3 dimensional arrays  have
been provided, as well as a set of subroutines to read or write any
contiguous rectangular subset of pixels within the n-dimensional array.

>1  Get the data type of the image (= BITPIX value).  Possible returned 
    values are: 8, 16, 32, 64, -32, or -64 corresponding to unsigned byte,
    signed 2-byte integer, signed 4-byte integer, signed 8-byte integer,
    real, and double.

    The second subroutine is similar to FTGIDT, except that if the image
    pixel values are scaled, with non-default values for the BZERO and
    BSCALE keywords, then this routine will return the 'equivalent'
    data type that is needed to store the scaled values.  For example,
    if BITPIX = 16 and BSCALE = 0.1 then the equivalent data type is
    floating point, and -32 will be returned.  There are 2 special cases:
    if the image contains unsigned 2-byte integer values, with BITPIX =
    16, BSCALE = 1, and BZERO = 32768, then this routine will return
    a non-standard value of 20 for the bitpix value.  Similarly if the
    image contains unsigned 4-byte integers, then bitpix will
>   be returned with a value of 40. 

-
        FTGIDT(unit, > bitpix,status)
        FTGIET(unit, > bitpix,status)
-
>>2  Get the dimension (number of axes = NAXIS) of the image 
-
        FTGIDM(unit, > naxis,status)
-
>3   Get the size of all the dimensions of the image. The FTGISZLL
>    routine returns an array of 64-bit integers instead of 32-bit integers.
-
        FTGISZ(unit, maxdim, > naxes,status)
        FTGISZLL(unit, maxdim, > naxesll,status)
-
>4   Get the parameters that define the type and size of the image.  This
     routine simply combines calls to the above 3 routines. The FTGIPRLL
>    routine returns an array of 64-bit integers instead of 32-bit integers.

-
        FTGIPR(unit, maxdim, > bitpix, naxis, naxes, int *status)
        FTGIPRLL(unit, maxdim, > bitpix, naxis, naxesll, int *status)
-
>>5 Put elements into the data array  
-
        FTPPR[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,values, > status)
-
>6 Put elements into the data array, substituting the appropriate FITS null
   value for all elements which are equal to the value of NULLVAL.  For 
   integer FITS arrays, the null value defined by the previous call to FTPNUL
   will be substituted;  for floating point FITS arrays (BITPIX = -32
   or -64) then the special IEEE NaN (Not-a-Number) value will be
>  substituted.
-
        FTPPN[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,values,nullval > status)
-
>>7 Set data array elements as undefined 
-
        FTPPRU(unit,group,fpixel,nelements, > status)
-
>8  Get elements from the data array.  Undefined array elements will be 
    returned with a value = nullval, unless nullval = 0 in which case no 
>   checks for undefined pixels will be performed.
-
        FTGPV[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,nullval, > values,anyf,status)
-
>9  Get elements and nullflags from data array. 
    Any undefined array elements will have the corresponding flagvals element 
>   set equal to .TRUE.
-
        FTGPF[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements, > values,flagvals,anyf,status)
-
>>10  Put values into group parameters
-
        FTPGP[BIJKED](unit,group,fparm,nparm,values, > status)
-
>>11  Get values from group parameters
-
        FTGGP[BIJKED](unit,group,fparm,nparm, > values,status)
-
The following 4 subroutines transfer FITS images with 2 or 3 dimensions
to or from a data array which has been declared in the calling program.  
The dimensionality of the FITS image is passed by the naxis1, naxis2,
and naxis3 parameters and the declared dimensions of the program array
are passed in the dim1 and dim2 parameters.  Note that the program array
does not have to have the same dimensions as the FITS array, but must
be at least as big.  For example if a FITS image with NAXIS1 = NAXIS2 = 400
is read into a program array which is dimensioned as 512 x 512 pixels,
then the image will just fill the lower left corner of the array
with pixels in the range 1 - 400 in the X an Y directions.  This has
the effect of taking a contiguous set of pixel value in the FITS array
and writing them to a non-contiguous array in program memory
(i.e., there are now some blank pixels around the edge of the image
in the program array).

>>11  Put 2-D image into the data array
-
        FTP2D[BIJKED](unit,group,dim1,naxis1,naxis2,image, > status)
-
>>12  Put 3-D cube into the data array 
-
        FTP3D[BIJKED](unit,group,dim1,dim2,naxis1,naxis2,naxis3,cube, > status)
-
>13  Get 2-D image from the data array.  Undefined
     pixels in the array will be set equal to the value of 'nullval',
     unless nullval=0 in which case no testing for undefined pixels will
>    be performed.
-
        FTG2D[BIJKED](unit,group,nullval,dim1,naxis1,naxis2, > image,anyf,status)
-
>14 Get 3-D cube from the data array.   Undefined
    pixels in the array will be set equal to the value of 'nullval',
    unless nullval=0 in which case no testing for undefined pixels will
>   be performed.
-
        FTG3D[BIJKED](unit,group,nullval,dim1,dim2,naxis1,naxis2,naxis3, >
                     cube,anyf,status)
-

The following subroutines transfer a rectangular subset of the pixels
in a FITS N-dimensional image to or from an array which has been
declared in the calling program.  The fpixels and lpixels parameters
are integer arrays which specify the starting and ending pixels in each
dimension of the FITS image that are to be read or written.  (Note that
these are the starting and ending pixels in the FITS image, not in the
declared array). The array parameter is treated simply as a large
one-dimensional array of the appropriate datatype containing the pixel
values; The pixel values in the FITS array are read/written  from/to
this program array in strict sequence without any gaps;  it is up to
the calling routine to correctly interpret the dimensionality of this
array.  The two families of FITS reading routines (FTGSVx and FTGSFx
subroutines) also have an 'incs' parameter which defines the
data sampling interval in each dimension of the FITS array.  For
example, if incs(1)=2 and incs(2)=3 when reading a 2-dimensional
FITS image, then only every other pixel in the first dimension
and every 3rd pixel in the second dimension will be returned in
the 'array' parameter. [Note: the FTGSSx family of routines which
were present in previous versions of FITSIO have been superseded
by the more general FTGSVx family of routines.]

>>15   Put an arbitrary data subsection into the data array.
-
        FTPSS[BIJKED](unit,group,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,array, > status)
-
>16    Get an arbitrary data subsection from the data array.  Undefined
       pixels in the array will be set equal to the value of 'nullval',
       unless nullval=0 in which case no testing for undefined pixels will
>      be performed.
-
        FTGSV[BIJKED](unit,group,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs,nullval, >
                     array,anyf,status)
-
>17    Get an arbitrary data subsection from the data array.  Any Undefined
       pixels in the array will have the corresponding 'flagvals'
>      element set equal to .TRUE.
-
        FTGSF[BIJKED](unit,group,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs, >
                     array,flagvals,anyf,status)
-

**H.  FITS ASCII and Binary Table Data I/O Subroutines 

***1.  Column Information Subroutines \label{FTGCNO}

>1   Get the number of rows or columns in the current FITS table.
     The number of rows is given by the NAXIS2 keyword and the
     number of columns is given by the TFIELDS keyword in the header
     of the table.  The FTGNRWLL routine is identical to FTGNRW except
     that the number of rows is returned as a 64-bit integer rather
>    than a 32-bit integer.
-
        FTGNRW(unit, > nrows, status)
        FTGNRWLL(unit, > nrowsll, status)
        FTGNCL(unit, > ncols, status)
-
>2  Get the table column number (and name) of the column whose name
matches an input template name.  The table column names are defined by
the TTYPEn keywords in the FITS header.  If a column does not have a
TTYPEn keyword, then these routines assume that the name consists of
all blank characters.  These 2 subroutines perform the same function
except that FTGCNO only returns the number of the matching column whereas
FTGCNN also returns the name of the column.  If CASESEN = .true. then
the column name match will be case-sensitive.

The input column name template (COLTEMPLATE) is (1) either the exact
name of the column to be searched for, or (2) it may contain wild cards
characters (*, ?, or \#), or (3) it may contain the number of the desired
column (where the number is expressed as ASCII digits).  The first 2 wild 
cards behave similarly to UNIX filename matching:  the '*' character matches 
any sequence of characters (including zero characters) and the '?'
character matches any single character.  The \# wildcard will match
any consecutive string of decimal digits (0-9).  As an example, the template
strings 'AB?DE', 'AB*E', and 'AB*CDE' will all match the string
'ABCDE'.  If more than one column name in the table matches the
template string, then the first match is returned and the status value
will be set to 237 as a warning that a unique match was not found.  To
find the other cases that match the template, simply call the
subroutine again leaving the input status value equal to  237 and the
next matching name will then be returned.  Repeat this process until a
status = 219 (column name not found) is returned.  If these subroutines
fail to match the template to any of the columns in the table, they
lastly check if the template can be interpreted as a simple positive
integer (e.g., '7', or '512') and if so, they return that column
number.  If no matches are found then a status = 219 error is
returned.

Note that the FITS Standard recommends that only letters, digits, and
the underscore character be used in column names (with no embedded
>spaces in the name).  Trailing blank characters are not significant.
- 
        FTGCNO(unit,casesen,coltemplate, > colnum,status)
        FTGCNN(unit,casesen,coltemplate, > colname,colnum,status)
-
>3  Get the datatype of a column in an ASCII or binary table.  This 
    routine returns an integer code value corresponding to the datatype
    of the column. (See the FTBNFM and FTASFM subroutines in the Utilities
    section of this document for a list of the code values).  The vector
    repeat count (which is alway 1 for ASCII table columns) is also returned.
    If the specified column has an ASCII character datatype (code = 16) then
    the width of a unit string in the column is also returned.  Note that
    this routine supports the local convention for specifying arrays of
    strings within a binary table character column, using the syntax 
    TFORM = 'rAw' where 'r' is the total number of characters (= the width 
    of the column) and 'w' is the width of a unit string within the column.  
    Thus if the column has TFORM = '60A12' then this routine will return 
    datacode = 16, repeat = 60, and width = 12.  (The TDIMn
    keyword may also be used to specify the unit string length; The pair
    of keywords TFORMn = '60A' and TDIMn = '(12,5)'  would have the
    same effect as TFORMn = '60A12').

   The second routine, FTEQTY is similar except that in
   the case of scaled integer columns it returns the 'equivalent' data
   type that is needed to store the scaled values, and not necessarily
   the physical data type of the unscaled values as stored in the FITS
   table.  For example if a '1I' column in a binary table has TSCALn =
   1 and TZEROn = 32768, then this column effectively contains unsigned
   short integer values, and thus the returned value of typecode will
   be the code for an unsigned short integer, not a signed short integer.
   Similarly, if a column has TTYPEn = '1I'
   and TSCALn = 0.12, then the returned typecode
>  will be the code for a 'real' column.
-
        FTGTCL(unit,colnum, > datacode,repeat,width,status)
        FTEQTY(unit,colnum, > datacode,repeat,width,status)
-
>4  Return the display width of a column.  This is the length
    of the string that will be returned  
    when reading the column as a formatted string.  The display width is
    determined by the TDISPn keyword, if present, otherwise by the data
>   type of the column.
-
        FTGCDW(unit, colnum, > dispwidth, status)
-
>5  Get information about an existing ASCII table column.  (NOTE: TSCAL and
    TZERO must be declared as Double Precision variables).  All the
>   returned parameters are scalar quantities.
-
        FTGACL(unit,colnum, >
               ttype,tbcol,tunit,tform,tscal,tzero,snull,tdisp,status)
-
>6  Get information about an existing binary table column. (NOTE: TSCAL and
    TZERO must be declared as Double Precision variables). DATATYPE is a 
    character string which returns the datatype of the column as defined
    by the TFORMn keyword (e.g., 'I', 'J','E', 'D', etc.).  In the case
    of an ASCII character column, DATATYPE will have a value of the 
    form 'An' where 'n' is an integer expressing the width of the field
    in characters.  For example, if TFORM = '160A8' then FTGBCL will return
    DATATYPE='A8' and REPEAT=20.   All the returned parameters are scalar
>   quantities.
-
        FTGBCL(unit,colnum, >
               ttype,tunit,datatype,repeat,tscal,tzero,tnull,tdisp,status)
-
>7  Put (append) a TDIMn keyword whose value has the form '(l,m,n...)'
    where l, m, n... are the dimensions of a multidimensional array
>   column in a binary table.
-
        FTPTDM(unit,colnum,naxis,naxes, > status)
-
>8  Return the number of and size of the dimensions of a table column.
    Normally this information is given by the TDIMn keyword, but if 
    this keyword is not present then this routine returns NAXIS = 1
>   and NAXES(1) equal to the repeat count in the TFORM keyword.
-
        FTGTDM(unit,colnum,maxdim, > naxis,naxes,status)
-
>9  Decode the input TDIMn keyword string (e.g. '(100,200)') and return the
    number of and size of the dimensions of a binary table column. If the input
    tdimstr character string is null, then this routine returns naxis = 1
    and naxes[0] equal to the repeat count in the TFORM keyword. This routine
>   is called by FTGTDM.
-
        FTDTDM(unit,tdimstr,colnum,maxdim, > naxis,naxes, status)
-
>10  Return the optimal number of rows to read or write at one time for
    maximum I/O efficiency.  Refer to the ``Optimizing Code'' section
>   in Chapter 5 for more discussion on how to use this routine.

-
        FTGRSZ(unit, > nrows,status)
-

***2.  Low-Level Table Access Subroutines \label{FTGTBS}

The following subroutines provide low-level access to the data in ASCII
or binary tables and are mainly useful as an efficient way to copy all
or part of a table from one location to another.  These routines simply
read or write the specified number of consecutive bytes in an ASCII or
binary table, without regard for column boundaries or the row length in
the table.  The first two subroutines read or write consecutive bytes
in a table to or from a character string variable, while the last two
subroutines read or write consecutive bytes to or from a variable
declared as a numeric data type (e.g., INTEGER, INTEGER*2, REAL, DOUBLE
PRECISION).  These routines do not perform any machine dependent data
conversion or byte swapping, except that conversion to/from ASCII
format is performed by the FTGTBS and FTPTBS routines on machines which
do not use ASCII character codes in the internal data representations
(e.g., on IBM mainframe computers).

>1  Read a consecutive string of characters from an ASCII table 
    into a character variable (spanning columns and multiple rows if necessary)
    This routine should not be used with binary tables because of
>   complications related to passing string variables between C and Fortran.
-
        FTGTBS(unit,frow,startchar,nchars, > string,status)
-
>2  Write a consecutive string of characters to an ASCII table 
    from a character variable (spanning columns and multiple rows if necessary)
    This routine should not be used with binary tables because of
>   complications related to passing string variables between C and Fortran.
-
        FTPTBS(unit,frow,startchar,nchars,string, > status)
-
>3  Read a consecutive array of bytes from an ASCII or binary table 
    into a numeric variable (spanning columns and multiple rows if necessary).
    The array parameter may be declared as any numerical datatype as long
    as the array is at least 'nchars' bytes long, e.g., if nchars = 17,
>   then declare the array as INTEGER*4 ARRAY(5).
-
        FTGTBB(unit,frow,startchar,nchars, > array,status)
-
>4  Write a consecutive array of bytes to an ASCII or binary table 
    from a numeric variable (spanning columns and multiple rows if necessary)
    The array parameter may be declared as any numerical datatype as long
    as the array is at least 'nchars' bytes long, e.g., if nchars = 17,
>   then declare the array as INTEGER*4 ARRAY(5).
-
        FTPTBB(unit,frow,startchar,nchars,array, > status)
-

***3.  Edit Rows or Columns \label{FTIROW}

>1  Insert blank rows into an existing ASCII or binary table (in the CDU).
    All the rows FOLLOWING row FROW are shifted down by NROWS rows.  If
    FROW or FROWLL equals 0 then the blank rows are inserted at the beginning of the 
    table.  These routines modify the NAXIS2 keyword to reflect the new 
    number of rows in the table.  Note that it is *not* necessary to insert rows in a table before
    writing data to those rows (indeed, it would be inefficient to do so).
    Instead, one may simply write data to any row of the table, whether that
>   row of data already exists or not.
-
        FTIROW(unit,frow,nrows, > status)
        FTIROWLL(unit,frowll,nrowsll, > status)
-
>2  Delete rows from an existing ASCII or binary table (in the CDU).
    The NROWS (or NROWSLL) is the number of rows are deleted, starting 
    with row FROW (or FROWLL), and
    any remaining rows in the table are shifted up to fill in the space.
    These routines modify the NAXIS2 keyword to reflect the new number
>   of rows in the table. 
-
        FTDROW(unit,frow,nrows, > status)
        FTDROWLL(unit,frowll,nrowsll, > status)
-
>3  Delete a list of rows from an ASCII or binary table (in the CDU).
    In the first routine, 'rowrange' is a character string listing the
    rows or row ranges to delete (e.g., '2-4, 5, 8-9'). In the second
    routine, 'rowlist' is an integer array of row numbers to be deleted
    from the table.  nrows is the number of row numbers in the list.
    The first row in the table is 1 not 0.  The list of row numbers
>   must be sorted in ascending order.
-
        FTDRRG(unit,rowrange, > status)
        FTDRWS(unit,rowlist,nrows, > status)
-
>4  Insert a blank column (or columns) into an existing ASCII or binary 
    table (in the CDU).  COLNUM specifies the column number that the (first)
    new column should occupy in the table.  NCOLS specifies how many 
    columns are to be inserted. Any existing columns from this position and
    higher are moved over to allow room for the new column(s).  
    The index number on all the following keywords will be incremented
    if necessary to reflect the new position of the column(s) in the table:
    TBCOLn, TFORMn, TTYPEn, TUNITn, TNULLn, TSCALn, TZEROn, TDISPn, TDIMn,
    TLMINn, TLMAXn, TDMINn, TDMAXn, TCTYPn, TCRPXn, TCRVLn, TCDLTn, TCROTn,
>   and TCUNIn.
-
        FTICOL(unit,colnum,ttype,tform, > status)
        FTICLS(unit,colnum,ncols,ttype,tform, > status)
-
>5  Modify the vector length of a binary table column (e.g.,
    change a column from TFORMn = '1E' to '20E').  The vector
>   length may be increased or decreased from the current value.
-
        FTMVEC(unit,colnum,newveclen, > status)
-
>6  Delete a column from an existing ASCII or binary table (in the CDU).
    The index number of all the keywords listed above (for FTICOL) will be 
    decremented if necessary to reflect the new position of the column(s) in 
    the table.  Those index keywords that refer to the deleted column will
    also be deleted.  Note that the physical size of the FITS file will
    not be reduced by this operation, and the empty FITS blocks if any
>   at the end of the file will be padded with zeros.
-
        FTDCOL(unit,colnum, > status)
-
>7  Copy a column from one HDU to another (or to the same HDU).  If
    createcol = TRUE, then a new column will be inserted in the output
    table, at position `outcolumn', otherwise the existing output column will
    be overwritten (in which case it must have a compatible datatype).  
>   Note that the first column in a table is at colnum = 1. 
-
        FTCPCL(inunit,outunit,incolnum,outcolnum,createcol, > status);
-
***4.  Read and Write Column Data Routines \label{FTPCLS}

These subroutines put or get data values in the current ASCII or Binary table
extension.  Automatic data type conversion is performed for numerical data
types (B,I,J,E,D) if the data type of the column (defined by the TFORM keyword)
differs from the data type of the calling subroutine.  The data values are also
scaled by the TSCALn and TZEROn header values as they are being written to
or read from the FITS array.  The fttscl subroutine MUST be used to define the
scaling parameters when writing data to the table or to override the default
scaling values given in the header when reading from the table. 
Note that it is *not* necessary to insert rows in a table before
writing data to those rows (indeed, it would be inefficient to do so).
Instead, one may simply write data to any row of the table, whether that
row of data already exists or not.

    In the case of binary tables with vector elements, the 'felem'
parameter defines the starting pixel within the element vector.  This
parameter is ignored with ASCII tables. Similarly, in the case of
binary tables the 'nelements' parameter specifies the total number of
vector values read or written (continuing on subsequent rows if
required) and not the number of table elements.  Two sets of
subroutines are provided to get the column data which differ in the way
undefined pixels are handled.  The first set of routines (FTGCV)
simply return an array of data elements in which undefined pixels are
set equal to a value specified by the user in the 'nullval' parameter.
An additional feature of these subroutines is that if the user sets
nullval = 0, then no checks for undefined pixels will be performed,
thus increasing the speed of the program.  The second set of routines
(FTGCF) returns the data element array and in addition a logical array
of flags which defines whether the corresponding data pixel is undefined.

    Any column, regardless of it's intrinsic datatype, may be read as a
    string.  It should be noted however that reading a numeric column
    as a string is 10 - 100 times slower than reading the same column as
    a number due to the large overhead in constructing the formatted
    strings.    The display format of the returned strings will be
    determined by the TDISPn keyword, if it exists, otherwise by the
    datatype of the column.  The length of the returned strings can be
    determined with the ftgcdw routine.  The following TDISPn display
    formats are currently supported:
-
    Iw.m   Integer
    Ow.m   Octal integer
    Zw.m   Hexadecimal integer
    Fw.d   Fixed floating point
    Ew.d   Exponential floating point
    Dw.d   Exponential floating point
    Gw.d   General; uses Fw.d if significance not lost, else Ew.d
-
  where w is the width in characters of the displayed values, m is the minimum
  number of digits displayed, and d is the number of digits to the right of the 
  decimal.  The .m field is optional.

>1  Put elements into an ASCII or binary table column (in the CDU).
    (The SPP FSPCLS routine has an additional integer argument after 
    the VALUES character string which specifies the size of the 1st 
    dimension of this 2-D CHAR array).

    The alternate version of these routines, whose names end in 'LL'
    after the datatype character, support large tables with more then
    2*31 rows.  When calling these routines, the frow and felem parameters
>   *must* be 64-bit integer*8 variables, instead of normal 4-byte integers. 
-
        FTPCL[SLBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,values, > status)
        FTPCL[LBIJKEDCM]LL(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,values, > status)
-
>2  Put elements into an ASCII or binary table column (in the CDU)
    substituting the appropriate FITS null value for any elements that
    are equal to NULLVAL.   For ASCII TABLE extensions, the
    null value defined by the previous call to FTSNUL will be substituted;
    For integer FITS columns, in a binary table  the null value
    defined by the previous call to FTTNUL will be substituted;
    For floating point FITS columns a special IEEE NaN (Not-a-Number)
    value will be substituted.

    The alternate version of these routines, whose names end in 'LL'
    after the datatype character, support large tables with more then
    2*31 rows.  When calling these routines, the frow and felem parameters
>   *must* be 64-bit integer*8 variables, instead of normal 4-byte integers. 
-
        FTPCN[SBIJKED](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,values,nullval > status)
        FTPCN[SBIJKED]LL(unit,colnum,(I*8) frow,(I*8) felem,nelements,values,
	                nullval > status)
-
>3  Put bit values into a binary byte ('B') or bit ('X') table column (in the
    CDU).  LRAY is an array of logical values corresponding to the sequence of
    bits to be written.  If LRAY is true then the corresponding bit is
    set to 1, otherwise the bit is set to 0.  Note that in the case of
    'X' columns, FITSIO will write to all 8 bits of each byte whether
    they are formally valid or not.  Thus if the column is defined as
    '4X', and one calls FTPCLX with  fbit=1 and nbit=8, then all 8 bits
    will be written into the first byte (as opposed to writing the
    first 4 bits into the first row and then the next 4 bits into the
    next row), even though the last 4 bits of each byte are formally
>   not defined.
-
        FTPCLX(unit,colnum,frow,fbit,nbit,lray, > status)
-
>>4  Set table elements in a column as undefined
-
        FTPCLU(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements, > status)
-
>5  Get elements from an ASCII or binary table column (in the CDU).  These
    routines return the values of the table column array elements.  Undefined
    array elements will be returned with a value = nullval, unless nullval = 0 
    (or = ' ' for ftgcvs) in which case no checking for undefined values will
    be performed. The ANYF parameter is set to true if any of the returned
    elements are undefined. (Note: the ftgcl routine simple gets an array
    of logical data values without any checks for undefined values;  use
    the ftgcfl routine to check for undefined logical elements).
    (The SPP FSGCVS routine has an additional integer argument after 
    the VALUES character string which specifies the size of the 1st 
    dimension of this 2-D CHAR array).

    The alternate version of these routines, whose names end in 'LL'
    after the datatype character, support large tables with more then
    2*31 rows.  When calling these routines, the frow and felem parameters
>   *must* be 64-bit integer*8 variables, instead of normal 4-byte integers. 
-
        FTGCL(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements, > values,status)
        FTGCV[SBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,nullval, > 
                       values,anyf,status)
        FTGCV[BIJKEDCM]LL(unit,colnum,(I*8) frow, (I*8) felem, nelements,
	               nullval, > values,anyf,status)
-
>6  Get elements and null flags from an ASCII or binary table column (in the
    CHDU).  These routines return the values of the table column array elements.
    Any undefined array elements will have the corresponding flagvals element 
    set equal to .TRUE. The ANYF parameter is set to true if any of the 
    returned elements are undefined.
    (The SPP FSGCFS routine has an additional integer argument after 
    the VALUES character string which specifies the size of the 1st 
    dimension of this 2-D CHAR array).

    The alternate version of these routines, whose names end in 'LL'
    after the datatype character, support large tables with more then
    2*31 rows.  When calling these routines, the frow and felem parameters
>   *must* be 64-bit integer*8 variables, instead of normal 4-byte integers. 
-
        FTGCF[SLBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements, > 
                         values,flagvals,anyf,status)
        FTGCF[BIJKED]LL(unit,colnum, (I*8) frow, (I*8) felem,nelements, > 
                         values,flagvals,anyf,status)
-
>7  Get an arbitrary data subsection from an N-dimensional array
    in a binary table vector column.  Undefined pixels 
    in the array will be set equal to the value of 'nullval',
    unless nullval=0 in which case no testing for undefined pixels will
    be performed.  The first and last rows in the table to be read
    are specified by fpixels(naxis+1) and lpixels(naxis+1), and hence
    are treated as the next higher dimension of the FITS N-dimensional
    array.  The INCS parameter specifies the sampling interval in
>   each dimension between the data elements that will be returned.
-
        FTGSV[BIJKED](unit,colnum,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs,nullval, >
                     array,anyf,status)
-
>8  Get an arbitrary data subsection from an N-dimensional array
    in a binary table vector column.  Any Undefined
    pixels in the array will have the corresponding 'flagvals'
    element set equal to .TRUE.   The first and last rows in the table 
    to be read are specified by fpixels(naxis+1) and lpixels(naxis+1), 
    and hence are treated as the next higher dimension of the FITS 
    N-dimensional array.  The INCS parameter specifies the sampling 
    interval in each dimension between the data elements that will be 
>   returned.
-
        FTGSF[BIJKED](unit,colnum,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs, >
                     array,flagvals,anyf,status)
-
>9  Get bit values from a byte ('B') or bit (`X`) table column (in the
    CDU).  LRAY is an array of logical values corresponding to the
    sequence of bits to be read.  If LRAY is true then the
    corresponding bit was set to 1, otherwise the bit was set to 0.
    Note that in the case of 'X' columns, FITSIO will read  all 8 bits
    of each byte whether they are formally valid or not.  Thus if the
    column is defined as '4X', and one calls FTGCX with  fbit=1 and
    nbit=8, then all 8 bits will be read from the first byte (as
    opposed to reading the first 4 bits from the first row and then the
    first 4 bits from the next row), even though the last 4 bits of
>   each byte are formally not defined.
-
        FTGCX(unit,colnum,frow,fbit,nbit, > lray,status)
-
>10 Read any consecutive set of bits from an 'X' or 'B' column and
    interpret them as an unsigned n-bit integer. NBIT must be less than
    or equal to 16 when calling FTGCXI, and less than or equal to 32 when
    calling FTGCXJ; there is no limit on the value of NBIT for FTGCXD, but
    the returned double precision value only has 48 bits of precision on
    most 32-bit word machines.  The NBITS bits are interpreted as an
    unsigned integer unless NBITS = 16 (in FTGCXI) or 32 (in FTGCXJ) in which
    case the string of bits are interpreted as 16-bit or 32-bit 2's 
    complement signed integers.  If NROWS is greater than 1 then the
    same set of bits will be read from sequential rows in the table
    starting with row FROW.  Note that the numbering convention
    used here for the FBIT parameter adopts 1 for the first element of the
>   vector of bits;  this is the Most Significant Bit of the integer value.    
-
        FTGCX[IJD](unit,colnum,frow,nrows,fbit,nbit, > array,status)
-
>11 Get the descriptor for a variable length column in a binary table.
    The descriptor consists of 2 integer parameters: the number of elements
    in the array and the starting offset relative to the start of the heap.
    The first routine returns a single descriptor whereas the second routine
>   returns the descriptors for a range of rows in the table.
-
        FTGDES(unit,colnum,rownum, > nelements,offset,status) 
        FTGDESLL(unit,colnum,rownum, > nelementsll,offsetll,status) 

        FTGDESS(unit,colnum,firstrow,nrows > nelements,offset, status)
        FTGDESSLL(unit,colnum,firstrow,nrows > nelementsll,offsetll, status)
-
>12  Write the descriptor for a variable length column in a binary table. 
    These subroutines can be used in conjunction with FTGDES to enable
    2 or more arrays to point to the same storage location to save
>   storage space if the arrays are identical.
-
        FTPDES(unit,colnum,rownum,nelements,offset, > status) 
        FTPDESLL(unit,colnum,rownum,nelementsll,offsetll, > status) 
-
        
**I.  Row Selection and Calculator Routines \label{FTFROW}

These routines all parse and evaluate an input string containing a user
defined arithmetic expression.  The first 3 routines select rows in a
FITS table, based on whether the expression evaluates to true (not
equal to zero) or false (zero).  The other routines evaluate the
expression and calculate a value for each row of the table.  The
allowed expression syntax is described in the row filter section in the
earlier `Extended File Name Syntax' chapter of this document.  The
expression may also be written to a text file, and the name of the
file, prepended with a '@' character may be supplied for the 'expr'
parameter (e.g.  '@filename.txt'). The  expression  in  the  file can
be arbitrarily complex and extend over multiple lines of the file.
Lines  that begin with 2 slash characters ('//') will  be ignored and
may be used to add comments to the file.

>1  Evaluate a boolean expression over the indicated rows, returning an     
> array of flags indicating which rows evaluated to TRUE/FALSE 
-
         FTFROW(unit,expr,firstrow, nrows, > n_good_rows, row_status, status)
-
>>2  Find the first row which satisfies the input boolean expression 
-
         FTFFRW(unit, expr, > rownum, status)             
-
>3 Evaluate an expression on all rows of a table.  If the input and output  
files are not the same, copy the TRUE rows to the output file;  if the output 
table is not empty, then this routine will append the new
selected rows after the existing rows.  If the   
>files are the same, delete the FALSE rows (preserve the TRUE rows). 
-
         FTSROW(inunit, outunit, expr, > status)
-
>4  Calculate an expression for the indicated rows of a table, returning     
the results, cast as datatype (TSHORT, TDOUBLE, etc), in array.  If      
nulval==NULL, UNDEFs will be zeroed out.  For vector results, the number 
of elements returned may be less than nelements if nelements is not an   
even multiple of the result dimension.  Call FTTEXP to obtain    
>the dimensions of the results.    
-
         FTCROW(unit,datatype,expr,firstrow,nelements,nulval, > 
             array,anynul,status)
-
>5 Evaluate an expression and write the result either to a column (if
the expression is a function of other columns in the table) or to a
keyword (if the expression evaluates to a constant and is not a
function of other columns in the table).  In the former case, the
parName parameter is the name of the column (which may or may not already
exist) into which to write the results, and parInfo contains an
optional TFORM keyword value if a new column is being created.  If a
TFORM value is not specified then a default format will be used,
depending on the expression.  If the expression evaluates to a constant,
then the result will be written to the keyword name given by the
parName parameter, and the parInfo parameter may be used to supply an
optional comment for the keyword.  If the keyword does not already
exist, then the name of the keyword must be preceded with a '\#' character,
>otherwise the result will be written to a column with that name.
        
-
         FTCALC(inunit, expr, outunit, parName, parInfo, > status) 
-
>6  This calculator routine is similar to the previous routine, except
that the expression is only evaluated over the specified 
row ranges.  nranges specifies the number of row ranges, and firstrow
>and lastrow give the starting and ending row number of each range.
-
         FTCALC_RNG(inunit, expr, outunit, parName, parInfo,
            nranges, firstrow, lastrow, > status)
-
>7 Evaluate the given expression and return dimension and type information 
on the result.  The returned dimensions correspond to a single row entry 
of the requested expression, and are equivalent to the result of fits\_read\_tdim().
Note that strings are considered to be one element regardless of string length.
>If maxdim == 0, then naxes is optional.
-
         FTTEXP(unit, expr, maxdim > datatype, nelem, naxis, naxes, status)        
-
 

**J.  Celestial Coordinate System Subroutines \label{FTGICS}

The FITS community has adopted a set of keyword conventions that define
the transformations needed to convert between pixel locations in an
image and the corresponding celestial coordinates on the sky, or more
generally, that define world coordinates that are to be associated with
any pixel location in an n-dimensional FITS array. CFITSIO is distributed
with a couple of self-contained World Coordinate System (WCS) routines,
however, these routines DO NOT support all the latest WCS conventions,
so it is STRONGLY RECOMMENDED that software developers use a more robust
external WCS library.  Several recommended libraries are:
-
  WCSLIB -  supported by Mark Calabretta
  WCSTools - supported by Doug Mink
  AST library - developed by the U.K. Starlink project
-

More information about the WCS keyword conventions and links to all of
these WCS libraries can be found on the FITS Support Office web site at
http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov under the WCS link.

The functions provided in these external WCS libraries will need access to
the  WCS information contained in the FITS file headers.  One convenient
way to pass this information to the external library is to use  FITSIO
to copy the header keywords into one long character string, and then
pass this string to an interface routine in the external library that
will extract the necessary WCS information (e.g., see the astFitsChan
and astPutCards routines in the Starlink AST library).

The following FITSIO routines DO NOT support the more recent WCS conventions
that have been approved as part of the FITS standard.  Consequently,
the following routines ARE NOW DEPRECATED.  It is STRONGLY RECOMMENDED
that software developers not use these routines, and instead use an
external WCS library, as described above.

These routines are included mainly for backward compatibility with
existing software.  They support the following standard map 
projections: -SIN, -TAN, -ARC, -NCP, -GLS, -MER, and -AIT (these are the
legal values for the coordtype parameter).  These routines are based
on similar functions in Classic AIPS.  All the angular quantities are
given in units of degrees.

>1  Get the values of all the standard FITS celestial coordinate system
    keywords from the header of a FITS image (i.e., the primary array or
    an image extension).  These values may then be passed to the subroutines
    that perform the coordinate transformations.  If any or all of the WCS 
    keywords are not present, then default values will be returned. If
    the first coordinate axis is the declination-like coordinate, then
    this routine will swap them so that the longitudinal-like coordinate
    is returned as the first axis.

    If the file uses the newer 'CDj\_i' WCS transformation matrix
    keywords instead of old style 'CDELTn' and 'CROTA2' keywords, then
    this routine will calculate and return the values of the equivalent
    old-style keywords.    Note that the conversion from the new-style
    keywords to the old-style values is sometimes only an
    approximation, so if the approximation is larger than an internally
    defined threshold level, then CFITSIO will still return the
    approximate WCS keyword values, but will also return with status =
    506, to warn the calling program that approximations have been
    made.  It is then up to the calling program to decide whether the
    approximations are sufficiently accurate for the particular
    application, or whether more precise WCS transformations must be
>   performed using new-style WCS keywords directly.
-
        FTGICS(unit, > xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,coordtype,status)
-
>2  Get the values of all the standard FITS celestial coordinate system
    keywords from the header of a FITS table where the X and Y (or RA and
    DEC coordinates are stored in 2 separate columns of the table.
    These values may then be passed to the subroutines that perform the
>   coordinate transformations.
-
        FTGTCS(unit,xcol,ycol, > 
               xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,coordtype,status)
-
>3   Calculate the celestial coordinate corresponding to the input 
>    X and Y pixel location in the image.
-
        FTWLDP(xpix,ypix,xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,
                          coordtype, > xpos,ypos,status)
-
>4   Calculate the X and Y pixel location corresponding to the input 
>    celestial coordinate in the image.
-
        FTXYPX(xpos,ypos,xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,
                          coordtype, > xpix,ypix,status)
-
        
**K.  File Checksum Subroutines \label{FTPCKS}

The following routines either compute or validate the checksums for the
CHDU.  The DATASUM keyword is used to store the numerical value of the
32-bit, 1's complement checksum for the data unit alone.  If there is
no data unit then the value is set to zero. The numerical value is
stored as an ASCII string of digits, enclosed in quotes, because the
value may be too large to represent as a 32-bit signed integer.  The
CHECKSUM keyword is used to store the ASCII encoded COMPLEMENT of the
checksum for the entire HDU.  Storing the complement, rather than the
actual checksum, forces the checksum for the whole HDU to equal zero.
If the file has been modified since the checksums were computed, then
the HDU checksum will usually not equal zero.  These checksum keyword
conventions are based on a paper by Rob Seaman published in the
proceedings of the ADASS IV conference in Baltimore in November 1994
and a later revision in June 1995.

>1  Compute and write the DATASUM and CHECKSUM keyword values for the CHDU
    into the current header.  The DATASUM value is the 32-bit checksum
    for the data unit, expressed as a decimal integer enclosed in single 
    quotes. The CHECKSUM keyword value is a 16-character string which
    is the ASCII-encoded value for the complement of the checksum for 
    the whole HDU.  If these keywords already exist, their values
    will be updated only if necessary (i.e., if the file has been modified 
>   since the original keyword values were computed).
-
        FTPCKS(unit, > status) 
-
>2  Update the CHECKSUM keyword value in the CHDU, assuming that the
    DATASUM keyword exists and already has the correct value.  This routine
    calculates the new checksum for the current header unit, adds it to the 
    data unit checksum, encodes the value into an ASCII string, and writes
>   the string to the CHECKSUM keyword.
-
        FTUCKS(unit, > status) 
-
>3  Verify the CHDU by computing the checksums and comparing
    them with the keywords.  The data unit is verified correctly
    if the computed checksum equals the value of the DATASUM
    keyword.  The checksum for the entire HDU (header plus data unit) is 
    correct if it equals zero.  The output DATAOK and HDUOK parameters
    in this subroutine are integers which will have a value = 1
    if the data or HDU is verified correctly, a value = 0
    if the DATASUM or CHECKSUM keyword is not present, or value = -1
>   if the computed checksum is not correct. 
-
        FTVCKS(unit, > dataok,hduok,status) 
-
>4  Compute and return the checksum values for the CHDU (as 
    double precision variables) without creating or modifying the 
    CHECKSUM and DATASUM keywords.  This routine is used internally by 
>   FTVCKS, but may be useful in other situations as well.
-
        FTGCKS(unit, > datasum,hdusum,status) 
-
>5  Encode a checksum value (stored in a double precision variable)
    into a 16-character string.  If COMPLEMENT = .true. then the 32-bit  
>   sum value will be complemented before encoding.
-
        FTESUM(sum,complement, > checksum)
-
>6  Decode a 16 character checksum string into a double precision value.
    If COMPLEMENT = .true. then the 32-bit sum value will be complemented 
>   after decoding.
-
        FTDSUM(checksum,complement, > sum)
-
        
**L.   Date and Time Utility Routines \label{FTGSDT}

The following routines help to construct or parse the FITS date/time
strings.   Starting in the year 2000, the FITS DATE keyword values (and
the values of other `DATE-' keywords) must have the form 'YYYY-MM-DD'
(date only) or 'YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.ddd...' (date and time) where the
number of decimal places in the seconds value is optional.  These times
are in UTC.  The older 'dd/mm/yy' date format may not be used for dates
after 01 January 2000.

>1  Get the current system date.  The returned year has 4 digits
>    (1999, 2000, etc.) 
-
        FTGSDT( > day, month, year, status )
-

>2  Get the current system date and time string ('YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss').
The time will be in UTC/GMT if available, as indicated by a returned timeref 
value = 0.  If the returned value of timeref = 1 then this indicates that
it was not possible to convert the local time to UTC, and thus the local
>time was returned.
-
        FTGSTM(> datestr, timeref, status)
-

>3  Construct a date string from the input date values.  If the year
is between 1900 and 1998, inclusive, then the returned date string will
have the old FITS format ('dd/mm/yy'), otherwise the date string will
have the new FITS format ('YYYY-MM-DD').  Use FTTM2S instead
> to always return a date string using the new FITS format. 
-
        FTDT2S( year, month, day, > datestr, status)
-

>4  Construct a new-format date + time string ('YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.ddd...').
  If the year, month, and day values all = 0 then only the time is encoded
  with format 'hh:mm:ss.ddd...'.  The decimals parameter specifies how many
  decimal places of fractional seconds to include in the string.  If `decimals'
> is negative, then only the date will be return ('YYYY-MM-DD').
-
        FTTM2S( year, month, day, hour, minute, second, decimals, 
                > datestr, status)
-

>5  Return the date as read from the input string, where the string may be
in either the old ('dd/mm/yy')  or new ('YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss' or
>'YYYY-MM-DD') FITS format.  
-
        FTS2DT(datestr, > year, month, day, status)
-

>6  Return the date and time as read from the input string, where the
string may be in either the old  or new FITS format.  The returned hours,
minutes, and seconds values will be set to zero if the input string
does not include the time ('dd/mm/yy' or 'YYYY-MM-DD') .  Similarly,
the returned year, month, and date values will be set to zero if the
>date is not included in the input string ('hh:mm:ss.ddd...'). 
-
        FTS2TM(datestr, > year, month, day, hour, minute, second, status)
-

**M.  General Utility Subroutines \label{FTGHAD}

The following utility subroutines may be useful for certain applications:

>>1  Return the starting byte address of the CHDU and the next HDU.
-
        FTGHAD(iunit, > curaddr, nextaddr)
-
>>2  Convert a character string to uppercase (operates in place).
-
        FTUPCH(string)
-
>3  Compare the input template string against the reference string
    to see if they match.  The template string may contain wildcard
    characters: '*' will match any sequence of characters (including
    zero characters) and '?' will match any single character in the
    reference string. The '\#' character will match any consecutive string
    of decimal digits (0 - 9).  If CASESN = .true. then the match will be
    case sensitive.  The returned MATCH parameter will be .true. if
    the 2 strings match, and EXACT will be .true. if the match is
    exact (i.e., if no wildcard characters were used in the match).
>   Both strings must be 68 characters or less in length.
-
        FTCMPS(str_template, string, casesen, > match, exact)
-

>4  Test that the keyword name contains only legal characters: A-Z,0-9,
>   hyphen, and underscore.
-
        FTTKEY(keyword, > status)
-
>5  Test that the keyword record contains only legal printable ASCII
>     characters
-
        FTTREC(card, > status)
-
>6  Test whether the current header contains any NULL (ASCII 0) characters.
    These characters are illegal in the header, but they will go undetected
    by most of the CFITSIO keyword header routines, because the null is 
    interpreted as the normal end-of-string terminator.  This routine returns
    the position of the first null character in the header, or zero if there
    are no nulls.  For example a returned value of 110 would indicate that
    the first NULL is located in the 30th character of the second keyword
    in the header (recall that each header record is 80 characters long).
    Note that this is one of the few FITSIO routines in which the returned
>   value is not necessarily equal to the status value).   
-
        FTNCHK(unit, > status)
-
>7  Parse a header keyword record and return the name of the keyword
    and the length of the name.
    The keyword name normally occupies the first 8 characters of the
    record, except under the HIERARCH convention where the name can
>   be up to 70 characters in length.
-
        FTGKNM(card, > keyname, keylength, staThe '\#' character will match any consecutive string
    of decimal digits (0 - 9). tus)
-  
>8  Parse a header keyword record.
    This subroutine parses the input header record to return the value (as
    a character string) and comment strings.  If the keyword has no
    value (columns 9-10 not equal to '= '), then the value string is returned
    blank and the comment string is set equal to column 9 - 80 of the
>   input string.
-
        FTPSVC(card, > value,comment,status)
-
>9  Construct a properly formated 80-character header keyword record from the
    input keyword name, keyword value, and keyword comment strings.
    Hierarchical keyword names (e.g., "ESO TELE CAM") are supported.
    The value string may contain an integer, floating point, logical, or 
    quoted character string (e.g., "12", "15.7", "T", 
>    or "'NGC 1313'").  
-
        FTMKKY(keyname, value, comment, > card, status)
-	  
>10 Construct a sequence keyword name (ROOT + nnn).
    This subroutine appends the sequence number to the root string to create
>   a keyword name (e.g., 'NAXIS' + 2 = 'NAXIS2')
-
        FTKEYN(keyroot,seq_no, > keyword,status)
-
>11 Construct a sequence keyword name (n + ROOT).
    This subroutine concatenates the sequence number to the front of the
>   root string to create a keyword name (e.g., 1 + 'CTYP' = '1CTYP')
-
        FTNKEY(seq_no,keyroot, > keyword,status)
-
>12 Determine the datatype of a keyword value string.
    This subroutine parses the keyword value string (usually columns 11-30
>   of the header record) to determine its datatype.  
-
        FTDTYP(value, > dtype,status)
-
>13 Return the class of input header record.  The record is classified
    into one of the following categories (the class values are
    defined in fitsio.h).  Note that this is one of the few FITSIO
>   routines that does not return a status value. 
-
       Class  Value             Keywords
  TYP_STRUC_KEY  10  SIMPLE, BITPIX, NAXIS, NAXISn, EXTEND, BLOCKED,
                     GROUPS, PCOUNT, GCOUNT, END
                     XTENSION, TFIELDS, TTYPEn, TBCOLn, TFORMn, THEAP,
                     and the first 4 COMMENT keywords in the primary array
                     that define the FITS format.
  TYP_CMPRS_KEY  20  The keywords used in the compressed image  or table
                     format, including ZIMAGE, ZCMPTYPE, ZNAMEn, ZVALn,
                     ZTILEn, ZBITPIX, ZNAXISn, ZSCALE, ZZERO, ZBLANK
  TYP_SCAL_KEY   30  BSCALE, BZERO, TSCALn, TZEROn
  TYP_NULL_KEY   40  BLANK, TNULLn
  TYP_DIM_KEY    50  TDIMn
  TYP_RANG_KEY   60  TLMINn, TLMAXn, TDMINn, TDMAXn, DATAMIN, DATAMAX
  TYP_UNIT_KEY   70  BUNIT, TUNITn
  TYP_DISP_KEY   80  TDISPn
  TYP_HDUID_KEY  90  EXTNAME, EXTVER, EXTLEVEL, HDUNAME, HDUVER, HDULEVEL
  TYP_CKSUM_KEY 100  CHECKSUM, DATASUM
  TYP_WCS_KEY   110  CTYPEn, CUNITn, CRVALn, CRPIXn, CROTAn, CDELTn
                     CDj_is, PVj_ms, LONPOLEs, LATPOLEs
                     TCTYPn, TCTYns, TCUNIn, TCUNns, TCRVLn, TCRVns, TCRPXn,
                     TCRPks, TCDn_k, TCn_ks, TPVn_m, TPn_ms, TCDLTn, TCROTn
                     jCTYPn, jCTYns, jCUNIn, jCUNns, jCRVLn, jCRVns, iCRPXn,
                     iCRPns, jiCDn,  jiCDns, jPVn_m, jPn_ms, jCDLTn, jCROTn
                     (i,j,m,n are integers, s is any letter)
  TYP_REFSYS_KEY 120 EQUINOXs, EPOCH, MJD-OBSs, RADECSYS, RADESYSs
  TYP_COMM_KEY   130 COMMENT, HISTORY, (blank keyword)
  TYP_CONT_KEY   140 CONTINUE
  TYP_USER_KEY   150 all other keywords

         class = FTGKCL (char *card)
-
>14 Parse the 'TFORM' binary table column format string.
    This subroutine parses the input TFORM character string and returns the
    integer datatype code, the repeat count of the field, and, in the case
    of character string fields, the length of the unit string.  The following
    datatype codes are returned (the negative of the value is returned
>   if the column contains variable-length arrays):
-
                Datatype                DATACODE value
                bit, X                   1 
                byte, B                 11
                logical, L              14
                ASCII character, A      16
                short integer, I        21
                integer, J              41
                real, E                 42
                double precision, D     82
                complex                 83
                double complex          163

        FTBNFM(tform, > datacode,repeat,width,status)
-
>15 Parse the 'TFORM' keyword value that defines the column format in
    an ASCII table.  This routine parses the input TFORM character
    string and returns the datatype code, the width of the column,
    and (if it is a floating point column) the number of decimal places
    to the right of the decimal point.  The returned datatype codes are
    the same as for the binary table, listed above, with the following
    additional rules:  integer columns that are between 1 and 4 characters
    wide are defined to be short integers (code = 21).  Wider integer
    columns are defined to be regular integers (code = 41).  Similarly,
    Fixed decimal point columns (with TFORM = 'Fw.d') are defined to
    be single precision reals (code = 42) if w is between 1 and 7 characters
    wide, inclusive.  Wider 'F' columns will return a double precision
    data code (= 82).  'Ew.d' format columns will have datacode = 42,
>   and 'Dw.d' format columns will have datacode = 82.
-
        FTASFM(tform, > datacode,width,decimals,status)
-
>16 Calculate the starting column positions and total ASCII table width
    based on the input array of ASCII table TFORM values.  The SPACE input
    parameter defines how many blank spaces to leave between each column
    (it is recommended to have one space between columns for better human
>   readability).
-
        FTGABC(tfields,tform,space, > rowlen,tbcol,status)
-
>17 Parse a template string and return a formatted 80-character string
    suitable for appending to (or deleting from) a FITS header file.  
    This subroutine is useful for parsing lines from an ASCII template file
    and reformatting them into legal FITS header records.  The formatted
    string may then be passed to the FTPREC, FTMCRD, or FTDKEY subroutines 
>   to append or modify a FITS header record.
-
        FTGTHD(template, > card,hdtype,status)
-
    The input TEMPLATE character string generally should contain 3 tokens:
    (1) the KEYNAME, (2) the VALUE, and (3) the COMMENT string.  The
    TEMPLATE string must adhere to the following format:

>-      The KEYNAME token must begin in columns 1-8 and be a maximum  of 8
        characters long.  If the first 8 characters of the template line are
        blank then the remainder of the line is considered to be a FITS comment
        (with a blank keyword name).  A legal FITS keyword name may only
        contain the characters A-Z, 0-9, and '-' (minus sign) and
        underscore.  This subroutine will automatically convert any lowercase
        characters to uppercase in the output string.  If KEYNAME = 'COMMENT'
        or 'HISTORY' then the remainder of the line is considered to be a FITS
>       COMMENT or HISTORY record, respectively.

>-      The VALUE token must be separated from the KEYNAME token by one or more
        spaces and/or an '=' character.  The datatype of the VALUE token
        (numeric, logical, or character string) is automatically determined
        and  the output CARD string is formatted accordingly.  The value
        token may be forced to be interpreted as a string (e.g. if it is a
        string of numeric digits) by enclosing it in single quotes.
        If the value token is a character string that contains 1 or more 
        embedded blank space characters or slash ('/') characters then the 
>       entire character string must be enclosed in single quotes.

>-      The COMMENT token is optional, but if present must be separated from
>       the VALUE token by a blank space or a  '/' character.

>-      One exception to the above rules is that if the first non-blank
        character in the template string is a minus sign ('-') followed
        by a single token, or a single token followed by an equal sign, 
        then it is interpreted as the name of a keyword which is to be  
>       deleted from the FITS header.  

>-      The second exception is that if the template string starts with
        a minus sign and is followed by 2 tokens then the second token
        is interpreted as the new name for the keyword specified by
        first token.  In this case the old keyword name (first token)
        is returned in characters 1-8 of the returned CARD string, and
        the new keyword name (the second token) is returned in characters
        41-48 of the returned CARD string.  These old and new names
        may then be passed to the FTMNAM subroutine which will change
>       the keyword name.

    The HDTYPE output parameter indicates how the returned CARD string
    should be interpreted:
-
        hdtype                  interpretation
        ------           -------------------------------------------------
           -2            Modify the name of the keyword given in CARD(1:8)
                         to the new name given in CARD(41:48)

           -1            CARD(1:8) contains the name of a keyword to be deleted
                         from the FITS header.

            0            append the CARD string to the FITS header if the
                         keyword does not already exist, otherwise update
                         the value/comment if the keyword is already present
                         in the header.

            1            simply append this keyword to the FITS header (CARD
                         is either a HISTORY or COMMENT keyword).

            2            This is a FITS END record; it should not be written
                         to the FITS header because FITSIO automatically
                         appends the END record when the header is closed.
-
     EXAMPLES:  The following lines illustrate valid input template strings:
-
      INTVAL 7 This is an integer keyword
      RVAL           34.6   /     This is a floating point keyword
      EVAL=-12.45E-03  This is a floating point keyword in exponential notation
      lval F This is a boolean keyword
                  This is a comment keyword with a blank keyword name
      SVAL1 = 'Hello world'   /  this is a string keyword
      SVAL2  '123.5'  this is also a string keyword
      sval3  123+  /  this is also a string keyword with the value '123+    '
      # the following template line deletes the DATE keyword
      - DATE 
      # the following template line modifies the NAME keyword to OBJECT
      - NAME OBJECT
-                
>18  Parse the input string containing a list of rows or row ranges, and
     return integer arrays containing the first and last row in each
     range.  For example, if rowlist = "3-5, 6, 8-9" then it will
     return numranges = 3, rangemin = 3, 6, 8 and rangemax = 5, 6, 9.
     At most, 'maxranges' number of ranges will be returned.  'maxrows'
     is the maximum number of rows in the table; any rows or ranges
     larger than this will be ignored.  The rows must be specified in
     increasing order, and the ranges must not overlap. A minus sign
     may be use to specify all the rows to the upper or lower bound, so
     "50-" means all the rows from 50 to the end of the table, and "-"
>    means all the rows in the table, from 1 - maxrows.
-
    FTRWRG(rowlist, maxrows, maxranges, >  
           numranges, rangemin, rangemax, status)
-



*VI.  The CFITSIO Iterator Function

The fits\_iterate\_data function in CFITSIO provides a unique method of
executing an arbitrary user-supplied `work' function that operates on
rows of data in  FITS tables or on pixels in FITS images.  Rather than
explicitly reading and writing the FITS images or columns of data, one
instead calls the CFITSIO iterator routine, passing to it the name of
the user's work function that is to be executed along with a list of
all the table columns or image arrays that are to be passed to the work
function.  The CFITSIO iterator function then does all the work of
allocating memory for the arrays, reading the input data from the FITS
file, passing them to the work function, and then writing any output
data back to the FITS file after the work function exits.  Because
it is often more efficient to process only a subset of the total table
rows at one time, the iterator function can determine the optimum
amount of data to pass in each iteration and repeatedly call the work
function until the entire table been processed.

For many applications this single CFITSIO iterator function can
effectively replace all the other CFITSIO routines for reading or
writing data in FITS images or tables.  Using the iterator has several
important advantages over the traditional method of reading and writing
FITS data files:

\begin{itemize}
\item
It cleanly separates the data I/O from the routine that operates on
the data.  This leads to a more modular and `object oriented'
programming style.  

\item
It simplifies the application program by eliminating the need to allocate
memory for the data arrays and eliminates most of the calls to the CFITSIO
routines that explicitly read and write the data.

\item
It ensures that the data are processed as efficiently as possible.
This is especially important when processing tabular data since
the iterator function will calculate the most efficient number
of rows in the table to be passed at one time to the user's work 
function on each iteration.

\item
Makes it possible for larger projects to develop a library of work
functions that all have a uniform calling sequence and are all
independent of the details of the FITS file format.

\end{itemize}

There are basically 2 steps in using the CFITSIO iterator function.
The first step is to design the work function itself which must have a
prescribed set of input parameters.  One of these parameters is a
structure containing pointers to the arrays of data; the work function
can perform any desired operations on these arrays and does not need to
worry about how the input data were read from the file or how the
output data get written back to the file.

The second step is to design the driver routine that opens all the
necessary FITS files and initializes  the input parameters to the
iterator function.  The driver program calls the CFITSIO iterator
function which then reads the data and passes it to the user's work
function.

Further details on using the iterator function can be found in the
companion CFITSIO User's Guide, and in the iter\_a.f, iter\_b.f and
iter\_c.f example programs.



*IV.   Extended File Name Syntax

**A.  Overview

CFITSIO supports an extended syntax when specifying the name of the
data file to be opened or created  that includes the following
features:

\begin{itemize}
\item
CFITSIO can read IRAF format images which have header file names that
end with the '.imh' extension, as well as reading and writing FITS
files,   This feature is implemented in CFITSIO by first converting the
IRAF image into a temporary FITS format file in memory, then opening
the FITS file.  Any of the usual CFITSIO routines then may be used to
read the image header or data.  Similarly, raw binary data arrays can
be read by converting them on the fly into virtual FITS images.

\item
FITS files on the Internet can be read (and sometimes written) using the FTP,
HTTP, or ROOT protocols.

\item
FITS files can be piped between tasks on the stdin and stdout streams.

\item
FITS files can be read and written in shared memory.  This can potentially
achieve much better data I/O performance compared to reading and
writing the same FITS files on magnetic disk.

\item
Compressed FITS files in gzip or Unix COMPRESS format can be directly read.

\item
Output FITS files can be written directly in compressed gzip format,
thus saving disk space.

\item
FITS table columns can be created, modified, or deleted 'on-the-fly' as
the table is opened by CFITSIO.  This creates a virtual FITS file containing
the modifications that is then opened by the application program.

\item
Table rows may be selected, or filtered out, on the fly when the table
is opened by CFITSIO, based on an arbitrary user-specified expression.
Only rows for which the expression evaluates to 'TRUE' are retained
in the copy of the table that is opened by the application program.

\item
Histogram images may be created on the fly by binning the values in
table columns, resulting in a virtual N-dimensional FITS image.  The
application program then only sees the FITS image (in the primary
array) instead of the original FITS table.
\end{itemize}

The latter 3 features in particular add very powerful data processing
capabilities directly into CFITSIO, and hence into every task that uses
CFITSIO to read or write FITS files.  For example, these features
transform a very simple program that just copies an input FITS file to
a new output file (like the `fitscopy' program that is distributed with
CFITSIO) into a multipurpose FITS file processing tool.  By appending
fairly simple qualifiers onto the name of the input FITS file, the user
can perform quite complex table editing operations (e.g., create new
columns, or filter out rows in a table) or create FITS images by
binning or histogramming the values in table columns.  In addition,
these functions have been coded using new state-of-the art algorithms
that are, in some cases, 10 - 100 times faster than previous widely
used implementations.

Before describing the complete syntax for the extended FITS file names
in the next section, here are a few examples of FITS file names that
give a quick overview of the allowed syntax:

\begin{itemize}
\item
{\tt 'myfile.fits'}: the simplest case of a FITS file on disk in the current
directory.

\item
{\tt 'myfile.imh'}: opens an IRAF format image file and converts it on the
fly into a temporary FITS format image in memory which can then be read with
any other CFITSIO routine.

\item
{\tt rawfile.dat[i512,512]}: opens a raw binary data array (a 512 x 512
short integer array in this case) and converts it on the fly into a
temporary FITS format image in memory which can then be read with any
other CFITSIO routine.

\item
{\tt myfile.fits.gz}: if this is the name of a new output file, the '.gz'
suffix will cause it to be compressed in gzip format when it is written to 
disk.

\item
{\tt 'myfile.fits.gz[events, 2]'}:  opens and uncompresses the gzipped file
myfile.fits then moves to the extension which has the keywords EXTNAME
= 'EVENTS' and EXTVER = 2.

\item
{\tt '-'}:  a dash (minus sign) signifies that the input file is to be read
from the stdin file stream, or that the output file is to be written to
the stdout stream. 

\item
{\tt 'ftp://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/test/vela.fits'}:  FITS files in any ftp
archive site on the Internet may be directly opened with read-only
access.

\item
{\tt 'http://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/software/test.fits'}: any valid URL to a
FITS file on the Web may be opened with read-only access.

\item
{\tt 'root://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/test/vela.fits'}: similar to ftp access
except that it provides write as well as read access to the files
across the network. This uses the root protocol developed at CERN.

\item
{\tt 'shmem://h2[events]'}: opens the FITS file in a shared memory segment and
moves to the EVENTS extension.  

\item
{\tt 'mem://'}:  creates a scratch output file in core computer memory.  The
resulting 'file' will disappear when the program exits, so this
is mainly useful for testing purposes when one does not want a
permanent copy of the output file.

\item
{\tt 'myfile.fits[3; Images(10)]'}: opens a copy of the image contained in the
10th row of the 'Images' column in the binary table in the 3th extension
of the FITS file.  The application just sees this single image as the 
primary array.

\item
{\tt 'myfile.fits[1:512:2, 1:512:2]'}: opens a section of the input image
ranging from the 1st to the 512th pixel in  X and Y, and selects every 
second pixel in both dimensions, resulting in a 256 x 256 pixel image 
in this case.

\item
{\tt 'myfile.fits[EVENTS][col Rad = sqrt(X**2 + Y**2)]'}:  creates and opens
a temporary file on the fly (in memory or on disk) that is identical to
myfile.fits except that it will contain a new column in the EVENTS
extension called 'Rad' whose value is computed using the indicated
expression which is a function of the values in the X and Y columns.

\item
{\tt 'myfile.fits[EVENTS][PHA > 5]'}:  creates and opens a temporary FITS
files that is identical to 'myfile.fits' except that the EVENTS table
will only contain the rows that have values of the PHA column greater
than 5.  In general, any arbitrary boolean expression using a C or
Fortran-like syntax, which may combine AND and OR operators,
may be used to select rows from a table.

\item
{\tt 'myfile.fits[EVENTS][bin (X,Y)=1,2048,4]'}:  creates a temporary FITS
primary array image which is computed on the fly by binning (i.e,
computing the 2-dimensional histogram) of the values in the X and Y
columns of the EVENTS extension.  In this case the X and Y coordinates
range from 1 to 2048 and the image pixel size is 4 units in both
dimensions, so the resulting image is 512 x 512 pixels in size.

\item
The final example combines many of these feature into one complex
expression (it is broken into several lines for clarity):
-
  'ftp://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/sample.fits.gz[EVENTS]
   [col phacorr = pha * 1.1 - 0.3][phacorr >= 5.0 && phacorr <= 14.0]
   [bin (X,Y)=32]' 
-
In this case, CFITSIO (1) copies and uncompresses the FITS file from
the ftp site on the legacy machine, (2) moves to the 'EVENTS'
extension, (3) calculates a new column called 'phacorr', (4) selects
the rows in the table that have phacorr in the range 5 to 14, and
finally (5) bins the remaining rows on the X and Y column coordinates,
using a pixel size = 32 to create a 2D image.  All this processing is
completely transparent to the application program, which simply sees
the final 2-D image in the primary array of the opened file.
\end{itemize}

The full extended CFITSIO FITS file name can contain several different
components depending on the context.  These components are described in
the following sections:
-
When creating a new file:
   filetype://BaseFilename(templateName)

When opening an existing primary array or image HDU:
   filetype://BaseFilename(outName)[HDUlocation][ImageSection]

When opening an existing table HDU:
   filetype://BaseFilename(outName)[HDUlocation][colFilter][rowFilter][binSpec]
-
The filetype, BaseFilename, outName, HDUlocation, and ImageSection
components, if present, must be given in that order, but the colFilter,
rowFilter, and binSpec specifiers may follow in any order.  Regardless
of the order, however, the colFilter specifier, if present, will be
processed first by CFITSIO, followed by the rowFilter specifier, and
finally by the binSpec specifier.

**A.  Filetype

The type of file determines the medium on which the file is located
(e.g., disk or network) and, hence, which internal device driver is used by
CFITSIO to read and/or write the file.  Currently supported types are
-
        file://  - file on local magnetic disk (default)
        ftp://   - a readonly file accessed with the anonymous FTP protocol.
                   It also supports  ftp://username:password@hostname/...
                   for accessing password-protected ftp sites.
        http://  - a readonly file accessed with the HTTP protocol.  It
                   supports username:password just like the ftp driver.
                   Proxy HTTP servers are supported using the http_proxy
                   environment variable (see following note).
      stream://  - special driver to read an input FITS file from the stdin
                   stream, and/or write an output FITS file to the stdout
		   stream.  This driver is fragile and has limited
		   functionality (see the following note).
      gsiftp://  - access files on a computational grid using the gridftp
                   protocol in the Globus toolkit (see following note).
        root://  - uses the CERN root protocol for writing as well as
                   reading files over the network.
        shmem:// - opens or creates a file which persists in the computer's
                   shared memory.
        mem://   - opens a temporary file in core memory.  The file 
                   disappears when the program exits so this is mainly
                   useful for test purposes when a permanent output file
                   is not desired.
-
If the filetype is not specified, then type file:// is assumed.
The double slashes '//' are optional and may be omitted in most cases.

***1.  Notes about HTTP proxy servers

A proxy HTTP server may be used by defining the address (URL) and port 
number of the proxy server with the http\_proxy environment variable.
For example
-
    setenv http_proxy http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov:3128
-
will cause CFITSIO to use port 3128 on the heasarc proxy server whenever
reading a FITS file with HTTP.

***2.  Notes about the stream filetype driver

The stream driver can be used to efficiently read a FITS file from the stdin
file stream or write a FITS to the stdout file stream.  However, because these
input and output streams must be accessed sequentially, the FITS file reading or
writing application must also read and write the file sequentially, at least
within the tolerances described below.  

CFITSIO supports 2 different methods for accessing FITS files on the stdin and
stdout streams.  The original method, which is invoked by specifying a dash
character, "-", as the name of the file when opening or creating it, works by
storing a complete copy of the entire FITS file in memory.  In this case, when
reading from stdin, CFITSIO will copy the entire stream into memory before doing
any processing of the file.  Similarly, when writing to stdout, CFITSIO will
create a copy of the entire FITS file in memory, before finally flushing it out
to  the stdout stream when the FITS file is closed.  Buffering the entire FITS
file in this way allows the application to randomly access any part of the FITS
file, in any order, but it also requires that the user have sufficient available
memory (or virtual memory) to store the entire file, which may not be possible
in the case of very large files.  

The newer stream filetype provides a more memory-efficient method of accessing
FITS files on the stdin or stdout streams.  Instead of storing a copy of the
entire FITS file in memory, CFITSIO only uses a set of internal  buffer which by
default can store  40 FITS blocks, or about  100K bytes of the FITS file.  The
application program must process the FITS file sequentially from beginning to
end, within this 100K buffer.  Generally speaking the application  program must
conform to the following restrictions:

\begin{itemize}
\item
The program must finish reading or writing the header keywords 
before reading or writing any data in the HDU.
\item
The HDU can contain at most about 1400 header keywords.  This is the
maximum that can fit in the nominal 40 FITS block buffer.  In principle,
this limit could be increased by recompiling CFITSIO with a larger
buffer limit, which is set by the NIOBUF parameter in fitsio2.h.
\item
The program must read or write the data in a sequential manner from the 
beginning to the end of the HDU.  Note that CFITSIO's internal 
100K buffer allows a little latitude in meeting this requirement.
\item
The program cannot move back to a previous HDU in the FITS file.
\item
Reading or writing of variable length array columns in binary tables is not
supported on streams, because this requires moving back and forth between the
fixed-length portion of the binary table and the following heap area where the
arrays are actually stored.
\item
Reading or writing of tile-compressed images is not supported on streams, 
because the images are internally stored using variable length arrays.
\end{itemize}

***3.  Notes about the gsiftp filetype

DEPENDENCIES: Globus toolkit (2.4.3 or higher) (GT) should be installed.
There are two different ways to install GT:

1) goto the globus toolkit web page www.globus.org and follow the
   download and compilation instructions;
   
2) goto the Virtual Data Toolkit web page http://vdt.cs.wisc.edu/
   and follow the instructions (STRONGLY SUGGESTED);

Once a globus client has been installed in your system with a specific flavour
it is possible to compile and install the CFITSIO libraries.
Specific configuration flags must be used:

1)  --with-gsiftp[[=PATH]] Enable Globus Toolkit gsiftp protocol support
    PATH=GLOBUS\_LOCATION i.e. the location of your globus installation

2)  --with-gsiftp-flavour[[=PATH] defines the specific Globus flavour
        ex. gcc32

Both the flags must be used and it is mandatory to set  both the PATH and the
flavour.

USAGE: To access files on a gridftp server it is necessary to use a gsiftp prefix:

example: gsiftp://remote\_server\_fqhn/directory/filename

The gridftp driver uses a local buffer on a temporary file the file is located
in the /tmp directory. If you have special permissions on /tmp or you do not have a /tmp
directory, it is possible to force another location setting the GSIFTP\_TMPFILE environment
variable (ex. export GSIFTP\_TMPFILE=/your/location/yourtmpfile).

Grid FTP supports multi channel transfer. By default a single channel transmission is
available. However, it is possible to modify this behavior setting the GSIFTP\_STREAMS
environment variable (ex. export GSIFTP\_STREAMS=8).

***4.  Notes about the root filetype

The original rootd server can be obtained from:
\verb-ftp://root.cern.ch/root/rootd.tar.gz-
but, for it to work correctly with CFITSIO one has to use a modified
version which supports a command to return the length of the file. 
This modified version is available in rootd subdirectory
in the CFITSIO ftp area at
-
      ftp://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/software/fitsio/c/root/rootd.tar.gz.  
-

This small server is started either by inetd when a client requests a
connection to a rootd server or by hand (i.e. from the command line).
The rootd server works with the ROOT TNetFile class. It allows remote
access to ROOT database files in either read or write mode. By default
TNetFile assumes port 432 (which requires rootd to be started as root).
To run rootd via inetd add the following line to /etc/services:
-                                                                          
  rootd     432/tcp                                                    
-                                                                    
and to /etc/inetd.conf, add the following line: 
-
  rootd stream tcp nowait root /user/rdm/root/bin/rootd rootd -i       
-                                                                    
Force inetd to reread its conf file with "kill -HUP ".    
You can also start rootd by hand running directly under your private 
account (no root system privileges needed). For example to start     
rootd listening on port 5151 just type:   \verb+rootd -p 5151+  
Notice: no \& is needed. Rootd will go into background by itself.       
-
  Rootd arguments:                                                     
    -i                says we were started by inetd                    
    -p port#          specifies a different port to listen on          
    -d level          level of debug info written to syslog            
                      0 = no debug (default)                           
                      1 = minimum                                      
                      2 = medium                                       
                      3 = maximum                                      
-
Rootd can also be configured for anonymous usage (like anonymous ftp).
To setup rootd to accept anonymous logins do the following (while being
logged in as root):                                  
-
   - Add the following line to /etc/passwd:                             
                                                                     
     rootd:*:71:72:Anonymous rootd:/var/spool/rootd:/bin/false          
                                                                     
     where you may modify the uid, gid (71, 72) and the home directory  
     to suite your system.                                              
                                                                     
   - Add the following line to /etc/group:                              
                                                                     
     rootd:*:72:rootd                                                   
                                                                     
     where the gid must match the gid in /etc/passwd.                   
                                                                     
   - Create the directories:                                            
                                                                     
     mkdir /var/spool/rootd                                             
     mkdir /var/spool/rootd/tmp                                         
     chmod 777 /var/spool/rootd/tmp                                     
                                                                     
     Where /var/spool/rootd must match the rootd home directory as      
     specified in the rootd /etc/passwd entry.                          
                                                                     
   - To make writeable directories for anonymous do, for example:       
                                                                     
     mkdir /var/spool/rootd/pub                                         
     chown rootd:rootd /var/spool/rootd/pub                             
-
That's all.  Several additional remarks:  you can login to an anonymous
server either with the names "anonymous" or "rootd".  The password should
be of type user@host.do.main. Only the @ is enforced for the time
being.  In anonymous mode the top of the file tree is set to the rootd
home directory, therefore only files below the home directory can be
accessed.  Anonymous mode only works when the server is started via
inetd.

***5.  Notes about the shmem filetype:

Shared memory files are currently supported on most Unix platforms,
where the shared memory segments are managed by the operating system
kernel and `live' independently of processes. They are not deleted (by
default) when the process which created them terminates, although they
will disappear if the system is rebooted.  Applications can create
shared memory files in CFITSIO by calling:
-
   fit_create_file(&fitsfileptr, "shmem://h2", &status);
-
where the root `file' names are currently restricted to be 'h0', 'h1',
'h2', 'h3', etc., up to a maximum number defined by the the value of
SHARED\_MAXSEG (equal to 16 by default).  This is a prototype
implementation of the shared memory interface and a more robust
interface, which will have fewer restrictions on the number of files
and on their names, may be developed in the future.

When opening an already existing FITS file in shared memory one calls
the usual CFITSIO routine:
-
   fits_open_file(&fitsfileptr, "shmem://h7", mode, &status)
-
The file mode can be READWRITE or READONLY just as with disk files.
More than one process can operate on READONLY mode files at the same
time.  CFITSIO supports proper file locking (both in READONLY and
READWRITE modes), so calls to fits\_open\_file may be locked out until
another other process closes the file.

When an application is finished accessing a FITS file in a shared
memory segment, it may close it  (and the file will remain in the
system) with fits\_close\_file, or delete it with fits\_delete\_file.
Physical deletion is postponed until the last process calls
ffclos/ffdelt.  fits\_delete\_file tries to obtain a READWRITE lock on
the file to be deleted, thus it can be blocked if the object was not
opened in READWRITE mode.

A shared memory management utility program called `smem', is included
with the CFITSIO distribution.  It can be built by typing `make smem';
then type `smem -h' to get a list of valid options.  Executing smem
without any options causes it to list all the shared memory segments
currently residing in the system and managed by the shared memory
driver. To get a list of all the shared memory objects, run the system
utility program `ipcs  [-a]'.

**B.  Base Filename

The base filename is the name of the file optionally including the
director/subdirectory path, and in the case of `ftp', `http', and `root'
filetypes, the machine identifier.  Examples:
-
    myfile.fits
    !data.fits
    /data/myfile.fits
    fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/ftp/sampledata/myfile.fits.gz
-

When creating a new output file on magnetic disk (of type file://) if
the base filename begins with an exclamation point (!) then any
existing file with that same basename will be deleted prior to creating
the new FITS file.  Otherwise if the file to be created already exists,
then CFITSIO will return an error and will not overwrite the existing
file.  Note  that the exclamation point,  '!', is a special UNIX character,
so if it is used  on the command line rather than entered at a task
prompt, it must be  preceded by a backslash to force the UNIX
shell to pass it verbatim to the application program.

If the output disk file name ends with the suffix '.gz', then CFITSIO
will compress the file using the gzip compression algorithm before
writing it to disk.  This can reduce the amount of disk space used by
the file.  Note that this feature requires that the uncompressed file
be constructed in memory before it is compressed and written to disk,
so it can fail if there is insufficient available memory.

An input FITS file may be compressed with the gzip or Unix compress
algorithms, in which case CFITSIO will uncompress the file on the fly
into a temporary file (in memory or on disk).  Compressed files may
only be opened with read-only permission.  When specifying the name of
a compressed FITS file it is not necessary to append the file suffix
(e.g., `.gz' or `.Z').  If CFITSIO cannot find the input file name
without the suffix, then it will automatically search for a compressed
file with the same root name.  In the case of reading ftp and http type
files, CFITSIO generally looks for a compressed version of the file
first, before trying to open the uncompressed file.  By default,
CFITSIO copies (and uncompressed if necessary) the ftp or http FITS
file into memory on the local machine before opening it.  This will
fail if the local machine does not have enough memory to hold the whole
FITS file, so in this case, the output filename specifier (see the next
section) can be used to further control how CFITSIO reads ftp and http
files.

If the input file is an IRAF image file (*.imh file) then CFITSIO will
automatically convert it on the fly into a virtual FITS image before it
is opened by the application program.  IRAF images can only be opened
with READONLY file access.

Similarly, if the input file is a raw binary data array, then CFITSIO
will convert it on the fly into a virtual FITS image with the basic set
of required header keywords before it is opened by the application
program (with READONLY access).  In this case the data type and
dimensions of the image must be specified in square brackets following
the filename (e.g. rawfile.dat[ib512,512]). The first character (case
insensitive) defines the datatype of the array:
-
     b         8-bit unsigned byte
     i        16-bit signed integer
     u        16-bit unsigned integer
     j        32-bit signed integer
     r or f   32-bit floating point
     d        64-bit floating point
-
An optional second character specifies the byte order of the array
values: b or B indicates big endian (as in FITS files and the native
format of SUN UNIX workstations and Mac PCs) and l or L indicates
little endian (native format of DEC OSF workstations and IBM PCs).  If
this character is omitted then the array is assumed to have the native
byte order of the local machine.  These datatype characters are then
followed by a series of one or more integer values separated by commas
which define the size of each dimension of the raw array.  Arrays with
up to 5 dimensions are currently supported.  Finally, a byte offset to
the position of the first pixel in the data file may be specified by
separating it with a ':' from the last dimension value.  If omitted, it
is assumed that the offset = 0.  This parameter may be used to skip
over any header information in the file that precedes the binary data.
Further examples:
-
  raw.dat[b10000]           1-dimensional 10000 pixel byte array
  raw.dat[rb400,400,12]     3-dimensional floating point big-endian array
  img.fits[ib512,512:2880]  reads the 512 x 512 short integer array in 
                            a FITS file, skipping over the 2880 byte header
-

One special case of input file is where the filename = `-' (a dash or
minus sign) or 'stdin' or 'stdout', which signifies that the input file
is to be read from the stdin stream, or written to the stdout stream if
a new output file is being created.  In the case of reading from stdin,
CFITSIO first copies the whole stream into a temporary FITS file (in
memory or on disk), and subsequent reading of the FITS file occurs in
this copy.  When writing to stdout, CFITSIO first constructs the whole
file in memory (since random access is required), then flushes it out
to the stdout stream when the file is closed.   In addition, if the
output filename = '-.gz' or 'stdout.gz' then it will be gzip compressed
before being written to stdout.

This ability to read and write on the stdin and stdout steams allows
FITS files to be piped between tasks in memory rather than having to
create temporary intermediate FITS files on disk.  For example if task1
creates an output FITS file, and task2 reads an input FITS file, the
FITS file may be piped between the 2 tasks by specifying
-
   task1 - | task2 - 
-
where the vertical bar is the Unix piping symbol.  This assumes that the 2
tasks read the name of the FITS file off of the command line.

**C.  Output File Name when Opening an Existing File

An optional output filename may be specified in parentheses immediately
following the base file name to be opened.  This is mainly useful in
those cases where CFITSIO creates a temporary copy of the input FITS
file before it is opened and passed to the application program.  This
happens by default when opening a network FTP or HTTP-type file, when
reading a compressed FITS file on a local disk, when reading from the
stdin stream, or when a column filter, row filter, or binning specifier
is included as part of the input file specification.  By default this
temporary file is created in memory.  If there is not enough memory to
create the file copy, then CFITSIO will exit with an error.   In these
cases one can force a permanent file to be created on disk, instead of
a temporary file in memory, by supplying the name in parentheses
immediately following the base file name.  The output filename can
include the '!' clobber flag.

Thus, if the input filename to CFITSIO is:
\verb+file1.fits.gz(file2.fits)+
then CFITSIO will uncompress `file1.fits.gz' into the local disk file
`file2.fits' before opening it.  CFITSIO does not automatically delete
the output file, so it will still exist after the application program
exits.

In some cases, several different temporary FITS files will be created
in sequence, for instance, if one opens a remote file using FTP, then
filters rows in a binary table extension, then create an image by
binning a pair of columns.  In this case, the remote file will be
copied to a temporary local file, then a second temporary file will be
created containing the filtered rows of the table, and finally a third
temporary file containing the binned image will be created.  In cases
like this where multiple files are created, the outfile specifier will
be interpreted the name of the final file as described below, in descending
priority:

\begin{itemize}
\item
as the name of the final image file if an image within a single binary
table cell is opened or if an image is created by binning a table column.
\item
as the name of the file containing the filtered table if a column filter
and/or a row filter are specified.
\item
as the name of the local copy of the remote FTP or HTTP file.
\item
as the name of the uncompressed version of the FITS file, if a
compressed FITS file on local disk has been opened.
\item
otherwise, the output filename is ignored.
\end{itemize}


The output file specifier is useful when reading FTP or HTTP-type
FITS files since it can be used to create a local disk copy of the file
that can be reused in the future.  If the output file name = `*' then a
local file with the same name as the network file will be created.
Note that CFITSIO will behave differently depending on whether the
remote file is compressed or not as shown by the following examples:
\begin{itemize}
\item
`ftp://remote.machine/tmp/myfile.fits.gz(*)' - the remote compressed
file is copied to the local compressed file `myfile.fits.gz', which
is then uncompressed in local memory before being opened and passed
to the application program.

\item
`ftp://remote.machine/tmp/myfile.fits.gz(myfile.fits)' - the remote
compressed file is copied and uncompressed into the local file
`myfile.fits'.  This example requires less local memory than the
previous example since the file is uncompressed on disk instead of
in memory.

\item
`ftp://remote.machine/tmp/myfile.fits(myfile.fits.gz)' - this will
usually produce an error since CFITSIO itself cannot compress files.
\end{itemize}

The exact behavior of CFITSIO in the latter case depends on the type of
ftp server running on the remote machine and how it is configured.  In
some cases, if the file `myfile.fits.gz' exists on the remote machine,
then the server will copy it to the local machine.  In other cases the
ftp server will automatically create and transmit a compressed version
of the file if only the uncompressed version exists.  This can get
rather confusing, so users should use a certain amount of caution when
using the output file specifier with FTP or HTTP file types, to make
sure they get the behavior that they expect.

**D.  Template File Name when Creating a New File

When a new FITS file is created with a call to fits\_create\_file, the
name of a template file may be supplied in parentheses immediately
following the name of the new file to be created.  This template is
used to define the structure of one or more HDUs in the new file.  The
template file may be another FITS file, in which case the newly created
file will have exactly the same keywords in each HDU as in the template
FITS file, but all the data units will be filled with zeros.  The
template file may also be an ASCII text file, where each line (in
general) describes one FITS keyword record.  The format of the ASCII
template file is described below.

**E.  Image Tile-Compression Specification

When specifying the name of the output FITS file to be created, the
user can indicate that images should be written in tile-compressed
format (see section 5.5, ``Primary Array or IMAGE Extension I/O
Routines'') by enclosing the compression parameters in square brackets
following the root disk file name.  Here are some examples of the
syntax for specifying tile-compressed output images:
-
    myfile.fit[compress]    - use Rice algorithm and default tile size

    myfile.fit[compress GZIP] - use the specified compression algorithm;
    myfile.fit[compress Rice]     only the first letter of the algorithm 
    myfile.fit[compress PLIO]     name is required.

    myfile.fit[compress Rice 100,100]   - use 100 x 100 pixel tile size
    myfile.fit[compress Rice 100,100;2] - as above, and use noisebits = 2
-

**F.  HDU Location Specification

The optional HDU location specifier defines which HDU (Header-Data
Unit, also known as an `extension') within the FITS file to initially
open.  It must immediately follow the base file name (or the output
file name if present).  If it is not specified then the first HDU (the
primary array) is opened.  The HDU location specifier is required if
the colFilter, rowFilter, or binSpec specifiers are present, because
the primary array is not a valid HDU for these operations. The HDU may
be specified either by absolute position number, starting with 0 for
the primary array, or by reference to the HDU name, and optionally, the
version number and the HDU type of the desired extension.  The location
of an image within a single cell of a binary table may also be 
specified, as described below.

The absolute position of the extension is specified either by enclosed
the number in square brackets (e.g., `[1]' = the first extension
following the primary array) or by preceded the number with a plus sign
(`+1').  To specify the HDU by name, give the name of the desired HDU
(the value of the EXTNAME or HDUNAME keyword) and optionally the
extension version number (value of the EXTVER keyword) and the
extension type (value of the XTENSION keyword: IMAGE, ASCII or TABLE,
or BINTABLE), separated by commas and all enclosed in square brackets.
If the value of EXTVER and XTENSION are not specified, then the first
extension with the correct value of EXTNAME is opened. The extension
name and type are not case sensitive, and the extension type may be
abbreviated to a single letter (e.g., I = IMAGE extension or primary
array, A or T = ASCII table extension, and B = binary table BINTABLE
extension).   If the HDU location specifier is equal to `[PRIMARY]' or
`[P]', then the primary array (the first HDU) will be opened.

FITS images are most commonly stored in the primary array or an image
extension, but images can also be stored as a vector in a single cell
of a binary table (i.e. each row of the vector column contains a
different image).  Such an image can be opened with CFITSIO by
specifying the desired column  name and the row number after the binary
table HDU specifier as shown in the following examples. The column name
is separated from the HDU specifier by a semicolon and the row number
is enclosed in parentheses.  In this case CFITSIO copies the image from
the table cell into a temporary primary array before it is opened.  The
application program then just sees the image in the primary array,
without any extensions.  The particular row to be opened may be
specified either by giving an absolute integer row number (starting
with 1 for the first row), or by specifying a boolean expression that
evaluates to TRUE for the desired row.  The first row that satisfies
the expression will be used.  The row selection expression has the same
syntax as described in the Row Filter Specifier section, below.

 Examples:
-
   myfile.fits[3] - open the 3rd HDU following the primary array
   myfile.fits+3  - same as above, but using the FTOOLS-style notation  
   myfile.fits[EVENTS] - open the extension that has EXTNAME = 'EVENTS'
   myfile.fits[EVENTS, 2]  - same as above, but also requires EXTVER = 2
   myfile.fits[events,2,b] - same, but also requires XTENSION = 'BINTABLE'
   myfile.fits[3; images(17)] - opens the image in row 17 of the 'images'
                                column in the 3rd extension of the file.
   myfile.fits[3; images(exposure > 100)] - as above, but opens the image
                   in the first row that has an 'exposure' column value
                   greater than 100.
-

**G.  Image Section

A virtual file containing a rectangular subsection of an image can be
extracted and opened by specifying the range of pixels (start:end)
along each axis to be extracted from the original image.  One can also
specify an optional pixel increment (start:end:step) for each axis of
the input image.  A pixel step = 1 will be assumed if it is not
specified.  If the start pixel is larger then the end pixel, then the
image will be flipped (producing a mirror image) along that dimension.
An asterisk, '*', may be used to specify the entire range of an axis,
and '-*' will flip the entire axis. The input image can be in the
primary array, in an image extension, or contained in a vector cell of
a binary table. In the later 2 cases the extension name or number must
be specified before the image section specifier.

 Examples:
-
  myfile.fits[1:512:2, 2:512:2] -  open a 256x256 pixel image
              consisting of the odd numbered columns (1st axis) and 
              the even numbered rows (2nd axis) of the image in the 
              primary array of the file.

  myfile.fits[*, 512:256] - open an image consisting of all the columns
              in the input image, but only rows 256 through 512.  
              The image will be flipped along the 2nd axis since
              the starting pixel is greater than the ending pixel.

  myfile.fits[*:2, 512:256:2] - same as above but keeping only
              every other row and column in the input image.

  myfile.fits[-*, *] - copy the entire image, flipping it along
              the first axis.

  myfile.fits[3][1:256,1:256] - opens a subsection of the image that
              is in the 3rd extension of the file.

  myfile.fits[4; images(12)][1:10,1:10] - open an image consisting
	      of the first 10 pixels in both dimensions. The original
	      image resides in the 12th row of the 'images' vector
	      column in the table in the 4th extension of the file.
-

When CFITSIO opens an image section it first creates a temporary file
containing the image section plus a copy of any other HDUs in the
file.  This temporary file is then opened by the application program,
so it is not possible to write to or modify the input file when
specifying an image section.  Note that CFITSIO automatically updates
the world coordinate system keywords in the header of the image
section, if they exist, so that the coordinate associated with each
pixel in the image section will be computed correctly.

**H.  Image Transform Filters

CFITSIO can apply a user-specified mathematical function to the value
of every pixel in a FITS image, thus creating a new virtual image
in computer memory that is then opened and read by the application
program.  The original FITS image is not modified by this process.

The image transformation specifier is appended to the input
FITS file name and is enclosed in square brackets.  It begins with the 
letters 'PIX' to distinguish it from other types of FITS file filters
that are recognized by CFITSIO.  The image transforming function may
use any of the mathematical operators listed in the following 
'Row Filtering Specification' section of this document.
Some examples of  image transform filters are:
-
 [pix X * 2.0]               - multiply each pixel by 2.0
 [pix sqrt(X)]               - take the square root of each pixel
 [pix X + #ZEROPT            - add the value of the ZEROPT keyword
 [pix X>0 ? log10(X) : -99.] - if the pixel value is greater
                               than 0, compute the base 10 log,
                               else set the pixel = -99.
-
Use the letter 'X' in the expression to represent the current pixel value
in the image.  The expression is evaluated
independently for each pixel in the image and may be a function of 1) the
original pixel value, 2) the value of other pixels in the image at
a given relative offset from the position of the pixel that is being
evaluated, and 3) the value of 
any header keywords.  Header keyword values are represented
by the name of the keyword preceded by the '\#' sign.


To access the the value of adjacent pixels in the image, 
specify the (1-D) offset from the current pixel in curly brackets.  
For example
-
 [pix  (x{-1} + x + x{+1}) / 3] 
-
will replace each pixel value with the running mean of the values of that
pixel and it's 2 neighboring pixels.  Note that in this notation the image
is treated as a 1-D array, where each row of the image (or higher dimensional
cube) is appended one after another in one long array of pixels.  
It is possible to refer to pixels
in the rows above or below the current pixel by using the value of the
NAXIS1 header keyword.  For example
-
 [pix (x{-#NAXIS1} + x + x{#NAXIS1}) / 3]
-
will compute the mean of each image pixel and the pixels immediately
above and below it in the adjacent rows of the image.  
The following more complex example
creates a smoothed virtual image where each pixel 
is a 3 x 3 boxcar average of the input image pixels: 
-
  [pix (X + X{-1} + X{+1} 
      + X{-#NAXIS1} + X{-#NAXIS1 - 1} + X{-#NAXIS1 + 1}
      + X{#NAXIS1} + X{#NAXIS1 - 1} + X{#NAXIS1 + 1}) / 9.]
-
If the pixel offset
extends beyond the first or last pixel in the image, the function will
evaluate to undefined, or NULL.

For  complex  or commonly used image filtering operations,  
one  can  write the expression into an external text  file and 
then import it  into the  
filter using  the syntax '[pix @filename.txt]'.   The mathematical
expression can
extend over multiple lines of text in the  file.   
Any lines in the external text file
that begin with 2 slash characters ('//') will be ignored and may be
used to add comments into the file.

By default, the datatype of the resulting image will be the same as
the original image, but one may force a different datatype by appended
a code letter to the 'pix' keyword:
-
      pixb  -  8-bit byte    image with BITPIX =   8
      pixi  - 16-bit integer image with BITPIX =  16
      pixj  - 32-bit integer image with BITPIX =  32
      pixr  - 32-bit float   image with BITPIX = -32
      pixd  - 64-bit float   image with BITPIX = -64
-
Also by default, any other HDUs in the input file will be copied without
change to the 
output virtual FITS file, but one may discard the other HDUs by adding 
the number '1' to the 'pix' keyword (and following any optional datatype code
letter).  For example:
-
     myfile.fits[3][pixr1  sqrt(X)]
- 
will create a virtual FITS file containing only a primary array image
with 32-bit floating point pixels that have a value equal to the square 
root of the pixels in the image that is in the 3rd extension 
of the 'myfile.fits' file.



**I.  Column and Keyword Filtering Specification

The optional column/keyword filtering specifier is used to modify the
column structure and/or the header keywords in the HDU that was
selected with the previous HDU location specifier. This filtering
specifier must be enclosed in square brackets and can be distinguished
from a general row filter specifier (described below) by the fact that
it begins with the string 'col ' and is not immediately followed by an
equals sign.  The original file is not changed by this filtering
operation, and instead the modifications are made on a copy of the
input FITS file (usually in memory), which also contains a copy of all
the other HDUs in the file.  This temporary file is passed to the
application program and will persist only until the file is closed or
until the program exits, unless the outfile specifier (see above) is
also supplied.

The column/keyword filter can be used to perform the following
operations.  More than one operation may be specified by separating
them with commas or semi-colons.

\begin{itemize}

\item
Copy only a specified list of columns columns to the filtered input file.
The list of column name should be separated by commas or semi-colons.  Wild card
characters may be used in the column names to match multiple columns.
If the expression contains both a list of columns to be included and
columns to be deleted, then all the columns in the original table 
except the explicitly deleted columns will appear in the filtered
table (i.e., there is no need to explicitly list the columns to
be included if any columns are being deleted).

\item
Delete a column or keyword by listing the name preceded by a minus
sign or an exclamation mark (!), e.g., '-TIME' will delete the TIME
column if it exists, otherwise the TIME keyword.  An error is returned
if neither a column nor keyword with this name exists.  Note  that the
exclamation point,  '!', is a special UNIX character, so if it is used
on the command line rather than entered at a task prompt, it must be
preceded by a backslash to force the UNIX shell to ignore it.

\item
Rename an existing column or keyword with the syntax 'NewName ==
OldName'.  An error is returned if neither a column nor keyword with
this name exists.

\item
Append a new column or keyword to the table.  To create a column,
give the new name, optionally followed by the datatype in parentheses,
followed by a single equals sign and an  expression to be used to
compute the value (e.g., 'newcol(1J) = 0' will create a new 32-bit
integer column called 'newcol' filled with zeros).  The datatype is
specified using the same syntax that is allowed for the value of the
FITS TFORMn keyword (e.g., 'I', 'J', 'E', 'D', etc. for binary tables,
and 'I8', F12.3', 'E20.12', etc. for ASCII tables).  If the datatype is
not specified then an appropriate datatype will be chosen depending on
the form of the expression (may be a character string, logical, bit, long
integer, or double column). An appropriate vector count (in the case
of binary tables) will also be added if not explicitly specified.

When creating a new keyword, the keyword name must be preceded by a 
pound sign '\#', and the expression must evaluate to a scalar
(i.e., cannot have a column name in the expression).  The comment
string for the keyword may be specified in parentheses immediately
following the keyword name (instead of supplying a datatype as in
the case of creating a new column).  If the keyword name ends with a
pound sign '\#', then cfitsio will substitute the number of the 
most recently referenced column for the \# character .  
This is especially useful when writing
a column-related keyword like TUNITn for a newly created column,
as shown in the following examples.

COMMENT and HISTORY keywords may also be created with the following syntax:
-
   #COMMENT = 'This is a comment keyword'
   #HISTORY = 'This is a history keyword'
-
Note that the equal sign and the quote characters will be removed, so
that the resulting header keywords in these cases will look like this:
-
   COMMENT This is a comment keyword
   HISTORY This is a history keyword
-
These two special keywords are always appended to the end of the header
and will not affect any previously existing COMMENT or HISTORY keywords.

\item
Recompute (overwrite) the values in an existing column or keyword by
giving the name followed by an equals sign and an arithmetic
expression.
\end{itemize}

The expression that is used when appending or recomputing columns or
keywords can be arbitrarily complex and may be a function of other
header keyword values and other columns (in the same row).  The full
syntax and available functions for the expression are described below
in the row filter specification section.

If the expression contains both a list of columns to be included and
columns to be deleted, then all the columns in the original table 
except the explicitly deleted columns will appear in the filtered
table.  If no columns to be deleted are specified, then only the
columns that are explicitly listed will be included in the filtered
output table.  To include all the columns, add the '*' wildcard
specifier at the end of the list, as shown in the examples.

For  complex  or commonly used operations,  one  can also  place the
operations into an external text  file and import it  into the  column
filter using  the syntax '[col @filename.txt]'.   The operations can
extend over multiple lines of the  file, but multiple operations must
still be separated by commas or semi-colons.   Any lines in the external text file
that begin with 2 slash characters ('//') will be ignored and may be
used to add comments into the file.

Examples:
-
   [col Time, rate]              - only the Time and rate columns will
                                   appear in the filtered input file.

   [col Time, *raw]              - include the Time column and any other
                                   columns whose name ends with 'raw'.

   [col -TIME; Good == STATUS]   - deletes the TIME column and
                                   renames the status column to 'Good'

   [col PI=PHA * 1.1 + 0.2; #TUNIT#(column units) = 'counts';*]
                                 - creates new PI column from PHA values
                                   and also writes the TUNITn keyword
                                   for the new column.  The final '*'
                                   expression means preserve all the
                                   columns in the input table in the
                                   virtual output table;  without the '*'
                                   the output table would only contain
                                   the single 'PI' column.

   [col rate = rate/exposure, TUNIT#(&) = 'counts/s';*]
                                 - recomputes the rate column by dividing
                                   it by the EXPOSURE keyword value. This
                                   also modifies the value of the TUNITn
                                   keyword for this column. The use of the
                                   '&' character for the keyword comment
                                   string means preserve the existing
                                   comment string for that keyword. The
                                   final '*' preserves all the columns
                                   in the input table in the virtual
                                   output table.
-

**J.  Row Filtering Specification

    When entering the name of a FITS table that is to be opened by a
    program, an optional row filter may be specified to select a subset
    of the rows in the table.  A temporary new FITS file is created on
    the fly which contains only those rows for which the row filter
    expression evaluates to true.  (The primary array and any other
    extensions in the input file are also copied to the temporary
    file).  The original FITS file is closed and the new virtual file
    is opened by the application program.  The row filter expression is
    enclosed in square brackets following the file name and extension
    name (e.g., 'file.fits[events][GRADE==50]'  selects only those rows
    where the GRADE column value equals 50).   When dealing with tables
    where each row has an associated time and/or 2D spatial position,
    the row filter expression can also be used to select rows based on
    the times in a Good Time Intervals (GTI) extension, or on spatial
    position as given in a SAO-style region file.

***1.  General Syntax

    The row filtering  expression can be an arbitrarily  complex series
    of operations performed  on constants,  keyword values,  and column
    data taken from the specified FITS TABLE extension.  The expression
    must evaluate to a boolean  value for each row  of the table, where
    a value of FALSE means that the row will be excluded.

    For complex or commonly  used filters, one can place the expression
    into a text file and import it into the row filter using the syntax
    '[@filename.txt]'.  The expression can be  arbitrarily complex and
    extend over multiple lines of the file.  Any lines in the external
    text file that begin with 2 slash characters ('//') will be ignored
    and may be used to add comments into the file.

    Keyword and   column data  are referenced by   name.  Any  string of
    characters not surrounded by    quotes (ie, a constant  string)   or
    followed by   an open parentheses (ie,   a  function name)   will be
    initially interpreted   as a column  name and  its contents for the
    current row inserted into the expression.  If no such column exists,
    a keyword of that  name will be searched for  and its value used, if
    found.  To force the  name to be  interpreted as a keyword (in case
    there is both a column and keyword with the  same name), precede the
    keyword name with a single pound sign, '\#', as in '\#NAXIS2'.  Due to
    the generalities of FITS column and  keyword names, if the column or
    keyword name  contains a space or a  character which might appear as
    an arithmetic  term then enclose  the  name in '\$'  characters as in
    \$MAX PHA\$ or \#\$MAX-PHA\$.  Names are case insensitive.

    To access a table entry in a row other  than the current one, follow
    the  column's name  with  a row  offset  within  curly  braces.  For
    example, 'PHA\{-3\}' will evaluate to the value  of column PHA, 3 rows
    above  the  row currently  being processed.   One  cannot specify an
    absolute row number, only a relative offset.  Rows that fall outside
    the table will be treated as undefined, or NULLs.

    Boolean   operators can be  used in  the expression  in either their
    Fortran or C forms.  The following boolean operators are available:
-
    "equal"         .eq. .EQ. ==  "not equal"          .ne.  .NE.  !=
    "less than"     .lt. .LT. <   "less than/equal"    .le.  .LE.  <= =<
    "greater than"  .gt. .GT. >   "greater than/equal" .ge.  .GE.  >= =>
    "or"            .or. .OR. ||  "and"                .and. .AND. &&
    "negation"     .not. .NOT. !  "approx. equal(1e-7)"  ~
-

Note  that the exclamation
point,  '!', is a special UNIX character, so if it is used  on the
command line rather than entered at a task prompt, it must be  preceded
by a backslash to force the UNIX shell to ignore it.

    The expression may  also include arithmetic operators and functions.
    Trigonometric  functions use  radians,  not degrees.  The  following
    arithmetic  operators and  functions  can be  used in the expression
    (function names are case insensitive). A null value will be returned
    in case of illegal operations such as divide by zero, sqrt(negative)
    log(negative), log10(negative), arccos(.gt. 1), arcsin(.gt. 1).

-
    "addition"           +          "subtraction"          -
    "multiplication"     *          "division"             /
    "negation"           -          "exponentiation"       **   ^
    "absolute value"     abs(x)     "cosine"               cos(x)
    "sine"               sin(x)     "tangent"              tan(x)
    "arc cosine"         arccos(x)  "arc sine"             arcsin(x)
    "arc tangent"        arctan(x)  "arc tangent"          arctan2(y,x)
    "hyperbolic cos"     cosh(x)    "hyperbolic sin"       sinh(x)
    "hyperbolic tan"     tanh(x)    "round to nearest int" round(x)
    "round down to int"  floor(x)   "round up to int"      ceil(x)
    "exponential"        exp(x)     "square root"          sqrt(x)
    "natural log"        log(x)     "common log"           log10(x)
    "modulus"            x % y      "random # [0.0,1.0)"   random()
    "random Gaussian"    randomn()  "random Poisson"       randomp(x)
    "minimum"            min(x,y)   "maximum"              max(x,y)
    "cumulative sum"     accum(x)  "sequential difference" seqdiff(x)
    "if-then-else"       b?x:y
    "angular separation"  angsep(ra1,dec1,ra2,de2) (all in degrees)
    "substring"      strmid(s,p,n) "string search"         strstr(s,r)
-
Three different random number functions are provided:  random(), with no
arguments, produces a uniform random deviate between 0 and 1; randomn(),
also with no arguments, produces a normal (Gaussian) random deviate  with
zero mean and unit standard deviation; randomp(x) produces a Poisson random
deviate whose expected number of counts is X.  X may be any positive real
number of expected counts, including fractional values, but the return value
is an integer.

When the random functions are used in a vector expression, by default
the same random value will be used when evaluating each element of the vector.
If different random numbers are desired, then the name of a vector 
column should be supplied as the single argument to the random 
function (e.g., "flux + 0.1 * random(flux)", where "flux' is the
name of a vector column).  This will create a vector of 
random numbers that will be used in sequence when evaluating each 
element of the vector expression.

    An alternate syntax for the min and max functions  has only a single
    argument which  should be  a  vector value (see  below).  The result
    will be the minimum/maximum element contained within the vector.

    The accum(x) function forms the cumulative sum of x, element by element.
    Vector columns are supported simply by performing the summation process
    through all the values.  Null values are treated as 0.  The seqdiff(x) 
    function forms the sequential difference of x, element by element.  
    The first value of seqdiff is the first value of x.  A single null 
    value in x causes a pair of nulls in the output.  The seqdiff and 
    accum functions are functional inverses, i.e., seqdiff(accum(x)) == x
    as long as no null values are present.
    
In the if-then-else expression, "b?x:y", b is an explicit boolean
value or expression.  There is no automatic type conversion from
numeric to boolean values, so one needs to use "iVal!=0" instead of
merely "iVal" as the boolean argument. x and y can be any scalar data
type (including string).

    The angsep function computes the angular separation in degrees 
    between 2 celestial positions, where the first 2 parameters
    give the RA-like and Dec-like coordinates (in decimal degrees)
    of the first position, and the 3rd and 4th parameters give the
    coordinates of the second position.

The substring function strmid(S,P,N) extracts a substring from S, 
starting at string position P, with a substring length N.  The first 
character position in S is labeled as 1. If P is 0, or refers to a 
position beyond the end of S, then the extracted substring will be 
NULL.   S, P, and N may be functions of other columns.

The string search function strstr(S,R) searches for the first occurrence 
of the substring R in S.  The result is an integer, indicating the 
character position of the first match (where 1 is the first character 
position of S).  If no match is found, then strstr() returns a NULL
value.
    
    The  following  type  casting  operators  are  available,  where the
    enclosing parentheses are required and taken  from  the  C  language
    usage. Also, the integer to real casts values to double precision:
-
                "real to integer"    (int) x     (INT) x
                "integer to real"    (float) i   (FLOAT) i
-

    In addition, several constants are built in  for  use  in  numerical
    expressions:

-
        #pi              3.1415...      #e             2.7182...
        #deg             #pi/180        #row           current row number
        #null         undefined value   #snull         undefined string
-

    A  string constant must  be enclosed  in quotes  as in  'Crab'.  The
    "null" constants  are useful for conditionally  setting table values
    to a NULL, or undefined, value (eg., "col1==-99 ? \#NULL : col1").

    There is also a function for testing if  two  values  are  close  to
    each  other,  i.e.,  if  they are "near" each other to within a user
    specified tolerance. The  arguments,  value\_1  and  value\_2  can  be
    integer  or  real  and  represent  the two values who's proximity is
    being tested to be within the specified tolerance, also  an  integer
    or real:
-
                    near(value_1, value_2, tolerance)
-
    When  a  NULL, or undefined, value is encountered in the FITS table,
    the expression will evaluate to NULL unless the undefined  value  is
    not   actually   required  for  evaluation,  e.g. "TRUE  .or.  NULL" 
    evaluates to TRUE. The  following  two  functions  allow  some  NULL
    detection  and  handling:
-
         "a null value?"              ISNULL(x)
         "define a value for null"    DEFNULL(x,y)
-
    The former
    returns a boolean value of TRUE if the  argument  x  is  NULL.   The
    later  "defines"  a  value  to  be  substituted  for NULL values; it
    returns the value of x if x is not NULL, otherwise  it  returns  the
    value of y.
    
***2.  Bit Masks

    Bit  masks can be used to select out rows from bit columns (TFORMn =
    \#X) in FITS files. To represent the mask,  binary,  octal,  and  hex
    formats are allowed:

-
                 binary:   b0110xx1010000101xxxx0001
                 octal:    o720x1 -> (b111010000xxx001)
                 hex:      h0FxD  -> (b00001111xxxx1101)
-
   
    In  all  the  representations, an x or X is allowed in the mask as a
    wild card. Note that the x represents a  different  number  of  wild
    card  bits  in  each  representation.  All  representations are case
    insensitive.
    
    To construct the boolean expression using the mask  as  the  boolean
    equal  operator  described above on a bit table column. For example,
    if you had a 7 bit column named flags in a  FITS  table  and  wanted
    all  rows  having  the bit pattern 0010011, the selection expression
    would be:

-
                            flags == b0010011
    or
                            flags .eq. b10011
-

    It is also possible to test if a range of bits is  less  than,  less
    than  equal,  greater  than  and  greater than equal to a particular
    boolean value:

-
                            flags <= bxxx010xx
                            flags .gt. bxxx100xx
                            flags .le. b1xxxxxxx
-
   
    Notice the use of the x bit value to limit the range of  bits  being
    compared.
    
    It  is  not necessary to specify the leading (most significant) zero
    (0) bits in the mask, as shown in the second expression above.
    
    Bit wise AND, OR and NOT operations are  also  possible  on  two  or
    more  bit  fields  using  the  '\&'(AND),  '$|$'(OR),  and the '!'(NOT)
    operators. All of these operators result in a bit  field  which  can
    then be used with the equal operator. For example:

-
                          (!flags) == b1101100
                          (flags & b1000001) == bx000001
-

    Bit  fields can be appended as well using the '+' operator.  Strings
    can be concatenated this way, too.
    
***3.  Vector Columns

    Vector columns can also be used  in  building  the  expression.   No
    special  syntax  is required if one wants to operate on all elements
    of the vector.  Simply use the column name as for a  scalar  column.
    Vector  columns  can  be  freely  intermixed  with scalar columns or
    constants in virtually all expressions.  The result will be  of  the
    same dimension as the vector.  Two vectors in an expression, though,
    need to  have  the  same  number  of  elements  and  have  the  same
    dimensions.   The  only  places  a vector column cannot be used (for
    now, anyway) are the SAO  region  functions  and  the  NEAR  boolean
    function.

    Arithmetic and logical operations are all performed on an element by
    element basis.  Comparing two vector columns,  eg  "COL1  ==  COL2",
    thus  results  in  another vector of boolean values indicating which
    elements of the two vectors are equal.  

    Eight functions are available that operate on a vector and return a
    scalar result:
-
    "minimum"      MIN(V)          "maximum"               MAX(V)
    "average"      AVERAGE(V)      "median"                MEDIAN(V)
    "summation"    SUM(V)          "standard deviation"    STDDEV(V)
    "# of values"  NELEM(V)        "# of non-null values"  NVALID(V)
-
    where V represents the name of a vector column or a manually 
    constructed vector using curly brackets as described below.  The
    first 6 of these functions ignore any null values in the vector when
    computing the result.  The STDDEV() function computes the sample 
    standard deviation, i.e. it is proportional to 1/SQRT(N-1) instead 
    of 1/SQRT(N), where N is NVALID(V).
    
    The SUM function literally sums all  the elements in x,  returning a 
    scalar value.   If x  is  a  boolean  vector, SUM returns the number
    of TRUE elements. The NELEM function  returns the number of elements
    in vector x whereas NVALID return the number of non-null elements in
    the  vector.   (NELEM  also  operates  on  bit  and string  columns, 
    returning their column widths.)  As an example, to  test whether all 
    elements of two vectors satisfy a  given logical comparison, one can
    use the expression
-
              SUM( COL1 > COL2 ) == NELEM( COL1 )
-

    which will return TRUE if all elements  of  COL1  are  greater  than
    their corresponding elements in COL2.
    
    To  specify  a  single  element  of  a  vector, give the column name
    followed by  a  comma-separated  list  of  coordinates  enclosed  in
    square  brackets.  For example, if a vector column named PHAS exists
    in the table as a one dimensional, 256  component  list  of  numbers
    from  which  you  wanted to select the 57th component for use in the
    expression, then PHAS[57] would do the  trick.   Higher  dimensional
    arrays  of  data  may appear in a column.  But in order to interpret
    them, the TDIMn keyword must appear in the header.  Assuming that  a
    (4,4,4,4)  array  is packed into each row of a column named ARRAY4D,
    the  (1,2,3,4)  component  element  of  each  row  is  accessed   by 
    ARRAY4D[1,2,3,4].    Arrays   up   to   dimension  5  are  currently 
    supported.  Each vector index can itself be an expression,  although
    it  must  evaluate  to  an  integer  value  within the bounds of the
    vector.  Vector columns which contain spaces or arithmetic operators
    must   have   their   names  enclosed  in  "\$"  characters  as  with 
    \$ARRAY-4D\$[1,2,3,4].
    
    A  more  C-like  syntax  for  specifying  vector  indices  is   also 
    available.   The element used in the preceding example alternatively
    could be specified with the syntax  ARRAY4D[4][3][2][1].   Note  the
    reverse  order  of  indices  (as in C), as well as the fact that the
    values are still ones-based (as  in  Fortran  --  adopted  to  avoid
    ambiguity  for  1D vectors).  With this syntax, one does not need to
    specify all of the indices.  To  extract  a  3D  slice  of  this  4D
    array, use ARRAY4D[4].
    
    Variable-length vector columns are not supported.
    
    Vectors can  be manually constructed  within the expression  using a
    comma-separated list of  elements surrounded by curly braces ('\{\}').
    For example, '\{1,3,6,1\}' is a 4-element vector containing the values
    1, 3, 6, and 1.  The  vector can contain  only boolean, integer, and
    real values (or expressions).  The elements will  be promoted to the
    highest  datatype   present.  Any   elements   which  are themselves
    vectors, will be expanded out with  each of its elements becoming an
    element in the constructed vector.

***4.  Good Time Interval Filtering

    A common filtering method involves selecting rows which have a time
    value which lies within what is called a Good Time Interval or GTI.
    The time intervals are defined in a separate FITS table extension
    which contains 2 columns giving the start and stop time of each
    good interval.  The filtering operation accepts only those rows of
    the input table which have an associated time which falls within
    one of the time intervals defined in the GTI extension. A high
    level function, gtifilter(a,b,c,d), is available which evaluates
    each row of the input table  and returns TRUE  or FALSE depending
    whether the row is inside or outside the  good time interval.  The
    syntax is
-
      gtifilter( [ "gtifile" [, expr [, "STARTCOL", "STOPCOL" ] ] ] )
-
    where  each "[]" demarks optional parameters.  Note that  the quotes
    around the gtifile and START/STOP column are required.  Either single
    or double quotes may be used.  In cases where this expression is 
    entered on the Unix command line, enclose the entire expression in
    double quotes, and then use single quotes within the expression to
    enclose the 'gtifile' and other terms.  It is also usually possible
    to do the reverse, and enclose the whole expression in single quotes
    and then use double quotes within the expression.  The gtifile,
    if specified,  can be blank  ("") which will  mean to use  the first
    extension  with   the name "*GTI*"  in   the current  file,  a plain
    extension  specifier (eg, "+2",  "[2]", or "[STDGTI]") which will be
    used  to  select  an extension  in  the current  file, or  a regular
    filename with or without an extension  specifier which in the latter
    case  will mean to  use the first  extension  with an extension name
    "*GTI*".  Expr can be   any arithmetic expression, including  simply
    the time  column  name.  A  vector  time expression  will  produce a
    vector boolean  result.  STARTCOL and  STOPCOL are the  names of the
    START/STOP   columns in the    GTI extension.  If   one  of them  is
    specified, they both  must be.

    In  its  simplest form, no parameters need to be provided -- default
    values will be used.  The expression "gtifilter()" is equivalent to
-   
       gtifilter( "", TIME, "*START*", "*STOP*" )
-    
    This will search the current file for a GTI  extension,  filter  the
    TIME  column in the current table, using START/STOP times taken from
    columns in the GTI  extension  with  names  containing  the  strings
    "START"  and "STOP".  The wildcards ('*') allow slight variations in
    naming conventions  such  as  "TSTART"  or  "STARTTIME".   The  same
    default  values  apply for unspecified parameters when the first one
    or  two  parameters  are  specified.   The  function   automatically 
    searches   for   TIMEZERO/I/F   keywords  in  the  current  and  GTI 
    extensions, applying a relative time offset, if necessary.

***5.  Spatial Region Filtering

    Another common  filtering method selects rows based on whether the
    spatial position associated with each row is located within a given 
    2-dimensional region.  The syntax for this high-level filter is
-
       regfilter( "regfilename" [ , Xexpr, Yexpr [ , "wcs cols" ] ] )
-
    where each "[]" demarks optional parameters. The region file name
    is required and must be  enclosed in quotes.  The remaining
    parameters are optional.  There are 2 supported formats for the
    region file: ASCII file or FITS binary table.  The region file 
    contains a list of one or more geometric shapes (circle,
    ellipse, box, etc.) which defines a region on the celestial sphere
    or an area within a particular 2D image.  The region file is
    typically generated using an image display program such as fv/POW
    (distribute by the HEASARC), or ds9 (distributed by the Smithsonian
    Astrophysical Observatory).  Users should refer to the documentation
    provided with these programs for more details on the syntax used in
    the region files.  The FITS region file format is defined in a document
    available from the FITS Support Office at 
    http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/ registry/ region.html

    In its simplest form, (e.g., regfilter("region.reg") ) the
    coordinates in the default 'X' and 'Y' columns will be used to
    determine if each row is inside or outside the area specified in
    the region file.  Alternate position column names, or expressions,
    may be entered if needed, as in
-
        regfilter("region.reg", XPOS, YPOS)
-
    Region filtering can be applied most unambiguously if the positions
    in the region file and in the table to be filtered are both give in
    terms of absolute celestial coordinate units.  In this case the
    locations and sizes of the geometric shapes in the region file are
    specified in angular units on the sky (e.g., positions given in
    R.A. and Dec.  and sizes in arcseconds or arcminutes).  Similarly,
    each row of the filtered table will have a celestial coordinate
    associated with it.  This association is usually implemented using
    a set of so-called 'World Coordinate System' (or WCS) FITS keywords
    that define the coordinate transformation that must be applied to
    the values in the 'X' and 'Y' columns to calculate the coordinate.

    Alternatively, one can perform spatial filtering using unitless
    'pixel' coordinates for the regions and row positions.  In this
    case the user must be careful to ensure that the positions in the 2
    files are self-consistent.  A typical problem is that the region
    file may be generated using a binned image, but the unbinned
    coordinates are given in the event table.  The ROSAT events files,
    for example, have X and Y pixel coordinates that range from 1 -
    15360.  These coordinates are typically binned by a factor of 32 to
    produce a 480x480 pixel image.  If one then uses a region file
    generated from this image (in image pixel units) to filter the
    ROSAT events file, then the X and Y column values must be converted
    to corresponding pixel units as in:
-
        regfilter("rosat.reg", X/32.+.5, Y/32.+.5)
-
    Note that this binning conversion is not necessary if the region
    file is specified using celestial coordinate units instead of pixel
    units because CFITSIO is then able to directly compare the
    celestial coordinate of each row in the table with the celestial
    coordinates in the region file without having to know anything
    about how the image may have been binned.

    The last "wcs cols" parameter should rarely be needed. If supplied,
    this  string contains the names of the 2 columns (space or comma
    separated) which have the associated WCS keywords. If not supplied,
    the filter  will scan the X  and Y expressions for column names.
    If only one is found in each  expression, those columns will be
    used, otherwise an error will be returned.

    These region shapes are supported (names are case insensitive):
-
       Point         ( X1, Y1 )               <- One pixel square region
       Line          ( X1, Y1, X2, Y2 )       <- One pixel wide region
       Polygon       ( X1, Y1, X2, Y2, ... )  <- Rest are interiors with
       Rectangle     ( X1, Y1, X2, Y2, A )       | boundaries considered
       Box           ( Xc, Yc, Wdth, Hght, A )   V within the region
       Diamond       ( Xc, Yc, Wdth, Hght, A )
       Circle        ( Xc, Yc, R )
       Annulus       ( Xc, Yc, Rin, Rout )
       Ellipse       ( Xc, Yc, Rx, Ry, A )
       Elliptannulus ( Xc, Yc, Rinx, Riny, Routx, Routy, Ain, Aout )
       Sector        ( Xc, Yc, Amin, Amax )
-
    where (Xc,Yc) is  the coordinate of  the shape's center; (X\#,Y\#) are
    the coordinates  of the shape's edges;  Rxxx are the shapes' various
    Radii or semi-major/minor  axes; and Axxx  are the angles of rotation
    (or bounding angles for Sector) in degrees.  For rotated shapes, the
    rotation angle  can  be left  off, indicating  no rotation.   Common
    alternate  names for the regions  can also be  used: rotbox = box;
    rotrectangle = rectangle;  (rot)rhombus = (rot)diamond;  and pie
    = sector.  When a  shape's name is  preceded by a minus sign, '-',
    the defined region  is instead the area  *outside* its boundary (ie,
    the region is inverted).  All the shapes within a single region
    file are OR'd together to create the region, and the order is
    significant. The overall way of looking at region files is that if
    the first region is an excluded region then a dummy included region
    of the whole detector is inserted in the front. Then each region
    specification as it is processed overrides any selections inside of
    that region specified by previous regions. Another way of thinking
    about this is that if a previous excluded region is completely
    inside of a subsequent included region the excluded region is
    ignored.

    The positional coordinates may be given either in pixel units,
    decimal degrees or hh:mm:ss.s, dd:mm:ss.s units.  The shape sizes
    may be given in pixels, degrees, arcminutes, or arcseconds.  Look
    at examples of region file produced by fv/POW or ds9 for further
    details of the region file format.

    There are three functions that are primarily for use with SAO region
    files and the  FSAOI  task, but they  can  be  used  directly.  They
    return  a  boolean true   or  false  depending   on  whether a   two
    dimensional point is in the region or not:
-
    "point in a circular region"
          circle(xcntr,ycntr,radius,Xcolumn,Ycolumn)
    
    "point in an elliptical region"
         ellipse(xcntr,ycntr,xhlf_wdth,yhlf_wdth,rotation,Xcolumn,Ycolumn)
    
    "point in a rectangular region"
             box(xcntr,ycntr,xfll_wdth,yfll_wdth,rotation,Xcolumn,Ycolumn)
    
    where 
       (xcntr,ycntr) are the (x,y) position of the center of the region
       (xhlf_wdth,yhlf_wdth) are the (x,y) half widths of the region
       (xfll_wdth,yfll_wdth) are the (x,y) full widths of the region
       (radius) is half the diameter of the circle
       (rotation) is the angle(degrees) that the region is rotated with
             respect to (xcntr,ycntr)
       (Xcoord,Ycoord) are the (x,y) coordinates to test, usually column
             names
       NOTE: each parameter can itself be an expression, not merely a
             column name or constant.
-

***5.  Example Row Filters
-
    [ binary && mag <= 5.0]        - Extract all binary stars brighter
                                     than  fifth magnitude (note that
                                     the initial space is necessary to
                                     prevent it from being treated as a
                                     binning specification)

    [#row >= 125 && #row <= 175]   - Extract row numbers 125 through 175

    [IMAGE[4,5] .gt. 100]          - Extract all rows that have the
                                     (4,5) component of the IMAGE column
                                     greater than 100

    [abs(sin(theta * #deg)) < 0.5] - Extract all rows having the
                                     absolute value of the sine of theta
                                     less  than a half where the angles
                                     are tabulated in degrees

    [SUM( SPEC > 3*BACKGRND )>=1]  - Extract all rows containing a
                                     spectrum, held in vector column
                                     SPEC, with at least one value 3
                                     times greater than the background
                                     level held in a keyword, BACKGRND

    [VCOL=={1,4,2}]                - Extract all rows whose vector column
                                     VCOL contains the 3-elements 1, 4, and
                                     2.

    [@rowFilter.txt]               - Extract rows using the expression
                                     contained within the text file
                                     rowFilter.txt

    [gtifilter()]                  - Search the current file for a GTI
				     extension,  filter  the TIME
				     column in the current table, using
				     START/STOP times taken from
				     columns in the GTI  extension

    [regfilter("pow.reg")]         - Extract rows which have a coordinate
                                     (as given in the X and Y columns) 
                                     within the spatial region specified
                                     in the pow.reg region file. 

    [regfilter("pow.reg", Xs, Ys)] - Same as above, except that the
                                     Xs and Ys columns will be used to 
                                     determine the coordinate of each
                                     row in the table.
-

**K.   Binning or Histogramming Specification

The optional binning specifier is enclosed in square brackets and can
be distinguished from a general row filter specification by the fact
that it begins with the keyword 'bin'  not immediately followed by an
equals sign.  When binning is specified, a temporary N-dimensional FITS
primary array is created by computing the histogram of the values in
the specified columns of a FITS table extension.  After the histogram
is computed the input FITS file containing the table is then closed and
the temporary FITS primary array is opened and passed to the
application program.  Thus, the application program never sees the
original FITS table and only sees the image in the new temporary file
(which has no additional extensions).  Obviously, the application
program must be expecting to open a FITS image and not a FITS table in
this case.

The data type of the FITS histogram image may be specified by appending
'b' (for 8-bit byte), 'i' (for 16-bit integers), 'j' (for 32-bit
integer), 'r' (for 32-bit floating points), or 'd' (for 64-bit double
precision floating point)  to the 'bin' keyword (e.g. '[binr X]'
creates a real floating point image).  If the datatype is not
explicitly specified then a 32-bit integer image will be created by
default, unless the weighting option is also specified in which case
the image will have a 32-bit floating point data type by default.

The histogram image may have from 1 to 4 dimensions (axes), depending
on the number of columns that are specified.  The general form of the
binning specification is:
-
 [bin{bijrd}  Xcol=min:max:binsize, Ycol= ..., Zcol=..., Tcol=...; weight]
-
in which up to 4 columns, each corresponding to an axis of the image,
are listed. The column names are case insensitive, and the column
number may be given instead of the name, preceded by a pound sign
(e.g., [bin \#4=1:512]).  If the column name is not specified, then
CFITSIO will first try to use the 'preferred column' as specified by
the CPREF keyword if it exists (e.g., 'CPREF = 'DETX,DETY'), otherwise
column names 'X', 'Y', 'Z', and 'T' will be assumed for each of the 4
axes, respectively.  In cases where the column name could be confused
with an arithmetic expression, enclose the column name in parentheses to
force the name to be interpreted literally.

Each column name may be followed by an equals sign and then the lower
and upper range of the histogram, and the size of the histogram bins,
separated by colons.  Spaces are allowed before and after the equals
sign but not within the 'min:max:binsize' string.  The min, max and
binsize values may be integer or floating point numbers, or they may be
the names of keywords in the header of the table.  If the latter, then
the value of that keyword is substituted into the expression.

Default values for the min, max and binsize quantities will be
used if not explicitly given in the binning expression as shown
in these examples:
-
    [bin x = :512:2]  - use default minimum value
    [bin x = 1::2]    - use default maximum value
    [bin x = 1:512]   - use default bin size
    [bin x = 1:]      - use default maximum value and bin size
    [bin x = :512]    - use default minimum value and bin size
    [bin x = 2]       - use default minimum and maximum values
    [bin x]           - use default minimum, maximum and bin size
    [bin 4]           - default 2-D image, bin size = 4 in both axes
    [bin]             - default 2-D image
-
CFITSIO  will use the value of the TLMINn, TLMAXn, and TDBINn keywords,
if they exist, for the default min, max, and binsize, respectively.  If
they do not exist then CFITSIO will use the actual minimum and maximum
values in the column for the histogram min and max values.  The default
binsize will be set to 1, or (max - min) / 10., whichever is smaller,
so that the histogram will have at least 10 bins along each axis.

A shortcut notation is allowed if all the columns/axes have the same
binning specification.  In this case all the column names may be listed
within parentheses, followed by the (single) binning specification, as
in:
-
    [bin (X,Y)=1:512:2]
    [bin (X,Y) = 5]
-

The optional weighting factor is the last item in the binning specifier
and, if present, is separated from the list of columns by a
semi-colon.  As the histogram is accumulated, this weight is used to
incremented the value of the appropriated bin in the histogram.  If the
weighting factor is not specified, then the default weight = 1 is
assumed.  The weighting factor may be a constant integer or floating
point number, or the name of a keyword containing the weighting value.
Or the weighting factor may be the name of a table column in which case
the value in that column, on a row by row basis, will be used.

In some cases, the column or keyword may give the reciprocal of the
actual weight value that is needed.  In this case, precede the weight
keyword or column name by a slash '/' to tell CFITSIO to use the
reciprocal of the value when constructing the histogram. 

For  complex or commonly  used  histograms, one  can also  place its
description  into  a  text  file and  import   it  into  the binning
specification  using the  syntax '[bin  @filename.txt]'.  The file's
contents  can extend over   multiple lines, although  it must still
conform to the  no-spaces rule  for the min:max:binsize syntax and each
axis specification must still be comma-separated.  Any lines in the
external text file that begin with 2 slash characters ('//') will be
ignored and may be used to add comments into the file.

 Examples:

-
    [bini detx, dety]                - 2-D, 16-bit integer histogram
                                       of DETX and DETY columns, using
                                       default values for the histogram
                                       range and binsize

    [bin (detx, dety)=16; /exposure] - 2-D, 32-bit real histogram of DETX
                                       and DETY columns with a bin size = 16
                                       in both axes. The histogram values
                                       are divided by the EXPOSURE keyword
                                       value.

    [bin time=TSTART:TSTOP:0.1]      - 1-D lightcurve, range determined by
                                       the TSTART and TSTOP keywords, 
                                       with 0.1 unit size bins.  
 
    [bin pha, time=8000.:8100.:0.1]  - 2-D image using default binning
                                       of the PHA column for the X axis,
                                       and 1000 bins in the range 
                                       8000. to 8100. for the Y axis.
    
    [bin @binFilter.txt]             - Use the contents of the text file
                                       binFilter.txt for the binning
                                       specifications.

-


*V.  Template Files

When a new FITS file is created with a call to fits\_create\_file, the
name of a template file may be supplied in parentheses immediately
following the name of the new file to be created.  This template is
used to define the structure of one or more HDUs in the new file.  The
template file may be another FITS file, in which case the newly created
file will have exactly the same keywords in each HDU as in the template
FITS file, but all the data units will be filled with zeros.  The
template file may also be an ASCII text file, where each line (in
general) describes one FITS keyword record.  The format of the ASCII
template file is described in the following sections.

**A   Detailed Template Line Format

The format of each ASCII template line closely follows the format of a
FITS keyword record:
-
  KEYWORD = KEYVALUE / COMMENT
-
except that free format may be used (e.g., the equals sign may appear
at any position in the line) and TAB characters are allowed and are
treated the same as space characters.  The KEYVALUE and COMMENT fields
are optional.  The equals sign character is also optional, but it is
recommended that it be included for clarity.  Any template line that
begins with the pound '\#' character is ignored by the template parser
and may be use to insert comments into the template file itself.

The KEYWORD name field is limited to 8 characters in length and only
the letters A-Z, digits 0-9, and the hyphen and underscore characters
may be used, without any embedded spaces. Lowercase letters in the
template keyword name will be converted to uppercase.  Leading spaces
in the template line preceding the keyword name are generally ignored,
except if the first 8 characters of a template line are all blank, then
the entire line is treated as a FITS comment keyword (with a blank
keyword name) and is copied verbatim into the FITS header.

The KEYVALUE field may have any allowed  FITS  data type: character
string, logical, integer, real, complex integer, or complex real.  Integer
values must be within the allowed range of a 'signed long' variable;  
some C compilers only suppport 4-byte long integers with a range 
from -2147483648 to +2147483647, whereas other C compilers support 8-byte
integers with a range of plus or minus 2**63.  

The character string values need not be enclosed in single quote characters
unless they are necessary to distinguish the string from a different
data type (e.g.  2.0 is a real but '2.0' is a string).  The keyword has
an undefined (null) value if the template record only contains blanks
following the "=" or between the "=" and the "/" comment field
delimiter.

String keyword values longer than 68 characters (the maximum length
that will fit in a single FITS keyword record) are permitted using the
CFITSIO long string convention. They can either be specified as a
single long line in the template, or by using multiple lines where the
continuing lines contain the 'CONTINUE' keyword, as in this example:
- 
  LONGKEY = 'This is a long string value that is contin&'
  CONTINUE  'ued over 2 records' / comment field goes here
-
The format of template lines with CONTINUE keyword is very strict:  3
spaces must follow CONTINUE and the rest of the line is copied verbatim
to the FITS file.

The start of the optional COMMENT field must be preceded by "/", which
is used to separate it from the keyword value field. Exceptions are if
the KEYWORD name field contains COMMENT, HISTORY, CONTINUE, or if the
first 8 characters of the template line are blanks.

More than one Header-Data Unit (HDU) may be defined in the template
file.  The start of an HDU definition is denoted with a SIMPLE or
XTENSION template line:

1) SIMPLE begins a Primary HDU definition. SIMPLE may only appear as
the  first keyword in the template file. If the template file begins
with XTENSION instead of SIMPLE, then a default empty Primary HDU is
created, and the template is then assumed to define the keywords
starting with the first extension following the Primary HDU.

2) XTENSION marks the beginning of a new extension HDU definition.  The
previous HDU will be closed at this point and processing of the next
extension begins.

**B   Auto-indexing of Keywords

If a template keyword name ends with a "\#" character, it is said to be
'auto-indexed'.   Each "\#" character will be replaced by the current
integer index value, which gets reset = 1 at the start of each new HDU
in the file (or 7 in the special case of a GROUP definition).  The
FIRST indexed keyword in each template HDU definition is used as the
'incrementor';  each subsequent occurrence of this SAME keyword will
cause the index value to be incremented.  This behavior can be rather
subtle, as illustrated in the following examples in which the TTYPE
keyword is the incrementor in both cases:
-
  TTYPE# = TIME
  TFORM# = 1D
  TTYPE# = RATE
  TFORM# = 1E
-
will create TTYPE1, TFORM1, TTYPE2, and TFORM2 keywords.  But if the
template looks like,
-
  TTYPE# = TIME
  TTYPE# = RATE
  TFORM# = 1D
  TFORM# = 1E
-
this results in a FITS files with  TTYPE1, TTYPE2, TFORM2, and TFORM2,
which is probably not what was intended!

**C   Template Parser Directives

In addition to the template lines which define individual keywords, the
template parser recognizes 3 special directives which are each preceded
by the backslash character:  \verb+ \include, \group+, and \verb+ \end+.

The 'include' directive must be followed by a filename. It forces the
parser to temporarily stop reading the current template file and begin
reading the include file. Once the parser reaches the end of the
include file it continues parsing the current template file.  Include
files can be nested, and HDU definitions can span multiple template
files.

The start of a GROUP definition is denoted with the 'group' directive,
and the end of a GROUP definition is denoted with the 'end' directive.
Each GROUP contains 0 or more member blocks (HDUs or GROUPs). Member
blocks of type GROUP can contain their own member blocks. The GROUP
definition itself occupies one FITS file HDU of special type (GROUP
HDU), so if a template specifies 1 group with 1 member HDU like:
-
\group
grpdescr = 'demo'
xtension bintable
# this bintable has 0 cols, 0 rows
\end
-
then the parser creates a FITS file with 3 HDUs :
-
1) dummy PHDU
2) GROUP HDU (has 1 member, which is bintable in HDU number 3)
3) bintable (member of GROUP in HDU number 2)
-
Technically speaking, the GROUP HDU is a BINTABLE with 6 columns. Applications
can define additional columns in a GROUP HDU using TFORMn and TTYPEn
(where n is 7, 8, ....) keywords or their auto-indexing equivalents.

For a more complicated example of a template file using the group directives,
look at the sample.tpl file that is included in the CFITSIO distribution.

**D   Formal Template Syntax

The template syntax can formally be defined as follows:
-
    TEMPLATE = BLOCK [ BLOCK ... ]

       BLOCK = { HDU | GROUP }

       GROUP = \GROUP [ BLOCK ... ] \END

         HDU = XTENSION [ LINE ... ] { XTENSION | \GROUP | \END | EOF }

        LINE = [ KEYWORD [ = ] ] [ VALUE ] [ / COMMENT ]

    X ...     - X can be present 1 or more times
    { X | Y } - X or Y
    [ X ]     - X is optional
-

At the topmost level, the template defines 1 or more template blocks. Blocks
can be either HDU (Header Data Unit) or a GROUP. For each block the parser
creates 1 (or more for GROUPs) FITS file HDUs.


**E   Errors

In general the fits\_execute\_template() function tries to be as atomic
as possible, so either everything is done or nothing is done. If an
error occurs during parsing of the template, fits\_execute\_template()
will (try to) delete the top level BLOCK (with all its children if any)
in which the error occurred, then it will stop reading the template file
and it will return with an error.

**F   Examples

1. This template file will create a 200 x 300 pixel image, with 4-byte
integer pixel values, in the primary HDU:
-
  SIMPLE = T 
  BITPIX = 32
  NAXIS = 2     / number of dimensions
  NAXIS1 = 100  / length of first axis
  NAXIS2 = 200  / length of second axis
  OBJECT = NGC 253 / name of observed object
-
The allowed values of BITPIX are 8, 16, 32, -32, or -64,
representing, respectively, 8-bit integer, 16-bit integer, 32-bit
integer, 32-bit floating point, or 64 bit floating point pixels.

2.  To create a FITS  table, the template first needs to include
XTENSION = TABLE or BINTABLE to define whether it is an ASCII or binary
table, and NAXIS2 to define the number of rows in the table.  Two
template lines are then needed to define the name (TTYPEn) and FITS data
format (TFORMn) of the columns, as in this example:
-
  xtension = bintable
  naxis2 = 40
  ttype# = Name
  tform# = 10a
  ttype# = Npoints
  tform# = j
  ttype# = Rate
  tunit# = counts/s
  tform# = e
-
The above example defines a null primary array followed by a 40-row
binary table extension with 3 columns called 'Name', 'Npoints', and
'Rate', with data formats of '10A' (ASCII character string), '1J'
(integer) and '1E' (floating point), respectively.  Note that the other
required FITS keywords (BITPIX, NAXIS, NAXIS1, PCOUNT, GCOUNT, TFIELDS,
and END) do not need to be explicitly defined in the template because
their values can be inferred from the other keywords in the template.
This example also illustrates that the templates are generally
case-insensitive (the keyword names and TFORMn values are converted to
upper-case in the FITS file) and that string keyword values generally
do not need to be enclosed in quotes.

     
*IX    Summary of all FITSIO User-Interface Subroutines 

 Error Status Routines  page~\pageref{FTVERS}
-
        FTVERS( > version)
        FTGERR(status, > errtext)
        FTGMSG( > errmsg)
        FTRPRT (stream, > status)
        FTPMSG(errmsg)
        FTPMRK
        FTCMSG
        FTCMRK
-
 FITS File Open and Close Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTOPEN}
-
        FTOPEN(unit,filename,rwmode, > blocksize,status)
        FTDKOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > blocksize,status)
        FTNOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTDOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTTOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTIOPN(unit,filename,rwmode, > status)
        FTREOPEN(unit, > newunit, status)
        FTINIT(unit,filename,blocksize, > status)
        FTDKINIT(unit,filename,blocksize, > status)
        FTTPLT(unit, filename, tplfilename, > status)
        FTFLUS(unit, > status)
        FTCLOS(unit, > status)
        FTDELT(unit, > status)
        FTGIOU( > iounit, status)
        FTFIOU(iounit, > status)
	CFITS2Unit(fitsfile *ptr)   (C routine)
        CUnit2FITS(int unit)        (C routine)
        FTEXTN(filename, > nhdu, status)
        FTFLNM(unit, > filename, status)
        FTFLMD(unit, > iomode, status)
        FTURLT(unit, > urltype, status)
        FTIURL(filename, > filetype, infile, outfile, extspec, filter, 
               binspec, colspec, status)
        FTRTNM(filename, > rootname, status)
        FTEXIST(filename, > exist, status)
-
 HDU-Level Operations: page~\pageref{FTMAHD}
-
        FTMAHD(unit,nhdu, > hdutype,status)
        FTMRHD(unit,nmove, > hdutype,status)  
        FTGHDN(unit, > nhdu)
        FTMNHD(unit, hdutype, extname, extver, > status)
        FTGHDT(unit, > hdutype, status)
        FTTHDU(unit, > hdunum, status)
        FTCRHD(unit, > status)
        FTIIMG(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes, > status) 
        FTITAB(unit,rowlen,nrows,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,extname, >
               status)
        FTIBIN(unit,nrows,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat > status)
        FTRSIM(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes,status)
        FTDHDU(unit, > hdutype,status)
        FTCPFL(iunit,ounit,previous, current, following, > status)
        FTCOPY(iunit,ounit,morekeys, > status)
        FTCPHD(inunit, outunit, > status)
        FTCPDT(iunit,ounit, > status)
-
 Subroutines to specify or modify the structure of the CHDU: page~\pageref{FTRDEF}
-
        FTRDEF(unit, > status)  (DEPRECATED)
        FTPDEF(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes,pcount,gcount, > status)  (DEPRECATED)
        FTADEF(unit,rowlen,tfields,tbcol,tform,nrows > status)  (DEPRECATED)
        FTBDEF(unit,tfields,tform,varidat,nrows > status)  (DEPRECATED)
        FTDDEF(unit,bytlen, > status)  (DEPRECATED)
        FTPTHP(unit,theap, > status)
-
 Header Space and Position Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTHDEF}
-
        FTHDEF(unit,morekeys, > status)
        FTGHSP(iunit, > keysexist,keysadd,status)
        FTGHPS(iunit, > keysexist,key_no,status)
-
 Read or Write Standard Header Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTPHPR}
-
        FTPHPS(unit,bitpix,naxis,naxes, > status)
        FTPHPR(unit,simple,bitpix,naxis,naxes,pcount,gcount,extend, > status)
        FTGHPR(unit,maxdim, > simple,bitpix,naxis,naxes,pcount,gcount,extend,
               status)
        FTPHTB(unit,rowlen,nrows,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,extname, >
               status)
        FTGHTB(unit,maxdim, > rowlen,nrows,tfields,ttype,tbcol,tform,tunit,
               extname,status)
        FTPHBN(unit,nrows,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat > status)
        FTGHBN(unit,maxdim, > nrows,tfields,ttype,tform,tunit,extname,varidat,
               status)
-
 Write Keyword Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTPREC}
-
        FTPREC(unit,card, > status)
        FTPCOM(unit,comment, > status)
        FTPHIS(unit,history, > status)
        FTPDAT(unit, > status)
        FTPKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTPKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)  
        FTPKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTPLSW(unit, > status)
        FTPKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
        FTPKN[JKLS](unit,keyroot,startno,no_keys,keyvals,comments, > status)
        FTPKN[EDFG](unit,keyroot,startno,no_keys,keyvals,decimals,comments, > 
                   status)
        FTCPKYinunit, outunit, innum, outnum, keyroot, > status)
        FTPKYT(unit,keyword,intval,dblval,comment, > status)
        FTPKTP(unit, filename, > status)
        FTPUNT(unit,keyword,units, > status)
-
 Insert Keyword Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTIREC}
-
        FTIREC(unit,key_no,card, > status)
        FTIKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTIKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTIKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)  
        FTIKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
-
 Read Keyword Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTGREC}
-
        FTGREC(unit,key_no, > card,status)
        FTGKYN(unit,key_no, > keyword,value,comment,status)
        FTGCRD(unit,keyword, > card,status)
        FTGNXK(unit,inclist,ninc,exclist,nexc, > card,status)
        FTGKEY(unit,keyword, > value,comment,status) 
        FTGKY[EDJKLS](unit,keyword, > keyval,comment,status)
        FTGKSL(unit,keyword, > length,status)
        FTGSKY(unit,keyword,firstchar,maxchar,> keyval,length,comment,status)
        FTGKN[EDJKLS](unit,keyroot,startno,max_keys, > keyvals,nfound,status)
        FTGKYT(unit,keyword, > intval,dblval,comment,status)
        FTGUNT(unit,keyword, > units,status)
-
 Modify Keyword Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTMREC}
-
        FTMREC(unit,key_no,card, > status)
        FTMCRD(unit,keyword,card, > status)
        FTMNAM(unit,oldkey,keyword, > status)
        FTMCOM(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
        FTMKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTMKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTMKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)
        FTMKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
-
 Update Keyword Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTUCRD}
-
        FTUCRD(unit,keyword,card, > status)
        FTUKY[JKLS](unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTUKLS(unit,keyword,keyval,comment, > status)
        FTUKY[EDFG](unit,keyword,keyval,decimals,comment, > status)
        FTUKYU(unit,keyword,comment, > status)
-
 Delete Keyword Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTDREC}
-
        FTDREC(unit,key_no, > status)
        FTDKEY(unit,keyword, > status)
-
 Define Data Scaling Parameters and Undefined Pixel Flags: page~\pageref{FTPSCL}
-
        FTPSCL(unit,bscale,bzero, > status)
        FTTSCL(unit,colnum,tscal,tzero, > status)
        FTPNUL(unit,blank, > status)
        FTSNUL(unit,colnum,snull > status)
        FTTNUL(unit,colnum,tnull > status)
-
 FITS Primary Array or IMAGE Extension I/O Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTPPR}
-
        FTGIDT(unit, > bitpix,status)
        FTGIET(unit, > bitpix,status)
        FTGIDM(unit, > naxis,status)
        FTGISZ(unit, maxdim, > naxes,status)
        FTGIPR(unit, maxdim, > bitpix,naxis,naxes,status)
        FTPPR[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,values, > status)
        FTPPN[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,values,nullval > status)
        FTPPRU(unit,group,fpixel,nelements, > status)
        FTGPV[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements,nullval, > values,anyf,status)
        FTGPF[BIJKED](unit,group,fpixel,nelements, > values,flagvals,anyf,status)
        FTPGP[BIJKED](unit,group,fparm,nparm,values, > status)
        FTGGP[BIJKED](unit,group,fparm,nparm, > values,status)
        FTP2D[BIJKED](unit,group,dim1,naxis1,naxis2,image, > status)
        FTP3D[BIJKED](unit,group,dim1,dim2,naxis1,naxis2,naxis3,cube, > status)
        FTG2D[BIJKED](unit,group,nullval,dim1,naxis1,naxis2, > image,anyf,status)
        FTG3D[BIJKED](unit,group,nullval,dim1,dim2,naxis1,naxis2,naxis3, >
                     cube,anyf,status)
        FTPSS[BIJKED](unit,group,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,array, > status)
        FTGSV[BIJKED](unit,group,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs,nullval, >
                     array,anyf,status)
        FTGSF[BIJKED](unit,group,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs, >
                     array,flagvals,anyf,status)
-
 Table Column Information Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTGCNO}
-
        FTGNRW(unit, > nrows, status)
        FTGNCL(unit, > ncols, status)
        FTGCNO(unit,casesen,coltemplate, > colnum,status)
        FTGCNN(unit,casesen,coltemplate, > colnam,colnum,status)
        FTGTCL(unit,colnum, > datacode,repeat,width,status)
        FTEQTY(unit,colnum, > datacode,repeat,width,status)
        FTGCDW(unit,colnum, > dispwidth,status)
        FTGACL(unit,colnum, >
               ttype,tbcol,tunit,tform,tscal,tzero,snull,tdisp,status)
        FTGBCL(unit,colnum, >
               ttype,tunit,datatype,repeat,tscal,tzero,tnull,tdisp,status)
        FTPTDM(unit,colnum,naxis,naxes, > status)
        FTGTDM(unit,colnum,maxdim, > naxis,naxes,status)
        FTDTDM(unit,tdimstr,colnum,maxdim, > naxis,naxes, status)
        FTGRSZ(unit, > nrows,status)
-
 Low-Level Table Access Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTGTBS}
-
        FTGTBS(unit,frow,startchar,nchars, > string,status)
        FTPTBS(unit,frow,startchar,nchars,string, > status)
        FTGTBB(unit,frow,startchar,nchars, > array,status)
        FTPTBB(unit,frow,startchar,nchars,array, > status)
-
 Edit Rows or Columns page~\pageref{FTIROW}
-
        FTIROW(unit,frow,nrows, > status)
        FTDROW(unit,frow,nrows, > status)
        FTDRRG(unit,rowrange, > status)
        FTDRWS(unit,rowlist,nrows, > status)
        FTICOL(unit,colnum,ttype,tform, > status)
        FTICLS(unit,colnum,ncols,ttype,tform, > status)
        FTMVEC(unit,colnum,newveclen, > status)
        FTDCOL(unit,colnum, > status)
        FTCPCL(inunit,outunit,incolnum,outcolnum,createcol, > status);
-
 Read and Write Column Data Routines page~\pageref{FTPCLS}
-
        FTPCL[SLBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,values, > status)
        FTPCN[BIJKED](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,values,nullval > status)
        FTPCLX(unit,colnum,frow,fbit,nbit,lray, > status)
        FTPCLU(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements, > status)
        FTGCL(unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements, > values,status)
        FTGCV[SBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements,nullval, > 
                       values,anyf,status)
        FTGCF[SLBIJKEDCM](unit,colnum,frow,felem,nelements, > 
                         values,flagvals,anyf,status)
        FTGSV[BIJKED](unit,colnum,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs,nullval, >
                     array,anyf,status)
        FTGSF[BIJKED](unit,colnum,naxis,naxes,fpixels,lpixels,incs, >
                     array,flagvals,anyf,status)
        FTGCX(unit,colnum,frow,fbit,nbit, > lray,status)
        FTGCX[IJD](unit,colnum,frow,nrows,fbit,nbit, > array,status)
        FTGDES(unit,colnum,rownum, > nelements,offset,status) 
        FTPDES(unit,colnum,rownum,nelements,offset, > status) 
-
 Row Selection and Calculator Routines: page~\pageref{FTFROW}
-
        FTFROW(unit,expr,firstrow, nrows, > n_good_rows, row_status, status)
        FTFFRW(unit, expr, > rownum, status)             
        FTSROW(inunit, outunit, expr, > status )
        FTCROW(unit,datatype,expr,firstrow,nelements,nulval, > 
             array,anynul,status)
        FTCALC(inunit, expr, outunit, parName, parInfo, > status) 
        FTCALC_RNG(inunit, expr, outunit, parName, parInfo,
            nranges, firstrow, lastrow, > status)
        FTTEXP(unit, expr, > datatype, nelem, naxis, naxes, status)
-
 Celestial Coordinate System Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTGICS}
-
        FTGICS(unit, > xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,coordtype,status)
        FTGTCS(unit,xcol,ycol, > 
               xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,coordtype,status)
        FTWLDP(xpix,ypix,xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,
                          coordtype, > xpos,ypos,status)
        FTXYPX(xpos,ypos,xrval,yrval,xrpix,yrpix,xinc,yinc,rot,
                          coordtype, > xpix,ypix,status)
-
 File Checksum Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTPCKS}
-
        FTPCKS(unit, > status) 
        FTUCKS(unit, > status) 
        FTVCKS(unit, > dataok,hduok,status) 
        FTGCKS(unit, > datasum,hdusum,status) 
        FTESUM(sum,complement, > checksum)
        FTDSUM(checksum,complement, > sum)

-
 Time and Date Utility Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTGSDT}
-
        FTGSDT( > day, month, year, status )
        FTGSTM(> datestr, timeref, status)
        FTDT2S( year, month, day, > datestr, status)
        FTTM2S( year, month, day, hour, minute, second, decimals, 
                > datestr, status)
        FTS2DT(datestr, > year, month, day, status)
        FTS2TM(datestr, > year, month, day, hour, minute, second, status)
-
 General Utility Subroutines: page~\pageref{FTGHAD}
-
        FTGHAD(unit, > curaddr,nextaddr)
        FTUPCH(string)
        FTCMPS(str_template,string,casesen, > match,exact)
        FTTKEY(keyword, > status)
        FTTREC(card, > status)
        FTNCHK(unit, > status)
        FTGKNM(unit, > keyword, keylength, status)
        FTMKKY(keyword, value,comment, > card, status)
        FTPSVC(card, > value,comment,status)
        FTKEYN(keyroot,seq_no, > keyword,status)
        FTNKEY(seq_no,keyroot, > keyword,status)
        FTDTYP(value, > dtype,status)
        class = FTGKCL(card)
        FTASFM(tform, > datacode,width,decimals,status)
        FTBNFM(tform, > datacode,repeat,width,status)
        FTGABC(tfields,tform,space, > rowlen,tbcol,status)
        FTGTHD(template, > card,hdtype,status)
        FTRWRG(rowlist, maxrows, maxranges, > numranges, rangemin, 
               rangemax, status)
-

*X.   Parameter Definitions
-
anyf - (logical) set to TRUE if any of the returned data values are undefined
array - (any datatype except character) array of bytes to be read or written. 
bitpix - (integer) bits per pixel: 8, 16, 32, -32, or -64
blank - (integer) value used for undefined pixels in integer primary array
blank - (integer*8) value used for undefined pixels in integer primary array
blocksize - (integer) 2880-byte logical record blocking factor 
          (if 0 < blocksize < 11) or the actual block size in bytes 
          (if 10 < blocksize < 28800).  As of version 3.3 of FITSIO, 
          blocksizes greater than 2880 are no longer supported.
bscale - (double precision) scaling factor for the primary array
bytlen - (integer) length of the data unit, in bytes
bzero - (double precision) zero point for primary array scaling
card - (character*80) header record to be read or written
casesen - (logical) will string matching be case sensitive?
checksum - (character*16) encoded checksum string
colname - (character) ASCII name of the column
colnum - (integer) number of the column (first column = 1)
coltemplate - (character) template string to be matched to column names
comment - (character) the keyword comment field
comments - (character array) keyword comment fields
compid - (integer) the type of computer that the program is running on
complement - (logical) should the checksum be complemented?
coordtype - (character) type of coordinate projection (-SIN, -TAN, -ARC, 
          -NCP, -GLS, -MER, or -AIT)
cube - 3D data cube of the appropriate datatype
curaddr - (integer) starting address (in bytes) of the CHDU
current - (integer) if not equal to 0, copy the current HDU
datacode - (integer) symbolic code of the binary table column datatype
dataok - (integer) was the data unit verification successful (=1) or 
         not (= -1).  Equals zero if the DATASUM keyword is not present.      
datasum - (double precision) 32-bit 1's complement checksum for the data unit
datatype - (character) datatype (format) of the binary table column 
datestr  - (string) FITS date/time string: 'YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.ddd',
           'YYYY-MM-dd', or 'dd/mm/yy'
day - (integer) current day of the month
dblval - (double precision) fractional part of the keyword value
decimals - (integer) number of decimal places to be displayed
dim1 - (integer) actual size of the first dimension of the image or cube array
dim2 - (integer) actual size of the second dimension of the cube array
dispwidth - (integer) - the display width (length of string) for a column
dtype - (character) datatype of the keyword ('C', 'L', 'I',  or 'F')
                C = character string
                L = logical
                I = integer
                F = floating point number
errmsg - (character*80) oldest error message on the internal stack
errtext - (character*30) descriptive error message corresponding to error number
casesen - (logical) true if column name matching is case sensitive
exact - (logical) do the strings match exactly, or were wildcards used?
exclist  (character array) list of names to be excluded from search
exists   - flag indicating whether the file or compressed file exists on disk
extend - (logical) true if there may be extensions following the primary data
extname - (character) value of the EXTNAME keyword (if not blank)
fbit - (integer) first bit in the field to be read or written
felem - (integer) first pixel of the element vector (ignored for ASCII tables)
filename - (character) name of the FITS file
flagvals - (logical array) True if corresponding data element is undefined
following - (integer) if not equal to 0, copy all following HDUs in the input file
fparm - (integer) sequence number of the first group parameter to read or write
fpixel - (integer) the first pixel position
fpixels - (integer array) the first included pixel in each dimension
frow - (integer) beginning row number (first row of table = 1)
frowll - (integer*8) beginning row number (first row of table = 1)
gcount - (integer) value of the GCOUNT keyword (usually = 1)
group - (integer) sequence number of the data group (=0 for non-grouped data)
hdtype - (integer) header record type: -1=delete;  0=append or replace;
                   1=append; 2=this is the END keyword
hduok - (integer) was the HDU verification successful (=1) or 
         not (= -1).  Equals zero if the CHECKSUM keyword is not present.      
hdusum - (double precision) 32 bit 1's complement checksum for the entire CHDU
hdutype - (integer) type of HDU: 0 = primary array or IMAGE, 1 = ASCII table,
                   2 = binary table, -1 = any HDU type or unknown type
history - (character) the HISTORY keyword comment string
hour - (integer) hour from 0 - 23
image - 2D image of the appropriate datatype
inclist  (character array) list of names to be included in search
incs - (integer array) sampling interval for pixels in each FITS dimension
intval - (integer) integer part of the keyword value
iounit - (integer) value of an unused I/O unit number
iunit - (integer) logical unit number associated with the input FITS file, 1-300
key_no - (integer) sequence number (starting with 1) of the keyword record
keylength - (integer) length of the keyword name
keyroot - (character) root string for the keyword name
keysadd -(integer) number of new keyword records which can fit in the CHU
keysexist - (integer) number of existing keyword records in the CHU
keyval - value of the keyword in the appropriate datatype
keyvals - (array) value of the keywords in the appropriate datatype
keyword - (character*8) name of a keyword
lray - (logical array) array of logical values corresponding to the bit array
lpixels - (integer array) the last included pixel in each dimension
match - (logical) do the 2 strings match?
maxdim - (integer) dimensioned size of the NAXES, TTYPE, TFORM or TUNIT arrays
max_keys - (integer) maximum number of keywords to search for
minute - (integer) minute of an hour (0 - 59)
month - (integer) current month of the year (1 - 12)
morekeys - (integer) will leave space in the header for this many more keywords
naxes - (integer array) size of each dimension in the FITS array
naxesll - (integer*8 array) size of each dimension in the FITS array
naxis - (integer) number of dimensions in the FITS array 
naxis1 - (integer) length of the X/first axis of the FITS array
naxis2 - (integer) length of the Y/second axis of the FITS array
naxis3 - (integer) length of the Z/third axis of the FITS array
nbit - (integer) number of bits in the field to read or write
nchars - (integer) number of characters to read and return
ncols - (integer) number of columns
nelements - (integer) number of data elements to read or write
nelementsll - (integer*8) number of data elements to read or write
nexc   (integer)  number of names in the exclusion list (may = 0)
nhdu - (integer) absolute number of the HDU (1st HDU = 1)
ninc   (integer)  number of names in the inclusion list
nmove - (integer) number of HDUs to move (+ or -), relative to current position
nfound - (integer) number of keywords found (highest keyword number)
no_keys - (integer) number of keywords to write in the sequence
nparm - (integer) number of group parameters to read or write
nrows - (integer) number of rows in the table
nrowsll - (integer*8) number of rows in the table
nullval - value to represent undefined pixels, of the appropriate datatype
nextaddr - (integer) starting address (in bytes) of the HDU following the CHDU
offset - (integer) byte offset in the heap to the first element of the array
offsetll - (integer*8) byte offset in the heap to the first element of the array
oldkey - (character) old name of keyword to be modified
ounit - (integer) logical unit number associated with the output FITS file 1-300
pcount - (integer) value of the PCOUNT keyword (usually = 0)
previous - (integer) if not equal to 0, copy all previous HDUs in the input file
repeat - (integer) length of element vector (e.g. 12J); ignored for ASCII table
rot - (double precision) celestial coordinate rotation angle (degrees)
rowlen - (integer) length of a table row, in characters or bytes
rowlenll - (integer*8) length of a table row, in characters or bytes
rowlist - (integer array) list of row numbers to be deleted in increasing order
rownum - (integer) number of the row (first row = 1)
rowrange- (string) list of rows or row ranges to be deleted
rwmode - (integer) file access mode: 0 = readonly, 1 = readwrite 
second   (double)- second within minute (0 - 60.9999999999) (leap second!)
seq_no - (integer) the sequence number to append to the keyword root name
simple - (logical) does the FITS file conform to all the FITS standards
snull - (character) value used to represent undefined values in ASCII table
space - (integer) number of blank spaces to leave between ASCII table columns
startchar - (integer) first character in the row to be read
startno - (integer) value of the first keyword sequence number (usually 1)
status - (integer) returned error status code (0 = OK)
str_template (character) template string to be matched to reference string
stream - (character) output stream for the report: either 'STDOUT' or 'STDERR'
string - (character) character string
sum - (double precision) 32 bit unsigned checksum value
tbcol - (integer array) column number of the first character in the field(s)
tdisp - (character) Fortran type display format for the table column
template-(character) template string for a FITS header record
tfields - (integer) number of fields (columns) in the table
tform - (character array) format of the column(s); allowed values are:
         For ASCII tables:  Iw, Aw, Fww.dd, Eww.dd, or Dww.dd
         For binary tables: rL, rX, rB, rI, rJ, rA, rAw, rE, rD, rC, rM
         where 'w'=width of the field, 'd'=no. of decimals, 'r'=repeat count
         Note that the 'rAw' form is non-standard extension to the
         TFORM keyword syntax that is not specifically defined in the
         Binary Tables definition document.
theap - (integer) zero indexed byte offset of starting address of the heap
         relative to the beginning of the binary table data
tnull - (integer) value used to represent undefined values in binary table
tnullll - (integer*8) value used to represent undefined values in binary table
ttype - (character array) label for table column(s)
tscal - (double precision) scaling factor for table column
tunit - (character array) physical unit for table column(s)
tzero - (double precision) scaling zero point for table column
unit  - (integer) logical unit number associated with the FITS file (1-300)
units - (character) the keyword units string (e.g., 'km/s')
value - (character) the keyword value string
values - array of data values of the appropriate datatype
varidat - (integer) size in bytes of the 'variable length data area'
           following the binary table data (usually = 0)
version - (real) current revision number of the library
width - (integer) width of the character string field
xcol - (integer) number of the column containing the X coordinate values
xinc - (double precision) X axis coordinate increment at reference pixel (deg)
xpix - (double precision) X axis pixel location
xpos - (double precision) X axis celestial coordinate (usually RA) (deg)
xrpix - (double precision) X axis reference pixel array location
xrval - (double precision) X axis coordinate value at the reference pixel (deg)
ycol - (integer) number of the column containing the X coordinate values
year - (integer) last 2 digits of the year (00 - 99)
yinc - (double precision) Y axis coordinate increment at reference pixel (deg)
ypix - (double precision) y axis pixel location
ypos - (double precision) y axis celestial coordinate (usually DEC) (deg)
yrpix - (double precision) Y axis reference pixel array location
yrval - (double precision) Y axis coordinate value at the reference pixel (deg)
-

*XI.    FITSIO Error Status Codes
-
Status codes in the range -99 to -999  and 1 to 999 are reserved for future
FITSIO use.

  0  OK, no error
101  input and output files are the same
103  too many FITS files open at once; all internal buffers full
104  error opening existing file
105  error creating new FITS file; (does a file with this name already exist?)
106  error writing record to FITS file
107  end-of-file encountered while reading record from FITS file
108  error reading record from file
110  error closing FITS file
111  internal array dimensions exceeded
112  Cannot modify file with readonly access
113  Could not allocate memory
114  illegal logical unit number; must be between 1 - 300, inclusive
115  NULL input pointer to routine
116  error seeking position in file

121  invalid URL prefix on file name 
122  tried to register too many IO drivers 
123  driver initialization failed 
124  matching driver is not registered 
125  failed to parse input file URL
126  parse error in range list

151  bad argument in shared memory driver
152  null pointer passed as an argument
153  no more free shared memory handles
154  shared memory driver is not initialized
155  IPC error returned by a system call
156  no memory in shared memory driver
157  resource deadlock would occur
158  attempt to open/create lock file failed
159  shared memory block cannot be resized at the moment


201  header not empty; can't write required keywords
202  specified keyword name was not found in the header  
203  specified header record number is out of bounds 
204  keyword value field is blank
205  keyword value string is missing the closing quote character 
206  illegal indexed keyword name (e.g. 'TFORM1000')
207  illegal character in keyword name or header record
208  keyword does not have expected name. Keyword out of sequence? 
209  keyword does not have expected integer value 
210  could not find the required END header keyword
211  illegal BITPIX keyword value 
212  illegal NAXIS keyword value 
213  illegal NAXISn keyword value: must be 0 or positive integer 
214  illegal PCOUNT keyword value
215  illegal GCOUNT keyword value
216  illegal TFIELDS keyword value
217  negative ASCII or binary table width value (NAXIS1)
218  negative number of rows in ASCII or binary table (NAXIS2)
219  column name (TTYPE keyword) not found
220  illegal SIMPLE keyword value
221  could not find the required SIMPLE header keyword 
222  could not find the required BITPIX header keyword 
223  could not find the required NAXIS header keyword
224  could not find all the required NAXISn keywords in the header 
225  could not find the required XTENSION header keyword
226  the CHDU is not an ASCII table extension
227  the CHDU is not a binary table extension 
228  could not find the required PCOUNT header keyword
229  could not find the required GCOUNT header keyword
230  could not find the required TFIELDS header keyword
231  could not find all the required TBCOLn keywords in the header
232  could not find all the required TFORMn keywords in the header  
233  the CHDU is not an IMAGE extension
234  illegal TBCOL keyword value; out of range
235  this operation only allowed for ASCII or BINARY table extension
236  column is too wide to fit within the specified width of the ASCII table
237  the specified column name template matched more than one column name
241  binary table row width is not equal to the sum of the field widths
251  unrecognizable type of FITS extension
252  unrecognizable FITS record
253  END keyword contains non-blank characters in columns 9-80 
254  Header fill area contains non-blank characters
255  Data fill area contains non-blank on non-zero values
261  unable to parse the TFORM keyword value string
262  unrecognizable TFORM datatype code
263  illegal TDIMn keyword value

301  illegal HDU number; less than 1 or greater than internal buffer size
302  column number out of range (1 - 999)
304  attempt to move to negative file record number
306  attempted to read or write a negative number of bytes in the FITS file
307  illegal starting row number for table read or write operation
308  illegal starting element number for table read or write operation
309  attempted to read or write character string in non-character table column
310  attempted to read or write logical value in non-logical table column
311  illegal ASCII table TFORM format code for attempted operation
312  illegal binary table TFORM format code for attempted operation
314  value for undefined pixels has not been defined
317  attempted to read or write descriptor in a non-descriptor field
320  number of array dimensions out of range
321  first pixel number is greater than the last pixel number
322  attempt to set BSCALE or TSCALn scaling parameter = 0
323  illegal axis length less than 1

340 NOT_GROUP_TABLE 340   Grouping function error
341 HDU_ALREADY_MEMBER    
342 MEMBER_NOT_FOUND      
343 GROUP_NOT_FOUND       
344 BAD_GROUP_ID          
345 TOO_MANY_HDUS_TRACKED 
346 HDU_ALREADY_TRACKED   
347 BAD_OPTION            
348 IDENTICAL_POINTERS    
349 BAD_GROUP_ATTACH
350 BAD_GROUP_DETACH

360 NGP_NO_MEMORY              malloc failed
361 NGP_READ_ERR               read error from file
362 NGP_NUL_PTR                null pointer passed as an argument.
                                 Passing null pointer as a name of
                                 template file raises this error
363 NGP_EMPTY_CURLINE          line read seems to be empty (used
                                 internally)
364 NGP_UNREAD_QUEUE_FULL      cannot unread more then 1 line (or single
                                 line twice)
365 NGP_INC_NESTING            too deep include file nesting (infinite
                                 loop, template includes itself ?)
366 NGP_ERR_FOPEN              fopen() failed, cannot open template file
367 NGP_EOF                    end of file encountered and not expected
368 NGP_BAD_ARG                bad arguments passed. Usually means
                                 internal parser error. Should not happen
369 NGP_TOKEN_NOT_EXPECT       token not expected here

401  error attempting to convert an integer to a formatted character string
402  error attempting to convert a real value to a formatted character string
403  cannot convert a quoted string keyword to an integer
404  attempted to read a non-logical keyword value as a logical value
405  cannot convert a quoted string keyword to a real value
406  cannot convert a quoted string keyword to a double precision value
407  error attempting to read character string as an integer
408  error attempting to read character string as a real value
409  error attempting to read character string as a double precision value
410  bad keyword datatype code 
411  illegal number of decimal places while formatting floating point value
412  numerical overflow during implicit datatype conversion
413  error compressing image
414  error uncompressing image
420  error in date or time conversion

431  syntax error in parser expression 
432  expression did not evaluate to desired type 
433  vector result too large to return in array 
434  data parser failed not sent an out column 
435  bad data encounter while parsing column 
436  parse error: output file not of proper type

501  celestial angle too large for projection
502  bad celestial coordinate or pixel value
503  error in celestial coordinate calculation
504  unsupported type of celestial projection
505  required celestial coordinate keywords not found
506  approximate wcs keyword values were returned
-
\end{document}
cfitsio-4.3.1/docs/quick.tex0000644000225700000360000030611013472024437015242 0ustar  cagordonlhea\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\input{html.sty}
\htmladdtonavigation
   {\begin{rawhtml}
 FITSIO Home
    \end{rawhtml}}

\oddsidemargin=0.20in
\evensidemargin=0.20in
\textwidth=15.5truecm
\textheight=21.5truecm

\title{CFITSIO Quick Start Guide}
\author{William Pence \thanks{HEASARC, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center}}

\date{January 2003}

\begin{document}

\maketitle
\tableofcontents

% ===================================================================
\section{Introduction}

This document is intended to help you quickly start writing C programs
to read and write FITS files using the CFITSIO library.  It covers the
most important CFITSIO routines that are needed to perform most types
of operations on FITS files. For more complete information about these
and all the other available routines in the library please refer to
the  ``CFITSIO User's Reference Guide'', which is available from the
CFITSIO Web site at {\tt http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/fitsio}.

For more general information about the FITS data format, refer to the
following web page:
http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc/fits.html

FITS stands for Flexible Image Transport System and is the standard
file format used to store most astronomical data files.  There are 2
basic types of FITS files: images and tables.  FITS images often
contain a 2-dimensional array of pixels representing an image of a
piece of the sky, but  FITS images can also contain 1-D arrays (i.e,
a spectrum or light curve), or  3-D arrays (a data cube), or
even higher dimensional arrays of data.   An image may also have zero
dimensions, in which case it is referred to as a null or empty array.
The supported datatypes for the image arrays are 8, 16, and 32-bit
integers, and 32 and 64-bit floating point real numbers.  Both signed
and unsigned integers are supported.

FITS tables contain rows and columns of data, similar to a
spreadsheet.  All the values in a particular column must have the same
datatype.  A cell of a column is not restricted to a single number, and
instead can contain an array or vector of numbers.  There are actually
2 subtypes of FITS tables: ASCII and binary. As the names imply,  ASCII
tables store the data values in an ASCII representation whereas binary
tables store the data values in a more efficient machine-readable
binary format.  Binary tables are generally more compact and support
more features (e.g., a wider range of datatypes, and vector columns)
than ASCII tables.

A single FITS file many contain multiple images or tables.  Each table
or image is called a Header-Data Unit, or HDU.  The first HDU in a FITS
file must be an image (but it may have zero axes) and is called the
Primary Array.  Any additional HDUs in the file (which are also
referred to as `extensions') may contain either an image or a table.

Every HDU contains a header containing keyword records.  Each keyword
record is 80 ASCII characters long and has the following format:

\begin{verbatim}
KEYWORD = value / comment string
\end{verbatim}

The keyword name can be up to 8 characters long (all uppercase).  The
value can be either an integer or floating point number, a logical
value (T or F), or a character string enclosed in single quotes.  Each
header begins with a series of required keywords to describe the
datatype and format of the following data unit, if any.  Any number of
other optional keywords can be included in  the header to provide other
descriptive information about the data.  For the most part, the CFITSIO
routines automatically write the required FITS keywords for each HDU,
so you, the programmer, usually do not need to worry about them.

% ===================================================================
\section{Installing and Using CFITSIO}

First, you should download the CFITSIO software and the set of example
FITS utility programs from the web site at
http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/fitsio.  The example programs illustrate
how to perform many common types of operations on FITS files using
CFITSIO.  They are also useful when writing a new program because it is
often easier to take a copy of one of these utility programs as a
template and then modify it for your own purposes, rather than writing
the new program completely from scratch.

To build the CFITSIO library on Unix platforms, `untar' the source code
distribution file and then execute the following commands in the
directory containing the source code:

\begin{verbatim}
>  ./configure [--prefix=/target/installation/path]
>  make           (or 'make shared')
>  make install   (this step is optional)
\end{verbatim}

The optional
'prefix' argument to configure gives the path to the directory where
the CFITSIO library and include files should be installed via the later
'make install' command. For example,

\begin{verbatim}
>  ./configure --prefix=/usr1/local
\end{verbatim}

will cause the 'make install' command to copy the CFITSIO libcfitsio file 
to /usr1/local/lib and the necessary include files to /usr1/local/include
(assuming of course that the  process has permission to write to these 
directories).

Pre-compiled versions of the CFITSIO DLL library are available for
PCs.  On Macintosh machines, refer to the README.MacOS file for
instructions on building CFITSIO using CodeWarrior.

Any programs that use CFITSIO must of course be linked with the CFITSIO
library when creating the executable file.  The exact procedure for
linking a program depends on your software environment, but on Unix
platforms, the command line to compile and link a program will look
something like this:

\begin{verbatim}
gcc -o myprog myprog.c -L. -lcfitsio -lm -lnsl -lsocket
\end{verbatim}

You may not need to include all of the 'm', 'nsl', and 'socket' system
libraries on your particular machine.  To find out what libraries are
required on your (Unix) system, type {\tt'make testprog'} and see what
libraries are then included on the resulting link line.

\newpage
% ===================================================================
\section{Example Programs}

Before describing the individual CFITSIO routines in detail, it is
instructive to first look at an actual program.  The names of the
CFITSIO routines are fairly descriptive (they all begin with {\tt
fits\_}, so it should be reasonably clear what this program does:

\begin{verbatim}
----------------------------------------------------------------
    #include 
    #include 
1:  #include "fitsio.h"

    int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    {
2:      fitsfile *fptr;         
        char card[FLEN_CARD]; 
3:      int status = 0,  nkeys, ii;  /* MUST initialize status */

4:      fits_open_file(&fptr, argv[1], READONLY, &status);
        fits_get_hdrspace(fptr, &nkeys, NULL, &status);

        for (ii = 1; ii <= nkeys; ii++)  { 
          fits_read_record(fptr, ii, card, &status); /* read keyword */
          printf("%s\n", card);
        }
        printf("END\n\n");  /* terminate listing with END */
        fits_close_file(fptr, &status);

        if (status)          /* print any error messages */
5:          fits_report_error(stderr, status);
        return(status);
    }
----------------------------------------------------------------
\end{verbatim}

This program opens the specified FITS file and prints
out all the header keywords in the current HDU.
Some other points to notice about the program are:
\begin{enumerate}

\item
The {\tt fitsio.h} header file must be included to define the 
various routines and symbols used in CFITSIO.

\item

The {\tt fitsfile}  parameter is the first argument in almost every
CFITSIO routine.  It is a pointer to a structure (defined in {\tt
fitsio.h}) that stores information about the particular FITS file that
the routine will operate on.  Memory for this structure is
automatically allocated when the file is first opened or created, and
is freed when the file is closed.

\item
Almost every CFITSIO routine has a {\tt status} parameter as the last
argument. The status value is also usually returned as the value of the
function itself.  Normally status = 0, and a positive status value
indicates an error of some sort.  The status variable must always be
initialized to zero before use, because if status is greater than zero
on input then the CFITSIO routines will simply return without doing
anything.  This `inherited status' feature, where each CFITSIO routine
inherits the status from the previous routine, makes it unnecessary to
check the status value after every single CFITSIO routine call.
Generally you should check the status after an especially important or
complicated routine has been called, or after a block of
closely related CFITSIO calls.  This example program has taken this
feature to the extreme and only checks the status value at the 
very end of the program.

\item

In this example program the file name to be opened is given as an
argument on the command line ({\tt arg[1]}).  If the file contains more
than 1 HDU or extension, you can specify which particular HDU to be
opened by enclosing the name or number of the HDU in square brackets
following the root name of the file.  For example, {\tt file.fts[0]}
opens the  primary array, while {\tt file.fts[2]} will move to and open
the 2nd extension in the file, and {\tt file.fit[EVENTS]} will open the
extension that has a {\tt EXTNAME = 'EVENTS'} keyword in the header.
Note that on the Unix command line you must enclose the file name in
single or double quote characters if the name contains special
characters such as `[' or `]'.

All of the CFITSIO routines which read or write header keywords,
image data, or table data operate only within the currently opened
HDU in the file. To read or write information in a different HDU you must
first explicitly move to that HDU (see the {\tt fits\_movabs\_hdu} and
{\tt fits\_movrel\_hdu} routines in section 4.3).

\item

The {\tt fits\_report\_error} routine provides a convenient way to print out
diagnostic messages about any error that may have occurred. 

\end{enumerate}

A set of example FITS utility programs are  available from the CFITSIO
web site at \newline
http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/software/fitsio/cexamples.html.
These are real working programs which illustrate how to read, write,
and modify FITS files using the CFITSIO library.  Most of these
programs are very short, containing only a few 10s of lines of
executable code or less, yet they perform quite useful operations on
FITS files. Running each program without any command line arguments
will produce a short description of how to use the program.
The currently available programs are:
\begin{quote}
fitscopy - copy a file
\newline
listhead - list header keywords
\newline
liststruc - show the structure of a FITS file.
\newline
modhead  - write or modify a header keyword
\newline
imarith  - add, subtract, multiply, or divide 2 images
\newline
imlist  - list pixel values in an image
\newline
imstat  - compute mean, min, and max pixel values in an image
\newline
tablist - display the contents of a FITS table
\newline
tabcalc  - general table calculator
\end{quote}

\newpage

% ===================================================================
\section{CFITSIO Routines}

This chapter describes the main CFITSIO routines that can be used to
perform the most common types of operations on FITS files.

% ===================================================================
{\bf \subsection{Error Reporting}}

\begin{verbatim}
void fits_report_error(FILE *stream, int status)
void fits_get_errstatus(int status, char *err_text)
float fits_get_version(float *version)
\end{verbatim}

The first routine prints out information about any error that
has occurred.  Whenever any CFITSIO routine encounters an error it
usually writes a message describing the nature of the error to an
internal error message stack and then returns with a positive integer
status value. Passing the error status value to this routine will
cause  a generic description of the error and all the messages
from the internal CFITSIO error stack to be printed to the specified
stream.  The {\tt stream} parameter is usually set equal to
{\tt "stdout"} or {\tt "stderr"}.

The second routine simply returns a 30-character descriptive
error message corresponding to the input status value.

The last routine returns the current CFITSIO library version number.

% ===================================================================
{\bf \subsection{File Open/Close Routines}}

\begin{verbatim}
int fits_open_file( fitsfile **fptr, char *filename, int mode, int *status)
int fits_open_data( fitsfile **fptr, char *filename, int mode, int *status)
int fits_open_table(fitsfile **fptr, char *filename, int mode, int *status)
int fits_open_image(fitsfile **fptr, char *filename, int mode, int *status)

int fits_create_file(fitsfile **fptr, char *filename, int *status)
int fits_close_file(fitsfile *fptr, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

These routines open or close a file.  The first {\tt fitsfile}
parameter  in these and nearly every other CFITSIO routine is a pointer
to a structure that CFITSIO uses to store relevant parameters about
each opened file.  You should never directly read or write any
information in this structure.  Memory for this structure is allocated
automatically when the file is opened or created, and is freed when the
file is closed.

The {\tt mode} parameter in the {\tt fits\_open\_xxxx} set of routines
can be set to either {\tt READONLY} or {\tt READWRITE} to select the
type of file access that will be allowed. These symbolic constants are
defined in {\tt fitsio.h}.

The {\tt fits\_open\_file} routine opens the file and positions the internal
file pointer to the beginning of the file, or to the specified
extension if an extension name or number is appended to the file name
(see the later section on ``CFITSIO File Names and Filters'' for a
description of the syntax). {\tt fits\_open\_data} behaves similarly except
that it will move to the first HDU containing significant data if a HDU
name or number to open is not explicitly specified as part of the
filename.  It will move to the first IMAGE HDU with NAXIS greater than
0, or the first table that does not contain the strings `GTI' (a Good
Time Interval extension) or `OBSTABLE' in the EXTNAME keyword value.
The {\tt fits\_open\_table} and {\tt fits\_open\_image}  routines are similar
except that they will move to the first significant table HDU or image
HDU, respectively if a HDU name of number is not specified as part of
the input file name.

When opening an existing file, the {\tt filename} can include optional
arguments, enclosed in square brackets that specify filtering
operations that should be applied to the input file.  For example,
\begin{verbatim}
   myfile.fit[EVENTS][counts > 0]
\end{verbatim}
opens the table in the EVENTS extension and creates a virtual table by
selecting only those rows where the COUNTS column value is greater than
0.  See section 5 for more examples of these powerful filtering
capabilities.

In {\tt fits\_create\_file},  the {\tt filename} is simply the root name of
the file to be created.  You can overwrite an existing file by
prefixing the name with a `!' character (on the Unix command line this
must be prefixed with a backslash, as in \verb+`\!file.fit'+).  
If the file name ends with {\tt .gz} the file will be compressed
using the gzip algorithm.  If the
filename is {\tt stdout} or {\tt "-"} (a single dash character)
then the output file will be piped to the stdout stream.  You can
chain several tasks together by writing the output from the first task
to {\tt stdout} and then reading the input file in the 2nd task from
{\tt stdin} or {\tt "-"}.


% ===================================================================
{\bf \subsection{HDU-level Routines}}

The routines listed in this section operate on Header-Data Units (HDUs) in a file.

\begin{verbatim}
_______________________________________________________________
int fits_get_num_hdus(fitsfile *fptr, int *hdunum, int *status)
int fits_get_hdu_num(fitsfile *fptr,  int *hdunum)
\end{verbatim}

The first routines returns the total number of HDUs in the FITS file,
and the second routine returns the position of the currently opened HDU in
the FITS file (starting with 1, not 0).

\begin{verbatim}
__________________________________________________________________________
int fits_movabs_hdu(fitsfile *fptr, int hdunum, int *hdutype, int *status)
int fits_movrel_hdu(fitsfile *fptr, int nmove,  int *hdutype, int *status)
int fits_movnam_hdu(fitsfile *fptr, int hdutype, char *extname,
                    int extver, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

These routines enable you to move to a different HDU in the file.
Most of the CFITSIO functions which read or write keywords or data
operate only on the currently opened HDU in the file.  The first
routine moves to the specified absolute HDU number in the FITS
file (the first HDU = 1), whereas the second routine moves a relative
number of HDUs forward or backward from the currently open HDU.  The
{\tt hdutype} parameter returns the type of the newly opened HDU, and will
be equal to one of these symbolic constant values: {\tt IMAGE\_HDU,
ASCII\_TBL, or BINARY\_TBL}.  {\tt hdutype} may be set to NULL
if it is not needed.  The third routine moves to the (first) HDU
that matches the input extension type, name, and version number,
as given by the {\tt XTENSION, EXTNAME} (or {\tt HDUNAME}) and {\tt EXTVER} keywords.
If the input value of {\tt extver} = 0, then the version number will
be ignored when looking for a matching HDU.

\begin{verbatim}
_________________________________________________________________
int fits_get_hdu_type(fitsfile *fptr,  int *hdutype, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

Get the type of the current HDU in the FITS file:  {\tt IMAGE\_HDU,
ASCII\_TBL, or BINARY\_TBL}.

\begin{verbatim}
____________________________________________________________________
int fits_copy_hdu(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int morekeys,
                  int *status)
int fits_copy_file(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int previous,
                  int current, int following, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

The first routine copies the current HDU from the FITS file associated
with infptr and appends it to the end of the FITS file associated with
outfptr.  Space may be reserved for {\tt morekeys} additional keywords
in the output header.   The second routine copies any HDUs previous
to the current HDU, and/or the current HDU, and/or any HDUs following the
current HDU, depending on the value (True or False) of {\tt previous,
current}, and {\tt following}, respectively.  For example,
\begin{verbatim}
  fits_copy_file(infptr, outfptr, 0, 1, 1, &status);
\end{verbatim}
will copy the current HDU and any HDUs that follow it from the input
to the output file, but it will not copy any HDUs preceding the 
current HDU.


\newpage
% ===================================================================
\subsection{Image I/O Routines}

This section lists the more important CFITSIO routines which operate on
FITS images.

\begin{verbatim}
_______________________________________________________________
int fits_get_img_type(fitsfile *fptr, int *bitpix, int *status)
int fits_get_img_dim( fitsfile *fptr, int *naxis,  int *status)
int fits_get_img_size(fitsfile *fptr, int maxdim,  long *naxes,
                      int *status)
int fits_get_img_param(fitsfile *fptr, int maxdim,  int *bitpix,
                       int *naxis, long *naxes, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

Get information about the currently opened image HDU. The first routine
returns the datatype of the image as (defined by the {\tt BITPIX}
keyword), which can have the following symbolic constant values: 
\begin{verbatim}
    BYTE_IMG      =   8   ( 8-bit byte pixels, 0 - 255)
    SHORT_IMG     =  16   (16 bit integer pixels)
    LONG_IMG      =  32   (32-bit integer pixels)
    LONGLONG_IMG  =  64   (64-bit integer pixels)
    FLOAT_IMG     = -32   (32-bit floating point pixels)
    DOUBLE_IMG    = -64   (64-bit floating point pixels)
\end{verbatim}

The second and third routines return the number of dimensions in the
image (from the {\tt NAXIS} keyword), and the sizes of each dimension
(from the {\tt NAXIS1, NAXIS2}, etc. keywords).  The last routine
simply combines the function of the first 3 routines.  The input {\tt
maxdim} parameter in this routine gives the maximum number dimensions
that may be returned (i.e., the dimension of the {\tt naxes}
array)

\begin{verbatim}
__________________________________________________________
int fits_create_img(fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, 
                    long *naxes, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

Create an image HDU by writing the required keywords which define the
structure of the image.  The 2nd through 4th parameters  specified the
datatype, the number of dimensions, and the sizes of the dimensions.
The allowed values of the {\tt bitpix} parameter are listed above in
the description of the {\tt fits\_get\_img\_type} routine.  If the FITS
file pointed to by {\tt fptr} is empty (previously created with
{\tt fits\_create\_file}) then this routine creates a primary array in
the file, otherwise a new IMAGE extension is appended to end of the
file following the other HDUs in the file.

\begin{verbatim}
______________________________________________________________
int fits_write_pix(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, long *fpixel,
               long nelements, void *array, int *status);

int fits_write_pixnull(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, long *fpixel,
               long nelements, void *array, void *nulval, int *status);

int fits_read_pix(fitsfile *fptr, int  datatype, long *fpixel, 
                  long nelements, void *nulval, void *array, 
                  int *anynul, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

Read or write all or part of the FITS image.  There are 2 different
'write' pixel routines:  The first simply writes the input array of pixels
to the FITS file.  The second is similar, except that it substitutes
the appropriate null pixel value in the FITS file for any pixels 
which have a value equal to {\tt *nulval} (note that this parameter
gives the address of the null pixel value, not the value itself).
Similarly,  when reading an image, CFITSIO will substitute the value
given by {\tt nulval}  for  any undefined pixels in the image, unless
{\tt nulval = NULL}, in which case no checks will be made for undefined
pixels when reading the FITS image.

The {\tt fpixel} parameter in these routines is an array which gives
the coordinate in each dimension of the first pixel to be read or
written, and {\tt nelements} is the total number of pixels to read or
write.  {\tt array} is the address of an array which either contains
the pixel values to be written, or will hold the values of the pixels
that are read.  When reading, {\tt array} must have been allocated
large enough to hold all the returned pixel values.  These routines
starts at the {\tt fpixel} location and then read or write the {\tt
nelements} pixels, continuing on successive rows of the image if
necessary.  For example, to write an entire 2D image, set {\tt
fpixel[0] = fpixel[1] = 1}, and {\tt nelements = NAXIS1 * NAXIS2}.  Or
to read just the 10th row of the image, set {\tt fpixel[0] = 1,
fpixel[1] = 10}, and {\tt nelements = NAXIS1}.  The {\tt datatype}
parameter specifies the datatype of the C {\tt array} in the program,
which need not be the same as the datatype of the FITS image itself.
If the datatypes differ then CFITSIO will convert the data as it is
read or written.  The following symbolic constants are allowed for the
value of {\tt datatype}:
\begin{verbatim}
  TBYTE     unsigned char
  TSBYTE    signed char
  TSHORT    signed short
  TUSHORT   unsigned short
  TINT      signed int
  TUINT     unsigned int
  TLONG     signed long
  TLONGLONG signed 8-byte integer
  TULONG    unsigned long
  TFLOAT    float
  TDOUBLE   double
\end{verbatim}


\begin{verbatim}
_________________________________________________________________
int fits_write_subset(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, long *fpixel,
             long *lpixel, DTYPE *array, > int *status)

int fits_read_subset(fitsfile *fptr, int  datatype, long *fpixel,
             long *lpixel, long *inc, void *nulval,  void *array,
             int *anynul, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

Read or write a rectangular section of the FITS image.  These are very
similar to {\tt fits\_write\_pix} and {\tt fits\_read\_pix} except that
you specify the last pixel coordinate (the upper right corner of the
section) instead of the number of pixels to be read.  The read routine
also has an {\tt inc} parameter which can be used to read only every
{\tt inc-th} pixel along each dimension of the image.  Normally  {\tt
inc[0] = inc[1] = 1} to read every pixel in a 2D image.  To read every
other pixel in the entire 2D image, set
\begin{verbatim}
    fpixel[0] = fpixel[1] = 1
    lpixel[0] = {NAXIS1}
    lpixel[1] = {NAXIS2}  
    inc[0] = inc[1] = 2  
\end{verbatim}

Or, to read the 8th row of a 2D image, set 
\begin{verbatim}
    fpixel[0] = 1
    fpixel[1] = 8
    lpixel[0] = {NAXIS1}
    lpixel[1] = 8
    inc[0] = inc[1] = 1
\end{verbatim}

\newpage
% ===================================================================
\subsection{Table I/O Routines}

This section lists the most important CFITSIO routines which operate on
FITS tables.

\begin{verbatim}
__________________________________________________________________________
int fits_create_tbl(fitsfile *fptr, int tbltype, long nrows, int tfields,
    char *ttype[],char *tform[], char *tunit[], char *extname, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

Create a new  table extension by writing the required keywords that
define the table structure. The required null primary array
will be created first if the file is initially completely empty.  {\tt
tbltype} defines the type of table and can have values of {\tt
ASCII\_TBL or BINARY\_TBL}.  Binary tables are generally preferred
because they are more efficient and support a greater range of column
datatypes than ASCII tables.

The {\tt nrows} parameter gives the initial number of empty rows to be
allocated for the table; this should normally be set to 0.  The {\tt tfields}
parameter gives the number of columns in the table (maximum = 999).
The {\tt
ttype, tform}, and {\tt tunit} parameters give the name, datatype, and
physical units of each column, and {\tt extname} gives the name for the
table (the value of the {\tt EXTNAME} keyword).  
The FITS Standard recommends that only
letters, digits, and the underscore character be used in column names
with no embedded spaces.  It is recommended that all the column names
in a given table be unique within the first 8 characters.

The following table
shows the TFORM column format values that are allowed in ASCII tables
and in binary tables:
\begin{verbatim}
        ASCII Table Column Format Codes
        -------------------------------
        (w = column width, d = no. of decimal places to display)
            Aw   - character string
            Iw   - integer
            Fw.d - fixed floating point
            Ew.d - exponential floating point
            Dw.d - exponential floating point

        Binary Table Column Format Codes
        --------------------------------
        (r = vector length, default = 1)
            rA  - character string
            rAw - array of strings, each of length w
            rL  - logical
            rX  - bit
            rB  - unsigned byte
            rS  - signed byte **
            rI  - signed 16-bit integer
            rU  - unsigned 16-bit integer **
            rJ  - signed 32-bit integer
            rV  - unsigned 32-bit integer **
            rK  - signed 64-bit integer
            rE  - 32-bit floating point
            rD  - 64-bit floating point
            rC  - 32-bit complex pair
            rM  - 64-bit complex pair

     ** The S, U and V format codes are not actual legal TFORMn values.
        CFITSIO substitutes the somewhat more complicated set of
        keywords that are used to represent unsigned integers or
        signed bytes.

\end{verbatim}
  
The {\tt tunit} and {\tt extname} parameters are optional and
may be set to NULL
if they are not needed.  

Note that it may be easier to create a new table by copying the
header from another existing table with {\tt fits\_copy\_header} rather
than calling this routine.

\begin{verbatim}
_______________________________________________________________
int fits_get_num_rows(fitsfile *fptr, long *nrows, int *status)
int fits_get_num_cols(fitsfile *fptr, int  *ncols, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

Get the number of rows or columns in the current FITS table.  The
number of rows is given by the {\tt NAXIS2} keyword and the number of columns
is given by the {\tt TFIELDS} keyword in the header of the table.

\begin{verbatim}
_______________________________________________________________
int fits_get_colnum(fitsfile *fptr, int casesen, char *template,
                    int *colnum, int *status)
int fits_get_colname(fitsfile *fptr, int casesen, char *template,
                    char *colname, int *colnum, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

Get the  column number (starting with 1, not 0) of the column whose
name matches the specified template name.  The only difference in
these 2 routines is that the 2nd one also returns the name of the
column that matched the template string.

Normally, {\tt casesen} should
be set to {\tt CASEINSEN}, but it may be set to {\tt CASESEN} to force
the name matching to be case-sensitive.

The input {\tt template} string gives the name of the desired column and
may include wildcard characters:  a `*' matches any sequence of
characters (including zero characters), `?' matches any single
character, and `\#' matches any consecutive string of decimal digits
(0-9).  If more than one column name in the table matches the template
string, then the first match is returned and the status value will be
set to {\tt COL\_NOT\_UNIQUE}  as a warning that a unique match was not
found.  To find the next column that matches the template, call this
routine again leaving the input status value equal to {\tt
COL\_NOT\_UNIQUE}.  Repeat this process until {\tt status =
COL\_NOT\_FOUND}  is returned.

\begin{verbatim}
_______________________________________________________________
int fits_get_coltype(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int *typecode,
                     long *repeat, long *width, int *status)

int fits_get_eqcoltype(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int *typecode,
                     long *repeat, long *width, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

Return the datatype, vector repeat count, and the width in bytes of a
single column element for column number {\tt colnum}.  Allowed values
for the returned datatype in ASCII tables are:  {\tt TSTRING, TSHORT,
TLONG, TFLOAT, and TDOUBLE}.  Binary tables support these additional
types: {\tt TLOGICAL, TBIT, TBYTE, TINT32BIT, TCOMPLEX and TDBLCOMPLEX}.  The
negative of the datatype code value is returned if it is a variable
length array column.

These 2 routines are similar, except that in the case of scaled
integer columns the 2nd routine, fit\_get\_eqcoltype, returns the
'equivalent' datatype that is needed to store the scaled values, which
is not necessarily the same as the physical datatype of the unscaled values
as stored in the FITS table.  For example if a '1I' column in a binary
table has TSCALn = 1 and TZEROn = 32768, then this column effectively
contains unsigned short integer values, and thus the returned value of
typecode will be TUSHORT, not TSHORT.  Or, if TSCALn or TZEROn are not
integers, then the equivalent datatype will be returned as TFLOAT or
TDOUBLE, depending on the size of the integer.

The repeat count is always 1 in ASCII tables.
The 'repeat' parameter returns the vector repeat count on the binary
table TFORMn keyword value. (ASCII table columns always have repeat
= 1).  The 'width' parameter returns the width in bytes of a single
column element (e.g., a '10D' binary table column will have width =
8, an ASCII table 'F12.2' column will have width = 12, and a binary
table'60A' character string  column will have width = 60);  Note that
this routine supports the local convention for specifying arrays of
fixed length strings within a binary table character column using
the syntax TFORM = 'rAw' where 'r' is the total number of
characters (= the width of the column) and 'w' is the width of a
unit string within the column.  Thus if the column has TFORM =
'60A12' then this means that each row of the table contains
5 12-character substrings within the 60-character field, and thus 
in this case this routine will return typecode = TSTRING, repeat =
60, and width = 12.  The number of substings in any binary table
character string field can be calculated by (repeat/width). 
A null pointer may be given for any of the output parameters that
 are not needed.

\begin{verbatim}
____________________________________________________________________________
int fits_insert_rows(fitsfile *fptr, long firstrow, long nrows, int *status)
int fits_delete_rows(fitsfile *fptr, long firstrow, long nrows, int *status)
int fits_delete_rowrange(fitsfile *fptr, char *rangelist, int *status)
int fits_delete_rowlist(fitsfile *fptr, long *rowlist, long nrows, int *stat)
\end{verbatim}

Insert or delete rows in a table.  The blank rows are inserted
immediately following row {\tt frow}. Set {\tt frow} = 0 to insert rows
at the beginning of the table.  The first 'delete' routine deletes {\tt
nrows} rows beginning with row {\tt firstrow}.   The 2nd delete routine
takes an input string listing the rows or row ranges to be deleted
(e.g., '2,4-7, 9-12').  The last delete routine takes an input long
integer array that specifies each individual row to be deleted.  The
row lists must be sorted in ascending order.  All these routines update
the value of the {\tt NAXIS2} keyword to reflect the new number of rows
in the table.

\begin{verbatim}
_________________________________________________________________________
int fits_insert_col(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, char *ttype, char *tform,
                    int *status)
int fits_insert_cols(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int ncols, char **ttype,
                     char **tform, int *status)

int fits_delete_col(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

Insert or delete columns in a table.  {\tt colnum} gives the position
of the column to be inserted or deleted (where the first column of the
table is at position 1).  {\tt ttype} and {\tt tform} give the column
name and column format, where the allowed format codes are listed above
in the description of the {\tt fits\_create\_table} routine.  The 2nd
'insert' routine inserts multiple columns, where {\tt ncols} is the
number of columns to insert, and  {\tt ttype} and {\tt tform} are
arrays of string pointers in this case.

\begin{verbatim}
____________________________________________________________________
int fits_copy_col(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int incolnum,
        int outcolnum, int create_col, int *status);
\end{verbatim}

Copy a column from one table HDU to another.  If {\tt create\_col} = TRUE (i.e., not equal to zero),
then a new column will be inserted in the output table at position
{\tt outcolumn}, otherwise the values in the existing output column will be
overwritten. 

\begin{verbatim}
__________________________________________________________________________
int fits_write_col(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, int colnum, long firstrow,
                  long firstelem, long nelements, void *array, int *status)
int fits_write_colnull(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, int colnum, 
                  long firstrow, long firstelem, long nelements, 
                  void *array, void *nulval, int *status)
int fits_write_col_null(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, long firstrow,
                  long firstelem, long nelements, int *status)

int fits_read_col(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, int colnum, long firstrow,
       long firstelem, long nelements, void *nulval, void *array, 
       int *anynul, int *status)

\end{verbatim}

Write or read elements in column number {\tt colnum}, starting with row
{\tt firstsrow} and element {\tt firstelem} (if it is a vector
column).  {\tt firstelem} is ignored if it is a scalar column. The {\tt
nelements} number of elements are read or written continuing on
successive rows of the table if necessary. {\tt array} is the address
of an array which either contains the  values to be written, or will
hold the returned values that are read.  When reading, {\tt array} must
have been allocated large enough to hold all the returned values.

There are 3 different 'write' column routines:  The first simply writes
the input array into the column.  The second is similar, except that it
substitutes the appropriate null pixel value in the column for any
input array values which are equal to {\tt *nulval} (note that this
parameter gives the address of the null pixel value, not the value
itself).  The third write routine sets the specified table elements
to a null value.  New rows will be automatical added to the table
if the write operation extends beyond the current size of the table.

When reading a column, CFITSIO will substitute the value given by {\tt
nulval}  for  any undefined elements in the FITS column, unless {\tt
nulval} or {\tt *nulval = NULL}, in which case no checks will be made
for undefined values when reading the column.

{\tt datatype} specifies the datatype of the C {\tt array} in the program,
which need not be the same as the intrinsic datatype of the column in
the FITS table.   The following symbolic constants are allowed for the
value of {\tt datatype}:

\begin{verbatim}
  TSTRING   array of character string pointers
  TBYTE     unsigned char
  TSHORT    signed short
  TUSHORT   unsigned short
  TINT      signed int
  TUINT     unsigned int
  TLONG     signed long
  TLONGLONG signed 8-byte integer
  TULONG    unsigned long
  TFLOAT    float
  TDOUBLE   double
\end{verbatim}

Note that {\tt TSTRING} corresponds to the C {\tt
char**} datatype, i.e., a pointer to an array of pointers to an array
of characters.

Any column, regardless of it's intrinsic datatype, may be read as a
{\tt TSTRING} character string. The display format of the returned
strings will be determined by the {\tt TDISPn} keyword, if it exists,
otherwise a default format will be used depending on the datatype of
the column.  The {\tt tablist} example utility program (available from
the CFITSIO web site) uses this feature to display all the values in a
FITS table.

\begin{verbatim}
_____________________________________________________________________
int fits_select_rows(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, char *expr,
                     int *status)
int fits_calculator(fitsfile *infptr, char *expr, fitsfile *outfptr,
                    char *colname, char *tform, int *status) 
\end{verbatim}

These are 2 of the most powerful routines in the CFITSIO library.  (See
the full CFITSIO Reference Guide for a description of several related
routines).  These routines can perform complicated transformations on
tables based on an input arithmetic expression which is evaluated for
each row of the table.  The first routine will select or copy rows of
the table for which the expression evaluates to TRUE (i.e., not equal
to zero).  The second routine writes the value of the expression to a
column in the output table.  Rather than supplying the expression
directly to these routines, the expression may also be written to a
text file (continued over multiple lines if necessary) and the name of
the file, prepended with a '@' character, may be supplied as the value
of the 'expr' parameter (e.g.  '@filename.txt').

The arithmetic expression may be a function of any column or keyword in
the input table as shown in these examples:

\begin{verbatim}
Row Selection Expressions:
   counts > 0                          uses COUNTS column value
   sqrt( X**2 + Y**2) < 10.            uses X and Y column values
   (X > 10) || (X < -10) && (Y == 0)   used 'or' and 'and' operators  
   gtifilter()                         filter on Good Time Intervals
   regfilter("myregion.reg")           filter using a region file
   @select.txt                         reads expression from a text file
Calculator Expressions:
   #row % 10                        modulus of the row number
   counts/#exposure                 Fn of COUNTS column and EXPOSURE keyword
   dec < 85 ? cos(dec * #deg) : 0   Conditional expression: evaluates to
                                      cos(dec) if dec < 85, else 0
   (count{-1}+count+count{+1})/3.   running mean of the count values in the
                                      previous, current, and next rows
   max(0, min(X, 1000))             returns a value between 0 - 1000
   @calc.txt                        reads expression from a text file
\end{verbatim}

Most standard mathematical operators and functions are supported.  If
the expression includes the name of a column, than the value in the
current row of the table will be used when evaluating the expression on
each row.   An offset to an adjacent row can be specified by including
the offset value in curly brackets after the column name as shown in
one of the examples.  Keyword values can be included in the expression
by preceding the keyword name with a `\#' sign.   See Section 5 of this
document for more discussion of the expression syntax.

{\tt gtifilter} is a special function which tests whether the {\tt
TIME} column value in the input table falls within one or more Good
Time Intervals.  By default, this function looks for a 'GTI' extension
in the same file as the input table.  The 'GTI' table contains {\tt START} 
and {\tt STOP} columns which define the range of
each good time interval. See section 5.4.3 for more details.

{\tt regfilter} is another special function which selects rows based on
whether the spatial position associated with each row is located within
in a specified region of the sky.  By default, the {\tt X} and {\tt Y}
columns in the input table are assumed to give the position of each row.
The spatial region is defined in an ASCII text file whose name is given
as the argument to the {\tt regfilter} function. See section 5.4.4 for
more details.

The {\tt infptr} and {\tt outfptr} parameters in these routines may
point to the same table or to different tables.  In {\tt
fits\_select\_rows}, if the input and output tables are the same then
the rows that do not satisfy the selection expression will be deleted
from the table.  Otherwise, if the output table is different from the
input table then the selected rows will be copied from the input table
to the output table.

The output column in {\tt fits\_calculator} may or may not already
exist.  If it exists then the calculated values will be written to that
column, overwriting the existing values.  If the column doesn't exist
then the new column will be appended to the output table. The {\tt tform}
parameter can be used to specify the datatype of the new column (e.g.,
the {\tt TFORM} keyword value as in {\tt '1E', or '1J'}). If {\tt
tform} = NULL then a default datatype will be used, depending on the
expression.

\begin{verbatim}
_____________________________________________________________________
int fits_read_tblbytes(fitsfile *fptr, long firstrow, long firstchar,
                     long nchars, unsigned char *array, int *status)
int fits_write_tblbytes (fitsfile *fptr, long firstrow, long firstchar,
                     long nchars, unsigned char *array, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

These 2 routines provide low-level access to tables and are mainly
useful as an efficient way to copy rows of a table from one file to
another.  These routines simply read or write the specified number of
consecutive characters (bytes) in a table, without regard for column
boundaries.  For example, to read or write the first row of a table,
set {\tt firstrow = 1, firstchar = 1}, and {\tt nchars = NAXIS1} where
the length of a row is given by the value of the {\tt NAXIS1} header
keyword.  When reading a table, {\tt array} must have been declared at
least {\tt nchars} bytes long to hold the returned string of bytes.

\newpage
% ===================================================================
\subsection{Header Keyword I/O Routines}
\nopagebreak
The following routines read and write header keywords in the current HDU.
\nopagebreak

\begin{verbatim}
____________________________________________________________________
int fits_get_hdrspace(fitsfile *fptr, int *keysexist, int *morekeys,
                      int *status)
\end{verbatim}
\nopagebreak
Return the number of existing keywords (not counting the mandatory END
keyword) and the amount of empty space currently available for more
keywords. The {\tt morekeys} parameter may be set to NULL if it's value is
not needed.

\begin{verbatim}
___________________________________________________________________________
int fits_read_record(fitsfile *fptr, int keynum, char *record, int *status)
int fits_read_card(fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *record, int *status)
int fits_read_key(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, char *keyname,
                  void *value, char *comment, int *status)

int fits_find_nextkey(fitsfile *fptr, char **inclist, int ninc,
                      char **exclist, int nexc, char *card, int *status)

int fits_read_key_unit(fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *unit, 
                       int *status)
\end{verbatim}

These routines all read a header record in the current HDU. The first
routine reads keyword number {\tt keynum} (where the first keyword is
at position 1).  This routine is most commonly used when sequentially
reading every record in the header from beginning to end.  The 2nd and
3rd routines read the named keyword and return either the whole
record, or the keyword value and comment string.  In each case any 
non-significant trailing blank characters in the strings are truncated.

Wild card characters (*, ?, and \#) may be used when specifying the name
of the keyword to be read, in which case the first matching keyword is
returned.

The {\tt datatype} parameter specifies the C datatype of the returned
keyword value and can have one of the following symbolic constant
values:  {\tt TSTRING, TLOGICAL} (== int), {\tt TBYTE}, {\tt TSHORT},
{\tt TUSHORT}, {\tt TINT}, {\tt TUINT}, {\tt TLONG}, {\tt TULONG}, {\tt
TFLOAT}, {\tt TDOUBLE}, {\tt TCOMPLEX}, and {\tt TDBLCOMPLEX}.  Data
type conversion will be performed for numeric values if the intrinsic
FITS keyword value does not have the same datatype.  The {\tt comment}
parameter may be set equal to NULL if the comment string is not
needed.

The 4th routine provides an easy way to find all the keywords in the
header that match one of the name templates in {\tt inclist} and do not
match any of the name templates in {\tt exclist}.  {\tt ninc} and {\tt
nexc} are the number of template strings in {\tt inclist} and {\tt
exclist}, respectively.  Wild cards (*, ?, and \#) may be used in the
templates to match multiple keywords.  Each time this routine is called
it returns the next matching 80-byte keyword record.  It returns status
= {\tt KEY\_NO\_EXIST} if there are no more matches.

The 5th routine returns the keyword value units string, if any.
The units are recorded at the beginning of the keyword comment field
enclosed in square brackets.
\begin{verbatim}
_______________________________________________________________
int fits_write_key(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, char *keyname, 
        void *value, char *comment, int *status)
int fits_update_key(fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, char *keyname,
        void *value, char *comment, int *status)
int fits_write_record(fitsfile *fptr, char *card, int *status)

int fits_modify_comment(fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *comment,
        int *status)
int fits_write_key_unit(fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *unit,
        int *status)

\end{verbatim}

Write or modify a keyword  in the header of the current HDU.  The
first routine appends the new keyword to the end of the header, whereas
the second routine will update the value and comment fields of the
keyword if it already exists, otherwise it behaves like the first
routine and appends the new keyword.  Note that {\tt value} gives the
address to the value and not the value itself.  The {\tt datatype}
parameter specifies the C datatype of the keyword value and may have
any of the values listed in the description of the keyword reading
routines, above.  A NULL may be entered for the comment parameter, in
which case the  keyword comment field will be unmodified or left
blank.

The third routine is more primitive and simply writes the 80-character
{\tt card} record to the header.  It is the programmer's responsibility
in this case to ensure that the record conforms to all the FITS format
requirements for a header record.

The fourth routine modifies the comment string in an existing keyword,
and the last routine writes or updates the keyword units string for an
existing keyword.  (The units are recorded at the beginning of the
keyword comment field enclosed in square brackets).

\begin{verbatim}
___________________________________________________________________
int fits_write_comment(fitsfile *fptr, char *comment,  int *status)
int fits_write_history(fitsfile *fptr, char *history,  int *status)
int fits_write_date(fitsfile *fptr,  int *status)
\end{verbatim}

Write a {\tt COMMENT, HISTORY}, or {\tt DATE} keyword to the current
header.  The {\tt COMMENT} keyword is typically used to write a comment
about the file or the data.  The {\tt HISTORY} keyword is typically
used to provide information about the history of the processing
procedures that have been applied to the data.  The {\tt comment} or
{\tt history} string will be continued over multiple keywords if it is
more than 70 characters long.

The {\tt DATE} keyword is used to record the date and time that the
FITS file was created.  Note that this file creation date is usually
different from the date of the observation which obtained the data in
the FITS file.  The {\tt DATE} keyword value is a character string in
'yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss' format. If a {\tt DATE} keyword already exists in
the header, then this routine will update the value with the current
system date.

\begin{verbatim}
___________________________________________________________________
int fits_delete_record(fitsfile *fptr, int keynum,  int *status)
int fits_delete_key(fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname,  int *status)
\end{verbatim}

Delete a keyword record. The first routine deletes a keyword at a
specified position (the first keyword is at position 1, not 0),
whereas the second routine deletes the named keyword.

\begin{verbatim}
_______________________________________________________________________
int fits_copy_header(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr,  int *status)
\end{verbatim}

Copy all the header keywords from the current HDU associated with
infptr to the current HDU associated with outfptr.  If the current
output HDU is not empty, then a new HDU will be appended to the output
file. The output HDU will then have the identical structure as the
input HDU, but will contain no data.

\newpage
% ===================================================================
\subsection{Utility Routines}

This section lists the most important CFITSIO general utility routines.

\begin{verbatim}
___________________________________________________________________
int fits_write_chksum( fitsfile *fptr, int *status)
int fits_verify_chksum(fitsfile *fptr, int *dataok, int *hduok, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

These routines  compute or validate the checksums for the currenrt
HDU.  The {\tt DATASUM} keyword is used to store the numerical value of
the 32-bit, 1's complement checksum for the data unit alone.  The {\tt
CHECKSUM} keyword is used to store the ASCII encoded COMPLEMENT of the
checksum for the entire HDU.  Storing the complement, rather than the
actual checksum, forces the checksum for the whole HDU to equal zero.
If the file has been modified since the checksums were computed, then
the HDU checksum will usually not equal zero.

The returned {\tt dataok} and {\tt hduok} parameters will have a value
= 1 if the data or HDU is verified correctly, a value = 0 if the
{\tt DATASUM} or {\tt CHECKSUM} keyword is not present, or value = -1 if the
computed checksum is not correct.


\begin{verbatim}
___________________________________________________________________
int fits_parse_value(char *card, char *value, char *comment, int *status)
int fits_get_keytype(char *value, char *dtype, int *status)
int fits_get_keyclass(char *card)
int fits_parse_template(char *template, char *card, int *keytype, int *status)

\end{verbatim}

{\tt fits\_parse\_value} parses the input 80-chararacter header keyword record, returning
the value (as a literal character string) and comment strings.  If the
keyword has no value (columns 9-10 not equal to '= '), then a null
value string is returned and the comment string is set equal to column
9 - 80 of the input string.

{\tt fits\_get\_keytype} parses the keyword value string to determine its
datatype.  {\tt dtype} returns with a value of 'C', 'L', 'I', 'F' or
'X', for character string, logical, integer, floating point, or
complex, respectively.

{\tt fits\_get\_keyclass} returns a classification code that indicates
the classification type of the input keyword record (e.g., a required
structural keyword, a TDIM keyword, a WCS keyword, a comment keyword,
etc.  See the CFITSIO Reference Guide for a list of the different
classification codes.

{\tt fits\_parse\_template} takes an input free format keyword template
string and returns a formatted 80*char record that satisfies all the
FITS requirements for a header keyword record.  The template should
generally contain 3 tokens: the keyword name, the keyword value, and
the keyword comment string.  The returned {\tt keytype} parameter
indicates whether the keyword is a COMMENT keyword or not.   See the
CFITSIO Reference Guide for more details.

\newpage
% ===================================================================
\section{CFITSIO File Names and Filters}

\subsection{Creating New Files}

When creating a new output file on magnetic disk  with {\tt
fits\_create\_file} the following features are supported.
\begin{itemize}
\item Overwriting, or 'Clobbering' an Existing File

If the filename is preceded by an exclamation
point (!) then if that file already exists it will be deleted prior to
creating the new FITS file.  Otherwise if there is an existing file
with the same name, CFITSIO will not overwrite the existing file and
will return an error status code.  Note  that the exclamation point is
a special UNIX character, so if it is used on the command line rather
than entered at a task prompt, it must be preceded by a backslash to
force the UNIX shell to pass it verbatim to the application program.

\item Compressed Output Files

If the output disk file name ends with the suffix '.gz', then CFITSIO
will compress the file using the gzip compression algorithm before
writing it to disk.  This can reduce the amount of disk space used by
the file.  Note that this feature requires that the uncompressed file
be constructed in memory before it is compressed and written to disk,
so it can fail if there is insufficient available memory.

One can also specify that any images written to the output file should
be compressed using the newly developed `tile-compression' algorithm by
appending `[compress]' to the name of the disk file (as in
{\tt myfile.fits[compress]}).   Refer to the CFITSIO User's Reference Guide
for more information about this new image compression format.

\item Using a Template to Create a New FITS File

The structure of any new FITS file that is to be created may be defined
in an ASCII template file.  If the name of the template file is
appended to the name of the FITS file itself, enclosed in parenthesis
(e.g., {\tt 'newfile.fits(template.txt)'}) then CFITSIO will create a
FITS file with that structure before opening it for the application to
use.  The template file basically defines the dimensions and data type
of the primary array and any IMAGE extensions, and the names and data
types of the columns in any ASCII or binary table extensions.  The
template file can also be used to define any optional keywords that
should be written in any of the HDU headers.  The image pixel values
and table entry values are all initialized to zero.  The application
program can then write actual data into the HDUs.  See the CFITSIO
Reference Guide for for a complete description of the template file
syntax.

\item Creating a Temporary Scratch File in Memory

It is sometimes useful to create a temporary output file when testing
an application program.  If the name of the file to be created is
specified as {\tt mem:} then CFITSIO will create the file in
memory where it will persist only until the program closes the file.
Use of this {\tt mem:} output file usually enables the program to run
faster, and of course the output file does not use up any disk space.


\end{itemize}

\subsection{Opening Existing Files}

When opening a file with {\tt fits\_open\_file}, CFITSIO can read a
variety of different input file formats and is not restricted to only
reading FITS format files from magnetic disk. The following types of
input files are all supported:

\begin{itemize}
\item FITS files compressed with {\tt zip, gzip} or {\tt compress}

If CFITSIO cannot find the specified file to open it will automatically
look for a file with the same rootname but with a {\tt .gz, .zip}, or
{\tt .Z} extension.  If it finds such a compressed file, it will
allocate a block of memory and uncompress the file into that memory
space.  The application program will then transparently open this
virtual FITS file in memory.  Compressed
files can only be opened with 'readonly', not 'readwrite' file access.

\item  FITS files on the internet, using {\tt ftp} or {\tt http} URLs

Simply provide the full URL as the name of the file that you want to
open.  For example,\linebreak {\tt
ftp://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/software/fitsio/c/testprog.std}\linebreak
will open the CFITSIO test FITS file that is located on the {\tt
legacy} machine.  These files can only be opened with 'readonly' file
access.

\item  FITS files on {\tt stdin} or {\tt stdout} file streams

If the name of the file to be opened is {\tt 'stdin'} or {\tt '-'} (a
single dash character) then CFITSIO will read the file from the
standard input stream.  Similarly, if the output file name is {\tt
'stdout'} or {\tt '-'}, then the file will be written to the standard
output stream.  In addition, if the output filename is {\tt
'stdout.gz'} or {\tt '-.gz'} then it will be gzip compressed before
being written to stdout.  This mechanism can be used to pipe FITS files
from one task to another without having to write an intermediary FITS
file on magnetic disk.

\item FITS files that exist only in memory, or shared memory.

In some applications, such as real time data acquisition, you may want
to have one process write a FITS file into a certain section of
computer memory, and then be able to open that file in memory with
another process.  There is a specialized CFITSIO open routine called
{\tt fits\_open\_memfile} that can be used for this purpose.  See the
``CFITSIO User's Reference Guide'' for more details.

\item  IRAF format images (with {\tt .imh} file extensions)

CFITSIO supports reading IRAF format images by converting them on the
fly into FITS images in memory.  The application program then reads
this virtual FITS format image in memory.  There is currently no
support for writing IRAF format images, or for reading or writing IRAF
tables.

\item Image arrays in raw binary format

If the input file is a raw binary data array, then CFITSIO will convert
it on the fly into a virtual FITS image with the basic set of required
header keywords before it is opened by the application program.  In
this case the data type and dimensions of the image must be specified
in square brackets following the filename (e.g. {\tt
rawfile.dat[ib512,512]}). The first character inside the brackets
defines the datatype of the array:

\begin{verbatim}
     b         8-bit unsigned byte
     i        16-bit signed integer
     u        16-bit unsigned integer
     j        32-bit signed integer
     r or f   32-bit floating point
     d        64-bit floating point
\end{verbatim}
An optional second character specifies the byte order of the array
values: b or B indicates big endian (as in FITS files and the native
format of SUN UNIX workstations and Mac PCs) and l or L indicates
little endian (native format of DEC OSF workstations and IBM PCs).  If
this character is omitted then the array is assumed to have the native
byte order of the local machine.  These datatype characters are then
followed by a series of one or more integer values separated by commas
which define the size of each dimension of the raw array.  Arrays with
up to 5 dimensions are currently supported.  

Finally, a byte offset to the position of the first pixel in the data
file may be specified by separating it with a ':' from the last
dimension value.  If omitted, it is assumed that the offset = 0.  This
parameter may be used to skip over any header information in the file
that precedes the binary data.  Further examples:
 
\begin{verbatim}
  raw.dat[b10000]          1-dimensional 10000 pixel byte array
  raw.dat[rb400,400,12]    3-dimensional floating point big-endian array
  img.fits[ib512,512:2880] reads the 512 x 512 short integer array in a
                           FITS file, skipping over the 2880 byte header
\end{verbatim}

\end{itemize}
\newpage

\subsection{Image Filtering}

\subsubsection{Extracting a subsection of an image}

When specifying the name of an image to be opened, you can select a
rectangular subsection of the image to be extracted and opened by the
application program.  The application program then opens a virtual
image that only contains the pixels within the specified subsection.
To do this, specify the the range of pixels (start:end) along each axis
to be extracted from the original image enclosed in square brackets.
You can also specify an optional pixel increment (start:end:step) for
each axis of the input image.  A pixel step = 1 will be assumed if it
is not specified.  If the starting pixel is larger then the end pixel,
then the image will be flipped (producing a mirror image) along that
dimension.  An asterisk, '*', may be used to specify the entire range
of an axis, and '-*' will flip the entire axis.  In the following
examples, assume that {\tt myfile.fits} contains a 512 x 512 pixel 2D
image.

\begin{verbatim}
  myfile.fits[201:210, 251:260] - opens a 10 x 10 pixel subimage.

  myfile.fits[*, 512:257] - opens a 512 x 256 image consisting of
	      all the columns in the input image, but only rows 257
	      through 512.  The image will be flipped along the Y axis
	      since the starting row is greater than the ending
	      row.

  myfile.fits[*:2, 512:257:2] - creates a 256 x 128 pixel image.
	      Similar to the previous example, but only every other row
	      and column is read from the input image.

  myfile.fits[-*, *] - creates an image containing all the rows and
	      columns in the input image, but flips it along the X
	      axis.
\end{verbatim}

If the array to be opened is in an Image extension, and not in the
primary array of the file, then you need to specify the extension
name or number in square brackets before giving the subsection range,
as in {\tt  myfile.fits[1][-*, *]} to read the image in the
first extension in the file.

\subsubsection{Create an Image by Binning Table Columns}

You can also create and open a virtual image by binning the values in a
pair of columns of a FITS table (in other words, create a 2-D histogram
of the values in the 2 columns).  This technique is often used in X-ray
astronomy where each detected X-ray photon during an observation is
recorded in a FITS table.  There are typically 2 columns in the table
called  {\tt X} and {\tt Y} which record the pixel location of that
event in a virtual 2D image.  To create an image from this table, one
just scans the X and Y columns and counts up how many photons were
recorded in each pixel of the image.  When table binning is specified,
CFITSIO creates a temporary FITS primary array in memory by computing
the histogram of the values in the specified columns.  After the
histogram is computed the original FITS file containing the table is
closed and the temporary FITS primary array is opened and passed to the
application program.  Thus, the application program never sees the
original FITS table and only sees the image in the new temporary file
(which has no extensions).

The table binning specifier is enclosed in square brackets following
the root filename and table extension name or number and begins with
the keyword 'bin', as in: \newline  
{\tt 'myfile.fits[events][bin (X,Y)]'}. In
this case, the X and Y columns in the 'events' table extension are
binned up to create the image.  The size of the image is usually
determined by the {\tt TLMINn} and {\tt TLMAXn} header keywords which
give the minimum and maximum allowed pixel values in the columns.  For
instance if {\tt TLMINn = 1} and {\tt TLMAXn = 4096} for both columns, this would
generate a 4096 x 4096 pixel image by default.  This is rather large,
so you can also specify a pixel binning factor to reduce the image
size.  For example specifying ,  {\tt '[bin (X,Y) = 16]'} will use a
binning factor of 16, which will produce a 256 x 256 pixel image in the
previous example.

If the TLMIN and TLMAX keywords don't exist, or you want to override
their values,  you can specify the image range and binning factor
directly, as in {\tt '[bin X = 1:4096:16, Y=1:4096:16]'}.  You can also
specify the datatype of the created image by appending a b, i, j, r, or
d (for 8-bit byte, 16-bit integers, 32-bit integer, 32-bit floating
points, or 64-bit double precision floating point, respectively)  to
the 'bin' keyword (e.g. {\tt '[binr (X,Y)]'} creates a floating point
image).  If the datatype is not specified then a 32-bit integer image
will be created by default.

If the column name is not specified, then CFITSIO will first try to use
the 'preferred column' as specified by the CPREF keyword if it exists
(e.g., 'CPREF = 'DETX,DETY'), otherwise column names 'X', 'Y' will be
assumed for the 2 axes.

Note that this binning specifier is not restricted to only 2D images
and can be used to create 1D, 3D, or 4D images as well.  It is also
possible to specify a weighting factor that is applied during the
binning.  Please refer to the ``CFITSIO User's Reference Guide'' for
more details on these advanced features.
\newpage

\subsection{Table Filtering}

\subsubsection{Column and Keyword Filtering}

The column or keyword filtering specifier is used to modify the
column structure and/or the header keywords in the HDU that was
selected with the previous HDU location specifier.   It can
be used to perform the following types of operations. 

\begin{itemize}
\item
Append a new column to a table by giving the column name, optionally
followed by the datatype in parentheses, followed by an equals sign and
the arithmetic  expression to be used to compute the value.  The
datatype is specified using the same syntax that is allowed for the
value of the FITS TFORMn keyword (e.g., 'I', 'J', 'E', 'D', etc. for
binary tables, and 'I8', F12.3', 'E20.12', etc.  for ASCII tables).  If
the datatype is not specified then a default datatype will be chosen
depending on the expression.

\item
Create a new header keyword by giving the keyword name, preceded by a
pound sign '\#', followed by an equals sign and an arithmetic
expression for the value of the keyword.  The expression may be a
function of other header keyword values.  The comment string for the
keyword may be specified in parentheses immediately following the
keyword name.

\item
Overwrite the values in an existing column or keyword by giving the
name followed by an equals sign and an arithmetic expression.

\item
Select a set of columns to be included in the filtered file by listing
the column names separated with semi-colons.   Wild card characters may
be used in the column names to match multiple columns.  Any other
columns in the input table will not appear in the filtered file.

\item
Delete a column or keyword by listing the name preceded by a minus sign
or an exclamation mark (!)

\item
Rename an existing column or keyword with the syntax 'NewName ==
OldName'.

\end{itemize}

The column filtering specifier is enclosed in square brackets and
begins with the string 'col'.   Multiple operations can be performed
by separating them with semi-colons.  For  complex  or commonly used
operations,  you can write the column filter to a text file, and then
use it by giving the name of the text file, preceded by a '@'
character.

Some examples:

\begin{verbatim}
  [col PI=PHA * 1.1 + 0.2]      - creates new PI column from PHA values

  [col rate = counts/exposure]  - creates or overwrites the rate column by
                                  dividing the counts column by the
                                  EXPOSURE keyword value.

  [col TIME; X; Y]              - only the listed columns will appear
                                  in the filtered file

  [col Time;*raw]               - include the Time column and any other
                                  columns whose name ends with 'raw'.

  [col -TIME; Good == STATUS]   - deletes the TIME column and
                                  renames the STATUS column to GOOD

  [col @colfilt.txt]            - uses the filtering expression in
                                  the colfilt.txt text file
\end{verbatim}

The original file is not changed by this filtering operation, and
instead the modifications are made on a temporary copy of the input
FITS file (usually in memory), which includes a copy of all the other
HDUs in the input file.   The original input file is closed and the
application program opens the filtered copy of the file.

\subsubsection{Row Filtering}

The row filter is used to select a subset of the rows from a table
based on a boolean expression.  A temporary new FITS file is created on
the fly (usually in memory) which contains only those rows for which
the row filter expression evaluates to true (i.e., not equal to zero).
The primary array and any other extensions in the input file are also
copied to the temporary file.  The original FITS file is closed and the
new temporary file is then opened by the application program.

The row filter expression is enclosed in square brackets following the
file name and extension name.  For example, {\tt
'file.fits[events][GRADE==50]'}  selects only those rows in the EVENTS
table where the GRADE column value is equal to 50).

The row filtering  expression can be an arbitrarily  complex series of
operations performed  on constants,  keyword values,  and column data
taken from the specified FITS TABLE extension.  The expression 
also can be written into a text file and then used by giving the
filename preceded by a '@' character, as in
{\tt '[@rowfilt.txt]'}.

Keyword and column data  are referenced by   name.  Any  string of
characters not surrounded by    quotes (ie, a constant  string)   or
followed by   an open parentheses (ie,   a  function name)   will be
initially interpreted   as a column  name and  its contents for the
current row inserted into the expression.  If no such column exists,
a keyword of that  name will be searched for  and its value used, if
found.  To force the  name to be  interpreted as a keyword (in case
there is both a column and keyword with the  same name), precede the
keyword name with a single pound sign, '\#', as in {\tt \#NAXIS2}.  Due to
the generalities of FITS column and  keyword names, if the column or
keyword name  contains a space or a  character which might appear as
an arithmetic  term then inclose  the  name in '\$'  characters as in
{\tt \$MAX PHA\$} or {\tt \#\$MAX-PHA\$}.  The names are case insensitive.

To access a table entry in a row other  than the current one, follow
the  column's name  with  a row  offset  within  curly  braces.  For
example, {\tt'PHA\{-3\}'} will evaluate to the value  of column PHA, 3 rows
above  the  row currently  being processed.   One  cannot specify an
absolute row number, only a relative offset.  Rows that fall outside
the table will be treated as undefined, or NULLs.

Boolean   operators can be  used in  the expression  in either their
Fortran or C forms.  The following boolean operators are available:

\begin{verbatim}
    "equal"         .eq. .EQ. ==  "not equal"          .ne.  .NE.  !=
    "less than"     .lt. .LT. <   "less than/equal"    .le.  .LE.  <= =<
    "greater than"  .gt. .GT. >   "greater than/equal" .ge.  .GE.  >= =>
    "or"            .or. .OR. ||  "and"                .and. .AND. &&
    "negation"     .not. .NOT. !  "approx. equal(1e-7)"  ~
\end{verbatim}

Note  that the exclamation point,  '!', is a special UNIX character, so
if it is used  on the command line rather than entered at a task
prompt, it must be  preceded by a backslash to force the UNIX shell to
ignore it.

The expression may  also include arithmetic operators and functions.
Trigonometric  functions use  radians,  not degrees.  The  following
arithmetic  operators and  functions  can be  used in the expression
(function names are case insensitive):

 
\begin{verbatim}
    "addition"           +          "subtraction"          -
    "multiplication"     *          "division"             /
    "negation"           -          "exponentiation"       **   ^
    "absolute value"     abs(x)     "cosine"               cos(x)
    "sine"               sin(x)     "tangent"              tan(x)
    "arc cosine"         arccos(x)  "arc sine"             arcsin(x)
    "arc tangent"        arctan(x)  "arc tangent"          arctan2(x,y)
    "exponential"        exp(x)     "square root"          sqrt(x)
    "natural log"        log(x)     "common log"           log10(x)
    "modulus"            i % j      "random # [0.0,1.0)"   random()
    "minimum"            min(x,y)   "maximum"              max(x,y)
    "if-then-else"       b?x:y
\end{verbatim}


The  following  type  casting  operators  are  available,  where the
inclosing parentheses are required and taken  from  the  C  language
usage. Also, the integer to real casts values to double precision:

\begin{verbatim}
                "real to integer"    (int) x     (INT) x
                "integer to real"    (float) i   (FLOAT) i
\end{verbatim}


Several constants are built in  for  use  in  numerical
expressions:

 
\begin{verbatim}
        #pi              3.1415...      #e             2.7182...
        #deg             #pi/180        #row           current row number
        #null         undefined value   #snull         undefined string
\end{verbatim}

A  string constant must  be enclosed  in quotes  as in  'Crab'.  The
"null" constants  are useful for conditionally  setting table values to
a NULL, or undefined, value (For example,  {\tt "col1==-99 ? \#NULL :
col1"}).

There is also a function for testing if  two  values  are  close  to
each  other,  i.e.,  if  they are "near" each other to within a user
specified tolerance. The  arguments,  {\tt value\_1}  and  {\tt value\_2}  can  be
integer  or  real  and  represent  the two values who's proximity is
being tested to be within the specified tolerance, also  an  integer
or real:

\begin{verbatim}
                    near(value_1, value_2, tolerance)
\end{verbatim}

When  a  NULL, or undefined, value is encountered in the FITS table,
the expression will evaluate to NULL unless the undefined  value  is
not   actually   required  for  evaluation,  e.g. "TRUE  .or.  NULL"
evaluates to TRUE. The  following  two  functions  allow  some  NULL
detection  and  handling:  

\begin{verbatim}
                   ISNULL(x)
                   DEFNULL(x,y)
\end{verbatim}

The former returns a boolean value of TRUE if the  argument  x  is
NULL.   The later  "defines"  a  value  to  be  substituted  for NULL
values; it returns the value of x if x is not NULL, otherwise  it
returns  the value of y.

Bit  masks can be used to select out rows from bit columns ({\tt TFORMn =
\#X}) in FITS files. To represent the mask,  binary,  octal,  and  hex
formats are allowed:
 
\begin{verbatim}
                 binary:   b0110xx1010000101xxxx0001
                 octal:    o720x1 -> (b111010000xxx001)
                 hex:      h0FxD  -> (b00001111xxxx1101)
\end{verbatim}

In  all  the  representations, an x or X is allowed in the mask as a
wild card. Note that the x represents a  different  number  of  wild
card  bits  in  each  representation.  All  representations are case
insensitive.

To construct the boolean expression using the mask  as  the  boolean
equal  operator  described above on a bit table column. For example,
if you had a 7 bit column named flags in a  FITS  table  and  wanted
all  rows  having  the bit pattern 0010011, the selection expression
would be:

 
\begin{verbatim}
                            flags == b0010011
    or
                            flags .eq. b10011
\end{verbatim}

It is also possible to test if a range of bits is  less  than,  less
than  equal,  greater  than  and  greater than equal to a particular
boolean value:

 
\begin{verbatim}
                            flags <= bxxx010xx
                            flags .gt. bxxx100xx
                            flags .le. b1xxxxxxx
\end{verbatim}

Notice the use of the x bit value to limit the range of  bits  being
compared.

It  is  not necessary to specify the leading (most significant) zero
(0) bits in the mask, as shown in the second expression above.

Bit wise AND, OR and NOT operations are  also  possible  on  two  or
more  bit  fields  using  the  '\&'(AND),  '$|$'(OR),  and the '!'(NOT)
operators. All of these operators result in a bit  field  which  can
then be used with the equal operator. For example:

 
\begin{verbatim}
                          (!flags) == b1101100
                          (flags & b1000001) == bx000001
\end{verbatim}

Bit  fields can be appended as well using the '+' operator.  Strings
can be concatenated this way, too.

\subsubsection{Good Time Interval Filtering}

    A common filtering method involves selecting rows which have a time
    value which lies within what is called a Good Time Interval or GTI.
    The time intervals are defined in a separate FITS table extension
    which contains 2 columns giving the start and stop time of each
    good interval.  The filtering operation accepts only those rows of
    the input table which have an associated time which falls within
    one of the time intervals defined in the GTI extension. A high
    level function, gtifilter(a,b,c,d), is available which evaluates
    each row of the input table  and returns TRUE  or FALSE depending
    whether the row is inside or outside the  good time interval.  The
    syntax is
 
\begin{verbatim}
      gtifilter( [ "gtifile" [, expr [, "STARTCOL", "STOPCOL" ] ] ] )
\end{verbatim}
    where  each "[]" demarks optional parameters.  Note that  the quotes
    around the gtifile and START/STOP column are required.  Either single
    or double quote characters may be used.  The gtifile,
    if specified,  can be blank  ("") which will  mean to use  the first
    extension  with   the name "*GTI*"  in   the current  file,  a plain
    extension  specifier (eg, "+2",  "[2]", or "[STDGTI]") which will be
    used  to  select  an extension  in  the current  file, or  a regular
    filename with or without an extension  specifier which in the latter
    case  will mean to  use the first  extension  with an extension name
    "*GTI*".  Expr can be   any arithmetic expression, including  simply
    the time  column  name.  A  vector  time expression  will  produce a
    vector boolean  result.  STARTCOL and  STOPCOL are the  names of the
    START/STOP   columns in the    GTI extension.  If   one  of them  is
    specified, they both  must be.

    In  its  simplest form, no parameters need to be provided -- default
    values will be used.  The expression {\tt "gtifilter()"} is equivalent to
 
\begin{verbatim}
       gtifilter( "", TIME, "*START*", "*STOP*" )
\end{verbatim}
    This will search the current file for a GTI  extension,  filter  the
    TIME  column in the current table, using START/STOP times taken from
    columns in the GTI  extension  with  names  containing  the  strings
    "START"  and "STOP".  The wildcards ('*') allow slight variations in
    naming conventions  such  as  "TSTART"  or  "STARTTIME".   The  same
    default  values  apply for unspecified parameters when the first one
    or  two  parameters  are  specified.   The  function   automatically
    searches   for   TIMEZERO/I/F   keywords  in  the  current  and  GTI
    extensions, applying a relative time offset, if necessary.

\subsubsection{Spatial Region Filtering}

    Another common  filtering method selects rows based on whether the
    spatial position associated with each row is located within a given
    2-dimensional region.  The syntax for this high-level filter is
 
\begin{verbatim}
       regfilter( "regfilename" [ , Xexpr, Yexpr [ , "wcs cols" ] ] )
\end{verbatim}
    where each "[ ]" demarks optional parameters. The region file name
    is required and must be  enclosed in quotes.  The remaining
    parameters are optional.  The region file is an ASCII text file
    which contains a list of one or more geometric shapes (circle,
    ellipse, box, etc.) which defines a region on the celestial sphere
    or an area within a particular 2D image.  The region file is
    typically generated using an image display program such as fv/POW
    (distribute by the HEASARC), or ds9 (distributed by the Smithsonian
    Astrophysical Observatory).  Users should refer to the documentation
    provided with these programs for more details on the syntax used in
    the region files.

    In its simpliest form, (e.g., {\tt regfilter("region.reg")} ) the
    coordinates in the default 'X' and 'Y' columns will be used to
    determine if each row is inside or outside the area specified in
    the region file.  Alternate position column names, or expressions,
    may be entered if needed, as in
 
\begin{verbatim}
        regfilter("region.reg", XPOS, YPOS)
\end{verbatim}
    Region filtering can be applied most unambiguously if the positions
    in the region file and in the table to be filtered are both give in
    terms of absolute celestial coordinate units.  In this case the
    locations and sizes of the geometric shapes in the region file are
    specified in angular units on the sky (e.g., positions given in
    R.A. and Dec.  and sizes in arcseconds or arcminutes).  Similarly,
    each row of the filtered table will have a celestial coordinate
    associated with it.  This association is usually implemented using
    a set of so-called 'World Coordinate System' (or WCS) FITS keywords
    that define the coordinate transformation that must be applied to
    the values in the 'X' and 'Y' columns to calculate the coordinate.

    Alternatively, one can perform spatial filtering using unitless
    'pixel' coordinates for the regions and row positions.  In this
    case the user must be careful to ensure that the positions in the 2
    files are self-consistent.  A typical problem is that the region
    file may be generated using a binned image, but the unbinned
    coordinates are given in the event table.  The ROSAT events files,
    for example, have X and Y pixel coordinates that range from 1 -
    15360.  These coordinates are typically binned by a factor of 32 to
    produce a 480x480 pixel image.  If one then uses a region file
    generated from this image (in image pixel units) to filter the
    ROSAT events file, then the X and Y column values must be converted
    to corresponding pixel units as in:
 
\begin{verbatim}
        regfilter("rosat.reg", X/32.+.5, Y/32.+.5)
\end{verbatim}
    Note that this binning conversion is not necessary if the region
    file is specified using celestial coordinate units instead of pixel
    units because CFITSIO is then able to directly compare the
    celestial coordinate of each row in the table with the celestial
    coordinates in the region file without having to know anything
    about how the image may have been binned.

    The last "wcs cols" parameter should rarely be needed. If supplied,
    this  string contains the names of the 2 columns (space or comma
    separated) which have the associated WCS keywords. If not supplied,
    the filter  will scan the X  and Y expressions for column names.
    If only one is found in each  expression, those columns will be
    used, otherwise an error will be returned.

    These region shapes are supported (names are case insensitive):
 
\begin{verbatim}
       Point         ( X1, Y1 )               <- One pixel square region
       Line          ( X1, Y1, X2, Y2 )       <- One pixel wide region
       Polygon       ( X1, Y1, X2, Y2, ... )  <- Rest are interiors with
       Rectangle     ( X1, Y1, X2, Y2, A )       | boundaries considered
       Box           ( Xc, Yc, Wdth, Hght, A )   V within the region
       Diamond       ( Xc, Yc, Wdth, Hght, A )
       Circle        ( Xc, Yc, R )
       Annulus       ( Xc, Yc, Rin, Rout )
       Ellipse       ( Xc, Yc, Rx, Ry, A )
       Elliptannulus ( Xc, Yc, Rinx, Riny, Routx, Routy, Ain, Aout )
       Sector        ( Xc, Yc, Amin, Amax )
\end{verbatim}
    where (Xc,Yc) is  the coordinate of  the shape's center; (X\#,Y\#) are
    the coordinates  of the shape's edges;  Rxxx are the shapes' various
    Radii or semimajor/minor  axes; and Axxx  are the angles of rotation
    (or bounding angles for Sector) in degrees.  For rotated shapes, the
    rotation angle  can  be left  off, indicating  no rotation.   Common
    alternate  names for the regions  can also be  used: rotbox = box;
    rotrectangle = rectangle;  (rot)rhombus = (rot)diamond;  and pie
    = sector.  When a  shape's name is  preceded by a minus sign, '-',
    the defined region  is instead the area  *outside* its boundary (ie,
    the region is inverted).  All the shapes within a single region
    file are OR'd together to create the region, and the order is
    significant. The overall way of looking at region files is that if
    the first region is an excluded region then a dummy included region
    of the whole detector is inserted in the front. Then each region
    specification as it is processed overrides any selections inside of
    that region specified by previous regions. Another way of thinking
    about this is that if a previous excluded region is completely
    inside of a subsequent included region the excluded region is
    ignored.

    The positional coordinates may be given either in pixel units,
    decimal degrees or hh:mm:ss.s, dd:mm:ss.s units.  The shape sizes
    may be given in pixels, degrees, arcminutes, or arcseconds.  Look
    at examples of region file produced by fv/POW or ds9 for further
    details of the region file format.

\subsubsection{Example Row Filters}
 
\begin{verbatim}
    [double && mag <= 5.0]        -  Extract all double stars brighter
                                     than  fifth magnitude 

    [#row >= 125 && #row <= 175]   - Extract row numbers 125 through 175

    [abs(sin(theta * #deg)) < 0.5] - Extract all rows having the
                                     absolute value of the sine of theta
                                     less  than a half where the angles
                                     are tabulated in degrees

    [@rowFilter.txt]               - Extract rows using the expression
                                     contained within the text file
                                     rowFilter.txt

    [gtifilter()]                  - Search the current file for a GTI
				     extension,  filter  the TIME
				     column in the current table, using
				     START/STOP times taken from
				     columns in the GTI  extension

    [regfilter("pow.reg")]         - Extract rows which have a coordinate
                                     (as given in the X and Y columns)
                                     within the spatial region specified
                                     in the pow.reg region file.
\end{verbatim}

\newpage
\subsection{Combined Filtering Examples}

The previous sections described all the individual types of filters
that may be applied to the input file.  In this section we show
examples which combine several different filters at once.  These
examples all use the {\tt fitscopy} program that is distributed with
the CFITSIO code.  It simply copies the input file to the output file.

\begin{verbatim}
fitscopy rosat.fit out.fit
\end{verbatim}

This trivial example simply makes an identical copy of the input
rosat.fit file without any filtering.

\begin{verbatim}
fitscopy 'rosat.fit[events][col Time;X;Y][#row < 1000]' out.fit
\end{verbatim}

The output file contains only the Time, X, and Y columns, and only
the first 999 rows from the 'EVENTS' table extension of the input file.
All the other HDUs in the input file are copied to the output file
without any modification.

\begin{verbatim}
fitscopy 'rosat.fit[events][PI < 50][bin (Xdet,Ydet) = 16]' image.fit
\end{verbatim}

This creates an output image by binning the Xdet and Ydet columns of
the events table with a pixel binning factor of 16.  Only the rows
which have a PI energy less than 50 are used to construct this image.
The output image file contains a primary array image without any
extensions.

\begin{verbatim}
fitscopy 'rosat.fit[events][gtifilter() && regfilter("pow.reg")]' out.fit
\end{verbatim}

The filtering expression in this example uses the {\tt gtifilter}
function to test whether the TIME column value in each row is within
one of the Good Time Intervals defined in the GTI extension in the same
input file, and also uses the {\tt regfilter} function to test if the
position associated with each row (derived by default from the values
in the X and Y columns of the events table) is located within the area
defined in the {\tt pow.reg} text region file (which was previously
created with the {\tt fv/POW} image display program).  Only the rows
which satisfy both tests are copied to the output table.

\begin{verbatim}
fitscopy 'r.fit[evt][PI<50]' stdout | fitscopy stdin[evt][col X,Y] out.fit
\end{verbatim}

In this somewhat convoluted example, fitscopy is used to first select
the rows from the evt extension which have PI less than 50 and write the
resulting table out to the stdout stream.  This is piped to a 2nd
instance of fitscopy (with the Unix `$|$' pipe command) which reads that
filtered FITS file from the stdin stream and copies only the X and Y
columns from the evt table to the output file.

\begin{verbatim}
fitscopy 'r.fit[evt][col RAD=sqrt((X-#XCEN)**2+(Y-#YCEN)**2)][rad<100]' out.fit
\end{verbatim}

This example first creates a new column called RAD which gives the
distance between the X,Y coordinate of each event and the coordinate
defined by the XCEN and YCEN keywords in the header.  Then, only those
rows which have a distance less than 100 are copied to the output
table.  In other words, only the events which are located within 100
pixel units from the (XCEN, YCEN) coordinate are copied to the output
table.

\begin{verbatim}
fitscopy 'ftp://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/rosat.fit[events][bin (X,Y)=16]' img.fit
\end{verbatim}

This example bins the X and Y columns of the hypothetical ROSAT file 
at the HEASARC ftp site to create the output image.

\begin{verbatim}
fitscopy 'raw.fit[i512,512][101:110,51:60]' image.fit
\end{verbatim}

This example converts the 512 x 512 pixel raw binary 16-bit integer
image to a FITS file and copies a 10 x 10 pixel subimage from it to the
output FITS image.

\newpage
\section{CFITSIO Error Status Codes}

The following table lists all the error status codes used by CFITSIO.
Programmers are encouraged to use the symbolic mnemonics (defined in
the file fitsio.h) rather than the actual integer status values to
improve the readability of their code.

\begin{verbatim}
 Symbolic Const    Value     Meaning
 --------------    -----  -----------------------------------------
                     0    OK, no error
 SAME_FILE         101    input and output files are the same
 TOO_MANY_FILES    103    tried to open too many FITS files at once
 FILE_NOT_OPENED   104    could not open the named file
 FILE_NOT_CREATED  105    could not create the named file
 WRITE_ERROR       106    error writing to FITS file
 END_OF_FILE       107    tried to move past end of file
 READ_ERROR        108    error reading from FITS file
 FILE_NOT_CLOSED   110    could not close the file
 ARRAY_TOO_BIG     111    array dimensions exceed internal limit
 READONLY_FILE     112    Cannot write to readonly file
 MEMORY_ALLOCATION 113    Could not allocate memory
 BAD_FILEPTR       114    invalid fitsfile pointer
 NULL_INPUT_PTR    115    NULL input pointer to routine 
 SEEK_ERROR        116    error seeking position in file 

 BAD_URL_PREFIX     121   invalid URL prefix on file name 
 TOO_MANY_DRIVERS   122   tried to register too many IO drivers 
 DRIVER_INIT_FAILED 123   driver initialization failed 
 NO_MATCHING_DRIVER 124   matching driver is not registered 
 URL_PARSE_ERROR    125   failed to parse input file URL

 SHARED_BADARG     151    bad argument in shared memory driver
 SHARED_NULPTR     152    null pointer passed as an argument
 SHARED_TABFULL    153    no more free shared memory handles
 SHARED_NOTINIT    154    shared memory driver is not initialized
 SHARED_IPCERR     155    IPC error returned by a system call
 SHARED_NOMEM      156    no memory in shared memory driver
 SHARED_AGAIN      157    resource deadlock would occur
 SHARED_NOFILE     158    attempt to open/create lock file failed
 SHARED_NORESIZE   159    shared memory block cannot be resized at the moment

 HEADER_NOT_EMPTY  201    header already contains keywords
 KEY_NO_EXIST      202    keyword not found in header
 KEY_OUT_BOUNDS    203    keyword record number is out of bounds
 VALUE_UNDEFINED   204    keyword value field is blank 
 NO_QUOTE          205    string is missing the closing quote
 BAD_KEYCHAR       207    illegal character in keyword name or card
 BAD_ORDER         208    required keywords out of order
 NOT_POS_INT       209    keyword value is not a positive integer
 NO_END            210    couldn't find END keyword
 BAD_BITPIX        211    illegal BITPIX keyword value
 BAD_NAXIS         212    illegal NAXIS keyword value
 BAD_NAXES         213    illegal NAXISn keyword value
 BAD_PCOUNT        214    illegal PCOUNT keyword value
 BAD_GCOUNT        215    illegal GCOUNT keyword value
 BAD_TFIELDS       216    illegal TFIELDS keyword value
 NEG_WIDTH         217    negative table row size
 NEG_ROWS          218    negative number of rows in table
 COL_NOT_FOUND     219    column with this name not found in table
 BAD_SIMPLE        220    illegal value of SIMPLE keyword
 NO_SIMPLE         221    Primary array doesn't start with SIMPLE
 NO_BITPIX         222    Second keyword not BITPIX
 NO_NAXIS          223    Third keyword not NAXIS
 NO_NAXES          224    Couldn't find all the NAXISn keywords
 NO_XTENSION       225    HDU doesn't start with XTENSION keyword
 NOT_ATABLE        226    the CHDU is not an ASCII table extension
 NOT_BTABLE        227    the CHDU is not a binary table extension
 NO_PCOUNT         228    couldn't find PCOUNT keyword
 NO_GCOUNT         229    couldn't find GCOUNT keyword
 NO_TFIELDS        230    couldn't find TFIELDS keyword
 NO_TBCOL          231    couldn't find TBCOLn keyword
 NO_TFORM          232    couldn't find TFORMn keyword
 NOT_IMAGE         233    the CHDU is not an IMAGE extension
 BAD_TBCOL         234    TBCOLn keyword value < 0 or > rowlength
 NOT_TABLE         235    the CHDU is not a table
 COL_TOO_WIDE      236    column is too wide to fit in table
 COL_NOT_UNIQUE    237    more than 1 column name matches template
 BAD_ROW_WIDTH     241    sum of column widths not = NAXIS1
 UNKNOWN_EXT       251    unrecognizable FITS extension type
 UNKNOWN_REC       252    unknown record; 1st keyword not SIMPLE or XTENSION
 END_JUNK          253    END keyword is not blank
 BAD_HEADER_FILL   254    Header fill area contains non-blank chars
 BAD_DATA_FILL     255    Illegal data fill bytes (not zero or blank)
 BAD_TFORM         261    illegal TFORM format code
 BAD_TFORM_DTYPE   262    unrecognizable TFORM datatype code
 BAD_TDIM          263    illegal TDIMn keyword value
 BAD_HEAP_PTR      264    invalid BINTABLE heap pointer is out of range

 BAD_HDU_NUM       301    HDU number < 1 or > MAXHDU
 BAD_COL_NUM       302    column number < 1 or > tfields
 NEG_FILE_POS      304    tried to move to negative byte location in file
 NEG_BYTES         306    tried to read or write negative number of bytes
 BAD_ROW_NUM       307    illegal starting row number in table
 BAD_ELEM_NUM      308    illegal starting element number in vector
 NOT_ASCII_COL     309    this is not an ASCII string column
 NOT_LOGICAL_COL   310    this is not a logical datatype column
 BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT 311    ASCII table column has wrong format
 BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT 312    Binary table column has wrong format
 NO_NULL           314    null value has not been defined
 NOT_VARI_LEN      317    this is not a variable length column
 BAD_DIMEN         320    illegal number of dimensions in array
 BAD_PIX_NUM       321    first pixel number greater than last pixel
 ZERO_SCALE        322    illegal BSCALE or TSCALn keyword = 0
 NEG_AXIS          323    illegal axis length < 1

 NOT_GROUP_TABLE       340   Grouping function error
 HDU_ALREADY_MEMBER    341
 MEMBER_NOT_FOUND      342
 GROUP_NOT_FOUND       343
 BAD_GROUP_ID          344
 TOO_MANY_HDUS_TRACKED 345
 HDU_ALREADY_TRACKED   346
 BAD_OPTION            347
 IDENTICAL_POINTERS    348
 BAD_GROUP_ATTACH      349
 BAD_GROUP_DETACH      350

 NGP_NO_MEMORY         360     malloc failed
 NGP_READ_ERR          361     read error from file
 NGP_NUL_PTR           362     null pointer passed as an argument.
                                 Passing null pointer as a name of
                                 template file raises this error
 NGP_EMPTY_CURLINE     363     line read seems to be empty (used
                                 internally)
 NGP_UNREAD_QUEUE_FULL 364     cannot unread more then 1 line (or single
                                 line twice)
 NGP_INC_NESTING       365     too deep include file nesting (infinite
                                 loop, template includes itself ?)
 NGP_ERR_FOPEN         366     fopen() failed, cannot open template file
 NGP_EOF               367     end of file encountered and not expected
 NGP_BAD_ARG           368     bad arguments passed. Usually means
                                 internal parser error. Should not happen
 NGP_TOKEN_NOT_EXPECT  369     token not expected here

 BAD_I2C           401    bad int to formatted string conversion
 BAD_F2C           402    bad float to formatted string conversion
 BAD_INTKEY        403    can't interpret keyword value as integer
 BAD_LOGICALKEY    404    can't interpret keyword value as logical
 BAD_FLOATKEY      405    can't interpret keyword value as float
 BAD_DOUBLEKEY     406    can't interpret keyword value as double
 BAD_C2I           407    bad formatted string to int conversion
 BAD_C2F           408    bad formatted string to float conversion
 BAD_C2D           409    bad formatted string to double conversion
 BAD_DATATYPE      410    illegal datatype code value
 BAD_DECIM         411    bad number of decimal places specified
 NUM_OVERFLOW      412    overflow during datatype conversion
 DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR   413  error compressing image 
 DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR 414  error uncompressing image 

 BAD_DATE          420    error in date or time conversion 

 PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR  431    syntax error in parser expression 
 PARSE_BAD_TYPE    432    expression did not evaluate to desired type 
 PARSE_LRG_VECTOR  433    vector result too large to return in array 
 PARSE_NO_OUTPUT   434    data parser failed not sent an out column 
 PARSE_BAD_COL     435    bad data encounter while parsing column 
 PARSE_BAD_OUTPUT  436    Output file not of proper type          

 ANGLE_TOO_BIG     501    celestial angle too large for projection 
 BAD_WCS_VAL       502    bad celestial coordinate or pixel value 
 WCS_ERROR         503    error in celestial coordinate calculation  
 BAD_WCS_PROJ      504    unsupported type of celestial projection 
 NO_WCS_KEY        505    celestial coordinate keywords not found
 APPROX_WCS_KEY    506    approximate wcs keyword values were returned
\end{verbatim}

\end{document}
cfitsio-4.3.1/docs/fitsio.toc0000644000225700000360000001625614456514035015422 0ustar  cagordonlhea\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {1}Introduction }{1}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {2} Creating FITSIO/CFITSIO }{3}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.1}Building the Library}{3}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.2}Testing the Library}{6}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.3}Linking Programs with FITSIO}{7}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.4}Getting Started with FITSIO}{7}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.5}Example Program}{8}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.6}Legal Stuff}{9}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.7}Acknowledgments}{10}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {3} A FITS Primer }{13}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {4}FITSIO Conventions and Guidelines }{15}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.1}CFITSIO Size Limitations}{15}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.2}Multiple Access to the Same FITS File}{16}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.3}Current Header Data Unit (CHDU)}{16}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.4}Subroutine Names}{16}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.5}Subroutine Families and Datatypes}{17}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.6}Implicit Data Type Conversion}{17}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.7}Data Scaling}{18}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.8}Error Status Values and the Error Message Stack}{18}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.9}Variable-Length Array Facility in Binary Tables}{19}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.10}Support for IEEE Special Values}{20}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.11}When the Final Size of the FITS HDU is Unknown}{21}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.12}Local FITS Conventions supported by FITSIO}{21}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.12.1}Support for Long String Keyword Values.}{21}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.12.2}Arrays of Fixed-Length Strings in Binary Tables}{22}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.12.3}Keyword Units Strings}{23}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.12.4}HIERARCH Convention for Extended Keyword Names}{23}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.13}Optimizing Code for Maximum Processing Speed}{24}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.13.1}Background Information: How CFITSIO Manages Data I/O}{24}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.13.2}Optimization Strategies}{25}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {5} Basic Interface Routines }{29}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.1}FITSIO Error Status Routines }{29}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.2}File I/O Routines}{30}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.3}Keyword I/O Routines}{32}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.4}Data I/O Routines}{33}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {6} Advanced Interface Subroutines }{35}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.1}FITS File Open and Close Subroutines: }{35}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.2}HDU-Level Operations }{38}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.3}Define or Redefine the structure of the CHDU }{41}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.4}FITS Header I/O Subroutines}{43}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.1}Header Space and Position Routines }{43}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.2}Read or Write Standard Header Routines }{43}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.3}Write Keyword Subroutines }{45}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.4}Insert Keyword Subroutines }{47}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.5}Read Keyword Subroutines }{47}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.6}Modify Keyword Subroutines }{49}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.7}Update Keyword Subroutines }{50}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.8}Delete Keyword Subroutines }{51}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.5}Data Scaling and Undefined Pixel Parameters }{51}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.6}FITS Primary Array or IMAGE Extension I/O Subroutines }{52}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.7}FITS ASCII and Binary Table Data I/O Subroutines}{56}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.7.1}Column Information Subroutines }{56}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.7.2}Low-Level Table Access Subroutines }{58}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.7.3}Edit Rows or Columns }{59}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.7.4}Read and Write Column Data Routines }{60}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.8}Row Selection and Calculator Routines }{64}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.9}Celestial Coordinate System Subroutines }{65}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.10}File Checksum Subroutines }{67}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.11} Date and Time Utility Routines }{68}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.12}General Utility Subroutines }{69}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {7} The CFITSIO Iterator Function }{77}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {8} Extended File Name Syntax }{79}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.1}Overview}{79}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.2}Filetype}{82}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.2.1}Notes about HTTP proxy servers}{82}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.2.2}Notes about the stream filetype driver}{83}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.2.3}Notes about the gsiftp filetype}{84}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.2.4}Notes about the root filetype}{84}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.2.5}Notes about the shmem filetype:}{86}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.3}Base Filename}{86}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.4}Output File Name when Opening an Existing File}{88}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.5}Template File Name when Creating a New File}{90}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.6}Image Tile-Compression Specification}{90}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.7}HDU Location Specification}{90}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.8}Image Section}{91}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.9}Image Transform Filters}{92}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.10}Column and Keyword Filtering Specification}{94}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.11}Row Filtering Specification}{97}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.11.1}General Syntax}{97}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.11.2}Bit Masks}{100}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.11.3}Vector Columns}{101}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.11.4}Good Time Interval Filtering and Calculation}{103}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.11.5}Spatial Region Filtering}{105}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {8.11.6}Example Row Filters}{107}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.12} Binning or Histogramming Specification}{109}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {9}Template Files }{113}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.1}Detailed Template Line Format}{113}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.2}Auto-indexing of Keywords}{114}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.3}Template Parser Directives}{115}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.4}Formal Template Syntax}{116}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.5}Errors}{116}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.6}Examples}{116}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {10} Summary of all FITSIO User-Interface Subroutines }{119}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {11} Parameter Definitions }{127}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {12} FITSIO Error Status Codes }{133}
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%%EOF
cfitsio-4.3.1/docs/cfitsio.tex0000644000225700000360000177423614456514035015612 0ustar  cagordonlhea\documentclass[11pt]{book}
\input{html.sty}
\htmladdtonavigation
   {\begin{rawhtml}
 FITSIO Home
    \end{rawhtml}}
\oddsidemargin=0.00in
\evensidemargin=0.00in
\textwidth=6.5in
%\topmargin=0.0in
\textheight=8.75in
\parindent=0cm
\parskip=0.2cm
\begin{document}
\pagenumbering{roman}

\begin{titlepage}
\normalsize
\vspace*{4.0cm}
\begin{center}
{\Huge \bf CFITSIO User's Reference Guide}\\
\end{center}
\medskip 
\medskip 
\begin{center}
{\LARGE \bf An Interface to FITS Format Files}\\
\end{center}
\begin{center}
{\LARGE \bf for C Programmers}\\
\end{center}
\medskip
\medskip
\begin{center}
{\Large Version 4.3 \\}
\end{center}
\bigskip
\vskip 2.5cm
\begin{center}
{HEASARC\\
Code 662\\
Goddard Space Flight Center\\
Greenbelt, MD 20771\\
USA}
\end{center}

\vfill
\bigskip
\begin{center}
{\Large Jul 2023\\}
\end{center}
\vfill
\end{titlepage}

\clearpage

\tableofcontents
\chapter{Introduction }
\pagenumbering{arabic}


\section{ A Brief Overview}

CFITSIO is a machine-independent library of routines for reading and
writing data files in the FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) data
format.  It can also read IRAF format image files and raw binary data
arrays by converting them on the fly into a virtual FITS format file.
This library is written in ANSI C and provides a powerful yet simple
interface for accessing FITS files which will run on most commonly used
computers and workstations.  CFITSIO supports all the features
described in the official definition of the FITS format and can
read and write all the currently defined types of extensions, including
ASCII tables (TABLE), Binary tables (BINTABLE) and IMAGE extensions.
The CFITSIO routines insulate the programmer from having to deal with
the complicated formatting details in the FITS file, however, it is
assumed that users have a general knowledge about the structure and
usage of FITS files.

CFITSIO also contains a set of Fortran callable wrapper routines which
allow Fortran programs to call the CFITSIO routines.  See the companion
``FITSIO User's Guide'' for the definition of the Fortran subroutine
calling sequences.  These wrappers replace the older Fortran FITSIO
library which is no longer supported.

The CFITSIO package was initially developed by the HEASARC (High Energy
Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center) at the NASA Goddard Space
Flight Center to convert various existing and newly acquired
astronomical data sets into FITS format and to further analyze data
already in FITS format.  New features continue to be added to CFITSIO
in large part due to contributions of ideas or actual code from
users of the package.  The Integral Science Data Center in Switzerland,
and the XMM/ESTEC project in The Netherlands made especially significant
contributions that resulted in many of the new features that appeared
in v2.0 of CFITSIO.


\section{Sources of FITS Software and Information}

The latest version of the CFITSIO source code,
documentation, and example programs are available on the
Web or via anonymous ftp from:

\begin{verbatim}
        http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/fitsio
        ftp://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/software/fitsio/c
\end{verbatim}

Any questions, bug reports, or suggested enhancements related to the CFITSIO
package should be sent to the FTOOLS Help Desk at the HEASARC:

\begin{verbatim}
        http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/ftoolshelp
\end{verbatim}

This User's Guide assumes that readers already have a general
understanding of the definition and structure of FITS format files.
Further information about FITS formats is available from the FITS Support
Office at {\tt http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov}.  In particular, the
'FITS Standard' gives the authoritative definition of the FITS data
format.  Other documents available at that Web site
provide additional historical background
and practical advice on using FITS files.

The HEASARC also provides a very sophisticated FITS file analysis
program called `Fv' which can be used to display and edit the contents
of any FITS file as well as construct new FITS files from scratch.
Fv is freely available for
most Unix platforms, Mac PCs, and Windows PCs.
CFITSIO users may also be interested in the FTOOLS package of programs
that can be used to manipulate and analyze FITS format files.
Fv and FTOOLS are available from their respective Web sites at:

\begin{verbatim}
        http://fv.gsfc.nasa.gov
        http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/ftools
\end{verbatim}


\section{Acknowledgments}

The development of the many powerful features in CFITSIO was made
possible through collaborations with many people or organizations from
around the world.  The following in particular have made especially
significant contributions:

Programmers from the Integral Science Data Center, Switzerland (namely,
Jurek Borkowski, Bruce O'Neel, and Don Jennings), designed the concept
for the plug-in I/O drivers that was introduced with CFITSIO 2.0.  The
use of `drivers' greatly simplified  the low-level I/O, which in turn
made other new features in CFITSIO (e.g., support for compressed FITS
files and support for IRAF format image files) much easier to
implement.  Jurek Borkowski wrote the Shared Memory driver, and Bruce
O'Neel wrote the drivers for accessing FITS files over the network
using the FTP, HTTP, and ROOT protocols.  Also, in 2009, Bruce O'Neel
was the key developer of the thread-safe version of CFITSIO.

The ISDC also provided the template parsing routines (written by Jurek
Borkowski) and the hierarchical grouping routines (written by Don
Jennings).  The ISDC DAL (Data Access Layer) routines are layered on
top of CFITSIO and make extensive use of these features.

Giuliano Taffoni and Andrea Barisani, at INAF, University of Trieste,
Italy, implemented the I/O driver routines for accessing FITS files
on the computational grids using the gridftp protocol.

Uwe Lammers (XMM/ESA/ESTEC, The Netherlands) designed the
high-performance lexical parsing algorithm that is used to do
on-the-fly filtering of FITS tables.  This algorithm essentially
pre-compiles the user-supplied selection expression into a form that
can be rapidly evaluated for each row.  Peter Wilson (RSTX, NASA/GSFC)
then wrote the parsing routines used by CFITSIO based on Lammers'
design, combined with other techniques such as the CFITSIO iterator
routine to further enhance the data processing throughput.  This effort
also benefited from a much earlier lexical parsing routine that was
developed by Kent Blackburn (NASA/GSFC). More recently, Craig Markwardt
(NASA/GSFC) implemented additional functions (median, average, stddev)
and other enhancements to the lexical parser.

The CFITSIO iterator function is loosely based on similar ideas
developed for the XMM Data Access Layer.

Peter Wilson (RSTX, NASA/GSFC) wrote the complete set of
Fortran-callable wrappers for all the CFITSIO routines, which in turn
rely on the CFORTRAN macro developed by Burkhard Burow.

The syntax used by CFITSIO for filtering or binning input FITS files is
based on ideas developed for the AXAF Science Center Data Model by
Jonathan McDowell, Antonella Fruscione, Aneta Siemiginowska and Bill
Joye. See http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/journal/axaf7.html for
further description of the AXAF Data Model.

The file decompression code were taken directly from the gzip (GNU zip)
program developed by Jean-loup Gailly and others.

The new compressed image data format (where the image is tiled and
the compressed byte stream from each tile is stored in a binary table)
was implemented in collaboration with Richard White (STScI), Perry
Greenfield (STScI) and Doug Tody (NOAO).

Doug Mink (SAO) provided the routines for converting IRAF format
images into FITS format.

Martin Reinecke (Max Planck Institute, Garching)) provided the modifications to
cfortran.h that are necessary to support 64-bit integer values when calling
C routines from fortran programs.  The cfortran.h macros were originally developed
by Burkhard Burow (CERN).

Julian Taylor (ESO, Garching) provided the fast byte-swapping algorithms
that use the SSE2 and SSSE3 machine instructions available on x86\_64 CPUs.

In addition, many other people have made valuable contributions to the
development of CFITSIO.  These include (with apologies to others that may
have inadvertently been omitted):

Steve Allen, Carl Akerlof, Keith Arnaud, Morten Krabbe Barfoed, Kent
Blackburn, G Bodammer, Romke Bontekoe, Lucio Chiappetti, Keith Costorf,
Robin Corbet, John Davis,  Richard Fink, Ning Gan, Emily Greene, Gretchen
Green, Joe Harrington, Cheng Ho, Phil Hodge, Jim Ingham, Yoshitaka
Ishisaki, Diab Jerius, Mark Levine, Todd Karakaskian, Edward King,
Scott Koch,  Claire Larkin, Rob Managan, Eric Mandel, Richard Mathar,
John Mattox, Carsten Meyer, Emi Miyata, Stefan Mochnacki, Mike Noble,
Oliver Oberdorf, Clive Page, Arvind Parmar, Jeff Pedelty, Tim Pearson,
Philippe Prugniel, Maren Purves, Scott Randall, Chris Rogers, Arnold Rots,
Rob Seaman, Barry Schlesinger, Robin Stebbins, Andrew Szymkowiak, Allyn Tennant,
Peter Teuben, James Theiler, Doug Tody, Shiro Ueno, Steve Walton, Archie
Warnock, Alan Watson, Dan Whipple, Wim Wimmers, Peter Young, Jianjun Xu,
and Nelson Zarate.


\section{Legal Stuff}

Copyright (Unpublished--all rights reserved under the copyright laws of
the United States), U.S. Government as represented by the Administrator
of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.  No copyright is
claimed in the United States under Title 17, U.S. Code.

Permission to freely use, copy, modify, and distribute this software
and its documentation without fee is hereby granted, provided that this
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty appears in all copies.

DISCLAIMER:

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS' WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EITHER EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
ANY WARRANTY THAT THE SOFTWARE WILL CONFORM TO SPECIFICATIONS, ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE, AND FREEDOM FROM INFRINGEMENT, AND ANY WARRANTY THAT THE
DOCUMENTATION WILL CONFORM TO THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY WARRANTY THAT THE
SOFTWARE WILL BE ERROR FREE.  IN NO EVENT SHALL NASA BE LIABLE FOR ANY
DAMAGES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, ARISING OUT OF, RESULTING FROM, OR IN ANY WAY
CONNECTED WITH THIS SOFTWARE, WHETHER OR NOT BASED UPON WARRANTY,
CONTRACT, TORT , OR OTHERWISE, WHETHER OR NOT INJURY WAS SUSTAINED BY
PERSONS OR PROPERTY OR OTHERWISE, AND WHETHER OR NOT LOSS WAS SUSTAINED
FROM, OR AROSE OUT OF THE RESULTS OF, OR USE OF, THE SOFTWARE OR
SERVICES PROVIDED HEREUNDER."

\chapter{ Creating the CFITSIO Library }


\section{Building the Library}

The CFITSIO code is contained in about 40 C source files (*.c) and header
files (*.h). On VAX/VMS systems 2 assembly-code files (vmsieeed.mar and
vmsieeer.mar) are also needed.

CFITSIO is written in ANCI C and should be compatible with most existing C and C++
compilers. Cray supercomputers are currently not supported.


\subsection{Unix Systems}

The CFITSIO library is built on Unix systems by typing:

\begin{verbatim}
 >  ./configure [--prefix=/target/installation/path] [--enable-reentrant]
                [--enable-sse2] [--enable-ssse3]
 >  make          (or  'make shared')
 >  make install  (this step is optional)
\end{verbatim}
at the operating system prompt.  The configure command customizes the
Makefile for the particular system, then the `make' command compiles the
source files and builds the library.  Type `./configure' and not simply
`configure' to ensure that the configure script in the current directory
is run and not some other system-wide configure script.  The optional
'prefix' argument to configure gives the path to the directory where
the CFITSIO library and include files should be installed via the later
'make install' command. For example,

\begin{verbatim}
   > ./configure --prefix=/usr1/local
\end{verbatim}
will cause the 'make install' command to copy the CFITSIO libcfitsio file
to /usr1/local/lib and the necessary include files to /usr1/local/include
(assuming of course that the  process has permission to write to these
directories).

All the available configure options can be seen by entering the command

\begin{verbatim}
   > ./configure --help
\end{verbatim}
Some of the more useful options are described below:

The --enable-reentrant option will attempt to configure CFITSIO
so that it can be used in multi-threaded programs.  See the
"Using CFITSIO in Multi-threaded Environments" section, below, for more details.

The --enable-sse2 and --enable-ssse3 options will cause configure to
attempt to build CFITSIO using faster byte-swapping algorithms.
See the "Optimizing Programs" chapter of this manual for
more information about these options.

The --with-gsiftp-flavour and --with-gsiftp options enable support for the Globus
Toolkit gsiftp protocal.  See the "Extended File Name Syntax" chapter for more
information.

The --with-bzip2 option enables support for reading FITS files that have been
externally compressed by the bzip2 algorithm.  This requires that the CFITSIO
library, and all applications program that use CFITSIO, to be linked to include
the libbz2 library.

The 'make shared' option builds a shared or dynamic version of the
CFITSIO library.  When using the shared library the executable code is
not copied into your program at link time and instead the program
locates the necessary library code at run time, normally through
LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH or some other method. The advantages of using a shared
library are:

\begin{verbatim}
   1.  Less disk space if you build more than 1 program
   2.  Less memory if more than one copy of a program using the shared
       library is running at the same time since the system is smart
       enough to share copies of the shared library at run time.
   3.  Possibly easier maintenance since a new version of the shared
       library can be installed without relinking all the software
       that uses it (as long as the subroutine names and calling
       sequences remain unchanged).
   4.  No run-time penalty.
\end{verbatim}
The disadvantages are:

\begin{verbatim}
   1. More hassle at runtime.  You have to either build the programs
      specially or have LD_LIBRARY_PATH set right.
   2. There may be a slight start up penalty, depending on where you are
      reading the shared library and the program from and if your CPU is
      either really slow or really heavily loaded.
\end{verbatim}

On Mac OS X platforms the 'make shared' command works like on other
UNIX platforms, but a .dylib file will be created instead of .so.  If
installed in a nonstandard location, add its location to the
DYLD\_LIBRARY\_PATH environment variable so that the library can be found
at run time.

On HP/UX systems, the environment variable CFLAGS should be set
to -Ae before running configure to enable "extended ANSI" features.

By default, a set of Fortran-callable wrapper routines are
also built and included in the CFITSIO library.  If these wrapper
routines are not needed (i.e., the CFITSIO library will not
be linked to any Fortran applications which call FITSIO subroutines)
then they may be omitted from the build by typing 'make all-nofitsio'
instead of simply typing 'make'.  This will reduce the size
of the CFITSIO library slightly.

It may not be possible to statically link programs that use CFITSIO on
some platforms (namely, on Solaris 2.6) due to the network drivers
(which provide FTP and HTTP access to FITS files).  It is possible to
make both a dynamic and a static version of the CFITSIO library, but
network file access will not be possible using the static version.


\subsection{VMS}

On VAX/VMS and ALPHA/VMS systems the make\_gfloat.com command file may
be executed to build the cfitsio.olb object library using the default
G-floating point option for double variables.  The make\_dfloat.com and
make\_ieee.com files may be used instead to build the library with the
other floating point options. Note that the getcwd function that is
used in the group.c module may require that programs using CFITSIO be
linked with the ALPHA\$LIBRARY:VAXCRTL.OLB library.  See the example
link line in the next section of this document.


\subsection{Windows PCs}

A precompiled DLL version of CFITSIO (not necessarily the latest version)
is available on the CFITSIO web site.
The CFITSIO library may also be built from the source code using the
CMake build system.  See the "README.win" file in the CFITSIO source distribution
for more information.


\subsection{Macintosh PCs}

When building on Mac OS-X, users should follow the Unix instructions,
above.  See the README.MacOS file for instructions on building a Universal
Binary that supports both Intel and PowerPC CPUs.


\section{Testing the Library}

The CFITSIO library should be tested by building and running
the testprog.c program that is included with the release.
On Unix systems, type:

\begin{verbatim}
    % make testprog
    % testprog > testprog.lis
    % diff testprog.lis testprog.out
    % cmp testprog.fit testprog.std
\end{verbatim}
 On VMS systems,
(assuming cc is the name of the C compiler command), type:

\begin{verbatim}
    $ cc testprog.c
    $ link testprog, cfitsio/lib, alpha$library:vaxcrtl/lib
    $ run testprog
\end{verbatim}
The test program should produce a FITS file called `testprog.fit'
that is identical to the `testprog.std' FITS file included with this
release.  The diagnostic messages (which were piped to the file
testprog.lis in the Unix example) should be identical to the listing
contained in the file testprog.out.  The 'diff' and 'cmp' commands
shown above should not report any differences in the files.  (There
may be some minor format differences, such as the presence or
absence of leading zeros, or 3 digit exponents in numbers,
which can be ignored).

The Fortran wrappers in CFITSIO may be tested with the testf77
program on Unix systems with:

\begin{verbatim}
    % gfortran -o testf77 testf77.f -L. -lcfitsio -lz -lcurl
    % testf77 > testf77.lis
    % diff testf77.lis testf77.out
    % cmp testf77.fit testf77.std
\end{verbatim}
On machines running SUN O/S, Fortran programs must be compiled with the
'-f' option to force double precision variables to be aligned on 8-byte
boundarys to make the fortran-declared variables compatible with C.  A
similar compiler option may be required on other platforms.  Failing to
use this option may cause the program to crash on FITSIO routines that
read or write double precision variables.

Also note that on some systems, the output listing of the testf77
program may differ slightly from the testf77.std template, if leading
zeros are not printed by default before the decimal point when using F
format.

A few other utility programs are included with CFITSIO; the first four
of this programs can be compiled an linked by typing `make
program\_name' where `program\_name' is the actual name of the program:

\begin{verbatim}
    speed - measures the maximum throughput (in MB per second)
              for writing and reading FITS files with CFITSIO.

    listhead - lists all the header keywords in any FITS file

    fitscopy - copies any FITS file (especially useful in conjunction
                 with the CFITSIO's extended input filename syntax).

    cookbook - a sample program that performs common read and
                 write operations on a FITS file.

    iter_a, iter_b, iter_c - examples of the CFITSIO iterator routine
\end{verbatim}


\section{Linking Programs with CFITSIO}

When linking applications software with the CFITSIO library, several
system libraries usually need to be specified on the link command
line.  On Unix systems, the most reliable way to determine what
libraries are required is to type 'make testprog' and see what
libraries the configure script has added.  The typical libraries that
need to be added are -lm (the math library) and -lnsl and -lsocket
(needed only for FTP and HTTP file access).  These latter 2 libraries
are not needed on VMS and Windows platforms, because FTP file access is
not currently supported on those platforms.

Note that when upgrading to a newer version of CFITSIO it is usually
necessary to recompile, as well as relink, the programs that use CFITSIO,
because the definitions in fitsio.h often change.


\section{Using CFITSIO in Multi-threaded Environments}

CFITSIO can be used either with the
POSIX pthreads interface or the OpenMP interface for multi-threaded
parallel programs.  When used in a multi-threaded environment,
the CFITSIO library *must* be built using
the -D\_REENTRANT compiler directive.  This can be done using the following
build commands:

\begin{verbatim}
  >./configure --enable-reentrant
  > make
\end{verbatim}
A function called fits\_is\_reentrant is available to test
whether or not CFITSIO was compiled with the -D\_REENTRANT
directive.  When this feature is enabled, multiple threads can
call any of the CFITSIO routines
to simultaneously read or write separate
FITS files.  Multiple threads can also read data from
the same FITS file simultaneously, as long as the file
was opened independently by each thread.  This relies on
the operating system to correctly deal with reading the
same file by multiple processes.  Different threads should
not share the same 'fitsfile' pointer to read an opened
FITS file, unless locks are placed around the calls to
the CFITSIO reading routines.
Different threads should never try to write to the same
FITS file.


\section{Getting Started with CFITSIO}

In order to effectively use the CFITSIO library it is recommended that
new users begin by reading the ``CFITSIO Quick Start Guide''.  It
contains all the basic information needed to write programs that
perform most types of operations on FITS files.  The set of example
FITS utility programs that are available from the CFITSIO web site are
also very useful for learning how to use CFITSIO.  To learn even more
about the capabilities of the CFITSIO library the following steps are
recommended:

1.  Read the following short `FITS Primer' chapter for an overview of
the structure of FITS files.

2. Review the Programming Guidelines in Chapter 4 to become familiar
with the conventions used by the CFITSIO interface.

3.  Refer to the cookbook.c, listhead.c, and fitscopy.c programs that
are included with this release for examples of routines that perform
various common FITS file operations.  Type 'make program\_name' to
compile and link these programs on Unix systems.

4.  Write a simple program to read or write a FITS file using the Basic
Interface routines described in Chapter 5.

5.  Scan through the more specialized routines that are described in
the following chapters to become familiar with the functionality that
they provide.


\section{Example Program}

The following listing shows an example of how to use the CFITSIO
routines in a C program.    Refer to the cookbook.c program that is
included with the CFITSIO distribution for other example routines.

This program creates a new FITS file, containing a FITS image.  An
`EXPOSURE' keyword is written to the header, then the image data are
written to the FITS file before closing the FITS file.

\begin{verbatim}
#include "fitsio.h"  /* required by every program that uses CFITSIO  */
main()
{
    fitsfile *fptr;       /* pointer to the FITS file; defined in fitsio.h */
    int status, ii, jj;
    long  fpixel = 1, naxis = 2, nelements, exposure;
    long naxes[2] = { 300, 200 };   /* image is 300 pixels wide by 200 rows */
    short array[200][300];

    status = 0;         /* initialize status before calling fitsio routines */
    fits_create_file(&fptr, "testfile.fits", &status);   /* create new file */

    /* Create the primary array image (16-bit short integer pixels */
    fits_create_img(fptr, SHORT_IMG, naxis, naxes, &status);

    /* Write a keyword; must pass the ADDRESS of the value */
    exposure = 1500.;
    fits_update_key(fptr, TLONG, "EXPOSURE", &exposure,
         "Total Exposure Time", &status);

    /* Initialize the values in the image with a linear ramp function */
    for (jj = 0; jj < naxes[1]; jj++)
        for (ii = 0; ii < naxes[0]; ii++)
            array[jj][ii] = ii + jj;

    nelements = naxes[0] * naxes[1];          /* number of pixels to write */

    /* Write the array of integers to the image */
    fits_write_img(fptr, TSHORT, fpixel, nelements, array[0], &status);

    fits_close_file(fptr, &status);            /* close the file */

    fits_report_error(stderr, status);  /* print out any error messages */
    return( status );
}
\end{verbatim}

\chapter{  A FITS Primer }

This section gives a brief overview of the structure of FITS files.
Users should refer to the documentation available from the FITS Support OFfice,
as described in the introduction, for more detailed information on FITS
formats.

FITS was first developed in the late 1970's as a standard data
interchange format between various astronomical observatories.  Since
then FITS has become the standard data format supported by most
astronomical data analysis software packages.

A FITS file consists of one or more Header + Data Units (HDUs), where
the first HDU is called the `Primary HDU', or `Primary Array'.  The
primary array contains an N-dimensional array of pixels, such as a 1-D
spectrum, a 2-D image, or a 3-D data cube.  Six different primary
data types are supported: Unsigned 8-bit bytes, 16-bit, 32-bit, and 64-bit signed
integers, and 32 and 64-bit floating point reals.  FITS also has a
convention for storing 16, 32-bit, and 64-bit unsigned integers (see the later
section entitled `Unsigned Integers' for more details). The primary HDU
may also consist of only a header with a null array containing no
data pixels.

Any number of additional HDUs may follow the primary array; these
additional HDUs are called FITS `extensions'.  There are currently 3
types of extensions defined by the FITS standard:

\begin{itemize}
\item
  Image Extension - a N-dimensional array of pixels, like in a primary array
\item
  ASCII Table Extension - rows and columns of data in ASCII character format
\item
  Binary Table Extension - rows and columns of data in binary representation
\end{itemize}

In each case the HDU consists of an ASCII Header Unit followed by an optional
Data Unit.  For historical reasons, each Header or Data unit must be an
exact multiple of 2880 8-bit bytes long.  Any unused space is padded
with fill characters (ASCII blanks or zeros).

Each Header Unit consists of any number of 80-character keyword records
or `card images' which have the
general form:

\begin{verbatim}
  KEYNAME = value / comment string
  NULLKEY =       / comment: This keyword has no value
\end{verbatim}
The keyword names may be up to 8 characters long and can only contain
uppercase letters, the digits 0-9, the hyphen, and the underscore
character. The keyword name is (usually) followed by an equals sign and
a space character (= ) in columns 9 - 10 of the record, followed by the
value of the keyword which may be either an integer, a floating point
number, a character string (enclosed in single quotes), or a boolean
value (the letter T or F).   A keyword may also have a null or undefined
value if there is no specified value string, as in the second example, above

The last keyword in the header is always the `END' keyword which has no
value or comment fields. There are many rules governing the exact
format of a keyword record (see the FITS Standard) so it is better
to rely on standard interface software like CFITSIO to correctly
construct or to parse the keyword records rather than try to deal
directly with the raw FITS formats.

Each Header Unit begins with a series of required keywords which depend
on the type of HDU.  These required keywords specify the size and
format of the following Data Unit.  The header may contain other
optional keywords to describe other aspects of the data, such as the
units or scaling values.  Other COMMENT or HISTORY keywords are also
frequently added to further document the data file.

The optional Data Unit immediately follows the last 2880-byte block in
the Header Unit.  Some HDUs do not have a Data Unit and only consist of
the Header Unit.

If there is more than one HDU in the FITS file, then the Header Unit of
the next HDU immediately follows the last 2880-byte block of the
previous Data Unit (or Header Unit if there is no Data Unit).

The main required keywords in FITS primary arrays or image extensions are:
\begin{itemize}
\item
BITPIX -- defines the data type of the array: 8, 16, 32, 64, -32, -64 for
unsigned 8--bit byte, 16--bit signed integer, 32--bit signed integer,
32--bit IEEE floating point, and 64--bit IEEE double precision floating
point, respectively.
\item
NAXIS --  the number of dimensions in the array, usually 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.
\item
NAXISn -- (n ranges from 1 to NAXIS) defines the size of each dimension.
\end{itemize}

FITS tables start with the keyword XTENSION = `TABLE' (for ASCII
tables) or XTENSION = `BINTABLE' (for binary tables) and have the
following main keywords:
\begin{itemize}
\item
TFIELDS -- number of fields or columns in the table
\item
NAXIS2 -- number of rows in the table
\item
TTYPEn -- for each column (n ranges from 1 to TFIELDS) gives the
name of the column
\item
TFORMn -- the data type of the column
\item
TUNITn -- the physical units of the column (optional)
\end{itemize}

Users should refer to the FITS Support Office at {\tt http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov}
for further information about the FITS format and related software
packages.


\chapter{ Programming Guidelines }


\section{CFITSIO Definitions}

Any program that uses the CFITSIO interface must include the fitsio.h
header file with the statement

\begin{verbatim}
  #include "fitsio.h"
\end{verbatim}
This header file contains the prototypes for all the CFITSIO user
interface routines as well as the definitions of various constants used
in the interface.  It also defines a C structure of type `fitsfile'
that is used by CFITSIO to store the relevant parameters that define
the format of a particular FITS file.  Application programs must define
a pointer to this structure for each FITS file that is to be opened.
This structure is initialized (i.e., memory is allocated for the
structure) when the FITS file is first opened or created with the
fits\_open\_file or fits\_create\_file routines.  This fitsfile pointer
is then passed as the first argument to every other CFITSIO routine
that operates on the FITS file.  Application programs must not directly
read or write elements in this fitsfile structure because the
definition of the structure may change in future versions of CFITSIO.

A number of symbolic constants are also defined in fitsio.h for the
convenience of application programmers.  Use of these symbolic
constants rather than the actual numeric value will help to make the
source code more readable and easier for others to understand.

\begin{verbatim}
String Lengths, for use when allocating character arrays:

  #define FLEN_FILENAME 1025 /* max length of a filename                  */
  #define FLEN_KEYWORD   72  /* max length of a keyword                   */
  #define FLEN_CARD      81  /* max length of a FITS header card          */
  #define FLEN_VALUE     71  /* max length of a keyword value string      */
  #define FLEN_COMMENT   73  /* max length of a keyword comment string    */
  #define FLEN_ERRMSG    81  /* max length of a CFITSIO error message     */
  #define FLEN_STATUS    31  /* max length of a CFITSIO status text string */

  Note that FLEN_KEYWORD is longer than the nominal 8-character keyword
  name length because the HIERARCH convention supports longer keyword names.

Access modes when opening a FITS file:

  #define READONLY  0
  #define READWRITE 1

BITPIX data type code values for FITS images:

  #define BYTE_IMG      8  /*  8-bit unsigned integers */
  #define SHORT_IMG    16  /* 16-bit   signed integers */
  #define LONG_IMG     32  /* 32-bit   signed integers */
  #define LONGLONG_IMG 64  /* 64-bit   signed integers */
  #define FLOAT_IMG   -32  /* 32-bit single precision floating point */
  #define DOUBLE_IMG  -64  /* 64-bit double precision floating point */

  The following 4 data type codes are also supported by CFITSIO:
  #define SBYTE_IMG  10      /*  8-bit signed integers, equivalent to */
                             /*  BITPIX = 8, BSCALE = 1, BZERO = -128 */
  #define USHORT_IMG  20     /* 16-bit unsigned integers, equivalent to */
                             /*  BITPIX = 16, BSCALE = 1, BZERO = 32768 */
  #define ULONG_IMG   40     /* 32-bit unsigned integers, equivalent to */
                             /*  BITPIX = 32, BSCALE = 1, BZERO = 2147483648 */
  #define ULONGLONG_IMG  80  /* 64-bit unsigned integers, equivalent to */
                             /*  BITPIX = 64, BSCALE = 1, BZERO = 9223372036854775808*/

Codes for the data type of binary table columns and/or for the
data type of variables when reading or writing keywords or data:

                              DATATYPE               TFORM CODE
  #define TBIT          1  /*                            'X' */
  #define TBYTE        11  /* 8-bit unsigned byte,       'B' */
  #define TLOGICAL     14  /* logicals (int for keywords     */
                           /*  and char for table cols   'L' */
  #define TSTRING      16  /* ASCII string,              'A' */
  #define TSHORT       21  /* signed short,              'I' */
  #define TLONG        41  /* signed long,                   */
  #define TLONGLONG    81  /* 64-bit long signed integer 'K' */
  #define TFLOAT       42  /* single precision float,    'E' */
  #define TDOUBLE      82  /* double precision float,    'D' */
  #define TCOMPLEX     83  /* complex (pair of floats)   'C' */
  #define TDBLCOMPLEX 163  /* double complex (2 doubles) 'M' */

  The following data type codes are also supported by CFITSIO:
  #define TINT         31  /* int                            */
  #define TSBYTE       12  /* 8-bit signed byte,         'S' */
  #define TUINT        30  /* unsigned int               'V' */
  #define TUSHORT      20  /* unsigned short             'U' */
  #define TULONG       40  /* unsigned long                  */
  #define TULONGLONG   80  /* unsigned long long         'W' */

  The following data type code is only for use with fits\_get\_coltype
  #define TINT32BIT    41  /* signed 32-bit int,         'J' */


HDU type code values (value returned when moving to new HDU):

  #define IMAGE_HDU  0  /* Primary Array or IMAGE HDU */
  #define ASCII_TBL  1  /* ASCII  table HDU */
  #define BINARY_TBL 2  /* Binary table HDU */
  #define ANY_HDU   -1  /* matches any type of HDU */

Column name and string matching case-sensitivity:

  #define CASESEN   1   /* do case-sensitive string match */
  #define CASEINSEN 0   /* do case-insensitive string match */

Logical states (if TRUE and FALSE are not already defined):

  #define TRUE 1
  #define FALSE 0

Values to represent undefined floating point numbers:

  #define FLOATNULLVALUE  -9.11912E-36F
  #define DOUBLENULLVALUE -9.1191291391491E-36

Image compression algorithm definitions

  #define RICE_1       11
  #define GZIP_1       21
  #define GZIP_2       22
  #define PLIO_1       31
  #define HCOMPRESS_1  41
  #define NOCOMPRESS  -1

  #define NO_DITHER -1
  #define SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1 1
  #define SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 2
\end{verbatim}


\section{Current Header Data Unit (CHDU)}

The concept of the Current Header and Data Unit, or CHDU, is
fundamental to the use of the CFITSIO library.  A simple FITS image may
only contain a single Header and Data unit (HDU), but in general FITS
files can contain multiple Header Data Units (also known as
`extensions'), concatenated one after the other in the file.  The user
can specify which HDU should be initially opened at run time by giving
the HDU name or number after the root file name.  For example,
'myfile.fits[4]' opens the 5th HDU in the file (note that the numbering
starts with 0), and 'myfile.fits[EVENTS] opens the HDU with the name
'EVENTS' (as defined by the EXTNAME or HDUNAME keywords).  If no HDU is
specified then CFITSIO opens the first HDU (the primary array) by
default.  The CFITSIO routines which read and write data  only operate
within the opened HDU,  Other CFITSIO routines are provided to move to
and open any other existing HDU within the FITS file or to append or
insert new HDUs in the FITS file.


\section{Function Names and Variable Datatypes}

Most of the CFITSIO routines have both a short name as well as a
longer descriptive name.  The short name is only 5 or 6 characters long
and is similar to the subroutine name in the Fortran-77 version of
FITSIO.  The longer name is more descriptive and it is recommended that
it be used instead of the short name to more clearly document the
source code.

Many of the CFITSIO routines come in families which differ only in the
data type of the associated parameter(s).  The data type of these
routines is indicated by the suffix of the routine name.  The short
routine names have a 1 or 2 character suffix (e.g., 'j' in 'ffpkyj')
while the long routine names have a 4 character or longer suffix
as shown in the following table:

\begin{verbatim}
    Long      Short  Data
    Names     Names  Type
    -----     -----  ----
    _bit        x    bit
    _byt        b    unsigned byte
    _sbyt       sb   signed byte
    _sht        i    short integer
    _lng        j    long integer
    _lnglng     jj   8-byte LONGLONG integer (see note below)
    _usht       ui   unsigned short integer
    _ulng       uj   unsigned long integer
    _ulnglng    ujj  unsigned long long integer
    _uint       uk   unsigned int integer
    _int        k    int integer
    _flt        e    real exponential floating point (float)
    _fixflt     f    real fixed-decimal format floating point (float)
    _dbl        d    double precision real floating-point (double)
    _fixdbl     g    double precision fixed-format floating point (double)
    _cmp        c    complex reals (pairs of float values)
    _fixcmp     fc   complex reals, fixed-format floating point
    _dblcmp     m    double precision complex (pairs of double values)
    _fixdblcmp  fm   double precision complex, fixed-format floating point
    _log        l    logical (int)
    _str        s    character string
\end{verbatim}

The logical data type corresponds to `int' for logical keyword values,
and `byte' for logical binary table columns.  In other words, the value
when writing a logical keyword must be stored in an `int' variable, and
must be stored in a `char' array when reading or writing to `L' columns
in a binary table.  Implicit data type conversion is not supported for
logical table columns, but is for keywords, so a logical keyword may be
read and cast to any numerical data type; a returned value = 0
indicates false, and any other value = true.

The `int' data type may be 2 bytes long on some old PC compilers,
but otherwise it is nearly always 4 bytes long.   Some 64-bit
machines, like the Alpha/OSF, define the `short', `int',
and `long' integer data types to be 2, 4, and 8 bytes long,
respectively.

Because there is no universal C compiler standard for the name of the
8-byte integer datatype, the fitsio.h include file typedef's
'LONGLONG'  to be equivalent to  an
appropriate 8-byte integer data type on each supported platform.
For maximum software portability it is recommended that
this LONGLONG datatype be used to define 8-byte integer variables
rather than using the native data type name on a particular
platform. On most
32-bit Unix and Mac OS-X operating systems LONGLONG is equivalent to the
intrinsic 'long long' 8-byte integer datatype.  On 64-bit systems (which currently
includes Alpha OSF/1, 64-bit Sun Solaris, 64-bit SGI MIPS, and  64-bit
Itanium and Opteron PC systems), LONGLONG is  simply typedef'ed to be
equivalent to 'long'.   Microsoft Visual C++ Version 6.0 does not define
a 'long long'  data type, so LONGLONG is typedef'ed to be equivalent to
the '\_\_int64' data type on 32-bit windows systems when using Visual C++.

A related issue that affects the portability of software is how to print
out the value of a 'LONGLONG' variable with printf.  Developers may
find it convenient to use the following preprocessing statements
in their C programs to handle this in a machine-portable manner:


\begin{verbatim}
#if defined(_MSC_VER) /* Microsoft Visual C++ */
          printf("%I64d", longlongvalue);
	
#elif (USE_LL_SUFFIX == 1)
          printf("%lld", longlongvalue);
	
#else
          printf("%ld", longlongvalue);
#endif
\end{verbatim}

Similarly, the name of the C utility routine that converts a character
string of digits into a 8-byte integer value is platform dependent:


\begin{verbatim}
#if defined(_MSC_VER) /* Microsoft Visual C++ */
      /* VC++ 6.0 does not seem to have an 8-byte conversion routine */
	
#elif (USE_LL_SUFFIX == 1)
          longlongvalue = atoll(*string);
	
#else
          longlongvalue = atol(*string);
#endif
\end{verbatim}

When dealing with the FITS byte data type it is important to remember
that the raw values (before any scaling by the BSCALE and BZERO, or
TSCALn and TZEROn keyword values) in byte arrays (BITPIX = 8) or byte
columns (TFORMn = 'B') are interpreted as unsigned bytes with values
ranging from 0 to 255.  Some C compilers define a 'char' variable as
signed, so it is important to explicitly declare a numeric char
variable as 'unsigned char' to avoid any ambiguity

One feature of the CFITSIO routines is that they can operate on a `X'
(bit) column in a binary table as though it were a `B' (byte) column.
For example a `11X' data type column can be interpreted the same as a
`2B' column (i.e., 2 unsigned 8-bit bytes).  In some instances, it can
be more efficient to read and write whole bytes at a time, rather than
reading or writing each individual bit.

The complex and double precision complex data types are not directly
supported in ANSI C so these data types should be interpreted as pairs
of float or double values, respectively, where the first  value in each
pair is the real part, and the second is the imaginary part.


\section{Support for Unsigned Integers and Signed Bytes}

Although FITS does not directly support unsigned integers as one of its
fundamental data types, FITS can still be used to efficiently store
unsigned integer data values in images and binary tables.  The
convention used in FITS files is to store the unsigned integers as
signed integers with an associated offset (specified by the BZERO or
TZEROn keyword).  For example, to store unsigned 16-bit integer values
in a FITS image the image would be defined as a signed 16-bit integer
(with BITPIX keyword = SHORT\_IMG = 16) with the keywords BSCALE = 1.0
and BZERO = 32768.  Thus the unsigned values of 0, 32768, and 65535,
for example, are physically stored in the FITS image as -32768, 0, and
32767, respectively;  CFITSIO automatically adds the BZERO offset to
these values when they are read.  Similarly, in the case of unsigned
32-bit integers the BITPIX keyword would be equal to LONG\_IMG = 32 and
BZERO would be equal to 2147483648 (i.e. 2 raised to the 31st power).

The CFITSIO interface routines will efficiently and transparently apply
the appropriate offset in these cases so in general application
programs do not need to be concerned with how the unsigned values are
actually stored in the FITS file.  As a convenience for users, CFITSIO
has several predefined constants for the value of BITPIX  (USHORT\_IMG,
ULONG\_IMG, ULONGLONG\_IMG) and for the TFORMn value in the case of binary tables (`U',
`V', and `W') which programmers can use when creating FITS files containing
unsigned integer values.  The following code fragment illustrates how
to write a FITS 1-D primary array of unsigned 16-bit integers:

\begin{verbatim}
      unsigned short uarray[100];
      int naxis, status;
      long naxes[10], group, firstelem, nelements;
       ...
      status = 0;
      naxis = 1;
      naxes[0] = 100;
      fits_create_img(fptr, USHORT_IMG, naxis, naxes, &status);

      firstelem = 1;
      nelements = 100;
      fits_write_img(fptr, TUSHORT, firstelem, nelements,
                          uarray, &status);
       ...
\end{verbatim}
In the above example, the 2nd parameter in fits\_create\_img tells
CFITSIO to write the header keywords appropriate for an array of 16-bit
unsigned integers (i.e., BITPIX = 16 and BZERO = 32768).  Then the
fits\_write\_img routine writes the array of unsigned short integers
(uarray) into the primary array of the FITS file.  Similarly, a 32-bit
unsigned integer image may be created by setting the second parameter
in fits\_create\_img equal to `ULONG\_IMG' and by calling the
fits\_write\_img routine with the second parameter = TULONG to write
the array of unsigned long image pixel values.

An analogous set of routines are available for reading or writing unsigned
integer values and signed byte values in a FITS binary table extension.
When specifying the TFORMn keyword value which defines the format of a
column, CFITSIO recognizes 4 additional data type codes besides those
already defined in the FITS standard: `U' meaning a 16-bit unsigned
integer column, `V' for a 32-bit unsigned integer column, `W' for a 64-bit
unsigned integer column, and 'S'
for a signed byte column.  These non-standard data type codes are not
actually written into the FITS file but instead are just used internally
within CFITSIO.  The following code fragment illustrates how to use
these features:

\begin{verbatim}
      unsigned short uarray[100];
      unsigned int  varray[100];

      int colnum, tfields, status;
      long nrows, firstrow, firstelem, nelements, pcount;

      char extname[] = "Test_table";           /* extension name */

      /* define the name, data type, and physical units for 4 columns */
      char *ttype[] = { "Col_1", "Col_2", "Col_3", "Col_4" };
      char *tform[] = { "1U",      "1V",    "1W",    "1S"};  /* special CFITSIO codes */
      char *tunit[] = { " ",        " ",    " ",    " " };
       ...

           /* write the header keywords */
      status  = 0;
      nrows   = 1;
      tfields = 3
      pcount  = 0;
      fits_create_tbl(fptr, BINARY_TBL, nrows, tfields, ttype, tform,
                tunit, extname, &status);

           /* write the unsigned shorts to the 1st column */
      colnum    = 1;
      firstrow  = 1;
      firstelem = 1;
      nelements = 100;
      fits_write_col(fptr, TUSHORT, colnum, firstrow, firstelem,
              nelements, uarray, &status);

           /* now write the unsigned longs to the 2nd column */
      colnum    = 2;
      fits_write_col(fptr, TUINT, colnum, firstrow, firstelem,
              nelements, varray, &status);
       ...
\end{verbatim}
Note that the non-standard TFORM values for the 3 columns, `U', `V', and `W'
tell CFITSIO to write the keywords appropriate for unsigned 16-bit, unsigned 32-bit and
unsigned 64-bit integers, respectively (i.e., TFORMn = '1I' and TZEROn
= 32768 for unsigned 16-bit integers, TFORMn = '1J' and TZEROn =
2147483648 for unsigned 32-bit integers, and TFORMn = '1K' and TZEROn =
9223372036854775808 for unsigned 64-bit integers).  The 'S' TFORMn value tells
CFITSIO to write the keywords appropriate for a signed 8-bit byte column
with TFORMn = '1B' and TZEROn = -128.  The calls to fits\_write\_col
then write the arrays of unsigned integer values to the columns.


\section{Dealing with Character Strings \label{character-strings}}

The character string values in a FITS header or in an ASCII column in a
FITS table extension are generally padded out with non-significant
space characters (ASCII 32) to fill up the header record or the column
width.  When reading a FITS string value, the CFITSIO routines will
strip off these non-significant trailing spaces and will return a
null-terminated string value containing only the significant
characters.  Leading spaces in a FITS string are considered
significant.  If the string contains all blanks, then CFITSIO will
return a single blank character, i.e, the first blank is considered to
be significant, since it distinguishes the string from a null or
undefined string, but the remaining trailing spaces are not
significant.

Similarly, when writing string values to a FITS file the
CFITSIO routines expect to get a null-terminated string as input;
CFITSIO will pad the string with blanks if necessary when writing it
to the FITS file.

The FITS standard does not require trailing spaces to be treated in
this way, but it does allow a more seamless transition from the
FORTRAN FITS world where trailing spaces are often treated as
insignificant.  Users who wish the greatest fidelity when transferring
strings can use the \verb+_byt+ variants of column readers and writers
(functions fits\_\{read,write\}\_col\_byt).  These routines will
transfer the raw fixed-length vectors of character bytes of the
column, including any trailing blanks of course. The \verb+_byt+
variants make no attempt to null-terminate any elements.  A NULL
string would be indicated by its first character being a NUL byte.

When calling CFITSIO routines that return a character string it is
vital that the size of the char array be large enough to hold the
entire string of characters, otherwise CFITSIO will overwrite whatever
memory locations follow the char array, possibly causing the program to
execute incorrectly.  This type of error can be difficult to debug, so
programmers should always ensure that the char arrays are allocated
enough space to hold the longest possible string, {\bf including} the
terminating NULL character.  The fitsio.h file contains the following
defined constants which programmers are strongly encouraged to use
whenever they are allocating space for char arrays:

\begin{verbatim}
#define FLEN_FILENAME 1025 /* max length of a filename */
#define FLEN_KEYWORD   72  /* max length of a keyword  */
#define FLEN_CARD      81  /* length of a FITS header card */
#define FLEN_VALUE     71  /* max length of a keyword value string */
#define FLEN_COMMENT   73  /* max length of a keyword comment string */
#define FLEN_ERRMSG    81  /* max length of a CFITSIO error message */
#define FLEN_STATUS    31  /* max length of a CFITSIO status text string */
\end{verbatim}
For example, when declaring a char array to hold the value string
of FITS keyword, use the following statement:

\begin{verbatim}
    char value[FLEN_VALUE];
\end{verbatim}
Note that FLEN\_KEYWORD is longer than needed for the nominal 8-character
keyword name because the HIERARCH convention supports longer keyword names.


\section{Implicit Data Type Conversion}

The CFITSIO routines that read and write numerical data can perform
implicit data type conversion.  This means that the data type of the
variable or array in the program does not need to be the same as the
data type of the value in the FITS file.  Data type conversion is
supported for numerical and string data types (if the string contains a
valid number enclosed in quotes) when reading a FITS header keyword
value and for numeric values when reading or writing values in the
primary array or a table column.  CFITSIO returns status =
NUM\_OVERFLOW  if the converted data value exceeds the range of the
output data type.  Implicit data type conversion is not supported
within binary tables for string, logical, complex, or double complex
data types.

In addition, any table column may be read as if it contained string values.
In the case of numeric columns the returned string will be formatted
using the TDISPn display format if it exists.


\section{Data Scaling}

When reading numerical data values in the primary array or a
table column, the values will be scaled automatically by the BSCALE and
BZERO (or TSCALn and TZEROn) header values if they are
present in the header.  The scaled data that is returned to the reading
program will have

\begin{verbatim}
        output value = (FITS value) * BSCALE + BZERO
\end{verbatim}
(a corresponding formula using TSCALn and TZEROn is used when reading
from table columns).  In the case of integer output values the floating
point scaled value is truncated to an integer (not rounded to the
nearest integer).  The fits\_set\_bscale and fits\_set\_tscale routines
(described in the `Advanced' chapter) may be used to override the
scaling parameters defined in the header (e.g., to turn off the scaling
so that the program can read the raw unscaled values from the FITS
file).

When writing numerical data to the primary array or to a table column
the data values will generally be automatically inversely scaled by the
value of the BSCALE and BZERO (or TSCALn and TZEROn) keyword values if
they they exist in the header.  These keywords must have been written
to the header before any data is written for them to have any immediate
effect.  One may also use the fits\_set\_bscale and fits\_set\_tscale
routines to define or override the scaling keywords in the header
(e.g., to turn off the scaling so that the program can write the raw
unscaled values into the FITS file). If scaling is performed, the
inverse scaled output value that is written into the FITS file will
have

\begin{verbatim}
         FITS value = ((input value) - BZERO) / BSCALE
\end{verbatim}
(a corresponding formula using TSCALn and TZEROn is used when
writing to table columns).  Rounding to the nearest integer, rather
than truncation, is performed when writing integer data types to the
FITS file.


\section{Support for IEEE Special Values}

The ANSI/IEEE-754 floating-point number standard defines certain
special values that are used to represent such quantities as
Not-a-Number (NaN), denormalized, underflow, overflow, and infinity.
(See the Appendix in the FITS standard or the FITS User's
Guide for a list of these values).  The CFITSIO routines that read
floating point data in FITS files recognize these IEEE special values
and by default interpret the overflow and infinity values as being
equivalent to a NaN, and convert the underflow and denormalized values
into zeros.  In some cases programmers may want access to the raw IEEE
values, without any modification by CFITSIO.  This can be done by
calling the fits\_read\_img or fits\_read\_col routines while
specifying 0.0 as the value of the NULLVAL parameter.  This will force
CFITSIO to simply pass the IEEE values through to the application
program without any modification.  This is not fully supported on
VAX/VMS machines, however, where there is no easy way to bypass the
default interpretation of the IEEE special values.  This is also not
supported when reading floating-point images that have been compressed
with the FITS tiled image compression convention that is discussed in
section 5.6;  the pixels values in tile compressed images are
represented by scaled integers, and a reserved integer value
(not a NaN) is used to represent undefined pixels.


\section{Error Status Values and the Error Message Stack}

Nearly all the CFITSIO routines return an error status value
in 2 ways: as the value of the last parameter in the function call,
and as the returned value of the function itself.  This provides
some flexibility in the way programmers can test if an error
occurred, as illustrated in the following 2 code fragments:

\begin{verbatim}
    if ( fits_write_record(fptr, card, &status) )
         printf(" Error occurred while writing keyword.");

or,

    fits_write_record(fptr, card, &status);
    if ( status )
         printf(" Error occurred while writing keyword.");
\end{verbatim}
A listing of all the CFITSIO status code values is given at the end of
this document.  Programmers are encouraged to use the symbolic
mnemonics (defined in fitsio.h) rather than the actual integer status
values to improve the readability of their code.

The CFITSIO library uses an `inherited status' convention for the
status parameter which means that if a routine is called with a
positive input value of the status parameter as input, then the routine
will exit immediately without changing the value of the status
parameter.  Thus, if one passes the status value returned from each
CFITSIO routine as input to the next CFITSIO routine, then whenever an
error is detected all further CFITSIO processing will cease.  This
convention can simplify the error checking in application programs
because it is not necessary to check the value of the status parameter
after every single CFITSIO routine call.  If a program contains a
sequence of several CFITSIO calls, one can just check the status value
after the last call.  Since the returned status values are generally
distinctive, it should be possible to determine which routine
originally returned the error status.

CFITSIO also maintains an internal stack of error messages
(80-character maximum length)  which in many cases provide a more
detailed explanation of the cause of the error than is provided by the
error status number alone.  It is recommended that the error message
stack be printed out whenever a program detects a CFITSIO error.  The
function fits\_report\_error will print out the entire error message
stack, or alternatively one may call fits\_read\_errmsg to get the
error messages one at a time.


\section{Variable-Length Arrays in Binary Tables}

CFITSIO provides easy-to-use support for reading and writing data in
variable length fields of a binary table. The variable length columns
have TFORMn keyword values of the form `1Pt(len)' or `1Qt(len)' where `t'
is the data type code (e.g., I, J, E, D, etc.) and `len' is an integer
specifying the maximum length of the vector in the table.  The 'P' type
variable length columns use 32-bit array length and byte offset values, whereas
the 'Q' type columns use 64-bit values, which may be required when dealing
with large arrays.  CFITSIO supports a local convention that interprets
the 'P' type descriptors as unsigned 32-bit integers, which provides
a factor of 2 greater range for the array length or heap address than
is possible with 32-bit 'signed' integers.  Note, however, that other software
packages may not support this convention, and may be unable to read thees
extended range variable length records.

If the value
of `len' is not specified when the table is created (e.g., if the TFORM
keyword value is simply specified as '1PE' instead of '1PE(400) ), then
CFITSIO will automatically scan the table when it is closed to
determine the maximum length of the vector and will append this value
to the TFORMn value.

The same routines that read and write data in an ordinary fixed length
binary table extension are also used for variable length fields,
however, the routine parameters take on a slightly different
interpretation as described below.

All the data in a variable length field is written into an area called
the `heap' which follows the main fixed-length FITS binary table. The
size of the heap, in bytes, is specified by the PCOUNT keyword in the
FITS header. When creating a new binary table, the initial value of
PCOUNT should usually be set to zero. CFITSIO will recompute the size
of the heap as the data is written and will automatically update the
PCOUNT keyword value when the table is closed.  When writing variable
length data to a table, CFITSIO will automatically extend the size
of the heap area if necessary, so that any following HDUs do not
get overwritten.

By default the heap data area starts immediately after the last row of
the fixed-length table.  This default starting location may be
overridden by the THEAP keyword, but this is not recommended.
If additional rows of data are added to the table, CFITSIO will
automatically shift the the heap down to make room for the new
rows, but it is obviously be more efficient to initially
create the table with the necessary number of blank rows, so that
the heap does not needed to be constantly moved.

When writing row of data to a variable length field the entire array of values for
a given row of the table must be written with a single call to
fits\_write\_col.
The total length of the array is given by nelements
+ firstelem - 1.  Additional elements cannot be appended to an existing
vector at a later time since any attempt to do so will simply overwrite
all the previously written data and the new data will be
written to a new area of the heap.  The fits\_compress\_heap routine
is provided to compress the heap and recover any unused space.
To avoid having to deal with this issue, it is recommended
that rows in a variable length field should only be written once.
An exception to
this general rule occurs when setting elements of an array as
undefined.  It is allowed to first write a dummy value into the array with
fits\_write\_col, and then call fits\_write\_col\_nul to flag the
desired elements as undefined. Note that the rows of a table,
whether fixed or variable length, do not have to be written
consecutively and may be written in any order.

When writing to a variable length ASCII character field (e.g., TFORM =
'1PA') only a single character string can be written.  The `firstelem'
and `nelements' parameter values in the fits\_write\_col routine are
ignored and the number of characters to write is simply determined by
the length of the input null-terminated character string.

The fits\_write\_descript routine is useful in situations where
multiple rows of a variable length column have the identical array of
values.  One can simply write the array once for the first row, and
then use fits\_write\_descript to write the same descriptor values into
the other rows;  all the rows will then point to the same storage
location thus saving disk space.

When reading from a variable length array field one can only read as
many elements as actually exist in that row of the table; reading does
not automatically continue with the next row of the table as occurs
when reading an ordinary fixed length table field.  Attempts to read
more than this will cause an error status to be returned.  One can
determine the number of elements in each row of a variable column with
the fits\_read\_descript routine.


\section{Multiple Access to the Same FITS File}

CFITSIO supports simultaneous read and write access to different
HDUs in the same FITS file in some circumstances, as described
below:

\begin{itemize}

\item
Multi-threaded programs

When CFITSIO is compiled with the -D\_REENTRANT directive (as can be
tested with the fits\_is\_reentrant function) different threads can
call any of the CFITSIO routines  to simultaneously read or write
separate  FITS files.  Multiple threads can also read data from the
same FITS file simultaneously, as long as the file was opened
independently by each thread.  This relies on the operating system
to correctly deal with reading the same file by multiple processes.
Different threads should not share the same 'fitsfile' pointer to
read an opened FITS file, unless locks are placed around the calls
to  the CFITSIO reading routines.  Different threads should  never
try to write to the same FITS file.

\item
Multiple read access to the same FITS file within a single
program/thread

A single process may open the same FITS file with READONLY access
multiple times, and thus create multiple 'fitsfile*' pointers to
that same file within CFITSIO. This relies on the operating system's
ability to open a single file multiple times and correctly manage
the subsequent read requests directed to the different C 'file*'
pointers, which actually all point to the same file.  CFITSIO simply
executes the read requests to the differnet 'fitsfile*' pointers the
same as if they were physically different files.

\item
Multiple write access to the same FITS file within a single
program/thread

CFITSIO supports opening the same FITS file multiple times with
WRITE access, but it only physically opens the file (at the
operating system level) once, on the first call to fits\_open\_file.
If fits\_open\_file is subsequently called to open the same file
again, CFITSIO will recognize that the file is already open, and
will return a new 'fitsfile*' pointer that logically points to the
first 'fitsfile*' pointer, without actually opening the file a
second time. The application program can then treat the 2
'fitsfile*' pointers as if they point to different files, and can
seemingly move to and write data to 2 different  HDUs within the
same file.  However, each time the application program switches
which 'fitsfile*' pointer it is writing to, CFITSIO will flush  any
internal buffers that contain data written to the first 'fitsfile*'
pointer,  then move to the HDU that the other 'fitsfile*' pointer
is writing to. Obviously, this may add a significant amount of
computational overhead if the  application program uses this feature
to frequently switch back and forth between writing to 2 (or more)
HDUs in the same file, so this capability should be used
judiciously.

Note that CFITSIO will not allow a FITS file to be opened a second
time with READWRITE access if it was opened previously with READONLY
access.

\end{itemize}


\section{When the Final Size of the FITS HDU is Unknown}

It is not required to know the total size of a FITS data array or table
before beginning to write the data to the FITS file.  In the case of
the primary array or an image extension, one should initially create
the array with the size of the highest dimension (largest NAXISn
keyword) set to a dummy value, such as 1.  Then after all the data have
been written and the true dimensions are known, then the NAXISn value
should be updated using the fits\_update\_key routine before moving to
another extension or closing the FITS file.

When writing to FITS tables, CFITSIO automatically keeps track of the
highest row number that is written to, and will increase the size of
the table if necessary.  CFITSIO will also automatically insert space
in the FITS file if necessary, to ensure that the data 'heap', if it
exists, and/or any additional HDUs that follow the table do not get
overwritten as new rows are written to the table.

As a general rule it is best to specify the initial number of rows = 0
when the table is created, then let CFITSIO keep track of the number of
rows that are actually written.  The application program should not
manually update the number of rows in the table (as given by the NAXIS2
keyword) since CFITSIO does this automatically.  If a table is
initially created with more than zero rows, then this will usually be
considered as the minimum size of the table, even if fewer rows are
actually written to the table.  Thus, if a table is initially created
with NAXIS2 = 20, and CFITSIO only writes 10 rows of data before
closing the table, then NAXIS2 will remain equal to 20.  If however, 30
rows of data are written to this table, then NAXIS2 will be increased
from 20 to 30.  The one exception to this automatic updating of the
NAXIS2 keyword is if the application program directly modifies the
value of NAXIS2 (up or down) itself just before closing the table.  In this
case, CFITSIO does not update NAXIS2 again, since it assumes that the
application program must have had a good reason for changing the value
directly.  This is not recommended, however, and is only provided for
backward compatibility with software that initially creates a table
with a large number of rows, than decreases the NAXIS2 value to the
actual smaller value just before closing the table.


\section{CFITSIO Size Limitations}

CFITSIO places very few restrictions on the size of FITS files that it
reads or writes.  There are a few limits, however, that may affect
some extreme cases:

1.  The maximum number of FITS files that may be simultaneously opened by
CFITSIO is set by NMAXFILES, as defined in fitsio2.h.  The current default
value is 1000, but this may be increased if necessary. Note that CFITSIO
allocates NIOBUF * 2880 bytes of I/O buffer space for each file that is
opened.  The default value of NIOBUF is 40 (defined in fitsio.h), so this
amounts to  more than 115K of memory  for each opened file (or 115 MB for
1000 opened files).  Note that the underlying  operating system, may have a
lower limit on the number of files that can be opened simultaneously.

2.  It used to be common for computer systems to only support disk files up
to 2**31 bytes = 2.1 GB in size, but most systems now support larger files.
CFITSIO can optionally read and write these so-called 'large files' that
are greater than 2.1 GB on
platforms where they are supported, but this
usually requires that special compiler option flags be specified to turn
on this  option.  On linux and solaris systems the compiler flags are
'-D\_LARGEFILE\_SOURCE' and  `-D\_FILE\_OFFSET\_BITS=64'. These flags
may also work on other platforms but this has not been tested.  Starting
with version 3.0 of CFITSIO, the default Makefile that is distributed
with CFITSIO will include these 2 compiler flags when building on Solaris
and Linux PC systems.   Users on other platforms will need to add these
compiler flags manually if they want to support large files.  In most
cases it appears that it is not necessary to include these compiler
flags when compiling application code that call the CFITSIO library
routines.

When CFITSIO is built with large file support (e.g., on Solaris and
Linux PC system by default) then it can read and write FITS data files
on disk that have any of these conditions:

\begin{itemize}
\item
FITS files larger than 2.1 GB in size
\item
FITS images containing greater than 2.1 G pixels
\item
FITS images that have one dimension with more than 2.1 G pixels
(as given by one of the NAXISn keyword)
\item
FITS tables containing more than 2.1E09 rows (given by the NAXIS2 keyword),
or with rows that are more than 2.1 GB wide (given by the NAXIS1 keyword)
\item
FITS binary tables with a variable-length array heap that is larger
than 2.1 GB (given by the PCOUNT keyword)
\end{itemize}

The current maximum FITS file size supported by  CFITSIO
is about 6 terabytes (containing
2**31 FITS blocks, each 2880 bytes in size). Currently, support for large
files in CFITSIO has been tested on the Linux, Solaris, and IBM AIX
operating systems.

Note that when writing application programs that are intended to support
large files it is important to use 64-bit integer variables
to store quantities such as the dimensions of images, or the number of
rows in a table.  These programs must also call the special versions
of some of the CFITSIO routines that have been adapted to
support 64-bit integers.  The names of these routines end in
'll' ('el' 'el') to distinguish them from the 32-bit integer
version (e.g.,  fits\_get\_num\_rowsll).


\chapter{Basic CFITSIO Interface Routines }

This chapter describes the basic routines in the CFITSIO user interface
that provide all the functions normally needed to read and write most
FITS files.  It is recommended that these routines be used for most
applications and that the more advanced routines described in the
next chapter only be used in special circumstances when necessary.

The following conventions are used in this chapter in the description
of each function:

1. Most functions have 2 names: a long descriptive name and a short
concise name.  Both names are listed on the first line of the following
descriptions, separated by a slash (/) character.  Programmers may use
either name in their programs but the long names are recommended to
help document the code and make it easier to read.

2. A right arrow symbol ($>$) is used in the function descriptions to
separate the input parameters from the output parameters in the
definition of each routine.  This symbol is not actually part of the C
calling sequence.

3. The function parameters are defined in more detail in the
alphabetical listing in Appendix B.

4.  The first argument in almost all the functions is a pointer to a
structure of type `fitsfile'.  Memory for this structure is allocated
by CFITSIO when the FITS file is first opened or created and is freed
when the FITS file is closed.

5.  The last argument in almost all the functions is the error status
parameter.  It must be equal to 0 on input, otherwise the function will
immediately exit without doing anything.  A non-zero output value
indicates that an error occurred in the function.  In most cases the
status value is also returned as the value of the function itself.


\section{CFITSIO Error Status Routines}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Return a descriptive text string (30 char max.) corresponding to
   a CFITSIO error status code.\label{ffgerr}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  void fits_get_errstatus / ffgerr (int status, > char *err_text)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Return the top (oldest) 80-character error message from the
    internal CFITSIO stack of error messages and shift any remaining
    messages on the stack up one level.  Call this routine
    repeatedly to get each message in sequence.  The function returns
   a value = 0 and a null error message when the error stack is empty.
\label{ffgmsg}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_errmsg / ffgmsg (char *err_msg)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Print out the error message corresponding to the input status
    value and all the error messages on the CFITSIO stack to the specified
    file stream  (normally to stdout or stderr).  If the input
    status value = 0 then this routine does nothing.
\label{ffrprt}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  void fits_report_error / ffrprt (FILE *stream, status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ]The fits\_write\_errmark routine puts an invisible marker on the
   CFITSIO error stack.  The fits\_clear\_errmark routine can then be
   used to delete any more recent error messages on the stack, back to
   the position of the marker.  This preserves any older error messages
   on the stack.  The fits\_clear\_errmsg routine simply clears all the
   messages (and marks) from the stack.  These routines are called
   without any arguments.
\label{ffpmrk}  \label{ffcmsg}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  void fits_write_errmark / ffpmrk (void)
  void fits_clear_errmark / ffcmrk (void)
  void fits_clear_errmsg / ffcmsg (void)
\end{verbatim}


\section{FITS File Access Routines}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Open an existing data file. \label{ffopen}


\begin{verbatim}
int fits_open_file / ffopen
    (fitsfile **fptr, char *filename, int iomode, > int *status)

int fits_open_diskfile / ffdkopn
    (fitsfile **fptr, char *filename, int iomode, > int *status)

int fits_open_data / ffdopn
    (fitsfile **fptr, char *filename, int iomode, > int *status)

int fits_open_table / fftopn
    (fitsfile **fptr, char *filename, int iomode, > int *status)

int fits_open_image / ffiopn
    (fitsfile **fptr, char *filename, int iomode, > int *status)

int fits_open_extlist / ffeopn
    (fitsfile **fptr, char *filename, int iomode, char *extlist,
    >  int *hdutype, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

The iomode parameter determines the read/write access allowed in the
file and can have values of READONLY (0) or READWRITE (1). The filename
parameter gives the name of the file to be opened, followed by an
optional argument giving the name or index number of the extension
within the FITS file that should be moved to and opened (e.g.,
\verb-myfile.fits+3- or \verb-myfile.fits[3]- moves to the 3rd extension within
the file, and \verb-myfile.fits[events]- moves to the extension with the
keyword EXTNAME = 'EVENTS').

The fits\_open\_diskfile routine is similar to the fits\_open\_file routine
except that it does not support the extended filename syntax in the input
file name.  This routine simply tries to open the specified input file
on magnetic disk.  This routine is mainly for use in cases where the
filename (or directory path) contains square or curly bracket characters
that would confuse the extended filename parser.

The fits\_open\_data routine is similar to the fits\_open\_file routine
except that it will move to the first HDU containing significant data,
if a HDU name or number to open was not explicitly specified as
part of the filename.  In this case, it will look for the first
IMAGE HDU with NAXIS greater than 0, or the first table that does not contain the
strings `GTI' (Good Time Interval extension) or `OBSTABLE' in the
EXTNAME keyword value.

The fits\_open\_table and fits\_open\_image routines are similar to
fits\_open\_data except they will move to the first significant table
HDU or image HDU in the file, respectively, if a HDU name or
number is not specified as part of the filename.

The fits\_open\_extlist routine opens the file and attempts to move to
a 'useful' HDU. If after opening the file CFITSIO is pointing to null
primary array, then CFITSIO will attempt to move to the first
extension that has an EXTNAME or HDUNAME keyword value that matches
one of the names in the input extlist space-delimited list of names
(wildcards are permitted).  If that fails, then CFITSIO simply moves
to the 2nd HDU in the file.  Upon return, the type of the HDU is
returned in *hdutype, as described in \ref{ffmahd} HDU Access Routines.

IRAF images (.imh format files) and raw binary data arrays may also be
opened with READONLY access.  CFITSIO will automatically test if the
input file is an IRAF image, and if, so will convert it on the fly into
a virtual FITS image before it is opened by the application program.
If the input file is a raw binary data array of numbers, then the data type
and dimensions of the array must be specified in square brackets
following the name of the file (e.g.  'rawfile.dat[i512,512]' opens a
512 x 512 short integer image).  See the `Extended File Name Syntax'
chapter for more details on how to specify the raw file name.  The raw
file is converted on the fly into a virtual FITS image in memory that
is then opened by the application program with READONLY access.

Programs can read the input file from the 'stdin' file stream if a dash
character ('-') is given as the filename. Files can also be opened over
the network using FTP or HTTP protocols by supplying the appropriate URL
as the filename.  The HTTPS and FTPS protocols are also supported if the CFITSIO
build includes the libcurl library.  (If the CFITSIO 'configure' script
finds a usable libcurl library on your system, it will automatically be 
included in the build.)

The input file can be modified in various ways to create a virtual file
(usually stored in memory) that is then opened by the application
program by supplying a filtering or binning specifier in square brackets
following the filename. Some of the more common filtering methods are
illustrated in the following paragraphs, but users should refer to the
'Extended File Name Syntax' chapter for a complete description of
the full file filtering syntax.

When opening an image, a rectangular subset of the physical image may be
opened by listing the first and last pixel in each dimension (and
optional pixel skipping factor):

\begin{verbatim}
myimage.fits[101:200,301:400]
\end{verbatim}
will create and open a 100x100 pixel virtual image of that section of
the physical image, and \verb+myimage.fits[*,-*]+ opens a virtual image
that is the same size as the physical image but has been flipped in
the vertical direction.

When opening a table, the filtering syntax can be used to add or delete
columns or keywords in the virtual table:
\verb-myfile.fits[events][col !time; PI = PHA*1.2]- opens a virtual table in which the TIME column
has been deleted and a new PI column has been added with a value 1.2
times that of the PHA column. Similarly, one can filter a table to keep
only those rows that satisfy a selection criterion:
\verb-myfile.fits[events][pha > 50]- creates and opens a virtual table
containing only those rows with a PHA value greater than 50. A large
number of boolean and mathematical operators can be used in the
selection expression. One can also filter table rows using 'Good Time
Interval' extensions, and spatial region filters as in
\verb-myfile.fits[events][gtifilter()]- and
\verb-myfile.fits[events][regfilter( "stars.rng")]-.

Finally, table columns may be binned or histogrammed to generate a
virtual image. For example, \verb-myfile.fits[events][bin (X,Y)=4]- will
result in a 2-dimensional image calculated by binning the X and Y
columns in the event table with a bin size of 4 in each dimension. The
TLMINn and TLMAXn keywords will be used by default to determine the
range of the image.

A single program can open the same FITS file more than once and then
treat the resulting fitsfile pointers as though they were completely
independent FITS files. Using this facility, a program can open a FITS
file twice, move to 2 different extensions within the file, and then
 read and write data in those extensions in any order.
\end{description}


\begin{description}
\item[2 ]  Create and open a new empty output FITS file. \label{ffinit}


\begin{verbatim}
int fits_create_file / ffinit
    (fitsfile **fptr, char *filename, > int *status)

int fits_create_diskfile / ffdkinit
    (fitsfile **fptr, char *filename, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

An error will be returned if the specified file already exists, unless
the filename is prefixed with an exclamation point (!). In that case
CFITSIO will overwrite (delete) any existing file with the same name.
Note that the exclamation point is a special UNIX character so if
it is used on the command line it must be preceded by a backslash to
force the UNIX shell to accept the character as part of the filename.

The output file will be written to the 'stdout' file stream if a dash
character ('-') or the string 'stdout' is given as the filename. Similarly,
'-.gz' or 'stdout.gz' will cause the file to be gzip compressed before
it is written out to the stdout stream.

Optionally, the name of a template file that is used to define the
structure of the new file may be specified in parentheses following the
output file name. The template file may be another FITS file, in which
case the new file, at the time it is opened, will be an exact copy of
the template file except that the data structures (images and tables)
will be filled with zeros. Alternatively, the template file may be an
ASCII format text file containing directives that define the keywords to be
created in each HDU of the file. See the 'Extended File Name Syntax'
 section for a complete description of the template file syntax.

The fits\_create\_diskfile routine is similar to the fits\_create\_file routine
except that it does not support the extended filename syntax in the input
file name.  This routine simply tries to create the specified file
on magnetic disk.  This routine is mainly for use in cases where the
filename (or directory path) contains square or curly bracket characters
 that would confuse the extended filename parser.
\end{description}



\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Close a previously opened FITS file.  The first routine simply
closes the file, whereas the second one also DELETES the file, which
can be useful in cases where a FITS file has been partially created,
but then an error occurs which prevents it from being completed.
Note that these routines behave differently than most other CFITSIO routines
if the input value of the `status' parameter is not zero:  Instead of
simply returning to the calling program without doing anything, these
routines effectively ignore the input status value and still attempt
to close or delete the file.
 \label{ffclos} \label{ffdelt}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_close_file / ffclos (fitsfile *fptr, > int *status)

  int fits_delete_file / ffdelt (fitsfile *fptr, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ]Return the name, I/O mode (READONLY or READWRITE), and/or the file
type (e.g. 'file://', 'ftp://') of the opened FITS file. \label{ffflnm}
 \label{ffflmd} \label{ffurlt}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_file_name / ffflnm (fitsfile *fptr, > char *filename, int *status)

  int fits_file_mode / ffflmd (fitsfile *fptr, > int *iomode, int *status)

  int fits_url_type / ffurlt (fitsfile *fptr, > char *urltype, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\section{HDU Access Routines}

The following functions perform operations on Header-Data Units (HDUs)
as a whole.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Move to a different HDU in the file.  The first routine moves to a
    specified absolute HDU number (starting with 1 for the primary
    array) in the FITS file, and the second routine moves a relative
    number HDUs forward or backward from the current HDU.  A null
    pointer may be given for the hdutype parameter if it's value is
    not needed.  The third routine moves to the (first) HDU which has
    the specified extension type and EXTNAME and EXTVER keyword values
    (or HDUNAME and HDUVER keywords).  The extname parameter may
    contain wildcards, as accepted by fits\_compare\_str().  The
    hdutype parameter may have a value of IMAGE\_HDU, ASCII\_TBL,
    BINARY\_TBL, or ANY\_HDU where ANY\_HDU means that only the
    extname and extver values will be used to locate the correct
    extension.  If the input value of extver is 0 then the EXTVER
    keyword is ignored and the first HDU with a matching EXTNAME (or
    HDUNAME) keyword will be found.  If no matching HDU is found in
    the file then the current HDU will remain unchanged and a status =
    BAD\_HDU\_NUM will be returned.
  \label{ffmahd} \label{ffmrhd} \label{ffmnhd}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_movabs_hdu / ffmahd
      (fitsfile *fptr, int hdunum, > int *hdutype, int *status)

  int fits_movrel_hdu / ffmrhd
      (fitsfile *fptr, int nmove, > int *hdutype, int *status)

  int fits_movnam_hdu / ffmnhd
      (fitsfile *fptr, int hdutype, char *extname, int extver, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Return the total number of HDUs in the FITS file.  This returns the
number of completely defined HDUs in the file.  If a new HDU has just been added to
the FITS file, then that last HDU will only be counted if it has been closed,
or if data has been written to the HDU.
   The current HDU remains unchanged by this routine. \label{ffthdu}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_num_hdus / ffthdu
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *hdunum, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Return the number of the current HDU (CHDU) in the FITS file (where
    the primary array = 1).  This function returns the HDU number
   rather than a status value.  \label{ffghdn}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_hdu_num / ffghdn
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *hdunum)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Return the type of the current HDU in the FITS file.  The possible
   values for hdutype are: IMAGE\_HDU, ASCII\_TBL, or BINARY\_TBL.  \label{ffghdt}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_hdu_type / ffghdt
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *hdutype, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Copy all or part of the HDUs in the FITS file associated with infptr
    and append them to the end of the FITS file associated with
    outfptr.  If 'previous' is true (not 0), then any HDUs preceding
    the current HDU in the input file will be copied to the output
    file.  Similarly, 'current' and 'following' determine whether the
    current HDU, and/or any following HDUs in the input file will be
    copied to the output file. Thus, if all 3 parameters are true, then the
    entire input file will be copied.  On exit, the current HDU in
    the input file will be unchanged, and the last HDU in the output
   file will be the current HDU.  \label{ffcpfl}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_copy_file / ffcpfl
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int previous, int current,
          int following, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Copy the current HDU from the FITS file associated with infptr and append it
    to the end of the FITS file associated with outfptr.  Space may be
   reserved for MOREKEYS additional keywords in the output header. \label{ffcopy}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_copy_hdu / ffcopy
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int morekeys, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Write the current HDU in the input FITS file to the
   output FILE stream (e.g., to stdout). \label{ffwrhdu}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_hdu / ffwrhdu
      (fitsfile *infptr, FILE *stream, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[8 ]  Copy the header (and not the data) from the CHDU associated with infptr
    to the CHDU associated with outfptr.  If the current output HDU
    is not completely empty, then the CHDU will be closed and a new
    HDU will be appended to the output file.   An empty output data unit
   will be created with all values initially = 0). \label{ffcphd}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_copy_header / ffcphd
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ]  Delete the CHDU in the FITS file.  Any following HDUs will be shifted
    forward in the file, to fill in the gap created by the deleted
    HDU.  In the case of deleting the primary array (the first HDU in
    the file) then the current primary array will be replace by a null
    primary array containing the minimum set of required keywords and
    no data.  If there are more extensions in the file following the
    one that is deleted, then the the CHDU will be redefined to point
    to the following extension.  If there are no following extensions
    then the CHDU will be redefined to point to the previous HDU.  The
    output hdutype parameter returns the type of the new CHDU.  A null
    pointer may be given for
   hdutype if the returned value is not needed. \label{ffdhdu}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_delete_hdu / ffdhdu
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *hdutype, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\section{Header Keyword Read/Write Routines}

These routines read or write keywords in the Current Header Unit
(CHU).  Wild card characters (*, ?, or \#) may be used when specifying
the name of the keyword to be read: a '?' will match any single
character at that position in the keyword name and a '*' will match any
length (including zero) string of characters.  The '\#' character will
match any consecutive string of decimal digits (0 - 9).  When a wild
card is used the routine will only search for a match from the current
header position to the end of the header and will not resume the search
from the top of the header back to the original header position as is
done when no wildcards are included in the keyword name.  The
fits\_read\_record routine may be used to set the starting position
when doing wild card searches.  A status value of KEY\_NO\_EXIST is
returned if the specified keyword to be read is not found in the
header.


\subsection{Keyword Reading Routines}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Return the number of existing keywords (not counting the
    END keyword) and the amount of space currently available for more
    keywords.  It returns morekeys = -1 if the header has not yet been
    closed.  Note that CFITSIO will dynamically add space if required
    when writing new keywords to a header so in practice there is no
    limit to the number of keywords that can be added to a header.  A
    null pointer may be entered for the morekeys parameter if it's
   value is not needed. \label{ffghsp}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_hdrspace / ffghsp
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *keysexist, int *morekeys, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Return the specified keyword.  In the first routine,
    the datatype parameter specifies the desired returned data type of the
    keyword value and can have one of the following symbolic constant
    values:  TSTRING, TLOGICAL (== int), TBYTE, TSHORT, TUSHORT, TINT,
    TUINT, TLONG, TULONG, TLONGLONG, TFLOAT, TDOUBLE, TCOMPLEX, and TDBLCOMPLEX.
    Within the context of this routine, TSTRING corresponds to a
    'char*' data type, i.e., a pointer to a character array.  Data type
    conversion will be performed for numeric values if the keyword
    value does not have the same data type.  If the value of the keyword
    is undefined (i.e., the value field is blank) then an error status
    = VALUE\_UNDEFINED will be returned.

    The second routine returns the keyword value as a character string
    (a literal copy of what is in the value field) regardless of the
    intrinsic data type of the keyword.  The third routine returns
    the entire 80-character header record of the keyword, with any
    trailing blank characters stripped off. The fourth routine returns
    the (next) header record that contains the literal string of characters
    specified by the 'string' argument.

    If a NULL comment pointer is supplied then the comment string
   will not be returned. \label{ffgky} \label{ffgkey} \label{ffgcrd}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_key / ffgky
      (fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, char *keyname, > DTYPE *value,
       char *comment, int *status)

  int fits_read_keyword / ffgkey
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, > char *value, char *comment,
       int *status)

  int fits_read_card / ffgcrd
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, > char *card, int *status)

  int fits_read_str / ffgstr
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *string, > char *card, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Read a string-valued keyword and return the string length, the value string, 
    and/or the commment length and comment field.  These routines support the reading
    of long string keyword values of arbitrary length which use the CONTINUE convention.
    The first two routines, ffgkcsl and ffgskyc are the newer versions of the second two.  
    They provide all the functionality of the older routines, 
    but have the added capability of returning the length of comment strings (if any),
    and reading multi-line comment strings of arbitrary length.  They are recommended
    for use in the future.  ffgksl and ffgsky are maintained for backwards-compatibility.
    
    The first routine, ffgkcsl, simply returns the lengths of the character string value and
    comment string (if any) of the specified keyword.  These lengths are particularly helpful
    for allocating dynamic memory when retrieving the strings in the ffgskyc function.
    To create an array large enough to hold the full string, one should allocate a size equal to
    the returned length + 1 (for the trailing NULL).
    
    The second routine, ffgskyc, is for retrieving the value string and optional comment 
    string, both of which may be of arbitrary length spreading over multiple lines with the
    CONTINUE keyword convention.  It will return up to maxchar characters of the keyword value
    string, starting with the firstchar character.  Similarly, maxcomchar determines the 
    maximum number of characters to return for the comment string.  (The valuelen and comlen
    arguments return the total length of their respective strings regardless of what is actually
    returned as determined from the firstchar and max(com)char arguments.) If NULL is passed for 
    either the value or comm string pointer, its max(com)char setting is irrelevant since
    the corresponding string will not be returned.
    
    The ffgksl routine is the earlier version of ffgkcsl. It only returns the value string length and
    not the comment string length.  ffgsky, the earlier version of ffgskyc, does return 
    both the value string and comment string.  However it will only return up to the
    first FLEN\_COMMENT-1 characters of the comment.  It can read comments across
    multiple lines, but not of arbitrary length.   \label{ffgkcsl} \label{ffgskyc} \label{ffgksl} \label{ffgsky}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_key_com_strlen / ffgkcsl
      (fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int *length, int *comlength,
      int *status);
      
  int fits_read_string_key_com / ffgskyc
      (fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int firstchar, int maxchar,
      int maxcomchar, char *value, int *valuelen, char *comm,
      int *comlen, int *status);
      
  int fits_get_key_strlen / ffgksl
      (fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int *length, int *status);

  int fits_read_string_key / ffgsky
       (fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, int firstchar, int maxchar,
       char *value, int *valuelen, char *comm, int *status);
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Return the nth header record in the CHU.  The first keyword
   in the header is at keynum = 1;  if keynum = 0 then these routines
   simply reset the internal CFITSIO pointer to the beginning of the header
   so that subsequent keyword operations will start at the top of the
   header (e.g., prior to searching for keywords using wild cards in
   the keyword name).   The first routine returns the entire
   80-character header record (with trailing blanks truncated),
   while the second routine parses the record and returns the name,
   value, and comment fields as separate (blank truncated)
   character strings.  If a NULL comment pointer is given on input,
   then the comment string will not be
  returned. \label{ffgrec} \label{ffgkyn}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_record / ffgrec
      (fitsfile *fptr, int keynum, > char *card, int *status)

  int fits_read_keyn / ffgkyn
      (fitsfile *fptr, int keynum, > char *keyname, char *value,
       char *comment, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Return the next keyword whose name matches one of the strings in
    'inclist' but does not match any of the strings in 'exclist'.
    The strings in inclist and exclist may contain wild card characters
    (*, ?, and \#) as described at the beginning of this section.
    This routine searches from the current header position to the
    end of the header, only, and does not continue the search from
    the top of the header back to the original position.  The current
    header position may be reset with the ffgrec routine.  Note
    that nexc may be set = 0 if there are no keywords to be excluded.
    This routine returns status = KEY\_NO\_EXIST if a matching
   keyword is not found. \label{ffgnxk}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_find_nextkey / ffgnxk
      (fitsfile *fptr, char **inclist, int ninc, char **exclist,
       int nexc, > char *card, int  *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Return the physical units string from an existing keyword.  This
    routine uses a local convention, shown in the following example,
    in which the keyword units are enclosed in square brackets in the
    beginning of the keyword comment field.  A null string is returned
   if no units are defined for the keyword.  \label{ffgunt}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
     VELOCITY=                 12.3 / [km/s] orbital speed

  int fits_read_key_unit / ffgunt
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, > char *unit, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Concatenate the header keywords in the CHDU into a single long
    string of characters.  This provides a convenient way of passing
    all or part of the header information in a FITS HDU to other subroutines.
    Each 80-character fixed-length keyword record is appended to the
    output character string, in order, with no intervening separator or
    terminating characters. The last header record is terminated with
    a NULL character.  These routine allocates memory for the returned
    character array, so the calling program must free the memory when
    finished.  The cleanest way to do this is to
    call the fits\_free\_memory routine.

    There are 2 related routines: fits\_hdr2str simply concatenates all
    the existing keywords in the header; fits\_convert\_hdr2str is similar,
    except that if the CHDU is a tile compressed image (stored in a binary
    table) then it will first convert that header back to that of the corresponding
    normal FITS image before concatenating the keywords.

    Selected keywords may be excluded from the returned character string.
    If the second parameter (nocomments) is TRUE (nonzero) then any
    COMMENT, HISTORY, or blank keywords in the header will not be copied
    to the output string.

    The 'exclist' parameter may be used to supply a list of keywords
    that are to be excluded from the output character string. Wild card
    characters (*, ?, and \#) may be used in the excluded keyword names.
    If no additional keywords are to be excluded, then set nexc = 0 and
   specify NULL for the the **exclist  parameter.  \label{ffhdr2str}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_hdr2str / ffhdr2str
      (fitsfile *fptr, int nocomments, char **exclist, int nexc,
      > char **header, int *nkeys, int *status)

  int fits_convert_hdr2str / ffcnvthdr2str
      (fitsfile *fptr, int nocomments, char **exclist, int nexc,
      > char **header, int *nkeys, int *status)

  int fits_free_memory / fffree
      (char *header, > int *status);

\end{verbatim}


\subsection{Keyword Writing Routines}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Write a keyword of the appropriate data type into the
    CHU.  The first routine simply appends a new keyword whereas the
    second routine will update the value and comment fields of the
    keyword if it already exists, otherwise it appends a new
    keyword.  Note that the address to the value, and not the value
    itself, must be entered.    The datatype parameter specifies the
    data type of the keyword value with one of the following values:
    TSTRING, TLOGICAL (== int), TBYTE, TSHORT, TUSHORT, TINT, TUINT,
    TLONG, TLONGLONG, TULONG, TFLOAT, TDOUBLE.  Within the context of this
    routine, TSTRING corresponds to a 'char*' data type, i.e., a pointer
    to a character array.  A null pointer may be entered for the
    comment parameter in which case the  keyword comment
   field will be unmodified or left blank.  \label{ffpky} \label{ffuky}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_key / ffpky
      (fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, char *keyname, DTYPE *value,
          char *comment, > int *status)

  int fits_update_key / ffuky
      (fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, char *keyname, DTYPE *value,
          char *comment, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Write a keyword with a null or undefined value (i.e., the
    value field in the keyword is left blank).  The first routine
    simply appends a new keyword whereas the second routine will update
    the value and comment fields of the keyword if it already exists,
    otherwise it appends a new keyword.  A null pointer may be
    entered for the comment parameter in which case the  keyword
    comment
   field will be unmodified or left blank. \label{ffpkyu} \label{ffukyu}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_key_null / ffpkyu
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *comment, > int *status)

  int fits_update_key_null / ffukyu
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *comment, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Write (append) a COMMENT or HISTORY keyword to the CHU.  The comment or
    history string will be continued over multiple keywords if it is longer
   than 70 characters. \label{ffpcom} \label{ffphis}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_comment / ffpcom
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *comment, > int *status)

  int fits_write_history / ffphis
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *history, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Write the DATE keyword to the CHU. The keyword value will contain
    the current system date as a character string in 'yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss'
    format. If a DATE keyword already exists in the header, then this
    routine will simply update the keyword value with the current date.
   \label{ffpdat}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_date / ffpdat
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ]Write a user specified keyword record into the CHU.  This is
   a low--level routine which can be used to write any arbitrary
   record into the header.  The record must conform to the all
  the FITS format requirements. \label{ffprec}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_record / ffprec
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *card, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ]Update an 80-character record in the CHU.  If a keyword with the input
   name already exists, then it is overwritten by the value of card.  This
   could modify the keyword name as well as the value and comment fields.
   If the keyword doesn't already exist then a new keyword card is appended
  to the header. \label{ffucrd}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_update_card / ffucrd
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *card, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Modify (overwrite) the comment field of an existing keyword. \label{ffmcom}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_modify_comment / ffmcom
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *comment, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[8 ] Write the physical units string into an existing keyword.  This
    routine uses a local convention, shown in the following example,
    in which the keyword units are enclosed in square brackets in the
   beginning of the keyword comment field.  \label{ffpunt}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
     VELOCITY=                 12.3 / [km/s] orbital speed

  int fits_write_key_unit / ffpunt
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *unit, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ] Rename an existing keyword, preserving the current value
   and comment fields. \label{ffmnam}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_modify_name / ffmnam
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *oldname, char *newname, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[10]  Delete a keyword record.  The space occupied by
    the keyword is reclaimed by moving all the following header records up
    one row in the header.  The first routine deletes a keyword at a
    specified position in the header (the first keyword is at position 1),
    whereas the second routine deletes a specifically named keyword.
    Wild card characters may be used when specifying the name of the keyword
    to be deleted. The third routine deletes the (next) keyword that contains
    the literal character string specified by the 'string'
   argument.\label{ffdrec} \label{ffdkey}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_delete_record / ffdrec
      (fitsfile *fptr, int   keynum,  > int *status)

  int fits_delete_key / ffdkey
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, > int *status)

  int fits_delete_str / ffdstr
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *string, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\section{Primary Array or IMAGE Extension I/O Routines}

These routines read or write data values in the primary data array (i.e.,
the first HDU in a FITS file) or an IMAGE extension.   There are also
routines to get information about the data type and size of the image.
Users should also read the following chapter on the CFITSIO iterator
function which provides a more `object oriented' method of reading and
writing images.  The iterator function is a little more complicated to
use, but the advantages are that it usually takes less code to perform
the same operation, and the resulting program often runs faster because
the FITS files are read and written using the most efficient block size.

C programmers should note that the ordering of arrays in FITS files, and
hence in all the CFITSIO calls, is more similar to the dimensionality
of arrays in Fortran rather than C.  For instance if a FITS image has
NAXIS1 = 100 and NAXIS2 = 50, then a 2-D array just large enough to hold
the image should be declared as array[50][100] and not as array[100][50].

The `datatype'  parameter specifies the data type of the `nulval'  and
`array' pointers and can have one of the following  values:  TBYTE,
TSBYTE, TSHORT, TUSHORT, TINT, TUINT, TLONG, TLONGLONG, TULONG, TULONGLONG, TFLOAT,
TDOUBLE.  Automatic data type conversion is performed if the data type
of the FITS array (as defined by the BITPIX keyword) differs from that
specified by 'datatype'.  The data values are also automatically scaled
by the BSCALE and BZERO keyword values as they are being read or written
in the FITS array.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Get the data type or equivalent data type of the image.  The
    first routine returns the physical data type of the FITS image, as
    given by the BITPIX keyword, with allowed values of BYTE\_IMG (8),
    SHORT\_IMG (16), LONG\_IMG (32), LONGLONG\_IMG (64),
    FLOAT\_IMG (-32), and DOUBLE\_IMG
    (-64).
    The second routine is similar, except that if the image pixel
    values are scaled, with non-default values for the BZERO and BSCALE
    keywords, then the routine will return the 'equivalent' data type
    that is needed to store the scaled values.  For example, if BITPIX
    = 16 and BSCALE = 0.1 then the equivalent data type is FLOAT\_IMG.
    Similarly if BITPIX = 16, BSCALE = 1, and BZERO = 32768, then the
    the pixel values span the range of an unsigned short integer and
   the returned data type will be USHORT\_IMG. \label{ffgidt}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_img_type / ffgidt
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *bitpix, int *status)

  int fits_get_img_equivtype / ffgiet
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *bitpix, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Get the number of dimensions, and/or the size of
    each dimension in the image .  The number of axes in the image is
    given by naxis, and the size of each dimension is given by the
    naxes array (a maximum of maxdim dimensions will be returned).
   \label{ffgidm} \label{ffgisz} \label{ffgipr}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_img_dim / ffgidm
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *naxis, int *status)

  int fits_get_img_size / ffgisz
      (fitsfile *fptr, int maxdim, > long *naxes, int *status)

  int fits_get_img_sizell / ffgiszll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int maxdim, > LONGLONG *naxes, int *status)

  int fits_get_img_param / ffgipr
      (fitsfile *fptr, int maxdim, > int *bitpix, int *naxis, long *naxes,
       int *status)

  int fits_get_img_paramll / ffgiprll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int maxdim, > int *bitpix, int *naxis, LONGLONG *naxes,
       int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ]Create a new primary array or IMAGE extension with a specified
   data type and size.  If the FITS file is currently empty then a
   primary array is created, otherwise a new IMAGE extension is
  appended to the file. \label{ffcrim}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_create_img / ffcrim
      ( fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, long *naxes, > int *status)

  int fits_create_imgll / ffcrimll
      ( fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, LONGLONG *naxes, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Copy an n-dimensional image in a particular row and column of a
    binary table (in a vector column)
    to or from a primary array or image extension.

    The 'cell2image' routine
    will append a new image extension (or primary array) to the output file.
    Any WCS keywords associated with the input column image will be translated
    into the appropriate form for an image extension.  Any other keywords
    in the table header that are not specifically related to defining the
    binary table structure or to other columns in the table
    will also be copied to the header of the output image.

    The 'image2cell' routine will copy the input image into the specified row
    and column of the current binary table in the output file.  The binary table
    HDU must exist before calling this routine, but it
    may be empty, with no rows or columns of data.  The specified column
    (and row) will be created if it does not already exist.  The 'copykeyflag'
    parameter controls which keywords are copied from the input
    image to the header of the output table: 0 = no keywords will be copied,
    1 = all keywords will be copied (except those keywords that would be invalid in
   the table header), and 2 = copy only the WCS keywords. \label{copycell}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_copy_cell2image
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, char *colname, long rownum,
       > int *status)

  int fits_copy_image2cell
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, char *colname, long rownum,
       int copykeyflag > int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Write a rectangular subimage (or the whole image) to the FITS data
    array.  The fpixel and lpixel arrays give the coordinates of the
    first (lower left corner) and last (upper right corner) pixels in
   FITS image to be written to.  \label{ffpss}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_subset / ffpss
      (fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, long *fpixel, long *lpixel,
       DTYPE *array, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Write pixels into the FITS data array.  'fpixel' is an array of
   length NAXIS which gives the coordinate of the starting pixel to be
   written to, such that fpixel[0] is in the range 1 to NAXIS1,
   fpixel[1] is in the range 1 to NAXIS2, etc.  The first pair of routines
   simply writes the array of pixels to the FITS file (doing data type
   conversion if necessary) whereas the second routines will substitute
   the  appropriate FITS null value for any elements which are equal to
   the input value of nulval (note that this parameter gives the
   address of the null value, not the null value itself).  For integer
   FITS arrays, the FITS null value is defined by the BLANK keyword (an
   error is returned if the BLANK keyword doesn't exist).  For floating
   point FITS arrays  the special IEEE NaN (Not-a-Number) value will be
   written into the FITS file.  If a null pointer is entered for
   nulval, then the null value is ignored and this routine behaves
  the same as fits\_write\_pix.   \label{ffppx} \label{ffppxn}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_pix / ffppx
      (fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, long *fpixel, LONGLONG nelements,
       DTYPE *array, int *status);

  int fits_write_pixll / ffppxll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, LONGLONG *fpixel, LONGLONG nelements,
       DTYPE *array, int *status);

  int fits_write_pixnull / ffppxn
      (fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, long *fpixel, LONGLONG nelements,
       DTYPE *array, DTYPE *nulval, > int *status);

  int fits_write_pixnullll / ffppxnll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, LONGLONG *fpixel, LONGLONG nelements,
       DTYPE *array, DTYPE *nulval, > int *status);
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Set FITS data array elements equal to the appropriate null pixel
    value. For integer FITS arrays, the FITS null value is defined by
    the BLANK keyword  (an error is returned if the BLANK keyword
    doesn't exist). For floating point FITS arrays the special IEEE NaN
    (Not-a-Number) value will be written into the FITS file.  Note that
    'firstelem' is a scalar giving the  offset to the first pixel to be
    written in the equivalent 1-dimensional array of image pixels. \label{ffpprn}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_null_img / ffpprn
      (fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelements, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[8 ] Read a rectangular subimage (or the whole image) from the FITS
    data array.  The fpixel and lpixel arrays give the coordinates of
    the first (lower left corner) and last (upper right corner) pixels
    to be read from the FITS image. Undefined FITS array elements will
    be returned with a value = *nullval, (note that this parameter
    gives the address of the null value, not the null value itself)
    unless nulval = 0 or *nulval = 0, in which case no checks for
   undefined pixels will be performed.  \label{ffgsv}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_subset / ffgsv
      (fitsfile *fptr, int  datatype, long *fpixel, long *lpixel, long *inc,
       DTYPE *nulval, > DTYPE *array, int *anynul, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ] Read pixels from the FITS data array.  'fpixel' is the starting
    pixel location and is an array of length NAXIS such that fpixel[0]
    is in the range 1 to NAXIS1, fpixel[1] is in the range 1 to NAXIS2,
    etc. The nelements parameter specifies the number of pixels to
    read.  If fpixel is set to the first pixel, and nelements is set
    equal to the NAXIS1 value, then this routine would read the first
    row of the image.  Alternatively, if nelements is set equal to
    NAXIS1 * NAXIS2 then it would read an entire 2D image, or the first
    plane of a 3-D datacube.

    The first 2 routines will return any undefined pixels in the FITS array
    equal to the value of *nullval (note that this parameter gives the
    address of the null value, not the null value itself) unless nulval
    = 0 or *nulval = 0, in which case no checks for undefined pixels
    will be performed.  The second 2 routines are similar except that any
    undefined pixels will have the corresponding nullarray element set
   equal to TRUE (= 1).  \label{ffgpxv}  \label{ffgpxf}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_pix / ffgpxv
      (fitsfile *fptr, int  datatype, long *fpixel, LONGLONG nelements,
       DTYPE *nulval, > DTYPE *array, int *anynul, int *status)

  int fits_read_pixll / ffgpxvll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int  datatype, LONGLONG *fpixel, LONGLONG nelements,
       DTYPE *nulval, > DTYPE *array, int *anynul, int *status)

  int fits_read_pixnull / ffgpxf
      (fitsfile *fptr, int  datatype, long *fpixel, LONGLONG nelements,
       > DTYPE *array, char *nullarray, int *anynul, int *status)

  int fits_read_pixnullll / ffgpxfll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int  datatype, LONGLONG *fpixel, LONGLONG nelements,
       > DTYPE *array, char *nullarray, int *anynul, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[10]  Copy a rectangular section of an image and write it to a new
     FITS primary image or image extension.  The new image HDU is appended
     to the end of the output file; all the keywords in the input image
     will be copied to the output image.  The common WCS keywords will
     be updated if necessary to correspond to the coordinates of the section.
     The format of the section expression is
     same as specifying an image section using the extended file name
     syntax (see "Image Section" in Chapter 10).
     (Examples:  "1:100,1:200", "1:100:2, 1:*:2", "*, -*").
    \label{ffcpimg}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_copy_image_section / ffcpimg
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, char *section, int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\section{Image Compression}

CFITSIO transparently supports the 2 methods of image compression described
below.

1)  The entire FITS file may be externally compressed with the gzip or Unix
compress utility programs, producing a *.gz or *.Z file, respectively. When reading
compressed files of this type, CFITSIO first uncompresses the entire file
into memory before performing the requested read operations.  Output files
can be directly written in the gzip compressed format if the user-specified
filename ends with `.gz'.  In this case, CFITSIO initially writes the
uncompressed file in memory and then compresses it and writes it to disk
when the FITS file is closed, thus saving user disk space. Read and write
access to these compressed FITS files is generally quite fast since all the
I/O is performed in memory; the main limitation with this technique is that
there must be enough available memory (or swap space) to hold the entire
uncompressed FITS file.

2) CFITSIO also supports the FITS tiled image compression convention in
which the image is subdivided into a grid of rectangular tiles, and each
tile of pixels is individually compressed.   The details of this FITS
compression  convention are described at the FITS Support Office web site at
http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/fits\_registry.html, and in the fpackguide pdf file
that is included with the CFITSIO source file distributions Basically, the compressed
image tiles are stored in rows of a variable length array column in a FITS
binary table, however CFITSIO recognizes that this binary table extension
contains an image and treats it as if it were an IMAGE extension.  This
tile-compressed format is especially well suited for compressing very large
images because a) the FITS header keywords remain uncompressed for rapid
read access, and because b) it is possible to extract and uncompress
sections of the image without having to uncompress the entire image. This
format is also much more effective in compressing floating point images
than simply compressing the image using gzip or compress because it
approximates the floating point values with scaled integers which can then
be compressed more efficiently.

Currently CFITSIO supports 3 general purpose compression algorithms  plus
one other special-purpose compression technique that is designed for data
masks with positive integer pixel values. The 3 general purpose algorithms
are GZIP, Rice, and HCOMPRESS, and the special purpose  algorithm is the
IRAF pixel list compression technique (PLIO).  There are 2 variants of the GZIP
algorithm: GZIP\_1 compresses the array of image pixel value normally with the
GZIP algorithm, while GZIP\_2 first shuffles the bytes in all the pixel
values so that the most-significant byte of every pixel appears first, followed
by the less significant bytes in sequence.  GZIP\_2 may be more effective
in cases where the most significant byte in most of the image pixel values
contains the same bit pattern. In principle, any number of
other compression algorithms could also be supported  by the FITS tiled
image compression convention.

The FITS image can be subdivided into any desired rectangular grid of
compression tiles.  With the GZIP, Rice,  and PLIO algorithms, the default
is to take each row of the image as a tile.  The HCOMPRESS algorithm is
inherently 2-dimensional in nature, so the default in this case is to take
16 rows of the image per tile. In most cases it makes little difference what
tiling pattern is used, so the default tiles are usually adequate.  In the
case of very small images, it could be more efficient to compress the whole
image as a single tile. Note that the image dimensions are not required to
be an integer multiple of the tile dimensions; if not, then the tiles at the
edges of the image will be smaller than the other tiles.

The 4 supported image compression algorithms are all 'loss-less' when
applied to integer FITS images;  the pixel values are preserved exactly with
no loss of information during the compression and uncompression process.  In
addition, the HCOMPRESS algorithm supports a 'lossy' compression mode that
will produce
larger amount of image compression.  This is achieved by specifying a non-zero
value for the HCOMPRESS ``scale''
parameter.  Since the amount of compression that is achieved depends directly
on the RMS noise in the image, it is usually more convention
to specify the HCOMPRESS scale factor relative to the RMS noise.
Setting s = 2.5 means use a scale factor that is 2.5 times the calculated RMS noise
in the image tile.   In some cases
it may be desirable to specify the exact scaling to be used,
instead of specifying it relative to the calculated noise value.  This may
be done by specifying the negative of desired scale value (typically
in the range -2 to -100).

Very high compression factors (of 100 or more) can be
achieved by using large HCOMPRESS scale values, however, this can produce undesirable
``blocky'' artifacts in the compressed image.  A variation of the HCOMPRESS
algorithm (called HSCOMPRESS) can be used in this case to apply a small
amount of smoothing of the image when it is uncompressed to help cover up
these artifacts.  This smoothing is purely cosmetic and does not cause any
significant change to the image pixel values.

Floating point FITS images (which have BITPIX = -32 or -64) usually contain
too much ``noise'' in the least significant bits of the mantissa of the
pixel values  to be effectively compressed with any lossless algorithm.
Consequently, floating point images are first quantized into scaled integer
pixel values (and thus throwing away much of the noise) before being
compressed with the specified algorithm (either GZIP, Rice, or HCOMPRESS).
This technique produces much higher compression factors than
simply using the GZIP utility to externally compress the whole FITS file,  but it also
means that the original floating value pixel values are not exactly
preserved. When done properly, this  integer scaling technique will only
discard the insignificant noise while still preserving all the real
information in the image.  The amount of precision that is retained in the
pixel values is controlled by the "quantization level" parameter, q.  Larger
values of q will result in compressed images whose pixels more closely match
the floating point pixel values, but at the same time the amount of
compression that is achieved will be reduced.  Users should experiment with
different values for  this parameter to determine the optimal value that
preserves all the useful information in the image, without needlessly
preserving all the ``noise'' which will hurt the compression efficiency.

The default value for the quantization scale factor is 4.0, which means that
scaled integer pixel values will be quantized such that the difference
between adjacent integer values will be 1/4th of the noise level in the
image background. CFITSIO uses an optimized algorithm to accurately estimate
the noise in the image.  As an example, if the RMS noise in the background
pixels of an  image = 32.0,  then the spacing between adjacent scaled
integer pixel values  will equal 8.0 by default.  Note that the RMS noise is
independently calculated for each tile of the image, so the resulting
integer scaling factor may fluctuate slightly for each tile.   In some cases
it may be desirable to specify the exact quantization level to be used,
instead of specifying it relative to the calculated noise value.  This may
be done by specifying the negative of desired quantization level for the
value of q.  In the previous example, one could specify q = -8.0 so that the
quantized integer levels differ by exactly 8.0.  Larger negative values for q means
that the levels are more coarsely spaced, and will produce higher
compression factors.

When floating point images are being quantized, one must also specify what
quantization method is to be used.  The default algorithm is called
``SUBTRACTIVE\_DITHER\_1''.  A second variation called ``SUBTRACTIVE\_DITHER\_2''
is also available, which does the same thing except that any pixels with a
value of 0.0 are not dithered and instead the zero values are exactly
preserved in the compressed image.  This is intended for the special case
where ``bad pixels'' in the image have been artifically set to zero to indicate that they have no valid value.  It is not currently supported with HCOMPRESS, 
and if requested while using HCOMPRESS, it will be replaced with ``SUBTRACTIVE\_DITHER\_1''.  One may also turn off dithering
completely with the ``NO\_DITHER'' option, but this is not recommended
because it can cause larger systematic errors in measurements of the
position or brightness of objects in the compressed image.

There are 3 methods for specifying all the parameters needed to write a FITS
image in the tile compressed format.  The parameters may either be specified
at run time as part of the file name of the output compressed FITS file, or
the writing program may call a set of helper CFITSIO subroutines that are provided
for specifying the parameter values, or ``compression directive'' keywords
may be added to the header of each image HDU to specify the compression parameters.
These 3 methods are described below.

1)  At run time, when specifying the name of the output FITS file to be
created, the user can indicate that images should be
written in tile-compressed format by enclosing the compression
parameters in square brackets following the root disk file name
in the following format:

\begin{verbatim}
    [compress NAME T1,T2; q[z] QLEVEL, s HSCALE]
\end{verbatim}
where

\begin{verbatim}
    NAME   = algorithm name:  GZIP, Rice, HCOMPRESS, HSCOMPRSS or PLIO
             may be abbreviated to the first letter (or HS for HSCOMPRESS)
    T1,T2  = tile dimension (e.g. 100,100 for square tiles 100 pixels wide)
    QLEVEL = quantization level for floating point FITS images
    HSCALE = HCOMPRESS scale factor; default = 0 which is lossless.
\end{verbatim}

Here are a few examples of this extended syntax:


\begin{verbatim}
    myfile.fit[compress]    - use the default compression algorithm (Rice)
                              and the default tile size (row by row)

    myfile.fit[compress G] - use the specified compression algorithm;
    myfile.fit[compress R]     only the first letter of the algorithm
    myfile.fit[compress P]     should be given.
    myfile.fit[compress H]

    myfile.fit[compress R 100,100]   - use Rice and 100 x 100 pixel tiles

    myfile.fit[compress R; q 10.0] - quantization level = (RMS-noise) / 10.
    myfile.fit[compress R; qz 10.0] - quantization level = (RMS-noise) / 10.
                      also use the SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2 quantization method
    myfile.fit[compress HS; s 2.0]  -  HSCOMPRESS (with smoothing)
                                          and scale = 2.0 * RMS-noise
\end{verbatim}

2)  Before calling the CFITSIO routine to write the image header
keywords (e.g., fits\_create\_image) the programmer can call the
routines described below to specify the compression algorithm and the
tiling pattern that is to be used.  There are routines for specifying
the various compression parameters and similar routines to
return the current values of the parameters:
\label{ffsetcomp}  \label{ffgetcomp}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_set_compression_type(fitsfile *fptr, int comptype, int *status)
  int fits_set_tile_dim(fitsfile *fptr, int ndim, long *tilesize, int *status)
  int fits_set_quantize_level(fitsfile *fptr, float qlevel, int *status)
  int fits_set_quantize_method(fitsfile *fptr, int method, int *status)
  int fits_set_quantize_dither(fitsfile *fptr, int dither, int *status)
  int fits_set_dither_seed(fitsfile *fptr, int seed, int *status)
  int fits_set_dither_offset(fitsfile *fptr, int offset, int *status)
  int fits_set_lossy_int(fitsfile *fptr, int lossy_int, int *status)
      this forces integer image to be converted to floats, then quantized
  int fits_set_huge_hdu(fitsfile *fptr, int huge, int *status);
      this should be called when the compressed image size is more than 4 GB.
  int fits_set_hcomp_scale(fitsfile *fptr, float scale, int *status)
  int fits_set_hcomp_smooth(fitsfile *fptr, int smooth, int *status)
              Set smooth = 1 to apply smoothing when uncompressing the image

  int fits_get_compression_type(fitsfile *fptr, int *comptype, int *status)
  int fits_get_tile_dim(fitsfile *fptr, int ndim, long *tilesize, int *status)
  int fits_get_quantize_level(fitsfile *fptr, float *level, int *status)
  int fits_get_hcomp_scale(fitsfile *fptr, float *scale, int *status)
\end{verbatim}
Several symbolic constants are defined for use as the value of the
`comptype' parameter:  GZIP\_1, GZIP\_2, RICE\_1, HCOMPRESS\_1 or PLIO\_1.
Entering NULL for comptype will turn off the tile-compression and cause normal FITS
images to be written.

There are also defined symbolic constants for the quantization method:
``SUBTRACTIVE\_DITHER\_1'', ``SUBTRACTIVE\_DITHER\_2'', and ``NO\_DITHER''.

3) CFITSIO will uses the values of the following keywords, if they are present
in the header of the image HDU,
to determine how to compress that HDU.  These keywords override any compression parameters
that were specified with the previous 2 methods.

\begin{verbatim}
  FZALGOR  - 'RICE_1' , 'GZIP_1', 'GZIP_2', 'HCOMPRESS_1', 'PLIO_1', 'NONE'
  FZTILE   - 'ROW', 'WHOLE', or '(n,m)'
  FZQVALUE - float value (default = 4.0)
  FZQMETHD - 'SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_1', 'SUBTRACTIVE_DITHER_2', 'NO_DITHER'
  FZDTHRSD - 'CLOCK', 'CHECKSUM', 1 - 10000
  FZINT2F  -  T, or F:  Convert integers to floats, then quantize?
  FZHSCALE - float value (default = 0).  Hcompress scale value.
\end{verbatim}

No special action is required by software when read tile-compressed images because
all the CFITSIO routines that read normal uncompressed FITS images also
transparently read images in the tile-compressed format;  CFITSIO essentially
treats the binary table that contains the compressed tiles as if
it were an IMAGE extension.


The following 2 routines are available for compressing or
or decompressing an image:

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_img_compress(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status);
  int fits_img_decompress (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status);
\end{verbatim}
Before calling the compression routine, the compression parameters must
first be defined in one of the 3 way described in the previous paragraphs.
There is also a routine to determine if the current HDU contains
a tile compressed image (it returns 1 or 0):

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_is_compressed_image(fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
\end{verbatim}
A small example program called 'imcopy' is included with CFITSIO that
can be used to compress (or uncompress) any FITS image.  This
program can be used to experiment with the various compression options
on existing FITS images as shown in these examples:

\begin{verbatim}
1)  imcopy infile.fit 'outfile.fit[compress]'

       This will use the default compression algorithm (Rice) and the
       default tile size (row by row)

2)  imcopy infile.fit 'outfile.fit[compress GZIP]'

       This will use the GZIP compression algorithm and the default
       tile size (row by row).  The allowed compression algorithms are
       Rice, GZIP, and PLIO.  Only the first letter of the algorithm
       name needs to be specified.

3)  imcopy infile.fit 'outfile.fit[compress G 100,100]'

       This will use the GZIP compression algorithm and 100 X 100 pixel
       tiles.

4)  imcopy infile.fit 'outfile.fit[compress R 100,100; qz 10.0]'

       This will use the Rice compression algorithm, 100 X 100 pixel
       tiles, and quantization level = RMSnoise / 10.0 (assuming the
       input image has a floating point data type). By specifying
       qz instead of q, this means use the subtractive dither2
       quantization method.

5)  imcopy infile.fit outfile.fit

       If the input file is in tile-compressed format, then it will be
       uncompressed to the output file.  Otherwise, it simply copies
       the input image to the output image.

6)  imcopy 'infile.fit[1001:1500,2001:2500]'  outfile.fit

       This extracts a 500 X 500 pixel section of the much larger
       input image (which may be in tile-compressed format).  The
       output is a normal uncompressed FITS image.

7)  imcopy 'infile.fit[1001:1500,2001:2500]'  outfile.fit.gz

       Same as above, except the output file is externally compressed
       using the gzip algorithm.

\end{verbatim}

\section{ASCII and Binary Table Routines}

These routines perform read and write operations on columns of data in
FITS ASCII or Binary tables.  Note that in the following discussions,
the first row and column in a table is at position 1 not 0.

Users should also read the following chapter on the CFITSIO iterator
function which provides a more `object oriented' method of reading and
writing table columns.  The iterator function is a little more
complicated to use, but the advantages are that it usually takes less
code to perform the same operation, and the resulting program often
runs faster because the FITS files are read and written using the most
efficient block size.


\subsection{Create New Table}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ]Create a new ASCII or bintable table extension. If
   the FITS file is currently empty then a dummy primary array will be
   created before appending the table extension to it.  The tbltype
   parameter defines the type of table and can have values of
   ASCII\_TBL or BINARY\_TBL.  The naxis2 parameter gives the initial
   number of rows to be created in the table, and should normally be
   set = 0.  CFITSIO will automatically increase the size of the table
   as additional rows are written.  A non-zero number of rows may be
   specified to reserve space for that many rows, even if a fewer
   number of rows will be written.  The tunit and extname parameters
   are optional and a null pointer may be given if they are not
   defined.  The FITS Standard recommends that only letters, digits,
   and the underscore character be used in column names (the ttype
   parameter) with no embedded spaces.  Trailing blank characters are
   not significant.   \label{ffcrtb}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_create_tbl / ffcrtb
      (fitsfile *fptr, int tbltype, LONGLONG naxis2, int tfields, char *ttype[],
       char *tform[], char *tunit[], char *extname, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Copy the structure of an open table to a new table, optionally
    copying zero or more rows from the input table.  This is useful in
    cases where a task will filter rows from the input before transferring
    to the output, so a ``pristine'' output table with zero rows is
    desired to start.  The input file must be open and point to a binary table
    extension.  The output file must be open for writing; a new
    extension is created with the same table structure as the input.
    Optionally, a range of nrows may be copied starting from firstrow,
    similar to fits\_copy\_rows(). The value nrows may be 0.  Note that
    the first row in a table is at row = 1.
   \label{ffcpht}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_copy_hdutab / ffcpht
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, LONGLONG firstrow,
       LONGLONG nrows, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}



\subsection{Column Information Routines}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ]  Get the number of rows or columns in the current FITS table.
     The number of rows is given by the NAXIS2 keyword and the
     number of columns is given by the TFIELDS keyword in the header
    of the table. \label{ffgnrw}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_num_rows / ffgnrw
      (fitsfile *fptr, > long *nrows, int *status);

  int fits_get_num_rowsll / ffgnrwll
      (fitsfile *fptr, > LONGLONG *nrows, int *status);

  int fits_get_num_cols / ffgncl
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *ncols, int *status);
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Get the table column number (and name) of the column whose name
matches an input template name.   If casesen  = CASESEN then the column
name match will be case-sensitive, whereas if casesen = CASEINSEN then
the case will be ignored.  As a general rule, the column names should
be treated as case INsensitive.

The input column name template may be either the exact name of the
column to be searched for, or it may contain wild card characters (*,
?, or \#), or it may contain the integer number of the desired column
(with the first column = 1).  The `*' wild card character matches any
sequence of characters (including zero characters) and the `?'
character matches any single character.  The \# wildcard will match any
consecutive string of decimal digits (0-9).  If more than one column
name in the table matches the template string, then the first match is
returned and the status value will be set to COL\_NOT\_UNIQUE  as a
warning that a unique match was not found.  To find the other cases
that match the template, call the routine again leaving the input
status value equal to COL\_NOT\_UNIQUE and the next matching name will
then be returned.  Repeat this process until a status =
COL\_NOT\_FOUND  is returned.

The FITS Standard recommends that only letters, digits, and the
underscore character be used in column names (with no embedded
spaces).  Trailing blank characters are not significant.
  \label{ffgcno} \label{ffgcnn}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_colnum / ffgcno
      (fitsfile *fptr, int casesen, char *templt, > int *colnum,
       int *status)

  int fits_get_colname / ffgcnn
      (fitsfile *fptr, int casesen, char *templt, > char *colname,
       int *colnum, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Return the data type, vector repeat value, and the width in bytes
    of a column in an ASCII or binary table.  Allowed values for the
    data type in ASCII tables are:  TSTRING, TSHORT, TLONG, TFLOAT, and
    TDOUBLE.  Binary tables also support these types: TLOGICAL, TBIT,
    TBYTE, TLONGLONG, TCOMPLEX and TDBLCOMPLEX.  The negative of the data type code
    value is returned if it is a variable length array column.  Note
    that in the case of a 'J' 32-bit integer binary table column, this
    routine will return data type = TINT32BIT (which in fact is
    equivalent to TLONG).  With most current C compilers, a value in a
    'J' column has the same size as an 'int' variable, and may not be
    equivalent to a 'long' variable, which is 64-bits long on an
    increasing number of compilers.

    The 'repeat' parameter returns the vector repeat count on the binary
    table TFORMn keyword value. (ASCII table columns always have repeat
    = 1).  The 'width' parameter returns the width in bytes of a single
    column element (e.g., a '10D' binary table column will have width =
    8, an ASCII table 'F12.2' column will have width = 12, and a binary
    table'60A' character string  column will have width = 60);  Note that
    CFITSIO supports the local convention for specifying arrays of
    fixed length strings within a binary table character column using
    the syntax TFORM = 'rAw' where 'r' is the total number of characters
    (= the width of the column) and 'w' is the width of a unit string
    within the column.  Thus if the column has TFORM = '60A12' then this
    means that each row of the table contains 5 12-character substrings
    within the 60-character field, and thus in this case this routine will
    return typecode = TSTRING, repeat = 60, and width = 12.  (The TDIMn
    keyword may also be used to specify the unit string length; The pair
    of keywords TFORMn = '60A' and TDIMn = '(12,5)'  would have the
    same effect as TFORMn = '60A12').  The number
    of substrings in any binary table character string field can be
    calculated by (repeat/width).  A null pointer may be given for any of
    the output parameters that are not needed.

   The second routine, fit\_get\_eqcoltype is similar except that in
   the case of scaled integer columns it returns the 'equivalent' data
   type that is needed to store the scaled values, and not necessarily
   the physical data type of the unscaled values as stored in the FITS
   table.  For example if a '1I' column in a binary table has TSCALn =
   1 and TZEROn = 32768, then this column effectively contains unsigned
   short integer values, and thus the returned value of typecode will
   be TUSHORT, not TSHORT.  Similarly, if a column has TTYPEn = '1I'
   and TSCALn = 0.12, then the returned typecode
  will be TFLOAT. \label{ffgtcl}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_coltype / ffgtcl
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, > int *typecode, long *repeat,
       long *width, int *status)

  int fits_get_coltypell / ffgtclll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, > int *typecode, LONGLONG *repeat,
       LONGLONG *width, int *status)

  int fits_get_eqcoltype / ffeqty
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, > int *typecode, long *repeat,
       long *width, int *status)

  int fits_get_eqcoltypell / ffeqtyll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, > int *typecode, LONGLONG *repeat,
       LONGLONG *width, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Return the display width of a column.  This is the length
    of the string that will be returned by the fits\_read\_col routine
    when reading the column as a formatted string.  The display width is
    determined by the TDISPn keyword, if present, otherwise by the data
   type of the column. \label{ffgcdw}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_col_display_width / ffgcdw
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, > int *dispwidth, int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Return the number of and size of the dimensions of a table column in
    a binary table. Normally this information is given by the TDIMn keyword,
    but if this keyword is not present then this routine returns naxis = 1
   and naxes[0] equal to the repeat count in the TFORM keyword. \label{ffgtdm}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_tdim / ffgtdm
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int maxdim, > int *naxis,
       long *naxes, int *status)

  int fits_read_tdimll / ffgtdmll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int maxdim, > int *naxis,
       LONGLONG *naxes, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Decode the input TDIMn keyword string (e.g. '(100,200)') and return the
    number of and size of the dimensions of a binary table column. If the input
    tdimstr character string is null, then this routine returns naxis = 1
    and naxes[0] equal to the repeat count in the TFORM keyword. This routine
   is called by fits\_read\_tdim.  \label{ffdtdm}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_decode_tdim / ffdtdm
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *tdimstr, int colnum, int maxdim, > int *naxis,
       long *naxes, int *status)

  int fits_decode_tdimll / ffdtdmll
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *tdimstr, int colnum, int maxdim, > int *naxis,
       LONGLONG *naxes, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Write a TDIMn keyword whose value has the form '(l,m,n...)'
    where l, m, n... are the dimensions of a multidimensional array
   column in a binary table. \label{ffptdm}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_tdim / ffptdm
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, > int *status)

  int fits_write_tdimll / ffptdmll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, LONGLONG *naxes, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\subsection{Routines to Edit Rows or Columns}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Insert or delete rows in an ASCII or binary table. When inserting rows
    all the rows following row FROW are shifted down by NROWS rows;  if
    FROW = 0 then the blank rows are inserted at the beginning of the
    table.  Note that it is *not* necessary to insert rows in a table before
    writing data to those rows (indeed, it would be inefficient to do so).
    Instead one may simply write data to any row of the table, whether that
    row of data already exists or not.

    The first delete routine deletes NROWS consecutive rows
    starting with row FIRSTROW.  The second delete routine takes an
    input string that lists the rows or row ranges (e.g.,
    '5-10,12,20-30'), whereas the third delete routine takes an input
    integer array that specifies each individual row to be deleted. In
    both latter cases, the input list of rows to delete must be sorted
    in ascending order.  These routines update the NAXIS2 keyword to
    reflect the new number of rows in the
   table. \label{ffirow} \label{ffdrow} \label{ffdrws} \label{ffdrrg}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_insert_rows / ffirow
      (fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows, > int *status)

  int fits_delete_rows / ffdrow
      (fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows, > int *status)

  int fits_delete_rowrange / ffdrrg
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *rangelist, > int *status)

  int fits_delete_rowlist / ffdrws
      (fitsfile *fptr, long *rowlist, long nrows, > int *status)

  int fits_delete_rowlistll / ffdrwsll
      (fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG *rowlist, LONGLONG nrows, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Insert or delete column(s) in an ASCII or binary
    table.  When inserting, COLNUM specifies the column number that the
    (first) new column should occupy in the table.  NCOLS specifies how
    many columns are to be inserted. Any existing columns from this
    position and higher are shifted over to allow room for the new
    column(s).  The index number on all the following keywords will be
    incremented or decremented if necessary to reflect the new position
    of the column(s) in the table:  TBCOLn, TFORMn, TTYPEn, TUNITn,
    TNULLn, TSCALn, TZEROn, TDISPn, TDIMn, TLMINn, TLMAXn, TDMINn,
    TDMAXn, TCTYPn, TCRPXn, TCRVLn, TCDLTn, TCROTn,
   and TCUNIn. \label{fficol} \label{fficls} \label{ffdcol}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_insert_col / fficol
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, char *ttype, char *tform,
       > int *status)

  int fits_insert_cols / fficls
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int ncols, char **ttype,
       char **tform, > int *status)

  int fits_delete_col / ffdcol(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Copy column(s) between HDUs.  If create\_col = TRUE, then
    new column(s) will be inserted in the output table, starting at
    position `outcolumn', otherwise the existing output column(s) will
    be overwritten (in which case they must have a compatible data
    type).

    The first form copies a single column incolnum to outcolnum.
    Copying within the same HDU is permitted.  The second form copies
    ncols columns from the input, starting at column incolnum to the
    output, starting at outcolnum.  For the second form, the input and
    output must be different HDUs.

    If outcolnum is greater than the number of column in the output table, then
    the new column(s) will be appended to the end of the table.
    Note that the first column in a table is at colnum = 1.
    The standard indexed keywords that related to the columns (e.g., TDISPn,
    TUNITn, TCRPXn, TCDLTn, etc.) will also be copied. \label{ffcpcl} \label{ffccls}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_copy_col / ffcpcl
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int incolnum, int outcolnum,
       int create_col, > int *status);

  int fits_copy_cols / ffccls
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int incolnum, int outcolnum, 
       int ncols, int create_col, > int *status);
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Copy 'nrows' consecutive rows from one table to another, beginning
    with row 'firstrow'.  These rows will be appended to any existing
    rows in the output table.
   Note that the first row in a table is at row = 1. 

   The \verb|fits_copy_selrows| form copies only selected rows to the output.
   Which rows are transferred is determined by an array of flags, \verb|row_status[]|,
   which could be returned by \verb|fits_find_rows()| or constructed by the user.
   FITS row N is copied if \verb|row_status[N-first_row]| is non-zero.  
   \label{ffcprw} \label{ffcpsr}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_copy_rows / ffcprw
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, LONGLONG firstrow,
       LONGLONG nrows, > int *status);

  int fits_copy_selrows / ffcpsr
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, LONGLONG firstrow,
       LONGLONG nrows, char *row_status, > int *status);
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Modify the vector length of a binary table column (e.g.,
    change a column from TFORMn = '1E' to '20E').  The vector
   length may be increased or decreased from the current value. \label{ffmvec}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_modify_vector_len / ffmvec
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG newveclen, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Read and Write Column Data Routines}

The following routines write or read data values in the current ASCII
or binary table extension.  If a write operation extends beyond the
current size of the table, then the number of rows in the table will
automatically be increased and the NAXIS2 keyword value will be
updated.  Attempts to read beyond the end of the table will result in
an error.

Automatic data type conversion is performed for numerical data types
(only) if the data type of the column (defined by the TFORMn keyword)
differs from the data type of the array in the calling routine.  ASCII and binary
tables support the following data type values:  TSTRING, TBYTE, TSBYTE, TSHORT,
TUSHORT, TINT, TUINT, TLONG, TLONGLONG, TULONG, TULONGLONG, TFLOAT, or TDOUBLE.
Binary tables also support TLOGICAL (internally mapped to the `char'
data type), TCOMPLEX, and TDBLCOMPLEX.

Note that it is *not* necessary to insert rows in a table before
writing data to those rows (indeed, it would be inefficient to do so).
Instead, one may simply write data to any row of the table, whether that
row of data already exists or not.

Individual bits in a binary table 'X' or 'B' column may be read/written
to/from a *char array by specifying the TBIT datatype.  The *char
array will be interpreted as an array of logical TRUE (1) or FALSE (0)
values that correspond to the value of each bit in the FITS 'X' or 'B' column.
Alternatively, the values in a binary table 'X' column may be read/written
8 bits at a time to/from an array of 8-bit integers by specifying the
TBYTE datatype.

Note that within the context of these routines, the TSTRING data type
corresponds to a C 'char**' data type, i.e., a pointer to an array of
pointers to an array of characters.  This is different from the keyword
reading and writing routines where TSTRING corresponds to a C 'char*'
data type, i.e., a single pointer to an array of characters.  When
reading strings from a table, the char arrays obviously must have been
allocated long enough to hold the whole FITS table string.
See section \ref{character-strings}
(``Dealing with Character Strings'') for more information.

For complex and double complex data types, \verb+nelements+ is the number
of numerical pairs; the number of floats or doubles stored by
\+array+ must be \verb+2*nelements+.

For the logical data (TLOGICAL), the C storage type is a \verb+char+
single-byte character.  A FITS value of `\verb+T+'rue reads as 1 and
`\verb+F+' reads as 0; other non-FITS characters are preserved untranslated.

Numerical data values are automatically scaled by the TSCALn and TZEROn
keyword values (if they exist).

In the case of binary tables with vector elements, the \verb+firstelem+
parameter defines the starting element (beginning with 1, not 0) within
the cell (a cell is defined as the intersection of a row and a column
and may contain a single value or a vector of values).  The \verb+firstelem+
parameter is ignored when dealing with ASCII tables. Similarly, in the
case of binary tables the 'nelements' parameter specifies the total
number of vector values to be read or written (continuing on subsequent
rows if required) and not the number of table cells.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Write elements into an ASCII or binary table column.
\end{description}
   The first routine simply writes the array of values to the FITS file
   (doing data type conversion if necessary) whereas the second routine
   will substitute the  appropriate FITS null value for all elements
   which are equal to the input value of nulval (note that this
   parameter gives the address of nulval, not the null value
   itself).  For integer columns the FITS null value is defined by the
   TNULLn keyword (an error is returned if the keyword doesn't exist).
   For floating point columns  the special IEEE NaN (Not-a-Number)
   value will be written into the FITS file.  If a null pointer is
   entered for nulval, then the null value is ignored and this routine
   behaves the same as the first routine.  The third routine
   simply writes undefined pixel values to the column.  The fourth routine
   fills every column in the table with null values, in the specified
   rows (ignoring any columns that do not have a defined null value).

   The \verb+fits_write_cols()+ variant writes multiple columns in a
   single pass, which may be significantly faster for large data
   files.  The ``chunk'' size is determined automatically based upon
   CFITSIO's buffer sizes.  Only whole rows can be written, of any
   type except TBIT or TSTRING.  For this variant, datatype, colnum,
   array and nulval are arrays of the equivalent single-column
   parameter (i.e. \verb+datatype[i]+ is the data type of column
   \verb+i+). 

   \label{ffpcl} \label{ffpcn} \label{ffpclu} \label{ffpcln}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_col / ffpcl
      (fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow,
       LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelements, DTYPE *array, > int *status)

  int fits_write_colnull / ffpcn
      (fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow,
      LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelements, DTYPE *array, DTYPE *nulval,
      > int *status)

   int fits_write_col_null / ffpclu
       (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
        LONGLONG nelements, > int *status)

   int fits_write_nullrows / ffprwu
       (fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nelements, > int *status)

  int fits_write_cols / ffpcln
      (fitsfile *fptr, int ncols, int *datatype, int *colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, 
       LONGLONG nrows, DTYPE **array, DTYPE **nulval, int *status)

\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Read elements from an ASCII or binary table column.  The data type
    parameter specifies the data type of the `nulval' and `array'  pointers.
    The caller is required to allocate the storage of \verb+array+ before calling.  
    Undefined array elements will be returned with a value = *nullval,
    (note that this parameter gives the address of the null value, not the
    null value itself) unless nulval = 0 or *nulval = 0, in which case
    no checking for undefined pixels will be performed.  The second
    routine is similar except that any undefined pixels will have the
    corresponding nullarray element set equal to TRUE (= 1).

    Reading data as TSTRING values is different than for other data types
    as described above.

    Any column, regardless of it's intrinsic data type, may be read as a
    string.  It should be noted however that reading a numeric column
    as a string is 10 - 100 times slower than reading the same column
    as a number due to the large overhead in constructing the formatted
    strings.  The display format of the returned strings will be
    determined by the TDISPn keyword, if it exists, otherwise by the
    data type of the column.  The length of the returned strings (not
    including the null terminating character) can be determined with
    the fits\_get\_col\_display\_width routine.  The following TDISPn
    display formats are currently supported:

\begin{verbatim}
    Iw.m   Integer
    Ow.m   Octal integer
    Zw.m   Hexadecimal integer
    Fw.d   Fixed floating point
    Ew.d   Exponential floating point
    Dw.d   Exponential floating point
    Gw.d   General; uses Fw.d if significance not lost, else Ew.d
\end{verbatim}
    where w is the width in characters of the displayed values, m is the minimum
    number of digits displayed, and d is the number of digits to the right of the
    decimal.  The .m field is optional.

   The \verb+fits_read_cols()+ variant read multiple columns in a
   single pass, which may be significantly faster for large data
   files.  The ``chunk'' size is determined automatically based upon
   CFITSIO's buffer sizes.  Only whole rows can be read, of any type
   except TBIT or TSTRING.  For this variant, datatype, colnum, array
   and nulval are arrays of the equivalent single-column parameter
   (i.e. \verb+datatype[i]+ is the data type of column \verb+i+).

   \label{ffgcv} \label{ffgcf} \label{ffgcvn}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_col / ffgcv
      (fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
       LONGLONG nelements, DTYPE *nulval, DTYPE *array, int *anynul, int *status)

  int fits_read_colnull / ffgcf
      (fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
      LONGLONG nelements, DTYPE *array, char *nullarray, int *anynul, int *status)

  int fits_read_cols / ffgcvn
      (fitsfile *fptr, int ncols, int *datatype, int *colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, 
       LONGLONG nrows, DTYPE **nulval, DTYPE **array, int **anynul, int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\subsection{Row Selection and Calculator Routines}

These routines all parse and evaluate an input string containing a user
defined arithmetic expression.  The first 3 routines select rows in a
FITS table, based on whether the expression evaluates to true (not
equal to zero) or false (zero).  The other routines evaluate the
expression and calculate a value for each row of the table.  The
allowed expression syntax is described in the row filter section in the
`Extended File Name Syntax' chapter of this document.  The expression
may also be written to a text file, and the name of the file, prepended
with a '@' character may be supplied for the 'expr' parameter (e.g.
'@filename.txt'). The  expression  in  the  file can be arbitrarily
complex and extend over multiple lines of the file.  Lines  that begin
with 2 slash characters ('//') will  be ignored and may be used to add
comments to the file.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Evaluate a boolean expression over the indicated rows, returning an
 array of flags indicating which rows evaluated to TRUE/FALSE.
 Upon return,
 *n\_good\_rows contains the number of rows that evaluate to TRUE. \label{fffrow}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_find_rows / fffrow
      (fitsfile *fptr,  char *expr, long firstrow, long nrows,
      > long *n_good_rows, char *row_status,  int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Find the first row which satisfies the input boolean expression \label{ffffrw}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_find_first_row / ffffrw
      (fitsfile *fptr,  char *expr, > long *rownum, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ]Evaluate an expression on all rows of a table.  If the input and output
files are not the same, copy the TRUE rows to the output file; if the output
table is not empty, then this routine will append the new
selected rows after the existing rows.   If the
files are the same, delete the FALSE rows (preserve the TRUE rows). \label{ffsrow}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_select_rows / ffsrow
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr,  char *expr,  > int *status )
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Calculate an expression for the indicated rows of a table, returning
the results, cast as datatype (TSHORT, TDOUBLE, etc), in array.  If
nulval==NULL, UNDEFs will be zeroed out.  For vector results, the number
of elements returned may be less than nelements if nelements is not an
even multiple of the result dimension.  Call fits\_test\_expr to obtain
the dimensions of the results.  \label{ffcrow}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_calc_rows / ffcrow
      (fitsfile *fptr,  int datatype, char *expr, long firstrow,
       long nelements, void *nulval, > void *array,  int *anynul, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ]Evaluate an expression and write the result either to a column (if
the expression is a function of other columns in the table) or to a
keyword (if the expression evaluates to a constant and is not a
function of other columns in the table).  In the former case, the
parName parameter is the name of the column (which may or may not already
exist) into which to write the results, and parInfo contains an
optional TFORM keyword value if a new column is being created.  If a
TFORM value is not specified then a default format will be used,
depending on the expression.  If the expression evaluates to a constant,
then the result will be written to the keyword name given by the
parName parameter, and the parInfo parameter may be used to supply an
optional comment for the keyword.  If the keyword does not already
exist, then the name of the keyword must be preceded with a '\#' character,
 otherwise the result will be written to a column with that name. \label{ffcalc}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_calculator / ffcalc
      (fitsfile *infptr, char *expr, fitsfile *outfptr, char *parName,
       char *parInfo, >  int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] This calculator routine is similar to the previous routine, except
that the expression is only evaluated over the specified
row ranges.  nranges specifies the number of row ranges, and firstrow
and lastrow give the starting and ending row number of each range. \label{ffcalcrng}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_calculator_rng / ffcalc_rng
      (fitsfile *infptr, char *expr, fitsfile *outfptr, char *parName,
       char *parInfo, int nranges, long *firstrow, long *lastrow
       >  int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ]Evaluate the given expression and return dimension and type information
on the result.  The returned dimensions correspond to a single row entry
of the requested expression, and are equivalent to the result of fits\_read\_tdim().
Note that strings are considered to be one element regardless of string length.
If maxdim == 0, then naxes is optional. \label{fftexp}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_test_expr / fftexp
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *expr, int maxdim > int *datatype, long *nelem, int *naxis,
       long *naxes, int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\subsection{Column Binning or Histogramming Routines}

The following routines may be useful when performing histogramming operations on
column(s) of a table to generate an image in a primary array or image extension.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ]  Calculate the histogramming parameters (min, max, and bin size
for each axis of the histogram, based on a variety of possible input parameters.
If the input names of the columns to be binned are null, then the routine will first
look for the CPREF = "NAME1, NAME2, ..." keyword which lists the preferred
columns.  If not present, then the routine will assume the column names X, Y, Z, and T
for up to 4 axes (as specified by the NAXIS parameter).

MININ and MAXIN are input arrays that give the minimum and maximum value for
the histogram, along each axis.  Alternatively, the name of keywords that give
the min, max, and binsize may be give with the MINNAME, MAXNAME, and BINNAME
array parameters.  If the value = DOUBLENULLVALUE and no keyword names are
given,  then the routine will use the TLMINn and TLMAXn keywords, if present, or the
actual min and/or max values in the column.

The ``d'' version has double precision floating point outputs as noted
in the calling signature.  The version without ``d'' has single
precision floating point outputs.

BINSIZEIN is an array giving the binsize along each axis.
If the value =
DOUBLENULLVALUE, and a keyword name is not specified with BINNAME,
then this routine will first look for the TDBINn keyword, or else will
use a binsize = 1, or a binsize that produces 10 histogram bins, which ever
is smaller.
 \label{calcbinning}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_calc_binning[d]
   Input parameters:
     (fitsfile *fptr,  /* IO - pointer to table to be binned              */
      int naxis,       /* I - number of axes/columns in the binned image  */
      char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE],   /* I - optional column names         */
      double *minin,     /* I - optional lower bound value for each axis  */
      double *maxin,     /* I - optional upper bound value, for each axis */
      double *binsizein, /* I - optional bin size along each axis         */
      char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for min       */
      char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for max       */
      char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], /* I - optional keywords for binsize   */
   Output parameters:
      int *colnum,     /* O - column numbers, to be binned */
      long *naxes,     /* O - number of bins in each histogram axis */
      float[double] *amin,     /* O - lower bound of the histogram axes */
      float[double] *amax,     /* O - upper bound of the histogram axes */
      float[double] *binsize,  /* O - width of histogram bins/pixels on each axis */
      int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Copy the relevant keywords from the header of the table that is being
binned, to the the header of the output histogram image.  This will not
copy the table structure keywords (e.g., NAXIS, TFORMn, TTYPEn, etc.) nor
will it copy the keywords that apply to other columns of the table that are
not used to create the histogram.  This routine will translate the names of
the World Coordinate System (WCS) keywords for the binned columns into the
form that is need for a FITS image (e.g., the TCTYPn table keyword will
be translated to the CTYPEn image keyword).
 \label{copypixlist2image}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_copy_pixlist2image
      (fitsfile *infptr,   /* I - pointer to input HDU */
       fitsfile *outfptr,  /* I - pointer to output HDU */
       int firstkey,       /* I - first HDU keyword to start with */
       int naxis,          /* I - number of axes in the image */
       int *colnum,        /* I - numbers of the columns to be binned  */
       int *status)        /* IO - error status */
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Write a set of default WCS keywords to the histogram header, IF the
WCS keywords do not already exist.  This will create a linear WCS where
the coordinate types are equal to the original column names.
 \label{writekeyshisto}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_keys_histo
     (fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - pointer to table to be binned              */
      fitsfile *histptr,  /* I - pointer to output histogram image HDU      */
      int naxis,          /* I - number of axes in the histogram image      */
      int *colnum,        /* I - column numbers of the binned columns       */
      int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Update the WCS keywords in a histogram image header that give the location
of the reference pixel (CRPIXn), and the pixel size (CDELTn), in the binned
image.

The ``d'' version has double precision floating point inputs as noted
in the calling signature.  The version without ``d'' has single
precision floating point inputs.

 \label{rebinwcs}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_rebin_wcs[d]
     (fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - pointer to table to be binned           */
      int naxis,          /* I - number of axes in the histogram image   */
      float[double] *amin,        /* I - first pixel include in each axis        */
      float[double] *binsize,     /* I - binning factor for each axis            */
      int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Bin the values in the input table columns, and write the histogram
array to the output FITS image (histptr).

The ``d'' version has double precision floating point inputs as noted
in the calling signature.  The version without ``d'' has single
precision floating point inputs.
 \label{makehist}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_make_hist[d]
   (fitsfile *fptr,    /* I - pointer to table with X and Y cols;      */
    fitsfile *histptr, /* I - pointer to output FITS image             */
    int bitpix,        /* I - datatype for image: 16, 32, -32, etc     */
    int naxis,         /* I - number of axes in the histogram image    */
    long *naxes,       /* I - size of axes in the histogram image      */
    int *colnum,       /* I - column numbers (array length = naxis)    */
    float[double] *amin,       /* I - minimum histogram value, for each axis   */
    float[double] *amax,       /* I - maximum histogram value, for each axis   */
    float[double] *binsize,    /* I - bin size along each axis                 */
    float[double] weight,      /* I - binning weighting factor (FLOATNULLVALUE */
                       /*     for no weighting)                        */
    int wtcolnum,      /* I - keyword or col for weight      (or NULL) */
    int recip,         /* I - use reciprocal of the weight? 0 or 1     */
    char *selectrow,   /* I - optional array (length = no. of          */
                       /* rows in the table).  If the element is true  */
                       /* then the corresponding row of the table will */
                       /* be included in the histogram, otherwise the  */
                       /* row will be skipped.  Ingnored if *selectrow */
                       /* is equal to NULL.                            */
    int *status)
\end{verbatim}



\section{Utility Routines}


\subsection{File Checksum Routines}

The following routines either compute or validate the checksums for the
CHDU.  The DATASUM keyword is used to store the numerical value of the
32-bit, 1's complement checksum for the data unit alone.  If there is
no data unit then the value is set to zero. The numerical value is
stored as an ASCII string of digits, enclosed in quotes, because the
value may be too large to represent as a 32-bit signed integer.  The
CHECKSUM keyword is used to store the ASCII encoded COMPLEMENT of the
checksum for the entire HDU.  Storing the complement, rather than the
actual checksum, forces the checksum for the whole HDU to equal zero.
If the file has been modified since the checksums were computed, then
the HDU checksum will usually not equal zero.  These checksum keyword
conventions are based on a paper by Rob Seaman published in the
proceedings of the ADASS IV conference in Baltimore in November 1994
and a later revision in June 1995.  See Appendix B for the definition
of the parameters used in these routines.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Compute and write the DATASUM and CHECKSUM keyword values for the CHDU
    into the current header.  If the keywords already exist, their values
    will be updated only if necessary (i.e., if the file
    has been modified since the original keyword
   values were computed). \label{ffpcks}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_chksum / ffpcks
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Update the CHECKSUM keyword value in the CHDU, assuming that the
    DATASUM keyword exists and already has the correct value.  This routine
    calculates the new checksum for the current header unit, adds it to the
    data unit checksum, encodes the value into an ASCII string, and writes
   the string to the CHECKSUM keyword. \label{ffupck}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_update_chksum / ffupck
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Verify the CHDU by computing the checksums and comparing
    them with the keywords.  The data unit is verified correctly
    if the computed checksum equals the value of the DATASUM
    keyword.  The checksum for the entire HDU (header plus data unit) is
    correct if it equals zero.  The output DATAOK and HDUOK parameters
    in this routine are integers which will have a value = 1
    if the data or HDU is verified correctly, a value = 0
    if the DATASUM or CHECKSUM keyword is not present, or value = -1
   if the computed checksum is not correct. \label{ffvcks}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_verify_chksum / ffvcks
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *dataok, int *hduok, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Compute and return the checksum values for the CHDU
    without creating or modifying the
    CHECKSUM and DATASUM keywords.  This routine is used internally by
   ffvcks, but may be useful in other situations as well. \label{ffgcks}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_chksum/ /ffgcks
      (fitsfile *fptr, > unsigned long *datasum, unsigned long *hdusum,
       int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Encode a checksum value
    into a 16-character string.  If complm is non-zero (true) then the 32-bit
   sum value will be complemented before encoding. \label{ffesum}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_encode_chksum / ffesum
      (unsigned long sum, int complm, > char *ascii);
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Decode a 16-character checksum string into a unsigned long value.
    If is non-zero (true). then the 32-bit sum value will be complemented
    after decoding.  The checksum value is also returned as the
   value of the function. \label{ffdsum}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  unsigned long fits_decode_chksum / ffdsum
           (char *ascii, int complm, > unsigned long *sum);
\end{verbatim}


\subsection{Date and Time Utility Routines}

The following routines help to construct or parse the FITS date/time
strings.   Starting in the year 2000, the FITS DATE keyword values (and
the values of other `DATE-' keywords) must have the form 'YYYY-MM-DD'
(date only) or 'YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.ddd...' (date and time) where the
number of decimal places in the seconds value is optional.  These times
are in UTC.  The older 'dd/mm/yy' date format may not be used for dates
after 01 January 2000.  See Appendix B for the definition of the
parameters used in these routines.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Get the current system date.  C already provides standard
    library routines for getting the current date and time,
    but this routine is provided for compatibility with
    the Fortran FITSIO library.  The returned year has 4 digits
    (1999, 2000, etc.) \label{ffgsdt}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_system_date/ffgsdt
      ( > int *day, int *month, int *year, int *status )
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Get the current system date and time string ('YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss').
The time will be in UTC/GMT if available, as indicated by a returned timeref
value = 0.  If the returned value of timeref = 1 then this indicates that
it was not possible to convert the local time to UTC, and thus the local
time was returned.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_system_time/ffgstm
      (> char *datestr, int  *timeref, int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Construct a date string from the input date values.  If the year
is between 1900 and 1998, inclusive, then the returned date string will
have the old FITS format ('dd/mm/yy'), otherwise the date string will
have the new FITS format ('YYYY-MM-DD').  Use fits\_time2str instead
 to always return a date string using the new FITS format. \label{ffdt2s}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_date2str/ffdt2s
      (int year, int month, int day, > char *datestr, int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Construct a new-format date + time string ('YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.ddd...').
  If the year, month, and day values all = 0 then only the time is encoded
  with format 'hh:mm:ss.ddd...'.  The decimals parameter specifies how many
  decimal places of fractional seconds to include in the string.  If `decimals'
 is negative, then only the date will be return ('YYYY-MM-DD').
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_time2str/fftm2s
      (int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, double second,
      int decimals, > char *datestr, int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Return the date as read from the input string, where the string may be
in either the old ('dd/mm/yy')  or new ('YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss' or
'YYYY-MM-DD') FITS format.  Null pointers may be supplied for any
  unwanted output date parameters.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_str2date/ffs2dt
      (char *datestr, > int *year, int *month, int *day, int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Return the date and time as read from the input string, where the
string may be in either the old  or new FITS format.  The returned hours,
minutes, and seconds values will be set to zero if the input string
does not include the time ('dd/mm/yy' or 'YYYY-MM-DD') .  Similarly,
the returned year, month, and date values will be set to zero if the
date is not included in the input string ('hh:mm:ss.ddd...').  Null
pointers may be supplied for any unwanted output date and time
parameters.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_str2time/ffs2tm
      (char *datestr, > int *year, int *month, int *day, int *hour,
      int *minute, double *second, int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\subsection{General Utility Routines}

The following utility routines may be useful for certain applications.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Return the revision number of the CFITSIO library.
    The revision number will be incremented with each new
   release of CFITSIO. The 3 fields of the version string M.xx.yy
   are converted to a float as: M + .01*xx + .0001*yy. \label{ffvers}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  float fits_get_version / ffvers ( > float *version)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Write an 80-character message to the CFITSIO error stack.  Application
    programs should not normally write to the stack, but there may be
   some situations where this is desirable. \label{ffpmsg}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  void fits_write_errmsg / ffpmsg (char *err_msg)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Convert a character string to uppercase (operates in place). \label{ffupch}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  void fits_uppercase / ffupch (char *string)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Compare the input template string against the reference string
    to see if they match.  The template string may contain wildcard
    characters: '*' will match any sequence of characters (including
    zero characters) and '?' will match any single character in the
    reference string.  The '\#' character will match any consecutive string
    of decimal digits (0 - 9).  If casesen = CASESEN = TRUE then the match will
    be case sensitive, otherwise the case of the letters will be ignored
    if casesen = CASEINSEN = FALSE.  The returned MATCH parameter will be
    TRUE if the 2 strings match, and EXACT will be TRUE if the match is
    exact (i.e., if no wildcard characters were used in the match).
   Both strings must be 68 characters or less in length. \label{ffcmps}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  void fits_compare_str / ffcmps
       (char *templt, char *string, int casesen, > int *match, int *exact)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ]Split a string containing a list of names (typically file names or column
   names) into individual name tokens by a sequence of calls to
   fits\_split\_names.  The names in the list must be delimited by a comma
   and/or spaces.  This routine ignores spaces and commas that occur
   within parentheses, brackets, or curly brackets.  It also strips any
   leading and trailing blanks from the returned name.

   This routine is similar to the ANSI C 'strtok' function:

   The first call to fits\_split\_names has a non-null input string.
   It finds the first name in the string and terminates it by overwriting
   the next character of the string with a null terminator and returns a
   pointer to the name.  Each subsequent call, indicated by a NULL value
   of the input string, returns the next name, searching from just past
   the end of the previous name.  It returns NULL when no further names
  are found.  \label{splitnames}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
   char *fits_split_names(char *namelist)
\end{verbatim}
   The following example shows how a string would be split into 3 names:

\begin{verbatim}
    myfile[1][bin (x,y)=4], file2.fits  file3.fits
    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^^^^^^^
        1st name             2nd name    3rd name
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Test that the keyword name contains only legal characters (A-Z,0-9,
    hyphen, and underscore) or that the keyword record contains only legal
   printable ASCII characters  \label{fftkey} \label{fftrec}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_test_keyword / fftkey (char *keyname, > int *status)

  int fits_test_record / fftrec (char *card, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Test whether the current header contains any NULL (ASCII 0) characters.
    These characters are illegal in the header, but they will go undetected
    by most of the CFITSIO keyword header routines, because the null is
    interpreted as the normal end-of-string terminator.  This routine returns
    the position of the first null character in the header, or zero if there
    are no nulls.  For example a returned value of 110 would indicate that
    the first NULL is located in the 30th character of the second keyword
    in the header (recall that each header record is 80 characters long).
    Note that this is one of the few CFITSIO routines in which the returned
    value is not necessarily equal to the status value).   \label{ffnchk}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_null_check / ffnchk (char *card, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[8 ] Parse a header keyword record and return the name of the keyword,
    and the length of the name.
    The keyword name normally occupies the first 8 characters of the
    record, except under the HIERARCH convention where the name can
   be up to 70 characters in length. \label{ffgknm}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_keyname / ffgknm
      (char *card, > char *keyname, int *keylength, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ] Parse a header keyword record, returning the value (as
    a literal character string) and comment strings.  If the keyword has no
    value (columns 9-10 not equal to '= '), then a null value string is
    returned and the comment string is set equal to column 9 - 80 of the
   input string. \label{ffpsvc}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_parse_value / ffpsvc
      (char *card, > char *value, char *comment, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[10] Construct a properly formated 80-character header keyword record from the
    input keyword name, keyword value, and keyword comment strings.
    Hierarchical keyword names (e.g., "ESO TELE CAM") are supported.
    The value string may contain an integer, floating point, logical, or
    quoted character string (e.g., "12", "15.7", "T",
    or "'NGC 1313'").  \label{ffmkky}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
   int fits_make_key / ffmkky
       (const char *keyname, const char *value, const char *comment,
         > char *card, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[11] Construct an array indexed keyword name (ROOT + nnn).
    This routine appends the sequence number to the root string to create
   a keyword name (e.g., 'NAXIS' + 2 = 'NAXIS2') \label{ffkeyn}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_make_keyn / ffkeyn
      (char *keyroot, int value, > char *keyname, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[12]  Construct a sequence keyword name (n + ROOT).
    This routine concatenates the sequence number to the front of the
   root string to create a keyword name (e.g., 1 + 'CTYP' = '1CTYP') \label{ffnkey}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_make_nkey / ffnkey
      (int value, char *keyroot, > char *keyname, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[13] Determine the data type of a keyword value string. This routine
    parses the keyword value string  to determine its data type.
    Returns 'C', 'L', 'I', 'F' or 'X', for character string, logical,
   integer, floating point, or complex, respectively. \label{ffdtyp}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_keytype / ffdtyp
      (char *value, > char *dtype, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[14] Determine the integer data type of an integer keyword value string.
   The returned datatype value is the minimum integer datatype (starting
   from top of the following list and working down) required
  to store the integer value:
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
    Data Type      Range
     TSBYTE:     -128 to 127
     TBYTE:       128 to 255
     TSHORT:     -32768 to 32767
     TUSHORT:     32768 to 65535
     TINT        -2147483648 to 2147483647
     TUINT        2147483648 to 4294967295
     TLONGLONG   -9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[  ]  The *neg parameter returns 1 if the input value is
    negative and returns 0 if it is non-negative.\label{ffinttyp}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_inttype / ffinttyp
      (char *value, > int *datatype, int *neg, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[15] Return the class of an input header record.  The record is classified
    into one of the following categories (the class values are
    defined in fitsio.h).  Note that this is one of the few CFITSIO
   routines that does not return a status value. \label{ffgkcl}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
       Class  Value             Keywords
  TYP_STRUC_KEY  10  SIMPLE, BITPIX, NAXIS, NAXISn, EXTEND, BLOCKED,
                     GROUPS, PCOUNT, GCOUNT, END
                     XTENSION, TFIELDS, TTYPEn, TBCOLn, TFORMn, THEAP,
                     and the first 4 COMMENT keywords in the primary array
                     that define the FITS format.
  TYP_CMPRS_KEY  20  The keywords used in the compressed image or table
                     format, including ZIMAGE, ZCMPTYPE, ZNAMEn, ZVALn,
                     ZTILEn, ZBITPIX, ZNAXISn, ZSCALE, ZZERO, ZBLANK
  TYP_SCAL_KEY   30  BSCALE, BZERO, TSCALn, TZEROn
  TYP_NULL_KEY   40  BLANK, TNULLn
  TYP_DIM_KEY    50  TDIMn
  TYP_RANG_KEY   60  TLMINn, TLMAXn, TDMINn, TDMAXn, DATAMIN, DATAMAX
  TYP_UNIT_KEY   70  BUNIT, TUNITn
  TYP_DISP_KEY   80  TDISPn
  TYP_HDUID_KEY  90  EXTNAME, EXTVER, EXTLEVEL, HDUNAME, HDUVER, HDULEVEL
  TYP_CKSUM_KEY 100  CHECKSUM, DATASUM
  TYP_WCS_KEY   110  WCS keywords defined in the the WCS papers, including:
                     CTYPEn, CUNITn, CRVALn, CRPIXn, CROTAn, CDELTn
                     CDj_is, PVj_ms, LONPOLEs, LATPOLEs
                     TCTYPn, TCTYns, TCUNIn, TCUNns, TCRVLn, TCRVns, TCRPXn,
                     TCRPks, TCDn_k, TCn_ks, TPVn_m, TPn_ms, TCDLTn, TCROTn
                     jCTYPn, jCTYns, jCUNIn, jCUNns, jCRVLn, jCRVns, iCRPXn,
                     iCRPns, jiCDn,  jiCDns, jPVn_m, jPn_ms, jCDLTn, jCROTn
                     (i,j,m,n are integers, s is any letter)
  TYP_REFSYS_KEY 120 EQUINOXs, EPOCH, MJD-OBSs, RADECSYS, RADESYSs, DATE-OBS
  TYP_COMM_KEY   130 COMMENT, HISTORY, (blank keyword)
  TYP_CONT_KEY   140 CONTINUE
  TYP_USER_KEY   150 all other keywords

  int fits_get_keyclass / ffgkcl (char *card)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[16] Parse the 'TFORM' binary table column format string.
    This routine parses the input TFORM character string and returns the
    integer data type code, the repeat count of the field, and, in the case
    of character string fields, the length of the unit string.  See Appendix
    B for the allowed values for the returned typecode parameter.  A
   null pointer may be given for any output parameters that are not needed. \label{ffbnfm}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
   int fits_binary_tform / ffbnfm
       (char *tform, > int *typecode, long *repeat, long *width,
        int *status)

   int fits_binary_tformll / ffbnfmll
       (char *tform, > int *typecode, LONGLONG *repeat, long *width,
        int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[17] Parse the 'TFORM' keyword value that defines the column format in
    an ASCII table.  This routine parses the input TFORM character
    string and returns the data type code, the width of the column,
    and (if it is a floating point column) the number of decimal places
    to the right of the decimal point.  The returned data type codes are
    the same as for the binary table, with the following
    additional rules:  integer columns that are between 1 and 4 characters
    wide are defined to be short integers (code = TSHORT).  Wider integer
    columns are defined to be regular integers (code = TLONG).  Similarly,
    Fixed decimal point columns (with TFORM = 'Fw.d') are defined to
    be single precision reals (code = TFLOAT) if w is between 1 and 7 characters
    wide, inclusive.  Wider 'F' columns will return a double precision
    data code (= TDOUBLE).  'Ew.d' format columns will have datacode = TFLOAT,
    and 'Dw.d' format columns will have datacode = TDOUBLE. A null
   pointer may be given for any output parameters that are not needed. \label{ffasfm}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_ascii_tform / ffasfm
      (char *tform, > int *typecode, long *width, int *decimals,
       int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[18] Calculate the starting column positions and total ASCII table width
    based on the input array of ASCII table TFORM values.  The SPACE input
    parameter defines how many blank spaces to leave between each column
    (it is recommended to have one space between columns for better human
   readability). \label{ffgabc}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_tbcol / ffgabc
      (int tfields, char **tform, int space, > long *rowlen,
       long *tbcol, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[19] Parse a template header record and return a formatted 80-character string
    suitable for appending to (or deleting from) a FITS header file.
    This routine is useful for parsing lines from an ASCII template file
    and reformatting them into legal FITS header records.  The formatted
    string may then be passed to the fits\_write\_record, ffmcrd, or
    fits\_delete\_key routines
   to append or modify a FITS header record. \label{ffgthd}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_parse_template / ffgthd
      (char *templt, > char *card, int *keytype, int *status)
\end{verbatim}
    The input templt character string generally should contain 3 tokens:
    (1) the KEYNAME, (2) the VALUE, and (3) the COMMENT string.  The
    TEMPLATE string must adhere to the following format:


\begin{description}
\item[- ]     The KEYNAME token must begin in columns 1-8 and be a maximum  of 8
        characters long.  A legal FITS keyword name may only
        contain the characters A-Z, 0-9, and '-' (minus sign) and
        underscore.  This routine will automatically convert any lowercase
        characters to uppercase in the output string.  If the first 8 characters
        of the template line are
        blank then the remainder of the line is considered to be a FITS comment
       (with a blank keyword name).
\end{description}


\begin{description}
\item[- ]     The VALUE token must be separated from the KEYNAME token by one or more
        spaces and/or an '=' character.  The data type of the VALUE token
        (numeric, logical, or character string) is automatically determined
        and  the output CARD string is formatted accordingly.  The value
        token may be forced to be interpreted as a string (e.g. if it is a
        string of numeric digits) by enclosing it in single quotes.
        If the value token is a character string that contains 1 or more
        embedded blank space characters or slash ('/') characters then the
       entire character string must be enclosed in single quotes.
\end{description}


\begin{description}
\item[- ]     The COMMENT token is optional, but if present must be separated from
       the VALUE token by a blank space or a  '/' character.
\end{description}


\begin{description}
\item[- ]     One exception to the above rules is that if the first non-blank
        character in the first 8 characters of the template string is a
        minus sign ('-') followed
        by a single token, or a single token followed by an equal sign,
        then it is interpreted as the name of a keyword which is to be
       deleted from the FITS header.
\end{description}


\begin{description}
\item[- ]     The second exception is that if the template string starts with
        a minus sign and is followed by 2 tokens (without an equals sign between
        them) then the second token
        is interpreted as the new name for the keyword specified by
        first token.  In this case the old keyword name (first token)
        is returned in characters 1-8 of the returned CARD string, and
        the new keyword name (the second token) is returned in characters
        41-48 of the returned CARD string.  These old and new names
        may then be passed to the ffmnam routine which will change
       the keyword name.
\end{description}

    The keytype output parameter indicates how the returned CARD string
    should be interpreted:

\begin{verbatim}
        keytype                  interpretation
        -------          -------------------------------------------------
           -2            Rename the keyword with name = the first 8 characters of CARD
                         to the new name given in characters 41 - 48 of CARD.

           -1            delete the keyword with this name from the FITS header.

            0            append the CARD string to the FITS header if the
                         keyword does not already exist, otherwise update
                         the keyword value and/or comment field if is already exists.

            1            This is a HISTORY or COMMENT keyword; append it to the header

            2            END record; do not explicitly write it to the FITS file.
\end{verbatim}
     EXAMPLES:  The following lines illustrate valid input template strings:

\begin{verbatim}
      INTVAL 7 / This is an integer keyword
      RVAL           34.6   /     This is a floating point keyword
      EVAL=-12.45E-03  / This is a floating point keyword in exponential notation
      lval F / This is a boolean keyword
                  This is a comment keyword with a blank keyword name
      SVAL1 = 'Hello world'   /  this is a string keyword
      SVAL2  '123.5'  this is also a string keyword
      sval3  123+  /  this is also a string keyword with the value '123+    '
      # the following template line deletes the DATE keyword
      - DATE
      # the following template line modifies the NAME keyword to OBJECT
      - NAME OBJECT
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[20]  Translate a keyword name into a new name, based on a set of patterns.
This routine is useful for translating keywords in cases such as
adding or deleting columns in
a table, or copying a column from one table to another, or extracting
an array from a cell in a binary table column into an image extension.  In
these cases, it is necessary to translate the names of the keywords associated
with the original table column(s) into the appropriate keyword name in the final
file.  For example, if column 2 is deleted from a table,
then the value of 'n' in all the
TFORMn and TTYPEn keywords for columns 3 and higher must be decremented
by 1.  Even more complex translations are sometimes needed to convert the
WCS keywords when extracting an image out of a table column cell into
a separate image extension.

The user passes an array of patterns to be matched.  Input pattern
number i is pattern[i][0], and output pattern number i is
pattern[i][1].  Keywords are matched against the input patterns.  If a
match is found then the keyword is re-written according to the output
pattern.

Order is important.  The first match is accepted.  The fastest match
will be made when templates with the same first character are grouped
together.

Several characters have special meanings:

\begin{verbatim}
     i,j - single digits, preserved in output template
     n - column number of one or more digits, preserved in output template
     m - generic number of one or more digits, preserved in output template
     a - coordinate designator, preserved in output template
     # - number of one or more digits
     ? - any character
     * - only allowed in first character position, to match all
         keywords; only useful as last pattern in the list
\end{verbatim}
i, j, n, and m are returned by the routine.

For example, the input pattern "iCTYPn" will match "1CTYP5" (if n\_value
is 5); the output pattern "CTYPEi" will be re-written as "CTYPE1".
Notice that "i" is preserved.

The following output patterns are special:

    "-" - do not copy a keyword that matches the corresponding input pattern

    "--" - if match occurs, outrec will have "-KEYNAME"

    "+" - copy the input unchanged

The inrec string could be just the 8-char keyword name, or the entire
80-char header record.  Characters 9 - 80 in the input string simply get
appended to the translated keyword name.

Upon return, outrec will have the converted string, starting from the
pattern[i][1] pattern and applying the numerical substitutions as 
described above. If the output pattern is "--" then the resulting
outrec will be "-KEYNAME", which may indicate to the calling
routine that KEYNAME is to be deleted.

If n\_range = 0, then only keywords with 'n' equal to n\_value will be
considered as a pattern match.  If n\_range = +1, then all values of
'n' greater than or equal to n\_value will be a match, and if -1,
then values of 'n' less than or equal to n\_value will match.\label{translatekey}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
int fits_translate_keyword(
      char *inrec,        /* I - input string */
      char *outrec,       /* O - output converted string, or */
                          /*     a null string if input does not  */
                          /*     match any of the patterns */
      char *patterns[][2],/* I - pointer to input / output string */
                          /*     templates */
      int npat,           /* I - number of templates passed */
      int n_value,        /* I - base 'n' template value of interest */
      int n_offset,       /* I - offset to be applied to the 'n' */
                          /*     value in the output string */
      int n_range,        /* I - controls range of 'n' template */
                          /*     values of interest (-1,0, or +1) */
      int *pat_num,       /* O - matched pattern number (0 based) or -1 */
      int *i,             /* O - value of i, if any, else 0 */
      int *j,             /* O - value of j, if any, else 0 */
      int *m,             /* O - value of m, if any, else 0 */
      int *n,             /* O - value of n, if any, else 0 */
      int *status)        /* IO - error status */
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[  ]  Here is an example of some of the patterns used to convert the keywords associated
with an image in a cell of a table column into the keywords appropriate for
an IMAGE extension:
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
    char *patterns[][2] = {{"TSCALn",  "BSCALE"  },  /* Standard FITS keywords */
			   {"TZEROn",  "BZERO"   },
			   {"TUNITn",  "BUNIT"   },
			   {"TNULLn",  "BLANK"   },
			   {"TDMINn",  "DATAMIN" },
			   {"TDMAXn",  "DATAMAX" },
			   {"iCTYPn",  "CTYPEi"  },  /* Coordinate labels */
			   {"iCTYna",  "CTYPEia" },
			   {"iCUNIn",  "CUNITi"  },  /* Coordinate units */
			   {"iCUNna",  "CUNITia" },
			   {"iCRVLn",  "CRVALi"  },  /* WCS keywords */
			   {"iCRVna",  "CRVALia" },
			   {"iCDLTn",  "CDELTi"  },
			   {"iCDEna",  "CDELTia" },
			   {"iCRPXn",  "CRPIXi"  },
			   {"iCRPna",  "CRPIXia" },
			   {"ijPCna",  "PCi_ja"  },
			   {"ijCDna",  "CDi_ja"  },
			   {"iVn_ma",  "PVi_ma"  },
			   {"iSn_ma",  "PSi_ma"  },
			   {"iCRDna",  "CRDERia" },
			   {"iCSYna",  "CSYERia" },
			   {"iCROTn",  "CROTAi"  },
			   {"WCAXna",  "WCSAXESa"},
			   {"WCSNna",  "WCSNAMEa"}};
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[21]  Translate the keywords in the input HDU into the keywords that are
appropriate for the output HDU.  This is a driver routine that calls
the previously described routine for all keywords in the HDU.

It is allowed for infptr and outfptr to point to the same HDU.

If any output matched patterns are of the form "-KEYNAME" then
this routine will attempt to delete the keyword KEYNAME.  It is
not an error if KEYNAME is not present in the output HDU.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
int fits_translate_keywords(
	   fitsfile *infptr,   /* I - pointer to input HDU */
	   fitsfile *outfptr,  /* I - pointer to output HDU */
	   int firstkey,       /* I - first HDU record number to start with */
	   char *patterns[][2],/* I - pointer to input / output keyword templates */
	   int npat,           /* I - number of templates passed */
	   int n_value,        /* I - base 'n' template value of interest */
	   int n_offset,       /* I - offset to be applied to the 'n' */
 	                       /*     value in the output string */
	   int n_range,        /* I - controls range of 'n' template */
	                       /*     values of interest (-1,0, or +1) */
	   int *status)        /* IO - error status */
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[22]  Parse the input string containing a list of rows or row ranges, and
     return integer arrays containing the first and last row in each
     range.  For example, if rowlist = "3-5, 6, 8-9" then it will
     return numranges = 3, rangemin = 3, 6, 8 and rangemax = 5, 6, 9.
     At most, 'maxranges' number of ranges will be returned.  'maxrows'
     is the maximum number of rows in the table; any rows or ranges
     larger than this will be ignored.  The rows must be specified in
     increasing order, and the ranges must not overlap. A minus sign
     may be use to specify all the rows to the upper or lower bound, so
     "50-" means all the rows from 50 to the end of the table, and "-"
     means all the rows in the table, from 1 - maxrows.
   \label{ffrwrg}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
    int fits_parse_range / ffrwrg(char *rowlist, LONGLONG maxrows, int maxranges, >
       int *numranges, long *rangemin, long *rangemax, int *status)

    int fits_parse_rangell / ffrwrgll(char *rowlist, LONGLONG maxrows, int maxranges, >
       int *numranges, LONGLONG *rangemin, LONGLONG *rangemax, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[23]  Check that the Header fill bytes (if any) are all blank.  These are the bytes
     that may follow END keyword and before the beginning of data unit,
     or the end of the HDU if there is no data unit.
   \label{ffchfl}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
    int ffchfl(fitsfile *fptr, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[24]  Check that the Data fill bytes (if any) are all zero (for IMAGE or
     BINARY Table HDU) or all blanks (for ASCII table HDU).  These file
     bytes may be located after the last valid data byte in the HDU and
     before the physical end of the HDU.
     \label{ffcdfl}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
    int ffcdfl(fitsfile *fptr, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[25]  Estimate the root-mean-squared (RMS) noise in an image.
These routines are mainly for use with the Hcompress image compression
algorithm.  They return an estimate of the RMS noise in the background
pixels of the image.  This robust algorithm (written by Richard
White, STScI) first attempts to estimate the RMS value
as 1.68 times the median of the absolute differences between successive
pixels in the image.  If the median = 0,  then the
algorithm falls back to computing the RMS of the difference between successive
pixels, after several N-sigma rejection cycles to remove
extreme values.  The input parameters are:  the array of image pixel values
(either float or short values), the number of values in the array,
the value that is used to represent null pixels (enter a very
large number if there are no null pixels). \label{imageRMS}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
    int fits_rms_float (float fdata[], int npix, float in_null_value,
                   > double *rms, int *status)
    int fits_rms_short (short fdata[], int npix, short in_null_value,
                   > double *rms, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[26]  Was CFITSIO compiled with the -D\_REENTRANT directive
so that it may be safely used in multi-threaded environments?
The following function returns 1 if yes, 0 if no.  Note, however,
that even if the -D\_REENTRANT directive was specified, this does
not guarantee that the CFITSIO routines are thread-safe, because
some compilers may not support this feature.\label{reentrant}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
int fits_is_reentrant(void)
\end{verbatim}

\chapter{  The CFITSIO Iterator Function }

The fits\_iterate\_data function in CFITSIO provides a unique method of
executing an arbitrary user-supplied `work' function that operates on
rows of data in  FITS tables or on pixels in FITS images.  Rather than
explicitly reading and writing the FITS images or columns of data, one
instead calls the CFITSIO iterator routine, passing to it the name of
the user's work function that is to be executed along with a list of
all the table columns or image arrays that are to be passed to the work
function.  The CFITSIO iterator function then does all the work of
allocating memory for the arrays, reading the input data from the FITS
file, passing them to the work function, and then writing any output
data back to the FITS file after the work function exits.  Because
it is often more efficient to process only a subset of the total table
rows at one time, the iterator function can determine the optimum
amount of data to pass in each iteration and repeatedly call the work
function until the entire table been processed.

For many applications this single CFITSIO iterator function can
effectively replace all the other CFITSIO routines for reading or
writing data in FITS images or tables.  Using the iterator has several
important advantages over the traditional method of reading and writing
FITS data files:

\begin{itemize}
\item
It cleanly separates the data I/O from the routine that operates on
the data.  This leads to a more modular and `object oriented'
programming style.

\item
It simplifies the application program by eliminating the need to allocate
memory for the data arrays and eliminates most of the calls to the CFITSIO
routines that explicitly read and write the data.

\item
It ensures that the data are processed as efficiently as possible.
This is especially important when processing tabular data since
the iterator function will calculate the most efficient number
of rows in the table to be passed at one time to the user's work
function on each iteration.

\item
Makes it possible for larger projects to develop a library of work
functions that all have a uniform calling sequence and are all
independent of the details of the FITS file format.

\end{itemize}

There are basically 2 steps in using the CFITSIO iterator function.
The first step is to design the work function itself which must have a
prescribed set of input parameters.  One of these parameters is a
structure containing pointers to the arrays of data; the work function
can perform any desired operations on these arrays and does not need to
worry about how the input data were read from the file or how the
output data get written back to the file.

The second step is to design the driver routine that opens all the
necessary FITS files and initializes  the input parameters to the
iterator function.  The driver program calls the CFITSIO iterator
function which then reads the data and passes it to the user's work
function.

The following 2 sections describe these steps in more detail.  There
are also several example programs included with the CFITSIO
distribution which illustrate how to use the iterator function.


\section{The Iterator Work Function}

The user-supplied iterator work function must have the following set of
input parameters (the function can be given any desired name):


\begin{verbatim}
  int user_fn( long totaln, long offset, long firstn, long nvalues,
               int narrays, iteratorCol *data,  void *userPointer )
\end{verbatim}

\begin{itemize}

\item
  totaln -- the total number of table rows or image pixels
            that will be passed to the work function
            during 1 or more iterations.

\item
  offset     -- the offset applied to the first table row or image
                pixel to be passed to the work function.  In other
                words, this is the number of rows or pixels that
                are skipped over before starting the iterations. If
                offset = 0, then all the table rows or image pixels
                will be passed to the work function.

\item
  firstn     -- the number of the first table row or image pixel
                (starting with 1)  that is being passed in this
                particular call to the work function.

\item
  nvalues    -- the number of table rows or image pixels that are
                being passed in this particular call to the work
                function.  nvalues will always be less than or
                equal to totaln and will have the same value on
                each iteration, except possibly on the last
                call which may have a smaller value.

\item
  narrays     -- the number of arrays of data that are being passed
                 to the work function.  There is one array for each
                 image or table column.

\item
  *data   -- array of structures, one for each
             column or image.  Each structure contains a pointer
             to the array of data as well as other descriptive
             parameters about that array.

\item
  *userPointer -- a user supplied pointer that can be used
                 to pass ancillary information from the driver function
                 to the work function.
                 This pointer is passed to the CFITSIO iterator function
                 which then passes it on to the
                 work function without any modification.
                 It may point to a single number, to an array of values,
                 to a structure containing an arbitrary set of parameters
                 of different types,
                 or it may be a null pointer if it is not needed.
                 The work function must cast this pointer to the
                 appropriate data type before using it it.
\end{itemize}

The totaln, offset, narrays, data, and userPointer parameters are
guaranteed to have the same value on each iteration.  Only firstn,
nvalues, and the arrays of data pointed to by the data structures may
change on each iterative call to the work function.

Note that the iterator treats an image as a long 1-D array of pixels
regardless of it's intrinsic dimensionality.  The total number of
pixels is just the product of the size of each dimension, and the order
of the pixels is the same as the order that they are stored in the FITS
file. If the work function needs to know the number and size of the
image dimensions then these parameters can be passed via the
userPointer structure.

The iteratorCol structure is currently defined as follows:

\begin{verbatim}
typedef struct  /* structure for the iterator function column information */
{
   /* structure elements required as input to fits_iterate_data: */

  fitsfile *fptr;       /* pointer to the HDU containing the column or image */
  int      colnum;      /* column number in the table; ignored for images    */
  char     colname[70]; /* name (TTYPEn) of the column; null for images      */
  int      datatype;    /* output data type (converted if necessary) */
  int      iotype;      /* type: InputCol, InputOutputCol, or OutputCol */

  /* output structure elements that may be useful for the work function: */

  void     *array;    /* pointer to the array (and the null value) */
  long     repeat;    /* binary table vector repeat value; set     */
                      /*     equal to 1 for images                 */
  long     tlmin;     /* legal minimum data value, if any          */
  long     tlmax;     /* legal maximum data value, if any          */
  char     unit[70];  /* physical unit string (BUNIT or TUNITn)    */
  char     tdisp[70]; /* suggested display format; null if none    */

} iteratorCol;
\end{verbatim}

Instead of directly reading or writing the elements in this structure,
it is recommended that programmers use the access functions that are
provided for this purpose.

The first five elements in this structure must be initially defined by
the driver routine before calling the iterator routine.  The CFITSIO
iterator routine uses this information to determine what column or
array to pass to the work function, and whether the array is to be
input to the work function, output from the work function, or both.
The CFITSIO iterator function fills in the values of the remaining
structure elements before passing it to the work function.

The array structure element is a pointer to the actual data array and
it must be cast to the correct data type before it is used.  The
`repeat' structure element give the number of data values in each row
of the table, so that the total number of data values in the array is
given by repeat * nvalues.  In the case of image arrays and ASCII
tables, repeat will always be equal to 1.  When the data type is a
character string, the array pointer is actually a pointer to an array
of string pointers (i.e., char **array).  The other output structure
elements are provided for convenience in case that information is
needed within the work function.  Any other information may be passed
from the driver routine to the work function via the userPointer
parameter.

Upon completion, the work routine must return an integer status value,
with 0 indicating success and any other value indicating an error which
will cause the iterator function to immediately exit at that point.  Return status
values in the range 1 -- 1000 should be avoided since these are
reserved for use by CFITSIO.  A return status value of -1 may be used to
force the CFITSIO iterator function to stop at that point and return
control to the driver routine after writing any output arrays to the
FITS file.  CFITSIO does not considered this to be an error condition,
so any further processing by the application program will continue normally.


\section{The Iterator Driver Function}

The iterator driver function must open the necessary FITS files and
position them to the correct HDU.  It must also initialize the following
parameters in the iteratorCol structure (defined above) for each
column or image before calling the CFITSIO iterator function.
Several `constructor' routines are provided in CFITSIO for this
purpose.

\begin{itemize}
\item
  *fptr --  The fitsfile pointer to the table or image.
\item
colnum -- the number of the column in the table.  This value is ignored
          in the case of images.  If colnum equals 0, then the column name
          will be used to identify the column to be passed to the
          work function.

\item
colname -- the name (TTYPEn keyword) of the column.  This is
           only required if colnum = 0 and is ignored for images.
\item
datatype -- The desired data type of the array to be passed to the
            work function.  For numerical data the data type does
            not need to be the same as the actual data type in the
            FITS file, in which case CFITSIO will do the conversion.
            Allowed values are: TSTRING, TLOGICAL, TBYTE, TSBYTE, TSHORT, TUSHORT,
            TINT, TLONG, TULONG, TFLOAT, TDOUBLE.  If the input
            value of data type equals 0, then the  existing
            data type of the column or image will be used without
            any conversion.

\item
iotype -- defines whether the data array is to be input to the
          work function (i.e, read from the FITS file), or output
          from the work function (i.e., written to the FITS file) or
          both.  Allowed values are InputCol, OutputCol, or InputOutputCol.
	  Variable-length array columns are supported as InputCol or
	  InputOutputCol types, but may not be used for an OutputCol type.
\end{itemize}

After the driver routine has initialized all these parameters, it
can then call the CFITSIO iterator function:


\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_iterate_data(int narrays, iteratorCol *data, long offset,
      long nPerLoop, int (*workFn)( ), void *userPointer, int *status);
\end{verbatim}

\begin{itemize}
\item

   narrays    -- the number of columns or images that are to be passed
                 to the work function.
\item
   *data --     pointer to array of structures containing information
                about each column or image.

\item
   offset      -- if positive, this number of rows at the
                      beginning of the table (or pixels in the image)
                      will be skipped and will not be passed to the work
                      function.

\item
   nPerLoop   - specifies the number of table rows (or number of
                    image pixels) that are to be passed to the work
                    function on each iteration.  If nPerLoop = 0
                    then CFITSIO will calculate the optimum number
                    for greatest efficiency.
                    If nPerLoop is negative, then all the rows
                    or pixels will be passed at one time, and the work
                    function will only be called once.  If any variable
		    length arrays are being processed, then the nPerLoop
		    value is ignored, and the iterator will always process
		    one row of the table at a time.

\item
   *workFn     - the name (actually the address) of the work function
                 that is to be called by fits\_iterate\_data.

\item
   *userPointer - this is a user supplied pointer that can be used
                  to pass ancillary information from the driver routine
                  to the work function.  It may point to a single number,
                  an array, or to a structure containing an arbitrary set
                  of parameters.

\item
   *status      - The CFITSIO error status.  Should = 0 on input;
                  a non-zero output value indicates an error.
\end{itemize}

When fits\_iterate\_data is called it first allocates memory to hold
all the requested columns of data or image pixel arrays.  It then reads
the input data from the FITS tables or images into the arrays then
passes the structure with pointers to these data arrays to the work
function.  After the work function returns, the iterator function
writes any output columns of data or images back to the FITS files.  It
then repeats this process for any remaining sets of rows or image
pixels until it has processed the entire table or image or until the
work function returns a non-zero status value.  The iterator then frees
the memory that it initially allocated and returns control to the
driver routine that called it.


\section{Guidelines for Using the Iterator Function}

The totaln, offset, firstn, and nvalues parameters that are passed to
the work function are useful for determining how much of the data has
been processed and how much remains left to do.  On the very first call
to the work function firstn will be equal to offset + 1;  the work
function may need to perform various initialization tasks before
starting to  process the data. Similarly, firstn + nvalues - 1 will be
equal to totaln on the last iteration, at which point the work function
may need to perform some clean up operations before exiting for the
last time.  The work function can also force an early termination of
the iterations by returning a status value = -1.

The narrays and iteratorCol.datatype arguments allow the work function
to double check that the number of input arrays and their data types
have the expected values.  The iteratorCol.fptr and iteratorCol.colnum
structure elements can be used if the work function needs to read or
write the values of other keywords in the FITS file associated with
the array.  This should generally only be done during the
initialization step or during the clean up step after the last set of
data has been processed.  Extra FITS file I/O during the main
processing loop of the work function can seriously degrade the speed of
the program.  Note that the behavior of the \verb|fits_iterate_data()|
is undefined if narrays is zero.

If variable-length array columns are being processed, then the iterator
will operate on one row of the table at a time.  In this case the
the repeat element in the interatorCol structure will be set equal to
the number of elements in the current row that is being processed.

One important feature of the iterator is that the first element in each
array that is passed to the work function gives the value that is used
to represent null or undefined values in the array.  The real data then
begins with the second element of the array (i.e., array[1], not
array[0]).  If the first array element is equal to zero, then this
indicates that all the array elements have defined values and there are
no undefined values.  If array[0] is not equal to zero, then this
indicates that some of the data values are undefined and this value
(array[0]) is used to represent them.  In the case of output arrays
(i.e., those arrays that will be written back to the FITS file by the
iterator function after the work function exits) the work function must
set the first array element to the desired null value if necessary,
otherwise the first element should be set to zero to indicate that
there are no null values in the output array.  CFITSIO defines 2
values, FLOATNULLVALUE and DOUBLENULLVALUE, that can be used as default
null values for float and double data types, respectively.  In the case
of character string data types, a null string is always used to
represent undefined strings.

In some applications it may be necessary to recursively call the iterator
function.  An example of this is given by one of the example programs
that is distributed with CFITSIO: it first calls a work function that
writes out a 2D histogram image.  That work function in turn calls
another work function that reads the  `X' and `Y' columns in a table to
calculate the value of each 2D histogram image pixel. Graphically, the
program structure can be described as:

\begin{verbatim}
 driver --> iterator --> work1_fn --> iterator --> work2_fn
\end{verbatim}

Finally, it should be noted that the table columns or image arrays that
are passed to the work function do not all have to come from the same
FITS file and instead may come from any combination of sources as long
as they have the same length.   The length of the first table column or
image array is used by the iterator if they do not all have the same
length.


\section{Complete List of Iterator Routines}

All of the iterator routines are listed below.  Most of these routines
do not have a corresponding short function name.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ]  Iterator `constructor' functions that set
   the value of elements in the iteratorCol structure
   that define the columns or arrays. These set the fitsfile
    pointer, column name, column number, datatype, and iotype,
    respectively.  The last 2 routines allow all the parameters
    to be set with one function call (one supplies the column
   name, the other the column number). \label{ffiterset}
\end{description}


\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_iter_set_file(iteratorCol *col, fitsfile *fptr);

  int fits_iter_set_colname(iteratorCol *col, char *colname);

  int fits_iter_set_colnum(iteratorCol *col, int colnum);

  int fits_iter_set_datatype(iteratorCol *col, int datatype);

  int fits_iter_set_iotype(iteratorCol *col, int iotype);

  int fits_iter_set_by_name(iteratorCol *col, fitsfile *fptr,
          char *colname, int datatype,  int iotype);

  int fits_iter_set_by_num(iteratorCol *col, fitsfile *fptr,
          int colnum, int datatype,  int iotype);
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ]  Iterator `accessor' functions that return the value of the
     element in the iteratorCol structure
    that describes a particular data column or array \label{ffiterget}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  fitsfile * fits_iter_get_file(iteratorCol *col);

  char * fits_iter_get_colname(iteratorCol *col);

  int fits_iter_get_colnum(iteratorCol *col);

  int fits_iter_get_datatype(iteratorCol *col);

  int fits_iter_get_iotype(iteratorCol *col);

  void * fits_iter_get_array(iteratorCol *col);

  long fits_iter_get_tlmin(iteratorCol *col);

  long fits_iter_get_tlmax(iteratorCol *col);

  long fits_iter_get_repeat(iteratorCol *col);

  char * fits_iter_get_tunit(iteratorCol *col);

  char * fits_iter_get_tdisp(iteratorCol *col);
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ]  The CFITSIO iterator function \label{ffiter}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_iterate_data(int narrays,  iteratorCol *data, long offset,
            long nPerLoop,
            int (*workFn)( long totaln, long offset, long firstn,
                           long nvalues, int narrays, iteratorCol *data,
                           void *userPointer),
            void *userPointer,
            int *status);
\end{verbatim}

\chapter{ World Coordinate System Routines }

The FITS community has adopted a set of keyword conventions that define
the transformations needed to convert between pixel locations in an
image and the corresponding celestial coordinates on the sky, or more
generally, that define world coordinates that are to be associated with
any pixel location in an n-dimensional FITS array. CFITSIO is distributed
with a a few self-contained World Coordinate System (WCS) routines,
however, these routines DO NOT support all the latest WCS conventions,
so it is STRONGLY RECOMMENDED that software developers use a more robust
external WCS library.  Several recommended libraries are:


\begin{verbatim}
  WCSLIB -  supported by Mark Calabretta
  WCSTools - supported by Doug Mink
  AST library - developed by the U.K. Starlink project
\end{verbatim}

More information about the WCS keyword conventions and links to all of
these WCS libraries can be found on the FITS Support Office web site at
http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov under the WCS link.

The functions provided in these external WCS libraries will need
access to the  WCS keywords contained in the FITS file headers.
One convenient way to pass this information to the external library is
to use the fits\_hdr2str routine in CFITSIO (defined below) to copy the
header keywords into one long string, and then pass this string to an
interface routine in the external library that will extract
the necessary WCS information (e.g., the 'wcspih' routine in the WCSLIB
library and the 'astFitsChan' and 'astPutCards' functions in the AST
library).


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Concatenate the header keywords in the CHDU into a single long
    string of characters. Each 80-character fixed-length keyword
    record is appended to the output character string, in order, with
    no intervening separator or terminating characters. The last header
    record is terminated with a NULL character.  This routine allocates
    memory for the returned character array, so the calling program must
    free the memory when finished.

    There are 2 related routines: fits\_hdr2str simply concatenates all
    the existing keywords in the header; fits\_convert\_hdr2str is similar,
    except that if the CHDU is a tile compressed image (stored in a binary
    table) then it will first convert that header back to that of a
    normal FITS image before concatenating the keywords.

    Selected keywords may be excluded from the returned character string.
    If the second parameter (nocomments) is TRUE (nonzero) then any
    COMMENT, HISTORY, or blank keywords in the header will not be copied
    to the output string.

    The 'exclist' parameter may be used to supply a list of keywords
    that are to be excluded from the output character string. Wild card
    characters (*, ?, and \#) may be used in the excluded keyword names.
    If no additional keywords are to be excluded, then set nexc = 0 and
   specify NULL for the the **exclist  parameter.  \label{hdr2str}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_hdr2str
      (fitsfile *fptr, int nocomments, char **exclist, int nexc,
      > char **header, int *nkeys, int *status)

  int fits_convert_hdr2str / ffcnvthdr2str
      (fitsfile *fptr, int nocomments, char **exclist, int nexc,
      > char **header, int *nkeys, int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[2 ]  The following CFITSIO routine is specifically designed for use
in conjunction with the WCSLIB library.  It is not expected that
applications programmers will call this routine directly, but it
is documented here for completeness.  This routine extracts arrays
from a binary table that contain WCS information using the -TAB table
lookup convention.  See the documentation provided with the WCSLIB
 library for more information.  \label{wcstab}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_wcstab
       (fitsfile *fptr, int nwtb, wtbarr *wtb, int *status);
\end{verbatim}

\section{ Self-contained WCS Routines}

The following routines DO NOT support the more recent WCS conventions
that have been approved as part of the FITS standard.  Consequently,
the following routines ARE NOW DEPRECATED.  It is STRONGLY RECOMMENDED
that software developers not use these routines, and instead use an
external WCS library, as described in the previous section.

These routines are included mainly for backward compatibility with
existing software.  They support the following standard map
projections: -SIN, -TAN, -ARC, -NCP, -GLS, -MER, and -AIT (these are the
legal values for the coordtype parameter).  These routines are based
on similar functions in Classic AIPS.  All the angular quantities are
given in units of degrees.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Get the values of the basic set of standard FITS celestial coordinate
    system keywords from the header of a FITS image (i.e., the primary
    array or an IMAGE extension).  These values may then be passed to
    the fits\_pix\_to\_world and fits\_world\_to\_pix routines that
    perform the coordinate transformations.  If any or all of the WCS
    keywords are not present, then default values will be returned. If
    the first coordinate axis is the declination-like coordinate, then
    this routine will swap them so that the longitudinal-like coordinate
    is returned as the first axis.

    The first routine (ffgics) returns
    the primary WCS, whereas the second routine returns the particular
    version of the WCS specified by the 'version' parameter, which much
    be a character ranging from 'A' to 'Z' (or a blank character, which is
    equivalent to calling ffgics).

    If the file uses the newer 'CDj\_i' WCS transformation matrix
    keywords instead of old style 'CDELTn' and 'CROTA2' keywords, then
    this routine will calculate and return the values of the equivalent
    old-style keywords.  Note that the conversion from the new-style
    keywords to the old-style values is sometimes only an
    approximation, so if the approximation is larger than an internally
    defined threshold level, then CFITSIO will still return the
    approximate WCS keyword values, but will also return with status =
    APPROX\_WCS\_KEY, to warn the calling program that approximations
    have been made.  It is then up to the calling program to decide
    whether the approximations are sufficiently accurate for the
    particular application, or whether more precise WCS transformations
   must be performed using new-style WCS keywords directly. \label{ffgics}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_img_coord / ffgics
      (fitsfile *fptr, > double *xrefval, double *yrefval,
       double *xrefpix, double *yrefpix, double *xinc, double *yinc,
       double *rot, char *coordtype, int *status)

  int fits_read_img_coord_version / ffgicsa
      (fitsfile *fptr, char version, > double *xrefval, double *yrefval,
       double *xrefpix, double *yrefpix, double *xinc, double *yinc,
       double *rot, char *coordtype, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Get the values of the standard FITS celestial coordinate system
    keywords from the header of a FITS table where the X and Y (or RA
    and DEC) coordinates are stored in 2 separate columns of the table
    (as in the Event List table format that is often used by high energy
    astrophysics missions).  These values may then be passed to the
    fits\_pix\_to\_world and fits\_world\_to\_pix routines that perform
   the coordinate transformations. \label{ffgtcs}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_tbl_coord / ffgtcs
      (fitsfile *fptr, int xcol, int ycol, > double *xrefval,
       double *yrefval, double *xrefpix, double *yrefpix, double *xinc,
       double *yinc, double *rot, char *coordtype, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ]  Calculate the celestial coordinate corresponding to the input
    X and Y pixel location in the image. \label{ffwldp}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_pix_to_world / ffwldp
      (double xpix, double ypix, double xrefval, double yrefval,
       double xrefpix, double yrefpix, double xinc, double yinc,
       double rot, char *coordtype, > double *xpos, double *ypos,
       int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ]  Calculate the X and Y pixel location corresponding to the input
    celestial coordinate in the image. \label{ffxypx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_world_to_pix / ffxypx
      (double xpos, double ypos, double xrefval, double yrefval,
       double xrefpix, double yrefpix, double xinc, double yinc,
       double rot, char *coordtype, > double *xpix, double *ypix,
       int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\chapter{  Hierarchical Grouping Routines }

These functions allow for the creation and manipulation of FITS HDU
Groups, as defined in "A Hierarchical Grouping Convention for FITS" by
Jennings, Pence, Folk and Schlesinger:

https://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/registry/grouping/grouping.pdf

A group is a
collection of HDUs whose association is defined by a {\it grouping
table}.  HDUs which are part of a group are referred to as {\it member
HDUs} or simply as {\it members}. Grouping table member HDUs may
themselves be grouping tables, thus allowing for the construction of
open-ended hierarchies of HDUs.

Grouping tables contain one row for each member HDU. The grouping table
columns provide identification information that allows applications to
reference or "point to" the member HDUs. Member HDUs are expected, but
not required, to contain a set of GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords in their
headers for each grouping table that they are referenced by. In this
sense, the GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords "link" the member HDU back to its
Grouping table. Note that a member HDU need not reside in the same FITS
file as its grouping table, and that a given HDU may be referenced by
up to 999 grouping tables simultaneously.

Grouping tables are implemented as FITS binary tables with up to six
pre-defined column TTYPEn values: 'MEMBER\_XTENSION', 'MEMBER\_NAME',
'MEMBER\_VERSION', 'MEMBER\_POSITION', 'MEMBER\_URI\_TYPE' and 'MEMBER\_LOCATION'.
The first three columns allow member HDUs to be identified by reference to
their XTENSION, EXTNAME and EXTVER keyword values. The fourth column allows
member HDUs to be identified by HDU position within their FITS file.
The last two columns identify the FITS file in which the member HDU resides,
if different from the grouping table FITS file.

Additional user defined "auxiliary" columns may also be included with any
grouping table. When a grouping table is copied or modified the presence of
auxiliary columns is always taken into account by the grouping support
functions; however, the grouping support functions cannot directly
make use of this data.

If a grouping table column is defined but the corresponding member HDU
information is unavailable then a null value of the appropriate data type
is inserted in the column field. Integer columns (MEMBER\_POSITION,
MEMBER\_VERSION) are defined with a TNULLn value of zero (0). Character field
columns (MEMBER\_XTENSION, MEMBER\_NAME, MEMBER\_URI\_TYPE, MEMBER\_LOCATION)
utilize an ASCII null character to denote a null field value.

The grouping support functions belong to two basic categories: those that
work with grouping table HDUs (ffgt**) and those that work with member HDUs
(ffgm**). Two functions, fits\_copy\_group() and fits\_remove\_group(), have the
option to recursively copy/delete entire groups. Care should be taken when
employing these functions in recursive mode as poorly defined groups could
cause unpredictable results. The problem of a grouping table directly or
indirectly referencing itself (thus creating an infinite loop) is protected
against; in fact, neither function will attempt to copy or delete an HDU
twice.


\section{Grouping Table Routines}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ]Create (append) a grouping table at the end of the current FITS file
   pointed to by fptr. The grpname parameter provides the grouping table
   name (GRPNAME keyword value) and may be set to NULL if no group name
   is to be specified. The grouptype parameter specifies the desired
   structure of the grouping table and may take on the values:
   GT\_ID\_ALL\_URI (all columns created), GT\_ID\_REF (ID by reference columns),
   GT\_ID\_POS (ID by position columns), GT\_ID\_ALL (ID by reference and
   position columns), GT\_ID\_REF\_URI (ID by reference and FITS file URI
  columns), and GT\_ID\_POS\_URI (ID by position and FITS file URI columns). \label{ffgtcr}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_create_group / ffgtcr
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *grpname, int grouptype, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ]Create (insert) a grouping table just after the CHDU of the current FITS
   file pointed to by fptr. All HDUs below the the insertion point will be
   shifted downwards to make room for the new HDU. The grpname parameter
   provides the grouping table name (GRPNAME keyword value) and may be set to
   NULL if no group name is to be specified. The grouptype parameter specifies
   the desired structure of the grouping table and may take on the values:
   GT\_ID\_ALL\_URI (all columns created), GT\_ID\_REF (ID by reference columns),
   GT\_ID\_POS (ID by position columns), GT\_ID\_ALL (ID by reference and
   position columns), GT\_ID\_REF\_URI (ID by reference and FITS file URI
  columns), and GT\_ID\_POS\_URI (ID by position and FITS file URI columns) \label{ffgtis}.
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_insert_group / ffgtis
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *grpname, int grouptype, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ]Change the structure of an existing grouping table pointed to by
   gfptr. The grouptype parameter (see fits\_create\_group() for valid
   parameter values) specifies the new structure of the grouping table. This
   function only adds or removes grouping table columns, it does not add
   or delete group members (i.e., table rows). If the grouping table already
   has the desired structure then no operations are performed and function
   simply returns with a (0) success status code. If the requested structure
   change creates new grouping table columns, then the column values for all
   existing members will be filled with the null values appropriate to the
  column type. \label{ffgtch}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_change_group / ffgtch
      (fitsfile *gfptr, int grouptype, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ]Remove the group defined by the grouping table pointed to by gfptr, and
   optionally all the group member HDUs. The rmopt parameter specifies the
   action to be taken for
   all members of the group defined by the grouping table. Valid values are:
   OPT\_RM\_GPT (delete only the grouping table) and OPT\_RM\_ALL (recursively
   delete all HDUs that belong to the group). Any groups containing the
   grouping table gfptr as a member are updated, and if rmopt == OPT\_RM\_GPT
   all members have their GRPIDn and GRPLCn  keywords updated accordingly.
   If rmopt == OPT\_RM\_ALL, then other groups that contain the deleted members
  of gfptr are updated to reflect the deletion accordingly. \label{ffgtrm}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_remove_group / ffgtrm
      (fitsfile *gfptr, int rmopt, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ]Copy (append) the group defined by the grouping table pointed to by infptr,
   and optionally all group member HDUs, to the FITS file pointed to by
   outfptr. The cpopt parameter specifies the action to be taken for all
   members of the group infptr. Valid values are: OPT\_GCP\_GPT (copy only
   the grouping table) and OPT\_GCP\_ALL (recursively copy ALL the HDUs that
   belong to the group defined by infptr). If the cpopt == OPT\_GCP\_GPT then
   the members of infptr have their GRPIDn and GRPLCn keywords updated to
   reflect the existence of the new grouping table outfptr, since they now
   belong to the new group. If cpopt == OPT\_GCP\_ALL then the new
   grouping table outfptr only contains pointers to the copied member HDUs
   and not the original member HDUs of infptr. Note that, when
   cpopt == OPT\_GCP\_ALL, all members of the group defined by infptr will be
   copied to a single FITS file pointed to by outfptr regardless of their
  file distribution in the original group.  \label{ffgtcp}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_copy_group / ffgtcp
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int cpopt, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Merge the two groups defined by the grouping table HDUs infptr and outfptr
    by combining their members into a single grouping table. All member HDUs
    (rows) are copied from infptr to outfptr. If mgopt == OPT\_MRG\_COPY then
    infptr continues to exist unaltered after the merge. If the mgopt ==
    OPT\_MRG\_MOV then infptr is deleted after the merge. In both cases,
   the GRPIDn and GRPLCn keywords of the member HDUs are updated accordingly. \label{ffgtmg}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_merge_groups / ffgtmg
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int mgopt, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ]"Compact" the group defined by grouping table pointed to by gfptr. The
   compaction is achieved by merging (via fits\_merge\_groups()) all direct
   member HDUs of gfptr that are themselves grouping tables. The cmopt
   parameter defines whether the merged grouping table HDUs remain after
   merging (cmopt == OPT\_CMT\_MBR) or if they are deleted after merging
   (cmopt == OPT\_CMT\_MBR\_DEL). If the grouping table contains no direct
   member HDUs that are themselves grouping tables then this function
   does nothing. Note that this function is not recursive, i.e., only the
  direct member HDUs of gfptr are considered for merging. \label{ffgtcm}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_compact_group / ffgtcm
      (fitsfile *gfptr, int cmopt, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[8 ]Verify the integrity of the grouping table pointed to by gfptr to make
   sure that all group members are accessible and that all links to other
   grouping tables are valid. The firstfailed parameter returns the member
   ID (row number) of the first member HDU to fail verification (if positive
   value) or the first group link to fail (if negative value). If gfptr is
  successfully verified then firstfailed contains a return value of 0. \label{ffgtvf}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_verify_group / ffgtvf
      (fitsfile *gfptr, > long *firstfailed, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ] Open a grouping table that contains the member HDU pointed to by mfptr.
    The grouping table to open is defined by the grpid parameter, which
    contains the keyword index value of the GRPIDn/GRPLCn keyword(s) that
    link the member HDU mfptr to the grouping table. If the grouping table
    resides in a file other than the member HDUs file then an attempt is
    first made to open the file readwrite, and failing that readonly. A
    pointer to the opened grouping table HDU is returned in gfptr.

    Note that it is possible, although unlikely and undesirable, for the
    GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords in a member HDU header to be non-continuous, e.g.,
    GRPID1, GRPID2, GRPID5, GRPID6. In such cases, the grpid index value
    specified in the function call shall identify the (grpid)th GRPID value.
    In the above example, if grpid == 3, then the group specified by GRPID5
   would be opened. \label{ffgtop}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_open_group / ffgtop
      (fitsfile *mfptr, int grpid, > fitsfile **gfptr, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[10]  Add a member HDU to an existing grouping table pointed to by gfptr.
   The member HDU may either be pointed to mfptr (which must be positioned
   to the member HDU) or, if mfptr == NULL, identified by the hdupos parameter
   (the HDU position number, Primary array == 1) if both the grouping table
   and the member HDU reside in the same FITS file. The new member HDU shall
   have the appropriate GRPIDn and GRPLCn keywords created in its header.
   Note that if the member HDU is already a member of the group then it will
  not be added a second time. \label{ffgtam}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_add_group_member / ffgtam
      (fitsfile *gfptr, fitsfile *mfptr, int hdupos, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\section{Group Member Routines}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Return the number of member HDUs in a grouping table gfptr. The number
    of member HDUs is just the NAXIS2 value (number of rows) of the grouping
   table. \label{ffgtnm}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_num_members / ffgtnm
      (fitsfile *gfptr, > long *nmembers, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ]  Return the number of groups to which the HDU pointed to by mfptr is
     linked, as defined by the number of GRPIDn/GRPLCn keyword records that
     appear in its header. Note that each time this function is called, the
     indices of the GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords are checked to make sure they
     are continuous (ie no gaps) and are re-enumerated to eliminate gaps if
    found.  \label{ffgmng}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_num_groups / ffgmng
      (fitsfile *mfptr, > long *nmembers, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Open a member of the grouping table pointed to by gfptr. The member to
    open is identified by its row number within the grouping table as given
    by the parameter 'member' (first member == 1) . A fitsfile pointer to
    the opened member HDU is returned as mfptr. Note that if the member HDU
    resides in a FITS file different from the grouping table HDU then the
   member file is first opened readwrite and, failing this, opened readonly. \label{ffgmop}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_open_member / ffgmop
      (fitsfile *gfptr, long member, > fitsfile **mfptr, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ]Copy (append) a member HDU of the grouping table pointed to by gfptr.
   The member HDU is identified by its row number within the grouping table
   as given by the parameter 'member' (first member == 1). The copy of the
   group member HDU will be appended to the FITS file pointed to by mfptr,
   and upon return mfptr shall point to the copied member HDU. The cpopt
   parameter may take on the following values: OPT\_MCP\_ADD which adds a new
   entry in gfptr for the copied member HDU, OPT\_MCP\_NADD which does not add
   an entry in gfptr for the copied member, and OPT\_MCP\_REPL which replaces
  the original member entry with the copied member entry. \label{ffgmcp}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_copy_member / ffgmcp
      (fitsfile *gfptr, fitsfile *mfptr, long member, int cpopt, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ]Transfer a group member HDU from the grouping table pointed to by
   infptr to the grouping table pointed to by outfptr. The member HDU to
   transfer is identified by its row number within infptr as specified by
   the parameter 'member' (first member == 1). If tfopt == OPT\_MCP\_ADD then
   the member HDU is made
   a member of outfptr and remains a member of infptr. If tfopt == OPT\_MCP\_MOV
  then the member HDU is deleted from infptr after the transfer to outfptr. \label{ffgmtf}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_transfer_member / ffgmtf
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, long member, int tfopt,
       > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ]Remove a member HDU from the grouping table pointed to by gfptr. The
   member HDU to be deleted is identified by its row number in the grouping
   table as specified by the parameter 'member' (first member == 1). The rmopt
   parameter may take on the following values: OPT\_RM\_ENTRY which
   removes the member HDU entry from the grouping table and updates the
   member's GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords, and OPT\_RM\_MBR which removes the member
  HDU entry from the grouping table and deletes the member HDU itself. \label{ffgmrm}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_remove_member / ffgmrm
      (fitsfile *gfptr, long member, int rmopt, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\chapter{ Specialized CFITSIO Interface Routines }

The basic interface routines described previously are recommended
for most uses, but the routines described in this chapter
are also available if necessary.  Some of these routines perform more
specialized function that cannot easily be done with the basic
interface routines while others duplicate the functionality of the
basic routines but have a slightly different calling sequence.
See Appendix B for the definition of each function parameter.


\section{FITS File Access Routines}

\subsection{File Access}

\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Open an existing FITS file residing in core computer memory.  This
routine is analogous to fits\_open\_file.   The 'filename'  is
currently ignored by this routine and may be any arbitrary string. In
general, the application must have preallocated an initial block of
memory to hold the FITS file prior to calling this routine:  'memptr'
points to the starting address and 'memsize' gives the initial size of
the block of memory.  'mem\_realloc' is a pointer to an optional
function that CFITSIO can call to allocate additional memory, if needed
(only if mode = READWRITE), and is modeled after the standard C
'realloc' function;  a null pointer may be given if the initial
allocation of memory is all that will be required (e.g., if the file is
opened with mode = READONLY).  The 'deltasize' parameter may be used to
suggest a minimum amount of additional memory that should be allocated
during each call to the memory reallocation function.  By default,
CFITSIO will reallocate enough additional space to hold the entire
currently defined FITS file (as given by the NAXISn keywords) or 1 FITS
block (= 2880 bytes), which ever is larger.  Values of deltasize less
than 2880 will be ignored.  Since the memory reallocation operation can
be computationally expensive, allocating a larger initial block of
memory, and/or specifying a larger deltasize value may help to reduce
the number of reallocation calls and make the application program run
faster.  Note that values of the memptr and memsize pointers will be updated
by CFITSIO if the location or size of the FITS file in memory
should change as a result of allocating more memory. \label{ffomem}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_open_memfile / ffomem
      (fitsfile **fptr, const char *filename, int mode, void **memptr,
       size_t *memsize, size_t deltasize,
       void *(*mem_realloc)(void *p, size_t newsize), int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Create a new FITS file residing in core computer memory.  This
routine is analogous to fits\_create\_file.    In general, the
application must have preallocated an initial block of memory to hold
the FITS file prior to calling this routine:  'memptr' points to the
starting address and 'memsize' gives the initial size of the block of
memory.  'mem\_realloc' is a pointer to an optional function that
CFITSIO can call to allocate additional memory, if needed, and is
modeled after the standard C 'realloc' function;  a null pointer may be
given if the initial allocation of memory is all that will be
required.  The 'deltasize' parameter may be used to suggest a minimum
amount of additional memory that should be allocated during each call
to the memory reallocation function.  By default, CFITSIO will
reallocate enough additional space to hold 1 FITS block (= 2880 bytes)
and  values of deltasize less than 2880 will be ignored.  Since the
memory reallocation operation can be computationally expensive,
allocating a larger initial block of memory, and/or specifying a larger
deltasize value may help to reduce the number of reallocation calls
and make the application program run
faster. Note that values of the memptr and memsize pointers will be updated
by CFITSIO if the location or size of the FITS file in memory
should change as a result of allocating more memory. \label{ffimem}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_create_memfile / ffimem
      (fitsfile **fptr, void **memptr,
       size_t *memsize, size_t deltasize,
       void *(*mem_realloc)(void *p, size_t newsize), int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Reopen a FITS file that was previously opened with
    fits\_open\_file or fits\_create\_file.  The new fitsfile
    pointer may then be treated as a separate file, and one may
    simultaneously read or write to 2 (or more)  different extensions in
    the same file.   The fits\_open\_file routine (above) automatically
    detects cases where a previously opened file is being opened again,
    and then internally call fits\_reopen\_file, so programs should rarely
    need to explicitly call this routine.
\label{ffreopen}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_reopen_file / ffreopen
      (fitsfile *openfptr, fitsfile **newfptr, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[4 ]  Create a new FITS file, using a template file to define its
  initial size and structure.  The template may be another FITS HDU
  or an ASCII template file.  If the input template file name pointer
  is null, then this routine behaves the same as fits\_create\_file.
  The currently supported format of the ASCII template file is described
  under the fits\_parse\_template routine (in the general Utilities
  section)
\label{fftplt}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_create_template / fftplt
      (fitsfile **fptr, char *filename, char *tpltfile > int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Parse the input filename or URL into its component parts, namely:
\begin{itemize}
\item
the file type (file://, ftp://, http://, etc),
\item
the base input file name,
\item
the name of the output file that the input file is to be copied to prior
to opening,
\item
the HDU or extension specification,
\item
the filtering specifier,
\item
the binning specifier,
\item
the column specifier,
\item
and the
image pixel filtering specifier.
\end{itemize}
A null pointer (0) may be be specified for any of the output string arguments
that are not needed.  Null strings will be returned for any components that are not
present in the input file name.  The calling routine must allocate sufficient
memory to hold the returned character strings.  Allocating the string lengths
equal to FLEN\_FILENAME is guaranteed to be safe.
These routines are mainly for internal use
by other CFITSIO routines. \label{ffiurl}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_parse_input_url / ffiurl
      (char *filename, > char *filetype, char *infile, char *outfile, char
       *extspec, char *filter, char *binspec, char *colspec, int *status)

  int fits_parse_input_filename / ffifile
      (char *filename, > char *filetype, char *infile, char *outfile, char
       *extspec, char *filter, char *binspec, char *colspec, char *pixspec,
       int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Parse the input filename and return the HDU number that would be
moved to if the file were opened with fits\_open\_file.  The returned
HDU number begins with 1 for the primary array, so for example, if the
input filename = `myfile.fits[2]' then hdunum = 3 will be returned.
CFITSIO does not open the file to check if the extension actually
exists if an extension number is specified. If an extension name is
included in the file name specification (e.g.  `myfile.fits[EVENTS]'
then this routine will have to open the FITS file and look for the
position of the named extension, then close file again.  This is not
possible if the file is being read from the stdin stream, and an error
will be returned in this case.  If the filename does not specify an
explicit extension (e.g. 'myfile.fits') then hdunum = -99 will be
returned, which is functionally equivalent to hdunum = 1. This routine
is mainly used for backward compatibility in the ftools software
package and is not recommended for general use.  It is generally better
and more efficient to first open the FITS file with fits\_open\_file,
then use fits\_get\_hdu\_num to determine which HDU in the file has
been opened, rather than calling fits\_parse\_input\_url followed by a
call to fits\_open\_file.
 \label{ffextn}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
   int fits_parse_extnum / ffextn
       (char *filename, > int *hdunum, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ]Parse the input file name and return the root file name.  The root
name includes the file type if specified, (e.g.  'ftp://' or 'http://')
and the full path name, to the extent that it is specified in the input
filename.  It does not include the HDU name or number, or any filtering
specifications. The calling routine must allocate sufficient
memory to hold the returned rootname character string.  Allocating the length
equal to FLEN\_FILENAME is guaranteed to be safe.
 \label{ffrtnm}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
   int fits_parse_rootname / ffrtnm
       (char *filename, > char *rootname, int *status);
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[8 ]Test if the input file or a compressed version of the file (with
a .gz, .Z, .z, or .zip extension) exists on disk.  The returned value of
the 'exists' parameter will have 1 of the 4 following values:

\begin{verbatim}
   2:  the file does not exist, but a compressed version does exist
   1:  the disk file does exist
   0:  neither the file nor a compressed version of the file exist
  -1:  the input file name is not a disk file (could be a ftp, http,
       smem, or mem file, or a file piped in on the STDIN stream)
\end{verbatim}

 \label{ffexist}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
   int fits_file_exists / ffexist
       (char *filename, > int *exists, int *status);
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ]Flush any internal buffers of data to the output FITS file. These
   routines rarely need to be called, but can be useful in cases where
   other processes need to access the same FITS file in real time,
   either on disk or in memory.  These routines also help to ensure
   that if the application program subsequently aborts then the FITS
   file will have been closed properly.  The first routine,
   fits\_flush\_file is more rigorous and completely closes, then
   reopens, the current HDU, before flushing the internal buffers, thus
   ensuring that the output FITS file is identical to what would be
   produced if the FITS was closed at that point (i.e., with a call to
   fits\_close\_file).  The second routine, fits\_flush\_buffer simply
   flushes the internal CFITSIO buffers of data to the output FITS
   file, without updating and closing the current HDU.  This is much
   faster, but there may be circumstances where the flushed file does
   not completely reflect the final state of the file as it will exist
   when the file is actually closed.

   A typical use of these routines would be to flush the state of a
   FITS table to disk after each row of the table is written.  It is
   recommend that fits\_flush\_file be called after the first row is
   written, then fits\_flush\_buffer may be called after each
   subsequent row is written.  Note that this latter routine will not
   automatically update the NAXIS2 keyword which records the number of
   rows of data in the table, so this keyword must be explicitly
   updated by the application program after each row is written.
  \label{ffflus}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_flush_file / ffflus
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *status)

  int fits_flush_buffer / ffflsh
      (fitsfile *fptr, 0, > int *status)

      (Note:  The second argument must be 0).
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[10 ] Wrapper functions for global initialization and cleanup of the libcurl library used
   when accessing files with the HTTPS or FTPS protocols.  If an HTTPS/FTPS file transfer is to
   be performed, it is recommended that you call the init function once near the start of your 
   program before any file\_open calls, and before creating any threads. The cleanup function
   should be called after all HTTPS/FTPS file accessing is completed, and after all threads are 
   completed.  The functions return 0 upon successful initialization and cleanup.  These
   are NOT THREAD-SAFE.    
  \label{ffihtps}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_init_https / ffihtps
      ()
      
  int fits_cleanup_https / ffchtps
      ()
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Download Utility Functions}

These routines do not need to be called for normal file accessing. They are
primarily intended to help with debugging and diagnosing issues which occur 
during file downloads.  These routines are NOT THREAD-SAFE.

\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Toggle the verbosity of the libcurl library diagnostic output when
   accessing files with the HTTPS or FTPS protocol.  `flag' = 1 turns the output
   on, 0 turns it off (the default).
  \label{ffvhtps}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
   void fits_verbose_https / ffvhtps
        (int flag)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2] If `flag' is set to 1, this will display (to stderr) a progress 
  bar during an https file download.  (This is not yet implemented
  for other file transfer protocols.)  `flag' = 0 by default.
 \label{ffshdwn}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
   void fits_show_download_progress / ffshdwn
        (int flag)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3] The timeout setting (in seconds) determines the maximum time
  allowed for a net download to complete.  If a download has not finished within
  the allowed time, the file transfer will terminate and the CFITSIO calling
  function will return with an error.  Use fits\_get\_timeout will see the 
  current timeout setting and fits\_set\_timeout to change the setting.  This
  adjustmant may be particularly useful when having trouble downloading large 
  files over slow connections.
 \label{ffgtmo}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
   int fits_get_timeout / ffgtmo
       ()
       
   int fits_set_timeout / ffstmo
       (int seconds, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\section{HDU Access Routines}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Get the byte offsets in the FITS file to the start of the header
    and the start and end of the data in the CHDU. The difference
    between headstart and dataend equals the size of the CHDU.  If the
    CHDU is the last HDU in the file, then dataend is also equal to the
    size of the entire FITS file.  Null pointers may be input for any
   of the address parameters if their values are not needed. \label{ffghad}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_hduaddr / ffghad  (only supports files up to 2.1 GB in size)
       (fitsfile *fptr, > long *headstart, long *datastart, long *dataend,
        int *status)

  int fits_get_hduaddrll / ffghadll  (supports large files)
       (fitsfile *fptr, > LONGLONG *headstart, LONGLONG *datastart,
        LONGLONG *dataend, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Create (append) a new empty HDU at the end of the FITS file.
    This is now  the CHDU but it is completely empty and has
    no header keywords.  It is recommended that fits\_create\_img or
 fits\_create\_tbl be used instead of this routine. \label{ffcrhd}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_create_hdu / ffcrhd
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Insert a new IMAGE extension immediately following the CHDU, or
    insert a new Primary Array at the beginning of the file.  Any
    following extensions in the file will be shifted down to make room
    for the new extension.  If the CHDU is the last HDU in the file
    then the new image extension will simply be appended to the end of
    the file.   One can force a new primary array to be inserted at the
    beginning of the FITS file by setting status = PREPEND\_PRIMARY prior
    to calling the routine.  In this case the old primary array will be
    converted to an IMAGE extension. The new extension (or primary
    array) will become the CHDU.  Refer to Chapter 9 for a list of
   pre-defined bitpix values.  \label{ffiimg}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_insert_img / ffiimg
      (fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, long *naxes, > int *status)

  int fits_insert_imgll / ffiimgll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, LONGLONG *naxes, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Insert a new ASCII or binary table extension immediately following the CHDU.
    Any following extensions will be shifted down to make room for the
    new extension.  If there are no other following extensions then the
    new table extension will simply be appended to the end of the
    file.   If the FITS file is currently empty then this routine will
    create a dummy primary array before appending the table to it. The
    new extension will become the CHDU.  The tunit and extname
    parameters are optional and a null pointer may be given if they are
    not defined.  When inserting an ASCII table with
    fits\_insert\_atbl, a null pointer  may given for the *tbcol
    parameter in which case each column of the table will be separated
    by a single space character. Similarly, if the input value of
    rowlen is  0, then CFITSIO will calculate the default rowlength
    based on the tbcol and ttype values.  Under normal circumstances,
    the nrows
    paramenter should have a value of 0; CFITSIO will automatically update
    the number of rows as data is written to the table.  When inserting a binary table
    with fits\_insert\_btbl, if there are following extensions in the
    file and if the table contains variable length array columns then
    pcount must specify the expected final size of the data heap,
   otherwise pcount must = 0. \label{ffitab} \label{ffibin}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_insert_atbl / ffitab
      (fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG rowlen, LONGLONG nrows, int tfields, char *ttype[],
       long *tbcol, char *tform[], char *tunit[], char *extname, > int *status)

  int fits_insert_btbl / ffibin
      (fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG nrows, int tfields, char **ttype,
      char **tform, char **tunit, char *extname, long pcount, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Modify the size, dimensions, and/or data type of the current
    primary array or image extension. If the new image, as specified
    by the input arguments, is larger than the current existing image
    in the FITS file then zero fill data will be inserted at the end
    of the current image and any following extensions will be moved
    further back in the file.  Similarly, if the new image is
    smaller than the current image then any following extensions
    will be shifted up towards the beginning of the FITS file
    and the image data will be truncated to the new size.
    This routine rewrites the BITPIX, NAXIS, and NAXISn keywords
   with the appropriate values for the new image. \label{ffrsim}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_resize_img / ffrsim
      (fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, long *naxes, > int *status)

  int fits_resize_imgll / ffrsimll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, LONGLONG *naxes, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Copy the data (and not the header) from the CHDU associated with infptr
    to the CHDU associated with outfptr. This will overwrite any data
    previously in the output CHDU.  This low level routine is used by
    fits\_copy\_hdu, but it may also be useful in certain application programs
    that want to copy the data from one FITS file to another but also
    want to modify the header keywords. The required FITS header keywords
    which define the structure of the HDU must be written to the
   output CHDU before calling this routine. \label{ffcpdt}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_copy_data / ffcpdt
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Read or write a specified number of bytes starting at the specified byte
    offset from the start of the extension data unit.  These low
    level routine are intended mainly for accessing the data in
    non-standard, conforming extensions, and should not be used for standard
   IMAGE, TABLE, or BINTABLE extensions. \label{ffgextn}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_ext / ffgextn
      (fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG offset, LONGLONG nbytes, void *buffer)
  int fits_write_ext / ffpextn
      (fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG offset, LONGLONG nbytes, void *buffer)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[8 ] This routine forces CFITSIO to rescan the current header keywords that
    define the structure of the HDU (such as the NAXIS and BITPIX
    keywords) so that it reinitializes the internal buffers that
    describe the HDU structure.  This routine is useful for
    reinitializing the structure of an HDU if any of the required
    keywords (e.g., NAXISn) have been modified.  In practice it should
    rarely be necessary to call this routine because CFITSIO
   internally calls it in most situations. \label{ffrdef}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_set_hdustruc / ffrdef
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *status)   (DEPRECATED)
\end{verbatim}

\section{Specialized Header Keyword Routines}


\subsection{Header Information Routines}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Reserve space in the CHU for MOREKEYS more header keywords.
    This routine may be called to allocate space for additional keywords
    at the time the header is created (prior to writing any data).
    CFITSIO can dynamically add more space to the header when needed,
    however it is more efficient to preallocate the required space
   if the size is known in advance. \label{ffhdef}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_set_hdrsize / ffhdef
      (fitsfile *fptr, int morekeys, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Return the number of keywords in the header (not counting the END
    keyword) and the current position
    in the header.  The position is the number of the keyword record that
    will be read next (or one greater than the position of the last keyword
    that was read). A value of 1 is returned if the pointer is
   positioned at the beginning of the header. \label{ffghps}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_hdrpos / ffghps
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *keysexist, int *keynum, int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\subsection{Read and Write the Required Keywords}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Write the required extension header keywords into the CHU.
  These routines are not required, and instead the appropriate
  header may be constructed by writing each individual keyword in the
  proper sequence.

  The simpler fits\_write\_imghdr routine is equivalent to calling
  fits\_write\_grphdr with the default values of simple = TRUE, pcount
  = 0, gcount = 1, and extend = TRUE.  The PCOUNT, GCOUNT and EXTEND
  keywords are not required in the primary header and are only written
  if pcount is not equal to zero, gcount is not equal to zero or one,
  and if extend is TRUE, respectively.  When writing to an IMAGE
  extension, the SIMPLE and EXTEND parameters are ignored.  It is
  recommended that fits\_create\_image or fits\_create\_tbl be used
  instead of these routines to write the
  required header keywords. The general fits\_write\_exthdr routine
  may be used to write the header of any conforming FITS
 extension.  \label{ffphpr} \label{ffphps}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_imghdr / ffphps
      (fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, long *naxes, > int *status)

  int fits_write_imghdrll / ffphpsll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int bitpix, int naxis, LONGLONG *naxes, > int *status)

  int fits_write_grphdr / ffphpr
      (fitsfile *fptr, int simple, int bitpix, int naxis, long *naxes,
       LONGLONG pcount, LONGLONG gcount, int extend, > int *status)

  int fits_write_grphdrll / ffphprll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int simple, int bitpix, int naxis, LONGLONG *naxes,
       LONGLONG pcount, LONGLONG gcount, int extend, > int *status)

  int fits_write_exthdr /ffphext
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *xtension, int bitpix, int naxis, long *naxes,
       LONGLONG pcount, LONGLONG gcount, > int *status)

\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Write the ASCII table header keywords into the CHU.  The optional
    TUNITn and EXTNAME keywords are written only if the input pointers
    are not null.  A null pointer may given for the
    *tbcol parameter in which case a single space will be inserted
    between each column of the table.  Similarly, if rowlen is
    given = 0, then CFITSIO will calculate the default rowlength based on
   the tbcol and ttype values. \label{ffphtb}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_atblhdr / ffphtb
      (fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG rowlen, LONGLONG nrows, int tfields, char **ttype,
       long *tbcol, char **tform, char **tunit, char *extname, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Write the binary table header keywords into the CHU.   The optional
   TUNITn and EXTNAME keywords are written only if the input pointers
   are not null.  The pcount parameter, which specifies the
   size of the variable length array heap, should initially = 0;
   CFITSIO will automatically update the PCOUNT keyword value if any
   variable length array data is written to the heap.  The TFORM keyword
   value for variable length vector columns should have the form 'Pt(len)'
   or '1Pt(len)' where `t' is the data type code letter (A,I,J,E,D, etc.)
   and  `len' is an integer specifying the maximum length of the vectors
   in that column (len must be greater than or equal to the longest
   vector in the column).  If `len' is not specified when the table is
   created (e.g., the input TFORMn value is just '1Pt') then CFITSIO will
   scan the column when the table is first closed and will append the
   maximum length to the TFORM keyword value.  Note that if the table
   is subsequently modified to increase the maximum length of the vectors
   then the modifying program is responsible for also updating the TFORM
  keyword value.  \label{ffphbn}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_btblhdr / ffphbn
      (fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG nrows, int tfields, char **ttype,
       char **tform, char **tunit, char *extname, LONGLONG pcount, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Read the required keywords from the CHDU (image or table).  When
    reading from an IMAGE extension the SIMPLE and EXTEND parameters are
    ignored.  A null pointer may be supplied for any of the returned
   parameters that are not needed. \label{ffghpr} \label{ffghtb} \label{ffghbn}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_imghdr / ffghpr
      (fitsfile *fptr, int maxdim, > int *simple, int *bitpix, int *naxis,
       long *naxes, long *pcount, long *gcount, int *extend, int *status)

  int fits_read_imghdrll / ffghprll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int maxdim, > int *simple, int *bitpix, int *naxis,
       LONGLONG *naxes, long *pcount, long *gcount, int *extend, int *status)

  int fits_read_atblhdr / ffghtb
      (fitsfile *fptr,int maxdim, > long *rowlen, long *nrows,
       int *tfields, char **ttype, LONGLONG *tbcol, char **tform, char **tunit,
       char *extname,  int *status)

  int fits_read_atblhdrll / ffghtbll
      (fitsfile *fptr,int maxdim, > LONGLONG *rowlen, LONGLONG *nrows,
       int *tfields, char **ttype, long *tbcol, char **tform, char **tunit,
       char *extname,  int *status)

  int fits_read_btblhdr / ffghbn
      (fitsfile *fptr, int maxdim, > long *nrows, int *tfields,
       char **ttype, char **tform, char **tunit, char *extname,
       long *pcount, int *status)

  int fits_read_btblhdrll / ffghbnll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int maxdim, > LONGLONG *nrows, int *tfields,
       char **ttype, char **tform, char **tunit, char *extname,
       long *pcount, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Write Keyword Routines}

These routines simply append a new keyword to the header and do not
check to see if a keyword with the same name already exists.  In
general it is preferable to use the fits\_update\_key routine to ensure
that the same keyword is not written more than once to the header.  See
Appendix B for the definition of the parameters used in these
routines.



\begin{description}
\item[1 ]  Write (append) a new keyword of the appropriate data type into the CHU.
     A null pointer may be entered for the comment parameter, which
     will cause the comment field of the keyword to be left blank.  The
     flt, dbl, cmp, and dblcmp versions of this routine have the added
     feature that if the 'decimals' parameter is negative, then the 'G'
     display format rather then the 'E' format will be used when
     constructing the keyword value, taking the absolute value of
     'decimals' for the precision.  This will suppress trailing zeros,
     and will use a fixed format rather than an exponential format,
    depending on the magnitude of the value. \label{ffpkyx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_key_str / ffpkys
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *value, char *comment,
       > int *status)

  int fits_write_key_[log, lng] /  ffpky[lj]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, DTYPE numval, char *comment,
       > int *status)

  int fits_write_key_[flt, dbl, fixflg, fixdbl] / ffpky[edfg]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, DTYPE numval, int decimals,
      char *comment, > int *status)

  int fits_write_key_[cmp, dblcmp, fixcmp, fixdblcmp] / ffpk[yc,ym,fc,fm]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, DTYPE *numval, int decimals,
      char *comment, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Write (append) a string valued keyword into the CHU which may be longer
    than 68 characters in length.  This uses the Long String Keyword
    convention that is described in the`Local FITS Conventions' section
    in Chapter 4.  Since this uses a non-standard FITS convention to
    encode the long keyword string, programs which use this routine
    should also call the fits\_write\_key\_longwarn routine to add some
    COMMENT keywords to warn users of the FITS file that this
    convention is being used.  The fits\_write\_key\_longwarn routine
    also writes a keyword called LONGSTRN to record the version of the
    longstring convention that has been used, in case a new convention
    is adopted at some point in the future.   If the LONGSTRN keyword
    is already present in the header, then fits\_write\_key\_longwarn
    will
   simply return without doing anything. \label{ffpkls} \label{ffplsw}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_key_longstr / ffpkls
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *longstr, char *comment,
       > int *status)

  int fits_write_key_longwarn / ffplsw
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Write (append) a numbered sequence of keywords into the CHU.  The
    starting index number (nstart) must be greater than 0. One may
    append the same comment to every keyword (and eliminate the need
    to have an array of identical comment strings, one for each keyword) by
    including the ampersand character as the last non-blank character in the
    (first) COMMENTS string parameter.  This same string
    will then be used for the comment field in all the keywords.
    One may also enter a null pointer for the comment parameter to
   leave the comment field of the keyword blank. \label{ffpknx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_keys_str / ffpkns
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyroot, int nstart, int nkeys,
       char **value, char **comment, > int *status)

  int fits_write_keys_[log, lng] / ffpkn[lj]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyroot, int nstart, int nkeys,
       DTYPE *numval, char **comment, int *status)

  int fits_write_keys_[flt, dbl, fixflg, fixdbl] / ffpkne[edfg]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyroot, int nstart, int nkey,
       DTYPE *numval, int decimals, char **comment, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ]Copy an indexed keyword from one HDU to another, modifying
    the index number of the keyword name in the process.  For example,
    this routine could read the TLMIN3 keyword from the input HDU
    (by giving keyroot = `TLMIN' and innum = 3) and write it to the
    output HDU with the keyword name TLMIN4 (by setting outnum = 4).
    If the input keyword does not exist, then this routine simply
   returns without indicating an error. \label{ffcpky}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_copy_key / ffcpky
      (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int innum, int outnum,
       char *keyroot, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ]Write (append) a `triple precision' keyword into the CHU in F28.16 format.
    The floating point keyword value is constructed by concatenating the
    input integer value with the input double precision fraction value
    (which must have a value between 0.0 and 1.0). The ffgkyt routine should
    be used to read this keyword value, because the other keyword reading
   routines will not preserve the full precision of the value. \label{ffpkyt}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_key_triple / ffpkyt
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, long intval, double frac,
       char *comment, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ]Write keywords to the CHDU that are defined in an ASCII template file.
   The format of the template file is described under the fits\_parse\_template
  routine. \label{ffpktp}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_key_template / ffpktp
      (fitsfile *fptr, const char *filename, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Insert Keyword Routines}

These insert routines are somewhat less efficient than the `update' or
`write' keyword routines  because the following keywords in the header
must be shifted down to make room for the inserted keyword.  See
Appendix B for the definition of the parameters used in these
routines.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Insert a new keyword record into the CHU at the specified position
    (i.e., immediately preceding the (keynum)th keyword in the header.)
  \label{ffirec}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_insert_record / ffirec
      (fitsfile *fptr, int keynum, char *card, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Insert a new keyword into the CHU.  The new keyword is inserted
    immediately following the last keyword that has been read from the
    header.  The `longstr' version has the same functionality as the
    `str' version except that it also supports the local long string
    keyword convention for strings longer than 68 characters.  A null
    pointer may be entered for the comment parameter which will cause
    the comment field to be left blank.  The flt, dbl, cmp, and dblcmp
    versions of this routine have the added
     feature that if the 'decimals' parameter is negative, then the 'G'
     display format rather then the 'E' format will be used when
     constructing the keyword value, taking the absolute value of
     'decimals' for the precision.  This will suppress trailing zeros,
     and will use a fixed format rather than an exponential format,
    depending on the magnitude of the value. \label{ffikyx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_insert_card / ffikey
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *card, > int *status)

  int fits_insert_key_[str, longstr] / ffi[kys, kls]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *value, char *comment,
       > int *status)

  int fits_insert_key_[log, lng] / ffiky[lj]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, DTYPE numval, char *comment,
       > int *status)

  int fits_insert_key_[flt, fixflt, dbl, fixdbl] / ffiky[edfg]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, DTYPE numval, int decimals,
       char *comment, > int *status)

  int fits_insert_key_[cmp, dblcmp, fixcmp, fixdblcmp] / ffik[yc,ym,fc,fm]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, DTYPE *numval, int decimals,
       char *comment, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Insert a new keyword with an undefined, or null, value into the CHU.
   The value string of the keyword is left blank in this case. \label{ffikyu}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_insert_key_null / ffikyu
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *comment, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\subsection{Read Keyword Routines}

Wild card characters may be used when specifying the name of the
keyword to be read.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Read a keyword value (with the appropriate data type) and comment from
    the CHU.  If a NULL comment pointer is given on input, then the comment
    string will not be returned.  If the value of the keyword is not defined
    (i.e., the value field is blank) then an error status = VALUE\_UNDEFINED
    will be returned and the input value will not be changed (except that
    ffgkys will reset the value to a null string).
  \label{ffgkyx} \label{ffgkls}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_key_str / ffgkys
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, > char *value, char *comment,
       int *status);

  NOTE: after calling the following routine, programs must explicitly free
        the memory allocated for 'longstr' after it is no longer needed by
        calling fits_free_memory.

  int fits_read_key_longstr / ffgkls
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, > char **longstr, char *comment,
             int *status)

  int fits_free_memory / fffree
      (char *longstr, > int *status);

  int fits_read_key_[log, lng, flt, dbl, cmp, dblcmp] / ffgky[ljedcm]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, > DTYPE *numval, char *comment,
       int *status)

  int fits_read_key_lnglng / ffgkyjj
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, > LONGLONG *numval, char *comment,
       int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Read a sequence of indexed keyword values (e.g., NAXIS1, NAXIS2, ...).
    The input starting index number (nstart) must be greater than 0.
    If the value of any of the keywords is not defined (i.e., the value
    field is blank) then an error status = VALUE\_UNDEFINED will be
    returned and the input value for the undefined keyword(s) will not
    be changed.  These routines do not support wild card characters in
    the root name.  If there are no indexed keywords in the header with
    the input root name then these routines do not return a non-zero
   status value and instead simply return nfound = 0. \label{ffgknx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_keys_str / ffgkns
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, int nstart, int nkeys,
       > char **value, int *nfound,  int *status)

  int fits_read_keys_[log, lng, flt, dbl] / ffgkn[ljed]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, int nstart, int nkeys,
       > DTYPE *numval, int *nfound, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Read the value of a floating point keyword, returning the integer and
    fractional parts of the value in separate routine arguments.
    This routine may be used to read any keyword but is especially
    useful for reading the 'triple precision' keywords written by ffpkyt.
  \label{ffgkyt}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_key_triple / ffgkyt
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, > long *intval, double *frac,
       char *comment, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Modify Keyword Routines}

These routines modify the value of an existing keyword.  An error is
returned if the keyword does not exist.  Wild card characters may be
used when specifying the name of the keyword to be modified.  See
Appendix B for the definition of the parameters used in these
routines.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Modify (overwrite) the nth 80-character header record in the CHU. \label{ffmrec}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_modify_record / ffmrec
      (fitsfile *fptr, int keynum, char *card, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Modify (overwrite) the 80-character header record for the named keyword
    in the CHU.  This can be used to overwrite the name of the keyword as
   well as its value and comment fields. \label{ffmcrd}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_modify_card / ffmcrd
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *card, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Modify the value and comment fields of an existing keyword in the CHU.
    The `longstr' version has the same functionality as the `str'
    version except that it also supports the local long string keyword
    convention for strings longer than 68 characters.  Optionally, one
    may modify only the value field and leave the comment field
    unchanged by setting the input COMMENT parameter equal to the
    ampersand character (\&) or by entering a null pointer for the
    comment parameter.  The flt, dbl, cmp, and dblcmp versions of this
    routine have the added feature that if the 'decimals' parameter is
    negative, then the 'G' display format rather then the 'E' format
    will be used when constructing the keyword value, taking the
    absolute value of 'decimals' for the precision.  This will suppress
    trailing zeros, and will use a fixed format rather than an
    exponential format,
   depending on the magnitude of the value. \label{ffmkyx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_modify_key_[str, longstr] / ffm[kys, kls]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *value, char *comment,
       > int *status);

  int fits_modify_key_[log, lng] / ffmky[lj]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, DTYPE numval, char *comment,
       > int *status)

  int fits_modify_key_[flt, dbl, fixflt, fixdbl] / ffmky[edfg]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, DTYPE numval, int decimals,
       char *comment, > int *status)

  int fits_modify_key_[cmp, dblcmp, fixcmp, fixdblcmp] / ffmk[yc,ym,fc,fm]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, DTYPE *numval, int decimals,
       char *comment, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Modify the value of an existing keyword to be undefined, or null.
    The value string of the keyword is set to blank.
    Optionally, one may leave the comment field unchanged by setting the
    input COMMENT parameter equal to
   the ampersand character (\&) or by entering a null pointer.  \label{ffmkyu}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_modify_key_null / ffmkyu
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *comment, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Update Keyword Routines}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] These update routines modify the value, and optionally the comment field,
    of the keyword if it already exists, otherwise the new keyword is
    appended to the header.  A separate routine is provided for each
    keyword data type.  The `longstr' version has the same functionality
    as the `str' version except that it also supports the local long
    string keyword convention for strings longer than 68 characters.  A
    null pointer may be entered for the comment parameter which will
    leave the comment field unchanged or blank.  The flt, dbl, cmp, and
    dblcmp versions of this routine have the added feature that if the
    'decimals' parameter is negative, then the 'G' display format
    rather then the 'E' format will be used when constructing the
    keyword value, taking the absolute value of 'decimals' for the
    precision.  This will suppress trailing zeros, and will use a fixed
    format rather than an exponential format,
   depending on the magnitude of the value. \label{ffukyx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_update_key_[str, longstr] / ffu[kys, kls]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, char *value, char *comment,
       > int *status)

  int fits_update_key_[log, lng] / ffuky[lj]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, DTYPE numval, char *comment,
       > int *status)

  int fits_update_key_[flt, dbl, fixflt, fixdbl] / ffuky[edfg]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, DTYPE numval, int decimals,
       char *comment, > int *status)

  int fits_update_key_[cmp, dblcmp, fixcmp, fixdblcmp] / ffuk[yc,ym,fc,fm]
      (fitsfile *fptr, char *keyname, DTYPE *numval, int decimals,
       char *comment, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\section{Define Data Scaling and Undefined Pixel Parameters}

These routines set or modify the internal parameters used by CFITSIO
to either scale the data or to represent undefined pixels.  Generally
CFITSIO will scale the data according to the values of the BSCALE and
BZERO (or TSCALn and TZEROn) keywords, however these routines may be
used to override the keyword values.  This may be useful when one wants
to read or write the raw unscaled values in the FITS file.  Similarly,
CFITSIO generally uses the value of the BLANK or TNULLn keyword to
signify an undefined pixel, but these routines may be used to override
this value.  These routines do not create or modify the corresponding
header keyword values.  See Appendix B for the definition of the
parameters used in these routines.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Reset the scaling factors in the primary array or image extension; does
    not change the BSCALE and BZERO keyword values and only affects the
    automatic scaling performed when the data elements are written/read
    to/from the FITS file.   When reading from a FITS file the returned
    data value = (the value given in the FITS array) * BSCALE + BZERO.
    The inverse formula is used when writing data values to the FITS
   file. \label{ffpscl}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_set_bscale / ffpscl
      (fitsfile *fptr, double scale, double zero, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Reset the scaling parameters for a table column; does not change
    the TSCALn or TZEROn keyword values and only affects the automatic
    scaling performed when the data elements are written/read to/from
    the FITS file.  When reading from a FITS file the returned data
    value = (the value given in the FITS array) * TSCAL + TZERO.  The
    inverse formula is used when writing data values to the FITS file.
   \label{fftscl}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_set_tscale / fftscl
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, double scale, double zero,
       > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Define the integer value to be used to signify undefined pixels in the
    primary array or image extension.  This is only used if BITPIX = 8, 16,
    or 32.  This does not create or change the value of the BLANK keyword in
   the header. \label{ffpnul}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_set_imgnull / ffpnul
      (fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG nulval, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Define the string to be used to signify undefined pixels in
    a column in an ASCII table.  This does not create or change the value
   of the TNULLn keyword. \label{ffsnul}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_set_atblnull / ffsnul
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, char *nulstr, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Define the value to be used to signify undefined pixels in
    an integer column in a binary table (where TFORMn = 'B', 'I', or 'J').
    This does not create or  change the value of the TNULLn keyword.
   \label{fftnul}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_set_btblnull / fftnul
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG nulval, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\section{Specialized FITS Primary Array or IMAGE Extension I/O Routines}

These routines read or write data values in the primary data array
(i.e., the first HDU in the FITS file) or an IMAGE extension.
Automatic data type conversion is performed for if the data type of the
FITS array (as defined by the BITPIX keyword) differs from the data
type of the array in the calling routine.  The data values are
automatically scaled by the BSCALE and BZERO header values as they are
being written or read from the FITS array.  Unlike the basic routines
described in the previous chapter, most of these routines specifically
support the FITS random groups format.  See Appendix B for the
definition of the parameters used in these routines.

The more primitive reading and writing routines (i. e., ffppr\_,
ffppn\_, ffppn, ffgpv\_, or ffgpf\_) simply treat the primary array as
a long 1-dimensional array of pixels, ignoring the intrinsic
dimensionality of the array.  When dealing with a 2D image, for
example, the application program must calculate the pixel offset in the
1-D array that corresponds to any particular X, Y coordinate in the
image.  C programmers should note that the ordering of arrays in FITS
files, and hence in all the CFITSIO calls, is more similar to the
dimensionality of arrays in Fortran rather than C.  For instance if a
FITS image has NAXIS1 = 100 and NAXIS2 = 50, then a 2-D array just
large enough to hold the image should be declared as array[50][100] and
not as array[100][50].

For convenience, higher-level routines are also provided to specifically
deal with 2D images (ffp2d\_ and ffg2d\_) and 3D data cubes (ffp3d\_
and ffg3d\_).  The dimensionality of the FITS image is passed by the
naxis1, naxis2, and naxis3 parameters and the declared dimensions of
the program array are passed in the dim1 and dim2 parameters.  Note
that the dimensions of the program array may be larger than the
dimensions of the FITS array.  For example if a FITS image with NAXIS1
= NAXIS2 = 400 is read into a program array which is dimensioned as 512
x 512 pixels, then the image will just fill the lower left corner of
the array with pixels in the range 1 - 400 in the X an Y directions.
This has the effect of taking a contiguous set of pixel value in the
FITS array and writing them to a non-contiguous array in program memory
(i.e., there are now some blank pixels around the edge of the image in
the program array).

The most general set of routines (ffpss\_, ffgsv\_, and ffgsf\_) may be
used to transfer a rectangular subset of the pixels in a FITS
N-dimensional image to or from an array which has been declared in the
calling program.  The fpixel and lpixel parameters are integer arrays
which specify the starting and ending pixel coordinate in each dimension
(starting with 1, not 0) of the FITS image that is to be read or
written.  It is important to note that these are the starting and
ending pixels in the FITS image, not in the declared array in the
program. The array parameter in these routines is treated simply as a
large one-dimensional array of the appropriate data type containing the
pixel values; The pixel values in the FITS array are read/written
from/to this program array in strict sequence without any gaps;  it is
up to the calling routine to correctly interpret the dimensionality of
this array.  The two FITS reading routines (ffgsv\_ and ffgsf\_ ) also
have an `inc' parameter which defines the data sampling interval in
each dimension of the FITS array.  For example, if inc[0]=2 and
inc[1]=3 when reading a 2-dimensional FITS image, then only every other
pixel in the first dimension and every 3rd pixel in the second
dimension will be returned to the 'array' parameter.

Two types of routines are provided to read the data array which differ in
the way undefined pixels are handled.  The first type of routines (e.g.,
ffgpv\_) simply return an array of data elements in which undefined
pixels are set equal to a value specified by the user in the `nulval'
parameter.  An additional feature of these routines is that if the user
sets nulval = 0, then no checks for undefined pixels will be performed,
thus reducing the amount of CPU processing.  The second type of routines
(e.g., ffgpf\_) returns the data element array and, in addition, a char
array that indicates whether the value of the corresponding data pixel
is undefined (= 1) or defined (= 0).  The latter type of routines may
be more convenient to use in some circumstances, however, it requires
an additional array of logical values which can be unwieldy when working
with large data arrays.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Write elements into the FITS data array.
 \label{ffppr} \label{ffpprx} \label{ffppn} \label{ffppnx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_img / ffppr
      (fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelements,
       DTYPE *array, int *status);

  int fits_write_img_[byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
      ffppr[b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d]
      (fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelements,
       DTYPE *array, > int *status);

  int fits_write_imgnull / ffppn
      (fitsfile *fptr, int datatype, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelements,
       DTYPE *array, DTYPE *nulval, > int *status);

  int fits_write_imgnull_[byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
      ffppn[b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d]
      (fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelements, DTYPE *array, DTYPE nulval, > int *status);
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ]Set data array elements as undefined. \label{ffppru}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_img_null / ffppru
      (fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelements,
       > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Write values into group parameters.  This routine only applies
    to the `Random Grouped' FITS format which has been used for
    applications in radio interferometry, but is officially deprecated
   for future use.  \label{ffpgpx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_grppar_[byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
      ffpgp[b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d]
      (fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelements,
       > DTYPE *array, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Write a 2-D or 3-D image into the data array. \label{ffp2dx} \label{ffp3dx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_2d_[byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
      ffp2d[b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d]
      (fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG dim1, LONGLONG naxis1,
       LONGLONG naxis2, DTYPE *array, > int *status)

  int fits_write_3d_[byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
      ffp3d[b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d]
      (fitsfile *fptr, long group, LONGLONG dim1, LONGLONG dim2, LONGLONG naxis1,
       LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3, DTYPE *array, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ]  Write an arbitrary data subsection into the data array. \label{ffpssx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_subset_[byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
      ffpss[b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d]
      (fitsfile *fptr, long group, long naxis, long *naxes,
       long *fpixel, long *lpixel, DTYPE *array, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Read elements from the FITS data array.
    \label{ffgpv} \label{ffgpvx} \label{ffgpf} \label{ffgpfx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_img / ffgpv
      (fitsfile *fptr, int  datatype, long firstelem, long nelements,
       DTYPE *nulval, > DTYPE *array, int *anynul, int *status)

  int fits_read_img_[byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
      ffgpv[b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d]
      (fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelements,
       DTYPE nulval, > DTYPE *array, int *anynul, int *status)

  int fits_read_imgnull / ffgpf
      (fitsfile *fptr, int  datatype, long firstelem, long nelements,
       > DTYPE *array, char *nullarray, int *anynul, int *status)

  int  fits_read_imgnull_[byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
       ffgpf[b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d]
       (fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelements,
       > DTYPE *array, char *nullarray, int *anynul, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Read values from group parameters.  This routine only applies
    to the `Random Grouped' FITS format which has been used for
    applications in radio interferometry, but is officially deprecated
   for future use. \label{ffggpx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int  fits_read_grppar_[byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
       ffggp[b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d]
       (fitsfile *fptr, long group, long firstelem, long nelements,
       > DTYPE *array, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[8 ]  Read 2-D or 3-D image from the data array.  Undefined
     pixels in the array will be set equal to the value of 'nulval',
     unless nulval=0 in which case no testing for undefined pixels will
    be performed. \label{ffg2dx} \label{ffg3dx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int  fits_read_2d_[byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
       ffg2d[b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d]
       (fitsfile *fptr, long group, DTYPE nulval, LONGLONG dim1, LONGLONG naxis1,
       LONGLONG naxis2, > DTYPE *array, int *anynul, int *status)

  int  fits_read_3d_[byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
       ffg3d[b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d]
       (fitsfile *fptr, long group, DTYPE nulval, LONGLONG dim1,
       LONGLONG dim2, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG naxis3,
       > DTYPE *array, int *anynul, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[9 ]   Read an arbitrary data subsection from the data array.
      \label{ffgsvx} \label{ffgsfx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int  fits_read_subset_[byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
       ffgsv[b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d]
       (fitsfile *fptr, int group, int naxis, long *naxes,
       long *fpixel, long *lpixel, long *inc, DTYPE nulval,
       > DTYPE *array, int *anynul, int *status)

  int  fits_read_subsetnull_[byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
       ffgsf[b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d]
       (fitsfile *fptr, int group, int naxis, long *naxes,
       long *fpixel, long *lpixel, long *inc, > DTYPE *array,
       char *nullarray, int *anynul, int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\section{Specialized FITS ASCII and Binary Table Routines}


\subsection{General Column Routines}


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Get information about an existing ASCII or binary table column.   A null
    pointer may be given for any of the output parameters that are not
    needed.  DATATYPE is a character string which returns the data type
    of the column as defined by the TFORMn keyword (e.g., 'I', 'J','E',
    'D', etc.).  In the case of an ASCII character column, typecode
    will have a value of the form 'An' where 'n' is an integer
    expressing the width of the field in characters.  For example, if
    TFORM = '160A8' then ffgbcl will return typechar='A8' and
    repeat=20.   All the returned parameters are scalar quantities.
   \label{ffgacl} \label{ffgbcl}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_acolparms / ffgacl
    (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, > char *ttype, long *tbcol,
     char *tunit, char *tform, double *scale, double *zero,
     char *nulstr, char *tdisp, int *status)

  int fits_get_bcolparms / ffgbcl
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, > char *ttype, char *tunit,
       char *typechar, long *repeat, double *scale, double *zero,
       long *nulval, char *tdisp, int  *status)

  int fits_get_bcolparmsll / ffgbclll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, > char *ttype, char *tunit,
       char *typechar, LONGLONG *repeat, double *scale, double *zero,
       LONGLONG *nulval, char *tdisp, int  *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Return optimal number of rows to read or write at one time for
    maximum I/O efficiency.  Refer to the
    ``Optimizing Code'' section in Chapter 5 for more discussion on how
   to use this routine. \label{ffgrsz}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_get_rowsize / ffgrsz
      (fitsfile *fptr, long *nrows, *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Define the zero indexed byte offset of the 'heap' measured from
    the start of the binary table data.  By default the heap is assumed
    to start immediately following the regular table data, i.e., at
    location NAXIS1 x NAXIS2.  This routine is only relevant for
    binary tables which contain variable length array columns (with
    TFORMn = 'Pt').  This routine also automatically writes
    the value of theap to a keyword in the extension header.  This
    routine must be called after the required keywords have been
    written (with ffphbn)
   but before any data is written to the table. \label{ffpthp}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_theap / ffpthp
      (fitsfile *fptr, long theap, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Test the contents of the binary table variable array heap, returning
    the size of the heap, the number of unused bytes that are not currently
    pointed to by any of the descriptors, and the number of bytes which are
    pointed to by multiple descriptors.  It also returns valid = FALSE if
    any of the descriptors point to invalid addresses  out of range of the
    heap. \label{fftheap}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_test_heap / fftheap
      (fitsfile *fptr, > LONGLONG *heapsize, LONGLONG *unused, LONGLONG *overlap,
       int *validheap, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Re-pack the vectors in the binary table variable array heap to recover
    any unused space.  Normally, when a vector in a variable length
    array column is rewritten the previously written array remains in
    the heap as wasted unused space.  This routine will repack the
    arrays that are still in use, thus eliminating any bytes in the
    heap that are no longer in use.  Note that if several vectors point
    to the same bytes in the heap, then this routine will make
    duplicate copies of the bytes for each vector, which will actually
   expand the size of the heap. \label{ffcmph}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_compress_heap / ffcmph
      (fitsfile *fptr, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\subsection{Low-Level Table Access Routines}

The following 2 routines provide low-level access to the data in ASCII
or binary tables and are mainly useful as an efficient way to copy all
or part of a table from one location to another.  These routines simply
read or write the specified number of consecutive bytes in an ASCII or
binary table, without regard for column boundaries or the row length in
the table.  These routines do not perform any machine dependent data
conversion or byte swapping.  See Appendix B for the definition of the
parameters used in these routines.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Read or write a consecutive array of bytes from an ASCII or binary
   table \label{ffgtbb}  \label{ffptbb}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_tblbytes / ffgtbb
      (fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstchar, LONGLONG nchars,
       > unsigned char *values, int *status)

  int fits_write_tblbytes / ffptbb
      (fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstchar, LONGLONG nchars,
       unsigned char *values, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}


\subsection{Write Column Data Routines}

This subsection describes specialized routines for writing data to
FITS tables.  Please see section \ref{specialized-read-column-data}
(``Read Column Data Routines'') for more information about how values
are stored in C.

\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Write elements into an ASCII or binary table column (in the CDU).
    The data type of the array is implied by the suffix of the
   routine name.  \label{ffpcls}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_col_str / ffpcls
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
       LONGLONG nelements, char **array, > int *status)

  int fits_write_col_[log,byt,sht,usht,int,uint,lng,ulng,lnglng,ulnglng,flt,dbl,cmp,dblcmp] /
      ffpcl[l,b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d,c,m]
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow,
           LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelements, DTYPE *array, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Write elements into an ASCII or binary table column
    substituting the appropriate FITS null value for any elements that
    are equal to the nulval parameter.    \label{ffpcnx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_colnull_[log, byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
      ffpcn[l,b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d]
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
       LONGLONG nelements, DTYPE *array, DTYPE nulval, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Write string elements into a binary table column (in the CDU)
    substituting the FITS null value for any elements that
   are equal to the nulstr string.  \label{ffpcns}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_colnull_str / ffpcns
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
       LONGLONG nelements, char **array, char *nulstr, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Write bit values into a binary byte ('B') or bit ('X') table column (in
    the CDU).  Larray is an array of characters corresponding to the
    sequence of bits to be written.  If an element of larray is true
    (not equal to zero) then the corresponding bit in the FITS table is
    set to 1, otherwise the bit is set to 0.  The 'X' column in a FITS
    table is always padded out to a multiple of 8 bits where the bit
    array starts with the most significant bit of the byte and works
    down towards the 1's bit.  For example, a '4X' array, with the
    first bit = 1 and the remaining 3 bits = 0 is equivalent to the 8-bit
    unsigned byte decimal value of 128  ('1000 0000B').  In the case of
    'X' columns, CFITSIO can write to all 8 bits of each byte whether
    they are formally valid or not.  Thus if the column is defined as
    '4X', and one calls ffpclx with firstbit=1 and nbits=8, then all
    8 bits will be written into the first byte (as opposed to writing
    the first 4 bits into the first row and then the next 4 bits into
    the next row), even though the last 4 bits of each byte are formally
    not defined and should all be set = 0.  It should also be noted that
    it is more efficient to write 'X' columns an entire byte at a time,
    instead of bit by bit.  Any of the CFITSIO routines that write to
    columns (e.g. fits\_write\_col\_byt) may be used for this purpose.
    These routines will interpret 'X' columns as though they were 'B'
    columns (e.g.,  '1X' through '8X' is equivalent
   to '1B', and '9X' through '16X' is equivalent to '2B').  \label{ffpclx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_write_col_bit / ffpclx
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, long firstbit,
       long nbits, char *larray, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Write the descriptor for a variable length column in a binary table.
    This routine can be used in conjunction with ffgdes to enable
    2 or more arrays to point to the same storage location to save
   storage space if the arrays are identical. \label{ffpdes}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
    int fits_write_descript / ffpdes
        (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG rownum, LONGLONG repeat,
         LONGLONG offset, > int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\subsection{Read Column Data Routines \label{specialized-read-column-data}}

Two types of routines are provided to get the column data which differ
in the way undefined pixels are handled.  The first set of routines
(ffgcv) simply return an array of data elements in which undefined
pixels are set equal to a value specified by the user in the 'nullval'
parameter.  If nullval = 0, then no checks for undefined pixels will be
performed, thus increasing the speed of the program.  The second set of
routines (ffgcf) returns the data element array and in addition a
logical array of flags which defines whether the corresponding data
pixel is undefined.  See Appendix B for the definition of the
parameters used in these routines.

    Any column, regardless of it's intrinsic data type, may be read as a
    string.  It should be noted however that reading a numeric column as
    a string is 10 - 100 times slower than reading the same column as a number
    due to the large overhead in constructing the formatted strings.
    The display format of the returned strings will be
    determined by the TDISPn keyword, if it exists, otherwise by the
    data type of the column.  The length of the returned strings (not
    including the null terminating character) can be determined with
    the fits\_get\_col\_display\_width routine.  The following TDISPn
    display formats are currently supported:

\begin{verbatim}
    Iw.m   Integer
    Ow.m   Octal integer
    Zw.m   Hexadecimal integer
    Fw.d   Fixed floating point
    Ew.d   Exponential floating point
    Dw.d   Exponential floating point
    Gw.d   General; uses Fw.d if significance not lost, else Ew.d
\end{verbatim}
    where w is the width in characters of the displayed values, m is
    the minimum number of digits displayed, and d is the number of
    digits to the right of the decimal.  The .m field is optional.


\begin{description}
\item[1 ] Read elements from an ASCII or binary table column (in the CDU).  These
    routines return the values of the table column array elements.  The caller
    is required to allocate the storage \verb+array+ before calling.  Undefined
    array elements will be returned with a value = nulval, unless nulval = 0
    (or = ' ' for ffgcvs) in which case no checking for undefined values will
    be performed. The anynul parameter is set to true if any of the returned
    elements are undefined. 

    For the \verb+_log+ (logical) variant, the C storage type is a
    \verb+char+ single-byte character.  A FITS value of `\verb+T+'rue
    reads as 1 and `\verb+F+' reads as 0; other non-FITS characters 
    are preserved untranslated.

    For the \verb+_str+ (string) variant the number
    of elements is the number of strings, and the caller must allocate storage
    for both the array of pointers \verb+array+ and the character array data
    itself (use \verb+fits_get_col_display_width+ or \verb+fits_get_coltype+ to 
    determine the number of characters).  See section \ref{character-strings}
    (``Dealing with Character Strings'') for more information.  Also, when
    the \verb+_byt+ variant is used to read a column stored in the file as 
    string data (TFORMn = 'nA'), the subroutine will read the character
    bytes (instead of attempting to perform a numerical conversion as other
    integer variants would do), with no attempt at null termination.

    For the \verb+_cmp+ and \verb+_dblcmp+
    (complex and double complex) variants, \verb+nelements+ is the number
    of numerical pairs; the number of floats or doubles that must be 
    pre-allocated is \verb+2*nelements+.
\label{ffgcvx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_col_str / ffgcvs
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
       LONGLONG nelements, char *nulstr, > char **array, int *anynul,
       int *status)

  int fits_read_col_[log,byt,sht,usht,int,uint,lng,ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl, cmp, dblcmp] /
      ffgcv[l,b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d,c,m]
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
       LONGLONG nelements, DTYPE nulval, > DTYPE *array, int *anynul,
       int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[2 ] Read elements and null flags from an ASCII or binary table column (in the
    CHDU).  These routines return the values of the table column array elements.
    Any undefined array elements will have the corresponding nullarray element
    set equal to TRUE.  The anynul parameter is set to true if any of the
   returned elements are undefined. \label{ffgcfx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_colnull_str / ffgcfs
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
       LONGLONG nelements, > char **array, char *nullarray, int *anynul,
       int *status)

  int fits_read_colnull_[log,byt,sht,usht,int,uint,lng,ulng,lnglng,ulnglng,flt,dbl,cmp,dblcmp] /
      ffgcf[l,b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d,c,m]
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow,
       LONGLONG firstelem, LONGLONG nelements, > DTYPE *array,
       char *nullarray, int *anynul, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[3 ] Read an arbitrary data subsection from an N-dimensional array
    in a binary table vector column.  Undefined pixels
    in the array will be set equal to the value of 'nulval',
    unless nulval=0 in which case no testing for undefined pixels will
    be performed.  The first and last rows in the table to be read
    are specified by fpixel(naxis+1) and lpixel(naxis+1), and hence
    are treated as the next higher dimension of the FITS N-dimensional
    array.  The INC parameter specifies the sampling interval in
   each dimension between the data elements that will be returned. \label{ffgsvx2}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_subset_[byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
      ffgsv[b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ull,e,d]
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *fpixel,
       long *lpixel, long *inc, DTYPE nulval, > DTYPE *array, int *anynul,
       int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[4 ] Read an arbitrary data subsection from an N-dimensional array
    in a binary table vector column.  Any Undefined
    pixels in the array will have the corresponding 'nullarray'
    element set equal to TRUE.  The first and last rows in the table
    to be read are specified by fpixel(naxis+1) and lpixel(naxis+1),
    and hence are treated as the next higher dimension of the FITS
    N-dimensional array.  The INC parameter specifies the sampling
    interval in each dimension between the data elements that will be
   returned. \label{ffgsfx2}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_subsetnull_[byt, sht, usht, int, uint, lng, ulng, lnglng, ulnglng, flt, dbl] /
      ffgsf[b,i,ui,k,uk,j,uj,jj,ujj,e,d]
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes,
       long *fpixel, long *lpixel, long *inc, > DTYPE *array,
       char *nullarray, int *anynul, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[5 ] Read bit values from a byte ('B') or bit (`X`) table column (in the
    CDU).  Larray is an array of logical values corresponding to the
    sequence of bits to be read.  If larray is true then the
    corresponding bit was set to 1, otherwise the bit was set to 0.
    The 'X' column in a FITS table is always padded out to a multiple
    of 8 bits where the bit array starts with the most significant bit
    of the byte and works down towards the 1's bit.  For example, a
    '4X' array, with the first bit = 1 and the remaining 3 bits = 0 is
    equivalent to the 8-bit unsigned byte value of 128.
    Note that in the case of 'X' columns, CFITSIO can read  all 8 bits
    of each byte whether they are formally valid or not.  Thus if the
    column is defined as '4X', and one calls ffgcx with  firstbit=1 and
    nbits=8, then all 8 bits will be read from the first byte (as
    opposed to reading the first 4 bits from the first row and then the
    first 4 bits from the next row), even though the last 4 bits of
    each byte are formally not defined.  It should also be noted that
    it is more efficient to read 'X' columns an entire byte at a time,
    instead of bit by bit.  Any of the CFITSIO routines that read
    columns (e.g. fits\_read\_col\_byt) may be used for this
    purpose.  These routines will interpret 'X' columns as though they
    were 'B' columns (e.g.,  '8X' is equivalent to '1B', and '16X' is
   equivalent to '2B').  \label{ffgcx}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_col_bit / ffgcx
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstbit,
       LONGLONG nbits, > char *larray, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[6 ] Read any consecutive set of bits from an 'X' or 'B' column and
    interpret them as an unsigned n-bit integer.  nbits must be less
    than 16 or 32 in ffgcxui and ffgcxuk, respectively.  If nrows
    is greater than 1, then the same set of bits will be read from
    each row, starting with firstrow. The bits are numbered with
    1 = the most significant bit of the first element of the column.
   \label{ffgcxui}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_col_bit_[usht, uint] / ffgcx[ui,uk]
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG, nrows,
       long firstbit, long nbits, > DTYPE *array, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\begin{description}
\item[7 ] Return the descriptor for a variable length column in a binary table.
    The descriptor consists of 2 integer parameters: the number of elements
    in the array and the starting offset relative to the start of the heap.
    The first pair of routine returns a single descriptor whereas the second
    pair of routine
    returns the descriptors for a range of rows in the table.  The only
    difference between the 2 routines in each pair is that one returns
    the parameters as 'long' integers, whereas the other returns the values
    as 64-bit 'LONGLONG' integers.
   \label{ffgdes}
\end{description}

\begin{verbatim}
  int fits_read_descript / ffgdes
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG rownum, > long *repeat,
           long *offset, int *status)

  int fits_read_descriptll / ffgdesll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG rownum, > LONGLONG *repeat,
           LONGLONG *offset, int *status)

  int fits_read_descripts / ffgdess
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows
       > long *repeat, long *offset, int *status)

  int fits_read_descriptsll / ffgdessll
      (fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG nrows
       > LONGLONG *repeat, LONGLONG *offset, int *status)
\end{verbatim}

\chapter{ Extended File Name Syntax }


\section{Overview}

CFITSIO supports an extended syntax when specifying the name of the
data file to be opened or created  that includes the following
features:

\begin{itemize}
\item
CFITSIO can read IRAF format images which have header file names that
end with the '.imh' extension, as well as reading and writing FITS
files,   This feature is implemented in CFITSIO by first converting the
IRAF image into a temporary FITS format file in memory, then opening
the FITS file.  Any of the usual CFITSIO routines then may be used to
read the image header or data.  Similarly, raw binary data arrays can
be read by converting them on the fly into virtual FITS images.

\item
FITS files on the Internet can be read (and sometimes written) using the FTP,
HTTP, HTTPS, FTPS, or ROOT protocols.

\item
FITS files can be piped between tasks on the stdin and stdout streams.

\item
FITS files can be read and written in shared memory.  This can
potentially achieve better data I/O performance compared to reading and
writing the same FITS files on magnetic disk.

\item
Compressed FITS files in gzip or Unix COMPRESS format can be directly read.

\item
Output FITS files can be written directly in compressed gzip format,
thus saving disk space.

\item
FITS table columns can be created, modified, or deleted 'on-the-fly' as
the table is opened by CFITSIO.  This creates a virtual FITS file containing
the modifications that is then opened by the application program.

\item
Table rows may be selected, or filtered out, on the fly when the table
is opened by CFITSIO, based on an user-specified expression.
Only rows for which the expression evaluates to 'TRUE' are retained
in the copy of the table that is opened by the application program.

\item
Histogram images may be created on the fly by binning the values in
table columns, resulting in a virtual N-dimensional FITS image.  The
application program then only sees the FITS image (in the primary
array) instead of the original FITS table.
\end{itemize}

The latter 3 table filtering features in particular add very powerful
data processing capabilities directly into CFITSIO, and hence into
every task that uses CFITSIO to read or write FITS files.  For example,
these features transform a very simple program that just copies an
input FITS file to a new output file (like the `fitscopy' program that
is distributed with CFITSIO) into a multipurpose FITS file processing
tool.  By appending fairly simple qualifiers onto the name of the input
FITS file, the user can perform quite complex table editing operations
(e.g., create new columns, or filter out rows in a table) or create
FITS images by binning or histogramming the values in table columns.
In addition, these functions have been coded using new state-of-the art
algorithms that are, in some cases, 10 - 100 times faster than previous
widely used implementations.

Before describing the complete syntax for the extended FITS file names
in the next section, here are a few examples of FITS file names that
give a quick overview of the allowed syntax:

\begin{itemize}
\item
{\tt myfile.fits}: the simplest case of a FITS file on disk in the current
directory.

\item
{\tt myfile.imh}: opens an IRAF format image file and converts it on the
fly into a temporary FITS format image in memory which can then be read with
any other CFITSIO routine.

\item
{\tt rawfile.dat[i512,512]}: opens a raw binary data array (a 512 x 512
short integer array in this case) and converts it on the fly into a
temporary FITS format image in memory which can then be read with any
other CFITSIO routine.

\item
{\tt myfile.fits.gz}: if this is the name of a new output file, the '.gz'
suffix will cause it to be compressed in gzip format when it is written to
disk.

\item
{\tt myfile.fits.gz[events, 2]}:  opens and uncompresses the gzipped file
myfile.fits then moves to the extension with the keywords EXTNAME
= 'EVENTS' and EXTVER = 2.

\item
{\tt -}:  a dash (minus sign) signifies that the input file is to be read
from the stdin file stream, or that the output file is to be written to
the stdout stream.  See also the stream:// driver which provides a
more efficient, but more restricted method of reading or writing to
the stdin or stdout streams.

\item
{\tt ftp://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/test/vela.fits}:  FITS files in any ftp
archive site on the Internet may be directly opened with read-only
access.

\item
{\tt http://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/software/test.fits}: any valid URL to a
FITS file on the Web may be opened with read-only access.

\item
{\tt root://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/test/vela.fits}: similar to ftp access
except that it provides write as well as read access to the files
across the network. This uses the root protocol developed at CERN.

\item
{\tt shmem://h2[events]}: opens the FITS file in a shared memory segment and
moves to the EVENTS extension.

\item
{\tt mem://}:  creates a scratch output file in core computer memory.  The
resulting 'file' will disappear when the program exits, so this
is mainly useful for testing purposes when one does not want a
permanent copy of the output file.

\item
{\tt myfile.fits[3; Images(10)]}: opens a copy of the image contained in the
10th row of the 'Images' column in the binary table in the 3th extension
of the FITS file.  The virtual file that is opened by the application just
contains this single image in the primary array.

\item
{\tt myfile.fits[1:512:2, 1:512:2]}: opens a section of the input image
ranging from the 1st to the 512th pixel in  X and Y, and selects every
second pixel in both dimensions, resulting in a 256 x 256 pixel input image
in this case.

\item
{\tt myfile.fits[EVENTS][col Rad = sqrt(X**2 + Y**2)]}:  creates and opens
a virtual file on the fly that is identical to
myfile.fits except that it will contain a new column in the EVENTS
extension called 'Rad' whose value is computed using the indicated
expression which is a function of the values in the X and Y columns.

\item
{\tt myfile.fits[EVENTS][PHA > 5]}:  creates and opens a virtual FITS
files that is identical to 'myfile.fits' except that the EVENTS table
will only contain the rows that have values of the PHA column greater
than 5.  In general, any arbitrary boolean expression using a C or
Fortran-like syntax, which may combine AND and OR operators,
may be used to select rows from a table.

\item
{\tt myfile.fits[EVENTS][bin (X,Y)=1,2048,4]}:  creates a temporary FITS
primary array image which is computed on the fly by binning (i.e,
computing the 2-dimensional histogram) of the values in the X and Y
columns of the EVENTS extension.  In this case the X and Y coordinates
range from 1 to 2048 and the image pixel size is 4 units in both
dimensions, so the resulting image is 512 x 512 pixels in size.

\item
The final example combines many of these feature into one complex
expression (it is broken into several lines for clarity):

\begin{verbatim}
   ftp://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/sample.fits.gz[EVENTS]
   [col phacorr = pha * 1.1 - 0.3][phacorr >= 5.0 && phacorr <= 14.0]
   [bin (X,Y)=32]
\end{verbatim}
In this case, CFITSIO (1) copies and uncompresses the FITS file from
the ftp site on the legacy machine, (2) moves to the 'EVENTS'
extension, (3) calculates a new column called 'phacorr', (4) selects
the rows in the table that have phacorr in the range 5 to 14, and
finally (5) bins the remaining rows on the X and Y column coordinates,
using a pixel size = 32 to create a 2D image.  All this processing is
completely transparent to the application program, which simply sees
the final 2-D image in the primary array of the opened file.
\end{itemize}

The full extended CFITSIO FITS file name can contain several different
components depending on the context.  These components are described in
the following sections:

\begin{verbatim}
When creating a new file:
   filetype://BaseFilename(templateName)[compress]

When opening an existing primary array or image HDU:
   filetype://BaseFilename(outName)[HDUlocation][ImageSection][pixFilter]

When opening an existing table HDU:
   filetype://BaseFilename(outName)[HDUlocation][colFilter][rowFilter][binSpec]
\end{verbatim}
The filetype, BaseFilename, outName, HDUlocation, ImageSection, and pixFilter
components, if present, must be given in that order, but the colFilter,
rowFilter, and binSpec specifiers may follow in any order.  Regardless
of the order, however, the colFilter specifier, if present, will be
processed first by CFITSIO, followed by the rowFilter specifier, and
finally by the binSpec specifier.  

Multiple colFilter or rowFilter specifications may appear as separated
bracketed expressions, in any order.  Multiple colFilter or rowFilter
expressions are treated internally as a single effective expression,
with order of operations determined from left to right.  CFITSIO does
not support the @filename.txt complex syntax option if multiple
expressions are also used.

\section{Filetype}

The type of file determines the medium on which the file is located
(e.g., disk or network) and, hence, which internal device driver is used by
CFITSIO to read and/or write the file.  Currently supported types are

\begin{verbatim}
        file://  - file on local magnetic disk (default)
         ftp://  - a readonly file accessed with the anonymous FTP protocol.
                   It also supports  ftp://username:password@hostname/...
                   for accessing password-protected ftp sites.
        http://  - a readonly file accessed with the HTTP protocol.  It
                   supports username:password just like the ftp driver.
                   Proxy HTTP servers are supported using the http_proxy
                   environment variable (see following note).
       https://  - a readonly file accessed with the HTTPS protocol.  This
                   is available only if CFITSIO was built with the libcurl
                   library (see the following note).
       ftps://  -  a readonly file accessed with the FTPS protocol.  This
                   is available only if CFITSIO was built with the libcurl
                   library.
      stream://  - special driver to read an input FITS file from the stdin
                   stream, and/or write an output FITS file to the stdout
		   stream.  This driver is fragile and has limited
		   functionality (see the following note).
      gsiftp://  - access files on a computational grid using the gridftp
                   protocol in the Globus toolkit (see following note).
        root://  - uses the CERN root protocol for writing as well as
                   reading files over the network (see following note).
       shmem://  - opens or creates a file which persists in the computer's
                   shared memory (see following note).
         mem://  - opens a temporary file in core memory.  The file
                   disappears when the program exits so this is mainly
                   useful for test purposes when a permanent output file
                   is not desired.
\end{verbatim}
If the filetype is not specified, then type file:// is assumed.
The double slashes '//' are optional and may be omitted in most cases.


\subsection{Notes about HTTP proxy servers}

A proxy HTTP server may be used by defining the address (URL) and port
number of the proxy server with the http\_proxy environment variable.
For example

\begin{verbatim}
    setenv http_proxy http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov:3128
\end{verbatim}
will cause CFITSIO to use port 3128 on the heasarc proxy server whenever
reading a FITS file with HTTP.

\subsection{Notes about HTTPS and FTPS file access}

CFITSIO depends upon the availability of the libcurl library in order to perform 
HTTPS/FTPS file access.  (This should be the development version of the library, as
it contains the curl.h header file required by the CFITSIO code.)   The CFITSIO
'configure' script will search for this library on your system, and if it finds it 
it will automatically be incorporated into the build.  

Note that if you have this library package on your system, you will also have the 'curl-config'
executable.  You can run the 'curl-config' executable with various options to learn
more about the features of your libcurl installation.

If the CFITSIO 'configure' succeeded in finding a usable libcurl, you will see the flag
'-DCFITSIO\_HAVE\_CURL=1' in the CFITSIO Makefile and in the compilation output.  
If 'configure' is unable to find a usable libcurl, CFITSIO will still build 
but it won't have HTTPS/FTPS capability.

The libcurl package is normally included as part of Xcode on Macs.  However on Linux platforms you 
may need to manually install it. This can be easily done on Ubuntu Linux using
the 'apt get' command to retrieve the libcurl4-openssl-dev or the libcurl4-gnutls-dev packages.

When accessing a file with HTTPS or FTPS, the default CFITSIO behavior is to attempt
to verify both the host name and the SSL certificate.  If it cannot, it will still 
perform the file access but will issue a warning to the terminal window.

The user can override this behavior to force CFITSIO to only allow file transfers
when the host name and SSL certificate have been successfully verified.  This is
done by setting the CFITSIO\_VERIFY\_HTTPS environment variable to 'True'. ie. in a
csh shell:

setenv CFITSIO\_VERIFY\_HTTPS True

the default setting for this is 'False'.

CFITSIO has 3 functions which apply specifically to HTTPS/FTPS access:  fits\_init\_https, 
fits\_cleanup\_https, and fits\_verbose\_https. It is recommended that you call the 
init and cleanup functions near the beginning and end of your program respectively. 
For more information about these functions, please see the 'FITS File Access Routines'
section in the preceding chapter ('Specialized CFITSIO Interface Routines'). 

\subsection{Notes about the stream filetype driver}

The stream driver can be used to efficiently read a FITS file from the stdin
file stream or write a FITS to the stdout file stream.  However, because these
input and output streams must be accessed sequentially, the FITS file reading or
writing application must also read and write the file sequentially, at least
within the tolerances described below.

CFITSIO supports 2 different methods for accessing FITS files on the stdin and
stdout streams.  The original method, which is invoked by specifying a dash
character, "-", as the name of the file when opening or creating it, works by
storing a complete copy of the entire FITS file in memory.  In this case, when
reading from stdin, CFITSIO will copy the entire stream into memory before doing
any processing of the file.  Similarly, when writing to stdout, CFITSIO will
create a copy of the entire FITS file in memory, before finally flushing it out
to  the stdout stream when the FITS file is closed.  Buffering the entire FITS
file in this way allows the application to randomly access any part of the FITS
file, in any order, but it also requires that the user have sufficient available
memory (or virtual memory) to store the entire file, which may not be possible
in the case of very large files.

The newer stream filetype provides a more memory-efficient method of accessing
FITS files on the stdin or stdout streams.  Instead of storing a copy of the
entire FITS file in memory, CFITSIO only uses a set of internal  buffer which by
default can store  40 FITS blocks, or about  100K bytes of the FITS file.  The
application program must process the FITS file sequentially from beginning to
end, within this 100K buffer.  Generally speaking the application  program must
conform to the following restrictions:

\begin{itemize}
\item
The program must finish reading or writing the header keywords
before reading or writing any data in the HDU.
\item
The HDU can contain at most about 1400 header keywords.  This is the
maximum that can fit in the nominal 40 FITS block buffer.  In principle,
this limit could be increased by recompiling CFITSIO with a larger
buffer limit, which is set by the NIOBUF parameter in fitsio2.h.
\item
The program must read or write the data in a sequential manner from the
beginning to the end of the HDU.  Note that CFITSIO's internal
100K buffer allows a little latitude in meeting this requirement.
\item
The program cannot move back to a previous HDU in the FITS file.
\item
Reading or writing of variable length array columns in binary tables is not
supported on streams, because this requires moving back and forth between the
fixed-length portion of the binary table and the following heap area where the
arrays are actually stored.
\item
Reading or writing of tile-compressed images is not supported on streams,
because the images are internally stored using variable length arrays.
\end{itemize}


\subsection{Notes about the gsiftp filetype}

DEPENDENCIES: Globus toolkit (2.4.3 or higher) (GT) should be installed.
There are two different ways to install GT:

1) goto the globus toolkit web page www.globus.org and follow the
   download and compilation instructions;

2) goto the Virtual Data Toolkit web page http://vdt.cs.wisc.edu/
   and follow the instructions (STRONGLY SUGGESTED);

Once a globus client has been installed in your system with a specific flavour
it is possible to compile and install the CFITSIO libraries.
Specific configuration flags must be used:

1)  --with-gsiftp[[=PATH]] Enable Globus Toolkit gsiftp protocol support
    PATH=GLOBUS\_LOCATION i.e. the location of your globus installation

2)  --with-gsiftp-flavour[[=PATH] defines the specific Globus flavour
        ex. gcc32

Both the flags must be used and it is mandatory to set  both the PATH and the
flavour.

USAGE: To access files on a gridftp server it is necessary to use a gsiftp prefix:

example: gsiftp://remote\_server\_fqhn/directory/filename

The gridftp driver uses a local buffer on a temporary file the file is located
in the /tmp directory. If you have special permissions on /tmp or you do not have a /tmp
directory, it is possible to force another location setting the GSIFTP\_TMPFILE environment
variable (ex. export GSIFTP\_TMPFILE=/your/location/yourtmpfile).

Grid FTP supports multi channel transfer. By default a single channel transmission is
available. However, it is possible to modify this behavior setting the GSIFTP\_STREAMS
environment variable (ex. export GSIFTP\_STREAMS=8).



\subsection{Notes about the root filetype}

The original rootd server can be obtained from:
\verb-ftp://root.cern.ch/root/rootd.tar.gz-
but, for it to work correctly with CFITSIO one has to use a modified
version which supports a command to return the length of the file.
This modified version is available in rootd subdirectory
in the CFITSIO ftp area at

\begin{verbatim}
      ftp://legacy.gsfc.nasa.gov/software/fitsio/c/root/rootd.tar.gz.
\end{verbatim}

This small server is started either by inetd when a client requests a
connection to a rootd server or by hand (i.e. from the command line).
The rootd server works with the ROOT TNetFile class. It allows remote
access to ROOT database files in either read or write mode. By default
TNetFile assumes port 432 (which requires rootd to be started as root).
To run rootd via inetd add the following line to /etc/services:

\begin{verbatim}
  rootd     432/tcp
\end{verbatim}
and to /etc/inetd.conf, add the following line:

\begin{verbatim}
  rootd stream tcp nowait root /user/rdm/root/bin/rootd rootd -i
\end{verbatim}
Force inetd to reread its conf file with \verb+kill -HUP +.
You can also start rootd by hand running directly under your private
account (no root system privileges needed). For example to start
rootd listening on port 5151 just type:   \verb+rootd -p 5151+
Notice that no \& is needed. Rootd will go into background by itself.

\begin{verbatim}
  Rootd arguments:
    -i                says we were started by inetd
    -p port#          specifies a different port to listen on
    -d level          level of debug info written to syslog
                      0 = no debug (default)
                      1 = minimum
                      2 = medium
                      3 = maximum
\end{verbatim}
Rootd can also be configured for anonymous usage (like anonymous ftp).
To setup rootd to accept anonymous logins do the following (while being
logged in as root):

\begin{verbatim}
   - Add the following line to /etc/passwd:

     rootd:*:71:72:Anonymous rootd:/var/spool/rootd:/bin/false

     where you may modify the uid, gid (71, 72) and the home directory
     to suite your system.

   - Add the following line to /etc/group:

     rootd:*:72:rootd

     where the gid must match the gid in /etc/passwd.

   - Create the directories:

     mkdir /var/spool/rootd
     mkdir /var/spool/rootd/tmp
     chmod 777 /var/spool/rootd/tmp

     Where /var/spool/rootd must match the rootd home directory as
     specified in the rootd /etc/passwd entry.

   - To make writeable directories for anonymous do, for example:

     mkdir /var/spool/rootd/pub
     chown rootd:rootd /var/spool/rootd/pub
\end{verbatim}
That's all.  Several additional remarks:  you can login to an anonymous
server either with the names "anonymous" or "rootd".  The password should
be of type user@host.do.main. Only the @ is enforced for the time
being.  In anonymous mode the top of the file tree is set to the rootd
home directory, therefore only files below the home directory can be
accessed.  Anonymous mode only works when the server is started via
inetd.


\subsection{Notes about the shmem filetype:}

Shared memory files are currently supported on most Unix platforms,
where the shared memory segments are managed by the operating system
kernel and `live' independently of processes. They are not deleted (by
default) when the process which created them terminates, although they
will disappear if the system is rebooted.  Applications can create
shared memory files in CFITSIO by calling:

\begin{verbatim}
   fit_create_file(&fitsfileptr, "shmem://h2", &status);
\end{verbatim}
where the root `file' names are currently restricted to be 'h0', 'h1',
'h2', 'h3', etc., up to a maximum number defined by the the value of
SHARED\_MAXSEG (equal to 16 by default).  This is a prototype
implementation of the shared memory interface and a more robust
interface, which will have fewer restrictions on the number of files
and on their names, may be developed in the future.

When opening an already existing FITS file in shared memory one calls
the usual CFITSIO routine:

\begin{verbatim}
   fits_open_file(&fitsfileptr, "shmem://h7", mode, &status)
\end{verbatim}
The file mode can be READWRITE or READONLY just as with disk files.
More than one process can operate on READONLY mode files at the same
time.  CFITSIO supports proper file locking (both in READONLY and
READWRITE modes), so calls to fits\_open\_file may be locked out until
another other process closes the file.

When an application is finished accessing a FITS file in a shared
memory segment, it may close it  (and the file will remain in the
system) with fits\_close\_file, or delete it with fits\_delete\_file.
Physical deletion is postponed until the last process calls
ffclos/ffdelt.  fits\_delete\_file tries to obtain a READWRITE lock on
the file to be deleted, thus it can be blocked if the object was not
opened in READWRITE mode.

A shared memory management utility program called `smem', is included
with the CFITSIO distribution.  It can be built by typing `make smem';
then type `smem -h' to get a list of valid options.  Executing smem
without any options causes it to list all the shared memory segments
currently residing in the system and managed by the shared memory
driver. To get a list of all the shared memory objects, run the system
utility program `ipcs  [-a]'.


\section{Base Filename}

The base filename is the name of the file optionally including the
director/subdirectory path, and in the case of `ftp', `http', and `root'
filetypes, the machine identifier.  Examples:

\begin{verbatim}
    myfile.fits
    !data.fits
    /data/myfile.fits
    fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/ftp/sampledata/myfile.fits.gz
\end{verbatim}

When creating a new output file on magnetic disk (of type file://) if
the base filename begins with an exclamation point (!) then any
existing file with that same basename will be deleted prior to creating
the new FITS file.  Otherwise if the file to be created already exists,
then CFITSIO will return an error and will not overwrite the existing
file.  Note  that the exclamation point,  '!', is a special UNIX
character, so if it is used  on the command line rather than entered at
a task prompt, it must be  preceded by a backslash to force the UNIX
shell to pass it verbatim to the application program.

If the output disk file name ends with the suffix '.gz', then CFITSIO
will compress the file using the gzip compression algorithm before
writing it to disk.  This can reduce the amount of disk space used by
the file.  Note that this feature requires that the uncompressed file
be constructed in memory before it is compressed and written to disk,
so it can fail if there is insufficient available memory.

An input FITS file may be compressed with the gzip or Unix compress
algorithms, in which case CFITSIO will uncompress the file on the fly
into a temporary file (in memory or on disk).  Compressed files may
only be opened with read-only permission.  When specifying the name of
a compressed FITS file it is not necessary to append the file suffix
(e.g., `.gz' or `.Z').  If CFITSIO cannot find the input file name
without the suffix, then it will automatically search for a compressed
file with the same root name.  In the case of reading ftp and http type
files, CFITSIO generally looks for a compressed version of the file
first, before trying to open the uncompressed file.  By default,
CFITSIO copies (and uncompressed if necessary) the ftp or http FITS
file into memory on the local machine before opening it.  This will
fail if the local machine does not have enough memory to hold the whole
FITS file, so in this case, the output filename specifier (see the next
section) can be used to further control how CFITSIO reads ftp and http
files.

If the input file is an IRAF image file (*.imh file) then CFITSIO will
automatically convert it on the fly into a virtual FITS image before it
is opened by the application program.  IRAF images can only be opened
with READONLY file access.

Similarly, if the input file is a raw binary data array, then CFITSIO
will convert it on the fly into a virtual FITS image with the basic set
of required header keywords before it is opened by the application
program (with READONLY access).  In this case the data type and
dimensions of the image must be specified in square brackets following
the filename (e.g. rawfile.dat[ib512,512]). The first character (case
insensitive) defines the data type of the array:

\begin{verbatim}
     b         8-bit unsigned byte
     i        16-bit signed integer
     u        16-bit unsigned integer
     j        32-bit signed integer
     r or f   32-bit floating point
     d        64-bit floating point
\end{verbatim}
An optional second character specifies the byte order of the array
values: b or B indicates big endian (as in FITS files and the native
format of SUN UNIX workstations and Mac PCs) and l or L indicates
little endian (native format of DEC OSF workstations and IBM PCs).  If
this character is omitted then the array is assumed to have the native
byte order of the local machine.  These data type characters are then
followed by a series of one or more integer values separated by commas
which define the size of each dimension of the raw array.  Arrays with
up to 5 dimensions are currently supported.  Finally, a byte offset to
the position of the first pixel in the data file may be specified by
separating it with a ':' from the last dimension value.  If omitted, it
is assumed that the offset = 0.  This parameter may be used to skip
over any header information in the file that precedes the binary data.
Further examples:

\begin{verbatim}
  raw.dat[b10000]           1-dimensional 10000 pixel byte array
  raw.dat[rb400,400,12]     3-dimensional floating point big-endian array
  img.fits[ib512,512:2880]  reads the 512 x 512 short integer array in
                            a FITS file, skipping over the 2880 byte header
\end{verbatim}

One special case of input file is where the filename = `-' (a dash or
minus sign) or 'stdin' or 'stdout', which signifies that the input file
is to be read from the stdin stream, or written to the stdout stream if
a new output file is being created.  In the case of reading from stdin,
CFITSIO first copies the whole stream into a temporary FITS file (in
memory or on disk), and subsequent reading of the FITS file occurs in
this copy.  When writing to stdout, CFITSIO first constructs the whole
file in memory (since random access is required), then flushes it out
to the stdout stream when the file is closed.  In addition, if the
output filename = '-.gz' or 'stdout.gz' then it will be gzip compressed
before being written to stdout.

This ability to read and write on the stdin and stdout steams allows
FITS files to be piped between tasks in memory rather than having to
create temporary intermediate FITS files on disk.  For example if task1
creates an output FITS file, and task2 reads an input FITS file, the
FITS file may be piped between the 2 tasks by specifying

\begin{verbatim}
   task1 - | task2 -
\end{verbatim}
where the vertical bar is the Unix piping symbol.  This assumes that the 2
tasks read the name of the FITS file off of the command line.


\section{Output File Name when Opening an Existing File}

An optional output filename may be specified in parentheses immediately
following the base file name to be opened.  This is mainly useful in
those cases where CFITSIO creates a temporary copy of the input FITS
file before it is opened and passed to the application program.  This
happens by default when opening a network FTP or HTTP-type file, when
reading a compressed FITS file on a local disk, when reading from the
stdin stream, or when a column filter, row filter, or binning specifier
is included as part of the input file specification.  By default this
temporary file is created in memory.  If there is not enough memory to
create the file copy, then CFITSIO will exit with an error.   In these
cases one can force a permanent file to be created on disk, instead of
a temporary file in memory, by supplying the name in parentheses
immediately following the base file name.  The output filename can
include the '!' clobber flag.

Thus, if the input filename to CFITSIO is:
\verb+file1.fits.gz(file2.fits)+
then CFITSIO will uncompress `file1.fits.gz' into the local disk file
`file2.fits' before opening it.  CFITSIO does not automatically delete
the output file, so it will still exist after the application program
exits.

The output filename "mem://" is also allowed, which will write the
output file into memory, and also allow write access to the file.  This
'file' will disappear when it is closed, but this may be useful for
some applications which only need to modify a temporary copy of the file.

In some cases, several different temporary FITS files will be created
in sequence, for instance, if one opens a remote file using FTP, then
filters rows in a binary table extension, then create an image by
binning a pair of columns.  In this case, the remote file will be
copied to a temporary local file, then a second temporary file will be
created containing the filtered rows of the table, and finally a third
temporary file containing the binned image will be created.  In cases
like this where multiple files are created, the outfile specifier will
be interpreted the name of the final file as described below, in descending
priority:

\begin{itemize}
\item
as the name of the final image file if an image within a single binary
table cell is opened or if an image is created by binning a table column.
\item
as the name of the file containing the filtered table if a column filter
and/or a row filter are specified.
\item
as the name of the local copy of the remote FTP or HTTP file.
\item
as the name of the uncompressed version of the FITS file, if a
compressed FITS file on local disk has been opened.
\item
otherwise, the output filename is ignored.
\end{itemize}

The output file specifier is useful when reading FTP or HTTP-type
FITS files since it can be used to create a local disk copy of the file
that can be reused in the future.  If the output file name = `*' then a
local file with the same name as the network file will be created.
Note that CFITSIO will behave differently depending on whether the
remote file is compressed or not as shown by the following examples:
\begin{itemize}
\item
\verb+ftp://remote.machine/tmp/myfile.fits.gz(*)+ - the remote compressed
file is copied to the local compressed file `myfile.fits.gz', which
is then uncompressed in local memory before being opened and passed
to the application program.

\item
\verb+ftp://remote.machine/tmp/myfile.fits.gz(myfile.fits)+ - the
remote compressed file is copied and uncompressed into the local file
`myfile.fits'.  This example requires less local memory than the
previous example since the file is uncompressed on disk instead of in
memory.

\item
\verb+ftp://remote.machine/tmp/myfile.fits(myfile.fits.gz)+ - this will
usually produce an error since CFITSIO itself cannot compress files.
\end{itemize}

The exact behavior of CFITSIO in the latter case depends on the type of
ftp server running on the remote machine and how it is configured.  In
some cases, if the file `myfile.fits.gz' exists on the remote machine,
then the server will copy it to the local machine.  In other cases the
ftp server will automatically create and transmit a compressed version
of the file if only the uncompressed version exists.  This can get
rather confusing, so users should use a certain amount of caution when
using the output file specifier with FTP or HTTP file types, to make
sure they get the behavior that they expect.


\section{Template File Name when Creating a New File}

When a new FITS file is created with a call to fits\_create\_file, the
name of a template file may be supplied in parentheses immediately
following the name of the new file to be created.  This template is
used to define the structure of one or more HDUs in the new file.  The
template file may be another FITS file, in which case the newly created
file will have exactly the same keywords in each HDU as in the template
FITS file, but all the data units will be filled with zeros.  The
template file may also be an ASCII text file, where each line (in
general) describes one FITS keyword record.  The format of the ASCII
template file is described in the following Template Files chapter.


\section{Image Tile-Compression Specification}

When specifying the name of the output FITS file to be created, the
user can indicate that images should be written in tile-compressed
format (see section 5.5, ``Primary Array or IMAGE Extension I/O
Routines'') by enclosing the compression parameters in square brackets
following the root disk file name.  Here are some examples of the
syntax for specifying tile-compressed output images:

\begin{verbatim}
    myfile.fit[compress]    - use Rice algorithm and default tile size

    myfile.fit[compress GZIP] - use the specified compression algorithm;
    myfile.fit[compress Rice]     only the first letter of the algorithm
    myfile.fit[compress PLIO]     name is required.

    myfile.fit[compress Rice 100,100]   - use 100 x 100 pixel tile size
    myfile.fit[compress Rice 100,100;2] - as above, and use noisebits = 2
\end{verbatim}


\section{HDU Location Specification}

The optional HDU location specifier defines which HDU (Header-Data
Unit, also known as an `extension') within the FITS file to initially
open.  It must immediately follow the base file name (or the output
file name if present).  If it is not specified then the first HDU (the
primary array) is opened.  The HDU location specifier is required if
the colFilter, rowFilter, or binSpec specifiers are present, because
the primary array is not a valid HDU for these operations. The HDU may
be specified either by absolute position number, starting with 0 for
the primary array, or by reference to the HDU name, and optionally, the
version number and the HDU type of the desired extension.  The location
of an image within a single cell of a binary table may also be
specified, as described below.

The absolute position of the extension is specified either by enclosed
the number in square brackets (e.g., `[1]' = the first extension
following the primary array) or by preceded the number with a plus sign
(`+1').  To specify the HDU by name, give the name of the desired HDU
(the value of the EXTNAME or HDUNAME keyword) and optionally the
extension version number (value of the EXTVER keyword) and the
extension type (value of the XTENSION keyword: IMAGE, ASCII or TABLE,
or BINTABLE), separated by commas and all enclosed in square brackets.
If the value of EXTVER and XTENSION are not specified, then the first
extension with the correct value of EXTNAME is opened. The extension
name and type are not case sensitive, and the extension type may be
abbreviated to a single letter (e.g., I = IMAGE extension or primary
array, A or T = ASCII table extension, and B = binary table BINTABLE
extension).   If the HDU location specifier is equal to `[PRIMARY]' or
`[P]', then the primary array (the first HDU) will be opened.

An optional pound sign character ("\#") may be appended to the extension
name or number to signify that any other extensions in the file should
be ignored during any subsequent file filtering operations.  For example,
when doing row filtering operations on a table extension, CFITSIO normally
creates a copy of the filtered table in memory, along with a verbatim
copy of all the other extensions in the input FITS file.  If the pound
sign is appended to the table extension name, then only that extension,
and none of the other extensions in the file, will by copied to memory,
as in the following example:

\begin{verbatim}
   myfile.fit[events#][TIME > 10000]
\end{verbatim}

FITS images are most commonly stored in the primary array or an image
extension, but images can also be stored as a vector in a single cell
of a binary table (i.e. each row of the vector column contains a
different image).  Such an image can be opened with CFITSIO by
specifying the desired column  name and the row number after the binary
table HDU specifier as shown in the following examples. The column name
is separated from the HDU specifier by a semicolon and the row number
is enclosed in parentheses.  In this case CFITSIO copies the image from
the table cell into a temporary primary array before it is opened.  The
application program then just sees the image in the primary array,
without any extensions.  The particular row to be opened may be
specified either by giving an absolute integer row number (starting
with 1 for the first row), or by specifying a boolean expression that
evaluates to TRUE for the desired row.  The first row that satisfies
the expression will be used.  The row selection expression has the same
syntax as described in the Row Filter Specifier section, below.

 Examples:

\begin{verbatim}
   myfile.fits[3] - open the 3rd HDU following the primary array
   myfile.fits+3  - same as above, but using the FTOOLS-style notation
   myfile.fits[EVENTS] - open the extension that has EXTNAME = 'EVENTS'
   myfile.fits[EVENTS, 2]  - same as above, but also requires EXTVER = 2
   myfile.fits[events,2,b] - same, but also requires XTENSION = 'BINTABLE'
   myfile.fits[3; images(17)] - opens the image in row 17 of the 'images'
                                column in the 3rd extension of the file.
   myfile.fits[3; images(exposure > 100)] - as above, but opens the image
                   in the first row that has an 'exposure' column value
                   greater than 100.
\end{verbatim}


\section{Image Section}

A virtual file containing a rectangular subsection of an image can be
extracted and opened by specifying the range of pixels (start:end)
along each axis to be extracted from the original image.  One can also
specify an optional pixel increment (start:end:step) for each axis of
the input image.  A pixel step = 1 will be assumed if it is not
specified.  If the start pixel is larger then the end pixel, then the
image will be flipped (producing a mirror image) along that dimension.
An asterisk, '*', may be used to specify the entire range of an axis,
and '-*' will flip the entire axis. The input image can be in the
primary array, in an image extension, or contained in a vector cell of
a binary table. In the later 2 cases the extension name or number must
be specified before the image section specifier.

 Examples:

\begin{verbatim}
  myfile.fits[1:512:2, 2:512:2] -  open a 256x256 pixel image
              consisting of the odd numbered columns (1st axis) and
              the even numbered rows (2nd axis) of the image in the
              primary array of the file.

  myfile.fits[*, 512:256] - open an image consisting of all the columns
              in the input image, but only rows 256 through 512.
              The image will be flipped along the 2nd axis since
              the starting pixel is greater than the ending pixel.

  myfile.fits[*:2, 512:256:2] - same as above but keeping only
              every other row and column in the input image.

  myfile.fits[-*, *] - copy the entire image, flipping it along
              the first axis.

  myfile.fits[3][1:256,1:256] - opens a subsection of the image that
              is in the 3rd extension of the file.

  myfile.fits[4; images(12)][1:10,1:10] - open an image consisting
	      of the first 10 pixels in both dimensions. The original
	      image resides in the 12th row of the 'images' vector
	      column in the table in the 4th extension of the file.
\end{verbatim}

When CFITSIO opens an image section it first creates a temporary file
containing the image section plus a copy of any other HDUs in the
file. (If a `\#' character is appended to the name or number of the
image HDU, as in  "myfile.fits[1\#][1:200,1:200]", then the other
HDUs in the input file will not be copied into memory).
This temporary file is then opened by the application program,
so it is not possible to write to or modify the input file when
specifying an image section.  Note that CFITSIO automatically updates
the world coordinate system keywords in the header of the image
section, if they exist, so that the coordinate associated with each
pixel in the image section will be computed correctly.


\section{Image Transform Filters}

CFITSIO can apply a user-specified mathematical function to the value
of every pixel in a FITS image, thus creating a new virtual image
in computer memory that is then opened and read by the application
program.  The original FITS image is not modified by this process.

The image transformation specifier is appended to the input
FITS file name and is enclosed in square brackets.  It begins with the
letters 'PIX' to distinguish it from other types of FITS file filters
that are recognized by CFITSIO.  The image transforming function may
use any of the mathematical operators listed in the following
'Row Filtering Specification' section of this document.
Some examples of  image transform filters are:

\begin{verbatim}
 [pix X * 2.0]               - multiply each pixel by 2.0
 [pix sqrt(X)]               - take the square root of each pixel
 [pix X + #ZEROPT            - add the value of the ZEROPT keyword
 [pix X>0 ? log10(X) : -99.] - if the pixel value is greater
                               than 0, compute the base 10 log,
                               else set the pixel = -99.
\end{verbatim}
Use the letter 'X' in the expression to represent the current pixel value
in the image.  The expression is evaluated
independently for each pixel in the image and may be a function of 1) the
original pixel value, 2) the value of other pixels in the image at
a given relative offset from the position of the pixel that is being
evaluated, and 3) the value of
any header keywords.  Header keyword values are represented
by the name of the keyword preceded by the '\#' sign.


To access the the value of adjacent pixels in the image,
specify the (1-D) offset from the current pixel in curly brackets.
For example

\begin{verbatim}
 [pix  (x{-1} + x + x{+1}) / 3]
\end{verbatim}
will replace each pixel value with the running mean of the values of that
pixel and it's 2 neighboring pixels.  Note that in this notation the image
is treated as a 1-D array, where each row of the image (or higher dimensional
cube) is appended one after another in one long array of pixels.
It is possible to refer to pixels
in the rows above or below the current pixel by using the value of the
NAXIS1 header keyword.  For example

\begin{verbatim}
 [pix (x{-#NAXIS1} + x + x{#NAXIS1}) / 3]
\end{verbatim}
will compute the mean of each image pixel and the pixels immediately
above and below it in the adjacent rows of the image.
The following more complex example
creates a smoothed virtual image where each pixel
is a 3 x 3 boxcar average of the input image pixels:

\begin{verbatim}
  [pix (X + X{-1} + X{+1}
      + X{-#NAXIS1} + X{-#NAXIS1 - 1} + X{-#NAXIS1 + 1}
      + X{#NAXIS1} + X{#NAXIS1 - 1} + X{#NAXIS1 + 1}) / 9.]
\end{verbatim}
If the pixel offset
extends beyond the first or last pixel in the image, the function will
evaluate to undefined, or NULL.

For  complex  or commonly used image filtering operations,
one  can  write the expression into an external text  file and
then import it  into the
filter using  the syntax '[pix @filename.txt]'.   The mathematical
expression can
extend over multiple lines of text in the  file.
Any lines in the external text file
that begin with 2 slash characters ('//') will be ignored and may be
used to add comments into the file.

By default, the datatype of the resulting image will be the same as
the original image, but one may force a different datatype by appended
a code letter to the 'pix' keyword:

\begin{verbatim}
      pixb  -  8-bit byte    image with BITPIX =   8
      pixi  - 16-bit integer image with BITPIX =  16
      pixj  - 32-bit integer image with BITPIX =  32
      pixr  - 32-bit float   image with BITPIX = -32
      pixd  - 64-bit float   image with BITPIX = -64
\end{verbatim}
Also by default, any other HDUs in the input file will be copied without
change to the
output virtual FITS file, but one may discard the other HDUs by adding
the number '1' to the 'pix' keyword (and following any optional datatype code
letter).  For example:

\begin{verbatim}
     myfile.fits[3][pixr1  sqrt(X)]
\end{verbatim}
will create a virtual FITS file containing only a primary array image
with 32-bit floating point pixels that have a value equal to the square
root of the pixels in the image that is in the 3rd extension
of the 'myfile.fits' file.



\section{Column and Keyword Filtering Specification}

The optional column/keyword filtering specifier is used to modify the
column structure and/or the header keywords in the HDU that was
selected with the previous HDU location specifier. This filtering
specifier must be enclosed in square brackets and can be distinguished
from a general row filter specifier (described below) by the fact that
it begins with the string 'col ' and is not immediately followed by an
equals sign.  The original file is not changed by this filtering
operation, and instead the modifications are made on a copy of the
input FITS file (usually in memory), which also contains a copy of all
the other HDUs in the file.  (If a `\#' character is appended to the name
or number of the
table HDU then only the primary array, and none of the other
HDUs in the input file will be copied into memory).
This temporary file is passed to the
application program and will persist only until the file is closed or
until the program exits, unless the outfile specifier (see above) is
also supplied.

The column/keyword filter can be used to perform the following
operations.  More than one operation may be specified by separating
them with commas or semi-colons.


\begin{itemize}

\item
Copy only a specified list of columns columns to the filtered input file.
The list of column name should be separated by commas or semi-colons.  Wild card
characters may be used in the column names to match multiple columns.
If the expression contains both a list of columns to be included and
columns to be deleted, then all the columns in the original table
except the explicitly deleted columns will appear in the filtered
table (i.e., there is no need to explicitly list the columns to
be included if any columns are being deleted).

\item
Delete a column or keyword by listing the name preceded by a minus sign
or an exclamation mark (!), e.g., '-TIME' will delete the TIME column
if it exists, otherwise the TIME keyword.  An error is returned if
neither a column nor keyword with this name exists.  Note  that the
exclamation point,  '!', is a special UNIX character, so if it is used
on the command line rather than entered at a task prompt, it must be
preceded by a backslash to force the UNIX shell to ignore it.

\item
Rename an existing column or keyword with the syntax 'NewName ==
OldName'.  An error is returned if neither a column nor keyword with
this name exists.

\item
Append a new column or keyword to the table.  To create a column,
give the new name, optionally followed by the data type in parentheses,
followed by a single equals sign and an  expression to be used to
compute the value (e.g., 'newcol(1J) = 0' will create a new 32-bit
integer column called 'newcol' filled with zeros).  The data type is
specified using the same syntax that is allowed for the value of the
FITS TFORMn keyword (e.g., 'I', 'J', 'E', 'D', etc. for binary tables,
and 'I8', F12.3', 'E20.12', etc. for ASCII tables).  If the data type is
not specified then an appropriate data type will be chosen depending on
the form of the expression (may be a character string, logical, bit, long
integer, or double column). An appropriate vector count (in the case
of binary tables) will also be added if not explicitly specified.

When creating a new keyword, the keyword name must be preceded by a
pound sign '\#', and the expression must evaluate to a scalar
(i.e., cannot have a column name in the expression).  The comment
string for the keyword may be specified in parentheses immediately
following the keyword name (instead of supplying a data type as in
the case of creating a new column).  If the keyword name ends with a
pound sign '\#', then cfitsio will substitute the number of the
most recently referenced column for the \# character .
This is especially useful when writing
a column-related keyword like TUNITn for a newly created column,
as shown in the following examples.

COMMENT and HISTORY keywords may also be created with the following syntax:

\begin{verbatim}
   #COMMENT = 'This is a comment keyword'
   #HISTORY = 'This is a history keyword'
\end{verbatim}
Note that the equal sign and the quote characters will be removed, so
that the resulting header keywords in these cases will look like this:

\begin{verbatim}
   COMMENT This is a comment keyword
   HISTORY This is a history keyword
\end{verbatim}
These two special keywords are always appended to the end of the header
and will not affect any previously existing COMMENT or HISTORY keywords.

It is possible to delete an existing keyword using a preceding \verb+'-'+.
Either of these examples will delete the keyword named \verb+VEL+.
\begin{verbatim}
  -VEL;
  -#VEL;
\end{verbatim}

\item
Recompute (overwrite) the values in an existing column or keyword by
giving the name followed by an equals sign and an arithmetic
expression.
\end{itemize}

The expression that is used when appending or recomputing columns or
keywords can be arbitrarily complex and may be a function of other
header keyword values and other columns (in the same row).  The full
syntax and available functions for the expression are described below
in the row filter specification section.

If the expression contains both a list of columns to be included and
columns to be deleted, then all the columns in the original table
except the explicitly deleted columns will appear in the filtered
table.  If no columns to be deleted are specified, then only the
columns that are explicitly listed will be included in the filtered
output table.  To include all the columns, add the '*' wildcard
specifier at the end of the list, as shown in the examples.

For  complex  or commonly used operations,  one  can  place the
operations into an external text  file and import it  into the  column
filter using  the syntax '[col @filename.txt]'.   The operations can
extend over multiple lines of the  file, but multiple operations must
still be separated by commas or semi-colons.   Any lines in the external text file
that begin with 2 slash characters ('//') will be ignored and may be
used to add comments into the file.

When using column filtering to open a file ``on the fly,'' it is permitted
to use multiple column filtering expressions.  For example, the
syntax
\begin{verbatim}
  filename.fits[col *][col -Y][col Z=X+1]
\end{verbatim}
would be treated as equivalent to joining the expressions with semicolons, 
or
\begin{verbatim}
  filename.fits[col *; -Y;col Z=X+1]
\end{verbatim}
Please note that if multiple column filtering expressions are used, it is
not permitted to also use the \verb+[col @filename.txt]+ syntax in any
of the individual expressions.

It is possible to use wildcard syntax to delete either keywords or
columns that match a pattern.  Recall that to delete either a keyword
or a column, precede its name with a \verb+'-'+ character.

Wildcard patterns are: \verb+'*'+, which matches any
string of characters; \verb+'?'+, which matches any single character; and \verb+'#'+
which matches any numerical string.  For example these
statements:
\begin{verbatim}
  -VEL*;       # remove single column (or keyword) beginning with VEL
  -VEL_?;      # remove single column (or keyword) VEL_? where ? is any character
  -#DEC_*;     # remove single keyword beginning with DEC_
  -#TUNIT#;    # remove single keyword TUNIT ending w. number
\end{verbatim}
will remove the columns or keywords as noted.  Be aware that if a
\verb+'#'+ is not present, the CFITSIO engine will check for columns
with the given name first, followed by keywords.

The above expressions will only delete the {\it first}
item which matches the pattern.  If following columns or keywords
in the same CHDU match the pattern, they will not be deleted.
To delete {\it zero or more} keywords that match the pattern, add a
trailing \verb|'+'|.
\begin{verbatim}
  -VEL*+;       # remove all columns (or keywords) beginning with VEL
  -VEL_?+;      # remove all columns (or keyword) VEL_? where ? is any character
  -#DEC_*+;     # remove all keywords beginning with DEC_
  -#TUNIT#+;    # remove all keywords TUNIT ending w. number
\end{verbatim}
Note that, as a 0-or-more matching pattern, this form will succeed if
the requested column or keyword is not present.  In that case, the
deletion expression will silently proceed as if no deletion was requested.

Examples:

\begin{verbatim}
   [col Time, rate]              - only the Time and rate columns will
                                   appear in the filtered input file.

   [col Time, *raw]              - include the Time column and any other
                                   columns whose name ends with 'raw'.

   [col -TIME, Good == STATUS]   - deletes the TIME column and
                                   renames the status column to 'Good'

   [col PI=PHA * 1.1 + 0.2; #TUNIT#(column units) = 'counts';*]
                                 - creates new PI column from PHA values
                                   and also writes the TUNITn keyword
                                   for the new column.  The final '*'
                                   expression means preserve all the
                                   columns in the input table in the
                                   virtual output table;  without the '*'
                                   the output table would only contain
                                   the single 'PI' column.

   [col rate = rate/exposure; TUNIT#(&) = 'counts/s';*]
                                 - recomputes the rate column by dividing
                                   it by the EXPOSURE keyword value. This
                                   also modifies the value of the TUNITn
                                   keyword for this column. The use of the
                                   '&' character for the keyword comment
                                   string means preserve the existing
                                   comment string for that keyword. The
                                   final '*' preserves all the columns
                                   in the input table in the virtual
                                   output table.
\end{verbatim}


\section{Row Filtering Specification}

    When entering the name of a FITS table that is to be opened by a
    program, an optional row filter may be specified to select a subset
    of the rows in the table.  A temporary new FITS file is created on
    the fly which contains only those rows for which the row filter
    expression evaluates to true.  The primary array and any other
    extensions in the input file are also copied to the temporary
    file.
(If a `\#' character is appended to the name or number of the
table HDU then only the primary array, and none of the other
HDUs in the input file will be copied into the temporary file).
    The original FITS file is closed and the new virtual file
    is opened by the application program.  The row filter expression is
    enclosed in square brackets following the file name and extension
    name (e.g., 'file.fits[events][GRADE==50]'  selects only those rows
    where the GRADE column value equals 50).   When dealing with tables
    where each row has an associated time and/or 2D spatial position,
    the row filter expression can also be used to select rows based on
    the times in a Good Time Intervals (GTI) extension, or on spatial
    position as given in a SAO-style region file.


\subsection{General Syntax}

    The row filtering  expression can be an arbitrarily  complex series
    of operations performed  on constants,  keyword values,  and column
    data taken from the specified FITS TABLE extension.  The expression
    must evaluate to a boolean  value for each row  of the table, where
    a value of FALSE means that the row will be excluded.

    For complex or commonly  used filters, one can place the expression
    into a text file and import it into the row filter using the syntax
    '[@filename.txt]'.  The expression can be  arbitrarily complex and
    extend over multiple lines of the file.  Any lines in the external
    text file that begin with 2 slash characters ('//') will be ignored
    and may be used to add comments into the file.

    Keyword and   column data  are referenced by   name.  Any  string of
    characters not surrounded by    quotes (ie, a constant  string)   or
    followed by   an open parentheses (ie,   a  function name)   will be
    initially interpreted   as a column  name and  its contents for the
    current row inserted into the expression.  If no such column exists,
    a keyword of that  name will be searched for  and its value used, if
    found.  To force the  name to be  interpreted as a keyword (in case
    there is both a column and keyword with the  same name), precede the
    keyword name with a single pound sign, '\#', as in '\#NAXIS2'.  Due to
    the generalities of FITS column and  keyword names, if the column or
    keyword name  contains a space or a  character which might appear as
    an arithmetic  term then enclose  the  name in '\$'  characters as in
    \$MAX PHA\$ or \#\$MAX-PHA\$.  Names are case insensitive.

    To access a table entry in a row other  than the current one, follow
    the  column's name  with  a row  offset  within  curly  braces.  For
    example, 'PHA\{-3\}' will evaluate to the value  of column PHA, 3 rows
    above  the  row currently  being processed.   One  cannot specify an
    absolute row number, only a relative offset.  Rows that fall outside
    the table will be treated as undefined, or NULLs.

    When using row filtering to open a file ``on the fly,'' it is permitted
    to use multiple row filtering expressions.  For example, the expression
\begin{verbatim}
  filename.fits[#ROW > 5][X.gt.7]
\end{verbatim}
would be treated as equivalent to joining the expressions with logical ``and''
like this,
\begin{verbatim}
  filename.fits[(#ROW > 5)&&(X.gt.7)]
\end{verbatim}
Please note that if multiple row filtering expressions are used, it is
not permitted to also use the \verb+[@filename.txt]+ syntax in any
of the individual expressions.
    

%% 
%% 

    Boolean   operators can be  used in  the expression  in either their
    Fortran or C forms.  The following boolean operators are available:

\begin{verbatim}
    "equal"         .eq. .EQ. ==  "not equal"          .ne.  .NE.  !=
    "less than"     .lt. .LT. <   "less than/equal"    .le.  .LE.  <= =<
    "greater than"  .gt. .GT. >   "greater than/equal" .ge.  .GE.  >= =>
    "or"            .or. .OR. ||  "and"                .and. .AND. &&
    "negation"     .not. .NOT. !  "approx. equal(1e-7)"  ~
\end{verbatim}

Note that the exclamation point, '!', is a special UNIX character, so
if it is used on the command line rather than entered at a task
prompt, it must be preceded by a backslash to force the UNIX shell to
ignore it.

The expression may  also include arithmetic operators and functions.
Trigonometric  functions use  radians,  not degrees.  The  following
arithmetic  operators and  functions  can be  used in the expression
(function names are case insensitive).  A null value will be returned
in case of illegal operations such as divide by zero, sqrt(negative)
log(negative), log10(negative), arccos(.gt. 1), arcsin(.gt. 1).

\begin{verbatim}
    "addition"           +          "subtraction"          -
    "multiplication"     *          "division"             /
    "negation"           -          "exponentiation"       **   ^
    "absolute value"     abs(x)     "cosine"               cos(x)
    "sine"               sin(x)     "tangent"              tan(x)
    "arc cosine"         arccos(x)  "arc sine"             arcsin(x)
    "arc tangent"        arctan(x)  "arc tangent"          arctan2(y,x)
    "hyperbolic cos"     cosh(x)    "hyperbolic sin"       sinh(x)
    "hyperbolic tan"     tanh(x)    "round to nearest int" round(x)
    "round down to int"  floor(x)   "round up to int"      ceil(x)
    "exponential"        exp(x)     "square root"          sqrt(x)
    "natural log"        log(x)     "common log"           log10(x)
    "error function"     erf(x)     "complement of erf"    erfc(x)
    "gamma function"     gamma(x)
    "modulus"            x % y      
    "bitwise AND"        x & y      "bitwise OR"           x | y
    "bitwise XOR"        x ^^ y     (bitwise operators are 32-bit int only)
    "random # [0.0,1.0)" random()
    "random Gaussian"    randomn()  "random Poisson"       randomp(x)
    "minimum"            min(x,y)   "maximum"              max(x,y)
    "cumulative sum"     accum(x)   "sequential difference" seqdiff(x)
    "if-then-else"       b?x:y
    "angular separation" angsep(ra1,dec1,ra2,de2) (all in degrees)
    "substring"          strmid(s,p,n) "string search"     strstr(s,r)
\end{verbatim}
The bitwise operators for AND, OR and XOR operate upon 32-bit integer 
expressions only.

Three different random number functions are provided: random(), with
no arguments, produces a uniform random deviate between 0 and 1;
randomn(), also with no arguments, produces a normal (Gaussian) random
deviate with zero mean and unit standard deviation; randomp(x)
produces a Poisson random deviate whose expected number of counts is
X.  X may be any positive real number of expected counts, including
fractional values, but the return value is an integer.

When the random functions are used in a vector expression, by default
the same random value will be used when evaluating each element of the
vector.  If different random numbers are desired, then the name of a
vector column should be supplied as the single argument to the random
function (e.g., "flux + 0.1 * random(flux)", where "flux" is the name
of a vector column).  This will create a vector of random numbers that
will be used in sequence when evaluating each element of the vector
expression.

An alternate syntax for the min and max functions  has only a single
argument which  should be  a  vector value (see  below).  The result
will be the minimum/maximum element contained within the vector.

The accum(x) function forms the cumulative sum of x, element by
element.  Vector columns are supported simply by performing the
summation process through all the values.  Null values are treated as
0.  The seqdiff(x) function forms the sequential difference of x,
element by element.  The first value of seqdiff is the first value of
x.  A single null value in x causes a pair of nulls in the output.
The seqdiff and accum functions are functional inverses, i.e.,
seqdiff(accum(x)) == x as long as no null values are present.

In the if-then-else expression, "b?x:y", b is an explicit boolean
value or expression.  There is no automatic type conversion from
numeric to boolean values, so one needs to use "iVal!=0" instead of
merely "iVal" as the boolean argument. x and y can be any scalar data
type (including string).

The angsep function computes the angular separation in degrees between
2 celestial positions, where the first 2 parameters give the RA-like
and Dec-like coordinates (in decimal degrees) of the first position,
and the 3rd and 4th parameters give the coordinates of the second
position.

The substring function strmid(S,P,N) extracts a substring from S,
starting at string position P, with a substring length N.  The first
character position in S is labeled as 1. If P is 0, or refers to a
position beyond the end of S, then the extracted substring will be
NULL.  S, P, and N may be functions of other columns.

The string search function strstr(S,R) searches for the first
occurrence of the substring R in S.  The result is an integer,
indicating the character position of the first match (where 1 is the
first character position of S).  If no match is found, then strstr()
returns a NULL value.

The following type casting operators are available, where the
enclosing parentheses are required and taken from the C language
usage. Also, the integer to real casts values to double precision:

\begin{verbatim}
                "real to integer"    (int) x     (INT) x
                "integer to real"    (float) i   (FLOAT) i
\end{verbatim}

    In addition, several constants are built in  for  use  in  numerical
    expressions:


\begin{verbatim}
        #pi              3.1415...      #e             2.7182...
        #deg             #pi/180        #row           current row number
        #null         undefined value   #snull         undefined string
\end{verbatim}

    A  string constant must  be enclosed  in quotes  as in  'Crab'.  The
    "null" constants  are useful for conditionally  setting table values
    to a NULL, or undefined, value (eg., "col1==-99 ? \#NULL : col1").

    Integer constants may be specified using the following notation,
\begin{verbatim}
           13245   decimal integer
           0x12f3  hexidecimal integer
           0o1373  octal integer
           0b01001 binary integer
\end{verbatim}
    Note that integer constants are only allowed to be 32-bit, i.e.
    between -2\^(31) and +2\^(31).  Integer constants may be used in any
    arithmetic expression where an integer would be appropriate.  Thus,
    they are distinct from bitmasks (which may be of arbitrary length,
    allow the "wildcard" bit, and may only be used in logical
    expressions; see below).

    There is also a function for testing if  two  values  are  close  to
    each  other,  i.e.,  if  they are "near" each other to within a user
    specified tolerance. The  arguments,  value\_1  and  value\_2  can  be
    integer  or  real  and  represent  the two values who's proximity is
    being tested to be within the specified tolerance, also  an  integer
    or real:

\begin{verbatim}
                    near(value_1, value_2, tolerance)
\end{verbatim}
    When  a  NULL, or undefined, value is encountered in the FITS table,
    the expression will evaluate to NULL unless the undefined  value  is
    not   actually   required  for  evaluation,  e.g. "TRUE  .or.  NULL"
    evaluates to TRUE. The  following  two  functions  allow  some  NULL
    detection  and  handling:

\begin{verbatim}
         "a null value?"              ISNULL(x)
         "define a value for null"    DEFNULL(x,y)
         "declare certain value null" SETNULL(x,y)
\end{verbatim}
    ISNULL(x)
    returns a boolean value of TRUE if the  argument  x  is  NULL. DEFNULL(x,y)
    "defines"  a  value  to  be  substituted  for NULL values; it
    returns the value of x if x is not NULL, otherwise  it  returns  the
    value of y.  SETNULL(x,y) allows NULL values to be inserted into
    a variable; if x==y, a NULL value is returned; otherwise y is returned
    (x and y must be numerical, and x must be a scalar).

\subsection{Bit Masks}

    Bit  masks can be used to select out rows from bit columns (TFORMn =
    \#X) in FITS files. To represent the mask,  binary,  octal,  and  hex
    formats are allowed:


\begin{verbatim}
                 binary:   b0110xx1010000101xxxx0001
                 octal:    o720x1 -> (b111010000xxx001)
                 hex:      h0FxD  -> (b00001111xxxx1101)
\end{verbatim}

    In  all  the  representations, an x or X is allowed in the mask as a
    wild card. Note that the x represents a  different  number  of  wild
    card  bits  in  each  representation.  All  representations are case
    insensitive.  Although bitmasks may be of arbitrary length and contain
    a wildcard, they may only be used in logical expressions, unlike 
    integer constants (see above) which may be used in any arithmetic
    expression.

    To construct the boolean expression using the mask  as  the  boolean
    equal  operator  described above on a bit table column. For example,
    if you had a 7 bit column named flags in a  FITS  table  and  wanted
    all  rows  having  the bit pattern 0010011, the selection expression
    would be:


\begin{verbatim}
                            flags == b0010011
    or
                            flags .eq. b10011
\end{verbatim}

    It is also possible to test if a range of bits is  less  than,  less
    than  equal,  greater  than  and  greater than equal to a particular
    boolean value:


\begin{verbatim}
                            flags <= bxxx010xx
                            flags .gt. bxxx100xx
                            flags .le. b1xxxxxxx
\end{verbatim}

    Notice the use of the x bit value to limit the range of  bits  being
    compared.

    It  is  not necessary to specify the leading (most significant) zero
    (0) bits in the mask, as shown in the second expression above.

    Bit wise AND, OR and NOT operations are  also  possible  on  two  or
    more  bit  fields  using  the  '\&'(AND),  '$|$'(OR),  and the '!'(NOT)
    operators. All of these operators result in a bit  field  which  can
    then be used with the equal operator. For example:


\begin{verbatim}
                          (!flags) == b1101100
                          (flags & b1000001) == bx000001
\end{verbatim}

    Bit  fields can be appended as well using the '+' operator.  Strings
    can be concatenated this way, too.


\subsection{Vector Columns}

    Vector columns can also be used  in  building  the  expression.   No
    special  syntax  is required if one wants to operate on all elements
    of the vector.  Simply use the column name as for a  scalar  column.
    Vector  columns  can  be  freely  intermixed  with scalar columns or
    constants in virtually all expressions.  The result will be  of  the
    same dimension as the vector.  Two vectors in an expression, though,
    need to  have  the  same  number  of  elements  and  have  the  same
    dimensions.

    Arithmetic and logical operations are all performed on an element by
    element basis.  Comparing two vector columns,  eg  "COL1  ==  COL2",
    thus  results  in  another vector of boolean values indicating which
    elements of the two vectors are equal.

    Several functions are available that operate on a vector.  All but
    the last two return a scalar result:

\begin{verbatim}
    "minimum"      MIN(V)          "maximum"               MAX(V)
    "average"      AVERAGE(V)      "median"                MEDIAN(V)
    "summation"    SUM(V)          "standard deviation"    STDDEV(V)
    "# of values"  NELEM(V)        "# of non-null values"  NVALID(V)
    "# axes"       NAXIS(V)        "axis dimension"        NAXES(V,n)
    "axis pos'n"   AXISELEM(V,n)   "vector element pos'n"  ELEMENTNUM(V)
                                   "promote to array"      ARRAY(X,d)
\end{verbatim}
    where V represents the name of a vector column or a manually
    constructed vector using curly brackets as described below.  The
    first 6 of these functions ignore any null values in the vector when
    computing the result.  The STDDEV() function computes the sample
    standard deviation, i.e. it is proportional to 1/SQRT(N-1) instead
    of 1/SQRT(N), where N is NVALID(V).

    The SUM function literally sums all  the elements in x,  returning a
    scalar value.   If V  is  a  boolean  vector, SUM returns the number
    of TRUE elements. The NELEM function  returns the number of elements
    in vector V whereas NVALID return the number of non-null elements in
    the  vector.   (NELEM  also  operates  on  bit  and string  columns,
    returning their column widths.)  As an example, to  test whether all
    elements of two vectors satisfy a  given logical comparison, one can
    use the expression

\begin{verbatim}
              SUM( COL1 > COL2 ) == NELEM( COL1 )
\end{verbatim}

    which will return TRUE if all elements  of  COL1  are  greater  than
    their corresponding elements in COL2.

    The NAXIS(V) function returns the number of axes of the vector,
    for example a 2D array would be NAXIS(V) == 2.  The NAXES(V,n)
    function returns the dimension of axis n, for example a 4x2 array
    would have NAXES(V,1) == 4.  The ELEMENTNUM(V) and AXISELEM(V,n)
    functions return vectors of the same size as the input vector V.
    ELEMENTNUM(V) returns the vector element position for each element
    in the vector, starting from 1 in each row.  The AXISELEM(V,n)
    function is similar but returns the element position of axis n
    only.

    The ARRAY(X,d) function promotes scalar value X to a vector (or
    array) table element.  X may be any scalar-valued item, including
    a column, an expression, or a constant value.  The resulting
    vector or array will have the same scalar value replicated into
    each element position.  This may be a useful way to construct
    large arrays without using the cumbersome \{vector\} notation. The
    dimensions of the new array are given by the second argument, d.
    d can either be a single constant integer value, or a vector of up
    to five dimensions of the form \{Nx,Ny,...\}.  Thus, ARRAY(TIME,4)
    would promote TIME to be a 4-vector, and ARRAY(0, \{2,3,1\}) would
    construct an array of all 0's with dimensions $2\times 3\times 1$.

    A second form of ARRAY(X,d) can be used where X is a vector or
    array, and the dimensions d merely change the dimensions of X
    without changing the total number of vector elements.  This is a
    way to re-dimension an existing array.  For example,
    ARRAY(\{1,2,3,4\},{2,2}) would transform the 4-vector into a
    $2\times 2$ array.

    To  specify  a  single  element  of  a  vector, give the column name
    followed by  a  comma-separated  list  of  coordinates  enclosed  in
    square  brackets.  For example, if a vector column named PHAS exists
    in the table as a one dimensional, 256  component  list  of  numbers
    from  which  you  wanted to select the 57th component for use in the
    expression, then PHAS[57] would do the  trick.   Higher  dimensional
    arrays  of  data  may appear in a column.  But in order to interpret
    them, the TDIMn keyword must appear in the header.  Assuming that  a
    (4,4,4,4)  array  is packed into each row of a column named ARRAY4D,
    the  (1,2,3,4)  component  element  of  each  row  is  accessed   by
    ARRAY4D[1,2,3,4].    Arrays   up   to   dimension  5  are  currently
    supported.  Each vector index can itself be an expression,  although
    it  must  evaluate  to  an  integer  value  within the bounds of the
    vector.  Vector columns which contain spaces or arithmetic operators
    must   have   their   names  enclosed  in  "\$"  characters  as  with
    \$ARRAY-4D\$[1,2,3,4].

    A  more  C-like  syntax  for  specifying  vector  indices  is   also
    available.   The element used in the preceding example alternatively
    could be specified with the syntax  ARRAY4D[4][3][2][1].   Note  the
    reverse  order  of  indices  (as in C), as well as the fact that the
    values are still ones-based (as  in  Fortran  --  adopted  to  avoid
    ambiguity  for  1D vectors).  With this syntax, one does not need to
    specify all of the indices.  To  extract  a  3D  slice  of  this  4D
    array, use ARRAY4D[4].

    Variable-length vector columns are not supported.

    Vectors can  be manually constructed  within the expression  using a
    comma-separated list of  elements surrounded by curly braces ('\{\}').
    For example, '\{1,3,6,1\}' is a 4-element vector containing the values
    1, 3, 6, and 1.  The  vector can contain  only boolean, integer, and
    real values (or expressions).  The elements will  be promoted to the
    highest  data type   present.  Any   elements   which  are themselves
    vectors, will be expanded out with  each of its elements becoming an
    element in the constructed vector.

\subsection{Row Access}

    To access a table entry in a row other  than the current one, follow
    the  column's name  with  a row  offset  within  curly  braces.  For
    example, \verb+PHA{-3}+ will evaluate to the value  of column PHA, 3 rows
    above  the  row currently  being processed.   One  cannot specify an
    absolute row number, only a relative offset.  Rows that fall outside
    the table will be treated as undefined, or NULLs.

    Using the same column name on the left and right side of the equals
    sign while using the \verb+COLUMN{-N}+ notation will not produce the desired
    result.  For example,
\begin{verbatim}
              COUNT = COUNT{-1} + 1;   # BAD - do not use
\end{verbatim}
    will not produce an increasing counter.  Such recursive
    calculations are often not possible with the calculator syntax.  
    However, for cases where the user wishes a row counter, the special 
    variable \verb+#ROW+ can be utilized.

\subsection{Good Time Interval Filtering and Calculation}

    There are two functions for filtering and calculating based
    on Good Time Intervals, or GTIs.  GTIs are commonly used to
    express fragmented time ranges that are not easy to express with a
    single start and stop time.  The time intervals are defined in a
    FITS table extension which contains 2 columns giving the
    start and stop time of each good interval.

    A common filtering method involves selecting rows which have a
    time value which lies within any GTI.  The gtifilter() filtering
    operation accepts only those rows of the input table which have an
    associated time which falls within one of the time intervals
    defined in a separate GTI extension.  gtifilter(a,b,c,d) evaluates
    each row of the input table and returns TRUE or FALSE depending
    whether the row is inside or outside the good time interval.  The
    syntax is

\begin{verbatim}
      gtifilter( [ "gtifile" [, expr [, "STARTCOL", "STOPCOL" ] ] ] )
    or
      gtifilter( [ 'gtifile' [, expr [, 'STARTCOL', 'STOPCOL' ] ] ] )
\end{verbatim}
    where  each "[]" demarks optional parameters.  Note that  the quotes
    around the gtifile and START/STOP column are required.  Either single
    or double quotes may be used.  In cases where this expression is
    entered on the Unix command line, enclose the entire expression in
    double quotes, and then use single quotes within the expression to
    enclose the 'gtifile' and other terms.  It is also usually possible
    to do the reverse, and enclose the whole expression in single quotes
    and then use double quotes within the expression.  The gtifile,
    if specified,  can be blank  ("") which will  mean to use  the first
    extension  with   the name "*GTI*"  in   the current  file,  a plain
    extension  specifier (eg, "+2",  "[2]", or "[STDGTI]") which will be
    used  to  select  an extension  in  the current  file, or  a regular
    filename with or without an extension  specifier which in the latter
    case  will mean to  use the first  extension  with an extension name
    "*GTI*".  Expr can be   any arithmetic expression, including  simply
    the time  column  name.  A  vector  time expression  will  produce a
    vector boolean  result.  STARTCOL and  STOPCOL are the  names of the
    START/STOP   columns in the    GTI extension.  If   one  of them  is
    specified, they both  must be.

    In  its  simplest form, no parameters need to be provided -- default
    values will be used.  The expression "gtifilter()" is equivalent to

\begin{verbatim}
       gtifilter( "", TIME, "*START*", "*STOP*" )
\end{verbatim}
    This will search the current file for a GTI  extension,  filter  the
    TIME  column in the current table, using START/STOP times taken from
    columns in the GTI  extension  with  names  containing  the  strings
    "START"  and "STOP".  The wildcards ('*') allow slight variations in
    naming conventions  such  as  "TSTART"  or  "STARTTIME".   The  same
    default  values  apply for unspecified parameters when the first one
    or  two  parameters  are  specified.   The  function   automatically
    searches   for   TIMEZERO/I/F   keywords  in  the  current  and  GTI
    extensions, applying a relative time offset, if necessary.

    The related function, gtifind(a,b,c,d), is similar to gtifilter()
    but instead of returning true/false, gtifind() returns the GTI
    number that brackets the requested time sample.  gtifind() returns
    the row number in the GTI table that matches the time sample, or
    -1 if the time sample is not within any GTI.  gtifind() is
    particularly useful when entries in a table must be categorized by
    which GTI the fall within.  For example, if events in an event
    list must be separated by good time interval.  The results of
    gtifind() can be used with histogram binning techniques to bin an
    event list by which GTI.
    
\begin{verbatim}
      gtifind( "gtifile" , expr [, "STARTCOL", "STOPCOL" ] )
\end{verbatim}

    The requirements for specifying the gtifile are the same as for
    gtifilter() as described above.  Like gtifilter(), the expr is
    the time-like expression and is optional (defaulting to TIME).
    The start and stop columns default to START and STOP.

    The function, gtioverlap(a,b,c,d,e), computes the overlap
    between a user-requested time range and the entries in a GTI.  The
    cases of no overlap, partial overlap, or overlap of many GTIs
    within the user requested range are handled.  gtioverlap() is very
    useful for calculating exposure times and fractional exposures of
    individual time bins, say for a light curve.  The syntax of
    gtioverlap() is

\begin{verbatim}
      gtioverlap( "gtifile" , startExpr, stopExpr [, "STARTCOL", "STOPCOL" ] )
    or
      gtioverlap( 'gtifile' , startExpr, stopExpr [, 'STARTCOL', 'STOPCOL' ] )
\end{verbatim}

    The requirements for specifying the gtifile are the same as for
    gtifilter() as described above.  Unlike gtifilter(), the startExpr
    and stopExpr are not optional.  startExpr provides a start of the
    user requested time interval.  startExpr is typically TIME, but
    can be any valid expression.  Likewise, stopExpr provides the stop
    of the user requested time interval, and can be an expression.
    For example, for a light curve with a TIME column and time bin
    size of 1.0 seconds, the expression

\begin{verbatim}
      gtioverlap('gtifile',TIME,TIME+1.0)
\end{verbatim}

    would calculate the amount of overlap exposure time between each
    one second time bin and the GTI in 'gtifile'.  In this case the
    time bin is assumed to begin at the time specified by TIME and end
    1 second later.  Neither startExpr nor stopExpr are required to be
    constant, and a light curve is not required to have a constant bin
    size.  For tables, the overlap is calculated for each entry in the
    table.

    It is also possible to calculate a single overlap value, which
    would typically be placed in a keyword.  For example, a way to to
    compute the total overlap exposure of a file whose TIME column is
    bounded by the keywords TSTART and TSTOP, overlapping with the
    specified GTI, would be

\begin{verbatim}
      #EXPOSURE = gtioverlap('gtifile',#TSTART,#TSTOP)
\end{verbatim}

    The \verb+#EXPOSURE+ syntax with a leading \+#+ ensures that the 
    requested values are treated as keywords.  Otherwise, a column
    named EXPOSURE will be created with the (constant) exposure value
    in each entry.  


\subsection{Spatial Region Filtering}

    Another common  filtering method selects rows based on whether the
    spatial position associated with each row is located within a given
    2-dimensional region.  The syntax for this high-level filter is

\begin{verbatim}
       regfilter( "regfilename" [ , Xexpr, Yexpr [ , "wcs cols" ] ] )
\end{verbatim}
    where each "[]" demarks optional parameters. The region file name
    is required and must be  enclosed in quotes.  The remaining
    parameters are optional.  There are 2 supported formats for the
    region file: ASCII file or FITS binary table.  The region file
    contains a list of one or more geometric shapes (circle,
    ellipse, box, etc.) which defines a region on the celestial sphere
    or an area within a particular 2D image.  The region file is
    typically generated using an image display program such as fv/POW
    (distribute by the HEASARC), or ds9 (distributed by the Smithsonian
    Astrophysical Observatory).  Users should refer to the documentation
    provided with these programs for more details on the syntax used in
    the region files.  The FITS region file format is defined in a document
    available from the FITS Support Office at
    http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/ registry/ region.html

    In its simplest form, (e.g., regfilter("region.reg") ) the
    coordinates in the default 'X' and 'Y' columns will be used to
    determine if each row is inside or outside the area specified in
    the region file.  Alternate position column names, or expressions,
    may be entered if needed, as in

\begin{verbatim}
        regfilter("region.reg", XPOS, YPOS)
\end{verbatim}
    Region filtering can be applied most unambiguously if the positions
    in the region file and in the table to be filtered are both give in
    terms of absolute celestial coordinate units.  In this case the
    locations and sizes of the geometric shapes in the region file are
    specified in angular units on the sky (e.g., positions given in
    R.A. and Dec.  and sizes in arcseconds or arcminutes).  Similarly,
    each row of the filtered table will have a celestial coordinate
    associated with it.  This association is usually implemented using
    a set of so-called 'World Coordinate System' (or WCS) FITS keywords
    that define the coordinate transformation that must be applied to
    the values in the 'X' and 'Y' columns to calculate the coordinate.

    Alternatively, one can perform spatial filtering using unitless
    'pixel' coordinates for the regions and row positions.  In this
    case the user must be careful to ensure that the positions in the 2
    files are self-consistent.  A typical problem is that the region
    file may be generated using a binned image, but the unbinned
    coordinates are given in the event table.  The ROSAT events files,
    for example, have X and Y pixel coordinates that range from 1 -
    15360.  These coordinates are typically binned by a factor of 32 to
    produce a 480x480 pixel image.  If one then uses a region file
    generated from this image (in image pixel units) to filter the
    ROSAT events file, then the X and Y column values must be converted
    to corresponding pixel units as in:

\begin{verbatim}
        regfilter("rosat.reg", X/32.+.5, Y/32.+.5)
\end{verbatim}
    Note that this binning conversion is not necessary if the region
    file is specified using celestial coordinate units instead of pixel
    units because CFITSIO is then able to directly compare the
    celestial coordinate of each row in the table with the celestial
    coordinates in the region file without having to know anything
    about how the image may have been binned.

    The last "wcs cols" parameter should rarely be needed. If supplied,
    this  string contains the names of the 2 columns (space or comma
    separated) which have the associated WCS keywords. If not supplied,
    the filter  will scan the X  and Y expressions for column names.
    If only one is found in each  expression, those columns will be
    used, otherwise an error will be returned.

    These region shapes are supported (names are case insensitive):

\begin{verbatim}
       Point         ( X1, Y1 )               <- One pixel square region
       Line          ( X1, Y1, X2, Y2 )       <- One pixel wide region
       Polygon       ( X1, Y1, X2, Y2, ... )  <- Rest are interiors with
       Rectangle     ( X1, Y1, X2, Y2, A )       | boundaries considered
       Box           ( Xc, Yc, Wdth, Hght, A )   V within the region
       Diamond       ( Xc, Yc, Wdth, Hght, A )
       Circle        ( Xc, Yc, R )
       Annulus       ( Xc, Yc, Rin, Rout )
       Ellipse       ( Xc, Yc, Rx, Ry, A )
       Elliptannulus ( Xc, Yc, Rinx, Riny, Routx, Routy, Ain, Aout )
       Sector        ( Xc, Yc, Amin, Amax )
\end{verbatim}
    where (Xc,Yc) is  the coordinate of  the shape's center; (X\#,Y\#) are
    the coordinates  of the shape's edges;  Rxxx are the shapes' various
    Radii or semimajor/minor  axes; and Axxx  are the angles of rotation
    (or bounding angles for Sector) in degrees.  For rotated shapes, the
    rotation angle  can  be left  off, indicating  no rotation.   Common
    alternate  names for the regions  can also be  used: rotbox = box;
    rotrectangle = rectangle;  (rot)rhombus = (rot)diamond;  and pie
    = sector.  When a  shape's name is  preceded by a minus sign, '-',
    the defined region  is instead the area  *outside* its boundary (ie,
    the region is inverted).  All the shapes within a single region
    file are OR'd together to create the region, and the order is
    significant. The overall way of looking at region files is that if
    the first region is an excluded region then a dummy included region
    of the whole detector is inserted in the front. Then each region
    specification as it is processed overrides any selections inside of
    that region specified by previous regions. Another way of thinking
    about this is that if a previous excluded region is completely
    inside of a subsequent included region the excluded region is
    ignored.

    The positional coordinates may be given either in pixel units,
    decimal degrees or hh:mm:ss.s, dd:mm:ss.s units.  The shape sizes
    may be given in pixels, degrees, arcminutes, or arcseconds.  Look
    at examples of region file produced by fv/POW or ds9 for further
    details of the region file format.

    There are three low-level  functions that are primarily for use with
    regfilter function, but they  can  be  called  directly.  They
    return  a  boolean true   or  false  depending   on  whether a   two
    dimensional point is in the region or not.  The positional coordinates
    must be given in pixel units:

\begin{verbatim}
    "point in a circular region"
          circle(xcntr,ycntr,radius,Xcolumn,Ycolumn)

    "point in an elliptical region"
         ellipse(xcntr,ycntr,xhlf_wdth,yhlf_wdth,rotation,Xcolumn,Ycolumn)

    "point in a rectangular region"
             box(xcntr,ycntr,xfll_wdth,yfll_wdth,rotation,Xcolumn,Ycolumn)

    where
       (xcntr,ycntr) are the (x,y) position of the center of the region
       (xhlf_wdth,yhlf_wdth) are the (x,y) half widths of the region
       (xfll_wdth,yfll_wdth) are the (x,y) full widths of the region
       (radius) is half the diameter of the circle
       (rotation) is the angle(degrees) that the region is rotated with
             respect to (xcntr,ycntr)
       (Xcoord,Ycoord) are the (x,y) coordinates to test, usually column
             names
       NOTE: each parameter can itself be an expression, not merely a
             column name or constant.
\end{verbatim}


\subsection{Example Row Filters}

\begin{verbatim}
    [ binary && mag <= 5.0]        - Extract all binary stars brighter
                                     than  fifth magnitude (note that
                                     the initial space is necessary to
                                     prevent it from being treated as a
                                     binning specification)

    [#row >= 125 && #row <= 175]   - Extract row numbers 125 through 175

    [IMAGE[4,5] .gt. 100]          - Extract all rows that have the
                                     (4,5) component of the IMAGE column
                                     greater than 100

    [abs(sin(theta * #deg)) < 0.5] - Extract all rows having the
                                     absolute value of the sine of theta
                                     less  than a half where the angles
                                     are tabulated in degrees

    [SUM( SPEC > 3*BACKGRND )>=1]  - Extract all rows containing a
                                     spectrum, held in vector column
                                     SPEC, with at least one value 3
                                     times greater than the background
                                     level held in a keyword, BACKGRND

    [VCOL=={1,4,2}]                - Extract all rows whose vector column
                                     VCOL contains the 3-elements 1, 4, and
                                     2.

    [@rowFilter.txt]               - Extract rows using the expression
                                     contained within the text file
                                     rowFilter.txt

    [gtifilter()]                  - Search the current file for a GTI
				     extension,  filter  the TIME
				     column in the current table, using
				     START/STOP times taken from
				     columns in the GTI  extension

    [regfilter("pow.reg")]         - Extract rows which have a coordinate
                                     (as given in the X and Y columns)
                                     within the spatial region specified
                                     in the pow.reg region file.

    [regfilter("pow.reg", Xs, Ys)] - Same as above, except that the
                                     Xs and Ys columns will be used to
                                     determine the coordinate of each
                                     row in the table.
\end{verbatim}


\section{ Binning or Histogramming Specification}

The optional binning specifier is enclosed in square brackets and can
be distinguished from a general row filter specification by the fact
that it begins with the keyword 'bin'  not immediately followed by an
equals sign.  When binning is specified, a temporary N-dimensional FITS
primary array is created by computing the histogram of the values in
the specified columns of a FITS table extension.  After the histogram
is computed the input FITS file containing the table is then closed and
the temporary FITS primary array is opened and passed to the
application program.  Thus, the application program never sees the
original FITS table and only sees the image in the new temporary file
(which has no additional extensions).  Obviously, the application
program must be expecting to open a FITS image and not a FITS table in
this case.

The data type of the FITS histogram image may be specified by appending
'b' (for 8-bit byte), 'i' (for 16-bit integers), 'j' (for 32-bit
integer), 'r' (for 32-bit floating points), or 'd' (for 64-bit double
precision floating point)  to the 'bin' keyword (e.g. '[binr X]'
creates a real floating point image).  If the data type is not
explicitly specified then a 32-bit integer image will be created by
default, unless the weighting option is also specified in which case
the image will have a 32-bit floating point data type by default.

The histogram image may have from 1 to 4 dimensions (axes), depending
on the number of columns that are specified.  The general form of the
binning specification is:

\begin{verbatim}
 [bin{bijrd}  Xcol=min:max:binsize, Ycol= ..., Zcol=..., Tcol=...; weight]
\end{verbatim}
in which up to 4 columns, each corresponding to an axis of the image,
are listed. The column names are case insensitive, and the column
number may be given instead of the name, preceded by a pound sign
(e.g., [bin \#4=1:512]).  If the column name is not specified, then
CFITSIO will first try to use the 'preferred column' as specified by
the CPREF keyword if it exists (e.g., 'CPREF = 'DETX,DETY'), otherwise
column names 'X', 'Y', 'Z', and 'T' will be assumed for each of the 4
axes, respectively.  In cases where the column name could be confused
with an arithmetic expression, enclose the column name in parentheses to
force the name to be interpreted literally.

In addition to binning by a FITS column, any arbitrary calculator
expression may be specified as well.  Usage of this form would appear
as:

\begin{verbatim}
 [bin  Xcol(arbitrary expression)=min:max:binsize, ... ]
\end{verbatim}

The column name must still be specified, and is used to label
coordinate axes of the resulting image.  The expression appears
immediately after the name, enclosed in parentheses.  The expression
may use any combination of columns, keywords, functions and constants
and allowed by the CFITSIO calculator.

The column name (and optional expression) may be followed by an equals
sign and then the lower and upper range of the histogram, and the size
of the histogram bins, separated by colons.  Spaces are allowed before
and after the equals sign but not within the 'min:max:binsize' string.
The min, max and binsize values may be integer or floating point
numbers, or they may be the names of keywords in the header of the
table.  If the latter, then the value of that keyword is substituted
into the expression.

Default values for the min, max and binsize quantities will be
used if not explicitly given in the binning expression as shown
in these examples:

\begin{verbatim}
    [bin x = :512:2]  - use default minimum value
    [bin x = 1::2]    - use default maximum value
    [bin x = 1:512]   - use default bin size
    [bin x = 1:]      - use default maximum value and bin size
    [bin x = :512]    - use default minimum value and bin size
    [bin x = 2]       - use default minimum and maximum values
    [bin x]           - use default minimum, maximum and bin size
    [bin 4]           - default 2-D image, bin size = 4 in both axes
    [bin]             - default 2-D image
\end{verbatim}
CFITSIO  will use the value of the TLMINn, TLMAXn, and TDBINn keywords,
if they exist, for the default min, max, and binsize, respectively.  If
they do not exist then CFITSIO will use the actual minimum and maximum
values in the column for the histogram min and max values.  The default
binsize will be set to 1, or (max - min) / 10., whichever is smaller,
so that the histogram will have at least 10 bins along each axis.

Please note that if explicit min and max values (or TLMINn/TLMAXn keywords)
are not present, then CFITSIO must check every value of the binned quantity
in advance to determine the binning limits.  This is especially relevant 
for binning expressions, which must be evaluated multiple times to determine
the limits of the expression.  Thus, it is always advisable to specify 
min and max limits where possible.

A shortcut notation is allowed if all the columns/axes have the same
binning specification.  In this case all the column names may be listed
within parentheses, followed by the (single) binning specification, as
in:

\begin{verbatim}
    [bin (X,Y)=1:512:2]
    [bin (X,Y) = 5]
\end{verbatim}

The optional weighting factor is the last item in the binning
specifier and, if present, is separated from the list of columns by a
semi-colon.  As the histogram is accumulated, this weight is used to
incremented the value of the appropriated bin in the histogram.  If
the weighting factor is not specified, then the default weight = 1 is
assumed.  The weighting factor may be a constant integer or floating
point number, or the name of a keyword containing the weighting value.
The weighting factor may also be the name of a table column in which
case the value in that column, on a row by row basis, will be used.
It may also be an expression, enclosed in parenthesis, in which case
the weighting value will be evaluated for each binned row and applied
accordingly.

In some cases, the column or keyword may give the reciprocal of the
actual weight value that is needed.  In this case, precede the weight
keyword or column name by a slash '/' to tell CFITSIO to use the
reciprocal of the value when constructing the histogram.  An expression,
enclosed in parentheses, may also appear after the slash, to
indicate the reciprocal value of the expression.

For complex or commonly used histograms, one can also place its
description into a text file and import it into the binning
specification using the syntax [bin @filename.txt].  The file's
contents can extend over multiple lines, although it must still
conform to the no-spaces rule for the min:max:binsize syntax and each
axis specification must still be comma-separated.  Any lines in the
external text file that begin with 2 slash characters ('//') will be
ignored and may be used to add comments into the file.

 Examples:


\begin{verbatim}
    [bini detx, dety]                - 2-D, 16-bit integer histogram
                                       of DETX and DETY columns, using
                                       default values for the histogram
                                       range and binsize

    [bin (detx, dety)=16; /exposure] - 2-D, 32-bit real histogram of DETX
                                       and DETY columns with a bin size = 16
                                       in both axes. The histogram values
                                       are divided by the EXPOSURE keyword
                                       value.

    [bin time=TSTART:TSTOP:0.1]      - 1-D lightcurve, range determined by
                                       the TSTART and TSTOP keywords,
                                       with 0.1 unit size bins.

    [bin pha, time=8000.:8100.:0.1]  - 2-D image using default binning
                                       of the PHA column for the X axis,
                                       and 1000 bins in the range
                                       8000. to 8100. for the Y axis.

    [bin pha, gti_num(gtifind())=1:2:1] - a 2-D image, where PHA is the
                                       X axis and the Y axis is an expression
                                       which evaluates to the GTI number, 
                                       as determined using the
                                       GTIFIND() function.

    [bin time=0:4000:2000, HR( (LC2/LC1).lt.1.5 ? 1 : 2 )=1:2:1] - a 2-D
                                       histogram which determines the number
                                       of samples in two time bins between 0 and
                                       4000 and separating hardness ratio, 
                                       evaluated as (LC2/LC1), between less than
                                       1.5 or greater than 1.5.  The ?: 
                                       conditional function is used to decide
                                       less (or greater) than 1.5 and assign
                                       HR bin 1 or 2.

    [bin @binFilter.txt]             - Use the contents of the text file
                                       binFilter.txt for the binning
                                       specifications.

\end{verbatim}
\chapter{Template Files }

When a new FITS file is created with a call to fits\_create\_file, the
name of a template file may be supplied in parentheses immediately
following the name of the new file to be created.  This template is
used to define the structure of one or more HDUs in the new file.  The
template file may be another FITS file, in which case the newly created
file will have exactly the same keywords in each HDU as in the template
FITS file, but all the data units will be filled with zeros.  The
template file may also be an ASCII text file, where each line (in
general) describes one FITS keyword record.  The format of the ASCII
template file is described in the following sections.


\section{Detailed Template Line Format}

The format of each ASCII template line closely follows the format of a
FITS keyword record:

\begin{verbatim}
  KEYWORD = KEYVALUE / COMMENT
\end{verbatim}
except that free format may be used (e.g., the equals sign may appear
at any position in the line) and TAB characters are allowed and are
treated the same as space characters.  The KEYVALUE and COMMENT fields
are optional.  The equals sign character is also optional, but it is
recommended that it be included for clarity.  Any template line that
begins with the pound '\#' character is ignored by the template parser
and may be use to insert comments into the template file itself.

The KEYWORD name field is limited to 8 characters in length and only
the letters A-Z, digits 0-9, and the hyphen and underscore characters
may be used, without any embedded spaces. Lowercase letters in the
template keyword name will be converted to uppercase.  Leading spaces
in the template line preceding the keyword name are generally ignored,
except if the first 8 characters of a template line are all blank, then
the entire line is treated as a FITS comment keyword (with a blank
keyword name) and is copied verbatim into the FITS header.

The KEYVALUE field may have any allowed  FITS  data type: character
string, logical, integer, real, complex integer, or complex real.  Integer
values must be within the allowed range of a 'signed long' variable;
some C compilers only suppport 4-byte long integers with a range
from -2147483648 to +2147483647, whereas other C compilers support 8-byte
integers with a range of plus or minus 2**63.

The character string values need not be enclosed in single quote characters
unless they are necessary to distinguish the string from a different
data type (e.g.  2.0 is a real but '2.0' is a string).  The keyword has
an undefined (null) value if the template record only contains blanks
following the "=" or between the "=" and the "/" comment field
delimiter.

String keyword values longer than 68 characters (the maximum length
that will fit in a single FITS keyword record) are permitted using the
CFITSIO long string convention. They can either be specified as a
single long line in the template, or by using multiple lines where the
continuing lines contain the 'CONTINUE' keyword, as in this example:

\begin{verbatim}
  LONGKEY = 'This is a long string value that is contin&'
  CONTINUE  'ued over 2 records' / comment field goes here
\end{verbatim}
The format of template lines with CONTINUE keyword is very strict:  3
spaces must follow CONTINUE and the rest of the line is copied verbatim
to the FITS file.

The start of the optional COMMENT field must be preceded by "/", which
is used to separate it from the keyword value field. Exceptions are if
the KEYWORD name field contains COMMENT, HISTORY, CONTINUE, or if the
first 8 characters of the template line are blanks.

More than one Header-Data Unit (HDU) may be defined in the template
file.  The start of an HDU definition is denoted with a SIMPLE or
XTENSION template line:

1) SIMPLE begins a Primary HDU definition. SIMPLE may only appear as
the  first keyword in the template file. If the template file begins
with XTENSION instead of SIMPLE, then a default empty Primary HDU is
created, and the template is then assumed to define the keywords
starting with the first extension following the Primary HDU.

2) XTENSION marks the beginning of a new extension HDU definition.  The
previous HDU will be closed at this point and processing of the next
extension begins.


\section{Auto-indexing of Keywords}

If a template keyword name ends with a "\#" character, it is said to be
'auto-indexed'.   Each "\#" character will be replaced by the current
integer index value, which gets reset = 1 at the start of each new HDU
in the file (or 7 in the special case of a GROUP definition).  The
FIRST indexed keyword in each template HDU definition is used as the
'incrementor';  each subsequent occurrence of this SAME keyword will
cause the index value to be incremented.  This behavior can be rather
subtle, as illustrated in the following examples in which the TTYPE
keyword is the incrementor in both cases:

\begin{verbatim}
  TTYPE# = TIME
  TFORM# = 1D
  TTYPE# = RATE
  TFORM# = 1E
\end{verbatim}
will create TTYPE1, TFORM1, TTYPE2, and TFORM2 keywords.  But if the
template looks like,

\begin{verbatim}
  TTYPE# = TIME
  TTYPE# = RATE
  TFORM# = 1D
  TFORM# = 1E
\end{verbatim}
this results in a FITS files with  TTYPE1, TTYPE2, TFORM2, and TFORM2,
which is probably not what was intended!


\section{Template Parser Directives}

In addition to the template lines which define individual keywords, the
template parser recognizes 3 special directives which are each preceded
by the backslash character:  \verb+ \include, \group+, and \verb+ \end+.

The 'include' directive must be followed by a filename. It forces the
parser to temporarily stop reading the current template file and begin
reading the include file. Once the parser reaches the end of the
include file it continues parsing the current template file.  Include
files can be nested, and HDU definitions can span multiple template
files.

The start of a GROUP definition is denoted with the 'group' directive,
and the end of a GROUP definition is denoted with the 'end' directive.
Each GROUP contains 0 or more member blocks (HDUs or GROUPs). Member
blocks of type GROUP can contain their own member blocks. The GROUP
definition itself occupies one FITS file HDU of special type (GROUP
HDU), so if a template specifies 1 group with 1 member HDU like:

\begin{verbatim}
\group
grpdescr = 'demo'
xtension bintable
# this bintable has 0 cols, 0 rows
\end
\end{verbatim}
then the parser creates a FITS file with 3 HDUs :

\begin{verbatim}
1) dummy PHDU
2) GROUP HDU (has 1 member, which is bintable in HDU number 3)
3) bintable (member of GROUP in HDU number 2)
\end{verbatim}
Technically speaking, the GROUP HDU is a BINTABLE with 6 columns. Applications
can define additional columns in a GROUP HDU using TFORMn and TTYPEn
(where n is 7, 8, ....) keywords or their auto-indexing equivalents.

For a more complicated example of a template file using the group directives,
look at the sample.tpl file that is included in the CFITSIO distribution.


\section{Formal Template Syntax}

The template syntax can formally be defined as follows:

\begin{verbatim}
    TEMPLATE = BLOCK [ BLOCK ... ]

       BLOCK = { HDU | GROUP }

       GROUP = \GROUP [ BLOCK ... ] \END

         HDU = XTENSION [ LINE ... ] { XTENSION | \GROUP | \END | EOF }

        LINE = [ KEYWORD [ = ] ] [ VALUE ] [ / COMMENT ]

    X ...     - X can be present 1 or more times
    { X | Y } - X or Y
    [ X ]     - X is optional
\end{verbatim}

At the topmost level, the template defines 1 or more template blocks. Blocks
can be either HDU (Header Data Unit) or a GROUP. For each block the parser
creates 1 (or more for GROUPs) FITS file HDUs.



\section{Errors}

In general the fits\_execute\_template() function tries to be as atomic
as possible, so either everything is done or nothing is done. If an
error occurs during parsing of the template, fits\_execute\_template()
will (try to) delete the top level BLOCK (with all its children if any)
in which the error occurred, then it will stop reading the template file
and it will return with an error.


\section{Examples}

1. This template file will create a 200 x 300 pixel image, with 4-byte
integer pixel values, in the primary HDU:

\begin{verbatim}
  SIMPLE = T
  BITPIX = 32
  NAXIS = 2     / number of dimensions
  NAXIS1 = 100  / length of first axis
  NAXIS2 = 200  / length of second axis
  OBJECT = NGC 253 / name of observed object
\end{verbatim}
The allowed values of BITPIX are 8, 16, 32, -32, or -64,
representing, respectively, 8-bit integer, 16-bit integer, 32-bit
integer, 32-bit floating point, or 64 bit floating point pixels.

2.  To create a FITS  table, the template first needs to include
XTENSION = TABLE or BINTABLE to define whether it is an ASCII or binary
table, and NAXIS2 to define the number of rows in the table.  Two
template lines are then needed to define the name (TTYPEn) and FITS data
format (TFORMn) of the columns, as in this example:

\begin{verbatim}
  xtension = bintable
  naxis2 = 40
  ttype# = Name
  tform# = 10a
  ttype# = Npoints
  tform# = j
  ttype# = Rate
  tunit# = counts/s
  tform# = e
\end{verbatim}
The above example defines a null primary array followed by a 40-row
binary table extension with 3 columns called 'Name', 'Npoints', and
'Rate', with data formats of '10A' (ASCII character string), '1J'
(integer) and '1E' (floating point), respectively.  Note that the other
required FITS keywords (BITPIX, NAXIS, NAXIS1, PCOUNT, GCOUNT, TFIELDS,
and END) do not need to be explicitly defined in the template because
their values can be inferred from the other keywords in the template.
This example also illustrates that the templates are generally
case-insensitive (the keyword names and TFORMn values are converted to
upper-case in the FITS file) and that string keyword values generally
do not need to be enclosed in quotes.

\chapter{  Local FITS Conventions }

CFITSIO supports several local FITS conventions which are not
defined in the official FITS standard and which are not
necessarily recognized or supported by other FITS software packages.
Programmers should be cautious about using these features, especially
if the FITS files that are produced are expected to be processed by
other software systems which do not use the CFITSIO interface.


\section{64-Bit Long Integers}

CFITSIO supports reading and writing FITS images or table columns containing
64-bit integer data values. Support for 64-bit integers was added to the
official FITS Standard in December 2005.
 FITS 64-bit images have BITPIX =
64, and the 64-bit binary table columns have TFORMn = 'K'.  CFITSIO also
supports the 'Q' variable-length array table column format which is
analogous to the 'P' column format except that the array descriptor
is stored as a pair of 64-bit integers.

For the convenience of C programmers, the fitsio.h include file
defines (with a typedef statement) the 'LONGLONG' datatype to be
equivalent to an appropriate 64-bit integer datatype on each platform.
Since there is currently no universal standard
for the name of the 64-bit integer datatype (it might be defined as
'long long', 'long', or '\_\_int64' depending on the platform)
C programmers may prefer to use the 'LONGLONG' datatype when
declaring or allocating 64-bit integer quantities when writing
code which needs to run on multiple platforms.
Note that CFITSIO will implicitly convert the datatype when reading
or writing FITS 64-bit integer images and columns with data arrays of
a different integer or floating point datatype, but there is an
increased risk of loss of numerical precision or
numerical overflow  in this case.


\section{Long String Keyword Values.}

The length of a standard FITS string keyword is limited to 68
characters because it must fit entirely within a single FITS header
keyword record.  In some instances it is necessary to encode strings
longer than this limit, so CFITSIO supports a local convention in which
the string value is continued over multiple keywords.  This
continuation convention uses an ampersand character at the end of each
substring to indicate that it is continued on the next keyword, and the
continuation keywords all have the name CONTINUE without an equal sign
in column 9. The string value may be continued in this way over as many
additional CONTINUE keywords as is required.  The following lines
illustrate this continuation convention which is used in the value of
the STRKEY keyword:

\begin{verbatim}
LONGSTRN= 'OGIP 1.0'    / The OGIP Long String Convention may be used.
STRKEY  = 'This is a very long string keyword&'  / Optional Comment
CONTINUE  ' value that is continued over 3 keywords in the &  '
CONTINUE  'FITS header.' / This is another optional comment.
\end{verbatim}
It is recommended that the LONGSTRN keyword, as shown here, always be
included in any HDU that uses this longstring convention as a warning
to any software that must read the keywords.  A routine called fits\_write\_key\_longwarn
has been provided in CFITSIO to write this keyword if it does not
already exist.

This long string convention is supported by the following CFITSIO
routines:

\begin{verbatim}
    fits_write_key_longstr  - write a long string keyword value
    fits_insert_key_longstr - insert a long string keyword value
    fits_modify_key_longstr - modify a long string keyword value
    fits_update_key_longstr - modify a long string keyword value
    fits_read_key_longstr   - read  a long string keyword value
    fits_delete_key         - delete a keyword
\end{verbatim}
The fits\_read\_key\_longstr routine is unique among all the CFITSIO
routines in that it internally allocates memory for the long string
value;  all the other CFITSIO routines that deal with arrays require
that the calling program pre-allocate adequate space to hold the array
of data.  Consequently, programs which use the fits\_read\_key\_longstr
routine must be careful to free the allocated memory for the string
when it is no longer needed.

The following 2 routines also have limited support for this long string
convention,

\begin{verbatim}
      fits_modify_key_str - modify an existing string keyword value
      fits_update_key_str - update a string keyword value
\end{verbatim}
in that they will correctly overwrite an existing long string value,
but the new string value is limited to a maximum of 68 characters in
length.

The more commonly used CFITSIO routines to write string valued keywords
(fits\_update\_key and fits\_write\_key) do not support this long
string convention and only support strings up to 68 characters in
length.  This has been done deliberately to prevent programs from
inadvertently writing keywords using this non-standard convention
without the explicit intent of the programmer or user.   The
fits\_write\_key\_longstr routine must be called instead to write long
strings.  This routine can also be used to write ordinary string values
less than 68 characters in length.


\section{Arrays of Fixed-Length Strings in Binary Tables}

CFITSIO supports 2 ways to specify that a character column in a binary
table contains an array of fixed-length strings.  The first way, which
is officially supported by the FITS Standard document, uses the TDIMn keyword.
For example, if TFORMn = '60A' and TDIMn = '(12,5)' then that
column will be interpreted as containing an array of 5 strings, each 12
characters long.

CFITSIO also supports a
local convention for the format of the TFORMn keyword value of the form
'rAw' where 'r' is an integer specifying the total width in characters
of the column, and 'w' is an integer specifying the (fixed) length of
an individual unit string within the vector.  For example, TFORM1 =
'120A10' would indicate that the binary table column is 120 characters
wide and consists of 12 10-character length strings.  This convention
is recognized by the CFITSIO routines that read or write strings in
binary tables.   The Binary Table definition document specifies that
other optional characters may follow the data type code in the TFORM
keyword, so this local convention is in compliance with the
FITS standard although other FITS readers may not
recognize this convention.



\section{Keyword Units Strings}

One limitation of the current FITS Standard is that it does not define
a specific convention for recording the physical units of a keyword
value.  The TUNITn keyword can be used to specify the physical units of
the values in a table column, but there is no analogous convention for
keyword values.  The comment field of the keyword is often used for
this purpose, but the units are usually not specified in a well defined
format that FITS readers can easily recognize and extract.

To solve this problem, CFITSIO uses a local convention in which the
keyword units are enclosed in square brackets as the first token in the
keyword comment field; more specifically, the opening square bracket
immediately follows the slash '/' comment field delimiter and a single
space character.  The following examples illustrate keywords that use
this convention:


\begin{verbatim}
EXPOSURE=               1800.0 / [s] elapsed exposure time
V_HELIO =                16.23 / [km s**(-1)] heliocentric velocity
LAMBDA  =                5400. / [angstrom] central wavelength
FLUX    = 4.9033487787637465E-30 / [J/cm**2/s] average flux
\end{verbatim}

In general, the units named in the IAU(1988) Style Guide are
recommended, with the main exception that the preferred unit for angle
is 'deg' for degrees.

The fits\_read\_key\_unit and fits\_write\_key\_unit routines in
CFITSIO read and write, respectively, the keyword unit strings in an
existing keyword.


\section{HIERARCH Convention for Extended Keyword Names}

CFITSIO supports the HIERARCH keyword convention which allows keyword
names that are longer than 8 characters.  This convention
was developed at the European Southern Observatory (ESO) and allows characters
consisting of digits 0-9, upper case letters A-Z, the dash '-' and the underscore '\_'.
The components of hierarchical keywords are separated by a single ASCII space charater.
For instance:

\begin{verbatim}
HIERARCH ESO INS FOCU POS = -0.00002500 / Focus position
\end{verbatim}
Basically, this convention uses the FITS keyword 'HIERARCH' to indicate
that this convention is being used, then the actual keyword name
({\tt'ESO INS FOCU POS'} in this example) begins in column 10.  The
equals sign marks the end of the keyword name and is followed by the
usual value and comment fields just as in standard FITS keywords.
Further details of this convention are described at
http://fits.gsfc.nasa.gov/registry/hierarch\_keyword.html
and in Section 4.4 of the ESO Data Interface Control Document that
is linked to from
http://archive.eso.org/cms/tools-documentation/eso-data-interface-control.html.

This convention allows a broader range of keyword names
than is allowed by the FITS Standard.  Here are more examples
of such keywords:

\begin{verbatim}
HIERARCH LONGKEYWORD = 47.5 / Keyword has > 8 characters
HIERARCH LONG-KEY_WORD2 = 52.3 / Long keyword with hyphen, underscore and digit
HIERARCH EARTH IS A STAR = F / Keyword contains embedded spaces
\end{verbatim}
CFITSIO will transparently read and write these keywords, so application
programs do not in general need to know anything about the specific
implementation details of the HIERARCH convention.  In particular,
application programs do not need to specify the `HIERARCH' part of the
keyword name when reading or writing keywords (although it
may be included if desired).  When writing a keyword, CFITSIO first
checks to see if the keyword name is legal as a standard FITS keyword
(no more than 8 characters long and containing only letters, digits, or
a minus sign or underscore). If so it writes it as a standard FITS
keyword, otherwise it uses the hierarch convention to write the
keyword.   The maximum keyword name length is 67 characters, which
leaves only 1 space for the value field.  A more practical limit is
about 40 characters, which leaves enough room for most keyword values.
CFITSIO returns an error if there is not enough room for both the
keyword name and the keyword value on the 80-character card, except for
string-valued keywords which are simply truncated so that the closing
quote character falls in column 80. A space is also required on either 
side of the equal sign.


\section{Tile-Compressed Image Format}

CFITSIO supports a convention for compressing n-dimensional images and
storing the resulting byte stream in a variable-length column in a FITS
binary table.  The general principle used in this convention is to
first divide the n-dimensional image into a rectangular grid of
subimages or `tiles'.  Each tile is then compressed as a continuous
block of data, and the resulting compressed byte stream is stored in a
row of a variable length column in a FITS binary table. By dividing the
image into tiles it is generally possible to extract and uncompress
subsections of the image without having to uncompress the whole image.
The default tiling pattern treats each row of a 2-dimensional image (or
higher dimensional cube) as a tile, such that each tile contains NAXIS1
pixels (except the default with the HCOMPRESS algorithm is to
compress the whole 2D image as a single tile). Any other rectangular
tiling pattern may also be defined. In
the case of relatively small images it may be sufficient to compress
the entire image as a single tile, resulting in an output binary table
with 1 row.  In the case of 3-dimensional data cubes, it may be
advantageous to treat each plane of the cube as a separate tile if
application software typically needs to access the cube on a plane by
plane basis.

See section 5.6 ``Image Compression''
for more information on using this tile-compressed image format.

\chapter{  Optimizing Programs }

CFITSIO has been carefully designed to obtain the highest possible
speed when reading and writing FITS files.  In order to achieve the
best performance, however, application programmers must be careful to
call the CFITSIO routines appropriately and in an efficient sequence;
inappropriate usage of CFITSIO routines can greatly slow down the
execution speed of a program.

The maximum possible I/O speed of CFITSIO depends of course on the type
of computer system that it is running on.  To get a general idea of what
data I/O speeds are possible on a particular machine, build the speed.c
program that is distributed with CFITSIO (type 'make speed' in the CFITSIO
directory).  This diagnostic program measures the speed of writing and reading
back a test FITS image, a binary table, and an ASCII table.

The following 2 sections provide some background on how CFITSIO
internally manages the data I/O and describes some strategies that may
be used to optimize the processing speed of software that uses
CFITSIO.


\section{How CFITSIO Manages Data I/O}

Many CFITSIO operations involve transferring only a small number of
bytes to or from the FITS file (e.g, reading a keyword, or writing a
row in a table); it would be very inefficient to physically read or
write such small blocks of data directly in the FITS file on disk,
therefore CFITSIO maintains a set of internal Input--Output (IO)
buffers in RAM memory that each contain one FITS block (2880 bytes) of
data.  Whenever CFITSIO needs to access data in the FITS file, it first
transfers the FITS block containing those bytes into one of the IO
buffers in memory.  The next time CFITSIO needs to access bytes in the
same block it can then go to the fast IO buffer rather than using a
much slower system disk access routine.  The number of available IO
buffers is determined by the NIOBUF parameter (in fitsio2.h) and is
currently set to 40 by default.

Whenever CFITSIO reads or writes data it first checks to see if that
block of the FITS file is already loaded into one of the IO buffers.
If not, and if there is an empty IO buffer available, then it will load
that block into the IO buffer (when reading a FITS file) or will
initialize a new block (when writing to a FITS file).  If all the IO
buffers are already full, it must decide which one to reuse (generally
the one that has been accessed least recently), and flush the contents
back to disk if it has been modified before loading the new block.

The one major exception to the above process occurs whenever a large
contiguous set of bytes are accessed, as might occur when reading or
writing a FITS image.  In this case CFITSIO bypasses the internal IO
buffers and simply reads or writes the desired bytes directly in the
disk file with a single call to a low-level file read or write
routine.  The minimum threshold for the number of bytes to read or
write this way is set by the MINDIRECT parameter and is currently set
to 3 FITS blocks = 8640 bytes.  This is the most efficient way to read
or write large chunks of data.  Note that this fast direct IO process is not
applicable when accessing columns of data in a FITS table because the
bytes are generally not contiguous since they are interleaved by the
other columns of data in the table.  This explains why the speed for
accessing FITS tables is generally slower than accessing
FITS images.

Given this background information, the general strategy for efficiently
accessing FITS files should be apparent:  when dealing with FITS
images, read or write large chunks of data at a time so that the direct
IO mechanism will be invoked;  when accessing FITS headers or FITS
tables, on the other hand, once a particular FITS block has been
loading into one of the IO buffers, try to access all the needed
information in that block before it gets flushed out of the IO buffer.
It is important to avoid the situation where the same FITS block is
being read then flushed from a IO buffer multiple times.

The following section gives more specific suggestions for optimizing
the use of CFITSIO.


\section{Optimization Strategies}

1.  Because the data in FITS files is always stored in "big-endian" byte order,
where the first byte of numeric values contains the most significant bits and the
last byte contains the least significant bits, CFITSIO must swap the order of the bytes
when reading or writing FITS files when running on little-endian machines (e.g.,
Linux and Microsoft Windows operating systems running on PCs with x86 CPUs).

On relatively new CPUs that support "SSSE3" machine instructions
(e.g., starting with Intel Core 2 CPUs in 2007, and in AMD CPUs
beginning in 2011) significantly faster 4-byte and 8-byte swapping
algorithms are available. These faster byte swapping functions are
not used by default in CFITSIO (because of potential code
portablility issues), but users can enable them on supported
platforms by adding the appropriate compiler flags (-mssse3 with gcc
or icc on linux) when compiling the swapproc.c source file, which will
allow the compiler to generate code using the SSSE3 instruction set.
A convenient way to do this is to configure the CFITSIO library
with the following command:

\begin{verbatim}
  >  ./configure --enable-ssse3
\end{verbatim}
Note, however, that a binary executable file that is
created using these faster functions will only run on
machines that support the SSSE3 machine instructions.

For faster 2-byte swaps on virtually all x86-64 CPUs (even those that
do not support SSSE3), a variant using only SSE2 instructions exists.
SSE2 is enabled by default on x86\_64 CPUs with 64-bit operating systems
(and is also automatically enabled by the --enable-ssse3 flag).
When running on x86\_64 CPUs with 32-bit operating systems, these faster
2-byte swapping algorithms are not used by default in CFITSIO, but can be
enabled explicitly with:

\begin{verbatim}
./configure --enable-sse2
\end{verbatim}
Preliminary testing indicates that these SSSE3 and SSE2 based
byte-swapping algorithms can boost the CFITSIO performance when
reading or writing FITS images by 20\% - 30\% or more.
It is important to note, however, that compiler optimization must be
turned on (e.g., by using the -O1 or -O2 flags in gcc) when building
programs that use these fast byte-swapping algorithms in order
to reap the full benefit of the SSSE3 and SSE2 instructions; without
optimization, the code may actually run slower than when using
more traditional byte-swapping techniques.

2.  When dealing with a FITS primary array or IMAGE extension, it is
more efficient to read or write large chunks of the  image at a time
(at least 3 FITS blocks = 8640 bytes) so that the direct IO mechanism
will be used as described in the previous section.  Smaller chunks of
data are read or written via the IO buffers, which is somewhat less
efficient because of the extra copy operation and additional
bookkeeping steps that are required.  In principle it is more efficient
to read or write as big an array of image pixels at one time as
possible, however, if the array becomes so large that the operating
system cannot store it all in RAM, then the performance may be degraded
because of the increased swapping of virtual memory to disk.

3.  When dealing with FITS tables, the most important efficiency factor
in the software design is to read or write the data in the FITS file in
a single pass through the file.  An example of poor program design
would be to read a large, 3-column table by sequentially reading the
entire first column, then going back to read the 2nd column, and
finally the 3rd column; this obviously requires 3 passes through the
file which could triple the execution time of an IO limited program.
For small tables this is not important, but when reading multi-megabyte
sized tables these inefficiencies can become significant.  The more
efficient procedure in this case is to read or write only as many rows
of the table as will fit into the available internal IO buffers, then
access all the necessary columns of data within that range of rows.
Then after the program is completely finished with the data in those
rows it can move on to the next range of rows that will fit in the
buffers, continuing in this way until the entire file has been
processed.  By using this procedure of accessing all the columns of a
table in parallel rather than sequentially, each block of the FITS file
will only be read or written once.

The optimal number of rows to read or write at one time in a given
table depends on the width of the table row and on the number of IO
buffers that have been allocated in CFITSIO.  The CFITSIO Iterator routine
will automatically use the optimal-sized buffer, but there is also a
CFITSIO routine that will return the optimal number of rows for a given
table:  fits\_get\_rowsize.  It is not critical to use exactly the
value of nrows returned by this routine, as long as one does not exceed
it.  Using a very small value however can also lead to poor performance
because of the overhead from the larger number of subroutine calls.

The optimal number of rows returned by fits\_get\_rowsize is valid only
as long as the application program is only reading or writing data in
the specified table.  Any other calls to access data in the table
header would  cause additional blocks of data
to be loaded into the IO buffers displacing data from the original
table, and should be avoided during the critical period while the table
is being read or written.

4.  Use the CFITSIO Iterator routine.  This routine provides a
more `object oriented' way of reading and writing FITS files
which automatically uses the most appropriate data buffer size
to achieve the maximum I/O throughput.

5.  Use binary table extensions rather than ASCII table
extensions for better efficiency  when dealing with tabular data.  The
I/O to ASCII tables is slower because of the overhead in formatting or
parsing the ASCII data fields and because ASCII tables are about twice
as large as binary tables that have the same information content.

6. Design software so that it reads the FITS header keywords in the
same order in which they occur in the file.  When reading keywords,
CFITSIO searches forward starting from the position of the last keyword
that was read.  If it reaches the end of the header without finding the
keyword, it then goes back to the start of the header and continues the
search down to the position where it started.  In practice, as long as
the entire FITS header can fit at one time in the available internal IO
buffers, then the header keyword access will be relatively fast and it makes
little difference which order they are accessed.

7. Avoid the use of scaling (by using the BSCALE and BZERO or TSCAL and
TZERO keywords) in FITS files since the scaling operations add to the
processing time needed to read or write the data.  In some cases it may
be more efficient to temporarily turn off the scaling (using fits\_set\_bscale or
fits\_set\_tscale) and then read or write the raw unscaled values in the FITS
file.

8. Avoid using the `implicit data type conversion' capability in
CFITSIO.  For instance, when reading a FITS image with BITPIX = -32
(32-bit floating point pixels), read the data into a single precision
floating point data array in the program.  Forcing CFITSIO to convert
the data to a different data type can slow the program.

9. Where feasible, design FITS binary tables using vector column
elements so that the data are written as a contiguous set of bytes,
rather than as single elements in multiple rows.  For example, it is
faster to access the data in a table that contains a single row
and 2 columns with TFORM keywords equal to  '10000E' and '10000J', than
it is to access the same amount of data in a table with 10000 rows
which has columns with the TFORM keywords equal to '1E' and '1J'.  In
the former case the 10000 floating point values in the first column are
all written in a contiguous block of the file which can be read or
written quickly, whereas in the second case each floating point value
in the first column is interleaved with the integer value in the second
column of the same row so CFITSIO has to explicitly move to the
position of each element to be read or written.

10. Avoid the use of variable length vector columns in binary tables,
since any reading or writing of these data requires that CFITSIO first
look up or compute the starting address of each row of data in the
heap.  In practice, this is probably not a significant efficiency issue.

11. When copying data from one FITS table to another, it is faster to
transfer the raw bytes instead of reading then writing each column of
the table.  The CFITSIO routines fits\_read\_tblbytes and
fits\_write\_tblbytes will perform low-level reads or writes of any
contiguous range of bytes in a table extension.  These routines can be
used to read or write a whole row (or multiple rows  for even greater
efficiency) of a table with a single function call.   These routines
are fast because they bypass all the usual data scaling, error checking
and machine dependent data conversion that is normally done by CFITSIO,
and they allow the program to write the data to the output file in
exactly the same byte order.  For these same reasons, these routines
can corrupt the FITS data file if used incorrectly because no
validation or machine dependent conversion is performed by these
routines.  These routines are only recommended for optimizing critical
pieces of code and should only be used by programmers who thoroughly
understand the internal format of the FITS tables they are reading or
writing.

12. Another strategy for improving the speed of writing a FITS table,
similar to the previous one, is to directly construct the entire byte
stream for a whole table row (or multiple rows) within the application
program and then write it to the FITS file with
fits\_write\_tblbytes.  This avoids all the overhead normally present
in the column-oriented CFITSIO write routines.  This technique should
only be used for critical applications because it makes the code more
difficult to understand and maintain, and it makes the code more system
dependent (e.g., do the bytes need to be swapped before writing to the
FITS file?).

13.  Finally, external factors such as the speed of the data storage device,
the size of the data cache, the amount of disk fragmentation, and the amount of
RAM available on the system can all have a significant impact on
overall I/O efficiency.  For critical applications, the entire hardware
and software system should be reviewed to identify any
potential I/O bottlenecks.


\appendix
\chapter{Index of Routines }
\begin{tabular}{lr}
fits\_add\_group\_member & \pageref{ffgtam} \\
fits\_ascii\_tform    & \pageref{ffasfm} \\
fits\_binary\_tform   & \pageref{ffbnfm} \\
fits\_calculator     & \pageref{ffcalc} \\
fits\_calculator\_rng     & \pageref{ffcalcrng} \\
fits\_calc\_binning[d] & \pageref{calcbinning} \\
fits\_calc\_rows    & \pageref{ffcrow} \\
fits\_change\_group  & \pageref{ffgtch} \\
fits\_cleanup\_https & \pageref{ffihtps} \\
fits\_clear\_errmark  & \pageref{ffpmrk} \\
fits\_clear\_errmsg   & \pageref{ffcmsg} \\
fits\_close\_file     & \pageref{ffclos} \\
fits\_compact\_group & \pageref{ffgtcm} \\
fits\_compare\_str    & \pageref{ffcmps} \\
fits\_compress\_heap & \pageref{ffcmph} \\
fits\_convert\_hdr2str  & \pageref{ffhdr2str}, \pageref{hdr2str} \\
fits\_copy\_cell2image & \pageref{copycell} \\
fits\_copy\_col     & \pageref{ffcpcl} \\
fits\_copy\_cols    & \pageref{ffccls} \\
fits\_copy\_data      & \pageref{ffcpdt} \\
fits\_copy\_file      & \pageref{ffcpfl} \\
fits\_copy\_group    & \pageref{ffgtcp} \\
fits\_copy\_hdu       & \pageref{ffcopy} \\
fits\_copy\_hdutab    & \pageref{ffcpht} \\
fits\_copy\_header    & \pageref{ffcphd} \\
fits\_copy\_image2cell & \pageref{copycell} \\
fits\_copy\_image\_section  & \pageref{ffcpimg} \\
fits\_copy\_key           & \pageref{ffcpky} \\
fits\_copy\_member    & \pageref{ffgmcp} \\
fits\_copy\_pixlist2image & \pageref{copypixlist2image} \\
fits\_copy\_rows &   \pageref{ffcprw} \\
fits\_copy\_selrows &   \pageref{ffcpsr} \\
fits\_create\_diskfile    & \pageref{ffinit} \\
fits\_create\_file    & \pageref{ffinit} \\

\end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{lr}
fits\_create\_group  & \pageref{ffgtcr} \\
fits\_create\_hdu     & \pageref{ffcrhd} \\
fits\_create\_img     & \pageref{ffcrim} \\
fits\_create\_memfile    & \pageref{ffimem} \\
fits\_create\_tbl     & \pageref{ffcrtb} \\
fits\_create\_template & \pageref{fftplt} \\
fits\_date2str  & \pageref{ffdt2s} \\
fits\_decode\_chksum  & \pageref{ffdsum} \\
fits\_decode\_tdim    & \pageref{ffdtdm} \\
fits\_delete\_col   & \pageref{ffdcol} \\
fits\_delete\_file    & \pageref{ffdelt} \\
fits\_delete\_hdu     & \pageref{ffdhdu} \\
fits\_delete\_key     & \pageref{ffdkey} \\
fits\_delete\_record  & \pageref{ffdrec} \\
fits\_delete\_rowlist & \pageref{ffdrws} \\
fits\_delete\_rowrange & \pageref{ffdrrg} \\
fits\_delete\_rows  & \pageref{ffdrow} \\
fits\_delete\_str  & \pageref{ffdkey} \\
fits\_encode\_chksum  & \pageref{ffesum} \\
fits\_file\_exists    & \pageref{ffexist} \\
fits\_file\_mode      & \pageref{ffflmd} \\
fits\_file\_name      & \pageref{ffflnm} \\
fits\_find\_first\_row    & \pageref{ffffrw} \\
fits\_find\_nextkey      & \pageref{ffgnxk} \\
fits\_find\_rows    & \pageref{fffrow} \\
fits\_flush\_buffer     & \pageref{ffflus} \\
fits\_flush\_file     & \pageref{ffflus} \\
fits\_free\_memory   & \pageref{ffgkls},  \pageref{ffhdr2str} \\
fits\_get\_acolparms  & \pageref{ffgacl} \\
fits\_get\_bcolparms  & \pageref{ffgbcl} \\
fits\_get\_chksum     & \pageref{ffgcks} \\
fits\_get\_col\_display\_width    & \pageref{ffgcdw} \\
\end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{lr}
fits\_get\_colname    & \pageref{ffgcnn} \\
fits\_get\_colnum     & \pageref{ffgcno} \\
fits\_get\_coltype    & \pageref{ffgtcl} \\
fits\_get\_compression\_type & \pageref{ffgetcomp} \\
fits\_get\_eqcoltype    & \pageref{ffgtcl} \\
fits\_get\_errstatus  & \pageref{ffgerr} \\
fits\_get\_hdrpos        & \pageref{ffghps} \\
fits\_get\_hdrspace      & \pageref{ffghsp} \\
fits\_get\_hdu\_num    & \pageref{ffghdn} \\
fits\_get\_hdu\_type   & \pageref{ffghdt} \\
fits\_get\_hduaddr    & \pageref{ffghad} \\
fits\_get\_hduaddrll    & \pageref{ffghad} \\
fits\_get\_img\_dim & \pageref{ffgidm} \\
fits\_get\_img\_equivtype & \pageref{ffgidt} \\
fits\_get\_img\_param & \pageref{ffgipr} \\
fits\_get\_img\_size & \pageref{ffgisz} \\
fits\_get\_img\_type & \pageref{ffgidt} \\
fits\_get\_inttype    & \pageref{ffinttyp} \\
fits\_get\_key\_com\_strlen & \pageref{ffgkcsl} \\
fits\_get\_key\_strlen & \pageref{ffgksl} \\
fits\_get\_keyclass    & \pageref{ffgkcl} \\
fits\_get\_keyname    & \pageref{ffgknm} \\
fits\_get\_keytype    & \pageref{ffdtyp} \\
fits\_get\_noise\_bits   & \pageref{ffgetcomp} \\
fits\_get\_num\_cols     & \pageref{ffgnrw} \\
fits\_get\_num\_groups  & \pageref{ffgmng} \\
fits\_get\_num\_hdus   & \pageref{ffthdu} \\
fits\_get\_num\_members  & \pageref{ffgtnm} \\
fits\_get\_num\_rows     & \pageref{ffgnrw} \\
fits\_get\_rowsize    & \pageref{ffgrsz} \\
fits\_get\_system\_time  & \pageref{ffdt2s} \\
fits\_get\_tbcol      & \pageref{ffgabc} \\
fits\_get\_tile\_dim     & \pageref{ffgetcomp} \\
\end{tabular}
\newpage
\begin{tabular}{lr}
fits\_get\_timeout    & \pageref{ffgtmo} \\
fits\_get\_version    & \pageref{ffvers} \\
fits\_hdr2str         & \pageref{ffhdr2str}, \pageref{hdr2str} \\
fits\_init\_https  & \pageref{ffihtps} \\
fits\_insert\_atbl    & \pageref{ffitab} \\
fits\_insert\_btbl    & \pageref{ffibin} \\
fits\_insert\_col   & \pageref{fficol} \\
fits\_insert\_cols  & \pageref{fficls} \\
fits\_insert\_group  & \pageref{ffgtis} \\
fits\_insert\_img     & \pageref{ffiimg} \\
fits\_insert\_key\_null   & \pageref{ffikyu} \\
fits\_insert\_key\_TYP    & \pageref{ffikyx} \\
fits\_insert\_record     & \pageref{ffirec} \\
fits\_insert\_rows  & \pageref{ffirow} \\
fits\_is\_reentrant  & \pageref{reentrant} \\
fits\_iterate\_data   & \pageref{ffiter} \\
fits\_make\_hist[d]      & \pageref{makehist} \\
fits\_make\_key       & \pageref{ffmkky} \\
fits\_make\_keyn      & \pageref{ffkeyn} \\
fits\_make\_nkey      & \pageref{ffnkey} \\
fits\_merge\_groups  & \pageref{ffgtmg} \\
fits\_modify\_card       & \pageref{ffmcrd} \\
fits\_modify\_comment    & \pageref{ffmcom} \\
fits\_modify\_key\_null   & \pageref{ffmkyu} \\
fits\_modify\_key\_TYP    & \pageref{ffmkyx} \\
fits\_modify\_name       & \pageref{ffmnam} \\
fits\_modify\_record     & \pageref{ffmrec} \\
fits\_modify\_vector\_len  & \pageref{ffmvec} \\
fits\_movabs\_hdu     & \pageref{ffmahd} \\
fits\_movnam\_hdu     & \pageref{ffmnhd} \\
fits\_movrel\_hdu     & \pageref{ffmrhd} \\
fits\_null\_check     & \pageref{ffnchk} \\
fits\_open\_data      & \pageref{ffopen} \\
fits\_open\_diskfile    & \pageref{ffopen} \\
fits\_open\_extlist      & \pageref{ffopen} \\
fits\_open\_file      & \pageref{ffopen} \\
fits\_open\_image      & \pageref{ffopen} \\
fits\_open\_table      & \pageref{ffopen} \\
fits\_open\_group    & \pageref{ffgtop} \\
fits\_open\_member    & \pageref{ffgmop} \\
fits\_open\_memfile   & \pageref{ffomem} \\
fits\_parse\_extnum   & \pageref{ffextn} \\
fits\_parse\_input\_filename & \pageref{ffiurl} \\
fits\_parse\_input\_url & \pageref{ffiurl} \\
fits\_parse\_range    & \pageref{ffrwrg} \\
fits\_parse\_rootname & \pageref{ffrtnm} \\
fits\_parse\_template & \pageref{ffgthd} \\
fits\_parse\_value    & \pageref{ffpsvc} \\
\end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{lr}
fits\_pix\_to\_world & \pageref{ffwldp} \\
fits\_read\_2d\_TYP      & \pageref{ffg2dx} \\
fits\_read\_3d\_TYP      & \pageref{ffg3dx} \\
fits\_read\_atblhdr      & \pageref{ffghtb} \\
fits\_read\_btblhdr      & \pageref{ffghbn} \\
fits\_read\_card         & \pageref{ffgcrd} \\
fits\_read\_col        & \pageref{ffgcv} \\
fits\_read\_col\_bit\_ & \pageref{ffgcx} \\
fits\_read\_col\_TYP    & \pageref{ffgcvx} \\
fits\_read\_colnull    & \pageref{ffgcf} \\
fits\_read\_colnull\_TYP    & \pageref{ffgcfx} \\
fits\_read\_cols        & \pageref{ffgcvn} \\
fits\_read\_descript & \pageref{ffgdes} \\
fits\_read\_descripts & \pageref{ffgdes} \\
fits\_read\_errmsg    & \pageref{ffgmsg} \\
fits\_read\_ext        & \pageref{ffgextn} \\
fits\_read\_grppar\_TYP  & \pageref{ffggpx} \\
fits\_read\_img         & \pageref{ffgpv} \\
fits\_read\_img\_coord & \pageref{ffgics} \\
fits\_read\_img\_TYP     & \pageref{ffgpvx} \\
fits\_read\_imghdr       & \pageref{ffghpr} \\
fits\_read\_imgnull & \pageref{ffgpf} \\
fits\_read\_imgnull\_TYP & \pageref{ffgpfx} \\
fits\_read\_key          & \pageref{ffgky} \\
fits\_read\_key\_longstr  & \pageref{ffgkls} \\
fits\_read\_key\_triple   & \pageref{ffgkyt} \\
fits\_read\_key\_unit     & \pageref{ffgunt} \\
fits\_read\_key\_TYP      & \pageref{ffgkyx} \\
fits\_read\_keyn         & \pageref{ffgkyn} \\
fits\_read\_keys\_TYP     & \pageref{ffgknx} \\
fits\_read\_keyword      & \pageref{ffgkey} \\
fits\_read\_pix  & \pageref{ffgpxv} \\
fits\_read\_pixnull & \pageref{ffgpxf} \\
fits\_read\_record       & \pageref{ffgrec} \\
fits\_read\_str         & \pageref{ffgcrd} \\
fits\_read\_string\_key & \pageref{ffgsky} \\
fits\_read\_string\_key\_com & \pageref{ffgskyc} \\
fits\_read\_subset  & \pageref{ffgsv} \\
fits\_read\_subset\_TYP  & \pageref{ffgsvx} \pageref{ffgsvx2}\\
fits\_read\_subsetnull\_TYP & \pageref{ffgsfx} \pageref{ffgsfx2} \\
fits\_read\_tbl\_coord & \pageref{ffgtcs} \\
fits\_read\_tblbytes    & \pageref{ffgtbb} \\
fits\_read\_tdim         & \pageref{ffgtdm} \\
fits\_read\_wcstab       & \pageref{wcstab} \\
fits\_rebin\_wcs[d]  &  \pageref{rebinwcs} \\
fits\_remove\_group  & \pageref{ffgtrm} \\
fits\_remove\_member   & \pageref{ffgmrm} \\
fits\_reopen\_file      & \pageref{ffreopen} \\
fits\_report\_error   & \pageref{ffrprt} \\
fits\_resize\_img     & \pageref{ffrsim} \\
\end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{lr}
fits\_rms\_float      & \pageref{imageRMS} \\
fits\_rms\_short      & \pageref{imageRMS} \\
fits\_select\_rows  & \pageref{ffsrow} \\
fits\_set\_atblnull   & \pageref{ffsnul} \\
fits\_set\_bscale     & \pageref{ffpscl} \\
fits\_set\_btblnull   & \pageref{fftnul} \\
fits\_set\_compression\_type  & \pageref{ffsetcomp} \\
fits\_set\_hdrsize    & \pageref{ffhdef} \\
fits\_set\_hdustruc   & \pageref{ffrdef} \\
fits\_set\_imgnull    & \pageref{ffpnul} \\
fits\_set\_noise\_bits  & \pageref{ffsetcomp} \\
fits\_set\_tile\_dim  & \pageref{ffsetcomp} \\
fits\_set\_timeout    & \pageref{ffgtmo} \\
fits\_set\_tscale     & \pageref{fftscl} \\
fits\_show\_download\_progress  & \pageref{ffshdwn} \\
fits\_split\_names    & \pageref{splitnames} \\
fits\_str2date        & \pageref{ffdt2s} \\
fits\_str2time        & \pageref{ffdt2s} \\
fits\_test\_expr      & \pageref{fftexp} \\
fits\_test\_heap      & \pageref{fftheap} \\
fits\_test\_keyword   & \pageref{fftkey} \\
fits\_test\_record    & \pageref{fftrec} \\
fits\_time2str  & \pageref{ffdt2s} \\
fits\_transfer\_member  & \pageref{ffgmtf} \\
fits\_translate\_keyword & \pageref{translatekey} \\
fits\_update\_card       & \pageref{ffucrd} \\
fits\_update\_chksum  & \pageref{ffupck} \\
fits\_update\_key        & \pageref{ffuky} \\
fits\_update\_key\_longstr   & \pageref{ffukyx} \\
fits\_update\_key\_null   & \pageref{ffukyu} \\
fits\_update\_key\_TYP    & \pageref{ffukyx} \\
fits\_uppercase      & \pageref{ffupch} \\
fits\_url\_type      & \pageref{ffurlt} \\
fits\_verbose\_https  & \pageref{ffvhtps} \\
fits\_verify\_chksum  & \pageref{ffvcks} \\
fits\_verify\_group  & \pageref{ffgtvf} \\
fits\_world\_to\_pix & \pageref{ffxypx} \\
fits\_write\_2d\_TYP   & \pageref{ffp2dx} \\
fits\_write\_3d\_TYP   & \pageref{ffp3dx} \\
fits\_write\_atblhdr      & \pageref{ffphtb} \\
fits\_write\_btblhdr      & \pageref{ffphbn} \\
fits\_write\_chksum   & \pageref{ffpcks} \\
fits\_write\_col         & \pageref{ffpcl} \\
fits\_write\_col\_bit     & \pageref{ffpclx} \\
fits\_write\_col\_TYP     & \pageref{ffpcls} \\
fits\_write\_col\_null      & \pageref{ffpclu} \\
fits\_write\_colnull      & \pageref{ffpcn} \\
fits\_write\_colnull\_TYP & \pageref{ffpcnx} \\
fits\_write\_cols         & \pageref{ffpcln} \\
\end{tabular}
\newpage
\begin{tabular}{lr}
fits\_write\_comment      & \pageref{ffpcom} \\
fits\_write\_date         & \pageref{ffpdat} \\
fits\_write\_descript  & \pageref{ffpdes} \\
fits\_write\_errmark   & \pageref{ffpmrk} \\
fits\_write\_errmsg   & \pageref{ffpmsg} \\
fits\_write\_ext        & \pageref{ffgextn} \\
fits\_write\_exthdr        & \pageref{ffphps} \\
fits\_write\_grphdr       & \pageref{ffphpr} \\
fits\_write\_grppar\_TYP & \pageref{ffpgpx} \\
fits\_write\_hdu       & \pageref{ffwrhdu} \\
fits\_write\_history      & \pageref{ffphis} \\
fits\_write\_img        & \pageref{ffppr} \\
fits\_write\_img\_null & \pageref{ffppru} \\
fits\_write\_img\_TYP    & \pageref{ffpprx} \\
fits\_write\_imghdr       & \pageref{ffphps} \\
fits\_write\_imgnull     & \pageref{ffppn} \\
fits\_write\_imgnull\_TYP & \pageref{ffppnx} \\
fits\_write\_key          & \pageref{ffpky} \\
fits\_write\_key\_longstr  & \pageref{ffpkls} \\
fits\_write\_key\_longwarn & \pageref{ffplsw} \\
fits\_write\_key\_null     & \pageref{ffpkyu} \\
fits\_write\_key\_template & \pageref{ffpktp} \\
fits\_write\_key\_triple   & \pageref{ffpkyt} \\
fits\_write\_key\_unit     & \pageref{ffpunt} \\
fits\_write\_key\_TYP      & \pageref{ffpkyx} \\
fits\_write\_keys\_TYP     & \pageref{ffpknx} \\
fits\_write\_keys\_histo   & \pageref{writekeyshisto} \\
fits\_write\_null\_img    & \pageref{ffpprn} \\
fits\_write\_nullrows      & \pageref{ffpclu} \\
fits\_write\_pix          & \pageref{ffppx} \\
fits\_write\_pixnull      & \pageref{ffppxn} \\
fits\_write\_record       & \pageref{ffprec} \\
fits\_write\_subset       & \pageref{ffpss} \\
fits\_write\_subset\_TYP  & \pageref{ffpssx} \\
fits\_write\_tblbytes  & \pageref{ffptbb} \\
fits\_write\_tdim         & \pageref{ffptdm} \\
fits\_write\_theap    & \pageref{ffpthp} \\
\end{tabular}
\newpage
\begin{tabular}{lr}
ffasfm    & \pageref{ffasfm} \\
ffbnfm   & \pageref{ffbnfm} \\
ffcalc     & \pageref{ffcalc} \\
ffcalc\_rng     & \pageref{ffcalcrng} \\
ffccls     & \pageref{ffccls} \\
ffchtps    & \pageref{ffchtps} \\
ffclos     & \pageref{ffclos} \\
ffcmph & \pageref{ffcmph} \\
ffcmps    & \pageref{ffcmps} \\
ffcmrk  & \pageref{ffpmrk} \\
ffcmsg  & \pageref{ffcmsg} \\
ffcopy     & \pageref{ffcopy} \\
ffcpcl     & \pageref{ffcpcl} \\
ffcpdt      & \pageref{ffcpdt} \\
ffcpfl      & \pageref{ffcpfl} \\
ffcphd   & \pageref{ffcphd} \\
ffcpht   & \pageref{ffcpht} \\
ffcpimg  & \pageref{ffcpimg} \\
ffcpky       & \pageref{ffcpky} \\
ffcprw      &   \pageref{ffcprw} \\
ffcpsr      &   \pageref{ffcpsr} \\
ffcrhd     & \pageref{ffcrhd} \\
ffcrim     & \pageref{ffcrim} \\
ffcrow    & \pageref{ffcrow} \\
ffcrtb     & \pageref{ffcrtb} \\
ffdcol   & \pageref{ffdcol} \\
ffdelt    & \pageref{ffdelt} \\
ffdhdu     & \pageref{ffdhdu} \\
ffdkey     & \pageref{ffdkey} \\
ffdkinit  & \pageref{ffinit} \\
ffdkopn      & \pageref{ffopen} \\
ffdopn      & \pageref{ffopen} \\
ffdrec  & \pageref{ffdrec} \\
ffdrow  & \pageref{ffdrow} \\
ffdrrg  & \pageref{ffdrrg} \\
ffdrws & \pageref{ffdrws} \\
ffdstr     & \pageref{ffdkey} \\
ffdsum  & \pageref{ffdsum} \\
ffdt2s  & \pageref{ffdt2s} \\
ffdtdm   & \pageref{ffdtdm} \\
ffdtyp    & \pageref{ffdtyp} \\
ffeopn    & \pageref{ffopen} \\
ffeqty    & \pageref{ffgtcl} \\
ffesum  & \pageref{ffesum} \\
ffexest  & \pageref{ffexist} \\
ffextn   & \pageref{ffextn} \\
ffffrw    & \pageref{ffffrw} \\
ffflmd      & \pageref{ffflmd} \\
ffflnm      & \pageref{ffflnm} \\
ffflsh     & \pageref{ffflus} \\
\end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{lr}
ffflus     & \pageref{ffflus} \\
fffree     & \pageref{ffgkls},  \pageref{ffhdr2str} \\
fffrow    & \pageref{fffrow} \\
ffg2d\_      & \pageref{ffg2dx} \\
ffg3d\_      & \pageref{ffg3dx} \\
ffgabc      & \pageref{ffgabc} \\
ffgacl  & \pageref{ffgacl} \\
ffgbcl  & \pageref{ffgbcl} \\
ffgcdw  & \pageref{ffgcdw} \\
ffgcf    & \pageref{ffgcf} \\
ffgcf\_    & \pageref{ffgcfx} \\
ffgcks     & \pageref{ffgcks} \\
ffgcnn    & \pageref{ffgcnn} \\
ffgcno     & \pageref{ffgcno} \\
ffgcrd         & \pageref{ffgcrd} \\
ffgcv        & \pageref{ffgcv} \\
ffgcv\_    & \pageref{ffgcvx} \\
ffgcvn       & \pageref{ffgcvn} \\
ffgcx     & \pageref{ffgcx} \\
ffgdes & \pageref{ffgdes} \\
ffgdess & \pageref{ffgdes} \\
ffgerr  & \pageref{ffgerr} \\
ffgextn        & \pageref{ffgextn} \\
ffggp\_  & \pageref{ffggpx} \\
ffghad    & \pageref{ffghad} \\
ffghbn      & \pageref{ffghbn} \\
ffghdn    & \pageref{ffghdn} \\
ffghdt   & \pageref{ffghdt} \\
ffghpr       & \pageref{ffghpr} \\
ffghps        & \pageref{ffghps} \\
ffghsp      & \pageref{ffghsp} \\
ffghtb      & \pageref{ffghtb} \\
ffgics & \pageref{ffgics} \\
ffgidm & \pageref{ffgidm} \\
ffgidt & \pageref{ffgidt} \\
ffgiet & \pageref{ffgidt} \\
ffgipr & \pageref{ffgipr} \\
ffgisz & \pageref{ffgisz} \\
ffgkcl      & \pageref{ffgkcl} \\
ffgkcsl & \pageref{ffgkcsl} \\
ffgkey      & \pageref{ffgkey} \\
ffgkls  & \pageref{ffgkls} \\
ffgksl  & \pageref{ffgksl} \\
ffgkn\_     & \pageref{ffgknx} \\
ffgknm    & \pageref{ffgknm} \\
ffgky          & \pageref{ffgky} \\
ffgkyn         & \pageref{ffgkyn} \\
ffgkyt   & \pageref{ffgkyt} \\
ffgky\_      & \pageref{ffgkyx} \\
ffgmcp   & \pageref{ffgmcp} \\

\end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{lr}
ffgmng  & \pageref{ffgmng} \\
ffgmop    & \pageref{ffgmop} \\
ffgmrm   & \pageref{ffgmrm} \\
ffgmsg    & \pageref{ffgmsg} \\
ffgmtf  & \pageref{ffgmtf} \\
ffgncl     & \pageref{ffgnrw} \\
ffgnrw     & \pageref{ffgnrw} \\
ffgnxk      & \pageref{ffgnxk} \\
ffgpf & \pageref{ffgpf} \\
ffgpf\_ & \pageref{ffgpfx} \\
ffgpv         & \pageref{ffgpv} \\
ffgpv\_     & \pageref{ffgpvx} \\
ffgpxv   & \pageref{ffgpxv} \\
ffgpxf  & \pageref{ffgpxf} \\
ffgrec       & \pageref{ffgrec} \\
ffgrsz    & \pageref{ffgrsz} \\
ffgsdt        & \pageref{ffdt2s} \\
ffgsf\_ &  \pageref{ffgsfx} \pageref{ffgsfx2} \\
ffgsky  &  \pageref{ffgsky} \\
ffgskyc  & \pageref{ffgskyc} \\
ffgstm        & \pageref{ffdt2s} \\
ffgstr         & \pageref{ffgcrd} \\
ffgsv  & \pageref{ffgsv} \\
ffgsv\_  & \pageref{ffgsvx} \pageref{ffgsvx2}\\
ffgtam & \pageref{ffgtam} \\
ffgtbb    & \pageref{ffgtbb} \\
ffgtch  & \pageref{ffgtch} \\
ffgtcl    & \pageref{ffgtcl} \\
ffgtcm & \pageref{ffgtcm} \\
ffgtcp  & \pageref{ffgtcp} \\
ffgtcr  & \pageref{ffgtcr} \\
ffgtcs & \pageref{ffgtcs} \\
ffgtdm         & \pageref{ffgtdm} \\
ffgthd & \pageref{ffgthd} \\
ffgtis  & \pageref{ffgtis} \\
ffgtmg  & \pageref{ffgtmg} \\
ffgtmo  & \pageref{ffgtmo} \\
ffgtnm  & \pageref{ffgtnm} \\
ffgtop    & \pageref{ffgtop} \\
ffgtrm  & \pageref{ffgtrm} \\
ffgtvf  & \pageref{ffgtvf} \\
ffgunt     & \pageref{ffgunt} \\
ffhdef    & \pageref{ffhdef} \\
ffibin    & \pageref{ffibin} \\
fficls  & \pageref{fficls} \\
fficol   & \pageref{fficol} \\
ffifile  & \pageref{ffiurl} \\
ffihtps  & \pageref{ffihtps} \\
ffiimg     & \pageref{ffiimg} \\

\end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{lr}

ffikls    & \pageref{ffikyx} \\
ffikyu   & \pageref{ffikyu} \\
ffiky\_    & \pageref{ffikyx} \\
ffimem  & \pageref{ffimem} \\
ffinit  & \pageref{ffinit} \\
ffinttyp    & \pageref{ffinttyp} \\
ffiopn & \pageref{ffopen} \\
ffirec     & \pageref{ffirec} \\
ffirow  & \pageref{ffirow} \\
ffitab    & \pageref{ffitab} \\
ffiter   & \pageref{ffiter} \\
ffiurl & \pageref{ffiurl} \\
ffkeyn      & \pageref{ffkeyn} \\
ffmahd     & \pageref{ffmahd} \\
ffmcom    & \pageref{ffmcom} \\
ffmcrd       & \pageref{ffmcrd} \\
ffmkky    & \pageref{ffmkky} \\
ffmkls    & \pageref{ffmkyx} \\
ffmkyu   & \pageref{ffmkyu} \\
ffmky\_    & \pageref{ffmkyx} \\
ffmnam       & \pageref{ffmnam} \\
ffmnhd     & \pageref{ffmnhd} \\
ffmrec     & \pageref{ffmrec} \\
ffmrhd     & \pageref{ffmrhd} \\
ffmvec  & \pageref{ffmvec} \\
ffnchk  & \pageref{ffnchk} \\
ffnkey      & \pageref{ffnkey} \\
ffomem   & \pageref{ffomem} \\
ffopen      & \pageref{ffopen} \\
ffp2d\_   & \pageref{ffp2dx} \\
ffp3d\_   & \pageref{ffp3dx} \\
ffpcks   & \pageref{ffpcks} \\
ffpcl         & \pageref{ffpcl} \\
ffpcln         & \pageref{ffpcln} \\
ffpcls     & \pageref{ffpcls} \\
ffpcl\_     & \pageref{ffpclx} \\
ffpclu      & \pageref{ffpclu} \\
ffpcn    & \pageref{ffpcn} \\
ffpcn\_ & \pageref{ffpcnx} \\
ffpcom      & \pageref{ffpcom} \\
ffpdat         & \pageref{ffpdat} \\
ffpdes  & \pageref{ffpdes} \\
ffpextn        & \pageref{ffgextn} \\
ffpgp\_ & \pageref{ffpgpx} \\
ffphbn      & \pageref{ffphbn} \\
ffphext       & \pageref{ffphpr} \\
ffphis      & \pageref{ffphis} \\
ffphpr       & \pageref{ffphpr} \\
ffphps       & \pageref{ffphps} \\

\end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{lr}

ffphtb      & \pageref{ffphtb} \\
ffpkls  & \pageref{ffpkls} \\
ffpkn\_     & \pageref{ffpknx} \\
ffpktp & \pageref{ffpktp} \\
ffpky          & \pageref{ffpky} \\
ffpkyt   & \pageref{ffpkyt} \\
ffpkyu     & \pageref{ffpkyu} \\
ffpky\_      & \pageref{ffpkyx} \\
ffplsw & \pageref{ffplsw} \\
ffpmrk   & \pageref{ffpmrk} \\
ffpmsg   & \pageref{ffpmsg} \\
ffpnul    & \pageref{ffpnul} \\
ffppn     & \pageref{ffppn} \\
ffppn\_ & \pageref{ffppnx} \\
ffppr        & \pageref{ffppr} \\
ffpprn & \pageref{ffpprn} \\
ffppru & \pageref{ffppru} \\
ffppr\_    & \pageref{ffpprx} \\
ffppx & \pageref{ffppx} \\
ffppxn & \pageref{ffppxn} \\
ffprec       & \pageref{ffprec} \\
ffprwu      & \pageref{ffpclu} \\
ffpscl     & \pageref{ffpscl} \\
ffpss    & \pageref{ffpss} \\
ffpss\_  & \pageref{ffpssx} \\
ffpsvc    & \pageref{ffpsvc} \\
ffptbb  & \pageref{ffptbb} \\
ffptdm         & \pageref{ffptdm} \\
ffpthp    & \pageref{ffpthp} \\
ffpunt     & \pageref{ffpunt} \\
ffrdef   & \pageref{ffrdef} \\
ffreopen      & \pageref{ffreopen} \\
ffrprt   & \pageref{ffrprt} \\
ffrsim     & \pageref{ffrsim} \\
ffrtnm & \pageref{ffrtnm} \\
ffrwrg    & \pageref{ffrwrg} \\
ffs2dt  & \pageref{ffdt2s} \\
ffs2tm  & \pageref{ffdt2s} \\
ffshdwn  & \pageref{ffshdwn} \\
ffsnul   & \pageref{ffsnul} \\
ffsrow  & \pageref{ffsrow} \\
ffstmo  & \pageref{ffgtmo} \\
fftexp    & \pageref{fftexp} \\
ffthdu   & \pageref{ffthdu} \\
fftheap  & \pageref{fftheap} \\
fftkey   & \pageref{fftkey} \\
fftm2s  & \pageref{ffdt2s} \\
fftnul   & \pageref{fftnul} \\


\end{tabular}
\newpage
\begin{tabular}{lr}

fftopn & \pageref{ffopen} \\
fftplt & \pageref{fftplt} \\
fftrec    & \pageref{fftrec} \\
fftscl     & \pageref{fftscl} \\
ffucrd       & \pageref{ffucrd} \\
ffukls    & \pageref{ffukyx} \\
ffuky        & \pageref{ffuky} \\
ffukyu   & \pageref{ffukyu} \\
ffuky\_    & \pageref{ffukyx} \\
ffupch      & \pageref{ffupch} \\
ffupck  & \pageref{ffupck} \\
ffurlt  & \pageref{ffurlt} \\
ffvcks  & \pageref{ffvcks} \\
ffvers    & \pageref{ffvers} \\
ffvhtps  & \pageref{ffvhtps} \\
ffwldp & \pageref{ffwldp} \\
ffwrhdu  & \pageref{ffwrhdu} \\
ffxypx & \pageref{ffxypx} \\

\end{tabular}


\chapter{Parameter Definitions }

\begin{verbatim}
anynul   - set to TRUE (=1) if any returned values are undefined, else FALSE
array    - array of numerical data values to read or write
ascii    - encoded checksum string
binspec  - the input table binning specifier
bitpix   - bits per pixel. The following symbolic mnemonics are predefined:
               BYTE_IMG   =   8 (unsigned char)
               SHORT_IMG  =  16 (signed short integer)
               LONG_IMG   =  32 (signed long integer)
               LONGLONG_IMG =  64 (signed long 64-bit integer)
               FLOAT_IMG  = -32 (float)
               DOUBLE_IMG = -64 (double).
           Two additional values, USHORT_IMG and ULONG_IMG are also available
           for creating unsigned integer images.  These are equivalent to
           creating a signed integer image with BZERO offset keyword values
           of 32768 or 2147483648, respectively, which is the convention that
           FITS uses to store unsigned integers.
card     - header record to be read or written (80 char max, null-terminated)
casesen  - CASESEN (=1) for case-sensitive string matching, else CASEINSEN (=0)
cmopt    - grouping table "compact" option parameter. Allowed values are:
           OPT_CMT_MBR and OPT_CMT_MBR_DEL.
colname  - name of the column (null-terminated)
colnum   - column number (first column = 1)
colspec  - the input file column specification; used to delete, create, or rename
           table columns
comment  - the keyword comment field (72 char max, null-terminated)
complm   - should the checksum be complemented?
comptype - compression algorithm to use: GZIP_1, RICE_1, HCOMPRESS_1, or PLIO_1
coordtype- type of coordinate projection (-SIN, -TAN, -ARC, -NCP,
           -GLS, -MER, or -AIT)
cpopt    - grouping table copy option parameter. Allowed values are:
           OPT_GCP_GPT, OPT_GCP_MBR, OPT_GCP_ALL, OPT_MCP_ADD, OPT_MCP_NADD,
           OPT_MCP_REPL, amd OPT_MCP_MOV.
create_col- If TRUE, then insert a new column in the table, otherwise
           overwrite the existing column.
current  - if TRUE, then the current HDU will be copied
dataok   - was the data unit verification successful (=1) or
           not (= -1).  Equals zero if the DATASUM keyword is not present.
datasum  - 32-bit 1's complement checksum for the data unit
dataend  - address (in bytes) of the end of the HDU
datastart- address (in bytes) of the start of the data unit
datatype - specifies the data type of the value.  Allowed value are:  TSTRING,
           TLOGICAL, TBYTE, TSBYTE, TSHORT, TUSHORT, TINT, TUINT, TLONG, TULONG,
           TFLOAT, TDOUBLE, TCOMPLEX, and TDBLCOMPLEX
datestr  - FITS date/time string: 'YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.ddd', 'YYYY-MM-dd',
           or 'dd/mm/yy'
day      - calendar day (UTC) (1-31)
decimals - number of decimal places to be displayed
deltasize - increment for allocating more memory
dim1     - declared size of the first dimension of the image or cube array
dim2     - declared size of the second dimension of the data cube array
dispwidth - display width of a column = length of string that will be read
dtype    - data type of the keyword ('C', 'L', 'I', 'F' or 'X')
                C = character string
                L = logical
                I = integer
                F = floating point number
                X = complex, e.g., "(1.23, -4.56)"
err_msg  - error message on the internal stack (80 chars max)
err_text - error message string corresponding to error number (30 chars max)
exact    - TRUE (=1) if the strings match exactly;
           FALSE (=0) if wildcards are used
exclist  - array of pointers to keyword names to be excluded from search
exists   - flag indicating whether the file or compressed file exists on disk
expr     - boolean or arithmetic expression
extend   - TRUE (=1) if FITS file may have extensions, else FALSE (=0)
extname  - value of the EXTNAME keyword (null-terminated)
extspec  - the extension or HDU specifier; a number or name, version, and type
extver   - value of the EXTVER keyword = integer version number
filename - full name of the FITS file, including optional HDU and filtering specs
filetype - type of file (file://, ftp://, http://, etc.)
filter   - the input file filtering specifier
firstchar- starting byte in the row (first byte of row = 1)
firstfailed - member HDU ID (if positive) or grouping table GRPIDn index
           value (if negative) that failed grouping table verification.
firstelem- first element in a vector (ignored for ASCII tables)
firstrow - starting row number (first row of table = 1)
following- if TRUE, any HDUs following the current HDU will be copied
fpixel   - coordinate of the first pixel to be read or written in the
           FITS array.  The array must be of length NAXIS and have values such
           that fpixel[0] is in the range 1 to NAXIS1, fpixel[1] is in the
           range 1 to NAXIS2, etc.
fptr     - pointer to a 'fitsfile' structure describing the FITS file.
frac     - factional part of the keyword value
gcount   - number of groups in the primary array (usually = 1)
gfptr    - fitsfile* pointer to a grouping table HDU.
group    - GRPIDn/GRPLCn index value identifying a grouping table HDU, or
           data group number (=0 for non-grouped data)
grouptype - Grouping table parameter that specifies the columns to be
           created in a grouping table HDU. Allowed values are: GT_ID_ALL_URI,
           GT_ID_REF, GT_ID_POS, GT_ID_ALL, GT_ID_REF_URI, and GT_ID_POS_URI.
grpname  - value to use for the GRPNAME keyword value.
hdunum   - sequence number of the HDU (Primary array = 1)
hduok    - was the HDU verification successful (=1) or
           not (= -1).  Equals zero if the CHECKSUM keyword is not present.
hdusum   - 32 bit 1's complement checksum for the entire CHDU
hdutype  - HDU type: IMAGE_HDU (0), ASCII_TBL (1), BINARY_TBL (2), ANY_HDU (-1)
header   - returned character string containing all the keyword records
headstart- starting address (in bytes) of the CHDU
heapsize - size of the binary table heap, in bytes
history  - the HISTORY keyword comment string (70 char max, null-terminated)
hour     - hour within day (UTC) (0 - 23)
inc      - sampling interval for pixels in each FITS dimension
inclist  - array of pointers to matching keyword names
incolnum - input column number; range = 1 to TFIELDS
infile   - the input filename, including path if specified
infptr   - pointer to a 'fitsfile' structure describing the input FITS file.
intval   - integer part of the keyword value
iomode   - file access mode: either READONLY (=0) or READWRITE (=1)
keyname  - name of a keyword (8 char max, null-terminated)
keynum   - position of keyword in header (1st keyword = 1)
keyroot  - root string for the keyword name (5 char max, null-terminated)
keysexist- number of existing keyword records in the CHU
keytype  - header record type: -1=delete;  0=append or replace;
                   1=append; 2=this is the END keyword
longstr  - arbitrarily long string keyword value (null-terminated)
lpixel   - coordinate of the last pixel to be read or written in the
           FITS array.  The array must be of length NAXIS and have values such
           that lpixel[0] is in the range 1 to NAXIS1, lpixel[1] is in the
           range 1 to NAXIS2, etc.
match    - TRUE (=1) if the 2 strings match, else FALSE (=0)
maxdim   - maximum number of values to return
member   - row number of a grouping table member HDU.
memptr   - pointer to the a FITS file in memory
mem_realloc - pointer to a function for reallocating more memory
memsize  - size of the memory block allocated for the FITS file
mfptr    - fitsfile* pointer to a grouping table member HDU.
mgopt    - grouping table merge option parameter. Allowed values are:
           OPT_MRG_COPY, and OPT_MRG_MOV.
minute   - minute within hour (UTC) (0 - 59)
month    - calendar month (UTC) (1 - 12)
morekeys - space in the header for this many more keywords
n_good_rows - number of rows evaluating to TRUE
namelist - string containing a comma or space delimited list of names
naxes    - size of each dimension in the FITS array
naxis    - number of dimensions in the FITS array
naxis1   - length of the X/first axis of the FITS array
naxis2   - length of the Y/second axis of the FITS array
naxis3   - length of the Z/third axis of the FITS array
nbytes   - number of bytes or characters to read or write
nchars   - number of characters to read or write
nelements- number of data elements to read or write
newfptr  - returned pointer to the reopened file
newveclen- new value for the column vector repeat parameter
nexc     - number of names in the exclusion list (may = 0)
nfound   - number of keywords found (highest keyword number)
nkeys    - number of keywords in the sequence
ninc     - number of names in the inclusion list
nmembers - Number of grouping table members (NAXIS2 value).
nmove    - number of HDUs to move (+ or -), relative to current position
nocomments - if equal to TRUE, then no commentary keywords will be copied
noisebits- number of bits to ignore when compressing floating point images
nrows    - number of rows in the table
nstart   - first integer value
nullarray- set to TRUE (=1) if corresponding data element is undefined
nulval   - numerical value to represent undefined pixels
nulstr   - character string used to represent undefined values in ASCII table
numval   - numerical data value, of the appropriate data type
offset   - byte offset in the heap or data unit to the first element of the vector
openfptr - pointer to a currently open FITS file
overlap  - number of bytes in the binary table heap pointed to by more than 1
           descriptor
outcolnum- output column number; range = 1 to TFIELDS + 1
outfile  - and optional output filename; the input file will be copied to this prior
           to opening the file
outfptr  - pointer to a 'fitsfile' structure describing the output FITS file.
pcount   - value of the PCOUNT keyword = size of binary table heap
previous - if TRUE, any previous HDUs in the input file will be copied.
repeat   - length of column vector (e.g. 12J); == 1 for ASCII table
rmopt    - grouping table remove option parameter. Allowed values are:
           OPT_RM_GPT, OPT_RM_ENTRY, OPT_RM_MBR, and OPT_RM_ALL.
rootname - root filename, minus any extension or filtering specifications
rot      - celestial coordinate rotation angle (degrees)
rowlen   - length of a table row, in characters or bytes
rowlist  - sorted list of row numbers to be deleted from the table
rownum   - number of the row (first row = 1)
rowrange - list of rows or row ranges: '3,6-8,12,56-80' or '500-'
row_status - array of True/False results for each row that was evaluated
scale    - linear scaling factor; true value = (FITS value) * scale + zero
second   - second within minute (0 - 60.9999999999) (leap second!)
section  - section of image to be copied (e.g. 21:80,101:200)
simple   - TRUE (=1) if FITS file conforms to the Standard, else FALSE (=0)
space    - number of blank spaces to leave between ASCII table columns
status   - returned error status code (0 = OK)
sum      - 32 bit unsigned checksum value
tbcol    - byte position in row to start of column (1st col has tbcol = 1)
tdisp    - Fortran style display format for the table column
tdimstr  - the value of the TDIMn keyword
templt   - template string used in comparison (null-terminated)
tfields  - number of fields (columns) in the table
tfopt    - grouping table member transfer option parameter. Allowed values are:
           OPT_MCP_ADD, and OPT_MCP_MOV.
tform    - format of the column (null-terminated); allowed values are:
           ASCII tables:  Iw, Aw, Fww.dd, Eww.dd, or Dww.dd
           Binary tables: rL, rX, rB, rI, rJ, rA, rAw, rE, rD, rC, rM
           where 'w'=width of the field, 'd'=no. of decimals, 'r'=repeat count.
           Variable length array columns are denoted by a '1P' before the data type
           character (e.g., '1PJ').  When creating a binary table, 2 addition tform
           data type codes are recognized by CFITSIO: 'rU' and 'rV' for unsigned
           16-bit and unsigned 32-bit integer, respectively.

theap    - zero indexed byte offset of starting address of the heap
           relative to the beginning of the binary table data
tilesize - array of length NAXIS that specifies the dimensions of
           the image compression tiles
ttype    - label or name for table column (null-terminated)
tunit    - physical unit for table column (null-terminated)
typechar - symbolic code of the table column data type
typecode - data type code of the table column.  The negative of
           the value indicates a variable length array column.
                Datatype             typecode    Mnemonic
                bit, X                   1        TBIT
                byte, B                 11        TBYTE
                logical, L              14        TLOGICAL
                ASCII character, A      16        TSTRING
                short integer, I        21        TSHORT
                integer, J              41        TINT32BIT (same as TLONG)
                long long integer, K    81        TLONGLONG
                real, E                 42        TFLOAT
                double precision, D     82        TDOUBLE
                complex, C              83        TCOMPLEX
                double complex, M      163        TDBLCOMPLEX
unit     - the physical unit string (e.g., 'km/s') for a keyword
unused   - number of unused bytes in the binary table heap
urltype  - the file type of the FITS file (file://, ftp://, mem://, etc.)
validheap- returned value = FALSE if any of the variable length array
           address are outside the valid range of addresses in the heap
value    - the keyword value string (70 char max, null-terminated)
version  - current version number of the CFITSIO library
width    - width of the character string field
xcol     - number of the column containing the X coordinate values
xinc     - X axis coordinate increment at reference pixel (deg)
xpix     - X axis pixel location
xpos     - X axis celestial coordinate (usually RA) (deg)
xrefpix  - X axis reference pixel array location
xrefval  - X axis coordinate value at the reference pixel (deg)
ycol     - number of the column containing the X coordinate values
year     - calendar year (e.g. 1999, 2000, etc)
yinc     - Y axis coordinate increment at reference pixel (deg)
ypix     - y axis pixel location
ypos     - y axis celestial coordinate (usually DEC) (deg)
yrefpix  - Y axis reference pixel array location
yrefval  - Y axis coordinate value at the reference pixel (deg)
zero     - scaling offset; true value = (FITS value) * scale + zero
\end{verbatim}

\chapter{CFITSIO Error Status Codes }

The following table lists all the error status codes used by CFITSIO.
Programmers are encouraged to use the symbolic mnemonics (defined in
the file fitsio.h) rather than the actual integer status values to
improve the readability of their code.

\begin{verbatim}
 Symbolic Const    Value     Meaning
 --------------    -----  -----------------------------------------
                     0    OK, no error
 SAME_FILE         101    input and output files are the same
 TOO_MANY_FILES    103    tried to open too many FITS files at once
 FILE_NOT_OPENED   104    could not open the named file
 FILE_NOT_CREATED  105    could not create the named file
 WRITE_ERROR       106    error writing to FITS file
 END_OF_FILE       107    tried to move past end of file
 READ_ERROR        108    error reading from FITS file
 FILE_NOT_CLOSED   110    could not close the file
 ARRAY_TOO_BIG     111    array dimensions exceed internal limit
 READONLY_FILE     112    Cannot write to readonly file
 MEMORY_ALLOCATION 113    Could not allocate memory
 BAD_FILEPTR       114    invalid fitsfile pointer
 NULL_INPUT_PTR    115    NULL input pointer to routine
 SEEK_ERROR        116    error seeking position in file
 BAD_NETTIMEOUT    117    bad value for file download timeout setting

 BAD_URL_PREFIX     121   invalid URL prefix on file name
 TOO_MANY_DRIVERS   122   tried to register too many IO drivers
 DRIVER_INIT_FAILED 123   driver initialization failed
 NO_MATCHING_DRIVER 124   matching driver is not registered
 URL_PARSE_ERROR    125   failed to parse input file URL
 RANGE_PARSE_ERROR  126   parse error in range list

 SHARED_BADARG     151    bad argument in shared memory driver
 SHARED_NULPTR     152    null pointer passed as an argument
 SHARED_TABFULL    153    no more free shared memory handles
 SHARED_NOTINIT    154    shared memory driver is not initialized
 SHARED_IPCERR     155    IPC error returned by a system call
 SHARED_NOMEM      156    no memory in shared memory driver
 SHARED_AGAIN      157    resource deadlock would occur
 SHARED_NOFILE     158    attempt to open/create lock file failed
 SHARED_NORESIZE   159    shared memory block cannot be resized at the moment

 HEADER_NOT_EMPTY  201    header already contains keywords
 KEY_NO_EXIST      202    keyword not found in header
 KEY_OUT_BOUNDS    203    keyword record number is out of bounds
 VALUE_UNDEFINED   204    keyword value field is blank
 NO_QUOTE          205    string is missing the closing quote
 BAD_INDEX_KEY     206    illegal indexed keyword name (e.g. 'TFORM1000')
 BAD_KEYCHAR       207    illegal character in keyword name or card
 BAD_ORDER         208    required keywords out of order
 NOT_POS_INT       209    keyword value is not a positive integer
 NO_END            210    couldn't find END keyword
 BAD_BITPIX        211    illegal BITPIX keyword value
 BAD_NAXIS         212    illegal NAXIS keyword value
 BAD_NAXES         213    illegal NAXISn keyword value
 BAD_PCOUNT        214    illegal PCOUNT keyword value
 BAD_GCOUNT        215    illegal GCOUNT keyword value
 BAD_TFIELDS       216    illegal TFIELDS keyword value
 NEG_WIDTH         217    negative table row size
 NEG_ROWS          218    negative number of rows in table
 COL_NOT_FOUND     219    column with this name not found in table
 BAD_SIMPLE        220    illegal value of SIMPLE keyword
 NO_SIMPLE         221    Primary array doesn't start with SIMPLE
 NO_BITPIX         222    Second keyword not BITPIX
 NO_NAXIS          223    Third keyword not NAXIS
 NO_NAXES          224    Couldn't find all the NAXISn keywords
 NO_XTENSION       225    HDU doesn't start with XTENSION keyword
 NOT_ATABLE        226    the CHDU is not an ASCII table extension
 NOT_BTABLE        227    the CHDU is not a binary table extension
 NO_PCOUNT         228    couldn't find PCOUNT keyword
 NO_GCOUNT         229    couldn't find GCOUNT keyword
 NO_TFIELDS        230    couldn't find TFIELDS keyword
 NO_TBCOL          231    couldn't find TBCOLn keyword
 NO_TFORM          232    couldn't find TFORMn keyword
 NOT_IMAGE         233    the CHDU is not an IMAGE extension
 BAD_TBCOL         234    TBCOLn keyword value < 0 or > rowlength
 NOT_TABLE         235    the CHDU is not a table
 COL_TOO_WIDE      236    column is too wide to fit in table
 COL_NOT_UNIQUE    237    more than 1 column name matches template
 BAD_ROW_WIDTH     241    sum of column widths not = NAXIS1
 UNKNOWN_EXT       251    unrecognizable FITS extension type
 UNKNOWN_REC       252    unknown record; 1st keyword not SIMPLE or XTENSION
 END_JUNK          253    END keyword is not blank
 BAD_HEADER_FILL   254    Header fill area contains non-blank chars
 BAD_DATA_FILL     255    Illegal data fill bytes (not zero or blank)
 BAD_TFORM         261    illegal TFORM format code
 BAD_TFORM_DTYPE   262    unrecognizable TFORM data type code
 BAD_TDIM          263    illegal TDIMn keyword value
 BAD_HEAP_PTR      264    invalid BINTABLE heap pointer is out of range

 BAD_HDU_NUM       301    HDU number < 1
 BAD_COL_NUM       302    column number < 1 or > tfields
 NEG_FILE_POS      304    tried to move to negative byte location in file
 NEG_BYTES         306    tried to read or write negative number of bytes
 BAD_ROW_NUM       307    illegal starting row number in table
 BAD_ELEM_NUM      308    illegal starting element number in vector
 NOT_ASCII_COL     309    this is not an ASCII string column
 NOT_LOGICAL_COL   310    this is not a logical data type column
 BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT 311    ASCII table column has wrong format
 BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT 312    Binary table column has wrong format
 NO_NULL           314    null value has not been defined
 NOT_VARI_LEN      317    this is not a variable length column
 BAD_DIMEN         320    illegal number of dimensions in array
 BAD_PIX_NUM       321    first pixel number greater than last pixel
 ZERO_SCALE        322    illegal BSCALE or TSCALn keyword = 0
 NEG_AXIS          323    illegal axis length < 1

 NOT_GROUP_TABLE       340   Grouping function error
 HDU_ALREADY_MEMBER    341
 MEMBER_NOT_FOUND      342
 GROUP_NOT_FOUND       343
 BAD_GROUP_ID          344
 TOO_MANY_HDUS_TRACKED 345
 HDU_ALREADY_TRACKED   346
 BAD_OPTION            347
 IDENTICAL_POINTERS    348
 BAD_GROUP_ATTACH      349
 BAD_GROUP_DETACH      350

 NGP_NO_MEMORY         360     malloc failed
 NGP_READ_ERR          361     read error from file
 NGP_NUL_PTR           362     null pointer passed as an argument.
                                 Passing null pointer as a name of
                                 template file raises this error
 NGP_EMPTY_CURLINE     363     line read seems to be empty (used
                                 internally)
 NGP_UNREAD_QUEUE_FULL 364     cannot unread more then 1 line (or single
                                 line twice)
 NGP_INC_NESTING       365     too deep include file nesting (infinite
                                 loop, template includes itself ?)
 NGP_ERR_FOPEN         366     fopen() failed, cannot open template file
 NGP_EOF               367     end of file encountered and not expected
 NGP_BAD_ARG           368     bad arguments passed. Usually means
                                 internal parser error. Should not happen
 NGP_TOKEN_NOT_EXPECT  369     token not expected here

 BAD_I2C           401    bad int to formatted string conversion
 BAD_F2C           402    bad float to formatted string conversion
 BAD_INTKEY        403    can't interpret keyword value as integer
 BAD_LOGICALKEY    404    can't interpret keyword value as logical
 BAD_FLOATKEY      405    can't interpret keyword value as float
 BAD_DOUBLEKEY     406    can't interpret keyword value as double
 BAD_C2I           407    bad formatted string to int conversion
 BAD_C2F           408    bad formatted string to float conversion
 BAD_C2D           409    bad formatted string to double conversion
 BAD_DATATYPE      410    illegal datatype code value
 BAD_DECIM         411    bad number of decimal places specified
 NUM_OVERFLOW      412    overflow during data type conversion
 DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR   413  error compressing image
 DATA_DECOMPRESSION_ERR 414  error uncompressing image

 BAD_DATE          420    error in date or time conversion

 PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR  431    syntax error in parser expression
 PARSE_BAD_TYPE    432    expression did not evaluate to desired type
 PARSE_LRG_VECTOR  433    vector result too large to return in array
 PARSE_NO_OUTPUT   434    data parser failed not sent an out column
 PARSE_BAD_COL     435    bad data encounter while parsing column
 PARSE_BAD_OUTPUT  436    Output file not of proper type

 ANGLE_TOO_BIG     501    celestial angle too large for projection
 BAD_WCS_VAL       502    bad celestial coordinate or pixel value
 WCS_ERROR         503    error in celestial coordinate calculation
 BAD_WCS_PROJ      504    unsupported type of celestial projection
 NO_WCS_KEY        505    celestial coordinate keywords not found
 APPROX_WCS_KEY    506    approximate wcs keyword values were returned
\end{verbatim}
\end{document}

cfitsio-4.3.1/docs/quick.toc0000644000225700000360000000340313472024437015226 0ustar  cagordonlhea\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1}Introduction}{2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2}Installing and Using CFITSIO}{3}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3}Example Programs}{4}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4}CFITSIO Routines}{6}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.1}Error Reporting}{6}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2}File Open/Close Routines}{6}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.3}HDU-level Routines}{7}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4}Image I/O Routines}{9}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.5}Table I/O Routines}{12}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.6}Header Keyword I/O Routines}{19}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.7}Utility Routines}{22}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5}CFITSIO File Names and Filters}{23}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.1}Creating New Files}{23}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.2}Opening Existing Files}{24}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.3}Image Filtering}{26}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {5.3.1}Extracting a subsection of an image}{26}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {5.3.2}Create an Image by Binning Table Columns}{26}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.4}Table Filtering}{28}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {5.4.1}Column and Keyword Filtering}{28}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {5.4.2}Row Filtering}{29}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {5.4.3}Good Time Interval Filtering}{32}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {5.4.4}Spatial Region Filtering}{32}
\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {5.4.5}Example Row Filters}{34}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.5}Combined Filtering Examples}{36}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6}CFITSIO Error Status Codes}{38}
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%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMR8 003.002
%%Title: CMR8
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMR8.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMR8 known{/CMR8 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
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{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
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/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMR8 def
/FontBBox {-36 -250 1070 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMR8.) readonly def
/FullName (CMR8) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 40 /parenleft put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMMI10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMMI10 003.002
%%Title: CMMI10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMMI10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMMI10 known{/CMMI10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5087385 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMMI10 def
/FontBBox {-32 -250 1048 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 10 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMMI10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMMI10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
/ascent 750 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 58 /period put
dup 59 /comma put
dup 62 /greater put
dup 73 /I put
dup 84 /T put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMBX12
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMBX12 003.002
%%Title: CMBX12
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMBX12.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMBX12 known{/CMBX12 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000769 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMBX12 def
/FontBBox {-53 -251 1139 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMBX12.) readonly def
/FullName (CMBX12) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Bold) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 11 /ff put
dup 12 /fi put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 40 /parenleft put
dup 41 /parenright put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSY10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMSY10 003.002
%%Title: CMSY10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMSY10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMSY10 known{/CMSY10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5096651 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMSY10 def
/FontBBox {-29 -960 1116 775 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMSY10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMSY10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -14.04 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 2 /multiply put
dup 15 /bullet put
dup 102 /braceleft put
dup 103 /braceright put
dup 106 /bar put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMTT10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMTT10 003.002
%%Title: CMTT10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMTT10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMTT10 known{/CMTT10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000832 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMTT10 def
/FontBBox {-4 -233 537 696 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMTT10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMTT10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch true def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 34 /quotedbl put
dup 35 /numbersign put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 37 /percent put
dup 38 /ampersand put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 40 /parenleft put
dup 41 /parenright put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 43 /plus put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 59 /semicolon put
dup 60 /less put
dup 61 /equal put
dup 62 /greater put
dup 63 /question put
dup 64 /at put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 74 /J put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 81 /Q put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 90 /Z put
dup 91 /bracketleft put
dup 92 /backslash put
dup 93 /bracketright put
dup 94 /asciicircum put
dup 95 /underscore put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
dup 123 /braceleft put
dup 124 /bar put
dup 125 /braceright put
dup 126 /asciitilde put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMSL10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMSL10 003.002
%%Title: CMSL10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMSL10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMSL10 known{/CMSL10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000798 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMSL10 def
/FontBBox {-62 -250 1123 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMSL10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMSL10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle -9.46 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 90 /Z put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMBX10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMBX10 003.002
%%Title: CMBX10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMBX10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMBX10 known{/CMBX10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000768 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMBX10 def
/FontBBox {-56 -250 1164 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMBX10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMBX10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Bold) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 12 /fi put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 73 /I put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMR10
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMR10 003.002
%%Title: CMR10
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMR10.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMR10 known{/CMR10 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000793 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMR10 def
/FontBBox {-40 -250 1009 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMR10.) readonly def
/FullName (CMR10) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 11 /ff put
dup 12 /fi put
dup 13 /fl put
dup 14 /ffi put
dup 33 /exclam put
dup 34 /quotedblright put
dup 35 /numbersign put
dup 36 /dollar put
dup 37 /percent put
dup 38 /ampersand put
dup 39 /quoteright put
dup 40 /parenleft put
dup 41 /parenright put
dup 42 /asterisk put
dup 43 /plus put
dup 44 /comma put
dup 45 /hyphen put
dup 46 /period put
dup 47 /slash put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 49 /one put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 53 /five put
dup 54 /six put
dup 55 /seven put
dup 56 /eight put
dup 57 /nine put
dup 58 /colon put
dup 59 /semicolon put
dup 60 /exclamdown put
dup 61 /equal put
dup 62 /questiondown put
dup 63 /question put
dup 64 /at put
dup 65 /A put
dup 66 /B put
dup 67 /C put
dup 68 /D put
dup 69 /E put
dup 70 /F put
dup 71 /G put
dup 72 /H put
dup 73 /I put
dup 74 /J put
dup 75 /K put
dup 76 /L put
dup 77 /M put
dup 78 /N put
dup 79 /O put
dup 80 /P put
dup 81 /Q put
dup 82 /R put
dup 83 /S put
dup 84 /T put
dup 85 /U put
dup 86 /V put
dup 87 /W put
dup 88 /X put
dup 89 /Y put
dup 90 /Z put
dup 91 /bracketleft put
dup 92 /quotedblleft put
dup 93 /bracketright put
dup 96 /quoteleft put
dup 97 /a put
dup 98 /b put
dup 99 /c put
dup 100 /d put
dup 101 /e put
dup 102 /f put
dup 103 /g put
dup 104 /h put
dup 105 /i put
dup 106 /j put
dup 107 /k put
dup 108 /l put
dup 109 /m put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 112 /p put
dup 113 /q put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 116 /t put
dup 117 /u put
dup 118 /v put
dup 119 /w put
dup 120 /x put
dup 121 /y put
dup 122 /z put
dup 123 /endash put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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cleartomark
{restore}if
%%EndFont 
%%BeginFont: CMR12
%!PS-AdobeFont-1.0: CMR12 003.002
%%Title: CMR12
%Version: 003.002
%%CreationDate: Mon Jul 13 16:17:00 2009
%%Creator: David M. Jones
%Copyright: Copyright (c) 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society
%Copyright: (), with Reserved Font Name CMR12.
% This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
% This license is in the accompanying file OFL.txt, and is also
% available with a FAQ at: http://scripts.sil.org/OFL.
%%EndComments
FontDirectory/CMR12 known{/CMR12 findfont dup/UniqueID known{dup
/UniqueID get 5000794 eq exch/FontType get 1 eq and}{pop false}ifelse
{save true}{false}ifelse}{false}ifelse
11 dict begin
/FontType 1 def
/FontMatrix [0.001 0 0 0.001 0 0 ]readonly def
/FontName /CMR12 def
/FontBBox {-34 -251 988 750 }readonly def
/PaintType 0 def
/FontInfo 9 dict dup begin
/version (003.002) readonly def
/Notice (Copyright \050c\051 1997, 2009 American Mathematical Society \050\051, with Reserved Font Name CMR12.) readonly def
/FullName (CMR12) readonly def
/FamilyName (Computer Modern) readonly def
/Weight (Medium) readonly def
/ItalicAngle 0 def
/isFixedPitch false def
/UnderlinePosition -100 def
/UnderlineThickness 50 def
end readonly def
/Encoding 256 array
0 1 255 {1 index exch /.notdef put} for
dup 46 /period put
dup 48 /zero put
dup 50 /two put
dup 51 /three put
dup 52 /four put
dup 74 /J put
dup 86 /V put
dup 101 /e put
dup 105 /i put
dup 108 /l put
dup 110 /n put
dup 111 /o put
dup 114 /r put
dup 115 /s put
dup 117 /u put
readonly def
currentdict end
currentfile eexec
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(subroutine,)h(except)i(it)f(also)g(supp)s(orts)e(long)i(string)f(v)-5
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5124 y(wild)30 b(card)g(searc)m(hes.)0 5375 y Fi(1)81
b Fj(Get)37 b(the)f(n)m(th)f(80-c)m(haracter)k(header)d(record)g(from)f
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b(if)42 b(k)m(ey)p 996 5488 V 34 w(no)g(=)f(0)i(then)e(this)h
(subroutine)f(simple)h(mo)m(v)m(es)i(the)e(in)m(ternal)h(p)s(oin)m(ter)
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eop end
%%Page: 48 54
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g(for)g(the)h(named)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)382 1748 y Ff
(FTGCRD\(unit,keyword,)42 b(>)48 b(card,status\))0 1990
y Fi(4)81 b Fj(Get)26 b(the)f(next)h(k)m(eyw)m(ord)f(whose)g(name)h
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b(top)g(of)g(the)g(header)g(bac)m(k)h(to)f(the)g(original)h(p)s
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s(e)227 2554 y(reset)33 b(with)e(the)h(ftgrec)h(routine.)44
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b(This)29 b(routine)i(returns)e(status)i(=)f(202)h(if)g(a)f(matc)m
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Ff(FTGNXK\(unit,inclist,ninc)o(,ex)o(clis)o(t,ne)o(xc,)41
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4101 y Ff(FTGKY[EDJKLS]\(unit,keywo)o(rd,)41 b(>)48 b
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(eyw)m(ord.)40 b(The)29 b(second)g(routine,)h(FTGSKY,)f(also)g(returns)
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(ord)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(string,)g(starting)g(with)f(the)g(\014rstc)m
(har)g(c)m(haracter,)j(and)c(the)i(k)m(eyw)m(ord)g(commen)m(t)227
4795 y(string.)49 b(The)32 b(length)i(argumen)m(t)f(returns)f(the)h
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b(string)f(regardless)227 4908 y(of)i(ho)m(w)f(m)m(uc)m(h)g(of)g(the)h
(string)f(is)g(actually)i(returned)d(\(whic)m(h)h(dep)s(ends)e(on)j
(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(of)f(the)g(\014rstc)m(har)227
5021 y(and)c(maxc)m(har)h(argumen)m(ts\).)41 b(These)30
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(long)g(string)f(v)-5 b(alues)23 b(o)m(v)m(er)h(m)m(ultiple)f(FITS)e
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(length)h(of)f(68)h(c)m(haracters,)k(ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,)f(CONTINUE'd)39
b(string)227 5359 y(k)m(eyw)m(ords)31 b(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(arbitrarily)g
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b(length,status\))334 5714 y(FTGSKY\(unit,keyword,first)o(cha)o(r,ma)o
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eop end
%%Page: 49 55
TeXDict begin 49 54 bop 0 299 a Fh(6.4.)72 b(FITS)30
b(HEADER)h(I/O)f(SUBR)m(OUTINES)2086 b Fj(49)0 555 y
Fi(8)81 b Fj(Get)24 b(a)g(sequence)g(of)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(ered)e(k)m(eyw)m
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382 930 y Ff(FTGKN[EDJKLS]\(unit,keyro)o(ot,)o(star)o(tno,)o(max)o
(_key)o(s,)42 b(>)47 b(keyvals,nfound,status\))0 1192
y Fi(9)81 b Fj(Get)27 b(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(of)h(a)f(\015oating)h(p)
s(oin)m(t)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord,)i(returning)d(the)h(in)m(teger)h(and)f
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b(the)h(b)s(eginning)e(of)i(the)f(k)m(eyw)m(ord)h(commen)m(t)g
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2542 y Ff(VELOCITY=)809 b(12.3)46 b(/)i([km/s])e(orbital)g(speed)382
2768 y(FTGUNT\(unit,keyword,)c(>)48 b(units,status\))0
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(\014elds.)382 5190 y Ff(FTMNAM\(unit,oldkey,keywo)o(rd,)41
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eop end
%%Page: 50 56
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668 y(tine)35 b(w)m(orks)e(the)h(same)h(as)f(the)g(FTMKYS)f
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b(This)35 b(will)i(suppress)e(trailing)i(zeros,)i(and)d(will)h(use)g(a)
g(\014xed)e(format)i(rather)g(than)f(an)227 1458 y(exp)s(onen)m(tial)c
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b(alue.)382 1689 y Ff(FTMKY[JKLS]\(unit,keyword)o(,ke)o(yval)o(,com)o
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%%Trailer

userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if
%%EOF
cfitsio-4.3.1/docs/cfitsio.toc0000644000225700000360000002267014456514035015562 0ustar  cagordonlhea\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {1}Introduction }{1}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.1} A Brief Overview}{1}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.2}Sources of FITS Software and Information}{1}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.3}Acknowledgments}{2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.4}Legal Stuff}{4}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {2} Creating the CFITSIO Library }{5}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.1}Building the Library}{5}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.1}Unix Systems}{5}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.2}VMS}{7}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.3}Windows PCs}{7}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.4}Macintosh PCs}{7}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.2}Testing the Library}{7}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.3}Linking Programs with CFITSIO}{9}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.4}Using CFITSIO in Multi-threaded Environments}{9}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.5}Getting Started with CFITSIO}{9}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.6}Example Program}{10}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {3} A FITS Primer }{13}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {4} Programming Guidelines }{15}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.1}CFITSIO Definitions}{15}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.2}Current Header Data Unit (CHDU)}{18}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.3}Function Names and Variable Datatypes}{18}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.4}Support for Unsigned Integers and Signed Bytes}{20}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.5}Dealing with Character Strings }{22}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.6}Implicit Data Type Conversion}{23}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.7}Data Scaling}{23}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.8}Support for IEEE Special Values}{24}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.9}Error Status Values and the Error Message Stack}{25}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.10}Variable-Length Arrays in Binary Tables}{25}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.11}Multiple Access to the Same FITS File}{27}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.12}When the Final Size of the FITS HDU is Unknown}{28}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.13}CFITSIO Size Limitations}{28}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {5}Basic CFITSIO Interface Routines }{31}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.1}CFITSIO Error Status Routines}{31}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.2}FITS File Access Routines}{32}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.3}HDU Access Routines}{35}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.4}Header Keyword Read/Write Routines}{37}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.4.1}Keyword Reading Routines}{38}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.4.2}Keyword Writing Routines}{41}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.5}Primary Array or IMAGE Extension I/O Routines}{43}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.6}Image Compression}{47}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.7}ASCII and Binary Table Routines}{53}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.7.1}Create New Table}{53}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.7.2}Column Information Routines}{53}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.7.3}Routines to Edit Rows or Columns}{56}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.7.4}Read and Write Column Data Routines}{58}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.7.5}Row Selection and Calculator Routines}{61}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.7.6}Column Binning or Histogramming Routines}{63}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.8}Utility Routines}{65}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.8.1}File Checksum Routines}{65}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.8.2}Date and Time Utility Routines}{67}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.8.3}General Utility Routines}{68}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {6} The CFITSIO Iterator Function }{79}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.1}The Iterator Work Function}{80}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.2}The Iterator Driver Function}{82}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.3}Guidelines for Using the Iterator Function}{83}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.4}Complete List of Iterator Routines}{84}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {7} World Coordinate System Routines }{87}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.1} Self-contained WCS Routines}{88}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {8} Hierarchical Grouping Routines }{91}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.1}Grouping Table Routines}{92}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {8.2}Group Member Routines}{94}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {9} Specialized CFITSIO Interface Routines }{97}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.1}FITS File Access Routines}{97}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.1.1}File Access}{97}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.1.2}Download Utility Functions}{101}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.2}HDU Access Routines}{102}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.3}Specialized Header Keyword Routines}{104}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.3.1}Header Information Routines}{104}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.3.2}Read and Write the Required Keywords}{104}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.3.3}Write Keyword Routines}{106}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.3.4}Insert Keyword Routines}{108}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.3.5}Read Keyword Routines}{109}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.3.6}Modify Keyword Routines}{111}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.3.7}Update Keyword Routines}{112}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.4}Define Data Scaling and Undefined Pixel Parameters}{113}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.5}Specialized FITS Primary Array or IMAGE Extension I/O Routines}{114}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {9.6}Specialized FITS ASCII and Binary Table Routines}{117}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.6.1}General Column Routines}{117}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.6.2}Low-Level Table Access Routines}{119}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.6.3}Write Column Data Routines}{119}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {9.6.4}Read Column Data Routines }{120}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {10} Extended File Name Syntax }{125}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.1}Overview}{125}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.2}Filetype}{128}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.2.1}Notes about HTTP proxy servers}{129}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.2.2}Notes about HTTPS and FTPS file access}{129}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.2.3}Notes about the stream filetype driver}{130}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.2.4}Notes about the gsiftp filetype}{131}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.2.5}Notes about the root filetype}{131}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.2.6}Notes about the shmem filetype:}{133}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.3}Base Filename}{133}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.4}Output File Name when Opening an Existing File}{135}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.5}Template File Name when Creating a New File}{137}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.6}Image Tile-Compression Specification}{137}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.7}HDU Location Specification}{137}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.8}Image Section}{139}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.9}Image Transform Filters}{140}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.10}Column and Keyword Filtering Specification}{141}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.11}Row Filtering Specification}{145}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.11.1}General Syntax}{145}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.11.2}Bit Masks}{148}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.11.3}Vector Columns}{149}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.11.4}Row Access}{151}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.11.5}Good Time Interval Filtering and Calculation}{152}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.11.6}Spatial Region Filtering}{154}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {10.11.7}Example Row Filters}{156}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {10.12} Binning or Histogramming Specification}{157}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {11}Template Files }{161}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.1}Detailed Template Line Format}{161}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.2}Auto-indexing of Keywords}{162}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.3}Template Parser Directives}{163}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.4}Formal Template Syntax}{164}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.5}Errors}{164}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {11.6}Examples}{164}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {12} Local FITS Conventions }{167}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {12.1}64-Bit Long Integers}{167}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {12.2}Long String Keyword Values.}{167}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {12.3}Arrays of Fixed-Length Strings in Binary Tables}{169}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {12.4}Keyword Units Strings}{169}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {12.5}HIERARCH Convention for Extended Keyword Names}{169}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {12.6}Tile-Compressed Image Format}{170}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {13} Optimizing Programs }{173}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {13.1}How CFITSIO Manages Data I/O}{173}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {13.2}Optimization Strategies}{174}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {A}Index of Routines }{179}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {B}Parameter Definitions }{185}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {C}CFITSIO Error Status Codes }{191}
cfitsio-4.3.1/docs/cfortran.doc0000644000225700000360000027237313472024437015726 0ustar  cagordonlhea/* cfortran.doc 4.3 */
/* www-zeus.desy.de/~burow   OR   anonymous ftp@zebra.desy.de */
/* Burkhard Burow  burow@desy.de                 1990 - 1998. */

See Licensing information at the end of this file.


              cfortran.h :  Interfacing C or C++ and FORTRAN

Supports: Alpha and VAX VMS, Alpha OSF, DECstation and VAX Ultrix, IBM RS/6000, 
          Silicon Graphics, Sun, CRAY, Apollo, HP9000, LynxOS, Convex, Absoft,
          f2c, g77, NAG f90, PowerStation Fortran with Visual C++, NEC SX-4,
          Portland Group.

C and C++ are generally equivalent as far as cfortran.h is concerned.
Unless explicitly noted otherwise, mention of C implicitly includes C++.
C++ compilers tested include: 
  SunOS> CC +p +w      # Clean compiles.
  IRIX>  CC            # Clean compiles.
  IRIX>  CC -fullwarn  # Still some warnings to be overcome.
  GNU>   g++ -Wall     # Compiles are clean, other than warnings for unused
                       #   cfortran.h static routines.

N.B.: The best documentation on interfacing C or C++ and Fortran is in
      the chapter named something like 'Interfacing C and Fortran'
      to be found in the user's guide of almost every Fortran compiler.
      Understanding this information for one or more Fortran compilers
      greatly clarifies the aims and actions of cfortran.h.
      Such a chapter generally also addresses issues orthogonal to cfortran.h,
      for example the order of array indices, the index of the first element,
      as well as compiling and linking issues.


0 Short Summary of the Syntax Required to Create the Interface
--------------------------------------------------------------

e.g. Prototyping a FORTRAN subroutine for C:

/* PROTOCCALLSFSUBn is optional for C, but mandatory for C++. */

                 PROTOCCALLSFSUB2(SUB_NAME,sub_name,STRING,PINT)
#define SUB_NAME(A,B) CCALLSFSUB2(SUB_NAME,sub_name,STRING,PINT, A,B)

                                ^     -                                       -
       number of arguments _____|    |   STRING   BYTE    PBYTE       BYTEV(..)|
                                  /  |   STRINGV  DOUBLE  PDOUBLE   DOUBLEV(..)|
                                 /   |  PSTRING   FLOAT   PFLOAT     FLOATV(..)|
        types of arguments ____ /    | PNSTRING   INT     PINT         INTV(..)|
                                \    | PPSTRING   LOGICAL PLOGICAL LOGICALV(..)|
                                 \   |  PSTRINGV  LONG    PLONG       LONGV(..)|
                                  \  |   ZTRINGV  SHORT   PSHORT     SHORTV(..)|
                                     |  PZTRINGV  ROUTINE PVOID      SIMPLE    |
                                      -                                       -


e.g. Prototyping a FORTRAN function for C:
/* PROTOCCALLSFFUNn is mandatory for both C and C++. */
PROTOCCALLSFFUN1(INT,FUN_NAME,fun_name,STRING)
#define FUN_NAME(A)  CCALLSFFUN1(FUN_NAME,fun_name,STRING, A)

e.g. calling FUN_NAME from C:    {int a; a = FUN_NAME("hello");}


e.g. Creating a FORTRAN-callable wrapper for
     a C function returning void, with a 7 dimensional integer array argument:
     [Not supported from C++.]
FCALLSCSUB1(csub_name,CSUB_NAME,csub_name,INTVVVVVVV)


e.g. Creating a FORTRAN-callable wrapper for other C functions:
FCALLSCFUN1(STRING,cfun_name,CFUN_NAME,cfun_name,INT)
           [ ^-- BYTE, DOUBLE, FLOAT, INT, LOGICAL, LONG, SHORT, VOID  
             are other types returned by functions.       ]
       

e.g. COMMON BLOCKs:
FORTRAN:                         common /fcb/  v,w,x
                                 character *(13) v, w(4), x(3,2)
C:
typedef struct { char v[13],w[4][13],x[2][3][13]; } FCB_DEF;
#define FCB COMMON_BLOCK(FCB,fcb)
COMMON_BLOCK_DEF(FCB_DEF,FCB);
FCB_DEF FCB;    /* Define, i.e. allocate memory, in exactly one *.c file. */

e.g. accessing FCB in C:          printf("%.13s",FCB.v);



I Introduction
--------------

cfortran.h is an easy-to-use powerful bridge between C and FORTRAN.
It provides a completely transparent, machine independent interface between
C and FORTRAN routines (= subroutines and/or functions) and global data,
i.e. structures and COMMON blocks.

The complete cfortran.h package consists of 4 files: the documentation in
cfortran.doc, the engine cfortran.h, examples in cfortest.c and 
cfortex.f/or. [cfortex.for under VMS, cfortex.f on other machines.]

The cfortran.h package continues to be developed. The most recent version is
available via www at http://www-zeus.desy.de/~burow
or via anonymous ftp at zebra.desy.de (131.169.2.244).

The examples may be run using one of the following sets of instructions:

N.B. Unlike earlier versions, cfortran.h 3.0 and later versions
     automatically uses the correct ANSI ## or pre-ANSI /**/
     preprocessor operator as required by the C compiler.

N.B. As a general rule when trying to determine how to link C and Fortran,
     link a trivial Fortran program using the Fortran compilers verbose option,
     in order to see how the Fortran compiler drives the linker. e.g.
       unix> cat f.f
                END
       unix> f77 -v f.f
       .. lots of info. follows ...

N.B. If using a C main(), i.e. Fortran PROGRAM is not entry of the executable,
     and if the link bombs with a complaint about
     a missing "MAIN" (e.g. MAIN__, MAIN_, f90_main or similar),
     then Fortran has hijacked the entry point to the executable
     and wishes to call the rest of the executable via "MAIN".
     This can usually be satisfied by doing e.g. 'cc -Dmain=MAIN__ ...'
     but often kills the command line arguments in argv and argc.
     The f77 verbose option, usually -v, may point to a solution.
     

RS/6000> # Users are strongly urged to use f77 -qextname and cc -Dextname
RS/6000> # Use -Dextname=extname if extname is a symbol used in the C code.
RS/6000> xlf -c -qextname cfortex.f
RS/6000> cc  -c -Dextname cfortest.c
RS/6000> xlf -o cfortest cfortest.o cfortex.o && cfortest 

DECFortran> #Only DECstations with DECFortran for Ultrix RISC Systems.
DECFortran> cc -c -DDECFortran cfortest.c
DECFortran> f77 -o cfortest cfortest.o cfortex.f  &&  cfortest

IRIX xxxxxx 5.2 02282015 IP20 mips
MIPS> # DECstations and Silicon Graphics using the MIPS compilers.
MIPS> cc -o cfortest cfortest.c cfortex.f -lI77 -lU77 -lF77  &&  cfortest
MIPS> # Can also let f77 drive linking, e.g.
MIPS> cc -c cfortest.c
MIPS> f77 -o cfortest cfortest.o cfortex.f  &&  cfortest

Apollo> # Some 'C compiler 68K Rev6.8' break. [See Section II o) Notes: Apollo]
Apollo> f77 -c cfortex.f && cc -o cfortest cfortest.c cfortex.o  &&  cfortest

VMS> define lnk$library sys$library:vaxcrtl
VMS> cc cfortest.c
VMS> fortran cfortex.for
VMS> link/exec=cfortest cfortest,cfortex
VMS> run cfortest

OSF1 xxxxxx V3.0 347 alpha
Alpha/OSF> # Probably better to let cc drive linking, e.g.
Alpha/OSF> f77 -c cfortex.f
Alpha/OSF> cc  -o cfortest cfortest.c cfortex.o -lUfor -lfor -lFutil -lots -lm
Alpha/OSF> cfortest
Alpha/OSF> # Else may need 'cc -Dmain=MAIN__' to let f77 drive linking.

Sun> # Some old cc(1) need a little help. [See Section II o) Notes: Sun]
Sun> f77 -o cfortest cfortest.c cfortex.f -lc -lm  &&  cfortest
Sun> # Some older f77 may require 'cc -Dmain=MAIN_'.

CRAY> cft77 cfortex.f
CRAY> cc -c cfortest.c
CRAY> segldr -o cfortest.e cfortest.o cfortex.o
CRAY> ./cfortest.e

NEC> cc -c -Xa cfortest.c
NEC> f77 -o cfortest cfortest.o cfortex.f  &&  cfortest

VAX/Ultrix/cc> # For cc on VAX Ultrix only, do the following once to cfortran.h.
VAX/Ultrix/cc> mv cfortran.h cftmp.h && grep -v "^#pragma" cfortran.h
                                            
VAX/Ultrix/f77> # In the following, 'CC' is either 'cc' or 'gcc -ansi'. NOT'vcc'
VAX/Ultrix/f77> CC -c -Dmain=MAIN_ cfortest.c
VAX/Ultrix/f77> f77 -o cfortest cfortex.f cfortest.o  &&  cfortest

LynxOS> # In the following, 'CC' is either 'cc' or 'gcc -ansi'.
LynxOS> # Unfortunately cc is easily overwhelmed by cfortran.h,
LynxOS> #  and won't compile some of the cfortest.c demos.
LynxOS> f2c -R cfortex.f
LynxOS> CC -Dlynx -o cfortest cfortest.c cfortex.c -lf2c  &&  cfortest

HP9000> # Tested with HP-UX 7.05 B 9000/380 and with A.08.07 A 9000/730
HP9000> # CC may be either 'c89 -Aa' or 'cc -Aa'
HP9000> #    Depending on the compiler version, you may need to include the
HP9000> #    option '-tp,/lib/cpp' or worse, you'll have to stick to the K&R C.
HP9000> #    [See Section II o) Notes: HP9000]
HP9000> # Users are strongly urged to use f77 +ppu and cc -Dextname
HP9000> # Use -Dextname=extname if extname is a symbol used in the C code.
HP9000> CC  -Dextname -c cfortest.c
HP9000> f77 +ppu         cfortex.f  -o cfortest cfortest.o && cfortest
HP9000> # Older f77 may need
HP9000> f77 -c cfortex.f
HP9000> CC -o cfortest cfortest.c cfortex.o -lI77 -lF77 && cfortest

HP0000> # If old-style f77 +800 compiled objects are required:
HP9000> # #define hpuxFortran800
HP9000> cc -c -Aa -DhpuxFortran800 cfortest.c
HP9000> f77 +800 -o cfortest cfortest.o cfortex.f

f2c> # In the following, 'CC' is any C compiler.
f2c> f2c -R cfortex.f
f2c> CC -o cfortest -Df2cFortran cfortest.c cfortex.c -lf2c  &&  cfortest

Portland Group $ # Presumably other C compilers also work.
Portland Group $ pgcc -DpgiFortran -c cfortest.c
Portland Group $ pgf77 -o cfortest cfortex.f cfortest.o && cfortest

NAGf90> # cfortex.f is distributed with Fortran 77 style comments.
NAGf90> # To convert to f90 style comments do the following once to cfortex.f: 
NAGf90> mv cfortex.f cf_temp.f && sed 's/^C/\!/g' cf_temp.f > cfortex.f
NAGf90> # In the following, 'CC' is any C compiler.
NAGf90> CC -c -DNAGf90Fortran cfortest.c
NAGf90> f90 -o cfortest cfortest.o cfortex.f &&  cfortest

PC> # On a PC with PowerStation Fortran and Visual_C++
PC> cl /c cftest.c
PC> fl32  cftest.obj cftex.for

GNU> # GNU Fortran
GNU> # See Section VI caveat on using 'gcc -traditional'.
GNU> gcc -ansi -Wall -O -c -Df2cFortran cfortest.c
GNU> g77 -ff2c -o cfortest cfortest.o cfortex.f &&  cfortest

AbsoftUNIX> # Absoft Fortran for all UNIX based operating systems.
AbsoftUNIX> # e.g. Linux or Next on Intel or Motorola68000.
AbsoftUNIX> # Absoft f77 -k allows Fortran routines to be safely called from C.
AbsoftUNIX> gcc -ansi -Wall -O -c -DAbsoftUNIXFortran cfortest.c
AbsoftUNIX> f77 -k -o cfortest cfortest.o cfortex.f && cfortest

AbsoftPro> # Absoft Pro Fortran for MacOS
AbsoftPro> # Use #define AbsoftProFortran

CLIPPER> # INTERGRAPH CLIX using CLIPPER C and Fortran compilers.
CLIPPER> # N.B. - User, not cfortran.h, is responsible for
CLIPPER> #        f77initio() and f77uninitio() if required.
CLIPPER> #      - LOGICAL values are not mentioned in CLIPPER doc.s,
CLIPPER> #        so they may not yet be correct in cfortran.h.
CLIPPER> #      - K&R mode (-knr or Ac=knr) breaks FLOAT functions
CLIPPER> #        (see CLIPPER doc.s) and cfortran.h does not fix it up.
CLIPPER> #        [cfortran.h ok for old sun C which made the same mistake.]
CLIPPER> acc cfortest.c -c -DCLIPPERFortran
CLIPPER> af77 cfortex.f cfortest.o -o cfortest


By changing the SELECTion ifdef of cfortest.c and recompiling one can try out
a few dozen different few-line examples.



The benefits of using cfortran.h include:
1. Machine/OS/compiler independent mixing of C and FORTRAN.

2. Identical (within syntax) calls across languages, e.g.
C FORTRAN
      CALL HBOOK1(1,'pT spectrum of pi+',100,0.,5.,0.)
/* C*/
           HBOOK1(1,"pT spectrum of pi+",100,0.,5.,0.);

3. Each routine need only be set up once in its lifetime. e.g.
/* Setting up a FORTRAN routine to be called by C.
   ID,...,VMX are merely the names of arguments.
   These tags must be unique w.r.t. each other but are otherwise arbitrary. */
PROTOCCALLSFSUB6(HBOOK1,hbook1,INT,STRING,INT,FLOAT,FLOAT,FLOAT)
#define HBOOK1(ID,CHTITLE,NX,XMI,XMA,VMX)                        \
     CCALLSFSUB6(HBOOK1,hbook1,INT,STRING,INT,FLOAT,FLOAT,FLOAT, \
               ID,CHTITLE,NX,XMI,XMA,VMX) 

4. Source code is NOT required for the C routines exported to FORTRAN, nor for
   the FORTRAN routines imported to C. In fact, routines are most easily
   prototyped using the information in the routines' documentation.

5. Routines, and the code calling them, can be coded naturally in the language
   of choice. C routines may be coded with the natural assumption of being 
   called only by C code. cfortran.h does all the required work for FORTRAN 
   code to call C routines. Similarly it also does all the work required for C
   to call FORTRAN routines. Therefore:
     - C programmers need not embed FORTRAN argument passing mechanisms into 
       their code.
     - FORTRAN code need not be converted into C code. i.e. The honed and 
       time-honored FORTRAN routines are called by C.

6. cfortran.h is a single ~1700 line C include file; portable to most
   remaining, if not all, platforms.

7. STRINGS and VECTORS of STRINGS along with the usual simple arguments to 
   routines are supported as are functions returning STRINGS or numbers. Arrays
   of pointers to strings and values of structures as C arguments, will soon be
   implemented. After learning the machinery of cfortran.h, users can expand 
   it to create custom types of arguments. [This requires no modification to
   cfortran.h, all the preprocessor directives required to implement the
   custom types can be defined outside cfortran.h]

8. cfortran.h requires each routine to be exported to be explicitly set up. 
   While is usually only be done once in a header file it would be best if
   applications were required to do no work at all in order to cross languages.
   cfortran.h's simple syntax could be a convenient back-end for a program
   which would export FORTRAN or C routines directly from the source code. 


                                    -----

Example 1 - cfortran.h has been used to make the C header file hbook.h, 
            which then gives any C programmer, e.g. example.c, full and 
            completely transparent access to CERN's HBOOK library of routines.
            Each HBOOK routine required about 3 lines of simple code in
            hbook.h. The example also demonstrates how FORTRAN common blocks
            are defined and used.

/* hbook.h */
#include "cfortran.h"
        :
PROTOCCALLSFSUB6(HBOOK1,hbook1,INT,STRING,INT,FLOAT,FLOAT,FLOAT)
#define HBOOK1(ID,CHTITLE,NX,XMI,XMA,VMX)                        \
     CCALLSFSUB6(HBOOK1,hbook1,INT,STRING,INT,FLOAT,FLOAT,FLOAT, \
               ID,CHTITLE,NX,XMI,XMA,VMX) 
        :
/* end hbook.h */

/* example.c */
#include "hbook.h"
        :
typedef struct {
  int lines;  
  int status[SIZE];
  float p[SIZE];  /* momentum */
} FAKE_DEF;
#define FAKE COMMON_BLOCK(FAKE,fake)
COMMON_BLOCK_DEF(FAKE_DEF,FAKE);
        :
main ()
{
        :
           HBOOK1(1,"pT spectrum of pi+",100,0.,5.,0.);
/* c.f. the call in FORTRAN:
      CALL HBOOK1(1,'pT spectrum of pi+',100,0.,5.,0.)
*/
        :
  FAKE.p[7]=1.0;
	:
}           

N.B. i) The routine is language independent.
    ii) hbook.h is machine independent.  
   iii) Applications using routines via cfortran.h are machine independent.

                                    -----

Example 2 - Many VMS System calls are most easily called from FORTRAN, but
            cfortran.h now gives that ease in C.

#include "cfortran.h"

PROTOCCALLSFSUB3(LIB$SPAWN,lib$spawn,STRING,STRING,STRING)
#define LIB$SPAWN(command,input_file,output_file)          \
     CCALLSFSUB3(LIB$SPAWN,lib$spawn,STRING,STRING,STRING, \
                  command,input_file,output_file)

main ()
{
LIB$SPAWN("set term/width=132","","");
}

Obviously the cfortran.h command above could be put into a header file along
with the description of the other system calls, but as this example shows, it's
not much hassle to set up cfortran.h for even a single call.

                                    -----

Example 3 - cfortran.h and the source cstring.c create the cstring.obj library 
            which gives FORTRAN access to all the functions in C's system 
            library described by the system's C header file string.h.

C     EXAMPLE.FOR
      PROGRAM EXAMPLE
      DIMENSION I(20), J(30)
        :
      CALL MEMCPY(I,J,7)
        :
      END

/* cstring.c */
#include              /* string.h prototypes memcpy() */
#include "cfortran.h"

        :
FCALLSCSUB3(memcpy,MEMCPY,memcpy,PVOID,PVOID,INT)
        :


The simplicity exhibited in the above example exists for many but not all
machines. Note 4. of Section II ii) details the limitations and describes tools
which try to maintain the best possible interface when FORTRAN calls C
routines.

                                    -----


II Using cfortran.h
-------------------

The user is asked to look at the source files cfortest.c and cfortex.f
for clarification by example.

o) Notes: 

o Specifying the Fortran compiler
  cfortran.h generates interfaces for the default Fortran compiler. The default
can be overridden by defining, 
     . in the code,              e.g.: #define    NAGf90Fortran
  OR . in the compile directive, e.g.: unix> cc -DNAGf90Fortran
one of the following before including cfortran.h:
 NAGf90Fortran   f2cFortran  hpuxFortran  apolloFortran  sunFortran
  IBMR2Fortran  CRAYFortran  mipsFortran     DECFortran  vmsFortran
 CONVEXFortran       PowerStationFortran          AbsoftUNIXFortran
     SXFortran   pgiFortran                        AbsoftProFortran
This also allows crosscompilation.
If wanted, NAGf90Fortran, f2cFortran, DECFortran, AbsoftUNIXFortran,
AbsoftProFortran and pgiFortran must be requested by the user.

o /**/
  cfortran.h (ab)uses the comment kludge /**/ when the ANSI C preprocessor
catenation operator ## doesn't exist. In at least MIPS C, this kludge is
sensitive to  blanks surrounding arguments to macros.
  Therefore, for applications using non-ANSI C compilers, the argtype_i,
routine_name, routine_type and common_block_name arguments to the
PROTOCCALLSFFUNn, CCALLSFSUB/FUNn, FCALLSCSUB/FUNn and COMMON_BLOCK macros 
--- MUST NOT --- be followed by any white space characters such as
blanks, tabs or newlines.

o LOGICAL
  FORTRAN LOGICAL values of .TRUE. and .FALSE. do not agree with the C
representation of TRUE and FALSE on all machines. cfortran.h does the
conversion for LOGICAL and PLOGICAL arguments and for functions returning
LOGICAL. Users must convert arrays of LOGICALs from C to FORTRAN with the 
C2FLOGICALV(array_name, elements_in_array); macro. Similarly, arrays of LOGICAL
values may be converted from the FORTRAN into C representation by using
F2CLOGICALV(array_name, elements_in_array);

  When C passes or returns LOGICAL values to FORTRAN, by default cfortran.h 
only makes the minimal changes required to the value. [e.g. Set/Unset the 
single relevant bit or do nothing for FORTRAN compilers which use 0 as FALSE
and treat all other values as TRUE.] Therefore cfortran.h will pass LOGICALs
to FORTRAN which do not have an identical representation to .TRUE. or .FALSE.
This is fine except for abuses of FORTRAN/77 in the style of:
       logical l
       if (l .eq. .TRUE.)     ! (1)
instead of the correct:
       if (l .eqv. .TRUE.)    ! (2)
or:
       if (l)                 ! (3)
For FORTRAN code which treats LOGICALs from C in the method of (1),
LOGICAL_STRICT must be defined before including cfortran.h, either in the
code, "#define LOGICAL_STRICT", or compile with "cc -DLOGICAL_STRICT".
There is no reason to use LOGICAL_STRICT for FORTRAN code which does not do (1).
At least the IBM's xlf and the Apollo's f77 do not even allow code along the
lines of (1).

  DECstations' DECFortran and MIPS FORTRAN compilers use different internal
representations for LOGICAL values. [Both compilers are usually called f77,
although when both are installed on a single machine the MIPS' one is usually
renamed. (e.g. f772.1 for version 2.10.)] cc doesn't know which FORTRAN
compiler is present, so cfortran.h assumes MIPS f77. To use cc with DECFortran
define the preprocessor constant 'DECFortran'.
e.g.        i)  cc -DDECFortran -c the_code.c
        or  ii) #define DECFortran  /* in the C code or add to cfortran.h. */

  MIPS f77 [SGI and DECstations], f2c, and f77 on VAX Ultrix treat
.eqv./.neqv. as .eq./.ne.. Therefore, for these compilers, LOGICAL_STRICT is
defined by default in cfortran.h. [The Sun and HP compilers have not been
tested, so they may also require LOGICAL_STRICT as the default.]

o SHORT and BYTE 
  They are irrelevant for the CRAY where FORTRAN has no equivalent to C's short.
Similarly BYTE is irrelevant for f2c and for VAX Ultrix f77 and fort. The
author has tested SHORT and BYTE with a modified cfortest.c/cfortex.f on all
machines supported except for the HP9000 and the Sun.

  BYTE is a signed 8-bit quantity, i.e. values are -128 to 127, on all machines
except for the SGI [at least for MIPS Computer Systems 2.0.] On the SGI it is
an unsigned 8-bit quantity, i.e. values are 0 to 255, although the SGI 'FORTRAN
77 Programmers Guide' claims BYTE is signed. Perhaps MIPS 2.0 is dated, since
the DECstations using MIPS 2.10 f77 have a signed BYTE.

  To minimize the difficulties of signed and unsigned BYTE, cfortran.h creates
the type 'INTEGER_BYTE' to agree with FORTRAN's BYTE. Users may define 
SIGNED_BYTE or UNSIGNED_BYTE, before including cfortran.h, to specify FORTRAN's
BYTE. If neither is defined, cfortran.h assumes SIGNED_BYTE.

o CRAY
  The type DOUBLE in cfortran.h corresponds to FORTRAN's DOUBLE PRECISION.
  The type FLOAT  in cfortran.h corresponds to FORTRAN's REAL.

On a classic CRAY [i.e. all models except for the t3e]:
( 64 bit) C float       == C double == Fortran REAL
(128 bit) C long double             == Fortran DOUBLE PRECISION
Therefore when moving a mixed C and FORTRAN app. to/from a classic CRAY,
either the C code will have to change,
or the FORTRAN code and cfortran.h declarations will have to change.
DOUBLE_PRECISION is a cfortran.h macro which provides the former option,
i.e. the C code is automatically changed.
DOUBLE_PRECISION is 'long double' on classic CRAY and 'double' elsewhere.
DOUBLE_PRECISION thus corresponds to FORTRAN's DOUBLE PRECISION
on all machines, including classic CRAY.

On a classic CRAY with the fortran compiler flag '-dp':
Fortran DOUBLE PRECISION thus is also the faster 64bit type.
(This switch is often used since the application is usually satisfied by
 64 bit precision and the application needs the speed.)
DOUBLE_PRECISION is thus not required in this case,
since the classic CRAY behaves like all other machines.
If DOUBLE_PRECISION is used nonetheless, then on the classic CRAY
the default cfortran.h behavior must be overridden,
for example by the C compiler option '-DDOUBLE_PRECISION=double'.

On a CRAY t3e:
(32 bit) C float                   == Fortran Unavailable
(64 bit) C double == C long double == Fortran REAL == Fortran DOUBLE PRECISION
Notes:
- (32 bit) is available as Fortran REAL*4 and
  (64 bit) is available as Fortran REAL*8.
  Since cfortran.h is all about more portability, not about less portability,
  the use of the nonstandard REAL*4 and REAL*8 is strongly discouraged.
- Fortran DOUBLE PRECISION is folded to REAL with the following warning:
    'DOUBLE PRECISION is not supported on this platform.  REAL will be used.'
  Similarly, Fortran REAL*16 is mapped to REAL*8 with a warning.
This behavior differs from that of other machines, including the classic CRAY.
FORTRAN_REAL is thus introduced for the t3e,
just as DOUBLE_PRECISION is introduced for the classic CRAY.
FORTRAN_REAL is 'double' on t3e and 'float' elsewhere.
FORTRAN_REAL thus corresponds to FORTRAN's REAL on all machines, including t3e.


o f2c
  f2c, by default promotes REAL functions to double. cfortran.h does not (yet)
support this, so the f2c -R option must be used to turn this promotion off.

o f2c
[Thanks to Dario Autiero for pointing out the following.]
f2c has a strange feature in that either one or two underscores are appended
to a Fortran name of a routine or common block,
depending on whether or not the original name contains an underscore.

   S.I. Feldman et al., "A fortran to C converter",
   Computing Science Technical Report No. 149.

   page 2, chapter 2: INTERLANGUAGE conventions
   ...........
   To avoid conflict with the names of library routines and with names that
   f2c generates,
   Fortran names may have one or two underscores appended. Fortran names are
   forced to lower case (unless the -U option described in Appendix B is in
   effect); external names, i.e. the names of fortran procedures and common
   blocks, have a single underscore appended if they do not contain any
   underscore and have a pair of underscores appended if they do contain
   underscores. Thus fortran subroutines names ABC, A_B_C and A_B_C_ result
   in C functions named abc_, a_b_c__ and a_b_c___.
   ...........

cfortran.h is unable to change the naming convention on a name by name basis.
Fortran routine and common block names which do not contain an underscore
are unaffected by this feature.
Names which do contain an underscore may use the following work-around:

/* First 2 lines are a completely standard cfortran.h interface
   to the Fortran routine E_ASY . */
                  PROTOCCALLSFSUB2(E_ASY,e_asy, PINT, INT)
#define E_ASY(A,B)     CCALLSFSUB2(E_ASY,e_asy, PINT, INT, A, B)
#ifdef f2cFortran
#define e_asy_ e_asy__
#endif
/* Last three lines are a work-around for the strange f2c naming feature. */

o NAG f90
  The Fortran 77 subset of Fortran 90 is supported. Extending cfortran.h to 
interface C with all of Fortran 90 has not yet been examined.
  The NAG f90 library hijacks the main() of any program and starts the user's 
program with a call to: void f90_main(void);
While this in itself is only a minor hassle, a major problem arises because
NAG f90 provides no mechanism to access command line arguments.
  At least version 'NAGWare f90 compiler Version 1.1(334)' appended _CB to
common block names instead of the usual _. To fix, add this to cfortran.h:
#ifdef old_NAG_f90_CB_COMMON
#define COMMON_BLOCK                 CFC_  /* for all other Fortran compilers */
#else
#define COMMON_BLOCK(UN,LN)          _(LN,_CB)
#endif

o RS/6000
  Using "xlf -qextname ...", which appends an underscore, '_', to all FORTRAN
external references, requires "cc -Dextname ..." so that cfortran.h also
generates these underscores.
Use -Dextname=extname if extname is a symbol used in the C code.
The use of "xlf -qextname" is STRONGLY ENCOURAGED, since it allows for
transparent naming schemes when mixing C and Fortran.

o HP9000
  Using "f77 +ppu      ...", which appends an underscore, '_', to all FORTRAN
external references, requires "cc -Dextname ..." so that cfortran.h also
generates these underscores.
Use -Dextname=extname if extname is a symbol used in the C code.
The use of "f77 +ppu"      is STRONGLY ENCOURAGED, since it allows for
transparent naming schemes when mixing C and Fortran.

  At least one release of the HP /lib/cpp.ansi preprocessor is broken and will
go into an infinite loop when trying to process cfortran.h with the
## catenation operator. The K&R version of cfortran.h must then be used and the
K&R preprocessor must be specified. e.g.
                                         HP9000> cc -Aa -tp,/lib/cpp -c source.c
The same problem with a similar solution exists on the Apollo.
An irrelevant error message '0: extraneous name /usr/include' will appear for
each source file due to another HP bug, and can be safely ignored.
e.g. 'cc -v -c -Aa -tp,/lib/cpp cfortest.c' will show that the driver passes
'-I /usr/include' instead of '-I/usr/include' to /lib/cpp

On some machines the above error causes compilation to stop; one must then use
K&R C, as with old HP compilers which don't support function prototyping.
cfortran.h has to be informed that K&R C is to being used, e.g.
HP9000> cc -D__CF__KnR -c source.c

o AbsoftUNIXFortran
By default, cfortran.h follows the default AbsoftUNIX/ProFortran and prepends _C
to each COMMON BLOCK name. To override the cfortran.h behavior
#define COMMON_BLOCK(UN,LN) before #including cfortran.h.
[Search for COMMON_BLOCK in cfortran.h for examples.]

o Apollo
On at least one release, 'C compiler 68K Rev6.8(168)', the default C 
preprocessor, from cc -A xansi or cc -A ansi, enters an infinite loop when 
using cfortran.h. This Apollo bug can be circumvented by using:
     . cc -DANSI_C_preprocessor=0 to force use of /**/, instead of '##'.
 AND . The pre-ANSI preprocessor, i.e. use cc -Yp,/usr/lib
The same problem with a similar solution exists on the HP.

o Sun
Old versions of cc(1), say <~1986, may require help for cfortran.h applications:
 . #pragma may not be understood, hence cfortran.h and cfortest.c may require
   sun> mv cfortran.h cftmp.h && grep -v "^#pragma" cfortran.h
   sun> mv cfortest.c cftmp.c && grep -v "^#pragma" cfortest.c
 . Old copies of math.h may not include the following from a newer math.h.
   [For an ancient math.h on a 386 or sparc, get similar from a new math.h.]
   #ifdef mc68000     /* 5 lines Copyright (c) 1988 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. */
   #define FLOATFUNCTIONTYPE	int
   #define RETURNFLOAT(x) 		return (*(int *)(&(x)))
   #define ASSIGNFLOAT(x,y)	*(int *)(&x) = y
   #endif

o CRAY, Sun, Apollo [pre 6.8 cc], VAX Ultrix and HP9000
  Only FORTRAN routines with less than 15 arguments can be prototyped for C,
since these compilers don't allow more than 31 arguments to a C macro. This can
be overcome, [see Section IV], with access to any C compiler without this
limitation, e.g. gcc, on ANY machine.

o VAX Ultrix
  vcc (1) with f77 is not supported. Although: 
VAXUltrix> f77 -c cfortex.f
VAXUltrix> vcc -o cfortest cfortest.c cfortex.o -lI77 -lU77 -lF77  &&  cfortest
will link and run. However, the FORTRAN standard I/O is NOT merged with the
stdin and stdout of C, and instead uses the files fort.6 and fort.5. For vcc,
f77 can't drive the linking, as for gcc and cc, since vcc objects must be
linked using lk (1).  f77 -v doesn't tell much, and without VAX Ultrix manuals,
the author can only wait for the info. required.

  fort (1) is not supported. Without VAX Ultrix manuals the author cannot 
convince vcc/gcc/cc and fort to generate names of routines and COMMON blocks
that match at the linker, lk (1). i.e. vcc/gcc/cc prepend a single underscore
to external references, e.g. NAME becomes _NAME, while fort does not modify the
references. So ... either fort has prepend an underscore to external
references, or vcc/gcc/cc have to generate unmodified names. man 1 fort
mentions JBL, is JBL the only way?

o VAX VMS C
  The compiler 'easily' exhausts its table space and generates:
%CC-F-BUGCHECK, Compiler bug check during parser phase    .
                Submit an SPR with a problem description.
                At line number 777 in DISK:[DIR]FILE.C;1.
where the line given, '777', includes a call across C and FORTRAN via
cfortran.h, usually with >7 arguments and/or very long argument expressions.
This SPR can be staved off, with the simple modification to cfortran.h, such
that the relevant CCALLSFSUBn (or CCALLSFFUNn or FCALLSCFUNn) is not
cascaded up to CCALLSFSUB14, and instead has its own copy of the contents of 
CCALLSFSUB14. [If these instructions are not obvious after examining cfortran.h
please contact the author.]
[Thanks go to Mark Kyprianou (kyp@stsci.edu) for this solution.]

o Mips compilers
  e.g. DECstations and SGI, require applications with a C main() and calls to
GETARG(3F), i.e. FORTRAN routines returning the command line arguments, to use
two macros as shown:
        :
CF_DECLARE_GETARG;              /* This must be external to all routines.     */
        :
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
        :
CF_SET_GETARG(argc,argv);       /* This must precede any calls to GETARG(3F). */
        :
}
The macros are null and benign on all other systems. Sun's GETARG(3F) also
doesn't work with a generic C main() and perhaps a workaround similar to the
Mips' one exists.

o Alpha/OSF
Using the DEC Fortran and the DEC C compilers of DEC OSF/1 [RT] V1.2 (Rev. 10),
Fortran, when called from C, has occasional trouble using a routine received as
a dummy argument.

e.g. In the following the Fortran routine 'e' will crash when it tries to use
     the C routine 'c' or the Fortran routine 'f'.
     The example works on other systems.

C FORTRAN                           /* C */
      integer function f()          #include 
      f = 2                         int f_();
      return                        int e_(int (*u)());
      end
                                    int c(){ return 1;}
      integer function e(u)         int d (int (*u)()) { return u();}
      integer u
      external u                    main()
      e=u()                         {         /* Calls to d  work.  */
      return                        printf("d (c ) returns %d.\n",d (c ));
      end                           printf("d (f_) returns %d.\n",d (f_));
                                              /* Calls to e_ crash. */
                                    printf("e_(c ) returns %d.\n",e_(c ));
                                    printf("e_(f_) returns %d.\n",e_(f_));
                                    }

Solutions to the problem are welcomed!
A kludge which allows the above example to work correctly, requires an extra
argument to be given when calling the dummy argument function.
i.e. Replacing 'e=u()' by 'e=u(1)' allows the above example to work.


o The FORTRAN routines are called using macro expansions, therefore the usual
caveats for expressions in arguments apply. The expressions to the routines may
be evaluated more than once, leading to lower performance and in the worst case
bizarre bugs.

o For those who wish to use cfortran.h in large applications. [See Section IV.]
This release is intended to make it easy to get applications up and running. 
This implies that applications are not as efficient as they could be:
- The current mechanism is inefficient if a single header file is used to
  describe a large library of FORTRAN functions. Code for a static wrapper fn.
  is generated in each piece of C source code for each FORTRAN function 
  specified with the CCALLSFFUNn statement, irrespective of whether or not the
  function is ever called. 
- Code for several static utility routines internal to cfortran.h is placed 
  into any source code which #includes cfortran.h. These routines should
  probably be in a library.


i) Calling FORTRAN routines from C:
   --------------------------------

The FORTRAN routines are defined by one of the following two instructions:

for a SUBROUTINE:
/* PROTOCCALLSFSUBn is optional for C, but mandatory for C++. */
PROTOCCALLSFSUBn(ROUTINE_NAME,routine_name,argtype_1,...,argtype_n)
#define     Routine_name(argname_1,..,argname_n)               \
CCALLSFSUBn(ROUTINE_NAME,routine_name,argtype_1,...,argtype_n, \
                         argname_1,..,argname_n) 

for a FUNCTION:
PROTOCCALLSFFUNn(routine_type,ROUTINE_NAME,routine_name,argtype_1,...,argtype_n)
#define     Routine_name(argname_1,..,argname_n)               \
CCALLSFFUNn(ROUTINE_NAME,routine_name,argtype_1,...,argtype_n, \
                         argname_1,..,argname_n) 

Where:
'n' = 0->14 [SUBROUTINE's ->27] (easily expanded in cfortran.h to > 14 [27]) is 
    the number of arguments to the routine.
Routine_name = C       name of the routine (IN UPPER CASE LETTERS).[see 2.below]
ROUTINE_NAME = FORTRAN name of the routine (IN UPPER CASE LETTERS).
routine_name = FORTRAN name of the routine (IN lower case LETTERS).
routine_type = the type of argument returned by FORTRAN functions.
             = BYTE, DOUBLE, FLOAT, INT, LOGICAL, LONG, SHORT, STRING, VOID.
               [Instead of VOID one would usually use CCALLSFSUBn.
                VOID forces a wrapper function to be used.]
argtype_i    = the type of argument passed to the FORTRAN routine and must be
               consistent in the definition and prototyping of the routine s.a.
             = BYTE, DOUBLE, FLOAT, INT, LOGICAL, LONG, SHORT, STRING.
             For vectors, i.e. 1 dim. arrays use 
             = BYTEV, DOUBLEV, FLOATV, INTV, LOGICALV, LONGV, SHORTV, 
               STRINGV, ZTRINGV.
             For vectors of vectors, i.e. 2 dim. arrays use
             = BYTEVV, DOUBLEVV, FLOATVV, INTVV, LOGICALVV, LONGVV, SHORTVV.
             For n-dim. arrays, 1<=n<=7 [7 is the maximum in Fortran 77],
             = BYTEV..nV's..V, DOUBLEV..V, FLOATV..V, INTV..V, LOGICALV..V, 
               LONGV..V, SHORTV..V.
                N.B. Array dimensions and types are checked by the C compiler.
             For routines changing the values of an argument, the keyword is 
                  prepended by a 'P'.
             = PBYTE, PDOUBLE, PFLOAT, PINT, PLOGICAL, PLONG, PSHORT,
               PSTRING, PSTRINGV, PZTRINGV.
             For EXTERNAL procedures passed as arguments use
             = ROUTINE.
             For exceptional arguments which require no massaging to fit the
                  argument passing mechanisms use
             = PVOID.
                The argument is cast and passed as (void *).
                Although PVOID could be used to describe all array arguments on
                most (all?) machines , it shouldn't be because the C compiler
                can no longer check the type and dimension of the array.
argname_i    = any valid unique C tag, but must be consistent in the definition 
               as shown.

Notes:

1. cfortran.h may be expanded to handle a more argument type. To suppport new
arguments requiring complicated massaging when passed  between Fortran and C,
the user will have to understand cfortran.h and follow its code and mechanisms.

To define types requiring little or no massaging when passed between Fortran 
and C, the pseudo argument type SIMPLE may be used.
For a user defined type called 'newtype', the definitions required are:

/* The following 7 lines are required verbatim.
   'newtype' is the name of the new user defined argument type.
*/
#define newtype_cfV(  T,A,B,F)       SIMPLE_cfV(T,A,B,F)
#define newtype_cfSEP(T,  B)         SIMPLE_cfSEP(T,B)
#define newtype_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z)   SIMPLE_cfINT(N,A,B,X,Y,Z)
#define newtype_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E) SIMPLE_cfSTR(N,T,A,B,C,D,E)
#define newtype_cfCC( T,A,B)         SIMPLE_cfCC(T,A,B)
#define newtype_cfAA( T,A,B)         newtype_cfB(T,A) /* Argument B not used. */
#define newtype_cfU(  T,A)           newtype_cfN(T,A)

/* 'parameter_type(A)' is a declaration for 'A' and describes the type of the 
parameter expected by the Fortran function.  This type will be used in the
prototype for the function, if  using ANSI C, and to declare the argument used
by the intermediate function if calling a Fortran FUNCTION.
Valid 'parameter_type(A)' include: int A
                                   void (*A)()
                                   double A[17]
*/
#define newtype_cfN(  T,A)     parameter_type(A)      /* Argument T not used. */

/* Before any argument of the new type is passed to the Fortran routine, it may
be massaged as given by 'massage(A)'.
*/
#define newtype_cfB(  T,A)     massage(A)             /* Argument T not used. */

An example of a simple user defined type is given cfortex.f and cfortest.c.
Two uses of SIMPLE user defined types are [don't show the 7 verbatim #defines]:

/* Pass the address of a structure, using a type called PSTRUCT */
#define PSTRUCT_cfN(  T,A)        void *A
#define PSTRUCT_cfB(  T,A)       (void *) &(A)

/* Pass an integer by value, (not standard F77 ), using a type called INTVAL */
#define INTVAL_cfN(   T,A)      int A
#define INTVAL_cfB(   T,A)         (A)

[If using VAX VMS, surrounding the #defines with "#pragma (no)standard" allows
 the %CC-I-PARAMNOTUSED messages to be avoided.]

Upgrades to cfortran.h try to be, and have been, backwards compatible. This
compatibility cannot be offered to user defined types. SIMPLE user defined 
types are less of a risk since they require so little effort in their creation.
If a user defined type is required in more than one C header file of interfaces
to libraries of Fortran routines, good programming practice, and ease of code
maintenance, suggests keeping any user defined type within a single file which
is #included as required. To date, changes to the SIMPLE macros were introduced
in versions 2.6, 3.0 and 3.2 of cfortran.h.


2. Routine_name is the name of the macro which the C programmer will use in
order to call a FORTRAN routine. In theory Routine_name could be any valid and
unique name, but in practice, the name of the FORTRAN routine in UPPER CASE
works everywhere and would seem to be an obvious choice.


3. 

cfortran.h encourages the exact specification of the type and dimension of
array parameters because it allows the C compiler to detect errors in the
arguments when calling the routine.

cfortran.h does not strictly require the exact specification since the argument 
is merely the address of the array and is passed on to the calling routine.
Any array parameter could be declared as PVOID, but this circumvents
C's compiletime ability to check the correctness of arguments and is therefore
discouraged.

Passing the address of these arguments implies that PBYTEV, PFLOATV, ... ,
PDOUBLEVV, ... don't exist in cfortran.h, since by default the routine and the
calling code share the same array, i.e. the same values at the same memory
location.

These comments do NOT apply to arrays of (P)S/ZTRINGV. For these parameters,
cfortran.h passes a massaged copy of the array to the routine. When the routine
returns, S/ZTRINGV ignores the copy, while PS/ZTRINGV replaces the calling
code's original array with copy, which may have been modified by the called
routine.


4. (P)STRING(V):
- STRING - If the argument is a fixed length character array, e.g. char ar[8];,
the string is blank, ' ', padded on the right to fill out the array before
being passed to the FORTRAN routine. The useful size of the string is the same
in both languages, e.g. ar[8] is passed as character*7. If the argument is a
pointer, the string cannot be blank padded, so the length is passed as
strlen(argument). On return from the FORTRAN routine, pointer arguments are not
disturbed, but arrays have the terminating '\0' replaced to its original
position. i.e. The padding blanks are never visible to the C code.

- PSTRING - The argument is massaged as with STRING before being passed to the
FORTRAN routine. On return, the argument has all trailing blanks removed,
regardless of whether the argument was a pointer or an array.

- (P)STRINGV - Passes a 1- or 2-dimensional char array. e.g. char a[7],b[6][8];
STRINGV may thus also pass a string constant, e.g. "hiho".
(P)STRINGV does NOT pass a pointer, e.g. char *, to either a 1- or a
2-dimensional array, since it cannot determine the array dimensions.
A pointer can only be passed using (P)ZTRINGV.
N.B. If a C routine receives a character array argument, e.g. char a[2][3],
     such an argument is actually a pointer and my thus not be passed by
     (P)STRINGV. Instead (P)ZTRINGV must be used.

- STRINGV - The elements of the argument are copied into space malloc'd, and
each element is padded with blanks. The useful size of each element is the same
in both languages. Therefore char bb[6][8]; is equivalent to character*7 bb(6).
On return from the routine the malloc'd space is simply released.

- PSTRINGV - Since FORTRAN has no trailing '\0', elements in an array of
strings are contiguous. Therefore each element of the C array is padded with
blanks and strip out C's trailing '\0'. After returning from the routine, the
trailing '\0' is reinserted and kill the trailing blanks in each element.

- SUMMARY: STRING(V) arguments are blank padded during the call to the FORTRAN
routine, but remain original in the C code. (P)STRINGV arguments are blank
padded for the FORTRAN call, and after returning from FORTRAN trailing blanks
are stripped off.


5. (P)ZTRINGV:
- (P)ZTRINGV - is identical to (P)STRINGV,
except that the dimensions of the array of strings is explicitly specified,
which thus also allows a pointer to be passed.
(P)ZTRINGV can thus pass a 1- or 2-dimensional char array, e.g. char b[6][8],
or it can pass a pointer to such an array, e.g. char *p;.
ZTRINGV may thus also pass a string constant, e.g. "hiho".
If passing a 1-dimensional array, routine_name_ELEMS_j (see below) must be 1.
[Users of (P)ZTRINGV should examine cfortest.c for examples.]:

- (P)ZTRINGV must thus be used instead of (P)STRINGV whenever sizeof()
can't be used to determine the dimensions of the array of string or strings.
e.g. when calling FORTRAN from C with a char * received by C as an argument.

- There is no (P)ZTRING type, since (P)ZTRINGV can pass a 1-dimensional
array or a pointer to such an array, e.g. char a[7], *b;
If passing a 1-dimensional array, routine_name_ELEMS_j (see below) must be 1.

- To specify the numbers of elements,
routine_name_ELEMS_j and routine_name_ELEMLEN_j must be defined as shown below
before interfacing the routine with CCALLSFSUBn, PROTOCCALLSFFUNn, etc.

#define routine_name_ELEMS_j   ZTRINGV_ARGS(k)       
                                 [..ARGS for subroutines, ..ARGF for functions.]
or
#define routine_name_ELEMS_j   ZTRINGV_NUM(l)
Where: routine_name is as above.
       j            [1-n], is the argument being specifying.
       k            [1-n], the value of the k'th argument is the dynamic number
                    of elements for argument j. The k'th argument must be
                    of type BYTE, DOUBLE, FLOAT, INT, LONG or SHORT.
       l            the number of elements for argument j. This must be an
                    integer constant available at compile time.
                    i.e. it is static.

- Similarly to specify the useful length, [i.e. don't count C's trailing '\0',]
of each element:
#define routine_name_ELEMLEN_j ZTRINGV_ARGS(m)
                                 [..ARGS for subroutines, ..ARGF for functions.]
or
#define routine_name_ELEMLEN_j ZTRINGV_NUM(q)
Where: m            [1-n], as for k but this is the length of each element. 
       q            as for l but this is the length of each element. 


6. ROUTINE
The argument is an EXTERNAL procedure.

When C passes a routine to Fortran, the language of the function must be
specified as follows:  [The case of some_*_function must be given as shown.]

When C passes a C routine to a Fortran: 
    FORTRAN_ROUTINE(arg1, .... ,       
                    C_FUNCTION(SOME_C_FUNCTION,some_c_function),
                    ...., argn);

and similarly when C passes a Fortran routine to Fortran:
    FORTRAN_ROUTINE(arg1, .... ,
                    FORTRAN_FUNCTION(SOME_FORT_FUNCTION,some_fort_function),
                    ...., argn);

If fcallsc has been redefined; the same definition of fcallsc used when creating
the wrapper for 'some_c_function' must also be defined when C_FUNCTION is used.
See ii) 4. of this section for when and how to redefine fcallsc.

ROUTINE was introduced with cfortran.h version 2.6. Earlier versions of
cfortran.h used PVOID to pass external procedures as arguments. Using PVOID for
this purpose is no longer recommended since it won't work 'as is' for
apolloFortran, hpuxFortran800, AbsoftUNIXFortran, AbsoftProFortran.

7. CRAY only: 
In a given piece of source code, where FFUNC is any FORTRAN routine,
FORTRAN_FUNCTION(FFUNC,ffunc)
disallows a previous 
#define FFUNC(..) CCALLSFSUBn(FFUNC,ffunc,...) [ or CCALLSFFUNn]
in order to make the UPPER CASE FFUNC callable from C.
#define Ffunc(..) ... is OK though, as are obviously any other names.


ii) Calling C routines from FORTRAN:
    --------------------------------

Each of the following two statements to export a C routine to FORTRAN create
FORTRAN 'wrappers', written in C, which must be compiled and linked along with
the original C routines and with the FORTRAN calling code.

FORTRAN callable 'wrappers' may also be created for C macros. i.e. in this
section, the term 'C function' may be replaced by 'C macro'.

for C functions returning void:
FCALLSCSUBn(             Routine_name,ROUTINE_NAME,routine_name,argtype_1,...,argtype_n)

for all other C functions:
FCALLSCFUNn(routine_type,Routine_name,ROUTINE_NAME,routine_name,argtype_1,...,argtype_n)

Where:
'n' = 0->27 (easily expanded to > 27) stands for the number of arguments to the 
    routine.
Routine_name = the C       name of the routine. [see 9. below]
ROUTINE_NAME = the FORTRAN name of the routine (IN UPPER CASE LETTERS).
routine_name = the FORTRAN name of the routine (IN lower case LETTERS).
routine_type = the type of argument returned by C functions.
             = BYTE, DOUBLE, FLOAT, INT, LOGICAL, LONG, SHORT, STRING, VOID.
               [Instead of VOID, FCALLSCSUBn is recommended.]
argtype_i    = the type of argument passed to the FORTRAN routine and must be
               consistent in the definition and prototyping of the routine
             = BYTE, DOUBLE, FLOAT, INT, LOGICAL, LONG, SHORT, STRING.
             For vectors, i.e. 1 dim. arrays use 
             = BYTEV, DOUBLEV, FLOATV, INTV, LOGICALV, LONGV, SHORTV, STRINGV.
             For vectors of vectors, 2 dim. arrays use
             = BYTEVV, DOUBLEVV, FLOATVV, INTVV, LOGICALVV, LONGVV, SHORTVV.
             For n-dim. arrays use
             = BYTEV..nV's..V, DOUBLEV..V, FLOATV..V, INTV..V, LOGICALV..V, 
               LONGV..V, SHORTV..V.
             For routines changing the values of an argument, the keyword is 
                  prepended by a 'P'.
             = PBYTE, PDOUBLE, PFLOAT, PINT, PLOGICAL, PLONG, PSHORT, 
               PSTRING, PNSTRING, PPSTRING, PSTRINGV.
             For EXTERNAL procedures passed as arguments use
             = ROUTINE.
             For exceptional arguments which require no massaging to fit the
                  argument passing mechanisms use
             = PVOID.
                The argument is cast and passed as (void *).


Notes:

0. For Fortran calling C++ routines, C++ does NOT easily allow support for: 
   STRINGV.
   BYTEVV, DOUBLEVV, FLOATVV, INTVV, LOGICALVV, LONGVV, SHORTVV.
   BYTEV..V, DOUBLEV..V, FLOATV..V, INTV..V, LOGICALV..V, LONGV..V, SHORTV..V.
Though there are ways to get around this restriction,
the restriction is not serious since these types are unlikely to be used as
arguments for a C++ routine.

1. FCALLSCSUB/FUNn expect that the routine to be 'wrapped' has been properly
prototyped, or at least declared.


2. cfortran.h may be expanded to handle a new argument type not already among
the above. 


3. 

cfortran.h encourages the exact specification of the type and dimension of
array parameters because it allows the C compiler to detect errors in the
arguments when declaring the routine using FCALLSCSUB/FUNn, assuming the
routine to be 'wrapped' has been properly prototyped.

cfortran.h does not strictly require the exact specification since the argument 
is merely the address of the array and is passed on to the calling routine.
Any array parameter could be declared as PVOID, but this circumvents
C's compiletime ability to check the correctness of arguments and is therefore
discouraged.

Passing the address of these arguments implies that PBYTEV, PFLOATV, ... ,
PDOUBLEVV, ... don't exist in cfortran.h, since by default the routine and the
calling code share the same array, i.e. the same values at the same memory
location.

These comments do NOT apply to arrays of (P)STRINGV. For these parameters,
cfortran.h passes a massaged copy of the array to the routine. When the routine
returns, STRINGV ignores the copy, while PSTRINGV replaces the calling
code's original array with copy, which may have been modified by the called
routine.


4. (P(N))STRING arguments have any trailing blanks removed before being passed
to C, the same holds true for each element in (P)STRINGV. Space is malloc'd in
all cases big enough to hold the original string (elements) as well as C's
terminating '\0'. i.e. The useful size of the string (elements) is the same in
both languages. P(N)STRING(V) => the string (elements) will be copied from the
malloc'd space back into the FORTRAN bytes. If one of the two escape mechanisms
mentioned below for PNSTRING has been used, the copying back to FORTRAN is
obviously not relevant.


5. (PN)STRING's, [NOT PSTRING's nor (P)STRINGV's,] behavior may be overridden
in two cases.  In both cases PNSTRING and STRING behave identically.

a) If a (PN)STRING argument's first 4 bytes are all the NUL character,
i.e. '\0\0\0\0' the NULL pointer is passed to the C routine.

b) If the characters of a (PN)STRING argument contain at least one HEX-00, i.e.
the NUL character, i.e. C strings' terminating '\0', the address of the string
is simply passed to the C routine. i.e. The argument is treated in this case as
it would be with PPSTRING, to which we refer the reader for more detail.

Mechanism a) overrides b). Therefore, to use this mechanism to pass the NULL
string, "", to C, the first character of the string must obviously be the NUL
character, but of the first 4 characters in the string, at least one must not
be HEX-00.

Example:
C FORTRAN                         /* C */
      character*40 str            #include "cfortran.h"
C Set up a NULL as :              void cs(char *s) {if (s) printf("%s.\n",s);}
C    i)  4 NUL characters.        FCALLSCSUB1(cs,CS,cs,STRING)
C    ii) NULL pointer.
      character*4 NULL        
      NULL = CHAR(0)//CHAR(0)//CHAR(0)//CHAR(0)

      data str/'just some string'/

C Passing the NULL pointer to cs.
      call cs(NULL)
C Passing a copy of 'str' to cs.
      call cs(str)
C Passing address of 'str' to cs. Trailing blanks NOT killed.
      str(40:) = NULL
      call cs(str)
      end

Strings passed from Fortran to C via (PN)STRING must not have undefined
contents, otherwise undefined behavior will result, since one of the above two
escape mechanisms may occur depending on the contents of the string.

This is not be a problem for STRING arguments, which are read-only in the C
routine and hence must have a well defined value when being passed in.

PNSTRING arguments require special care. Even if they are write-only in the C
routine, PNSTRING's above two escape mechanisms require that the value of the
argument be well defined when being passed in from Fortran to C. Therefore,
unless one or both of PNSTRING's escape mechanisms are required, PSTRING should
be used instead of PNSTRING.
Prior to version 2.8, PSTRING did have the above two escape mechanisms,
but they were removed from PSTRING to allow strings with undefined contents to
be passed in. PNSTRING behaves like the old PSTRING.
[Thanks go to Paul Dubois (dubios@icf.llnl.gov) for pointing out that PSTRING
 must allow for strings with undefined contents to be passed in.]

Example:
C FORTRAN                         /* C */
      character*10 s,sn           #include "cfortran.h"
                                  void ps(char *s) {strcpy(s,"hello");}
C Can   call ps  with undef. s.   FCALLSCSUB1(ps,PS,ps,PSTRING)
      call ps(s)                  FCALLSCSUB1(ps,PNS,pns,PNSTRING)
      print *,s,'=s'
                              
C Can't call pns with undef. s.
C e.g. If first 4 bytes of s were
C      "\0\0\0\0", ps would try
C      to copy to NULL because
C      of PNSTRING mechanism.
      sn = ""
      call pns(sn)
      print *,sn,'=sn'
                                               
      end


6. PPSTRING
The address of the string argument is simply passed to the C routine. Therefore
the C routine and the FORTRAN calling code share the same string at the same
memory location. If the C routine modifies the string, the string will also be
modified for the FORTRAN calling code.
The user is responsible for negociating the differences in representation of a
string in Fortran and in C, i.e. the differences are not automatically resolved
as they are for (P(N)STRING(V).
This mechanism is provided for two reasons:
   - Some C routines require the string to exist at the given memory location, 
     after the C routine has exited. Recall that for the usual (P(N)STRING(V)
     mechanism, a copy of the FORTRAN string is given to the C routine, and this
     copy ceases to exist after returning to the FORTRAN calling code.
   - This mechanism can save runtime CPU cycles over (P(N)STRING(V), since it
     does not perform their malloc, copy and kill trailing blanks of the string
     to be passed.
     Only in a small minority of cases does the potential benefit of the saved
     CPU cycles outweigh the programming effort required to manually resolve
     the differences in representation of a string in Fortran and in C.

For arguments passed via PPSTRING, the argument passed may also be an array of
strings.


7. ROUTINE
ANSI C requires that the type of the value returned by the routine be known,
For all ROUTINE arguments passed from Fortran to C, the type of ROUTINE is
specified by defining a cast as follows:

#undef  ROUTINE_j
#define ROUTINE_j   (cast)
where:
       j            [1-n], is the argument being specifying.
       (cast)       is a cast matching that of the argument expected by the C
                    function protoytpe for which a wrapper is being defined.

e.g. To create a Fortran wrapper for qsort(3C):
#undef  ROUTINE_4
#define ROUTINE_4 (int (*)(void *,void *))
FCALLSCSUB4(qsort,FQSORT,fqsort,PVOID,INT,INT,ROUTINE)

In order to maintain backward compatibility, cfortran.h defines a generic cast
for ROUTINE_1, ROUTINE_2, ..., ROUTINE_27. The user's definition is therefore
strictly required only for DEC C, which at the moment is the only compiler
which insists on the correct cast for pointers to functions.

When using the ROUTINE argument inside some Fortran code:
- it is difficult to pass a C routine as the parameter,
  since in many Fortran implementations,
  Fortran has no access to the normal C namespace.
  e.g. For most UNIX,
       Fortran implicitly only has access to C routines ending in _.
  If the calling Fortran code receives the routine as a parameter
  it can of course easily pass it along.
- if a Fortran routine is passed directly as the parameter,
  the called C routine must call the parameter routine
  using the Fortran argument passing conventions.
- if a Fortran routine is to be passed as the parameter,
  but if Fortran can be made to pass a C routine as the parameter,
  then it may be best to pass a C-callable wrapper for the Fortran routine.
  The called C routine is thus spared all Fortran argument passing conventions.
  cfortran.h can be used to create such a C-callable wrapper
  to the parameter Fortran routine.

ONLY PowerStationFortran:
This Fortran provides no easy way to pass a Fortran routine as an argument to a
C routine. The problem arises because in Fortran the stack is cleared by the
called routine, while in C/C++ it is cleared by the caller.
The C/C++ stack clearing behavior can be changed to that of Fortran by using
stdcall__ in the function prototype. The stdcall__ cannot be applied in this
case since the called C routine expects the ROUTINE parameter to be a C routine
and does not know that it should apply stdcall__.
In principle the cfortran.h generated Fortran callable wrapper for the called C
routine should be able to massage the ROUTINE argument such that stdcall__ is
performed, but it is not yet known how this could be easily done.


8. THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS ARE NOT REQUIRED FOR VAX VMS
                                  ------------
(P)STRINGV information [NOT required for VAX VMS]: cfortran.h cannot convert
the FORTRAN vector of STRINGS to the required C vector of STRINGS without
explicitly knowing the number of elements in the vector. The application must
do one of the following for each (P)STRINGV argument in a routine before that
routine's FCALLSCFUNn/SUBn is called:

#define routine_name_STRV_Ai NUM_ELEMS(j)
 or
#define routine_name_STRV_Ai NUM_ELEM_ARG(k)
 or
#define routine_name_STRV_Ai TERM_CHARS(l,m)

where: routine_name     is as above.
       i [i=1->n.]      specifies the argument number of a STRING VECTOR.
       j                would specify a fixed number of elements. 
       k [k=1->n. k!=i] would specify an integer argument which specifies the
                        number of elements.
       l [char]         the terminating character at the beginning of an
                        element, indicating to cfortran.h that the preceding
                        elements in the vector are the valid ones.
       m [m=1-...]      the number of terminating characters required to appear
                        at the beginning of the terminating string element.
                        The terminating element is NOT passed on to 
                        the C routine.

e.g.      #define ce_STRV_A1 TERM_CHARS(' ',2)
          FCALLSCSUB1(ce,CE,ce,STRINGV)

cfortran.h will pass on all elements, in the 1st and only argument to the C
routine ce, of the STRING VECTOR until, but not including, the first string
element beginning with 2 blank, ' ', characters.


9. INSTRUCTIONS REQUIRED ONLY FOR FORTRAN COMPILERS WHICH GENERATE
                -------------     
   ROUTINE NAMES WHICH ARE UNDISTINGUISHABLE FROM C ROUTINE NAMES
   i.e. VAX VMS
        AbsoftUNIXFortran (AbsoftProFortran ok, since it uses Uppercase names.)
        HP9000      if not using the +ppu      option of f77
        IBM RS/6000 if not using the -qextname option of xlf
   Call them the same_namespace compilers.

FCALLSCSUBn(...) and FCALLSCFUNn(...), when compiled, are expanded into
'wrapper' functions, so called because they wrap around the original C 
functions and interface the format of the original C functions' arguments and
return values with the format of the FORTRAN call.

Ideally one wants to be able to call the C routine from FORTRAN using the same
name as the original C name. This is not a problem for FORTRAN compilers which
append an underscore, '_', to the names of routines, since the original C
routine has the name 'name', and the FORTRAN wrapper is called 'name_'.
Similarly, if the FORTRAN compiler generates upper case names for routines, the
original C routine 'name' can have a wrapper called 'NAME', [Assuming the C
routine name is not in upper case.] For these compilers, e.g. Mips, CRAY, IBM
RS/6000 'xlf -qextname', HP-UX 'f77 +ppu', the naming of the wrappers is done
automatically.

For same_namespace compilers things are not as simple, but cfortran.h tries to
provide tools and guidelines to minimize the costs involved in meeting their
constraints. The following two options can provide same_namespace compilers
with distinct names for the wrapper and the original C function.

These compilers are flagged by cfortran.h with the CF_SAME_NAMESPACE  constant,
so that the change in the C name occurs only when required.

For the remainder of the discussion, routine names generated by FORTRAN
compilers are referred to in lower case, these names should be read as upper
case for the appropriate compilers.


HP9000: (When f77 +ppu is not used.)
f77 has a -U option which forces uppercase external names to be generated.
Unfortunately, cc does not handle recursive macros. Hence, if one wished to use
-U for separate C and FORTRAN namespaces, one would have to adopt a different
convention of naming the macros which allow C to call FORTRAN subroutines.
(Functions are not a problem.) The macros are currently the uppercase of the
original FORTRAN name, and would have to be changed to lower case or mixed
case, or to a different name. (Lower case would of course cause conflicts on
many other machines.) Therefore, it is suggested that f77 -U  not be used, and
instead that Option a) or Option b) outlined below be used.


VAX/VMS:
For the name used by FORTRAN in calling a C routine to be the same as that of
the C routine, the source code of the C routine is required. A preprocessor
directive can then force the C compiler to generate a different name for the C
routine. 
e.g.                #if defined(vms)
                    #define name name_
                    #endif
                    void name() {printf("name: was called.\n");}
                    FCALLSCSUB0(name,NAME,name)

In the above, the C compiler generates the original routine with the name
'name_' and a wrapper called 'NAME'. This assumes that the name of the routine,
as seen by the C programmer, is not in upper case. The VAX VMS linker is not
case sensitive, allowing cfortran.h to export the upper case name as the
wrapper, which then doesn't conflict with the routine name in C. Since the IBM,
HP and AbsoftUNIXFortran platforms have case sensitive linkers
this technique is not available to them.

The above technique is required even if the C name is in mixed case, see 
Option a) for the other compilers, but is obviously not required when 
Option b) is used.


Option a) Mixed Case names for the C routines to be called by FORTRAN.

If the original C routines have mixed case names, there are no name space
conflicts.

Nevertheless for VAX/VMS, the technique outlined above must also used.


Option b) Modifying the names of C routines when used by FORTRAN:

The more robust naming mechanism, which guarantees portability to all machines, 
'renames' C routines when called by FORTRAN. Indeed, one must change the names
on same_namespace compilers when FORTRAN calls C routines for which the source
is unavailable. [Even when the source is available, renaming may be preferable
to Option a) for large libraries of C routines.]

Obviously, if done for a single type of machine, it must be done for all
machines since the names of routines used in FORTRAN code cannot be easily
redefined for different machines.

The simplest way to achieve this end is to do explicitly give the modified
FORTRAN name in the FCALLSCSUBn(...) and FCALLSCFUNn(...) declarations. e.g.

FCALLSCSUB0(name,CFNAME,cfname)

This allows FORTRAN to call the C routine 'name' as 'cfname'. Any name can of
course be used for a given routine when it is called from FORTRAN, although
this is discouraged due to the confusion it is sure to cause.  e.g. Bizarre,
but valid and allowing C's 'call_back' routine to be called from FORTRAN as
'abcd':

FCALLSCSUB0(call_back,ABCD,abcd)


cfortran.h also provides preprocessor directives for a systematic 'renaming' of
the C routines when they are called from FORTRAN. This is done by redefining
the fcallsc macro before the FCALLSCSUB/FUN/n declarations as follows:

#undef  fcallsc
#define fcallsc(UN,LN) preface_fcallsc(CF,cf,UN,LN)

FCALLSCSUB0(hello,HELLO,hello)

Will cause C's routine 'hello' to be known in FORTRAN as 'cfhello'. Similarly
all subsequent FCALLSCSUB/FUN/n declarations will generate wrappers to allow
FORTRAN to call C with the C routine's name prefaced by 'cf'. The following has
the same effect, with subsequent FCALLSCSUB/FUN/n's appending the modifier to
the original C routines name.

#undef  fcallsc
#define fcallsc(UN,LN) append_fcallsc(Y,y,UN,LN)

FCALLSCSUB0(Xroutine,ROUTINE,routine)

Hence, C's Xroutine is called from FORTRAN as:
       CALL XROUTINEY()

The original behavior of FCALLSCSUB/FUN/n, where FORTRAN routine names are left
identical to those of C, is returned using:

#undef  fcallsc
#define fcallsc(UN,LN) orig_fcallsc(UN,LN)


In C, when passing a C routine, i.e. its wrapper, as an argument to a FORTRAN
routine, the FORTRAN name declared is used and the correct fcallsc must be in
effect. E.g. Passing 'name' and 'routine' of the above examples to the FORTRAN
routines, FT1 and FT2, respectively:

/* This might not be needed if fcallsc is already orig_fcallsc. */
#undef  fcallsc
#define fcallsc(UN,LN) orig_fcallsc(UN,LN)
FT1(C_FUNCTION(CFNAME,cfname));

#undef  fcallsc
#define fcallsc(UN,LN) append_fcallsc(Y,y,UN,LN)
FT1(C_FUNCTION(XROUTINE,xroutine));

If the names of C routines are modified when used by FORTRAN, fcallsc would
usually be defined once in a header_file.h for the application. This definition
would then be used and be valid for the entire application and fcallsc would at
no point need to be redefined.


ONCE AGAIN: THE DEFINITIONS, INSTRUCTIONS, DECLARATIONS AND DIFFICULTIES
DESCRIBED HERE, NOTE 9. of II ii), 
APPLY ONLY FOR VAX VMS,
               IBM RS/6000 WITHOUT THE -qextname OPTION FOR xlf, OR
               HP-UX       WITHOUT THE +ppu      OPTION FOR f77
               AbsoftUNIXFortran
AND APPLY ONLY WHEN CREATING WRAPPERS WHICH ENABLE FORTRAN TO CALL C ROUTINES.



iii) Using C to manipulate FORTRAN COMMON BLOCKS:
     -------------------------------------------------------

FORTRAN common blocks are set up with the following three constructs:

1.
#define Common_block_name COMMON_BLOCK(COMMON_BLOCK_NAME,common_block_name)

Common_block_name is in UPPER CASE. 
COMMON_BLOCK_NAME is in UPPER CASE.
common_block_name is in lower case. 
[Common_block_name actually follows the same 'rules' as Routine_name in Note 2.
 of II i).] This construct exists to ensure that C code accessing the common
block is machine independent.

2.
COMMON_BLOCK_DEF(TYPEDEF_OF_STRUCT, Common_block_name);

where 
typedef { ... } TYPEDEF_OF_STRUCT;
declares the structure which maps on to the common block. The #define of
Common_block_name must come before the use of COMMON_BLOCK_DEF.

3.
In exactly one of the C source files, storage should be set aside for the
common block with the definition: 

TYPEDEF_OF_STRUCT  Common_block_name;

The above definition may have to be omitted on some machines for a common block
which is initialized by Fortran BLOCK DATA or is declared with a smaller size
in the C routines than in the Fortran routines.

The rules for common blocks are not well defined when linking/loading a mixture
of C and Fortran, but the following information may help resolve problems.

From the 2nd or ANSI ed. of K&R C, p.31, last paragraph:
i)
 An external variable must be defined, exactly once, outside of any function;
 this sets aside storage for it.
ii)
 The variable must also be declared in each function that wants to access it;
 ...
 The declaration ... may be implicit from context.

In Fortran, every routine says 'common /bar/ foo',
i.e. part ii) of the above, but there's no part i) requirement.
cc/ld on some machines don't require i) either.
Therefore, when handling Fortran, and sometimes C,
the loader/linker must automagically set aside storage for common blocks.

Some loaders, including at least one for the CRAY, turn off the
'automagically set aside storage' capability for Fortran common blocks,
if any C object declares that common block.
Therefore, C code should define, i.e. set aside storage,
for the the common block as shown above.

e.g.
C Fortran
      common /fcb/  v,w,x
      character *(13) v, w(4), x(3,2)

/* C */
typedef struct { char v[13],w[4][13],x[2][3][13]; } FCB_DEF;
#define Fcb COMMON_BLOCK(FCB,fcb)
COMMON_BLOCK_DEF(FCB_DEF,Fcb);
FCB_DEF Fcb;      /* Definition, which sets aside storage for Fcb, */
                  /* may appear in at most one C source file.      */


C programs can place a string (or a multidimensional array of strings) into a
FORTRAN common block using the following call:

C2FCBSTR( CSTR, FSTR,DIMENSIONS);

where:

CSTR is a pointer to the first element of C's copy of the string (array). 
     The C code must use a duplicate of, not the original, common block string,
     because the FORTRAN common block does not allocate space for C strings'
     terminating '\0'.

FSTR is a pointer to the first element of the string (array) in the common
     block.

DIMENSIONS is the number of dimensions of string array. 
     e.g. char a[10]      has DIMENSIONS=0.
          char aa[10][17] has DIMENSIONS=1.
          etc...

C2FCBSTR will copy the string (array) from CSTR to FSTR, padding with blanks, 
' ', the trailing characters as required. C2FCBSTR uses DIMENSIONS and FSTR to
determine the lengths of the individual string elements and the total number of
elements in the string array.

Note that:
- the number of string elements in CSTR and FSTR are identical.
- for arrays of strings, the useful lengths of strings in CSTR and FSTR must be
  the same. i.e. CSTR elements each have 1 extra character to accommodate the
  terminating '\0'.
- On most non-ANSI compilers, the DIMENSION argument cannot be prepended by any
  blanks.


FCB2CSTR( FSTR, CSTR,DIMENSIONS)

is the inverse of C2FCBSTR, and shares the same arguments and caveats.
FCB2CSTR copies each string element of FSTR to CSTR, minus FORTRAN strings'
trailing blanks.


cfortran.h USERS ARE STRONGLY URGED TO EXAMINE THE COMMON BLOCK EXAMPLES IN
cfortest.c AND cfortex.f. The use of strings in common blocks is
demonstrated, along with a suggested way for C to imitate FORTRAN EQUIVALENCE'd
variables.


              ===> USERS OF CFORTRAN.H NEED READ NO FURTHER <===


III Some Musings
----------------

cfortran.h is simple enough to be used by the most basic of applications, i.e.
making a single C/FORTRAN routine available to the FORTRAN/C programmers. Yet
cfortran.h is powerful enough to easily make entire C/FORTRAN libraries
available to FORTRAN/C programmers. 


cfortran.h is the ideal tool for FORTRAN libraries which are being (re)written
in C, but are to (continue to) support FORTRAN users. It allows the routines to
be written in 'natural C', without having to consider the FORTRAN argument
passing mechanisms of any machine. It also allows C code accessing these
rewritten routines, to use the C entry point. Without cfortran.h, one risks the
perverse practice of C code calling a C function using FORTRAN argument passing
mechanisms!


Perhaps the philosophy and mechanisms of cfortran.h could be used and extended
to create other language bridges such as ADAFORTRAN, CPASCAL, COCCAM, etc.


The code generation machinery inside cfortran.h, i.e. the global structure is
quite good, being clean and workable as seen by its ability to meet the needs
and constraints of many different compilers. Though the individual instructions
of the A..., C..., T..., R... and K... tables deserve to be cleaned up.



IV  Getting Serious with cfortran.h
-----------------------------------

cfortran.h is set up to be as simple as possible for the casual user. While
this ease of use will always be present, 'hooks', i.e. preprocessor directives,
are required in cfortran.h so that some of the following 'inefficiencies' can
be eliminated if they cause difficulties:

o cfortran.h contains a few small routines for string manipulation. These
routines are declared static and are included and compiled in all source code
which uses cfortran.h. Hooks should be provided in cfortran.h to create an
object file of these routines, allowing cfortran.h to merely prototypes
these routines in the application source code. This is the only 'problem' which
afflicts both halves of cfortran.h. The remaining discussion refers to the C
calls FORTRAN half only.

o Similar to the above routines, cfortran.h generates code for a 'wrapper'
routine for each FUNCTION exported from FORTRAN. Again cfortran.h needs
preprocessor directives to create a single object file of these routines,
and to merely prototype them in the applications.

o Libraries often contain hundreds of routines. While the preprocessor makes
quick work of generating the required interface code from cfortran.h and the
application.h's, it may be convenient for very large stable libraries to have
final_application.h's which already contain the interface code, i.e. these
final_application.h's would not require cfortran.h. [The convenience can be
imagined for the VAX VMS CC compiler which has a fixed amount of memory for
preprocessor directives. Not requiring cfortran.h, with its hundreds of
directives, could help prevent this compiler from choking on its internal
limits quite so often.]

With a similar goal in mind, cfortran.h defines 100's of preprocessor
directives. There is always the potential that these will clash with other tags
in the users code, so final_applications.h, which don't require cfortran.h,
also provide the solution.

In the same vein, routines with more than 14 arguments can not be interfaced by
cfortran.h with compilers which limit C macros to 31 arguments. To resolve this
difficulty, final_application.h's can be created on a compiler without this
limitation.

Therefore, new machinery is required to do:

application.h + cfortran.h => final_application.h

The following example may help clarify the means and ends:

If the following definition of the HBOOK1 routine, the /*commented_out_part*/,
is passed through the preprocessor [perhaps #undefing and #defining preprocessor
constants if creating an application.h for compiler other than that of the
preprocessor being used, e.g. cpp -Umips -DCRAY ... ] :

#include "cfortran.h"
PROTOCCALLSFSUB6(HBOOK1,hbook1,INT,STRING,INT,FLOAT,FLOAT,FLOAT)
/*#define HBOOK1(ID,CHTITLE,NX,XMI,XMA,VMX)                 \*/
     CCALLSFSUB6(HBOOK1,hbook1,INT,STRING,INT,FLOAT,FLOAT,FLOAT, \
                 ID,CHTITLE,NX,XMI,XMA,VMX) 

A function prototype is produced by the PROTOCCALLSFSUB6(...).
Interface code is produced, based on the 'variables', 
ID,CHTITLE,NX,XMI,XMA,VMX, which will correctly massage a HBOOK1 call.
Therefore, adding the #define line:

'prototype code'
#define HBOOK1(ID,CHTITLE,NX,XMI,XMA,VMX)                 \
 'interface code'(ID,CHTITLE,NX,XMI,XMA,VMX)

which is placed into final_application.h.

The only known limitation of the above method does not allow the 'variable'
names to include B1,B2,...,B9,BA,BB,... 

Obviously the machinery to automatically generate final_applications.h from
cfortran.h and applications.h needs more than just some preprocessor
directives, but a fairly simple unix shell script should be sufficient. Any
takers?



V Machine Dependencies of cfortran.h
------------------------------------

Porting cfortran.h applications, e.g. the hbook.h and cstring.c mentioned
above, to other machines is trivial since they are machine independent. Porting
cfortran.h requires a solid knowledge of the new machines C preprocessor, and
its FORTRAN argument passing mechanisms. Logically cfortran.h exists as two
halves, a "C CALLS FORTRAN" and a "FORTRAN CALLS C" utility. In some cases it
may be perfectly reasonable to port only 'one half' of cfortran.h onto a new
system.


The lucky programmer porting cfortran.h to a new machine, must discover the
FORTRAN argument passing mechanisms. A safe starting point is to assume that
variables and arrays are simply passed by reference, but nothing is guaranteed.
Strings, and n-dimensional arrays of strings are a different story. It is
doubtful that any systems do it quite like VAX VMS does it, so that a UNIX or
f2c versions may provide an easier starting point.


cfortran.h uses and abuses the preprocessor's ## operator. Although the ##
operator does not exist in many compilers, many kludges do. cfortran.h uses
/**/ with no space allowed between the slashes, '/', and the macros or tags
to be concatenated. e.g.
#define concat(a,b) a/**/b   /* works*/
main()
{
  concat(pri,ntf)("hello");           /* e.g. */
}
N.B. On some compilers without ##, /**/ may also not work. The author may be
able to offer alternate kludges.



VI Bugs in vendors C compilers and other curiosities
----------------------------------------------------

1. ULTRIX xxxxxx 4.3 1 RISC

Condolences to long suffering ultrix users!
DEC supplies a working C front end for alpha/OSF, but not for ultrix.

From K&R ANSI C p. 231:
   ultrix> cat cat.c
   #define cat(x, y) x ## y
   #define xcat(x,y) cat(x,y)
   cat(cat(1,2),3)
   xcat(xcat(1,2),3)
   ultrix> cc -E cat.c
   123                  <---- Should be: cat(1,2)3
   123                  <---- Correct.
   ultrix> 

The problem for cfortran.h, preventing use of -std and -std1:
   ultrix> cat c.c
   #define cat(x, y) x ## y
   #define xcat(x,y) cat(x,y)
   #define AB(X) X+X
   #define C(E,F,G)  cat(E,F)(G)
   #define X(E,F,G) xcat(E,F)(G)
   C(A,B,2)
   X(A,B,2)
   ultrix> cc -std1 -E c.c
   2+2  
   AB  (2)              <---- ?????????????
   ultrix>
   ultrix> cc -std0 -E c.c
   2+2  
   AB(2)                <---- ?????????????
   ultrix>

Due to further ultrix preprocessor problems,
for all definitions of definitions with arguments,
cfortran.h >= 3.0 includes the arguments and recommends the same,
even though it is not required by ANSI C.
e.g. Users are advised to do
   #define fcallsc(UN,LN) orig_fcallsc(UN,LN)
instead of
   #define fcallsc        orig_fcallsc
since ultrix fails to properly preprocess the latter example.
CRAY used to (still does?) occasionally trip up on this problem.


2. ConvexOS convex C210 11.0 convex

In a program with a C main, output to LUN=6=* from Fortran goes into
$pwd/fort.6 instead of stdout. Presumably, a magic incantation can be called
from the C main in order to properly initialize the Fortran I/O.


3. SunOS 5.3 Generic_101318-69 sun4m sparc

The default data and code alignments produced by cc, gcc and f77 are compatible.
If deviating from the defaults, consistent alignment options must be used
across all objects compiled by cc and f77. [Does gcc provide such options?]


4. SunOS 5.3 Generic_101318-69 sun4m sparc with cc: SC3.0.1 13 Jul 1994
   or equivalently
   ULTRIX 4.4 0 RISC using cc -oldc
   are K&R C preprocessors that suffer from infinite loop macros, e.g.

  zedy03> cat src.c
  #include "cfortran.h"
                            PROTOCCALLSFFUN1(INT,FREV,frev, INTV)
  #define FREV(A1)               CCALLSFFUN1(    FREV,frev, INTV, A1)
  /* To avoid the problem, deletete these ---^^^^--- spaces.    */
  main() { static int a[] = {1,2}; FREV(a); return EXIT_SUCCESS; }

  zedy03> cc -c -Xs -v -DMAX_PREPRO_ARGS=31 -D__CF__KnR src.c
  "src.c", line 4: FREV: actuals too long
  "src.c", line 4: FREV: actuals too long
  .... 3427 more lines of the same message
  "src.c", line 4: FREV: actuals too long
  cc : Fatal error in /usr/ccs/lib/cpp
  Segmentation fault (core dumped) 


5. Older sun C compilers

To link to f77 objects, older sun C compilers require the math.h macros:

#define RETURNFLOAT(x)   { union {double _d; float _f; } _kluge; \
                           _kluge._f = (x); return _kluge._d;   }
#define ASSIGNFLOAT(x,y) { union {double _d; float _f; } _kluge; \
                           _kluge._d = (y); x = _kluge._f;      }

Unfortunately, in at least some copies of the sun math.h, the semi-colon
for 'float _f;' is left out, leading to compiler warnings.

The solution is to correct math.h, or to change cfortran.h to #define 
RETURNFLOAT(x) and ASSIGNFLOAT(x,y) instead of including math.h.


6. gcc version 2.6.3 and probably all other versions as well

Unlike all other C compilers supported by cfortran.h,
'gcc -traditional' promotes to double all functions returning float
as demonstrated bu the following example.

/* m.c */
#include 
int main() { FLOAT_FUNCTION d(); float f; f = d(); printf("%f\n",f); return 0; }

/* d.c */
float d() { return -123.124; }

burow[29] gcc -c -traditional d.c
burow[30] gcc -DFLOAT_FUNCTION=float m.c d.o && a.out
0.000000
burow[31] gcc -DFLOAT_FUNCTION=double m.c d.o && a.out
-123.124001
burow[32]

Thus, 'gcc -traditional' is not supported by cfortran.h.
Support would require the same RETURNFLOAT, etc. macro machinery
present in old sun math.h, before sun gave up the same promotion.


7. CRAY

At least some versions of the t3e and t3d C preprocessor are broken
in the fashion described below.
At least some versions of the t90 C preprocessor do not have this problem.

On the CRAY, all Fortran names are converted to uppercase.
Generally the uppercase name is also used for the macro interface
created by cfortran.h.

For example, in the following interface,
EASY is both the name of the macro in the original C code
and EASY is the name of the resulting function to be called.

#define EASY(A,B)      CCALLSFSUB2(EASY,easy, PINT, INTV, A, B)

The fact that a macro called EASY() expands to a function called EASY()
is not a problem for a working C preprocessor.
From Kernighan and Ritchie, 2nd edition, p.230:

    In both kinds of macro, the replacement token sequence is repeatedly
  rescanned for more identifiers. However, once a given identifier has been
  replaced in a given expansion, it is not replaced if it turns up again during
  rescanning; instead it is left unchanged.

Unfortunately, some CRAY preprocessors are broken and don't obey the above rule.
A work-around is for the user to NOT use the uppercase name
of the name of the macro interface provided by cfortran.h. For example:

#define Easy(A,B)      CCALLSFSUB2(EASY,easy, PINT, INTV, A, B)

Luckily, the above work-around is not required since the following
work-around within cfortran.h also circumvents the bug:

   /* (UN), not UN, is required in order to get around  CRAY preprocessor bug.*/
   #define CFC_(UN,LN)            (UN)      /* Uppercase FORTRAN symbols.     */

Aside: The Visual C++ compiler is happy with UN, but barfs on (UN),
       so either (UN) causes nonstandard C/C++ or Visual C++ is broken.


VII History and Acknowledgements
--------------------------------

1.0 - Supports VAX VMS using C 3.1 and FORTRAN 5.4.                    Oct. '90.
1.0 - Supports Silicon Graphics w. Mips Computer 2.0 f77 and cc.       Feb. '91.
          [Port of C calls FORTRAN half only.]
1.1 - Supports Mips Computer System 2.0 f77 and cc.                    Mar. '91.
          [Runs on at least: Silicon Graphics IRIX 3.3.1
                             DECstations with Ultrix V4.1]
1.2 - Internals made simpler, smaller, faster, stronger.               May  '91.
    - Mips version works on IBM RS/6000, this is now called the unix version.
1.3 - UNIX and VAX VMS versions are merged into a single cfortran.h.   July '91.
    - C can help manipulate (arrays of) strings in FORTRAN common blocks.
    - Dimensions of string arrays arguments can be explicit.
    - Supports Apollo DomainOS 10.2 (sys5.3) with f77 10.7 and cc 6.7.

2.0 - Improved code generation machinery creates K&R or ANSI C.        Aug. '91.
    - Supports Sun, CRAY. f2c with vcc on VAX Ultrix.
    - cfortran.h macros now require routine and COMMON block names in both 
      upper and lower case. No changes required to applications though.
    - PROTOCCALLSFSUBn is eliminated, with no loss to cfortran.h performance.
    - Improved tools and guidelines for naming C routines called by FORTRAN.
2.1 - LOGICAL correctly supported across all machines.                 Oct. '91.
    - Improved support for DOUBLE PRECISION on the CRAY.
    - HP9000 fully supported.
    - VAX Ultrix cc or gcc with f77 now supported.
2.2 - SHORT, i.e. INTEGER*2, and BYTE now supported.                   Dec. '91.
    - LOGICAL_STRICT introduced. More compact and robust internal tables.
    - typeV and typeVV for type = BYTE, DOUBLE, FLOAT, INT, LOGICAL, LONG,SHORT.
    - FORTRAN passing strings and NULL pointer to C routines improved. 
2.3 - Extraneous arguments removed from many internal tables.          May  '92.
    - Introduce pseudo argument type SIMPLE for user defined types.
    - LynxOS using f2c supported. (Tested with LynxOS 2.0 386/AT.)
2.4 - Separation of internal C and Fortran compilation directives.     Oct. '92.
    - f2c and NAG f90 supported on all machines.
2.5 - Minor mod.s to source and/or doc for HP9000, f2c, and NAG f90.   Nov. '92.
2.6 - Support external procedures as arguments with type ROUTINE.      Dec. '92.
2.7 - Support Alpha VMS. Support HP9000 f77 +ppu                       Jan. '93.
    - Support arrays with up to 7 dimensions.
    - Minor mod. of Fortran NULL to C via (P)STRING.
    - Specify the type of ROUTINE passed from Fortran to C [ANSI C requirement.]
    - Macros never receive a null parameter [RS/6000 requirement.]
2.8 - PSTRING for Fortran calls C no longer provides escape to pass    April'93.
      NULL pointer nor to pass address of original string.
      PNSTRING introduced with old PSTRING's behavior.
      PPSTRING introduced to always pass original address of string.
    - Support Alpha/OSF.
    - Document that common blocks used in C should be declared AND defined.

3.0 - Automagic handling of ANSI ## versus K&R /**/ preprocessor op.   March'95.
    - Less chance of name space collisions between cfortran.h and other codes.
    - SIMPLE macros, supporting user defined types, have changed names.
3.1 - Internal macro name _INT not used. Conflicted with IRIX 5.3.     May  '95.
    - SunOS, all versions, should work out of the box.
    - ZTRINGV_ARGS|F(k) may no longer point to a PDOUBLE or PFLOAT argument.
    - ConvexOS 11.0 supported.
3.2 - __hpux no longer needs to be restricted to MAX_PREPRO_ARGS=31.   Oct. '95.
    - PSTRING bug fixed.
    - ZTRINGV_ARGS|F(k) may not point to a PBYTE,PINT,PLONG or PSHORT argument.
    - (P)ZTRINGV machinery improved. Should lead to fewer compiler warnings.
      (P)ZTRINGV no longer limits recursion or the nesting of routines.
    - SIMPLE macros, supporting user defined types, have changed slightly.
3.3 - Supports PowerStation Fortran with Visual C++.                   Nov. '95.
    - g77 should work using f2cFortran, though no changes made for it.
    - (PROTO)CCALLSFFUN10 extended to (PROTO)CCALLSFFUN14.
    - FCALLSCFUN10 and SUB10 extended to FCALLSCFUN14 and SUB14.
3.4 - C++ supported,                                                   Dec. '95.
      but it required the reintroduction of PROTOCCALLSFSUBn for users.
    - HP-UX f77 +800 supported.
3.5 - Absoft UNIX Fortran supported.                                   Sept.'96.
3.6 - Minor corrections to cfortran.doc.                               Oct. '96.
    - Fixed bug for 15th argument. [Thanks to Tom Epperly at Aspen Tech.]
    - For AbsoftUNIXFortran, obey default of prepending _C to COMMON BLOCK name.
    - Fortran calling C with ROUTINE argument fixed and cleaned up.
3.7 - Circumvent IBM and HP "null argument" preprocessor warning.      Oct. '96
3.8 - (P)STRINGV and (P)ZTRINGV can pass a 1- or 2-dim. char array.    Feb. '97
      (P)ZTRINGV thus effectively also provides (P)ZTRING.
    - (P)ZTRINGV accepts a (char *) pointer.
3.9 - Bug fixed for *VVVVV.                                            May  '97
    - f2c: Work-around for strange underscore-dependent naming feature.
    - NEC SX-4 supported.
    - CRAY: LOGICAL conversion uses _btol and _ltob from CRAY's fortran.h.
    - CRAY: Avoid bug of some versions of the C preprocessor.
    - CRAY T3E: FORTRAN_REAL introduced.

4.0 - new/delete now used for C++. malloc/free still used for C.       Jan. '98
    - FALSE no longer is defined by cfortran.h .
    - Absoft Pro Fortran for MacOS supported.
4.1 - COMMA and COLON no longer are defined by cfortran.h .            April'98
    - Bug fixed when 10th arg. or beyond is a string.
      [Rob Lucchesi of NASA-Goddard pointed out this bug.]
    - CCALLSFSUB/FUN extended from 14 to 27 arguments.
    - Workaround SunOS CC 4.2 cast bug. [Thanks to Savrak SAR of CERN.]
4.2 - Portland Group needs -DpgiFortran . [Thank George Lai of NASA.]  June '98
4.3 - (PROTO)CCALLSFSUB extended from 20 to 27 arguments.              July '98


['Support' implies these and more recent releases of the respective
 OS/compilers/linkers can be used with cfortran.h. 
 Earlier releases may also work.]


Acknowledgements:
- CERN very generously sponsored a week in 1994 for me to work on cfortran.h.
- M.L.Luvisetto (Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare - Centro Nazionale
  Analisi Fotogrammi, Bologna, Italy) provided all the support for the port to
  the CRAY. Marisa's encouragement and enthusiasm was also much appreciated.
- J.Bunn (CERN) supported the port to PowerStation Fortran with Visual C++.
- Paul Schenk (UC Riverside, CERN PPE/OPAL) in June 1993 extended cfortran.h 2.7
  to have C++ call Fortran. This was the starting point for full C++ in 3.4.
- Glenn P.Davis of University Corp. for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) / Unidata
  supported the NEC SX-4 port and helped understand the CRAY.
- Tony Goelz of Absoft Corporation ported cfortran.h to Absoft.
- Though cfortran.h has been created in my 'copious' free time, I thank 
  NSERC for their generous support of my grad. student and postdoc years.
- Univ.Toronto, DESY, CERN and others have provided time on their computers.


THIS PACKAGE, I.E. CFORTRAN.H, THIS DOCUMENT, AND THE CFORTRAN.H EXAMPLE
PROGRAMS ARE PROPERTY OF THE AUTHOR WHO RESERVES ALL RIGHTS. THIS PACKAGE AND
THE CODE IT PRODUCES MAY BE FREELY DISTRIBUTED WITHOUT FEES, SUBJECT TO THE
FOLLOWING RESTRICTIONS:
- YOU MUST ACCOMPANY ANY COPIES OR DISTRIBUTION WITH THIS (UNALTERED) NOTICE.
- YOU MAY NOT RECEIVE MONEY FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OR FOR ITS MEDIA 
  (E.G. TAPE, DISK, COMPUTER, PAPER.)
- YOU MAY NOT PREVENT OTHERS FROM COPYING IT FREELY.
- YOU MAY NOT DISTRIBUTE MODIFIED VERSIONS WITHOUT CLEARLY DOCUMENTING YOUR
  CHANGES AND NOTIFYING THE AUTHOR.
- YOU MAY NOT MISREPRESENTED THE ORIGIN OF THIS SOFTWARE, EITHER BY EXPLICIT
  CLAIM OR BY OMISSION.

THE INTENT OF THE ABOVE TERMS IS TO ENSURE THAT THE CFORTRAN.H PACKAGE NOT BE
USED FOR PROFIT MAKING ACTIVITIES UNLESS SOME ROYALTY ARRANGEMENT IS ENTERED
INTO WITH ITS AUTHOR.
              
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE
SOFTWARE IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE SOFTWARE PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST
OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. THE AUTHOR IS NOT RESPONSIBLE
FOR ANY SUPPORT OR SERVICE OF THE CFORTRAN.H PACKAGE.

                                              Burkhard Burow 
                                              burow@desy.de

P.S. Your comments and questions are welcomed and usually promptly answered.

VAX VMS and Ultrix, Alpha, OSF, Silicon Graphics (SGI), DECstation, Mips RISC,
Sun, CRAY, Convex, IBM RS/6000, Apollo DomainOS, HP, LynxOS, f2c, NAG, Absoft,
NEC SX-4, PowerStation and Visual C++ are registered trademarks of their
respective owners.
        
============================================================================

ADDITIONAL LICENSING INFORMATION  (added by W D Pence on 4 October 2007)

The author of cfortran has subsequently stated that cfortran.h may optionally 
be used and distributed under the GNU Library General Public License (LGPL).
This statement was made in an email to Kevin McCarty, which is reproduced below:

----------------------------------------
Date: Tue, 22 Oct 2002 12:48:00 -0400
From: Burkhard D Steinmacher-burow 
To: Kevin B. McCarty 
Subject: Re: CFortran licensing question

Kevin,

[Just noticed that I didn't send this yesterady.]

I have no time right now to read through licenses.
IIRC, library GPL is fairly unrestrictive, so I'll choose that. So.....

You may consider this e-mail as a notice that as an alternative to any
other cfortran licenses,
I hereby relase all versions and all parts of cfortran under the
the Library GPL license.
From among these licenses, the user is free to choose
the license or licenses under which cfortran is used.

Contact me if you'd like to be able to choose another license.

Burkhard

steinmac@us.ibm.com, (914)945-3756, Fax 3684, Tieline 862
------------------------------------------

/* end: cfortran.doc */
cfitsio-4.3.1/wcsutil.c0000644000225700000360000004060113472024437014312 0ustar  cagordonlhea#include 
#include "fitsio2.h"
#define D2R 0.01745329252
#define TWOPI 6.28318530717959

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffwldp(double xpix, double ypix, double xref, double yref,
      double xrefpix, double yrefpix, double xinc, double yinc, double rot,
      char *type, double *xpos, double *ypos, int *status)

/* This routine is based on the classic AIPS WCS routine. 

   It converts from pixel location to RA,Dec for 9 projective geometries:
   "-CAR", "-SIN", "-TAN", "-ARC", "-NCP", "-GLS", "-MER", "-AIT" and "-STG".
*/

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* routine to determine accurate position for pixel coordinates          */
/* returns 0 if successful otherwise:                                    */
/* 501 = angle too large for projection;                                 */
/* does: -CAR, -SIN, -TAN, -ARC, -NCP, -GLS, -MER, -AIT  -STG projections*/
/* Input:                                                                */
/*   f   xpix    x pixel number  (RA or long without rotation)           */
/*   f   ypiy    y pixel number  (dec or lat without rotation)           */
/*   d   xref    x reference coordinate value (deg)                      */
/*   d   yref    y reference coordinate value (deg)                      */
/*   f   xrefpix x reference pixel                                       */
/*   f   yrefpix y reference pixel                                       */
/*   f   xinc    x coordinate increment (deg)                            */
/*   f   yinc    y coordinate increment (deg)                            */
/*   f   rot     rotation (deg)  (from N through E)                      */
/*   c  *type    projection type code e.g. "-SIN";                       */
/* Output:                                                               */
/*   d   *xpos   x (RA) coordinate (deg)                                 */
/*   d   *ypos   y (dec) coordinate (deg)                                */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 {double cosr, sinr, dx, dy, dz, temp, x, y, z;
  double sins, coss, dect, rat, dt, l, m, mg, da, dd, cos0, sin0;
  double dec0, ra0;
  double geo1, geo2, geo3;
  double deps = 1.0e-5;
  char *cptr;
  
  if (*status > 0)
     return(*status);

/*   Offset from ref pixel  */
  dx = (xpix-xrefpix) * xinc;
  dy = (ypix-yrefpix) * yinc;

/*   Take out rotation  */
  cosr = cos(rot * D2R);
  sinr = sin(rot * D2R);
  if (rot != 0.0) {
     temp = dx * cosr - dy * sinr;
     dy = dy * cosr + dx * sinr;
     dx = temp;
  }

/* convert to radians  */
  ra0 = xref * D2R;
  dec0 = yref * D2R;

  l = dx * D2R;
  m = dy * D2R;
  sins = l*l + m*m;
  cos0 = cos(dec0);
  sin0 = sin(dec0);

  if (*type != '-') {  /* unrecognized projection code */
     return(*status = 504);
  }

    cptr = type + 1;

    if (*cptr == 'C') { /* linear -CAR */
      if (*(cptr + 1) != 'A' ||  *(cptr + 2) != 'R') {
         return(*status = 504);
      }
      rat =  ra0 + l;
      dect = dec0 + m;

    } else if (*cptr == 'T') {  /* -TAN */
      if (*(cptr + 1) != 'A' ||  *(cptr + 2) != 'N') {
         return(*status = 504);
      }
      x = cos0*cos(ra0) - l*sin(ra0) - m*cos(ra0)*sin0;
      y = cos0*sin(ra0) + l*cos(ra0) - m*sin(ra0)*sin0;
      z = sin0                       + m*         cos0;
      rat  = atan2( y, x );
      dect = atan ( z / sqrt(x*x+y*y) );

    } else if (*cptr == 'S') {

      if (*(cptr + 1) == 'I' &&  *(cptr + 2) == 'N') { /* -SIN */
          if (sins>1.0)
	    return(*status = 501);
          coss = sqrt (1.0 - sins);
          dt = sin0 * coss + cos0 * m;
          if ((dt>1.0) || (dt<-1.0))
	    return(*status = 501);
          dect = asin (dt);
          rat = cos0 * coss - sin0 * m;
          if ((rat==0.0) && (l==0.0))
	    return(*status = 501);
          rat = atan2 (l, rat) + ra0;

       } else if (*(cptr + 1) == 'T' &&  *(cptr + 2) == 'G') {  /* -STG Sterographic*/
          dz = (4.0 - sins) / (4.0 + sins);
          if (fabs(dz)>1.0)
	    return(*status = 501);
          dect = dz * sin0 + m * cos0 * (1.0+dz) / 2.0;
          if (fabs(dect)>1.0)
	    return(*status = 501);
          dect = asin (dect);
          rat = cos(dect);
          if (fabs(rat)1.0)
	    return(*status = 501);
          rat = asin (rat);
          mg = 1.0 + sin(dect) * sin0 + cos(dect) * cos0 * cos(rat);
          if (fabs(mg)deps)
	    rat = TWOPI /2.0 - rat;
          rat = ra0 + rat;
        } else  {
          return(*status = 504);
        }
 
    } else if (*cptr == 'A') {

      if (*(cptr + 1) == 'R' &&  *(cptr + 2) == 'C') { /* ARC */
          if (sins>=TWOPI*TWOPI/4.0)
	    return(*status = 501);
          sins = sqrt(sins);
          coss = cos (sins);
          if (sins!=0.0)
	    sins = sin (sins) / sins;
          else
	    sins = 1.0;
          dt = m * cos0 * sins + sin0 * coss;
          if ((dt>1.0) || (dt<-1.0))
	    return(*status = 501);
          dect = asin (dt);
          da = coss - dt * sin0;
          dt = l * sins * cos0;
          if ((da==0.0) && (dt==0.0))
	    return(*status = 501);
          rat = ra0 + atan2 (dt, da);

      } else if (*(cptr + 1) == 'I' &&  *(cptr + 2) == 'T') {  /* -AIT Aitoff */
          dt = yinc*cosr + xinc*sinr;
          if (dt==0.0)
	    dt = 1.0;
          dt = dt * D2R;
          dy = yref * D2R;
          dx = sin(dy+dt)/sqrt((1.0+cos(dy+dt))/2.0) -
	      sin(dy)/sqrt((1.0+cos(dy))/2.0);
          if (dx==0.0)
	    dx = 1.0;
          geo2 = dt / dx;
          dt = xinc*cosr - yinc* sinr;
          if (dt==0.0)
	    dt = 1.0;
          dt = dt * D2R;
          dx = 2.0 * cos(dy) * sin(dt/2.0);
          if (dx==0.0) dx = 1.0;
          geo1 = dt * sqrt((1.0+cos(dy)*cos(dt/2.0))/2.0) / dx;
          geo3 = geo2 * sin(dy) / sqrt((1.0+cos(dy))/2.0);
          rat = ra0;
          dect = dec0;
          if ((l != 0.0) || (m != 0.0)) {
            dz = 4.0 - l*l/(4.0*geo1*geo1) - ((m+geo3)/geo2)*((m+geo3)/geo2) ;
            if ((dz>4.0) || (dz<2.0)) return(*status = 501);
            dz = 0.5 * sqrt (dz);
            dd = (m+geo3) * dz / geo2;
            if (fabs(dd)>1.0) return(*status = 501);
            dd = asin (dd);
            if (fabs(cos(dd))1.0) return(*status = 501);
            da = asin (da);
            rat = ra0 + 2.0 * da;
            dect = dd;
          }
        } else  {
          return(*status = 504);
        }
 
    } else if (*cptr == 'N') { /* -NCP North celestial pole*/
      if (*(cptr + 1) != 'C' ||  *(cptr + 2) != 'P') {
         return(*status = 504);
      }
      dect = cos0 - m * sin0;
      if (dect==0.0)
        return(*status = 501);
      rat = ra0 + atan2 (l, dect);
      dt = cos (rat-ra0);
      if (dt==0.0)
        return(*status = 501);
      dect = dect / dt;
      if ((dect>1.0) || (dect<-1.0))
        return(*status = 501);
      dect = acos (dect);
      if (dec0<0.0) dect = -dect;

    } else if (*cptr == 'G') {   /* -GLS global sinusoid */
      if (*(cptr + 1) != 'L' ||  *(cptr + 2) != 'S') {
         return(*status = 504);
      }
      dect = dec0 + m;
      if (fabs(dect)>TWOPI/4.0)
        return(*status = 501);
      coss = cos (dect);
      if (fabs(l)>TWOPI*coss/2.0)
        return(*status = 501);
      rat = ra0;
      if (coss>deps) rat = rat + l / coss;

    } else if (*cptr == 'M') {  /* -MER mercator*/
      if (*(cptr + 1) != 'E' ||  *(cptr + 2) != 'R') {
         return(*status = 504);
      }
      dt = yinc * cosr + xinc * sinr;
      if (dt==0.0) dt = 1.0;
      dy = (yref/2.0 + 45.0) * D2R;
      dx = dy + dt / 2.0 * D2R;
      dy = log (tan (dy));
      dx = log (tan (dx));
      geo2 = dt * D2R / (dx - dy);
      geo3 = geo2 * dy;
      geo1 = cos (yref*D2R);
      if (geo1<=0.0) geo1 = 1.0;
      rat = l / geo1 + ra0;
      if (fabs(rat - ra0) > TWOPI)
        return(*status = 501);
      dt = 0.0;
      if (geo2!=0.0) dt = (m + geo3) / geo2;
      dt = exp (dt);
      dect = 2.0 * atan (dt) - TWOPI / 4.0;

    } else  {
      return(*status = 504);
    }

  /*  correct for RA rollover  */
  if (rat-ra0>TWOPI/2.0) rat = rat - TWOPI;
  if (rat-ra0<-TWOPI/2.0) rat = rat + TWOPI;
  if (rat < 0.0) rat += TWOPI;

  /*  convert to degrees  */
  *xpos  = rat  / D2R;
  *ypos  = dect  / D2R;
  return(*status);
} 
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffxypx(double xpos, double ypos, double xref, double yref, 
      double xrefpix, double yrefpix, double xinc, double yinc, double rot,
      char *type, double *xpix, double *ypix, int *status)

/* This routine is based on the classic AIPS WCS routine. 

   It converts from RA,Dec to pixel location to for 9 projective geometries:
   "-CAR", "-SIN", "-TAN", "-ARC", "-NCP", "-GLS", "-MER", "-AIT" and "-STG".
*/
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* routine to determine accurate pixel coordinates for an RA and Dec     */
/* returns 0 if successful otherwise:                                    */
/* 501 = angle too large for projection;                                 */
/* 502 = bad values                                                      */
/* does: -SIN, -TAN, -ARC, -NCP, -GLS, -MER, -AIT projections            */
/* anything else is linear                                               */
/* Input:                                                                */
/*   d   xpos    x (RA) coordinate (deg)                                 */
/*   d   ypos    y (dec) coordinate (deg)                                */
/*   d   xref    x reference coordinate value (deg)                      */
/*   d   yref    y reference coordinate value (deg)                      */
/*   f   xrefpix x reference pixel                                       */
/*   f   yrefpix y reference pixel                                       */
/*   f   xinc    x coordinate increment (deg)                            */
/*   f   yinc    y coordinate increment (deg)                            */
/*   f   rot     rotation (deg)  (from N through E)                      */
/*   c  *type    projection type code e.g. "-SIN";                       */
/* Output:                                                               */
/*   f  *xpix    x pixel number  (RA or long without rotation)           */
/*   f  *ypiy    y pixel number  (dec or lat without rotation)           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 {
  double dx, dy, dz, r, ra0, dec0, ra, dec, coss, sins, dt, da, dd, sint;
  double l, m, geo1, geo2, geo3, sinr, cosr, cos0, sin0;
  double deps=1.0e-5;
  char *cptr;

  if (*type != '-') {  /* unrecognized projection code */
     return(*status = 504);
  }

  cptr = type + 1;

  dt = (xpos - xref);
  if (dt >  180) xpos -= 360;
  if (dt < -180) xpos += 360;
  /* NOTE: changing input argument xpos is OK (call-by-value in C!) */

  /* default values - linear */
  dx = xpos - xref;
  dy = ypos - yref;

  /*  Correct for rotation */
  r = rot * D2R;
  cosr = cos (r);
  sinr = sin (r);
  dz = dx*cosr + dy*sinr;
  dy = dy*cosr - dx*sinr;
  dx = dz;

  /*     check axis increments - bail out if either 0 */
  if ((xinc==0.0) || (yinc==0.0)) {*xpix=0.0; *ypix=0.0;
    return(*status = 502);}

  /*     convert to pixels  */
  *xpix = dx / xinc + xrefpix;
  *ypix = dy / yinc + yrefpix;

  if (*cptr == 'C') { /* linear -CAR */
      if (*(cptr + 1) != 'A' ||  *(cptr + 2) != 'R') {
         return(*status = 504);
      }

      return(*status);  /* done if linear */
  }

  /* Non linear position */
  ra0 = xref * D2R;
  dec0 = yref * D2R;
  ra = xpos * D2R;
  dec = ypos * D2R;

  /* compute direction cosine */
  coss = cos (dec);
  sins = sin (dec);
  cos0 = cos (dec0);
  sin0 = sin (dec0);
  l = sin(ra-ra0) * coss;
  sint = sins * sin0 + coss * cos0 * cos(ra-ra0);

    /* process by case  */
    if (*cptr == 'T') {  /* -TAN tan */
         if (*(cptr + 1) != 'A' ||  *(cptr + 2) != 'N') {
           return(*status = 504);
         }

         if (sint<=0.0)
	   return(*status = 501);
         if( cos0<0.001 ) {
            /* Do a first order expansion around pole */
            m = (coss * cos(ra-ra0)) / (sins * sin0);
            m = (-m + cos0 * (1.0 + m*m)) / sin0;
         } else {
            m = ( sins/sint - sin0 ) / cos0;
         }
	 if( fabs(sin(ra0)) < 0.3 ) {
	    l  = coss*sin(ra)/sint - cos0*sin(ra0) + m*sin(ra0)*sin0;
	    l /= cos(ra0);
	 } else {
	    l  = coss*cos(ra)/sint - cos0*cos(ra0) + m*cos(ra0)*sin0;
	    l /= -sin(ra0);
	 }

    } else if (*cptr == 'S') {

      if (*(cptr + 1) == 'I' &&  *(cptr + 2) == 'N') { /* -SIN */
         if (sint<0.0)
	   return(*status = 501);
         m = sins * cos(dec0) - coss * sin(dec0) * cos(ra-ra0);

      } else if (*(cptr + 1) == 'T' &&  *(cptr + 2) == 'G') {  /* -STG Sterographic*/
         da = ra - ra0;
         if (fabs(dec)>TWOPI/4.0)
	   return(*status = 501);
         dd = 1.0 + sins * sin(dec0) + coss * cos(dec0) * cos(da);
         if (fabs(dd)1.0) m = 1.0;
         m = acos (m);
         if (m!=0) 
            m = m / sin(m);
         else
            m = 1.0;
         l = l * m;
         m = (sins * cos(dec0) - coss * sin(dec0) * cos(ra-ra0)) * m;

      } else if (*(cptr + 1) == 'I' &&  *(cptr + 2) == 'T') {  /* -AIT Aitoff */
         da = (ra - ra0) / 2.0;
         if (fabs(da)>TWOPI/4.0)
	     return(*status = 501);
         dt = yinc*cosr + xinc*sinr;
         if (dt==0.0) dt = 1.0;
         dt = dt * D2R;
         dy = yref * D2R;
         dx = sin(dy+dt)/sqrt((1.0+cos(dy+dt))/2.0) -
             sin(dy)/sqrt((1.0+cos(dy))/2.0);
         if (dx==0.0) dx = 1.0;
         geo2 = dt / dx;
         dt = xinc*cosr - yinc* sinr;
         if (dt==0.0) dt = 1.0;
         dt = dt * D2R;
         dx = 2.0 * cos(dy) * sin(dt/2.0);
         if (dx==0.0) dx = 1.0;
         geo1 = dt * sqrt((1.0+cos(dy)*cos(dt/2.0))/2.0) / dx;
         geo3 = geo2 * sin(dy) / sqrt((1.0+cos(dy))/2.0);
         dt = sqrt ((1.0 + cos(dec) * cos(da))/2.0);
         if (fabs(dt)TWOPI/4.0)
	   return(*status = 501);
         if (fabs(dec0)>TWOPI/4.0)
	   return(*status = 501);
         m = dec - dec0;
         l = dt * coss;

    } else if (*cptr == 'M') {  /* -MER mercator*/
         if (*(cptr + 1) != 'E' ||  *(cptr + 2) != 'R') {
             return(*status = 504);
         }

         dt = yinc * cosr + xinc * sinr;
         if (dt==0.0) dt = 1.0;
         dy = (yref/2.0 + 45.0) * D2R;
         dx = dy + dt / 2.0 * D2R;
         dy = log (tan (dy));
         dx = log (tan (dx));
         geo2 = dt * D2R / (dx - dy);
         geo3 = geo2 * dy;
         geo1 = cos (yref*D2R);
         if (geo1<=0.0) geo1 = 1.0;
         dt = ra - ra0;
         l = geo1 * dt;
         dt = dec / 2.0 + TWOPI / 8.0;
         dt = tan (dt);
         if (dt
#include 
#include 
#ifdef __APPLE__
#include 
#else
#include 
#endif
#include "fitsio.h"     /* needed to define LONGLONG */
#include "drvrsmem.h"   /* uses LONGLONG */

int	main(int argc, char **argv)
{ int cmdok, listmode, longlistmode, recovermode, deletemode, id;
int status;
char *address;

listmode = longlistmode = recovermode = deletemode = 0;
id = -1;
cmdok = 1;

switch (argc)
 { case 1:	listmode = 1;
		break;
   case 2:
		if (0 == strcmp("-l", argv[1])) longlistmode = 1;
		else if (0 == strcmp("-r", argv[1])) recovermode = 1;
		else if (0 == strcmp("-d", argv[1])) deletemode = 1;
		else cmdok = 0;
		break;
   case 3:
		if (0 == strcmp("-r", argv[1])) recovermode = 1;
		else if (0 == strcmp("-d", argv[1])) deletemode = 1;
		else
		 { cmdok = 0;		/* signal invalid cmd line syntax */
		   break;
		 }
		if (1 != sscanf(argv[2], "%d", &id)) cmdok = 0;
		break;
   default:
		cmdok = 0;
		break;
 }

if (0 == cmdok)
  { printf("usage :\n\n");
    printf("smem            - list all shared memory segments\n");
    printf("\t!\tcouldn't obtain RDONLY lock - info unreliable\n");
    printf("\tIdx\thandle of shared memory segment (visible by application)\n");
    printf("\tKey\tcurrent system key of shared memory segment. Key\n");
    printf("\t\tchanges whenever shmem segment is reallocated. Use\n");
    printf("\t\tipcs (or ipcs -a) to view all shmem segments\n");
    printf("\tNproc\tnumber of processes attached to segment\n");
    printf("\tSize\tsize of shmem segment in bytes\n");
    printf("\tFlags\tRESIZABLE - realloc allowed, PERSIST - segment is not\n");
    printf("\t\tdeleted after shared_free called by last process attached\n");
    printf("\t\tto it.\n");
    printf("smem -d         - delete all shared memory segments (may block)\n");
    printf("smem -d id      - delete specific shared memory segment (may block)\n");
    printf("smem -r         - unconditionally reset all shared memory segments\n\t\t(does not block, recovers zombie handles left by kill -9)\n");
    printf("smem -r id      - unconditionally reset specific shared memory segment\n");
  }

if (shared_init(0))
  { printf("couldn't initialize shared memory, aborting ...\n");
    return(10);
  }

if (listmode) shared_list(id);
else if (recovermode) shared_recover(id);
else if (deletemode) shared_uncond_delete(id);

for (id = 0; id <16; id++) {
  status = shared_getaddr(id, &address);
  if (!status)printf("id, status, address %d %d %ld %.30s\n", id, status, address, address);
}
return(0);
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/putcoli.c0000644000225700000360000010515713472024437014307 0ustar  cagordonlhea/*  This file, putcoli.c, contains routines that write data elements to    */
/*  a FITS image or table, with short datatype.                            */

/*  The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy    */
/*  Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA      */
/*  Goddard Space Flight Center.                                           */

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include "fitsio2.h"

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffppri( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,     /* I - group to write (1 = 1st group)          */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */
            LONGLONG  nelem,     /* I - number of values to write               */
            short *array,    /* I - array of values that are written        */
            int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write an array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being written).
*/
{
    long row;
    short nullvalue;

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */


        fits_write_compressed_pixels(fptr, TSHORT, firstelem, nelem,
            0, array, &nullvalue, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffpcli(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, array, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffppni( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,     /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)           */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,     /* I - number of values to write               */
            short *array,    /* I - array of values that are written        */
            short nulval,    /* I - undefined pixel value                   */
            int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write an array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being written).  Any array values
  that are equal to the value of nulval will be replaced with the null
  pixel value that is appropriate for this column.
*/
{
    long row;
    short nullvalue;

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */
        fits_write_compressed_pixels(fptr, TSHORT, firstelem, nelem,
            1, array, &nullvalue, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffpcni(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, array, nulval, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffp2di(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                     */
           long  group,      /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)         */
           LONGLONG  ncols,      /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,     /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value               */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,     /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value               */
           short *array,     /* I - array to be written                   */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                         */
/*
  Write an entire 2-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being written).
*/
{
    /* call the 3D writing routine, with the 3rd dimension = 1 */

    ffp3di(fptr, group, ncols, naxis2, naxis1, naxis2, 1, array, status);

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffp3di(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                     */
           long  group,      /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)         */
           LONGLONG  ncols,      /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */
           LONGLONG  nrows,      /* I - number of rows in each plane of array */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,     /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value               */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,     /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value               */
           LONGLONG  naxis3,     /* I - FITS image NAXIS3 value               */
           short *array,     /* I - array to be written                   */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                         */
/*
  Write an entire 3-D cube of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being written).
*/
{
    long tablerow, ii, jj;
    long fpixel[3]= {1,1,1}, lpixel[3];
    LONGLONG nfits, narray;
    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */
           
    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */
        lpixel[0] = (long) ncols;
        lpixel[1] = (long) nrows;
        lpixel[2] = (long) naxis3;
       
        fits_write_compressed_img(fptr, TSHORT, fpixel, lpixel,
            0,  array, NULL, status);
    
        return(*status);
    }

    tablerow=maxvalue(1,group);

    if (ncols == naxis1 && nrows == naxis2)  /* arrays have same size? */
    {
      /* all the image pixels are contiguous, so write all at once */
      ffpcli(fptr, 2, tablerow, 1L, naxis1 * naxis2 * naxis3, array, status);
      return(*status);
    }

    if (ncols < naxis1 || nrows < naxis2)
       return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);

    nfits = 1;   /* next pixel in FITS image to write to */
    narray = 0;  /* next pixel in input array to be written */

    /* loop over naxis3 planes in the data cube */
    for (jj = 0; jj < naxis3; jj++)
    {
      /* loop over the naxis2 rows in the FITS image, */
      /* writing naxis1 pixels to each row            */

      for (ii = 0; ii < naxis2; ii++)
      {
       if (ffpcli(fptr, 2, tablerow, nfits, naxis1,&array[narray],status) > 0)
         return(*status);

       nfits += naxis1;
       narray += ncols;
      }
      narray += (nrows - naxis2) * ncols;
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpssi(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           long  group,      /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)           */
           long  naxis,      /* I - number of data axes in array            */
           long  *naxes,     /* I - size of each FITS axis                  */
           long  *fpixel,    /* I - 1st pixel in each axis to write (1=1st) */
           long  *lpixel,    /* I - last pixel in each axis to write        */
           short *array,     /* I - array to be written                     */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write a subsection of pixels to the primary array or image.
  A subsection is defined to be any contiguous rectangular
  array of pixels within the n-dimensional FITS data file.
  Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary 
  (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as
  the array being written).
*/
{
    long tablerow;
    LONGLONG fpix[7], dimen[7], astart, pstart;
    LONGLONG off2, off3, off4, off5, off6, off7;
    LONGLONG st10, st20, st30, st40, st50, st60, st70;
    LONGLONG st1, st2, st3, st4, st5, st6, st7;
    long ii, i1, i2, i3, i4, i5, i6, i7, irange[7];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        fits_write_compressed_img(fptr, TSHORT, fpixel, lpixel,
            0,  array, NULL, status);

        return(*status);
    }

    if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 7)
      return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);

    tablerow=maxvalue(1,group);

     /* calculate the size and number of loops to perform in each dimension */
    for (ii = 0; ii < 7; ii++)
    {
      fpix[ii]=1;
      irange[ii]=1;
      dimen[ii]=1;
    }

    for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++)
    {    
      fpix[ii]=fpixel[ii];
      irange[ii]=lpixel[ii]-fpixel[ii]+1;
      dimen[ii]=naxes[ii];
    }

    i1=irange[0];

    /* compute the pixel offset between each dimension */
    off2 =     dimen[0];
    off3 = off2 * dimen[1];
    off4 = off3 * dimen[2];
    off5 = off4 * dimen[3];
    off6 = off5 * dimen[4];
    off7 = off6 * dimen[5];

    st10 = fpix[0];
    st20 = (fpix[1] - 1) * off2;
    st30 = (fpix[2] - 1) * off3;
    st40 = (fpix[3] - 1) * off4;
    st50 = (fpix[4] - 1) * off5;
    st60 = (fpix[5] - 1) * off6;
    st70 = (fpix[6] - 1) * off7;

    /* store the initial offset in each dimension */
    st1 = st10;
    st2 = st20;
    st3 = st30;
    st4 = st40;
    st5 = st50;
    st6 = st60;
    st7 = st70;

    astart = 0;

    for (i7 = 0; i7 < irange[6]; i7++)
    {
     for (i6 = 0; i6 < irange[5]; i6++)
     {
      for (i5 = 0; i5 < irange[4]; i5++)
      {
       for (i4 = 0; i4 < irange[3]; i4++)
       {
        for (i3 = 0; i3 < irange[2]; i3++)
        {
         pstart = st1 + st2 + st3 + st4 + st5 + st6 + st7;

         for (i2 = 0; i2 < irange[1]; i2++)
         {
           if (ffpcli(fptr, 2, tablerow, pstart, i1, &array[astart],
              status) > 0)
              return(*status);

           astart += i1;
           pstart += off2;
         }
         st2 = st20;
         st3 = st3+off3;    
        }
        st3 = st30;
        st4 = st4+off4;
       }
       st4 = st40;
       st5 = st5+off5;
      }
      st5 = st50;
      st6 = st6+off6;
     }
     st6 = st60;
     st7 = st7+off7;
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpgpi( fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                      */
            long  group,      /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)          */
            long  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st) */
            long  nelem,      /* I - number of values to write              */
            short *array,     /* I - array of values that are written       */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                          */
/*
  Write an array of group parameters to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being written).
*/
{
    long row;

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffpcli(fptr, 1L, row, firstelem, nelem, array, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpcli( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            int  colnum,     /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */
            LONGLONG  firstrow,  /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row)        */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */
            LONGLONG  nelem,     /* I - number of values to write               */
            short *array,    /* I - array of values to write                */
            int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write an array of values to a column in the current FITS HDU.
  The column number may refer to a real column in an ASCII or binary table, 
  or it may refer to a virtual column in a 1 or more grouped FITS primary
  array.  FITSIO treats a primary array as a binary table with
  2 vector columns: the first column contains the group parameters (often
  with length = 0) and the second column contains the array of image pixels.
  Each row of the table represents a group in the case of multigroup FITS
  images.

  The input array of values will be converted to the datatype of the column 
  and will be inverse-scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary.
*/
{
    int tcode, maxelem2, hdutype, writeraw;
    long twidth, incre;
    long ntodo;
    LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, wrtptr, rowlen, rownum, remain, next, tnull, maxelem;
    double scale, zero;
    char tform[20], cform[20];
    char message[FLEN_ERRMSG];

    char snull[20];   /*  the FITS null value  */

    double cbuff[DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double)]; /* align cbuff on word boundary */
    void *buffer;

    if (*status > 0)           /* inherit input status value if > 0 */
        return(*status);

    buffer = cbuff;

    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Check input and get parameters about the column: */
    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    if (ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, &scale, &zero,
        tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem2, &startpos,  &elemnum, &incre,
        &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0)
        return(*status);
    maxelem = maxelem2;

    if (tcode == TSTRING)   
         ffcfmt(tform, cform);     /* derive C format for writing strings */

    /*
      if there is no scaling and the native machine format is not byteswapped,
      then we can simply write the raw data bytes into the FITS file if the
      datatype of the FITS column is the same as the input values.  Otherwise,
      we must convert the raw values into the scaled and/or machine dependent
      format in a temporary buffer that has been allocated for this purpose.
    */
    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0. &&
       MACHINE == NATIVE && tcode == TSHORT)
    {
        writeraw = 1;
        if (nelem < (LONGLONG)INT32_MAX) {
            maxelem = nelem;
        } else {
            maxelem = INT32_MAX/2;
        }
    }
    else
        writeraw = 0;

    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Now write the pixels to the FITS column.                           */
    /*  First call the ffXXfYY routine to  (1) convert the datatype        */
    /*  if necessary, and (2) scale the values by the FITS TSCALn and      */
    /*  TZEROn linear scaling parameters into a temporary buffer.          */
    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    remain = nelem;           /* remaining number of values to write  */
    next = 0;                 /* next element in array to be written  */
    rownum = 0;               /* row number, relative to firstrow     */

    while (remain)
    {
        /* limit the number of pixels to process a one time to the number that
           will fit in the buffer space or to the number of pixels that remain
           in the current vector, which ever is smaller.
        */
        ntodo = (long) minvalue(remain, maxelem);      
        ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, (repeat - elemnum));

        wrtptr = startpos + ((LONGLONG)rownum * rowlen) + (elemnum * incre);

        ffmbyt(fptr, wrtptr, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* move to write position */

        switch (tcode) 
        {
            case (TSHORT):
              if (writeraw)
              {
                /* write raw input bytes without conversion */
                ffpi2b(fptr, ntodo, incre, &array[next], status);
              }
              else
              {
                /* convert the raw data before writing to FITS file */
                ffi2fi2(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                        (short *) buffer, status);
                ffpi2b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (short *) buffer, status);
              }

              break;

            case (TLONGLONG):

                ffi2fi8(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                        (LONGLONG *) buffer, status);
                ffpi8b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (long *) buffer, status);
                break;

             case (TBYTE):

                ffi2fi1(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                        (unsigned char *) buffer, status);
                ffpi1b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (unsigned char *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TLONG):

                ffi2fi4(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                        (INT32BIT *) buffer, status);
                ffpi4b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (INT32BIT *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TFLOAT):

                ffi2fr4(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                        (float *) buffer, status);
                ffpr4b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (float *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TDOUBLE):
                ffi2fr8(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                        (double *) buffer, status);
                ffpr8b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (double *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TSTRING):  /* numerical column in an ASCII table */

                if (cform[1] != 's')  /*  "%s" format is a string */
                {
                  ffi2fstr(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, cform,
                          twidth, (char *) buffer, status);


                  if (incre == twidth)    /* contiguous bytes */
                     ffpbyt(fptr, ntodo * twidth, buffer, status);
                  else
                     ffpbytoff(fptr, twidth, ntodo, incre - twidth, buffer,
                            status);

                  break;
                }
                /* can't write to string column, so fall thru to default: */

            default:  /*  error trap  */
                snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, 
                    "Cannot write numbers to column %d which has format %s",
                      colnum,tform);
                ffpmsg(message);
                if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL)
                    return(*status = BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT);
                else
                    return(*status = BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT);

        } /* End of switch block */

        /*-------------------------*/
        /*  Check for fatal error  */
        /*-------------------------*/
        if (*status > 0)  /* test for error during previous write operation */
        {
         snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,
          "Error writing elements %.0f thru %.0f of input data array (ffpcli).",
             (double) (next+1), (double) (next+ntodo));
         ffpmsg(message);
         return(*status);
        }

        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        /*  increment the counters for the next loop  */
        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        remain -= ntodo;
        if (remain)
        {
            next += ntodo;
            elemnum += ntodo;
            if (elemnum == repeat)  /* completed a row; start on next row */
            {
                elemnum = 0;
                rownum++;
            }
        }
    }  /*  End of main while Loop  */


    /*--------------------------------*/
    /*  check for numerical overflow  */
    /*--------------------------------*/
    if (*status == OVERFLOW_ERR)
    {
       ffpmsg(
       "Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.");
       *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpcni( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            int  colnum,     /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */
            LONGLONG  firstrow,  /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row)        */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */
            LONGLONG  nelem,     /* I - number of values to write               */
            short *array,    /* I - array of values to write                */
            short  nulvalue, /* I - value used to flag undefined pixels     */
            int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write an array of elements to the specified column of a table.  Any input
  pixels equal to the value of nulvalue will be replaced by the appropriate
  null value in the output FITS file. 

  The input array of values will be converted to the datatype of the column 
  and will be inverse-scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary
*/
{
    tcolumn *colptr;
    LONGLONG  ngood = 0, nbad = 0, ii;
    LONGLONG repeat, first, fstelm, fstrow;
    int tcode, overflow = 0;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */
    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
    else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
    {
        if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0)               /* rescan header */
            return(*status);
    }

    colptr  = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr;   /* point to first column */
    colptr += (colnum - 1);     /* offset to correct column structure */

    tcode  = colptr->tdatatype;

    if (tcode > 0)
       repeat = colptr->trepeat;  /* repeat count for this column */
    else
       repeat = firstelem -1 + nelem;  /* variable length arrays */

    /* if variable length array, first write the whole input vector, 
       then go back and fill in the nulls */
    if (tcode < 0) {
      if (ffpcli(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, array, status) > 0) {
        if (*status == NUM_OVERFLOW) 
	{
	  /* ignore overflows, which are possibly the null pixel values */
	  /*  overflow = 1;   */
	  *status = 0;
	} else { 
          return(*status);
	}
      }
    }

    /* absolute element number in the column */
    first = (firstrow - 1) * repeat + firstelem;

    for (ii = 0; ii < nelem; ii++)
    {
      if (array[ii] != nulvalue)  /* is this a good pixel? */
      {
         if (nbad)  /* write previous string of bad pixels */
         {
            fstelm = ii - nbad + first;  /* absolute element number */
            fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
            fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

            if (ffpclu(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, nbad, status) > 0)
                return(*status);

            nbad=0;
         }

         ngood = ngood +1;  /* the consecutive number of good pixels */
      }
      else
      {
         if (ngood)  /* write previous string of good pixels */
         {
            fstelm = ii - ngood + first;  /* absolute element number */
            fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
            fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

            if (tcode > 0) {  /* variable length arrays have already been written */
              if (ffpcli(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, ngood, &array[ii-ngood],
                status) > 0) {
		if (*status == NUM_OVERFLOW) 
		{
		  overflow = 1;
		  *status = 0;
		} else { 
                  return(*status);
		}
	      }
	    }
            ngood=0;
         }

         nbad = nbad +1;  /* the consecutive number of bad pixels */
      }
    }

    /* finished loop;  now just write the last set of pixels */

    if (ngood)  /* write last string of good pixels */
    {
      fstelm = ii - ngood + first;  /* absolute element number */
      fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
      fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

      if (tcode > 0) {  /* variable length arrays have already been written */
        ffpcli(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, ngood, &array[ii-ngood], status);
      }
    }
    else if (nbad) /* write last string of bad pixels */
    {
      fstelm = ii - nbad + first;  /* absolute element number */
      fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
      fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

      ffpclu(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, nbad, status);
    }

    if (*status <= 0) {
      if (overflow) {
        *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
      }
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffi2fi1(short *input,          /* I - array of values to be converted  */
            long ntodo,            /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,          /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,           /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            unsigned char *output, /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)           /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            if (input[ii] < 0)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = 0;
            }
            else if (input[ii] > UCHAR_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX;
            }
            else
                output[ii] = (unsigned char) input[ii];
        }
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;

            if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = 0;
            }
            else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX;
            }
            else
                output[ii] = (unsigned char) (dvalue + .5);
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffi2fi2(short *input,       /* I - array of values to be converted  */
            long ntodo,         /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,       /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,        /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            short *output,      /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)        /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        memcpy(output, input, ntodo * sizeof(short) );
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;

            if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
            }
            else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
            }
            else
            {
                if (dvalue >= 0)
                    output[ii] = (short) (dvalue + .5);
                else
                    output[ii] = (short) (dvalue - .5);
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffi2fi4(short *input,      /* I - array of values to be converted  */
            long ntodo,        /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,      /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,       /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            INT32BIT *output,  /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)       /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            output[ii] = (INT32BIT) input[ii];   /* just copy input to output */
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;

            if (dvalue < DINT_MIN)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = INT32_MIN;
            }
            else if (dvalue > DINT_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = INT32_MAX;
            }
            else
            {
                if (dvalue >= 0)
                    output[ii] = (INT32BIT) (dvalue + .5);
                else
                    output[ii] = (INT32BIT) (dvalue - .5);
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffi2fi8(short *input,      /* I - array of values to be converted  */
            long ntodo,        /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,      /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,       /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            LONGLONG *output,  /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)       /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (scale == 1. && zero ==  9223372036854775808.)
    {       
        /* Writing to unsigned long long column. Input values must not be negative */
        /* Instead of subtracting 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */
        /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) {
           if (input[ii] < 0) {
              *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
              output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN;
           } else {
              output[ii] =  ((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000;
           }
        }
    }
    else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
                output[ii] = input[ii];
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;

            if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN;
            }
            else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX;
            }
            else
            {
                if (dvalue >= 0)
                    output[ii] = (LONGLONG) (dvalue + .5);
                else
                    output[ii] = (LONGLONG) (dvalue - .5);
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffi2fr4(short *input,      /* I - array of values to be converted  */
            long ntodo,        /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,      /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,       /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            float *output,     /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)       /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
*/
{
    long ii;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
                output[ii] = (float) input[ii];
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            output[ii] = (float) ((input[ii] - zero) / scale);
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffi2fr8(short *input,      /* I - array of values to be converted  */
            long ntodo,        /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,      /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,       /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            double *output,    /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)       /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
*/
{
    long ii;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
                output[ii] = (double) input[ii];
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            output[ii] = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffi2fstr(short *input,     /* I - array of values to be converted  */
            long ntodo,        /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,      /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,       /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            char *cform,       /* I - format for output string values  */
            long twidth,       /* I - width of each field, in chars    */
            char *output,      /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)       /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do scaling if required.
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    char *cptr;
    
    cptr = output;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
           sprintf(output, cform, (double) input[ii]);
           output += twidth;

           if (*output)  /* if this char != \0, then overflow occurred */
              *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
          dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;
          sprintf(output, cform, dvalue);
          output += twidth;

          if (*output)  /* if this char != \0, then overflow occurred */
            *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
        }
    }

    /* replace any commas with periods (e.g., in French locale) */
    while ((cptr = strchr(cptr, ','))) *cptr = '.';

    return(*status);
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/fitsio2.h0000644000225700000360000020037714523006111014177 0ustar  cagordonlhea#ifndef _FITSIO2_H
#define _FITSIO2_H
 
#include "fitsio.h"

/* 
    Threading support using POSIX threads programming interface
    (supplied by Bruce O'Neel) 

    All threaded programs MUST have the 

    -D_REENTRANT

    on the compile line and must link with -lpthread.  This means that
    when one builds cfitsio for threads you must have -D_REENTRANT on the
    gcc or cc command line.
*/

#ifdef _REENTRANT
#include 
/*  #include   not needed any more */
extern pthread_mutex_t Fitsio_Lock;
extern int Fitsio_Pthread_Status;

#define FFLOCK1(lockname)   (Fitsio_Pthread_Status = pthread_mutex_lock(&lockname))
#define FFUNLOCK1(lockname) (Fitsio_Pthread_Status = pthread_mutex_unlock(&lockname))
#define FFLOCK   FFLOCK1(Fitsio_Lock)
#define FFUNLOCK FFUNLOCK1(Fitsio_Lock)
#define ffstrtok(str, tok, save) strtok_r(str, tok, save)

#else
#define FFLOCK
#define FFUNLOCK
#define ffstrtok(str, tok, save) strtok(str, tok)
#endif

/*
  If REPLACE_LINKS is defined, then whenever CFITSIO fails to open
  a file with write access because it is a soft link to a file that
  only has read access, then CFITSIO will attempt to replace
  the link with a local copy of the file, with write access.  This
  feature was originally added to support the ftools in the Hera
  environment, where many of the user's data file are soft links.
*/
#if defined(BUILD_HERA)
#define REPLACE_LINKS 1
#endif

#define USE_LARGE_VALUE -99  /* flag used when writing images */

#define DBUFFSIZE 28800 /* size of data buffer in bytes */

#define NMAXFILES  10000   /* maximum number of FITS files that can be opened */
        /* CFITSIO will allocate (NMAXFILES * 80) bytes of memory */
	/* plus each file that is opened will use NIOBUF * 2880 bytes of memeory */
	/* where NIOBUF is defined in fitio.h and has a default value of 40 */

#define MINDIRECT 8640   /* minimum size for direct reads and writes */
                         /* MINDIRECT must have a value >= 8640 */

/*   it is useful to identify certain specific types of machines   */
#define NATIVE             0 /* machine that uses non-byteswapped IEEE formats */
#define OTHERTYPE          1  /* any other type of machine */
#define VAXVMS             3  /* uses an odd floating point format */
#define ALPHAVMS           4  /* uses an odd floating point format */
#define IBMPC              5  /* used in drvrfile.c to work around a bug on PCs */
#define CRAY               6  /* requires a special NaN test algorithm */

#define GFLOAT             1  /* used for VMS */
#define IEEEFLOAT          2  /* used for VMS */

/* ======================================================================= */
/* The following logic is used to determine the type machine,              */
/*  whether the bytes are swapped, and the number of bits in a long value  */
/* ======================================================================= */

/*   The following platforms have sizeof(long) == 8               */
/*   This block of code should match a similar block in fitsio.h  */
/*   and the block of code at the beginning of f77_wrap.h         */

#if defined(__alpha) && ( defined(__unix__) || defined(__NetBSD__) )
                                  /* old Dec Alpha platforms running OSF */
#define BYTESWAPPED TRUE
#define LONGSIZE 64

#elif defined(__sparcv9) || (defined(__sparc__) && defined(__arch64__))
                               /*  SUN Solaris7 in 64-bit mode */
#define BYTESWAPPED FALSE
#define MACHINE NATIVE
#define LONGSIZE 64   

                            /* IBM System z mainframe support */ 
#elif defined(__s390x__)
#define BYTESWAPPED FALSE
#define LONGSIZE 64

#elif defined(__s390__)
#define BYTESWAPPED FALSE
#define LONGSIZE 32

#elif defined(__ia64__)  || defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__AARCH64EL__)
                  /*  Intel itanium 64-bit PC, or AMD opteron 64-bit PC */
#define BYTESWAPPED TRUE
#define LONGSIZE 64   

#elif defined(_SX)             /* Nec SuperUx */

#define BYTESWAPPED FALSE
#define MACHINE NATIVE
#define LONGSIZE 64

#elif defined(__powerpc64__) || defined(__64BIT__) || defined(__AARCH64EB__)  /* IBM 64-bit AIX powerpc*/
                              /* could also test for __ppc64__ or __PPC64 */

#  if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN__)
#   define BYTESWAPPED TRUE
#  else
#   define BYTESWAPPED FALSE
#   define MACHINE NATIVE
#  endif
#  define LONGSIZE 64

#elif defined(_MIPS_SZLONG)

#  if defined(MIPSEL)
#    define BYTESWAPPED TRUE
#  else
#    define BYTESWAPPED FALSE
#    define MACHINE NATIVE
#  endif

#  if _MIPS_SZLONG == 32
#    define LONGSIZE 32
#  elif _MIPS_SZLONG == 64
#    define LONGSIZE 64
#  else
#    error "can't handle long size given by _MIPS_SZLONG"
#  endif

#elif defined(__riscv)

/* RISC-V is always little endian */

#define BYTESWAPPED TRUE

#  if __riscv_xlen == 32
#    define LONGSIZE 32
#  elif __riscv_xlen == 64
#    define LONGSIZE 64
#  else
#    error "can't handle long size given by __riscv_xlen"
#  endif

/* ============================================================== */
/*  the following are all 32-bit byteswapped platforms            */

#elif defined(vax) && defined(VMS)
 
#define MACHINE VAXVMS
#define BYTESWAPPED TRUE
 
#elif defined(__alpha) && defined(__VMS)

#if (__D_FLOAT == TRUE)

/* this float option is the same as for VAX/VMS machines. */
#define MACHINE VAXVMS
#define BYTESWAPPED TRUE
 
#elif  (__G_FLOAT == TRUE)
 
/*  G_FLOAT is the default for ALPHA VMS systems */
#define MACHINE ALPHAVMS
#define BYTESWAPPED TRUE
#define FLOATTYPE GFLOAT
 
#elif  (__IEEE_FLOAT == TRUE)
 
#define MACHINE ALPHAVMS
#define BYTESWAPPED TRUE
#define FLOATTYPE IEEEFLOAT

#endif  /* end of alpha VMS case */

#elif defined(ultrix) && defined(unix)
 /* old Dec ultrix machines */
#define BYTESWAPPED TRUE
 
#elif defined(__i386) || defined(__i386__) || defined(__i486__) || defined(__i586__) \
  || defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__) || defined(__TURBOC__) \
  || defined(_NI_mswin_) || defined(__EMX__)

/*  generic 32-bit IBM PC */
#define MACHINE IBMPC
#define BYTESWAPPED TRUE

#elif defined(__arm__)

/* This assumes all ARM are little endian.  In the future, it might be  */
/* necessary to use  "if defined(__ARMEL__)"  to distinguish little from big. */
/* (__ARMEL__ would be defined on little-endian, but not on big-endian). */

#define BYTESWAPPED TRUE
 
#elif defined(__tile__)

/*  64-core 8x8-architecture Tile64 platform */

#define BYTESWAPPED TRUE

#elif defined(__sh__)

/* SuperH CPU can be used in both little and big endian modes */

#if defined(__LITTLE_ENDIAN__)
#define BYTESWAPPED TRUE
#else
#define BYTESWAPPED FALSE
#endif

#else

/*  assume all other machine uses the same IEEE formats as used in FITS files */
/*  e.g., Macs fall into this category  */

#define MACHINE NATIVE
#define BYTESWAPPED FALSE
 
#endif

#ifndef MACHINE
#define MACHINE  OTHERTYPE
#endif

/*  assume longs are 4 bytes long, unless previously set otherwise */
#ifndef LONGSIZE
#define LONGSIZE 32
#endif

/*       end of block that determine long size and byte swapping        */ 
/* ==================================================================== */
 
#define IGNORE_EOF 1
#define REPORT_EOF 0
#define DATA_UNDEFINED -1
#define NULL_UNDEFINED 1234554321
#define ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED 1   /* indicate no defined null value */
 
#define maxvalue(A,B) ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
#define minvalue(A,B) ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))

/* faster string comparison macros */
#define FSTRCMP(a,b)     ((a)[0]<(b)[0]? -1:(a)[0]>(b)[0]?1:strcmp((a),(b)))
#define FSTRNCMP(a,b,n)  ((a)[0]<(b)[0]?-1:(a)[0]>(b)[0]?1:strncmp((a),(b),(n)))

#if defined(__VMS) || defined(VMS)
 
#define FNANMASK   0xFFFF /* mask all bits  */
#define DNANMASK   0xFFFF /* mask all bits  */
 
#else
 
#define FNANMASK   0x7F80 /* mask bits 1 - 8; all set on NaNs */
                                     /* all 0 on underflow  or 0. */
 
#define DNANMASK   0x7FF0 /* mask bits 1 - 11; all set on NaNs */
                                     /* all 0 on underflow  or 0. */
 
#endif
 
#if MACHINE == CRAY
    /*
      Cray machines:   the large negative integer corresponds
      to the 3 most sig digits set to 1.   If these
      3 bits are set in a floating point number (64 bits), then it represents
      a reserved value (i.e., a NaN)
    */
#define fnan(L) ( (L) >= 0xE000000000000000 ? 1 : 0) )
 
#else
    /* these functions work for both big and little endian machines */
    /* that use the IEEE floating point format for internal numbers */
 
   /* These functions tests whether the float value is a reserved IEEE     */
   /* value such as a Not-a-Number (NaN), or underflow, overflow, or       */
   /* infinity.   The functions returns 1 if the value is a NaN, overflow  */
   /* or infinity; it returns 2 if the value is an denormalized underflow  */
   /* value; otherwise it returns 0. fnan tests floats, dnan tests doubles */
 
#define fnan(L) \
      ( (L & FNANMASK) == FNANMASK ?  1 : (L & FNANMASK) == 0 ? 2 : 0)
 
#define dnan(L) \
      ( (L & DNANMASK) == DNANMASK ?  1 : (L & DNANMASK) == 0 ? 2 : 0)
 
#endif

#define DSCHAR_MAX  127.49 /* max double value that fits in an signed char */
#define DSCHAR_MIN -128.49 /* min double value that fits in an signed char */
#define DUCHAR_MAX  255.49 /* max double value that fits in an unsigned char */
#define DUCHAR_MIN -0.49   /* min double value that fits in an unsigned char */
#define DUSHRT_MAX  65535.49 /* max double value that fits in a unsigned short*/
#define DUSHRT_MIN -0.49   /* min double value that fits in an unsigned short */
#define DSHRT_MAX  32767.49 /* max double value that fits in a short */
#define DSHRT_MIN -32768.49 /* min double value that fits in a short */

#if LONGSIZE == 32
#  define DLONG_MAX  2147483647.49 /* max double value that fits in a long */
#  define DLONG_MIN -2147483648.49 /* min double value that fits in a long */
#  define DULONG_MAX 4294967295.49 /* max double that fits in a unsigned long */
#else
#  define DLONG_MAX   9.2233720368547752E18 /* max double value  long */
#  define DLONG_MIN  -9.2233720368547752E18 /* min double value  long */
#  define DULONG_MAX 1.84467440737095504E19 /* max double value  ulong */
#endif

#define DULONG_MIN -0.49   /* min double value that fits in an unsigned long */
#define DULONGLONG_MAX 18446744073709551615. /* max unsigned  longlong */
#define DULONGLONG_MIN -0.49
#define DLONGLONG_MAX  9.2233720368547755807E18 /* max double value  longlong */
#define DLONGLONG_MIN -9.2233720368547755808E18 /* min double value  longlong */
#define DUINT_MAX 4294967295.49 /* max dbl that fits in a unsigned 4-byte int */
#define DUINT_MIN -0.49   /* min dbl that fits in an unsigned 4-byte int */
#define DINT_MAX  2147483647.49 /* max double value that fits in a 4-byte int */
#define DINT_MIN -2147483648.49 /* min double value that fits in a 4-byte int */

#ifndef UINT64_MAX
#define UINT64_MAX 18446744073709551615U /* max unsigned 64-bit integer */
#endif
#ifndef UINT32_MAX
#define UINT32_MAX 4294967295U /* max unsigned 32-bit integer */
#endif
#ifndef INT32_MAX
#define INT32_MAX  2147483647 /* max 32-bit integer */
#endif
#ifndef INT32_MIN
#define INT32_MIN (-INT32_MAX -1) /* min 32-bit integer */
#endif


#define COMPRESS_NULL_VALUE -2147483647
#define N_RANDOM 10000  /* DO NOT CHANGE THIS;  used when quantizing real numbers */

int ffgnky(fitsfile *fptr, char *card, int *status);
void ffcfmt(char *tform, char *cform);
void ffcdsp(char *tform, char *cform);
void ffswap2(short *values, long nvalues);
void ffswap4(INT32BIT *values, long nvalues);
void ffswap8(double *values, long nvalues);
int ffi2c(LONGLONG ival, char *cval, int *status);
int ffu2c(ULONGLONG ival, char *cval, int *status);
int ffl2c(int lval, char *cval, int *status);
int ffs2c(const char *instr, char *outstr, int *status);
int ffs2c_nopad(const char *instr, char *outstr, int *status);
int ffr2f(float fval, int decim, char *cval, int *status);
int ffr2e(float fval, int decim, char *cval, int *status);
int ffd2f(double dval, int decim, char *cval, int *status);
int ffd2e(double dval, int decim, char *cval, int *status);
int ffc2ii(const char *cval, long *ival, int *status);
int ffc2jj(const char *cval, LONGLONG *ival, int *status);
int ffc2ujj(const char *cval, ULONGLONG *ival, int *status);
int ffc2ll(const char *cval, int *lval, int *status);
int ffc2rr(const char *cval, float *fval, int *status);
int ffc2dd(const char *cval, double *dval, int *status);
int ffc2x(const char *cval, char *dtype, long *ival, int *lval, char *sval,
          double *dval, int *status);
int ffc2xx(const char *cval, char *dtype, LONGLONG *ival, int *lval, char *sval,
          double *dval, int *status);
int ffc2uxx(const char *cval, char *dtype, ULONGLONG *ival, int *lval, char *sval,
          double *dval, int *status);
int ffc2s(const char *instr, char *outstr, int *status);
int ffc2i(const char *cval, long *ival, int *status);
int ffc2j(const char *cval, LONGLONG *ival, int *status);
int ffc2uj(const char *cval, ULONGLONG *ival, int *status);
int ffc2r(const char *cval, float *fval, int *status);
int ffc2d(const char *cval, double *dval, int *status);
int ffc2l(const char *cval, int *lval, int *status);
void ffxmsg(int action, char *err_message);
int ffgcnt(fitsfile *fptr, char *value, char *comm, int *status);
int ffgtkn(fitsfile *fptr, int numkey, char *keyname, long *value, int *status);
int ffgtknjj(fitsfile *fptr, int numkey, char *keyname, LONGLONG *value, int *status);
int fftkyn(fitsfile *fptr, int numkey, char *keyname, char *value, int *status);
int ffgphd(fitsfile *fptr, int maxdim, int *simple, int *bitpix, int *naxis,
        LONGLONG naxes[], long *pcount, long *gcount, int *extend, double *bscale,
          double *bzero, LONGLONG *blank, int *nspace, int *status);
int ffgttb(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG *rowlen, LONGLONG *nrows, LONGLONG *pcount,
          long *tfield, int *status);
int ffglkut(fitsfile *fptr,const char *keyname,int firstchar,int maxchar,int maxcomchar,
           char *value,int *valuelen,char *comm,int *comlen,int  *status);
 
int ffmkey(fitsfile *fptr, const char *card, int *status);
int fits_make_longstr_key_util(fitsfile *fptr, const char *keyname, const char *value,
           const char *comm, int position, int *status);
 
/*  ffmbyt has been moved to fitsio.h */
int ffgbyt(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG nbytes, void *buffer, int *status);
int ffpbyt(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG nbytes, void *buffer, int *status);
int ffgbytoff(fitsfile *fptr, long gsize, long ngroups, long offset, 
           void *buffer, int *status);
int ffpbytoff(fitsfile *fptr, long gsize, long ngroups, long offset,
           void *buffer, int *status);
int ffldrc(fitsfile *fptr, long record, int err_mode, int *status);
int ffwhbf(fitsfile *fptr, int *nbuff);
int ffbfeof(fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
int ffbfwt(FITSfile *Fptr, int nbuff, int *status);
int ffpxsz(int datatype);

int ffourl(char *url, char *urltype, char *outfile, char *tmplfile,
            char *compspec, int *status);
int ffparsecompspec(fitsfile *fptr, char *compspec, int *status);
int ffoptplt(fitsfile *fptr, const char *tempname, int *status);
int fits_is_this_a_copy(char *urltype);
char *fits_find_match_delim(char *, char);
int fits_store_Fptr(FITSfile *Fptr, int *status);
int fits_clear_Fptr(FITSfile *Fptr, int *status);
int fits_already_open(fitsfile **fptr, char *url, 
    char *urltype, char *infile, char *extspec, char *rowfilter,
    char *binspec, char *colspec, int  mode, int noextsyn,
    int  *isopen, int  *status);
int ffedit_columns(fitsfile **fptr, char *outfile, char *expr, int *status);
int fits_get_col_minmax(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, double *datamin, 
                     double *datamax, int *status);
/* "Extended syntax" versions of histogram binning which permit
   expressions instead of just columns.  The existing interfaces
   still work */
int fits_get_expr_minmax(fitsfile *fptr, char *expr, double *datamin, 
			 double *datamax, int *datatype, int *status);
int ffbinse(char *binspec, int *imagetype, int *haxis, 
	    char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], double *minin,
	    double *maxin, double *binsizein,
	    char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE],
	    char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], double *weight, char *wtname,
	    int *recip, char ***exprs, int *status);
int ffbinre(char **binspec, char *colname, char **exprbeg, char **exprend,
	    double *minin, double *maxin, double *binsizein, char *minname,
	    char *maxname, char *binname, int *status);
int ffhist2e(fitsfile **fptr, char *outfile, int imagetype, int naxis,
	     char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char *colexpr[4], 
	     double *minin, double *maxin, double *binsizein, 
	     char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], 
	     char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE], 
	     double weightin, char wtcol[FLEN_VALUE], char *wtexpr,           
	     int recip, char *selectrow, int *status);
int fits_calc_binningde(fitsfile *, int, char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE],
	  char *colexpr[4], double *minin, double *maxin, double *binsizein,
          char minname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char maxname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char binname[4][FLEN_VALUE],			       
          int *, int *, long *, double *, double *, double *, long *, int *);
int fits_write_keys_histoe(fitsfile *fptr,  fitsfile *histptr, 
          int naxis, int *colnum, char colname[4][FLEN_VALUE], char *colexpr[4], int *status);  
int fits_make_histde(fitsfile *fptr, fitsfile *histptr, int *datatypes, int bitpix,int naxis,
     long *naxes,  int *colnum,  char *colexpr[4], double *amin,  double *amax, double *binsize,
     double weight, int wtcolnum, char *wtexpr, int recip, char *selectrow, int *status);
int ffwritehisto(long totaln, long offset, long firstn, long nvalues,
             int narrays, iteratorCol *imagepars, void *userPointer);
int ffcalchist(long totalrows, long offset, long firstrow, long nrows,
             int ncols, iteratorCol *colpars, void *userPointer);
int ffpinit(fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
int ffainit(fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
int ffbinit(fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
int ffchdu(fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
int ffwend(fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
int ffpdfl(fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
int ffuptf(fitsfile *fptr, int *status);

int ffdblk(fitsfile *fptr, long nblocks, int *status);
int ffgext(fitsfile *fptr, int moveto, int *exttype, int *status);
int ffgtbc(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG *totalwidth, int *status);
int ffgtbp(fitsfile *fptr, char *name, char *value, int *status);
int ffiblk(fitsfile *fptr, long nblock, int headdata, int *status);
int ffshft(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG firstbyte, LONGLONG nbytes, LONGLONG nshift,
    int *status);
 
 int ffgcprll(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, int writemode, double *scale, double *zero, char *tform,
           long *twidth, int *tcode, int *maxelem, LONGLONG *startpos,
           LONGLONG *elemnum, long *incre, LONGLONG *repeat, LONGLONG *rowlen,
           int *hdutype, LONGLONG *tnull, char *snull, int *status);
	   
int ffflushx(FITSfile *fptr);
int ffseek(FITSfile *fptr, LONGLONG position);
int ffread(FITSfile *fptr, long nbytes, void *buffer,
            int *status);
int ffwrite(FITSfile *fptr, long nbytes, void *buffer,
            int *status);
int fftrun(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG filesize, int *status);

int ffpcluc(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, int *status);
	   
int ffgcll(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, int nultyp, char nulval, char *array, char *nularray,
           int *anynul, int *status);
int ffgcls(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, int nultyp, char *nulval,
           char **array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int  *status);
int ffgcls2(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, int nultyp, char *nulval,
           char **array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int  *status);
int ffgclb(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, long  elemincre, int nultyp, unsigned char nulval,
           unsigned char *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int  *status);
int ffgclsb(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, long  elemincre, int nultyp, signed char nulval,
           signed char *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int  *status);
int ffgclui(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, long  elemincre, int nultyp, unsigned short nulval,
           unsigned short *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int  *status);
int ffgcli(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, long  elemincre, int nultyp, short nulval,
           short *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int  *status);
int ffgcluj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, long elemincre, int nultyp, unsigned long nulval,
           unsigned long *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int  *status);
int ffgclujj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, long elemincre, int nultyp, ULONGLONG nulval, 
           ULONGLONG *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int  *status);
int ffgcljj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, long elemincre, int nultyp, LONGLONG nulval, 
           LONGLONG *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int  *status);
int ffgclj(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, long elemincre, int nultyp, long nulval, long *array,
           char *nularray, int *anynul, int  *status);
int ffgcluk(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, long elemincre, int nultyp, unsigned int nulval,
           unsigned int *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int  *status);
int ffgclk(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, long elemincre, int nultyp, int nulval, int *array,
           char *nularray, int *anynul, int  *status);
int ffgcle(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, long elemincre, int nultyp,  float nulval, float *array,
           char *nularray, int *anynul, int  *status);
int ffgcld(fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, LONGLONG firstrow, LONGLONG firstelem,
           LONGLONG nelem, long elemincre, int nultyp, double nulval,
           double *array, char *nularray, int *anynul, int  *status);
 
int ffpi1b(fitsfile *fptr, long nelem, long incre, unsigned char *buffer,
           int *status);
int ffpi2b(fitsfile *fptr, long nelem, long incre, short *buffer, int *status);
int ffpi4b(fitsfile *fptr, long nelem, long incre, INT32BIT *buffer,
           int *status);
int ffpi8b(fitsfile *fptr, long nelem, long incre, long *buffer, int *status);
int ffpr4b(fitsfile *fptr, long nelem, long incre, float *buffer, int *status);
int ffpr8b(fitsfile *fptr, long nelem, long incre, double *buffer, int *status);
 
int ffgi1b(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG pos, long nelem, long incre,
          unsigned char *buffer, int *status);
int ffgi2b(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG pos, long nelem, long incre, short *buffer,
          int *status);
int ffgi4b(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG pos, long nelem, long incre, INT32BIT *buffer,
          int *status);
int ffgi8b(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG pos, long nelem, long incre, long *buffer,
          int *status);
int ffgr4b(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG pos, long nelem, long incre, float *buffer,
          int *status);
int ffgr8b(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG pos, long nelem, long incre, double *buffer,
          int *status);
 
int ffcins(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG nbytes,
           LONGLONG bytepos, int *status);
int ffcdel(fitsfile *fptr, LONGLONG naxis1, LONGLONG naxis2, LONGLONG nbytes,
           LONGLONG bytepos, int *status);
int ffkshf(fitsfile *fptr, int firstcol, int tfields, int nshift, int *status);
int fffvcl(fitsfile *fptr, int *nvarcols, int *colnums, int *status);
 
int fffi1i1(unsigned char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned char tnull, unsigned char nullval, char
             *nullarray, int *anynull, unsigned char *output, int *status);
int fffi2i1(short *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, short tnull, unsigned char nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned char *output, int *status);
int fffi4i1(INT32BIT *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, INT32BIT tnull, unsigned char nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned char *output, int *status);
int fffi8i1(LONGLONG *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, LONGLONG tnull, unsigned char nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned char *output, int *status);
int fffr4i1(float *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned char nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned char *output, int *status);
int fffr8i1(double *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned char nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned char *output, int *status);
int fffstri1(char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            long twidth, double power, int nullcheck, char *snull,
            unsigned char nullval, char *nullarray, int *anynull,
            unsigned char *output, int *status);
 
int fffi1s1(unsigned char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned char tnull, signed char nullval, char
             *nullarray, int *anynull, signed char *output, int *status);
int fffi2s1(short *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, short tnull, signed char nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, signed char *output, int *status);
int fffi4s1(INT32BIT *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, INT32BIT tnull, signed char nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, signed char *output, int *status);
int fffi8s1(LONGLONG *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, LONGLONG tnull, signed char nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, signed char *output, int *status);
int fffr4s1(float *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, signed char nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, signed char *output, int *status);
int fffr8s1(double *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, signed char nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, signed char *output, int *status);
int fffstrs1(char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            long twidth, double power, int nullcheck, char *snull,
            signed char nullval, char *nullarray, int *anynull,
            signed char *output, int *status);

int fffi1u2(unsigned char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned char tnull, unsigned short nullval, 
            char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned short *output, int *status);
int fffi2u2(short *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, short tnull, unsigned short nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned short *output, int *status);
int fffi4u2(INT32BIT *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, INT32BIT tnull, unsigned short nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned short *output, int *status);
int fffi8u2(LONGLONG *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, LONGLONG tnull, unsigned short nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned short *output, int *status);
int fffr4u2(float *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned short nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned short *output, int *status);
int fffr8u2(double *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned short nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned short *output, int *status);
int fffstru2(char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            long twidth, double power, int nullcheck, char *snull,
            unsigned short nullval, char *nullarray, int  *anynull, 
            unsigned short *output, int *status);

int fffi1i2(unsigned char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned char tnull, short nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, short *output, int *status);
int fffi2i2(short *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, short tnull, short nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, short *output, int *status);
int fffi4i2(INT32BIT *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, INT32BIT tnull, short nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, short *output, int *status);
int fffi8i2(LONGLONG *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, LONGLONG tnull, short nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, short *output, int *status);
int fffr4i2(float *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, short nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, short *output, int *status);
int fffr8i2(double *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, short nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, short *output, int *status);
int fffstri2(char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            long twidth, double power, int nullcheck, char *snull,
            short nullval, char *nullarray, int  *anynull, short *output,
            int *status);

int fffi1u4(unsigned char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned char tnull, unsigned long nullval,
            char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned long *output, int *status);
int fffi2u4(short *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, short tnull, unsigned long nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned long *output, int *status);
int fffi4u4(INT32BIT *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, INT32BIT tnull, unsigned long nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned long *output, int *status);
int fffi8u4(LONGLONG *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, LONGLONG tnull, unsigned long nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned long *output, int *status);
int fffr4u4(float *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned long nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned long *output, int *status);
int fffr8u4(double *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned long nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned long *output, int *status);
int fffstru4(char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            long twidth, double power, int nullcheck, char *snull,
            unsigned long nullval, char *nullarray, int *anynull,
            unsigned long *output, int *status);
 
int fffi1i4(unsigned char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned char tnull, long nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, long *output, int *status);
int fffi2i4(short *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, short tnull, long nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, long *output, int *status);
int fffi4i4(INT32BIT *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, INT32BIT tnull, long nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, long *output, int *status);
int fffi8i4(LONGLONG *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, LONGLONG tnull, long nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, long *output, int *status);
int fffr4i4(float *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, long nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, long *output, int *status);
int fffr8i4(double *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, long nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, long *output, int *status);
int fffstri4(char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            long twidth, double power, int nullcheck, char *snull,
            long nullval, char *nullarray, int *anynull, long *output,
            int *status);
 
int fffi1int(unsigned char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned char tnull, int nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, int *output, int *status);
int fffi2int(short *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, short tnull, int nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, int *output, int *status);
int fffi4int(INT32BIT *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, INT32BIT tnull, int nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, int *output, int *status);
int fffi8int(LONGLONG *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, LONGLONG tnull, int nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, int *output, int *status);
int fffr4int(float *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, int nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, int *output, int *status);
int fffr8int(double *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, int nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, int *output, int *status);
int fffstrint(char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            long twidth, double power, int nullcheck, char *snull,
            int nullval, char *nullarray, int *anynull, int *output,
            int *status);
 
int fffi1uint(unsigned char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned char tnull, unsigned int nullval,
            char *nullarray, int *anynull, unsigned int *output, int *status);
int fffi2uint(short *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, short tnull, unsigned int nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned int *output, int *status);
int fffi4uint(INT32BIT *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, INT32BIT tnull, unsigned int nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned int *output, int *status);
int fffi8uint(LONGLONG *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, LONGLONG tnull, unsigned int nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned int *output, int *status);
int fffr4uint(float *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned int nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned int *output, int *status);
int fffr8uint(double *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned int nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, unsigned int *output, int *status);
int fffstruint(char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            long twidth, double power, int nullcheck, char *snull,
            unsigned int nullval, char *nullarray, int *anynull,
            unsigned int *output, int *status);
 
int fffi1i8(unsigned char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned char tnull, LONGLONG nullval, 
            char *nullarray, int *anynull, LONGLONG *output, int *status);
int fffi2i8(short *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, short tnull, LONGLONG nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, LONGLONG *output, int *status);
int fffi4i8(INT32BIT *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, INT32BIT tnull, LONGLONG nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, LONGLONG *output, int *status);
int fffi8i8(LONGLONG *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, LONGLONG tnull, LONGLONG nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, LONGLONG *output, int *status);
int fffr4i8(float *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, LONGLONG nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, LONGLONG *output, int *status);
int fffr8i8(double *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, LONGLONG nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, LONGLONG *output, int *status);
int fffstri8(char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            long twidth, double power, int nullcheck, char *snull,
            LONGLONG nullval, char *nullarray, int *anynull, LONGLONG *output,
            int *status);

int fffi1u8(unsigned char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned char tnull, ULONGLONG nullval, 
            char *nullarray, int *anynull, ULONGLONG *output, int *status);
int fffi2u8(short *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, short tnull, ULONGLONG nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, ULONGLONG *output, int *status);
int fffi4u8(INT32BIT *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, INT32BIT tnull, ULONGLONG nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, ULONGLONG *output, int *status);
int fffi8u8(LONGLONG *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, LONGLONG tnull, ULONGLONG nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, ULONGLONG *output, int *status);
int fffr4u8(float *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, ULONGLONG nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, ULONGLONG *output, int *status);
int fffr8u8(double *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, ULONGLONG nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, ULONGLONG *output, int *status);
int fffstru8(char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            long twidth, double power, int nullcheck, char *snull,
            ULONGLONG nullval, char *nullarray, int *anynull, ULONGLONG *output,
            int *status);


int fffi1r4(unsigned char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned char tnull, float nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, float *output, int *status);
int fffi2r4(short *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, short tnull, float nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, float *output, int *status);
int fffi4r4(INT32BIT *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, INT32BIT tnull, float nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, float *output, int *status);
int fffi8r4(LONGLONG *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, LONGLONG tnull, float nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, float *output, int *status);
int fffr4r4(float *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, float nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, float *output, int *status);
int fffr8r4(double *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, float nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, float *output, int *status);
int fffstrr4(char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            long twidth, double power, int nullcheck, char *snull,
            float nullval, char *nullarray, int *anynull, float *output,
            int *status);
 
int fffi1r8(unsigned char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, unsigned char tnull, double nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, double *output, int *status);
int fffi2r8(short *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, short tnull, double nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, double *output, int *status);
int fffi4r8(INT32BIT *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, INT32BIT tnull, double nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, double *output, int *status);
int fffi8r8(LONGLONG *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, LONGLONG tnull, double nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, double *output, int *status);
int fffr4r8(float *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, double nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, double *output, int *status);
int fffr8r8(double *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            int nullcheck, double nullval, char *nullarray,
            int *anynull, double *output, int *status);
int fffstrr8(char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            long twidth, double power, int nullcheck, char *snull,
            double nullval, char *nullarray, int *anynull, double *output,
            int *status);
 
int ffi1fi1(unsigned char *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            unsigned char *buffer, int *status);
int ffs1fi1(signed char *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            unsigned char *buffer, int *status);
int ffu2fi1(unsigned short *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            unsigned char *buffer, int *status);
int ffi2fi1(short *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            unsigned char *buffer, int *status);
int ffu4fi1(unsigned long *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            unsigned char *buffer, int *status);
int ffi4fi1(long *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            unsigned char *buffer, int *status);
int ffu8fi1(ULONGLONG *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            unsigned char *buffer, int *status);
int ffi8fi1(LONGLONG *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            unsigned char *buffer, int *status);
int ffuintfi1(unsigned int *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            unsigned char *buffer, int *status);
int ffintfi1(int *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            unsigned char *buffer, int *status);
int ffr4fi1(float *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            unsigned char *buffer, int *status);
int ffr8fi1(double *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            unsigned char *buffer, int *status);
 
int ffi1fi2(unsigned char *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            short *buffer, int *status);
int ffs1fi2(signed char *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            short *buffer, int *status);
int ffu2fi2(unsigned short *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            short *buffer, int *status);
int ffi2fi2(short *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            short *buffer, int *status);
int ffu4fi2(unsigned long *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            short *buffer, int *status);
int ffi4fi2(long *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            short *buffer, int *status);
int ffu8fi2(ULONGLONG *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            short *buffer, int *status);
int ffi8fi2(LONGLONG *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            short *buffer, int *status);
int ffuintfi2(unsigned int *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            short *buffer, int *status);
int ffintfi2(int *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            short *buffer, int *status);
int ffr4fi2(float *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            short *buffer, int *status);
int ffr8fi2(double *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            short *buffer, int *status);
 
int ffi1fi4(unsigned char *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            INT32BIT *buffer, int *status);
int ffs1fi4(signed char *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            INT32BIT *buffer, int *status);
int ffu2fi4(unsigned short *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            INT32BIT *buffer, int *status);
int ffi2fi4(short *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            INT32BIT *buffer, int *status);
int ffu4fi4(unsigned long *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            INT32BIT *buffer, int *status);
int ffu8fi4(ULONGLONG *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            INT32BIT *buffer, int *status);
int ffi4fi4(long *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            INT32BIT *buffer, int *status);
int ffi8fi4(LONGLONG *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            INT32BIT *buffer, int *status);
int ffuintfi4(unsigned int *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            INT32BIT *buffer, int *status);
int ffintfi4(int *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            INT32BIT *buffer, int *status);
int ffr4fi4(float *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            INT32BIT *buffer, int *status);
int ffr8fi4(double *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            INT32BIT *buffer, int *status);

int ffi4fi8(long *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            LONGLONG *buffer, int *status);
int ffi8fi8(LONGLONG *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            LONGLONG *buffer, int *status);
int ffi2fi8(short *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            LONGLONG *buffer, int *status);
int ffi1fi8(unsigned char *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            LONGLONG *buffer, int *status);
int ffs1fi8(signed char *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            LONGLONG *buffer, int *status);
int ffr4fi8(float *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            LONGLONG *buffer, int *status);
int ffr8fi8(double *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            LONGLONG *buffer, int *status);
int ffintfi8(int *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            LONGLONG *buffer, int *status);
int ffu2fi8(unsigned short *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            LONGLONG *buffer, int *status);
int ffu4fi8(unsigned long *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            LONGLONG *buffer, int *status);
int ffu8fi8(ULONGLONG *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            LONGLONG *buffer, int *status);
int ffuintfi8(unsigned int *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            LONGLONG *buffer, int *status);

int ffi1fr4(unsigned char *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            float *buffer, int *status);
int ffs1fr4(signed char *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            float *buffer, int *status);
int ffu2fr4(unsigned short *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            float *buffer, int *status);
int ffi2fr4(short *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            float *buffer, int *status);
int ffu4fr4(unsigned long *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            float *buffer, int *status);
int ffi4fr4(long *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            float *buffer, int *status);
int ffu8fr4(ULONGLONG *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            float *buffer, int *status);
int ffi8fr4(LONGLONG *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            float *buffer, int *status);
int ffuintfr4(unsigned int *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            float *buffer, int *status);
int ffintfr4(int *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            float *buffer, int *status);
int ffr4fr4(float *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            float *buffer, int *status);
int ffr8fr4(double *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            float *buffer, int *status);
 
int ffi1fr8(unsigned char *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            double *buffer, int *status);
int ffs1fr8(signed char *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            double *buffer, int *status);
int ffu2fr8(unsigned short *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            double *buffer, int *status);
int ffi2fr8(short *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            double *buffer, int *status);
int ffu4fr8(unsigned long *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            double *buffer, int *status);
int ffi4fr8(long *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            double *buffer, int *status);
int ffu8fr8(ULONGLONG *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            double *buffer, int *status);
int ffi8fr8(LONGLONG *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            double *buffer, int *status);
int ffuintfr8(unsigned int *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            double *buffer, int *status);
int ffintfr8(int *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            double *buffer, int *status);
int ffr4fr8(float *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            double *buffer, int *status);
int ffr8fr8(double *array, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            double *buffer, int *status);

int ffi1fstr(unsigned char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            char *cform, long twidth, char *output, int *status);
int ffs1fstr(signed char *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            char *cform, long twidth, char *output, int *status);
int ffu2fstr(unsigned short *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            char *cform, long twidth, char *output, int *status);
int ffi2fstr(short *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            char *cform, long twidth, char *output, int *status);
int ffu4fstr(unsigned long *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            char *cform, long twidth, char *output, int *status);
int ffi4fstr(long *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            char *cform, long twidth, char *output, int *status);
int ffu8fstr(ULONGLONG *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            char *cform, long twidth, char *output, int *status);
int ffi8fstr(LONGLONG *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            char *cform, long twidth, char *output, int *status);
int ffintfstr(int *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            char *cform, long twidth, char *output, int *status);
int ffuintfstr(unsigned int *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            char *cform, long twidth, char *output, int *status);
int ffr4fstr(float *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            char *cform, long twidth, char *output, int *status);
int ffr8fstr(double *input, long ntodo, double scale, double zero,
            char *cform, long twidth, char *output, int *status);

/*  the following 4 routines are VMS macros used on VAX or Alpha VMS */
void ieevpd(double *inarray, double *outarray, long *nvals);
void ieevud(double *inarray, double *outarray, long *nvals);
void ieevpr(float *inarray, float *outarray, long *nvals);
void ieevur(float *inarray, float *outarray, long *nvals);

/*  routines related to the lexical parser  */
typedef struct ParseData_struct ParseData;
int  ffselect_table(fitsfile **fptr, char *outfile, char *expr,  int *status);
int  ffiprs( fitsfile *fptr, int compressed, char *expr, int maxdim,
	     int *datatype, long *nelem, int *naxis, long *naxes,
	     ParseData *, int *status );
void ffcprs( ParseData * );
int  ffcvtn( int inputType, void *input, char *undef, long ntodo,
	     int outputType, void *nulval, void *output,
	     int *anynull, int *status );
int  fits_parser_workfn( long totalrows, long offset, long firstrow,
                 long nrows, int nCols, iteratorCol *colData,
                 void *userPtr );
int  fits_uncompress_hkdata( ParseData *, 
			fitsfile *fptr, long ntimes, 
                        double *times, int *status );
int  ffffrw_work( long totalrows, long offset, long firstrow,
                  long nrows, int nCols, iteratorCol *colData,
                  void *userPtr );

int fits_translate_pixkeyword(char *inrec, char *outrec,char *patterns[][2],
    int npat, int naxis, int *colnum, int *pat_num, int *i,
      int *j, int *n, int *m, int *l, int *status);

/*  image compression routines */
int fits_write_compressed_img(fitsfile *fptr, 
            int  datatype, long  *fpixel, long *lpixel,   
            int nullcheck, void *array,  void *nulval,
            int  *status);
int fits_write_compressed_pixels(fitsfile *fptr, 
            int  datatype, LONGLONG  fpixel, LONGLONG npixels,   
            int nullcheck,  void *array, void *nulval,
            int  *status);
int fits_write_compressed_img_plane(fitsfile *fptr, int  datatype, 
      int  bytesperpixel,  long   nplane, long *firstcoord, long *lastcoord, 
      long *naxes,  int  nullcheck, 
      void *array,  void *nullval, long *nread, int  *status);

int imcomp_init_table(fitsfile *outfptr,
        int bitpix, int naxis,long *naxes, int writebitpix, int *status);
int imcomp_calc_max_elem (int comptype, int nx, int zbitpix, int blocksize);
int imcomp_copy_imheader(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr,
                int *status);
int imcomp_copy_img2comp(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status);
int imcomp_copy_comp2img(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, 
                          int norec, int *status);
int imcomp_copy_prime2img(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int *status);
int imcomp_compress_image (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr,
                 int *status);
int imcomp_compress_tile (fitsfile *outfptr, long row, 
    int datatype,  void *tiledata, long tilelen, long nx, long ny,
    int nullcheck, void *nullval, int *status);
int imcomp_nullscale(int *idata, long tilelen, int nullflagval, int nullval,
     double scale, double zero, int * status);
int imcomp_nullvalues(int *idata, long tilelen, int nullflagval, int nullval,
     int * status);
int imcomp_scalevalues(int *idata, long tilelen, double scale, double zero,
     int * status);
int imcomp_nullscalefloats(float *fdata, long tilelen, int *idata, 
    double scale, double zero, int nullcheck, float nullflagval, int nullval,
    int *status);
int imcomp_nullfloats(float *fdata, long tilelen, int *idata, int nullcheck,
    float nullflagval, int nullval, int *status);
int imcomp_nullscaledoubles(double *fdata, long tilelen, int *idata, 
    double scale, double zero, int nullcheck, double nullflagval, int nullval,
    int *status);
int imcomp_nulldoubles(double *fdata, long tilelen, int *idata, int nullcheck,
    double nullflagval, int nullval, int *status);
    
 
/*  image decompression routines */
int fits_read_compressed_img(fitsfile *fptr, 
            int  datatype, LONGLONG  *fpixel,LONGLONG  *lpixel,long *inc,   
            int nullcheck, void *nulval,  void *array, char *nullarray,
            int  *anynul, int  *status);
int fits_read_compressed_pixels(fitsfile *fptr, 
            int  datatype, LONGLONG  fpixel, LONGLONG npixels,   
            int nullcheck, void *nulval,  void *array, char *nullarray,
            int  *anynul, int  *status);
int fits_read_compressed_img_plane(fitsfile *fptr, int  datatype, 
      int  bytesperpixel,  long   nplane, LONGLONG *firstcoord, LONGLONG *lastcoord, 
      long *inc,  long *naxes,  int  nullcheck,  void *nullval, 
      void *array, char *nullarray, int  *anynul, long *nread, int  *status);

int imcomp_get_compressed_image_par(fitsfile *infptr, int *status);
int imcomp_decompress_tile (fitsfile *infptr,
          int nrow, int tilesize, int datatype, int nullcheck,
          void *nulval, void *buffer, char *bnullarray, int *anynul,
          int *status);
int imcomp_copy_overlap (char *tile, int pixlen, int ndim,
         long *tfpixel, long *tlpixel, char *bnullarray, char *image,
         long *fpixel, long *lpixel, long *inc, int nullcheck, char *nullarray,
         int *status);
int imcomp_test_overlap (int ndim, long *tfpixel, long *tlpixel, 
         long *fpixel, long *lpixel, long *inc, int *status);
int imcomp_merge_overlap (char *tile, int pixlen, int ndim,
         long *tfpixel, long *tlpixel, char *bnullarray, char *image,
         long *fpixel, long *lpixel, int nullcheck, int *status);
int imcomp_decompress_img(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int datatype,
         int  *status);
int fits_quantize_float (long row, float fdata[], long nx, long ny, int nullcheck,
         float in_null_value, float quantize_level, 
           int dither_method, int idata[], double *bscale, double *bzero,
           int *iminval, int *imaxval);
int fits_quantize_double (long row, double fdata[], long nx, long ny, int nullcheck,
         double in_null_value, float quantize_level,
           int dither_method, int idata[], double *bscale, double *bzero,
           int *iminval, int *imaxval);
int fits_rcomp(int a[], int nx, unsigned char *c, int clen,int nblock);
int fits_rcomp_short(short a[], int nx, unsigned char *c, int clen,int nblock);
int fits_rcomp_byte(signed char a[], int nx, unsigned char *c, int clen,int nblock);
int fits_rdecomp (unsigned char *c, int clen, unsigned int array[], int nx,
             int nblock);
int fits_rdecomp_short (unsigned char *c, int clen, unsigned short array[], int nx,
             int nblock);
int fits_rdecomp_byte (unsigned char *c, int clen, unsigned char array[], int nx,
             int nblock);
int pl_p2li (int *pxsrc, int xs, short *lldst, int npix);
int pl_l2pi (short *ll_src, int xs, int *px_dst, int npix);
int fits_init_randoms(void);
int fits_unset_compression_param( fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
int fits_unset_compression_request( fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
int fitsio_init_lock(void);

/* general driver routines */

int urltype2driver(char *urltype, int *driver);

void fits_dwnld_prog_bar(int flag);
int fits_net_timeout(int sec);

int fits_register_driver( char *prefix,
	int (*init)(void),
	int (*fitsshutdown)(void),
	int (*setoptions)(int option),
	int (*getoptions)(int *options),
	int (*getversion)(int *version),
	int (*checkfile) (char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile),
	int (*fitsopen)(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle),
	int (*fitscreate)(char *filename, int *driverhandle),
	int (*fitstruncate)(int driverhandle, LONGLONG filesize),
	int (*fitsclose)(int driverhandle),
	int (*fremove)(char *filename),
        int (*size)(int driverhandle, LONGLONG *sizex),
	int (*flush)(int driverhandle),
	int (*seek)(int driverhandle, LONGLONG offset),
	int (*fitsread) (int driverhandle, void *buffer, long nbytes),
	int (*fitswrite)(int driverhandle, void *buffer, long nbytes));

/* file driver I/O routines */

int file_init(void);
int file_setoptions(int options);
int file_getoptions(int *options);
int file_getversion(int *version);
int file_shutdown(void);
int file_checkfile(char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile);
int file_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle);
int file_compress_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *hdl);
int file_openfile(char *filename, int rwmode, FILE **diskfile);
int file_create(char *filename, int *driverhandle);
int file_truncate(int driverhandle, LONGLONG filesize);
int file_size(int driverhandle, LONGLONG *filesize);
int file_close(int driverhandle);
int file_remove(char *filename);
int file_flush(int driverhandle);
int file_seek(int driverhandle, LONGLONG offset);
int file_read (int driverhandle, void *buffer, long nbytes);
int file_write(int driverhandle, void *buffer, long nbytes);
int file_is_compressed(char *filename);

/* stream driver I/O routines */

int stream_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle);
int stream_create(char *filename, int *driverhandle);
int stream_size(int driverhandle, LONGLONG *filesize);
int stream_close(int driverhandle);
int stream_flush(int driverhandle);
int stream_seek(int driverhandle, LONGLONG offset);
int stream_read (int driverhandle, void *buffer, long nbytes);
int stream_write(int driverhandle, void *buffer, long nbytes);

/* memory driver I/O routines */

int mem_init(void);
int mem_setoptions(int options);
int mem_getoptions(int *options);
int mem_getversion(int *version);
int mem_shutdown(void);
int mem_create(char *filename, int *handle);
int mem_create_comp(char *filename, int *handle);
int mem_openmem(void **buffptr, size_t *buffsize, size_t deltasize,
                void *(*memrealloc)(void *p, size_t newsize), int *handle);
int mem_createmem(size_t memsize, int *handle);
int stdin_checkfile(char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile);
int stdin_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *handle);
int stdin2mem(int hd);
int stdin2file(int hd);
int stdout_close(int handle);
int mem_compress_openrw(char *filename, int rwmode, int *hdl);
int mem_compress_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *hdl);
int mem_compress_stdin_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *hdl);
int mem_zuncompress_and_write(int hdl, void *buffer, long nbytes);
int mem_iraf_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *hdl);
int mem_rawfile_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *hdl);
int mem_size(int handle, LONGLONG *filesize);
int mem_truncate(int handle, LONGLONG filesize);
int mem_close_free(int handle);
int mem_close_keep(int handle);
int mem_close_comp(int handle);
int mem_seek(int handle, LONGLONG offset);
int mem_read(int hdl, void *buffer, long nbytes);
int mem_write(int hdl, void *buffer, long nbytes);
int mem_uncompress2mem(char *filename, FILE *diskfile, int hdl);

int iraf2mem(char *filename, char **buffptr, size_t *buffsize, 
      size_t *filesize, int *status);

/* root driver I/O routines */

int root_init(void);
int root_setoptions(int options);
int root_getoptions(int *options);
int root_getversion(int *version);
int root_shutdown(void);
int root_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle);
int root_create(char *filename, int *driverhandle);
int root_close(int driverhandle);
int root_flush(int driverhandle);
int root_seek(int driverhandle, LONGLONG offset);
int root_read (int driverhandle, void *buffer, long nbytes);
int root_write(int driverhandle, void *buffer, long nbytes);
int root_size(int handle, LONGLONG *filesize);

/* http driver I/O routines */

int http_checkfile(char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile);
int http_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle);
int http_file_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle);
int http_compress_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle);

/* https driver I/O routines */
int https_checkfile(char* urltype, char *infile, char *outfile);
int https_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle);
int https_file_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle);
void https_set_verbose(int flag);

/* ftps driver I/O routines */
int ftps_checkfile(char* urltype, char *infile, char *outfile);
int ftps_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *handle);
int ftps_file_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *handle);
int ftps_compress_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle);

/* ftp driver I/O routines */

int ftp_checkfile(char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile);
int ftp_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle);
int ftp_file_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle);
int ftp_compress_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *driverhandle);

int uncompress2mem(char *filename, FILE *diskfile,
             char **buffptr, size_t *buffsize,
             void *(*mem_realloc)(void *p, size_t newsize),
             size_t *filesize, int *status);

int uncompress2mem_from_mem(                                                
             char *inmemptr,     
             size_t inmemsize, 
             char **buffptr,  
             size_t *buffsize,  
             void *(*mem_realloc)(void *p, size_t newsize), 
             size_t *filesize,  
             int *status);

int uncompress2file(char *filename, 
             FILE *indiskfile, 
             FILE *outdiskfile, 
             int *status);

int compress2mem_from_mem(                                                
             char *inmemptr,     
             size_t inmemsize, 
             char **buffptr,  
             size_t *buffsize,  
             void *(*mem_realloc)(void *p, size_t newsize), 
             size_t *filesize,  
             int *status);

int compress2file_from_mem(                                                
             char *inmemptr,     
             size_t inmemsize, 
             FILE *outdiskfile, 
             size_t *filesize,   /* O - size of file, in bytes              */
             int *status);


#ifdef HAVE_GSIFTP
/* prototypes for gsiftp driver I/O routines */
#include "drvrgsiftp.h"
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SHMEM_SERVICES
/* prototypes for shared memory driver I/O routines  */
#include "drvrsmem.h"
#endif

/* A hack for nonunix machines, which lack strcasecmp and strncasecmp */
/* these functions are in fitscore.c */
int fits_strcasecmp (const char *s1, const char *s2       );
int fits_strncasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n);
/* "recalloc" which is a reallocator in the style of calloc */
void *fits_recalloc(void *ptr, size_t old_num, size_t new_num, size_t size);

/* end of the entire "ifndef _FITSIO2_H" block */
#endif
cfitsio-4.3.1/imcopy.c0000644000225700000360000002223013472024437014116 0ustar  cagordonlhea#include 
#include 
#include 
#include "fitsio.h"

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    fitsfile *infptr, *outfptr;   /* FITS file pointers defined in fitsio.h */
    int status = 0, tstatus, ii = 1, iteration = 0, single = 0, hdupos;
    int hdutype, bitpix, bytepix, naxis = 0, nkeys, datatype = 0, anynul;
    long naxes[9] = {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1};
    long first, totpix = 0, npix;
    double *array, bscale = 1.0, bzero = 0.0, nulval = 0.;
    char card[81];

    if (argc != 3)
    {
 printf("\n");
 printf("Usage:  imcopy inputImage outputImage[compress]\n");
 printf("\n");
 printf("Copy an input image to an output image, optionally compressing\n");
 printf("or uncompressing the image in the process.  If the [compress]\n");
 printf("qualifier is appended to the output file name then the input image\n");
 printf("will be compressed using the tile-compressed format.  In this format,\n");
 printf("the image is divided into rectangular tiles and each tile of pixels\n");
 printf("is compressed and stored in a variable-length row of a binary table.\n");
 printf("If the [compress] qualifier is omitted, and the input image is\n");
 printf("in tile-compressed format, then the output image will be uncompressed.\n");
 printf("\n");
 printf("If an extension name or number is appended to the input file name, \n");
 printf("enclosed in square brackets, then only that single extension will be\n");
 printf("copied to the output file.  Otherwise, every extension in the input file\n");
 printf("will be processed in turn and copied to the output file.\n");
 printf("\n");
 printf("Examples:\n");
 printf("\n");
 printf("1)  imcopy image.fit 'cimage.fit[compress]'\n");
 printf("\n");
 printf("    This compresses the input image using the default parameters, i.e.,\n");
 printf("    using the Rice compression algorithm and using row by row tiles.\n");
 printf("\n");
 printf("2)  imcopy cimage.fit image2.fit\n");
 printf("\n");
 printf("    This uncompresses the image created in the first example.\n");
 printf("    image2.fit should be identical to image.fit if the image\n");
 printf("    has an integer datatype.  There will be small differences\n");
 printf("    in the pixel values if it is a floating point image.\n");
 printf("\n");
 printf("3)  imcopy image.fit 'cimage.fit[compress GZIP 100,100;q 16]'\n");
 printf("\n");
 printf("    This compresses the input image using the following parameters:\n");
 printf("         GZIP compression algorithm;\n");
 printf("         100 X 100 pixel compression tiles;\n");
 printf("         quantization level = 16 (only used with floating point images)\n");
 printf("\n");
 printf("The full syntax of the compression qualifier is:\n");
 printf("    [compress ALGORITHM TDIM1,TDIM2,...; q QLEVEL s SCALE]\n");
 printf("where the allowed ALGORITHM values are:\n");
 printf("      Rice, HCOMPRESS, HSCOMPRESS, GZIP, or PLIO. \n");
 printf("       (HSCOMPRESS is a variant of HCOMPRESS in which a small\n");
 printf("        amount of smoothing is applied to the uncompressed image\n");
 printf("        to help suppress blocky compression artifacts in the image\n");
 printf("        when using large values for the 'scale' parameter).\n");
 printf("TDIMn is the size of the compression tile in each dimension,\n");
 printf("\n");
 printf("QLEVEL specifies the quantization level when converting a floating\n");
 printf("point image into integers, prior to compressing the image.  The\n");
 printf("default value = 16, which means the image will be quantized into\n");
 printf("integer levels that are spaced at intervals of sigma/16., where \n");
 printf("sigma is the estimated noise level in background areas of the image.\n");
 printf("If QLEVEL is negative, this means use the absolute value for the\n");
 printf("quantization spacing (e.g. 'q -0.005' means quantize the floating\n");
 printf("point image such that the scaled integers represent steps of 0.005\n");
 printf("in the original image).\n");
 printf("\n");
 printf("SCALE is the integer scale factor that only applies to the HCOMPRESS\n");
 printf("algorithm.  The default value SCALE = 0 forces the image to be\n");
 printf("losslessly compressed; Greater amounts of lossy compression (resulting\n");
 printf("in smaller compressed files) can be specified with larger SCALE values.\n");
 printf("\n");
 printf("\n");
 printf("Note that it may be necessary to enclose the file names\n");
 printf("in single quote characters on the Unix command line.\n");
      return(0);
    }

    /* Open the input file and create output file */
    fits_open_file(&infptr, argv[1], READONLY, &status);
    fits_create_file(&outfptr, argv[2], &status);

    if (status != 0) {    
        fits_report_error(stderr, status);
        return(status);
    }

    fits_get_hdu_num(infptr, &hdupos);  /* Get the current HDU position */

    /* Copy only a single HDU if a specific extension was given */ 
    if (hdupos != 1 || strchr(argv[1], '[')) single = 1;

    for (; !status; hdupos++)  /* Main loop through each extension */
    {

      fits_get_hdu_type(infptr, &hdutype, &status);

      if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) {

          /* get image dimensions and total number of pixels in image */
          for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++)
              naxes[ii] = 1;

          fits_get_img_param(infptr, 9, &bitpix, &naxis, naxes, &status);

          totpix = naxes[0] * naxes[1] * naxes[2] * naxes[3] * naxes[4]
             * naxes[5] * naxes[6] * naxes[7] * naxes[8];
      }

      if (hdutype != IMAGE_HDU || naxis == 0 || totpix == 0) { 

          /* just copy tables and null images */
          fits_copy_hdu(infptr, outfptr, 0, &status);

      } else {

          /* Explicitly create new image, to support compression */
          fits_create_img(outfptr, bitpix, naxis, naxes, &status);
          if (status) {
                 fits_report_error(stderr, status);
                 return(status);
          }

          if (fits_is_compressed_image(outfptr, &status)) {
              /* write default EXTNAME keyword if it doesn't already exist */
	      tstatus = 0;
              fits_read_card(infptr, "EXTNAME", card, &tstatus);
	      if (tstatus) {
	         strcpy(card, "EXTNAME = 'COMPRESSED_IMAGE'   / name of this binary table extension");
	         fits_write_record(outfptr, card, &status);
	      }
          }
	  	    
          /* copy all the user keywords (not the structural keywords) */
          fits_get_hdrspace(infptr, &nkeys, NULL, &status); 

          for (ii = 1; ii <= nkeys; ii++) {
              fits_read_record(infptr, ii, card, &status);
              if (fits_get_keyclass(card) > TYP_CMPRS_KEY)
                  fits_write_record(outfptr, card, &status);
          }

              /* delete default EXTNAME keyword if it exists */
/*
          if (!fits_is_compressed_image(outfptr, &status)) {
	      tstatus = 0;
              fits_read_key(outfptr, TSTRING, "EXTNAME", card, NULL, &tstatus);
	      if (!tstatus) {
	         if (strcmp(card, "COMPRESSED_IMAGE") == 0)
	            fits_delete_key(outfptr, "EXTNAME", &status);
	      }
          }
*/
	  
          switch(bitpix) {
              case BYTE_IMG:
                  datatype = TBYTE;
                  break;
              case SHORT_IMG:
                  datatype = TSHORT;
                  break;
              case LONG_IMG:
                  datatype = TINT;
                  break;
              case FLOAT_IMG:
                  datatype = TFLOAT;
                  break;
              case DOUBLE_IMG:
                  datatype = TDOUBLE;
                  break;
          }

          bytepix = abs(bitpix) / 8;

          npix = totpix;
          iteration = 0;

          /* try to allocate memory for the entire image */
          /* use double type to force memory alignment */
          array = (double *) calloc(npix, bytepix);

          /* if allocation failed, divide size by 2 and try again */
          while (!array && iteration < 10)  {
              iteration++;
              npix = npix / 2;
              array = (double *) calloc(npix, bytepix);
          }

          if (!array)  {
              printf("Memory allocation error\n");
              return(0);
          }

          /* turn off any scaling so that we copy the raw pixel values */
          fits_set_bscale(infptr,  bscale, bzero, &status);
          fits_set_bscale(outfptr, bscale, bzero, &status);

          first = 1;
          while (totpix > 0 && !status)
          {
             /* read all or part of image then write it back to the output file */
             fits_read_img(infptr, datatype, first, npix, 
                     &nulval, array, &anynul, &status);

             fits_write_img(outfptr, datatype, first, npix, array, &status);
             totpix = totpix - npix;
             first  = first  + npix;
          }
          free(array);
      }

      if (single) break;  /* quit if only copying a single HDU */
      fits_movrel_hdu(infptr, 1, NULL, &status);  /* try to move to next HDU */
    }

    if (status == END_OF_FILE)  status = 0; /* Reset after normal error */

    fits_close_file(outfptr,  &status);
    fits_close_file(infptr, &status);

    /* if error occurred, print out error message */
    if (status)
       fits_report_error(stderr, status);
    return(status);
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/editcol.c0000644000225700000360000033203214335036354014245 0ustar  cagordonlhea/*  This file, editcol.c, contains the set of FITSIO routines that    */
/*  insert or delete rows or columns in a table or resize an image    */

/*  The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy    */
/*  Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA      */
/*  Goddard Space Flight Center.                                           */

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include "fitsio2.h"
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffrsim(fitsfile *fptr,      /* I - FITS file pointer           */
           int bitpix,          /* I - bits per pixel              */
           int naxis,           /* I - number of axes in the array */
           long *naxes,         /* I - size of each axis           */
           int *status)         /* IO - error status               */
/*
   resize an existing primary array or IMAGE extension.
*/
{
    LONGLONG tnaxes[99];
    int ii;
    
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    for (ii = 0; (ii < naxis) && (ii < 99); ii++)
        tnaxes[ii] = naxes[ii];

    ffrsimll(fptr, bitpix, naxis, tnaxes, status);

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffrsimll(fitsfile *fptr,    /* I - FITS file pointer           */
           int bitpix,          /* I - bits per pixel              */
           int naxis,           /* I - number of axes in the array */
           LONGLONG *naxes,     /* I - size of each axis           */
           int *status)         /* IO - error status               */
/*
   resize an existing primary array or IMAGE extension.
*/
{
    int ii, simple, obitpix, onaxis, extend, nmodify;
    long  nblocks, longval;
    long pcount, gcount, longbitpix;
    LONGLONG onaxes[99], newsize, oldsize;
    char comment[FLEN_COMMENT], keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], message[FLEN_ERRMSG];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */
    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
         /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */
    else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0)               
            return(*status);

    /* get current image size parameters */
    if (ffghprll(fptr, 99, &simple, &obitpix, &onaxis, onaxes, &pcount,
               &gcount, &extend, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    longbitpix = bitpix;

    /* test for the 4 special cases that represent unsigned integers 
       or signed bytes */
    if (longbitpix == USHORT_IMG)
        longbitpix = SHORT_IMG;
    else if (longbitpix == ULONG_IMG)
        longbitpix = LONG_IMG;
    else if (longbitpix == SBYTE_IMG)
        longbitpix = BYTE_IMG;
    else if (longbitpix == ULONGLONG_IMG)
        longbitpix = LONGLONG_IMG;

    /* test that the new values are legal */

    if (longbitpix != BYTE_IMG && longbitpix != SHORT_IMG && 
        longbitpix != LONG_IMG && longbitpix != LONGLONG_IMG &&
        longbitpix != FLOAT_IMG && longbitpix != DOUBLE_IMG)
    {
        snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
        "Illegal value for BITPIX keyword: %d", bitpix);
        ffpmsg(message);
        return(*status = BAD_BITPIX);
    }

    if (naxis < 0 || naxis > 999)
    {
        snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
        "Illegal value for NAXIS keyword: %d", naxis);
        ffpmsg(message);
        return(*status = BAD_NAXIS);
    }

    if (naxis == 0)
        newsize = 0;
    else
        newsize = 1;

    for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++)
    {
        if (naxes[ii] < 0)
        {
            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
            "Illegal value for NAXIS%d keyword: %.0f", ii + 1,  (double) (naxes[ii]));
            ffpmsg(message);
            return(*status = BAD_NAXES);
        }

        newsize *= naxes[ii];  /* compute new image size, in pixels */
    }

    /* compute size of old image, in bytes */

    if (onaxis == 0)
        oldsize = 0;
    else
    {
        oldsize = 1;
        for (ii = 0; ii < onaxis; ii++)
            oldsize *= onaxes[ii];  
        oldsize = (oldsize + pcount) * gcount * (abs(obitpix) / 8);
    }

    oldsize = (oldsize + 2879) / 2880; /* old size, in blocks */

    newsize = (newsize + pcount) * gcount * (labs(longbitpix) / 8);
    newsize = (newsize + 2879) / 2880; /* new size, in blocks */

    if (newsize > oldsize)   /* have to insert new blocks for image */
    {
        nblocks = (long) (newsize - oldsize);
        if (ffiblk(fptr, nblocks, 1, status) > 0)  
            return(*status);
    }
    else if (oldsize > newsize)  /* have to delete blocks from image */
    {
        nblocks = (long) (oldsize - newsize);
        if (ffdblk(fptr, nblocks, status) > 0)  
            return(*status);
    }

    /* now update the header keywords */

    strcpy(comment,"&");  /* special value to leave comments unchanged */

    if (longbitpix != obitpix)
    {                         /* update BITPIX value */
        ffmkyj(fptr, "BITPIX", longbitpix, comment, status);
    }

    if (naxis != onaxis)
    {                        /* update NAXIS value */
        longval = naxis;
        ffmkyj(fptr, "NAXIS", longval, comment, status);
    }

    /* modify the existing NAXISn keywords */
    nmodify = minvalue(naxis, onaxis); 
    for (ii = 0; ii < nmodify; ii++)
    {
        ffkeyn("NAXIS", ii+1, keyname, status);
        ffmkyj(fptr, keyname, naxes[ii], comment, status);
    }

    if (naxis > onaxis)  /* insert additional NAXISn keywords */
    {
        strcpy(comment,"length of data axis");  
        for (ii = onaxis; ii < naxis; ii++)
        {
            ffkeyn("NAXIS", ii+1, keyname, status);
            ffikyj(fptr, keyname, naxes[ii], comment, status);
        }
    }
    else if (onaxis > naxis) /* delete old NAXISn keywords */
    {
        for (ii = naxis; ii < onaxis; ii++)
        {
            ffkeyn("NAXIS", ii+1, keyname, status);
            ffdkey(fptr, keyname, status);
        }
    }

    /* Update the BSCALE and BZERO keywords, if an unsigned integer image
       or a signed byte image.  */
    if (bitpix == USHORT_IMG)
    {
        strcpy(comment, "offset data range to that of unsigned short");
        ffukyg(fptr, "BZERO", 32768., 0, comment, status);
        strcpy(comment, "default scaling factor");
        ffukyg(fptr, "BSCALE", 1.0, 0, comment, status);
    }
    else if (bitpix == ULONG_IMG)
    {
        strcpy(comment, "offset data range to that of unsigned long");
        ffukyg(fptr, "BZERO", 2147483648., 0, comment, status);
        strcpy(comment, "default scaling factor");
        ffukyg(fptr, "BSCALE", 1.0, 0, comment, status);
    }
    else if (bitpix == ULONGLONG_IMG)
    {
        strcpy(comment, "offset data range to that of unsigned long long");
        ffukyg(fptr, "BZERO", 9223372036854775808., 0, comment, status);
        strcpy(comment, "default scaling factor");
        ffukyg(fptr, "BSCALE", 1.0, 0, comment, status);
    }
    else if (bitpix == SBYTE_IMG)
    {
        strcpy(comment, "offset data range to that of signed byte");
        ffukyg(fptr, "BZERO", -128., 0, comment, status);
        strcpy(comment, "default scaling factor");
        ffukyg(fptr, "BSCALE", 1.0, 0, comment, status);
    }

    /* re-read the header, to make sure structures are updated */
    ffrdef(fptr, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffirow(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           LONGLONG firstrow,   /* I - insert space AFTER this row              */
                            /*     0 = insert space at beginning of table   */
           LONGLONG nrows,      /* I - number of rows to insert                 */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
 insert NROWS blank rows immediated after row firstrow (1 = first row).
 Set firstrow = 0 to insert space at the beginning of the table.
*/
{
    int tstatus;
    LONGLONG naxis1, naxis2;
    LONGLONG datasize, firstbyte, nshift, nbytes;
    LONGLONG freespace;
    long nblock;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

        /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */
    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
         /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */
    else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0)               
            return(*status);

    if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
        ffpmsg("Can only add rows to TABLE or BINTABLE extension (ffirow)");
        return(*status = NOT_TABLE);
    }

    if (nrows < 0 )
        return(*status = NEG_BYTES);
    else if (nrows == 0)
        return(*status);   /* no op, so just return */

    /* get the current size of the table */
    /* use internal structure since NAXIS2 keyword may not be up to date */
    naxis1 = (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength;
    naxis2 = (fptr->Fptr)->numrows;

    if (firstrow > naxis2)
    {
        ffpmsg(
   "Insert position greater than the number of rows in the table (ffirow)");
        return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM);
    }
    else if (firstrow < 0)
    {
        ffpmsg("Insert position is less than 0 (ffirow)");
        return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM);
    }

    /* current data size */
    datasize = (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize;
    freespace = ( ( (datasize + 2879) / 2880) * 2880) - datasize;
    nshift = naxis1 * nrows;          /* no. of bytes to add to table */

    if ( (freespace - nshift) < 0)   /* not enough existing space? */
    {
        nblock = (long) ((nshift - freespace + 2879) / 2880);   /* number of blocks */
        ffiblk(fptr, nblock, 1, status);               /* insert the blocks */
    }

    firstbyte = naxis1 * firstrow;    /* relative insert position */
    nbytes = datasize - firstbyte;           /* no. of bytes to shift down */
    firstbyte += ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart);  /* absolute insert position */

    ffshft(fptr, firstbyte, nbytes, nshift, status); /* shift rows and heap */

    /* update the heap starting address */
    (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart += nshift;

    /* update the THEAP keyword if it exists */
    tstatus = 0;
    ffmkyj(fptr, "THEAP", (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart, "&", &tstatus);

    /* update the NAXIS2 keyword */
    ffmkyj(fptr, "NAXIS2", naxis2 + nrows, "&", status);
    ((fptr->Fptr)->numrows) += nrows;
    ((fptr->Fptr)->origrows) += nrows;

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffdrow(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           LONGLONG firstrow,   /* I - first row to delete (1 = first)          */
           LONGLONG nrows,      /* I - number of rows to delete                 */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
 delete NROWS rows from table starting with firstrow (1 = first row of table).
*/
{
    int tstatus;
    LONGLONG naxis1, naxis2;
    LONGLONG datasize, firstbyte, nbytes, nshift;
    LONGLONG freespace;
    long nblock;
    char comm[FLEN_COMMENT];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
        /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */
    else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0)               
            return(*status);

    if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
        ffpmsg("Can only delete rows in TABLE or BINTABLE extension (ffdrow)");
        return(*status = NOT_TABLE);
    }

    if (nrows < 0 )
        return(*status = NEG_BYTES);
    else if (nrows == 0)
        return(*status);   /* no op, so just return */

    ffgkyjj(fptr, "NAXIS1", &naxis1, comm, status); /* get the current   */

   /* ffgkyj(fptr, "NAXIS2", &naxis2, comm, status);*/ /* size of the table */

    /* the NAXIS2 keyword may not be up to date, so use the structure value */
    naxis2 = (fptr->Fptr)->numrows;

    if (firstrow > naxis2)
    {
        ffpmsg(
   "Delete position greater than the number of rows in the table (ffdrow)");
        return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM);
    }
    else if (firstrow < 1)
    {
        ffpmsg("Delete position is less than 1 (ffdrow)");
        return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM);
    }
    else if (firstrow + nrows - 1 > naxis2)
    {
        ffpmsg("No. of rows to delete exceeds size of table (ffdrow)");
        return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM);
    }

    nshift = naxis1 * nrows;   /* no. of bytes to delete from table */
    /* cur size of data */
    datasize = (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize;

    firstbyte = naxis1 * (firstrow + nrows - 1); /* relative del pos */
    nbytes = datasize - firstbyte;    /* no. of bytes to shift up */
    firstbyte += ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart);   /* absolute delete position */

    ffshft(fptr, firstbyte, nbytes,  nshift * (-1), status); /* shift data */

    freespace = ( ( (datasize + 2879) / 2880) * 2880) - datasize;
    nblock = (long) ((nshift + freespace) / 2880);   /* number of blocks */

    /* delete integral number blocks */
    if (nblock > 0) 
        ffdblk(fptr, nblock, status);

    /* update the heap starting address */
    (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart -= nshift;

    /* update the THEAP keyword if it exists */
    tstatus = 0;
    ffmkyj(fptr, "THEAP", (long)(fptr->Fptr)->heapstart, "&", &tstatus);

    /* update the NAXIS2 keyword */
    ffmkyj(fptr, "NAXIS2", naxis2 - nrows, "&", status);
    ((fptr->Fptr)->numrows) -= nrows;
    ((fptr->Fptr)->origrows) -= nrows;

    /* Update the heap data, if any.  This will remove any orphaned data */
    /* that was only pointed to by the rows that have been deleted */
    ffcmph(fptr, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffdrrg(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer to table               */
           char *ranges,    /* I - ranges of rows to delete (1 = first)     */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
 delete the ranges of rows from the table (1 = first row of table).

The 'ranges' parameter typically looks like:
    '10-20, 30 - 40, 55' or '50-'
and gives a list of rows or row ranges separated by commas.
*/
{
    char *cptr;
    int nranges, nranges2, ii;
    long *minrow, *maxrow, nrows, *rowarray, jj, kk;
    LONGLONG naxis2;
    
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
        /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */
    else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0)               
            return(*status);

    if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
        ffpmsg("Can only delete rows in TABLE or BINTABLE extension (ffdrrg)");
        return(*status = NOT_TABLE);
    }

    /* the NAXIS2 keyword may not be up to date, so use the structure value */
    naxis2 = (fptr->Fptr)->numrows;

    /* find how many ranges were specified ( = no. of commas in string + 1) */
    cptr = ranges;
    for (nranges = 1; (cptr = strchr(cptr, ',')); nranges++)
        cptr++;
 
    minrow = calloc(nranges, sizeof(long));
    maxrow = calloc(nranges, sizeof(long));

    if (!minrow || !maxrow) {
        *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
        ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for row ranges (ffdrrg)");
        if (maxrow) free(maxrow);
        if (minrow) free(minrow);
        return(*status);
    }

    /* parse range list into array of range min and max values */
    ffrwrg(ranges, naxis2, nranges, &nranges2, minrow, maxrow, status);
    if (*status > 0 || nranges2 == 0) {
        free(maxrow);
        free(minrow);
        return(*status);
    }

    /* determine total number or rows to delete */
    nrows = 0;
    for (ii = 0; ii < nranges2; ii++) {
       nrows = nrows + maxrow[ii] - minrow[ii] + 1;
    }

    rowarray = calloc(nrows, sizeof(long));
    if (!rowarray) {
        *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
        ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for row array (ffdrrg)");
        return(*status);
    }

    for (kk = 0, ii = 0; ii < nranges2; ii++) {
       for (jj = minrow[ii]; jj <= maxrow[ii]; jj++) {
           rowarray[kk] = jj;
           kk++;
       }
    }

    /* delete the rows */
    ffdrws(fptr, rowarray, nrows, status);
    
    free(rowarray);
    free(maxrow);
    free(minrow);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffdrws(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           long *rownum,    /* I - list of rows to delete (1 = first)       */
           long nrows,      /* I - number of rows to delete                 */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
 delete the list of rows from the table (1 = first row of table).
*/
{
    LONGLONG naxis1, naxis2, insertpos, nextrowpos;
    long ii, nextrow;
    char comm[FLEN_COMMENT];
    unsigned char *buffer;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);

    /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */
    if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0)               
            return(*status);

    if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
        ffpmsg("Can only delete rows in TABLE or BINTABLE extension (ffdrws)");
        return(*status = NOT_TABLE);
    }

    if (nrows < 0 )
        return(*status = NEG_BYTES);
    else if (nrows == 0)
        return(*status);   /* no op, so just return */

    ffgkyjj(fptr, "NAXIS1", &naxis1, comm, status); /* row width   */
    ffgkyjj(fptr, "NAXIS2", &naxis2, comm, status); /* number of rows */

    /* check that input row list is in ascending order */
    for (ii = 1; ii < nrows; ii++)
    {
        if (rownum[ii - 1] >= rownum[ii])
        {
            ffpmsg("row numbers are not in increasing order (ffdrws)");
            return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM);
        }
    }

    if (rownum[0] < 1)
    {
        ffpmsg("first row to delete is less than 1 (ffdrws)");
        return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM);
    }
    else if (rownum[nrows - 1] > naxis2)
    {
        ffpmsg("last row to delete exceeds size of table (ffdrws)");
        return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM);
    }

    buffer = (unsigned char *) malloc( (size_t) naxis1);  /* buffer for one row */

    if (!buffer)
    {
        ffpmsg("malloc failed (ffdrws)");
        return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION);
    }

    /* byte location to start of first row to delete, and the next row */
    insertpos = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + ((rownum[0] - 1) * naxis1);
    nextrowpos = insertpos + naxis1;
    nextrow = rownum[0] + 1;

    /* work through the list of rows to delete */
    for (ii = 1; ii < nrows; nextrow++, nextrowpos += naxis1)
    {
        if (nextrow < rownum[ii])  
        {   /* keep this row, so copy it to the new position */

            ffmbyt(fptr, nextrowpos, REPORT_EOF, status);
            ffgbyt(fptr, naxis1, buffer, status);  /* read the bytes */

            ffmbyt(fptr, insertpos, IGNORE_EOF, status);
            ffpbyt(fptr, naxis1, buffer, status);  /* write the bytes */

            if (*status > 0)
            {
                ffpmsg("error while copying good rows in table (ffdrws)");
                free(buffer);
                return(*status);
            }
            insertpos += naxis1;
        }
        else
        {   /* skip over this row since it is in the list */
            ii++;
        }
    }

    /* finished with all the rows to delete; copy remaining rows */
    while(nextrow <= naxis2)
    {
        ffmbyt(fptr, nextrowpos, REPORT_EOF, status);
        ffgbyt(fptr, naxis1, buffer, status);  /* read the bytes */

        ffmbyt(fptr, insertpos, IGNORE_EOF, status);
        ffpbyt(fptr, naxis1, buffer, status);  /* write the bytes */

        if (*status > 0)
        {
            ffpmsg("failed to copy remaining rows in table (ffdrws)");
            free(buffer);
            return(*status);
        }
        insertpos  += naxis1;
        nextrowpos += naxis1;
        nextrow++; 
    }
    free(buffer);
    
    /* now delete the empty rows at the end of the table */
    ffdrow(fptr, naxis2 - nrows + 1, nrows, status);

    /* Update the heap data, if any.  This will remove any orphaned data */
    /* that was only pointed to by the rows that have been deleted */
    ffcmph(fptr, status);
    
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffdrwsll(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           LONGLONG *rownum, /* I - list of rows to delete (1 = first)       */
           LONGLONG nrows,  /* I - number of rows to delete                 */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
 delete the list of rows from the table (1 = first row of table).
*/
{
    LONGLONG insertpos, nextrowpos;
    LONGLONG naxis1, naxis2, ii, nextrow;
    char comm[FLEN_COMMENT];
    unsigned char *buffer;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);

    /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */
    if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0)               
            return(*status);

    if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
        ffpmsg("Can only delete rows in TABLE or BINTABLE extension (ffdrws)");
        return(*status = NOT_TABLE);
    }

    if (nrows < 0 )
        return(*status = NEG_BYTES);
    else if (nrows == 0)
        return(*status);   /* no op, so just return */

    ffgkyjj(fptr, "NAXIS1", &naxis1, comm, status); /* row width   */
    ffgkyjj(fptr, "NAXIS2", &naxis2, comm, status); /* number of rows */

    /* check that input row list is in ascending order */
    for (ii = 1; ii < nrows; ii++)
    {
        if (rownum[ii - 1] >= rownum[ii])
        {
            ffpmsg("row numbers are not in increasing order (ffdrws)");
            return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM);
        }
    }

    if (rownum[0] < 1)
    {
        ffpmsg("first row to delete is less than 1 (ffdrws)");
        return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM);
    }
    else if (rownum[nrows - 1] > naxis2)
    {
        ffpmsg("last row to delete exceeds size of table (ffdrws)");
        return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM);
    }

    buffer = (unsigned char *) malloc( (size_t) naxis1);  /* buffer for one row */

    if (!buffer)
    {
        ffpmsg("malloc failed (ffdrwsll)");
        return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION);
    }

    /* byte location to start of first row to delete, and the next row */
    insertpos = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + ((rownum[0] - 1) * naxis1);
    nextrowpos = insertpos + naxis1;
    nextrow = rownum[0] + 1;

    /* work through the list of rows to delete */
    for (ii = 1; ii < nrows; nextrow++, nextrowpos += naxis1)
    {
        if (nextrow < rownum[ii])  
        {   /* keep this row, so copy it to the new position */

            ffmbyt(fptr, nextrowpos, REPORT_EOF, status);
            ffgbyt(fptr, naxis1, buffer, status);  /* read the bytes */

            ffmbyt(fptr, insertpos, IGNORE_EOF, status);
            ffpbyt(fptr, naxis1, buffer, status);  /* write the bytes */

            if (*status > 0)
            {
                ffpmsg("error while copying good rows in table (ffdrws)");
                free(buffer);
                return(*status);
            }
            insertpos += naxis1;
        }
        else
        {   /* skip over this row since it is in the list */
            ii++;
        }
    }

    /* finished with all the rows to delete; copy remaining rows */
    while(nextrow <= naxis2)
    {
        ffmbyt(fptr, nextrowpos, REPORT_EOF, status);
        ffgbyt(fptr, naxis1, buffer, status);  /* read the bytes */

        ffmbyt(fptr, insertpos, IGNORE_EOF, status);
        ffpbyt(fptr, naxis1, buffer, status);  /* write the bytes */

        if (*status > 0)
        {
            ffpmsg("failed to copy remaining rows in table (ffdrws)");
            free(buffer);
            return(*status);
        }
        insertpos  += naxis1;
        nextrowpos += naxis1;
        nextrow++; 
    }
    free(buffer);
    
    /* now delete the empty rows at the end of the table */
    ffdrow(fptr, naxis2 - nrows + 1, nrows, status);

    /* Update the heap data, if any.  This will remove any orphaned data */
    /* that was only pointed to by the rows that have been deleted */
    ffcmph(fptr, status);
    
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffrwrg(
      char *rowlist,      /* I - list of rows and row ranges */
      LONGLONG maxrows,       /* I - number of rows in the table */
      int maxranges,     /* I - max number of ranges to be returned */
      int *numranges,    /* O - number ranges returned */
      long *minrow,       /* O - first row in each range */
      long *maxrow,       /* O - last row in each range */
      int *status)        /* IO - status value */
{
/*
   parse the input list of row ranges, returning the number of ranges,
   and the min and max row value in each range. 

   The only characters allowed in the input rowlist are 
       decimal digits, minus sign, and comma (and non-significant spaces) 

   Example:  

     list = "10-20, 30-35,50"

   would return numranges = 3, minrow[] = {10, 30, 50}, maxrow[] = {20, 35, 50}

   error is returned if min value of range is > max value of range or if the
   ranges are not monotonically increasing.
*/
    char *next;
    long minval, maxval;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (maxrows <= 0 ) {
        *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
        ffpmsg("Input maximum range value is <= 0 (fits_parse_ranges)");
        return(*status);
    }

    next = rowlist;
    *numranges = 0;

    while (*next == ' ')next++;   /* skip spaces */
   
    while (*next != '\0') {

      /* find min value of next range; *next must be '-' or a digit */
      if (*next == '-') {
          minval = 1;    /* implied minrow value = 1 */
      } else if ( isdigit((int) *next) ) {
          minval = strtol(next, &next, 10);
      } else {
          *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
          ffpmsg("Syntax error in this row range list:");
          ffpmsg(rowlist);
          return(*status);
      }

      while (*next == ' ')next++;   /* skip spaces */

      /* find max value of next range; *next must be '-', or ',' */
      if (*next == '-') {
          next++;
          while (*next == ' ')next++;   /* skip spaces */

          if ( isdigit((int) *next) ) {
              maxval = strtol(next, &next, 10);
          } else if (*next == ',' || *next == '\0') {
              maxval = (long) maxrows;  /* implied max value */
          } else {
              *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
              ffpmsg("Syntax error in this row range list:");
              ffpmsg(rowlist);
              return(*status);
          }
      } else if (*next == ',' || *next == '\0') {
          maxval = minval;  /* only a single integer in this range */
      } else {
          *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
          ffpmsg("Syntax error in this row range list:");
          ffpmsg(rowlist);
          return(*status);
      }

      if (*numranges + 1 > maxranges) {
          *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
          ffpmsg("Overflowed maximum number of ranges (fits_parse_ranges)");
          return(*status);
      }

      if (minval < 1 ) {
          *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
          ffpmsg("Syntax error in this row range list: row number < 1");
          ffpmsg(rowlist);
          return(*status);
      }

      if (maxval < minval) {
          *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
          ffpmsg("Syntax error in this row range list: min > max");
          ffpmsg(rowlist);
          return(*status);
      }

      if (*numranges > 0) {
          if (minval <= maxrow[(*numranges) - 1]) {
             *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
             ffpmsg("Syntax error in this row range list.  Range minimum is");
             ffpmsg("  less than or equal to previous range maximum");
             ffpmsg(rowlist);
             return(*status);
         }
      }

      if (minval <= maxrows) {   /* ignore range if greater than maxrows */
          if (maxval > maxrows)
              maxval = (long) maxrows;

           minrow[*numranges] = minval;
           maxrow[*numranges] = maxval;

           (*numranges)++;
      }

      while (*next == ' ')next++;   /* skip spaces */
      if (*next == ',') {
           next++;
           while (*next == ' ')next++;   /* skip more spaces */
      }
    }

    if (*numranges == 0) {  /* a null string was entered */
         minrow[0] = 1;
         maxrow[0] = (long) maxrows;
         *numranges = 1;
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffrwrgll(
      char *rowlist,      /* I - list of rows and row ranges */
      LONGLONG maxrows,       /* I - number of rows in the list */
      int maxranges,     /* I - max number of ranges to be returned */
      int *numranges,    /* O - number ranges returned */
      LONGLONG *minrow,       /* O - first row in each range */
      LONGLONG *maxrow,       /* O - last row in each range */
      int *status)        /* IO - status value */
{
/*
   parse the input list of row ranges, returning the number of ranges,
   and the min and max row value in each range. 

   The only characters allowed in the input rowlist are 
       decimal digits, minus sign, and comma (and non-significant spaces) 

   Example:  

     list = "10-20, 30-35,50"

   would return numranges = 3, minrow[] = {10, 30, 50}, maxrow[] = {20, 35, 50}

   error is returned if min value of range is > max value of range or if the
   ranges are not monotonically increasing.
*/
    char *next;
    LONGLONG minval, maxval;
    double dvalue;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (maxrows <= 0 ) {
        *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
        ffpmsg("Input maximum range value is <= 0 (fits_parse_ranges)");
        return(*status);
    }

    next = rowlist;
    *numranges = 0;

    while (*next == ' ')next++;   /* skip spaces */
   
    while (*next != '\0') {

      /* find min value of next range; *next must be '-' or a digit */
      if (*next == '-') {
          minval = 1;    /* implied minrow value = 1 */
      } else if ( isdigit((int) *next) ) {

        /* read as a double, because the string to LONGLONG function */
        /* is platform dependent (strtoll, strtol, _atoI64)          */

          dvalue = strtod(next, &next);
          minval = (LONGLONG) (dvalue + 0.1);

      } else {
          *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
          ffpmsg("Syntax error in this row range list:");
          ffpmsg(rowlist);
          return(*status);
      }

      while (*next == ' ')next++;   /* skip spaces */

      /* find max value of next range; *next must be '-', or ',' */
      if (*next == '-') {
          next++;
          while (*next == ' ')next++;   /* skip spaces */

          if ( isdigit((int) *next) ) {

            /* read as a double, because the string to LONGLONG function */
            /* is platform dependent (strtoll, strtol, _atoI64)          */

              dvalue = strtod(next, &next);
              maxval = (LONGLONG) (dvalue + 0.1);

          } else if (*next == ',' || *next == '\0') {
              maxval = maxrows;  /* implied max value */
          } else {
              *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
              ffpmsg("Syntax error in this row range list:");
              ffpmsg(rowlist);
              return(*status);
          }
      } else if (*next == ',' || *next == '\0') {
          maxval = minval;  /* only a single integer in this range */
      } else {
          *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
          ffpmsg("Syntax error in this row range list:");
          ffpmsg(rowlist);
          return(*status);
      }

      if (*numranges + 1 > maxranges) {
          *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
          ffpmsg("Overflowed maximum number of ranges (fits_parse_ranges)");
          return(*status);
      }

      if (minval < 1 ) {
          *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
          ffpmsg("Syntax error in this row range list: row number < 1");
          ffpmsg(rowlist);
          return(*status);
      }

      if (maxval < minval) {
          *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
          ffpmsg("Syntax error in this row range list: min > max");
          ffpmsg(rowlist);
          return(*status);
      }

      if (*numranges > 0) {
          if (minval <= maxrow[(*numranges) - 1]) {
             *status = RANGE_PARSE_ERROR;
             ffpmsg("Syntax error in this row range list.  Range minimum is");
             ffpmsg("  less than or equal to previous range maximum");
             ffpmsg(rowlist);
             return(*status);
         }
      }

      if (minval <= maxrows) {   /* ignore range if greater than maxrows */
          if (maxval > maxrows)
              maxval = maxrows;

           minrow[*numranges] = minval;
           maxrow[*numranges] = maxval;

           (*numranges)++;
      }

      while (*next == ' ')next++;   /* skip spaces */
      if (*next == ',') {
           next++;
           while (*next == ' ')next++;   /* skip more spaces */
      }
    }

    if (*numranges == 0) {  /* a null string was entered */
         minrow[0] = 1;
         maxrow[0] = maxrows;
         *numranges = 1;
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fficol(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           int numcol,      /* I - position for new col. (1 = 1st)          */
           char *ttype,     /* I - name of column (TTYPE keyword)           */
           char *tform,     /* I - format of column (TFORM keyword)         */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
 Insert a new column into an existing table at position numcol.  If
 numcol is greater than the number of existing columns in the table
 then the new column will be appended as the last column in the table.
*/
{
    char *name, *format;

    name = ttype;
    format = tform;

    fficls(fptr, numcol, 1, &name, &format, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fficls(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           int fstcol,      /* I - position for first new col. (1 = 1st)    */
           int ncols,       /* I - number of columns to insert              */
           char **ttype,    /* I - array of column names(TTYPE keywords)    */
           char **tform,    /* I - array of formats of column (TFORM)       */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
 Insert 1 or more new columns into an existing table at position numcol.  If
 fstcol is greater than the number of existing columns in the table
 then the new column will be appended as the last column in the table.
*/
{
    int colnum, datacode, decims, tfields, tstatus, ii;
    LONGLONG datasize, firstbyte, nbytes, nadd, naxis1, naxis2, freespace;
    LONGLONG tbcol, firstcol, delbyte;
    long nblock, width, repeat;
    char tfm[FLEN_VALUE], keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], comm[FLEN_COMMENT], *cptr;
    char card[FLEN_CARD];
    tcolumn *colptr;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
        /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */
    else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0)               
            return(*status);

    if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
       ffpmsg("Can only add columns to TABLE or BINTABLE extension (fficls)");
       return(*status = NOT_TABLE);
    }

    /*  is the column number valid?  */
    tfields = (fptr->Fptr)->tfield;
    if (fstcol < 1 )
        return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM);
    else if (fstcol > tfields)
        colnum = tfields + 1;   /* append as last column */
    else
        colnum = fstcol;

    /* parse the tform value and calc number of bytes to add to each row */
    delbyte = 0;
    for (ii = 0; ii < ncols; ii++)
    {
        if (strlen(tform[ii]) > FLEN_VALUE-1)
        {
           ffpmsg("Column format string too long (fficls)");
           return (*status=BAD_TFORM);
        }
        strcpy(tfm, tform[ii]);
        ffupch(tfm);         /* make sure format is in upper case */

        if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL)
        {
            ffasfm(tfm, &datacode, &width, &decims, status);
            delbyte += width + 1;  /*  add one space between the columns */
        }
        else
        {
            ffbnfm(tfm, &datacode, &repeat, &width, status);

            if (datacode < 0)  {       /* variable length array column */
	        if (strchr(tfm, 'Q'))
		  delbyte += 16;
		else
                  delbyte += 8;
            } else if (datacode == 1)          /* bit column; round up  */
                delbyte += (repeat + 7) / 8; /* to multiple of 8 bits */
            else if (datacode == 16)  /* ASCII string column */
                delbyte += repeat;
            else                      /* numerical data type */
                delbyte += (datacode / 10) * repeat;
        }
    }

    if (*status > 0) 
        return(*status);

    /* get the current size of the table */
    /* use internal structure since NAXIS2 keyword may not be up to date */
    naxis1 = (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength;
    naxis2 = (fptr->Fptr)->numrows;

    /* current size of data */
    datasize = (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize;
    freespace = ( ( (datasize + 2879) / 2880) * 2880) - datasize;
    nadd = delbyte * naxis2;   /* no. of bytes to add to table */

    if ( (freespace - nadd) < 0)   /* not enough existing space? */
    {
        nblock = (long) ((nadd - freespace + 2879) / 2880);     /* number of blocks  */
        if (ffiblk(fptr, nblock, 1, status) > 0)       /* insert the blocks */
            return(*status);
    }

    /* shift heap down (if it exists) */
    if ((fptr->Fptr)->heapsize > 0)
    {
        nbytes = (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize;    /* no. of bytes to shift down */

        /* absolute heap pos */
        firstbyte = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart;

        if (ffshft(fptr, firstbyte, nbytes, nadd, status) > 0) /* move heap */
            return(*status);
    }

    /* update the heap starting address */
    (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart += nadd;

    /* update the THEAP keyword if it exists */
    tstatus = 0;
    ffmkyj(fptr, "THEAP", (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart, "&", &tstatus);

    /* calculate byte position in the row where to insert the new column */
    if (colnum > tfields)
        firstcol = naxis1;
    else
    {
        colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr;
        colptr += (colnum - 1);
        firstcol = colptr->tbcol;
    }

    /* insert delbyte bytes in every row, at byte position firstcol */
    ffcins(fptr, naxis1, naxis2, delbyte, firstcol, status);

    if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL)
    {
        /* adjust the TBCOL values of the existing columns */
        for(ii = 0; ii < tfields; ii++)
        {
            ffkeyn("TBCOL", ii + 1, keyname, status);
            ffgkyjj(fptr, keyname, &tbcol, comm, status);
            if (tbcol > firstcol)
            {
                tbcol += delbyte;
                ffmkyj(fptr, keyname, tbcol, "&", status);
            }
        }
    }

    /* update the mandatory keywords */
    ffmkyj(fptr, "TFIELDS", tfields + ncols, "&", status);
    ffmkyj(fptr, "NAXIS1", naxis1 + delbyte, "&", status);

    /* increment the index value on any existing column keywords */
    if(colnum <= tfields)
        ffkshf(fptr, colnum, tfields, ncols, status);

    /* add the required keywords for the new columns */
    for (ii = 0; ii < ncols; ii++, colnum++)
    {
        strcpy(comm, "label for field");
        ffkeyn("TTYPE", colnum, keyname, status);
        ffpkys(fptr, keyname, ttype[ii], comm, status);

        strcpy(comm, "format of field");
        strcpy(tfm, tform[ii]);
        ffupch(tfm);         /* make sure format is in upper case */
        ffkeyn("TFORM", colnum, keyname, status);

        if (abs(datacode) == TSBYTE) 
        {
           /* Replace the 'S' with an 'B' in the TFORMn code */
           cptr = tfm;
           while (*cptr != 'S') 
              cptr++;

           *cptr = 'B';
           ffpkys(fptr, keyname, tfm, comm, status);

           /* write the TZEROn and TSCALn keywords */
           ffkeyn("TZERO", colnum, keyname, status);
           strcpy(comm, "offset for signed bytes");

           ffpkyg(fptr, keyname, -128., 0, comm, status);

           ffkeyn("TSCAL", colnum, keyname, status);
           strcpy(comm, "data are not scaled");
           ffpkyg(fptr, keyname, 1., 0, comm, status);
        }
        else if (abs(datacode) == TUSHORT) 
        {
           /* Replace the 'U' with an 'I' in the TFORMn code */
           cptr = tfm;
           while (*cptr != 'U') 
              cptr++;

           *cptr = 'I';
           ffpkys(fptr, keyname, tfm, comm, status);

           /* write the TZEROn and TSCALn keywords */
           ffkeyn("TZERO", colnum, keyname, status);
           strcpy(comm, "offset for unsigned integers");

           ffpkyg(fptr, keyname, 32768., 0, comm, status);

           ffkeyn("TSCAL", colnum, keyname, status);
           strcpy(comm, "data are not scaled");
           ffpkyg(fptr, keyname, 1., 0, comm, status);
        }
        else if (abs(datacode) == TULONG) 
        {
           /* Replace the 'V' with an 'J' in the TFORMn code */
           cptr = tfm;
           while (*cptr != 'V') 
              cptr++;

           *cptr = 'J';
           ffpkys(fptr, keyname, tfm, comm, status);

           /* write the TZEROn and TSCALn keywords */
           ffkeyn("TZERO", colnum, keyname, status);
           strcpy(comm, "offset for unsigned integers");

           ffpkyg(fptr, keyname, 2147483648., 0, comm, status);

           ffkeyn("TSCAL", colnum, keyname, status);
           strcpy(comm, "data are not scaled");
           ffpkyg(fptr, keyname, 1., 0, comm, status);
        }
        else if (abs(datacode) == TULONGLONG) 
        {	   
           /* Replace the 'W' with an 'K' in the TFORMn code */
           cptr = tfm;
           while (*cptr != 'W') 
              cptr++;

           *cptr = 'K';
           ffpkys(fptr, keyname, tfm, comm, status);

           /* write the TZEROn and TSCALn keywords */
           ffkeyn("TZERO", colnum, card, status);
           strcat(card, "     ");  /* make sure name is >= 8 chars long */
           *(card+8) = '\0';
	   strcat(card, "=  9223372036854775808 / offset for unsigned integers");
	   fits_write_record(fptr, card, status);

           ffkeyn("TSCAL", colnum, keyname, status);
           strcpy(comm, "data are not scaled");
           ffpkyg(fptr, keyname, 1., 0, comm, status);
        }
        else
        {
           ffpkys(fptr, keyname, tfm, comm, status);
        }

        if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL)   /* write the TBCOL keyword */
        {
            if (colnum == tfields + 1)
                tbcol = firstcol + 2;  /* allow space between preceding col */
            else
                tbcol = firstcol + 1;

            strcpy(comm, "beginning column of field");
            ffkeyn("TBCOL", colnum, keyname, status);
            ffpkyj(fptr, keyname, tbcol, comm, status);

            /* increment the column starting position for the next column */
            ffasfm(tfm, &datacode, &width, &decims, status);
            firstcol += width + 1;  /*  add one space between the columns */
        }
    }
    ffrdef(fptr, status); /* initialize the new table structure */
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffmvec(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           int colnum,      /* I - position of col to be modified           */
           LONGLONG newveclen,  /* I - new vector length of column (TFORM)       */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
  Modify the vector length of a column in a binary table, larger or smaller.
  E.g., change a column from TFORMn = '1E' to '20E'.
*/
{
    int datacode, tfields, tstatus;
    LONGLONG datasize, size, firstbyte, nbytes, nadd, ndelete;
    LONGLONG naxis1, naxis2, firstcol, freespace;
    LONGLONG width, delbyte, repeat;
    long nblock;
    char tfm[FLEN_VALUE], keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], tcode[2];
    tcolumn *colptr;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
        /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */
    else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0)               
            return(*status);

    if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype != BINARY_TBL)
    {
       ffpmsg(
  "Can only change vector length of a column in BINTABLE extension (ffmvec)");
       return(*status = NOT_TABLE);
    }

    /*  is the column number valid?  */
    tfields = (fptr->Fptr)->tfield;
    if (colnum < 1 || colnum > tfields)
        return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM);

    /* look up the current vector length and element width */

    colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr;
    colptr += (colnum - 1);

    datacode = colptr->tdatatype; /* datatype of the column */
    repeat =  colptr->trepeat;  /* field repeat count  */
    width =  colptr->twidth;   /*  width of a single element in chars */

    if (datacode < 0)
    {
        ffpmsg(
        "Can't modify vector length of variable length column (ffmvec)");
        return(*status = BAD_TFORM);
    }

    if (repeat == newveclen)
        return(*status);  /* column already has the desired vector length */

    if (datacode == TSTRING)
        width = 1;      /* width was equal to width of unit string */

    naxis1 =  (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength;   /* current width of the table */
    naxis2 = (fptr->Fptr)->numrows;

    delbyte = (newveclen - repeat) * width;    /* no. of bytes to insert */
    if (datacode == TBIT)  /* BIT column is a special case */
       delbyte = ((newveclen + 7) / 8) - ((repeat + 7) / 8);

    if (delbyte > 0)  /* insert space for more elements */
    {
      /* current size of data */
      datasize = (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize;
      freespace = ( ( (datasize + 2879) / 2880) * 2880) - datasize;

      nadd = (LONGLONG)delbyte * naxis2;   /* no. of bytes to add to table */

      if ( (freespace - nadd) < 0)   /* not enough existing space? */
      {
        nblock = (long) ((nadd - freespace + 2879) / 2880);    /* number of blocks  */
        if (ffiblk(fptr, nblock, 1, status) > 0)      /* insert the blocks */
          return(*status);
      }

      /* shift heap down (if it exists) */
      if ((fptr->Fptr)->heapsize > 0)
      {
        nbytes = (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize;    /* no. of bytes to shift down */

        /* absolute heap pos */
        firstbyte = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart;

        if (ffshft(fptr, firstbyte, nbytes, nadd, status) > 0) /* move heap */
            return(*status);
      }

      /* update the heap starting address */
      (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart += nadd;

      /* update the THEAP keyword if it exists */
      tstatus = 0;
      ffmkyj(fptr, "THEAP", (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart, "&", &tstatus);

      /* Must reset colptr before using it again.  (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr
         may have been reallocated down in ffbinit via the call to ffiblk above.*/
      colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr;
      colptr += (colnum - 1);

      firstcol = colptr->tbcol + (repeat * width);  /* insert position */

      /* insert delbyte bytes in every row, at byte position firstcol */
      ffcins(fptr, naxis1, naxis2, delbyte, firstcol, status);
    }
    else if (delbyte < 0)
    {
      /* current size of table */
      size = (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize;
      freespace = ((size + 2879) / 2880) * 2880 - size - ((LONGLONG)delbyte * naxis2);
      nblock = (long) (freespace / 2880);   /* number of empty blocks to delete */
      firstcol = colptr->tbcol + (newveclen * width);  /* delete position */

      /* delete elements from the vector */
      ffcdel(fptr, naxis1, naxis2, -delbyte, firstcol, status);
 
      /* abs heap pos */
      firstbyte = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart;
      ndelete = (LONGLONG)delbyte * naxis2; /* size of shift (negative) */

      /* shift heap up (if it exists) */
      if ((fptr->Fptr)->heapsize > 0)
      {
        nbytes = (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize;    /* no. of bytes to shift up */
        if (ffshft(fptr, firstbyte, nbytes, ndelete, status) > 0)
          return(*status);
      }

      /* delete the empty  blocks at the end of the HDU */
      if (nblock > 0)
        ffdblk(fptr, nblock, status);

      /* update the heap starting address */
      (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart += ndelete;  /* ndelete is negative */

      /* update the THEAP keyword if it exists */
      tstatus = 0;
      ffmkyj(fptr, "THEAP", (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart, "&", &tstatus);
    }

    /* construct the new TFORM keyword for the column */
    if (datacode == TBIT)
      strcpy(tcode,"X");
    else if (datacode == TBYTE)
      strcpy(tcode,"B");
    else if (datacode == TLOGICAL)
      strcpy(tcode,"L");
    else if (datacode == TSTRING)
      strcpy(tcode,"A");
    else if (datacode == TSHORT)
      strcpy(tcode,"I");
    else if (datacode == TLONG)
      strcpy(tcode,"J");
    else if (datacode == TLONGLONG)
      strcpy(tcode,"K");
    else if (datacode == TFLOAT)
      strcpy(tcode,"E");
    else if (datacode == TDOUBLE)
      strcpy(tcode,"D");
    else if (datacode == TCOMPLEX)
      strcpy(tcode,"C");
    else if (datacode == TDBLCOMPLEX)
      strcpy(tcode,"M");

    /* write as a double value because the LONGLONG conversion */
    /* character in snprintf is platform dependent ( %lld, %ld, %I64d ) */

    snprintf(tfm,FLEN_VALUE,"%.0f%s",(double) newveclen, tcode); 

    ffkeyn("TFORM", colnum, keyname, status);  /* Keyword name */
    ffmkys(fptr, keyname, tfm, "&", status);   /* modify TFORM keyword */

    ffmkyj(fptr, "NAXIS1", naxis1 + delbyte, "&", status); /* modify NAXIS1 */

    ffrdef(fptr, status); /* reinitialize the new table structure */
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffcpcl(fitsfile *infptr,    /* I - FITS file pointer to input file  */
           fitsfile *outfptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer to output file */
           int incol,           /* I - number of input column   */
           int outcol,          /* I - number for output column  */
           int create_col,      /* I - create new col if TRUE, else overwrite */
           int *status)         /* IO - error status     */
/*
  copy a column from infptr and insert it in the outfptr table.
*/
{
    int tstatus, colnum, typecode, otypecode, etypecode, anynull;
    int inHduType, outHduType;
    long tfields, repeat, orepeat, width, owidth, nrows, outrows;
    long inloop, outloop, maxloop, ndone, ntodo, npixels;
    long firstrow, firstelem, ii;
    char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], ttype[FLEN_VALUE], tform[FLEN_VALUE];
    char ttype_comm[FLEN_COMMENT],tform_comm[FLEN_COMMENT];
    char *lvalues = 0, nullflag, **strarray = 0;
    char nulstr[] = {'\5', '\0'};  /* unique null string value */
    double dnull = 0.l, *dvalues = 0;
    float fnull = 0., *fvalues = 0;
    long long int *jjvalues = 0;
    unsigned long long int *ujjvalues = 0;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (infptr->HDUposition != (infptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(infptr, (infptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
    else if ((infptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        ffrdef(infptr, status);                /* rescan header */
    inHduType = (infptr->Fptr)->hdutype;
    
    if (outfptr->HDUposition != (outfptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(outfptr, (outfptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
    else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        ffrdef(outfptr, status);               /* rescan header */
    outHduType = (outfptr->Fptr)->hdutype;
    
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (inHduType == IMAGE_HDU || outHduType == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
       ffpmsg
       ("Can not copy columns to or from IMAGE HDUs (ffcpcl)");
       return(*status = NOT_TABLE);
    }

    if ( inHduType == BINARY_TBL &&  outHduType == ASCII_TBL)
    {
       ffpmsg
       ("Copying from Binary table to ASCII table is not supported (ffcpcl)");
       return(*status = NOT_BTABLE);
    }

    /* get the datatype and vector repeat length of the column */
    ffgtcl(infptr, incol, &typecode, &repeat, &width, status);
    /* ... and equivalent type code */
    ffeqty(infptr, incol, &etypecode, 0,      0,      status);

    if (typecode < 0)
    {
        ffpmsg("Variable-length columns are not supported (ffcpcl)");
        return(*status = BAD_TFORM);
    }

    if (create_col)    /* insert new column in output table? */
    {
        tstatus = 0;
        ffkeyn("TTYPE", incol, keyname, &tstatus);
        ffgkys(infptr, keyname, ttype, ttype_comm, &tstatus);
        ffkeyn("TFORM", incol, keyname, &tstatus);
    
        if (ffgkys(infptr, keyname, tform, tform_comm, &tstatus) )
        {
          ffpmsg
          ("Could not find TTYPE and TFORM keywords in input table (ffcpcl)");
          return(*status = NO_TFORM);
        }

        if (inHduType == ASCII_TBL && outHduType == BINARY_TBL)
        {
            /* convert from ASCII table to BINARY table format string */
            if (typecode == TSTRING)
                ffnkey(width, "A", tform, status);

            else if (typecode == TLONG)
                strcpy(tform, "1J");

            else if (typecode == TSHORT)
                strcpy(tform, "1I");

            else if (typecode == TFLOAT)
                strcpy(tform,"1E");

            else if (typecode == TDOUBLE)
                strcpy(tform,"1D");
        }

        if (ffgkyj(outfptr, "TFIELDS", &tfields, 0, &tstatus))
        {
           ffpmsg
           ("Could not read TFIELDS keyword in output table (ffcpcl)");
           return(*status = NO_TFIELDS);
        }

        colnum = minvalue((int) tfields + 1, outcol); /* output col. number */

        /* create the empty column */
        if (fficol(outfptr, colnum, ttype, tform, status) > 0)
        {
           ffpmsg
           ("Could not append new column to output file (ffcpcl)");
           return(*status);
        }

        if ((infptr->Fptr == outfptr->Fptr)
           && (infptr->HDUposition == outfptr->HDUposition)
           && (colnum <= incol))  {
	       incol++;  /* the input column has been shifted over */
        }

        /* copy the comment strings from the input file for TTYPE and TFORM */
        tstatus = 0;
        ffkeyn("TTYPE", colnum, keyname, &tstatus);
        ffmcom(outfptr, keyname, ttype_comm, &tstatus);
        ffkeyn("TFORM", colnum, keyname, &tstatus);
        ffmcom(outfptr, keyname, tform_comm, &tstatus);

        /* copy other column-related keywords if they exist */

        ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol, colnum, "TUNIT", status);
        ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol, colnum, "TSCAL", status);
        ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol, colnum, "TZERO", status);
        ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol, colnum, "TDISP", status);
        ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol, colnum, "TLMIN", status);
        ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol, colnum, "TLMAX", status);
        ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol, colnum, "TDIM", status);

        /*  WCS keywords */
        ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol, colnum, "TCTYP", status);
        ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol, colnum, "TCUNI", status);
        ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol, colnum, "TCRVL", status);
        ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol, colnum, "TCRPX", status);
        ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol, colnum, "TCDLT", status);
        ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol, colnum, "TCROT", status);

        if (inHduType == ASCII_TBL && outHduType == BINARY_TBL)
        {
            /* binary tables only have TNULLn keyword for integer columns */
            if (typecode == TLONG || typecode == TSHORT)
            {
                /* check if null string is defined; replace with integer */
                ffkeyn("TNULL", incol, keyname, &tstatus);
                if (ffgkys(infptr, keyname, ttype, 0, &tstatus) <= 0)
                {
                   ffkeyn("TNULL", colnum, keyname, &tstatus);
                   if (typecode == TLONG)
                      ffpkyj(outfptr, keyname, -9999999L, "Null value", status);
                   else
                      ffpkyj(outfptr, keyname, -32768L, "Null value", status);
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol, colnum, "TNULL", status);
        }

        /* rescan header to recognize the new keywords */
        if (ffrdef(outfptr, status) )
            return(*status);
    }
    else
    {
        colnum = outcol;
        /* get the datatype and vector repeat length of the output column */
        ffgtcl(outfptr, outcol, &otypecode, &orepeat, &owidth, status);

        if (orepeat != repeat) {
            ffpmsg("Input and output vector columns must have same length (ffcpcl)");
            return(*status = BAD_TFORM);
        }
    }

    ffgkyj(infptr,  "NAXIS2", &nrows,   0, status);  /* no. of input rows */
    ffgkyj(outfptr, "NAXIS2", &outrows, 0, status);  /* no. of output rows */
    nrows = minvalue(nrows, outrows);

    if (typecode == TBIT)
        repeat = (repeat + 7) / 8;  /* convert from bits to bytes */
    else if (typecode == TSTRING && inHduType == BINARY_TBL)
        repeat = repeat / width;  /* convert from chars to unit strings */

    /* get optimum number of rows to copy at one time */
    ffgrsz(infptr,  &inloop,  status);
    ffgrsz(outfptr, &outloop, status);

    /* adjust optimum number, since 2 tables are open at once */
    maxloop = minvalue(inloop, outloop); /* smallest of the 2 tables */
    maxloop = maxvalue(1, maxloop / 2);  /* at least 1 row */
    maxloop = minvalue(maxloop, nrows);  /* max = nrows to be copied */
    maxloop *= repeat;                   /* mult by no of elements in a row */

    /* allocate memory for arrays */
    if (typecode == TLOGICAL)
    {
       lvalues   = (char *) calloc(maxloop, sizeof(char) );
       if (!lvalues)
       {
         ffpmsg
         ("malloc failed to get memory for logicals (ffcpcl)");
         return(*status = ARRAY_TOO_BIG);
       }
    }
    else if (typecode == TSTRING)
    {
       /* allocate array of pointers */
       strarray = (char **) calloc(maxloop, sizeof(strarray));

       /* allocate space for each string */
       for (ii = 0; ii < maxloop; ii++)
          strarray[ii] = (char *) calloc(width+1, sizeof(char));
    }
    else if (typecode == TCOMPLEX)
    {
       fvalues = (float *) calloc(maxloop * 2, sizeof(float) );
       if (!fvalues)
       {
         ffpmsg
         ("malloc failed to get memory for complex (ffcpcl)");
         return(*status = ARRAY_TOO_BIG);
       }
       fnull = 0.;
    }
    else if (typecode == TDBLCOMPLEX)
    {
       dvalues = (double *) calloc(maxloop * 2, sizeof(double) );
       if (!dvalues)
       {
         ffpmsg
         ("malloc failed to get memory for dbl complex (ffcpcl)");
         return(*status = ARRAY_TOO_BIG);
       }
       dnull = 0.;
    }
    /* These are unsigned long-long ints that are not rescaled to floating point numbers */
    else if (typecode == TLONGLONG && etypecode == TULONGLONG) {

       ujjvalues = (unsigned long long int *) calloc(maxloop, sizeof(unsigned long long int) );
       if (!ujjvalues)
       {
         ffpmsg
         ("malloc failed to get memory for unsigned long long int (ffcpcl)");
         return(*status = ARRAY_TOO_BIG);
       }
    }
    /* These are long-long ints that are not rescaled to floating point numbers */
    else if (typecode == TLONGLONG && etypecode != TDOUBLE) {

       jjvalues = (long long int *) calloc(maxloop, sizeof(long long int) );
       if (!jjvalues)
       {
         ffpmsg
         ("malloc failed to get memory for long long int (ffcpcl)");
         return(*status = ARRAY_TOO_BIG);
       }
    }
    else    /* other numerical datatype; read them all as doubles */
    {
       dvalues = (double *) calloc(maxloop, sizeof(double) );
       if (!dvalues)
       {
         ffpmsg
         ("malloc failed to get memory for doubles (ffcpcl)");
         return(*status = ARRAY_TOO_BIG);
       }
         dnull = -9.99991999E31;  /* use an unlikely value for nulls */
    }

    npixels = nrows * repeat;          /* total no. of pixels to copy */
    ntodo = minvalue(npixels, maxloop);   /* no. to copy per iteration */
    ndone = 0;             /* total no. of pixels that have been copied */

    while (ntodo)      /* iterate through the table */
    {
        firstrow = ndone / repeat + 1;
        firstelem = ndone - ((firstrow - 1) * repeat) + 1;

        /* read from input table */
        if (typecode == TLOGICAL)
            ffgcl(infptr, incol, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, 
                       lvalues, status);
        else if (typecode == TSTRING)
            ffgcvs(infptr, incol, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo,
                       nulstr, strarray, &anynull, status);

        else if (typecode == TCOMPLEX)  
            ffgcvc(infptr, incol, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, fnull, 
                   fvalues, &anynull, status);

        else if (typecode == TDBLCOMPLEX)
            ffgcvm(infptr, incol, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, dnull, 
                   dvalues, &anynull, status);

	/* Neither TULONGLONG nor TLONGLONG does null checking.  Whatever
	   null value is in input table is transferred to output table
	   without checking.  Since the TNULL value was copied, this
	   should preserve null values */
	else if (typecode == TLONGLONG && etypecode == TULONGLONG)
	  ffgcvujj(infptr, incol, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, /*nulval*/ 0,
                   ujjvalues, &anynull, status);

	else if (typecode == TLONGLONG && etypecode != TDOUBLE) 
	  ffgcvjj(infptr, incol, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, /*nulval*/ 0, 
                   jjvalues, &anynull, status);

        else       /* all numerical types */
            ffgcvd(infptr, incol, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, dnull, 
                   dvalues, &anynull, status);

        if (*status > 0)
        {
            ffpmsg("Error reading input copy of column (ffcpcl)");
            break;
        }

        /* write to output table */
        if (typecode == TLOGICAL)
        {
            nullflag = 2;

            ffpcnl(outfptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, 
                       lvalues, nullflag, status);

        }

        else if (typecode == TSTRING)
        {
            if (anynull)
                ffpcns(outfptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo,
                       strarray, nulstr, status);
            else
                ffpcls(outfptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo,
                       strarray, status);
        }

        else if (typecode == TCOMPLEX)  
        {                      /* doesn't support writing nulls */
            ffpclc(outfptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, 
                       fvalues, status);
        }

        else if (typecode == TDBLCOMPLEX)  
        {                      /* doesn't support writing nulls */
            ffpclm(outfptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, 
                       dvalues, status);
        }

	else if (typecode == TLONGLONG && etypecode == TULONGLONG)
	{   /* No null checking because we did none to read */
            ffpclujj(outfptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, 
		     ujjvalues, status);
	}
	else if (typecode == TLONGLONG && etypecode != TDOUBLE) 
	{   /* No null checking because we did none to read */
	    ffpcljj(outfptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, 
		    jjvalues, status);
	}
        else  /* all other numerical types */
        {
            if (anynull)
                ffpcnd(outfptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, 
                       dvalues, dnull, status);
            else
                ffpcld(outfptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, 
                       dvalues, status);
        }

        if (*status > 0)
        {
            ffpmsg("Error writing output copy of column (ffcpcl)");
            break;
        }

        npixels -= ntodo;
        ndone += ntodo;
        ntodo = minvalue(npixels, maxloop);
    }

    /* free the previously allocated memory */
    if (typecode == TLOGICAL)
    {
        free(lvalues);
    }
    else if (typecode == TSTRING)
    {
         for (ii = 0; ii < maxloop; ii++)
             free(strarray[ii]);

         free(strarray);
    }
    if (ujjvalues) free(ujjvalues);
    if (jjvalues)  free(jjvalues);
    if (dvalues)   free(dvalues);

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffccls(fitsfile *infptr,    /* I - FITS file pointer to input file  */
           fitsfile *outfptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer to output file */
           int incol,           /* I - number of first input column   */
           int outcol,          /* I - number for first output column  */
	   int ncols,           /* I - number of columns to copy from input to output */
           int create_col,      /* I - create new col if TRUE, else overwrite */
           int *status)         /* IO - error status     */
/*
  copy multiple columns from infptr and insert them in the outfptr
  table.  Optimized for multiple-column case since it only expands the
  output file once using fits_insert_cols() instead of calling
  fits_insert_col() multiple times.
*/
{
    int tstatus, colnum, typecode, otypecode, anynull;
    int inHduType, outHduType;
    long tfields, repeat, orepeat, width, owidth, nrows, outrows;
    long inloop, outloop, maxloop, ndone, ntodo, npixels;
    long firstrow, firstelem, ii;
    char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], ttype[FLEN_VALUE], tform[FLEN_VALUE];
    char ttype_comm[FLEN_COMMENT],tform_comm[FLEN_COMMENT];
    char *lvalues = 0, nullflag, **strarray = 0;
    char nulstr[] = {'\5', '\0'};  /* unique null string value */
    double dnull = 0.l, *dvalues = 0;
    float fnull = 0., *fvalues = 0;
    int typecodes[1000];
    char *ttypes[1000], *tforms[1000], keyarr[1001][FLEN_CARD];
    int ikey = 0;
    int icol, incol1, outcol1;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    /* Do not allow more than internal array limit to be copied */
    if (ncols > 1000) return (*status = ARRAY_TOO_BIG);

    if (infptr->HDUposition != (infptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(infptr, (infptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
    else if ((infptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        ffrdef(infptr, status);                /* rescan header */
    inHduType = (infptr->Fptr)->hdutype;
    
    if (outfptr->HDUposition != (outfptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(outfptr, (outfptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
    else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        ffrdef(outfptr, status);               /* rescan header */
    outHduType = (outfptr->Fptr)->hdutype;
    
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (inHduType == IMAGE_HDU || outHduType == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
       ffpmsg
       ("Can not copy columns to or from IMAGE HDUs (ffccls)");
       return(*status = NOT_TABLE);
    }

    if ( (inHduType == BINARY_TBL &&  outHduType == ASCII_TBL) ||
	 (inHduType == ASCII_TBL  &&  outHduType == BINARY_TBL) )
    {
       ffpmsg
       ("Copying between Binary and ASCII tables is not supported (ffccls)");
       return(*status = NOT_BTABLE);
    }

    /* Do not allow copying multiple columns in the same HDU because the
       permutations of possible overlapping copies is mind-bending */
    if ((infptr->Fptr == outfptr->Fptr)
	&& (infptr->HDUposition == outfptr->HDUposition))
    {
       ffpmsg
       ("Copying multiple columns in same HDU is not supported (ffccls)");
       return(*status = NOT_BTABLE);
    }

    /* Retrieve the number of columns in output file */
    tstatus=0;
    if (ffgkyj(outfptr, "TFIELDS", &tfields, 0, &tstatus))
    {
      ffpmsg
	("Could not read TFIELDS keyword in output table (ffccls)");
      return(*status = NO_TFIELDS);
    }

    colnum = minvalue((int) tfields + 1, outcol); /* output col. number */

    /* Collect data about input column (type, repeat, etc) */
    for (incol1 = incol, outcol1 = colnum, icol = 0; 
	 icol < ncols; 
	 icol++, incol1++, outcol1++)
    {
      ffgtcl(infptr, incol1, &typecode, &repeat, &width, status);

      if (typecode < 0)
	{
	  ffpmsg("Variable-length columns are not supported (ffccls)");
	  return(*status = BAD_TFORM);
	}

      typecodes[icol] = typecode;

      tstatus = 0;
      ffkeyn("TTYPE", incol1, keyname, &tstatus);
      ffgkys(infptr, keyname, ttype, ttype_comm, &tstatus);

      ffkeyn("TFORM", incol1, keyname, &tstatus);
    
      if (ffgkys(infptr, keyname, tform, tform_comm, &tstatus) )
        {
          ffpmsg
	    ("Could not find TTYPE and TFORM keywords in input table (ffccls)");
          return(*status = NO_TFORM);
        }

      /* If creating columns, we need to save these values */
      if ( create_col ) {
	tforms[icol] = keyarr[ikey++];
	ttypes[icol] = keyarr[ikey++];

	strcpy(tforms[icol], tform);
	strcpy(ttypes[icol], ttype);
      } else {
	/* If not creating columns, then check the datatype and vector
	   repeat length of the output column */
        ffgtcl(outfptr, outcol1, &otypecode, &orepeat, &owidth, status);

        if (orepeat != repeat) {
            ffpmsg("Input and output vector columns must have same length (ffccls)");
            return(*status = BAD_TFORM);
        }
      }
    }

    /* Insert columns into output file and copy all meta-data
       keywords, if requested */
    if (create_col)
    {
        /* create the empty columns */
        if (fficls(outfptr, colnum, ncols, ttypes, tforms, status) > 0)
        {
           ffpmsg
           ("Could not append new columns to output file (ffccls)");
           return(*status);
        }

	/* Copy meta-data strings from input column to output */
	for (incol1 = incol, outcol1 = colnum, icol = 0; 
	     icol < ncols; 
	     icol++, incol1++, outcol1++)
	{
	  /* copy the comment strings from the input file for TTYPE and TFORM */
	  ffkeyn("TTYPE", incol1, keyname, status);
	  ffgkys(infptr, keyname, ttype, ttype_comm, status);
	  ffkeyn("TTYPE", outcol1, keyname, status);
	  ffmcom(outfptr, keyname, ttype_comm, status);
	  
	  ffkeyn("TFORM", incol1, keyname, status);
	  ffgkys(infptr, keyname, tform, tform_comm, status);
	  ffkeyn("TFORM", outcol1, keyname, status);
	  ffmcom(outfptr, keyname, tform_comm, status);
	  
	  /* copy other column-related keywords if they exist */
	  
	  ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol1, outcol1, "TUNIT", status);
	  ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol1, outcol1, "TSCAL", status);
	  ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol1, outcol1, "TZERO", status);
	  ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol1, outcol1, "TDISP", status);
	  ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol1, outcol1, "TLMIN", status);
	  ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol1, outcol1, "TLMAX", status);
	  ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol1, outcol1, "TDIM", status);

	  /*  WCS keywords */
	  ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol1, outcol1, "TCTYP", status);
	  ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol1, outcol1, "TCUNI", status);
	  ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol1, outcol1, "TCRVL", status);
	  ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol1, outcol1, "TCRPX", status);
	  ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol1, outcol1, "TCDLT", status);
	  ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol1, outcol1, "TCROT", status);
	  
	  ffcpky(infptr, outfptr, incol1, outcol1, "TNULL", status);

	}

	/* rescan header to recognize the new keywords */
	if (ffrdef(outfptr, status) )
	  return(*status);
    }
	
    /* Copy columns using standard ffcpcl(); do this in a loop because
       the I/O-intensive column expanding is done */
    for (incol1 = incol, outcol1 = colnum, icol = 0; 
	 icol < ncols; 
	 icol++, incol1++, outcol1++)
    {
      ffcpcl(infptr, outfptr, incol1, outcol1, 0, status);
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffcprw(fitsfile *infptr,    /* I - FITS file pointer to input file  */
           fitsfile *outfptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer to output file */
           LONGLONG firstrow,   /* I - number of first row to copy (1 based)  */
           LONGLONG nrows,      /* I - number of rows to copy  */
           int *status)         /* IO - error status     */
/*
  copy consecutive set of rows from infptr and append it in the outfptr table.
*/
{
    LONGLONG innaxis1, innaxis2, outnaxis1, outnaxis2, ii, jj, icol;
    LONGLONG iVarCol, inPos, outPos, nVarBytes, nVarAllocBytes = 0;
    unsigned char *buffer, *varColBuff=0;
    int nInVarCols=0, nOutVarCols=0, varColDiff=0;
    int *inVarCols=0, *outVarCols=0;
    long nNewBlocks;
    LONGLONG hrepeat=0, hoffset=0;
    tcolumn *colptr=0;
    
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (infptr->HDUposition != (infptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(infptr, (infptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
    else if ((infptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        ffrdef(infptr, status);                /* rescan header */

    if (outfptr->HDUposition != (outfptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(outfptr, (outfptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
    else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        ffrdef(outfptr, status);               /* rescan header */

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if ((infptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU || (outfptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
       ffpmsg
       ("Can not copy rows to or from IMAGE HDUs (ffcprw)");
       return(*status = NOT_TABLE);
    }

    if ( ((infptr->Fptr)->hdutype == BINARY_TBL &&  (outfptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL) ||
         ((infptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL &&  (outfptr->Fptr)->hdutype == BINARY_TBL) )
    {
       ffpmsg
       ("Copying rows between Binary and ASCII tables is not supported (ffcprw)");
       return(*status = NOT_BTABLE);
    }

    ffgkyjj(infptr,  "NAXIS1", &innaxis1,  0, status);  /* width of input rows */
    ffgkyjj(infptr,  "NAXIS2", &innaxis2,  0, status);  /* no. of input rows */
    ffgkyjj(outfptr, "NAXIS1", &outnaxis1, 0, status);  /* width of output rows */
    ffgkyjj(outfptr, "NAXIS2", &outnaxis2, 0, status);  /* no. of output rows */

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (outnaxis1 != innaxis1) {
       ffpmsg
       ("Input and output tables do not have same width (ffcprw)");
       return(*status = BAD_ROW_WIDTH);
    }    

    if (firstrow + nrows - 1 > innaxis2) {
       ffpmsg
       ("Not enough rows in input table to copy (ffcprw)");
       return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM);
    }
    
    if ((infptr->Fptr)->tfield != (outfptr->Fptr)->tfield)
    {
       ffpmsg
       ("Input and output tables do not have same number of columns (ffcprw)");
       return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM);
    }
    
    /* allocate buffer to hold 1 row of data */
    buffer = malloc( (size_t) innaxis1);
    if (!buffer) {
       ffpmsg
       ("Unable to allocate memory (ffcprw)");
       return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION);
    }
 
    inVarCols = malloc(infptr->Fptr->tfield*sizeof(int));
    outVarCols = malloc(outfptr->Fptr->tfield*sizeof(int));
    fffvcl(infptr, &nInVarCols, inVarCols, status);
    fffvcl(outfptr, &nOutVarCols, outVarCols, status);
    if (nInVarCols != nOutVarCols)
       varColDiff=1;
    else
    {
       for (ii=0; iiFptr)->tableptr;
          for (icol=0; icol<(infptr->Fptr)->tfield; ++icol)
          {
             if (iVarCol < nInVarCols && inVarCols[iVarCol] == icol+1)
             {
                /* Copy from a variable length column */
                
                ffgdesll(infptr, icol+1, ii, &hrepeat, &hoffset, status);
                /* If this is a bit column, hrepeat will be number of
                   bits, not bytes. If it is a string column, hrepeat
		   is the number of bytes, twidth is the max col width 
		   and can be ignored.*/
                if (colptr->tdatatype == -TBIT)
		{
		   nVarBytes = (hrepeat+7)/8;
		}
		else if (colptr->tdatatype == -TSTRING)
		{
		   nVarBytes = hrepeat;
		}
		else
		{
		   nVarBytes = hrepeat*colptr->twidth*sizeof(char);
		}
                inPos = (infptr->Fptr)->datastart + (infptr->Fptr)->heapstart
				+ hoffset;
		outPos = (outfptr->Fptr)->datastart + (outfptr->Fptr)->heapstart
				+ (outfptr->Fptr)->heapsize;
                ffmbyt(infptr, inPos, REPORT_EOF, status);
		/* If this is not the last HDU in the file, then check if */
		/* extending the heap would overwrite the following header. */
		/* If so, then have to insert more blocks. */
                if ( !((outfptr->Fptr)->lasthdu) )
                {
		   if (outPos+nVarBytes > 
		      (outfptr->Fptr)->headstart[(outfptr->Fptr)->curhdu+1])
		   {
		      nNewBlocks = (long)(((outPos+nVarBytes - 1 -
                        (outfptr->Fptr)->headstart[(outfptr->Fptr)->
                        curhdu+1]) / 2880) + 1);
                      if (ffiblk(outfptr, nNewBlocks, 1, status) > 0)
                      {
                         ffpmsg("Failed to extend the size of the variable length heap (ffcprw)");
			 goto CLEANUP_RETURN;
                      }

		   }
                }
                if (nVarBytes)
		{
		   if (nVarBytes > nVarAllocBytes)
		   {
		     /* Grow the copy buffer to accomodate the new maximum size. 
			Note it is safe to call realloc() with null input pointer, 
			which is equivalent to malloc(). */
		     unsigned char *varColBuff1 = (unsigned char *) realloc(varColBuff, nVarBytes);
		     if (! varColBuff1)
		     {
		       *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
		       ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for variable column copy (ffcprw)");
		       goto CLEANUP_RETURN;
		     }
		     /* Record the new state */
		     varColBuff = varColBuff1;
		     nVarAllocBytes = nVarBytes;
		   }
		   /* Copy date from input to output */
                   ffgbyt(infptr, nVarBytes, varColBuff, status);
		   ffmbyt(outfptr, outPos, IGNORE_EOF, status);
                   ffpbyt(outfptr, nVarBytes, varColBuff, status);
		}
		ffpdes(outfptr, icol+1, jj, hrepeat, (outfptr->Fptr)->heapsize, status);
                (outfptr->Fptr)->heapsize += nVarBytes;
                ++iVarCol;
             }
             ++colptr;
          }
          ++jj;
       }
    }
    else
    {    
       /* copy the rows, 1 at a time */
       for (ii = firstrow; ii < firstrow + nrows; ii++) {
           fits_read_tblbytes (infptr,  ii, 1, innaxis1, buffer, status);
           fits_write_tblbytes(outfptr, jj, 1, innaxis1, buffer, status);
           jj++;
       }
    }
    outnaxis2 += nrows;
    fits_update_key(outfptr, TLONGLONG, "NAXIS2", &outnaxis2, 0, status);

 CLEANUP_RETURN:
    free(buffer);
    free(inVarCols);
    free(outVarCols);
    if (varColBuff) free(varColBuff);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffcpsr(fitsfile *infptr,    /* I - FITS file pointer to input file  */
           fitsfile *outfptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer to output file */
           LONGLONG firstrow,   /* I - number of first row to copy (1 based)  */
           LONGLONG nrows,      /* I - number of rows to copy  */
	   char *row_status,    /* I - quality list of rows to keep (1) or not keep (0) */
           int *status)         /* IO - error status     */
/*
  copy consecutive set of rows from infptr and append it in the outfptr table.
*/
{
    LONGLONG innaxis1, innaxis2, outnaxis1, outnaxis2, ii, jj, i0, icol;
    LONGLONG iVarCol, inPos, outPos, nVarBytes, nVarAllocBytes = 0;
    unsigned char *buffer, *varColBuff=0;
    int nInVarCols=0, nOutVarCols=0, varColDiff=0;
    int *inVarCols=0, *outVarCols=0;
    long nNewBlocks;
    LONGLONG hrepeat=0, hoffset=0;
    tcolumn *colptr=0;
    LONGLONG n_good_rows = nrows;
    
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (infptr->HDUposition != (infptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(infptr, (infptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
    else if ((infptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        ffrdef(infptr, status);                /* rescan header */

    if (outfptr->HDUposition != (outfptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(outfptr, (outfptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
    else if ((outfptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        ffrdef(outfptr, status);               /* rescan header */

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if ((infptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU || (outfptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
       ffpmsg
       ("Can not copy rows to or from IMAGE HDUs (ffcprw)");
       return(*status = NOT_TABLE);
    }

    if ( ((infptr->Fptr)->hdutype == BINARY_TBL &&  (outfptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL) ||
         ((infptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL &&  (outfptr->Fptr)->hdutype == BINARY_TBL) )
    {
       ffpmsg
       ("Copying rows between Binary and ASCII tables is not supported (ffcprw)");
       return(*status = NOT_BTABLE);
    }

    ffgkyjj(infptr,  "NAXIS1", &innaxis1,  0, status);  /* width of input rows */
    ffgkyjj(infptr,  "NAXIS2", &innaxis2,  0, status);  /* no. of input rows */
    ffgkyjj(outfptr, "NAXIS1", &outnaxis1, 0, status);  /* width of output rows */
    ffgkyjj(outfptr, "NAXIS2", &outnaxis2, 0, status);  /* no. of output rows */

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (outnaxis1 != innaxis1) {
       ffpmsg
       ("Input and output tables do not have same width (ffcprw)");
       return(*status = BAD_ROW_WIDTH);
    }    

    if (firstrow + nrows - 1 > innaxis2) {
       ffpmsg
       ("Not enough rows in input table to copy (ffcprw)");
       return(*status = BAD_ROW_NUM);
    }
    
    if ((infptr->Fptr)->tfield != (outfptr->Fptr)->tfield)
    {
       ffpmsg
       ("Input and output tables do not have same number of columns (ffcprw)");
       return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM);
    }
    
    /* allocate buffer to hold 1 row of data */
    buffer = malloc( (size_t) innaxis1);
    if (!buffer) {
       ffpmsg
       ("Unable to allocate memory (ffcprw)");
       return(*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION);
    }
 
    inVarCols = malloc(infptr->Fptr->tfield*sizeof(int));
    outVarCols = malloc(outfptr->Fptr->tfield*sizeof(int));
    fffvcl(infptr, &nInVarCols, inVarCols, status);
    fffvcl(outfptr, &nOutVarCols, outVarCols, status);
    if (nInVarCols != nOutVarCols)
       varColDiff=1;
    else
    {
       for (ii=0; iiFptr)->tableptr;
          for (icol=0; icol<(infptr->Fptr)->tfield; ++icol)
          {
             if (iVarCol < nInVarCols && inVarCols[iVarCol] == icol+1)
             {
                /* Copy from a variable length column */
                
                ffgdesll(infptr, icol+1, ii, &hrepeat, &hoffset, status);
                /* If this is a bit column, hrepeat will be number of
                   bits, not bytes. If it is a string column, hrepeat
		   is the number of bytes, twidth is the max col width 
		   and can be ignored.*/
                if (colptr->tdatatype == -TBIT)
		{
		   nVarBytes = (hrepeat+7)/8;
		}
		else if (colptr->tdatatype == -TSTRING)
		{
		   nVarBytes = hrepeat;
		}
		else
		{
		   nVarBytes = hrepeat*colptr->twidth*sizeof(char);
		}
                inPos = (infptr->Fptr)->datastart + (infptr->Fptr)->heapstart
				+ hoffset;
		outPos = (outfptr->Fptr)->datastart + (outfptr->Fptr)->heapstart
				+ (outfptr->Fptr)->heapsize;
                ffmbyt(infptr, inPos, REPORT_EOF, status);
		/* If this is not the last HDU in the file, then check if */
		/* extending the heap would overwrite the following header. */
		/* If so, then have to insert more blocks. */
                if ( !((outfptr->Fptr)->lasthdu) )
                {
		   if (outPos+nVarBytes > 
		      (outfptr->Fptr)->headstart[(outfptr->Fptr)->curhdu+1])
		   {
		      nNewBlocks = (long)(((outPos+nVarBytes - 1 -
                        (outfptr->Fptr)->headstart[(outfptr->Fptr)->
                        curhdu+1]) / 2880) + 1);
                      if (ffiblk(outfptr, nNewBlocks, 1, status) > 0)
                      {
                         ffpmsg("Failed to extend the size of the variable length heap (ffcprw)");
			 goto CLEANUP_RETURN;
                      }

		   }
                }
                if (nVarBytes)
		{
		   if (nVarBytes > nVarAllocBytes)
		   {
		     /* Grow the copy buffer to accomodate the new maximum size. 
			Note it is safe to call realloc() with null input pointer, 
			which is equivalent to malloc(). */
		     unsigned char *varColBuff1 = (unsigned char *) realloc(varColBuff, nVarBytes);
		     if (! varColBuff1)
		     {
		       *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
		       ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory for variable column copy (ffcprw)");
		       goto CLEANUP_RETURN;
		     }
		     /* Record the new state */
		     varColBuff = varColBuff1;
		     nVarAllocBytes = nVarBytes;
		   }
		   /* Copy date from input to output */
                   ffgbyt(infptr, nVarBytes, varColBuff, status);
		   ffmbyt(outfptr, outPos, IGNORE_EOF, status);
                   ffpbyt(outfptr, nVarBytes, varColBuff, status);
		}
		ffpdes(outfptr, icol+1, jj, hrepeat, (outfptr->Fptr)->heapsize, status);
                (outfptr->Fptr)->heapsize += nVarBytes;
                ++iVarCol;
             }
             ++colptr;
          }
          ++jj;
       }
    }
    else
    {    
       /* copy the rows, 1 at a time */
       n_good_rows = 0;
       for (ii = firstrow, i0 = 0; i0 < nrows; i0++, ii++)
       {
	  /* Ignore rows with row_status[] == 0 */
	  if (row_status && !row_status[i0]) continue;

           fits_read_tblbytes (infptr,  ii, 1, innaxis1, buffer, status);
           fits_write_tblbytes(outfptr, jj, 1, innaxis1, buffer, status);
	   n_good_rows ++;
           jj++;
       }
    }
    outnaxis2 += n_good_rows;
    fits_update_key(outfptr, TLONGLONG, "NAXIS2", &outnaxis2, 0, status);

 CLEANUP_RETURN:
    free(buffer);
    free(inVarCols);
    free(outVarCols);
    if (varColBuff) free(varColBuff);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffcpky(fitsfile *infptr,    /* I - FITS file pointer to input file  */
           fitsfile *outfptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer to output file */
           int incol,           /* I - input index number   */
           int outcol,          /* I - output index number  */
           char *rootname,      /* I - root name of the keyword to be copied */
           int *status)         /* IO - error status     */
/*
  copy an indexed keyword from infptr to outfptr.
*/
{
    int tstatus = 0;
    char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD];
    char value[FLEN_VALUE], comment[FLEN_COMMENT], card[FLEN_CARD];

    ffkeyn(rootname, incol, keyname, &tstatus);
    if (ffgkey(infptr, keyname, value, comment, &tstatus) <= 0)
    {
        ffkeyn(rootname, outcol, keyname, &tstatus);
        ffmkky(keyname, value, comment, card, status);
        ffprec(outfptr, card, status);
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffdcol(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           int colnum,      /* I - column to delete (1 = 1st)               */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
  Delete a column from a table.
*/
{
    int ii, tstatus;
    LONGLONG firstbyte, size, ndelete, nbytes, naxis1, naxis2, firstcol, delbyte, freespace;
    LONGLONG tbcol;
    long nblock, nspace;
    char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], comm[FLEN_COMMENT];
    tcolumn *colptr, *nextcol;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
    /* rescan header if data structure is undefined */
    else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
        if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0)               
            return(*status);

    if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
       ffpmsg
       ("Can only delete column from TABLE or BINTABLE extension (ffdcol)");
       return(*status = NOT_TABLE);
    }

    if (colnum < 1 || colnum > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield )
        return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM);

    colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr;
    colptr += (colnum - 1);
    firstcol = colptr->tbcol;  /* starting byte position of the column */

    /* use column width to determine how many bytes to delete in each row */
    if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL)
    {
      delbyte = colptr->twidth;  /* width of ASCII column */

      if (colnum < (fptr->Fptr)->tfield) /* check for space between next column */
      {
        nextcol = colptr + 1;
        nspace = (long) ((nextcol->tbcol) - (colptr->tbcol) - delbyte);
        if (nspace > 0)
            delbyte++;
      }
      else if (colnum > 1)   /* check for space between last 2 columns */
      {
        nextcol = colptr - 1;
        nspace = (long) ((colptr->tbcol) - (nextcol->tbcol) - (nextcol->twidth));
        if (nspace > 0)
        {
           delbyte++;
           firstcol--;  /* delete the leading space */
        }
      }
    }
    else   /* a binary table */
    {
      if (colnum < (fptr->Fptr)->tfield)
      {
         nextcol = colptr + 1;
         delbyte = (nextcol->tbcol) - (colptr->tbcol);
      }
      else
      {
         delbyte = ((fptr->Fptr)->rowlength) - (colptr->tbcol);
      }
    }

    naxis1 = (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength;   /* current width of the table */
    naxis2 = (fptr->Fptr)->numrows;

    /* current size of table */
    size = (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize;
    freespace = ((LONGLONG)delbyte * naxis2) + ((size + 2879) / 2880) * 2880 - size;
    nblock = (long) (freespace / 2880);   /* number of empty blocks to delete */

    ffcdel(fptr, naxis1, naxis2, delbyte, firstcol, status); /* delete col */

    /* absolute heap position */
    firstbyte = (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart;
    ndelete = (LONGLONG)delbyte * naxis2; /* size of shift */

    /* shift heap up (if it exists) */
    if ((fptr->Fptr)->heapsize > 0)
    {
      nbytes = (fptr->Fptr)->heapsize;    /* no. of bytes to shift up */

      if (ffshft(fptr, firstbyte, nbytes, -ndelete, status) > 0) /* mv heap */
          return(*status);
    }

    /* delete the empty  blocks at the end of the HDU */
    if (nblock > 0)
        ffdblk(fptr, nblock, status);

    /* update the heap starting address */
    (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart -= ndelete;

    /* update the THEAP keyword if it exists */
    tstatus = 0;
    ffmkyj(fptr, "THEAP", (long)(fptr->Fptr)->heapstart, "&", &tstatus);

    if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL)
    {
      /* adjust the TBCOL values of the remaining columns */
      for (ii = 1; ii <= (fptr->Fptr)->tfield; ii++)
      {
        ffkeyn("TBCOL", ii, keyname, status);
        ffgkyjj(fptr, keyname, &tbcol, comm, status);
        if (tbcol > firstcol)
        {
          tbcol = tbcol - delbyte;
          ffmkyj(fptr, keyname, tbcol, "&", status);
        }
      }
    }

    /* update the mandatory keywords */
    ffmkyj(fptr, "TFIELDS", ((fptr->Fptr)->tfield) - 1, "&", status);        
    ffmkyj(fptr,  "NAXIS1",   naxis1 - delbyte, "&", status);
    /*
      delete the index keywords starting with 'T' associated with the 
      deleted column and subtract 1 from index of all higher keywords
    */
    ffkshf(fptr, colnum, (fptr->Fptr)->tfield, -1, status);

    ffrdef(fptr, status);  /* initialize the new table structure */
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffcins(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           LONGLONG naxis1,     /* I - width of the table, in bytes             */
           LONGLONG naxis2,     /* I - number of rows in the table              */
           LONGLONG ninsert,    /* I - number of bytes to insert in each row    */
           LONGLONG bytepos,    /* I - rel. position in row to insert bytes     */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
 Insert 'ninsert' bytes into each row of the table at position 'bytepos'.
*/
{
    unsigned char buffer[10000], cfill;
    LONGLONG newlen, fbyte, nbytes, irow, nseg, ii;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (naxis2 == 0)
        return(*status);  /* just return if there are 0 rows in the table */

    /* select appropriate fill value */
    if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL)
        cfill = 32;                     /* ASCII tables use blank fill */
    else
        cfill = 0;    /* primary array and binary tables use zero fill */

    newlen = naxis1 + ninsert;

    if (newlen <= 10000)
    {
       /*******************************************************************
       CASE #1: optimal case where whole new row fits in the work buffer
       *******************************************************************/

        for (ii = 0; ii < ninsert; ii++)
            buffer[ii] = cfill;      /* initialize buffer with fill value */

        /* first move the trailing bytes (if any) in the last row */
        fbyte = bytepos + 1;
        nbytes = naxis1 - bytepos;
        /* If the last row hasn't yet been accessed in full, it's possible
           that logfilesize hasn't been updated to account for it (by way
           of an ffldrc call).  This could cause ffgtbb to return with an
           EOF error.  To prevent this, we must increase logfilesize here. 
        */
        if ((fptr->Fptr)->logfilesize < (fptr->Fptr)->datastart + 
                 (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart)
        {
            (fptr->Fptr)->logfilesize = (((fptr->Fptr)->datastart +
                 (fptr->Fptr)->heapstart + 2879)/2880)*2880;
        }
        
        ffgtbb(fptr, naxis2, fbyte, nbytes, &buffer[ninsert], status);
        (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = newlen; /*  new row length */

        /* write the row (with leading fill bytes) in the new place */
        nbytes += ninsert;
        ffptbb(fptr, naxis2, fbyte, nbytes, buffer, status);
        (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = naxis1;  /* reset to orig. value */

        /*  now move the rest of the rows */
        for (irow = naxis2 - 1; irow > 0; irow--)
        {
            /* read the row to be shifted (work backwards thru the table) */
            ffgtbb(fptr, irow, fbyte, naxis1, &buffer[ninsert], status);
            (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = newlen; /* new row length */

            /* write the row (with the leading fill bytes) in the new place */
            ffptbb(fptr, irow, fbyte, newlen, buffer, status);
            (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = naxis1; /* reset to orig value */
        }
    }
    else
    {
        /*****************************************************************
        CASE #2:  whole row doesn't fit in work buffer; move row in pieces
        ******************************************************************
        first copy the data, then go back and write fill into the new column
        start by copying the trailing bytes (if any) in the last row.     */

        nbytes = naxis1 - bytepos;
        nseg = (nbytes + 9999) / 10000;
        fbyte = (nseg - 1) * 10000 + bytepos + 1;
        nbytes = naxis1 - fbyte + 1;

        for (ii = 0; ii < nseg; ii++)
        {
            ffgtbb(fptr, naxis2, fbyte, nbytes, buffer, status);
            (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength =   newlen;  /* new row length */

            ffptbb(fptr, naxis2, fbyte + ninsert, nbytes, buffer, status);
            (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength =   naxis1; /* reset to orig value */

            fbyte -= 10000;
            nbytes = 10000;
        }

        /* now move the rest of the rows */
        nseg = (naxis1 + 9999) / 10000;
        for (irow = naxis2 - 1; irow > 0; irow--)
        {
          fbyte = (nseg - 1) * 10000 + bytepos + 1;
          nbytes = naxis1 - (nseg - 1) * 10000;
          for (ii = 0; ii < nseg; ii++)
          { 
            /* read the row to be shifted (work backwards thru the table) */
            ffgtbb(fptr, irow, fbyte, nbytes, buffer, status);
            (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength =   newlen;  /* new row length */

            /* write the row in the new place */
            ffptbb(fptr, irow, fbyte + ninsert, nbytes, buffer, status);
            (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength =   naxis1; /* reset to orig value */

            fbyte -= 10000;
            nbytes = 10000;
          }
        }

        /* now write the fill values into the new column */
        nbytes = minvalue(ninsert, 10000);
        memset(buffer, cfill, (size_t) nbytes); /* initialize with fill value */

        nseg = (ninsert + 9999) / 10000;
        (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength =  newlen;  /* new row length */

        for (irow = 1; irow <= naxis2; irow++)
        {
          fbyte = bytepos + 1;
          nbytes = ninsert - ((nseg - 1) * 10000);
          for (ii = 0; ii < nseg; ii++)
          {
            ffptbb(fptr, irow, fbyte, nbytes, buffer, status);
            fbyte += nbytes;
            nbytes = 10000;
          }
        }
        (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = naxis1;  /* reset to orig value */
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffcdel(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           LONGLONG naxis1,     /* I - width of the table, in bytes             */
           LONGLONG naxis2,     /* I - number of rows in the table              */
           LONGLONG ndelete,    /* I - number of bytes to delete in each row    */
           LONGLONG bytepos,    /* I - rel. position in row to delete bytes     */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
 delete 'ndelete' bytes from each row of the table at position 'bytepos'.  */
{
    unsigned char buffer[10000];
    LONGLONG i1, i2, ii, irow, nseg;
    LONGLONG newlen, remain, nbytes;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (naxis2 == 0)
        return(*status);  /* just return if there are 0 rows in the table */

    newlen = naxis1 - ndelete;

    if (newlen <= 10000)
    {
      /*******************************************************************
      CASE #1: optimal case where whole new row fits in the work buffer
      *******************************************************************/
      i1 = bytepos + 1;
      i2 = i1 + ndelete;
      for (irow = 1; irow < naxis2; irow++)
      {
        ffgtbb(fptr, irow, i2, newlen, buffer, status); /* read row */
        (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = newlen;  /* new row length */

        ffptbb(fptr, irow, i1, newlen, buffer, status); /* write row */
        (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = naxis1;  /* reset to orig value */
      }

      /* now do the last row */
      remain = naxis1 - (bytepos + ndelete);

      if (remain > 0)
      {
        ffgtbb(fptr, naxis2, i2, remain, buffer, status); /* read row */
        (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = newlen;  /* new row length */

        ffptbb(fptr, naxis2, i1, remain, buffer, status); /* write row */
        (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = naxis1;  /* reset to orig value */
      }
    }
    else
    {
        /*****************************************************************
        CASE #2:  whole row doesn't fit in work buffer; move row in pieces
        ******************************************************************/

        nseg = (newlen + 9999) / 10000;
        for (irow = 1; irow < naxis2; irow++)
        {
          i1 = bytepos + 1;
          i2 = i1 + ndelete;

          nbytes = newlen - (nseg - 1) * 10000;
          for (ii = 0; ii < nseg; ii++)
          { 
            ffgtbb(fptr, irow, i2, nbytes, buffer, status); /* read bytes */
            (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = newlen;  /* new row length */

            ffptbb(fptr, irow, i1, nbytes, buffer, status); /* rewrite bytes */
            (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = naxis1; /* reset to orig value */

            i1 += nbytes;
            i2 += nbytes;
            nbytes = 10000;
          }
        }

        /* now do the last row */
        remain = naxis1 - (bytepos + ndelete);

        if (remain > 0)
        {
          nseg = (remain + 9999) / 10000;
          i1 = bytepos + 1;
          i2 = i1 + ndelete;
          nbytes = remain - (nseg - 1) * 10000;
          for (ii = 0; ii < nseg; ii++)
          { 
            ffgtbb(fptr, naxis2, i2, nbytes, buffer, status);
            (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = newlen;  /* new row length */

            ffptbb(fptr, naxis2, i1, nbytes, buffer, status); /* write row */
            (fptr->Fptr)->rowlength = naxis1;  /* reset to orig value */

            i1 += nbytes;
            i2 += nbytes;
            nbytes = 10000;
          }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffkshf(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           int colmin,      /* I - starting col. to be incremented; 1 = 1st */
           int colmax,      /* I - last column to be incremented            */
           int incre,       /* I - shift index number by this amount        */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
  shift the index value on any existing column keywords
  This routine will modify the name of any keyword that begins with 'T'
  and has an index number in the range COLMIN - COLMAX, inclusive.

  if incre is positive, then the index values will be incremented.
  if incre is negative, then the kewords with index = COLMIN
  will be deleted and the index of higher numbered keywords will
  be decremented.
*/
{
    int nkeys, nmore, nrec, tstatus, i1;
    long ivalue;
    char rec[FLEN_CARD], q[FLEN_KEYWORD], newkey[FLEN_KEYWORD];

    ffghsp(fptr, &nkeys, &nmore, status);  /* get number of keywords */

    /* go thru header starting with the 9th keyword looking for 'TxxxxNNN' */

    for (nrec = 9; nrec <= nkeys; nrec++)
    {     
        ffgrec(fptr, nrec, rec, status);

        if (rec[0] == 'T')
        {
            i1 = 0;
            strncpy(q, &rec[1], 4);
            if (!strncmp(q, "BCOL", 4) || !strncmp(q, "FORM", 4) ||
                !strncmp(q, "TYPE", 4) || !strncmp(q, "SCAL", 4) ||
                !strncmp(q, "UNIT", 4) || !strncmp(q, "NULL", 4) ||
                !strncmp(q, "ZERO", 4) || !strncmp(q, "DISP", 4) ||
                !strncmp(q, "LMIN", 4) || !strncmp(q, "LMAX", 4) ||
                !strncmp(q, "DMIN", 4) || !strncmp(q, "DMAX", 4) ||
                !strncmp(q, "CTYP", 4) || !strncmp(q, "CRPX", 4) ||
                !strncmp(q, "CRVL", 4) || !strncmp(q, "CDLT", 4) ||
                !strncmp(q, "CROT", 4) || !strncmp(q, "CUNI", 4) )
              i1 = 5;
            else if (!strncmp(rec, "TDIM", 4) )
              i1 = 4;

            if (i1)
            {
              /* try reading the index number suffix */
              q[0] = '\0';
              strncat(q, &rec[i1], 8 - i1);

              tstatus = 0;
              ffc2ii(q, &ivalue, &tstatus);

              if (tstatus == 0 && ivalue >= colmin && ivalue <= colmax)
              {
                if (incre <= 0 && ivalue == colmin)       
                {
                  ffdrec(fptr, nrec, status); /* delete keyword */
                  nkeys = nkeys - 1;
                  nrec = nrec - 1;
                }
                else
                {
                  ivalue = ivalue + incre;
                  q[0] = '\0';
                  strncat(q, rec, i1);
     
                  ffkeyn(q, ivalue, newkey, status);
		  /* NOTE: because of null termination, it is not 
		     equivalent to use strcpy() for the same calls */
                  strncpy(rec, "        ", 8);    /* erase old keyword name */
                  i1 = strlen(newkey);
                  strncpy(rec, newkey, i1);   /* overwrite new keyword name */
                  ffmrec(fptr, nrec, rec, status);  /* modify the record */
                }
              }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffvcl(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           int *nvarcols,    /* O - Number of variable length columns found */
           int *colnums,     /* O - 1-based variable column positions       */
           int *status)      /* IO - error status                           */
{
/*
   Internal function to identify which columns in a binary table are variable length.
   The colnums array will be filled with nvarcols elements - the 1-based numbers
   of all variable length columns in the table.  This ASSUMES calling function
   has passed in a colnums array large enough to hold these (colnums==NULL also 
   allowed).
*/
   int tfields=0,icol;
   tcolumn *colptr=0;
   
   *nvarcols = 0;
   if (*status > 0)
       return(*status);
       
   if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype != BINARY_TBL)
   {
      ffpmsg("Var-length column search can only be performed on Binary tables (fffvcl)");
      return(*status = NOT_BTABLE);
   }
   
   if ((fptr->Fptr)->tableptr)
   {
      colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr;
      tfields = (fptr->Fptr)->tfield;
      for (icol=0; icoltdatatype < 0)
         {
	    if (colnums) colnums[*nvarcols] = icol + 1;
	    *nvarcols += 1;            
         }
      }      
   }   
   return(*status);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffshft(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           LONGLONG firstbyte, /* I - position of first byte in block to shift */
           LONGLONG nbytes,    /* I - size of block of bytes to shift          */
           LONGLONG nshift,    /* I - size of shift in bytes (+ or -)          */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
    Shift block of bytes by nshift bytes (positive or negative).
    A positive nshift value moves the block down further in the file, while a
    negative value shifts the block towards the beginning of the file.
*/
{
#define shftbuffsize 100000
    long ntomov;
    LONGLONG ptr, ntodo;
    char buffer[shftbuffsize];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    ntodo = nbytes;   /* total number of bytes to shift */

    if (nshift > 0)
            /* start at the end of the block and work backwards */
            ptr = firstbyte + nbytes;
    else
            /* start at the beginning of the block working forwards */
            ptr = firstbyte;

    while (ntodo)
    {
        /* number of bytes to move at one time */
        ntomov = (long) (minvalue(ntodo, shftbuffsize));

        if (nshift > 0)     /* if moving block down ... */
            ptr -= ntomov;

        /* move to position and read the bytes to be moved */

        ffmbyt(fptr, ptr, REPORT_EOF, status);
        ffgbyt(fptr, ntomov, buffer, status);

        /* move by shift amount and write the bytes */
        ffmbyt(fptr, ptr + nshift, IGNORE_EOF, status);
        if (ffpbyt(fptr, ntomov, buffer, status) > 0)
        {
           ffpmsg("Error while shifting block (ffshft)");
           return(*status);
        }

        ntodo -= ntomov;
        if (nshift < 0)     /* if moving block up ... */
            ptr += ntomov;
    }

    /* now overwrite the old data with fill */
    if ((fptr->Fptr)->hdutype == ASCII_TBL)
       memset(buffer, 32, shftbuffsize); /* fill ASCII tables with spaces */
    else
       memset(buffer,  0, shftbuffsize); /* fill other HDUs with zeros */


    if (nshift < 0)
    {
        ntodo = -nshift;
        /* point to the end of the shifted block */
        ptr = firstbyte + nbytes + nshift;
    }
    else
    {
        ntodo = nshift;
        /* point to original beginning of the block */
        ptr = firstbyte;
    }

    ffmbyt(fptr, ptr, REPORT_EOF, status);

    while (ntodo)
    {
        ntomov = (long) (minvalue(ntodo, shftbuffsize));
        ffpbyt(fptr, ntomov, buffer, status);
        ntodo -= ntomov;
    }
    return(*status);
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/ricecomp.c0000644000225700000360000010542513640736632014433 0ustar  cagordonlhea/*
  The following code was written by Richard White at STScI and made
  available for use in CFITSIO in July 1999.  These routines were
  originally contained in 2 source files: rcomp.c and rdecomp.c,
  and the 'include' file now called ricecomp.h was originally called buffer.h.
  
  Note that beginning with CFITSIO v3.08, EOB checking was removed to improve
  speed, and so now the input compressed bytes buffers must have been
  allocated big enough so that they will never be overflowed. A simple
  rule of thumb that guarantees the buffer will be large enough is to make
  it 1% larger than the size of the input array of pixels that are being
  compressed.
  
*/

/*----------------------------------------------------------*/
/*                                                          */
/*    START OF SOURCE FILE ORIGINALLY CALLED rcomp.c        */
/*                                                          */
/*----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* @(#) rcomp.c 1.5 99/03/01 12:40:27 */
/* rcomp.c	Compress image line using
 *		(1) Difference of adjacent pixels
 *		(2) Rice algorithm coding
 *
 * Returns number of bytes written to code buffer or
 * -1 on failure
 */

#include 
#include 
#include 

/*
 * nonzero_count is lookup table giving number of bits in 8-bit values not including
 * leading zeros used in fits_rdecomp, fits_rdecomp_short and fits_rdecomp_byte
 */
static const int nonzero_count[256] = {
0, 
1, 
2, 2, 
3, 3, 3, 3, 
4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 
5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 
6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 
6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 
7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 
7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 
7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 
7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 
8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 
8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 
8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 
8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 
8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 
8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 
8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 
8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8};

typedef unsigned char Buffer_t;

typedef struct {
	int bitbuffer;		/* bit buffer			*/
	int bits_to_go;		/* bits to go in buffer		*/
	Buffer_t *start;	/* start of buffer		*/
	Buffer_t *current;	/* current position in buffer	*/
	Buffer_t *end;		/* end of buffer		*/
} Buffer;

#define putcbuf(c,mf) 	((*(mf->current)++ = c), 0)

#include "fitsio2.h"

static void start_outputing_bits(Buffer *buffer);
static int done_outputing_bits(Buffer *buffer);
static int output_nbits(Buffer *buffer, int bits, int n);

/*  only used for diagnoistics
static int case1, case2, case3;
int fits_get_case(int *c1, int*c2, int*c3) {

  *c1 = case1;
  *c2 = case2;
  *c3 = case3;
  return(0);
}
*/

/* this routine used to be called 'rcomp'  (WDP)  */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

int fits_rcomp(int a[],		/* input array			*/
	  int nx,		/* number of input pixels	*/
	  unsigned char *c,	/* output buffer		*/
	  int clen,		/* max length of output		*/
	  int nblock)		/* coding block size		*/
{
Buffer bufmem, *buffer = &bufmem;
/* int bsize;  */
int i, j, thisblock;
int lastpix, nextpix, pdiff;
int v, fs, fsmask, top, fsmax, fsbits, bbits;
int lbitbuffer, lbits_to_go;
unsigned int psum;
double pixelsum, dpsum;
unsigned int *diff;

    /*
     * Original size of each pixel (bsize, bytes) and coding block
     * size (nblock, pixels)
     * Could make bsize a parameter to allow more efficient
     * compression of short & byte images.
     */
/*    bsize = 4;   */

/*    nblock = 32; now an input parameter*/
    /*
     * From bsize derive:
     * FSBITS = # bits required to store FS
     * FSMAX = maximum value for FS
     * BBITS = bits/pixel for direct coding
     */

/*
    switch (bsize) {
    case 1:
	fsbits = 3;
	fsmax = 6;
	break;
    case 2:
	fsbits = 4;
	fsmax = 14;
	break;
    case 4:
	fsbits = 5;
	fsmax = 25;
	break;
    default:
        ffpmsg("rdecomp: bsize must be 1, 2, or 4 bytes");
	return(-1);
    }
*/

    /* move out of switch block, to tweak performance */
    fsbits = 5;
    fsmax = 25;

    bbits = 1<start = c;
    buffer->current = c;
    buffer->end = c+clen;
    buffer->bits_to_go = 8;
    /*
     * array for differences mapped to non-negative values
     */
    diff = (unsigned int *) malloc(nblock*sizeof(unsigned int));
    if (diff == (unsigned int *) NULL) {
        ffpmsg("fits_rcomp: insufficient memory");
	return(-1);
    }
    /*
     * Code in blocks of nblock pixels
     */
    start_outputing_bits(buffer);

    /* write out first int value to the first 4 bytes of the buffer */
    if (output_nbits(buffer, a[0], 32) == EOF) {
        ffpmsg("rice_encode: end of buffer");
        free(diff);
        return(-1);
    }

    lastpix = a[0];  /* the first difference will always be zero */

    thisblock = nblock;
    for (i=0; i> 1;
	for (fs = 0; psum>0; fs++) psum >>= 1;

	/*
	 * write the codes
	 * fsbits ID bits used to indicate split level
	 */
	if (fs >= fsmax) {
	    /* Special high entropy case when FS >= fsmax
	     * Just write pixel difference values directly, no Rice coding at all.
	     */
	    if (output_nbits(buffer, fsmax+1, fsbits) == EOF) {
                ffpmsg("rice_encode: end of buffer");
                free(diff);
		return(-1);
	    }
	    for (j=0; jbitbuffer;
	    lbits_to_go = buffer->bits_to_go;
	    for (j=0; j> fs;
		/*
		 * top is coded by top zeros + 1
		 */
		if (lbits_to_go >= top+1) {
		    lbitbuffer <<= top+1;
		    lbitbuffer |= 1;
		    lbits_to_go -= top+1;
		} else {
		    lbitbuffer <<= lbits_to_go;
		    putcbuf(lbitbuffer & 0xff,buffer);

		    for (top -= lbits_to_go; top>=8; top -= 8) {
			putcbuf(0, buffer);
		    }
		    lbitbuffer = 1;
		    lbits_to_go = 7-top;
		}
		/*
		 * bottom FS bits are written without coding
		 * code is output_nbits, moved into this routine to reduce overheads
		 * This code potentially breaks if FS>24, so I am limiting
		 * FS to 24 by choice of FSMAX above.
		 */
		if (fs > 0) {
		    lbitbuffer <<= fs;
		    lbitbuffer |= v & fsmask;
		    lbits_to_go -= fs;
		    while (lbits_to_go <= 0) {
			putcbuf((lbitbuffer>>(-lbits_to_go)) & 0xff,buffer);
			lbits_to_go += 8;
		    }
		}
	    }

	    /* check if overflowed output buffer */
	    if (buffer->current > buffer->end) {
                 ffpmsg("rice_encode: end of buffer");
                 free(diff);
		 return(-1);
	    }
	    buffer->bitbuffer = lbitbuffer;
	    buffer->bits_to_go = lbits_to_go;
	}
    }
    done_outputing_bits(buffer);
    free(diff);
    /*
     * return number of bytes used
     */
    return(buffer->current - buffer->start);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

int fits_rcomp_short(
	  short a[],		/* input array			*/
	  int nx,		/* number of input pixels	*/
	  unsigned char *c,	/* output buffer		*/
	  int clen,		/* max length of output		*/
	  int nblock)		/* coding block size		*/
{
Buffer bufmem, *buffer = &bufmem;
/* int bsize;  */
int i, j, thisblock;

/* 
NOTE: in principle, the following 2 variable could be declared as 'short'
but in fact the code runs faster (on 32-bit Linux at least) as 'int'
*/
int lastpix, nextpix;
/* int pdiff; */
short pdiff; 
int v, fs, fsmask, top, fsmax, fsbits, bbits;
int lbitbuffer, lbits_to_go;
/* unsigned int psum; */
unsigned short psum;
double pixelsum, dpsum;
unsigned int *diff;

    /*
     * Original size of each pixel (bsize, bytes) and coding block
     * size (nblock, pixels)
     * Could make bsize a parameter to allow more efficient
     * compression of short & byte images.
     */
/*    bsize = 2; */

/*    nblock = 32; now an input parameter */
    /*
     * From bsize derive:
     * FSBITS = # bits required to store FS
     * FSMAX = maximum value for FS
     * BBITS = bits/pixel for direct coding
     */

/*
    switch (bsize) {
    case 1:
	fsbits = 3;
	fsmax = 6;
	break;
    case 2:
	fsbits = 4;
	fsmax = 14;
	break;
    case 4:
	fsbits = 5;
	fsmax = 25;
	break;
    default:
        ffpmsg("rdecomp: bsize must be 1, 2, or 4 bytes");
	return(-1);
    }
*/

    /* move these out of switch block to further tweak performance */
    fsbits = 4;
    fsmax = 14;
    
    bbits = 1<start = c;
    buffer->current = c;
    buffer->end = c+clen;
    buffer->bits_to_go = 8;
    /*
     * array for differences mapped to non-negative values
     */
    diff = (unsigned int *) malloc(nblock*sizeof(unsigned int));
    if (diff == (unsigned int *) NULL) {
        ffpmsg("fits_rcomp: insufficient memory");
	return(-1);
    }
    /*
     * Code in blocks of nblock pixels
     */
    start_outputing_bits(buffer);

    /* write out first short value to the first 2 bytes of the buffer */
    if (output_nbits(buffer, a[0], 16) == EOF) {
        ffpmsg("rice_encode: end of buffer");
        free(diff);
        return(-1);
    }

    lastpix = a[0];  /* the first difference will always be zero */

    thisblock = nblock;
    for (i=0; i> 1; */
	psum = ((unsigned short) dpsum ) >> 1;
	for (fs = 0; psum>0; fs++) psum >>= 1;

	/*
	 * write the codes
	 * fsbits ID bits used to indicate split level
	 */
	if (fs >= fsmax) {
/* case3++; */
	    /* Special high entropy case when FS >= fsmax
	     * Just write pixel difference values directly, no Rice coding at all.
	     */
	    if (output_nbits(buffer, fsmax+1, fsbits) == EOF) {
                ffpmsg("rice_encode: end of buffer");
                free(diff);
		return(-1);
	    }
	    for (j=0; jbitbuffer;
	    lbits_to_go = buffer->bits_to_go;
	    for (j=0; j> fs;
		/*
		 * top is coded by top zeros + 1
		 */
		if (lbits_to_go >= top+1) {
		    lbitbuffer <<= top+1;
		    lbitbuffer |= 1;
		    lbits_to_go -= top+1;
		} else {
		    lbitbuffer <<= lbits_to_go;
		    putcbuf(lbitbuffer & 0xff,buffer);
		    for (top -= lbits_to_go; top>=8; top -= 8) {
			putcbuf(0, buffer);
		    }
		    lbitbuffer = 1;
		    lbits_to_go = 7-top;
		}
		/*
		 * bottom FS bits are written without coding
		 * code is output_nbits, moved into this routine to reduce overheads
		 * This code potentially breaks if FS>24, so I am limiting
		 * FS to 24 by choice of FSMAX above.
		 */
		if (fs > 0) {
		    lbitbuffer <<= fs;
		    lbitbuffer |= v & fsmask;
		    lbits_to_go -= fs;
		    while (lbits_to_go <= 0) {
			putcbuf((lbitbuffer>>(-lbits_to_go)) & 0xff,buffer);
			lbits_to_go += 8;
		    }
		}
	    }
	    /* check if overflowed output buffer */
	    if (buffer->current > buffer->end) {
                 ffpmsg("rice_encode: end of buffer");
                 free(diff);
		 return(-1);
	    }
	    buffer->bitbuffer = lbitbuffer;
	    buffer->bits_to_go = lbits_to_go;
	}
    }
    done_outputing_bits(buffer);
    free(diff);
    /*
     * return number of bytes used
     */
    return(buffer->current - buffer->start);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

int fits_rcomp_byte(
	  signed char a[],		/* input array			*/
	  int nx,		/* number of input pixels	*/
	  unsigned char *c,	/* output buffer		*/
	  int clen,		/* max length of output		*/
	  int nblock)		/* coding block size		*/
{
Buffer bufmem, *buffer = &bufmem;
/* int bsize; */
int i, j, thisblock;

/* 
NOTE: in principle, the following 2 variable could be declared as 'short'
but in fact the code runs faster (on 32-bit Linux at least) as 'int'
*/
int lastpix, nextpix;
/* int pdiff; */
signed char pdiff; 
int v, fs, fsmask, top, fsmax, fsbits, bbits;
int lbitbuffer, lbits_to_go;
/* unsigned int psum; */
unsigned char psum;
double pixelsum, dpsum;
unsigned int *diff;

    /*
     * Original size of each pixel (bsize, bytes) and coding block
     * size (nblock, pixels)
     * Could make bsize a parameter to allow more efficient
     * compression of short & byte images.
     */
/*    bsize = 1;  */

/*    nblock = 32; now an input parameter */
    /*
     * From bsize derive:
     * FSBITS = # bits required to store FS
     * FSMAX = maximum value for FS
     * BBITS = bits/pixel for direct coding
     */

/*
    switch (bsize) {
    case 1:
	fsbits = 3;
	fsmax = 6;
	break;
    case 2:
	fsbits = 4;
	fsmax = 14;
	break;
    case 4:
	fsbits = 5;
	fsmax = 25;
	break;
    default:
        ffpmsg("rdecomp: bsize must be 1, 2, or 4 bytes");
	return(-1);
    }
*/

    /* move these out of switch block to further tweak performance */
    fsbits = 3;
    fsmax = 6;
    bbits = 1<start = c;
    buffer->current = c;
    buffer->end = c+clen;
    buffer->bits_to_go = 8;
    /*
     * array for differences mapped to non-negative values
     */
    diff = (unsigned int *) malloc(nblock*sizeof(unsigned int));
    if (diff == (unsigned int *) NULL) {
        ffpmsg("fits_rcomp: insufficient memory");
	return(-1);
    }
    /*
     * Code in blocks of nblock pixels
     */
    start_outputing_bits(buffer);

    /* write out first byte value to the first  byte of the buffer */
    if (output_nbits(buffer, a[0], 8) == EOF) {
        ffpmsg("rice_encode: end of buffer");
        free(diff);
        return(-1);
    }

    lastpix = a[0];  /* the first difference will always be zero */

    thisblock = nblock;
    for (i=0; i> 1; */
	psum = ((unsigned char) dpsum ) >> 1;
	for (fs = 0; psum>0; fs++) psum >>= 1;

	/*
	 * write the codes
	 * fsbits ID bits used to indicate split level
	 */
	if (fs >= fsmax) {
	    /* Special high entropy case when FS >= fsmax
	     * Just write pixel difference values directly, no Rice coding at all.
	     */
	    if (output_nbits(buffer, fsmax+1, fsbits) == EOF) {
                ffpmsg("rice_encode: end of buffer");
                free(diff);
		return(-1);
	    }
	    for (j=0; jbitbuffer;
	    lbits_to_go = buffer->bits_to_go;
	    for (j=0; j> fs;
		/*
		 * top is coded by top zeros + 1
		 */
		if (lbits_to_go >= top+1) {
		    lbitbuffer <<= top+1;
		    lbitbuffer |= 1;
		    lbits_to_go -= top+1;
		} else {
		    lbitbuffer <<= lbits_to_go;
		    putcbuf(lbitbuffer & 0xff,buffer);
		    for (top -= lbits_to_go; top>=8; top -= 8) {
			putcbuf(0, buffer);
		    }
		    lbitbuffer = 1;
		    lbits_to_go = 7-top;
		}
		/*
		 * bottom FS bits are written without coding
		 * code is output_nbits, moved into this routine to reduce overheads
		 * This code potentially breaks if FS>24, so I am limiting
		 * FS to 24 by choice of FSMAX above.
		 */
		if (fs > 0) {
		    lbitbuffer <<= fs;
		    lbitbuffer |= v & fsmask;
		    lbits_to_go -= fs;
		    while (lbits_to_go <= 0) {
			putcbuf((lbitbuffer>>(-lbits_to_go)) & 0xff,buffer);
			lbits_to_go += 8;
		    }
		}
	    }
	    /* check if overflowed output buffer */
	    if (buffer->current > buffer->end) {
                 ffpmsg("rice_encode: end of buffer");
                 free(diff);
		 return(-1);
	    }
	    buffer->bitbuffer = lbitbuffer;
	    buffer->bits_to_go = lbits_to_go;
	}
    }
    done_outputing_bits(buffer);
    free(diff);
    /*
     * return number of bytes used
     */
    return(buffer->current - buffer->start);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* bit_output.c
 *
 * Bit output routines
 * Procedures return zero on success, EOF on end-of-buffer
 *
 * Programmer: R. White     Date: 20 July 1998
 */

/* Initialize for bit output */

static void start_outputing_bits(Buffer *buffer)
{
    /*
     * Buffer is empty to start with
     */
    buffer->bitbuffer = 0;
    buffer->bits_to_go = 8;
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Output N bits (N must be <= 32) */

static int output_nbits(Buffer *buffer, int bits, int n)
{
/* local copies */
int lbitbuffer;
int lbits_to_go;
    /* AND mask for the right-most n bits */
    static unsigned int mask[33] = 
         {0,
	  0x1,       0x3,       0x7,       0xf,       0x1f,       0x3f,       0x7f,       0xff,
	  0x1ff,     0x3ff,     0x7ff,     0xfff,     0x1fff,     0x3fff,     0x7fff,     0xffff,
	  0x1ffff,   0x3ffff,   0x7ffff,   0xfffff,   0x1fffff,   0x3fffff,   0x7fffff,   0xffffff,
	  0x1ffffff, 0x3ffffff, 0x7ffffff, 0xfffffff, 0x1fffffff, 0x3fffffff, 0x7fffffff, 0xffffffff};

    /*
     * insert bits at end of bitbuffer
     */
    lbitbuffer = buffer->bitbuffer;
    lbits_to_go = buffer->bits_to_go;
    if (lbits_to_go+n > 32) {
	/*
	 * special case for large n: put out the top lbits_to_go bits first
	 * note that 0 < lbits_to_go <= 8
	 */
	lbitbuffer <<= lbits_to_go;
/*	lbitbuffer |= (bits>>(n-lbits_to_go)) & ((1<>(n-lbits_to_go)) & *(mask+lbits_to_go);
	putcbuf(lbitbuffer & 0xff,buffer);
	n -= lbits_to_go;
	lbits_to_go = 8;
    }
    lbitbuffer <<= n;
/*    lbitbuffer |= ( bits & ((1<>(-lbits_to_go)) & 0xff,buffer);
	lbits_to_go += 8;
    }
    buffer->bitbuffer = lbitbuffer;
    buffer->bits_to_go = lbits_to_go;
    return(0);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Flush out the last bits */

static int done_outputing_bits(Buffer *buffer)
{
    if(buffer->bits_to_go < 8) {
	putcbuf(buffer->bitbuffer<bits_to_go,buffer);
	
/*	if (putcbuf(buffer->bitbuffer<bits_to_go,buffer) == EOF)
	    return(EOF);
*/
    }
    return(0);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*----------------------------------------------------------*/
/*                                                          */
/*    START OF SOURCE FILE ORIGINALLY CALLED rdecomp.c      */
/*                                                          */
/*----------------------------------------------------------*/

/* @(#) rdecomp.c 1.4 99/03/01 12:38:41 */
/* rdecomp.c	Decompress image line using
 *		(1) Difference of adjacent pixels
 *		(2) Rice algorithm coding
 *
 * Returns 0 on success or 1 on failure
 */

/*    moved these 'includes' to the beginning of the file (WDP)
#include 
#include 
*/

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* this routine used to be called 'rdecomp'  (WDP)  */

int fits_rdecomp (unsigned char *c,		/* input buffer			*/
	     int clen,			/* length of input		*/
	     unsigned int array[],	/* output array			*/
	     int nx,			/* number of output pixels	*/
	     int nblock)		/* coding block size		*/
{
/* int bsize;  */
int i, k, imax;
int nbits, nzero, fs;
unsigned char *cend, bytevalue;
unsigned int b, diff, lastpix;
int fsmax, fsbits, bbits;
extern const int nonzero_count[];

   /*
     * Original size of each pixel (bsize, bytes) and coding block
     * size (nblock, pixels)
     * Could make bsize a parameter to allow more efficient
     * compression of short & byte images.
     */
/*    bsize = 4; */

/*    nblock = 32; now an input parameter */
    /*
     * From bsize derive:
     * FSBITS = # bits required to store FS
     * FSMAX = maximum value for FS
     * BBITS = bits/pixel for direct coding
     */

/*
    switch (bsize) {
    case 1:
	fsbits = 3;
	fsmax = 6;
	break;
    case 2:
	fsbits = 4;
	fsmax = 14;
	break;
    case 4:
	fsbits = 5;
	fsmax = 25;
	break;
    default:
        ffpmsg("rdecomp: bsize must be 1, 2, or 4 bytes");
	return 1;
    }
*/

    /* move out of switch block, to tweak performance */
    fsbits = 5;
    fsmax = 25;

    bbits = 1<> nbits) - 1;

	b &= (1< nx) imax = nx;
	if (fs<0) {
	    /* low-entropy case, all zero differences */
	    for ( ; i= 0; k -= 8) {
		    b = *c++;
		    diff |= b<0) {
		    b = *c++;
		    diff |= b>>(-k);
		    b &= (1<>1;
		} else {
		    diff = ~(diff>>1);
		}
		array[i] = diff+lastpix;
		lastpix = array[i];
	    }
	} else {
	    /* normal case, Rice coding */
	    for ( ; i>nbits);
		b &= (1<>1;
		} else {
		    diff = ~(diff>>1);
		}
		array[i] = diff+lastpix;
		lastpix = array[i];
	    }
	}
	if (c > cend) {
            ffpmsg("decompression error: hit end of compressed byte stream");
	    return 1;
	}
    }
    if (c < cend) {
        ffpmsg("decompression warning: unused bytes at end of compressed buffer");
    }
    return 0;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* this routine used to be called 'rdecomp'  (WDP)  */

int fits_rdecomp_short (unsigned char *c,		/* input buffer			*/
	     int clen,			/* length of input		*/
	     unsigned short array[],  	/* output array			*/
	     int nx,			/* number of output pixels	*/
	     int nblock)		/* coding block size		*/
{
int i, imax;
/* int bsize; */
int k;
int nbits, nzero, fs;
unsigned char *cend, bytevalue;
unsigned int b, diff, lastpix;
int fsmax, fsbits, bbits;
extern const int nonzero_count[];

   /*
     * Original size of each pixel (bsize, bytes) and coding block
     * size (nblock, pixels)
     * Could make bsize a parameter to allow more efficient
     * compression of short & byte images.
     */

/*    bsize = 2; */
    
/*    nblock = 32; now an input parameter */
    /*
     * From bsize derive:
     * FSBITS = # bits required to store FS
     * FSMAX = maximum value for FS
     * BBITS = bits/pixel for direct coding
     */

/*
    switch (bsize) {
    case 1:
	fsbits = 3;
	fsmax = 6;
	break;
    case 2:
	fsbits = 4;
	fsmax = 14;
	break;
    case 4:
	fsbits = 5;
	fsmax = 25;
	break;
    default:
        ffpmsg("rdecomp: bsize must be 1, 2, or 4 bytes");
	return 1;
    }
*/

    /* move out of switch block, to tweak performance */
    fsbits = 4;
    fsmax = 14;

    bbits = 1<> nbits) - 1;

	b &= (1< nx) imax = nx;
	if (fs<0) {
	    /* low-entropy case, all zero differences */
	    for ( ; i= 0; k -= 8) {
		    b = *c++;
		    diff |= b<0) {
		    b = *c++;
		    diff |= b>>(-k);
		    b &= (1<>1;
		} else {
		    diff = ~(diff>>1);
		}
		array[i] = diff+lastpix;
		lastpix = array[i];
	    }
	} else {
	    /* normal case, Rice coding */
	    for ( ; i>nbits);
		b &= (1<>1;
		} else {
		    diff = ~(diff>>1);
		}
		array[i] = diff+lastpix;
		lastpix = array[i];
	    }
	}
	if (c > cend) {
            ffpmsg("decompression error: hit end of compressed byte stream");
	    return 1;
	}
    }
    if (c < cend) {
        ffpmsg("decompression warning: unused bytes at end of compressed buffer");
    }
    return 0;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* this routine used to be called 'rdecomp'  (WDP)  */

int fits_rdecomp_byte (unsigned char *c,		/* input buffer			*/
	     int clen,			/* length of input		*/
	     unsigned char array[],  	/* output array			*/
	     int nx,			/* number of output pixels	*/
	     int nblock)		/* coding block size		*/
{
int i, imax;
/* int bsize; */
int k;
int nbits, nzero, fs;
unsigned char *cend;
unsigned int b, diff, lastpix;
int fsmax, fsbits, bbits;
extern const int nonzero_count[];

   /*
     * Original size of each pixel (bsize, bytes) and coding block
     * size (nblock, pixels)
     * Could make bsize a parameter to allow more efficient
     * compression of short & byte images.
     */

/*    bsize = 1; */
    
/*    nblock = 32; now an input parameter */
    /*
     * From bsize derive:
     * FSBITS = # bits required to store FS
     * FSMAX = maximum value for FS
     * BBITS = bits/pixel for direct coding
     */

/*
    switch (bsize) {
    case 1:
	fsbits = 3;
	fsmax = 6;
	break;
    case 2:
	fsbits = 4;
	fsmax = 14;
	break;
    case 4:
	fsbits = 5;
	fsmax = 25;
	break;
    default:
        ffpmsg("rdecomp: bsize must be 1, 2, or 4 bytes");
	return 1;
    }
*/

    /* move out of switch block, to tweak performance */
    fsbits = 3;
    fsmax = 6;

    bbits = 1<> nbits) - 1;

	b &= (1< nx) imax = nx;
	if (fs<0) {
	    /* low-entropy case, all zero differences */
	    for ( ; i= 0; k -= 8) {
		    b = *c++;
		    diff |= b<0) {
		    b = *c++;
		    diff |= b>>(-k);
		    b &= (1<>1;
		} else {
		    diff = ~(diff>>1);
		}
		array[i] = diff+lastpix;
		lastpix = array[i];
	    }
	} else {
	    /* normal case, Rice coding */
	    for ( ; i>nbits);
		b &= (1<>1;
		} else {
		    diff = ~(diff>>1);
		}
		array[i] = diff+lastpix;
		lastpix = array[i];
	    }
	}
	if (c > cend) {
            ffpmsg("decompression error: hit end of compressed byte stream");
	    return 1;
	}
    }
    if (c < cend) {
        ffpmsg("decompression warning: unused bytes at end of compressed buffer");
    }
    return 0;
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/vmsieee.c0000644000225700000360000000730613472024437014262 0ustar  cagordonlhea#include 
#include 

unsigned long CVT$CONVERT_FLOAT();

/* IEEVPAKR -- Pack a native floating point vector into an IEEE one.
*/
void ieevpr (unsigned int *native, unsigned int *ieee, int *nelem)
{
        unsigned long status;
        unsigned long options;
        unsigned int *unanval;
        int nanval = -1;
        int     i,n;

        unanval = (unsigned int *) &nanval;
        options = CVT$M_BIG_ENDIAN;
        
        n = *nelem;
        status = CVT$_NORMAL;

        for (i = 0; i < n ; i++) {

            status = CVT$CONVERT_FLOAT (&native[i], CVT$K_VAX_F,
                                        &ieee[i], CVT$K_IEEE_S, 
                                        options);
           if (status != CVT$_NORMAL) {
                 ieee[i] = *unanval;
           }
        }       

}
/* IEEVPAKD -- Pack a native double floating point vector into an IEEE one.
*/
void ieevpd (unsigned long *native, unsigned long *ieee, int *nelem)
{
        unsigned long status;
        unsigned long options;
        unsigned long *unanval;
        long nanval = -1;
        int     i,n;

        unanval = (unsigned long *) &nanval;
        options = CVT$M_BIG_ENDIAN;
        
        n = *nelem * 2;
        status = CVT$_NORMAL;

        for (i = 0; i < n ; i=i+2) {

            status = CVT$CONVERT_FLOAT (&native[i], CVT$K_VAX_D,
                                        &ieee[i], CVT$K_IEEE_T, 
                                        options);
           if (status != CVT$_NORMAL) {
                 ieee[i]   = *unanval;
                 ieee[i+1] = *unanval;
           }
        }       

}
/* IEEVUPKR -- Unpack an ieee vector into native single floating point vector.
*/
void ieevur (unsigned int *ieee, unsigned int *native, int *nelem)
{
        unsigned long status;
        unsigned long options;
        unsigned int *unanval;
        int nanval = -1;
        int     j,n;

        unanval = (unsigned int *) &nanval;
        options = CVT$M_ERR_UNDERFLOW+CVT$M_BIG_ENDIAN;
        
        n = *nelem;

        status = CVT$_NORMAL;

        for (j = 0; j < n ; j++) {
           status = CVT$CONVERT_FLOAT (&ieee[j], CVT$K_IEEE_S,
                                        &native[j], CVT$K_VAX_F, 
                                        options);
           if (status != CVT$_NORMAL)
              switch(status) {
              case CVT$_INVVAL:
              case CVT$_NEGINF:
              case CVT$_OVERFLOW:
              case CVT$_POSINF:
                 native[j]   = *unanval;
                 break;
              default:
                 native[j] = 0;             
              }
        }
}
/* IEEVUPKD -- Unpack an ieee vector into native double floating point vector.
*/
void ieevud (unsigned long *ieee, unsigned long *native, int *nelem)
{
        unsigned long status;
        unsigned long options;
        unsigned long *unanval;
        long nanval = -1;
        int     j,n;

        unanval = (unsigned long *) &nanval;
        options = CVT$M_BIG_ENDIAN + CVT$M_ERR_UNDERFLOW; 
        
        n = *nelem * 2;

        status = CVT$_NORMAL;

        for (j = 0; j < n ; j=j+2) {
           status = CVT$CONVERT_FLOAT (&ieee[j], CVT$K_IEEE_T,
                                        &native[j], CVT$K_VAX_D, 
                                        options);
           if (status != CVT$_NORMAL)
              switch(status) {
              case CVT$_INVVAL:
              case CVT$_NEGINF:
              case CVT$_OVERFLOW:
              case CVT$_POSINF:
                 native[j]   = *unanval;
                 native[j+1] = *unanval;
                 break;
              default:
                 native[j]   = 0;             
                 native[j+1] = 0;             
              }
        }
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/iter_a.fit0000644000225700000360000037510013472024437014430 0ustar  cagordonlheaSIMPLE  =                    T / file does conform to FITS standard             BITPIX  =                   16 / number of bits per data pixel                  NAXIS   =                    0 / number of data axes                            EXTEND  =                    T / FITS dataset may contain extensions            COMMENT   FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) format defined in Astronomy andCOMMENT   Astrophysics Supplement Series v44/p363, v44/p371, v73/p359, v73/p365.COMMENT   Contact the NASA Science Office of Standards and Technology for the   COMMENT   FITS Definition document #100 and other FITS information.             HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE on file ratefile.fits                                    HISTORY   fmerge3.1c at 29/12/97 16:1:37.                                       HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE on file m1.fits                                          HISTORY   fmerge3.1c at 29/12/97 16:2:30.                                       HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE on file m3.fits                                          HISTORY   fmerge3.1c at 29/12/97 16:3:38.                                       HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE on file m5.fits                                          HISTORY   fmerge3.1c at 29/12/97 16:4:15.                                       HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE on file m7.fits                                          HISTORY   fmerge3.1c at 29/12/97 16:5:1.0                                       HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE on file m9.fits                                          HISTORY   fmerge3.1c at 29/12/97 16:6:48.                                       END                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             XTENSION= 'BINTABLE'           / binary table extension                         BITPIX  =                    8 / 8-bit bytes                                    NAXIS   =                    2 / 2-dimensional binary table                     NAXIS1  =                   12 / width of table in bytes                        NAXIS2  =                10000 / number of rows in table                        PCOUNT  =                    0 / size of special data area                      GCOUNT  =                    1 / one data group (required keyword)              TFIELDS =                    3 / number of fields in each row                   TTYPE1  = 'Counts  '           / label for field   1                            TFORM1  = 'J       '           / data format of field: 4-byte INTEGER           TTYPE2  = 'Time    '           / label for field   2                            TFORM2  = 'E       '           / data format of field: 4-byte REAL              TTYPE3  = 'Rate    '           / label for field   3                            TFORM3  = 'E       '           / data format of field: 4-byte REAL              EXTNAME = 'rate    '           / name of this binary table extension            DEADTIME=                  1.0                                                  HISTORY   This FITS file was created by the FCREATE task.                       HISTORY   fcreate3.1 at 29/12/97                                                HISTORY   File modified by user 'pence' with fv  on 97-12-29T15:45:06           HISTORY   File modified by user 'pence' with fv  on 97-12-29T15:54:30           LIVETIME=              30554.5 / total integration time                         HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE copied   26924 rows from file ratefile.fits              HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE appended   26924 rows from file r2.fits                  HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE copied   53848 rows from file m1.fits                    HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE appended   53848 rows from file m2.fits                  HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE copied  107696 rows from file m3.fits                    HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE appended  107696 rows from file m4.fits                  HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE copied  215392 rows from file m5.fits                    HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE appended  215392 rows from file m6.fits                  HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE copied  430784 rows from file m7.fits                    HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE appended  430784 rows from file m8.fits                  HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE copied  861568 rows from file m9.fits                    HISTORY    TASK:FMERGE appended  861568 rows from file m10.fits                 HISTORY   File modified by user 'pence' with fv  on 97-12-30T10:44:37           HISTORY   File modified by user 'pence' with fv  on 97-12-30T10:51:44           HISTORY   ftabcopy V4.0a copied columns from ratefile.fits                      HISTORY   ftabcopy V4.0a at 5/1/98 23:10:24                                     END                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
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?€A @@°?€@ cfitsio-4.3.1/getkey.c0000644000225700000360000040553414456514035014123 0ustar  cagordonlhea/*  This file, getkey.c, contains routines that read keywords from         */
/*  a FITS header.                                                         */

/*  The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy    */
/*  Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA      */
/*  Goddard Space Flight Center.                                           */

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
/* stddef.h is apparently needed to define size_t */
#include 
#include "fitsio2.h"

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffghsp(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                     */
           int *nexist,     /* O - number of existing keywords in header */
           int *nmore,      /* O - how many more keywords will fit       */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                         */
/*
  returns the number of existing keywords (not counting the END keyword)
  and the number of more keyword that will fit in the current header 
  without having to insert more FITS blocks.
*/
{
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);

    if (nexist)
        *nexist = (int) (( ((fptr->Fptr)->headend) - 
                ((fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu]) ) / 80);

    if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
    {
      if (nmore)
        *nmore = -1;   /* data not written yet, so room for any keywords */
    }
    else
    {
      /* calculate space available between the data and the END card */
      if (nmore)
        *nmore = (int) (((fptr->Fptr)->datastart - (fptr->Fptr)->headend) / 80 - 1);
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffghps(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                     */
          int *nexist,     /* O - number of existing keywords in header */
          int *position,   /* O - position of next keyword to be read   */
          int *status)     /* IO - error status                         */
/*
  return the number of existing keywords and the position of the next
  keyword that will be read.
*/
{
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);

    if (nexist)
      *nexist = (int) (( ((fptr->Fptr)->headend) - ((fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu]) ) / 80);

    if (position)
      *position = (int) (( ((fptr->Fptr)->nextkey) - ((fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu]) ) / 80 + 1);

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffnchk(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                     */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                         */
/*
  function returns the position of the first null character (ASCII 0), if
  any, in the current header.  Null characters are illegal, but the other
  CFITSIO routines that read the header will not detect this error, because
  the null gets interpreted as a normal end of string character.
*/
{
    long ii, nblock;
    LONGLONG bytepos;
    int length, nullpos;
    char block[2881];
    
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);

    if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
    {
        return(0);  /* Don't check a file that is just being created.  */
                    /* It cannot contain nulls since CFITSIO wrote it. */
    }
    else
    {
        /* calculate number of blocks in the header */
        nblock = (long) (( (fptr->Fptr)->datastart - 
                   (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu] ) / 2880);
    }

    bytepos = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu];
    ffmbyt(fptr, bytepos, REPORT_EOF, status);  /* move to read pos. */

    block[2880] = '\0';
    for (ii = 0; ii < nblock; ii++)
    {
        if (ffgbyt(fptr, 2880, block, status) > 0)
            return(0);   /* read error of some sort */

        length = strlen(block);
        if (length != 2880)
        {
            nullpos = (ii * 2880) + length + 1;
            return(nullpos);
        }
    }

    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffmaky(fitsfile *fptr,    /* I - FITS file pointer                    */
          int nrec,           /* I - one-based keyword number to move to  */
          int *status)        /* IO - error status                        */
{
/*
  move pointer to the specified absolute keyword position.  E.g. this keyword 
  will then be read by the next call to ffgnky.
*/
    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);

    (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey = (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu] + ( (nrec - 1) * 80);

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffmrky(fitsfile *fptr,    /* I - FITS file pointer                   */
          int nmove,          /* I - relative number of keywords to move */
          int *status)        /* IO - error status                       */
{
/*
  move pointer to the specified keyword position relative to the current
  position.  E.g. this keyword  will then be read by the next call to ffgnky.
*/

    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);

    (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey += (nmove * 80);

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgnky(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer     */
           char *card,      /* O - card string           */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status         */
/*
  read the next keyword from the header - used internally by cfitsio
*/
{
    int jj, nrec;
    LONGLONG bytepos, endhead;
    char message[FLEN_ERRMSG];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);

    card[0] = '\0';  /* make sure card is terminated, even affer read error */

/*
  Check that nextkey points to a legal keyword position.  Note that headend
  is the current end of the header, i.e., the position where a new keyword
  would be appended, however, if there are more than 1 FITS block worth of
  blank keywords at the end of the header (36 keywords per 2880 byte block)
  then the actual physical END card must be located at a starting position
  which is just 2880 bytes prior to the start of the data unit.
*/

    bytepos = (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey;
    endhead = maxvalue( ((fptr->Fptr)->headend), ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart - 2880) );

    /* nextkey must be < endhead and > than  headstart */
    if (bytepos > endhead ||  
        bytepos < (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu] ) 
    {
        nrec= (int) ((bytepos - (fptr->Fptr)->headstart[(fptr->Fptr)->curhdu]) / 80 + 1);
        snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Cannot get keyword number %d.  It does not exist.",
                nrec);
        ffpmsg(message);
        return(*status = KEY_OUT_BOUNDS);
    }
      
    ffmbyt(fptr, bytepos, REPORT_EOF, status);  /* move to read pos. */

    card[80] = '\0';  /* make sure card is terminate, even if ffgbyt fails */

    if (ffgbyt(fptr, 80, card, status) <= 0) 
    {
        (fptr->Fptr)->nextkey += 80;   /* increment pointer to next keyword */

        /* strip off trailing blanks with terminated string */
        jj = 79;
        while (jj >= 0 && card[jj] == ' ')
               jj--;

        card[jj + 1] = '\0';
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgnxk( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer              */
            char **inclist,     /* I - list of included keyword names */
            int ninc,           /* I - number of names in inclist     */
            char **exclist,     /* I - list of excluded keyword names */
            int nexc,           /* I - number of names in exclist     */
            char *card,         /* O - first matching keyword         */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status                  */
/*
    Return the next keyword that matches one of the names in inclist
    but does not match any of the names in exclist.  The search
    goes from the current position to the end of the header, only.
    Wild card characters may be used in the name lists ('*', '?' and '#').
*/
{
    int casesn, match, exact, namelen;
    long ii, jj;
    char keybuf[FLEN_CARD], keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD];

    card[0] = '\0';
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    casesn = FALSE;

    /* get next card, and return with an error if hit end of header */
    while( ffgcrd(fptr, "*", keybuf, status) <= 0)
    {
        ffgknm(keybuf, keyname, &namelen, status); /* get the keyword name */
        
        /* does keyword match any names in the include list? */
        for (ii = 0; ii < ninc; ii++)
        {
            ffcmps(inclist[ii], keyname, casesn, &match, &exact);
            if (match)
            {
                /* does keyword match any names in the exclusion list? */
                jj = -1;
                while ( ++jj < nexc )
                {
                    ffcmps(exclist[jj], keyname, casesn, &match, &exact);
                    if (match)
                        break;
                }

                if (jj >= nexc)
                {
                    /* not in exclusion list, so return this keyword */
                    strcat(card, keybuf);
                    return(*status);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgky( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer        */
           int  datatype,      /* I - datatype of the value    */
           const char *keyname,      /* I - name of keyword to read  */
           void *value,        /* O - keyword value            */
           char *comm,         /* O - keyword comment          */
           int  *status)       /* IO - error status            */
/*
  Read (get) the keyword value and comment from the FITS header.
  Reads a keyword value with the datatype specified by the 2nd argument.
*/
{
    LONGLONG longval;
    ULONGLONG ulongval;
    double doubleval;

    if (*status > 0)           /* inherit input status value if > 0 */
        return(*status);

    if (datatype == TSTRING)
    {
        ffgkys(fptr, keyname, (char *) value, comm, status);
    }
    else if (datatype == TBYTE)
    {
        if (ffgkyjj(fptr, keyname, &longval, comm, status) <= 0)
        {
            if (longval > UCHAR_MAX || longval < 0)
                *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
            else
                *(unsigned char *) value = (unsigned char) longval;
        }
    }
    else if (datatype == TSBYTE)
    {
        if (ffgkyjj(fptr, keyname, &longval, comm, status) <= 0)
        {
            if (longval > 127 || longval < -128)
                *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
            else
                *(signed char *) value = (signed char) longval;
        }
    }
    else if (datatype == TUSHORT)
    {
        if (ffgkyjj(fptr, keyname, &longval, comm, status) <= 0)
        {
            if (longval > (unsigned short) USHRT_MAX || longval < 0)
                *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
            else
                *(unsigned short *) value = (unsigned short) longval;
        }
    }
    else if (datatype == TSHORT)
    {
        if (ffgkyjj(fptr, keyname, &longval, comm, status) <= 0)
        {
            if (longval > SHRT_MAX || longval < SHRT_MIN)
                *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
            else
                *(short *) value = (short) longval;
        }
    }
    else if (datatype == TUINT)
    {
        if (ffgkyjj(fptr, keyname, &longval, comm, status) <= 0)
        {
            if (longval > (unsigned int) UINT_MAX || longval < 0)
                *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
            else
                *(unsigned int *) value = longval;
        }
    }
    else if (datatype == TINT)
    {
        if (ffgkyjj(fptr, keyname, &longval, comm, status) <= 0)
        {
            if (longval > INT_MAX || longval < INT_MIN)
                *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
            else
                *(int *) value = longval;
        }
    }
    else if (datatype == TLOGICAL)
    {
        ffgkyl(fptr, keyname, (int *) value, comm, status);
    }
    else if (datatype == TULONG)
    {
        if (ffgkyujj(fptr, keyname, &ulongval, comm, status) <= 0)
        {
            if (ulongval > ULONG_MAX)
                *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
            else
                 *(unsigned long *) value = ulongval;
        }
    }
    else if (datatype == TLONG)
    {
        if (ffgkyjj(fptr, keyname, &longval, comm, status) <= 0)
        {
            if (longval > LONG_MAX || longval < LONG_MIN)
                *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
            else
                *(int *) value = longval;
        }
        ffgkyj(fptr, keyname, (long *) value, comm, status);
    }
    else if (datatype == TULONGLONG)
    {
        ffgkyujj(fptr, keyname, (ULONGLONG *) value, comm, status);
    }
    else if (datatype == TLONGLONG)
    {
        ffgkyjj(fptr, keyname, (LONGLONG *) value, comm, status);
    }
    else if (datatype == TFLOAT)
    {
        ffgkye(fptr, keyname, (float *) value, comm, status);
    }
    else if (datatype == TDOUBLE)
    {
        ffgkyd(fptr, keyname, (double *) value, comm, status);
    }
    else if (datatype == TCOMPLEX)
    {
        ffgkyc(fptr, keyname, (float *) value, comm, status);
    }
    else if (datatype == TDBLCOMPLEX)
    {
        ffgkym(fptr, keyname, (double *) value, comm, status);
    }
    else
        *status = BAD_DATATYPE;

    return(*status);
} 
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkey( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer        */
            const char *keyname,      /* I - name of keyword to read  */
            char *keyval,       /* O - keyword value            */
            char *comm,         /* O - keyword comment          */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status            */
/*
  Read (get) the named keyword, returning the keyword value and comment.
  The value is just the literal string of characters in the value field
  of the keyword.  In the case of a string valued keyword, the returned
  value includes the leading and closing quote characters.  The value may be
  up to 70 characters long, and the comment may be up to 72 characters long.
  If the keyword has no value (no equal sign in column 9) then a null value
  is returned.
*/
{
    char card[FLEN_CARD];

    keyval[0] = '\0';
    if (comm)
       comm[0] = '\0';

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (ffgcrd(fptr, keyname, card, status) > 0)    /* get the 80-byte card */
        return(*status);

    ffpsvc(card, keyval, comm, status);      /* parse the value and comment */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgrec( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer          */
            int nrec,           /* I - number of keyword to read  */
            char *card,         /* O - keyword card               */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status              */
/*
  Read (get) the nrec-th keyword, returning the entire keyword card up to
  80 characters long.  The first keyword in the header has nrec = 1, not 0.
  The returned card value is null terminated with any trailing blank 
  characters removed.  If nrec = 0, then this routine simply moves the
  current header pointer to the top of the header.
*/
{
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (nrec == 0)
    {
        ffmaky(fptr, 1, status);  /* simply move to beginning of header */
        if (card)
            card[0] = '\0';           /* and return null card */
    }
    else if (nrec > 0)
    {
        ffmaky(fptr, nrec, status);
        ffgnky(fptr, card, status);
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcrd( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer        */
            const char *name,         /* I - name of keyword to read  */
            char *card,         /* O - keyword card             */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status            */
/*
  Read (get) the named keyword, returning the entire keyword card up to
  80 characters long.  
  The returned card value is null terminated with any trailing blank 
  characters removed.

  If the input name contains wild cards ('?' matches any single char
  and '*' matches any sequence of chars, # matches any string of decimal
  digits) then the search ends once the end of header is reached and does 
  not automatically resume from the top of the header.
*/
{
    int nkeys, nextkey, ntodo, namelen, namelen_limit, namelenminus1, cardlen;
    int ii = 0, jj, kk, wild, match, exact, hier = 0;
    char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], cardname[FLEN_KEYWORD];
    char *ptr1, *ptr2, *gotstar;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    *keyname = '\0';
    
    while (name[ii] == ' ')  /* skip leading blanks in name */
        ii++;

    strncat(keyname, &name[ii], FLEN_KEYWORD - 1);

    namelen = strlen(keyname);

    while (namelen > 0 && keyname[namelen - 1] == ' ')
         namelen--;            /* ignore trailing blanks in name */

    keyname[namelen] = '\0';  /* terminate the name */

    for (ii=0; ii < namelen; ii++)       
        keyname[ii] = toupper(keyname[ii]);    /*  make upper case  */

    if (FSTRNCMP("HIERARCH", keyname, 8) == 0)
    {
        if (namelen == 8)
        {
            /* special case: just looking for any HIERARCH keyword */
            hier = 1;
        }
        else
        {
            /* ignore the leading HIERARCH and look for the 'real' name */
            /* starting with first non-blank character following HIERARCH */
            ptr1 = keyname;
            ptr2 = &keyname[8];

            while(*ptr2 == ' ')
                ptr2++;

            namelen = 0;
            while(*ptr2)
            {
                *ptr1 = *ptr2;
                 ptr1++;
                 ptr2++;
                 namelen++;
            }
            *ptr1 = '\0';
        }
    }

    /* does input name contain wild card chars?  ('?',  '*', or '#') */
    /* wild cards are currently not supported with HIERARCH keywords */

    namelen_limit = namelen;
    gotstar = 0;
    if (namelen < 9 && 
       (strchr(keyname,'?') || (gotstar = strchr(keyname,'*')) || 
        strchr(keyname,'#')) )
    {
        wild = 1;

        /* if we found a '*' wild card in the name, there might be */
        /* more than one.  Support up to 2 '*' in the template. */
        /* Thus we need to compare keywords whose names have at least */
        /* namelen - 2 characters.                                   */
        if (gotstar)
           namelen_limit -= 2;           
    }
    else
        wild = 0;

    ffghps(fptr, &nkeys, &nextkey, status); /* get no. keywords and position */

    namelenminus1 = maxvalue(namelen - 1, 1);
    ntodo = nkeys - nextkey + 1;  /* first, read from next keyword to end */
    for (jj=0; jj < 2; jj++)
    {
      for (kk = 0; kk < ntodo; kk++)
      {
        ffgnky(fptr, card, status);     /* get next keyword */

        if (hier)
        {
           if (FSTRNCMP("HIERARCH", card, 8) == 0)
                return(*status);  /* found a HIERARCH keyword */
        }
        else
        {
          ffgknm(card, cardname, &cardlen, status); /* get the keyword name */

          if (cardlen >= namelen_limit)  /* can't match if card < name */
          { 
            /* if there are no wild cards, lengths must be the same */
            if (!( !wild && cardlen != namelen) )
            {
              for (ii=0; ii < cardlen; ii++)
              {    
                /* make sure keyword is in uppercase */
                if (cardname[ii] > 96)
                {
                  /* This assumes the ASCII character set in which */
                  /* upper case characters start at ASCII(97)  */
                  /* Timing tests showed that this is 20% faster */
                  /* than calling the isupper function.          */

                  cardname[ii] = toupper(cardname[ii]);  /* make upper case */
                }
              }

              if (wild)
              {
                ffcmps(keyname, cardname, 1, &match, &exact);
                if (match)
                    return(*status); /* found a matching keyword */
              }
              else if (keyname[namelenminus1] == cardname[namelenminus1])
              {
                /* test the last character of the keyword name first, on */
                /* the theory that it is less likely to match then the first */
                /* character since many keywords begin with 'T', for example */

                if (FSTRNCMP(keyname, cardname, namelenminus1) == 0)
                {
                  return(*status);   /* found the matching keyword */
                }
              }
	      else if (namelen == 0 && cardlen == 0)
	      {
	         /* matched a blank keyword */
		 return(*status);
	      }
            }
          }
        }
      }

      if (wild || jj == 1)
            break;  /* stop at end of header if template contains wildcards */

      ffmaky(fptr, 1, status);  /* reset pointer to beginning of header */
      ntodo = nextkey - 1;      /* number of keyword to read */ 
    }

    return(*status = KEY_NO_EXIST);  /* couldn't find the keyword */
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgstr( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer        */
            const char *string, /* I - string to match  */
            char *card,         /* O - keyword card             */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status            */
/*
  Read (get) the next keyword record that contains the input character string,
  returning the entire keyword card up to 80 characters long.
  The returned card value is null terminated with any trailing blank 
  characters removed.
*/
{
    int nkeys, nextkey, ntodo, stringlen;
    int jj, kk;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    stringlen = strlen(string);
    if (stringlen > 80) {
        return(*status = KEY_NO_EXIST);  /* matching string is too long to exist */
    }

    ffghps(fptr, &nkeys, &nextkey, status); /* get no. keywords and position */
    ntodo = nkeys - nextkey + 1;  /* first, read from next keyword to end */

    for (jj=0; jj < 2; jj++)
    {
      for (kk = 0; kk < ntodo; kk++)
      {
        ffgnky(fptr, card, status);     /* get next keyword */
        if (strstr(card, string) != 0) {
            return(*status);   /* found the matching string */
        }
      }

      ffmaky(fptr, 1, status);  /* reset pointer to beginning of header */
      ntodo = nextkey - 1;      /* number of keyword to read */ 
    }

    return(*status = KEY_NO_EXIST);  /* couldn't find the keyword */
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgknm( char *card,         /* I - keyword card                   */
            char *name,         /* O - name of the keyword            */
            int *length,        /* O - length of the keyword name     */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status                  */

/*
  Return the name of the keyword, and the name length.  This supports the
  ESO HIERARCH convention where keyword names may be > 8 characters long.
*/
{
    char *ptr1, *ptr2;
    int ii, namelength;

    namelength = FLEN_KEYWORD - 1;
    *name = '\0';
    *length = 0;

    /* support for ESO HIERARCH keywords; find the '=' */
    if (FSTRNCMP(card, "HIERARCH ", 9) == 0)
    {
        ptr2 = strchr(card, '=');

        if (!ptr2)   /* no value indicator ??? */
        {
            /* this probably indicates an error, so just return FITS name */
            strcat(name, "HIERARCH");
            *length = 8;
            return(*status);
        }

        /* find the start and end of the HIERARCH name */
        ptr1 = &card[9];
        while (*ptr1 == ' ')   /* skip spaces */
            ptr1++;

        strncat(name, ptr1, ptr2 - ptr1);
        ii = ptr2 - ptr1;

        while (ii > 0 && name[ii - 1] == ' ')  /* remove trailing spaces */
            ii--;

        name[ii] = '\0';
        *length = ii;
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < namelength; ii++)
        {
           /* look for string terminator, or a blank */
           if (*(card+ii) != ' ' && *(card+ii) != '=' && *(card+ii) !='\0')
           {
               *(name+ii) = *(card+ii);
           }
           else
           {
               name[ii] = '\0';
               *length = ii;
               return(*status);
           }
        }

        /* if we got here, keyword is namelength characters long */
        name[namelength] = '\0';
        *length = namelength;
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgunt( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer         */
            const char *keyname,      /* I - name of keyword to read   */
            char *unit,         /* O - keyword units             */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status             */
/*
    Read (get) the units string from the comment field of the existing
    keyword. This routine uses a local FITS convention (not defined in the
    official FITS standard) in which the units are enclosed in 
    square brackets following the '/' comment field delimiter, e.g.:

    KEYWORD =                   12 / [kpc] comment string goes here
*/
{
    char valstring[FLEN_VALUE];
    char comm[FLEN_COMMENT];
    char *loc;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    ffgkey(fptr, keyname, valstring, comm, status);  /* read the keyword */

    if (comm[0] == '[')
    {
        loc = strchr(comm, ']');   /*  find the closing bracket */
        if (loc)
            *loc = '\0';           /*  terminate the string */

        strcpy(unit, &comm[1]);    /*  copy the string */
     }
     else
        unit[0] = '\0';
 
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkys( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer         */
            const char *keyname,      /* I - name of keyword to read   */
            char *value,        /* O - keyword value             */
            char *comm,         /* O - keyword comment           */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status             */
/*
  Get KeYword with a String value:
  Read (get) a simple string valued keyword.  The returned value may be up to 
  68 chars long ( + 1 null terminator char).  The routine does not support the
  HEASARC convention for continuing long string values over multiple keywords.
  The ffgkls routine may be used to read long continued strings. The returned
  comment string may be up to 69 characters long (including null terminator).
*/
{
    char valstring[FLEN_VALUE];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    ffgkey(fptr, keyname, valstring, comm, status);  /* read the keyword */
    value[0] = '\0';
    ffc2s(valstring, value, status);   /* remove quotes from string */
 
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgksl( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer             */
           const char *keyname, /* I - name of keyword to read       */
           int *length,         /* O - length of the string value    */
           int  *status)        /* IO - error status                 */
/*
  Get the length of the keyword value string.
  This routine explicitly supports the CONTINUE convention for long string values.
*/
{
    int dummy=0;
    
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);
 
    ffgkcsl(fptr, keyname, length, &dummy, status);
    
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkcsl( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer             */
           const char *keyname, /* I - name of keyword to read       */
           int *length,         /* O - length of the string value    */
           int *comlength,      /* O - length of comment string      */
           int  *status)        /* IO - error status                 */
/*
  Get the length of the keyword value string and comment string.
  This routine explicitly supports the CONTINUE convention for long string values.
*/
{
   if (*status > 0)
      return(*status);
      
   ffglkut(fptr, keyname, 0, 0, 0, (char *)0, length, (char *)0,
           comlength, status); 
       
   return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkls( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer             */
           const char *keyname, /* I - name of keyword to read       */
           char **value,        /* O - pointer to keyword value      */
           char *comm,          /* O - keyword comment (may be NULL) */
           int  *status)        /* IO - error status                 */
/*
  This is the original routine for reading long string keywords that use
  the CONTINUE keyword convention.  In 2016 a new routine called
  ffgsky / fits_read_string_key was added, which may provide a more 
  convenient user interface  for most applications.

  Get Keyword with possible Long String value:
  Read (get) the named keyword, returning the value and comment.
  The returned value string may be arbitrarily long (by using the HEASARC
  convention for continuing long string values over multiple keywords) so
  this routine allocates the required memory for the returned string value.
  It is up to the calling routine to free the memory once it is finished
  with the value string.  The returned comment string may be up to 69
  characters long.
*/
{
    char valstring[FLEN_VALUE], nextcomm[FLEN_COMMENT], card[FLEN_CARD];
    int contin, commSpace = 0, addCommDelim=0, keynum=0;
    size_t len;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    *value = NULL;  /* initialize a null pointer in case of error */
    card[0] = '\0';
    if (comm)
       comm[0] = '\0';
    ffgcrd(fptr, keyname, card, status);
    if (*status > 0)
       return(*status);
    if (strlen(card) < FLEN_CARD-1)
       addCommDelim=1;
    ffpsvc(card,valstring, comm, status);    
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (comm)
    {
        /* remaining space in comment string */
        commSpace = FLEN_COMMENT-1 - strlen(comm);
    }
    
    if (!valstring[0])   /* null value string? */
    {
      *value = (char *) malloc(1);  /* allocate and return a null string */
      **value = '\0';
    }
    else
    {
      /* allocate space,  plus 1 for null */
      *value = (char *) malloc(strlen(valstring) + 1);

      ffc2s(valstring, *value, status);   /* convert string to value */
      len = strlen(*value);

      /* If last character is a & then value may be continued on next keyword */
      contin = 1;
      while (contin)  
      {
        if (len && *(*value+len-1) == '&')  /*  is last char an ampersand?  */
        {
            valstring[0] = '\0';
            nextcomm[0] = '\0';
            ffgcnt(fptr, valstring, nextcomm, status);
            if (*valstring || *nextcomm) /* If either valstring or nextcom
                                  is filled, this must be a CONTINUE line */
            {
               *(*value+len-1) = '\0'; /* erase the trailing & char */
               if (*valstring)    
               {
                  len += strlen(valstring) - 1;
                  *value = (char *) realloc(*value, len + 1); /* increase size */
                  strcat(*value, valstring);     /* append the continued chars */
               }
               if (*nextcomm)
               {
	          if ((commSpace > 0) && (*nextcomm != 0)) 
	          {
                      /* If in here, input 'comm' cannot be 0 */
                      /* concantenate comment strings (if any) */
                      if (strlen(comm) && addCommDelim)
                      {
                         strcat(comm, " ");
                         commSpace -=1;
                      }
		      strncat(comm, nextcomm, commSpace);
                      commSpace = FLEN_COMMENT-1 - strlen(comm);
                  }
               }
               /* Determine if a space delimiter is needed for next
                  comment concatenation (if any).  Assume it is if card length
                  of the most recently read keyword is less than max. 
                  keynum is 1-based. */
               ffghps(fptr,0,&keynum,status);
               ffgrec(fptr, keynum-1, card, status);
               addCommDelim = (strlen(card) < FLEN_CARD-1) ? 1 : 0;
            }
            else
	    {
                contin = 0;
            }

        }
        else
	{
            contin = 0;
	}
      }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgsky( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer             */
           const char *keyname, /* I - name of keyword to read       */
           int firstchar,       /* I - first character of string to return */
           int maxchar,         /* I - maximum length of string to return */
	                        /*    (string will be null terminated)  */      
           char *value,         /* O - pointer to keyword value      */
           int *valuelen,       /* O - total length of the keyword value string */
                                /*     The returned 'value' string may only */
				/*     contain a piece of the total string, depending */
				/*     on the value of firstchar and maxchar */
           char *comm,          /* O - keyword comment (may be NULL) */
           int  *status)        /* IO - error status                 */
/*
  Read and return the value of the specified string-valued keyword.
  
  This new routine was added in 2016 to provide a more convenient user
  interface than the older ffgkls routine.

  Read a string keyword, returning up to 'naxchars' characters of the value
  starting with the 'firstchar' character.
  The input 'value' string must be allocated at least 1 char bigger to
  allow for the terminating null character.
  
  This routine may be used to read continued string keywords that use 
  the CONTINUE keyword convention, as well as normal string keywords
  that are contained within a single header record.
  
  This routine differs from the ffkls routine in that it does not
  internally allocate memory for the returned value string, and consequently
  the calling routine does not need to call fffree to free the memory.
*/
{
    char valstring[FLEN_VALUE], nextcomm[FLEN_COMMENT], card[FLEN_CARD];
    char *tempstring;
    int contin, commSpace = 0, addCommDelim=0, keynum=0;
    size_t len;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    tempstring = NULL;  /* initialize in case of error */
    *value = '\0';
    if (valuelen) *valuelen = 0;
    
    card[0] = '\0';
    if (comm)
       comm[0] = '\0';
    ffgcrd(fptr, keyname, card, status);
    if (*status > 0)
       return(*status);
    if (strlen(card) < FLEN_CARD-1)
       addCommDelim=1;
    ffpsvc(card,valstring, comm, status);    
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (comm)
    {
        /* remaining space in comment string */
        commSpace = FLEN_COMMENT-1 - strlen(comm);
    }
    
    if (!valstring[0])   /* null value string? */
    {
      tempstring = (char *) malloc(1);  /* allocate and return a null string */
      *tempstring = '\0';
    }
    else
    {
      /* allocate space,  plus 1 for null */
      tempstring = (char *) malloc(strlen(valstring) + 1);

      ffc2s(valstring, tempstring, status);   /* convert string to value */
      len = strlen(tempstring);

      /* If last character is a & then value may be continued on next keyword */
      contin = 1;
      while (contin && *status <= 0)  
      {
        if (len && *(tempstring+len-1) == '&')  /*  is last char an ampersand?  */
        {
            valstring[0] = '\0';
            nextcomm[0] = '\0';
            ffgcnt(fptr, valstring, nextcomm, status);
            if (*valstring || *nextcomm)  /* If either valstring or nextcom
                                  is filled, this must be a CONTINUE line */  
            {
               *(tempstring+len-1) = '\0';         /* erase the trailing & char */
               if (*valstring)
               {
                  len += strlen(valstring) - 1;
                  tempstring = (char *) realloc(tempstring, len + 1); /* increase size */
                  strcat(tempstring, valstring);     /* append the continued chars */
               }
               if (*nextcomm)
               {
	          if ((commSpace > 0) && (*nextcomm != 0)) 
	          {
                     /* If in here, input 'comm' cannot be 0 */
                     /* concantenate comment strings (if any) */
                     if (strlen(comm) && addCommDelim)
                     {
                        strcat(comm, " ");
                        commSpace -=1;
                     }
		     strncat(comm, nextcomm, commSpace);
                     commSpace = FLEN_COMMENT-1 - strlen(comm);
                  }
               }
               /* Determine if a space delimiter is needed for next
                  comment concatenation (if any).  Assume it is if card length
                  of the most recently read keyword is less than max. 
                  keynum is 1-based. */
               ffghps(fptr,0,&keynum,status);
               ffgrec(fptr, keynum-1, card, status);
               addCommDelim = (strlen(card) < FLEN_CARD-1) ? 1 : 0;
            }
            else
	    {
                contin = 0;
            }
        }
        else
	{
            contin = 0;
	}
      }
    }
    
    if (tempstring) 
    {
        len = strlen(tempstring);
	if (firstchar <= len)
            strncat(value, tempstring + (firstchar - 1), maxchar);
        free(tempstring);
	if (valuelen) *valuelen = len;  /* total length of the keyword value */
    }
    
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgskyc( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer             */
           const char *keyname, /* I - name of keyword to read       */
           int firstchar,       /* I - first character of string to return */
           int maxchar,         /* I - maximum length of string to return */
	                        /*    (string will be null terminated)  */ 
           int maxcomchar,      /* I - maximum length of comment to return */     
           char *value,         /* O - pointer to keyword value      */
           int *valuelen,       /* O - total length of the keyword value string */
                                /*     The returned 'value' string may only */
				/*     contain a piece of the total string, depending */
				/*     on the value of firstchar and maxchar */
           char *comm,          /* O - keyword comment (may be NULL) */
           int *comlen,        /* O - total length of the comment string */
           int  *status)        /* IO - error status                 */
{
   if (*status > 0)
      return(*status);

   ffglkut(fptr,keyname,firstchar,maxchar,maxcomchar,value,valuelen,
             comm,comlen,status);      
      
   return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffglkut( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer             */
           const char *keyname, /* I - name of keyword to read       */
           int firstchar,       /* I - first character of string to return */
           int maxvalchar,         /* I - maximum length of string to return */
	                        /*    (string will be null terminated)  */      
           int maxcomchar,      /* I - maximum length of comment to return */
           char *value,         /* O - pointer to keyword value (may be NULL) */
           int *valuelen,       /* O - total length of the keyword value string */
                                /*     The returned 'value' string may only */
				/*     contain a piece of the total string, depending */
				/*     on the value of firstchar and maxvalchar */
           char *comm,          /* O - keyword comment (may be NULL) */
           int *comlen,         /* O - total length of comment string */
           int  *status)        /* IO - error status                 */
{
    char valstring[FLEN_VALUE], comstring[FLEN_COMMENT], card[FLEN_CARD];
    char *dynValStr=0, *dynComStr=0;
    int contin, addCommDelim=0, keynum=0;
    int lenOnly=0, savedKeyPos=1;
    size_t len=0, lenc=0;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (maxvalchar==0 && maxcomchar==0)
       lenOnly = 1;
    
    if (value)
       *value = '\0';
    if (comm)
       *comm = '\0';
    /* If lenOnly, 'value' and 'comm' should not be accessed after this point.*/
    
    *valuelen = 0; 
    *comlen = 0;   
    card[0] = '\0';
    valstring[0] = '\0';
    comstring[0] = '\0';
       
    ffgcrd(fptr, keyname, card, status);
    if (*status > 0)
       return(*status);
    ffpsvc(card,valstring, comstring, status);    
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);
    if (strlen(card) < FLEN_CARD-1 && *comstring)
       addCommDelim=1;
        
    /* If called in lenOnly mode, there's a good chance the user will soon call
       this again to read the value string.  Therefore we'll save and later restore
       the original keyword position. */
    if (lenOnly)
    {
       ffghps(fptr, 0, &savedKeyPos, status);
       if (savedKeyPos > 1)
          savedKeyPos -= 1;
    }

    if (!valstring[0])   /* null value string? */
    {
      dynValStr = (char *) malloc(1);  /* allocate and return a null string */
      *dynValStr = '\0';      
      dynComStr = (char *)malloc(1);
      *dynComStr= '\0';
    }
    else
    {
      /* allocate space,  plus 1 for null */
      dynValStr = (char *) malloc(strlen(valstring) + 1);

      ffc2s(valstring, dynValStr, status);   /* convert string to value */
      len = strlen(dynValStr);
      
      dynComStr = (char *) malloc(strlen(comstring)+1);
      dynComStr[0]=0;
      strcpy(dynComStr, comstring);
      lenc = strlen(dynComStr);

      /* If last character is a & then value may be continued on next keyword */
      contin = 1;
      while (contin && *status <= 0)  
      {
        if (len && *(dynValStr+len-1) == '&')  /*  is last char an ampersand?  */
        {
            valstring[0] = '\0';
            comstring[0] = '\0';
            ffgcnt(fptr, valstring, comstring, status);
            if (*valstring || *comstring)  /* If either valstring or comstring
                                  is filled, this must be a CONTINUE line */  
            {
               *(dynValStr+len-1) = '\0';         /* erase the trailing & char */
               len -= 1;
               if (*valstring)
               {
                  len += strlen(valstring);
                  dynValStr = (char *) realloc(dynValStr, len + 1); /* increase size */
                  strcat(dynValStr, valstring);     /* append the continued chars */
               }
               if (*comstring)
               {
                  /* concantenate comment strings */
                  if (addCommDelim)
                  {
                     lenc += strlen(comstring) + 1;
                     dynComStr = (char *) realloc(dynComStr, lenc + 1);
                     strcat(dynComStr, " ");
                     strcat(dynComStr, comstring);
                  }
                  else
                  {
                     lenc += strlen(comstring);
                     dynComStr = (char *) realloc(dynComStr, lenc + 1);
                     strcat(dynComStr, comstring);                     
                  }
               }
               /* Determine if a space delimiter is needed for next
                  comment concatenation (if any).  Assume it is if card length
                  of the most recently read keyword is less than max. 
                  keynum is 1-based. */
               ffghps(fptr,0,&keynum,status);
               ffgrec(fptr, keynum-1, card, status);
               addCommDelim = ((strlen(card) < FLEN_CARD-1) && lenc) ? 1 : 0;
            }
            else
	    {
                contin = 0;
            }
        }
        else
	{
            contin = 0;
	}
      }
    }
    
    /* Resetting len and lenc really shouldn't be necessary here, but
       just to make sure ... */
    len = strlen(dynValStr);
    lenc = strlen(dynComStr);
    *valuelen = len;
    *comlen = lenc;
    if (lenOnly)
       ffmaky(fptr, savedKeyPos, status);
    else
    {
       if (value)
       {
          if (firstchar <= len)
             strncat(value,dynValStr+firstchar-1,maxvalchar);
       }
       if (comm)
       {
          strncat(comm,dynComStr,maxcomchar);
       }
    }
    
    free(dynValStr);
    free(dynComStr);
        
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffree( void *value,       /* I - pointer to keyword value  */
            int  *status)      /* IO - error status             */
/*
  Free the memory that was previously allocated by CFITSIO, 
  such as by ffgkls or fits_hdr2str
*/
{
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (value)
        free(value);

    return(*status);
}
 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcnt( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer         */
            char *value,        /* O - continued string value    */
            char *comm,         /* O - continued comment string  */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status             */
/*
  Attempt to read the next keyword, returning the string value
  if it is a continuation of the previous string keyword value.
  This uses the HEASARC convention for continuing long string values
  over multiple keywords.  Each continued string is terminated with a
  backslash character, and the continuation follows on the next keyword
  which must have the name CONTINUE without an equal sign in column 9
  of the card.  If the next card is not a continuation, then the returned
  value string will be null.
*/
{
    int tstatus;
    char card[FLEN_CARD], strval[FLEN_VALUE];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    tstatus = 0;
    value[0] = '\0';

    if (ffgnky(fptr, card, &tstatus) > 0)  /*  read next keyword  */
        return(*status);                   /*  hit end of header  */

    if (strncmp(card, "CONTINUE  ", 10) == 0)  /* a continuation card? */
    {
        strncpy(card, "D2345678=  ", 10); /* overwrite a dummy keyword name */
        ffpsvc(card, strval, comm, &tstatus);  /*  get the string value & comment */
        ffc2s(strval, value, &tstatus);    /* remove the surrounding quotes */

        if (tstatus)       /*  return null if error status was returned  */
           value[0] = '\0';
    }
    else
        ffmrky(fptr, -1, status);  /* reset the keyword pointer */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkyl( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer         */
            const char *keyname,      /* I - name of keyword to read   */
            int  *value,        /* O - keyword value             */
            char *comm,         /* O - keyword comment           */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status             */
/*
  Read (get) the named keyword, returning the value and comment.
  The returned value = 1 if the keyword is true, else = 0 if false.
  The comment may be up to 69 characters long.
*/
{
    char valstring[FLEN_VALUE];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    ffgkey(fptr, keyname, valstring, comm, status);  /* read the keyword */
    ffc2l(valstring, value, status);   /* convert string to value */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkyj( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer         */
            const char *keyname,      /* I - name of keyword to read   */
            long *value,        /* O - keyword value             */
            char *comm,         /* O - keyword comment           */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status             */
/*
  Read (get) the named keyword, returning the value and comment.
  The value will be implicitly converted to a (long) integer if it not
  already of this datatype.  The comment may be up to 69 characters long.
*/
{
    char valstring[FLEN_VALUE];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    ffgkey(fptr, keyname, valstring, comm, status);  /* read the keyword */
    ffc2i(valstring, value, status);   /* convert string to value */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkyjj( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer         */
            const char *keyname,      /* I - name of keyword to read   */
            LONGLONG *value,    /* O - keyword value             */
            char *comm,         /* O - keyword comment           */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status             */
/*
  Read (get) the named keyword, returning the value and comment.
  The value will be implicitly converted to a (LONGLONG) integer if it not
  already of this datatype.  The comment may be up to 69 characters long.
*/
{
    char valstring[FLEN_VALUE];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    ffgkey(fptr, keyname, valstring, comm, status);  /* read the keyword */
    ffc2j(valstring, value, status);   /* convert string to value */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkyujj( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer         */
            const char *keyname,      /* I - name of keyword to read   */
            ULONGLONG *value,    /* O - keyword value             */
            char *comm,         /* O - keyword comment           */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status             */
/*
  Read (get) the named keyword, returning the value and comment.
  The value will be implicitly converted to a (ULONGLONG) integer if it not
  already of this datatype.  The comment may be up to 69 characters long.
*/
{
    char valstring[FLEN_VALUE];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    ffgkey(fptr, keyname, valstring, comm, status);  /* read the keyword */
    ffc2uj(valstring, value, status);   /* convert string to value */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkye( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer         */
            const char  *keyname,     /* I - name of keyword to read   */
            float *value,       /* O - keyword value             */
            char  *comm,        /* O - keyword comment           */
            int   *status)      /* IO - error status             */
/*
  Read (get) the named keyword, returning the value and comment.
  The value will be implicitly converted to a float if it not
  already of this datatype.  The comment may be up to 69 characters long.
*/
{
    char valstring[FLEN_VALUE];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    ffgkey(fptr, keyname, valstring, comm, status);  /* read the keyword */
    ffc2r(valstring, value, status);   /* convert string to value */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkyd( fitsfile *fptr,      /* I - FITS file pointer         */
            const char   *keyname,     /* I - name of keyword to read   */
            double *value,       /* O - keyword value             */
            char   *comm,        /* O - keyword comment           */
            int    *status)      /* IO - error status             */
/*
  Read (get) the named keyword, returning the value and comment.
  The value will be implicitly converted to a double if it not
  already of this datatype.  The comment may be up to 69 characters long.
*/
{
    char valstring[FLEN_VALUE];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    ffgkey(fptr, keyname, valstring, comm, status);  /* read the keyword */
    ffc2d(valstring, value, status);   /* convert string to value */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkyc( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer         */
            const char  *keyname,     /* I - name of keyword to read   */
            float *value,       /* O - keyword value (real,imag) */
            char  *comm,        /* O - keyword comment           */
            int   *status)      /* IO - error status             */
/*
  Read (get) the named keyword, returning the value and comment.
  The keyword must have a complex value. No implicit data conversion
  will be performed.
*/
{
    char valstring[FLEN_VALUE], message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    int len;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    ffgkey(fptr, keyname, valstring, comm, status);  /* read the keyword */

    if (valstring[0] != '(' )   /* test that this is a complex keyword */
    {
      snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "keyword %s does not have a complex value (ffgkyc):",
              keyname);
      ffpmsg(message);
      ffpmsg(valstring);
      return(*status = BAD_C2F);
    }

    valstring[0] = ' ';            /* delete the opening parenthesis */
    len = strcspn(valstring, ")" );  
    valstring[len] = '\0';         /* delete the closing parenthesis */

    len = strcspn(valstring, ",");
    valstring[len] = '\0';

    ffc2r(valstring, &value[0], status);       /* convert the real part */
    ffc2r(&valstring[len + 1], &value[1], status); /* convert imag. part */
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkym( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer         */
            const char  *keyname,     /* I - name of keyword to read   */
            double *value,      /* O - keyword value (real,imag) */
            char  *comm,        /* O - keyword comment           */
            int   *status)      /* IO - error status             */
/*
  Read (get) the named keyword, returning the value and comment.
  The keyword must have a complex value. No implicit data conversion
  will be performed.
*/
{
    char valstring[FLEN_VALUE], message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    int len;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    ffgkey(fptr, keyname, valstring, comm, status);  /* read the keyword */

    if (valstring[0] != '(' )   /* test that this is a complex keyword */
    {
      snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "keyword %s does not have a complex value (ffgkym):",
              keyname);
      ffpmsg(message);
      ffpmsg(valstring);
      return(*status = BAD_C2D);
    }

    valstring[0] = ' ';            /* delete the opening parenthesis */
    len = strcspn(valstring, ")" );  
    valstring[len] = '\0';         /* delete the closing parenthesis */

    len = strcspn(valstring, ",");
    valstring[len] = '\0';

    ffc2d(valstring, &value[0], status);        /* convert the real part */
    ffc2d(&valstring[len + 1], &value[1], status);  /* convert the imag. part */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkyt( fitsfile *fptr,      /* I - FITS file pointer                 */
            const char   *keyname,     /* I - name of keyword to read           */
            long   *ivalue,      /* O - integer part of keyword value     */
            double *fraction,    /* O - fractional part of keyword value  */
            char   *comm,        /* O - keyword comment                   */
            int    *status)      /* IO - error status                     */
/*
  Read (get) the named keyword, returning the value and comment.
  The integer and fractional parts of the value are returned in separate
  variables, to allow more numerical precision to be passed.  This
  effectively passes a 'triple' precision value, with a 4-byte integer
  and an 8-byte fraction.  The comment may be up to 69 characters long.
*/
{
    char valstring[FLEN_VALUE];
    char *loc;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    ffgkey(fptr, keyname, valstring, comm, status);  /* read the keyword */

    /*  read the entire value string as a double, to get the integer part */
    ffc2d(valstring, fraction, status);

    *ivalue = (long) *fraction;

    *fraction = *fraction - *ivalue;

    /* see if we need to read the fractional part again with more precision */
    /* look for decimal point, without an exponential E or D character */

    loc = strchr(valstring, '.');
    if (loc)
    {
        if (!strchr(valstring, 'E') && !strchr(valstring, 'D'))
            ffc2d(loc, fraction, status);
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkyn( fitsfile *fptr,      /* I - FITS file pointer             */
            int    nkey,         /* I - number of the keyword to read */
            char   *keyname,     /* O - name of the keyword           */
            char   *value,       /* O - keyword value                 */
            char   *comm,        /* O - keyword comment               */
            int    *status)      /* IO - error status                 */
/*
  Read (get) the nkey-th keyword returning the keyword name, value and comment.
  The value is just the literal string of characters in the value field
  of the keyword.  In the case of a string valued keyword, the returned
  value includes the leading and closing quote characters.  The value may be
  up to 70 characters long, and the comment may be up to 72 characters long.
  If the keyword has no value (no equal sign in column 9) then a null value
  is returned.  If comm = NULL, then do not return the comment string.
*/
{
    char card[FLEN_CARD], sbuff[FLEN_CARD];
    int namelen;

    keyname[0] = '\0';
    value[0] = '\0';
    if (comm)
        comm[0] = '\0';

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (ffgrec(fptr, nkey, card, status) > 0 )  /* get the 80-byte card */
        return(*status);

    ffgknm(card, keyname, &namelen, status); /* get the keyword name */

    if (ffpsvc(card, value, comm, status) > 0)   /* parse value and comment */
        return(*status);

    if (fftrec(keyname, status) > 0)  /* test keyword name; catches no END */
    {
     snprintf(sbuff, FLEN_CARD, "Name of keyword no. %d contains illegal character(s): %s",
              nkey, keyname);
     ffpmsg(sbuff);

     if (nkey % 36 == 0)  /* test if at beginning of 36-card FITS record */
            ffpmsg("  (This may indicate a missing END keyword).");
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkns( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer                    */
            const char *keyname,      /* I - root name of keywords to read        */
            int  nstart,        /* I - starting index number                */
            int  nmax,          /* I - maximum number of keywords to return */
            char *value[],      /* O - array of pointers to keyword values  */
            int  *nfound,       /* O - number of values that were returned  */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status                        */
/*
  Read (get) an indexed array of keywords with index numbers between
  NSTART and (NSTART + NMAX -1) inclusive.  
  This routine does NOT support the HEASARC long string convention.
*/
{
    int nend, lenroot, ii, nkeys, mkeys, tstatus, undefinedval;
    long ival;
    char keyroot[FLEN_KEYWORD], keyindex[8], card[FLEN_CARD];
    char svalue[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT], *equalssign;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    *nfound = 0;
    nend = nstart + nmax - 1;

    keyroot[0] = '\0';
    strncat(keyroot, keyname, FLEN_KEYWORD - 1);
     
    lenroot = strlen(keyroot);
    
    if (lenroot == 0)     /*  root must be at least 1 char long  */
        return(*status);

    for (ii=0; ii < lenroot; ii++)           /*  make sure upper case  */
        keyroot[ii] = toupper(keyroot[ii]);

    ffghps(fptr, &nkeys, &mkeys, status);  /*  get the number of keywords  */

    undefinedval = FALSE;
    for (ii=3; ii <= nkeys; ii++)  
    {
       if (ffgrec(fptr, ii, card, status) > 0)     /*  get next keyword  */
           return(*status);

       if (strncmp(keyroot, card, lenroot) == 0)  /* see if keyword matches */
       {
          keyindex[0] = '\0';
          equalssign = strchr(card, '=');
	  if (equalssign == 0) continue;  /* keyword has no value */

          if (equalssign - card - lenroot > 7)
          {
             return (*status=BAD_KEYCHAR);
          }
          strncat(keyindex, &card[lenroot], equalssign - card  - lenroot);  /*  copy suffix  */
          tstatus = 0;
          if (ffc2ii(keyindex, &ival, &tstatus) <= 0)     /*  test suffix  */
          {
             if (ival <= nend && ival >= nstart)
             {
                ffpsvc(card, svalue, comm, status);  /*  parse the value */
                ffc2s(svalue, value[ival-nstart], status); /* convert */
                if (ival - nstart + 1 > *nfound)
                      *nfound = ival - nstart + 1;  /*  max found */ 

                if (*status == VALUE_UNDEFINED)
                {
                   undefinedval = TRUE;
                   *status = 0;  /* reset status to read remaining values */
                }
             }
          }
       }
    }
    if (undefinedval && (*status <= 0) )
        *status = VALUE_UNDEFINED;  /* report at least 1 value undefined */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgknl( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer                    */
            const char *keyname,      /* I - root name of keywords to read        */
            int  nstart,        /* I - starting index number                */
            int  nmax,          /* I - maximum number of keywords to return */
            int  *value,        /* O - array of keyword values              */
            int  *nfound,       /* O - number of values that were returned  */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status                        */
/*
  Read (get) an indexed array of keywords with index numbers between
  NSTART and (NSTART + NMAX -1) inclusive.  
  The returned value = 1 if the keyword is true, else = 0 if false.
*/
{
    int nend, lenroot, ii, nkeys, mkeys, tstatus, undefinedval;
    long ival;
    char keyroot[FLEN_KEYWORD], keyindex[8], card[FLEN_CARD];
    char svalue[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT], *equalssign;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    *nfound = 0;
    nend = nstart + nmax - 1;

    keyroot[0] = '\0';
    strncat(keyroot, keyname, FLEN_KEYWORD - 1);

    lenroot = strlen(keyroot);
    
    if (lenroot == 0)     /*  root must be at least 1 char long  */
        return(*status);
 
    for (ii=0; ii < lenroot; ii++)           /*  make sure upper case  */
        keyroot[ii] = toupper(keyroot[ii]);

    ffghps(fptr, &nkeys, &mkeys, status);  /*  get the number of keywords  */

    ffmaky(fptr, 3, status);  /* move to 3rd keyword (skip 1st 2 keywords) */

    undefinedval = FALSE;
    for (ii=3; ii <= nkeys; ii++)  
    {
       if (ffgnky(fptr, card, status) > 0)     /*  get next keyword  */
           return(*status);

       if (strncmp(keyroot, card, lenroot) == 0)  /* see if keyword matches */
       {
          keyindex[0] = '\0';
          equalssign = strchr(card, '=');
	  if (equalssign == 0) continue;  /* keyword has no value */

          if (equalssign - card - lenroot > 7)
          {
             return (*status=BAD_KEYCHAR);
          }
          strncat(keyindex, &card[lenroot], equalssign - card  - lenroot);  /*  copy suffix  */

          tstatus = 0;
          if (ffc2ii(keyindex, &ival, &tstatus) <= 0)    /*  test suffix  */
          {
             if (ival <= nend && ival >= nstart)
             {
                ffpsvc(card, svalue, comm, status);   /*  parse the value */
                ffc2l(svalue, &value[ival-nstart], status); /* convert*/
                if (ival - nstart + 1 > *nfound)
                      *nfound = ival - nstart + 1;  /*  max found */ 

                if (*status == VALUE_UNDEFINED)
                {
                    undefinedval = TRUE;
                   *status = 0;  /* reset status to read remaining values */
                }
             }
          }
       }
    }
    if (undefinedval && (*status <= 0) )
        *status = VALUE_UNDEFINED;  /* report at least 1 value undefined */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgknj( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer                    */
            const char *keyname,      /* I - root name of keywords to read        */
            int  nstart,        /* I - starting index number                */
            int  nmax,          /* I - maximum number of keywords to return */
            long *value,        /* O - array of keyword values              */
            int  *nfound,       /* O - number of values that were returned  */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status                        */
/*
  Read (get) an indexed array of keywords with index numbers between
  NSTART and (NSTART + NMAX -1) inclusive.  
*/
{
    int nend, lenroot, ii, nkeys, mkeys, tstatus, undefinedval;
    long ival;
    char keyroot[FLEN_KEYWORD], keyindex[8], card[FLEN_CARD];
    char svalue[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT], *equalssign;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    *nfound = 0;
    nend = nstart + nmax - 1;

    keyroot[0] = '\0';
    strncat(keyroot, keyname, FLEN_KEYWORD - 1);

    lenroot = strlen(keyroot);
    
    if (lenroot == 0)     /*  root must be at least 1 char long  */
        return(*status);
 
    for (ii=0; ii < lenroot; ii++)           /*  make sure upper case  */
        keyroot[ii] = toupper(keyroot[ii]);

    ffghps(fptr, &nkeys, &mkeys, status);  /*  get the number of keywords  */

    ffmaky(fptr, 3, status);  /* move to 3rd keyword (skip 1st 2 keywords) */

    undefinedval = FALSE;
    for (ii=3; ii <= nkeys; ii++)  
    {
       if (ffgnky(fptr, card, status) > 0)     /*  get next keyword  */
           return(*status);

       if (strncmp(keyroot, card, lenroot) == 0)  /* see if keyword matches */
       {
          keyindex[0] = '\0';
          equalssign = strchr(card, '=');
	  if (equalssign == 0) continue;  /* keyword has no value */

          if (equalssign - card - lenroot > 7)
          {
             return (*status=BAD_KEYCHAR);
          }
          strncat(keyindex, &card[lenroot], equalssign - card  - lenroot);  /*  copy suffix  */

          tstatus = 0;
          if (ffc2ii(keyindex, &ival, &tstatus) <= 0)     /*  test suffix  */
          {
             if (ival <= nend && ival >= nstart)
             {
                ffpsvc(card, svalue, comm, status);   /*  parse the value */
                ffc2i(svalue, &value[ival-nstart], status);  /* convert */
                if (ival - nstart + 1 > *nfound)
                      *nfound = ival - nstart + 1;  /*  max found */ 

                if (*status == VALUE_UNDEFINED)
                {
                    undefinedval = TRUE;
                   *status = 0;  /* reset status to read remaining values */
                }
             }
          }
       }
    }
    if (undefinedval && (*status <= 0) )
        *status = VALUE_UNDEFINED;  /* report at least 1 value undefined */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgknjj( fitsfile *fptr,    /* I - FITS file pointer                    */
            const char *keyname,      /* I - root name of keywords to read        */
            int  nstart,        /* I - starting index number                */
            int  nmax,          /* I - maximum number of keywords to return */
            LONGLONG *value,    /* O - array of keyword values              */
            int  *nfound,       /* O - number of values that were returned  */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status                        */
/*
  Read (get) an indexed array of keywords with index numbers between
  NSTART and (NSTART + NMAX -1) inclusive.  
*/
{
    int nend, lenroot, ii, nkeys, mkeys, tstatus, undefinedval;
    long ival;
    char keyroot[FLEN_KEYWORD], keyindex[8], card[FLEN_CARD];
    char svalue[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT], *equalssign;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    *nfound = 0;
    nend = nstart + nmax - 1;

    keyroot[0] = '\0';
    strncat(keyroot, keyname, FLEN_KEYWORD - 1);

    lenroot = strlen(keyroot);
    
    if (lenroot == 0)     /*  root must be at least 1 char long  */
        return(*status);

    for (ii=0; ii < lenroot; ii++)           /*  make sure upper case  */
        keyroot[ii] = toupper(keyroot[ii]);

    ffghps(fptr, &nkeys, &mkeys, status);  /*  get the number of keywords  */

    ffmaky(fptr, 3, status);  /* move to 3rd keyword (skip 1st 2 keywords) */

    undefinedval = FALSE;
    for (ii=3; ii <= nkeys; ii++)  
    {
       if (ffgnky(fptr, card, status) > 0)     /*  get next keyword  */
           return(*status);

       if (strncmp(keyroot, card, lenroot) == 0)  /* see if keyword matches */
       {
          keyindex[0] = '\0';
          equalssign = strchr(card, '=');
	  if (equalssign == 0) continue;  /* keyword has no value */

          if (equalssign - card - lenroot > 7)
          {
             return (*status=BAD_KEYCHAR);
          }
          strncat(keyindex, &card[lenroot], equalssign - card  - lenroot);  /*  copy suffix  */

          tstatus = 0;
          if (ffc2ii(keyindex, &ival, &tstatus) <= 0)     /*  test suffix  */
          {
             if (ival <= nend && ival >= nstart)
             {
                ffpsvc(card, svalue, comm, status);   /*  parse the value */
                ffc2j(svalue, &value[ival-nstart], status);  /* convert */
                if (ival - nstart + 1 > *nfound)
                      *nfound = ival - nstart + 1;  /*  max found */ 

                if (*status == VALUE_UNDEFINED)
                {
                    undefinedval = TRUE;
                   *status = 0;  /* reset status to read remaining values */
                }
             }
          }
       }
    }
    if (undefinedval && (*status <= 0) )
        *status = VALUE_UNDEFINED;  /* report at least 1 value undefined */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgkne( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer                    */
            const char *keyname,      /* I - root name of keywords to read        */
            int  nstart,        /* I - starting index number                */
            int  nmax,          /* I - maximum number of keywords to return */
            float *value,       /* O - array of keyword values              */
            int  *nfound,       /* O - number of values that were returned  */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status                        */
/*
  Read (get) an indexed array of keywords with index numbers between
  NSTART and (NSTART + NMAX -1) inclusive.  
*/
{
    int nend, lenroot, ii, nkeys, mkeys, tstatus, undefinedval;
    long ival;
    char keyroot[FLEN_KEYWORD], keyindex[8], card[FLEN_CARD];
    char svalue[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT], *equalssign;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    *nfound = 0;
    nend = nstart + nmax - 1;

    keyroot[0] = '\0';
    strncat(keyroot, keyname, FLEN_KEYWORD - 1);

    lenroot = strlen(keyroot);
    
    if (lenroot == 0)     /*  root must be at least 1 char long  */
        return(*status);

    for (ii=0; ii < lenroot; ii++)           /*  make sure upper case  */
        keyroot[ii] = toupper(keyroot[ii]);

    ffghps(fptr, &nkeys, &mkeys, status);  /*  get the number of keywords  */

    ffmaky(fptr, 3, status);  /* move to 3rd keyword (skip 1st 2 keywords) */

    undefinedval = FALSE;
    for (ii=3; ii <= nkeys; ii++)  
    {
       if (ffgnky(fptr, card, status) > 0)     /*  get next keyword  */
           return(*status);

       if (strncmp(keyroot, card, lenroot) == 0)  /* see if keyword matches */
       {
          keyindex[0] = '\0';
          equalssign = strchr(card, '=');
	  if (equalssign == 0) continue;  /* keyword has no value */

          if (equalssign - card - lenroot > 7)
          {
             return (*status=BAD_KEYCHAR);
          }
          strncat(keyindex, &card[lenroot], equalssign - card  - lenroot);  /*  copy suffix  */

          tstatus = 0;
          if (ffc2ii(keyindex, &ival, &tstatus) <= 0)     /*  test suffix  */
          {
             if (ival <= nend && ival >= nstart)
             {
                ffpsvc(card, svalue, comm, status);   /*  parse the value */
                ffc2r(svalue, &value[ival-nstart], status); /* convert */
                if (ival - nstart + 1 > *nfound)
                      *nfound = ival - nstart + 1;  /*  max found */ 

                if (*status == VALUE_UNDEFINED)
                {
                    undefinedval = TRUE;
                   *status = 0;  /* reset status to read remaining values */
                }
             }
          }
       }
    }
    if (undefinedval && (*status <= 0) )
        *status = VALUE_UNDEFINED;  /* report at least 1 value undefined */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgknd( fitsfile *fptr,     /* I - FITS file pointer                    */
            const char *keyname,      /* I - root name of keywords to read        */
            int  nstart,        /* I - starting index number                */
            int  nmax,          /* I - maximum number of keywords to return */
            double *value,      /* O - array of keyword values              */
            int  *nfound,       /* O - number of values that were returned  */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status                        */
/*
  Read (get) an indexed array of keywords with index numbers between
  NSTART and (NSTART + NMAX -1) inclusive.  
*/
{
    int nend, lenroot, ii, nkeys, mkeys, tstatus, undefinedval;
    long ival;
    char keyroot[FLEN_KEYWORD], keyindex[8], card[FLEN_CARD];
    char svalue[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT], *equalssign;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    *nfound = 0;
    nend = nstart + nmax - 1;

    keyroot[0] = '\0';
    strncat(keyroot, keyname, FLEN_KEYWORD - 1);

    lenroot = strlen(keyroot);

    if (lenroot == 0)     /*  root must be at least 1 char long  */
        return(*status);

    for (ii=0; ii < lenroot; ii++)           /*  make sure upper case  */
        keyroot[ii] = toupper(keyroot[ii]);

    ffghps(fptr, &nkeys, &mkeys, status);  /*  get the number of keywords  */

    ffmaky(fptr, 3, status);  /* move to 3rd keyword (skip 1st 2 keywords) */

    undefinedval = FALSE;
    for (ii=3; ii <= nkeys; ii++)  
    {
       if (ffgnky(fptr, card, status) > 0)     /*  get next keyword  */
           return(*status);
       if (strncmp(keyroot, card, lenroot) == 0)   /* see if keyword matches */
       {
          keyindex[0] = '\0';
          equalssign = strchr(card, '=');
	  if (equalssign == 0) continue;  /* keyword has no value */

          if (equalssign - card - lenroot > 7)
          {
             return (*status=BAD_KEYCHAR);
          }
          strncat(keyindex, &card[lenroot], equalssign - card  - lenroot);  /*  copy suffix  */
          tstatus = 0;
          if (ffc2ii(keyindex, &ival, &tstatus) <= 0)      /*  test suffix */
          {
             if (ival <= nend && ival >= nstart) /* is index within range? */
             {
                ffpsvc(card, svalue, comm, status);   /*  parse the value */
                ffc2d(svalue, &value[ival-nstart], status); /* convert */
                if (ival - nstart + 1 > *nfound)
                      *nfound = ival - nstart + 1;  /*  max found */ 

                if (*status == VALUE_UNDEFINED)
                {
                    undefinedval = TRUE;
                   *status = 0;  /* reset status to read remaining values */
                }
             }
          }
       }
    }
    if (undefinedval && (*status <= 0) )
        *status = VALUE_UNDEFINED;  /* report at least 1 value undefined */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgtdm(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           int colnum,      /* I - number of the column to read             */
           int maxdim,      /* I - maximum no. of dimensions to read;       */
           int *naxis,      /* O - number of axes in the data array         */
           long naxes[],    /* O - length of each data axis                 */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
  read and parse the TDIMnnn keyword to get the dimensionality of a column
*/
{
    int tstatus = 0;
    char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], tdimstr[FLEN_VALUE];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    ffkeyn("TDIM", colnum, keyname, status);      /* construct keyword name */

    ffgkys(fptr, keyname, tdimstr, NULL, &tstatus); /* try reading keyword */

    ffdtdm(fptr, tdimstr, colnum, maxdim,naxis, naxes, status); /* decode it */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgtdmll(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                      */
           int colnum,      /* I - number of the column to read             */
           int maxdim,      /* I - maximum no. of dimensions to read;       */
           int *naxis,      /* O - number of axes in the data array         */
           LONGLONG naxes[], /* O - length of each data axis                 */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
  read and parse the TDIMnnn keyword to get the dimensionality of a column
*/
{
    int tstatus = 0;
    char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], tdimstr[FLEN_VALUE];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    ffkeyn("TDIM", colnum, keyname, status);      /* construct keyword name */

    ffgkys(fptr, keyname, tdimstr, NULL, &tstatus); /* try reading keyword */

    ffdtdmll(fptr, tdimstr, colnum, maxdim,naxis, naxes, status); /* decode it */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffdtdm(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           char *tdimstr,   /* I - TDIMn keyword value string. e.g. (10,10) */
           int colnum,      /* I - number of the column             */
           int maxdim,      /* I - maximum no. of dimensions to read;       */
           int *naxis,      /* O - number of axes in the data array         */
           long naxes[],    /* O - length of each data axis                 */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
  decode the TDIMnnn keyword to get the dimensionality of a column.
  Check that the value is legal and consistent with the TFORM value.
  If colnum = 0, then the validity checking is disabled.
*/
{
    long dimsize, totalpix = 1;
    char *loc, *lastloc, message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    tcolumn *colptr = 0;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (colnum != 0) {
        if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
            ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);

        if (colnum < 1 || colnum > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield)
            return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM);

        colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr;   /* set pointer to the first column */
        colptr += (colnum - 1);    /* increment to the correct column */

        if (!tdimstr[0])   /* TDIMn keyword doesn't exist? */
        {
            *naxis = 1;                   /* default = 1 dimensional */
            if (maxdim > 0)
                naxes[0] = (long) colptr->trepeat; /* default length = repeat */

            return(*status);
        }
    }

    *naxis = 0;

    loc = strchr(tdimstr, '(' );  /* find the opening quote */
    if (!loc)
    {
            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal dimensions format: %s", tdimstr);
            return(*status = BAD_TDIM);
    }

    while (loc)
    {
            loc++;
            dimsize = strtol(loc, &loc, 10);  /* read size of next dimension */
            if (*naxis < maxdim)
                naxes[*naxis] = dimsize;

            if (dimsize < 0)
            {
                ffpmsg("one or more dimension are less than 0 (ffdtdm)");
                ffpmsg(tdimstr);
                return(*status = BAD_TDIM);
            }

            totalpix *= dimsize;
            (*naxis)++;
            lastloc = loc;
            loc = strchr(loc, ',');  /* look for comma before next dimension */
    }

    loc = strchr(lastloc, ')' );  /* check for the closing quote */
    if (!loc)
    {
            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal dimensions format: %s", tdimstr);
            return(*status = BAD_TDIM);
    }

    if (colnum != 0) {
        if ((colptr->tdatatype > 0) && ((long) colptr->trepeat != totalpix))
        {
          snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
          "column vector length, %ld, does not equal TDIMn array size, %ld",
          (long) colptr->trepeat, totalpix);
          ffpmsg(message);
          ffpmsg(tdimstr);
          return(*status = BAD_TDIM);
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffdtdmll(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           char *tdimstr,   /* I - TDIMn keyword value string. e.g. (10,10) */
           int colnum,      /* I - number of the column             */
           int maxdim,      /* I - maximum no. of dimensions to read;       */
           int *naxis,      /* O - number of axes in the data array         */
           LONGLONG naxes[],    /* O - length of each data axis                 */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
  decode the TDIMnnn keyword to get the dimensionality of a column.
  Check that the value is legal and consistent with the TFORM value.
*/
{
    LONGLONG dimsize;
    LONGLONG totalpix = 1;
    char *loc, *lastloc, message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    tcolumn *colptr;
    double doublesize;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);

    if (colnum < 1 || colnum > (fptr->Fptr)->tfield)
        return(*status = BAD_COL_NUM);

    colptr = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr;   /* set pointer to the first column */
    colptr += (colnum - 1);    /* increment to the correct column */

    if (!tdimstr[0])   /* TDIMn keyword doesn't exist? */
    {
        *naxis = 1;                   /* default = 1 dimensional */
        if (maxdim > 0)
            naxes[0] = colptr->trepeat; /* default length = repeat */
    }
    else
    {
        *naxis = 0;

        loc = strchr(tdimstr, '(' );  /* find the opening quote */
        if (!loc)
        {
            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal TDIM keyword value: %s", tdimstr);
            return(*status = BAD_TDIM);
        }

        while (loc)
        {
            loc++;

    /* Read value as a double because the string to 64-bit int function is  */
    /* platform dependent (strtoll, strtol, _atoI64).  This still gives     */
    /* about 48 bits of precision, which is plenty for this purpose.        */

            doublesize = strtod(loc, &loc);
            dimsize = (LONGLONG) (doublesize + 0.1);

            if (*naxis < maxdim)
                naxes[*naxis] = dimsize;

            if (dimsize < 0)
            {
                ffpmsg("one or more TDIM values are less than 0 (ffdtdm)");
                ffpmsg(tdimstr);
                return(*status = BAD_TDIM);
            }

            totalpix *= dimsize;
            (*naxis)++;
            lastloc = loc;
            loc = strchr(loc, ',');  /* look for comma before next dimension */
        }

        loc = strchr(lastloc, ')' );  /* check for the closing quote */
        if (!loc)
        {
            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "Illegal TDIM keyword value: %s", tdimstr);
            return(*status = BAD_TDIM);
        }

        if ((colptr->tdatatype > 0) && (colptr->trepeat != totalpix))
        {
          snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
          "column vector length, %.0f, does not equal TDIMn array size, %.0f",
          (double) (colptr->trepeat), (double) totalpix);
          ffpmsg(message);
          ffpmsg(tdimstr);
          return(*status = BAD_TDIM);
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffghpr(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           int maxdim,      /* I - maximum no. of dimensions to read;       */
           int *simple,     /* O - does file conform to FITS standard? 1/0  */
           int *bitpix,     /* O - number of bits per data value pixel      */
           int *naxis,      /* O - number of axes in the data array         */
           long naxes[],    /* O - length of each data axis                 */
           long *pcount,    /* O - number of group parameters (usually 0)   */
           long *gcount,    /* O - number of random groups (usually 1 or 0) */
           int *extend,     /* O - may FITS file haave extensions?          */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
  Get keywords from the Header of the PRimary array:
  Check that the keywords conform to the FITS standard and return the
  parameters which determine the size and structure of the primary array
  or IMAGE extension.
*/
{
    int idummy, ii;
    LONGLONG lldummy;
    double ddummy;
    LONGLONG tnaxes[99];

    ffgphd(fptr, maxdim, simple, bitpix, naxis, tnaxes, pcount, gcount, extend,
          &ddummy, &ddummy, &lldummy, &idummy, status);
	  
    if (naxis && naxes) {
         for (ii = 0; (ii < *naxis) && (ii < maxdim); ii++)
	     naxes[ii] = (long) tnaxes[ii];
    } else if (naxes) {
         for (ii = 0; ii < maxdim; ii++)
	     naxes[ii] = (long) tnaxes[ii];
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffghprll(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           int maxdim,      /* I - maximum no. of dimensions to read;       */
           int *simple,     /* O - does file conform to FITS standard? 1/0  */
           int *bitpix,     /* O - number of bits per data value pixel      */
           int *naxis,      /* O - number of axes in the data array         */
           LONGLONG naxes[],    /* O - length of each data axis                 */
           long *pcount,    /* O - number of group parameters (usually 0)   */
           long *gcount,    /* O - number of random groups (usually 1 or 0) */
           int *extend,     /* O - may FITS file haave extensions?          */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
  Get keywords from the Header of the PRimary array:
  Check that the keywords conform to the FITS standard and return the
  parameters which determine the size and structure of the primary array
  or IMAGE extension.
*/
{
    int idummy;
    LONGLONG lldummy;
    double ddummy;

    ffgphd(fptr, maxdim, simple, bitpix, naxis, naxes, pcount, gcount, extend,
          &ddummy, &ddummy, &lldummy, &idummy, status);

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffghtb(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           int maxfield,    /* I - maximum no. of columns to read;          */
           long *naxis1,    /* O - length of table row in bytes             */
           long *naxis2,    /* O - number of rows in the table              */
           int *tfields,    /* O - number of columns in the table           */
           char **ttype,    /* O - name of each column                      */
           long *tbcol,     /* O - byte offset in row to each column        */
           char **tform,    /* O - value of TFORMn keyword for each column  */
           char **tunit,    /* O - value of TUNITn keyword for each column  */
           char *extnm,   /* O - value of EXTNAME keyword, if any         */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
  Get keywords from the Header of the ASCII TaBle:
  Check that the keywords conform to the FITS standard and return the
  parameters which describe the table.
*/
{
    int ii, maxf, nfound, tstatus;
    long fields;
    char name[FLEN_KEYWORD], value[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT];
    char xtension[FLEN_VALUE], message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    LONGLONG llnaxis1, llnaxis2, pcount;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    /* read the first keyword of the extension */
    ffgkyn(fptr, 1, name, value, comm, status);

    if (!strcmp(name, "XTENSION"))
    {
            if (ffc2s(value, xtension, status) > 0)  /* get the value string */
            {
                ffpmsg("Bad value string for XTENSION keyword:");
                ffpmsg(value);
                return(*status);
            }

            /* allow the quoted string value to begin in any column and */
            /* allow any number of trailing blanks before the closing quote */
            if ( (value[0] != '\'')   ||  /* first char must be a quote */
                 ( strcmp(xtension, "TABLE") ) )
            {
                snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                "This is not a TABLE extension: %s", value);
                ffpmsg(message);
                return(*status = NOT_ATABLE);
            }
    }

    else  /* error: 1st keyword of extension != XTENSION */
    {
        snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
        "First keyword of the extension is not XTENSION: %s", name);
        ffpmsg(message);
        return(*status = NO_XTENSION);
    }

    if (ffgttb(fptr, &llnaxis1, &llnaxis2, &pcount, &fields, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (naxis1)
       *naxis1 = (long) llnaxis1;

    if (naxis2)
       *naxis2 = (long) llnaxis2;

    if (pcount != 0)
    {
       snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "PCOUNT = %.0f is illegal in ASCII table; must = 0",
               (double) pcount);
       ffpmsg(message);
       return(*status = BAD_PCOUNT);
    }

    if (tfields)
       *tfields = fields;

    if (maxfield < 0)
        maxf = fields;
    else
        maxf = minvalue(maxfield, fields);

    if (maxf > 0)
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < maxf; ii++)
        {   /* initialize optional keyword values */
            if (ttype)
                *ttype[ii] = '\0';   

            if (tunit)
                *tunit[ii] = '\0';
        }

   
        if (ttype)
            ffgkns(fptr, "TTYPE", 1, maxf, ttype, &nfound, status);

        if (tunit)
            ffgkns(fptr, "TUNIT", 1, maxf, tunit, &nfound, status);

        if (*status > 0)
            return(*status);

        if (tbcol)
        {
            ffgknj(fptr, "TBCOL", 1, maxf, tbcol, &nfound, status);

            if (*status > 0 || nfound != maxf)
            {
                ffpmsg(
        "Required TBCOL keyword(s) not found in ASCII table header (ffghtb).");
                return(*status = NO_TBCOL);
            }
        }

        if (tform)
        {
            ffgkns(fptr, "TFORM", 1, maxf, tform, &nfound, status);

            if (*status > 0 || nfound != maxf)
            {
                ffpmsg(
        "Required TFORM keyword(s) not found in ASCII table header (ffghtb).");
                return(*status = NO_TFORM);
            }
        }
    }

    if (extnm)
    {
        extnm[0] = '\0';

        tstatus = *status;
        ffgkys(fptr, "EXTNAME", extnm, comm, status);

        if (*status == KEY_NO_EXIST)
            *status = tstatus;  /* keyword not required, so ignore error */
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffghtbll(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           int maxfield,    /* I - maximum no. of columns to read;          */
           LONGLONG *naxis1, /* O - length of table row in bytes             */
           LONGLONG *naxis2, /* O - number of rows in the table              */
           int *tfields,    /* O - number of columns in the table           */
           char **ttype,    /* O - name of each column                      */
           LONGLONG *tbcol, /* O - byte offset in row to each column        */
           char **tform,    /* O - value of TFORMn keyword for each column  */
           char **tunit,    /* O - value of TUNITn keyword for each column  */
           char *extnm,     /* O - value of EXTNAME keyword, if any         */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
  Get keywords from the Header of the ASCII TaBle:
  Check that the keywords conform to the FITS standard and return the
  parameters which describe the table.
*/
{
    int ii, maxf, nfound, tstatus;
    long fields;
    char name[FLEN_KEYWORD], value[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT];
    char xtension[FLEN_VALUE], message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    LONGLONG llnaxis1, llnaxis2, pcount;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    /* read the first keyword of the extension */
    ffgkyn(fptr, 1, name, value, comm, status);

    if (!strcmp(name, "XTENSION"))
    {
            if (ffc2s(value, xtension, status) > 0)  /* get the value string */
            {
                ffpmsg("Bad value string for XTENSION keyword:");
                ffpmsg(value);
                return(*status);
            }

            /* allow the quoted string value to begin in any column and */
            /* allow any number of trailing blanks before the closing quote */
            if ( (value[0] != '\'')   ||  /* first char must be a quote */
                 ( strcmp(xtension, "TABLE") ) )
            {
                snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                "This is not a TABLE extension: %s", value);
                ffpmsg(message);
                return(*status = NOT_ATABLE);
            }
    }

    else  /* error: 1st keyword of extension != XTENSION */
    {
        snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
        "First keyword of the extension is not XTENSION: %s", name);
        ffpmsg(message);
        return(*status = NO_XTENSION);
    }

    if (ffgttb(fptr, &llnaxis1, &llnaxis2, &pcount, &fields, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (naxis1)
       *naxis1 = llnaxis1;

    if (naxis2)
       *naxis2 = llnaxis2;

    if (pcount != 0)
    {
       snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG, "PCOUNT = %.0f is illegal in ASCII table; must = 0",
             (double) pcount);
       ffpmsg(message);
       return(*status = BAD_PCOUNT);
    }

    if (tfields)
       *tfields = fields;

    if (maxfield < 0)
        maxf = fields;
    else
        maxf = minvalue(maxfield, fields);

    if (maxf > 0)
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < maxf; ii++)
        {   /* initialize optional keyword values */
            if (ttype)
                *ttype[ii] = '\0';   

            if (tunit)
                *tunit[ii] = '\0';
        }

   
        if (ttype)
            ffgkns(fptr, "TTYPE", 1, maxf, ttype, &nfound, status);

        if (tunit)
            ffgkns(fptr, "TUNIT", 1, maxf, tunit, &nfound, status);

        if (*status > 0)
            return(*status);

        if (tbcol)
        {
            ffgknjj(fptr, "TBCOL", 1, maxf, tbcol, &nfound, status);

            if (*status > 0 || nfound != maxf)
            {
                ffpmsg(
        "Required TBCOL keyword(s) not found in ASCII table header (ffghtbll).");
                return(*status = NO_TBCOL);
            }
        }

        if (tform)
        {
            ffgkns(fptr, "TFORM", 1, maxf, tform, &nfound, status);

            if (*status > 0 || nfound != maxf)
            {
                ffpmsg(
        "Required TFORM keyword(s) not found in ASCII table header (ffghtbll).");
                return(*status = NO_TFORM);
            }
        }
    }

    if (extnm)
    {
        extnm[0] = '\0';

        tstatus = *status;
        ffgkys(fptr, "EXTNAME", extnm, comm, status);

        if (*status == KEY_NO_EXIST)
            *status = tstatus;  /* keyword not required, so ignore error */
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffghbn(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           int maxfield,    /* I - maximum no. of columns to read;          */
           long *naxis2,    /* O - number of rows in the table              */
           int *tfields,    /* O - number of columns in the table           */
           char **ttype,    /* O - name of each column                      */
           char **tform,    /* O - TFORMn value for each column             */
           char **tunit,    /* O - TUNITn value for each column             */
           char *extnm,     /* O - value of EXTNAME keyword, if any         */
           long *pcount,    /* O - value of PCOUNT keyword                  */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
  Get keywords from the Header of the BiNary table:
  Check that the keywords conform to the FITS standard and return the
  parameters which describe the table.
*/
{
    int ii, maxf, nfound, tstatus;
    long  fields;
    char name[FLEN_KEYWORD], value[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT];
    char xtension[FLEN_VALUE], message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    LONGLONG naxis1ll, naxis2ll, pcountll;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    /* read the first keyword of the extension */
    ffgkyn(fptr, 1, name, value, comm, status);

    if (!strcmp(name, "XTENSION"))
    {
            if (ffc2s(value, xtension, status) > 0)  /* get the value string */
            {
                ffpmsg("Bad value string for XTENSION keyword:");
                ffpmsg(value);
                return(*status);
            }

            /* allow the quoted string value to begin in any column and */
            /* allow any number of trailing blanks before the closing quote */
            if ( (value[0] != '\'')   ||  /* first char must be a quote */
                 ( strcmp(xtension, "BINTABLE") &&
                   strcmp(xtension, "A3DTABLE") &&
                   strcmp(xtension, "3DTABLE")
                 ) )
            {
                snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                "This is not a BINTABLE extension: %s", value);
                ffpmsg(message);
                return(*status = NOT_BTABLE);
            }
    }

    else  /* error: 1st keyword of extension != XTENSION */
    {
        snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
        "First keyword of the extension is not XTENSION: %s", name);
        ffpmsg(message);
        return(*status = NO_XTENSION);
    }

    if (ffgttb(fptr, &naxis1ll, &naxis2ll, &pcountll, &fields, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (naxis2)
       *naxis2 = (long) naxis2ll;

    if (pcount)
       *pcount = (long) pcountll;

    if (tfields)
        *tfields = fields;

    if (maxfield < 0)
        maxf = fields;
    else
        maxf = minvalue(maxfield, fields);

    if (maxf > 0)
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < maxf; ii++)
        {   /* initialize optional keyword values */
            if (ttype)
                *ttype[ii] = '\0';   

            if (tunit)
                *tunit[ii] = '\0';
        }

        if (ttype)
            ffgkns(fptr, "TTYPE", 1, maxf, ttype, &nfound, status);

        if (tunit)
            ffgkns(fptr, "TUNIT", 1, maxf, tunit, &nfound, status);

        if (*status > 0)
            return(*status);

        if (tform)
        {
            ffgkns(fptr, "TFORM", 1, maxf, tform, &nfound, status);

            if (*status > 0 || nfound != maxf)
            {
                ffpmsg(
        "Required TFORM keyword(s) not found in binary table header (ffghbn).");
                return(*status = NO_TFORM);
            }
        }
    }

    if (extnm)
    {
        extnm[0] = '\0';

        tstatus = *status;
        ffgkys(fptr, "EXTNAME", extnm, comm, status);

        if (*status == KEY_NO_EXIST)
          *status = tstatus;  /* keyword not required, so ignore error */
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffghbnll(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           int maxfield,    /* I - maximum no. of columns to read;          */
           LONGLONG *naxis2,    /* O - number of rows in the table              */
           int *tfields,    /* O - number of columns in the table           */
           char **ttype,    /* O - name of each column                      */
           char **tform,    /* O - TFORMn value for each column             */
           char **tunit,    /* O - TUNITn value for each column             */
           char *extnm,     /* O - value of EXTNAME keyword, if any         */
           LONGLONG *pcount,    /* O - value of PCOUNT keyword                  */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
/*
  Get keywords from the Header of the BiNary table:
  Check that the keywords conform to the FITS standard and return the
  parameters which describe the table.
*/
{
    int ii, maxf, nfound, tstatus;
    long  fields;
    char name[FLEN_KEYWORD], value[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT];
    char xtension[FLEN_VALUE], message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    LONGLONG naxis1ll, naxis2ll, pcountll;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    /* read the first keyword of the extension */
    ffgkyn(fptr, 1, name, value, comm, status);

    if (!strcmp(name, "XTENSION"))
    {
            if (ffc2s(value, xtension, status) > 0)  /* get the value string */
            {
                ffpmsg("Bad value string for XTENSION keyword:");
                ffpmsg(value);
                return(*status);
            }

            /* allow the quoted string value to begin in any column and */
            /* allow any number of trailing blanks before the closing quote */
            if ( (value[0] != '\'')   ||  /* first char must be a quote */
                 ( strcmp(xtension, "BINTABLE") &&
                   strcmp(xtension, "A3DTABLE") &&
                   strcmp(xtension, "3DTABLE")
                 ) )
            {
                snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                "This is not a BINTABLE extension: %s", value);
                ffpmsg(message);
                return(*status = NOT_BTABLE);
            }
    }

    else  /* error: 1st keyword of extension != XTENSION */
    {
        snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
        "First keyword of the extension is not XTENSION: %s", name);
        ffpmsg(message);
        return(*status = NO_XTENSION);
    }

    if (ffgttb(fptr, &naxis1ll, &naxis2ll, &pcountll, &fields, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (naxis2)
       *naxis2 = naxis2ll;

    if (pcount)
       *pcount = pcountll;

    if (tfields)
        *tfields = fields;

    if (maxfield < 0)
        maxf = fields;
    else
        maxf = minvalue(maxfield, fields);

    if (maxf > 0)
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < maxf; ii++)
        {   /* initialize optional keyword values */
            if (ttype)
                *ttype[ii] = '\0';   

            if (tunit)
                *tunit[ii] = '\0';
        }

        if (ttype)
            ffgkns(fptr, "TTYPE", 1, maxf, ttype, &nfound, status);

        if (tunit)
            ffgkns(fptr, "TUNIT", 1, maxf, tunit, &nfound, status);

        if (*status > 0)
            return(*status);

        if (tform)
        {
            ffgkns(fptr, "TFORM", 1, maxf, tform, &nfound, status);

            if (*status > 0 || nfound != maxf)
            {
                ffpmsg(
        "Required TFORM keyword(s) not found in binary table header (ffghbn).");
                return(*status = NO_TFORM);
            }
        }
    }

    if (extnm)
    {
        extnm[0] = '\0';

        tstatus = *status;
        ffgkys(fptr, "EXTNAME", extnm, comm, status);

        if (*status == KEY_NO_EXIST)
          *status = tstatus;  /* keyword not required, so ignore error */
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgphd(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           int maxdim,      /* I - maximum no. of dimensions to read;       */
           int *simple,     /* O - does file conform to FITS standard? 1/0  */
           int *bitpix,     /* O - number of bits per data value pixel      */
           int *naxis,      /* O - number of axes in the data array         */
           LONGLONG naxes[],    /* O - length of each data axis                 */
           long *pcount,    /* O - number of group parameters (usually 0)   */
           long *gcount,    /* O - number of random groups (usually 1 or 0) */
           int *extend,     /* O - may FITS file haave extensions?          */
           double *bscale,  /* O - array pixel linear scaling factor        */
           double *bzero,   /* O - array pixel linear scaling zero point    */
           LONGLONG *blank, /* O - value used to represent undefined pixels */
           int *nspace,     /* O - number of blank keywords prior to END    */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                            */
{
/*
  Get the Primary HeaDer parameters.  Check that the keywords conform to
  the FITS standard and return the parameters which determine the size and
  structure of the primary array or IMAGE extension.
*/
    int unknown, found_end, tstatus, ii, nextkey, namelen;
    long longbitpix, longnaxis;
    LONGLONG axislen;
    char message[FLEN_ERRMSG], keyword[FLEN_KEYWORD];
    char card[FLEN_CARD];
    char name[FLEN_KEYWORD], value[FLEN_VALUE], comm[FLEN_COMMENT];
    char xtension[FLEN_VALUE];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);

    if (simple)
       *simple = 1;

    unknown = 0;

    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Get 1st keyword of HDU and test whether it is SIMPLE or XTENSION  */
    /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    ffgkyn(fptr, 1, name, value, comm, status);

    if ((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu == 0) /* Is this the beginning of the FITS file? */
    {
        if (!strcmp(name, "SIMPLE"))
        {
            if (value[0] == 'F')
            {
                if (simple)
                    *simple=0;          /* not a simple FITS file */
            }
            else if (value[0] != 'T')
                return(*status = BAD_SIMPLE);
        }

        else
        {
            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                   "First keyword of the file is not SIMPLE: %s", name);
            ffpmsg(message);
            return(*status = NO_SIMPLE);
        }
    }

    else    /* not beginning of the file, so presumably an IMAGE extension */
    {       /* or it could be a compressed image in a binary table */

        if (!strcmp(name, "XTENSION"))
        {
            if (ffc2s(value, xtension, status) > 0)  /* get the value string */
            {
                ffpmsg("Bad value string for XTENSION keyword:");
                ffpmsg(value);
                return(*status);
            }

            /* allow the quoted string value to begin in any column and */
            /* allow any number of trailing blanks before the closing quote */
            if ( (value[0] != '\'')   ||  /* first char must be a quote */
                  ( strcmp(xtension, "IMAGE")  &&
                    strcmp(xtension, "IUEIMAGE") ) )
            {
                unknown = 1;  /* unknown type of extension; press on anyway */
                snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                   "This is not an IMAGE extension: %s", value);
                ffpmsg(message);
            }
        }

        else  /* error: 1st keyword of extension != XTENSION */
        {
            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
            "First keyword of the extension is not XTENSION: %s", name);
            ffpmsg(message);
            return(*status = NO_XTENSION);
        }
    }

    if (unknown && (fptr->Fptr)->compressimg)
    {
        /* this is a compressed image, so read ZBITPIX, ZNAXIS keywords */
        unknown = 0;  /* reset flag */
        ffxmsg(3, message); /* clear previous spurious error message */

        if (bitpix)
        {
            ffgidt(fptr, bitpix, status); /* get bitpix value */

            if (*status > 0)
            {
                ffpmsg("Error reading BITPIX value of compressed image");
                return(*status);
            }
        }

        if (naxis)
        {
            ffgidm(fptr, naxis, status); /* get NAXIS value */

            if (*status > 0)
            {
                ffpmsg("Error reading NAXIS value of compressed image");
                return(*status);
            }
        }

        if (naxes)
        {
            ffgiszll(fptr, maxdim, naxes, status);  /* get NAXISn value */

            if (*status > 0)
            {
                ffpmsg("Error reading NAXISn values of compressed image");
                return(*status);
            }
        }

        nextkey = 9; /* skip required table keywords in the following search */
    }
    else
    {

        /*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
        /*  Get 2nd keyword;  test whether it is BITPIX with legal value  */
        /*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
        ffgkyn(fptr, 2, name, value, comm, status);  /* BITPIX = 2nd keyword */

        if (strcmp(name, "BITPIX"))
        {
            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
            "Second keyword of the extension is not BITPIX: %s", name);
            ffpmsg(message);
            return(*status = NO_BITPIX);
        }

        if (ffc2ii(value,  &longbitpix, status) > 0)
        {
            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
            "Value of BITPIX keyword is not an integer: %s", value);
            ffpmsg(message);
            return(*status = BAD_BITPIX);
        }
        else if (longbitpix != BYTE_IMG && longbitpix != SHORT_IMG &&
             longbitpix != LONG_IMG && longbitpix != LONGLONG_IMG &&
             longbitpix != FLOAT_IMG && longbitpix != DOUBLE_IMG)
        {
            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
            "Illegal value for BITPIX keyword: %s", value);
            ffpmsg(message);
            return(*status = BAD_BITPIX);
        }
        if (bitpix)
            *bitpix = longbitpix;  /* do explicit type conversion */

        /*---------------------------------------------------------------*/
        /*  Get 3rd keyword;  test whether it is NAXIS with legal value  */
        /*---------------------------------------------------------------*/
        ffgtkn(fptr, 3, "NAXIS",  &longnaxis, status);

        if (*status == BAD_ORDER)
            return(*status = NO_NAXIS);
        else if (*status == NOT_POS_INT || longnaxis > 999)
        {
            snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,"NAXIS = %ld is illegal", longnaxis);
            ffpmsg(message);
            return(*status = BAD_NAXIS);
        }
        else
            if (naxis)
                 *naxis = longnaxis;  /* do explicit type conversion */

        /*---------------------------------------------------------*/
        /*  Get the next NAXISn keywords and test for legal values */
        /*---------------------------------------------------------*/
        for (ii=0, nextkey=4; ii < longnaxis; ii++, nextkey++)
        {
            ffkeyn("NAXIS", ii+1, keyword, status);
            ffgtknjj(fptr, 4+ii, keyword, &axislen, status);

            if (*status == BAD_ORDER)
                return(*status = NO_NAXES);
            else if (*status == NOT_POS_INT)
                return(*status = BAD_NAXES);
            else if (ii < maxdim)
                if (naxes)
                    naxes[ii] = axislen;
        }
    }

    /*---------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  now look for other keywords of interest:               */
    /*  BSCALE, BZERO, BLANK, PCOUNT, GCOUNT, EXTEND, and END  */
    /*---------------------------------------------------------*/

    /*  initialize default values in case keyword is not present */
    if (bscale)
        *bscale = 1.0;
    if (bzero)
        *bzero  = 0.0;
    if (pcount)
        *pcount = 0;
    if (gcount)
        *gcount = 1;
    if (extend)
        *extend = 0;
    if (blank)
      *blank = NULL_UNDEFINED; /* no default null value for BITPIX=8,16,32 */

    *nspace = 0;
    found_end = 0;
    tstatus = *status;

    for (; !found_end; nextkey++)  
    {
      /* get next keyword */
      /* don't use ffgkyn here because it trys to parse the card to read */
      /* the value string, thus failing to read the file just because of */
      /* minor syntax errors in optional keywords.                       */

      if (ffgrec(fptr, nextkey, card, status) > 0 )  /* get the 80-byte card */
      {
        if (*status == KEY_OUT_BOUNDS)
        {
          found_end = 1;  /* simply hit the end of the header */
          *status = tstatus;  /* reset error status */
        }
        else          
        {
          ffpmsg("Failed to find the END keyword in header (ffgphd).");
        }
      }
      else /* got the next keyword without error */
      {
        ffgknm(card, name, &namelen, status); /* get the keyword name */

        if (fftrec(name, status) > 0)  /* test keyword name; catches no END */
        {
          snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
              "Name of keyword no. %d contains illegal character(s): %s",
              nextkey, name);
          ffpmsg(message);

          if (nextkey % 36 == 0) /* test if at beginning of 36-card record */
            ffpmsg("  (This may indicate a missing END keyword).");
        }

        if (!strcmp(name, "BSCALE") && bscale)
        {
            *nspace = 0;  /* reset count of blank keywords */
            ffpsvc(card, value, comm, status); /* parse value and comment */

            if (ffc2dd(value, bscale, status) > 0) /* convert to double */
            {
                /* reset error status and continue, but still issue warning */
                *status = tstatus;
                *bscale = 1.0;

                snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                "Error reading BSCALE keyword value as a double: %s", value);
                ffpmsg(message);
            }
        }

        else if (!strcmp(name, "BZERO") && bzero)
        {
            *nspace = 0;  /* reset count of blank keywords */
            ffpsvc(card, value, comm, status); /* parse value and comment */

            if (ffc2dd(value, bzero, status) > 0) /* convert to double */
            {
                /* reset error status and continue, but still issue warning */
                *status = tstatus;
                *bzero = 0.0;

                snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                "Error reading BZERO keyword value as a double: %s", value);
                ffpmsg(message);
            }
        }

        else if (!strcmp(name, "BLANK") && blank)
        {
            *nspace = 0;  /* reset count of blank keywords */
            ffpsvc(card, value, comm, status); /* parse value and comment */

            if (ffc2jj(value, blank, status) > 0) /* convert to LONGLONG */
            {
                /* reset error status and continue, but still issue warning */
                *status = tstatus;
                *blank = NULL_UNDEFINED;

                snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                "Error reading BLANK keyword value as an integer: %s", value);
                ffpmsg(message);
            }
        }

        else if (!strcmp(name, "PCOUNT") && pcount)
        {
            *nspace = 0;  /* reset count of blank keywords */
            ffpsvc(card, value, comm, status); /* parse value and comment */

            if (ffc2ii(value, pcount, status) > 0) /* convert to long */
            {
                snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                "Error reading PCOUNT keyword value as an integer: %s", value);
                ffpmsg(message);
            }
        }

        else if (!strcmp(name, "GCOUNT") && gcount)
        {
            *nspace = 0;  /* reset count of blank keywords */
            ffpsvc(card, value, comm, status); /* parse value and comment */

            if (ffc2ii(value, gcount, status) > 0) /* convert to long */
            {
                snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                "Error reading GCOUNT keyword value as an integer: %s", value);
                ffpmsg(message);
            }
        }

        else if (!strcmp(name, "EXTEND") && extend)
        {
            *nspace = 0;  /* reset count of blank keywords */
            ffpsvc(card, value, comm, status); /* parse value and comment */

            if (ffc2ll(value, extend, status) > 0) /* convert to logical */
            {
                /* reset error status and continue, but still issue warning */
                *status = tstatus;
                *extend = 0;

                snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                "Error reading EXTEND keyword value as a logical: %s", value);
                ffpmsg(message);
            }
        }

        else if (!strcmp(name, "END"))
            found_end = 1;

        else if (!card[0] )
            *nspace = *nspace + 1;  /* this is a blank card in the header */

        else
            *nspace = 0;  /* reset count of blank keywords immediately
                            before the END keyword to zero   */
      }

      if (*status > 0)  /* exit on error after writing error message */
      {
        if ((fptr->Fptr)->curhdu == 0)
            ffpmsg(
            "Failed to read the required primary array header keywords.");
        else
            ffpmsg(
            "Failed to read the required image extension header keywords.");

        return(*status);
      }
    }

    if (unknown)
       *status = NOT_IMAGE;

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgttb(fitsfile *fptr,      /* I - FITS file pointer*/
           LONGLONG *rowlen,        /* O - length of a table row, in bytes */
           LONGLONG *nrows,         /* O - number of rows in the table */
           LONGLONG *pcount,    /* O - value of PCOUNT keyword */
           long *tfields,       /* O - number of fields in the table */
           int *status)         /* IO - error status    */
{
/*
  Get and Test TaBle;
  Test that this is a legal ASCII or binary table and get some keyword values.
  We assume that the calling routine has already tested the 1st keyword
  of the extension to ensure that this is really a table extension.
*/
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fftkyn(fptr, 2, "BITPIX", "8", status) == BAD_ORDER) /* 2nd keyword */
        return(*status = NO_BITPIX);  /* keyword not BITPIX */
    else if (*status == NOT_POS_INT)
        return(*status = BAD_BITPIX); /* value != 8 */

    if (fftkyn(fptr, 3, "NAXIS", "2", status) == BAD_ORDER) /* 3rd keyword */
        return(*status = NO_NAXIS);  /* keyword not NAXIS */
    else if (*status == NOT_POS_INT)
        return(*status = BAD_NAXIS); /* value != 2 */

    if (ffgtknjj(fptr, 4, "NAXIS1", rowlen, status) == BAD_ORDER) /* 4th key */
        return(*status = NO_NAXES);  /* keyword not NAXIS1 */
    else if (*status == NOT_POS_INT)
        return(*status == BAD_NAXES); /* bad NAXIS1 value */

    if (ffgtknjj(fptr, 5, "NAXIS2", nrows, status) == BAD_ORDER) /* 5th key */
        return(*status = NO_NAXES);  /* keyword not NAXIS2 */
    else if (*status == NOT_POS_INT)
        return(*status == BAD_NAXES); /* bad NAXIS2 value */

    if (ffgtknjj(fptr, 6, "PCOUNT", pcount, status) == BAD_ORDER) /* 6th key */
        return(*status = NO_PCOUNT);  /* keyword not PCOUNT */
    else if (*status == NOT_POS_INT)
        return(*status = BAD_PCOUNT); /* bad PCOUNT value */

    if (fftkyn(fptr, 7, "GCOUNT", "1", status) == BAD_ORDER) /* 7th keyword */
        return(*status = NO_GCOUNT);  /* keyword not GCOUNT */
    else if (*status == NOT_POS_INT)
        return(*status = BAD_GCOUNT); /* value != 1 */

    if (ffgtkn(fptr, 8, "TFIELDS", tfields, status) == BAD_ORDER) /* 8th key*/
        return(*status = NO_TFIELDS);  /* keyword not TFIELDS */
    else if (*status == NOT_POS_INT || *tfields > 999)
        return(*status == BAD_TFIELDS); /* bad TFIELDS value */


    if (*status > 0)
       ffpmsg(
       "Error reading required keywords in the table header (FTGTTB).");

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgtkn(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer              */
           int numkey,      /* I - number of the keyword to read  */
           char *name,      /* I - expected name of the keyword   */
           long *value,     /* O - integer value of the keyword   */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                  */
{
/*
  test that keyword number NUMKEY has the expected name and get the
  integer value of the keyword.  Return an error if the keyword
  name does not match the input name, or if the value of the
  keyword is not a positive integer.
*/
    char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], valuestring[FLEN_VALUE];
    char comm[FLEN_COMMENT], message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
   
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);
    
    keyname[0] = '\0';
    valuestring[0] = '\0';

    if (ffgkyn(fptr, numkey, keyname, valuestring, comm, status) <= 0)
    {
        if (strcmp(keyname, name) )
            *status = BAD_ORDER;  /* incorrect keyword name */

        else
        {
            ffc2ii(valuestring, value, status);  /* convert to integer */

            if (*status > 0 || *value < 0 )
               *status = NOT_POS_INT;
        }

        if (*status > 0)
        {
            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
              "ffgtkn found unexpected keyword or value for keyword no. %d.",
              numkey);
            ffpmsg(message);

            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
              " Expected positive integer keyword %s, but instead", name);
            ffpmsg(message);

            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
              " found keyword %s with value %s", keyname, valuestring);
            ffpmsg(message);
        }
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgtknjj(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer              */
           int numkey,      /* I - number of the keyword to read  */
           char *name,      /* I - expected name of the keyword   */
           LONGLONG *value, /* O - integer value of the keyword   */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                  */
{
/*
  test that keyword number NUMKEY has the expected name and get the
  integer value of the keyword.  Return an error if the keyword
  name does not match the input name, or if the value of the
  keyword is not a positive integer.
*/
    char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], valuestring[FLEN_VALUE];
    char comm[FLEN_COMMENT], message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
   
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);
    
    keyname[0] = '\0';
    valuestring[0] = '\0';

    if (ffgkyn(fptr, numkey, keyname, valuestring, comm, status) <= 0)
    {
        if (strcmp(keyname, name) )
            *status = BAD_ORDER;  /* incorrect keyword name */

        else
        {
            ffc2jj(valuestring, value, status);  /* convert to integer */

            if (*status > 0 || *value < 0 )
               *status = NOT_POS_INT;
        }

        if (*status > 0)
        {
            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
              "ffgtknjj found unexpected keyword or value for keyword no. %d.",
              numkey);
            ffpmsg(message);

            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
              " Expected positive integer keyword %s, but instead", name);
            ffpmsg(message);

            snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
              " found keyword %s with value %s", keyname, valuestring);
            ffpmsg(message);
        }
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fftkyn(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer              */
           int numkey,      /* I - number of the keyword to read  */
           char *name,      /* I - expected name of the keyword   */
           char *value,     /* I - expected value of the keyword  */
           int *status)     /* IO - error status                  */
{
/*
  test that keyword number NUMKEY has the expected name and the
  expected value string.
*/
    char keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], valuestring[FLEN_VALUE];
    char comm[FLEN_COMMENT], message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
   
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);
    
    keyname[0] = '\0';
    valuestring[0] = '\0';

    if (ffgkyn(fptr, numkey, keyname, valuestring, comm, status) <= 0)
    {
        if (strcmp(keyname, name) )
            *status = BAD_ORDER;  /* incorrect keyword name */

        if (strcmp(value, valuestring) )
            *status = NOT_POS_INT;  /* incorrect keyword value */
    }

    if (*status > 0)
    {
        snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
          "fftkyn found unexpected keyword or value for keyword no. %d.",
          numkey);
        ffpmsg(message);

        snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
          " Expected keyword %s with value %s, but", name, value);
        ffpmsg(message);

        snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
          " found keyword %s with value %s", keyname, valuestring);
        ffpmsg(message);
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffh2st(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer           */
           char **header,    /* O - returned header string      */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status               */

/*
  read header keywords into a long string of chars.  This routine allocates
  memory for the string, so the calling routine must eventually free the
  memory when it is not needed any more.
*/
{
    int nkeys;
    long nrec;
    LONGLONG headstart;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    /* get number of keywords in the header (doesn't include END) */
    if (ffghsp(fptr, &nkeys, NULL, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    nrec = (nkeys / 36 + 1);

    /* allocate memory for all the keywords (multiple of 2880 bytes) */
    *header = (char *) calloc ( nrec * 2880 + 1, 1);
    if (!(*header))
    {
         *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
         ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory to hold all the header keywords");
         return(*status);
    }

    ffghadll(fptr, &headstart, NULL, NULL, status); /* get header address */
    ffmbyt(fptr, headstart, REPORT_EOF, status);   /* move to header */
    ffgbyt(fptr, nrec * 2880, *header, status);     /* copy header */
    *(*header + (nrec * 2880)) = '\0';

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffhdr2str( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                    */
            int exclude_comm,   /* I - if TRUE, exclude commentary keywords */
            char **exclist,     /* I - list of excluded keyword names       */
            int nexc,           /* I - number of names in exclist           */
            char **header,      /* O - returned header string               */
            int *nkeys,         /* O - returned number of 80-char keywords  */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status                        */
/*
  read header keywords into a long string of chars.  This routine allocates
  memory for the string, so the calling routine must eventually free the
  memory when it is not needed any more.  If exclude_comm is TRUE, then all 
  the COMMENT, HISTORY, and  keywords will be excluded from the output
  string of keywords.  Any other list of keywords to be excluded may be
  specified with the exclist parameter.
*/
{
    int casesn, match, exact, totkeys;
    long ii, jj;
    char keybuf[162], keyname[FLEN_KEYWORD], *headptr;

    *nkeys = 0;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    /* get number of keywords in the header (doesn't include END) */
    if (ffghsp(fptr, &totkeys, NULL, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    /* allocate memory for all the keywords */
    /* (will reallocate it later to minimize the memory size) */
    
    *header = (char *) calloc ( (totkeys + 1) * 80 + 1, 1);
    if (!(*header))
    {
         *status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
         ffpmsg("failed to allocate memory to hold all the header keywords");
         return(*status);
    }

    headptr = *header;
    casesn = FALSE;

    /* read every keyword */
    for (ii = 1; ii <= totkeys; ii++) 
    {
        ffgrec(fptr, ii, keybuf, status);
        /* pad record with blanks so that it is at least 80 chars long */
        strcat(keybuf,
    "                                                                                ");

        keyname[0] = '\0';
        strncat(keyname, keybuf, 8); /* copy the keyword name */
        
        if (exclude_comm)
        {
            if (!FSTRCMP("COMMENT ", keyname) ||
                !FSTRCMP("HISTORY ", keyname) ||
                !FSTRCMP("        ", keyname) )
              continue;  /* skip this commentary keyword */
        }

        /* does keyword match any names in the exclusion list? */
        for (jj = 0; jj < nexc; jj++ )
        {
            ffcmps(exclist[jj], keyname, casesn, &match, &exact);
                 if (match)
                     break;
        }

        if (jj == nexc)
        {
            /* not in exclusion list, add this keyword to the string */
            strcpy(headptr, keybuf);
            headptr += 80;
            (*nkeys)++;
        }
    }

    /* add the END keyword */
    strcpy(headptr,
    "END                                                                             ");
    headptr += 80;
    (*nkeys)++;

    *headptr = '\0';   /* terminate the header string */
    /* minimize the allocated memory */
    *header = (char *) realloc(*header, (*nkeys *80) + 1);  

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffcnvthdr2str( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                    */
            int exclude_comm,   /* I - if TRUE, exclude commentary keywords */
            char **exclist,     /* I - list of excluded keyword names       */
            int nexc,           /* I - number of names in exclist           */
            char **header,      /* O - returned header string               */
            int *nkeys,         /* O - returned number of 80-char keywords  */
            int  *status)       /* IO - error status                        */
/*
  Same as ffhdr2str, except that if the input HDU is a tile compressed image
  (stored in a binary table) then it will first convert that header back
  to that of a normal uncompressed FITS image before concatenating the header
  keyword records.
*/
{
    fitsfile *tempfptr;
    
    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status) )
    {
        /* this is a tile compressed image, so need to make an uncompressed */
	/* copy of the image header in memory before concatenating the keywords */
        if (fits_create_file(&tempfptr, "mem://", status) > 0) {
	    return(*status);
	}

	if (fits_img_decompress_header(fptr, tempfptr, status) > 0) {
	    fits_delete_file(tempfptr, status);
	    return(*status);
	}

	ffhdr2str(tempfptr, exclude_comm, exclist, nexc, header, nkeys, status);
	fits_close_file(tempfptr, status);

    } else {
        ffhdr2str(fptr, exclude_comm, exclist, nexc, header, nkeys, status);
    }

    return(*status);
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/testf77.out0000644000225700000360000010122313472024437014506 0ustar  cagordonlhea FITSIO TESTPROG
  
 Try opening then closing a nonexistent file: 
   ftopen iunit, status (expect an error) =  15 104
   ftclos status =  104
  
 ftinit create new file status =    0
  
 test writing of long string keywords: 
 123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345   
 '12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678'        
 1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234'6789012345   
 '1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234''67'        
 1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234''789012345   
 '1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234'''''        
 1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567'9012345   
 '1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567'         
 Wrote all Keywords successfully 
 ftflus status =    0
  
 HDU number =    1
 Values read back from primary array (99 = null pixel)
 The 1st, and every 4th pixel should be undefined: 
  99  2  3 99  5  6  7 99  9 10 11 99 13 14 15 99 17 18 19 99  T (ftgpvb) 
  99  2  3 99  5  6  7 99  9 10 11 99 13 14 15 99 17 18 19 99  T (ftgpvi) 
  99  2  3 99  5  6  7 99  9 10 11 99 13 14 15 99 17 18 19 99  T (ftgpvj) 
  99. 2. 3.99. 5. 6. 7.99. 9.10.11.99.13.14.15.99.17.18.19.99. T (ftgpve) 
  99. 2. 3.99. 5. 6. 7.99. 9.10.11.99.13.14.15.99.17.18.19.99. T (ftgpvd) 
   0  2  3  0  5  6  7  0  9 10 11  0 13 14 15  0 17 18 19  0  T (ftgpfb)
   0  2  3  0  5  6  7  0  9 10 11  0 13 14 15  0 17 18 19  0  T (ftgpfi)
   0  2  3  0  5  6  7  0  9 10 11  0 13 14 15  0 17 18 19  0  T (ftgpfj)
   0. 2. 3. 0. 5. 6. 7. 0. 9.10.11. 0.13.14.15. 0.17.18.19. 0. T (ftgpfe)
   0. 2. 3. 0. 5. 6. 7. 0. 9.10.11. 0.13.14.15. 0.17.18.19. 0. T (ftgpfd)
  
 Closed then reopened the FITS file 10 times.
  
 HDU number =    1
 Read back keywords: 
 simple, bitpix, naxis, naxes =    T  32   2  10   2
   pcount, gcount, extend =    0   1   T
 KEY_PREC= 'This keyword was written by fxprec' / comment goes here            
 KEY_PREC 'This keyword was written by fxprec comment goes here   
 KEY_PREC= 'This keyword was written by fxprec' / comment goes here            
 KY_PKNS1 :'first string' :fxpkns comment  
 KEY_PKYS :value_string         :fxpkys comment     0
 KEY_PKYL :   T:fxpkyl comment     0
 KEY_PKYJ :  11:fxpkyj comment     0
 KEY_PKYE :    11.00000:fxpkyj comment     0
 KEY_PKYD :    11.00000:fxpkyj comment     0
 KEY_PKYS :value_string         :fxpkys comment     0
 KEY_PKYL :   T:fxpkyl comment     0
 KEY_PKYJ :  11:fxpkyj comment     0
 KEY_PKYE :    13.13131:fxpkye comment     0
 KEY_PKYD :    15.15152:fxpkyd comment     0
 KEY_PKYF :    12.12121:fxpkyf comment     0
 KEY_PKYE :    13.13131:fxpkye comment     0
 KEY_PKYG : 14.141414141414:fxpkyg comment     0
 KEY_PKYD : 15.151515151515:fxpkyd comment     0
 KEY_PKYT  :  12345678:0.12345678901235fxpkyt comment     0
 KEY_PKYJ :  11:[km/s/Mpc] fxpkyj comment                0
 keyword unit=km/s/Mpc          
 KEY_PKYJ :  11:fxpkyj comment                           0
 keyword unit=                  
 KEY_PKYJ :  11:[feet/second/second] fxpkyj comment      0
 keyword unit=feet/second/second
 KEY_PKLS long string value = This is a very long string value that is continued
  over more than one keyword.                                          
 header contains   61 keywords; located at keyword   23
 ftgkns: first string  second string               
 ftgknl:    T   F   T
 ftgknj:   11  12  13
 ftgkne:   13.13131  14.14141  15.15152
 ftgknd:   15.15152  16.16162  17.17172
  
 Before deleting the HISTORY and DATE keywords...
 COMMENT 
 HISTORY 
 DATE    
 KY_PKNS1
  
 After deleting the keywords... 
 COMMENT This keyword was written by fxpcom.                                   
 KY_PKNS1= 'first string'       / fxpkns comment                               
  
 After inserting the keywords... 
 COMMENT   continued over multiple keywords.  The HEASARC convention uses the &
 KY_IREC = 'This keyword inserted by fxirec'                                   
 KY_IKYS = 'insert_value_string' / ikys comment                                
 KY_IKYJ =                   49 / ikyj comment                                 
 KY_IKYL =                    T / ikyl comment                                 
 KY_IKYE =           1.2346E+01 / ikye comment                                 
 KY_IKYD = 1.23456789012346E+01 / ikyd comment                                 
 KY_IKYF =              12.3456 / ikyf comment                                 
 KY_IKYG =     12.3456789012346 / ikyg comment                                 
 COMMENT   character at the end of each substring which is then continued      
  
 After modifying the keywords... 
 COMMENT   This keyword was modified by fxmrec                                 
 KY_MREC = 'This keyword was modified by fxmcrd'                               
 NEWIKYS = 'modified_string'    / ikys comment                                 
 KY_IKYJ =                   50 / This is a modified comment                   
 KY_IKYL =                    F / ikyl comment                                 
 KY_IKYE =          -1.2346E+01 / ikye comment                                 
 KY_IKYD = -1.23456789012346E+01 / modified comment                            
 KY_IKYF =             -12.3456 / ikyf comment                                 
 KY_IKYG =    -12.3456789012346 / ikyg comment                                 
 COMMENT   character at the end of each substring which is then continued      
  
 After updating the keywords... 
 COMMENT   This keyword was modified by fxmrec                                 
 KY_UCRD = 'This keyword was updated by fxucrd'                                
 NEWIKYS = 'updated_string'     / ikys comment                                 
 KY_IKYJ =                   51 / This is a modified comment                   
 KY_IKYL =                    T / ikyl comment                                 
 KY_IKYE =          -1.3346E+01 / ikye comment                                 
 KY_IKYD = -1.33456789012346E+01 / modified comment                            
 KY_IKYF =             -13.3456 / ikyf comment                                 
 KY_IKYG =    -13.3456789012346 / ikyg comment                                 
 COMMENT   character at the end of each substring which is then continued      
  
 Keywords found using wildcard search (should be 9)...
 KEY_PKYS= 'value_string'       / fxpkys comment                               
 KEY_PKYL=                    T / fxpkyl comment                               
 KEY_PKYJ=                   11 / [feet/second/second] fxpkyj comment          
 KEY_PKYF=             12.12121 / fxpkyf comment                               
 KEY_PKYE=         1.313131E+01 / fxpkye comment                               
 KEY_PKYG=    14.14141414141414 / fxpkyg comment                               
 KEY_PKYD= 1.51515151515152E+01 / fxpkyd comment                               
 NEWIKYS = 'updated_string'     / ikys comment                                 
 KEY_PKYT= 12345678.1234567890123456 / fxpkyt comment                          
  
 ftibin status =    0
 HDU number =    2
 header contains   33 keywords located at keyword    1
 header contains   33 keywords with room for   74 more
 TDIM3 = (1,2,8)                 3   1   2   8
 ftpcl_ status =    0
  
 Find the column numbers a returned status value of 237 is
 expected and indicates that more than one column name matches
 the input column name template.  Status = 219 indicates that
 there was no matching column name.
 Column Xvalue is number   3 status =   0
 Column Avalue is number   1 status =  237
 Column Lvalue is number   2 status =  237
 Column Xvalue is number   3 status =  237
 Column Bvalue is number   4 status =  237
 Column Ivalue is number   5 status =  237
 Column Jvalue is number   6 status =  237
 Column Evalue is number   7 status =  237
 Column Dvalue is number   8 status =  237
 Column Cvalue is number   9 status =  237
 Column Mvalue is number  10 status =  237
 Column        is number   0 status =  219
  
 Information about each column: 
 15A  16  15  15 Avalue       A      1.00    0.00  1234554321        
 1L   14   1   1 Lvalue m**2  L      1.00    0.00  1234554321        
 16X   1  16   1 Xvalue cm    X      1.00    0.00  1234554321        
 1B   11   1   1 Bvalue erg/s B      1.00    0.00          99        
 1I   21   1   2 Ivalue km/s  I      1.00    0.00          99        
 1J   41   1   4 Jvalue       J      1.00    0.00          99        
 1E   42   1   4 Evalue       E      1.00    0.00  1234554321        
 1D   82   1   8 Dvalue       D      1.00    0.00  1234554321        
 1C   83   1   8 Cvalue       C      1.00    0.00  1234554321        
 1M  163   1  16 Mvalue       M      1.00    0.00  1234554321        
  
 ftitab status =    0
 HDU number =    2
 ftpcl_ status =    0
  
 ASCII table: rowlen, nrows, tfields, extname: 76 11  5 Test-ASCII     
 Name      1 A15           
 Ivalue   17 I10    m**2   
 Fvalue   28 F14.6  cm     
 Evalue   43 E12.5  erg/s  
 Dvalue   56 D21.14 km/s   
  
 Data values read from ASCII table: 
 first string     1  1  1  1. 1.
 second string    2  2  2  2. 2.
                  3  3  3  3. 3.
 UNDEFINED        4  4  4  4. 4.
                  5  5  5  5. 5.
                  6  6  6  6. 6.
                  7  7  7  7. 7.
                  8  8  8  8. 8.
                  9  9  9  9. 9.
                 10 10 10 10.10.
                 99 99 99 99.99.
  
       1       1.000000  1.00000E+00  1.00000000000000E+00second string        
  
 Column name is number   1 status =    0
 Column Ivalue is number   2 status =  237
 Column Fvalue is number   3 status =  237
 Column Evalue is number   4 status =  237
 Column Dvalue is number   5 status =  237
 Column        is number   0 status =  219
 A15      16   1  15 Name     1            1.00      0.00 null1   
 I10      41   1  10 Ivalue  17 m**2       1.00      0.00 null2   
 F14.6    82   1  14 Fvalue  28 cm         1.00      0.00 null3   
 E12.5    42   1  12 Evalue  43 erg/s      1.00      0.00 null4   
 D21.14   82   1  21 Dvalue  56 km/s       1.00      0.00 null5   
  
  
 Data values after inserting 3 rows after row 2:
 first string     1  1  1  1. 1.
 second string    2  2  2  2. 2.
                  0  0  0  0. 0.
                  0  0  0  0. 0.
                  0  0  0  0. 0.
                  3  3  3  3. 3.
 UNDEFINED        4  4  4  4. 4.
                  5  5  5  5. 5.
                  6  6  6  6. 6.
                  7  7  7  7. 7.
                  8  8  8  8. 8.
                  9  9  9  9. 9.
                 10 10 10 10.10.
                 99 99 99 99.99.
  
 Data values after deleting 2 rows at row 10: 
 first string     1  1  1  1. 1.
 second string    2  2  2  2. 2.
                  0  0  0  0. 0.
                  0  0  0  0. 0.
                  0  0  0  0. 0.
                  3  3  3  3. 3.
 UNDEFINED        4  4  4  4. 4.
                  5  5  5  5. 5.
                  6  6  6  6. 6.
                  9  9  9  9. 9.
                 10 10 10 10.10.
                 99 99 99 99.99.
  
 Data values after deleting column 3: 
 first string     1  1  1. 1.
 second string    2  2  2. 2.
                  0  0  0. 0.
                  0  0  0. 0.
                  0  0  0. 0.
                  3  3  3. 3.
 UNDEFINED        4  4  4. 4.
                  5  5  5. 5.
                  6  6  6. 6.
                  9  9  9. 9.
                 10 10 10.10.
                 99 99 99.99.
  
  Data values after inserting column 5: 
 first string     1  1  1. 1. 0
 second string    2  2  2. 2. 0
                  0  0  0. 0. 0
                  0  0  0. 0. 0
                  0  0  0. 0. 0
                  3  3  3. 3. 0
 UNDEFINED        4  4  4. 4. 0
                  5  5  5. 5. 0
                  6  6  6. 6. 0
                  9  9  9. 9. 0
                 10 10 10.10. 0
                 99 99 99.99. 0
 HDU number =    3
  
 Moved to binary table
 header contains   37 keywords with room for   70 more 
  
 Binary table: nrows, tfields, extname, pcount:  21  10Test-BINTABLE     0
 Avalue         15A                           
 Lvalue         1L             m**2           
 Xvalue         16X            cm             
 Bvalue         1B             erg/s          
 Ivalue         1I             km/s           
 Jvalue         1J                            
 Evalue         1E                            
 Dvalue         1D                            
 Cvalue         1C                            
 Mvalue         1M                            
  
 Data values read from binary table: 
  Bit column (X) data values:   
 FTFFTTFF FTTTFFFF TTTTFFFF FTTTTTFF FFFFFFFF
   
 null string column value (should be blank):                              
  
 Read columns with ftgcv_: 
 first string     F  76   1   1   1   1.   1.   1.  -2.   1.  -2.
 second string    T 112   2   2   2   2.   2.   3.  -4.   3.  -4.
                  F 240   3   3   3   3.   3.   5.  -6.   5.  -6.
 NOT DEFINED      F 124   0  -4  -4  -4.  -4.   7.  -8.   7.  -8.
 NOT DEFINED      T   0   5   5   5   5.   5.   9. -10.   9. -10.
 NOT DEFINED      T   0   0  -6  -6  -6.  -6.  11. -12.  11. -12.
 NOT DEFINED      F   0   7   7   7   7.   7.  13. -14.  13. -14.
 NOT DEFINED      F   0   0  -8  -8  -8.  -8.  15. -16.  15. -16.
 NOT DEFINED      F   0   9   9   9   9.   9.  17. -18.  17. -18.
 NOT DEFINED      T   0   0 -10 -10 -10. -10.  19. -20.  19. -20.
 NOT DEFINED      F   0  98  98  98  98.  98.   0.   0.   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      T   0  12  12  12  12.  12.   0.   0.   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      F   0  98  98  98  98.  98.   0.   0.   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      F   0   0 -14 -14 -14. -14.   0.   0.   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      F   0  98  98  98  98.  98.   0.   0.   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      F   0   0 -16 -16 -16. -16.   0.   0.   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      T   0  98  98  98  98.  98.   0.   0.   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      T   0   0 -18 -18 -18. -18.   0.   0.   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      T   0  98  98  98  98.  98.   0.   0.   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      T   0   0 -20 -20 -20. -20.   0.   0.   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      F   0  98  98  98  98.  98.   0.   0.   0.   0.
  
  Read columns with ftgcf_: 
 first string     F  76   1   1   1   1.   1.   1.  -2.   1.  -2.
 second string    T 112   2   2   2   2.   2.   3.  -4.   3.  -4.
                  F 240   3   3   3   3.   3.   5.  -6.   5.  -6.
                  F 124   0  -4  -4  -4.  -4.   7.  -8.   7.  -8.
                  T   0   5   5   5   5.   5.   9. -10.   9. -10.
                  T   0   0  -6  -6  -6.  -6.  11. -12.  11. -12.
                  F   0   7   7   7   7.   7.  13. -14.  13. -14.
                  F   0   0  -8  -8  -8.  -8.  15. -16.  15. -16.
                  F   0   9   9   9   9.   9.  17. -18.  17. -18.
                  T   0   0 -10 -10 -10. -10.  19. -20.  19. -20.
                  F   0  99  99
                  T   0  12  12
                  F   0  99  99
                  F   0   0 -14
                  F   0  99  99
                  F   0   0 -16
                  T   0  99  99
                  T   0   0 -18
                  T   0  99  99
                  T   0   0 -20
                  F   0  99  99
  
 Data values after inserting 3 rows after row 2:
 first string     1   1   1   1.   1.
 second string    2   2   2   2.   2.
 NOT DEFINED      0   0   0   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      0   0   0   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      0   0   0   0.   0.
                  3   3   3   3.   3.
 NOT DEFINED      0  -4  -4  -4.  -4.
 NOT DEFINED      5   5   5   5.   5.
 NOT DEFINED      0  -6  -6  -6.  -6.
 NOT DEFINED      7   7   7   7.   7.
 NOT DEFINED      0  -8  -8  -8.  -8.
 NOT DEFINED      9   9   9   9.   9.
 NOT DEFINED      0 -10 -10 -10. -10.
 NOT DEFINED     98  98  98  98.  98.
  
 Data values after deleting 2 rows at row 10: 
 first string     1   1   1   1.   1.
 second string    2   2   2   2.   2.
 NOT DEFINED      0   0   0   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      0   0   0   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      0   0   0   0.   0.
                  3   3   3   3.   3.
 NOT DEFINED      0  -4  -4  -4.  -4.
 NOT DEFINED      5   5   5   5.   5.
 NOT DEFINED      0  -6  -6  -6.  -6.
 NOT DEFINED      9   9   9   9.   9.
 NOT DEFINED      0 -10 -10 -10. -10.
 NOT DEFINED     98  98  98  98.  98.
  
 Data values after deleting column 6: 
 first string     1   1   1.   1.
 second string    2   2   2.   2.
 NOT DEFINED      0   0   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      0   0   0.   0.
 NOT DEFINED      0   0   0.   0.
                  3   3   3.   3.
 NOT DEFINED      0  -4  -4.  -4.
 NOT DEFINED      5   5   5.   5.
 NOT DEFINED      0  -6  -6.  -6.
 NOT DEFINED      9   9   9.   9.
 NOT DEFINED      0 -10 -10. -10.
 NOT DEFINED     98  98  98.  98.
  
 Data values after inserting column 8: 
 first string     1   1   1.   1.  0
 second string    2   2   2.   2.  0
 NOT DEFINED      0   0   0.   0.  0
 NOT DEFINED      0   0   0.   0.  0
 NOT DEFINED      0   0   0.   0.  0
                  3   3   3.   3.  0
 NOT DEFINED      0  -4  -4.  -4.  0
 NOT DEFINED      5   5   5.   5.  0
 NOT DEFINED      0  -6  -6.  -6.  0
 NOT DEFINED      9   9   9.   9.  0
 NOT DEFINED      0 -10 -10. -10.  0
 NOT DEFINED     98  98  98.  98.  0
  
 Values after setting 1st 10 elements in column 8 = null: 
 first string     1   1   1.   1. 98
 second string    2   2   2.   2. 98
 NOT DEFINED      0   0   0.   0. 98
 NOT DEFINED      0   0   0.   0. 98
 NOT DEFINED      0   0   0.   0. 98
                  3   3   3.   3. 98
 NOT DEFINED      0  -4  -4.  -4. 98
 NOT DEFINED      5   5   5.   5. 98
 NOT DEFINED      0  -6  -6.  -6. 98
 NOT DEFINED      9   9   9.   9. 98
 NOT DEFINED      0 -10 -10. -10.  0
 NOT DEFINED     98  98  98.  98.  0
  
 ftibin status =    0
 HDU number =    2
      0  1000 10000 33000 66000  -999
      0  1000 10000 32768 65535  -999
      0  1000 10000 32800 65500  -999
  
      0     1    10    33    66  -999
 -32768-31768-22768     0 32767  -999
     -1     9    99   327   654  -999
  
  Create image extension: ftiimg status =    0
 HDU number =    3
  
 Wrote whole 2D array: ftp2di status =   0
  
 Read whole 2D array: ftg2di status =   0
    0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11  12  13  14   0   0   0   0
   10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20  21  22  23  24   0   0   0   0
   20  21  22  23  24  25  26  27  28  29  30  31  32  33  34   0   0   0   0
   30  31  32  33  34  35  36  37  38  39  40  41  42  43  44   0   0   0   0
   40  41  42  43  44  45  46  47  48  49  50  51  52  53  54   0   0   0   0
   50  51  52  53  54  55  56  57  58  59  60  61  62  63  64   0   0   0   0
   60  61  62  63  64  65  66  67  68  69  70  71  72  73  74   0   0   0   0
   70  71  72  73  74  75  76  77  78  79  80  81  82  83  84   0   0   0   0
   80  81  82  83  84  85  86  87  88  89  90  91  92  93  94   0   0   0   0
   90  91  92  93  94  95  96  97  98  99 100 101 102 103 104   0   0   0   0
  100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114   0   0   0   0
  110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124   0   0   0   0
  120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134   0   0   0   0
  130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144   0   0   0   0
  140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154   0   0   0   0
  150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164   0   0   0   0
  160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174   0   0   0   0
  170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184   0   0   0   0
  180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194   0   0   0   0
  190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204   0   0   0   0
  200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214   0   0   0   0
  210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224   0   0   0   0
  220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234   0   0   0   0
  230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244   0   0   0   0
  240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254   0   0   0   0
    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
  
  
 Wrote subset 2D array: ftpssi status =   0
  
 Read whole 2D array: ftg2di status =   0
    0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11  12  13  14   0   0   0   0
   10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20  21  22  23  24   0   0   0   0
   20  21  22  23  24  25  26  27  28  29  30  31  32  33  34   0   0   0   0
   30  31  32  33  34  35  36  37  38  39  40  41  42  43  44   0   0   0   0
   40  41  42  43   0  -1  -2  -3  -4  -5  -6  -7  -8  -9  54   0   0   0   0
   50  51  52  53 -10 -11 -12 -13 -14 -15 -16 -17 -18 -19  64   0   0   0   0
   60  61  62  63 -20 -21 -22 -23 -24 -25 -26 -27 -28 -29  74   0   0   0   0
   70  71  72  73 -30 -31 -32 -33 -34 -35 -36 -37 -38 -39  84   0   0   0   0
   80  81  82  83 -40 -41 -42 -43 -44 -45 -46 -47 -48 -49  94   0   0   0   0
   90  91  92  93 -50 -51 -52 -53 -54 -55 -56 -57 -58 -59 104   0   0   0   0
  100 101 102 103 -60 -61 -62 -63 -64 -65 -66 -67 -68 -69 114   0   0   0   0
  110 111 112 113 -70 -71 -72 -73 -74 -75 -76 -77 -78 -79 124   0   0   0   0
  120 121 122 123 -80 -81 -82 -83 -84 -85 -86 -87 -88 -89 134   0   0   0   0
  130 131 132 133 -90 -91 -92 -93 -94 -95 -96 -97 -98 -99 144   0   0   0   0
  140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154   0   0   0   0
  150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164   0   0   0   0
  160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174   0   0   0   0
  170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184   0   0   0   0
  180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194   0   0   0   0
  190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204   0   0   0   0
  200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214   0   0   0   0
  210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224   0   0   0   0
  220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234   0   0   0   0
  230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244   0   0   0   0
  240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254   0   0   0   0
    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
  
  
 Read subset of 2D array: ftgsvi status =    0
    41   43   -1   -3   -5   71   73  -31  -33  -35
  
 Create image extension: ftiimg status =   0
 HDU number =    4
 Create temporary file: ftinit status =    0
 Copy image extension to primary array of tmp file.
 ftcopy status =    0
 SIMPLE  =                    T / file does conform to FITS standard           
 BITPIX  =                   16 / number of bits per data pixel                
 NAXIS   =                    2 / number of data axes                          
 NAXIS1  =                   15 / length of data axis 1                        
 NAXIS2  =                   25 / length of data axis 2                        
 EXTEND  =                    T / FITS dataset may contain extensions          
 Delete the tmp file: ftdelt status =   0
 Delete the image extension hdutype, status =   1   0
 HDU number =    4
 ftcrhd status =    0
 Variable length arrays: ftphbn status =   0
 ftpcl_ status =    0
 PCOUNT = 4446
 HDU number =    6
 A                                   0
 L  0  F
 X  0  F
 B  1  0
 I  1  0
 J  1  0
 E  1. 0.
 D  1. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =    1   14
 A  ab                               0
 L  0  F  T
 X  0  F  T
 B 99  2  0
 I 99  2  0
 J 99  2  0
 E 99. 2. 0.
 D 99. 2. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =    2   49
 A  abc                              0
 L  0  F  F  F
 X  0  F  T  F
 B  1 99  3  0
 I  1 99  3  0
 J  1 99  3  0
 E  1.99. 3. 0.
 D  1.99. 3. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =    3  105
 A  abcd                             0
 L  0  F  T  F  F
 X  0  F  T  F  F
 B  1  2 99  4  0
 I  1  2 99  4  0
 J  1  2 99  4  0
 E  1. 2.99. 4. 0.
 D  1. 2.99. 4. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =    4  182
 A  abcde                            0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  T
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T
 B  1  2  3 99  5  0
 I  1  2  3 99  5  0
 J  1  2  3 99  5  0
 E  1. 2. 3.99. 5. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3.99. 5. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =    5  280
 A  abcdef                           0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  F  T
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T  T
 B  1  2  3  4 99  6  0
 I  1  2  3  4 99  6  0
 J  1  2  3  4 99  6  0
 E  1. 2. 3. 4.99. 6. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3. 4.99. 6. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =    6  399
 A  abcdefg                          0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  T  F  F
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F
 B  1  2  3  4  5 99  7  0
 I  1  2  3  4  5 99  7  0
 J  1  2  3  4  5 99  7  0
 E  1. 2. 3. 4. 5.99. 7. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3. 4. 5.99. 7. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =    7  539
 A  abcdefgh                         0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F
 B  1  2  3  4  5  6 99  8  0
 I  1  2  3  4  5  6 99  8  0
 J  1  2  3  4  5  6 99  8  0
 E  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.99. 8. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.99. 8. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =    8  700
 A  abcdefghi                        0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F
 B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7 99  9  0
 I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7 99  9  0
 J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7 99  9  0
 E  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.99. 9. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.99. 9. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =    9  883
 A  abcdefghij                       0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T
 B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8 99 10  0
 I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8 99 10  0
 J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8 99 10  0
 E  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.99.10. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.99.10. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =   10 1087
 A  abcdefghijk                      0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  F  T
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T
 B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 99 11  0
 I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 99 11  0
 J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 99 11  0
 E  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.99.11. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.99.11. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =   11 1312
 A  abcdefghijkl                     0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  F  T
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T
 B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 99 12  0
 I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 99 12  0
 J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 99 12  0
 E  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.99.12. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.99.12. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =   12 1558
 A  abcdefghijklm                    0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  F  F
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T  F
 B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 99 13  0
 I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 99 13  0
 J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 99 13  0
 E  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.99.13. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.99.13. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =   13 1825
 A  abcdefghijklmn                   0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T  F  F
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T  F  F
 B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 99 14  0
 I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 99 14  0
 J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 99 14  0
 E  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.12.99.14. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.12.99.14. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =   14 2113
 A  abcdefghijklmno                  0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T  F  F  F
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T  F  F  F
 B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 99 15  0
 I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 99 15  0
 J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 99 15  0
 E  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.12.13.99.15. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.12.13.99.15. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =   15 2422
 A  abcdefghijklmnop                 0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T  F  F  F  F
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T  F  F  F  F
 B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 99 16  0
 I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 99 16  0
 J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 99 16  0
 E  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.12.13.14.99.16. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.12.13.14.99.16. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =   16 2752
 A  abcdefghijklmnopq                0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T  F  F  F  F  T
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T  F  F  F  F  T
 B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 99 17  0
 I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 99 17  0
 J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 99 17  0
 E  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.12.13.14.15.99.17. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.12.13.14.15.99.17. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =   17 3104
 A  abcdefghijklmnopqr               0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T  F  F  F  F  F  T
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T  F  F  F  F  T  T
 B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 99 18  0
 I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 99 18  0
 J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 99 18  0
 E  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.99.18. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.99.18. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =   18 3477
 A  abcdefghijklmnopqrs              0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T  F  F  F  F  T  F  T
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T  F  F  F  F  T  T  T
 B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 99 19  0
 I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 99 19  0
 J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 99 19  0
 E  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.99.19. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.99.19. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =   19 3871
 A  abcdefghijklmnopqrst             0
 L  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T  F  F  F  F  T  T  F  T
 X  0  F  T  F  F  T  T  F  F  F  T  T  T  F  F  F  F  T  T  T  T
 B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 99 20  0
 I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 99 20  0
 J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 99 20  0
 E  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.99.20. 0.
 D  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.99.20. 0.
 Column 8 repeat and offset =   20 4286
  
 Create image extension: ftiimg status =   0
 ftppr status =    0
  
 Image values written with ftppr and read with ftgpv:
   0  2  4  6  8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26  F (byte)
   0  2  4  6  8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26  F (short)
   0  2  4  6  8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26  F (int)
   0  2  4  6  8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26  F (long)
   0. 2. 4. 6. 8.10.12.14.16.18.20.22.24.26. F (float)
   0. 2. 4. 6. 8.10.12.14.16.18.20.22.24.26. F (double)
  
 Wrote WCS keywords status =   0
 Read WCS keywords with ftgics status =   0
   CRVAL1, CRVAL2 =  45.830  63.570
   CRPIX1, CRPIX2 = 256.000 257.000
   CDELT1, CDELT2 = -0.00277777  0.00277777
   Rotation =   0.000 CTYPE =-TAN    
 Calculated sky coord. with ftwldp status =   0
  Pixels (  0.500000  0.500000) --> ( 47.385204 62.848968) Sky
 Calculated pixel coord. with ftxypx status =   0
  Sky ( 47.385204 62.848968) --> (  0.500000  0.500000) Pixels
  
 ftitab status =    0
 ftpcl status =    0
 Column values written with ftpcl and read with ftgcl: 
   0  3  6  9 12 15 18 21 24 27  F (byte) 
   0  3  6  9 12 15 18 21 24 27  F (short) 
   0  3  6  9 12 15 18 21 24 27  F (int) 
   0  3  6  9 12 15 18 21 24 27  F (long) 
   0. 3. 6. 9.12.15.18.21.24.27. F (float) 
   0. 3. 6. 9.12.15.18.21.24.27. F (double) 
  
 Repeatedly move to the 1st 4 HDUs of the file: 
  
 Encode checksum:  1234567890.0 -> dCW2fBU0dBU0dBU0 
 Decode checksum: dCW2fBU0dBU0dBU0  ->  1234567890.0
 DATASUM = '2338390162'
 ftgcks data checksum, status =  2338390162.0   0
 ftvcks datastatus, hdustatus, status =     1   1   0
 ftupck status =    0
 DATASUM = '2338390162'
 ftvcks datastatus, hdustatus, status =     1   1   0
 ftclos status =    0
  
 Normally, there should be 8 error messages on the
 stack all regarding 'numerical overflows':
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.         
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.         
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.         
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.         
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.         
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.         
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.         
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.         
  
 Status =   0: OK - no error                                     
cfitsio-4.3.1/CMakeLists.txt0000755000225700000360000002664014523040232015213 0ustar  cagordonlhea#==============================================================================
# CFITSIO CMakeLists.txt
#==============================================================================

# Ensure that build directory is not the source directory:
IF(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR} STREQUAL ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR})
	message(FATAL_ERROR
		"Please create a separate directory for building CFITSIO."
		)
ENDIF()

CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 3.1)

# Suppress warning about WIN32 no longer being defined on Cygwin:
SET(CMAKE_LEGACY_CYGWIN_WIN32 0)

PROJECT(CFITSIO
	DESCRIPTION "Library of C and Fortran subroutines for reading and writing data files in FITS data format."
	LANGUAGES C CXX
	)

# Define project version
SET(${PROJECT_NAME}_MAJOR 4)
SET(${PROJECT_NAME}_MINOR 3)
SET(${PROJECT_NAME}_MICRO 1)
SET(${PROJECT_NAME}_VERSION ${${PROJECT_NAME}_MAJOR}.${${PROJECT_NAME}_MINOR}.${${PROJECT_NAME}_MICRO})
SET(LIB_NAME cfitsio)

# Allow @rpath token in target install name on Macs.
# See "cmake --help-policy CMP0042" for more information.
IF(POLICY CMP0042)
  CMAKE_POLICY(SET CMP0042 NEW)
ENDIF()

INCLUDE(CheckLibraryExists)
INCLUDE(CheckFunctionExists)
INCLUDE(CheckSymbolExists)
INCLUDE(CheckCSourceCompiles)

#==============================================================================
# Build options:
#==============================================================================

# Allow the developer to select if Dynamic or Static libraries are built
OPTION(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS "Build Shared Libraries" ON)

# Allow curl dependency to be disabled with "-DUSE_CURL=OFF":
OPTION(USE_CURL "USE_CURL" ON)

OPTION(USE_PTHREADS "Thread-safe build (using pthreads)" OFF)

OPTION(TESTS "Build test programs Testprog and cookbook" OFF)

OPTION(UTILS "Build FPack, Funpack, and Fitscopy executables" OFF)

OPTION(USE_SSE2 "Enable use of instructions in the SSE2 extended instruction set" OFF)

OPTION(USE_SSSE3 "Enable use of instructions in the SSSE3 extended instruction set" OFF)

IF(NOT WIN32)
    OPTION(USE_BZIP2 "Enable bzip2 support" OFF)
ENDIF()

#==============================================================================

FIND_PACKAGE(ZLIB REQUIRED)

IF(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS)
  SET (LIB_TYPE SHARED)
ELSE()
  SET (LIB_TYPE STATIC)
ENDIF(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS)

IF(NOT WIN32)
   # Find curl library, for HTTPS support:
   IF(USE_CURL)
      FIND_PACKAGE(CURL)
      IF(CURL_FOUND)
         ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DCFITSIO_HAVE_CURL)
      ENDIF()
   ENDIF()
ENDIF(NOT WIN32)

IF(USE_PTHREADS)
   FIND_PACKAGE(Threads REQUIRED)
   ADD_DEFINITIONS(-D_REENTRANT)
ENDIF(USE_PTHREADS)

IF(USE_BZIP2)
   FIND_PACKAGE(BZip2 REQUIRED)
   ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DHAVE_BZIP2=1)
ENDIF(USE_BZIP2)

# Math library (not available in MSVC or MINGW)
IF(MSVC OR MINGW)
   SET(M_LIB "")
ELSE()
   FIND_LIBRARY(M_LIB m)
ENDIF()

# Support for remote file drivers is not implemented for native Windows:
IF (NOT MSVC)

    # Find library needed for gethostbyname:
    CHECK_FUNCTION_EXISTS("gethostbyname" CMAKE_HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME)
    IF (NOT CMAKE_HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME)
        CHECK_LIBRARY_EXISTS("nsl" "gethostbyname" "" CMAKE_HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME)
    ENDIF ()

    # Find library needed for connect:
    CHECK_FUNCTION_EXISTS("connect" CMAKE_HAVE_CONNECT)
    IF (NOT CMAKE_HAVE_CONNECT)
        CHECK_LIBRARY_EXISTS("socket" "connect" "" CMAKE_HAVE_CONNECT)
    ENDIF ()

    # Define HAVE_NET_SERVICES if gethostbyname & connect were found:
    IF (CMAKE_HAVE_GETHOSTBYNAME AND CMAKE_HAVE_CONNECT)
        ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DHAVE_NET_SERVICES)
        CHECK_SYMBOL_EXISTS(fmemopen "stdio.h" HAVE_FMEMOPEN)
        IF(HAVE_FMEMOPEN)
            ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DHAVE_FMEMOPEN)
        ENDIF()
    ENDIF()

ENDIF()

IF(MSVC OR BORLAND)
    # Define
    ADD_DEFINITIONS(-D_CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE)
    # Need an empty unistd.h in MSVC for flex-generated eval_l.c:
    FILE(WRITE ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/unistd.h "")
    INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR})
ENDIF()

IF(BORLAND)
    # Suppress spurious Borland compiler warnings about "Suspicious
    # pointer arithmetic", "Possibly incorrect assignment", and
    # "Comparing signed and unsigned values".
    ADD_DEFINITIONS(-w-spa)
    ADD_DEFINITIONS(-w-pia)
    ADD_DEFINITIONS(-w-csu)
ENDIF()

IF(USE_SSE2)
    IF("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "GNU" OR
       "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang" OR
       "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "AppleClang")
        ADD_COMPILE_OPTIONS(-msse2)
    ENDIF()
    IF(MSVC)
        ADD_DEFINITIONS(-D__SSE2__=1)
    ENDIF()
ENDIF()

IF(USE_SSSE3)
    IF("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "GNU" OR
       "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "Clang" OR
       "${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" STREQUAL "AppleClang")
        ADD_COMPILE_OPTIONS(-mssse3)
    ENDIF()
    IF(MSVC)
        ADD_DEFINITIONS(-D__SSE2__=1 -D__SSSE3__=1)
    ENDIF()
ENDIF()

# Test for the unix ftruncate function
CHECK_SYMBOL_EXISTS(ftruncate "unistd.h" HAVE_FTRUNCATE)
IF(HAVE_FTRUNCATE)
    ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DHAVE_UNISTD_H -DHAVE_FTRUNCATE)
ENDIF()

# Check is System V IPC is supported on this machine
CHECK_C_SOURCE_COMPILES("
#include 
#include 
#include 
int main() {
  shmat(0,0,0);
  shmdt(0);
  shmget(0, 0, 0);
  semget(0, 0, 0);
  return 0;
}" HAVE_SHMEM_SERVICES)
IF(HAVE_SHMEM_SERVICES)
    ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DHAVE_SHMEM_SERVICES)

    # Some systems define flock_t, for others we have to define it ourselves
    CHECK_C_SOURCE_COMPILES("
    #include 
    int main() {
      flock_t filler;
      return 0;
    }" HAVE_FLOCK_T)
    IF(HAVE_FLOCK_T)
        ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DHAVE_FLOCK_T)
    ENDIF()

    # Check union semun
    CHECK_C_SOURCE_COMPILES("
    #include 
    #include 
    #include 
    int main() {
      union semun filler;
      return 0;
    }" HAVE_UNION_SEMUN)
    IF(HAVE_UNION_SEMUN)
        ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DHAVE_UNION_SEMUN)
    ENDIF()
ENDIF()

IF(WIN32 AND BUILD_SHARED_LIBS)
    ADD_DEFINITIONS(-Dcfitsio_EXPORTS)
ENDIF()

#==============================================================================
# CFITSIO source code:
#==============================================================================

set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH} "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}")
set (LIB_DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib${LIB_SUFFIX}")
set (INCLUDE_INSTALL_DIR "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/include/")
set (BIN_DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/bin")

SET(H_FILES fitsio.h fitsio2.h longnam.h)

SET(SRC_FILES
    buffers.c cfileio.c checksum.c
    drvrfile.c drvrmem.c drvrnet.c drvrsmem.c
    editcol.c edithdu.c eval_f.c eval_l.c eval_y.c
    f77_wrap1.c f77_wrap2.c f77_wrap3.c f77_wrap4.c
    fits_hcompress.c fits_hdecompress.c fitscore.c
    getcol.c getcolb.c getcold.c getcole.c getcoli.c getcolj.c getcolk.c
    getcoll.c getcols.c getcolsb.c getcolui.c getcoluj.c getcoluk.c
    getkey.c group.c grparser.c histo.c imcompress.c iraffits.c modkey.c
    pliocomp.c
    putcol.c putcolb.c putcold.c putcole.c putcoli.c putcolj.c putcolk.c
    putcoll.c putcols.c putcolsb.c putcolu.c putcolui.c putcoluj.c putcoluk.c
    putkey.c quantize.c region.c ricecomp.c scalnull.c simplerng.c swapproc.c
    wcssub.c wcsutil.c zcompress.c zuncompress.c
)

# For future modifications:

# drvrsmem.c is only usable if HAVE_SHMEM_SERVICES is defined:
#drvrsmem.c

# drvrgsiftp.c is only usable if HAVE_NET_SERVICES & HAVE_GSIFTP are defined:
#drvrgsiftp.c

#==============================================================================
# Add libraries:
#==============================================================================
ADD_LIBRARY(${LIB_NAME} ${LIB_TYPE} ${H_FILES} ${SRC_FILES})
# Add an alias definition to handle export namespace for
# add_subdirectory():
ADD_LIBRARY(${LIB_NAME}::${LIB_NAME} ALIAS ${LIB_NAME})

TARGET_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${LIB_NAME} PUBLIC
    $
    $
    $
)
# Math:
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(${LIB_NAME} ${M_LIB})
# zlib:
IF (ZLIB_FOUND)
    TARGET_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${LIB_NAME} PUBLIC ${ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIR})
    TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(${LIB_NAME} ${ZLIB_LIBRARIES})
    # For cfitsio.pc.cmake:
    SET (PKG_CONFIG_LIBS "${PKG_CONFIG_LIBS} -lz")
ENDIF(ZLIB_FOUND)
# cURL:
IF (CURL_FOUND)
    TARGET_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${LIB_NAME} PUBLIC ${CURL_INCLUDE_DIRS})
    TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(${LIB_NAME} ${CURL_LIBRARIES})
    # For cfitsio.pc.cmake:
    SET (PKG_CONFIG_LIBS "${PKG_CONFIG_LIBS} -lcurl")
ENDIF(CURL_FOUND)
# PThreads:
IF (THREADS_FOUND)
    TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(${LIB_NAME} Threads::Threads)
ENDIF(THREADS_FOUND)
# BZip2:
IF (BZIP2_FOUND)
    TARGET_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${LIB_NAME} PUBLIC ${BZIP2_INCLUDE_DIRS})
    TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(${LIB_NAME} ${BZIP2_LIBRARIES})
    SET (PKG_CONFIG_LIBS "${PKG_CONFIG_LIBS} -lbz2")
ENDIF(BZIP2_FOUND)

SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(${LIB_NAME} PROPERTIES VERSION ${${PROJECT_NAME}_VERSION} SOVERSION ${${PROJECT_NAME}_MAJOR})

include(GNUInstallDirs)
include(CMakePackageConfigHelpers)

install(TARGETS ${LIB_NAME} EXPORT ${LIB_NAME}-targets
        RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}
        LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}
        ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}
)
install(EXPORT ${LIB_NAME}-targets DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/cmake)
install(FILES ${H_FILES} DESTINATION ${INCLUDE_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT Devel)

#==============================================================================
# Optional test programs:
#==============================================================================
IF (TESTS)

    ENABLE_TESTING()

    ADD_EXECUTABLE(TestProg testprog.c)
    TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(TestProg ${LIB_NAME})
    ADD_TEST(TestProg TestProg)
    # Copy testprog.tpt to build directory to allow quick test
    # of ./TestProg (or .\Release\TestProg.exe in MSVC):
    FILE(COPY ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/testprog.tpt DESTINATION ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})

    ADD_EXECUTABLE(cookbook cookbook.c)
    TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(cookbook ${LIB_NAME})
    ADD_TEST(cookbook cookbook)

ENDIF(TESTS)

#==============================================================================
# Optional utilities:
#==============================================================================
IF (UTILS)

    ADD_EXECUTABLE(FPack fpack.c fpackutil.c)
    TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(FPack ${LIB_NAME})

    ADD_EXECUTABLE(Funpack funpack.c fpackutil.c)
    TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(Funpack ${LIB_NAME})

    ADD_EXECUTABLE(Fitscopy fitscopy.c)
    TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(Fitscopy ${LIB_NAME})

    # To expand the command line arguments in Windows, see:
    # http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/8bch7bkk.aspx
    if(MSVC)
      set_target_properties(FPack Funpack PROPERTIES LINK_FLAGS "setargv.obj")
    endif(MSVC)

    install(TARGETS FPack Funpack Fitscopy RUNTIME DESTINATION bin)

ENDIF(UTILS)

#==============================================================================
# cfitsio.pc
#==============================================================================
configure_file(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cfitsio.pc.cmake ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cfitsio.pc @ONLY)
configure_file(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cfitsio-config.cmake.in ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cfitsio-config.cmake @ONLY)
configure_file(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cfitsio-config-version.cmake.in ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cfitsio-config-version.cmake @ONLY)
install(FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cfitsio.pc DESTINATION lib/pkgconfig/)
install(FILES ${CFITSIO_BINARY_DIR}/cfitsio-config.cmake
              ${CFITSIO_BINARY_DIR}/cfitsio-config-version.cmake
              DESTINATION lib/cfitsio-${CFITSIO_VERSION})
cfitsio-4.3.1/speed.c0000644000225700000360000003614313472024437013726 0ustar  cagordonlhea#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

/*
  Every program which uses the CFITSIO interface must include the
  the fitsio.h header file.  This contains the prototypes for all
  the routines and defines the error status values and other symbolic
  constants used in the interface.  
*/
#include "fitsio.h"

#define minvalue(A,B) ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))

/* size of the image */
#define XSIZE 3000
#define YSIZE 3000

/* size of data buffer */
#define SHTSIZE 20000
static long sarray[ SHTSIZE ] = {SHTSIZE * 0};

/* no. of rows in binary table */
#define BROWS 2500000

/* no. of rows in ASCII table */
#define AROWS 400000

/*  CLOCKS_PER_SEC should be defined by most compilers */
#if defined(CLOCKS_PER_SEC)
#define CLOCKTICKS CLOCKS_PER_SEC
#else
/* on SUN OS machine, CLOCKS_PER_SEC is not defined, so set its value */
#define CLOCKTICKS 1000000
#define difftime(A,B) ((double) A - (double) B)
#endif

/* define variables for measuring elapsed time */
clock_t scpu, ecpu;
time_t start, finish;
long startsec;   /* start of elapsed time interval */
int startmilli;  /* start of elapsed time interval */

int writeimage(fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
int writebintable(fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
int writeasctable(fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
int readimage(fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
int readatable(fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
int readbtable(fitsfile *fptr, int *status);
void printerror( int status);
int marktime(int *status);
int gettime(double *elapse, float *elapscpu, int *status);
int main(void);

int main()
{
/*************************************************************************
    This program tests the speed of writing/reading FITS files with cfitsio
**************************************************************************/

    FILE *diskfile;
    fitsfile *fptr;        /* pointer to the FITS file, defined in fitsio.h */
    int status, ii;
    long rawloop;
    char filename[] = "speedcc.fit";           /* name for new FITS file */
    char buffer[2880] = {2880 * 0};
    time_t tbegin, tend;
    float rate, size, elapcpu, cpufrac;
    double elapse;

    tbegin = time(0);

    remove(filename);               /* Delete old file if it already exists */

    diskfile =  fopen(filename,"w+b");
    rawloop = XSIZE * YSIZE / 720;

    printf("                                                ");
    printf(" SIZE / ELAPSE(%%CPU) = RATE\n");
    printf("RAW fwrite (2880 bytes/loop)...                 ");
    marktime(&status);

    for (ii = 0; ii < rawloop; ii++)
      if (fwrite(buffer, 1, 2880, diskfile) != 2880)
        printf("write error \n");

    gettime(&elapse, &elapcpu, &status);

    cpufrac = elapcpu / elapse * 100.;
    size = 2880. * rawloop / 1000000.;
    rate = size / elapse;
    printf(" %4.1fMB/%6.3fs(%3.0f) = %5.2fMB/s\n", size, elapse, cpufrac,rate);

    /* read back the binary records */
    fseek(diskfile, 0, 0);

    printf("RAW fread  (2880 bytes/loop)...                 ");
    marktime(&status);

    for (ii = 0; ii < rawloop; ii++)
      if (fread(buffer, 1, 2880, diskfile) != 2880)
        printf("read error \n");

    gettime(&elapse, &elapcpu, &status);

    cpufrac = elapcpu / elapse * 100.;
    size = 2880. * rawloop / 1000000.;
    rate = size / elapse;
    printf(" %4.1fMB/%6.3fs(%3.0f) = %5.2fMB/s\n", size, elapse, cpufrac,rate);

    fclose(diskfile);
    remove(filename);

    status = 0;     
    fptr = 0;

    if (fits_create_file(&fptr, filename, &status)) /* create new FITS file */
       printerror( status);          
   
    if (writeimage(fptr, &status))
       printerror( status);     

    if (writebintable(fptr, &status))
       printerror( status);     

    if (writeasctable(fptr, &status))
       printerror( status);     

    if (readimage(fptr, &status))
       printerror( status);     

    if (readbtable(fptr, &status))
       printerror( status);     

    if (readatable(fptr, &status))
       printerror( status);     

    if (fits_close_file(fptr, &status))     
         printerror( status );

    tend = time(0);
    elapse = difftime(tend, tbegin) + 0.5;
    printf("Total elapsed time = %.3fs, status = %d\n",elapse, status);
    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int writeimage(fitsfile *fptr, int *status)

    /**************************************************/
    /* write the primary array containing a 2-D image */
    /**************************************************/
{
    long  nremain, ii;
    float rate, size, elapcpu, cpufrac;
    double elapse;

    /* initialize FITS image parameters */
    int bitpix   =  32;   /* 32-bit  signed integer pixel values       */
    long naxis    =   2;  /* 2-dimensional image                            */    
    long naxes[2] = {XSIZE, YSIZE }; /* image size */

    /* write the required keywords for the primary array image */
    if ( fits_create_img(fptr, bitpix, naxis, naxes, status) )
         printerror( *status );          

    printf("\nWrite %dx%d I*4 image, %d pixels/loop:   ",XSIZE,YSIZE,SHTSIZE);
    marktime(status);

    nremain = XSIZE * YSIZE;
    for (ii = 1; ii <= nremain; ii += SHTSIZE)
    {
      ffpprj(fptr, 0, ii, SHTSIZE, sarray, status);
    }

    ffflus(fptr, status);  /* flush all buffers to disk */

    gettime(&elapse, &elapcpu, status);

    cpufrac = elapcpu / elapse * 100.;
    size = XSIZE * 4. * YSIZE / 1000000.;
    rate = size / elapse;
    printf(" %4.1fMB/%6.3fs(%3.0f) = %5.2fMB/s\n", size, elapse, cpufrac,rate);

    return( *status );
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int writebintable (fitsfile *fptr, int *status)

    /*********************************************************/
    /* Create a binary table extension containing 3 columns  */
    /*********************************************************/
{
    int tfields = 2;
    long nremain, ntodo, firstrow = 1, firstelem = 1, nrows;
    float rate, size, elapcpu, cpufrac;
    double elapse;

    char extname[] = "Speed_Test";           /* extension name */

    /* define the name, datatype, and physical units for the columns */
    char *ttype[] = { "first", "second" };
    char *tform[] = {"1J",       "1J"   };
    char *tunit[] = { " ",       " "    };

    /* append a new empty binary table onto the FITS file */

    if ( fits_create_tbl( fptr, BINARY_TBL, BROWS, tfields, ttype, tform,
                tunit, extname, status) )
         printerror( *status );

    /* get table row size and optimum number of rows to write per loop */
    fits_get_rowsize(fptr, &nrows, status);
    nrows = minvalue(nrows, SHTSIZE);
    nremain = BROWS;

    printf("Write %7drow x %dcol bintable %4ld rows/loop:", BROWS, tfields,
       nrows);
    marktime(status);

    while(nremain)
    {
      ntodo = minvalue(nrows, nremain);
      ffpclj(fptr, 1, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, sarray, status);
      ffpclj(fptr, 2, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, sarray, status);
      firstrow += ntodo;
      nremain -= ntodo;
    }

    ffflus(fptr, status);  /* flush all buffers to disk */

    gettime(&elapse, &elapcpu, status);

    cpufrac = elapcpu / elapse * 100.;
    size = BROWS * 8. / 1000000.;
    rate = size / elapse;
    printf(" %4.1fMB/%6.3fs(%3.0f) = %5.2fMB/s\n", size, elapse, cpufrac,rate);

    return( *status );
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int writeasctable (fitsfile *fptr, int *status)

    /*********************************************************/
    /* Create an ASCII table extension containing 2 columns  */
    /*********************************************************/
{
    int tfields = 2;
    long nremain, ntodo, firstrow = 1, firstelem = 1;
    long nrows;
    float rate, size, elapcpu, cpufrac;
    double elapse;

    char extname[] = "Speed_Test";           /* extension name */

    /* define the name, datatype, and physical units for the columns */
    char *ttype[] = { "first", "second" };
    char *tform[] = {"I6",       "I6"   };
    char *tunit[] = { " ",      " "     };

    /* append a new empty ASCII table onto the FITS file */
    if ( fits_create_tbl( fptr, ASCII_TBL, AROWS, tfields, ttype, tform,
                tunit, extname, status) )
         printerror( *status );

    /* get table row size and optimum number of rows to write per loop */
    fits_get_rowsize(fptr, &nrows, status);
    nrows = minvalue(nrows, SHTSIZE);
    nremain = AROWS;

    printf("Write %7drow x %dcol asctable %4ld rows/loop:", AROWS, tfields,
           nrows);
    marktime(status);

    while(nremain)
    {
      ntodo = minvalue(nrows, nremain);
      ffpclj(fptr, 1, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, sarray, status);
      ffpclj(fptr, 2, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo, sarray, status);
      firstrow += ntodo;
      nremain -= ntodo;
    }

    ffflus(fptr, status);  /* flush all buffers to disk */

    gettime(&elapse, &elapcpu, status);

    cpufrac = elapcpu / elapse * 100.;
    size = AROWS * 13. / 1000000.;
    rate = size / elapse;
    printf(" %4.1fMB/%6.3fs(%3.0f) = %5.2fMB/s\n", size, elapse, cpufrac,rate);

    return( *status );
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int readimage( fitsfile *fptr, int *status )

    /*********************/
    /* Read a FITS image */
    /*********************/
{
    int anynull, hdutype;
    long nremain, ii;
    long longnull = 0;
    float rate, size, elapcpu, cpufrac;
    double elapse;

    /* move to the primary array */
    if ( fits_movabs_hdu(fptr, 1, &hdutype, status) ) 
         printerror( *status );

    printf("\nRead back image                                 ");
    marktime(status);

    nremain = XSIZE * YSIZE;
    for (ii=1; ii <= nremain; ii += SHTSIZE)
    {
      ffgpvj(fptr, 0, ii, SHTSIZE, longnull, sarray, &anynull, status);
    }

    gettime(&elapse, &elapcpu, status);

    cpufrac = elapcpu / elapse * 100.;
    size = XSIZE * 4. * YSIZE / 1000000.;
    rate = size / elapse;
    printf(" %4.1fMB/%6.3fs(%3.0f) = %5.2fMB/s\n", size, elapse, cpufrac,rate);

    return( *status );
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int readbtable( fitsfile *fptr, int *status )

    /************************************************************/
    /* read and print data values from the binary table */
    /************************************************************/
{
    int hdutype, anynull;
    long nremain, ntodo, firstrow = 1, firstelem = 1;
    long nrows;
    long lnull = 0;
    float rate, size, elapcpu, cpufrac;
    double elapse;

    /* move to the table */
    if ( fits_movrel_hdu(fptr, 1, &hdutype, status) ) 
           printerror( *status );

    /* get table row size and optimum number of rows to read per loop */
    fits_get_rowsize(fptr, &nrows, status);
    nrows = minvalue(nrows, SHTSIZE);
    
    /*  read the columns */  
    nremain = BROWS;

    printf("Read back BINTABLE                              ");
    marktime(status);

    while(nremain)
    {
      ntodo = minvalue(nrows, nremain);
      ffgcvj(fptr, 1, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo,
                     lnull, sarray, &anynull, status);
      ffgcvj(fptr, 2, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo,
                     lnull, sarray, &anynull, status);
      firstrow += ntodo; 
      nremain  -= ntodo;
    }

    gettime(&elapse, &elapcpu, status);

    cpufrac = elapcpu / elapse * 100.;
    size = BROWS * 8. / 1000000.;
    rate = size / elapse;
    printf(" %4.1fMB/%6.3fs(%3.0f) = %5.2fMB/s\n", size, elapse, cpufrac,rate);

    return( *status );
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int readatable( fitsfile *fptr, int *status )

    /************************************************************/
    /* read and print data values from an ASCII or binary table */
    /************************************************************/
{
    int hdutype, anynull;
    long nremain, ntodo, firstrow = 1, firstelem = 1;
    long nrows;
    long lnull = 0;
    float rate, size, elapcpu, cpufrac;
    double elapse;

    /* move to the table */
    if ( fits_movrel_hdu(fptr, 1, &hdutype, status) ) 
           printerror( *status );

    /* get table row size and optimum number of rows to read per loop */
    fits_get_rowsize(fptr, &nrows, status);
    nrows = minvalue(nrows, SHTSIZE);
 
    /*  read the columns */  
    nremain = AROWS;

    printf("Read back ASCII Table                           ");
    marktime(status);

    while(nremain)
    {
      ntodo = minvalue(nrows, nremain);
      ffgcvj(fptr, 1, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo,
                     lnull, sarray, &anynull, status);
      ffgcvj(fptr, 2, firstrow, firstelem, ntodo,
                     lnull, sarray, &anynull, status);
      firstrow += ntodo;
      nremain  -= ntodo;
    }

    gettime(&elapse, &elapcpu, status);

    cpufrac = elapcpu / elapse * 100.;
    size = AROWS * 13. / 1000000.;
    rate = size / elapse;
    printf(" %4.1fMB/%6.3fs(%3.0f) = %5.2fMB/s\n", size, elapse, cpufrac,rate);

    return( *status );
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void printerror( int status)
{
    /*****************************************************/
    /* Print out cfitsio error messages and exit program */
    /*****************************************************/

    char status_str[FLEN_STATUS], errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG];
  
    if (status)
      fprintf(stderr, "\n*** Error occurred during program execution ***\n");

    fits_get_errstatus(status, status_str);   /* get the error description */
    fprintf(stderr, "\nstatus = %d: %s\n", status, status_str);

    /* get first message; null if stack is empty */
    if ( fits_read_errmsg(errmsg) ) 
    {
         fprintf(stderr, "\nError message stack:\n");
         fprintf(stderr, " %s\n", errmsg);

         while ( fits_read_errmsg(errmsg) )  /* get remaining messages */
             fprintf(stderr, " %s\n", errmsg);
    }

    exit( status );       /* terminate the program, returning error status */
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int marktime( int *status)
{
    double telapse;
    time_t temp;
    struct  timeval tv;

    temp = time(0);

    /* Since elapsed time is only measured to the nearest second */
    /* keep getting the time until the seconds tick just changes. */
    /* This provides more consistent timing measurements since the */
    /* intervals all start on an integer seconds. */

    telapse = 0.;

        scpu = clock();
        start = time(0);
/*
    while (telapse == 0.)
    {
        scpu = clock();
        start = time(0);
        telapse = difftime( start, temp );
    }
*/
        gettimeofday (&tv, NULL);

	startsec = tv.tv_sec;
        startmilli = tv.tv_usec/1000;

    return( *status );
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int gettime(double *elapse, float *elapscpu, int *status)
{
        struct  timeval tv;
	int stopmilli;
	long stopsec;


        gettimeofday (&tv, NULL);
    ecpu = clock();
    finish = time(0);

        stopmilli = tv.tv_usec/1000;
	stopsec = tv.tv_sec;
	

	*elapse = (stopsec - startsec) + (stopmilli - startmilli)/1000.;

/*    *elapse = difftime(finish, start) + 0.5; */
    *elapscpu = (ecpu - scpu) * 1.0 / CLOCKTICKS;

    return( *status );
}
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cfitsio-4.3.1/testprog.std0000644000225700000360000020700013472024437015035 0ustar  cagordonlheaSIMPLE  =                    T / file does conform to FITS standard             BITPIX  =                   32 / number of bits per data pixel                  NAXIS   =                    2 / number of data axes                            NAXIS1  =                   10 / length of data axis 1                          NAXIS2  =                    2 / length of data axis 2                          EXTEND  =                    T / FITS dataset may contain extensions            COMMENT   FITS (Flexible Image Transport System) format is defined in 'AstronomyCOMMENT   and Astrophysics', volume 376, page 359; bibcode: 2001A&A...376..359H KEY_PREC= 'This keyword was written by fxprec' / comment goes here              CARD1   = '12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678'CARD2   = '1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234''67'CARD3   = '1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234'''''CARD4   = '1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567' KEY_PKYS= 'value_string'       / fxpkys comment                                 KEY_PKYL=                    T / fxpkyl comment                                 KEY_PKYJ=                   11 / [feet/second/second] fxpkyj comment            KEY_PKYF=             12.12121 / fxpkyf comment                                 KEY_PKYE=         1.313131E+01 / fxpkye comment                                 KEY_PKYG=    14.14141414141414 / fxpkyg comment                                 KEY_PKYD= 1.51515151515152E+01 / fxpkyd comment                                 KEY_PKYC= (1.313131E+01, 1.414141E+01) / fxpkyc comment                         KEY_PKYM= (1.51515151515152E+01, 1.61616161616162E+01) / fxpkym comment         KEY_PKFC= (13.131313, 14.141414) / fxpkfc comment                               KEY_PKFM= (15.15151515151515, 16.16161616161616) / fxpkfm comment               KEY_PKLS= 'This is a very long string value that is continued over more than o&'CONTINUE  'ne keyword.'        / fxpkls comment                                 LONGSTRN= 'OGIP 1.0'           / The HEASARC Long String Convention may be used.COMMENT   This FITS file may contain long string keyword values that are        COMMENT   continued over multiple keywords.  The HEASARC convention uses the &  COMMENT   character at the end of each substring which is then continued        COMMENT   on the next keyword which has the name CONTINUE.                      KEY_PKYT= 12345678.1234567890123456 / fxpkyt comment                            COMMENT   This keyword was modified by fxmrec                                   KY_UCRD = 'This keyword was updated by fxucrd'                                  NEWIKYS = 'updated_string'     / ikys comment                                   KY_IKYJ =                   51 / This is a modified comment                     KY_IKYL =                    T / ikyl comment                                   KY_IKYE =          -1.3346E+01 / ikye comment                                   KY_IKYD = -1.33456789012346E+01 / modified comment                              KY_IKYF =             -13.3456 / ikyf comment                                   KY_IKYG =    -13.3456789012346 / ikyg comment                                   KY_PKNS1= 'first string'       / fxpkns comment                                 KY_PKNS2= 'second string'      / fxpkns comment                                 KY_PKNS3= '        '           / fxpkns comment                                 KY_PKNL1=                    T / fxpknl comment                                 KY_PKNL2=                    F / fxpknl comment                                 KY_PKNL3=                    T / fxpknl comment                                 KY_PKNJ1=                   11 / fxpknj comment                                 KY_PKNJ2=                   12 / fxpknj comment                                 KY_PKNJ3=                   13 / fxpknj comment                                 KY_PKNF1=             12.12121 / fxpknf comment                                 KY_PKNF2=             13.13131 / fxpknf comment                                 KY_PKNF3=             14.14141 / fxpknf comment                                 KY_PKNE1=         1.313131E+01 / fxpkne comment                                 KY_PKNE2=         1.414141E+01 / fxpkne comment                                 KY_PKNE3=         1.515152E+01 / fxpkne comment                                 KY_PKNG1=     14.1414141414141 / fxpkng comment                                 KY_PKNG2=     15.1515151515152 / fxpkng comment                                 KY_PKNG3=     16.1616161616162 / fxpkng comment                                 KY_PKND1= 1.51515151515152E+01 / fxpknd comment                                 KY_PKND2= 1.61616161616162E+01 / fxpknd comment                                 KY_PKND3= 1.71717171717172E+01 / fxpknd comment                                 TSTRING = '1       '           / tstring comment                                TLOGICAL=                    T / tlogical comment                               TBYTE   =                   11 / tbyte comment                                  TSHORT  =                   21 / tshort comment                                 TINT    =                   31 / tint comment                                   TLONG   =                   41 / tlong comment                                  TFLOAT  =                  42. / tfloat comment                                 TDOUBLE =                  82. / tdouble comment                                BLANK   =                  -99 / value to use for undefined pixels              KY_PKNE4=         1.313131E+01 / fxpkne comment                                 TMPCARDA=                 1001 / this is the 1st template card                  TMPCARD2= 'ABCD    '           / this is the 2nd template card                  TMPCARD3=              1001.23 / this is the 3rd template card                  COMMENT this is the 5th template card                                           HISTORY this is the 6th template card                                           TMPCARD7=                      / comment for null keyword                       END                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ	
ÿÿÿ
ÿÿÿÿÿÿXTENSION= 'BINTABLE'           / binary table extension                         BITPIX  =                    8 / 8-bit bytes                                    NAXIS   =                    2 / 2-dimensional binary table                     NAXIS1  =                   61 / width of table in bytes                        NAXIS2  =                   20 / number of rows in table                        PCOUNT  =                    0 / size of special data area                      GCOUNT  =                    1 / one data group (required keyword)              TFIELDS =                   10 / number of fields in each row                   TTYPE1  = 'Avalue  '           / label for field   1                            TFORM1  = '15A     '           / data format of field: ASCII Character          TTYPE2  = 'Lvalue  '           / label for field   2                            TFORM2  = '1L      '           / data format of field: 1-byte LOGICAL           TUNIT2  = 'm**2    '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE3  = 'Xvalue  '           / label for field   3                            TFORM3  = '16X     '           / data format of field: BIT                      TUNIT3  = 'cm      '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE4  = 'Bvalue  '           / label for field   4                            TFORM4  = '1B      '           / data format of field: BYTE                     TUNIT4  = 'erg/s   '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE5  = 'Ivalue  '           / label for field   5                            TFORM5  = '1I      '           / data format of field: 2-byte INTEGER           TUNIT5  = 'km/s    '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE6  = 'Jvalue  '           / label for field   6                            TFORM6  = '1J      '           / data format of field: 4-byte INTEGER           TTYPE7  = 'Evalue  '           / label for field   7                            TFORM7  = '1E      '           / data format of field: 4-byte REAL              TTYPE8  = 'Dvalue  '           / label for field   8                            TFORM8  = '1D      '           / data format of field: 8-byte DOUBLE            TTYPE9  = 'Cvalue  '           / label for field   9                            TFORM9  = '1C      '           / data format of field: COMPLEX                  TTYPE10 = 'Mvalue  '           / label for field  10                            TFORM10 = '1M      '           / data format of field: DOUBLE COMPLEX           EXTNAME = 'Test-BINTABLE'      / name of this binary table extension            EXTVER  =                    3 / extension version number                       TNULL4  =                   77 / value for undefined pixels                     TNULL5  =                   77 / value for undefined pixels                     TNULL6  =                   77 / value for undefined pixels                     TSCAL4  =                 1000 / scaling factor                                 TSCAL5  =                    1 / scaling factor                                 TSCAL6  =                  100 / scaling factor                                 TZERO4  =                    0 / scaling offset                                 TZERO5  =                32768 / scaling offset                                 TZERO6  =                  100 / scaling offset                                 NEW_KEY = 'written by fxprec' / to change checksum                              END                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             €ÿÿÿÿƒè	
§c!GBÿŽMMMXTENSION= 'IMAGE   '           / IMAGE extension                                BITPIX  =                  -32 / number of bits per data pixel                  NAXIS   =                    2 / number of data axes                            NAXIS1  =                   15 / length of data axis 1                          NAXIS2  =                   25 / length of data axis 2                          PCOUNT  =                    0 / required keyword; must = 0                     GCOUNT  =                    1 / required keyword; must = 1                     END                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ?€@@@@€@ @À@àAAA A0A@APA`A A0A@APA`ApA€AˆAA˜A A¨A°A¸AÀA A¨A°A¸AÀAÈAÐAØAàAèAðAøBBBAðAøBBBBBBBBB B$B(B,B0B B$B(B,¿€ÀÀ@À€À ÀÀÀàÁÁBXBHBLBPBTÁ Á0Á@ÁPÁ`ÁpÁ€ÁˆÁÁ˜B€BpBtBxB|Á Á¨Á°Á¸ÁÀÁÈÁÐÁØÁàÁèB”BŒBŽBB’ÁðÁøÂÂÂÂÂÂÂÂB¨B B¢B¤B¦Â Â$Â(Â,Â0Â4Â8Â<Â@ÂDB¼B´B¶B¸BºÂHÂLÂPÂTÂXÂ\Â`ÂdÂhÂlBÐBÈBÊBÌBÎÂpÂtÂxÂ|€‚„†ˆŠBäBÜBÞBàB⌎’”–˜šœžBøBðBòBôBö ¢¤¦¨ª¬®°²CCCCC´¶¸º¼¾ÂÀÂÂÂÄÂÆCCC
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC C!C"C#C$C C!C"C#C$C%C&C'C(C)C*C+C,C-C.C*C+C,C-C.C/C0C1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C4C5C6C7C8C9C:C;C<C=C>C?C@CACBC>C?C@CACBCCCDCECFCGCHCICJCKCLCHCICJCKCLCMCNCOCPCQCRCSCTCUCVCRCSCTCUCVCWCXCYCZC[C\C]C^C_C`C\C]C^C_C`CaCbCcCdCeCfCgChCiCjCfCgChCiCjCkClCmCnCoCpCqCrCsCtCpCqCrCsCtCuCvCwCxCyCzC{C|C}C~XTENSION= 'TABLE   '           / ASCII table extension                          BITPIX  =                    8 / 8-bit ASCII characters                         NAXIS   =                    2 / 2-dimensional ASCII table                      NAXIS1  =                   76 / width of table in characters                   NAXIS2  =                   12 / number of rows in table                        PCOUNT  =                    0 / no group parameters (required keyword)         GCOUNT  =                    1 / one data group (required keyword)              TFIELDS =                    5 / number of fields in each row                   TTYPE1  = 'Name    '           / label for field   1                            TBCOL1  =                    1 / beginning column of field   1                  TFORM1  = 'A15     '           / Fortran-77 format of field                     TTYPE2  = 'Ivalue  '           / label for field   2                            TBCOL2  =                   17 / beginning column of field   2                  TFORM2  = 'I10     '           / Fortran-77 format of field                     TUNIT2  = 'm**2    '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE3  = 'Evalue  '           / label for field   4                            TBCOL3  =                   28 / beginning column of field   4                  TFORM3  = 'E12.5   '           / Fortran-77 format of field                     TUNIT3  = 'erg/s   '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE4  = 'Dvalue  '           / label for field   5                            TBCOL4  =                   41 / beginning column of field   5                  TFORM4  = 'D21.14  '           / Fortran-77 format of field                     TUNIT4  = 'km/s    '           / physical unit of field                         EXTNAME = 'Test-ASCII'         / name of this ASCII table extension             EXTVER  =                    2 / extension version number                       TNULL1  = 'null1   '           / value for undefined pixels                     TNULL2  = 'null2   '           / value for undefined pixels                     TNULL3  = 'null4   '           / value for undefined pixels                     TNULL4  = 'null5   '           / value for undefined pixels                     TTYPE5  = 'INSERT_COL'         / label for field                                TFORM5  = 'F14.6   '           / format of field                                TBCOL5  =                   63 / beginning column of field                      END                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             first string             1  1.00000E+00  1.00000000000000E+00               second string            2  2.00000E+00  2.00000000000000E+00                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            3  3.00000E+00  3.00000000000000E+00               null1                    4  4.00000E+00  4.00000000000000E+00                                        5  5.00000E+00  5.00000000000000E+00                                        6  6.00000E+00  6.00000000000000E+00                                        9  9.00000E+00  9.00000000000000E+00                                       10  1.00000E+01  1.00000000000000E+01                               null2      null4        null5                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               XTENSION= 'BINTABLE'           / binary table extension                         BITPIX  =                    8 / 8-bit bytes                                    NAXIS   =                    2 / 2-dimensional binary table                     NAXIS1  =                   61 / width of table in bytes                        NAXIS2  =                   22 / number of rows in table                        PCOUNT  =                    0 / size of special data area                      GCOUNT  =                    1 / one data group (required keyword)              TFIELDS =                   10 / number of fields in each row                   TTYPE1  = 'Avalue  '           / label for field   1                            TFORM1  = '15A     '           / data format of field: ASCII Character          TTYPE2  = 'Lvalue  '           / label for field   2                            TFORM2  = '1L      '           / data format of field: 1-byte LOGICAL           TUNIT2  = 'm**2    '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE3  = 'Xvalue  '           / label for field   3                            TFORM3  = '16X     '           / data format of field: BIT                      TUNIT3  = 'cm      '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE4  = 'Bvalue  '           / label for field   4                            TFORM4  = '1B      '           / data format of field: BYTE                     TUNIT4  = 'erg/s   '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE5  = 'Ivalue  '           / label for field   5                            TFORM5  = '1I      '           / data format of field: 2-byte INTEGER           TUNIT5  = 'km/s    '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE6  = 'Evalue  '           / label for field   7                            TFORM6  = '1E      '           / data format of field: 4-byte REAL              TTYPE7  = 'Dvalue  '           / label for field   8                            TFORM7  = '1D      '           / data format of field: 8-byte DOUBLE            TTYPE9  = 'Cvalue  '           / label for field   9                            TFORM9  = '1C      '           / data format of field: COMPLEX                  TTYPE10 = 'Mvalue  '           / label for field  10                            TFORM10 = '1M      '           / data format of field: DOUBLE COMPLEX           EXTNAME = 'Test-BINTABLE'      / name of this binary table extension            EXTVER  =                    1 / extension version number                       TNULL4  =                   99 / value for undefined pixels                     TNULL5  =                   99 / value for undefined pixels                     TDIM3   = '(1,2,8) '           / size of the multidimensional array             KEY_PREC= 'This keyword was written by f_prec' / comment here                   TTYPE8  = 'INSERT_COL'         / label for field                                TFORM8  = '1E      '           / format of field                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            first string   FLp?€?ðÿÿÿÿ?€À?ðÀsecond string  Tð|@@ÿÿÿÿ@@À€@Àÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ               F@@@ÿÿÿÿ@ ÀÀ@À              FÿüÀ€Àÿÿÿÿ@àÁ@À T@ @ÿÿÿÿAÁ @"À$TÿúÀÀÀÿÿÿÿA0Á@@&À(F		A@"ÿÿÿÿAˆÁ@1À2TÿöÁ À$A˜Á @3À4ccÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿTA@@(FccÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿFÿòÁ`À,FccÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿFÿðÁ€À0TccÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿTÿîÁÀ2TccÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿTÿìÁ À4FccÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿXTENSION= 'BINTABLE'           / binary table extension                         BITPIX  =                    8 / 8-bit bytes                                    NAXIS   =                    2 / 2-dimensional binary table                     NAXIS1  =                   80 / width of table in bytes                        NAXIS2  =                   20 / number of rows in table                        PCOUNT  =                 4446 / size of special data area                      GCOUNT  =                    1 / one data group (required keyword)              TFIELDS =                   10 / number of fields in each row                   TTYPE1  = 'Avalue  '           / label for field   1                            TFORM1  = '1PA(20) '           / data format of field: variable length array    TTYPE2  = 'Lvalue  '           / label for field   2                            TFORM2  = '1PL(20) '           / data format of field: variable length array    TUNIT2  = 'm**2    '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE3  = 'Xvalue  '           / label for field   3                            TFORM3  = '1PB(3)  '           / data format of field: variable length array    TUNIT3  = 'cm      '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE4  = 'Bvalue  '           / label for field   4                            TFORM4  = '1PB(20) '           / data format of field: variable length array    TUNIT4  = 'erg/s   '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE5  = 'Ivalue  '           / label for field   5                            TFORM5  = '1PI(20) '           / data format of field: variable length array    TUNIT5  = 'km/s    '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE6  = 'Jvalue  '           / label for field   6                            TFORM6  = '1PJ(20) '           / data format of field: variable length array    TTYPE7  = 'Evalue  '           / label for field   7                            TFORM7  = '1PE(20) '           / data format of field: variable length array    TTYPE8  = 'Dvalue  '           / label for field   8                            TFORM8  = '1PD(20) '           / data format of field: variable length array    TTYPE9  = 'Cvalue  '           / label for field   9                            TFORM9  = '1PC(0)  '           / data format of field: variable length array    TTYPE10 = 'Mvalue  '           / label for field  10                            TFORM10 = '1PM(0)  '           / data format of field: variable length array    EXTNAME = 'Test-BINTABLE'      / name of this binary table extension            EXTVER  =                    4 / extension version number                       TNULL4  =                   88 / value for undefined pixels                     TNULL5  =                   88 / value for undefined pixels                     TNULL6  =                   88 / value for undefined pixels                     END                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     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X	

X	

X?€@@@@€@ @À@àAAA A0A@APA`ApA€AˆAÿÿÿÿA ?ð@@@@@@@ @"@$@&@(@*@,@.@0@1@2ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ@4XTENSION= 'IMAGE   '           / IMAGE extension                                BITPIX  =                   32 / number of bits per data pixel                  NAXIS   =                    2 / number of data axes                            NAXIS1  =                   10 / length of data axis 1                          NAXIS2  =                    2 / length of data axis 2                          PCOUNT  =                    0 / required keyword; must = 0                     GCOUNT  =                    1 / required keyword; must = 1                     CRVAL1  =     4.5830000000E+01 / comment                                        CRVAL2  =     6.3570000000E+01 / comment                                        CRPIX1  =     2.5600000000E+02 / comment                                        CRPIX2  =     2.5700000000E+02 / comment                                        CDELT1  =    -2.7777700000E-03 / comment                                        CDELT2  =     2.7777700000E-03 / comment                                        CTYPE1  = 'RA---TAN'           / comment                                        CTYPE2  = 'DEC--TAN'           / comment                                        END                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
XTENSION= 'TABLE   '           / ASCII table extension                          BITPIX  =                    8 / 8-bit ASCII characters                         NAXIS   =                    2 / 2-dimensional ASCII table                      NAXIS1  =                   80 / width of table in characters                   NAXIS2  =                   11 / number of rows in table                        PCOUNT  =                    0 / no group parameters (required keyword)         GCOUNT  =                    1 / one data group (required keyword)              TFIELDS =                    5 / number of fields in each row                   TTYPE1  = 'Name    '           / label for field   1                            TBCOL1  =                    1 / beginning column of field   1                  TFORM1  = 'A15     '           / Fortran-77 format of field                     TTYPE2  = 'Ivalue  '           / label for field   2                            TBCOL2  =                   17 / beginning column of field   2                  TFORM2  = 'I11     '           / Fortran-77 format of field                     TUNIT2  = 'm**2    '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE3  = 'Fvalue  '           / label for field   3                            TBCOL3  =                   29 / beginning column of field   3                  TFORM3  = 'F15.6   '           / Fortran-77 format of field                     TUNIT3  = 'cm      '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE4  = 'Evalue  '           / label for field   4                            TBCOL4  =                   45 / beginning column of field   4                  TFORM4  = 'E13.5   '           / Fortran-77 format of field                     TUNIT4  = 'erg/s   '           / physical unit of field                         TTYPE5  = 'Dvalue  '           / label for field   5                            TBCOL5  =                   59 / beginning column of field   5                  TFORM5  = 'D22.14  '           / Fortran-77 format of field                     TUNIT5  = 'km/s    '           / physical unit of field                         EXTNAME = 'new_table'          / name of this ASCII table extension             EXTVER  =                    5 / extension version number                       END                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             first string              0        0.000000   0.00000E+00   0.00000000000000E+00second string             3        3.000000   3.00000E+00   3.00000000000000E+00                          6        6.000000   6.00000E+00   6.00000000000000E+00                          9        9.000000   9.00000E+00   9.00000000000000E+00                         12       12.000000   1.20000E+01   1.20000000000000E+01                         15       15.000000   1.50000E+01   1.50000000000000E+01                         18       18.000000   1.80000E+01   1.80000000000000E+01                         21       21.000000   2.10000E+01   2.10000000000000E+01                         24       24.000000   2.40000E+01   2.40000000000000E+01                         27       27.000000   2.70000E+01   2.70000000000000E+01                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                cfitsio-4.3.1/README_OLD.win0000644000225700000360000000671613472024437014637 0ustar  cagordonlhea===============================================================================
===============================================================================
= NOTE:  This is the old version of the README.win32 file that was distributed
= with CFITSIO up until version 3.35 in 2013.  These instruction may still work
= with more recent versions of CFITSIO, however, users are strongly urged to 
= use the CMake procedures that are now documented in the new README.win32 file.
===============================================================================
===============================================================================

     Instructions on using CFITSIO on Windows platforms for C programmers

These instructions use a simple DOS-style command window. It is also possible
to build and use CFITSIO within a GUI programming environment such as Visual
Studio, but this is not supported here.

===============================================================================
1.  Build the CFITSIO dll library  

This step will create the cfitsio.def, cfitsio.dll, and cfitsio.lib files.
(If you downloaded the CFITSIO .zip file that contains the pre-built binary
.dll file, then SKIP THIS STEP).

  A. With Microsoft Visual C++:

      1. Open a DOS command window and execute the vcvars32.bat file that 
         is distributed with older versions of Visual C++, or simply open 
         the Visual C++ command window (e.g., when using Visual Studio 2010).

      2. Unpack the CFITSIO source files (cfitxxxx.zip) into a new empty directory

      3. In the DOS command window, cd to that directory and enter the 
         following commands:

		nmake winDumpExts.mak
		nmake makefile.vcc
			(ignore the compiler warning messages)

  B: With  Borland C++:

     First, follow the instructions provided by Borland to set up
     the proper environment variables and configure files for the compiler.
   
     Unpack the cfitsio.zip source file distribution into a suitable directory.
   
     In a DOS command window, cd to that directory and then execute the 
     makepc.bat batch file on the command line to build the CFITSIO library, 
     and the testprog and cookbook sample programs.

===============================================================================
2.  Test the CFITSIO library with Visual C++

     Compile and link the testprog.c test program.  When using Visual Studio,
     the command is:

		cl /MD testprog.c cfitsio.lib


     This will create the testprog.exe executable program.  Running this
     program should print out a long series of diagnostic messages
     that should end with "Status = 0; OK - no error"

===============================================================================
3.  Compile and link an application program that calls CFITSIO routines
    with Visual C++

	Include the fitsio.h and longnam.h header files in the C source code.

	Link the program with the cfitsio.lib file:

		cl /MD your_program.c cfitsio.lib


	NOTE: The /MD command line switch must be specified on the cl
	command line to force the compiler/linker to use the
	appropriete runtime library.   If this switch is omitted, then
	the fits_report_error function in CFITSIO will likely crash.  

	When building programs in the Visual Studio environment, one
	can force the equivalent of the /MD switch by selecting
	'Settings...' under the 'Project' menu, then click on the C/C++
	tab and select the 'Code Generator' category.  Then under 'User
	Run-time Library' select 'Multithreaded DLL'.

cfitsio-4.3.1/fpackutil.c0000644000225700000360000023110313717263734014610 0ustar  cagordonlhea/* FPACK utility routines
   R. Seaman, NOAO & W. Pence, NASA/GSFC
*/

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

/* #include  "bzlib.h"  only for experimental purposes */

#if defined(unix) || defined(__unix__)  || defined(__unix)
#include 
#endif

#include 
#include "fitsio.h"
#include "fpack.h"

/* these filename buffer are used to delete temporary files */
/* in case the program is aborted */
char tempfilename[SZ_STR];
char tempfilename2[SZ_STR];
char tempfilename3[SZ_STR];

/* nearest integer function */
# define NINT(x)  ((x >= 0.) ? (int) (x + 0.5) : (int) (x - 0.5))
# define NSHRT(x) ((x >= 0.) ? (short) (x + 0.5) : (short) (x - 0.5))

/* define variables for measuring elapsed time */
clock_t scpu, ecpu;
long startsec;   /* start of elapsed time interval */
int startmilli;  /* start of elapsed time interval */

/*  CLOCKS_PER_SEC should be defined by most compilers */
#if defined(CLOCKS_PER_SEC)
#define CLOCKTICKS CLOCKS_PER_SEC
#else
/* on SUN OS machine, CLOCKS_PER_SEC is not defined, so set its value */
#define CLOCKTICKS 1000000
#endif

FILE *outreport;

/* dimension of central image area to be sampled for test statistics */
int XSAMPLE = 4100;
int YSAMPLE = 4100;

int fp_msg (char *msg)
{
        printf ("%s", msg);
        return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_noop (void)
{
        fp_msg ("Input and output files are unchanged.\n");
        return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void fp_abort_output (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, int stat)
{
	int status = 0, hdunum;
	char  msg[SZ_STR];

        if (infptr)
        {
	   fits_file_name(infptr, tempfilename, &status);
	   fits_get_hdu_num(infptr, &hdunum);

           fits_close_file (infptr, &status);

	   snprintf(msg, SZ_STR,"Error processing file: %s\n", tempfilename);
	   fp_msg (msg);
	   snprintf(msg, SZ_STR,"  in HDU number %d\n", hdunum);
	   fp_msg (msg);
        }
        else
        {
           snprintf(msg, SZ_STR,"Error: Unable to process input file\n");
           fp_msg(msg);
        }
	fits_report_error (stderr, stat);

	if (outfptr) {
	    fits_delete_file(outfptr, &status);
	    fp_msg ("Input file is unchanged.\n");
	}

	exit (stat); 
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_version (void)
{
        float version;
        char cfitsioversion[40];

        fp_msg (FPACK_VERSION);
        fits_get_version(&version);
        snprintf(cfitsioversion, 40," CFITSIO version %5.3f", version);
        fp_msg(cfitsioversion);
        fp_msg ("\n");
        return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_access (char *filename)
{
	/* test if a file exists */
	
	FILE *diskfile;
	
	diskfile = fopen(filename, "r");

	if (diskfile) {
		fclose(diskfile);
		return(0);
	} else {
	        return(-1);
	}
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_tmpnam(char *suffix, char *rootname, char *tmpnam)
{
	/* create temporary file name */

	int maxtry = 30, ii;

	if (strlen(suffix) + strlen(rootname) > SZ_STR-5) {
	    fp_msg ("Error: filename is too long to create temporary file\n"); exit (-1);
	}

	strcpy (tmpnam, rootname);  /* start with rootname */
	strcat(tmpnam, suffix);     /* append the suffix */

	maxtry = SZ_STR - strlen(tmpnam) - 1;

        for (ii = 0; ii < maxtry; ii++) {
		if (fp_access(tmpnam)) break;  /* good, the file does not exist */
                if (strlen(tmpnam) > SZ_STR-2)
                {
		   fp_msg ("\nCould not create temporary file name:\n");
		   fp_msg (tmpnam);
		   fp_msg ("\n");
		   exit (-1);
                }
		strcat(tmpnam, "x");  /* append an x to the name, and try again */
	}

	if (ii == maxtry) {
		fp_msg ("\nCould not create temporary file name:\n");
		fp_msg (tmpnam);
		fp_msg ("\n");
		exit (-1);
	}

        return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_init (fpstate *fpptr)
{
	int	ii;

	fpptr->comptype = RICE_1;
	fpptr->quantize_level = DEF_QLEVEL;
        fpptr->no_dither = 0;
        fpptr->dither_method = 1;
        fpptr->dither_offset = 0;
        fpptr->int_to_float = 0;

	/* thresholds when using the -i2f flag */
        fpptr->n3ratio = 2.0;  /* minimum ratio of image noise sigma / q */
        fpptr->n3min = 6.;     /* minimum noise sigma. */

	fpptr->scale = DEF_HCOMP_SCALE;
	fpptr->smooth = DEF_HCOMP_SMOOTH;
	fpptr->rescale_noise = DEF_RESCALE_NOISE;
	fpptr->ntile[0] = (long) -1;	/* -1 means extent of axis */

	for (ii=1; ii < MAX_COMPRESS_DIM; ii++)
	    fpptr->ntile[ii] = (long) 1;

	fpptr->to_stdout = 0;
	fpptr->listonly = 0;
	fpptr->clobber = 0;
	fpptr->delete_input = 0;
	fpptr->do_not_prompt = 0;
	fpptr->do_checksums = 1;
	fpptr->do_gzip_file = 0;
	fpptr->do_tables = 0;  /* this is intended for testing purposes  */
	fpptr->do_images = 1;  /* can be turned off with -tableonly switch */
	fpptr->test_all = 0;
	fpptr->verbose = 0;

	fpptr->prefix[0] = 0;
	fpptr->extname[0] = 0;
	fpptr->delete_suffix = 0;
	fpptr->outfile[0] = 0;

	fpptr->firstfile = 1;

	/* magic number for initialization check, boolean for preflight
	 */
	fpptr->initialized = FP_INIT_MAGIC;
	fpptr->preflight_checked = 0;
	return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_list (int argc, char *argv[], fpstate fpvar)
{
	fitsfile *infptr;
	char	infits[SZ_STR], msg[SZ_STR];
	int	hdunum, iarg, stat=0;
	LONGLONG sizell;

	if (fpvar.initialized != FP_INIT_MAGIC) {
	    fp_msg ("Error: internal initialization error\n"); exit (-1);
	}

	for (iarg=fpvar.firstfile; iarg < argc; iarg++) {
	    strncpy (infits, argv[iarg], SZ_STR-1);
            infits[SZ_STR-1]=0;

	    if (strchr (infits, '[') || strchr (infits, ']')) {
		fp_msg ("Error: section/extension notation not supported: ");
		fp_msg (infits); fp_msg ("\n"); exit (-1);
	    }

	    if (fp_access (infits) != 0) {
		        fp_msg ("Error: can't find or read input file "); fp_msg (infits);
		        fp_msg ("\n"); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
	    }

	    fits_open_file (&infptr, infits, READONLY, &stat);
	    if (stat) { fits_report_error (stderr, stat); exit (stat); }

	    /* move to the end of file, to get the total size in bytes */
	    fits_get_num_hdus (infptr, &hdunum, &stat);
	    fits_movabs_hdu (infptr, hdunum, NULL, &stat);
	    fits_get_hduaddrll(infptr, NULL, NULL, &sizell, &stat);


	    if (stat) { 
	        fp_abort_output(infptr, NULL, stat);
	    }

            snprintf (msg, SZ_STR,"# %s (", infits); fp_msg (msg);

#if defined(_MSC_VER)
    /* Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 uses '%I64d' syntax  for 8-byte integers */
        snprintf(msg, SZ_STR,"%I64d bytes)\n", sizell); fp_msg (msg);
#elif (USE_LL_SUFFIX == 1)
        snprintf(msg, SZ_STR,"%lld bytes)\n", sizell); fp_msg (msg);
#else
        snprintf(msg, SZ_STR,"%ld bytes)\n", sizell); fp_msg (msg);
#endif
	    fp_info_hdu (infptr);

	    fits_close_file (infptr, &stat);
	    if (stat) { fits_report_error (stderr, stat); exit (stat); }
	}
	return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_info_hdu (fitsfile *infptr)
{
	long	naxes[9] = {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1};
	char	msg[SZ_STR], val[SZ_CARD], com[SZ_CARD];
        int     naxis=0, hdutype, bitpix, hdupos, stat=0, ii;
        unsigned long   datasum, hdusum;

	fits_movabs_hdu (infptr, 1, NULL, &stat);
	if (stat) { 
	    fp_abort_output(infptr, NULL, stat);
	}

	for (hdupos=1; ! stat; hdupos++) {
	    fits_get_hdu_type (infptr, &hdutype, &stat);
	    if (stat) { 
	        fp_abort_output(infptr, NULL, stat);
	    }

	    /* fits_get_hdu_type calls unknown extensions "IMAGE_HDU"
	     * so consult XTENSION keyword itself
	     */
	    fits_read_keyword (infptr, "XTENSION", val, com, &stat);
	    if (stat == KEY_NO_EXIST) {
		/* in primary HDU which by definition is an "image" */
		stat=0; /* clear for later error handling */

	    } else if (stat) {
	        fp_abort_output(infptr, NULL, stat);

	    } else if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) {
		/* that is, if XTENSION != "IMAGE" AND != "BINTABLE" */
		if (strncmp (val+1, "IMAGE", 5) &&
		    strncmp (val+1, "BINTABLE", 5)) {

		     /* assign something other than any of these */
		    hdutype = IMAGE_HDU + ASCII_TBL + BINARY_TBL;
		}
	    }

            fits_get_chksum(infptr, &datasum, &hdusum, &stat);

	    if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) {
		snprintf (msg, SZ_STR,"  %d IMAGE", hdupos); fp_msg (msg);
                snprintf (msg, SZ_STR," SUMS=%lu/%lu", (unsigned long) (~((int) hdusum)), datasum); fp_msg (msg);

		fits_get_img_param (infptr, 9, &bitpix, &naxis, naxes, &stat);

                snprintf (msg, SZ_STR," BITPIX=%d", bitpix); fp_msg (msg);

		if (naxis == 0) {
                    snprintf (msg, SZ_STR," [no_pixels]"); fp_msg (msg);
		} else if (naxis == 1) {
		    snprintf (msg, SZ_STR," [%ld]", naxes[1]); fp_msg (msg);
		} else {
		    snprintf (msg, SZ_STR," [%ld", naxes[0]); fp_msg (msg);
		    for (ii=1; ii < naxis; ii++) {
			snprintf (msg, SZ_STR,"x%ld", naxes[ii]); fp_msg (msg);
		    }
		    fp_msg ("]");
		}

                if (fits_is_compressed_image (infptr, &stat)) {
                    fits_read_keyword (infptr, "ZCMPTYPE", val, com, &stat);

                    /* allow for quote in keyword value */
                    if (! strncmp (val+1, "RICE_1", 6))
                        fp_msg (" tiled_rice\n");
                    else if (! strncmp (val+1, "GZIP_1", 6))
                        fp_msg (" tiled_gzip_1\n");
                    else if (! strncmp (val+1, "GZIP_2", 6))
                        fp_msg (" tiled_gzip_2\n");
                    else if (! strncmp (val+1, "PLIO_1", 6))
                        fp_msg (" tiled_plio\n");
                    else if (! strncmp (val+1, "HCOMPRESS_1", 11))
                        fp_msg (" tiled_hcompress\n");
                    else
                        fp_msg (" unknown\n");

                } else
                    fp_msg (" not_tiled\n");

            } else if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL) {
                snprintf (msg, SZ_STR,"  %d ASCII_TBL", hdupos); fp_msg (msg);
                snprintf (msg, SZ_STR," SUMS=%lu/%lu\n", (unsigned long) (~((int) hdusum)), datasum); fp_msg (msg);

            } else if (hdutype == BINARY_TBL) {
                snprintf (msg, SZ_STR,"  %d BINARY_TBL", hdupos); fp_msg (msg);
                snprintf (msg, SZ_STR," SUMS=%lu/%lu\n", (unsigned long) (~((int) hdusum)), datasum); fp_msg (msg);

            } else {
                snprintf (msg, SZ_STR,"  %d OTHER", hdupos); fp_msg (msg);
                snprintf (msg, SZ_STR," SUMS=%lu/%lu",   (unsigned long) (~((int) hdusum)), datasum); fp_msg (msg);
                snprintf (msg, SZ_STR," %s\n", val); fp_msg (msg);
            }

	    fits_movrel_hdu (infptr, 1, NULL, &stat);
	}
	return(0);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_preflight (int argc, char *argv[], int unpack, fpstate *fpptr)
{
	char	infits[SZ_STR], outfits[SZ_STR];
	int	iarg, namelen, nfiles = 0;

	if (fpptr->initialized != FP_INIT_MAGIC) {
	    fp_msg ("Error: internal initialization error\n"); exit (-1);
	}

	for (iarg=fpptr->firstfile; iarg < argc; iarg++) {

            outfits[0] = '\0';
	    
            if (strlen(argv[iarg]) > SZ_STR - 4) {  /* allow for .fz or .gz suffix */
		    fp_msg ("Error: input file name\n   "); fp_msg (argv[iarg]);
		    fp_msg ("\n   is too long\n"); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
	    }

	    strncpy (infits, argv[iarg], SZ_STR);
	    if (infits[0] == '-' && infits[1] != '\0') {  
	         /* don't interpret this as intending to read input file from stdin */
		    fp_msg ("Error: invalid input file name\n   "); fp_msg (argv[iarg]);
		    fp_msg ("\n"); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
	    }

	    if (strchr (infits, '[') || strchr (infits, ']')) {
		fp_msg ("Error: section/extension notation not supported: ");
		fp_msg (infits); fp_msg ("\n"); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
	    }
	    
            if (unpack) {
	  	/* ********** This section applies to funpack ************ */

	      /* check that input file  exists */
	      if (infits[0] != '-') {  /* if not reading from stdin stream */
	         if (fp_access (infits) != 0) {  /* if not, then check if */
		    strcat(infits, ".fz");       /* a .fz version exsits */
	            if (fp_access (infits) != 0) {
                        namelen = strlen(infits);
                        infits[namelen - 3] = '\0';  /* remove the .fz suffix */
		        fp_msg ("Error: can't find or read input file "); fp_msg (infits);
		        fp_msg ("\n"); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
                    }
	         } else {   /* make sure a .fz version of the same file doesn't exist */
                    namelen = strlen(infits);
		    strcat(infits, ".fz");   
	            if (fp_access (infits) == 0) {
                        infits[namelen] = '\0';  /* remove the .fz suffix */
		        fp_msg ("Error: ambiguous input file name.  Which file should be unpacked?:\n  ");
		        fp_msg (infits); fp_msg ("\n  "); 
		        fp_msg (infits); fp_msg (".fz\n"); 
		        fp_noop (); exit (-1);
                    } else {
                        infits[namelen] = '\0';  /* remove the .fz suffix */
		    }
	         }
	      }

              /* if writing to stdout, then we are all done */
	      if (fpptr->to_stdout) {
                      continue;
	      }

              if (fpptr->outfile[0]) {  /* user specified output file name */
	          nfiles++;
		  if (nfiles > 1) {
		      fp_msg ("Error: cannot use same output file name for multiple files:\n   ");
		      fp_msg (fpptr->outfile);
		      fp_msg ("\n"); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
	          }

                  /* check that output file doesn't exist */
	          if (fp_access (fpptr->outfile) == 0) {
		            fp_msg ("Error: output file already exists:\n "); 
			    fp_msg (fpptr->outfile);
		            fp_msg ("\n "); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
		  } 
                  continue;
	      }     

	      /* construct output file name to test */
	      if (fpptr->prefix[0]) {
                  if (strlen(fpptr->prefix) + strlen(infits) > SZ_STR - 1) {
		      fp_msg ("Error: output file name for\n   "); fp_msg (infits);
		      fp_msg ("\n   is too long with the prefix\n"); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
	          }
	          strcpy(outfits,fpptr->prefix);
	      }

	      /* construct output file name */
	      if (infits[0] == '-') {
	        strcpy(outfits, "output.fits");
	      } else {
	        strcat(outfits, infits);
	      }

	      /* remove .gz or .bz2 suffix, if present (output is not gzipped) */
              namelen = strlen(outfits);
	      if (namelen >= 3 && !strcmp(".gz", outfits + namelen - 3) ) {
                        outfits[namelen - 3] = '\0';
	      }
              else if (namelen >= 4 && !strcmp(".bz2", outfits + namelen - 4)) {
                        outfits[namelen - 4] = '\0';
              }

	      /* check for .fz suffix that is sometimes required */
	      /* and remove it if present */
	      if (infits[0] != '-') {  /* if not reading from stdin stream */
                 namelen = strlen(outfits);
	         if (namelen>=3 && !strcmp(".fz", outfits + namelen - 3) ) { /* suffix is present */
                        outfits[namelen - 3] = '\0';
	         } else if (fpptr->delete_suffix) {  /* required suffix is missing */
		    fp_msg ("Error: input compressed file "); fp_msg (infits);
		    fp_msg ("\n does not have the default .fz suffix.\n"); 
		    fp_noop (); exit (-1);
	         }
	      }

	      /* if infits != outfits, make sure outfits doesn't already exist */
              if (strcmp(infits, outfits)) {
	                if (fp_access (outfits) == 0) {
		            fp_msg ("Error: output file already exists:\n "); fp_msg (outfits);
		            fp_msg ("\n "); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
		        }       
	      }

	      /* if gzipping the output, make sure .gz file doesn't exist */
	      if (fpptr->do_gzip_file) {
                        if (strlen(outfits)+3 > SZ_STR-1)
                        {
		            fp_msg ("Error: output file name too long:\n "); fp_msg (outfits);
		            fp_msg ("\n "); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
                        }
	                strcat(outfits, ".gz");
	                if (fp_access (outfits) == 0) {
		            fp_msg ("Error: output file already exists:\n "); fp_msg (outfits);
		            fp_msg ("\n "); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
		        }       
              		namelen = strlen(outfits);
                        outfits[namelen - 3] = '\0';  /* remove the .gz suffix again */
	      }
	  } else {
	  	/* ********** This section applies to fpack ************ */

	      /* check that input file  exists */
	      if (infits[0] != '-') {  /* if not reading from stdin stream */
	        if (fp_access (infits) != 0) {  /* if not, then check if */
                    if (strlen(infits)+3 > SZ_STR-1)
                    {
		        fp_msg ("Error: input file name too long:\n "); fp_msg (infits);
		        fp_msg ("\n "); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
                    }
		    strcat(infits, ".gz");     /* a gzipped version exsits */
	            if (fp_access (infits) != 0) {
                        namelen = strlen(infits);
                        infits[namelen - 3] = '\0';  /* remove the .gz suffix */
		        fp_msg ("Error: can't find or read input file "); fp_msg (infits);
		        fp_msg ("\n"); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
                    }
	        }
	      }

              /* make sure the file to pack does not already have a .fz suffix */
              namelen = strlen(infits);
	      if (namelen>=3 && !strcmp(".fz", infits + namelen - 3) ) {
		        fp_msg ("Error: fpack input file already has '.fz' suffix\n" ); fp_msg (infits);
		        fp_msg ("\n"); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
	      }

              /* if writing to stdout, or just testing the files, then we are all done */
	      if (fpptr->to_stdout || fpptr->test_all) {
                        continue;
	      }
              
              if (fpptr->outfile[0]) { /* user specified output file name */
                  nfiles++;
                  if (nfiles > 1) {
                      fp_msg("Error: cannot use same output file name for multiple files:\n   ");
                      fp_msg(fpptr->outfile);
		      fp_msg ("\n"); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
                  }

                  /* check that output file doesn't exist */
	          if (fp_access (fpptr->outfile) == 0) {
		            fp_msg ("Error: output file already exists:\n "); 
			    fp_msg (fpptr->outfile);
		            fp_msg ("\n "); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
		  } 
                  continue;
              }

	      /* construct output file name */
	      if (infits[0] == '-') {
	        strcpy(outfits, "input.fits");
	      } else {
	        strcpy(outfits, infits);
	      }

	      /* remove .gz suffix, if present (output is not gzipped) */
              /* do the same if compression suffix is bz2 */
              namelen = strlen(outfits);
	      if (namelen >=3 && !strcmp(".gz", outfits + namelen - 3) ) {
                        outfits[namelen - 3] = '\0';
	      }
              else if (namelen >= 4 && !strcmp(".bz2", outfits + namelen - 4)) {
                        outfits[namelen - 4] = '\0';
              }
              
	      
	      /* remove .imh suffix (IRAF format image), and replace with .fits */
              namelen = strlen(outfits);
	      if (namelen >=4 && !strcmp(".imh", outfits + namelen - 4) ) {
                        outfits[namelen - 4] = '\0';
                        if (strlen(outfits) == SZ_STR-5)
                           strcat(outfits, ".fit");
                        else
                           strcat(outfits, ".fits");
	      }

	      /* If not clobbering the input file, add .fz suffix to output name */
	      if (! fpptr->clobber)
              {
                 if (strlen(outfits) > SZ_STR-4)
                 {
		    fp_msg ("Error: output file name too long:\n "); fp_msg (outfits);
		    fp_msg ("\n "); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
                 }
                 else
		     strcat(outfits, ".fz");
              }
			
	      /* if infits != outfits, make sure outfits doesn't already exist */
              if (strcmp(infits, outfits)) {
	                if (fp_access (outfits) == 0) {
		            fp_msg ("Error: output file already exists:\n "); fp_msg (outfits);
		            fp_msg ("\n "); fp_noop (); exit (-1);
		        }       
	      }
	  }   /* end of fpack section */
	}

	fpptr->preflight_checked++;
	return(0);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* must run fp_preflight() before fp_loop()
 */
int fp_loop (int argc, char *argv[], int unpack, fpstate fpvar)
{
	char	infits[SZ_STR], outfits[SZ_STR];
	char	temp[SZ_STR], answer[30];
        char    valchar[]="0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz.#()+,-_@[]/^{}";
	int	ichar=0, outlen=0, iarg, islossless, namelen, iraf_infile = 0, status = 0, ifail;
        
	if (fpvar.initialized != FP_INIT_MAGIC) {
	    fp_msg ("Error: internal initialization error\n"); exit (-1);
	} else if (! fpvar.preflight_checked) {
	    fp_msg ("Error: internal preflight error\n"); exit (-1);
	}

	if (fpvar.test_all && fpvar.outfile[0]) {
	    outreport = fopen(fpvar.outfile, "w");
		fprintf(outreport," Filename Extension BITPIX NAXIS1 NAXIS2 Size N_nulls Minval Maxval Mean Sigm Noise1 Noise2 Noise3 Noise5 T_whole T_rowbyrow ");
		fprintf(outreport,"[Comp_ratio, Pack_cpu, Unpack_cpu, Lossless readtimes] (repeated for Rice, Hcompress, and GZIP)\n");
	}


	tempfilename[0] = '\0';
	tempfilename2[0] = '\0';
	tempfilename3[0] = '\0';

/* set up signal handler to delete temporary file on abort */	    
#ifdef SIGINT
    if (signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN) {
	(void) signal(SIGINT,  abort_fpack); 
    }
#endif

#ifdef SIGTERM
    if (signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN) {
	(void) signal(SIGTERM,  abort_fpack); 
    }
#endif

#ifdef SIGHUP
    if (signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN) {
	(void) signal(SIGHUP,  abort_fpack);
    }
#endif

	for (iarg=fpvar.firstfile; iarg < argc; iarg++) {

          temp[0] = '\0';
	  outfits[0] = '\0';
          islossless = 1;

	  strncpy (infits, argv[iarg], SZ_STR - 1);
          infits[SZ_STR-1]=0;

          if (unpack) {
	  	/* ********** This section applies to funpack ************ */

	      /* find input file */
	      if (infits[0] != '-') {  /* if not reading from stdin stream */
	         if (fp_access (infits) != 0) {  /* if not, then */
		    strcat(infits, ".fz");       /* a .fz version must exsit */
                    /* fp_preflight already checked for enough size to add '.fz' */
	         }
	      }

	      if (fpvar.to_stdout) {
		strcpy(outfits, "-");

              } else if (fpvar.outfile[0]) {  /* user specified output file name */
	          strcpy(outfits, fpvar.outfile);

	      } else {
	          /* construct output file name */
	          if (fpvar.prefix[0]) {
                      /* fp_preflight already checked this */
	              strcpy(outfits,fpvar.prefix);
	          }

	          /* construct output file name */
	          if (infits[0] == '-') {
	            strcpy(outfits, "output.fits");
	          } else {
	            strcat(outfits, infits);
	          }

	          /* remove .gz suffix, if present (output is not gzipped) */
                  namelen = strlen(outfits);
	          if (namelen >= 3 &&  !strcmp(".gz", outfits + namelen - 3) ) {
                        outfits[namelen - 3] = '\0';
	          }
                  else if (namelen >= 4 && !strcmp(".bz2", outfits + namelen - 4)) {
                            outfits[namelen - 4] = '\0';
                  }

	          /* check for .fz suffix that is sometimes required */
	          /* and remove it if present */
                  namelen = strlen(outfits);
	          if (namelen >= 3 && !strcmp(".fz", outfits + namelen - 3) ) { /* suffix is present */
                        outfits[namelen - 3] = '\0';
	          }
	      }

	  } else {
	  	/* ********** This section applies to fpack ************ */

	      if (fpvar.to_stdout) {
		strcpy(outfits, "-");
	      } else if (! fpvar.test_all) {

                  if (fpvar.outfile[0]) { /* user specified output file name */
                     strcpy(outfits, fpvar.outfile);
                  }
                  else {
	             /* construct output file name */
	             if (infits[0] == '-') {
	               strcpy(outfits, "input.fits");
	             } else {
	               strcpy(outfits, infits);
	             }
	             /* Remove .gz suffix, if present (output is not gzipped). 
                        Do the same for .bz2 */
                     namelen = strlen(outfits);
	             if (namelen >= 3 && !strcmp(".gz", outfits + namelen - 3) ) {
                           outfits[namelen - 3] = '\0';
	             }
                     else if (namelen >= 4 && !strcmp(".bz2", outfits + namelen - 4)) {
                           outfits[namelen - 4] = '\0';
                     }

	             /* remove .imh suffix (IRAF format image), and replace with .fits */
                     namelen = strlen(outfits);
	             if (namelen >= 4 && !strcmp(".imh", outfits + namelen - 4) ) {
                           outfits[namelen - 4] = '\0';
                           if (strlen(outfits) == SZ_STR-5)
                              strcat(outfits, ".fit");
                           else
                              strcat(outfits, ".fits");
                           iraf_infile = 1;  /* this is an IRAF format input file */
			              /* change the output name to "NAME.fits.fz" */
	             }

	             /* If not clobbering the input file, add .fz suffix to output name */
	             if (! fpvar.clobber)
		           strcat(outfits, ".fz");
	          }
	      }
	  }

          strncpy(temp, outfits, SZ_STR-1);
          temp[SZ_STR-1]=0;

	  if (infits[0] != '-') {  /* if not reading from stdin stream */
             if (!strcmp(infits, outfits) ) {  /* are input and output names the same? */

                /* clobber the input file with the output file with the same name */
                if (! fpvar.clobber) {
                    fp_msg ("\nError: must use -F flag to clobber input file.\n");
		    exit (-1);
		} 

                /* create temporary file name in the output directory (same as input directory)*/
		fp_tmpnam("Tmp1", infits, outfits);
		
                strcpy(tempfilename, outfits);  /* store temp file name, in case of abort */
	      }
	    }


            /* *************** now do the real work ********************* */
	    
	    if (fpvar.verbose && ! fpvar.to_stdout)
		printf("%s ", infits);
		
	    if (fpvar.test_all) {   /* compare all the algorithms */

                /* create 2 temporary file names, in the CWD */
		fp_tmpnam("Tmpfile1", "", tempfilename);
		fp_tmpnam("Tmpfile2", "", tempfilename2);

		fp_test (infits, tempfilename, tempfilename2, fpvar);

		remove(tempfilename);
                tempfilename[0] = '\0';   /* clear the temp file name */
		remove(tempfilename2);
                tempfilename2[0] = '\0';
                continue;

	    } else if (unpack) {
		if (fpvar.to_stdout) {
			/* unpack the input file to the stdout stream */
			fp_unpack (infits, outfits, fpvar);
		} else {
			/* unpack to temporary file, so other tasks can't open it until it is renamed */

			/* create  temporary file name, in the output directory */
			fp_tmpnam("Tmp2", outfits, tempfilename2);

			/* unpack the input file to the temporary file */
			fp_unpack (infits, tempfilename2, fpvar);

			/* rename the temporary file to it's real name */
			ifail = rename(tempfilename2, outfits);
			if (ifail) {
			    fp_msg("Failed to rename temporary file name:\n  ");
			    fp_msg(tempfilename2);
			    fp_msg(" -> ");
			    fp_msg(outfits);
			    fp_msg("\n");
			    exit (-1);
			} else {
			    tempfilename2[0] = '\0';  /* clear temporary file name */
			}
		}
	    }  else {
		fp_pack (infits, outfits, fpvar, &islossless);
	    }

	    if (fpvar.to_stdout) {
		continue;
	    }

            /* ********** clobber and/or delete files, if needed ************** */

            if (!strcmp(infits, temp) && fpvar.clobber ) {  

		if (!islossless && ! fpvar.do_not_prompt) {
		    fp_msg ("\nFile ");
		    fp_msg (infits); 
		    fp_msg ("\nwas compressed with a LOSSY method.  Overwrite the\n");
		    fp_msg ("original file with the compressed version? (Y/N) ");
		    fgets(answer, 29, stdin);
		    if (answer[0] != 'Y' && answer[0] != 'y') {
		        fp_msg ("\noriginal file NOT overwritten!\n");
			remove(outfits);
                        continue;
		    }
		}

		if (iraf_infile) {  /* special case of deleting an IRAF format header and pixel file */
		   if (fits_delete_iraf_file(infits, &status)) {
		        fp_msg("\nError deleting IRAF .imh and .pix files.\n");
			fp_msg(infits); fp_msg ("\n"); exit (-1);
		    }
		}
				
#if defined(unix) || defined(__unix__)  || defined(__unix)
	        /* rename clobbers input on Unix platforms */
		if (rename (outfits, temp) != 0) {
		        fp_msg ("\nError renaming tmp file to ");
		        fp_msg (temp); fp_msg ("\n"); exit (-1);
		}
#else
	        /* rename DOES NOT clobber existing files on Windows platforms */
                /* so explicitly remove any existing file before renaming the file */
                remove(temp);
		if (rename (outfits, temp) != 0) {
		        fp_msg ("\nError renaming tmp file to ");
		        fp_msg (temp); fp_msg ("\n"); exit (-1);
		}
#endif

		tempfilename[0] = '\0';  /* clear temporary file name */
                strcpy(outfits, temp);

	    } else if (fpvar.clobber || fpvar.delete_input) {      /* delete the input file */
	         if (!islossless && !fpvar.do_not_prompt) {  /* user did not turn off delete prompt */
		    fp_msg ("\nFile ");
		    fp_msg (infits); 
		    fp_msg ("\nwas compressed with a LOSSY method.  \n");
		    fp_msg ("Delete the original file? (Y/N) ");
		    fgets(answer, 29, stdin);
		    if (answer[0] != 'Y' && answer[0] != 'y') {  /* user abort */
		        fp_msg ("\noriginal file NOT deleted!\n");
		    } else {
			if (iraf_infile) {  /* special case of deleting an IRAF format header and pixel file */
		   	    if (fits_delete_iraf_file(infits, &status)) {
		        	fp_msg("\nError deleting IRAF .imh and .pix files.\n");
				fp_msg(infits); fp_msg ("\n"); exit (-1);
			    }
		        }  else if (remove(infits) != 0) {  /* normal case of deleting input FITS file */
		            fp_msg ("\nError deleting input file ");
		            fp_msg (infits); fp_msg ("\n"); exit (-1);
		        }
		    }
		  } else {   /* user said don't prompt, so just delete the input file */
			if (iraf_infile) {  /* special case of deleting an IRAF format header and pixel file */
		   	    if (fits_delete_iraf_file(infits, &status)) {
		        	fp_msg("\nError deleting IRAF .imh and .pix files.\n");
				fp_msg(infits); fp_msg ("\n"); exit (-1);
			    }
		        }  else if (remove(infits) != 0) {  /* normal case of deleting input FITS file */
		            fp_msg ("\nError deleting input file ");
		            fp_msg (infits); fp_msg ("\n"); exit (-1);
		        }
		  }
	    }
            iraf_infile = 0; 

	    if (fpvar.do_gzip_file) {       /* gzip the output file */
		strcpy(temp, "gzip -1 ");
                outlen = strlen(outfits);
                if (outlen + 8 > SZ_STR-1)
                {
                   fp_msg("\nError: Output file name is too long.\n");
                   exit(-1);
                }
                for (ichar=0; ichar < outlen; ++ichar)
                {
                   if (!strchr(valchar, outfits[ichar]))
                   {
                      fp_msg("\n Error: Invalid characters in output file name.\n");
                      exit(-1);
                   }
                }                
		strcat(temp,outfits);
                system(temp);
	        strcat(outfits, ".gz");    /* only possibible with funpack */
	    }

	    if (fpvar.verbose && ! fpvar.to_stdout)
		printf("-> %s\n", outfits);

	}

	if (fpvar.test_all && fpvar.outfile[0])
	    fclose(outreport);
	return(0);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* fp_pack assumes the output file does not exist (checked by preflight)
 */
int fp_pack (char *infits, char *outfits, fpstate fpvar, int *islossless)
{
	fitsfile *infptr, *outfptr;
	int	stat=0;

	fits_open_file (&infptr, infits, READONLY, &stat);
	if (stat) { fits_report_error (stderr, stat); exit (stat); }

	fits_create_file (&outfptr, outfits, &stat);
	if (stat) { 
	    fp_abort_output(infptr, NULL, stat);
	}


	if (stat) { 
	    fp_abort_output(infptr, outfptr, stat);
	}

	while (! stat) {

	    /*  LOOP OVER EACH HDU */

	    fits_set_lossy_int (outfptr, fpvar.int_to_float, &stat);
	    fits_set_compression_type (outfptr, fpvar.comptype, &stat);
	    fits_set_tile_dim (outfptr, 6, fpvar.ntile, &stat);

	    if (fpvar.no_dither)
	        fits_set_quantize_method(outfptr, -1, &stat);
	    else
	        fits_set_quantize_method(outfptr, fpvar.dither_method, &stat);

	    fits_set_quantize_level (outfptr, fpvar.quantize_level, &stat);
	    fits_set_dither_offset(outfptr, fpvar.dither_offset, &stat);
	    fits_set_hcomp_scale (outfptr, fpvar.scale, &stat);
	    fits_set_hcomp_smooth (outfptr, fpvar.smooth, &stat);

	    fp_pack_hdu (infptr, outfptr, fpvar, islossless, &stat);

	    if (fpvar.do_checksums) {
	        fits_write_chksum (outfptr, &stat);
	    }

	    fits_movrel_hdu (infptr, 1, NULL, &stat);
	}

	if (stat == END_OF_FILE) stat = 0;

	/* set checksum for case of newly created primary HDU	 */

	if (fpvar.do_checksums) {
	    fits_movabs_hdu (outfptr, 1, NULL, &stat);
	    fits_write_chksum (outfptr, &stat);
	}

	if (stat) { 
	    fp_abort_output(infptr, outfptr, stat);
	}

	fits_close_file (outfptr, &stat);
	fits_close_file (infptr, &stat);

	return(0);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* fp_unpack assumes the output file does not exist
 */
int fp_unpack (char *infits, char *outfits, fpstate fpvar)
{
        fitsfile *infptr, *outfptr;
        int stat=0, hdutype, extnum, single = 0;
	char *loc, *hduloc, hduname[SZ_STR];

        fits_open_file (&infptr, infits, READONLY, &stat);
        fits_create_file (&outfptr, outfits, &stat);

	if (stat) { 
	    fp_abort_output(infptr, outfptr, stat);
	}

        if (fpvar.extname[0]) {  /* unpack a list of HDUs? */

            /* move to the first HDU in the list */
	    hduloc = fpvar.extname;
	    loc = strchr(hduloc, ','); /* look for 'comma' delimiter between names */
	    
	    if (loc)         
	        *loc = '\0';  /* terminate the first name in the string */

	    strcpy(hduname, hduloc);  /* copy the first name into temporary string */

	    if (loc)        
	        hduloc = loc + 1;  /* advance to the beginning of the next name, if any */
            else {
	        hduloc += strlen(hduname);  /* end of the list */
	        single = 1;  /* only 1 HDU is being unpacked */
            }

            if (isdigit( (int) hduname[0]) ) {
	       extnum = strtol(hduname, &loc, 10); /* read the string as an integer */

               /* check for junk following the integer */
               if (*loc == '\0' )  /* no junk, so move to this HDU number (+1) */
               {	       
                  fits_movabs_hdu(infptr, extnum + 1, &hdutype, &stat);  /* move to HDU number */
                  if (hdutype != IMAGE_HDU)
		     stat = NOT_IMAGE;

               } else {  /* the string is not an integer, so must be the column name */
	          hdutype = IMAGE_HDU;
	          fits_movnam_hdu(infptr, hdutype, hduname, 0, &stat);
 	       }
            }
	    else
	    {
                /* move to the named image extension */
  	        hdutype = IMAGE_HDU;
	        fits_movnam_hdu(infptr, hdutype, hduname, 0, &stat);
            }
        }

        if (stat) {
	  fp_msg ("Unable to find and move to extension '");
          fp_msg(hduname);
	  fp_msg("'\n");
	  fp_abort_output(infptr, outfptr, stat);
        }

        while (! stat) {
	
	    if (single)
	        stat = -1;  /* special status flag to force output primary array */

            fp_unpack_hdu (infptr, outfptr, fpvar, &stat);

	    if (fpvar.do_checksums) {
	        fits_write_chksum (outfptr, &stat);
	    }

	    /* move to the next HDU */
            if (fpvar.extname[0]) {  /* unpack a list of HDUs? */

                if (!(*hduloc)) {
		    stat = END_OF_FILE;  /* we reached the end of the list */
		} else {
		    /* parse the next HDU name and move to it */
	            loc = strchr(hduloc, ',');
	    
	            if (loc)         /* look for 'comma' delimiter between names */
	               *loc = '\0';  /* terminate the first name in the string */

	            strcpy(hduname, hduloc);  /* copy the next name into temporary string */

	            if (loc)         
	                hduloc = loc + 1;  /* advance to the beginning of the next name, if any */
                    else
	               *hduloc = '\0';  /* end of the list */

                    if (isdigit( (int) hduname[0]) ) {
	               extnum = strtol(hduname, &loc, 10); /* read the string as an integer */

                      /* check for junk following the integer */
                      if (*loc == '\0' )   /* no junk, so move to this HDU number (+1) */
		      {	       
                        fits_movabs_hdu(infptr, extnum + 1, &hdutype, &stat);  /* move to HDU number */
                        if (hdutype != IMAGE_HDU)
		        stat = NOT_IMAGE;

                      } else {  /* the string is not an integer, so must be the column name */
	                hdutype = IMAGE_HDU;
	                fits_movnam_hdu(infptr, hdutype, hduname, 0, &stat);
 	              }

                    } else {
                      /* move to the named image extension */
  	              hdutype = IMAGE_HDU;
	              fits_movnam_hdu(infptr, hdutype, hduname, 0, &stat);
                   }

                   if (stat) {
	              fp_msg ("Unable to find and move to extension '");
                      fp_msg(hduname);
	              fp_msg("'\n");
                   }
                }
            } else {
                /* increment to the next HDU */
                fits_movrel_hdu (infptr, 1, NULL, &stat);
            }
        }

        if (stat == END_OF_FILE) stat = 0;

        /* set checksum for case of newly created primary HDU
         */
	if (fpvar.do_checksums) {
	    fits_movabs_hdu (outfptr, 1, NULL, &stat);
	    fits_write_chksum (outfptr, &stat);
	}


	if (stat) { 
	    fp_abort_output(infptr, outfptr, stat);
	}

	fits_close_file (outfptr, &stat);
	fits_close_file (infptr, &stat);

	return(0);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* fp_test assumes the output files do not exist
 */
int fp_test (char *infits, char *outfits, char *outfits2, fpstate fpvar)
{
	fitsfile *inputfptr, *infptr, *outfptr, *outfptr2, *tempfile;

	long	naxes[9] = {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1};
	int	stat=0, totpix=0, naxis=0, ii, hdutype, bitpix = 0, extnum = 0, len;
	int     tstatus = 0, hdunum, rescale_flag, bpix, ncols;
	char	dtype[8], dimen[100];
	double  bscale, rescale, noisemin;
	long headstart, datastart, dataend;
	float origdata = 0., whole_cpu, whole_elapse, row_elapse, row_cpu, xbits;

	LONGLONG nrows;
	/* structure to hold image statistics (defined in fpack.h) */
	imgstats imagestats;

	fits_open_file (&inputfptr, infits, READONLY, &stat);
	fits_create_file (&outfptr, outfits, &stat);
	fits_create_file (&outfptr2, outfits2, &stat);

	if (stat) { fits_report_error (stderr, stat); exit (stat); }

	while (! stat) {
	    
	    /*  LOOP OVER EACH HDU */
	    rescale_flag = 0;
	    fits_get_hdu_type (inputfptr, &hdutype, &stat);

	    if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) {
	        fits_get_img_param (inputfptr, 9, &bitpix, &naxis, naxes, &stat);
	        for (totpix=1, ii=0; ii < 9; ii++) totpix *= naxes[ii];
	    }

	    if (!fits_is_compressed_image (inputfptr,  &stat) && hdutype == IMAGE_HDU &&
		naxis != 0 && totpix != 0 && fpvar.do_images) {

		/* rescale a scaled integer image to reduce noise? */
		if (fpvar.rescale_noise != 0. && bitpix > 0 && bitpix < LONGLONG_IMG) {

		   tstatus = 0;
		   fits_read_key(inputfptr, TDOUBLE, "BSCALE", &bscale, 0, &tstatus);

		   if (tstatus == 0 && bscale != 1.0) {  /* image must be scaled */

			if (bitpix == LONG_IMG)
			  fp_i4stat(inputfptr, naxis, naxes, &imagestats, &stat);
			else
			  fp_i2stat(inputfptr, naxis, naxes, &imagestats, &stat);

			/* use the minimum of the MAD 2nd, 3rd, and 5th order noise estimates */
			noisemin = imagestats.noise3;
			if (imagestats.noise2 != 0. && imagestats.noise2 < noisemin) noisemin = imagestats.noise2;
			if (imagestats.noise5 != 0. && imagestats.noise5 < noisemin) noisemin = imagestats.noise5;

			rescale = noisemin / fpvar.rescale_noise;
			if (rescale > 1.0) {
			  
			  /* all the criteria are met, so create a temporary file that */
			  /* contains a rescaled version of the image, in CWD */
			  
                	  /* create temporary file name */
			  fp_tmpnam("Tmpfile3", "", tempfilename3);

			  fits_create_file(&tempfile, tempfilename3, &stat);

			  fits_get_hdu_num(inputfptr, &hdunum);
			  if (hdunum != 1) {

			     /* the input hdu is an image extension, so create dummy primary */
			     fits_create_img(tempfile, 8, 0, naxes, &stat);
			  }

			  fits_copy_header(inputfptr, tempfile, &stat); /* copy the header */
			  
			  /* rescale the data, so that it will compress more efficiently */
			  if (bitpix == LONG_IMG)
			    fp_i4rescale(inputfptr, naxis, naxes, rescale, tempfile, &stat);
			  else
			    fp_i2rescale(inputfptr, naxis, naxes, rescale, tempfile, &stat);

			  /* scale the BSCALE keyword by the inverse factor */

			  bscale = bscale * rescale;  
			  fits_update_key(tempfile, TDOUBLE, "BSCALE", &bscale, 0, &stat);

			  /* rescan the header, to reset the actual scaling parameters */
			  fits_set_hdustruc(tempfile, &stat);

			  infptr = tempfile;
			  rescale_flag = 1;
			}
		   }
		 }

		if (!rescale_flag)   /* just compress the input file, without rescaling */
		   infptr = inputfptr;

		/* compute basic statistics about the input image */
                if (bitpix == BYTE_IMG) {
		   bpix = 8;
		   strcpy(dtype, "8  ");
		   fp_i2stat(infptr, naxis, naxes, &imagestats, &stat);
		} else if (bitpix == SHORT_IMG) {
		   bpix = 16;
		   strcpy(dtype, "16 ");
		   fp_i2stat(infptr, naxis, naxes, &imagestats, &stat);
		} else if (bitpix == LONG_IMG) {
		   bpix = 32;
		   strcpy(dtype, "32 ");
		   fp_i4stat(infptr, naxis, naxes, &imagestats, &stat);
		} else if (bitpix == LONGLONG_IMG) {
		   bpix = 64;
		   strcpy(dtype, "64 ");
		} else if (bitpix == FLOAT_IMG)   {
		   bpix = 32;
		   strcpy(dtype, "-32");
		   fp_r4stat(infptr, naxis, naxes, &imagestats, &stat);
		} else if (bitpix == DOUBLE_IMG)  {
		   bpix = 64;
		   strcpy(dtype, "-64");
		   fp_r4stat(infptr, naxis, naxes, &imagestats, &stat);
		}

		/* use the minimum of the MAD 2nd, 3rd, and 5th order noise estimates */
		noisemin = imagestats.noise3;
		if (imagestats.noise2 != 0. && imagestats.noise2 < noisemin) noisemin = imagestats.noise2;
		if (imagestats.noise5 != 0. && imagestats.noise5 < noisemin) noisemin = imagestats.noise5;

                xbits = (float) (log10(noisemin)/.301 + 1.792);

		printf("\n File: %s\n", infits);
		printf("  Ext BITPIX Dimens.   Nulls    Min    Max     Mean    Sigma  Noise2  Noise3  Noise5  Nbits   MaxR\n");

		printf("  %3d  %s", extnum, dtype);
		snprintf(dimen,100," (%ld", naxes[0]);
		len =strlen(dimen);
		for (ii = 1; ii < naxis; ii++) {
                    if (len < 99)
		       snprintf(dimen+len,100-len,",%ld", naxes[ii]);
		    len =strlen(dimen);
		}
                if (strlen(dimen)<99)
		   strcat(dimen, ")");
		printf("%-12s",dimen);

		fits_get_hduaddr(inputfptr, &headstart, &datastart, &dataend, &stat);
		origdata = (float) ((dataend - datastart)/1000000.);

		/* get elapsed and cpu times need to read the uncompressed image */
		fits_read_image_speed (infptr, &whole_elapse, &whole_cpu,
		               &row_elapse, &row_cpu, &stat);

		printf(" %5d %6.0f %6.0f %8.1f %#8.2g %#7.3g %#7.3g %#7.3g %#5.1f %#6.2f\n",
		        imagestats.n_nulls, imagestats.minval, imagestats.maxval, 
		      imagestats.mean, imagestats.sigma, 
		      imagestats.noise2, imagestats.noise3, imagestats.noise5, xbits, bpix/xbits);

		printf("\n       Type   Ratio       Size (MB)     Pk (Sec) UnPk Exact ElpN CPUN  Elp1  CPU1\n");

		printf("       Native                                             %5.3f %5.3f %5.3f %5.3f\n",
		        whole_elapse, whole_cpu, row_elapse, row_cpu);

		if (fpvar.outfile[0]) {
		    fprintf(outreport,
	" %s  %d %d %ld %ld %#10.4g %d %#10.4g %#10.4g %#10.4g %#10.4g %#10.4g %#10.4g %#10.4g %#10.4g %#10.4g %#10.4g %#10.4g %#10.4g",
		      infits, extnum, bitpix, naxes[0], naxes[1], origdata, imagestats.n_nulls, imagestats.minval, 
		      imagestats.maxval, imagestats.mean, imagestats.sigma, 
		      imagestats.noise1, imagestats.noise2, imagestats.noise3, imagestats.noise5, whole_elapse, whole_cpu, row_elapse, row_cpu);
		}

		fits_set_lossy_int (outfptr, fpvar.int_to_float, &stat);
		if ( (bitpix > 0) && (fpvar.int_to_float != 0) ) {

			if ( (noisemin < (fpvar.n3ratio * fpvar.quantize_level) ) ||
			    (noisemin < fpvar.n3min)) {
			
			    /* image contains too little noise to quantize effectively */
			    fits_set_lossy_int (outfptr, 0, &stat);
			    fits_get_hdu_num(infptr, &hdunum);

printf("    HDU %d does not meet noise criteria to be quantized, so losslessly compressed.\n", hdunum);
			} 
		}

		/* test compression ratio and speed for each algorithm */

		if (fpvar.quantize_level != 0) {

		  fits_set_compression_type (outfptr, RICE_1, &stat);
		  fits_set_tile_dim (outfptr, 6, fpvar.ntile, &stat);
		  if (fpvar.no_dither)
	    	    fits_set_quantize_method(outfptr, -1, &stat);
		  else
	    	    fits_set_quantize_method(outfptr, fpvar.dither_method, &stat);

		  fits_set_quantize_level (outfptr, fpvar.quantize_level, &stat);
		  fits_set_dither_offset(outfptr, fpvar.dither_offset, &stat);
		  fits_set_hcomp_scale (outfptr, fpvar.scale, &stat);
		  fits_set_hcomp_smooth (outfptr, fpvar.smooth, &stat);

		  fp_test_hdu(infptr, outfptr, outfptr2, fpvar, &stat);
		}

		if (fpvar.quantize_level != 0) {
\
  		  fits_set_compression_type (outfptr, HCOMPRESS_1, &stat);
		  fits_set_tile_dim (outfptr, 6, fpvar.ntile, &stat);

		  if (fpvar.no_dither)
	    	    fits_set_quantize_method(outfptr, -1, &stat);
		  else
	    	    fits_set_quantize_method(outfptr, fpvar.dither_method, &stat);

		  fits_set_quantize_level (outfptr, fpvar.quantize_level, &stat);
		  fits_set_dither_offset(outfptr, fpvar.dither_offset, &stat);
		  fits_set_hcomp_scale (outfptr, fpvar.scale, &stat);
		  fits_set_hcomp_smooth (outfptr, fpvar.smooth, &stat);

		  fp_test_hdu(infptr, outfptr, outfptr2, fpvar, &stat);
		}

		if (fpvar.comptype == GZIP_2) {
		    fits_set_compression_type (outfptr, GZIP_2, &stat);
		} else {
		    fits_set_compression_type (outfptr, GZIP_1, &stat);
		}

		fits_set_tile_dim (outfptr, 6, fpvar.ntile, &stat);

		if (fpvar.no_dither)
	    	    fits_set_quantize_method(outfptr, -1, &stat);
		else
	    	    fits_set_quantize_method(outfptr, fpvar.dither_method, &stat);

		fits_set_quantize_level (outfptr, fpvar.quantize_level, &stat);
		fits_set_dither_offset(outfptr, fpvar.dither_offset, &stat);
		fits_set_hcomp_scale (outfptr, fpvar.scale, &stat);
		fits_set_hcomp_smooth (outfptr, fpvar.smooth, &stat);

		fp_test_hdu(infptr, outfptr, outfptr2, fpvar, &stat);

/*
		fits_set_compression_type (outfptr, BZIP2_1, &stat);
		fits_set_tile_dim (outfptr, 6, fpvar.ntile, &stat);
		fp_test_hdu(infptr, outfptr, outfptr2, fpvar, &stat);
*/
/*
		fits_set_compression_type (outfptr, PLIO_1, &stat);
		fits_set_tile_dim (outfptr, 6, fpvar.ntile, &stat);
		fp_test_hdu(infptr, outfptr, outfptr2, fpvar, &stat);
*/
/*
                if (bitpix == SHORT_IMG || bitpix == LONG_IMG) {
		  fits_set_compression_type (outfptr, NOCOMPRESS, &stat);
		  fits_set_tile_dim (outfptr, 6, fpvar.ntile, &stat);
		  fp_test_hdu(infptr, outfptr, outfptr2, fpvar, &stat);	  
		}
*/
		if (fpvar.outfile[0])
		    fprintf(outreport,"\n");

		/* delete the temporary file */
		if (rescale_flag)  { 
		    fits_delete_file (infptr, &stat);
		    tempfilename3[0] = '\0';   /* clear the temp filename */ 
                }
	    } else if ( (hdutype == BINARY_TBL) && fpvar.do_tables) {

    		fits_get_num_rowsll(inputfptr, &nrows, &stat);
    		fits_get_num_cols(inputfptr, &ncols, &stat);
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
                /* Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 uses '%I64d' syntax  for 8-byte integers */
 		printf("\n File: %s, HDU %d,  %d cols X %I64d rows\n", infits, extnum, ncols, nrows);
#elif (USE_LL_SUFFIX == 1)
 		printf("\n File: %s, HDU %d,  %d cols X %lld rows\n", infits, extnum, ncols, nrows);
#else
 		printf("\n File: %s, HDU %d,  %d cols X %ld rows\n", infits, extnum, ncols, nrows);
#endif
		fp_test_table(inputfptr, outfptr, outfptr2, fpvar, &stat);	  

	    } else {
		fits_copy_hdu (inputfptr, outfptr, 0, &stat);
		fits_copy_hdu (inputfptr, outfptr2, 0, &stat);
	    }

	    fits_movrel_hdu (inputfptr, 1, NULL, &stat);
            extnum++;
	}


	if (stat == END_OF_FILE) stat = 0;

	fits_close_file (outfptr2, &stat);
	fits_close_file (outfptr, &stat);
	fits_close_file (inputfptr, &stat);

	if (stat) {
	  fits_report_error (stderr, stat);
	}
	return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_pack_hdu (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, fpstate fpvar,
   int *islossless, int *status)
{
	fitsfile *tempfile;
	long	naxes[9] = {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1};
	int	stat=0, totpix=0, naxis=0, ii, hdutype, bitpix;
	int	tstatus, hdunum;
	double  bscale, rescale;

	char	outfits[SZ_STR], fzalgor[FLEN_VALUE];
	long 	headstart, datastart, dataend, datasize;
	double  noisemin;
	/* structure to hold image statistics (defined in fpack.h) */
	imgstats imagestats;

	if (*status) return(0);

	fits_get_hdu_type (infptr, &hdutype, &stat);

	if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU) {
	    fits_get_img_param (infptr, 9, &bitpix, &naxis, naxes, &stat);
	    for (totpix=1, ii=0; ii < 9; ii++) totpix *= naxes[ii];
	}

	/* check directive keyword to see if this HDU should not be compressed */
        tstatus = 0;
        if (!fits_read_key(infptr, TSTRING, "FZALGOR", fzalgor, NULL, &tstatus) ) {
	    if (!strcmp(fzalgor, "NONE") || !strcmp(fzalgor, "none") ) {
 	        fits_copy_hdu (infptr, outfptr, 0, &stat);

	        *status = stat;
	        return(0);
            }
	}

        /* =============================================================== */
        /* This block is only for  binary table compression */
	if (hdutype == BINARY_TBL && fpvar.do_tables) { 

	    fits_get_hduaddr(infptr, &headstart, &datastart, &dataend, status); 
	    datasize = dataend - datastart;

	    if (datasize <= 2880) {
		/* data is less than 1 FITS block in size, so don't compress */
	        fits_copy_hdu (infptr, outfptr, 0, &stat);
	    } else {
		    fits_compress_table (infptr, outfptr, &stat);
	    }

	    *status = stat;
	    return(0);
	}
        /* =============================================================== */

        /* If this is not a non-null image HDU, just copy it verbatim */
	if (fits_is_compressed_image (infptr,  &stat) || hdutype != IMAGE_HDU ||
	    naxis == 0 || totpix == 0 || !fpvar.do_images) {
	        fits_copy_hdu (infptr, outfptr, 0, &stat);

	} else {  /* remaining code deals only with IMAGE HDUs */

		/* special case: rescale a scaled integer image to reduce noise? */
		if (fpvar.rescale_noise != 0. && bitpix > 0 && bitpix < LONGLONG_IMG) {

		   tstatus = 0;
		   fits_read_key(infptr, TDOUBLE, "BSCALE", &bscale, 0, &tstatus);
		   if (tstatus == 0 && bscale != 1.0) {  /* image must be scaled */

			if (bitpix == LONG_IMG)
			  fp_i4stat(infptr, naxis, naxes, &imagestats, &stat);
			else
			  fp_i2stat(infptr, naxis, naxes, &imagestats, &stat);

			/* use the minimum of the MAD 2nd, 3rd, and 5th order noise estimates */
			noisemin = imagestats.noise3;
			if (imagestats.noise2 != 0. && imagestats.noise2 < noisemin) noisemin = imagestats.noise2;
			if (imagestats.noise5 != 0. && imagestats.noise5 < noisemin) noisemin = imagestats.noise5;

			rescale = noisemin / fpvar.rescale_noise;
			if (rescale > 1.0) {
			  
			  /* all the criteria are met, so create a temporary file that */
			  /* contains a rescaled version of the image, in output directory */
			  
			  /* create temporary file name */
			  fits_file_name(outfptr, outfits, &stat);  /* get the output file name */
			  fp_tmpnam("Tmp3", outfits, tempfilename3);

			  fits_create_file(&tempfile, tempfilename3, &stat);

			  fits_get_hdu_num(infptr, &hdunum);
			  if (hdunum != 1) {

			     /* the input hdu is an image extension, so create dummy primary */
			     fits_create_img(tempfile, 8, 0, naxes, &stat);
			  }

			  fits_copy_header(infptr, tempfile, &stat); /* copy the header */
			  
			  /* rescale the data, so that it will compress more efficiently */
			  if (bitpix == LONG_IMG)
			    fp_i4rescale(infptr, naxis, naxes, rescale, tempfile, &stat);
			  else
			    fp_i2rescale(infptr, naxis, naxes, rescale, tempfile, &stat);


			  /* scale the BSCALE keyword by the inverse factor */

			  bscale = bscale * rescale;  
			  fits_update_key(tempfile, TDOUBLE, "BSCALE", &bscale, 0, &stat);

			  /* rescan the header, to reset the actual scaling parameters */
			  fits_set_hdustruc(tempfile, &stat);

		          fits_img_compress (tempfile, outfptr, &stat);
		          fits_delete_file  (tempfile, &stat);
		          tempfilename3[0] = '\0';   /* clear the temp filename */
		          *islossless = 0;  /* used a lossy compression method */

	                  *status = stat;
	                  return(0);
			}
		   }
		}

		/* if requested to do lossy compression of integer images (by */
		/* converting to float), then check if this HDU qualifies */
		if ( (bitpix > 0) && (fpvar.int_to_float != 0) ) {
		    
			if (bitpix >= LONG_IMG)
			  fp_i4stat(infptr, naxis, naxes, &imagestats, &stat);
			else
			  fp_i2stat(infptr, naxis, naxes, &imagestats, &stat);

			/* rescan the image header to reset scaling values (changed by fp_iNstat) */
			ffrhdu(infptr, &hdutype, &stat);

			/* use the minimum of the MAD 2nd, 3rd, and 5th order noise estimates */
			noisemin = imagestats.noise3;
			if (imagestats.noise2 != 0. && imagestats.noise2 < noisemin) noisemin = imagestats.noise2;
			if (imagestats.noise5 != 0. && imagestats.noise5 < noisemin) noisemin = imagestats.noise5;

			if ( (noisemin < (fpvar.n3ratio * fpvar.quantize_level) ) ||
			    (imagestats.noise3 < fpvar.n3min)) {
			
			    /* image contains too little noise to quantize effectively */
			    fits_set_lossy_int (outfptr, 0, &stat);

			    fits_get_hdu_num(infptr, &hdunum);

printf("    HDU %d does not meet noise criteria to be quantized, so losslessly compressed.\n", hdunum);

			} else {
			    /* compressed image is not identical to original */
			    *islossless = 0;
			}  
		}

                /* finally, do the actual image compression */
		fits_img_compress (infptr, outfptr, &stat);

		if (bitpix < 0 || 
		    (fpvar.comptype == HCOMPRESS_1 && fpvar.scale != 0.)) {

		    /* compressed image is not identical to original */
		    *islossless = 0;  
		}
	}

	*status = stat;
	return(0);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_unpack_hdu (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, fpstate fpvar, int *status)
{
	int hdutype, lval;

        if (*status > 0) return(0);

	fits_get_hdu_type (infptr, &hdutype, status);

        /* =============================================================== */
        /* This block is only for beta testing of binary table compression */
	if (hdutype == BINARY_TBL) { 

	    fits_read_key(infptr, TLOGICAL, "ZTABLE", &lval, NULL, status);
	    
	    if (*status == 0 && lval != 0) {
	        /*  uncompress the table */
	        fits_uncompress_table (infptr, outfptr, status);
	    } else {
	        if (*status == KEY_NO_EXIST)  /* table is not compressed */
		    *status = 0;
                fits_copy_hdu (infptr, outfptr, 0, status);
            }

	    return(0);
        /* =============================================================== */

	} else if (fits_is_compressed_image (infptr,  status)) {
            /* uncompress the compressed image HDU */
            fits_img_decompress (infptr, outfptr, status);
        } else {
            /* not a compressed image HDU, so just copy it to the output */
            fits_copy_hdu (infptr, outfptr, 0, status);
        }

	return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fits_read_image_speed (fitsfile *infptr, float *whole_elapse, 
    float *whole_cpu, float *row_elapse, float *row_cpu, int *status)
{
        unsigned char *carray, cnull = 0;
	short *sarray, snull=0;
	int bitpix, naxis, anynull, *iarray, inull = 0;
	long ii, naxes[9], fpixel[9]={1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1}, lpixel[9]={1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1};
	long inc[9]={1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1} ;
	float *earray, enull = 0, filesize;
	double *darray, dnull = 0;
	
	if (*status) return(*status);

	fits_get_img_param (infptr, 9, &bitpix, &naxis, naxes, status);

	if (naxis != 2)return(*status);
	
	lpixel[0] = naxes[0];
	lpixel[1] = naxes[1];
	
        /* filesize in MB */
	filesize = (float) (naxes[0] * abs(bitpix) / 8000000. * naxes[1]);

	/* measure time required to read the raw image */
	fits_set_bscale(infptr, 1.0, 0.0, status);
	*whole_elapse = 0.;
	*whole_cpu = 0;

        if (bitpix == BYTE_IMG) {
		carray = calloc(naxes[1]*naxes[0], sizeof(char));

                /* remove any cached uncompressed tile 
		  (dangerous to directly modify the structure!) */
         /*       (infptr->Fptr)->tilerow = 0; */

		marktime(status);
		fits_read_subset(infptr, TBYTE, fpixel, lpixel, inc, &cnull, 
		      carray, &anynull, status);
		
		/* get elapsped times */
		gettime(whole_elapse, whole_cpu, status);

		/* now read the image again, row by row */
		if (row_elapse) {

                  /* remove any cached uncompressed tile 
	  	    (dangerous to directly modify the structure!) */
          /*        (infptr->Fptr)->tilerow = 0; */

		  marktime(status);
		  for (ii = 0; ii < naxes[1]; ii++) {
		   fpixel[1] = ii+1;
		   fits_read_pix(infptr, TBYTE, fpixel, naxes[0], &cnull, 
		      carray, &anynull, status);
		   }
		   /* get elapsped times */
		   gettime(row_elapse, row_cpu, status);
		}
 		free(carray);
 
	} else if (bitpix == SHORT_IMG) {
		sarray = calloc(naxes[0]*naxes[1], sizeof(short));

		marktime(status);
		fits_read_subset(infptr, TSHORT, fpixel, lpixel, inc, &snull, 
		      sarray, &anynull, status);

		gettime(whole_elapse, whole_cpu, status);   /* get elapsped times */

		/* now read the image again, row by row */
		if (row_elapse) {
		  marktime(status);
		  for (ii = 0; ii < naxes[1]; ii++) {

		   fpixel[1] = ii+1;
		   fits_read_pix(infptr, TSHORT, fpixel, naxes[0], &snull, 
		      sarray, &anynull, status);
		  }
		  /* get elapsped times */
		  gettime(row_elapse, row_cpu, status);
		}

		free(sarray);	

	} else if (bitpix == LONG_IMG) {
		iarray = calloc(naxes[0]*naxes[1], sizeof(int));

		marktime(status);

		fits_read_subset(infptr, TINT, fpixel, lpixel, inc, &inull, 
		      iarray, &anynull, status);
		
		/* get elapsped times */
		gettime(whole_elapse, whole_cpu, status);


		/* now read the image again, row by row */
		if (row_elapse) {
		  marktime(status);
		  for (ii = 0; ii < naxes[1]; ii++) {
		   fpixel[1] = ii+1;
		   fits_read_pix(infptr, TINT, fpixel, naxes[0], &inull, 
		      iarray, &anynull, status);
		  }
		  /* get elapsped times */
		  gettime(row_elapse, row_cpu, status);
		}


 		free(iarray);	

	} else if (bitpix == FLOAT_IMG)   {
		earray = calloc(naxes[1]*naxes[0], sizeof(float));

		marktime(status);

		fits_read_subset(infptr, TFLOAT, fpixel, lpixel, inc, &enull, 
		      earray, &anynull, status);
		
		/* get elapsped times */
		gettime(whole_elapse, whole_cpu, status);

		/* now read the image again, row by row */
		if (row_elapse) {
		  marktime(status);
		  for (ii = 0; ii < naxes[1]; ii++) {
		   fpixel[1] = ii+1;
		   fits_read_pix(infptr, TFLOAT, fpixel, naxes[0], &enull, 
		      earray, &anynull, status);
		  }
		  /* get elapsped times */
		  gettime(row_elapse, row_cpu, status);
		}

 		free(earray);	

	} else if (bitpix == DOUBLE_IMG)  {
		darray = calloc(naxes[1]*naxes[0], sizeof(double));

		marktime(status);

		fits_read_subset(infptr, TDOUBLE, fpixel, lpixel, inc, &dnull, 
		      darray, &anynull, status);
		
		/* get elapsped times */
		gettime(whole_elapse, whole_cpu, status);

		/* now read the image again, row by row */
		if (row_elapse) {
		  marktime(status);
		  for (ii = 0; ii < naxes[1]; ii++) {
		   fpixel[1] = ii+1;
		   fits_read_pix(infptr, TDOUBLE, fpixel, naxes[0], &dnull, 
		      darray, &anynull, status);
		  }
		  /* get elapsped times */
		  gettime(row_elapse, row_cpu, status);
		}

		free(darray);
	}

        if (whole_elapse) *whole_elapse = *whole_elapse / filesize;
        if (row_elapse)   *row_elapse   = *row_elapse / filesize;
        if (whole_cpu)    *whole_cpu    = *whole_cpu / filesize;
        if (row_cpu)      *row_cpu      = *row_cpu / filesize;

	return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_test_hdu (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, fitsfile *outfptr2, 
	fpstate fpvar, int *status)
{
   /*   This routine is only used for performance testing of image HDUs. */
   /*   Use fp_test_table for testing binary table HDUs.    */

	int stat = 0, hdutype, comptype;
        char ctype[20], lossless[4];
	long headstart, datastart, dataend;
	float origdata = 0., compressdata = 0.;
	float compratio = 0., packcpu = 0., unpackcpu = 0.;
	float elapse, whole_elapse, row_elapse, whole_cpu, row_cpu;
	unsigned long datasum1, datasum2, hdusum;

	if (*status) return(0);

	origdata = 0;
	compressdata = 0;
	compratio = 0.;
	lossless[0] = '\0';

	fits_get_compression_type(outfptr, &comptype, &stat);
	if (comptype == RICE_1)
		strcpy(ctype, "RICE");
	else if (comptype == GZIP_1)
		strcpy(ctype, "GZIP1");
	else if (comptype == GZIP_2)
		strcpy(ctype, "GZIP2");/*
	else if (comptype == BZIP2_1)
		strcpy(ctype, "BZIP2");
*/
	else if (comptype == PLIO_1)
		strcpy(ctype, "PLIO");
	else if (comptype == HCOMPRESS_1)
		strcpy(ctype, "HCOMP");
	else if (comptype == NOCOMPRESS)
		strcpy(ctype, "NONE");
	else {
	      fp_msg ("Error: unsupported image compression type ");
	      *status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR;
	      return(0);
	}

	/* -------------- COMPRESS the image ------------------ */

	marktime(&stat);
	
	fits_img_compress (infptr, outfptr, &stat);

	/* get elapsped times */
	gettime(&elapse, &packcpu, &stat);

	/* get elapsed and cpu times need to read the compressed image */
	fits_read_image_speed (outfptr, &whole_elapse, &whole_cpu, 
	   &row_elapse, &row_cpu, &stat);

        if (!stat) {

		/* -------------- UNCOMPRESS the image ------------------ */

                /* remove any cached uncompressed tile 
		  (dangerous to directly modify the structure!) */
        /*        (outfptr->Fptr)->tilerow = 0; */
		marktime(&stat);

 	       fits_img_decompress (outfptr, outfptr2, &stat);

		/* get elapsped times */
		gettime(&elapse, &unpackcpu, &stat);

		/* ----------------------------------------------------- */


		/* get sizes of original and compressed images */

		fits_get_hduaddr(infptr, &headstart, &datastart, &dataend, &stat);
		origdata = (float) ((dataend - datastart)/1000000.);
		
		fits_get_hduaddr(outfptr, &headstart, &datastart, &dataend, &stat);
		compressdata = (float) ((dataend - datastart)/1000000.);

		if (compressdata != 0)
			compratio = (float) origdata / (float) compressdata;

		/* is this uncompressed image identical to the original? */

		fits_get_chksum(infptr, &datasum1, &hdusum, &stat);	    
		fits_get_chksum(outfptr2, &datasum2, &hdusum, &stat);

		if ( datasum1 == datasum2) {
			strcpy(lossless, "Yes");
		} else {
			strcpy(lossless, "No");
		}

		printf("       %-5s %6.2f %7.2f ->%7.2f %7.2f %7.2f %s %5.3f %5.3f %5.3f %5.3f\n", 
			ctype, compratio, origdata, compressdata, 
			packcpu, unpackcpu, lossless, whole_elapse, whole_cpu,
			row_elapse, row_cpu);


		if (fpvar.outfile[0]) {
		    fprintf(outreport," %6.3f %5.2f %5.2f %s %7.3f %7.3f %7.3f %7.3f", 
		       compratio, packcpu, unpackcpu, lossless,  whole_elapse, whole_cpu,
		       row_elapse, row_cpu);
		}

 	       /* delete the output HDUs to concerve disk space */

		fits_delete_hdu(outfptr, &hdutype, &stat);
		fits_delete_hdu(outfptr2, &hdutype, &stat);

	} else {
		printf("       %-5s     (unable to compress image)\n", ctype);
	}

	/* try to recover from any compression errors */
	if (stat == DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR) stat = 0;

	*status = stat;
        return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_test_table (fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, fitsfile *outfptr2, 
	fpstate fpvar, int *status)
{
/* this routine is for performance testing of the table compression methods */

	int stat = 0, hdutype, tstatus = 0;
        char fzalgor[FLEN_VALUE];
	LONGLONG headstart, datastart, dataend;
	float elapse, cpu;

	if (*status) return(0);

	/* check directive keyword to see if this HDU should not be compressed */
        if (!fits_read_key(infptr, TSTRING, "FZALGOR", fzalgor, NULL, &tstatus) ) {
	    if (!strcmp(fzalgor, "NONE")  || !strcmp(fzalgor, "none")) {
		return(0);
            }
	}

        fits_get_hduaddrll(infptr, &headstart, &datastart, &dataend, status); 

	/* can't compress small tables with less than 2880 bytes of data */
        if (dataend - datastart <= 2880) {
		return(0);
	}

 	marktime(&stat);
        stat= -999;  /* set special flag value */
	fits_compress_table (infptr, outfptr,  &stat);

	/* get elapsped times */
	gettime(&elapse, &cpu, &stat);

	fits_delete_hdu(outfptr, &hdutype, &stat);

	printf("\nElapsed time = %f, cpu = %f\n", elapse, cpu);

	fits_report_error (stderr, stat);

        return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int marktime(int *status)
{
#if defined(unix) || defined(__unix__)  || defined(__unix)
        struct  timeval tv;
/*        struct  timezone tz; */

/*        gettimeofday (&tv, &tz); */
        gettimeofday (&tv, NULL);

	startsec = tv.tv_sec;
        startmilli = tv.tv_usec/1000;

        scpu = clock();
#else
/* don't support high timing precision on Windows machines */
     	startsec = 0;
        startmilli = 0;

        scpu = clock();
#endif
	return( *status );
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int gettime(float *elapse, float *elapscpu, int *status)
{
#if defined(unix) || defined(__unix__)  || defined(__unix)
        struct  timeval tv;
/*        struct  timezone tz; */
	int stopmilli;
	long stopsec;

/*        gettimeofday (&tv, &tz); */
        gettimeofday (&tv, NULL);
	ecpu = clock();

        stopmilli = tv.tv_usec/1000;
	stopsec = tv.tv_sec;
	
	*elapse = (stopsec - startsec) + (stopmilli - startmilli)/1000.;
	*elapscpu = (ecpu - scpu) * 1.0 / CLOCKTICKS;
/*
printf(" (start: %ld + %d), stop: (%ld + %d) elapse: %f\n ",
startsec,startmilli,stopsec, stopmilli, *elapse);
*/
#else
/* set the elapsed time the same as the CPU time on Windows machines */
	*elapscpu = (float) ((ecpu - scpu) * 1.0 / CLOCKTICKS);
	*elapse = *elapscpu;  
#endif
	return( *status );
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_i2stat(fitsfile *infptr, int naxis, long *naxes, imgstats *imagestats, int *status)
{
/*
    read the central XSAMPLE by YSAMPLE region of pixels in the int*2 image, 
    and then compute basic statistics: min, max, mean, sigma, mean diff, etc.
*/

	long fpixel[9] = {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1};
	long lpixel[9] = {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1};
	long inc[9]    = {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1};
	long i1, i2, npix, ngood, nx, ny;
	short *intarray, minvalue, maxvalue, nullvalue;
	int anynul, tstatus, checknull = 1;
	double mean, sigma, noise1, noise2, noise3, noise5;
	
         /* select the middle XSAMPLE by YSAMPLE area of the image */
	i1 = naxes[0]/2 - (XSAMPLE/2 - 1);
	i2 = naxes[0]/2 + (XSAMPLE/2);
	if (i1 < 1) i1 = 1;
	if (i2 > naxes[0]) i2 = naxes[0];
	fpixel[0] = i1;
	lpixel[0] = i2;
	nx = i2 - i1 +1;

        if (naxis > 1) {
	    i1 = naxes[1]/2 - (YSAMPLE/2 - 1);
	    i2 = naxes[1]/2 + (YSAMPLE/2);
	    if (i1 < 1) i1 = 1;
	    if (i2 > naxes[1]) i2 = naxes[1];
	    fpixel[1] = i1;
	    lpixel[1] = i2;
	}
	ny = i2 - i1 +1;

	npix = nx * ny;

        /* if there are higher dimensions, read the middle plane of the cube */
	if (naxis > 2) {
	    fpixel[2] = naxes[2]/2 + 1;
	    lpixel[2] = naxes[2]/2 + 1;
	}

	intarray = calloc(npix, sizeof(short));
	if (!intarray) {
		*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
		return(*status);
	}

	/* turn off any scaling of the integer pixel values */
	fits_set_bscale(infptr, 1.0, 0.0, status);

	fits_read_subset_sht(infptr, 0, naxis, naxes, fpixel, lpixel, inc,
	    0, intarray, &anynul, status);

	/* read the null value keyword (BLANK) if present */
	tstatus = 0;
	fits_read_key(infptr, TSHORT, "BLANK", &nullvalue, 0, &tstatus);
	if (tstatus) {
	   nullvalue = 0;
	   checknull = 0;
	}

	/* compute statistics of the image */

        fits_img_stats_short(intarray, nx, ny, checknull, nullvalue, 
	&ngood, &minvalue, &maxvalue, &mean, &sigma, &noise1, &noise2, &noise3, &noise5, status);

	imagestats->n_nulls = npix - ngood;
	imagestats->minval = minvalue;
	imagestats->maxval = maxvalue; 
	imagestats->mean = mean; 
	imagestats->sigma = sigma; 
	imagestats->noise1 = noise1; 
	imagestats->noise2 = noise2; 
	imagestats->noise3 = noise3; 
	imagestats->noise5 = noise5; 
    
	free(intarray);
	return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_i4stat(fitsfile *infptr, int naxis, long *naxes, imgstats *imagestats, int *status)
{
/*
    read the central XSAMPLE by YSAMPLE region of pixels in the int*2 image, 
    and then compute basic statistics: min, max, mean, sigma, mean diff, etc.
*/

	long fpixel[9] = {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1};
	long lpixel[9] = {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1};
	long inc[9]    = {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1};
	long i1, i2, npix, ngood, nx, ny;
	int *intarray, minvalue, maxvalue, nullvalue;
	int anynul, tstatus, checknull = 1;
	double mean, sigma, noise1, noise2, noise3, noise5;
	
         /* select the middle XSAMPLE by YSAMPLE area of the image */
	i1 = naxes[0]/2 - (XSAMPLE/2 - 1);
	i2 = naxes[0]/2 + (XSAMPLE/2);
	if (i1 < 1) i1 = 1;
	if (i2 > naxes[0]) i2 = naxes[0];
	fpixel[0] = i1;
	lpixel[0] = i2;
	nx = i2 - i1 +1;

        if (naxis > 1) {
	    i1 = naxes[1]/2 - (YSAMPLE/2 - 1);
	    i2 = naxes[1]/2 + (YSAMPLE/2);
	    if (i1 < 1) i1 = 1;
	    if (i2 > naxes[1]) i2 = naxes[1];
	    fpixel[1] = i1;
	    lpixel[1] = i2;
	}
	ny = i2 - i1 +1;

	npix = nx * ny;

        /* if there are higher dimensions, read the middle plane of the cube */
	if (naxis > 2) {
	    fpixel[2] = naxes[2]/2 + 1;
	    lpixel[2] = naxes[2]/2 + 1;
	}

	intarray = calloc(npix, sizeof(int));
	if (!intarray) {
		*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
		return(*status);
	}

	/* turn off any scaling of the integer pixel values */
	fits_set_bscale(infptr, 1.0, 0.0, status);

	fits_read_subset_int(infptr, 0, naxis, naxes, fpixel, lpixel, inc,
	    0, intarray, &anynul, status);

	/* read the null value keyword (BLANK) if present */
	tstatus = 0;
	fits_read_key(infptr, TINT, "BLANK", &nullvalue, 0, &tstatus);
	if (tstatus) {
	   nullvalue = 0;
	   checknull = 0;
	}

	/* compute statistics of the image */

        fits_img_stats_int(intarray, nx, ny, checknull, nullvalue, 
	&ngood, &minvalue, &maxvalue, &mean, &sigma, &noise1, &noise2, &noise3, &noise5, status);

	imagestats->n_nulls = npix - ngood;
	imagestats->minval = minvalue;
	imagestats->maxval = maxvalue; 
	imagestats->mean = mean; 
	imagestats->sigma = sigma; 
	imagestats->noise1 = noise1; 
	imagestats->noise2 = noise2; 
	imagestats->noise3 = noise3; 
	imagestats->noise5 = noise5; 
    
	free(intarray);
	return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_r4stat(fitsfile *infptr, int naxis, long *naxes, imgstats *imagestats, int *status)
{
/*
    read the central XSAMPLE by YSAMPLE region of pixels in the int*2 image, 
    and then compute basic statistics: min, max, mean, sigma, mean diff, etc.
*/

	long fpixel[9] = {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1};
	long lpixel[9] = {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1};
	long inc[9]    = {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1};
	long i1, i2, npix, ngood, nx, ny;
	float *array, minvalue, maxvalue, nullvalue = FLOATNULLVALUE;
	int anynul,checknull = 1;
	double mean, sigma, noise1, noise2, noise3, noise5;
	
         /* select the middle XSAMPLE by YSAMPLE area of the image */
	i1 = naxes[0]/2 - (XSAMPLE/2 - 1);
	i2 = naxes[0]/2 + (XSAMPLE/2);
	if (i1 < 1) i1 = 1;
	if (i2 > naxes[0]) i2 = naxes[0];
	fpixel[0] = i1;
	lpixel[0] = i2;
	nx = i2 - i1 +1;

        if (naxis > 1) {
	    i1 = naxes[1]/2 - (YSAMPLE/2 - 1);
	    i2 = naxes[1]/2 + (YSAMPLE/2);
	    if (i1 < 1) i1 = 1;
	    if (i2 > naxes[1]) i2 = naxes[1];
	    fpixel[1] = i1;
	    lpixel[1] = i2;
	}
	ny = i2 - i1 +1;

	npix = nx * ny;

        /* if there are higher dimensions, read the middle plane of the cube */
	if (naxis > 2) {
	    fpixel[2] = naxes[2]/2 + 1;
	    lpixel[2] = naxes[2]/2 + 1;
	}

	array = calloc(npix, sizeof(float));
	if (!array) {
		*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
		return(*status);
	}

	fits_read_subset_flt(infptr, 0, naxis, naxes, fpixel, lpixel, inc,
	    nullvalue, array, &anynul, status);

	/* are there any null values in the array? */
	if (!anynul) {
	   nullvalue = 0.;
	   checknull = 0;
	}

	/* compute statistics of the image */

        fits_img_stats_float(array, nx, ny, checknull, nullvalue, 
	&ngood, &minvalue, &maxvalue, &mean, &sigma, &noise1, &noise2, &noise3, &noise5, status);

	imagestats->n_nulls = npix - ngood;
	imagestats->minval = minvalue;
	imagestats->maxval = maxvalue; 
	imagestats->mean = mean; 
	imagestats->sigma = sigma; 
	imagestats->noise1 = noise1; 
	imagestats->noise2 = noise2; 
	imagestats->noise3 = noise3; 
	imagestats->noise5 = noise5; 
    
	free(array);
	return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_i2rescale(fitsfile *infptr, int naxis, long *naxes, double rescale,
    fitsfile *outfptr, int *status)
{
/*
    divide the integer pixel values in the input file by rescale,
    and write back out to the output file..
*/

	long ii, jj, nelem = 1, nx, ny;
	short *intarray, nullvalue;
	int anynul, tstatus, checknull = 1;
	
	nx = naxes[0];
	ny = 1;
	
	for (ii = 1; ii < naxis; ii++) {
	    ny = ny * naxes[ii];
	}

	intarray = calloc(nx, sizeof(short));
	if (!intarray) {
		*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
		return(*status);
	}

	/* read the null value keyword (BLANK) if present */
	tstatus = 0;
	fits_read_key(infptr, TSHORT, "BLANK", &nullvalue, 0, &tstatus);
	if (tstatus) {
	   checknull = 0;
	}

	/* turn off any scaling of the integer pixel values */
	fits_set_bscale(infptr,  1.0, 0.0, status);
	fits_set_bscale(outfptr, 1.0, 0.0, status);

	for (ii = 0; ii < ny; ii++) {

	    fits_read_img_sht(infptr, 1, nelem, nx,
	        0, intarray, &anynul, status);

	    if (checknull) {
	        for (jj = 0; jj < nx; jj++) {
	            if (intarray[jj] != nullvalue)
		        intarray[jj] = NSHRT( (intarray[jj] / rescale) );
		}
	    } else {
	        for (jj = 0; jj < nx; jj++)
		        intarray[jj] = NSHRT( (intarray[jj] / rescale) );
	    }

	    fits_write_img_sht(outfptr, 1, nelem, nx, intarray, status);
	      
	    nelem += nx;
	}

	free(intarray);
	return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fp_i4rescale(fitsfile *infptr, int naxis, long *naxes, double rescale,
    fitsfile *outfptr, int *status)
{
/*
    divide the integer pixel values in the input file by rescale,
    and write back out to the output file..
*/

	long ii, jj, nelem = 1, nx, ny;
	int *intarray, nullvalue;
	int anynul, tstatus, checknull = 1;
	
	nx = naxes[0];
	ny = 1;
	
	for (ii = 1; ii < naxis; ii++) {
	    ny = ny * naxes[ii];
	}

	intarray = calloc(nx, sizeof(int));
	if (!intarray) {
		*status = MEMORY_ALLOCATION;
		return(*status);
	}

	/* read the null value keyword (BLANK) if present */
	tstatus = 0;
	fits_read_key(infptr, TINT, "BLANK", &nullvalue, 0, &tstatus);
	if (tstatus) {
	   checknull = 0;
	}

	/* turn off any scaling of the integer pixel values */
	fits_set_bscale(infptr,  1.0, 0.0, status);
	fits_set_bscale(outfptr, 1.0, 0.0, status);

	for (ii = 0; ii < ny; ii++) {

	    fits_read_img_int(infptr, 1, nelem, nx,
	        0, intarray, &anynul, status);

	    if (checknull) {
	        for (jj = 0; jj < nx; jj++) {
	            if (intarray[jj] != nullvalue)
		        intarray[jj] = NINT( (intarray[jj] / rescale) );
		}
	    } else {
	        for (jj = 0; jj < nx; jj++)
		        intarray[jj] = NINT( (intarray[jj] / rescale) );
	    }

	    fits_write_img_int(outfptr, 1, nelem, nx, intarray, status);
	      
	    nelem += nx;
	}

	free(intarray);
	return(*status);
}
/* ========================================================================
 * Signal and error handler.
 */
void abort_fpack(int sig)
{
     /* clean up by deleting temporary files */
     
      if (tempfilename[0]) {
         remove(tempfilename);
      }
      if (tempfilename2[0]) {
         remove(tempfilename2);
      }
      if (tempfilename3[0]) {
         remove(tempfilename3);
      }
      exit(-1);
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/eval_l.c0000644000225700000360000024664414335036354014101 0ustar  cagordonlhea#line 1 "eval_l.c"

#line 3 "eval_l.c"

#define  YY_INT_ALIGNED short int

/* A lexical scanner generated by flex */

#define FLEX_SCANNER
#define YY_FLEX_MAJOR_VERSION 2
#define YY_FLEX_MINOR_VERSION 6
#define YY_FLEX_SUBMINOR_VERSION 4
#if YY_FLEX_SUBMINOR_VERSION > 0
#define FLEX_BETA
#endif

#ifdef yy_create_buffer
#define fits_parser_yy_create_buffer_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yy_create_buffer fits_parser_yy_create_buffer
#endif

#ifdef yy_delete_buffer
#define fits_parser_yy_delete_buffer_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yy_delete_buffer fits_parser_yy_delete_buffer
#endif

#ifdef yy_scan_buffer
#define fits_parser_yy_scan_buffer_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yy_scan_buffer fits_parser_yy_scan_buffer
#endif

#ifdef yy_scan_string
#define fits_parser_yy_scan_string_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yy_scan_string fits_parser_yy_scan_string
#endif

#ifdef yy_scan_bytes
#define fits_parser_yy_scan_bytes_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yy_scan_bytes fits_parser_yy_scan_bytes
#endif

#ifdef yy_init_buffer
#define fits_parser_yy_init_buffer_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yy_init_buffer fits_parser_yy_init_buffer
#endif

#ifdef yy_flush_buffer
#define fits_parser_yy_flush_buffer_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yy_flush_buffer fits_parser_yy_flush_buffer
#endif

#ifdef yy_load_buffer_state
#define fits_parser_yy_load_buffer_state_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yy_load_buffer_state fits_parser_yy_load_buffer_state
#endif

#ifdef yy_switch_to_buffer
#define fits_parser_yy_switch_to_buffer_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yy_switch_to_buffer fits_parser_yy_switch_to_buffer
#endif

#ifdef yypush_buffer_state
#define fits_parser_yypush_buffer_state_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yypush_buffer_state fits_parser_yypush_buffer_state
#endif

#ifdef yypop_buffer_state
#define fits_parser_yypop_buffer_state_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yypop_buffer_state fits_parser_yypop_buffer_state
#endif

#ifdef yyensure_buffer_stack
#define fits_parser_yyensure_buffer_stack_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyensure_buffer_stack fits_parser_yyensure_buffer_stack
#endif

#ifdef yylex
#define fits_parser_yylex_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yylex fits_parser_yylex
#endif

#ifdef yyrestart
#define fits_parser_yyrestart_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyrestart fits_parser_yyrestart
#endif

#ifdef yylex_init
#define fits_parser_yylex_init_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yylex_init fits_parser_yylex_init
#endif

#ifdef yylex_init_extra
#define fits_parser_yylex_init_extra_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yylex_init_extra fits_parser_yylex_init_extra
#endif

#ifdef yylex_destroy
#define fits_parser_yylex_destroy_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yylex_destroy fits_parser_yylex_destroy
#endif

#ifdef yyget_debug
#define fits_parser_yyget_debug_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyget_debug fits_parser_yyget_debug
#endif

#ifdef yyset_debug
#define fits_parser_yyset_debug_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyset_debug fits_parser_yyset_debug
#endif

#ifdef yyget_extra
#define fits_parser_yyget_extra_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyget_extra fits_parser_yyget_extra
#endif

#ifdef yyset_extra
#define fits_parser_yyset_extra_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyset_extra fits_parser_yyset_extra
#endif

#ifdef yyget_in
#define fits_parser_yyget_in_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyget_in fits_parser_yyget_in
#endif

#ifdef yyset_in
#define fits_parser_yyset_in_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyset_in fits_parser_yyset_in
#endif

#ifdef yyget_out
#define fits_parser_yyget_out_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyget_out fits_parser_yyget_out
#endif

#ifdef yyset_out
#define fits_parser_yyset_out_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyset_out fits_parser_yyset_out
#endif

#ifdef yyget_leng
#define fits_parser_yyget_leng_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyget_leng fits_parser_yyget_leng
#endif

#ifdef yyget_text
#define fits_parser_yyget_text_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyget_text fits_parser_yyget_text
#endif

#ifdef yyget_lineno
#define fits_parser_yyget_lineno_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyget_lineno fits_parser_yyget_lineno
#endif

#ifdef yyset_lineno
#define fits_parser_yyset_lineno_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyset_lineno fits_parser_yyset_lineno
#endif

#ifdef yyget_column
#define fits_parser_yyget_column_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyget_column fits_parser_yyget_column
#endif

#ifdef yyset_column
#define fits_parser_yyset_column_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyset_column fits_parser_yyset_column
#endif

#ifdef yywrap
#define fits_parser_yywrap_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yywrap fits_parser_yywrap
#endif

#ifdef yyget_lval
#define fits_parser_yyget_lval_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyget_lval fits_parser_yyget_lval
#endif

#ifdef yyset_lval
#define fits_parser_yyset_lval_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyset_lval fits_parser_yyset_lval
#endif

#ifdef yyalloc
#define fits_parser_yyalloc_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyalloc fits_parser_yyalloc
#endif

#ifdef yyrealloc
#define fits_parser_yyrealloc_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyrealloc fits_parser_yyrealloc
#endif

#ifdef yyfree
#define fits_parser_yyfree_ALREADY_DEFINED
#else
#define yyfree fits_parser_yyfree
#endif

/* First, we deal with  platform-specific or compiler-specific issues. */

/* begin standard C headers. */
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

/* end standard C headers. */

/* flex integer type definitions */

#ifndef FLEXINT_H
#define FLEXINT_H

/* C99 systems have . Non-C99 systems may or may not. */

#if defined (__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L

/* C99 says to define __STDC_LIMIT_MACROS before including stdint.h,
 * if you want the limit (max/min) macros for int types. 
 */
#ifndef __STDC_LIMIT_MACROS
#define __STDC_LIMIT_MACROS 1
#endif

#include 
typedef int8_t flex_int8_t;
typedef uint8_t flex_uint8_t;
typedef int16_t flex_int16_t;
typedef uint16_t flex_uint16_t;
typedef int32_t flex_int32_t;
typedef uint32_t flex_uint32_t;
#else
typedef signed char flex_int8_t;
typedef short int flex_int16_t;
typedef int flex_int32_t;
typedef unsigned char flex_uint8_t; 
typedef unsigned short int flex_uint16_t;
typedef unsigned int flex_uint32_t;

/* Limits of integral types. */
#ifndef INT8_MIN
#define INT8_MIN               (-128)
#endif
#ifndef INT16_MIN
#define INT16_MIN              (-32767-1)
#endif
#ifndef INT32_MIN
#define INT32_MIN              (-2147483647-1)
#endif
#ifndef INT8_MAX
#define INT8_MAX               (127)
#endif
#ifndef INT16_MAX
#define INT16_MAX              (32767)
#endif
#ifndef INT32_MAX
#define INT32_MAX              (2147483647)
#endif
#ifndef UINT8_MAX
#define UINT8_MAX              (255U)
#endif
#ifndef UINT16_MAX
#define UINT16_MAX             (65535U)
#endif
#ifndef UINT32_MAX
#define UINT32_MAX             (4294967295U)
#endif

#ifndef SIZE_MAX
#define SIZE_MAX               (~(size_t)0)
#endif

#endif /* ! C99 */

#endif /* ! FLEXINT_H */

/* begin standard C++ headers. */

/* TODO: this is always defined, so inline it */
#define yyconst const

#if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 3
#define yynoreturn __attribute__((__noreturn__))
#else
#define yynoreturn
#endif

/* Returned upon end-of-file. */
#define YY_NULL 0

/* Promotes a possibly negative, possibly signed char to an
 *   integer in range [0..255] for use as an array index.
 */
#define YY_SC_TO_UI(c) ((YY_CHAR) (c))

/* An opaque pointer. */
#ifndef YY_TYPEDEF_YY_SCANNER_T
#define YY_TYPEDEF_YY_SCANNER_T
typedef void* yyscan_t;
#endif

/* For convenience, these vars (plus the bison vars far below)
   are macros in the reentrant scanner. */
#define yyin yyg->yyin_r
#define yyout yyg->yyout_r
#define yyextra yyg->yyextra_r
#define yyleng yyg->yyleng_r
#define yytext yyg->yytext_r
#define yylineno (YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_bs_lineno)
#define yycolumn (YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_bs_column)
#define yy_flex_debug yyg->yy_flex_debug_r

/* Enter a start condition.  This macro really ought to take a parameter,
 * but we do it the disgusting crufty way forced on us by the ()-less
 * definition of BEGIN.
 */
#define BEGIN yyg->yy_start = 1 + 2 *
/* Translate the current start state into a value that can be later handed
 * to BEGIN to return to the state.  The YYSTATE alias is for lex
 * compatibility.
 */
#define YY_START ((yyg->yy_start - 1) / 2)
#define YYSTATE YY_START
/* Action number for EOF rule of a given start state. */
#define YY_STATE_EOF(state) (YY_END_OF_BUFFER + state + 1)
/* Special action meaning "start processing a new file". */
#define YY_NEW_FILE yyrestart( yyin , yyscanner )
#define YY_END_OF_BUFFER_CHAR 0

/* Size of default input buffer. */
#ifndef YY_BUF_SIZE
#ifdef __ia64__
/* On IA-64, the buffer size is 16k, not 8k.
 * Moreover, YY_BUF_SIZE is 2*YY_READ_BUF_SIZE in the general case.
 * Ditto for the __ia64__ case accordingly.
 */
#define YY_BUF_SIZE 32768
#else
#define YY_BUF_SIZE 16384
#endif /* __ia64__ */
#endif

/* The state buf must be large enough to hold one state per character in the main buffer.
 */
#define YY_STATE_BUF_SIZE   ((YY_BUF_SIZE + 2) * sizeof(yy_state_type))

#ifndef YY_TYPEDEF_YY_BUFFER_STATE
#define YY_TYPEDEF_YY_BUFFER_STATE
typedef struct yy_buffer_state *YY_BUFFER_STATE;
#endif

#ifndef YY_TYPEDEF_YY_SIZE_T
#define YY_TYPEDEF_YY_SIZE_T
typedef size_t yy_size_t;
#endif

#define EOB_ACT_CONTINUE_SCAN 0
#define EOB_ACT_END_OF_FILE 1
#define EOB_ACT_LAST_MATCH 2
    
    #define YY_LESS_LINENO(n)
    #define YY_LINENO_REWIND_TO(ptr)
    
/* Return all but the first "n" matched characters back to the input stream. */
#define yyless(n) \
	do \
		{ \
		/* Undo effects of setting up yytext. */ \
        int yyless_macro_arg = (n); \
        YY_LESS_LINENO(yyless_macro_arg);\
		*yy_cp = yyg->yy_hold_char; \
		YY_RESTORE_YY_MORE_OFFSET \
		yyg->yy_c_buf_p = yy_cp = yy_bp + yyless_macro_arg - YY_MORE_ADJ; \
		YY_DO_BEFORE_ACTION; /* set up yytext again */ \
		} \
	while ( 0 )
#define unput(c) yyunput( c, yyg->yytext_ptr , yyscanner )

#ifndef YY_STRUCT_YY_BUFFER_STATE
#define YY_STRUCT_YY_BUFFER_STATE
struct yy_buffer_state
	{
	FILE *yy_input_file;

	char *yy_ch_buf;		/* input buffer */
	char *yy_buf_pos;		/* current position in input buffer */

	/* Size of input buffer in bytes, not including room for EOB
	 * characters.
	 */
	int yy_buf_size;

	/* Number of characters read into yy_ch_buf, not including EOB
	 * characters.
	 */
	int yy_n_chars;

	/* Whether we "own" the buffer - i.e., we know we created it,
	 * and can realloc() it to grow it, and should free() it to
	 * delete it.
	 */
	int yy_is_our_buffer;

	/* Whether this is an "interactive" input source; if so, and
	 * if we're using stdio for input, then we want to use getc()
	 * instead of fread(), to make sure we stop fetching input after
	 * each newline.
	 */
	int yy_is_interactive;

	/* Whether we're considered to be at the beginning of a line.
	 * If so, '^' rules will be active on the next match, otherwise
	 * not.
	 */
	int yy_at_bol;

    int yy_bs_lineno; /**< The line count. */
    int yy_bs_column; /**< The column count. */

	/* Whether to try to fill the input buffer when we reach the
	 * end of it.
	 */
	int yy_fill_buffer;

	int yy_buffer_status;

#define YY_BUFFER_NEW 0
#define YY_BUFFER_NORMAL 1
	/* When an EOF's been seen but there's still some text to process
	 * then we mark the buffer as YY_EOF_PENDING, to indicate that we
	 * shouldn't try reading from the input source any more.  We might
	 * still have a bunch of tokens to match, though, because of
	 * possible backing-up.
	 *
	 * When we actually see the EOF, we change the status to "new"
	 * (via yyrestart()), so that the user can continue scanning by
	 * just pointing yyin at a new input file.
	 */
#define YY_BUFFER_EOF_PENDING 2

	};
#endif /* !YY_STRUCT_YY_BUFFER_STATE */

/* We provide macros for accessing buffer states in case in the
 * future we want to put the buffer states in a more general
 * "scanner state".
 *
 * Returns the top of the stack, or NULL.
 */
#define YY_CURRENT_BUFFER ( yyg->yy_buffer_stack \
                          ? yyg->yy_buffer_stack[yyg->yy_buffer_stack_top] \
                          : NULL)
/* Same as previous macro, but useful when we know that the buffer stack is not
 * NULL or when we need an lvalue. For internal use only.
 */
#define YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE yyg->yy_buffer_stack[yyg->yy_buffer_stack_top]

void yyrestart ( FILE *input_file , yyscan_t yyscanner );
void yy_switch_to_buffer ( YY_BUFFER_STATE new_buffer , yyscan_t yyscanner );
YY_BUFFER_STATE yy_create_buffer ( FILE *file, int size , yyscan_t yyscanner );
void yy_delete_buffer ( YY_BUFFER_STATE b , yyscan_t yyscanner );
void yy_flush_buffer ( YY_BUFFER_STATE b , yyscan_t yyscanner );
void yypush_buffer_state ( YY_BUFFER_STATE new_buffer , yyscan_t yyscanner );
void yypop_buffer_state ( yyscan_t yyscanner );

static void yyensure_buffer_stack ( yyscan_t yyscanner );
static void yy_load_buffer_state ( yyscan_t yyscanner );
static void yy_init_buffer ( YY_BUFFER_STATE b, FILE *file , yyscan_t yyscanner );
#define YY_FLUSH_BUFFER yy_flush_buffer( YY_CURRENT_BUFFER , yyscanner)

YY_BUFFER_STATE yy_scan_buffer ( char *base, yy_size_t size , yyscan_t yyscanner );
YY_BUFFER_STATE yy_scan_string ( const char *yy_str , yyscan_t yyscanner );
YY_BUFFER_STATE yy_scan_bytes ( const char *bytes, int len , yyscan_t yyscanner );

void *yyalloc ( yy_size_t , yyscan_t yyscanner );
void *yyrealloc ( void *, yy_size_t , yyscan_t yyscanner );
void yyfree ( void * , yyscan_t yyscanner );

#define yy_new_buffer yy_create_buffer
#define yy_set_interactive(is_interactive) \
	{ \
	if ( ! YY_CURRENT_BUFFER ){ \
        yyensure_buffer_stack (yyscanner); \
		YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE =    \
            yy_create_buffer( yyin, YY_BUF_SIZE , yyscanner); \
	} \
	YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_is_interactive = is_interactive; \
	}
#define yy_set_bol(at_bol) \
	{ \
	if ( ! YY_CURRENT_BUFFER ){\
        yyensure_buffer_stack (yyscanner); \
		YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE =    \
            yy_create_buffer( yyin, YY_BUF_SIZE , yyscanner); \
	} \
	YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_at_bol = at_bol; \
	}
#define YY_AT_BOL() (YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_at_bol)

/* Begin user sect3 */
typedef flex_uint8_t YY_CHAR;

typedef int yy_state_type;

#define yytext_ptr yytext_r

static yy_state_type yy_get_previous_state ( yyscan_t yyscanner );
static yy_state_type yy_try_NUL_trans ( yy_state_type current_state  , yyscan_t yyscanner);
static int yy_get_next_buffer ( yyscan_t yyscanner );
static void yynoreturn yy_fatal_error ( const char* msg , yyscan_t yyscanner );

/* Done after the current pattern has been matched and before the
 * corresponding action - sets up yytext.
 */
#define YY_DO_BEFORE_ACTION \
	yyg->yytext_ptr = yy_bp; \
	yyleng = (int) (yy_cp - yy_bp); \
	yyg->yy_hold_char = *yy_cp; \
	*yy_cp = '\0'; \
	yyg->yy_c_buf_p = yy_cp;
#define YY_NUM_RULES 30
#define YY_END_OF_BUFFER 31
/* This struct is not used in this scanner,
   but its presence is necessary. */
struct yy_trans_info
	{
	flex_int32_t yy_verify;
	flex_int32_t yy_nxt;
	};
static const flex_int16_t yy_accept[174] =
    {   0,
        0,    0,   31,   29,    1,   28,   18,   29,   29,   29,
       29,   29,   29,   29,   10,    8,    8,   24,   29,   23,
       13,   13,   13,   13,    9,   13,   13,   13,   13,   13,
       17,   13,   13,   13,   13,   13,   13,   13,   29,    1,
       22,    0,   12,    0,   11,    0,   13,   20,    0,    0,
        0,    0,    0,    0,    0,   17,    0,   10,    0,    0,
        0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,
        0,    0,   10,    8,    0,    0,    0,    0,   26,   21,
       25,   13,   13,   13,    2,   13,   13,   13,    4,   13,
       13,   13,   13,    3,   13,   27,   13,   13,   13,   13,

       13,   13,   13,   13,   13,   19,    0,   11,    0,    0,
        0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,
        0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,
        0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,   10,    5,    6,    7,
       14,   13,   23,   24,   13,   13,   13,    0,    0,    0,
        0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,   18,
        0,    0,   15,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,
       16,    0,    0
    } ;

static const YY_CHAR yy_ec[256] =
    {   0,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    2,    3,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    2,    4,    5,    6,    7,    1,    8,    9,   10,
       11,   12,   13,    1,   13,   14,    1,   15,   16,   17,
       17,   17,   17,   17,   17,   18,   18,    1,    1,   19,
       20,   21,    1,    1,   22,   23,   24,   25,   26,   27,
       28,   29,   30,   31,   31,   32,   31,   33,   34,   31,
       35,   36,   31,   37,   38,   31,   31,   39,   31,   31,
        1,    1,   40,   41,   42,    1,   43,   44,   24,   45,

       46,   47,   48,   29,   49,   31,   31,   50,   31,   51,
       52,   31,   53,   54,   31,   55,   56,   31,   31,   57,
       31,   31,    1,   58,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,

        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1
    } ;

static const YY_CHAR yy_meta[59] =
    {   0,
        1,    1,    2,    1,    1,    1,    3,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    4,    4,    4,    4,    1,    1,
        1,    4,    4,    4,    4,    4,    4,    5,    5,    5,
        5,    5,    5,    5,    5,    5,    5,    5,    5,    1,
        1,    5,    4,    4,    4,    4,    4,    5,    5,    5,
        5,    5,    5,    5,    5,    5,    5,    1
    } ;

static const flex_int16_t yy_base[182] =
    {   0,
        0,    0,  412,  413,  409,  413,  390,  404,  401,  400,
      398,  396,   34,  392,   70,  114,   16,  383,   46,  382,
       29,   84,  359,   28,  358,   52,  157,   64,   91,  128,
      358,    0,   40,   27,   69,   92,  100,  171,  340,  395,
      413,  391,  413,  388,  387,  386,  413,  413,  383,  357,
      358,  356,  336,  337,  335,  413,  139,  190,  352,  349,
       71,  111,  135,  347,  348,  330,  327,   59,   64,  116,
      325,  323,  175,    0,   59,  120,  326,    0,  413,  413,
      413,  153,  184,    0,  202,  209,  210,  219,  351,  220,
      228,  229,  211,  230,  240,  413,  221,  246,  254,  263,

      264,  265,  266,  239,  275,  413,  346,  342,  310,  313,
      309,  289,  292,  288,  275,  317,  327,  326,  325,  324,
      323,  322,  298,  320,  297,  287,  317,  315,  314,  312,
      311,  310,  249,  289,  243,  294,  298,  134,  246,    0,
      413,  285,  413,  413,  288,  308,  309,  261,  261,  256,
      221,  215,  246,  241,  223,  218,  213,  208,  197,  413,
      166,  160,  413,  128,  122,  150,  154,  105,  101,   96,
      413,   84,  413,  351,  354,  359,  364,  366,  368,  373,
       89
    } ;

static const flex_int16_t yy_def[182] =
    {   0,
      173,    1,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  174,  175,  176,
      173,  177,  173,  173,  173,  173,   16,  173,  173,  173,
      178,  178,  178,  178,  178,  178,  178,  178,  178,  178,
      173,  179,  178,  178,  178,  178,  178,  178,  173,  173,
      173,  174,  173,  180,  175,  176,  173,  173,  177,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,   17,  173,  173,  173,  181,  173,  173,
      173,  178,  178,  179,  178,  178,  178,  178,   27,  178,
      178,  178,  178,  178,  178,  173,  178,  178,  178,  178,

      178,  178,  178,  178,  178,  173,  180,  180,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  181,
      173,  178,  173,  173,  178,  178,  178,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,    0,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173
    } ;

static const flex_int16_t yy_nxt[472] =
    {   0,
        4,    5,    6,    7,    8,    9,   10,   11,   12,   13,
        4,   14,    4,   15,   16,   17,   17,   17,   18,   19,
       20,   21,   22,   23,   23,   24,   25,   26,   27,   23,
       23,   28,   29,   30,   23,   23,   25,   23,   23,    4,
       31,   32,   33,   22,   23,   34,   25,   35,   23,   36,
       37,   38,   23,   23,   25,   23,   23,   39,   50,  173,
       51,   83,   86,   52,   79,   80,   81,  173,   84,   84,
       84,  136,  173,  137,  137,  137,  137,   87,   53,   98,
       54,   84,   55,   57,   58,   58,   58,   58,   88,   90,
       97,   59,  140,   84,  171,   60,  118,   61,   85,   85,

       91,   62,   63,   64,  128,   84,  171,  119,   65,  130,
       84,  171,   66,  129,   99,   67,   92,   68,  131,   69,
       70,   71,   85,  100,   93,   84,   72,   73,   74,   74,
       74,   74,   84,   84,  138,  138,  120,  101,   75,   75,
       85,   84,   94,   94,   94,  103,  102,  121,  138,  138,
      172,  104,   57,  115,  115,  115,  115,   76,   75,   75,
      122,  132,  141,   95,  171,   77,   94,  133,  123,   84,
       78,   89,   89,   89,   89,  170,  169,  168,   89,   89,
       89,   89,   89,   89,   94,   94,   94,   94,   57,   58,
       58,   58,   58,  141,   84,   89,  167,  166,   84,   89,

       89,   89,   89,   89,   58,   58,   58,   58,  142,   94,
       96,  141,   84,   89,   75,   75,   85,   85,  141,  141,
      141,  160,   80,   81,  105,   84,   48,   94,  141,  141,
      141,   96,  143,   79,   75,   75,  160,  141,  141,  141,
       85,  144,   41,   84,   94,   94,   94,  145,  141,  141,
       84,   84,   84,  106,   48,  141,  163,  165,   85,   80,
       84,   84,   84,  141,  164,  146,  163,   81,   94,   84,
       84,   84,  141,  141,  141,  141,  143,   79,  144,   41,
       84,   84,  162,  161,  141,  139,   94,   84,  106,  115,
      115,  115,  115,  147,  141,   84,  159,  141,   48,   75,

       75,  160,  106,  158,   84,   84,   84,   84,  137,  137,
      137,  137,  137,  137,  137,  137,   84,  141,  141,   75,
       75,   48,  160,   41,  144,   79,   84,  143,   81,   84,
       80,  157,  156,  106,  155,   41,  144,   79,  143,   81,
       80,  154,  153,  152,  151,  150,  149,  148,  108,   84,
       84,   42,  108,   42,   42,   42,   45,   45,   45,   46,
      141,   46,   46,   46,   49,  139,   49,   49,   49,   82,
       82,   84,   84,  107,  135,  107,  107,  107,  134,  127,
      126,  125,  124,  117,  116,  114,  113,  112,  111,  110,
      109,   43,   47,  173,  108,   43,   40,  106,   96,   84,

       84,   81,   79,   56,   43,   48,   47,   44,   43,   41,
       40,  173,    3,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173
    } ;

static const flex_int16_t yy_chk[472] =
    {   0,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,
        1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,    1,   13,   17,
       13,   21,   24,   13,   19,   19,   19,   17,   34,   24,
       21,   75,   17,   75,   75,   75,   75,   26,   13,   34,
       13,   33,   13,   15,   15,   15,   15,   15,   26,   28,
       33,   15,  181,   26,  172,   15,   61,   15,   22,   22,

       28,   15,   15,   15,   68,   28,  170,   61,   15,   69,
       35,  169,   15,   68,   35,   15,   29,   15,   69,   15,
       15,   15,   22,   35,   29,   22,   15,   16,   16,   16,
       16,   16,   29,   36,   76,   76,   62,   36,   16,   16,
       22,   37,   30,   30,   30,   37,   36,   62,  138,  138,
      168,   37,   57,   57,   57,   57,   57,   16,   16,   16,
       63,   70,   82,   30,  167,   16,   30,   70,   63,   30,
       16,   27,   27,   27,   27,  166,  165,  164,   27,   27,
       27,   27,   27,   27,   30,   38,   38,   38,   73,   73,
       73,   73,   73,   83,   82,   27,  162,  161,   27,   27,

       27,   27,   27,   27,   58,   58,   58,   58,   83,   38,
      159,   85,   38,   27,   58,   58,   85,   85,   86,   87,
       93,  158,   86,   87,   38,   83,  157,   38,   88,   90,
       97,  156,   88,   90,   58,   58,  155,   91,   92,   94,
       85,   91,   92,   85,   94,   94,   94,   93,  104,   95,
       86,   87,   93,   95,  154,   98,  153,  152,   85,   98,
       88,   90,   97,   99,  151,   97,  150,   99,   94,   91,
       92,   94,  100,  101,  102,  103,  100,  101,  102,  103,
      104,   95,  149,  148,  105,  139,   94,   98,  105,  115,
      115,  115,  115,  104,  142,   99,  135,  145,  142,  115,

      115,  145,  134,  133,  100,  101,  102,  103,  136,  136,
      136,  136,  137,  137,  137,  137,  105,  146,  147,  115,
      115,  146,  147,  132,  131,  130,  142,  129,  128,  145,
      127,  126,  125,  124,  123,  122,  121,  120,  119,  118,
      117,  116,  114,  113,  112,  111,  110,  109,  108,  146,
      147,  174,  107,  174,  174,  174,  175,  175,  175,  176,
       89,  176,  176,  176,  177,   77,  177,  177,  177,  178,
      178,  179,  179,  180,   72,  180,  180,  180,   71,   67,
       66,   65,   64,   60,   59,   55,   54,   53,   52,   51,
       50,   49,   46,   45,   44,   42,   40,   39,   31,   25,

       23,   20,   18,   14,   12,   11,   10,    9,    8,    7,
        5,    3,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,  173,
      173
    } ;

/* The intent behind this definition is that it'll catch
 * any uses of REJECT which flex missed.
 */
#define REJECT reject_used_but_not_detected
#define yymore() yymore_used_but_not_detected
#define YY_MORE_ADJ 0
#define YY_RESTORE_YY_MORE_OFFSET
#line 1 "eval.l"
/************************************************************************/
/*                                                                      */
/*                       CFITSIO Lexical Parser                         */
/*                                                                      */
/* This specifies a thread-safe reentrant version of lex functions */
/* This specifies CFITSIO-unique names for lexer functions */
/* This facilitates calling between the Bison parser and this lexer */
#line 14 "eval.l"
/* This file is one of 3 files containing code which parses an          */
/* arithmetic expression and evaluates it in the context of an input    */
/* FITS file table extension.  The CFITSIO lexical parser is divided    */
/* into the following 3 parts/files: the CFITSIO "front-end",           */
/* eval_f.c, contains the interface between the user/CFITSIO and the    */
/* real core of the parser; the FLEX interpreter, eval_l.c, takes the   */
/* input string and parses it into tokens and identifies the FITS       */
/* information required to evaluate the expression (ie, keywords and    */
/* columns); and, the BISON grammar and evaluation routines, eval_y.c,  */
/* receives the FLEX output and determines and performs the actual      */
/* operations.  The files eval_l.c and eval_y.c are produced from       */
/* running flex and bison on the files eval.l and eval.y, respectively. */
/* (flex and bison are available from any GNU archive: see www.gnu.org) */
/*                                                                      */
/* The grammar rules, rather than evaluating the expression in situ,    */
/* builds a tree, or Nodal, structure mapping out the order of          */
/* operations and expression dependencies.  This "compilation" process  */
/* allows for much faster processing of multiple rows.  This technique  */
/* was developed by Uwe Lammers of the XMM Science Analysis System,     */
/* although the CFITSIO implementation is entirely code original.       */
/*                                                                      */
/*                                                                      */
/* Modification History:                                                */
/*                                                                      */
/*   Kent Blackburn      c1992  Original parser code developed for the  */
/*                              FTOOLS software package, in particular, */
/*                              the fselect task.                       */
/*   Kent Blackburn      c1995  BIT column support added                */
/*   Peter D Wilson   Feb 1998  Vector column support added             */
/*   Peter D Wilson   May 1998  Ported to CFITSIO library.  User        */
/*                              interface routines written, in essence  */
/*                              making fselect, fcalc, and maketime     */
/*                              capabilities available to all tools     */
/*                              via single function calls.              */
/*   Peter D Wilson   Jun 1998  Major rewrite of parser core, so as to  */
/*                              create a run-time evaluation tree,      */
/*                              inspired by the work of Uwe Lammers,    */
/*                              resulting in a speed increase of        */
/*                              10-100 times.                           */
/*   Peter D Wilson   Jul 1998  gtifilter(a,b,c,d) function added       */
/*   Peter D Wilson   Aug 1998  regfilter(a,b,c,d) function added       */
/*   Peter D Wilson   Jul 1999  Make parser fitsfile-independent,       */
/*                              allowing a purely vector-based usage    */
/*                                                                      */
/************************************************************************/

#include 
#include 
#include 
#ifdef sparc
#include 
#else
#include 
#endif
#include "eval_defs.h"
#include "eval_tab.h"

/* This is a shorthand accessor to get at the "extra" data inside the
   lexer, which in our case is the lParse (ParseData) structure */
#define yylParse (yyextra)

/*****  Internal functions  *****/

       int fits_parser_yyGetVariable( ParseData *lParse, char *varName, FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE *varVal );

static int find_variable( ParseData *lParse, char *varName );
static int expr_read( ParseData *lParse, char *buf, int nbytes );

/*****  Definitions  *****/

#define YY_NO_UNPUT   /*  Don't include YYUNPUT function  */
#define YY_NEVER_INTERACTIVE 1

#define MAXCHR 256
#define MAXBIT 128

#define OCT_0 "000"
#define OCT_1 "001"
#define OCT_2 "010"
#define OCT_3 "011"
#define OCT_4 "100"
#define OCT_5 "101"
#define OCT_6 "110"
#define OCT_7 "111"
#define OCT_X "xxx"

#define HEX_0 "0000"
#define HEX_1 "0001"
#define HEX_2 "0010"
#define HEX_3 "0011"
#define HEX_4 "0100"
#define HEX_5 "0101"
#define HEX_6 "0110"
#define HEX_7 "0111"
#define HEX_8 "1000"
#define HEX_9 "1001"
#define HEX_A "1010"
#define HEX_B "1011"
#define HEX_C "1100"
#define HEX_D "1101"
#define HEX_E "1110"
#define HEX_F "1111"
#define HEX_X "xxxx"

/* 
   MJT - 13 June 1996
   read from buffer instead of stdin
   (as per old ftools.skel)
*/
#undef YY_INPUT
#define YY_INPUT(buf,result,max_size) \
        if ( (result = expr_read( yylParse, (char *) buf, max_size )) < 0 ) \
            YY_FATAL_ERROR( "read() in flex scanner failed" );

#line 925 "eval_l.c"
#line 926 "eval_l.c"

#define INITIAL 0

#ifndef YY_NO_UNISTD_H
/* Special case for "unistd.h", since it is non-ANSI. We include it way
 * down here because we want the user's section 1 to have been scanned first.
 * The user has a chance to override it with an option.
 */
#include 
#endif

#ifndef YY_EXTRA_TYPE
#define YY_EXTRA_TYPE void *
#endif

/* Holds the entire state of the reentrant scanner. */
struct yyguts_t
    {

    /* User-defined. Not touched by flex. */
    YY_EXTRA_TYPE yyextra_r;

    /* The rest are the same as the globals declared in the non-reentrant scanner. */
    FILE *yyin_r, *yyout_r;
    size_t yy_buffer_stack_top; /**< index of top of stack. */
    size_t yy_buffer_stack_max; /**< capacity of stack. */
    YY_BUFFER_STATE * yy_buffer_stack; /**< Stack as an array. */
    char yy_hold_char;
    int yy_n_chars;
    int yyleng_r;
    char *yy_c_buf_p;
    int yy_init;
    int yy_start;
    int yy_did_buffer_switch_on_eof;
    int yy_start_stack_ptr;
    int yy_start_stack_depth;
    int *yy_start_stack;
    yy_state_type yy_last_accepting_state;
    char* yy_last_accepting_cpos;

    int yylineno_r;
    int yy_flex_debug_r;

    char *yytext_r;
    int yy_more_flag;
    int yy_more_len;

    YYSTYPE * yylval_r;

    }; /* end struct yyguts_t */

static int yy_init_globals ( yyscan_t yyscanner );

    /* This must go here because YYSTYPE and YYLTYPE are included
     * from bison output in section 1.*/
    #    define yylval yyg->yylval_r
    
int yylex_init (yyscan_t* scanner);

int yylex_init_extra ( YY_EXTRA_TYPE user_defined, yyscan_t* scanner);

/* Accessor methods to globals.
   These are made visible to non-reentrant scanners for convenience. */

int yylex_destroy ( yyscan_t yyscanner );

int yyget_debug ( yyscan_t yyscanner );

void yyset_debug ( int debug_flag , yyscan_t yyscanner );

YY_EXTRA_TYPE yyget_extra ( yyscan_t yyscanner );

void yyset_extra ( YY_EXTRA_TYPE user_defined , yyscan_t yyscanner );

FILE *yyget_in ( yyscan_t yyscanner );

void yyset_in  ( FILE * _in_str , yyscan_t yyscanner );

FILE *yyget_out ( yyscan_t yyscanner );

void yyset_out  ( FILE * _out_str , yyscan_t yyscanner );

			int yyget_leng ( yyscan_t yyscanner );

char *yyget_text ( yyscan_t yyscanner );

int yyget_lineno ( yyscan_t yyscanner );

void yyset_lineno ( int _line_number , yyscan_t yyscanner );

int yyget_column  ( yyscan_t yyscanner );

void yyset_column ( int _column_no , yyscan_t yyscanner );

YYSTYPE * yyget_lval ( yyscan_t yyscanner );

void yyset_lval ( YYSTYPE * yylval_param , yyscan_t yyscanner );

/* Macros after this point can all be overridden by user definitions in
 * section 1.
 */

#ifndef YY_SKIP_YYWRAP
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" int yywrap ( yyscan_t yyscanner );
#else
extern int yywrap ( yyscan_t yyscanner );
#endif
#endif

#ifndef YY_NO_UNPUT
    
    static void yyunput ( int c, char *buf_ptr  , yyscan_t yyscanner);
    
#endif

#ifndef yytext_ptr
static void yy_flex_strncpy ( char *, const char *, int , yyscan_t yyscanner);
#endif

#ifdef YY_NEED_STRLEN
static int yy_flex_strlen ( const char * , yyscan_t yyscanner);
#endif

#ifndef YY_NO_INPUT
#ifdef __cplusplus
static int yyinput ( yyscan_t yyscanner );
#else
static int input ( yyscan_t yyscanner );
#endif

#endif

/* Amount of stuff to slurp up with each read. */
#ifndef YY_READ_BUF_SIZE
#ifdef __ia64__
/* On IA-64, the buffer size is 16k, not 8k */
#define YY_READ_BUF_SIZE 16384
#else
#define YY_READ_BUF_SIZE 8192
#endif /* __ia64__ */
#endif

/* Copy whatever the last rule matched to the standard output. */
#ifndef ECHO
/* This used to be an fputs(), but since the string might contain NUL's,
 * we now use fwrite().
 */
#define ECHO do { if (fwrite( yytext, (size_t) yyleng, 1, yyout )) {} } while (0)
#endif

/* Gets input and stuffs it into "buf".  number of characters read, or YY_NULL,
 * is returned in "result".
 */
#ifndef YY_INPUT
#define YY_INPUT(buf,result,max_size) \
	if ( YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_is_interactive ) \
		{ \
		int c = '*'; \
		int n; \
		for ( n = 0; n < max_size && \
			     (c = getc( yyin )) != EOF && c != '\n'; ++n ) \
			buf[n] = (char) c; \
		if ( c == '\n' ) \
			buf[n++] = (char) c; \
		if ( c == EOF && ferror( yyin ) ) \
			YY_FATAL_ERROR( "input in flex scanner failed" ); \
		result = n; \
		} \
	else \
		{ \
		errno=0; \
		while ( (result = (int) fread(buf, 1, (yy_size_t) max_size, yyin)) == 0 && ferror(yyin)) \
			{ \
			if( errno != EINTR) \
				{ \
				YY_FATAL_ERROR( "input in flex scanner failed" ); \
				break; \
				} \
			errno=0; \
			clearerr(yyin); \
			} \
		}\
\

#endif

/* No semi-colon after return; correct usage is to write "yyterminate();" -
 * we don't want an extra ';' after the "return" because that will cause
 * some compilers to complain about unreachable statements.
 */
#ifndef yyterminate
#define yyterminate() return YY_NULL
#endif

/* Number of entries by which start-condition stack grows. */
#ifndef YY_START_STACK_INCR
#define YY_START_STACK_INCR 25
#endif

/* Report a fatal error. */
#ifndef YY_FATAL_ERROR
#define YY_FATAL_ERROR(msg) yy_fatal_error( msg , yyscanner)
#endif

/* end tables serialization structures and prototypes */

/* Default declaration of generated scanner - a define so the user can
 * easily add parameters.
 */
#ifndef YY_DECL
#define YY_DECL_IS_OURS 1

extern int yylex \
               (YYSTYPE * yylval_param , yyscan_t yyscanner);

#define YY_DECL int yylex \
               (YYSTYPE * yylval_param , yyscan_t yyscanner)
#endif /* !YY_DECL */

/* Code executed at the beginning of each rule, after yytext and yyleng
 * have been set up.
 */
#ifndef YY_USER_ACTION
#define YY_USER_ACTION
#endif

/* Code executed at the end of each rule. */
#ifndef YY_BREAK
#define YY_BREAK /*LINTED*/break;
#endif

#define YY_RULE_SETUP \
	YY_USER_ACTION

/** The main scanner function which does all the work.
 */
YY_DECL
{
	yy_state_type yy_current_state;
	char *yy_cp, *yy_bp;
	int yy_act;
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;

    yylval = yylval_param;

	if ( !yyg->yy_init )
		{
		yyg->yy_init = 1;

#ifdef YY_USER_INIT
		YY_USER_INIT;
#endif

		if ( ! yyg->yy_start )
			yyg->yy_start = 1;	/* first start state */

		if ( ! yyin )
			yyin = stdin;

		if ( ! yyout )
			yyout = stdout;

		if ( ! YY_CURRENT_BUFFER ) {
			yyensure_buffer_stack (yyscanner);
			YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE =
				yy_create_buffer( yyin, YY_BUF_SIZE , yyscanner);
		}

		yy_load_buffer_state( yyscanner );
		}

	{
#line 158 "eval.l"


#line 1203 "eval_l.c"

	while ( /*CONSTCOND*/1 )		/* loops until end-of-file is reached */
		{
		yy_cp = yyg->yy_c_buf_p;

		/* Support of yytext. */
		*yy_cp = yyg->yy_hold_char;

		/* yy_bp points to the position in yy_ch_buf of the start of
		 * the current run.
		 */
		yy_bp = yy_cp;

		yy_current_state = yyg->yy_start;
yy_match:
		do
			{
			YY_CHAR yy_c = yy_ec[YY_SC_TO_UI(*yy_cp)] ;
			if ( yy_accept[yy_current_state] )
				{
				yyg->yy_last_accepting_state = yy_current_state;
				yyg->yy_last_accepting_cpos = yy_cp;
				}
			while ( yy_chk[yy_base[yy_current_state] + yy_c] != yy_current_state )
				{
				yy_current_state = (int) yy_def[yy_current_state];
				if ( yy_current_state >= 174 )
					yy_c = yy_meta[yy_c];
				}
			yy_current_state = yy_nxt[yy_base[yy_current_state] + yy_c];
			++yy_cp;
			}
		while ( yy_base[yy_current_state] != 413 );

yy_find_action:
		yy_act = yy_accept[yy_current_state];
		if ( yy_act == 0 )
			{ /* have to back up */
			yy_cp = yyg->yy_last_accepting_cpos;
			yy_current_state = yyg->yy_last_accepting_state;
			yy_act = yy_accept[yy_current_state];
			}

		YY_DO_BEFORE_ACTION;

do_action:	/* This label is used only to access EOF actions. */

		switch ( yy_act )
	{ /* beginning of action switch */
			case 0: /* must back up */
			/* undo the effects of YY_DO_BEFORE_ACTION */
			*yy_cp = yyg->yy_hold_char;
			yy_cp = yyg->yy_last_accepting_cpos;
			yy_current_state = yyg->yy_last_accepting_state;
			goto yy_find_action;

case 1:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 160 "eval.l"
;
	YY_BREAK
case 2:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 161 "eval.l"
{
                  int len;
                  len = strlen(yytext);
		  while (yytext[len] == ' ')
			len--;
                  len = len - 1;
		  strncpy(yylval->str,&yytext[1],len);
		  yylval->str[len] = '\0';
		  return( BITSTR );
		}
	YY_BREAK
case 3:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 171 "eval.l"
{
                  int len;
                  char tmpstring[256];
                  char bitstring[256];
                  len = strlen(yytext);
		  if (len >= 256) {
		    char errMsg[100];
		    yylParse->status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
		    strcpy (errMsg,"Bit string exceeds maximum length: '");
		    strncat(errMsg, &(yytext[0]), 20);
		    strcat (errMsg,"...'");
		    ffpmsg (errMsg);
		    len = 0;
		  } else {
		    while (yytext[len] == ' ')
		      len--;
		    len = len - 1;
		    strncpy(tmpstring,&yytext[1],len);
		  }
                  tmpstring[len] = '\0';
                  bitstring[0] = '\0';
		  len = 0;
                  while ( tmpstring[len] != '\0')
                       {
			switch ( tmpstring[len] )
			      {
			       case '0':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_0);
					break;
			       case '1':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_1);
					break;
			       case '2':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_2);
					break;
			       case '3':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_3);
					break;
			       case '4':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_4);
					break;
			       case '5':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_5);
					break;
			       case '6':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_6);
					break;
			       case '7':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_7);
					break;
			       case 'x':
			       case 'X':
					strcat(bitstring,OCT_X);
					break;
			      }
			len++;
                       }
                  strcpy( yylval->str, bitstring );
		  return( BITSTR );
		}
	YY_BREAK
case 4:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 231 "eval.l"
{
                  int len;
                  char tmpstring[256];
                  char bitstring[256];
                  len = strlen(yytext);
		  if (len >= 256) {
		    char errMsg[100];
		    yylParse->status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
		    strcpy (errMsg,"Hex string exceeds maximum length: '");
		    strncat(errMsg, &(yytext[0]), 20);
		    strcat (errMsg,"...'");
		    ffpmsg (errMsg);
		    len = 0;
		  } else {
		    while (yytext[len] == ' ')
		      len--;
		    len = len - 1;
		    strncpy(tmpstring,&yytext[1],len);
		  }
                  tmpstring[len] = '\0';
                  bitstring[0] = '\0';
		  len = 0;
                  while ( tmpstring[len] != '\0')
                       {
			switch ( tmpstring[len] )
			      {
			       case '0':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_0);
					break;
			       case '1':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_1);
					break;
			       case '2':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_2);
					break;
			       case '3':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_3);
					break;
			       case '4':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_4);
					break;
			       case '5':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_5);
					break;
			       case '6':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_6);
					break;
			       case '7':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_7);
					break;
			       case '8':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_8);
					break;
			       case '9':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_9);
					break;
			       case 'a':
			       case 'A':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_A);
					break;
			       case 'b':
			       case 'B':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_B);
					break;
			       case 'c':
			       case 'C':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_C);
					break;
			       case 'd':
			       case 'D':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_D);
					break;
			       case 'e':
			       case 'E':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_E);
					break;
			       case 'f':
			       case 'F':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_F);
					break;
			       case 'x':
			       case 'X':
					strcat(bitstring,HEX_X);
					break;
			      }
			len++;
                       }

                  strcpy( yylval->str, bitstring );
		  return( BITSTR );
		}
	YY_BREAK
case 5:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 322 "eval.l"
{
		  long int constval = 0;
		  char *p;
		  for (p = &(yytext[2]); *p; p++) {
		    constval = (constval << 1) | (*p == '1');
		  }
		  yylval->lng = constval;
		  return( LONG );
		}
	YY_BREAK
case 6:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 331 "eval.l"
{
		  long int constval = 0;
		  char *p;
		  for (p = &(yytext[2]); *p; p++) {
		    constval = (constval << 3) | (*p - '0');
		  }
		  yylval->lng = constval;
		  return( LONG );
		}
	YY_BREAK
case 7:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 340 "eval.l"
{
		  long int constval = 0;
		  char *p;
		  for (p = &(yytext[2]); *p; p++) {
                    int v = (isdigit(*p) ? (*p - '0') : (*p - 'a' + 10));
                    constval = (constval << 4) | v;
		  }
		  yylval->lng = constval;
		  return( LONG );
		}
	YY_BREAK
case 8:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 352 "eval.l"
{
                  yylval->lng = atol(yytext);
		  return( LONG );
		}
	YY_BREAK
case 9:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 356 "eval.l"
{
                  if ((yytext[0] == 't') || (yytext[0] == 'T'))
		    yylval->log = 1;
		  else
		    yylval->log = 0;
		  return( BOOLEAN );
		}
	YY_BREAK
case 10:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 363 "eval.l"
{
                  yylval->dbl = atof(yytext);
		  return( DOUBLE );
		}
	YY_BREAK
case 11:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 367 "eval.l"
{
                  if(        !fits_strcasecmp(yytext,"#PI") ) {
		     yylval->dbl = (double)(4) * atan((double)(1));
		     return( DOUBLE );
		  } else if( !fits_strcasecmp(yytext,"#E") ) {
		     yylval->dbl = exp((double)(1));
		     return( DOUBLE );
		  } else if( !fits_strcasecmp(yytext,"#DEG") ) {
		     yylval->dbl = ((double)4)*atan((double)1)/((double)180);
		     return( DOUBLE );
		  } else if( !fits_strcasecmp(yytext,"#ROW") ) {
		     return( ROWREF );
		  } else if( !fits_strcasecmp(yytext,"#NULL") ) {
		     return( NULLREF );
		  } else if( !fits_strcasecmp(yytext,"#SNULL") ) {
		     return( SNULLREF );
		  } else {
                     int len; 
		     int result;
                     if (yytext[1] == '$') {
                        len = strlen(yytext) - 3;
                        yylval->str[0]     = '#';
                        strncpy(yylval->str+1,&yytext[2],len);
                        yylval->str[len+1] = '\0';
                        yytext = yylval->str;
		     }
                     result = (*yylParse->getData)(yylParse, yytext, (yylval));
		     return result;
                  }
                }
	YY_BREAK
case 12:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 397 "eval.l"
{
                  int len;
                  len = strlen(yytext) - 2;
		  if (len >= MAX_STRLEN) {
		    char errMsg[100];
		    yylParse->status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
		    strcpy (errMsg,"String exceeds maximum length: '");
		    strncat(errMsg, &(yytext[1]), 20);
		    strcat (errMsg,"...'");
		    ffpmsg (errMsg);
		    len = 0;
		  } else {
		    strncpy(yylval->str,&yytext[1],len);
		  }
		  yylval->str[len] = '\0';
		  return( STRING );
		}
	YY_BREAK
case 13:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 414 "eval.l"
{
		 int    len,type;

                 if (yytext[0] == '$') {
		    len = strlen(yytext) - 2;
		    strncpy(yylval->str,&yytext[1],len);
		    yylval->str[len] = '\0';
		    yytext = yylval->str;
		 } 
		 type = fits_parser_yyGetVariable(yylParse, yytext, (yylval));
		 return( type );
		}
	YY_BREAK
case 14:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 426 "eval.l"
{
                  char *fname;
		  int len=0;
                  fname = &(yylval->str[0]);
		  while( (fname[len]=toupper(yytext[len])) ) len++;

                  if(      FSTRCMP(fname,"BOX(")==0 
                        || FSTRCMP(fname,"CIRCLE(")==0 
                        || FSTRCMP(fname,"ELLIPSE(")==0 
                        || FSTRCMP(fname,"NEAR(")==0 
                        || FSTRCMP(fname,"ISNULL(")==0 
                         )
                     /* Return type is always boolean  */
		     return( BFUNCTION );

                  else if( FSTRCMP(fname,"GTIFILTER(")==0 )
                     return( GTIFILTER );

                  else if( FSTRCMP(fname,"GTIOVERLAP(")==0 )
                     return( GTIOVERLAP );

                  else if( FSTRCMP(fname,"GTIFIND(")==0 )
                     return( GTIFIND );

                  else if( FSTRCMP(fname,"REGFILTER(")==0 )
                     return( REGFILTER );

                  else if( FSTRCMP(fname,"STRSTR(")==0 )
                     return( IFUNCTION );  /* Returns integer */

                  else 
		     return( FUNCTION  );
		}
	YY_BREAK
case 15:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 459 "eval.l"
{ return( INTCAST ); }
	YY_BREAK
case 16:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 460 "eval.l"
{ return( FLTCAST ); }
	YY_BREAK
case 17:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 461 "eval.l"
{ return( POWER   ); }
	YY_BREAK
case 18:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 462 "eval.l"
{ return( NOT     ); }
	YY_BREAK
case 19:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 463 "eval.l"
{ return( OR      ); }
	YY_BREAK
case 20:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 464 "eval.l"
{ return( AND     ); }
	YY_BREAK
case 21:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 465 "eval.l"
{ return( EQ      ); }
	YY_BREAK
case 22:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 466 "eval.l"
{ return( NE      ); }
	YY_BREAK
case 23:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 467 "eval.l"
{ return( GT      ); }
	YY_BREAK
case 24:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 468 "eval.l"
{ return( LT      ); }
	YY_BREAK
case 25:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 469 "eval.l"
{ return( GTE     ); }
	YY_BREAK
case 26:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 470 "eval.l"
{ return( LTE     ); }
	YY_BREAK
case 27:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 471 "eval.l"
{ return( XOR     ); }
	YY_BREAK
case 28:
/* rule 28 can match eol */
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 472 "eval.l"
{ return( '\n'    ); }
	YY_BREAK
case 29:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 473 "eval.l"
{ return( yytext[0] ); }
	YY_BREAK
case 30:
YY_RULE_SETUP
#line 474 "eval.l"
ECHO;
	YY_BREAK
#line 1694 "eval_l.c"
case YY_STATE_EOF(INITIAL):
	yyterminate();

	case YY_END_OF_BUFFER:
		{
		/* Amount of text matched not including the EOB char. */
		int yy_amount_of_matched_text = (int) (yy_cp - yyg->yytext_ptr) - 1;

		/* Undo the effects of YY_DO_BEFORE_ACTION. */
		*yy_cp = yyg->yy_hold_char;
		YY_RESTORE_YY_MORE_OFFSET

		if ( YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_buffer_status == YY_BUFFER_NEW )
			{
			/* We're scanning a new file or input source.  It's
			 * possible that this happened because the user
			 * just pointed yyin at a new source and called
			 * yylex().  If so, then we have to assure
			 * consistency between YY_CURRENT_BUFFER and our
			 * globals.  Here is the right place to do so, because
			 * this is the first action (other than possibly a
			 * back-up) that will match for the new input source.
			 */
			yyg->yy_n_chars = YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_n_chars;
			YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_input_file = yyin;
			YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_buffer_status = YY_BUFFER_NORMAL;
			}

		/* Note that here we test for yy_c_buf_p "<=" to the position
		 * of the first EOB in the buffer, since yy_c_buf_p will
		 * already have been incremented past the NUL character
		 * (since all states make transitions on EOB to the
		 * end-of-buffer state).  Contrast this with the test
		 * in input().
		 */
		if ( yyg->yy_c_buf_p <= &YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf[yyg->yy_n_chars] )
			{ /* This was really a NUL. */
			yy_state_type yy_next_state;

			yyg->yy_c_buf_p = yyg->yytext_ptr + yy_amount_of_matched_text;

			yy_current_state = yy_get_previous_state( yyscanner );

			/* Okay, we're now positioned to make the NUL
			 * transition.  We couldn't have
			 * yy_get_previous_state() go ahead and do it
			 * for us because it doesn't know how to deal
			 * with the possibility of jamming (and we don't
			 * want to build jamming into it because then it
			 * will run more slowly).
			 */

			yy_next_state = yy_try_NUL_trans( yy_current_state , yyscanner);

			yy_bp = yyg->yytext_ptr + YY_MORE_ADJ;

			if ( yy_next_state )
				{
				/* Consume the NUL. */
				yy_cp = ++yyg->yy_c_buf_p;
				yy_current_state = yy_next_state;
				goto yy_match;
				}

			else
				{
				yy_cp = yyg->yy_c_buf_p;
				goto yy_find_action;
				}
			}

		else switch ( yy_get_next_buffer( yyscanner ) )
			{
			case EOB_ACT_END_OF_FILE:
				{
				yyg->yy_did_buffer_switch_on_eof = 0;

				if ( yywrap( yyscanner ) )
					{
					/* Note: because we've taken care in
					 * yy_get_next_buffer() to have set up
					 * yytext, we can now set up
					 * yy_c_buf_p so that if some total
					 * hoser (like flex itself) wants to
					 * call the scanner after we return the
					 * YY_NULL, it'll still work - another
					 * YY_NULL will get returned.
					 */
					yyg->yy_c_buf_p = yyg->yytext_ptr + YY_MORE_ADJ;

					yy_act = YY_STATE_EOF(YY_START);
					goto do_action;
					}

				else
					{
					if ( ! yyg->yy_did_buffer_switch_on_eof )
						YY_NEW_FILE;
					}
				break;
				}

			case EOB_ACT_CONTINUE_SCAN:
				yyg->yy_c_buf_p =
					yyg->yytext_ptr + yy_amount_of_matched_text;

				yy_current_state = yy_get_previous_state( yyscanner );

				yy_cp = yyg->yy_c_buf_p;
				yy_bp = yyg->yytext_ptr + YY_MORE_ADJ;
				goto yy_match;

			case EOB_ACT_LAST_MATCH:
				yyg->yy_c_buf_p =
				&YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf[yyg->yy_n_chars];

				yy_current_state = yy_get_previous_state( yyscanner );

				yy_cp = yyg->yy_c_buf_p;
				yy_bp = yyg->yytext_ptr + YY_MORE_ADJ;
				goto yy_find_action;
			}
		break;
		}

	default:
		YY_FATAL_ERROR(
			"fatal flex scanner internal error--no action found" );
	} /* end of action switch */
		} /* end of scanning one token */
	} /* end of user's declarations */
} /* end of yylex */

/* yy_get_next_buffer - try to read in a new buffer
 *
 * Returns a code representing an action:
 *	EOB_ACT_LAST_MATCH -
 *	EOB_ACT_CONTINUE_SCAN - continue scanning from current position
 *	EOB_ACT_END_OF_FILE - end of file
 */
static int yy_get_next_buffer (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
	char *dest = YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf;
	char *source = yyg->yytext_ptr;
	int number_to_move, i;
	int ret_val;

	if ( yyg->yy_c_buf_p > &YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf[yyg->yy_n_chars + 1] )
		YY_FATAL_ERROR(
		"fatal flex scanner internal error--end of buffer missed" );

	if ( YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_fill_buffer == 0 )
		{ /* Don't try to fill the buffer, so this is an EOF. */
		if ( yyg->yy_c_buf_p - yyg->yytext_ptr - YY_MORE_ADJ == 1 )
			{
			/* We matched a single character, the EOB, so
			 * treat this as a final EOF.
			 */
			return EOB_ACT_END_OF_FILE;
			}

		else
			{
			/* We matched some text prior to the EOB, first
			 * process it.
			 */
			return EOB_ACT_LAST_MATCH;
			}
		}

	/* Try to read more data. */

	/* First move last chars to start of buffer. */
	number_to_move = (int) (yyg->yy_c_buf_p - yyg->yytext_ptr - 1);

	for ( i = 0; i < number_to_move; ++i )
		*(dest++) = *(source++);

	if ( YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_buffer_status == YY_BUFFER_EOF_PENDING )
		/* don't do the read, it's not guaranteed to return an EOF,
		 * just force an EOF
		 */
		YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_n_chars = yyg->yy_n_chars = 0;

	else
		{
			int num_to_read =
			YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_buf_size - number_to_move - 1;

		while ( num_to_read <= 0 )
			{ /* Not enough room in the buffer - grow it. */

			/* just a shorter name for the current buffer */
			YY_BUFFER_STATE b = YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE;

			int yy_c_buf_p_offset =
				(int) (yyg->yy_c_buf_p - b->yy_ch_buf);

			if ( b->yy_is_our_buffer )
				{
				int new_size = b->yy_buf_size * 2;

				if ( new_size <= 0 )
					b->yy_buf_size += b->yy_buf_size / 8;
				else
					b->yy_buf_size *= 2;

				b->yy_ch_buf = (char *)
					/* Include room in for 2 EOB chars. */
					yyrealloc( (void *) b->yy_ch_buf,
							 (yy_size_t) (b->yy_buf_size + 2) , yyscanner );
				}
			else
				/* Can't grow it, we don't own it. */
				b->yy_ch_buf = NULL;

			if ( ! b->yy_ch_buf )
				YY_FATAL_ERROR(
				"fatal error - scanner input buffer overflow" );

			yyg->yy_c_buf_p = &b->yy_ch_buf[yy_c_buf_p_offset];

			num_to_read = YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_buf_size -
						number_to_move - 1;

			}

		if ( num_to_read > YY_READ_BUF_SIZE )
			num_to_read = YY_READ_BUF_SIZE;

		/* Read in more data. */
		YY_INPUT( (&YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf[number_to_move]),
			yyg->yy_n_chars, num_to_read );

		YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_n_chars = yyg->yy_n_chars;
		}

	if ( yyg->yy_n_chars == 0 )
		{
		if ( number_to_move == YY_MORE_ADJ )
			{
			ret_val = EOB_ACT_END_OF_FILE;
			yyrestart( yyin  , yyscanner);
			}

		else
			{
			ret_val = EOB_ACT_LAST_MATCH;
			YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_buffer_status =
				YY_BUFFER_EOF_PENDING;
			}
		}

	else
		ret_val = EOB_ACT_CONTINUE_SCAN;

	if ((yyg->yy_n_chars + number_to_move) > YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_buf_size) {
		/* Extend the array by 50%, plus the number we really need. */
		int new_size = yyg->yy_n_chars + number_to_move + (yyg->yy_n_chars >> 1);
		YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf = (char *) yyrealloc(
			(void *) YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf, (yy_size_t) new_size , yyscanner );
		if ( ! YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf )
			YY_FATAL_ERROR( "out of dynamic memory in yy_get_next_buffer()" );
		/* "- 2" to take care of EOB's */
		YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_buf_size = (int) (new_size - 2);
	}

	yyg->yy_n_chars += number_to_move;
	YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf[yyg->yy_n_chars] = YY_END_OF_BUFFER_CHAR;
	YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf[yyg->yy_n_chars + 1] = YY_END_OF_BUFFER_CHAR;

	yyg->yytext_ptr = &YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf[0];

	return ret_val;
}

/* yy_get_previous_state - get the state just before the EOB char was reached */

    static yy_state_type yy_get_previous_state (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
	yy_state_type yy_current_state;
	char *yy_cp;
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;

	yy_current_state = yyg->yy_start;

	for ( yy_cp = yyg->yytext_ptr + YY_MORE_ADJ; yy_cp < yyg->yy_c_buf_p; ++yy_cp )
		{
		YY_CHAR yy_c = (*yy_cp ? yy_ec[YY_SC_TO_UI(*yy_cp)] : 1);
		if ( yy_accept[yy_current_state] )
			{
			yyg->yy_last_accepting_state = yy_current_state;
			yyg->yy_last_accepting_cpos = yy_cp;
			}
		while ( yy_chk[yy_base[yy_current_state] + yy_c] != yy_current_state )
			{
			yy_current_state = (int) yy_def[yy_current_state];
			if ( yy_current_state >= 174 )
				yy_c = yy_meta[yy_c];
			}
		yy_current_state = yy_nxt[yy_base[yy_current_state] + yy_c];
		}

	return yy_current_state;
}

/* yy_try_NUL_trans - try to make a transition on the NUL character
 *
 * synopsis
 *	next_state = yy_try_NUL_trans( current_state );
 */
    static yy_state_type yy_try_NUL_trans  (yy_state_type yy_current_state , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
	int yy_is_jam;
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner; /* This var may be unused depending upon options. */
	char *yy_cp = yyg->yy_c_buf_p;

	YY_CHAR yy_c = 1;
	if ( yy_accept[yy_current_state] )
		{
		yyg->yy_last_accepting_state = yy_current_state;
		yyg->yy_last_accepting_cpos = yy_cp;
		}
	while ( yy_chk[yy_base[yy_current_state] + yy_c] != yy_current_state )
		{
		yy_current_state = (int) yy_def[yy_current_state];
		if ( yy_current_state >= 174 )
			yy_c = yy_meta[yy_c];
		}
	yy_current_state = yy_nxt[yy_base[yy_current_state] + yy_c];
	yy_is_jam = (yy_current_state == 173);

	(void)yyg;
	return yy_is_jam ? 0 : yy_current_state;
}

#ifndef YY_NO_UNPUT

    static void yyunput (int c, char * yy_bp , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
	char *yy_cp;
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;

    yy_cp = yyg->yy_c_buf_p;

	/* undo effects of setting up yytext */
	*yy_cp = yyg->yy_hold_char;

	if ( yy_cp < YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf + 2 )
		{ /* need to shift things up to make room */
		/* +2 for EOB chars. */
		int number_to_move = yyg->yy_n_chars + 2;
		char *dest = &YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf[
					YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_buf_size + 2];
		char *source =
				&YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf[number_to_move];

		while ( source > YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf )
			*--dest = *--source;

		yy_cp += (int) (dest - source);
		yy_bp += (int) (dest - source);
		YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_n_chars =
			yyg->yy_n_chars = (int) YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_buf_size;

		if ( yy_cp < YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf + 2 )
			YY_FATAL_ERROR( "flex scanner push-back overflow" );
		}

	*--yy_cp = (char) c;

	yyg->yytext_ptr = yy_bp;
	yyg->yy_hold_char = *yy_cp;
	yyg->yy_c_buf_p = yy_cp;
}

#endif

#ifndef YY_NO_INPUT
#ifdef __cplusplus
    static int yyinput (yyscan_t yyscanner)
#else
    static int input  (yyscan_t yyscanner)
#endif

{
	int c;
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;

	*yyg->yy_c_buf_p = yyg->yy_hold_char;

	if ( *yyg->yy_c_buf_p == YY_END_OF_BUFFER_CHAR )
		{
		/* yy_c_buf_p now points to the character we want to return.
		 * If this occurs *before* the EOB characters, then it's a
		 * valid NUL; if not, then we've hit the end of the buffer.
		 */
		if ( yyg->yy_c_buf_p < &YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_ch_buf[yyg->yy_n_chars] )
			/* This was really a NUL. */
			*yyg->yy_c_buf_p = '\0';

		else
			{ /* need more input */
			int offset = (int) (yyg->yy_c_buf_p - yyg->yytext_ptr);
			++yyg->yy_c_buf_p;

			switch ( yy_get_next_buffer( yyscanner ) )
				{
				case EOB_ACT_LAST_MATCH:
					/* This happens because yy_g_n_b()
					 * sees that we've accumulated a
					 * token and flags that we need to
					 * try matching the token before
					 * proceeding.  But for input(),
					 * there's no matching to consider.
					 * So convert the EOB_ACT_LAST_MATCH
					 * to EOB_ACT_END_OF_FILE.
					 */

					/* Reset buffer status. */
					yyrestart( yyin , yyscanner);

					/*FALLTHROUGH*/

				case EOB_ACT_END_OF_FILE:
					{
					if ( yywrap( yyscanner ) )
						return 0;

					if ( ! yyg->yy_did_buffer_switch_on_eof )
						YY_NEW_FILE;
#ifdef __cplusplus
					return yyinput(yyscanner);
#else
					return input(yyscanner);
#endif
					}

				case EOB_ACT_CONTINUE_SCAN:
					yyg->yy_c_buf_p = yyg->yytext_ptr + offset;
					break;
				}
			}
		}

	c = *(unsigned char *) yyg->yy_c_buf_p;	/* cast for 8-bit char's */
	*yyg->yy_c_buf_p = '\0';	/* preserve yytext */
	yyg->yy_hold_char = *++yyg->yy_c_buf_p;

	return c;
}
#endif	/* ifndef YY_NO_INPUT */

/** Immediately switch to a different input stream.
 * @param input_file A readable stream.
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 * @note This function does not reset the start condition to @c INITIAL .
 */
    void yyrestart  (FILE * input_file , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;

	if ( ! YY_CURRENT_BUFFER ){
        yyensure_buffer_stack (yyscanner);
		YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE =
            yy_create_buffer( yyin, YY_BUF_SIZE , yyscanner);
	}

	yy_init_buffer( YY_CURRENT_BUFFER, input_file , yyscanner);
	yy_load_buffer_state( yyscanner );
}

/** Switch to a different input buffer.
 * @param new_buffer The new input buffer.
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 */
    void yy_switch_to_buffer  (YY_BUFFER_STATE  new_buffer , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;

	/* TODO. We should be able to replace this entire function body
	 * with
	 *		yypop_buffer_state();
	 *		yypush_buffer_state(new_buffer);
     */
	yyensure_buffer_stack (yyscanner);
	if ( YY_CURRENT_BUFFER == new_buffer )
		return;

	if ( YY_CURRENT_BUFFER )
		{
		/* Flush out information for old buffer. */
		*yyg->yy_c_buf_p = yyg->yy_hold_char;
		YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_buf_pos = yyg->yy_c_buf_p;
		YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_n_chars = yyg->yy_n_chars;
		}

	YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE = new_buffer;
	yy_load_buffer_state( yyscanner );

	/* We don't actually know whether we did this switch during
	 * EOF (yywrap()) processing, but the only time this flag
	 * is looked at is after yywrap() is called, so it's safe
	 * to go ahead and always set it.
	 */
	yyg->yy_did_buffer_switch_on_eof = 1;
}

static void yy_load_buffer_state  (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
	yyg->yy_n_chars = YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_n_chars;
	yyg->yytext_ptr = yyg->yy_c_buf_p = YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_buf_pos;
	yyin = YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_input_file;
	yyg->yy_hold_char = *yyg->yy_c_buf_p;
}

/** Allocate and initialize an input buffer state.
 * @param file A readable stream.
 * @param size The character buffer size in bytes. When in doubt, use @c YY_BUF_SIZE.
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 * @return the allocated buffer state.
 */
    YY_BUFFER_STATE yy_create_buffer  (FILE * file, int  size , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
	YY_BUFFER_STATE b;
    
	b = (YY_BUFFER_STATE) yyalloc( sizeof( struct yy_buffer_state ) , yyscanner );
	if ( ! b )
		YY_FATAL_ERROR( "out of dynamic memory in yy_create_buffer()" );

	b->yy_buf_size = size;

	/* yy_ch_buf has to be 2 characters longer than the size given because
	 * we need to put in 2 end-of-buffer characters.
	 */
	b->yy_ch_buf = (char *) yyalloc( (yy_size_t) (b->yy_buf_size + 2) , yyscanner );
	if ( ! b->yy_ch_buf )
		YY_FATAL_ERROR( "out of dynamic memory in yy_create_buffer()" );

	b->yy_is_our_buffer = 1;

	yy_init_buffer( b, file , yyscanner);

	return b;
}

/** Destroy the buffer.
 * @param b a buffer created with yy_create_buffer()
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 */
    void yy_delete_buffer (YY_BUFFER_STATE  b , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;

	if ( ! b )
		return;

	if ( b == YY_CURRENT_BUFFER ) /* Not sure if we should pop here. */
		YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE = (YY_BUFFER_STATE) 0;

	if ( b->yy_is_our_buffer )
		yyfree( (void *) b->yy_ch_buf , yyscanner );

	yyfree( (void *) b , yyscanner );
}

/* Initializes or reinitializes a buffer.
 * This function is sometimes called more than once on the same buffer,
 * such as during a yyrestart() or at EOF.
 */
    static void yy_init_buffer  (YY_BUFFER_STATE  b, FILE * file , yyscan_t yyscanner)

{
	int oerrno = errno;
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;

	yy_flush_buffer( b , yyscanner);

	b->yy_input_file = file;
	b->yy_fill_buffer = 1;

    /* If b is the current buffer, then yy_init_buffer was _probably_
     * called from yyrestart() or through yy_get_next_buffer.
     * In that case, we don't want to reset the lineno or column.
     */
    if (b != YY_CURRENT_BUFFER){
        b->yy_bs_lineno = 1;
        b->yy_bs_column = 0;
    }

        b->yy_is_interactive = file ? (isatty( fileno(file) ) > 0) : 0;
    
	errno = oerrno;
}

/** Discard all buffered characters. On the next scan, YY_INPUT will be called.
 * @param b the buffer state to be flushed, usually @c YY_CURRENT_BUFFER.
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 */
    void yy_flush_buffer (YY_BUFFER_STATE  b , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
	if ( ! b )
		return;

	b->yy_n_chars = 0;

	/* We always need two end-of-buffer characters.  The first causes
	 * a transition to the end-of-buffer state.  The second causes
	 * a jam in that state.
	 */
	b->yy_ch_buf[0] = YY_END_OF_BUFFER_CHAR;
	b->yy_ch_buf[1] = YY_END_OF_BUFFER_CHAR;

	b->yy_buf_pos = &b->yy_ch_buf[0];

	b->yy_at_bol = 1;
	b->yy_buffer_status = YY_BUFFER_NEW;

	if ( b == YY_CURRENT_BUFFER )
		yy_load_buffer_state( yyscanner );
}

/** Pushes the new state onto the stack. The new state becomes
 *  the current state. This function will allocate the stack
 *  if necessary.
 *  @param new_buffer The new state.
 *  @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 */
void yypush_buffer_state (YY_BUFFER_STATE new_buffer , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
	if (new_buffer == NULL)
		return;

	yyensure_buffer_stack(yyscanner);

	/* This block is copied from yy_switch_to_buffer. */
	if ( YY_CURRENT_BUFFER )
		{
		/* Flush out information for old buffer. */
		*yyg->yy_c_buf_p = yyg->yy_hold_char;
		YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_buf_pos = yyg->yy_c_buf_p;
		YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE->yy_n_chars = yyg->yy_n_chars;
		}

	/* Only push if top exists. Otherwise, replace top. */
	if (YY_CURRENT_BUFFER)
		yyg->yy_buffer_stack_top++;
	YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE = new_buffer;

	/* copied from yy_switch_to_buffer. */
	yy_load_buffer_state( yyscanner );
	yyg->yy_did_buffer_switch_on_eof = 1;
}

/** Removes and deletes the top of the stack, if present.
 *  The next element becomes the new top.
 *  @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 */
void yypop_buffer_state (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
	if (!YY_CURRENT_BUFFER)
		return;

	yy_delete_buffer(YY_CURRENT_BUFFER , yyscanner);
	YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE = NULL;
	if (yyg->yy_buffer_stack_top > 0)
		--yyg->yy_buffer_stack_top;

	if (YY_CURRENT_BUFFER) {
		yy_load_buffer_state( yyscanner );
		yyg->yy_did_buffer_switch_on_eof = 1;
	}
}

/* Allocates the stack if it does not exist.
 *  Guarantees space for at least one push.
 */
static void yyensure_buffer_stack (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
	yy_size_t num_to_alloc;
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;

	if (!yyg->yy_buffer_stack) {

		/* First allocation is just for 2 elements, since we don't know if this
		 * scanner will even need a stack. We use 2 instead of 1 to avoid an
		 * immediate realloc on the next call.
         */
      num_to_alloc = 1; /* After all that talk, this was set to 1 anyways... */
		yyg->yy_buffer_stack = (struct yy_buffer_state**)yyalloc
								(num_to_alloc * sizeof(struct yy_buffer_state*)
								, yyscanner);
		if ( ! yyg->yy_buffer_stack )
			YY_FATAL_ERROR( "out of dynamic memory in yyensure_buffer_stack()" );

		memset(yyg->yy_buffer_stack, 0, num_to_alloc * sizeof(struct yy_buffer_state*));

		yyg->yy_buffer_stack_max = num_to_alloc;
		yyg->yy_buffer_stack_top = 0;
		return;
	}

	if (yyg->yy_buffer_stack_top >= (yyg->yy_buffer_stack_max) - 1){

		/* Increase the buffer to prepare for a possible push. */
		yy_size_t grow_size = 8 /* arbitrary grow size */;

		num_to_alloc = yyg->yy_buffer_stack_max + grow_size;
		yyg->yy_buffer_stack = (struct yy_buffer_state**)yyrealloc
								(yyg->yy_buffer_stack,
								num_to_alloc * sizeof(struct yy_buffer_state*)
								, yyscanner);
		if ( ! yyg->yy_buffer_stack )
			YY_FATAL_ERROR( "out of dynamic memory in yyensure_buffer_stack()" );

		/* zero only the new slots.*/
		memset(yyg->yy_buffer_stack + yyg->yy_buffer_stack_max, 0, grow_size * sizeof(struct yy_buffer_state*));
		yyg->yy_buffer_stack_max = num_to_alloc;
	}
}

/** Setup the input buffer state to scan directly from a user-specified character buffer.
 * @param base the character buffer
 * @param size the size in bytes of the character buffer
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 * @return the newly allocated buffer state object.
 */
YY_BUFFER_STATE yy_scan_buffer  (char * base, yy_size_t  size , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
	YY_BUFFER_STATE b;
    
	if ( size < 2 ||
	     base[size-2] != YY_END_OF_BUFFER_CHAR ||
	     base[size-1] != YY_END_OF_BUFFER_CHAR )
		/* They forgot to leave room for the EOB's. */
		return NULL;

	b = (YY_BUFFER_STATE) yyalloc( sizeof( struct yy_buffer_state ) , yyscanner );
	if ( ! b )
		YY_FATAL_ERROR( "out of dynamic memory in yy_scan_buffer()" );

	b->yy_buf_size = (int) (size - 2);	/* "- 2" to take care of EOB's */
	b->yy_buf_pos = b->yy_ch_buf = base;
	b->yy_is_our_buffer = 0;
	b->yy_input_file = NULL;
	b->yy_n_chars = b->yy_buf_size;
	b->yy_is_interactive = 0;
	b->yy_at_bol = 1;
	b->yy_fill_buffer = 0;
	b->yy_buffer_status = YY_BUFFER_NEW;

	yy_switch_to_buffer( b , yyscanner );

	return b;
}

/** Setup the input buffer state to scan a string. The next call to yylex() will
 * scan from a @e copy of @a str.
 * @param yystr a NUL-terminated string to scan
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 * @return the newly allocated buffer state object.
 * @note If you want to scan bytes that may contain NUL values, then use
 *       yy_scan_bytes() instead.
 */
YY_BUFFER_STATE yy_scan_string (const char * yystr , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    
	return yy_scan_bytes( yystr, (int) strlen(yystr) , yyscanner);
}

/** Setup the input buffer state to scan the given bytes. The next call to yylex() will
 * scan from a @e copy of @a bytes.
 * @param yybytes the byte buffer to scan
 * @param _yybytes_len the number of bytes in the buffer pointed to by @a bytes.
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 * @return the newly allocated buffer state object.
 */
YY_BUFFER_STATE yy_scan_bytes  (const char * yybytes, int  _yybytes_len , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
	YY_BUFFER_STATE b;
	char *buf;
	yy_size_t n;
	int i;
    
	/* Get memory for full buffer, including space for trailing EOB's. */
	n = (yy_size_t) (_yybytes_len + 2);
	buf = (char *) yyalloc( n , yyscanner );
	if ( ! buf )
		YY_FATAL_ERROR( "out of dynamic memory in yy_scan_bytes()" );

	for ( i = 0; i < _yybytes_len; ++i )
		buf[i] = yybytes[i];

	buf[_yybytes_len] = buf[_yybytes_len+1] = YY_END_OF_BUFFER_CHAR;

	b = yy_scan_buffer( buf, n , yyscanner);
	if ( ! b )
		YY_FATAL_ERROR( "bad buffer in yy_scan_bytes()" );

	/* It's okay to grow etc. this buffer, and we should throw it
	 * away when we're done.
	 */
	b->yy_is_our_buffer = 1;

	return b;
}

#ifndef YY_EXIT_FAILURE
#define YY_EXIT_FAILURE 2
#endif

static void yynoreturn yy_fatal_error (const char* msg , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
	struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
	(void)yyg;
	fprintf( stderr, "%s\n", msg );
	exit( YY_EXIT_FAILURE );
}

/* Redefine yyless() so it works in section 3 code. */

#undef yyless
#define yyless(n) \
	do \
		{ \
		/* Undo effects of setting up yytext. */ \
        int yyless_macro_arg = (n); \
        YY_LESS_LINENO(yyless_macro_arg);\
		yytext[yyleng] = yyg->yy_hold_char; \
		yyg->yy_c_buf_p = yytext + yyless_macro_arg; \
		yyg->yy_hold_char = *yyg->yy_c_buf_p; \
		*yyg->yy_c_buf_p = '\0'; \
		yyleng = yyless_macro_arg; \
		} \
	while ( 0 )

/* Accessor  methods (get/set functions) to struct members. */

/** Get the user-defined data for this scanner.
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 */
YY_EXTRA_TYPE yyget_extra  (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
    return yyextra;
}

/** Get the current line number.
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 */
int yyget_lineno  (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;

        if (! YY_CURRENT_BUFFER)
            return 0;
    
    return yylineno;
}

/** Get the current column number.
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 */
int yyget_column  (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;

        if (! YY_CURRENT_BUFFER)
            return 0;
    
    return yycolumn;
}

/** Get the input stream.
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 */
FILE *yyget_in  (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
    return yyin;
}

/** Get the output stream.
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 */
FILE *yyget_out  (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
    return yyout;
}

/** Get the length of the current token.
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 */
int yyget_leng  (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
    return yyleng;
}

/** Get the current token.
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 */

char *yyget_text  (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
    return yytext;
}

/** Set the user-defined data. This data is never touched by the scanner.
 * @param user_defined The data to be associated with this scanner.
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 */
void yyset_extra (YY_EXTRA_TYPE  user_defined , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
    yyextra = user_defined ;
}

/** Set the current line number.
 * @param _line_number line number
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 */
void yyset_lineno (int  _line_number , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;

        /* lineno is only valid if an input buffer exists. */
        if (! YY_CURRENT_BUFFER )
           YY_FATAL_ERROR( "yyset_lineno called with no buffer" );
    
    yylineno = _line_number;
}

/** Set the current column.
 * @param _column_no column number
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 */
void yyset_column (int  _column_no , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;

        /* column is only valid if an input buffer exists. */
        if (! YY_CURRENT_BUFFER )
           YY_FATAL_ERROR( "yyset_column called with no buffer" );
    
    yycolumn = _column_no;
}

/** Set the input stream. This does not discard the current
 * input buffer.
 * @param _in_str A readable stream.
 * @param yyscanner The scanner object.
 * @see yy_switch_to_buffer
 */
void yyset_in (FILE *  _in_str , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
    yyin = _in_str ;
}

void yyset_out (FILE *  _out_str , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
    yyout = _out_str ;
}

int yyget_debug  (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
    return yy_flex_debug;
}

void yyset_debug (int  _bdebug , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
    yy_flex_debug = _bdebug ;
}

/* Accessor methods for yylval and yylloc */

YYSTYPE * yyget_lval  (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
    return yylval;
}

void yyset_lval (YYSTYPE *  yylval_param , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
    yylval = yylval_param;
}

/* User-visible API */

/* yylex_init is special because it creates the scanner itself, so it is
 * the ONLY reentrant function that doesn't take the scanner as the last argument.
 * That's why we explicitly handle the declaration, instead of using our macros.
 */
int yylex_init(yyscan_t* ptr_yy_globals)
{
    if (ptr_yy_globals == NULL){
        errno = EINVAL;
        return 1;
    }

    *ptr_yy_globals = (yyscan_t) yyalloc ( sizeof( struct yyguts_t ), NULL );

    if (*ptr_yy_globals == NULL){
        errno = ENOMEM;
        return 1;
    }

    /* By setting to 0xAA, we expose bugs in yy_init_globals. Leave at 0x00 for releases. */
    memset(*ptr_yy_globals,0x00,sizeof(struct yyguts_t));

    return yy_init_globals ( *ptr_yy_globals );
}

/* yylex_init_extra has the same functionality as yylex_init, but follows the
 * convention of taking the scanner as the last argument. Note however, that
 * this is a *pointer* to a scanner, as it will be allocated by this call (and
 * is the reason, too, why this function also must handle its own declaration).
 * The user defined value in the first argument will be available to yyalloc in
 * the yyextra field.
 */
int yylex_init_extra( YY_EXTRA_TYPE yy_user_defined, yyscan_t* ptr_yy_globals )
{
    struct yyguts_t dummy_yyguts;

    yyset_extra (yy_user_defined, &dummy_yyguts);

    if (ptr_yy_globals == NULL){
        errno = EINVAL;
        return 1;
    }

    *ptr_yy_globals = (yyscan_t) yyalloc ( sizeof( struct yyguts_t ), &dummy_yyguts );

    if (*ptr_yy_globals == NULL){
        errno = ENOMEM;
        return 1;
    }

    /* By setting to 0xAA, we expose bugs in
    yy_init_globals. Leave at 0x00 for releases. */
    memset(*ptr_yy_globals,0x00,sizeof(struct yyguts_t));

    yyset_extra (yy_user_defined, *ptr_yy_globals);

    return yy_init_globals ( *ptr_yy_globals );
}

static int yy_init_globals (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
    /* Initialization is the same as for the non-reentrant scanner.
     * This function is called from yylex_destroy(), so don't allocate here.
     */

    yyg->yy_buffer_stack = NULL;
    yyg->yy_buffer_stack_top = 0;
    yyg->yy_buffer_stack_max = 0;
    yyg->yy_c_buf_p = NULL;
    yyg->yy_init = 0;
    yyg->yy_start = 0;

    yyg->yy_start_stack_ptr = 0;
    yyg->yy_start_stack_depth = 0;
    yyg->yy_start_stack =  NULL;

/* Defined in main.c */
#ifdef YY_STDINIT
    yyin = stdin;
    yyout = stdout;
#else
    yyin = NULL;
    yyout = NULL;
#endif

    /* For future reference: Set errno on error, since we are called by
     * yylex_init()
     */
    return 0;
}

/* yylex_destroy is for both reentrant and non-reentrant scanners. */
int yylex_destroy  (yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
    struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;

    /* Pop the buffer stack, destroying each element. */
	while(YY_CURRENT_BUFFER){
		yy_delete_buffer( YY_CURRENT_BUFFER , yyscanner );
		YY_CURRENT_BUFFER_LVALUE = NULL;
		yypop_buffer_state(yyscanner);
	}

	/* Destroy the stack itself. */
	yyfree(yyg->yy_buffer_stack , yyscanner);
	yyg->yy_buffer_stack = NULL;

    /* Destroy the start condition stack. */
        yyfree( yyg->yy_start_stack , yyscanner );
        yyg->yy_start_stack = NULL;

    /* Reset the globals. This is important in a non-reentrant scanner so the next time
     * yylex() is called, initialization will occur. */
    yy_init_globals( yyscanner);

    /* Destroy the main struct (reentrant only). */
    yyfree ( yyscanner , yyscanner );
    yyscanner = NULL;
    return 0;
}

/*
 * Internal utility routines.
 */

#ifndef yytext_ptr
static void yy_flex_strncpy (char* s1, const char * s2, int n , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
	struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
	(void)yyg;

	int i;
	for ( i = 0; i < n; ++i )
		s1[i] = s2[i];
}
#endif

#ifdef YY_NEED_STRLEN
static int yy_flex_strlen (const char * s , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
	int n;
	for ( n = 0; s[n]; ++n )
		;

	return n;
}
#endif

void *yyalloc (yy_size_t  size , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
	struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
	(void)yyg;
	return malloc(size);
}

void *yyrealloc  (void * ptr, yy_size_t  size , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
	struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
	(void)yyg;

	/* The cast to (char *) in the following accommodates both
	 * implementations that use char* generic pointers, and those
	 * that use void* generic pointers.  It works with the latter
	 * because both ANSI C and C++ allow castless assignment from
	 * any pointer type to void*, and deal with argument conversions
	 * as though doing an assignment.
	 */
	return realloc(ptr, size);
}

void yyfree (void * ptr , yyscan_t yyscanner)
{
	struct yyguts_t * yyg = (struct yyguts_t*)yyscanner;
	(void)yyg;
	free( (char *) ptr );	/* see yyrealloc() for (char *) cast */
}

#define YYTABLES_NAME "yytables"

#line 474 "eval.l"


int yywrap(yyscan_t scanner)
{
  /* MJT -- 13 June 1996
     Supplied for compatibility with
     pre-2.5.1 versions of flex which
     do not recognize %option noyywrap 
  */
  return(1);
}

/* 
   expr_read is lifted from old ftools.skel. 
   Now we can use any version of flex with
   no .skel file necessary! MJT - 13 June 1996

   keep a memory of how many bytes have been
   read previously, so that an unlimited-sized
   buffer can be supported. PDW - 28 Feb 1998
*/

static int expr_read(ParseData *lParse, char *buf, int nbytes)
{
 int n;
 
 n = 0;
 if( !lParse->is_eobuf ) {
     do {
        buf[n++] = lParse->expr[lParse->index++];
       } while ((nexpr[lParse->index] != '\0'));
     if( lParse->expr[lParse->index] == '\0' ) lParse->is_eobuf = 1;
 }
 buf[n] = '\0';
 return(n);
}

int fits_parser_yyGetVariable( ParseData *lParse, char *varName, FITS_PARSER_YYSTYPE *thelval )
{
   int varNum, type;
   char errMsg[MAXVARNAME+25];

   varNum = find_variable( lParse, varName );
   if( varNum<0 ) {
      if( lParse->getData ) {
	 type = (*lParse->getData)( lParse, varName, thelval );
      } else {
	 type = pERROR;
	 lParse->status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
	 strcpy (errMsg,"Unable to find data: ");
	 strncat(errMsg, varName, MAXVARNAME);
	 ffpmsg (errMsg);
      }
   } else {
      /*  Convert variable type into expression type  */
      switch( lParse->varData[ varNum ].type ) {
      case LONG:
      case DOUBLE:   type =  COLUMN;  break;
      case BOOLEAN:  type = BCOLUMN;  break;
      case STRING:   type = SCOLUMN;  break;
      case BITSTR:   type =  BITCOL;  break;
      default:
	 type = pERROR;
	 lParse->status = PARSE_SYNTAX_ERR;
	 strcpy (errMsg,"Bad datatype for data: ");
	 strncat(errMsg, varName, MAXVARNAME);
	 ffpmsg (errMsg);
	 break;
      }
      thelval->lng = varNum;
   }
   return( type );
}

static int find_variable(ParseData *lParse, char *varName)
{
   int i;
 
   if( lParse->nCols )
      for( i=0; inCols; i++ ) {
         if( ! fits_strncasecmp(lParse->varData[i].name,varName,MAXVARNAME) ) {
            return( i );
         }
      }
   return( -1 );
}

cfitsio-4.3.1/f77_wrap2.c0000644000225700000360000010253714335036354014345 0ustar  cagordonlhea/************************************************************************

     f77_wrap1.c and f77_wrap2.c have now been split into 4 files to
     prevent compile-time memory errors (from expansion of compiler commands).
     f77_wrap1.c was split into f77_wrap1.c and f77_wrap3.c, and
     f77_wrap2.c was split into f77_wrap2.c and f77_wrap4.c:
       
       f77_wrap1.c contains routines operating on whole files and some 
       utility routines.
     
       f77_wrap2.c contains routines operating on primary array, image, 
       or column elements.

       f77_wrap3.c contains routines operating on headers & keywords.

       f77_wrap4.c contains miscellaneous routines.

     Peter's original comments:

     Together, f77_wrap1.c and f77_wrap2.c contain C wrappers for all
     the CFITSIO routines prototyped in fitsio.h, except for the
     generic datatype routines and features not supported in fortran
     (eg, unsigned integers), a few routines prototyped in fitsio2.h,
     which only a handful of FTOOLS use, plus a few obsolete FITSIO
     routines not present in CFITSIO.  This file allows Fortran code
     to use the CFITSIO library instead of the FITSIO library without
     modification.  It also gives access to new routines not present
     in FITSIO.  Fortran FTOOLS must continue using the old routine
     names from FITSIO (ie, ftxxxx), but most of the C-wrappers simply
     redirect those calls to the corresponding CFITSIO routines (ie,
     ffxxxx), with appropriate parameter massaging where necessary.
     The main exception are read/write routines ending in j (ie, long
     data) which get redirected to C routines ending in k (ie, int
     data). This is more consistent with the default integer type in
     Fortran. f77_wrap1.c primarily holds routines operating on whole
     files and extension headers.  f77_wrap2.c handle routines which
     read and write the data portion, plus miscellaneous extra routines.
     
        File created by Peter Wilson (HSTX), Oct-Dec. 1997
************************************************************************/

#include "fitsio2.h"
#include "f77_wrap.h"


FCALLSCSUB5(ffgextn,FTGEXTN,ftgextn,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONG,BYTEV,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB5(ffpextn,FTPEXTN,ftpextn,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONG,BYTEV,PINT)

/*------------ read primary array or image elements -------------*/
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpvb,FTGPVB,ftgpvb,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONG,LONG,BYTE,BYTEV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpvi,FTGPVI,ftgpvi,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONG,LONG,SHORT,SHORTV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpvk,FTGPVJ,ftgpvj,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONG,LONG,INT,INTV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpvjj,FTGPVK,ftgpvk,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONGLONG,LONGLONGV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpve,FTGPVE,ftgpve,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONG,LONG,FLOAT,FLOATV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpvd,FTGPVD,ftgpvd,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONG,LONG,DOUBLE,DOUBLEV,PLOGICAL,PINT)

FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpvb,FTGPVBLL,ftgpvbll,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONGLONG,LONGLONG,BYTE,BYTEV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpvi,FTGPVILL,ftgpvill,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONGLONG,LONGLONG,SHORT,SHORTV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpvk,FTGPVJLL,ftgpvjll,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONGLONG,LONGLONG,INT,INTV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpvjj,FTGPVKLL,ftgpvkll,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONGLONG,LONGLONG,LONGLONG,LONGLONGV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpve,FTGPVELL,ftgpvell,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONGLONG,LONGLONG,FLOAT,FLOATV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpvd,FTGPVDLL,ftgpvdll,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONGLONG,LONGLONG,DOUBLE,DOUBLEV,PLOGICAL,PINT)

#define ftgpfb_LOGV_A6 A4
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpfb,FTGPFB,ftgpfb,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONG,LONG,BYTEV,LOGICALV,PLOGICAL,PINT)

#define ftgpfi_LOGV_A6 A4
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpfi,FTGPFI,ftgpfi,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONG,LONG,SHORTV,LOGICALV,PLOGICAL,PINT)

#define ftgpfj_LOGV_A6 A4
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpfk,FTGPFJ,ftgpfj,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONG,LONG,INTV,LOGICALV,PLOGICAL,PINT)

#define ftgpfk_LOGV_A6 A4
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpfjj,FTGPFK,ftgpfk,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONGLONGV,LOGICALV,PLOGICAL,PINT)

#define ftgpfe_LOGV_A6 A4
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpfe,FTGPFE,ftgpfe,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONG,LONG,FLOATV,LOGICALV,PLOGICAL,PINT)

#define ftgpfd_LOGV_A6 A4
FCALLSCSUB8(ffgpfd,FTGPFD,ftgpfd,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONG,LONG,DOUBLEV,LOGICALV,PLOGICAL,PINT)

FCALLSCSUB9(ffg2db,FTG2DB,ftg2db,FITSUNIT,LONG,BYTE,LONG,LONG,LONG,BYTEV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB9(ffg2di,FTG2DI,ftg2di,FITSUNIT,LONG,SHORT,LONG,LONG,LONG,SHORTV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB9(ffg2dk,FTG2DJ,ftg2dj,FITSUNIT,LONG,INT,LONG,LONG,LONG,INTV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB9(ffg2djj,FTG2DK,ftg2dk,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONGLONG,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONGLONGV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB9(ffg2de,FTG2DE,ftg2de,FITSUNIT,LONG,FLOAT,LONG,LONG,LONG,FLOATV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB9(ffg2dd,FTG2DD,ftg2dd,FITSUNIT,LONG,DOUBLE,LONG,LONG,LONG,DOUBLEV,PLOGICAL,PINT)

FCALLSCSUB11(ffg3db,FTG3DB,ftg3db,FITSUNIT,LONG,BYTE,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONG,BYTEV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB11(ffg3di,FTG3DI,ftg3di,FITSUNIT,LONG,SHORT,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONG,SHORTV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB11(ffg3dk,FTG3DJ,ftg3dj,FITSUNIT,LONG,INT,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONG,INTV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB11(ffg3djj,FTG3DK,ftg3dk,FITSUNIT,LONG,LONGLONG,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONGLONGV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB11(ffg3de,FTG3DE,ftg3de,FITSUNIT,LONG,FLOAT,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONG,FLOATV,PLOGICAL,PINT)
FCALLSCSUB11(ffg3dd,FTG3DD,ftg3dd,FITSUNIT,LONG,DOUBLE,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONG,LONG,DOUBLEV,PLOGICAL,PINT)

     /*  The follow LONGV definitions have +1 appended because the   */
     /*  routines use of NAXIS+1 elements of the long vectors.       */

#define ftgsvb_LONGV_A4 A3+1
#define ftgsvb_LONGV_A5 A3+1
#define ftgsvb_LONGV_A6 A3+1
#define ftgsvb_LONGV_A7 A3+1
FCALLSCSUB11(ffgsvb,FTGSVB,ftgsvb,FITSUNIT,INT,INT,LONGV,LONGV,LONGV,LONGV,BYTE,BYTEV,PLOGICAL,PINT)

#define ftgsvi_LONGV_A4 A3+1
#define ftgsvi_LONGV_A5 A3+1
#define ftgsvi_LONGV_A6 A3+1
#define ftgsvi_LONGV_A7 A3+1
FCALLSCSUB11(ffgsvi,FTGSVI,ftgsvi,FITSUNIT,INT,INT,LONGV,LONGV,LONGV,LONGV,SHORT,SHORTV,PLOGICAL,PINT)

#define ftgsvj_LONGV_A4 A3+1
#define ftgsvj_LONGV_A5 A3+1
#define ftgsvj_LONGV_A6 A3+1
#define ftgsvj_LONGV_A7 A3+1
FCALLSCSUB11(ffgsvk,FTGSVJ,ftgsvj,FITSUNIT,INT,INT,LONGV,LONGV,LONGV,LONGV,INT,INTV,PLOGICAL,PINT)

#define ftgsvk_LONGV_A4 A3+1
#define ftgsvk_LONGV_A5 A3+1
#define ftgsvk_LONGV_A6 A3+1
#define ftgsvk_LONGV_A7 A3+1
FCALLSCSUB11(ffgsvjj,FTGSVK,ftgsvk,FITSUNIT,INT,INT,LONGV,LONGV,LONGV,LONGV,LONGLONG,LONGLONGV,PLOGICAL,PINT)

#define ftgsve_LONGV_A4 A3+1
#define ftgsve_LONGV_A5 A3+1
#define ftgsve_LONGV_A6 A3+1
#define ftgsve_LONGV_A7 A3+1
FCALLSCSUB11(ffgsve,FTGSVE,ftgsve,FITSUNIT,INT,INT,LONGV,LONGV,LONGV,LONGV,FLOAT,FLOATV,PLOGICAL,PINT)

#define ftgsvd_LONGV_A4 A3+1
#define ftgsvd_LONGV_A5 A3+1
#define ftgsvd_LONGV_A6 A3+1
#define ftgsvd_LONGV_A7 A3+1
FCALLSCSUB11(ffgsvd,FTGSVD,ftgsvd,FITSUNIT,INT,INT,LONGV,LONGV,LONGV,LONGV,DOUBLE,DOUBLEV,PLOGICAL,PINT)


/*   Must handle LOGICALV conversion manually   */
void Cffgsfb( fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, unsigned char *array, int *flagval, int *anynul, int *status );
void Cffgsfb( fitsfile *fptr, int colnum, int naxis, long *naxes, long *blc, long *trc, long *inc, unsigned char *array, int *flagval, int *anynul, int *status )
{
   char *Cflagval;
   long nflagval;
   int i;
 
   for( nflagval=1, i=0; i
#include 
#include 
#include "fitsio2.h"

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffppruj( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,     /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)           */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,     /* I - number of values to write               */
   unsigned long  *array,    /* I - array of values that are written        */
            int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write an array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being written).
*/
{
    long row;
    unsigned long nullvalue;

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        fits_write_compressed_pixels(fptr, TULONG, firstelem, nelem,
            0, array, &nullvalue, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffpcluj(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, array, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffppnuj( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,     /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)           */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,     /* I - number of values to write               */
   unsigned long  *array,    /* I - array of values that are written        */
   unsigned long  nulval,    /* I - undefined pixel value                   */
            int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write an array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being written).  Any array values
  that are equal to the value of nulval will be replaced with the null
  pixel value that is appropriate for this column.
*/
{
    long row;
    unsigned long nullvalue;

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */
        fits_write_compressed_pixels(fptr, TULONG, firstelem, nelem,
            1, array, &nullvalue, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffpcnuj(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, array, nulval, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffp2duj(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                    */
           long  group,      /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)         */
           LONGLONG  ncols,      /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,     /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value               */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,     /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value               */
  unsigned long  *array,     /* I - array to be written                   */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                         */
/*
  Write an entire 2-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being written).
*/
{
    /* call the 3D writing routine, with the 3rd dimension = 1 */

    ffp3duj(fptr, group, ncols, naxis2, naxis1, naxis2, 1, array, status);

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffp3duj(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                    */
           long  group,      /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)         */
           LONGLONG  ncols,      /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */
           LONGLONG  nrows,      /* I - number of rows in each plane of array */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,     /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value               */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,     /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value               */
           LONGLONG  naxis3,     /* I - FITS image NAXIS3 value               */
  unsigned long  *array,     /* I - array to be written                   */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                         */
/*
  Write an entire 3-D cube of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being written).
*/
{
    long tablerow, ii, jj;
    long fpixel[3]= {1,1,1}, lpixel[3];
    LONGLONG nfits, narray;
    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */
           
    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */
        lpixel[0] = (long) ncols;
        lpixel[1] = (long) nrows;
        lpixel[2] = (long) naxis3;
       
        fits_write_compressed_img(fptr, TULONG, fpixel, lpixel,
            0,  array, NULL, status);
    
        return(*status);
    }

    tablerow=maxvalue(1,group);

    if (ncols == naxis1 && nrows == naxis2)  /* arrays have same size? */
    {
      /* all the image pixels are contiguous, so write all at once */
      ffpcluj(fptr, 2, tablerow, 1L, naxis1 * naxis2 * naxis3, array, status);
      return(*status);
    }

    if (ncols < naxis1 || nrows < naxis2)
       return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);

    nfits = 1;   /* next pixel in FITS image to write to */
    narray = 0;  /* next pixel in input array to be written */

    /* loop over naxis3 planes in the data cube */
    for (jj = 0; jj < naxis3; jj++)
    {
      /* loop over the naxis2 rows in the FITS image, */
      /* writing naxis1 pixels to each row            */

      for (ii = 0; ii < naxis2; ii++)
      {
       if (ffpcluj(fptr, 2, tablerow, nfits, naxis1,&array[narray],status) > 0)
         return(*status);

       nfits += naxis1;
       narray += ncols;
      }
      narray += (nrows - naxis2) * ncols;
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpssuj(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           long  group,      /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)           */
           long  naxis,      /* I - number of data axes in array            */
           long  *naxes,     /* I - size of each FITS axis                  */
           long  *fpixel,    /* I - 1st pixel in each axis to write (1=1st) */
           long  *lpixel,    /* I - last pixel in each axis to write        */
  unsigned long *array,      /* I - array to be written                     */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write a subsection of pixels to the primary array or image.
  A subsection is defined to be any contiguous rectangular
  array of pixels within the n-dimensional FITS data file.
  Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary 
  (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as
  the array being written).
*/
{
    long tablerow;
    LONGLONG fpix[7], dimen[7], astart, pstart;
    LONGLONG off2, off3, off4, off5, off6, off7;
    LONGLONG st10, st20, st30, st40, st50, st60, st70;
    LONGLONG st1, st2, st3, st4, st5, st6, st7;
    long ii, i1, i2, i3, i4, i5, i6, i7, irange[7];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        fits_write_compressed_img(fptr, TULONG, fpixel, lpixel,
            0,  array, NULL, status);
    
        return(*status);
    }

    if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 7)
      return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);

    tablerow=maxvalue(1,group);

     /* calculate the size and number of loops to perform in each dimension */
    for (ii = 0; ii < 7; ii++)
    {
      fpix[ii]=1;
      irange[ii]=1;
      dimen[ii]=1;
    }

    for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++)
    {    
      fpix[ii]=fpixel[ii];
      irange[ii]=lpixel[ii]-fpixel[ii]+1;
      dimen[ii]=naxes[ii];
    }

    i1=irange[0];

    /* compute the pixel offset between each dimension */
    off2 =     dimen[0];
    off3 = off2 * dimen[1];
    off4 = off3 * dimen[2];
    off5 = off4 * dimen[3];
    off6 = off5 * dimen[4];
    off7 = off6 * dimen[5];

    st10 = fpix[0];
    st20 = (fpix[1] - 1) * off2;
    st30 = (fpix[2] - 1) * off3;
    st40 = (fpix[3] - 1) * off4;
    st50 = (fpix[4] - 1) * off5;
    st60 = (fpix[5] - 1) * off6;
    st70 = (fpix[6] - 1) * off7;

    /* store the initial offset in each dimension */
    st1 = st10;
    st2 = st20;
    st3 = st30;
    st4 = st40;
    st5 = st50;
    st6 = st60;
    st7 = st70;

    astart = 0;

    for (i7 = 0; i7 < irange[6]; i7++)
    {
     for (i6 = 0; i6 < irange[5]; i6++)
     {
      for (i5 = 0; i5 < irange[4]; i5++)
      {
       for (i4 = 0; i4 < irange[3]; i4++)
       {
        for (i3 = 0; i3 < irange[2]; i3++)
        {
         pstart = st1 + st2 + st3 + st4 + st5 + st6 + st7;

         for (i2 = 0; i2 < irange[1]; i2++)
         {
           if (ffpcluj(fptr, 2, tablerow, pstart, i1, &array[astart],
              status) > 0)
              return(*status);

           astart += i1;
           pstart += off2;
         }
         st2 = st20;
         st3 = st3+off3;    
        }
        st3 = st30;
        st4 = st4+off4;
       }
       st4 = st40;
       st5 = st5+off5;
      }
      st5 = st50;
      st6 = st6+off6;
     }
     st6 = st60;
     st7 = st7+off7;
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpgpuj( fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                      */
            long  group,      /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)          */
            long  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st) */
            long  nelem,      /* I - number of values to write              */
   unsigned long  *array,     /* I - array of values that are written       */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                          */
/*
  Write an array of group parameters to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being written).
*/
{
    long row;

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffpcluj(fptr, 1L, row, firstelem, nelem, array, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpcluj( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            int  colnum,     /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */
            LONGLONG  firstrow,  /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row)        */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */
            LONGLONG  nelem,     /* I - number of values to write               */
   unsigned long  *array,    /* I - array of values to write                */
            int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write an array of values to a column in the current FITS HDU.
  The column number may refer to a real column in an ASCII or binary table, 
  or it may refer to a virtual column in a 1 or more grouped FITS primary
  array.  FITSIO treats a primary array as a binary table
  with 2 vector columns: the first column contains the group parameters (often
  with length = 0) and the second column contains the array of image pixels.
  Each row of the table represents a group in the case of multigroup FITS
  images.

  The input array of values will be converted to the datatype of the column 
  and will be inverse-scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary.
*/
{
    int tcode, maxelem, hdutype;
    long twidth, incre;
    long ntodo;
    LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, wrtptr, rowlen, rownum, remain, next, tnull;
    double scale, zero;
    char tform[20], cform[20];
    char message[FLEN_ERRMSG];

    char snull[20];   /*  the FITS null value  */

    double cbuff[DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double)]; /* align cbuff on word boundary */
    void *buffer;

    if (*status > 0)           /* inherit input status value if > 0 */
        return(*status);

    buffer = cbuff;

    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Check input and get parameters about the column: */
    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    if (ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, &scale, &zero,
        tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem, &startpos,  &elemnum, &incre,
        &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (tcode == TSTRING)   
         ffcfmt(tform, cform);     /* derive C format for writing strings */

    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Now write the pixels to the FITS column.                           */
    /*  First call the ffXXfYY routine to  (1) convert the datatype        */
    /*  if necessary, and (2) scale the values by the FITS TSCALn and      */
    /*  TZEROn linear scaling parameters into a temporary buffer.          */
    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    remain = nelem;           /* remaining number of values to write  */
    next = 0;                 /* next element in array to be written  */
    rownum = 0;               /* row number, relative to firstrow     */

    while (remain)
    {
        /* limit the number of pixels to process a one time to the number that
           will fit in the buffer space or to the number of pixels that remain
           in the current vector, which ever is smaller.
        */
        ntodo = (long) minvalue(remain, maxelem);      
        ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, (repeat - elemnum));

        wrtptr = startpos + ((LONGLONG)rownum * rowlen) + (elemnum * incre);

        ffmbyt(fptr, wrtptr, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* move to write position */

        switch (tcode) 
        {
            case (TLONG):

                ffu4fi4(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                      (INT32BIT *) buffer, status);
                ffpi4b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (INT32BIT *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TLONGLONG):

                ffu4fi8(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                        (LONGLONG *) buffer, status);
                ffpi8b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (long *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TBYTE):
 
                ffu4fi1(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                        (unsigned char *) buffer, status);
                ffpi1b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (unsigned char *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TSHORT):

                ffu4fi2(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                        (short *) buffer, status);
                ffpi2b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (short *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TFLOAT):

                ffu4fr4(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                        (float *) buffer, status);
                ffpr4b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (float *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TDOUBLE):
                ffu4fr8(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                       (double *) buffer, status);
                ffpr8b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (double *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TSTRING):  /* numerical column in an ASCII table */

                if (cform[1] != 's')  /*  "%s" format is a string */
                {
                  ffu4fstr(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, cform,
                          twidth, (char *) buffer, status);

                  if (incre == twidth)    /* contiguous bytes */
                     ffpbyt(fptr, ntodo * twidth, buffer, status);
                  else
                     ffpbytoff(fptr, twidth, ntodo, incre - twidth, buffer,
                            status);

                  break;
                }
                /* can't write to string column, so fall thru to default: */

            default:  /*  error trap  */
                snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG, 
                     "Cannot write numbers to column %d which has format %s",
                      colnum,tform);
                ffpmsg(message);
                if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL)
                    return(*status = BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT);
                else
                    return(*status = BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT);

        } /* End of switch block */

        /*-------------------------*/
        /*  Check for fatal error  */
        /*-------------------------*/
        if (*status > 0)  /* test for error during previous write operation */
        {
          snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,
          "Error writing elements %.0f thru %.0f of input data array (ffpcluj).",
              (double) (next+1), (double) (next+ntodo));
          ffpmsg(message);
          return(*status);
        }

        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        /*  increment the counters for the next loop  */
        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        remain -= ntodo;
        if (remain)
        {
            next += ntodo;
            elemnum += ntodo;
            if (elemnum == repeat)  /* completed a row; start on next row */
            {
                elemnum = 0;
                rownum++;
            }
        }
    }  /*  End of main while Loop  */


    /*--------------------------------*/
    /*  check for numerical overflow  */
    /*--------------------------------*/
    if (*status == OVERFLOW_ERR)
    {
        ffpmsg(
        "Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.");
        *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpcnuj( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            int  colnum,     /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */
            LONGLONG  firstrow,  /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row)        */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */
            LONGLONG  nelem,     /* I - number of values to write               */
   unsigned long  *array,    /* I - array of values to write                */
   unsigned long   nulvalue, /* I - value used to flag undefined pixels     */
            int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write an array of elements to the specified column of a table.  Any input
  pixels equal to the value of nulvalue will be replaced by the appropriate
  null value in the output FITS file. 

  The input array of values will be converted to the datatype of the column 
  and will be inverse-scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary
*/
{
    tcolumn *colptr;
    LONGLONG  ngood = 0, nbad = 0, ii;
    LONGLONG repeat, first, fstelm, fstrow;
    int tcode, overflow = 0;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */
    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
    else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
    {
        if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0)               /* rescan header */
            return(*status);
    }

    colptr  = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr;   /* point to first column */
    colptr += (colnum - 1);     /* offset to correct column structure */

    tcode  = colptr->tdatatype;

    if (tcode > 0)
       repeat = colptr->trepeat;  /* repeat count for this column */
    else
       repeat = firstelem -1 + nelem;  /* variable length arrays */

    /* if variable length array, first write the whole input vector, 
       then go back and fill in the nulls */
    if (tcode < 0) {
      if (ffpcluj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, array, status) > 0) {
        if (*status == NUM_OVERFLOW) 
	{
	  /* ignore overflows, which are possibly the null pixel values */
	  /*  overflow = 1;   */
	  *status = 0;
	} else { 
          return(*status);
	}
      }
    }

    /* absolute element number in the column */
    first = (firstrow - 1) * repeat + firstelem;

    for (ii = 0; ii < nelem; ii++)
    {
      if (array[ii] != nulvalue)  /* is this a good pixel? */
      {
         if (nbad)  /* write previous string of bad pixels */
         {
            fstelm = ii - nbad + first;  /* absolute element number */
            fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
            fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

            if (ffpclu(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, nbad, status) > 0)
                return(*status);

            nbad=0;
         }

         ngood = ngood +1;  /* the consecutive number of good pixels */
      }
      else
      {
         if (ngood)  /* write previous string of good pixels */
         {
            fstelm = ii - ngood + first;  /* absolute element number */
            fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
            fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

            if (tcode > 0) {  /* variable length arrays have already been written */
              if (ffpcluj(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, ngood, &array[ii-ngood],
                status) > 0) {
		if (*status == NUM_OVERFLOW) 
		{
		  overflow = 1;
		  *status = 0;
		} else { 
                  return(*status);
		}
	      }
	    }
            ngood=0;
         }

         nbad = nbad +1;  /* the consecutive number of bad pixels */
      }
    }

    /* finished loop;  now just write the last set of pixels */

    if (ngood)  /* write last string of good pixels */
    {
      fstelm = ii - ngood + first;  /* absolute element number */
      fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
      fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

      if (tcode > 0) {  /* variable length arrays have already been written */
        ffpcluj(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, ngood, &array[ii-ngood], status);
      }
    }
    else if (nbad) /* write last string of bad pixels */
    {
      fstelm = ii - nbad + first;  /* absolute element number */
      fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
      fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

      ffpclu(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, nbad, status);
    }

    if (*status <= 0) {
      if (overflow) {
        *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
      }
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffu4fi1(unsigned long *input,  /* I - array of values to be converted  */
            long ntodo,            /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,          /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,           /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            unsigned char *output, /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)           /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            if (input[ii] > UCHAR_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX;
            }
            else
                output[ii] = (unsigned char) input[ii];
        }
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;

            if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = 0;
            }
            else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX;
            }
            else
                output[ii] = (unsigned char) (dvalue + .5);
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffu4fi2(unsigned long *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */
            long ntodo,        /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,      /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,       /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            short *output,     /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)       /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            if (input[ii] > SHRT_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
            }
            else
                output[ii] = (short) input[ii];
        }
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;

            if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
            }
            else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
            }
            else
            {
                if (dvalue >= 0)
                    output[ii] = (short) (dvalue + .5);
                else
                    output[ii] = (short) (dvalue - .5);
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffu4fi4(unsigned long *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */
            long ntodo,        /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,      /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,       /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            INT32BIT *output,  /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)       /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 2147483648. && sizeof(long) == 4)
    {       
        /* Instead of subtracting 2147483648, it is more efficient */
        /* to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
             output[ii] =  ( *(long *) &input[ii] ) ^ 0x80000000;
    }
    else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            if (input[ii] > INT32_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = INT32_MAX;
            }
            else
                output[ii] = input[ii];
        }
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;

            if (dvalue < DINT_MIN)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = INT32_MIN;
            }
            else if (dvalue > DINT_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = INT32_MAX;
            }
            else
            {
                if (dvalue >= 0)
                    output[ii] = (INT32BIT) (dvalue + .5);
                else
                    output[ii] = (INT32BIT) (dvalue - .5);
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffu4fi8(unsigned long *input,  /* I - array of values to be converted  */
            long ntodo,             /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,           /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,            /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            LONGLONG *output,       /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)            /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (scale == 1. && zero ==  9223372036854775808.)
    {       
        /* Writing to unsigned long long column. */
        /* Instead of subtracting 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */
        /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

        /* no need to check range limits because all unsigned long values */
	/* are valid ULONGLONG values. */

        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) {
             output[ii] =  ((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000;
        }
    }
    else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
                output[ii] = input[ii];
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;

            if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN;
            }
            else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX;
            }
            else
            {
                if (dvalue >= 0)
                    output[ii] = (LONGLONG) (dvalue + .5);
                else
                    output[ii] = (LONGLONG) (dvalue - .5);
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffu4fr4(unsigned long *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */
            long ntodo,        /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,      /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,       /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            float *output,     /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)       /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
*/
{
    long ii;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
                output[ii] = (float) input[ii];
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            output[ii] = (float) ((input[ii] - zero) / scale);
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffu4fr8(unsigned long *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */
            long ntodo,        /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,      /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,       /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            double *output,    /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)       /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
*/
{
    long ii;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
                output[ii] = (double) input[ii];
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            output[ii] = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffu4fstr(unsigned long *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */
            long ntodo,        /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,      /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,       /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            char *cform,       /* I - format for output string values  */
            long twidth,       /* I - width of each field, in chars    */
            char *output,      /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)       /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do scaling if required.
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    char *cptr;
    
    cptr = output;


    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
           sprintf(output, cform, (double) input[ii]);
           output += twidth;

           if (*output)  /* if this char != \0, then overflow occurred */
              *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
          dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;
          sprintf(output, cform, dvalue);
          output += twidth;

          if (*output)  /* if this char != \0, then overflow occurred */
            *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
        }
    }

    /* replace any commas with periods (e.g., in French locale) */
    while ((cptr = strchr(cptr, ','))) *cptr = '.';
    
    return(*status);
}

/* ======================================================================== */
/*      the following routines support the 'unsigned long long' data type            */
/* ======================================================================== */

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpprujj( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,     /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)           */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,     /* I - number of values to write               */
            ULONGLONG *array,    /* I - array of values that are written        */
            int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write an array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being written).
*/
{
    long row;
    unsigned long nullvalue;

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        ffpmsg("writing TULONGLONG to compressed image is not supported");

        return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR);
    }

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffpclujj(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, array, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffppnujj( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,     /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)           */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,     /* I - number of values to write               */
            ULONGLONG *array,    /* I - array of values that are written        */
            ULONGLONG  nulval,    /* I - undefined pixel value                   */
            int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write an array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being written).  Any array values
  that are equal to the value of nulval will be replaced with the null
  pixel value that is appropriate for this column.
*/
{
    long row;

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        ffpmsg("writing TULONGLONG to compressed image is not supported");

        return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR);
    }

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffpcnujj(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, array, nulval, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffp2dujj(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                     */
           long  group,      /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)           */
           LONGLONG  ncols,      /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,     /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value               */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,     /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value               */
           ULONGLONG  *array,     /* I - array to be written                  */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                         */
/*
  Write an entire 2-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being written).
*/
{
    /* call the 3D writing routine, with the 3rd dimension = 1 */

    ffp3dujj(fptr, group, ncols, naxis2, naxis1, naxis2, 1, array, status);

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffp3dujj(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                    */
           long  group,      /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)         */
           LONGLONG  ncols,      /* I - number of pixels in each row of array */
           LONGLONG  nrows,      /* I - number of rows in each plane of array */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,     /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value               */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,     /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value               */
           LONGLONG  naxis3,     /* I - FITS image NAXIS3 value               */
           ULONGLONG  *array,    /* I - array to be written                   */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                         */
/*
  Write an entire 3-D cube of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being written).
*/
{
    long tablerow, ii, jj;
    long fpixel[3]= {1,1,1}, lpixel[3];
    LONGLONG nfits, narray;
    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */
           
    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        ffpmsg("writing TULONGLONG to compressed image is not supported");

        return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR);
    }

    tablerow=maxvalue(1,group);

    if (ncols == naxis1 && nrows == naxis2)  /* arrays have same size? */
    {
      /* all the image pixels are contiguous, so write all at once */
      ffpclujj(fptr, 2, tablerow, 1L, naxis1 * naxis2 * naxis3, array, status);
      return(*status);
    }

    if (ncols < naxis1 || nrows < naxis2)
       return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);

    nfits = 1;   /* next pixel in FITS image to write to */
    narray = 0;  /* next pixel in input array to be written */

    /* loop over naxis3 planes in the data cube */
    for (jj = 0; jj < naxis3; jj++)
    {
      /* loop over the naxis2 rows in the FITS image, */
      /* writing naxis1 pixels to each row            */

      for (ii = 0; ii < naxis2; ii++)
      {
       if (ffpclujj(fptr, 2, tablerow, nfits, naxis1,&array[narray],status) > 0)
         return(*status);

       nfits += naxis1;
       narray += ncols;
      }
      narray += (nrows - naxis2) * ncols;
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpssujj(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                     */
           long  group,      /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)           */
           long  naxis,      /* I - number of data axes in array            */
           long  *naxes,     /* I - size of each FITS axis                  */
           long  *fpixel,    /* I - 1st pixel in each axis to write (1=1st) */
           long  *lpixel,    /* I - last pixel in each axis to write        */
           ULONGLONG *array,      /* I - array to be written                     */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write a subsection of pixels to the primary array or image.
  A subsection is defined to be any contiguous rectangular
  array of pixels within the n-dimensional FITS data file.
  Data conversion and scaling will be performed if necessary 
  (e.g, if the datatype of the FITS array is not the same as
  the array being written).
*/
{
    long tablerow;
    LONGLONG fpix[7], dimen[7], astart, pstart;
    LONGLONG off2, off3, off4, off5, off6, off7;
    LONGLONG st10, st20, st30, st40, st50, st60, st70;
    LONGLONG st1, st2, st3, st4, st5, st6, st7;
    long ii, i1, i2, i3, i4, i5, i6, i7, irange[7];

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        ffpmsg("writing TULONGLONG to compressed image is not supported");

        return(*status = DATA_COMPRESSION_ERR);
    }

    if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 7)
      return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);

    tablerow=maxvalue(1,group);

     /* calculate the size and number of loops to perform in each dimension */
    for (ii = 0; ii < 7; ii++)
    {
      fpix[ii]=1;
      irange[ii]=1;
      dimen[ii]=1;
    }

    for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++)
    {    
      fpix[ii]=fpixel[ii];
      irange[ii]=lpixel[ii]-fpixel[ii]+1;
      dimen[ii]=naxes[ii];
    }

    i1=irange[0];

    /* compute the pixel offset between each dimension */
    off2 =     dimen[0];
    off3 = off2 * dimen[1];
    off4 = off3 * dimen[2];
    off5 = off4 * dimen[3];
    off6 = off5 * dimen[4];
    off7 = off6 * dimen[5];

    st10 = fpix[0];
    st20 = (fpix[1] - 1) * off2;
    st30 = (fpix[2] - 1) * off3;
    st40 = (fpix[3] - 1) * off4;
    st50 = (fpix[4] - 1) * off5;
    st60 = (fpix[5] - 1) * off6;
    st70 = (fpix[6] - 1) * off7;

    /* store the initial offset in each dimension */
    st1 = st10;
    st2 = st20;
    st3 = st30;
    st4 = st40;
    st5 = st50;
    st6 = st60;
    st7 = st70;

    astart = 0;

    for (i7 = 0; i7 < irange[6]; i7++)
    {
     for (i6 = 0; i6 < irange[5]; i6++)
     {
      for (i5 = 0; i5 < irange[4]; i5++)
      {
       for (i4 = 0; i4 < irange[3]; i4++)
       {
        for (i3 = 0; i3 < irange[2]; i3++)
        {
         pstart = st1 + st2 + st3 + st4 + st5 + st6 + st7;

         for (i2 = 0; i2 < irange[1]; i2++)
         {
           if (ffpclujj(fptr, 2, tablerow, pstart, i1, &array[astart],
              status) > 0)
              return(*status);

           astart += i1;
           pstart += off2;
         }
         st2 = st20;
         st3 = st3+off3;    
        }
        st3 = st30;
        st4 = st4+off4;
       }
       st4 = st40;
       st5 = st5+off5;
      }
      st5 = st50;
      st6 = st6+off6;
     }
     st6 = st60;
     st7 = st7+off7;
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpgpujj( fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                    */
            long  group,      /* I - group to write(1 = 1st group)          */
            long  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to write(1 = 1st) */
            long  nelem,      /* I - number of values to write              */
            ULONGLONG  *array,     /* I - array of values that are written  */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                          */
/*
  Write an array of group parameters to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being written).
*/
{
    long row;

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffpclujj(fptr, 1L, row, firstelem, nelem, array, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpclujj( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            int  colnum,     /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */
            LONGLONG  firstrow,  /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row)        */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */
            LONGLONG  nelem,     /* I - number of values to write               */
            ULONGLONG  *array,    /* I - array of values to write                */
            int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write an array of values to a column in the current FITS HDU.
  The column number may refer to a real column in an ASCII or binary table, 
  or it may refer to a virtual column in a 1 or more grouped FITS primary
  array.  FITSIO treats a primary array as a binary table
  with 2 vector columns: the first column contains the group parameters (often
  with length = 0) and the second column contains the array of image pixels.
  Each row of the table represents a group in the case of multigroup FITS
  images.

  The input array of values will be converted to the datatype of the column 
  and will be inverse-scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary.
*/
{
    int tcode, maxelem, hdutype;
    long twidth, incre;
    long ntodo;
    LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, wrtptr, rowlen, rownum, remain, next, tnull;
    double scale, zero;
    char tform[20], cform[20];
    char message[FLEN_ERRMSG];

    char snull[20];   /*  the FITS null value  */

    double cbuff[DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double)]; /* align cbuff on word boundary */
    void *buffer;

    if (*status > 0)           /* inherit input status value if > 0 */
        return(*status);

    buffer = cbuff;

    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Check input and get parameters about the column: */
    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    if (ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, &scale, &zero,
        tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem, &startpos,  &elemnum, &incre,
        &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (tcode == TSTRING)   
         ffcfmt(tform, cform);     /* derive C format for writing strings */

    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Now write the pixels to the FITS column.                           */
    /*  First call the ffXXfYY routine to  (1) convert the datatype        */
    /*  if necessary, and (2) scale the values by the FITS TSCALn and      */
    /*  TZEROn linear scaling parameters into a temporary buffer.          */
    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    remain = nelem;           /* remaining number of values to write  */
    next = 0;                 /* next element in array to be written  */
    rownum = 0;               /* row number, relative to firstrow     */

    while (remain)
    {
        /* limit the number of pixels to process a one time to the number that
           will fit in the buffer space or to the number of pixels that remain
           in the current vector, which ever is smaller.
        */
        ntodo = (long) minvalue(remain, maxelem);      
        ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, (repeat - elemnum));

        wrtptr = startpos + ((LONGLONG)rownum * rowlen) + (elemnum * incre);

        ffmbyt(fptr, wrtptr, IGNORE_EOF, status); /* move to write position */

        switch (tcode) 
        {
            case (TLONGLONG):

                ffu8fi8(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                        (LONGLONG *) buffer, status);
                ffpi8b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (long *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TLONG):

                ffu8fi4(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                      (INT32BIT *) buffer, status);
                ffpi4b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (INT32BIT *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TBYTE):
 
                ffu8fi1(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                        (unsigned char *) buffer, status);
                ffpi1b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (unsigned char *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TSHORT):

                ffu8fi2(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                        (short *) buffer, status);
                ffpi2b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (short *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TFLOAT):

                ffu8fr4(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                        (float *) buffer, status);
                ffpr4b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (float *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TDOUBLE):
                ffu8fr8(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                       (double *) buffer, status);
                ffpr8b(fptr, ntodo, incre, (double *) buffer, status);
                break;

            case (TSTRING):  /* numerical column in an ASCII table */

                if (cform[1] != 's')  /*  "%s" format is a string */
                {
                  ffu8fstr(&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, cform,
                          twidth, (char *) buffer, status);

                  if (incre == twidth)    /* contiguous bytes */
                     ffpbyt(fptr, ntodo * twidth, buffer, status);
                  else
                     ffpbytoff(fptr, twidth, ntodo, incre - twidth, buffer,
                            status);

                  break;
                }
                /* can't write to string column, so fall thru to default: */

            default:  /*  error trap  */
                snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                     "Cannot write numbers to column %d which has format %s",
                      colnum,tform);
                ffpmsg(message);
                if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL)
                    return(*status = BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT);
                else
                    return(*status = BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT);

        } /* End of switch block */

        /*-------------------------*/
        /*  Check for fatal error  */
        /*-------------------------*/
        if (*status > 0)  /* test for error during previous write operation */
        {
          snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
          "Error writing elements %.0f thru %.0f of input data array (ffpcluj).",
              (double) (next+1), (double) (next+ntodo));
          ffpmsg(message);
          return(*status);
        }

        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        /*  increment the counters for the next loop  */
        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        remain -= ntodo;
        if (remain)
        {
            next += ntodo;
            elemnum += ntodo;
            if (elemnum == repeat)  /* completed a row; start on next row */
            {
                elemnum = 0;
                rownum++;
            }
        }
    }  /*  End of main while Loop  */


    /*--------------------------------*/
    /*  check for numerical overflow  */
    /*--------------------------------*/
    if (*status == OVERFLOW_ERR)
    {
        ffpmsg(
        "Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.");
        *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffpcnujj( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                     */
            int  colnum,     /* I - number of column to write (1 = 1st col) */
            LONGLONG  firstrow,  /* I - first row to write (1 = 1st row)        */
            LONGLONG  firstelem, /* I - first vector element to write (1 = 1st) */
            LONGLONG  nelem,     /* I - number of values to write               */
            ULONGLONG *array,    /* I - array of values to write                */
            ULONGLONG nulvalue,  /* I - value used to flag undefined pixels     */
            int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Write an array of elements to the specified column of a table.  Any input
  pixels equal to the value of nulvalue will be replaced by the appropriate
  null value in the output FITS file. 

  The input array of values will be converted to the datatype of the column 
  and will be inverse-scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary
*/
{
    tcolumn *colptr;
    LONGLONG  ngood = 0, nbad = 0, ii;
    LONGLONG repeat, first, fstelm, fstrow;
    int tcode, overflow = 0;

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);

    /* reset position to the correct HDU if necessary */
    if (fptr->HDUposition != (fptr->Fptr)->curhdu)
    {
        ffmahd(fptr, (fptr->HDUposition) + 1, NULL, status);
    }
    else if ((fptr->Fptr)->datastart == DATA_UNDEFINED)
    {
        if ( ffrdef(fptr, status) > 0)               /* rescan header */
            return(*status);
    }

    colptr  = (fptr->Fptr)->tableptr;   /* point to first column */
    colptr += (colnum - 1);     /* offset to correct column structure */

    tcode  = colptr->tdatatype;

    if (tcode > 0)
       repeat = colptr->trepeat;  /* repeat count for this column */
    else
       repeat = firstelem -1 + nelem;  /* variable length arrays */

    /* if variable length array, first write the whole input vector, 
       then go back and fill in the nulls */
    if (tcode < 0) {
      if (ffpclujj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, array, status) > 0) {
        if (*status == NUM_OVERFLOW) 
	{
	  /* ignore overflows, which are possibly the null pixel values */
	  /*  overflow = 1;   */
	  *status = 0;
	} else { 
          return(*status);
	}
      }
    }

    /* absolute element number in the column */
    first = (firstrow - 1) * repeat + firstelem;

    for (ii = 0; ii < nelem; ii++)
    {
      if (array[ii] != nulvalue)  /* is this a good pixel? */
      {
         if (nbad)  /* write previous string of bad pixels */
         {
            fstelm = ii - nbad + first;  /* absolute element number */
            fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
            fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

            if (ffpclu(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, nbad, status) > 0)
                return(*status);

            nbad=0;
         }

         ngood = ngood +1;  /* the consecutive number of good pixels */
      }
      else
      {
         if (ngood)  /* write previous string of good pixels */
         {
            fstelm = ii - ngood + first;  /* absolute element number */
            fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
            fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

            if (tcode > 0) {  /* variable length arrays have already been written */
              if (ffpclujj(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, ngood, &array[ii-ngood],
                status) > 0) {
		if (*status == NUM_OVERFLOW) 
		{
		  overflow = 1;
		  *status = 0;
		} else { 
                  return(*status);
		}
	      }
	    }
            ngood=0;
         }

         nbad = nbad +1;  /* the consecutive number of bad pixels */
      }
    }

    /* finished loop;  now just write the last set of pixels */

    if (ngood)  /* write last string of good pixels */
    {
      fstelm = ii - ngood + first;  /* absolute element number */
      fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
      fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

      if (tcode > 0) {  /* variable length arrays have already been written */
        ffpclujj(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, ngood, &array[ii-ngood], status);
      }
    }
    else if (nbad) /* write last string of bad pixels */
    {
      fstelm = ii - nbad + first;  /* absolute element number */
      fstrow = (fstelm - 1) / repeat + 1;  /* starting row number */
      fstelm = fstelm - (fstrow - 1) * repeat;  /* relative number */

      ffpclu(fptr, colnum, fstrow, fstelm, nbad, status);
    }

    if (*status <= 0) {
      if (overflow) {
        *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
      }
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffu8fi1(ULONGLONG *input,      /* I - array of values to be converted  */
            long ntodo,            /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,          /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,           /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            unsigned char *output, /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)           /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            if (input[ii] > UCHAR_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX;
            }
            else
                output[ii] = (unsigned char) input[ii];
        }
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;

            if (dvalue < DUCHAR_MIN)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = 0;
            }
            else if (dvalue > DUCHAR_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = UCHAR_MAX;
            }
            else
                output[ii] = (unsigned char) (dvalue + .5);
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffu8fi2(ULONGLONG *input,  /* I - array of values to be converted  */
            long ntodo,        /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,      /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,       /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            short *output,     /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)       /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            if (input[ii] > SHRT_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
            }
            else
                output[ii] = (short) input[ii];
        }
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;

            if (dvalue < DSHRT_MIN)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = SHRT_MIN;
            }
            else if (dvalue > DSHRT_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = SHRT_MAX;
            }
            else
            {
                if (dvalue >= 0)
                    output[ii] = (short) (dvalue + .5);
                else
                    output[ii] = (short) (dvalue - .5);
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffu8fi4(ULONGLONG *input,  /* I - array of values to be converted  */
            long ntodo,        /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,      /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,       /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            INT32BIT *output,  /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)       /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            if (input[ii] > INT32_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = INT32_MAX;
            }
            else
                output[ii] = input[ii];
        }
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;

            if (dvalue < DINT_MIN)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = INT32_MIN;
            }
            else if (dvalue > DINT_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = INT32_MAX;
            }
            else
            {
                if (dvalue >= 0)
                    output[ii] = (INT32BIT) (dvalue + .5);
                else
                    output[ii] = (INT32BIT) (dvalue - .5);
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffu8fi8(ULONGLONG *input,       /* I - array of values to be converted  */
            long ntodo,             /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,           /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,            /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            LONGLONG *output,       /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)            /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (scale == 1. && zero ==  9223372036854775808.)
    {       
        /* Writing to unsigned long long column. */
        /* Instead of subtracting 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */
        /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

        /* no need to check range limits because all input values */
	/* are valid ULONGLONG values. */

        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) {
             output[ii] =  ((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000;
        }
    }
    else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) {
            if (input[ii] > LONGLONG_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX;
            }
            else
            {
	        output[ii] = input[ii];
	    }
        }
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
            dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;

            if (dvalue < DLONGLONG_MIN)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = LONGLONG_MIN;
            }
            else if (dvalue > DLONGLONG_MAX)
            {
                *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                output[ii] = LONGLONG_MAX;
            }
            else
            {
                if (dvalue >= 0)
                    output[ii] = (LONGLONG) (dvalue + .5);
                else
                    output[ii] = (LONGLONG) (dvalue - .5);
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffu8fr4(ULONGLONG *input , /* I - array of values to be converted  */
            long ntodo,        /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,      /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,       /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            float *output,     /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)       /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
*/
{
    long ii;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
                output[ii] = (float) input[ii];
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            output[ii] = (float) ((input[ii] - zero) / scale);
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffu8fr8(ULONGLONG *input,  /* I - array of values to be converted  */
            long ntodo,        /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,      /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,       /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            double *output,    /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)       /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
*/
{
    long ii;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
                output[ii] = (double) input[ii];
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            output[ii] = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffu8fstr(ULONGLONG *input, /* I - array of values to be converted */
            long ntodo,        /* I - number of elements in the array  */
            double scale,      /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value      */
            double zero,       /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value      */
            char *cform,       /* I - format for output string values  */
            long twidth,       /* I - width of each field, in chars    */
            char *output,      /* O - output array of converted values */
            int *status)       /* IO - error status                    */
/*
  Copy input to output prior to writing output to a FITS file.
  Do scaling if required.
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    char *cptr;
    
    cptr = output;

    if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)
    {       
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
           sprintf(output, cform, (double) input[ii]);
           output += twidth;

           if (*output)  /* if this char != \0, then overflow occurred */
              *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
        {
          dvalue = (input[ii] - zero) / scale;
          sprintf(output, cform, dvalue);
          output += twidth;

          if (*output)  /* if this char != \0, then overflow occurred */
            *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
        }
    }

    /* replace any commas with periods (e.g., in French locale) */
    while ((cptr = strchr(cptr, ','))) *cptr = '.';
    
    return(*status);
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/drvrfile.c0000644000225700000360000006753413472024437014453 0ustar  cagordonlhea/*  This file, drvrfile.c contains driver routines for disk files.         */

/*  The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy    */
/*  Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA      */
/*  Goddard Space Flight Center.                                           */

#include 
#include 
#include "fitsio2.h"
#include "group.h"  /* needed for fits_get_cwd in file_create */

#if defined(unix) || defined(__unix__)  || defined(__unix)
#include          /* needed in file_openfile */

#ifdef REPLACE_LINKS
#include 
#include 
#endif

#endif

#ifdef HAVE_FTRUNCATE
#if defined(unix) || defined(__unix__)  || defined(__unix) || defined(HAVE_UNISTD_H)
#include   /* needed for getcwd prototype on unix machines */
#endif
#endif

#define IO_SEEK 0        /* last file I/O operation was a seek */
#define IO_READ 1        /* last file I/O operation was a read */
#define IO_WRITE 2       /* last file I/O operation was a write */

static char file_outfile[FLEN_FILENAME];

typedef struct    /* structure containing disk file structure */ 
{
    FILE *fileptr;
    LONGLONG currentpos;
    int last_io_op;
} diskdriver;

static diskdriver handleTable[NMAXFILES]; /* allocate diskfile handle tables */

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_init(void)
{
    int ii;

    for (ii = 0; ii < NMAXFILES; ii++) /* initialize all empty slots in table */
    {
       handleTable[ii].fileptr = 0;
    }
    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_setoptions(int options)
{
  /* do something with the options argument, to stop compiler warning */
  options = 0;
  return(options);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_getoptions(int *options)
{
  *options = 0;
  return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_getversion(int *version)
{
    *version = 10;
    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_shutdown(void)
{
  return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *handle)
{
    FILE *diskfile;
    int copyhandle, ii, status;
    char recbuf[2880];
    size_t nread;

    /*
       if an output filename has been specified as part of the input
       file, as in "inputfile.fits(outputfile.fit)" then we have to
       create the output file, copy the input to it, then reopen the
       the new copy.
    */

    if (*file_outfile)
    {
      /* open the original file, with readonly access */
      status = file_openfile(filename, READONLY, &diskfile);
      if (status) {
        file_outfile[0] = '\0';
        return(status);
      }
      
      /* create the output file */
      status =  file_create(file_outfile,handle);
      if (status)
      {
        ffpmsg("Unable to create output file for copy of input file:");
        ffpmsg(file_outfile);
        file_outfile[0] = '\0';
        return(status);
      }

      /* copy the file from input to output */
      while(0 != (nread = fread(recbuf,1,2880, diskfile)))
      {
        status = file_write(*handle, recbuf, nread);
        if (status) {
	   file_outfile[0] = '\0';
           return(status);
        }
      }

      /* close both files */
      fclose(diskfile);
      copyhandle = *handle;
      file_close(*handle);
      *handle = copyhandle;  /* reuse the old file handle */

      /* reopen the new copy, with correct rwmode */
      status = file_openfile(file_outfile, rwmode, &diskfile);
      file_outfile[0] = '\0';
    }
    else
    {
      *handle = -1;
      for (ii = 0; ii < NMAXFILES; ii++)  /* find empty slot in table */
      {
        if (handleTable[ii].fileptr == 0)
        {
            *handle = ii;
            break;
        }
      }

      if (*handle == -1)
       return(TOO_MANY_FILES);    /* too many files opened */

      /*open the file */
      status = file_openfile(filename, rwmode, &diskfile);
    }

    handleTable[*handle].fileptr = diskfile;
    handleTable[*handle].currentpos = 0;
    handleTable[*handle].last_io_op = IO_SEEK;

    return(status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_openfile(char *filename, int rwmode, FILE **diskfile)
/*
   lowest level routine to physically open a disk file
*/
{
    char mode[4];

#if defined(unix) || defined(__unix__) || defined(__unix)
    char tempname[1024], *cptr, user[80];
    struct passwd *pwd;
    int ii = 0;

#if defined(REPLACE_LINKS)
    struct stat stbuf;
    int success = 0;
    size_t n;
    FILE *f1, *f2;
    char buf[BUFSIZ];
#endif

#endif

    if (rwmode == READWRITE)
    {
          strcpy(mode, "r+b");    /* open existing file with read-write */
    }
    else
    {
          strcpy(mode, "rb");     /* open existing file readonly */
    }

#if MACHINE == ALPHAVMS || MACHINE == VAXVMS
        /* specify VMS record structure: fixed format, 2880 byte records */
        /* but force stream mode access to enable random I/O access      */
    *diskfile = fopen(filename, mode, "rfm=fix", "mrs=2880", "ctx=stm"); 

#elif defined(unix) || defined(__unix__) || defined(__unix)

    /* support the ~user/file.fits or ~/file.fits filenames in UNIX */

    if (*filename == '~')
    {
        if (filename[1] == '/')
        {
            cptr = getenv("HOME");
            if (cptr)
            {
                 if (strlen(cptr) + strlen(filename+1) > 1023)
		      return(FILE_NOT_OPENED); 

                 strcpy(tempname, cptr);
                 strcat(tempname, filename+1);
            }
            else
            {
                 if (strlen(filename) > 1023)
		      return(FILE_NOT_OPENED); 

                 strcpy(tempname, filename);
            }
        }
        else
        {
            /* copy user name */
            cptr = filename+1;
            while (*cptr && (*cptr != '/'))
            {
                user[ii] = *cptr;
                cptr++;
                ii++;
            }
            user[ii] = '\0';

            /* get structure that includes name of user's home directory */
            pwd = getpwnam(user);

            /* copy user's home directory */
            if (strlen(pwd->pw_dir) + strlen(cptr) > 1023)
		      return(FILE_NOT_OPENED); 

            strcpy(tempname, pwd->pw_dir);
            strcat(tempname, cptr);
        }

        *diskfile = fopen(tempname, mode); 
    }
    else
    {
        /* don't need to expand the input file name */
        *diskfile = fopen(filename, mode); 

#if defined(REPLACE_LINKS)

        if (!(*diskfile) && (rwmode == READWRITE))  
        {
           /* failed to open file with READWRITE privilege.  Test if  */
           /* the file we are trying to open is a soft link to a file that */
           /* doesn't have write privilege.  */

           lstat(filename, &stbuf);
           if ((stbuf.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFLNK) /* is this a soft link? */
           {
              if ((f1 = fopen(filename, "rb")) != 0) /* try opening READONLY */
              {

                 if (strlen(filename) + 7 > 1023)
		      return(FILE_NOT_OPENED); 

                 strcpy(tempname, filename);
                 strcat(tempname, ".TmxFil");
                 if ((f2 = fopen(tempname, "wb")) != 0) /* create temp file */
                 {
                    success = 1;
                    while ((n = fread(buf, 1, BUFSIZ, f1)) > 0)
                    {
                       /* copy linked file to local temporary file */
                       if (fwrite(buf, 1, n, f2) != n) 
                       {
                          success = 0;
                          break;
                       } 
                    }
                    fclose(f2);
                 }
                 fclose(f1);
  
                 if (success)
                 {
                    /* delete link and rename temp file to previous link name */
                    remove(filename);
                    rename(tempname, filename);

                    /* try once again to open the file with write access */
                    *diskfile = fopen(filename, mode); 
                 }
                 else
                    remove(tempname);  /* clean up the failed copy */
              }
           }
        }
#endif

    }

#else

    /* other non-UNIX machines */
    *diskfile = fopen(filename, mode); 

#endif

    if (!(*diskfile))           /* couldn't open file */
    {
            return(FILE_NOT_OPENED); 
    }
    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_create(char *filename, int *handle)
{
    FILE *diskfile;
    int ii;
    char mode[4];
 
    int status = 0, rootlen, rootlen2, slen;
    char *cptr, *cpos;
    char cwd[FLEN_FILENAME], absURL[FLEN_FILENAME];
    char rootstring[256], rootstring2[256];
    char username[FLEN_FILENAME], userroot[FLEN_FILENAME], userroot2[FLEN_FILENAME];

    cptr = getenv("HERA_DATA_DIRECTORY");
    if (cptr) {
	/* This environment variable is defined in the Hera data analysis environment. */
	/* It specifies the root directory path to the users data directories.  */
	/* CFITSIO will verify that the path to the file that is to be created */
	/* is within this root directory + the user's home directory name. */

/*
printf("env = %s\n",cptr);
*/	
        if (strlen(cptr) > 200)  /* guard against possible string overflows */
	    return(FILE_NOT_CREATED); 

	/* environment variable has the form "path/one/;/path/two/" where the */
	/* second path is optional */

	strcpy(rootstring, cptr);
	cpos = strchr(rootstring, ';');
	if (cpos) {
	    *cpos = '\0';
	    cpos++;
	    strcpy(rootstring2, cpos);
	} else {
	  *rootstring2 = '\0';
	}
/*
printf("%s, %s\n", rootstring, rootstring2);
printf("CWD = %s\n", cwd); 
printf("rootstring=%s, cwd=%s.\n", rootstring, cwd);
*/
	/* Get the current working directory */
	fits_get_cwd(cwd, &status);  
	slen = strlen(cwd);
	if ((slen < FLEN_FILENAME) && cwd[slen-1] != '/') strcat(cwd,"/"); /* make sure the CWD ends with slash */


	/* check that CWD string matches the rootstring */
	rootlen = strlen(rootstring);
	if (strncmp(rootstring, cwd, rootlen)) {
	    ffpmsg("invalid CWD: does not match root data directory");
	    return(FILE_NOT_CREATED); 
	} else {

	    /* get the user name from CWD (it follows the root string) */
	    strncpy(username, cwd+rootlen, 50);  /* limit length of user name */
            username[50]=0;
	    cpos=strchr(username, '/');
	    if (!cpos) {
               ffpmsg("invalid CWD: not equal to root data directory + username");
               return(FILE_NOT_CREATED); 
	    } else {
	        *(cpos+1) = '\0';   /* truncate user name string */

		/* construct full user root name */
		strcpy(userroot, rootstring);
		strcat(userroot, username);
		rootlen = strlen(userroot);

		/* construct alternate full user root name */
		strcpy(userroot2, rootstring2);
		strcat(userroot2, username);
		rootlen2 = strlen(userroot2);

		/* convert the input filename to absolute path relative to the CWD */
		fits_relurl2url(cwd,  filename,  absURL, &status);

/*
printf("username = %s\n", username);
printf("userroot = %s\n", userroot);
printf("userroot2 = %s\n", userroot2);
printf("filename = %s\n", filename);
printf("ABS = %s\n", absURL);
*/
		/* check that CWD string matches the rootstring or alternate root string */

		if ( strncmp(userroot,  absURL, rootlen)  &&
		   strncmp(userroot2, absURL, rootlen2) ) {
		   ffpmsg("invalid filename: path not within user directory");
		   return(FILE_NOT_CREATED); 
		}
	    }
	}
	/* if we got here, then the input filename appears to be valid */
    }
    
    *handle = -1;
    for (ii = 0; ii < NMAXFILES; ii++)  /* find empty slot in table */
    {
        if (handleTable[ii].fileptr == 0)
        {
            *handle = ii;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (*handle == -1)
       return(TOO_MANY_FILES);    /* too many files opened */

    strcpy(mode, "w+b");    /* create new file with read-write */

    diskfile = fopen(filename, "r"); /* does file already exist? */

    if (diskfile)
    {
        fclose(diskfile);         /* close file and exit with error */
        return(FILE_NOT_CREATED); 
    }

#if MACHINE == ALPHAVMS || MACHINE == VAXVMS
        /* specify VMS record structure: fixed format, 2880 byte records */
        /* but force stream mode access to enable random I/O access      */
    diskfile = fopen(filename, mode, "rfm=fix", "mrs=2880", "ctx=stm"); 
#else
    diskfile = fopen(filename, mode); 
#endif

    if (!(diskfile))           /* couldn't create file */
    {
            return(FILE_NOT_CREATED); 
    }

    handleTable[ii].fileptr = diskfile;
    handleTable[ii].currentpos = 0;
    handleTable[ii].last_io_op = IO_SEEK;

    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_truncate(int handle, LONGLONG filesize)
/*
  truncate the diskfile to a new smaller size
*/
{

#ifdef HAVE_FTRUNCATE
    int fdesc;

    fdesc = fileno(handleTable[handle].fileptr);
    ftruncate(fdesc, (OFF_T) filesize);
    file_seek(handle, filesize);

    handleTable[handle].currentpos = filesize;
    handleTable[handle].last_io_op = IO_SEEK;

#endif

    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_size(int handle, LONGLONG *filesize)
/*
  return the size of the file in bytes
*/
{
    OFF_T position1,position2;
    FILE *diskfile;

    diskfile = handleTable[handle].fileptr;

#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1400)
 
/* call the VISUAL C++ version of the routines which support */
/*  Large Files (> 2GB) if they are supported (since VC 8.0)  */

    position1 = _ftelli64(diskfile);   /* save current postion */
    if (position1 < 0)
        return(SEEK_ERROR);

    if (_fseeki64(diskfile, 0, 2) != 0)  /* seek to end of file */
        return(SEEK_ERROR);

    position2 = _ftelli64(diskfile);     /* get file size */
    if (position2 < 0)
        return(SEEK_ERROR);

    if (_fseeki64(diskfile, position1, 0) != 0)  /* seek back to original pos */
        return(SEEK_ERROR);

#elif _FILE_OFFSET_BITS - 0 == 64

/* call the newer ftello and fseeko routines , which support */
/*  Large Files (> 2GB) if they are supported.  */

    position1 = ftello(diskfile);   /* save current postion */
    if (position1 < 0)
        return(SEEK_ERROR);

    if (fseeko(diskfile, 0, 2) != 0)  /* seek to end of file */
        return(SEEK_ERROR);

    position2 = ftello(diskfile);     /* get file size */
    if (position2 < 0)
        return(SEEK_ERROR);

    if (fseeko(diskfile, position1, 0) != 0)  /* seek back to original pos */
        return(SEEK_ERROR);

#else

    position1 = ftell(diskfile);   /* save current postion */
    if (position1 < 0)
        return(SEEK_ERROR);

    if (fseek(diskfile, 0, 2) != 0)  /* seek to end of file */
        return(SEEK_ERROR);

    position2 = ftell(diskfile);     /* get file size */
    if (position2 < 0)
        return(SEEK_ERROR);

    if (fseek(diskfile, position1, 0) != 0)  /* seek back to original pos */
        return(SEEK_ERROR);

#endif

    *filesize = (LONGLONG) position2;
    
    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_close(int handle)
/*
  close the file
*/
{
    
    if (fclose(handleTable[handle].fileptr) )
        return(FILE_NOT_CLOSED);

    handleTable[handle].fileptr = 0;
    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_remove(char *filename)
/*
  delete the file from disk
*/
{
    remove(filename);
    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_flush(int handle)
/*
  flush the file
*/
{
    if (fflush(handleTable[handle].fileptr) )
        return(WRITE_ERROR);

    /* The flush operation is not supposed to move the internal */
    /* file pointer, but it does on some Windows-95 compilers and */
    /* perhaps others, so seek to original position to be sure. */
    /* This seek will do no harm on other systems.   */

#if MACHINE == IBMPC

    if (file_seek(handle, handleTable[handle].currentpos))
            return(SEEK_ERROR);

#endif

    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_seek(int handle, LONGLONG offset)
/*
  seek to position relative to start of the file
*/
{

#if defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1400)
    
     /* Microsoft visual studio C++ */
     /* _fseeki64 supported beginning with version 8.0 */
 
    if (_fseeki64(handleTable[handle].fileptr, (OFF_T) offset, 0) != 0)
        return(SEEK_ERROR);
	
#elif _FILE_OFFSET_BITS - 0 == 64

    if (fseeko(handleTable[handle].fileptr, (OFF_T) offset, 0) != 0)
        return(SEEK_ERROR);

#else

    if (fseek(handleTable[handle].fileptr, (OFF_T) offset, 0) != 0)
        return(SEEK_ERROR);

#endif

    handleTable[handle].currentpos = offset;
    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_read(int hdl, void *buffer, long nbytes)
/*
  read bytes from the current position in the file
*/
{
    long nread;
    char *cptr;

    if (handleTable[hdl].last_io_op == IO_WRITE)
    {
        if (file_seek(hdl, handleTable[hdl].currentpos))
            return(SEEK_ERROR);
    }
  
    nread = (long) fread(buffer, 1, nbytes, handleTable[hdl].fileptr);

    if (nread == 1)
    {
         cptr = (char *) buffer;

         /* some editors will add a single end-of-file character to a file */
         /* Ignore it if the character is a zero, 10, or 32 */
         if (*cptr == 0 || *cptr == 10 || *cptr == 32)
             return(END_OF_FILE);
         else
             return(READ_ERROR);
    }
    else if (nread != nbytes)
    {
        return(READ_ERROR);
    }

    handleTable[hdl].currentpos += nbytes;
    handleTable[hdl].last_io_op = IO_READ;
    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_write(int hdl, void *buffer, long nbytes)
/*
  write bytes at the current position in the file
*/
{
    if (handleTable[hdl].last_io_op == IO_READ) 
    {
        if (file_seek(hdl, handleTable[hdl].currentpos))
            return(SEEK_ERROR);
    }

    if((long) fwrite(buffer, 1, nbytes, handleTable[hdl].fileptr) != nbytes)
        return(WRITE_ERROR);

    handleTable[hdl].currentpos += nbytes;
    handleTable[hdl].last_io_op = IO_WRITE;
    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_compress_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *hdl)
/*
  This routine opens the compressed diskfile by creating a new uncompressed
  file then opening it.  The input file name (the name of the compressed
  file) gets replaced with the name of the uncompressed file, which is
  initially stored in the global file_outfile string.   file_outfile
  then gets set to a null string.
*/
{
    FILE *indiskfile, *outdiskfile;
    int status;
    char *cptr;

    /* open the compressed disk file */
    status = file_openfile(filename, READONLY, &indiskfile);
    if (status)
    {
        ffpmsg("failed to open compressed disk file (file_compress_open)");
        ffpmsg(filename);
        return(status);
    }

    /* name of the output uncompressed file is stored in the */
    /* global variable called 'file_outfile'.                */

    cptr = file_outfile;
    if (*cptr == '!')
    {
        /* clobber any existing file with the same name */
        cptr++;
        remove(cptr);
    }
    else
    {
        outdiskfile = fopen(file_outfile, "r"); /* does file already exist? */

        if (outdiskfile)
        {
          ffpmsg("uncompressed file already exists: (file_compress_open)");
          ffpmsg(file_outfile);
          fclose(outdiskfile);         /* close file and exit with error */
	  file_outfile[0] = '\0';
          return(FILE_NOT_CREATED); 
        }
    }

    outdiskfile = fopen(cptr, "w+b"); /* create new file */
    if (!outdiskfile)
    {
        ffpmsg("could not create uncompressed file: (file_compress_open)");
        ffpmsg(file_outfile);
	file_outfile[0] = '\0';
        return(FILE_NOT_CREATED); 
    }

    /* uncompress file into another file */
    uncompress2file(filename, indiskfile, outdiskfile, &status);
    fclose(indiskfile);
    fclose(outdiskfile);

    if (status)
    {
        ffpmsg("error in file_compress_open: failed to uncompressed file:");
        ffpmsg(filename);
        ffpmsg(" into new output file:");
        ffpmsg(file_outfile);
	file_outfile[0] = '\0';
        return(status);
    }

    strcpy(filename, cptr);  /* switch the names */
    file_outfile[0] = '\0';

    status = file_open(filename, rwmode, hdl);

    return(status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_is_compressed(char *filename) /* I - FITS file name          */
/*
  Test if the disk file is compressed.  Returns 1 if compressed, 0 if not.
  This may modify the filename string by appending a compression suffex.
*/
{
    FILE *diskfile;
    unsigned char buffer[2];
    char tmpfilename[FLEN_FILENAME];

    /* Open file.  Try various suffix combinations */  
    if (file_openfile(filename, 0, &diskfile))
    {
      if (strlen(filename) > FLEN_FILENAME - 5)
          return(0);

      strcpy(tmpfilename,filename);
      strcat(filename,".gz");
      if (file_openfile(filename, 0, &diskfile))
      {
#if HAVE_BZIP2
        strcpy(filename,tmpfilename);
        strcat(filename,".bz2");
        if (file_openfile(filename, 0, &diskfile))
        {
#endif
        strcpy(filename, tmpfilename);
        strcat(filename,".Z");
        if (file_openfile(filename, 0, &diskfile))
        {
          strcpy(filename, tmpfilename);
          strcat(filename,".z");   /* it's often lower case on CDROMs */
          if (file_openfile(filename, 0, &diskfile))
          {
            strcpy(filename, tmpfilename);
            strcat(filename,".zip");
            if (file_openfile(filename, 0, &diskfile))
            {
              strcpy(filename, tmpfilename);
              strcat(filename,"-z");      /* VMS suffix */
              if (file_openfile(filename, 0, &diskfile))
              {
                strcpy(filename, tmpfilename);
                strcat(filename,"-gz");    /* VMS suffix */
                if (file_openfile(filename, 0, &diskfile))
                {
                  strcpy(filename,tmpfilename);  /* restore original name */
                  return(0);    /* file not found */
                }
              }
            }
          }
        }
#if HAVE_BZIP2
        }
#endif
      }
    }

    if (fread(buffer, 1, 2, diskfile) != 2)  /* read 2 bytes */
    {
        fclose(diskfile);   /* error reading file so just return */
        return(0);
    }

    fclose(diskfile);

       /* see if the 2 bytes have the magic values for a compressed file */
    if ( (memcmp(buffer, "\037\213", 2) == 0) ||  /* GZIP  */
         (memcmp(buffer, "\120\113", 2) == 0) ||  /* PKZIP */
         (memcmp(buffer, "\037\036", 2) == 0) ||  /* PACK  */
         (memcmp(buffer, "\037\235", 2) == 0) ||  /* LZW   */
#if HAVE_BZIP2
         (memcmp(buffer, "BZ",       2) == 0) ||  /* BZip2 */
#endif
         (memcmp(buffer, "\037\240", 2) == 0))  /* LZH   */
        {
            return(1);  /* this is a compressed file */
        }
    else
        {
            return(0);  /* not a compressed file */
        }
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int file_checkfile (char *urltype, char *infile, char *outfile) 
{
    /* special case: if file:// driver, check if the file is compressed */
    if ( file_is_compressed(infile) )
    {
      /* if output file has been specified, save the name for future use: */
      /* This is the name of the uncompressed file to be created on disk. */
      if (strlen(outfile))
      {
        if (!strncmp(outfile, "mem:", 4) )
        {
           /* uncompress the file in memory, with READ and WRITE access */
           strcpy(urltype, "compressmem://");  /* use special driver */
           *file_outfile = '\0';  
        }
        else
        {
          strcpy(urltype, "compressfile://");  /* use special driver */

          /* don't copy the "file://" prefix, if present.  */
          if (!strncmp(outfile, "file://", 7) )
             strcpy(file_outfile,outfile+7);
          else
             strcpy(file_outfile,outfile);
        }
      }
      else
      {
        /* uncompress the file in memory */
        strcpy(urltype, "compress://");  /* use special driver */
        *file_outfile = '\0';  /* no output file was specified */
      }
    }
    else  /* an ordinary, uncompressed FITS file on disk */
    {
        /* save the output file name for later use when opening the file. */
        /* In this case, the file to be opened will be opened READONLY,   */
        /* and copied to this newly created output file.  The original file */
        /* will be closed, and the copy will be opened by CFITSIO for     */
        /* subsequent processing (possibly with READWRITE access).        */
        if (strlen(outfile)) {
	    file_outfile[0] = '\0';
            strncat(file_outfile,outfile,FLEN_FILENAME-1);
        }
    }

    return 0;
}
/**********************************************************************/
/**********************************************************************/
/**********************************************************************/

/****  driver routines for stream//: device (stdin or stdout)  ********/


/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int stream_open(char *filename, int rwmode, int *handle)
{
    /*
        read from stdin
    */
    if (filename)
      rwmode = 1;  /* dummy statement to suppress unused parameter compiler warning */

    *handle = 1;     /*  1 = stdin */   

    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int stream_create(char *filename, int *handle)
{
    /*
        write to stdout
    */

    if (filename)  /* dummy statement to suppress unused parameter compiler warning */
       *handle = 2;
    else
       *handle = 2;         /*  2 = stdout */       

    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int stream_size(int handle, LONGLONG *filesize)
/*
  return the size of the file in bytes
*/
{
    handle = 0;  /* suppress unused parameter compiler warning */
    
    /* this operation is not supported in a stream; return large value */
    *filesize = LONG_MAX;
    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int stream_close(int handle)
/*
     don't have to close stdin or stdout 
*/
{
    handle = 0;  /* suppress unused parameter compiler warning */
    
    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int stream_flush(int handle)
/*
  flush the file
*/
{
    if (handle == 2)
       fflush(stdout);  

    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int stream_seek(int handle, LONGLONG offset)
   /* 
      seeking is not allowed in a stream
   */
{
    offset = handle;  /* suppress unused parameter compiler warning */
    return(1);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int stream_read(int hdl, void *buffer, long nbytes)
/*
     reading from stdin stream 
*/

{
    long nread;
    
    if (hdl != 1)
       return(1);  /* can only read from stdin */

    nread = (long) fread(buffer, 1, nbytes, stdin);

    if (nread != nbytes)
    {
/*        return(READ_ERROR); */
        return(END_OF_FILE);
    }

    return(0);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int stream_write(int hdl, void *buffer, long nbytes)
/*
  write bytes at the current position in the file
*/
{
    if (hdl != 2)
       return(1);  /* can only write to stdout */

    if((long) fwrite(buffer, 1, nbytes, stdout) != nbytes)
        return(WRITE_ERROR);

    return(0);
}




cfitsio-4.3.1/cfitsio.pc.in0000644000225700000360000000051014335036354015040 0ustar  cagordonlheaprefix=@prefix@
exec_prefix=@exec_prefix@
libdir=@libdir@
includedir=@includedir@

Name: cfitsio
Description: FITS File Subroutine Library
URL: https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/fitsio/
Version: @CFITSIO_MAJOR@.@CFITSIO_MINOR@.@CFITSIO_MICRO@
Libs: -L${libdir} -lcfitsio
Libs.private: @LIBS_CURL@ @LIBS@ -lm
Cflags: -I${includedir}
cfitsio-4.3.1/testprog.out0000644000225700000360000007673713472024437015077 0ustar  cagordonlheaCFITSIO TESTPROG

Try opening then closing a nonexistent file:
  ffopen fptr, status  = 0 104 (expect an error)
  ffclos status = 115

ffinit create new file status = 0
Name of file = testprog.fit, I/O mode = 1

test writing of long string keywords:
 123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345
'12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678'
 1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234'6789012345
'1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234''67'
 1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234''789012345
'1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234'''''
 1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567'9012345
'1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567'
ffflus status = 0
HDU number = 1

Values read back from primary array (99 = null pixel)
The 1st, and every 4th pixel should be undefined:
 99  2  3 99  5  6  7 99  9 10 11 99 13 14 15 99 17 18 19 99  1 (ffgpvb)
 99  2  3 99  5  6  7 99  9 10 11 99 13 14 15 99 17 18 19 99  1 (ffgpvi)
 99  2  3 99  5  6  7 99  9 10 11 99 13 14 15 99 17 18 19 99  1 (ffgpvj)
 99  2  3 99  5  6  7 99  9 10 11 99 13 14 15 99 17 18 19 99  1 (ffgpve)
 99  2  3 99  5  6  7 99  9 10 11 99 13 14 15 99 17 18 19 99  1 (ffgpvd)
  *  2  3  *  5  6  7  *  9 10 11  * 13 14 15  * 17 18 19  *  1 (ffgpfb)
  *  2  3  *  5  6  7  *  9 10 11  * 13 14 15  * 17 18 19  *  1 (ffgpfi)
  *  2  3  *  5  6  7  *  9 10 11  * 13 14 15  * 17 18 19  *  1 (ffgpfj)
  *  2  3  *  5  6  7  *  9 10 11  * 13 14 15  * 17 18 19  *  1 (ffgpfe)
  *  2  3  *  5  6  7  *  9 10 11  * 13 14 15  * 17 18 19  *  1 (ffgpfd)

Closed then reopened the FITS file 10 times.
HDU number = 1
Name of file = testprog.fit, I/O mode = 1

Read back keywords:
simple = 1, bitpix = 32, naxis = 2, naxes = (10, 2)
  pcount = 0, gcount = 1, extend = 1
KEY_PREC= 'This keyword was written by fxprec' / comment goes here
KEY_PREC : 'This keyword was written by fxprec' : comment goes here :
KEY_PREC= 'This keyword was written by fxprec' / comment goes here
KY_PKNS1 : 'first string' : fxpkns comment :
KEY_PKYS value_string fxpkys comment 0
KEY_PKYL 1 fxpkyl comment 0
KEY_PKYJ 11 fxpkyj comment 0
KEY_PKYJ 11.000000 fxpkyj comment 0
KEY_PKYJ 11.000000 fxpkyj comment 0
KEY_PKY S value_string fxpkys comment 0
KEY_PKY L 1 fxpkyl comment 0
KEY_PKY BYTE 11 fxpkyj comment 0
KEY_PKY SHORT 11 fxpkyj comment 0
KEY_PKY INT 11 fxpkyj comment 0
KEY_PKY J 11 fxpkyj comment 0
KEY_PKY E 13.131310 fxpkye comment 0
KEY_PKY D 15.151515 fxpkyd comment 0
KEY_PKYF 12.121210 fxpkyf comment 0
KEY_PKYE 13.131310 fxpkye comment 0
KEY_PKYG 14.14141414141414 fxpkyg comment 0
KEY_PKYD 15.15151515151520 fxpkyd comment 0
KEY_PKYC 13.131310 14.141410 fxpkyc comment 0
KEY_PKFC 13.131313 14.141414 fxpkfc comment 0
KEY_PKYM 15.151515 16.161616 fxpkym comment 0
KEY_PKFM 15.151515 16.161616 fxpkfm comment 0
KEY_PKYT 12345678 0.12345678901235 fxpkyt comment 0
KEY_PKY J 11 [km/s/Mpc] fxpkyj comment 0
KEY_PKY units = km/s/Mpc
KEY_PKY J 11 fxpkyj comment 0
KEY_PKY units = 
KEY_PKY J 11 [feet/second/second] fxpkyj comment 0
KEY_PKY units = feet/second/second
KEY_PKLS long string value = 
This is a very long string value that is continued over more than one keyword.
header contains 65 keywords; located at keyword 27 
ffgkns:  first string, second string, 
ffgknl:  1, 0, 1
ffgknj:  11, 12, 13
ffgkne:  13.131310, 14.141410, 15.151520
ffgknd:  15.151515, 16.161616, 17.171717

Before deleting the HISTORY and DATE keywords...
COMMENT 
HISTORY 
DATE    
KY_PKNS1

After deleting the keywords...
COMMENT   This keyword was written by fxpcom.
KY_PKNS1= 'first string'       / fxpkns comment

After inserting the keywords...
COMMENT   This keyword was written by fxpcom.
KY_IREC = 'This keyword inserted by fxirec'
KY_IKYS = 'insert_value_string' / ikys comment
KY_IKYJ =                   49 / ikyj comment
KY_IKYL =                    T / ikyl comment
KY_IKYE =           1.2346E+01 / ikye comment
KY_IKYD = 1.23456789012346E+01 / ikyd comment
KY_IKYF =              12.3456 / ikyf comment
KY_IKYG =     12.3456789012346 / ikyg comment
KY_PKNS1= 'first string'       / fxpkns comment

After modifying the keywords...
COMMENT   This keyword was modified by fxmrec
KY_MREC = 'This keyword was modified by fxmcrd'
NEWIKYS = 'modified_string'    / ikys comment
KY_IKYJ =                   50 / This is a modified comment
KY_IKYL =                    F / ikyl comment
KY_IKYE =          -1.2346E+01 / ikye comment
KY_IKYD = -1.23456789012346E+01 / modified comment
KY_IKYF =             -12.3456 / ikyf comment
KY_IKYG =    -12.3456789012346 / ikyg comment
KY_PKNS1= 'first string'       / fxpkns comment

After updating the keywords...
COMMENT   This keyword was modified by fxmrec
KY_UCRD = 'This keyword was updated by fxucrd'
NEWIKYS = 'updated_string'     / ikys comment
KY_IKYJ =                   51 / This is a modified comment
KY_IKYL =                    T / ikyl comment
KY_IKYE =          -1.3346E+01 / ikye comment
KY_IKYD = -1.33456789012346E+01 / modified comment
KY_IKYF =             -13.3456 / ikyf comment
KY_IKYG =    -13.3456789012346 / ikyg comment
KY_PKNS1= 'first string'       / fxpkns comment

Keywords found using wildcard search (should be 13)...
KEY_PKYS= 'value_string'       / fxpkys comment
KEY_PKYL=                    T / fxpkyl comment
KEY_PKYJ=                   11 / [feet/second/second] fxpkyj comment
KEY_PKYF=             12.12121 / fxpkyf comment
KEY_PKYE=         1.313131E+01 / fxpkye comment
KEY_PKYG=    14.14141414141414 / fxpkyg comment
KEY_PKYD= 1.51515151515152E+01 / fxpkyd comment
KEY_PKYC= (1.313131E+01, 1.414141E+01) / fxpkyc comment
KEY_PKYM= (1.51515151515152E+01, 1.61616161616162E+01) / fxpkym comment
KEY_PKFC= (13.131313, 14.141414) / fxpkfc comment
KEY_PKFM= (15.15151515151515, 16.16161616161616) / fxpkfm comment
KEY_PKYT= 12345678.1234567890123456 / fxpkyt comment
NEWIKYS = 'updated_string'     / ikys comment

Copied keyword: ffgkne:  14.141410, 15.151520, 13.131310
Updated header using template file (ffpktp)

ffibin status = 0
HDU number = 2
header contains 33 keywords; located at keyword 1 
header contains 33 keywords with room for 74 more
TDIM3 = (1,2,8), 3, 1, 2, 8
ffpcl_ status = 0

Find the column numbers; a returned status value of 237 is
expected and indicates that more than one column name matches
the input column name template.  Status = 219 indicates that
there was no matching column name.
Column Xvalue is number 3; status = 0.
Column Avalue is number 1; status = 237.
Column Lvalue is number 2; status = 237.
Column Xvalue is number 3; status = 237.
Column Bvalue is number 4; status = 237.
Column Ivalue is number 5; status = 237.
Column Jvalue is number 6; status = 237.
Column Evalue is number 7; status = 237.
Column Dvalue is number 8; status = 237.
Column Cvalue is number 9; status = 237.
Column Mvalue is number 10; status = 237.
Column  is number 0; status = 219.

Information about each column:
 15A  16 15 15 Avalue, , A, 15, 1.000000, 0.000000, 1234554321, .
  1L  14  1  1 Lvalue, m**2, L, 1, 1.000000, 0.000000, 1234554321, .
 16X   1 16  1 Xvalue, cm, X, 16, 1.000000, 0.000000, 1234554321, .
  1B  11  1  1 Bvalue, erg/s, B, 1, 1.000000, 0.000000, 99, .
  1I  21  1  2 Ivalue, km/s, I, 1, 1.000000, 0.000000, 99, .
  1J  41  1  4 Jvalue, , J, 1, 1.000000, 0.000000, 99, .
  1E  42  1  4 Evalue, , E, 1, 1.000000, 0.000000, 1234554321, .
  1D  82  1  8 Dvalue, , D, 1, 1.000000, 0.000000, 1234554321, .
  1C  83  1  8 Cvalue, , C, 1, 1.000000, 0.000000, 1234554321, .
  1M 163  1 16 Mvalue, , M, 1, 1.000000, 0.000000, 1234554321, .

ffitab status = 0
HDU number = 2
ffpcl_ status = 0

ASCII table: rowlen, nrows, tfields, extname: 76 11 5 Test-ASCII
    Name   1      A15          
  Ivalue  17      I10     m**2 
  Fvalue  28    F14.6       cm 
  Evalue  43    E12.5    erg/s 
  Dvalue  56   D21.14     km/s 

Data values read from ASCII table:
   first string  1  1  1  1.0  1.0
  second string  2  2  2  2.0  2.0
                 3  3  3  3.0  3.0
      UNDEFINED  4  4  4  4.0  4.0
                 5  5  5  5.0  5.0
                 6  6  6  6.0  6.0
                 7  7  7  7.0  7.0
                 8  8  8  8.0  8.0
                 9  9  9  9.0  9.0
                10 10 10 10.0 10.0
                99 99 99 99.0 99.0

      1       1.000000  1.00000E+00  1.00000000000000E+00second string        

Column name is number 1; status = 0.
Column Ivalue is number 2; status = 237.
Column Fvalue is number 3; status = 237.
Column Evalue is number 4; status = 237.
Column Dvalue is number 5; status = 237.
Column  is number 0; status = 219.
 A15  16  1 15 Name, 1, , A15, 1.000000, 0.000000, null1, .
 I10  41  1 10 Ivalue, 17, m**2, I10, 1.000000, 0.000000, null2, .
F14.6  82  1 14 Fvalue, 28, cm, F14.6, 1.000000, 0.000000, null3, .
E12.5  42  1 12 Evalue, 43, erg/s, E12.5, 1.000000, 0.000000, null4, .
D21.14  82  1 21 Dvalue, 56, km/s, D21.14, 1.000000, 0.000000, null5, .


Data values after inserting 3 rows after row 2:
   first string  1  1  1  1.0  1.0
  second string  2  2  2  2.0  2.0
                 0  0  0  0.0  0.0
                 0  0  0  0.0  0.0
                 0  0  0  0.0  0.0
                 3  3  3  3.0  3.0
      UNDEFINED  4  4  4  4.0  4.0
                 5  5  5  5.0  5.0
                 6  6  6  6.0  6.0
                 7  7  7  7.0  7.0
                 8  8  8  8.0  8.0
                 9  9  9  9.0  9.0
                10 10 10 10.0 10.0
                99 99 99 99.0 99.0

Data values after deleting 2 rows at row 10:
   first string  1  1  1  1.0  1.0
  second string  2  2  2  2.0  2.0
                 0  0  0  0.0  0.0
                 0  0  0  0.0  0.0
                 0  0  0  0.0  0.0
                 3  3  3  3.0  3.0
      UNDEFINED  4  4  4  4.0  4.0
                 5  5  5  5.0  5.0
                 6  6  6  6.0  6.0
                 9  9  9  9.0  9.0
                10 10 10 10.0 10.0
                99 99 99 99.0 99.0

Data values after deleting column 3:
   first string  1  1  1.0  1.0
  second string  2  2  2.0  2.0
                 0  0  0.0  0.0
                 0  0  0.0  0.0
                 0  0  0.0  0.0
                 3  3  3.0  3.0
      UNDEFINED  4  4  4.0  4.0
                 5  5  5.0  5.0
                 6  6  6.0  6.0
                 9  9  9.0  9.0
                10 10 10.0 10.0
                99 99 99.0 99.0

Data values after inserting column 5:
   first string  1  1  1.0  1.0 0
  second string  2  2  2.0  2.0 0
                 0  0  0.0  0.0 0
                 0  0  0.0  0.0 0
                 0  0  0.0  0.0 0
                 3  3  3.0  3.0 0
      UNDEFINED  4  4  4.0  4.0 0
                 5  5  5.0  5.0 0
                 6  6  6.0  6.0 0
                 9  9  9.0  9.0 0
                10 10 10.0 10.0 0
                99 99 99.0 99.0 0
Create temporary file: ffinit status = 0

Create null primary array: ffiimg status = 0

Create ASCII table with 0 columns: ffitab status = 0
copy column, ffcpcl status = 0
copy column, ffcpcl status = 0
copy column, ffcpcl status = 0
copy column, ffcpcl status = 0

Create Binary table with 0 columns: ffibin status = 0
copy column, ffcpcl status = 0
copy column, ffcpcl status = 0
copy column, ffcpcl status = 0
copy column, ffcpcl status = 0
Delete the tmp file: ffdelt status = 0
HDU number = 3
header contains 38 keywords with room for 69 more

Binary table: nrows, tfields, extname, pcount: 21 10 Test-BINTABLE 0
  Avalue      15A          
  Lvalue       1L     m**2 
  Xvalue      16X       cm 
  Bvalue       1B    erg/s 
  Ivalue       1I     km/s 
  Jvalue       1J          
  Evalue       1E          
  Dvalue       1D          
  Cvalue       1C          
  Mvalue       1M          

Data values read from binary table:
  Bit column (X) data values: 

01001100 01110000 11110000 01111100 00000000 

null string column value = -- (should be --)

Read columns with ffgcv_:
   first string 0  76  1   1   1   1.0   1.0 (  1.0, -2.0) (  1.0, -2.0) 
  second string 1 112  2   2   2   2.0   2.0 (  3.0, -4.0) (  3.0, -4.0) 
                0 240  3   3   3   3.0   3.0 (  5.0, -6.0) (  5.0, -6.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 0 124  0  -4  -4  -4.0  -4.0 (  7.0, -8.0) (  7.0, -8.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 1   0  5   5   5   5.0   5.0 (  9.0,-10.0) (  9.0,-10.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 1   0  0  -6  -6  -6.0  -6.0 ( 11.0,-12.0) ( 11.0,-12.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 0   0  7   7   7   7.0   7.0 ( 13.0,-14.0) ( 13.0,-14.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 0   0  0  -8  -8  -8.0  -8.0 ( 15.0,-16.0) ( 15.0,-16.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 0   0  9   9   9   9.0   9.0 ( 17.0,-18.0) ( 17.0,-18.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 1   0  0 -10 -10 -10.0 -10.0 ( 19.0,-20.0) ( 19.0,-20.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 0   0 98  98  98  98.0  98.0 (  0.0,  0.0) (  0.0,  0.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 1   0 12  12  12  12.0  12.0 (  0.0,  0.0) (  0.0,  0.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 0   0 98  98  98  98.0  98.0 (  0.0,  0.0) (  0.0,  0.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 0   0  0 -14 -14 -14.0 -14.0 (  0.0,  0.0) (  0.0,  0.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 0   0 98  98  98  98.0  98.0 (  0.0,  0.0) (  0.0,  0.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 0   0  0 -16 -16 -16.0 -16.0 (  0.0,  0.0) (  0.0,  0.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 1   0 98  98  98  98.0  98.0 (  0.0,  0.0) (  0.0,  0.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 1   0  0 -18 -18 -18.0 -18.0 (  0.0,  0.0) (  0.0,  0.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 1   0 98  98  98  98.0  98.0 (  0.0,  0.0) (  0.0,  0.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 1   0  0 -20 -20 -20.0 -20.0 (  0.0,  0.0) (  0.0,  0.0) 
    NOT DEFINED 0   0 98  98  98  98.0  98.0 (  0.0,  0.0) (  0.0,  0.0) 

Read columns with ffgcf_:
   first string 0  76  1   1   1   1.0   1.0 (  1.0, -2.0) (  1.0, -2.0)
  second string 1 112  2   2   2   2.0   2.0 (  3.0, -4.0) (  3.0, -4.0)
                0 240  3   3   3   3.0   3.0 (  5.0, -6.0) (  5.0, -6.0)
                0 124  0  -4  -4  -4.0  -4.0 (  7.0, -8.0) (  7.0, -8.0)
                1   0  5   5   5   5.0   5.0 (  9.0,-10.0) (  9.0,-10.0)
                1   0  0  -6  -6  -6.0  -6.0 ( 11.0,-12.0) ( 11.0,-12.0)
                0   0  7   7   7   7.0   7.0 ( 13.0,-14.0) ( 13.0,-14.0)
                0   0  0  -8  -8  -8.0  -8.0 ( 15.0,-16.0) ( 15.0,-16.0)
                0   0  9   9   9   9.0   9.0 ( 17.0,-18.0) ( 17.0,-18.0)
                1   0  0 -10 -10 -10.0 -10.0 ( 19.0,-20.0) ( 19.0,-20.0)
                0   0 99  99 
                1   0 12  12 
                0   0 99  99 
                0   0  0 -14 
                0   0 99  99 
                0   0  0 -16 
                1   0 99  99 
                1   0  0 -18 
                1   0 99  99 
                1   0  0 -20 
                0   0 99  99 

Data values after inserting 3 rows after row 2:
   first string  1   1   1   1.0   1.0
  second string  2   2   2   2.0   2.0
    NOT DEFINED  0   0   0   0.0   0.0
    NOT DEFINED  0   0   0   0.0   0.0
    NOT DEFINED  0   0   0   0.0   0.0
                 3   3   3   3.0   3.0
    NOT DEFINED  0  -4  -4  -4.0  -4.0
    NOT DEFINED  5   5   5   5.0   5.0
    NOT DEFINED  0  -6  -6  -6.0  -6.0
    NOT DEFINED  7   7   7   7.0   7.0
    NOT DEFINED  0  -8  -8  -8.0  -8.0
    NOT DEFINED  9   9   9   9.0   9.0
    NOT DEFINED  0 -10 -10 -10.0 -10.0
    NOT DEFINED 98  98  98  98.0  98.0

Data values after deleting 2 rows at row 10:
   first string  1   1   1   1.0   1.0
  second string  2   2   2   2.0   2.0
    NOT DEFINED  0   0   0   0.0   0.0
    NOT DEFINED  0   0   0   0.0   0.0
    NOT DEFINED  0   0   0   0.0   0.0
                 3   3   3   3.0   3.0
    NOT DEFINED  0  -4  -4  -4.0  -4.0
    NOT DEFINED  5   5   5   5.0   5.0
    NOT DEFINED  0  -6  -6  -6.0  -6.0
    NOT DEFINED  9   9   9   9.0   9.0
    NOT DEFINED  0 -10 -10 -10.0 -10.0
    NOT DEFINED 98  98  98  98.0  98.0

Data values after deleting column 6:
   first string  1   1   1.0   1.0
  second string  2   2   2.0   2.0
    NOT DEFINED  0   0   0.0   0.0
    NOT DEFINED  0   0   0.0   0.0
    NOT DEFINED  0   0   0.0   0.0
                 3   3   3.0   3.0
    NOT DEFINED  0  -4  -4.0  -4.0
    NOT DEFINED  5   5   5.0   5.0
    NOT DEFINED  0  -6  -6.0  -6.0
    NOT DEFINED  9   9   9.0   9.0
    NOT DEFINED  0 -10 -10.0 -10.0
    NOT DEFINED 98  98  98.0  98.0

Data values after inserting column 8:
   first string  1   1   1.0   1.0 0
  second string  2   2   2.0   2.0 0
    NOT DEFINED  0   0   0.0   0.0 0
    NOT DEFINED  0   0   0.0   0.0 0
    NOT DEFINED  0   0   0.0   0.0 0
                 3   3   3.0   3.0 0
    NOT DEFINED  0  -4  -4.0  -4.0 0
    NOT DEFINED  5   5   5.0   5.0 0
    NOT DEFINED  0  -6  -6.0  -6.0 0
    NOT DEFINED  9   9   9.0   9.0 0
    NOT DEFINED  0 -10 -10.0 -10.0 0
    NOT DEFINED 98  98  98.0  98.0 0

Values after setting 1st 10 elements in column 8 = null:
   first string  1   1   1.0   1.0 98
  second string  2   2   2.0   2.0 98
    NOT DEFINED  0   0   0.0   0.0 98
    NOT DEFINED  0   0   0.0   0.0 98
    NOT DEFINED  0   0   0.0   0.0 98
                 3   3   3.0   3.0 98
    NOT DEFINED  0  -4  -4.0  -4.0 98
    NOT DEFINED  5   5   5.0   5.0 98
    NOT DEFINED  0  -6  -6.0  -6.0 98
    NOT DEFINED  9   9   9.0   9.0 98
    NOT DEFINED  0 -10 -10.0 -10.0 0
    NOT DEFINED 98  98  98.0  98.0 0
Create temporary file: ffinit status = 0

Create null primary array: ffiimg status = 0

Create binary table with 0 columns: ffibin status = 0
copy column, ffcpcl status = 0
copy column, ffcpcl status = 0
copy column, ffcpcl status = 0
copy column, ffcpcl status = 0
copy column, ffcpcl status = 0
copy column, ffcpcl status = 0
copy column, ffcpcl status = 0
Delete the tmp file: ffdelt status = 0
ffibin status = 0
HDU number = 2
      0   1000  10000  33000  66000   -999
      0   1000  10000  32768  65535   -999
      0   1000  10000  32800  65500   -999

      0      1     10     33     66   -999
 -32768 -31768 -22768      0  32767   -999
     -1      9     99    327    654   -999

Create image extension: ffiimg status = 0
HDU number = 3

Wrote whole 2D array: ffp2di status = 0

Read whole 2D array: ffg2di status = 0
   0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11  12  13  14   0   0   0   0
  10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20  21  22  23  24   0   0   0   0
  20  21  22  23  24  25  26  27  28  29  30  31  32  33  34   0   0   0   0
  30  31  32  33  34  35  36  37  38  39  40  41  42  43  44   0   0   0   0
  40  41  42  43  44  45  46  47  48  49  50  51  52  53  54   0   0   0   0
  50  51  52  53  54  55  56  57  58  59  60  61  62  63  64   0   0   0   0
  60  61  62  63  64  65  66  67  68  69  70  71  72  73  74   0   0   0   0
  70  71  72  73  74  75  76  77  78  79  80  81  82  83  84   0   0   0   0
  80  81  82  83  84  85  86  87  88  89  90  91  92  93  94   0   0   0   0
  90  91  92  93  94  95  96  97  98  99 100 101 102 103 104   0   0   0   0
 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114   0   0   0   0
 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124   0   0   0   0
 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134   0   0   0   0
 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144   0   0   0   0
 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154   0   0   0   0
 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164   0   0   0   0
 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174   0   0   0   0
 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184   0   0   0   0
 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194   0   0   0   0
 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204   0   0   0   0
 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214   0   0   0   0
 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224   0   0   0   0
 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234   0   0   0   0
 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244   0   0   0   0
 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254   0   0   0   0
   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0

Wrote subset 2D array: ffpssi status = 0

Read whole 2D array: ffg2di status = 0
   0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11  12  13  14   0   0   0   0
  10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20  21  22  23  24   0   0   0   0
  20  21  22  23  24  25  26  27  28  29  30  31  32  33  34   0   0   0   0
  30  31  32  33  34  35  36  37  38  39  40  41  42  43  44   0   0   0   0
  40  41  42  43   0  -1  -2  -3  -4  -5  -6  -7  -8  -9  54   0   0   0   0
  50  51  52  53 -10 -11 -12 -13 -14 -15 -16 -17 -18 -19  64   0   0   0   0
  60  61  62  63 -20 -21 -22 -23 -24 -25 -26 -27 -28 -29  74   0   0   0   0
  70  71  72  73 -30 -31 -32 -33 -34 -35 -36 -37 -38 -39  84   0   0   0   0
  80  81  82  83 -40 -41 -42 -43 -44 -45 -46 -47 -48 -49  94   0   0   0   0
  90  91  92  93 -50 -51 -52 -53 -54 -55 -56 -57 -58 -59 104   0   0   0   0
 100 101 102 103 -60 -61 -62 -63 -64 -65 -66 -67 -68 -69 114   0   0   0   0
 110 111 112 113 -70 -71 -72 -73 -74 -75 -76 -77 -78 -79 124   0   0   0   0
 120 121 122 123 -80 -81 -82 -83 -84 -85 -86 -87 -88 -89 134   0   0   0   0
 130 131 132 133 -90 -91 -92 -93 -94 -95 -96 -97 -98 -99 144   0   0   0   0
 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154   0   0   0   0
 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164   0   0   0   0
 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174   0   0   0   0
 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184   0   0   0   0
 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194   0   0   0   0
 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204   0   0   0   0
 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214   0   0   0   0
 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224   0   0   0   0
 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234   0   0   0   0
 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244   0   0   0   0
 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254   0   0   0   0
   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0

Read subset of 2D array: ffgsvi status = 0
  41  43  -1  -3  -5  71  73 -31 -33 -35

Create image extension: ffiimg status = 0
HDU number = 4
Create temporary file: ffinit status = 0
Copy image extension to primary array of tmp file.
ffcopy status = 0
SIMPLE  =                    T / file does conform to FITS standard
BITPIX  =                   16 / number of bits per data pixel
NAXIS   =                    2 / number of data axes
NAXIS1  =                   15 / length of data axis 1
NAXIS2  =                   25 / length of data axis 2
EXTEND  =                    T / FITS dataset may contain extensions
Delete the tmp file: ffdelt status = 0
Delete the image extension; hdutype, status = 1 0
HDU number = 4
ffcrhd status = 0
Variable length arrays: ffphbn status = 0
ffpcl_ status = 0
PCOUNT = 4446
HDU number = 6
A   0
L  0 0
X  0 0
B  1 0
I  1 0
J  1 0
E  1 0
D  1 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 1 14
A ab 0
L  0  1 0
X  0  1 0
B 99  2 0
I 99  2 0
J 99  2 0
E 99  2 0
D 99  2 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 2 49
A abc 0
L  0  0  0 0
X  0  1  0 0
B  1 99  3 0
I  1 99  3 0
J  1 99  3 0
E  1 99  3 0
D  1 99  3 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 3 105
A abcd 0
L  0  1  0  0 0
X  0  1  0  0 0
B  1  2 99  4 0
I  1  2 99  4 0
J  1  2 99  4 0
E  1  2 99  4 0
D  1  2 99  4 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 4 182
A abcde 0
L  0  1  0  0  1 0
X  0  1  0  0  1 0
B  1  2  3 99  5 0
I  1  2  3 99  5 0
J  1  2  3 99  5 0
E  1  2  3 99  5 0
D  1  2  3 99  5 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 5 280
A abcdef 0
L  0  1  0  0  0  1 0
X  0  1  0  0  1  1 0
B  1  2  3  4 99  6 0
I  1  2  3  4 99  6 0
J  1  2  3  4 99  6 0
E  1  2  3  4 99  6 0
D  1  2  3  4 99  6 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 6 399
A abcdefg 0
L  0  1  0  0  1  0  0 0
X  0  1  0  0  1  1  0 0
B  1  2  3  4  5 99  7 0
I  1  2  3  4  5 99  7 0
J  1  2  3  4  5 99  7 0
E  1  2  3  4  5 99  7 0
D  1  2  3  4  5 99  7 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 7 539
A abcdefgh 0
L  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0 0
X  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0 0
B  1  2  3  4  5  6 99  8 0
I  1  2  3  4  5  6 99  8 0
J  1  2  3  4  5  6 99  8 0
E  1  2  3  4  5  6 99  8 0
D  1  2  3  4  5  6 99  8 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 8 700
A abcdefghi 0
L  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0 0
X  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0 0
B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7 99  9 0
I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7 99  9 0
J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7 99  9 0
E  1  2  3  4  5  6  7 99  9 0
D  1  2  3  4  5  6  7 99  9 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 9 883
A abcdefghij 0
L  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1 0
X  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1 0
B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8 99 10 0
I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8 99 10 0
J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8 99 10 0
E  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8 99 10 0
D  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8 99 10 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 10 1087
A abcdefghijk 0
L  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  0  1 0
X  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1 0
B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 99 11 0
I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 99 11 0
J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 99 11 0
E  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 99 11 0
D  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 99 11 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 11 1312
A abcdefghijkl 0
L  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  0  1 0
X  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1 0
B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 99 12 0
I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 99 12 0
J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 99 12 0
E  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 99 12 0
D  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 99 12 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 12 1558
A abcdefghijklm 0
L  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  0  0 0
X  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1  0 0
B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 99 13 0
I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 99 13 0
J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 99 13 0
E  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 99 13 0
D  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 99 13 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 13 1825
A abcdefghijklmn 0
L  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1  0  0 0
X  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1  0  0 0
B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 99 14 0
I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 99 14 0
J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 99 14 0
E  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 99 14 0
D  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 99 14 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 14 2113
A abcdefghijklmno 0
L  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1  0  0  0 0
X  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1  0  0  0 0
B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 99 15 0
I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 99 15 0
J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 99 15 0
E  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 99 15 0
D  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 99 15 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 15 2422
A abcdefghijklmnop 0
L  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1  0  0  0  0 0
X  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1  0  0  0  0 0
B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 99 16 0
I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 99 16 0
J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 99 16 0
E  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 99 16 0
D  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 99 16 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 16 2752
A abcdefghijklmnopq 0
L  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1  0  0  0  0  1 0
X  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1  0  0  0  0  1 0
B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 99 17 0
I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 99 17 0
J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 99 17 0
E  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 99 17 0
D  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 99 17 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 17 3104
A abcdefghijklmnopqr 0
L  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1  0  0  0  0  0  1 0
X  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1  0  0  0  0  1  1 0
B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 99 18 0
I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 99 18 0
J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 99 18 0
E  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 99 18 0
D  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 99 18 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 18 3477
A abcdefghijklmnopqrs 0
L  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1  0  0  0  0  1  0  1 0
X  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1  0  0  0  0  1  1  1 0
B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 99 19 0
I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 99 19 0
J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 99 19 0
E  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 99 19 0
D  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 99 19 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 19 3871
A abcdefghijklmnopqrst 0
L  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1  0  0  0  0  1  1  0  1 0
X  0  1  0  0  1  1  0  0  0  1  1  1  0  0  0  0  1  1  1  1 0
B  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 99 20 0
I  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 99 20 0
J  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 99 20 0
E  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 99 20 0
D  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 99 20 0
Column 8 repeat and offset = 20 4286

ffcrim status = 0
ffppr status = 0

Image values written with ffppr and read with ffgpv:
  0  2  4  6  8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26  0 (byte)
  0  2  4  6  8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26  0 (short)
  0  2  4  6  8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26  0 (int)
  0  2  4  6  8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26  0 (long)
  0  2  4  6  8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26  0 (float)
  0  2  4  6  8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26  0 (double)

Wrote WCS keywords status = 0
Read WCS keywords with ffgics status = 0
  CRVAL1, CRVAL2 =  45.830000000000,  63.570000000000
  CRPIX1, CRPIX2 = 256.000000000000, 257.000000000000
  CDELT1, CDELT2 =  -0.002777770000,   0.002777770000
  Rotation =      0.000, CTYPE = -TAN
Calculated sky coordinate with ffwldp status = 0
  Pixels (  0.5000,  0.5000) --> (  47.385204,   62.848968) Sky
Calculated pixel coordinate with ffxypx status = 0
  Sky (  47.385204,   62.848968) --> (  0.5000,  0.5000) Pixels

ffcrtb status = 0
ffpcl status = 0

Column values written with ffpcl and read with ffgcl:
  0  3  6  9 12 15 18 21 24 27  0 (byte)
  0  3  6  9 12 15 18 21 24 27  0 (short)
  0  3  6  9 12 15 18 21 24 27  0 (int)
  0  3  6  9 12 15 18 21 24 27  0 (long)
  0  3  6  9 12 15 18 21 24 27  0 (float)
  0  3  6  9 12 15 18 21 24 27  0 (double)

Repeatedly move to the 1st 4 HDUs of the file:
12343123431234312343123431234312343123431234312343
Move to extensions by name and version number: (ffmnhd)
 Test-BINTABLE, 1 = hdu 5, 0
 Test-BINTABLE, 3 = hdu 2, 0
 Test-BINTABLE, 4 = hdu 6, 0
 Test-ASCII, 2 = hdu 4, 0
 new_table, 5 = hdu 8, 0
 Test-BINTABLE, 0 = hdu 2, 0
 Test-BINTABLE, 17 = hdu 2, 301 (expect a 301 error status here)
Total number of HDUs in the file = 8

Encode checksum: 1234567890 -> dCW2fBU0dBU0dBU0
Decode checksum: dCW2fBU0dBU0dBU0 -> 1234567890
DATASUM = '475248536'         
ffgcks data checksum, status = 475248536, 0
ffvcks datastatus, hdustatus, status = 1 1 0
ffupck status = 0
DATASUM = '475248536'         
ffvcks datastatus, hdustatus, status = 1 1 0
ffclos status = 0

Normally, there should be 8 error messages on the stack
all regarding 'numerical overflows':
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.
 Numerical overflow during type conversion while writing FITS data.

Status = 0: OK - no error
cfitsio-4.3.1/iraffits.c0000644000225700000360000016066113472024437014440 0ustar  cagordonlhea/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*                                                                        */
/*  These routines have been modified by William Pence for use by CFITSIO */
/*        The original files were provided by Doug Mink                   */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* File imhfile.c
 * August 6, 1998
 * By Doug Mink, based on Mike VanHilst's readiraf.c

 * Module:      imhfile.c (IRAF .imh image file reading and writing)
 * Purpose:     Read and write IRAF image files (and translate headers)
 * Subroutine:  irafrhead (filename, lfhead, fitsheader, lihead)
 *              Read IRAF image header
 * Subroutine:  irafrimage (fitsheader)
 *              Read IRAF image pixels (call after irafrhead)
 * Subroutine:	same_path (pixname, hdrname)
 *		Put filename and header path together
 * Subroutine:	iraf2fits (hdrname, irafheader, nbiraf, nbfits)
 *		Convert IRAF image header to FITS image header
 * Subroutine:  irafgeti4 (irafheader, offset)
 *		Get 4-byte integer from arbitrary part of IRAF header
 * Subroutine:  irafgetc2 (irafheader, offset)
 *		Get character string from arbitrary part of IRAF v.1 header
 * Subroutine:  irafgetc (irafheader, offset)
 *		Get character string from arbitrary part of IRAF header
 * Subroutine:  iraf2str (irafstring, nchar)
 * 		Convert 2-byte/char IRAF string to 1-byte/char string
 * Subroutine:	irafswap (bitpix,string,nbytes)
 *		Swap bytes in string in place, with FITS bits/pixel code
 * Subroutine:	irafswap2 (string,nbytes)
 *		Swap bytes in string in place
 * Subroutine	irafswap4 (string,nbytes)
 *		Reverse bytes of Integer*4 or Real*4 vector in place
 * Subroutine	irafswap8 (string,nbytes)
 *		Reverse bytes of Real*8 vector in place


 * Copyright:   2000 Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
 *              You may do anything you like with this file except remove
 *              this copyright.  The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
 *              makes no representations about the suitability of this
 *              software for any purpose.  It is provided "as is" without
 *              express or implied warranty.
 */

#include "fitsio2.h"
#include 		/* define stderr, FD, and NULL */
#include 
#include   /* stddef.h is apparently needed to define size_t */
#include 

#define FILE_NOT_OPENED 104

/* Parameters from iraf/lib/imhdr.h for IRAF version 1 images */
#define SZ_IMPIXFILE	 79		/* name of pixel storage file */
#define SZ_IMHDRFILE	 79   		/* length of header storage file */
#define SZ_IMTITLE	 79		/* image title string */
#define LEN_IMHDR	2052		/* length of std header */

/* Parameters from iraf/lib/imhdr.h for IRAF version 2 images */
#define	SZ_IM2PIXFILE	255		/* name of pixel storage file */
#define	SZ_IM2HDRFILE	255		/* name of header storage file */
#define	SZ_IM2TITLE	383		/* image title string */
#define LEN_IM2HDR	2046		/* length of std header */

/* Offsets into header in bytes for parameters in IRAF version 1 images */
#define IM_HDRLEN	 12		/* Length of header in 4-byte ints */
#define IM_PIXTYPE       16             /* Datatype of the pixels */
#define IM_NDIM          20             /* Number of dimensions */
#define IM_LEN           24             /* Length (as stored) */
#define IM_PHYSLEN       52             /* Physical length (as stored) */
#define IM_PIXOFF        88             /* Offset of the pixels */
#define IM_CTIME        108             /* Time of image creation */
#define IM_MTIME        112             /* Time of last modification */
#define IM_LIMTIME      116             /* Time of min,max computation */
#define IM_MAX          120             /* Maximum pixel value */
#define IM_MIN          124             /* Maximum pixel value */
#define IM_PIXFILE      412             /* Name of pixel storage file */
#define IM_HDRFILE      572             /* Name of header storage file */
#define IM_TITLE        732             /* Image name string */

/* Offsets into header in bytes for parameters in IRAF version 2 images */
#define IM2_HDRLEN	  6		/* Length of header in 4-byte ints */
#define IM2_PIXTYPE      10             /* Datatype of the pixels */
#define IM2_SWAPPED      14             /* Pixels are byte swapped */
#define IM2_NDIM         18             /* Number of dimensions */
#define IM2_LEN          22             /* Length (as stored) */
#define IM2_PHYSLEN      50             /* Physical length (as stored) */
#define IM2_PIXOFF       86             /* Offset of the pixels */
#define IM2_CTIME       106             /* Time of image creation */
#define IM2_MTIME       110             /* Time of last modification */
#define IM2_LIMTIME     114             /* Time of min,max computation */
#define IM2_MAX         118             /* Maximum pixel value */
#define IM2_MIN         122             /* Maximum pixel value */
#define IM2_PIXFILE     126             /* Name of pixel storage file */
#define IM2_HDRFILE     382             /* Name of header storage file */
#define IM2_TITLE       638             /* Image name string */

/* Codes from iraf/unix/hlib/iraf.h */
#define	TY_CHAR		2
#define	TY_SHORT	3
#define	TY_INT		4
#define	TY_LONG		5
#define	TY_REAL		6
#define	TY_DOUBLE	7
#define	TY_COMPLEX	8
#define TY_POINTER      9
#define TY_STRUCT       10
#define TY_USHORT       11
#define TY_UBYTE        12

#define LEN_PIXHDR	1024
#define MAXINT  2147483647 /* Biggest number that can fit in long */

static int isirafswapped(char *irafheader, int offset);
static int irafgeti4(char *irafheader, int offset);
static char *irafgetc2(char *irafheader, int offset, int nc);
static char *irafgetc(char *irafheader,	int offset, int	nc);
static char *iraf2str(char *irafstring, int nchar);
static char *irafrdhead(const char *filename, int *lihead);
static int irafrdimage (char **buffptr, size_t *buffsize,
    size_t *filesize, int *status);
static int iraftofits (char *hdrname, char *irafheader, int nbiraf,
    char **buffptr, size_t *nbfits, size_t *fitssize, int *status);
static char *same_path(char *pixname, const char *hdrname);

static int swaphead=0;	/* =1 to swap data bytes of IRAF header values */
static int swapdata=0;  /* =1 to swap bytes in IRAF data pixels */

static void irafswap(int bitpix, char *string, int nbytes);
static void irafswap2(char *string, int nbytes);
static void irafswap4(char *string, int nbytes);
static void irafswap8(char *string, int nbytes);
static int pix_version (char *irafheader);
static int irafncmp (char *irafheader, char *teststring, int nc);
static int machswap(void);
static int head_version (char *irafheader);
static int hgeti4(char* hstring, char* keyword, int* val);
static int hgets(char* hstring, char* keyword, int lstr, char* string);
static char* hgetc(char* hstring, char* keyword);
static char* ksearch(char* hstring, char* keyword);
static char *blsearch (char* hstring, char* keyword);	
static char *strsrch (char* s1,	char* s2);
static char *strnsrch (	char* s1,char* s2,int ls1);
static void hputi4(char* hstring,char* keyword,	int ival);
static void hputs(char* hstring,char* keyword,char* cval);
static void hputcom(char* hstring,char* keyword,char* comment);
static void hputl(char* hstring,char* keyword,int lval);
static void hputc(char* hstring,char* keyword,char* cval);
static int getirafpixname (const char *hdrname, char *irafheader, char *pixfilename, int *status);
int iraf2mem(char *filename, char **buffptr, size_t *buffsize, 
      size_t *filesize, int *status);

void ffpmsg(const char *err_message);

/* CFITS_API is defined below for use on Windows systems.  */
/* It is used to identify the public functions which should be exported. */
/* This has no effect on non-windows platforms where "WIN32" is not defined */

/* this is only needed to export the "fits_delete_iraf_file" symbol, which */
/* is called in fpackutil.c (and perhaps in other applications programs) */

#if defined (WIN32)
  #if defined(cfitsio_EXPORTS)
    #define CFITS_API __declspec(dllexport)
  #else
    #define CFITS_API //__declspec(dllimport)
  #endif /* CFITS_API */
#else /* defined (WIN32) */
 #define CFITS_API
#endif

int CFITS_API fits_delete_iraf_file(const char *filename, int *status);


/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fits_delete_iraf_file(const char *filename,  /* name of input file      */
             int *status)                        /* IO - error status       */

/*
   Delete the iraf .imh header file and the associated .pix data file
*/
{
    char *irafheader;
    int lenirafhead;

    char pixfilename[SZ_IM2PIXFILE+1];

    /* read IRAF header into dynamically created char array (free it later!) */
    irafheader = irafrdhead(filename, &lenirafhead);

    if (!irafheader)
    {
	return(*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED);
    }

    getirafpixname (filename, irafheader, pixfilename, status);

    /* don't need the IRAF header any more */
    free(irafheader);

    if (*status > 0)
       return(*status);

    remove(filename);
    remove(pixfilename);
    
    return(*status);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iraf2mem(char *filename,     /* name of input file                 */
             char **buffptr,     /* O - memory pointer (initially NULL)    */
             size_t *buffsize,   /* O - size of mem buffer, in bytes        */
             size_t *filesize,   /* O - size of FITS file, in bytes         */
             int *status)        /* IO - error status                       */

/*
   Driver routine that reads an IRAF image into memory, also converting
   it into FITS format.
*/
{
    char *irafheader;
    int lenirafhead;

    *buffptr = NULL;
    *buffsize = 0;
    *filesize = 0;

    /* read IRAF header into dynamically created char array (free it later!) */
    irafheader = irafrdhead(filename, &lenirafhead);

    if (!irafheader)
    {
	return(*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED);
    }

    /* convert IRAF header to FITS header in memory */
    iraftofits(filename, irafheader, lenirafhead, buffptr, buffsize, filesize,
               status);

    /* don't need the IRAF header any more */
    free(irafheader);

    if (*status > 0)
       return(*status);

    *filesize = (((*filesize - 1) / 2880 ) + 1 ) * 2880; /* multiple of 2880 */

    /* append the image data onto the FITS header */
    irafrdimage(buffptr, buffsize, filesize, status);

    return(*status);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Subroutine:	irafrdhead  (was irafrhead in D. Mink's original code)
 * Purpose:	Open and read the iraf .imh file.
 * Returns:	NULL if failure, else pointer to IRAF .imh image header
 * Notes:	The imhdr format is defined in iraf/lib/imhdr.h, some of
 *		which defines or mimicked, above.
 */

static char *irafrdhead (
    const char *filename,  /* Name of IRAF header file */
    int *lihead)           /* Length of IRAF image header in bytes (returned) */
{
    FILE *fd;
    int nbr;
    char *irafheader;
    char errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    long nbhead;
    int nihead;

    *lihead = 0;

    /* open the image header file */
    fd = fopen (filename, "rb");
    if (fd == NULL) {
        ffpmsg("unable to open IRAF header file:");
        ffpmsg(filename);
	return (NULL);
	}

    /* Find size of image header file */
    if (fseek(fd, 0, 2) != 0)  /* move to end of the file */
    {
        ffpmsg("IRAFRHEAD: cannot seek in file:");
        ffpmsg(filename);
        return(NULL);
    }

    nbhead = ftell(fd);     /* position = size of file */
    if (nbhead < 0)
    {
        ffpmsg("IRAFRHEAD: cannot get pos. in file:");
        ffpmsg(filename);
        return(NULL);
    }

    if (fseek(fd, 0, 0) != 0) /* move back to beginning */
    {
        ffpmsg("IRAFRHEAD: cannot seek to beginning of file:");
        ffpmsg(filename);
        return(NULL);
    }

    /* allocate initial sized buffer */
    nihead = nbhead + 5000;
    irafheader = (char *) calloc (1, nihead);
    if (irafheader == NULL) {
	snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"IRAFRHEAD Cannot allocate %d-byte header",
		      nihead);
        ffpmsg(errmsg);
        ffpmsg(filename);
	return (NULL);
	}
    *lihead = nihead;

    /* Read IRAF header */
    nbr = fread (irafheader, 1, nbhead, fd);
    fclose (fd);

    /* Reject if header less than minimum length */
    if (nbr < LEN_PIXHDR) {
	snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"IRAFRHEAD header file: %d / %d bytes read.",
		      nbr,LEN_PIXHDR);
        ffpmsg(errmsg);
        ffpmsg(filename);
	free (irafheader);
	return (NULL);
	}

    return (irafheader);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static int irafrdimage (
    char **buffptr,	/* FITS image header (filled) */
    size_t *buffsize,      /* allocated size of the buffer */
    size_t *filesize,      /* actual size of the FITS file */
    int *status)
{
    FILE *fd;
    char *bang;
    int nax = 1, naxis1 = 1, naxis2 = 1, naxis3 = 1, naxis4 = 1, npaxis1 = 1, npaxis2;
    int bitpix, bytepix, i;
    char *fitsheader, *image;
    int nbr, nbimage, nbaxis, nbl, nbdiff;
    char *pixheader;
    char *linebuff;
    int imhver, lpixhead = 0;
    char pixname[SZ_IM2PIXFILE+1];
    char errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    size_t newfilesize;
 
    fitsheader = *buffptr;           /* pointer to start of header */

    /* Convert pixel file name to character string */
    hgets (fitsheader, "PIXFILE", SZ_IM2PIXFILE, pixname);
    hgeti4 (fitsheader, "PIXOFF", &lpixhead);

    /* Open pixel file, ignoring machine name if present */
    if ((bang = strchr (pixname, '!')) != NULL )
	fd = fopen (bang + 1, "rb");
    else
	fd = fopen (pixname, "rb");

    /* Print error message and exit if pixel file is not found */
    if (!fd) {
        ffpmsg("IRAFRIMAGE: Cannot open IRAF pixel file:");
        ffpmsg(pixname);
	return (*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED);
	}

    /* Read pixel header */
    pixheader = (char *) calloc (lpixhead, 1);
    if (pixheader == NULL) {
            ffpmsg("IRAFRIMAGE: Cannot alloc memory for pixel header");
            ffpmsg(pixname);
            fclose (fd);
	    return (*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED);
	}
    nbr = fread (pixheader, 1, lpixhead, fd);

    /* Check size of pixel header */
    if (nbr < lpixhead) {
	snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"IRAF pixel file: %d / %d bytes read.",
		      nbr,LEN_PIXHDR);
        ffpmsg(errmsg);
	free (pixheader);
	fclose (fd);
	return (*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED);
	}

    /* check pixel header magic word */
    imhver = pix_version (pixheader);
    if (imhver < 1) {
        ffpmsg("File not valid IRAF pixel file:");
        ffpmsg(pixname);
	free (pixheader);
	fclose (fd);
	return (*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED);
	}
    free (pixheader);

    /* Find number of bytes to read */
    hgeti4 (fitsheader,"NAXIS",&nax);
    hgeti4 (fitsheader,"NAXIS1",&naxis1);
    hgeti4 (fitsheader,"NPAXIS1",&npaxis1);
    if (nax > 1) {
        hgeti4 (fitsheader,"NAXIS2",&naxis2);
        hgeti4 (fitsheader,"NPAXIS2",&npaxis2);
	}
    if (nax > 2)
        hgeti4 (fitsheader,"NAXIS3",&naxis3);
    if (nax > 3)
        hgeti4 (fitsheader,"NAXIS4",&naxis4);

    hgeti4 (fitsheader,"BITPIX",&bitpix);
    if (bitpix < 0)
	bytepix = -bitpix / 8;
    else
	bytepix = bitpix / 8;

    nbimage = naxis1 * naxis2 * naxis3 * naxis4 * bytepix;
    
    newfilesize = *filesize + nbimage;  /* header + data */
    newfilesize = (((newfilesize - 1) / 2880 ) + 1 ) * 2880;

    if (newfilesize > *buffsize)   /* need to allocate more memory? */
    {
      fitsheader =  (char *) realloc (*buffptr, newfilesize);
      if (fitsheader == NULL) {
	snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"IRAFRIMAGE Cannot allocate %d-byte image buffer",
		(int) (*filesize));
        ffpmsg(errmsg);
        ffpmsg(pixname);
	fclose (fd);
	return (*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED);
	}
    }

    *buffptr = fitsheader;
    *buffsize = newfilesize;

    image = fitsheader + *filesize;
    *filesize = newfilesize;

    /* Read IRAF image all at once if physical and image dimensions are the same */
    if (npaxis1 == naxis1)
	nbr = fread (image, 1, nbimage, fd);

    /* Read IRAF image one line at a time if physical and image dimensions differ */
    else {
	nbdiff = (npaxis1 - naxis1) * bytepix;
	nbaxis = naxis1 * bytepix;
	linebuff = image;
	nbr = 0;
	if (naxis2 == 1 && naxis3 > 1)
	    naxis2 = naxis3;
	for (i = 0; i < naxis2; i++) {
	    nbl = fread (linebuff, 1, nbaxis, fd);
	    nbr = nbr + nbl;
	    fseek (fd, nbdiff, 1);
	    linebuff = linebuff + nbaxis;
	    }
	}
    fclose (fd);

    /* Check size of image */
    if (nbr < nbimage) {
	snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"IRAF pixel file: %d / %d bytes read.",
		      nbr,nbimage);
        ffpmsg(errmsg);
        ffpmsg(pixname);
	return (*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED);
	}

    /* Byte-reverse image, if necessary */
    if (swapdata)
	irafswap (bitpix, image, nbimage);

    return (*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Return IRAF image format version number from magic word in IRAF header*/

static int head_version (
    char *irafheader)	/* IRAF image header from file */

{

    /* Check header file magic word */
    if (irafncmp (irafheader, "imhdr", 5) != 0 ) {
	if (strncmp (irafheader, "imhv2", 5) != 0)
	    return (0);
	else
	    return (2);
	}
    else
	return (1);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Return IRAF image format version number from magic word in IRAF pixel file */

static int pix_version (
    char *irafheader)   /* IRAF image header from file */
{

    /* Check pixel file header magic word */
    if (irafncmp (irafheader, "impix", 5) != 0) {
	if (strncmp (irafheader, "impv2", 5) != 0)
	    return (0);
	else
	    return (2);
	}
    else
	return (1);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Verify that file is valid IRAF imhdr or impix by checking first 5 chars
 * Returns:	0 on success, 1 on failure */

static int irafncmp (

char	*irafheader,	/* IRAF image header from file */
char	*teststring,	/* C character string to compare */
int	nc)		/* Number of characters to compate */

{
    char *line;

    if ((line = iraf2str (irafheader, nc)) == NULL)
	return (1);
    if (strncmp (line, teststring, nc) == 0) {
	free (line);
	return (0);
	}
    else {
	free (line);
	return (1);
	}
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Convert IRAF image header to FITS image header, returning FITS header */

static int iraftofits (
    char    *hdrname,  /* IRAF header file name (may be path) */
    char    *irafheader,  /* IRAF image header */
    int	    nbiraf,	  /* Number of bytes in IRAF header */
    char    **buffptr,    /* pointer to the FITS header  */
    size_t  *nbfits,      /* allocated size of the FITS header buffer */
    size_t  *fitssize,  /* Number of bytes in FITS header (returned) */
                        /*  = number of bytes to the end of the END keyword */
    int     *status)
{
    char *objname;	/* object name from FITS file */
    int lstr, i, j, k, ib, nax, nbits;
    char *pixname, *newpixname, *bang, *chead;
    char *fitsheader;
    int nblock, nlines;
    char *fhead, *fhead1, *fp, endline[81];
    char irafchar;
    char fitsline[81];
    int pixtype;
    int imhver, n, imu, pixoff, impixoff;
/*    int immax, immin, imtime;  */
    int imndim, imlen, imphyslen, impixtype;
    char errmsg[FLEN_ERRMSG];

    /* Set up last line of FITS header */
    (void)strncpy (endline,"END", 3);
    for (i = 3; i < 80; i++)
	endline[i] = ' ';
    endline[80] = 0;

    /* Check header magic word */
    imhver = head_version (irafheader);
    if (imhver < 1) {
	ffpmsg("File not valid IRAF image header");
        ffpmsg(hdrname);
	return(*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED);
	}
    if (imhver == 2) {
	nlines = 24 + ((nbiraf - LEN_IM2HDR) / 81);
	imndim = IM2_NDIM;
	imlen = IM2_LEN;
	imphyslen = IM2_PHYSLEN;
	impixtype = IM2_PIXTYPE;
	impixoff = IM2_PIXOFF;
/*	imtime = IM2_MTIME; */
/*	immax = IM2_MAX;  */
/*	immin = IM2_MIN; */
	}
    else {
	nlines = 24 + ((nbiraf - LEN_IMHDR) / 162);
	imndim = IM_NDIM;
	imlen = IM_LEN;
	imphyslen = IM_PHYSLEN;
	impixtype = IM_PIXTYPE;
	impixoff = IM_PIXOFF;
/*	imtime = IM_MTIME; */
/*	immax = IM_MAX; */
/*	immin = IM_MIN; */
	}

    /*  Initialize FITS header */
    nblock = (nlines * 80) / 2880;
    *nbfits = (nblock + 5) * 2880 + 4;
    fitsheader = (char *) calloc (*nbfits, 1);
    if (fitsheader == NULL) {
	snprintf(errmsg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"IRAF2FITS Cannot allocate %d-byte FITS header",
		(int) (*nbfits));
        ffpmsg(hdrname);
	return (*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED);
	}

    fhead = fitsheader;
    *buffptr = fitsheader;
    (void)strncpy (fitsheader, endline, 80);
    hputl (fitsheader, "SIMPLE", 1);
    fhead = fhead + 80;

    /*  check if the IRAF file is in big endian (sun) format (= 0) or not. */
    /*  This is done by checking the 4 byte integer in the header that     */
    /*  represents the iraf pixel type.  This 4-byte word is guaranteed to */
    /*  have the least sig byte != 0 and the most sig byte = 0,  so if the */
    /*  first byte of the word != 0, then the file in little endian format */
    /*  like on an Alpha machine.                                          */

    swaphead = isirafswapped(irafheader, impixtype);
    if (imhver == 1)
        swapdata = swaphead; /* vers 1 data has same swapness as header */
    else
        swapdata = irafgeti4 (irafheader, IM2_SWAPPED); 

    /*  Set pixel size in FITS header */
    pixtype = irafgeti4 (irafheader, impixtype);
    switch (pixtype) {
	case TY_CHAR:
	    nbits = 8;
	    break;
	case TY_UBYTE:
	    nbits = 8;
	    break;
	case TY_SHORT:
	    nbits = 16;
	    break;
	case TY_USHORT:
	    nbits = -16;
	    break;
	case TY_INT:
	case TY_LONG:
	    nbits = 32;
	    break;
	case TY_REAL:
	    nbits = -32;
	    break;
	case TY_DOUBLE:
	    nbits = -64;
	    break;
	default:
	    snprintf(errmsg,FLEN_ERRMSG,"Unsupported IRAF data type: %d", pixtype);
            ffpmsg(errmsg);
            ffpmsg(hdrname);
	    return (*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED);
	}
    hputi4 (fitsheader,"BITPIX",nbits);
    hputcom (fitsheader,"BITPIX", "IRAF .imh pixel type");
    fhead = fhead + 80;

    /*  Set image dimensions in FITS header */
    nax = irafgeti4 (irafheader, imndim);
    hputi4 (fitsheader,"NAXIS",nax);
    hputcom (fitsheader,"NAXIS", "IRAF .imh naxis");
    fhead = fhead + 80;

    n = irafgeti4 (irafheader, imlen);
    hputi4 (fitsheader, "NAXIS1", n);
    hputcom (fitsheader,"NAXIS1", "IRAF .imh image naxis[1]");
    fhead = fhead + 80;

    if (nax > 1) {
	n = irafgeti4 (irafheader, imlen+4);
	hputi4 (fitsheader, "NAXIS2", n);
	hputcom (fitsheader,"NAXIS2", "IRAF .imh image naxis[2]");
        fhead = fhead + 80;
	}
    if (nax > 2) {
	n = irafgeti4 (irafheader, imlen+8);
	hputi4 (fitsheader, "NAXIS3", n);
	hputcom (fitsheader,"NAXIS3", "IRAF .imh image naxis[3]");
	fhead = fhead + 80;
	}
    if (nax > 3) {
	n = irafgeti4 (irafheader, imlen+12);
	hputi4 (fitsheader, "NAXIS4", n);
	hputcom (fitsheader,"NAXIS4", "IRAF .imh image naxis[4]");
	fhead = fhead + 80;
	}

    /* Set object name in FITS header */
    if (imhver == 2)
	objname = irafgetc (irafheader, IM2_TITLE, SZ_IM2TITLE);
    else
	objname = irafgetc2 (irafheader, IM_TITLE, SZ_IMTITLE);
    if ((lstr = strlen (objname)) < 8) {
	for (i = lstr; i < 8; i++)
	    objname[i] = ' ';
	objname[8] = 0;
	}
    hputs (fitsheader,"OBJECT",objname);
    hputcom (fitsheader,"OBJECT", "IRAF .imh title");
    free (objname);
    fhead = fhead + 80;

    /* Save physical axis lengths so image file can be read */
    n = irafgeti4 (irafheader, imphyslen);
    hputi4 (fitsheader, "NPAXIS1", n);
    hputcom (fitsheader,"NPAXIS1", "IRAF .imh physical naxis[1]");
    fhead = fhead + 80;
    if (nax > 1) {
	n = irafgeti4 (irafheader, imphyslen+4);
	hputi4 (fitsheader, "NPAXIS2", n);
	hputcom (fitsheader,"NPAXIS2", "IRAF .imh physical naxis[2]");
	fhead = fhead + 80;
	}
    if (nax > 2) {
	n = irafgeti4 (irafheader, imphyslen+8);
	hputi4 (fitsheader, "NPAXIS3", n);
	hputcom (fitsheader,"NPAXIS3", "IRAF .imh physical naxis[3]");
	fhead = fhead + 80;
	}
    if (nax > 3) {
	n = irafgeti4 (irafheader, imphyslen+12);
	hputi4 (fitsheader, "NPAXIS4", n);
	hputcom (fitsheader,"NPAXIS4", "IRAF .imh physical naxis[4]");
	fhead = fhead + 80;
	}

    /* Save image header filename in header */
    hputs (fitsheader,"IMHFILE",hdrname);
    hputcom (fitsheader,"IMHFILE", "IRAF header file name");
    fhead = fhead + 80;

    /* Save image pixel file pathname in header */
    if (imhver == 2)
	pixname = irafgetc (irafheader, IM2_PIXFILE, SZ_IM2PIXFILE);
    else
	pixname = irafgetc2 (irafheader, IM_PIXFILE, SZ_IMPIXFILE);
    if (strncmp(pixname, "HDR", 3) == 0 ) {
	newpixname = same_path (pixname, hdrname);
        if (newpixname) {
          free (pixname);
          pixname = newpixname;
	  }
	}
    if (strchr (pixname, '/') == NULL && strchr (pixname, '$') == NULL) {
	newpixname = same_path (pixname, hdrname);
        if (newpixname) {
          free (pixname);
          pixname = newpixname;
	  }
	}
	
    if ((bang = strchr (pixname, '!')) != NULL )
	hputs (fitsheader,"PIXFILE",bang+1);
    else
	hputs (fitsheader,"PIXFILE",pixname);
    free (pixname);
    hputcom (fitsheader,"PIXFILE", "IRAF .pix pixel file");
    fhead = fhead + 80;

    /* Save image offset from star of pixel file */
    pixoff = irafgeti4 (irafheader, impixoff);
    pixoff = (pixoff - 1) * 2;
    hputi4 (fitsheader, "PIXOFF", pixoff);
    hputcom (fitsheader,"PIXOFF", "IRAF .pix pixel offset (Do not change!)");
    fhead = fhead + 80;

    /* Save IRAF file format version in header */
    hputi4 (fitsheader,"IMHVER",imhver);
    hputcom (fitsheader,"IMHVER", "IRAF .imh format version (1 or 2)");
    fhead = fhead + 80;

    /* Save flag as to whether to swap IRAF data for this file and machine */
    if (swapdata)
	hputl (fitsheader, "PIXSWAP", 1);
    else
	hputl (fitsheader, "PIXSWAP", 0);
    hputcom (fitsheader,"PIXSWAP", "IRAF pixels, FITS byte orders differ if T");
    fhead = fhead + 80;

    /* Add user portion of IRAF header to FITS header */
    fitsline[80] = 0;
    if (imhver == 2) {
	imu = LEN_IM2HDR;
	chead = irafheader;
	j = 0;
	for (k = 0; k < 80; k++)
	    fitsline[k] = ' ';
	for (i = imu; i < nbiraf; i++) {
	    irafchar = chead[i];
	    if (irafchar == 0)
		break;
	    else if (irafchar == 10) {
		(void)strncpy (fhead, fitsline, 80);
		/* fprintf (stderr,"%80s\n",fitsline); */
		if (strncmp (fitsline, "OBJECT ", 7) != 0) {
		    fhead = fhead + 80;
		    }
		for (k = 0; k < 80; k++)
		    fitsline[k] = ' ';
		j = 0;
		}
	    else {
		if (j > 80) {
		    if (strncmp (fitsline, "OBJECT ", 7) != 0) {
			(void)strncpy (fhead, fitsline, 80);
			/* fprintf (stderr,"%80s\n",fitsline); */
			j = 9;
			fhead = fhead + 80;
			}
		    for (k = 0; k < 80; k++)
			fitsline[k] = ' ';
		    }
		if (irafchar > 32 && irafchar < 127)
		    fitsline[j] = irafchar;
		j++;
		}
	    }
	}
    else {
	imu = LEN_IMHDR;
	chead = irafheader;
	if (swaphead == 1)
	    ib = 0;
	else
	    ib = 1;
	for (k = 0; k < 80; k++)
	    fitsline[k] = ' ';
	j = 0;
	for (i = imu; i < nbiraf; i=i+2) {
	    irafchar = chead[i+ib];
	    if (irafchar == 0)
		break;
	    else if (irafchar == 10) {
		if (strncmp (fitsline, "OBJECT ", 7) != 0) {
		    (void)strncpy (fhead, fitsline, 80);
		    fhead = fhead + 80;
		    }
		/* fprintf (stderr,"%80s\n",fitsline); */
		j = 0;
		for (k = 0; k < 80; k++)
		    fitsline[k] = ' ';
		}
	    else {
		if (j > 80) {
		    if (strncmp (fitsline, "OBJECT ", 7) != 0) {
			(void)strncpy (fhead, fitsline, 80);
			j = 9;
			fhead = fhead + 80;
			}
		    /* fprintf (stderr,"%80s\n",fitsline); */
		    for (k = 0; k < 80; k++)
			fitsline[k] = ' ';
		    }
		if (irafchar > 32 && irafchar < 127)
		    fitsline[j] = irafchar;
		j++;
		}
	    }
	}

    /* Add END to last line */
    (void)strncpy (fhead, endline, 80);

    /* Find end of last 2880-byte block of header */
    fhead = ksearch (fitsheader, "END") + 80;
    nblock = *nbfits / 2880;
    fhead1 = fitsheader + (nblock * 2880);
    *fitssize = fhead - fitsheader;  /* no. of bytes to end of END keyword */

    /* Pad rest of header with spaces */
    strncpy (endline,"   ",3);
    for (fp = fhead; fp < fhead1; fp = fp + 80) {
	(void)strncpy (fp, endline,80);
	}

    return (*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* get the IRAF pixel file name */

static int getirafpixname (
    const char *hdrname,  /* IRAF header file name (may be path) */
    char    *irafheader,  /* IRAF image header */
    char    *pixfilename,     /* IRAF pixel file name */
    int     *status)
{
    int imhver;
    char *pixname, *newpixname, *bang;

    /* Check header magic word */
    imhver = head_version (irafheader);
    if (imhver < 1) {
	ffpmsg("File not valid IRAF image header");
        ffpmsg(hdrname);
	return(*status = FILE_NOT_OPENED);
	}

    /* get image pixel file pathname in header */
    if (imhver == 2)
	pixname = irafgetc (irafheader, IM2_PIXFILE, SZ_IM2PIXFILE);
    else
	pixname = irafgetc2 (irafheader, IM_PIXFILE, SZ_IMPIXFILE);

    if (strncmp(pixname, "HDR", 3) == 0 ) {
	newpixname = same_path (pixname, hdrname);
        if (newpixname) {
          free (pixname);
          pixname = newpixname;
	  }
	}

    if (strchr (pixname, '/') == NULL && strchr (pixname, '$') == NULL) {
	newpixname = same_path (pixname, hdrname);
        if (newpixname) {
          free (pixname);
          pixname = newpixname;
	  }
	}
	
    if ((bang = strchr (pixname, '!')) != NULL )
	strcpy(pixfilename,bang+1);
    else
	strcpy(pixfilename,pixname);

    free (pixname);

    return (*status);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put filename and header path together */

static char *same_path (

char	*pixname,	/* IRAF pixel file pathname */
const char	*hdrname)	/* IRAF image header file pathname */

{
    int len;
    char *newpixname;

/*  WDP - 10/16/2007 - increased allocation to avoid possible overflow */
/*    newpixname = (char *) calloc (SZ_IM2PIXFILE, sizeof (char)); */

    newpixname = (char *) calloc (2*SZ_IM2PIXFILE+1, sizeof (char));
    if (newpixname == NULL) {
            ffpmsg("iraffits same_path: Cannot alloc memory for newpixname");
	    return (NULL);
	}

    /* Pixel file is in same directory as header */
    if (strncmp(pixname, "HDR$", 4) == 0 ) {
	(void)strncpy (newpixname, hdrname, SZ_IM2PIXFILE);

	/* find the end of the pathname */
	len = strlen (newpixname);
#ifndef VMS
	while( (len > 0) && (newpixname[len-1] != '/') )
#else
	while( (len > 0) && (newpixname[len-1] != ']') && (newpixname[len-1] != ':') )
#endif
	    len--;

	/* add name */
	newpixname[len] = '\0';
	(void)strncat (newpixname, &pixname[4], SZ_IM2PIXFILE);
	}

    /* Bare pixel file with no path is assumed to be same as HDR$filename */
    else if (strchr (pixname, '/') == NULL && strchr (pixname, '$') == NULL) {
	(void)strncpy (newpixname, hdrname, SZ_IM2PIXFILE);

	/* find the end of the pathname */
	len = strlen (newpixname);
#ifndef VMS
	while( (len > 0) && (newpixname[len-1] != '/') )
#else
	while( (len > 0) && (newpixname[len-1] != ']') && (newpixname[len-1] != ':') )
#endif
	    len--;

	/* add name */
	newpixname[len] = '\0';
	(void)strncat (newpixname, pixname, SZ_IM2PIXFILE);
	}

    /* Pixel file has same name as header file, but with .pix extension */
    else if (strncmp (pixname, "HDR", 3) == 0) {

	/* load entire header name string into name buffer */
	(void)strncpy (newpixname, hdrname, SZ_IM2PIXFILE);
	len = strlen (newpixname);
	newpixname[len-3] = 'p';
	newpixname[len-2] = 'i';
	newpixname[len-1] = 'x';
	}

    return (newpixname);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static int isirafswapped (

char	*irafheader,	/* IRAF image header */
int	offset)		/* Number of bytes to skip before number */

    /*  check if the IRAF file is in big endian (sun) format (= 0) or not */
    /*  This is done by checking the 4 byte integer in the header that */
    /*  represents the iraf pixel type.  This 4-byte word is guaranteed to */
    /*  have the least sig byte != 0 and the most sig byte = 0,  so if the */
    /*  first byte of the word != 0, then the file in little endian format */
    /*  like on an Alpha machine.                                          */

{
    int  swapped;

    if (irafheader[offset] != 0)
	swapped = 1;
    else
	swapped = 0;

    return (swapped);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static int irafgeti4 (

char	*irafheader,	/* IRAF image header */
int	offset)		/* Number of bytes to skip before number */

{
    char *ctemp, *cheader;
    int  temp;

    cheader = irafheader;
    ctemp = (char *) &temp;

    if (machswap() != swaphead) {
	ctemp[3] = cheader[offset];
	ctemp[2] = cheader[offset+1];
	ctemp[1] = cheader[offset+2];
	ctemp[0] = cheader[offset+3];
	}
    else {
	ctemp[0] = cheader[offset];
	ctemp[1] = cheader[offset+1];
	ctemp[2] = cheader[offset+2];
	ctemp[3] = cheader[offset+3];
	}
    return (temp);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* IRAFGETC2 -- Get character string from arbitrary part of v.1 IRAF header */

static char *irafgetc2 (

char	*irafheader,	/* IRAF image header */
int	offset,		/* Number of bytes to skip before string */
int	nc)		/* Maximum number of characters in string */

{
    char *irafstring, *string;

    irafstring = irafgetc (irafheader, offset, 2*(nc+1));
    string = iraf2str (irafstring, nc);
    free (irafstring);

    return (string);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* IRAFGETC -- Get character string from arbitrary part of IRAF header */

static char *irafgetc (

char	*irafheader,	/* IRAF image header */
int	offset,		/* Number of bytes to skip before string */
int	nc)		/* Maximum number of characters in string */

{
    char *ctemp, *cheader;
    int i;

    cheader = irafheader;
    ctemp = (char *) calloc (nc+1, 1);
    if (ctemp == NULL) {
	ffpmsg("IRAFGETC Cannot allocate memory for string variable");
	return (NULL);
	}
    for (i = 0; i < nc; i++) {
	ctemp[i] = cheader[offset+i];
	if (ctemp[i] > 0 && ctemp[i] < 32)
	    ctemp[i] = ' ';
	}

    return (ctemp);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Convert IRAF 2-byte/char string to 1-byte/char string */

static char *iraf2str (

char	*irafstring,	/* IRAF 2-byte/character string */
int	nchar)		/* Number of characters in string */
{
    char *string;
    int i, j;

    string = (char *) calloc (nchar+1, 1);
    if (string == NULL) {
	ffpmsg("IRAF2STR Cannot allocate memory for string variable");
	return (NULL);
	}

    /* the chars are in bytes 1, 3, 5, ... if bigendian format (SUN) */
    /* else in bytes 0, 2, 4, ... if little endian format (Alpha)    */

    if (irafstring[0] != 0)
	j = 0;
    else
	j = 1;

    /* Convert appropriate byte of input to output character */
    for (i = 0; i < nchar; i++) {
	string[i] = irafstring[j];
	j = j + 2;
	}

    return (string);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* IRAFSWAP -- Reverse bytes of any type of vector in place */

static void irafswap (

int	bitpix,		/* Number of bits per pixel */
			/*  16 = short, -16 = unsigned short, 32 = int */
			/* -32 = float, -64 = double */
char	*string,	/* Address of starting point of bytes to swap */
int	nbytes)		/* Number of bytes to swap */

{
    switch (bitpix) {

	case 16:
	    if (nbytes < 2) return;
	    irafswap2 (string,nbytes);
	    break;

	case 32:
	    if (nbytes < 4) return;
	    irafswap4 (string,nbytes);
	    break;

	case -16:
	    if (nbytes < 2) return;
	    irafswap2 (string,nbytes);
	    break;

	case -32:
	    if (nbytes < 4) return;
	    irafswap4 (string,nbytes);
	    break;

	case -64:
	    if (nbytes < 8) return;
	    irafswap8 (string,nbytes);
	    break;

	}
    return;
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* IRAFSWAP2 -- Swap bytes in string in place */

static void irafswap2 (

char *string,	/* Address of starting point of bytes to swap */
int nbytes)	/* Number of bytes to swap */

{
    char *sbyte, temp, *slast;

    slast = string + nbytes;
    sbyte = string;
    while (sbyte < slast) {
	temp = sbyte[0];
	sbyte[0] = sbyte[1];
	sbyte[1] = temp;
	sbyte= sbyte + 2;
	}
    return;
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* IRAFSWAP4 -- Reverse bytes of Integer*4 or Real*4 vector in place */

static void irafswap4 (

char *string,	/* Address of Integer*4 or Real*4 vector */
int nbytes)	/* Number of bytes to reverse */

{
    char *sbyte, *slast;
    char temp0, temp1, temp2, temp3;

    slast = string + nbytes;
    sbyte = string;
    while (sbyte < slast) {
	temp3 = sbyte[0];
	temp2 = sbyte[1];
	temp1 = sbyte[2];
	temp0 = sbyte[3];
	sbyte[0] = temp0;
	sbyte[1] = temp1;
	sbyte[2] = temp2;
	sbyte[3] = temp3;
	sbyte = sbyte + 4;
	}

    return;
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* IRAFSWAP8 -- Reverse bytes of Real*8 vector in place */

static void irafswap8 (

char *string,	/* Address of Real*8 vector */
int nbytes)	/* Number of bytes to reverse */

{
    char *sbyte, *slast;
    char temp[8];

    slast = string + nbytes;
    sbyte = string;
    while (sbyte < slast) {
	temp[7] = sbyte[0];
	temp[6] = sbyte[1];
	temp[5] = sbyte[2];
	temp[4] = sbyte[3];
	temp[3] = sbyte[4];
	temp[2] = sbyte[5];
	temp[1] = sbyte[6];
	temp[0] = sbyte[7];
	sbyte[0] = temp[0];
	sbyte[1] = temp[1];
	sbyte[2] = temp[2];
	sbyte[3] = temp[3];
	sbyte[4] = temp[4];
	sbyte[5] = temp[5];
	sbyte[6] = temp[6];
	sbyte[7] = temp[7];
	sbyte = sbyte + 8;
	}
    return;
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static int
machswap (void)

{
    char *ctest;
    int itest;

    itest = 1;
    ctest = (char *)&itest;
    if (*ctest)
	return (1);
    else
	return (0);
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*             the following routines were originally in hget.c             */
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/


static int lhead0 = 0;

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Extract long value for variable from FITS header string */

static int
hgeti4 (hstring,keyword,ival)

char *hstring;	/* character string containing FITS header information
		   in the format =  {/ } */
char *keyword;	/* character string containing the name of the keyword
		   the value of which is returned.  hget searches for a
		   line beginning with this string.  if "[n]" is present,
		   the n'th token in the value is returned.
		   (the first 8 characters must be unique) */
int *ival;
{
char *value;
double dval;
int minint;
char val[30]; 

/* Get value and comment from header string */
	value = hgetc (hstring,keyword);

/* Translate value from ASCII to binary */
	if (value != NULL) {
	    minint = -MAXINT - 1;
            if (strlen(value) > 29)
               return(0);
	    strcpy (val, value);
	    dval = atof (val);
	    if (dval+0.001 > MAXINT)
		*ival = MAXINT;
	    else if (dval >= 0)
		*ival = (int) (dval + 0.001);
	    else if (dval-0.001 < minint)
		*ival = minint;
	    else
		*ival = (int) (dval - 0.001);
	    return (1);
	    }
	else {
	    return (0);
	    }
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Extract string value for variable from FITS header string */

static int
hgets (hstring, keyword, lstr, str)

char *hstring;	/* character string containing FITS header information
		   in the format =  {/ } */
char *keyword;	/* character string containing the name of the keyword
		   the value of which is returned.  hget searches for a
		   line beginning with this string.  if "[n]" is present,
		   the n'th token in the value is returned.
		   (the first 8 characters must be unique) */
int lstr;	/* Size of str in characters */
char *str;	/* String (returned) */
{
	char *value;
	int lval;

/* Get value and comment from header string */
	value = hgetc (hstring,keyword);

	if (value != NULL) {
	    lval = strlen (value);
	    if (lval < lstr)
		strcpy (str, value);
	    else if (lstr > 1) {
		strncpy (str, value, lstr-1);
                str[lstr-1]=0;
            }
	    else {
		str[0] = value[0];
            }
	    return (1);
	    }
	else
	    return (0);
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Extract character value for variable from FITS header string */

static char *
hgetc (hstring,keyword0)

char *hstring;	/* character string containing FITS header information
		   in the format =  {/ } */
char *keyword0;	/* character string containing the name of the keyword
		   the value of which is returned.  hget searches for a
		   line beginning with this string.  if "[n]" is present,
		   the n'th token in the value is returned.
		   (the first 8 characters must be unique) */
{
	static char cval[80];
	char *value;
	char cwhite[2];
	char squot[2], dquot[2], lbracket[2], rbracket[2], slash[2], comma[2];
	char keyword[81]; /* large for ESO hierarchical keywords */
	char line[100];
	char *vpos, *cpar = NULL;
	char *q1, *q2 = NULL, *v1, *v2, *c1, *brack1, *brack2;
        char *saveptr;
	int ipar, i;

	squot[0] = 39;
	squot[1] = 0;
	dquot[0] = 34;
	dquot[1] = 0;
	lbracket[0] = 91;
	lbracket[1] = 0;
	comma[0] = 44;
	comma[1] = 0;
	rbracket[0] = 93;
	rbracket[1] = 0;
	slash[0] = 47;
	slash[1] = 0;

/* Find length of variable name */
	strncpy (keyword,keyword0, sizeof(keyword)-1);
        keyword[80]=0;
	brack1 = strsrch (keyword,lbracket);
	if (brack1 == NULL)
	    brack1 = strsrch (keyword,comma);
	if (brack1 != NULL) {
	    *brack1 = '\0';
	    brack1++;
	    }

/* Search header string for variable name */
	vpos = ksearch (hstring,keyword);

/* Exit if not found */
	if (vpos == NULL) {
	    return (NULL);
	    }

/* Initialize line to nulls */
	 for (i = 0; i < 100; i++)
	    line[i] = 0;

/* In standard FITS, data lasts until 80th character */

/* Extract entry for this variable from the header */
	strncpy (line,vpos,80);

/* check for quoted value */
	q1 = strsrch (line,squot);
	c1 = strsrch (line,slash);
	if (q1 != NULL) {
	    if (c1 != NULL && q1 < c1)
		q2 = strsrch (q1+1,squot);
	    else if (c1 == NULL)
		q2 = strsrch (q1+1,squot);
	    else
		q1 = NULL;
	    }
	else {
	    q1 = strsrch (line,dquot);
	    if (q1 != NULL) {
		if (c1 != NULL && q1 < c1)
		    q2 = strsrch (q1+1,dquot);
		else if (c1 == NULL)
		    q2 = strsrch (q1+1,dquot);
		else
		    q1 = NULL;
		}
	    else {
		q1 = NULL;
		q2 = line + 10;
		}
	    }

/* Extract value and remove excess spaces */
	if (q1 != NULL) {
	    v1 = q1 + 1;
	    v2 = q2;
	    c1 = strsrch (q2,"/");
	    }
	else {
	    v1 = strsrch (line,"=") + 1;
	    c1 = strsrch (line,"/");
	    if (c1 != NULL)
		v2 = c1;
	    else
		v2 = line + 79;
	    }

/* Ignore leading spaces */
	while (*v1 == ' ' && v1 < v2) {
	    v1++;
	    }

/* Drop trailing spaces */
	*v2 = '\0';
	v2--;
	while (*v2 == ' ' && v2 > v1) {
	    *v2 = '\0';
	    v2--;
	    }

	if (!strcmp (v1, "-0"))
	    v1++;
	strcpy (cval,v1);
	value = cval;

/* If keyword has brackets, extract appropriate token from value */
	if (brack1 != NULL) {
	    brack2 = strsrch (brack1,rbracket);
	    if (brack2 != NULL)
		*brack2 = '\0';
	    ipar = atoi (brack1);
	    if (ipar > 0) {
		cwhite[0] = ' ';
		cwhite[1] = '\0';
		for (i = 1; i <= ipar; i++) {
		    cpar = ffstrtok (v1,cwhite,&saveptr);
		    v1 = NULL;
		    }
		if (cpar != NULL) {
		    strcpy (cval,cpar);
		    }
		else
		    value = NULL;
		}
	    }

	return (value);
}


/*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find beginning of fillable blank line before FITS header keyword line */

static char *
blsearch (hstring,keyword)

/* Find entry for keyword keyword in FITS header string hstring.
   (the keyword may have a maximum of eight letters)
   NULL is returned if the keyword is not found */

char *hstring;	/* character string containing fits-style header
		information in the format =  {/ }
		the default is that each entry is 80 characters long;
		however, lines may be of arbitrary length terminated by
		nulls, carriage returns or linefeeds, if packed is true.  */
char *keyword;	/* character string containing the name of the variable
		to be returned.  ksearch searches for a line beginning
		with this string.  The string may be a character
		literal or a character variable terminated by a null
		or '$'.  it is truncated to 8 characters. */
{
    char *loc, *headnext, *headlast, *pval, *lc, *line;
    char *bval;
    int icol, nextchar, lkey, nleft, lhstr;

    pval = 0;

    /* Search header string for variable name */
    if (lhead0)
	lhstr = lhead0;
    else {
	lhstr = 0;
	while (lhstr < 57600 && hstring[lhstr] != 0)
	    lhstr++;
	}
    headlast = hstring + lhstr;
    headnext = hstring;
    pval = NULL;
    while (headnext < headlast) {
	nleft = headlast - headnext;
	loc = strnsrch (headnext, keyword, nleft);

	/* Exit if keyword is not found */
	if (loc == NULL) {
	    break;
	    }

	icol = (loc - hstring) % 80;
	lkey = strlen (keyword);
	nextchar = (int) *(loc + lkey);

	/* If this is not in the first 8 characters of a line, keep searching */
	if (icol > 7)
	    headnext = loc + 1;

	/* If parameter name in header is longer, keep searching */
	else if (nextchar != 61 && nextchar > 32 && nextchar < 127)
	    headnext = loc + 1;

	/* If preceeding characters in line are not blanks, keep searching */
	else {
	    line = loc - icol;
	    for (lc = line; lc < loc; lc++) {
		if (*lc != ' ')
		    headnext = loc + 1;
		}

	/* Return pointer to start of line if match */
	    if (loc >= headnext) {
		pval = line;
		break;
		}
	    }
	}

    /* Return NULL if keyword is found at start of FITS header string */
    if (pval == NULL)
	return (pval);

    /* Return NULL if  found the first keyword in the header */
    if (pval == hstring)
        return (NULL);

    /* Find last nonblank line before requested keyword */
    bval = pval - 80;
    while (!strncmp (bval,"        ",8))
	bval = bval - 80;
    bval = bval + 80;

    /* Return pointer to calling program if blank lines found */
    if (bval < pval)
	return (bval);
    else
	return (NULL);
}


/*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find FITS header line containing specified keyword */

static char *ksearch (hstring,keyword)

/* Find entry for keyword keyword in FITS header string hstring.
   (the keyword may have a maximum of eight letters)
   NULL is returned if the keyword is not found */

char *hstring;	/* character string containing fits-style header
		information in the format =  {/ }
		the default is that each entry is 80 characters long;
		however, lines may be of arbitrary length terminated by
		nulls, carriage returns or linefeeds, if packed is true.  */
char *keyword;	/* character string containing the name of the variable
		to be returned.  ksearch searches for a line beginning
		with this string.  The string may be a character
		literal or a character variable terminated by a null
		or '$'.  it is truncated to 8 characters. */
{
    char *loc, *headnext, *headlast, *pval, *lc, *line;
    int icol, nextchar, lkey, nleft, lhstr;

    pval = 0;

/* Search header string for variable name */
    if (lhead0)
	lhstr = lhead0;
    else {
	lhstr = 0;
	while (lhstr < 57600 && hstring[lhstr] != 0)
	    lhstr++;
	}
    headlast = hstring + lhstr;
    headnext = hstring;
    pval = NULL;
    while (headnext < headlast) {
	nleft = headlast - headnext;
	loc = strnsrch (headnext, keyword, nleft);

	/* Exit if keyword is not found */
	if (loc == NULL) {
	    break;
	    }

	icol = (loc - hstring) % 80;
	lkey = strlen (keyword);
	nextchar = (int) *(loc + lkey);

	/* If this is not in the first 8 characters of a line, keep searching */
	if (icol > 7)
	    headnext = loc + 1;

	/* If parameter name in header is longer, keep searching */
	else if (nextchar != 61 && nextchar > 32 && nextchar < 127)
	    headnext = loc + 1;

	/* If preceeding characters in line are not blanks, keep searching */
	else {
	    line = loc - icol;
	    for (lc = line; lc < loc; lc++) {
		if (*lc != ' ')
		    headnext = loc + 1;
		}

	/* Return pointer to start of line if match */
	    if (loc >= headnext) {
		pval = line;
		break;
		}
	    }
	}

/* Return pointer to calling program */
	return (pval);

}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find string s2 within null-terminated string s1 */

static char *
strsrch (s1, s2)

char *s1;	/* String to search */
char *s2;	/* String to look for */

{
    int ls1;
    ls1 = strlen (s1);
    return (strnsrch (s1, s2, ls1));
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find string s2 within string s1 */

static char *
strnsrch (s1, s2, ls1)

char	*s1;	/* String to search */
char	*s2;	/* String to look for */
int	ls1;	/* Length of string being searched */

{
    char *s,*s1e;
    char cfirst,clast;
    int i,ls2;

    /* Return null string if either pointer is NULL */
    if (s1 == NULL || s2 == NULL)
	return (NULL);

    /* A zero-length pattern is found in any string */
    ls2 = strlen (s2);
    if (ls2 ==0)
	return (s1);

    /* Only a zero-length string can be found in a zero-length string */
    if (ls1 ==0)
	return (NULL);

    cfirst = s2[0];
    clast = s2[ls2-1];
    s1e = s1 + ls1 - ls2 + 1;
    s = s1;
    while (s < s1e) { 

	/* Search for first character in pattern string */
	if (*s == cfirst) {

	    /* If single character search, return */
	    if (ls2 == 1)
		return (s);

	    /* Search for last character in pattern string if first found */
	    if (s[ls2-1] == clast) {

		/* If two-character search, return */
		if (ls2 == 2)
		    return (s);

		/* If 3 or more characters, check for rest of search string */
		i = 1;
		while (i < ls2 && s[i] == s2[i])
		    i++;

		/* If entire string matches, return */
		if (i >= ls2)
		    return (s);
		}
	    }
	s++;
	}
    return (NULL);
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*             the following routines were originally in hget.c      */
/*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*  HPUTI4 - Set int keyword = ival in FITS header string */

static void
hputi4 (hstring,keyword,ival)

  char *hstring;	/* character string containing FITS-style header
			   information in the format
			   =  {/ }
			   each entry is padded with spaces to 80 characters */

  char *keyword;		/* character string containing the name of the variable
			   to be returned.  hput searches for a line beginning
			   with this string, and if there isn't one, creates one.
		   	   The first 8 characters of keyword must be unique. */
  int ival;		/* int number */
{
    char value[30];

    /* Translate value from binary to ASCII */
    snprintf (value,30,"%d",ival);

    /* Put value into header string */
    hputc (hstring,keyword,value);

    /* Return to calling program */
    return;
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*  HPUTL - Set keyword = F if lval=0, else T, in FITS header string */

static void
hputl (hstring, keyword,lval)

char *hstring;		/* FITS header */
char *keyword;		/* Keyword name */
int lval;		/* logical variable (0=false, else true) */
{
    char value[8];

    /* Translate value from binary to ASCII */
    if (lval)
	strcpy (value, "T");
    else
	strcpy (value, "F");

    /* Put value into header string */
    hputc (hstring,keyword,value);

    /* Return to calling program */
    return;
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*  HPUTS - Set character string keyword = 'cval' in FITS header string */

static void
hputs (hstring,keyword,cval)

char *hstring;	/* FITS header */
char *keyword;	/* Keyword name */
char *cval;	/* character string containing the value for variable
		   keyword.  trailing and leading blanks are removed.  */
{
    char squot = 39;
    char value[70];
    int lcval;

    /*  find length of variable string */

    lcval = strlen (cval);
    if (lcval > 67)
	lcval = 67;

    /* Put quotes around string */
    value[0] = squot;
    strncpy (&value[1],cval,lcval);
    value[lcval+1] = squot;
    value[lcval+2] = 0;

    /* Put value into header string */
    hputc (hstring,keyword,value);

    /* Return to calling program */
    return;
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*  HPUTC - Set character string keyword = value in FITS header string */

static void
hputc (hstring,keyword,value)

char *hstring;
char *keyword;
char *value;	/* character string containing the value for variable
		   keyword.  trailing and leading blanks are removed.  */
{
    char squot = 39;
    char line[100];
    char newcom[50];
    char blank[80];
    char *v, *vp, *v1, *v2, *q1, *q2, *c1, *ve;
    int lkeyword, lcom, lval, lc, i;

    for (i = 0; i < 80; i++)
	blank[i] = ' ';

    /*  find length of keyword and value */
    lkeyword = strlen (keyword);
    lval = strlen (value);

    /*  If COMMENT or HISTORY, always add it just before the END */
    if (lkeyword == 7 && (strncmp (keyword,"COMMENT",7) == 0 ||
	strncmp (keyword,"HISTORY",7) == 0)) {

	/* Find end of header */
	v1 = ksearch (hstring,"END");
	v2 = v1 + 80;

	/* Move END down one line */
	strncpy (v2, v1, 80);

	/* Insert keyword */
	strncpy (v1,keyword,7);

	/* Pad with spaces */
	for (vp = v1+lkeyword; vp < v2; vp++)
	    *vp = ' ';

	/* Insert comment */
	strncpy (v1+9,value,lval);
	return;
	}

    /* Otherwise search for keyword */
    else
	v1 = ksearch (hstring,keyword);

    /*  If parameter is not found, find a place to put it */
    if (v1 == NULL) {
	
	/* First look for blank lines before END */
        v1 = blsearch (hstring, "END");
    
	/*  Otherwise, create a space for it at the end of the header */
	if (v1 == NULL) {
	    ve = ksearch (hstring,"END");
	    v1 = ve;
	    v2 = v1 + 80;
	    strncpy (v2, ve, 80);
	    }
	else
	    v2 = v1 + 80;
	lcom = 0;
	newcom[0] = 0;
	}

    /*  Otherwise, extract the entry for this keyword from the header */
    else {
	strncpy (line, v1, 80);
	line[80] = 0;
	v2 = v1 + 80;

	/*  check for quoted value */
	q1 = strchr (line, squot);
	if (q1 != NULL)
	    q2 = strchr (q1+1,squot);
	else
	    q2 = line;

	/*  extract comment and remove trailing spaces */

	c1 = strchr (q2,'/');
	if (c1 != NULL) {
	    lcom = 80 - (c1 - line);
	    strncpy (newcom, c1+1, lcom);
	    vp = newcom + lcom - 1;
	    while (vp-- > newcom && *vp == ' ')
		*vp = 0;
	    lcom = strlen (newcom);
	    }
	else {
	    newcom[0] = 0;
	    lcom = 0;
	    }
	}

    /* Fill new entry with spaces */
    for (vp = v1; vp < v2; vp++)
	*vp = ' ';

    /*  Copy keyword to new entry */
    strncpy (v1, keyword, lkeyword);

    /*  Add parameter value in the appropriate place */
    vp = v1 + 8;
    *vp = '=';
    vp = v1 + 9;
    *vp = ' ';
    vp = vp + 1;
    if (*value == squot) {
	strncpy (vp, value, lval);
	if (lval+12 > 31)
	    lc = lval + 12;
	else
	    lc = 30;
	}
    else {
	vp = v1 + 30 - lval;
	strncpy (vp, value, lval);
	lc = 30;
	}

    /* Add comment in the appropriate place */
	if (lcom > 0) {
	    if (lc+2+lcom > 80)
		lcom = 78 - lc;
	    vp = v1 + lc + 2;     /* Jul 16 1997: was vp = v1 + lc * 2 */
	    *vp = '/';
	    vp = vp + 1;
	    strncpy (vp, newcom, lcom);
	    for (v = vp + lcom; v < v2; v++)
		*v = ' ';
	    }

	return;
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*  HPUTCOM - Set comment for keyword or on line in FITS header string */

static void
hputcom (hstring,keyword,comment)

  char *hstring;
  char *keyword;
  char *comment;
{
	char squot;
	char line[100];
	int lkeyword, lcom;
	char *vp, *v1, *v2, *c0 = NULL, *c1, *q1, *q2;

	squot = 39;

/*  Find length of variable name */
	lkeyword = strlen (keyword);

/*  If COMMENT or HISTORY, always add it just before the END */
	if (lkeyword == 7 && (strncmp (keyword,"COMMENT",7) == 0 ||
	    strncmp (keyword,"HISTORY",7) == 0)) {

	/* Find end of header */
	    v1 = ksearch (hstring,"END");
	    v2 = v1 + 80;
	    strncpy (v2, v1, 80);

	/*  blank out new line and insert keyword */
	    for (vp = v1; vp < v2; vp++)
		*vp = ' ';
	    strncpy (v1, keyword, lkeyword);
	    }

/* search header string for variable name */
	else {
	    v1 = ksearch (hstring,keyword);
	    v2 = v1 + 80;

	/* if parameter is not found, return without doing anything */
	    if (v1 == NULL) {
		return;
		}

	/* otherwise, extract entry for this variable from the header */
	    strncpy (line, v1, 80);

	/* check for quoted value */
	    q1 = strchr (line,squot);
	    if (q1 != NULL)
		q2 = strchr (q1+1,squot);
	    else
		q2 = NULL;

	    if (q2 == NULL || q2-line < 31)
		c0 = v1 + 31;
	    else
		c0 = v1 + (q2-line) + 2; /* allan: 1997-09-30, was c0=q2+2 */

	    strncpy (c0, "/ ",2);
	    }

/* create new entry */
	lcom = strlen (comment);

	if (lcom > 0) {
	    c1 = c0 + 2;
	    if (c1+lcom > v2)
		lcom = v2 - c1;
	    strncpy (c1, comment, lcom);
	    }

}
cfitsio-4.3.1/getcolsb.c0000644000225700000360000022704313472024437014431 0ustar  cagordonlhea/*  This file, getcolsb.c, contains routines that read data elements from   */
/*  a FITS image or table, with signed char (signed byte) data type.        */

/*  The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy    */
/*  Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA      */
/*  Goddard Space Flight Center.                                           */

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include "fitsio2.h"

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgpvsb(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,      /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
            LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
            signed char nulval, /* I - value for undefined pixels            */
            signed char *array, /* O - array of values that are returned     */
            int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being read).
  Undefined elements will be set equal to NULVAL, unless NULVAL=0
  in which case no checking for undefined values will be performed.
  ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined.
*/
{
    long row;
    char cdummy;
    int nullcheck = 1;
    signed char nullvalue;

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */
         nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */

        fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TSBYTE, firstelem, nelem,
            nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }
    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffgclsb(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval,
               array, &cdummy, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgpfsb(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,      /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
            LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
            signed char *array, /* O - array of values that are returned     */
            char *nularray,   /* O - array of null pixel flags               */
            int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being read).
  Any undefined pixels in the returned array will be set = 0 and the 
  corresponding nularray value will be set = 1.
  ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined.
*/
{
    long row;
    int nullcheck = 2;

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TSBYTE, firstelem, nelem,
            nullcheck, NULL, array, nularray, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffgclsb(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0,
               array, nularray, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffg2dsb(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           long  group,     /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
           signed char nulval,   /* set undefined pixels equal to this     */
           LONGLONG  ncols,     /* I - number of pixels in each row of array   */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value                 */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value                 */
           signed char *array,   /* O - array to be filled and returned    */
           int  *anynul,    /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an entire 2-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being read).  Any null
  values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless
  nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed.
*/
{
    /* call the 3D reading routine, with the 3rd dimension = 1 */

    ffg3dsb(fptr, group, nulval, ncols, naxis2, naxis1, naxis2, 1, array, 
           anynul, status);

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffg3dsb(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           long  group,     /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
           signed char nulval,   /* set undefined pixels equal to this     */
           LONGLONG  ncols,     /* I - number of pixels in each row of array   */
           LONGLONG  nrows,     /* I - number of rows in each plane of array   */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value                 */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value                 */
           LONGLONG  naxis3,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS3 value                 */
           signed char *array,   /* O - array to be filled and returned    */
           int  *anynul,    /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an entire 3-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being read).  Any null
  values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless
  nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed.
*/
{
    long tablerow, ii, jj;
    LONGLONG  nfits, narray;
    char cdummy;
    int  nullcheck = 1;
    long inc[] = {1,1,1};
    LONGLONG fpixel[] = {1,1,1};
    LONGLONG lpixel[3];
    signed char nullvalue;

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        lpixel[0] = ncols;
        lpixel[1] = nrows;
        lpixel[2] = naxis3;
        nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */

        fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TSBYTE, fpixel, lpixel, inc,
            nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */
    tablerow=maxvalue(1,group);

    if (ncols == naxis1 && nrows == naxis2)  /* arrays have same size? */
    {
       /* all the image pixels are contiguous, so read all at once */
       ffgclsb(fptr, 2, tablerow, 1, naxis1 * naxis2 * naxis3, 1, 1, nulval,
               array, &cdummy, anynul, status);
       return(*status);
    }

    if (ncols < naxis1 || nrows < naxis2)
       return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);

    nfits = 1;   /* next pixel in FITS image to read */
    narray = 0;  /* next pixel in output array to be filled */

    /* loop over naxis3 planes in the data cube */
    for (jj = 0; jj < naxis3; jj++)
    {
      /* loop over the naxis2 rows in the FITS image, */
      /* reading naxis1 pixels to each row            */

      for (ii = 0; ii < naxis2; ii++)
      {
       if (ffgclsb(fptr, 2, tablerow, nfits, naxis1, 1, 1, nulval,
          &array[narray], &cdummy, anynul, status) > 0)
          return(*status);

       nfits += naxis1;
       narray += ncols;
      }
      narray += (nrows - naxis2) * ncols;
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgsvsb(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           int  colnum,    /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st)    */
           int naxis,      /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array    */
           long  *naxes,   /* I - size of each dimension                    */
           long  *blc,     /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection    */
           long  *trc,     /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection      */
           long  *inc,     /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */
           signed char nulval, /* I - value to set undefined pixels         */
           signed char *array, /* O - array to be filled and returned       */
           int  *anynul,   /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0   */
           int  *status)   /* IO - error status                             */
/*
  Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column.
  This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions.
*/
{
    long ii, i0, i1, i2, i3, i4, i5, i6, i7, i8, row, rstr, rstp, rinc;
    long str[9], stp[9], incr[9], dir[9];
    long nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol;
    LONGLONG felem, dsize[10], blcll[9], trcll[9];
    int hdutype, anyf;
    char ldummy, msg[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    int  nullcheck = 1;
    signed char nullvalue;

    if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9)
    {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvsb is out of range", naxis);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);
    }

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) {
	    blcll[ii] = blc[ii];
	    trcll[ii] = trc[ii];
	}

        nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */

        fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TSBYTE, blcll, trcll, inc,
            nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

/*
    if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should
    be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image
    data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1).
*/
    if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
        /* this is a primary array, or image extension */
        if (colnum == 0)
        {
            rstr = 1;
            rstp = 1;
        }
        else
        {
            rstr = colnum;
            rstp = colnum;
        }
        rinc = 1;
        numcol = 2;
    }
    else
    {
        /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */
        rstr = blc[naxis];
        rstp = trc[naxis];
        rinc = inc[naxis];
        numcol = colnum;
    }

    nultyp = 1;
    if (anynul)
        *anynul = FALSE;

    i0 = 0;
    for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++)
    {
        str[ii] = 1;
        stp[ii] = 1;
        incr[ii] = 1;
        dsize[ii] = 1;
        dir[ii] = 1;
    }

    for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++)
    {
      if (trc[ii] < blc[ii])
      {
        if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
        {
           dir[ii] = -1;
        }
        else
        {
          snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvsb: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1);
          ffpmsg(msg);
          return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM);
        }
      }

      str[ii] = blc[ii];
      stp[ii] = trc[ii];
      incr[ii] = inc[ii];
      dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii];
      dsize[ii] = dsize[ii] * dir[ii];
    }
    dsize[naxis] = dsize[naxis] * dir[naxis];

    if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1)
    {
      /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */
      nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1;
      ninc = rinc;
      rstp = rstr;
    }
    else
    {
      /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */
      nelem = (stp[0]*dir[0] - str[0]*dir[0]) / inc[0] + 1;
      ninc = incr[0] * dir[0];
    }

    for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc)
    {
     for (i8 = str[8]*dir[8]; i8 <= stp[8]*dir[8]; i8 += incr[8])
     {
      for (i7 = str[7]*dir[7]; i7 <= stp[7]*dir[7]; i7 += incr[7])
      {
       for (i6 = str[6]*dir[6]; i6 <= stp[6]*dir[6]; i6 += incr[6])
       {
        for (i5 = str[5]*dir[5]; i5 <= stp[5]*dir[5]; i5 += incr[5])
        {
         for (i4 = str[4]*dir[4]; i4 <= stp[4]*dir[4]; i4 += incr[4])
         {
          for (i3 = str[3]*dir[3]; i3 <= stp[3]*dir[3]; i3 += incr[3])
          {
           for (i2 = str[2]*dir[2]; i2 <= stp[2]*dir[2]; i2 += incr[2])
           {
            for (i1 = str[1]*dir[1]; i1 <= stp[1]*dir[1]; i1 += incr[1])
            {

              felem=str[0] + (i1 - dir[1]) * dsize[1] + (i2 - dir[2]) * dsize[2] + 
                             (i3 - dir[3]) * dsize[3] + (i4 - dir[4]) * dsize[4] +
                             (i5 - dir[5]) * dsize[5] + (i6 - dir[6]) * dsize[6] +
                             (i7 - dir[7]) * dsize[7] + (i8 - dir[8]) * dsize[8];

              if ( ffgclsb(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp,
                   nulval, &array[i0], &ldummy, &anyf, status) > 0)
                   return(*status);

              if (anyf && anynul)
                  *anynul = TRUE;

              i0 += nelem;
            }
           }
          }
         }
        }
       }
      }
     }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgsfsb(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                        */
           int  colnum,    /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st)    */
           int naxis,      /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array    */
           long  *naxes,   /* I - size of each dimension                    */
           long  *blc,     /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection    */
           long  *trc,     /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection      */
           long  *inc,     /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */
           signed char *array,   /* O - array to be filled and returned     */
           char *flagval,  /* O - set to 1 if corresponding value is null   */
           int  *anynul,   /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0   */
           int  *status)   /* IO - error status                             */
/*
  Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column.
  This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions.
*/
{
    long ii,i0, i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,row,rstr,rstp,rinc;
    long str[9],stp[9],incr[9],dsize[10];
    LONGLONG blcll[9], trcll[9];
    long felem, nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol;
    int hdutype, anyf;
    signed char nulval = 0;
    char msg[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    int  nullcheck = 2;

    if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9)
    {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvsb is out of range", naxis);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);
    }

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) {
	    blcll[ii] = blc[ii];
	    trcll[ii] = trc[ii];
	}

        fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TSBYTE, blcll, trcll, inc,
            nullcheck, NULL, array, flagval, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

/*
    if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should
    be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image
    data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1).
*/
    if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
        /* this is a primary array, or image extension */
        if (colnum == 0)
        {
            rstr = 1;
            rstp = 1;
        }
        else
        {
            rstr = colnum;
            rstp = colnum;
        }
        rinc = 1;
        numcol = 2;
    }
    else
    {
        /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */
        rstr = blc[naxis];
        rstp = trc[naxis];
        rinc = inc[naxis];
        numcol = colnum;
    }

    nultyp = 2;
    if (anynul)
        *anynul = FALSE;

    i0 = 0;
    for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++)
    {
        str[ii] = 1;
        stp[ii] = 1;
        incr[ii] = 1;
        dsize[ii] = 1;
    }

    for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++)
    {
      if (trc[ii] < blc[ii])
      {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvsb: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM);
      }

      str[ii] = blc[ii];
      stp[ii] = trc[ii];
      incr[ii] = inc[ii];
      dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii];
    }

    if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1)
    {
      /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */
      nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1;
      ninc = rinc;
      rstp = rstr;
    }
    else
    {
      /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */
      nelem = (stp[0] - str[0]) / inc[0] + 1;
      ninc = incr[0];
    }

    for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc)
    {
     for (i8 = str[8]; i8 <= stp[8]; i8 += incr[8])
     {
      for (i7 = str[7]; i7 <= stp[7]; i7 += incr[7])
      {
       for (i6 = str[6]; i6 <= stp[6]; i6 += incr[6])
       {
        for (i5 = str[5]; i5 <= stp[5]; i5 += incr[5])
        {
         for (i4 = str[4]; i4 <= stp[4]; i4 += incr[4])
         {
          for (i3 = str[3]; i3 <= stp[3]; i3 += incr[3])
          {
           for (i2 = str[2]; i2 <= stp[2]; i2 += incr[2])
           {
            for (i1 = str[1]; i1 <= stp[1]; i1 += incr[1])
            {
              felem=str[0] + (i1 - 1) * dsize[1] + (i2 - 1) * dsize[2] + 
                             (i3 - 1) * dsize[3] + (i4 - 1) * dsize[4] +
                             (i5 - 1) * dsize[5] + (i6 - 1) * dsize[6] +
                             (i7 - 1) * dsize[7] + (i8 - 1) * dsize[8];

              if ( ffgclsb(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp,
                   nulval, &array[i0], &flagval[i0], &anyf, status) > 0)
                   return(*status);

              if (anyf && anynul)
                  *anynul = TRUE;

              i0 += nelem;
            }
           }
          }
         }
        }
       }
      }
     }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffggpsb( fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,      /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
            long  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            long  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
            signed char *array,   /* O - array of values that are returned   */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of group parameters from the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being read).
*/
{
    long row;
    int idummy;
    char cdummy;
    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffgclsb(fptr, 1, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0,
               array, &cdummy, &idummy, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcvsb(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           int  colnum,      /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col)  */
           LONGLONG  firstrow,   /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row)         */
           LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
           LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
           signed char nulval,   /* I - value for null pixels               */
           signed char *array,   /* O - array of values that are read       */
           int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic
  datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not
  match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled 
  by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined.
  Any undefined pixels will be set equal to the value of 'nulval' unless
  nulval = 0 in which case no checks for undefined pixels will be made.
*/
{
    char cdummy;

    ffgclsb(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval,
           array, &cdummy, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcfsb(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           int  colnum,      /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col)  */
           LONGLONG  firstrow,   /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row)         */
           LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
           LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
           signed char *array,   /* O - array of values that are read       */
           char *nularray,   /* O - array of flags: 1 if null pixel; else 0 */
           int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic
  datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not
  match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled 
  by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined.
  Nularray will be set = 1 if the corresponding array pixel is undefined, 
  otherwise nularray will = 0.
*/
{
    signed char dummy = 0;

    ffgclsb(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, dummy,
           array, nularray, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgclsb(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            int  colnum,      /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col)  */
            LONGLONG  firstrow,   /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row)         */
            LONGLONG firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
            long  elemincre,  /* I - pixel increment; e.g., 2 = every other  */
            int   nultyp,     /* I - null value handling code:               */
                              /*     1: set undefined pixels = nulval        */
                              /*     2: set nularray=1 for undefined pixels  */
            signed char nulval,   /* I - value for null pixels if nultyp = 1 */
            signed char *array,   /* O - array of values that are read       */
            char *nularray,   /* O - array of flags = 1 if nultyp = 2        */
            int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU.
  The column number may refer to a real column in an ASCII or binary table, 
  or it may refer be a virtual column in a 1 or more grouped FITS primary
  array or image extension.  FITSIO treats a primary array as a binary table
  with 2 vector columns: the first column contains the group parameters (often
  with length = 0) and the second column contains the array of image pixels.
  Each row of the table represents a group in the case of multigroup FITS
  images.

  The output array of values will be converted from the datatype of the column 
  and will be scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary.
*/
{
    double scale, zero, power = 1., dtemp;
    int tcode, maxelem, hdutype, xcode, decimals;
    long twidth, incre;
    long ii, xwidth, ntodo;
    int nulcheck, readcheck = 0;
    LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, readptr, tnull;
    LONGLONG rowlen, rownum, remain, next, rowincre;
    char tform[20];
    char message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    char snull[20];   /*  the FITS null value if reading from ASCII table  */

    double cbuff[DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double)]; /* align cbuff on word boundary */
    void *buffer;

    union u_tag {
       char charval;
       signed char scharval;
    } u;

    if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0)  /* inherit input status value if > 0 */
        return(*status);

    buffer = cbuff;

    if (anynul)
        *anynul = 0;

    if (nultyp == 2)      
       memset(nularray, 0, (size_t) nelem);   /* initialize nullarray */

    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Check input and get parameters about the column: */
    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    if (elemincre < 0)
        readcheck = -1;  /* don't do range checking in this case */

    ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, readcheck, &scale, &zero,
         tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem, &startpos, &elemnum, &incre,
         &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status);

    /* special case: read column of T/F logicals */
    if (tcode == TLOGICAL && elemincre == 1)
    {
        u.scharval = nulval;
        ffgcll(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, nultyp,
               u.charval, (char *) array, nularray, anynul, status);

        return(*status);
    }

    if (strchr(tform,'A') != NULL) 
    {
        if (*status == BAD_ELEM_NUM)
        {
            /* ignore this error message */
            *status = 0;
            ffcmsg();   /* clear error stack */
        }

        /*  interpret a 'A' ASCII column as a 'B' byte column ('8A' == '8B') */
        /*  This is an undocumented 'feature' in CFITSIO */

        /*  we have to reset some of the values returned by ffgcpr */
        
        tcode = TBYTE;
        incre = 1;         /* each element is 1 byte wide */
        repeat = twidth;   /* total no. of chars in the col */
        twidth = 1;        /* width of each element */
        scale = 1.0;       /* no scaling */
        zero  = 0.0;
        tnull = NULL_UNDEFINED;  /* don't test for nulls */
        maxelem = DBUFFSIZE;
    }

    if (*status > 0)
        return(*status);
        
    incre *= elemincre;   /* multiply incre to just get every nth pixel */

    if (tcode == TSTRING && hdutype == ASCII_TBL) /* setup for ASCII tables */
    {
      /* get the number of implied decimal places if no explicit decmal point */
      ffasfm(tform, &xcode, &xwidth, &decimals, status); 
      for(ii = 0; ii < decimals; ii++)
        power *= 10.;
    }
    /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Decide whether to check for null values in the input FITS file: */
    /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    nulcheck = nultyp; /* by default, check for null values in the FITS file */

    if (nultyp == 1 && nulval == 0)
       nulcheck = 0;    /* calling routine does not want to check for nulls */

    else if (tcode%10 == 1 &&        /* if reading an integer column, and  */ 
            tnull == NULL_UNDEFINED) /* if a null value is not defined,    */
            nulcheck = 0;            /* then do not check for null values. */

    else if (tcode == TSHORT && (tnull > SHRT_MAX || tnull < SHRT_MIN) )
            nulcheck = 0;            /* Impossible null value */

    else if (tcode == TBYTE && (tnull > 255 || tnull < 0) )
            nulcheck = 0;            /* Impossible null value */

    else if (tcode == TSTRING && snull[0] == ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED)
         nulcheck = 0;

    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Now read the pixels from the FITS column. If the column does not   */
    /*  have the same datatype as the output array, then we have to read   */
    /*  the raw values into a temporary buffer (of limited size).  In      */
    /*  the case of a vector colum read only 1 vector of values at a time  */
    /*  then skip to the next row if more values need to be read.          */
    /*  After reading the raw values, then call the fffXXYY routine to (1) */
    /*  test for undefined values, (2) convert the datatype if necessary,  */
    /*  and (3) scale the values by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn linear      */
    /*  scaling parameters.                                                */
    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    remain = nelem;           /* remaining number of values to read */
    next = 0;                 /* next element in array to be read   */
    rownum = 0;               /* row number, relative to firstrow   */

    while (remain)
    {
        /* limit the number of pixels to read at one time to the number that
           will fit in the buffer or to the number of pixels that remain in
           the current vector, which ever is smaller.
        */
        ntodo = (long) minvalue(remain, maxelem);
        if (elemincre >= 0)
        {
          ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, ((repeat - elemnum - 1)/elemincre +1));
        }
        else
        {
          ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, (elemnum/(-elemincre) +1));
        }

        readptr = startpos + (rownum * rowlen) + (elemnum * (incre / elemincre));

        switch (tcode) 
        {
            case (TBYTE):
                ffgi1b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (unsigned char *) &array[next], status);
                fffi1s1((unsigned char *)&array[next], ntodo, scale, zero,
                        nulcheck, (unsigned char) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], 
                        anynul, &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TSHORT):
                ffgi2b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (short *) buffer, status);
                fffi2s1((short  *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                       (short) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                       &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TLONG):
                ffgi4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (INT32BIT *) buffer,
                       status);
                fffi4s1((INT32BIT *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                       (INT32BIT) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                       &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TLONGLONG):
                ffgi8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (long *) buffer, status);
                fffi8s1( (LONGLONG *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, 
                           nulcheck, tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], 
                            anynul, &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TFLOAT):
                ffgr4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (float  *) buffer, status);
                fffr4s1((float  *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                       nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                       &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TDOUBLE):
                ffgr8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (double *) buffer, status);
                fffr8s1((double *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                          nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                          &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TSTRING):
                ffmbyt(fptr, readptr, REPORT_EOF, status);
       
                if (incre == twidth)    /* contiguous bytes */
                     ffgbyt(fptr, ntodo * twidth, buffer, status);
                else
                     ffgbytoff(fptr, twidth, ntodo, incre - twidth, buffer,
                               status);

                /* interpret the string as an ASCII formated number */
                fffstrs1((char *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, twidth, power,
                      nulcheck, snull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul,
                      &array[next], status);
                break;

            default:  /*  error trap for invalid column format */
                snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                   "Cannot read bytes from column %d which has format %s",
                    colnum, tform);
                ffpmsg(message);
                if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL)
                    return(*status = BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT);
                else
                    return(*status = BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT);

        } /* End of switch block */

        /*-------------------------*/
        /*  Check for fatal error  */
        /*-------------------------*/
        if (*status > 0)  /* test for error during previous read operation */
        {
	  dtemp = (double) next;
          if (hdutype > 0)
            snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,
            "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from column %d (ffgclsb).",
              dtemp+1., dtemp+ntodo, colnum);
          else
            snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,
            "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from image (ffgclsb).",
              dtemp+1., dtemp+ntodo);

         ffpmsg(message);
         return(*status);
        }

        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        /*  increment the counters for the next loop  */
        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        remain -= ntodo;
        if (remain)
        {
            next += ntodo;
            elemnum = elemnum + (ntodo * elemincre);

            if (elemnum >= repeat)  /* completed a row; start on later row */
            {
                rowincre = elemnum / repeat;
                rownum += rowincre;
                elemnum = elemnum - (rowincre * repeat);
            }
            else if (elemnum < 0)  /* completed a row; start on a previous row */
            {
                rowincre = (-elemnum - 1) / repeat + 1;
                rownum -= rowincre;
                elemnum = (rowincre * repeat) + elemnum;
            }
        }
    }  /*  End of main while Loop  */


    /*--------------------------------*/
    /*  check for numerical overflow  */
    /*--------------------------------*/
    if (*status == OVERFLOW_ERR)
    {
        ffpmsg(
        "Numerical overflow during type conversion while reading FITS data.");
        *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi1s1(unsigned char *input, /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            unsigned char tnull,  /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
            signed char nullval,  /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            signed char *output,  /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == -128.)
        {
            /* Instead of subtracting 128, it is more efficient */
            /* to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
                 output[ii] =  ( *(signed char *) &input[ii] ) ^ 0x80;
        }
        else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        { 
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] > 127)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 127;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (signed char) input[ii]; /* copy input */
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {                
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DSCHAR_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = -128;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DSCHAR_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 127;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (signed char) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == -128.)
        {
            /* Instead of subtracting 128, it is more efficient */
            /* to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] =  ( *(signed char *) &input[ii] ) ^ 0x80;
            }
        }
        else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (signed char) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DSCHAR_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = -128;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DSCHAR_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 127;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (signed char) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi2s1(short *input,         /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            short tnull,          /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
            signed char nullval,  /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            signed char *output,  /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < -128)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = -128;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > 127)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 127;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (signed char) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DSCHAR_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = -128;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DSCHAR_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 127;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (signed char) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }

                else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < -128)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = -128;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > 127)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 127;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (signed char) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DSCHAR_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = -128;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DSCHAR_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 127;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (signed char) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi4s1(INT32BIT *input,      /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            INT32BIT tnull,       /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
            signed char nullval,  /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            signed char *output,  /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < -128)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = -128;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > 127)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 127;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (signed char) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DSCHAR_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = -128;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DSCHAR_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 127;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (signed char) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < -128)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = -128;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > 127)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 127;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (signed char) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DSCHAR_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = -128;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DSCHAR_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 127;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (signed char) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi8s1(LONGLONG *input,      /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            LONGLONG tnull,       /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
            signed char nullval,  /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            signed char *output,  /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    ULONGLONG ulltemp;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero ==  9223372036854775808.)
        {       
            /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */
            /* Instead of adding 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */
            /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) {
 
                ulltemp = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000);

                if (ulltemp > 127)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 127;
                }
                else
		{
                    output[ii] = (short) ulltemp;
		}
            }
        }
        else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < -128)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = -128;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > 127)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 127;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (signed char) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DSCHAR_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = -128;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DSCHAR_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 127;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (signed char) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero ==  9223372036854775808.)
        {       
            /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */
            /* Instead of subtracting 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */
            /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) {
 
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
		{
                    ulltemp = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000);

                    if (ulltemp > 127)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 127;
                    }
                    else
		    {
                        output[ii] = (short) ulltemp;
		    }
                }
            }
        }
        else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < -128)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = -128;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > 127)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 127;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (signed char) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DSCHAR_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = -128;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DSCHAR_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 127;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (signed char) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffr4s1(float *input,         /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            signed char nullval,  /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            signed char *output,  /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    short *sptr, iret;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < DSCHAR_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = -128;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > DSCHAR_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 127;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (signed char) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DSCHAR_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = -128;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DSCHAR_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 127;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (signed char) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        sptr = (short *) input;

#if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS
        sptr++;       /* point to MSBs */
#endif
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2)
            {
              /* use redundant boolean logic in following statement */
              /* to suppress irritating Borland compiler warning message */
              if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                     output[ii] = 0;
              }
              else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < DSCHAR_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = -128;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > DSCHAR_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 127;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (signed char) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {  
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                  {
                    if (zero < DSCHAR_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = -128;
                    }
                    else if (zero > DSCHAR_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 127;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (signed char) zero;
                  }
              }
              else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DSCHAR_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = -128;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DSCHAR_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 127;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (signed char) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffr8s1(double *input,        /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            signed char nullval,  /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            signed char *output,  /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    short *sptr, iret;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < DSCHAR_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = -128;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > DSCHAR_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 127;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (signed char) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DSCHAR_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = -128;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DSCHAR_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 127;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (signed char) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        sptr = (short *) input;

#if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS
        sptr += 3;       /* point to MSBs */
#endif
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                     output[ii] = 0;
              }
              else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < DSCHAR_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = -128;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > DSCHAR_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 127;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (signed char) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {  
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                  {
                    if (zero < DSCHAR_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = -128;
                    }
                    else if (zero > DSCHAR_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 127;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (signed char) zero;
                  }
              }
              else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DSCHAR_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = -128;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DSCHAR_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 127;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (signed char) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffstrs1(char *input,         /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            long twidth,          /* I - width of each substring of chars    */
            double implipower,    /* I - power of 10 of implied decimal      */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            char  *snull,         /* I - value of FITS null string, if any   */
            signed char nullval,  /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
            signed char *output,  /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check
  for null values and do scaling if required. The nullcheck code value
  determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null
  value is an input pixel that is equal to snull.  If nullcheck= 0, then
  no special checking for nulls is performed.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    int  nullen;
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    char *cstring, message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    char *cptr, *tpos;
    char tempstore, chrzero = '0';
    double val, power;
    int exponent, sign, esign, decpt;

    nullen = strlen(snull);
    cptr = input;  /* pointer to start of input string */
    for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
    {
      cstring = cptr;
      /* temporarily insert a null terminator at end of the string */
      tpos = cptr + twidth;
      tempstore = *tpos;
      *tpos = 0;

      /* check if null value is defined, and if the    */
      /* column string is identical to the null string */
      if (snull[0] != ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED && 
         !strncmp(snull, cptr, nullen) )
      {
        if (nullcheck)  
        {
          *anynull = 1;    
          if (nullcheck == 1)
            output[ii] = nullval;
          else
            nullarray[ii] = 1;
        }
        cptr += twidth;
      }
      else
      {
        /* value is not the null value, so decode it */
        /* remove any embedded blank characters from the string */

        decpt = 0;
        sign = 1;
        val  = 0.;
        power = 1.;
        exponent = 0;
        esign = 1;

        while (*cptr == ' ')               /* skip leading blanks */
           cptr++;

        if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+')  /* check for leading sign */
        {
          if (*cptr == '-')
             sign = -1;

          cptr++;

          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip blanks between sign and value */
            cptr++;
        }

        while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9')
        {
          val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero;  /* accumulate the value */
          cptr++;

          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip embedded blanks in the value */
            cptr++;
        }

        if (*cptr == '.' || *cptr == ',')       /* check for decimal point */
        {
          decpt = 1;
          cptr++;
          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip any blanks */
            cptr++;

          while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9')
          {
            val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero;  /* accumulate the value */
            power = power * 10.;
            cptr++;

            while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip embedded blanks in the value */
              cptr++;
          }
        }

        if (*cptr == 'E' || *cptr == 'D')  /* check for exponent */
        {
          cptr++;
          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip blanks */
              cptr++;
  
          if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+')  /* check for exponent sign */
          {
            if (*cptr == '-')
               esign = -1;

            cptr++;

            while (*cptr == ' ')        /* skip blanks between sign and exp */
              cptr++;
          }

          while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9')
          {
            exponent = exponent * 10 + *cptr - chrzero;  /* accumulate exp */
            cptr++;

            while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip embedded blanks */
              cptr++;
          }
        }

        if (*cptr  != 0)  /* should end up at the null terminator */
        {
          snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Cannot read number from ASCII table");
          ffpmsg(message);
          snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Column field = %s.", cstring);
          ffpmsg(message);
          /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */
          *tpos = tempstore;
          return(*status = BAD_C2D);
        }

        if (!decpt)  /* if no explicit decimal, use implied */
           power = implipower;

        dvalue = (sign * val / power) * pow(10., (double) (esign * exponent));

        dvalue = dvalue * scale + zero;   /* apply the scaling */

        if (dvalue < DSCHAR_MIN)
        {
            *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
            output[ii] = -128;
        }
        else if (dvalue > DSCHAR_MAX)
        {
            *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
            output[ii] = 127;
        }
        else
            output[ii] = (signed char) dvalue;
      }
      /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */
      *tpos = tempstore;
    }
    return(*status);
}
cfitsio-4.3.1/getcoluk.c0000644000225700000360000022334513472024437014445 0ustar  cagordonlhea/*  This file, getcolk.c, contains routines that read data elements from   */
/*  a FITS image or table, with 'unsigned int' data type.                  */

/*  The FITSIO software was written by William Pence at the High Energy    */
/*  Astrophysic Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) at the NASA      */
/*  Goddard Space Flight Center.                                           */

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include "fitsio2.h"

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgpvuk( fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                      */
            long  group,      /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
            LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
   unsigned int   nulval,     /* I - value for undefined pixels              */
   unsigned int   *array,     /* O - array of values that are returned       */
            int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being read).
  Undefined elements will be set equal to NULVAL, unless NULVAL=0
  in which case no checking for undefined values will be performed.
  ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined.
*/
{
    long row;
    char cdummy;
    int nullcheck = 1;
    unsigned int nullvalue;

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */
         nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */

        fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TUINT, firstelem, nelem,
            nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffgcluk(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval,
               array, &cdummy, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgpfuk(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,      /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
            LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
   unsigned int   *array,     /* O - array of values that are returned       */
            char *nularray,   /* O - array of null pixel flags               */
            int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being read).
  Any undefined pixels in the returned array will be set = 0 and the 
  corresponding nularray value will be set = 1.
  ANYNUL is returned with a value of .true. if any pixels are undefined.
*/
{
    long row;
    int nullcheck = 2;

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        fits_read_compressed_pixels(fptr, TUINT, firstelem, nelem,
            nullcheck, NULL, array, nularray, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffgcluk(fptr, 2, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, 0L,
               array, nularray, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffg2duk(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           long  group,     /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
  unsigned int  nulval,    /* set undefined pixels equal to this          */
           LONGLONG  ncols,     /* I - number of pixels in each row of array   */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value                 */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value                 */
  unsigned int  *array,    /* O - array to be filled and returned         */
           int  *anynul,    /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an entire 2-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being read).  Any null
  values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless
  nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed.
*/
{
    /* call the 3D reading routine, with the 3rd dimension = 1 */

    ffg3duk(fptr, group, nulval, ncols, naxis2, naxis1, naxis2, 1, array, 
           anynul, status);

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffg3duk(fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           long  group,     /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
  unsigned int   nulval,    /* set undefined pixels equal to this          */
           LONGLONG  ncols,     /* I - number of pixels in each row of array   */
           LONGLONG  nrows,     /* I - number of rows in each plane of array   */
           LONGLONG  naxis1,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS1 value                 */
           LONGLONG  naxis2,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS2 value                 */
           LONGLONG  naxis3,    /* I - FITS image NAXIS3 value                 */
  unsigned int   *array,    /* O - array to be filled and returned         */
           int  *anynul,    /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)    /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an entire 3-D array of values to the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of the
  FITS array is not the same as the array being read).  Any null
  values in the array will be set equal to the value of nulval, unless
  nulval = 0 in which case no null checking will be performed.
*/
{
    long tablerow, ii, jj;
    char cdummy;
    int nullcheck = 1;
    long inc[] = {1,1,1};
    LONGLONG fpixel[] = {1,1,1}, nfits, narray;
    LONGLONG lpixel[3];
    unsigned int nullvalue;

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        lpixel[0] = ncols;
        lpixel[1] = nrows;
        lpixel[2] = naxis3;
        nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */

        fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TUINT, fpixel, lpixel, inc,
            nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */
    tablerow=maxvalue(1,group);

    if (ncols == naxis1 && nrows == naxis2)  /* arrays have same size? */
    {
       /* all the image pixels are contiguous, so read all at once */
       ffgcluk(fptr, 2, tablerow, 1, naxis1 * naxis2 * naxis3, 1, 1, nulval,
               array, &cdummy, anynul, status);
       return(*status);
    }

    if (ncols < naxis1 || nrows < naxis2)
       return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);

    nfits = 1;   /* next pixel in FITS image to read */
    narray = 0;  /* next pixel in output array to be filled */

    /* loop over naxis3 planes in the data cube */
    for (jj = 0; jj < naxis3; jj++)
    {
      /* loop over the naxis2 rows in the FITS image, */
      /* reading naxis1 pixels to each row            */

      for (ii = 0; ii < naxis2; ii++)
      {
       if (ffgcluk(fptr, 2, tablerow, nfits, naxis1, 1, 1, nulval,
          &array[narray], &cdummy, anynul, status) > 0)
          return(*status);

       nfits += naxis1;
       narray += ncols;
      }
      narray += (nrows - naxis2) * ncols;
    }

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgsvuk(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                         */
           int  colnum,    /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st)    */
           int naxis,      /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array    */
           long  *naxes,   /* I - size of each dimension                    */
           long  *blc,     /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection    */
           long  *trc,     /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection      */
           long  *inc,     /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */
  unsigned int  nulval,    /* I - value to set undefined pixels             */
  unsigned int  *array,    /* O - array to be filled and returned           */
           int  *anynul,   /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0   */
           int  *status)   /* IO - error status                             */
/*
  Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column.
  This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions.
*/
{
    long ii,i0, i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,row,rstr,rstp,rinc;
    long str[9],stp[9],incr[9];
    long nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol;
    LONGLONG felem, dsize[10], blcll[9], trcll[9];
    int hdutype, anyf;
    char ldummy, msg[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    int nullcheck = 1;
    unsigned int nullvalue;

    if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9)
    {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvuk is out of range", naxis);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);
    }

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) {
	    blcll[ii] = blc[ii];
	    trcll[ii] = trc[ii];
	}

        nullvalue = nulval;  /* set local variable */

        fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TUINT, blcll, trcll, inc,
            nullcheck, &nullvalue, array, NULL, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

/*
    if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should
    be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image
    data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1).
*/
    if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
        /* this is a primary array, or image extension */
        if (colnum == 0)
        {
            rstr = 1;
            rstp = 1;
        }
        else
        {
            rstr = colnum;
            rstp = colnum;
        }
        rinc = 1;
        numcol = 2;
    }
    else
    {
        /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */
        rstr = blc[naxis];
        rstp = trc[naxis];
        rinc = inc[naxis];
        numcol = colnum;
    }

    nultyp = 1;
    if (anynul)
        *anynul = FALSE;

    i0 = 0;
    for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++)
    {
        str[ii] = 1;
        stp[ii] = 1;
        incr[ii] = 1;
        dsize[ii] = 1;
    }

    for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++)
    {
      if (trc[ii] < blc[ii])
      {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvuk: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM);
      }

      str[ii] = blc[ii];
      stp[ii] = trc[ii];
      incr[ii] = inc[ii];
      dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii];
    }

    if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1)
    {
      /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */
      nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1;
      ninc = rinc;
      rstp = rstr;
    }
    else
    {
      /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */
      nelem = (stp[0] - str[0]) / inc[0] + 1;
      ninc = incr[0];
    }

    for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc)
    {
     for (i8 = str[8]; i8 <= stp[8]; i8 += incr[8])
     {
      for (i7 = str[7]; i7 <= stp[7]; i7 += incr[7])
      {
       for (i6 = str[6]; i6 <= stp[6]; i6 += incr[6])
       {
        for (i5 = str[5]; i5 <= stp[5]; i5 += incr[5])
        {
         for (i4 = str[4]; i4 <= stp[4]; i4 += incr[4])
         {
          for (i3 = str[3]; i3 <= stp[3]; i3 += incr[3])
          {
           for (i2 = str[2]; i2 <= stp[2]; i2 += incr[2])
           {
            for (i1 = str[1]; i1 <= stp[1]; i1 += incr[1])
            {
              felem=str[0] + (i1 - 1) * dsize[1] + (i2 - 1) * dsize[2] + 
                             (i3 - 1) * dsize[3] + (i4 - 1) * dsize[4] +
                             (i5 - 1) * dsize[5] + (i6 - 1) * dsize[6] +
                             (i7 - 1) * dsize[7] + (i8 - 1) * dsize[8];

              if ( ffgcluk(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp,
                   nulval, &array[i0], &ldummy, &anyf, status) > 0)
                   return(*status);

              if (anyf && anynul)
                  *anynul = TRUE;

              i0 += nelem;
            }
           }
          }
         }
        }
       }
      }
     }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgsfuk(fitsfile *fptr, /* I - FITS file pointer                         */
           int  colnum,    /* I - number of the column to read (1 = 1st)    */
           int naxis,      /* I - number of dimensions in the FITS array    */
           long  *naxes,   /* I - size of each dimension                    */
           long  *blc,     /* I - 'bottom left corner' of the subsection    */
           long  *trc,     /* I - 'top right corner' of the subsection      */
           long  *inc,     /* I - increment to be applied in each dimension */
  unsigned int  *array,    /* O - array to be filled and returned           */
           char *flagval,  /* O - set to 1 if corresponding value is null   */
           int  *anynul,   /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0   */
           int  *status)   /* IO - error status                             */
/*
  Read a subsection of data values from an image or a table column.
  This routine is set up to handle a maximum of nine dimensions.
*/
{
    long ii,i0, i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6,i7,i8,row,rstr,rstp,rinc;
    long str[9],stp[9],incr[9],dsize[10];
    LONGLONG blcll[9], trcll[9];
    long felem, nelem, nultyp, ninc, numcol;
    long nulval = 0;
    int hdutype, anyf;
    char msg[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    int nullcheck = 2;

    if (naxis < 1 || naxis > 9)
    {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"NAXIS = %d in call to ffgsvj is out of range", naxis);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_DIMEN);
    }

    if (fits_is_compressed_image(fptr, status))
    {
        /* this is a compressed image in a binary table */

        for (ii=0; ii < naxis; ii++) {
	    blcll[ii] = blc[ii];
	    trcll[ii] = trc[ii];
	}

        fits_read_compressed_img(fptr, TUINT, blcll, trcll, inc,
            nullcheck, NULL, array, flagval, anynul, status);
        return(*status);
    }

/*
    if this is a primary array, then the input COLNUM parameter should
    be interpreted as the row number, and we will alway read the image
    data from column 2 (any group parameters are in column 1).
*/
    if (ffghdt(fptr, &hdutype, status) > 0)
        return(*status);

    if (hdutype == IMAGE_HDU)
    {
        /* this is a primary array, or image extension */
        if (colnum == 0)
        {
            rstr = 1;
            rstp = 1;
        }
        else
        {
            rstr = colnum;
            rstp = colnum;
        }
        rinc = 1;
        numcol = 2;
    }
    else
    {
        /* this is a table, so the row info is in the (naxis+1) elements */
        rstr = blc[naxis];
        rstp = trc[naxis];
        rinc = inc[naxis];
        numcol = colnum;
    }

    nultyp = 2;
    if (anynul)
        *anynul = FALSE;

    i0 = 0;
    for (ii = 0; ii < 9; ii++)
    {
        str[ii] = 1;
        stp[ii] = 1;
        incr[ii] = 1;
        dsize[ii] = 1;
    }

    for (ii = 0; ii < naxis; ii++)
    {
      if (trc[ii] < blc[ii])
      {
        snprintf(msg, FLEN_ERRMSG,"ffgsvj: illegal range specified for axis %ld", ii + 1);
        ffpmsg(msg);
        return(*status = BAD_PIX_NUM);
      }

      str[ii] = blc[ii];
      stp[ii] = trc[ii];
      incr[ii] = inc[ii];
      dsize[ii + 1] = dsize[ii] * naxes[ii];
    }

    if (naxis == 1 && naxes[0] == 1)
    {
      /* This is not a vector column, so read all the rows at once */
      nelem = (rstp - rstr) / rinc + 1;
      ninc = rinc;
      rstp = rstr;
    }
    else
    {
      /* have to read each row individually, in all dimensions */
      nelem = (stp[0] - str[0]) / inc[0] + 1;
      ninc = incr[0];
    }

    for (row = rstr; row <= rstp; row += rinc)
    {
     for (i8 = str[8]; i8 <= stp[8]; i8 += incr[8])
     {
      for (i7 = str[7]; i7 <= stp[7]; i7 += incr[7])
      {
       for (i6 = str[6]; i6 <= stp[6]; i6 += incr[6])
       {
        for (i5 = str[5]; i5 <= stp[5]; i5 += incr[5])
        {
         for (i4 = str[4]; i4 <= stp[4]; i4 += incr[4])
         {
          for (i3 = str[3]; i3 <= stp[3]; i3 += incr[3])
          {
           for (i2 = str[2]; i2 <= stp[2]; i2 += incr[2])
           {
            for (i1 = str[1]; i1 <= stp[1]; i1 += incr[1])
            {
              felem=str[0] + (i1 - 1) * dsize[1] + (i2 - 1) * dsize[2] + 
                             (i3 - 1) * dsize[3] + (i4 - 1) * dsize[4] +
                             (i5 - 1) * dsize[5] + (i6 - 1) * dsize[6] +
                             (i7 - 1) * dsize[7] + (i8 - 1) * dsize[8];

              if ( ffgcluk(fptr, numcol, row, felem, nelem, ninc, nultyp,
                   nulval, &array[i0], &flagval[i0], &anyf, status) > 0)
                   return(*status);

              if (anyf && anynul)
                  *anynul = TRUE;

              i0 += nelem;
            }
           }
          }
         }
        }
       }
      }
     }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffggpuk( fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            long  group,      /* I - group to read (1 = 1st group)           */
            long  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            long  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
   unsigned int  *array,     /* O - array of values that are returned       */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of group parameters from the primary array. Data conversion
  and scaling will be performed if necessary (e.g, if the datatype of
  the FITS array is not the same as the array being read).
*/
{
    long row;
    int idummy;
    char cdummy;
    /*
      the primary array is represented as a binary table:
      each group of the primary array is a row in the table,
      where the first column contains the group parameters
      and the second column contains the image itself.
    */

    row=maxvalue(1,group);

    ffgcluk(fptr, 1, row, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, 0L,
               array, &cdummy, &idummy, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcvuk(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           int  colnum,      /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col)  */
           LONGLONG  firstrow,   /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row)         */
           LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
           LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
  unsigned int   nulval,     /* I - value for null pixels                   */
  unsigned int  *array,      /* O - array of values that are read           */
           int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic
  datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not
  match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled 
  by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined.
  Any undefined pixels will be set equal to the value of 'nulval' unless
  nulval = 0 in which case no checks for undefined pixels will be made.
*/
{
    char cdummy;

    ffgcluk(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 1, nulval,
           array, &cdummy, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcfuk(fitsfile *fptr,   /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
           int  colnum,      /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col)  */
           LONGLONG  firstrow,   /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row)         */
           LONGLONG  firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
           LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
  unsigned int   *array,     /* O - array of values that are read           */
           char *nularray,   /* O - array of flags: 1 if null pixel; else 0 */
           int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
           int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU. Automatic
  datatype conversion will be performed if the datatype of the column does not
  match the datatype of the array parameter. The output values will be scaled 
  by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if these values have been defined.
  Nularray will be set = 1 if the corresponding array pixel is undefined, 
  otherwise nularray will = 0.
*/
{
    int dummy = 0;

    ffgcluk(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 1, 2, dummy,
           array, nularray, anynul, status);
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int ffgcluk( fitsfile *fptr,  /* I - FITS file pointer                       */
            int  colnum,      /* I - number of column to read (1 = 1st col)  */
            LONGLONG  firstrow,   /* I - first row to read (1 = 1st row)         */
            LONGLONG firstelem,  /* I - first vector element to read (1 = 1st)  */
            LONGLONG  nelem,      /* I - number of values to read                */
            long  elemincre,  /* I - pixel increment; e.g., 2 = every other  */
            int   nultyp,     /* I - null value handling code:               */
                              /*     1: set undefined pixels = nulval        */
                              /*     2: set nularray=1 for undefined pixels  */
   unsigned int   nulval,     /* I - value for null pixels if nultyp = 1     */
   unsigned int  *array,      /* O - array of values that are read           */
            char *nularray,   /* O - array of flags = 1 if nultyp = 2        */
            int  *anynul,     /* O - set to 1 if any values are null; else 0 */
            int  *status)     /* IO - error status                           */
/*
  Read an array of values from a column in the current FITS HDU.
  The column number may refer to a real column in an ASCII or binary table, 
  or it may refer be a virtual column in a 1 or more grouped FITS primary
  array or image extension.  FITSIO treats a primary array as a binary table
  with 2 vector columns: the first column contains the group parameters (often
  with length = 0) and the second column contains the array of image pixels.
  Each row of the table represents a group in the case of multigroup FITS
  images.

  The output array of values will be converted from the datatype of the column 
  and will be scaled by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn values if necessary.
*/
{
    double scale, zero, power = 1., dtemp;
    int tcode, maxelem2, hdutype, xcode, decimals;
    long twidth, incre;
    long ii, xwidth, ntodo;
    int nulcheck;
    LONGLONG repeat, startpos, elemnum, readptr, tnull;
    LONGLONG rowlen, rownum, remain, next, rowincre, maxelem;
    char tform[20];
    char message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    char snull[20];   /*  the FITS null value if reading from ASCII table  */

    double cbuff[DBUFFSIZE / sizeof(double)]; /* align cbuff on word boundary */
    void *buffer;

    if (*status > 0 || nelem == 0)  /* inherit input status value if > 0 */
        return(*status);

    /* call the 'short' or 'long' version of this routine, if possible */
    if (sizeof(int) == sizeof(short))
        ffgclui(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, elemincre, nultyp,
          (unsigned short) nulval, (unsigned short *) array, nularray, anynul,
           status);
    else if (sizeof(int) == sizeof(long))
        ffgcluj(fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, elemincre, nultyp,
          (unsigned long) nulval, (unsigned long *) array, nularray, anynul,
          status);
    else
    {
    /*
      This is a special case: sizeof(int) is not equal to sizeof(short) or
      sizeof(long).  This occurs on Alpha OSF systems where short = 2 bytes,
      int = 4 bytes, and long = 8 bytes.
    */

    buffer = cbuff;

    if (anynul)
        *anynul = 0;

    if (nultyp == 2)
        memset(nularray, 0, (size_t) nelem);   /* initialize nullarray */

    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Check input and get parameters about the column: */
    /*---------------------------------------------------*/
    if ( ffgcprll( fptr, colnum, firstrow, firstelem, nelem, 0, &scale, &zero,
         tform, &twidth, &tcode, &maxelem2, &startpos, &elemnum, &incre,
         &repeat, &rowlen, &hdutype, &tnull, snull, status) > 0 )
         return(*status);
    maxelem = maxelem2;

    incre *= elemincre;   /* multiply incre to just get every nth pixel */

    if (tcode == TSTRING)    /* setup for ASCII tables */
    {
      /* get the number of implied decimal places if no explicit decmal point */
      ffasfm(tform, &xcode, &xwidth, &decimals, status); 
      for(ii = 0; ii < decimals; ii++)
        power *= 10.;
    }
    /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Decide whether to check for null values in the input FITS file: */
    /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    nulcheck = nultyp; /* by default check for null values in the FITS file */

    if (nultyp == 1 && nulval == 0)
       nulcheck = 0;    /* calling routine does not want to check for nulls */

    else if (tcode%10 == 1 &&        /* if reading an integer column, and  */ 
            tnull == NULL_UNDEFINED) /* if a null value is not defined,    */
            nulcheck = 0;            /* then do not check for null values. */

    else if (tcode == TSHORT && (tnull > SHRT_MAX || tnull < SHRT_MIN) )
            nulcheck = 0;            /* Impossible null value */

    else if (tcode == TBYTE && (tnull > 255 || tnull < 0) )
            nulcheck = 0;            /* Impossible null value */

    else if (tcode == TSTRING && snull[0] == ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED)
         nulcheck = 0;

    /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  If FITS column and output data array have same datatype, then we do */
    /*  not need to use a temporary buffer to store intermediate datatype.  */
    /*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    if (tcode == TLONG)  /* Special Case: */
    {                             /* data are 4-bytes long, so read       */
                                  /* data directly into output buffer.    */

        if (nelem < (LONGLONG)INT32_MAX/4) {
            maxelem = nelem;
        } else {
            maxelem = INT32_MAX/4;
        }
    }

    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    /*  Now read the pixels from the FITS column. If the column does not   */
    /*  have the same datatype as the output array, then we have to read   */
    /*  the raw values into a temporary buffer (of limited size).  In      */
    /*  the case of a vector colum read only 1 vector of values at a time  */
    /*  then skip to the next row if more values need to be read.          */
    /*  After reading the raw values, then call the fffXXYY routine to (1) */
    /*  test for undefined values, (2) convert the datatype if necessary,  */
    /*  and (3) scale the values by the FITS TSCALn and TZEROn linear      */
    /*  scaling parameters.                                                */
    /*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
    remain = nelem;           /* remaining number of values to read */
    next = 0;                 /* next element in array to be read   */
    rownum = 0;               /* row number, relative to firstrow   */

    while (remain)
    {
        /* limit the number of pixels to read at one time to the number that
           will fit in the buffer or to the number of pixels that remain in
           the current vector, which ever is smaller.
        */
        ntodo = (long) minvalue(remain, maxelem);      
        ntodo = (long) minvalue(ntodo, ((repeat - elemnum - 1)/elemincre +1));

        readptr = startpos + ((LONGLONG)rownum * rowlen) + (elemnum * (incre / elemincre));

        switch (tcode) 
        {
            case (TLONG):
                ffgi4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (INT32BIT *) &array[next],
                       status);
                    fffi4uint((INT32BIT *) &array[next], ntodo, scale, zero, 
                           nulcheck, (INT32BIT) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next],
                           anynul, &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TLONGLONG):

                ffgi8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (long *) buffer, status);
                fffi8uint( (LONGLONG *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, 
                           nulcheck, tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], 
                            anynul, &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TBYTE):
                ffgi1b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (unsigned char *) buffer,
                       status);
                fffi1uint((unsigned char *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero,nulcheck,
                     (unsigned char) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                     &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TSHORT):
                ffgi2b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (short  *) buffer, status);
                fffi2uint((short  *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                      (short) tnull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                      &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TFLOAT):
                ffgr4b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (float  *) buffer, status);
                fffr4uint((float  *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                       nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                       &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TDOUBLE):
                ffgr8b(fptr, readptr, ntodo, incre, (double *) buffer, status);
                fffr8uint((double *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, nulcheck, 
                          nulval, &nularray[next], anynul, 
                          &array[next], status);
                break;
            case (TSTRING):
                ffmbyt(fptr, readptr, REPORT_EOF, status);
       
                if (incre == twidth)    /* contiguous bytes */
                     ffgbyt(fptr, ntodo * twidth, buffer, status);
                else
                     ffgbytoff(fptr, twidth, ntodo, incre - twidth, buffer,
                               status);

                fffstruint((char *) buffer, ntodo, scale, zero, twidth, power,
                     nulcheck, snull, nulval, &nularray[next], anynul,
                     &array[next], status);
                break;

            default:  /*  error trap for invalid column format */
                snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,
                   "Cannot read numbers from column %d which has format %s",
                    colnum, tform);
                ffpmsg(message);
                if (hdutype == ASCII_TBL)
                    return(*status = BAD_ATABLE_FORMAT);
                else
                    return(*status = BAD_BTABLE_FORMAT);

        } /* End of switch block */

        /*-------------------------*/
        /*  Check for fatal error  */
        /*-------------------------*/
        if (*status > 0)  /* test for error during previous read operation */
        {
	  dtemp = (double) next;
          if (hdutype > 0)
            snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,
            "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from column %d (ffgcluk).",
              dtemp+1., dtemp+ntodo, colnum);
          else
            snprintf(message,FLEN_ERRMSG,
            "Error reading elements %.0f thru %.0f from image (ffgcluk).",
              dtemp+1., dtemp+ntodo);

          ffpmsg(message);
          return(*status);
        }

        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        /*  increment the counters for the next loop  */
        /*--------------------------------------------*/
        remain -= ntodo;
        if (remain)
        {
            next += ntodo;
            elemnum = elemnum + (ntodo * elemincre);

            if (elemnum >= repeat)  /* completed a row; start on later row */
            {
                rowincre = elemnum / repeat;
                rownum += rowincre;
                elemnum = elemnum - (rowincre * repeat);
            }
        }
    }  /*  End of main while Loop  */


    /*--------------------------------*/
    /*  check for numerical overflow  */
    /*--------------------------------*/
    if (*status == OVERFLOW_ERR)
    {
        ffpmsg(
        "Numerical overflow during type conversion while reading FITS data.");
        *status = NUM_OVERFLOW;
    }

    }  /* end of DEC Alpha special case */

    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi1uint(unsigned char *input,/* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            unsigned char tnull,  /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
   unsigned int  nullval,         /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
   unsigned int  *output,         /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
                output[ii] = (unsigned int) input[ii];  /* copy input */
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DUINT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DUINT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned int) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned int) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DUINT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DUINT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned int) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi2uint(short *input,        /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            short tnull,          /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
   unsigned int  nullval,         /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
   unsigned int  *output,         /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < 0)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned int) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DUINT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DUINT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned int) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < 0)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned int) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DUINT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DUINT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned int) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi4uint(INT32BIT *input,    /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            INT32BIT tnull,       /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
   unsigned int  nullval,         /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
   unsigned int  *output,         /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 2147483648.)
        {       
           /* Instead of adding 2147483648, it is more efficient */
           /* to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
               output[ii] =  ( *(unsigned int *) &input[ii] ) ^ 0x80000000;
        }
        else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < 0)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned int) input[ii]; /* copy to output */
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DUINT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DUINT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned int) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 2147483648.) 
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                   output[ii] =  ( *(unsigned int *) &input[ii] ) ^ 0x80000000;
            }
        }
        else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else if (input[ii] < 0)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned int) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DUINT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DUINT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned int) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffi8uint(LONGLONG *input,    /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            LONGLONG tnull,       /* I - value of FITS TNULLn keyword if any */
   unsigned int  nullval,         /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
   unsigned int  *output,         /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to tnull.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    ULONGLONG ulltemp;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero ==  9223372036854775808.)
        {       
            /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */
            /* Instead of adding 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */
            /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) {
 
                ulltemp = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000);

                if (ulltemp > UINT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned int) ulltemp;
            }
        }
        else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < 0)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > UINT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned int) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DUINT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DUINT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned int) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero ==  9223372036854775808.)
        {       
            /* The column we read contains unsigned long long values. */
            /* Instead of adding 9223372036854775808, it is more efficient */
            /* and more precise to just flip the sign bit with the XOR operator */

            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++) {
 
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    ulltemp = (ULONGLONG) (((LONGLONG) input[ii]) ^ 0x8000000000000000);

                    if (ulltemp > UINT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
		    {
                        output[ii] = (unsigned int) ulltemp;
		    }
                }
            }
        }
        else if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < 0)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > UINT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned int) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] == tnull)
                {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DUINT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DUINT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned int) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffr4uint(float *input,        /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
   unsigned int  nullval,         /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
   unsigned int  *output,         /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    short *sptr, iret;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < DUINT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > DUINT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned int) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DUINT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DUINT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned int) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        sptr = (short *) input;

#if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS
        sptr++;       /* point to MSBs */
#endif

        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                     output[ii] = 0;
              }
              else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < DUINT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > DUINT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned int) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 2)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = fnan(*sptr) ) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {  
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                  { 
                    if (zero < DUINT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (zero > DUINT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                      output[ii] = (unsigned int) zero;
                  }
              }
              else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DUINT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DUINT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned int) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffr8uint(double *input,       /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
   unsigned int  nullval,         /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
   unsigned int  *output,         /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file.
  Check for null values and do datatype conversion and scaling if required.
  The nullcheck code value determines how any null values in the input array
  are treated.  A null value is an input pixel that is equal to NaN.  If 
  nullcheck = 0, then no checking for nulls is performed and any null values
  will be transformed just like any other pixel.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    short *sptr, iret;

    if (nullcheck == 0)     /* no null checking required */
    {
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)      /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                if (input[ii] < DUINT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (input[ii] > DUINT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned int) input[ii];
            }
        }
        else             /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
            {
                dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                if (dvalue < DUINT_MIN)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = 0;
                }
                else if (dvalue > DUINT_MAX)
                {
                    *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                    output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                }
                else
                    output[ii] = (unsigned int) dvalue;
            }
        }
    }
    else        /* must check for null values */
    {
        sptr = (short *) input;

#if BYTESWAPPED && MACHINE != VAXVMS && MACHINE != ALPHAVMS
        sptr += 3;       /* point to MSBs */
#endif
        if (scale == 1. && zero == 0.)  /* no scaling */
        {       
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                     output[ii] = 0;
              }
              else
                {
                    if (input[ii] < DUINT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (input[ii] > DUINT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned int) input[ii];
                }
            }
        }
        else                  /* must scale the data */
        {
            for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++, sptr += 4)
            {
              if (0 != (iret = dnan(*sptr)) )  /* test for NaN or underflow */
              {
                  if (iret == 1)  /* is it a NaN? */
                  {  
                    *anynull = 1;
                    if (nullcheck == 1)
                        output[ii] = nullval;
                    else
                        nullarray[ii] = 1;
                  }
                  else            /* it's an underflow */
                  { 
                    if (zero < DUINT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (zero > DUINT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                      output[ii] = (unsigned int) zero;
                  }
              }
              else
                {
                    dvalue = input[ii] * scale + zero;

                    if (dvalue < DUINT_MIN)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = 0;
                    }
                    else if (dvalue > DUINT_MAX)
                    {
                        *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
                        output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
                    }
                    else
                        output[ii] = (unsigned int) dvalue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return(*status);
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int fffstruint(char *input,        /* I - array of values to be converted     */
            long ntodo,           /* I - number of elements in the array     */
            double scale,         /* I - FITS TSCALn or BSCALE value         */
            double zero,          /* I - FITS TZEROn or BZERO  value         */
            long twidth,          /* I - width of each substring of chars    */
            double implipower,    /* I - power of 10 of implied decimal      */
            int nullcheck,        /* I - null checking code; 0 = don't check */
                                  /*     1:set null pixels = nullval         */
                                  /*     2: if null pixel, set nullarray = 1 */
            char  *snull,         /* I - value of FITS null string, if any   */
   unsigned int nullval,          /* I - set null pixels, if nullcheck = 1   */
            char *nullarray,      /* I - bad pixel array, if nullcheck = 2   */
            int  *anynull,        /* O - set to 1 if any pixels are null     */
   unsigned int *output,          /* O - array of converted pixels           */
            int *status)          /* IO - error status                       */
/*
  Copy input to output following reading of the input from a FITS file. Check
  for null values and do scaling if required. The nullcheck code value
  determines how any null values in the input array are treated. A null
  value is an input pixel that is equal to snull.  If nullcheck= 0, then
  no special checking for nulls is performed.  If nullcheck = 1, then the
  output pixel will be set = nullval if the corresponding input pixel is null.
  If nullcheck = 2, then if the pixel is null then the corresponding value of
  nullarray will be set to 1; the value of nullarray for non-null pixels 
  will = 0.  The anynull parameter will be set = 1 if any of the returned
  pixels are null, otherwise anynull will be returned with a value = 0;
*/
{
    int nullen;
    long ii;
    double dvalue;
    char *cstring, message[FLEN_ERRMSG];
    char *cptr, *tpos;
    char tempstore, chrzero = '0';
    double val, power;
    int exponent, sign, esign, decpt;

    nullen = strlen(snull);
    cptr = input;  /* pointer to start of input string */
    for (ii = 0; ii < ntodo; ii++)
    {
      cstring = cptr;
      /* temporarily insert a null terminator at end of the string */
      tpos = cptr + twidth;
      tempstore = *tpos;
      *tpos = 0;

      /* check if null value is defined, and if the    */
      /* column string is identical to the null string */
      if (snull[0] != ASCII_NULL_UNDEFINED && 
         !strncmp(snull, cptr, nullen) )
      {
        if (nullcheck)  
        {
          *anynull = 1;    
          if (nullcheck == 1)
            output[ii] = nullval;
          else
            nullarray[ii] = 1;
        }
        cptr += twidth;
      }
      else
      {
        /* value is not the null value, so decode it */
        /* remove any embedded blank characters from the string */

        decpt = 0;
        sign = 1;
        val  = 0.;
        power = 1.;
        exponent = 0;
        esign = 1;

        while (*cptr == ' ')               /* skip leading blanks */
           cptr++;

        if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+')  /* check for leading sign */
        {
          if (*cptr == '-')
             sign = -1;

          cptr++;

          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip blanks between sign and value */
            cptr++;
        }

        while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9')
        {
          val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero;  /* accumulate the value */
          cptr++;

          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip embedded blanks in the value */
            cptr++;
        }

        if (*cptr == '.' || *cptr == ',')       /* check for decimal point */
        {
          decpt = 1;       /* set flag to show there was a decimal point */
          cptr++;
          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip any blanks */
            cptr++;

          while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9')
          {
            val = val * 10. + *cptr - chrzero;  /* accumulate the value */
            power = power * 10.;
            cptr++;

            while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip embedded blanks in the value */
              cptr++;
          }
        }

        if (*cptr == 'E' || *cptr == 'D')  /* check for exponent */
        {
          cptr++;
          while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip blanks */
              cptr++;
  
          if (*cptr == '-' || *cptr == '+')  /* check for exponent sign */
          {
            if (*cptr == '-')
               esign = -1;

            cptr++;

            while (*cptr == ' ')        /* skip blanks between sign and exp */
              cptr++;
          }

          while (*cptr >= '0' && *cptr <= '9')
          {
            exponent = exponent * 10 + *cptr - chrzero;  /* accumulate exp */
            cptr++;

            while (*cptr == ' ')         /* skip embedded blanks */
              cptr++;
          }
        }

        if (*cptr  != 0)  /* should end up at the null terminator */
        {
          snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Cannot read number from ASCII table");
          ffpmsg(message);
          snprintf(message, FLEN_ERRMSG,"Column field = %s.", cstring);
          ffpmsg(message);
          /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */
          *tpos = tempstore;
          return(*status = BAD_C2D);
        }

        if (!decpt)  /* if no explicit decimal, use implied */
           power = implipower;

        dvalue = (sign * val / power) * pow(10., (double) (esign * exponent));

        dvalue = dvalue * scale + zero;   /* apply the scaling */

        if (dvalue < DUINT_MIN)
        {
            *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
            output[ii] = 0;
        }
        else if (dvalue > DUINT_MAX)
        {
            *status = OVERFLOW_ERR;
            output[ii] = UINT_MAX;
        }
        else
            output[ii] = (long) dvalue;
      }
      /* restore the char that was overwritten by the null */
      *tpos = tempstore;
    }
    return(*status);
}