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This manual describes version 0.6 of Galois.
Copyright 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 Gerardo Ballabio
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation
License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the
Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
A copy of the license is included in AppendixB, GNU Free Documentation License.
Table of Contents
Galois is a computer game of the "falling blocks" type, but with
unique features.
Unlike most other games of that type, it is not limited to
blocks made of four two-dimensional, square bricks: you can
choose among several different brick shapes, blocks composed of
more or fewer bricks, and even between two- and
three-dimensional games.
Galois is
free software,
released under the terms of the GNU General Public License,
version 3 or later.
This essentially means that you can use, modify and redistribute
it without restrictions, except that you are required to pass
along the same freedom to everybody to whom you redistribute it.
Galois is hosted at
Savannah,
the software forge for people committed to free software.
variste Galois was a French mathematician, one of the
founders of "group theory", a framework that encompasses
nearly all fields of modern mathematics.
This game makes use internally of groups of a specific kind,
namely, symmetry groups.
Because the first falling blocks game (which unfortunately was
a proprietary program) had a name which ended in "is", I
thought calling mine Galois would be a nice homage to both.
And as an added bonus, it starts with G, like Gtk+ and GNOME.
Copyright
2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018
Gerardo Ballabio
Galois is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of
the License, or (at your option) any later version.
Galois is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
A copy of the license is included in AppendixA,
GNU General Public License version 3
.
The most recent version of Galois can be downloaded from the
Galois web site:
http://www.nongnu.org/galois/
The easiest way is to install a precompiled binary, if that is
available for your platform (see
the section called “Binary Packages”).
Otherwise, you'll have to download the source code and compile
it (see the section called “Source Installation”).
If you are upgrading from an older release, you may want to read
the upgrade notes (see the section called “Upgrade Notes”).
Galois is supposed to run on every system where the software
libraries it depends on are available (see
the section called “Dependencies”).
This includes (but is not limited to) GNU/Linux, BSD,
Microsoft Windows, and Mac OS X.
It has actually been tested on the following systems:
Debian GNU/Linux stable, i386 and amd64 architectures
(i.e., 32-bit and 64-bit PC).
The latter is my own computer, thus it is and will remain
the best supported platform in the foreseeable future.
Microsoft Windows XP and 7.
If you try it on another system, whether you succeed of fail,
please let me know.
Being a game that doesn't require fast animation nor
sophisticated graphics, Galois has very low requirements.
It should run well even on very old and cheap computers and
without hardware acceleration.
Only when new block sets are generated, which happens on level
changes in some game modes, you might see Galois "freeze" for
a short time on slow machines.
At this moment, precompiled Galois binaries are available for
the following platforms:
Debian GNU/Linux, i386 and amd64 architectures.
If you run another Debian architecture, you may download
the source package and rebuild it.
If you send to me the compiled package (and swear that it
does work correctly!), I may upload it to the Galois web
site.
The Debian package may work also on Debian-based
distributions, like Ubuntu and others.
If you try, please let me know.
Microsoft Windows: there is a Galois binary that you can
download and run, but there isn't a full installation
package which will also install documentation files and
make Galois appear on the programs menu.
The documentation is available on the Galois web site
anyway.
The binary was built on Debian GNU/Linux using the
MXE cross-compiling
environment.
For other platforms, Galois must be compiled from source (see
the section called “Source Installation”).
I am willing to provide binary packages if someone volunteers
to build and maintain them.
To install Galois from source, first you need to check that
all its dependencies are installed on your system, and install
any missing ones (see the section called “Dependencies”).
When you've done that, unpack the compressed archive file
For the make install step, you need write
permission on the installation directory.
On GNU/Linux and other Unix-compatible systems, if you are
installing in the standard place (i.e., under
In order to compile Galois, the following packages must be
installed on your system:
For all major versions of GNU/Linux, precompiled versions of
these packages are available.
Precompiled libraries are usually split into a "base" and a
"development" package (the latter has a name ending with
Package names for Debian 9 (Stretch):
base packages:
compiler and development packages:
documentation building tools:
Packages for other GNU/Linux distributions should have similar
names, particularly for Debian-based distributions.
If you are installing a precompiled binary package (see
the section called “Binary Packages”),
you normally need not worry about having the necessary
dependencies installed because the package management system
takes care automatically.
In Galois 0.3, the paths where user data files are stored were
changed to be more consistent with commonly used conventions.
If you are upgrading from an older release, existing files
will not be moved automatically to the
new paths: if you don't want to lose your settings and scores,
you must move them manually before
running the new version.
The new pathname for the settings file is
config_dir
The new pathname for the scores file is
data_dir
Galois games are played on a board made of square, hexagonal,
triangular or cubic cells, where blocks made of "bricks" packed
together, each brick filling a cell, fall at a regular pace, one
at a time, until they land on the bottom of the board or over
other blocks.
While they are falling, you can move them horizontally, rotate
and (if that option is enabled) reflect them, so that when they
land, they fit together with other blocks, leaving as few empty
cells as you can.
When a horizontal line (or, in 3D games, plane) is filled
completely with bricks, they are removed from the board, and all
bricks that were above them move down by one cell.
(You can also remove multiple lines at once if you fill them
with the same block.)
The goal is to remove lines (or planes) fast enough to prevent
bricks from piling up to the top of the board: when there is no
more space to accommodate a new falling block, the game is
over.
This becomes more and more difficult as the game proceeds,
because, depending on the selected game mode, either the speed
at which the blocks fall down, or the number of bricks composing
the blocks, increase as more lines are filled.
If you are running a graphical environment that supports the
XDG menu specification (e.g., GNOME or KDE), you'll see an
entry for Galois in the system menus (under
→
in Gnome 2) or in the equivalent function provided by your
environment (Applications overview in Gnome 3), and can start
it by clicking on that.
Otherwise, you may create a shortcut to the
To start a new game, choose
from the application menu (if your environment supports that),
or
→
from the menu bar, or press
Ctrl+N.
This command is disabled while a game is already active
(running or paused).
To pause a running game, or resume a paused game, press the
key assigned to the Pause action: by default it's
Esc.
To stop permanently a running or paused game, choose
from the application menu, or
→
from the menu bar.
If no game is currently active, this command is disabled.
To open the preferences dialog, choose
from the application menu, or
→
from the menu bar.
This command is disabled while a game is active.
To open the scores dialog, choose
from the application menu, or
→
from the menu bar.
This command is disabled while a game is active.
The scores dialog will also pop up at the end of the game
whenever you set a score that ranges within the top 10 for the
current settings, and will let you enter your name in that
entry.
To get help on Galois, choose
from the application menu, or
→
from the menu bar, or press
F1.
The Galois Manual (i.e., this document) will be displayed.
If you aren't running GNOME, this might not work; in any case
an HTML version of the manual is shipped with the source
tarball, and HTML and PDF versions can be downloaded from the
Galois web site.
To get basic information on Galois, choose
from the application menu, or
→
from the menu bar.
To quit Galois, choose
from the application menu, or
→
from the menu bar, or press
Ctrl+Q.
The Galois window contains the following elements:
At the top of the window.
It contains menu entries to start a new game; stop the
current game; open the preferences and scores dialogs;
get help and information about Galois; and quit the
program.
At the upper-right corner of the window.
At the left of the window.
This is the main element of the game interface: that's
where blocks fall.
At the right of the window.
Shows the current score, level, and number of filled
lines.
While blocks fall, you can perform the following actions on
them:
Move left or right, and in 3D games up or down.
Rotate: in 2D games there is a single rotation mode
(counterclockwise), in 3D games there are three (along
axis X, Y, and Z).
Reflect: this action can be turned on or off in the
preferences dialog.
By default it's off.
Drop: the block falls down very fast.
You can perform each of those actions by pressing the
corresponding key on the keyboard.
The mapping between actions and keys is shown in the
preferences dialog (Controls tab) and can be changed by the
user.
The default mapping is as follows:
For 2D games: ← and
→ to move the block,
↑ to rotate,
↓ to reflect (if allowed) and
space to drop the block.
For 3D games: ←,
→, ↑ and
↓ to move in the four directions,
1, 2 and
3 to rotate, 4 to
reflect (if allowed) and space to drop
the block.
I set up separate sets of controls for 2D and 3D games
because in 2D, ↑ for rotate is the norm
in falling blocks games and lets you play comfortably with a
single hand; but in 3D it is natural to use the four arrow
keys to move in the four directions.
The preferences dialog has two tabs:
Settings about the game geometry and playing modes:
Choose the game geometry among: square, hexagonal,
triangular (all these 2D), and cubic (3D), with or
without block reflection.
Choose the board width and (for 3D games) depth.
Choose what to do on level changes (every 10 filled
lines): increase game speed, maximum block size, or
superblock size.
If you choose maximum block size, you can also
choose whether to increase, keep fixed or decrease
the minimum block size.
Superblocks are blocks larger than the maximum: they
are enabled only if you choose superblock size.
Choose the initial speed level and maximum and
minimum block size.
Choose whether to remove lines also when they aren't
completely filled: up to 2 missing bricks can be
allowed.
Choose whether to preview the next block.
Choose whether to display where the block will
land.
Settings about the keyboard controls: to change any of
them, double-click on the current key label (or select
it with the keyboard and hit Enter) and
when it gets highlighted, press the key that you want to
replace it with.
Settings are saved into the file
config_dir
Galois records the scores of the best games together with
their respective settings.
The scores dialog shows the top 10 scores for the current
settings.
Scores can be filtered by various criteria, for example you
can choose whether to see only games played with a specified
initial range of block sizes, or all games played with square
bricks, or even with any brick shape.
The filters can be changed using the buttons and boxes at the
top of the scores dialog.
Scores are saved into the file
data_dir
"Freely you have received, freely give." (Matthew 10:8)
If you would like to help making Galois better, you're welcome
to contact me (see
the section called “Contact Information”).
You must agree to license your contributions as free software
under the license Galois is released with (the GNU General
Public License, version 3 or later).
The Galois web site is at
http://www.nongnu.org/galois/
The project's page on Savannah is at
https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/galois
For any requests about Galois, send email to
To subscribe to the mailing list, or browse its archives, go to
https://lists.nongnu.org/mailman/listinfo/galois-list
Version 3, 29 June 2007
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Questo manuale descrive la versione 0.6 di Galois.
Diritto d'autore 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 Gerardo Ballabio
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation
License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the
Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
A copy of the license is included in AppendiceB, GNU Free Documentation License.
Indice
Galois un videogioco del tipo con i "blocchi che cadono", ma
con caratteristiche uniche.
Diversamente dalla maggior parte degli altri giochi di questo
tipo, non limitato a blocchi fatti da quattro mattoncini
quadrati bidimensionali: potete scegliere tra varie diverse
forme di mattoncini, blocchi composti da pi o meno mattoncini,
e persino tra partite bi e tridimensionali.
Galois software
libero, rilasciato sotto le condizioni della GNU General
Public License, versione 3 o successiva.
Questo significa essenzialmente che potete usarlo, modificarlo e
redistribuirlo senza restrizioni, eccetto che vi si richiede di
trasmettere la stessa libert a tutti coloro ai quali lo
redistribuite.
Galois ospitato su
Savannah, il
sito di sviluppo software per le persone che tengono al software
libero.
variste Galois era un matematico francese, uno dei fondatori
della "teoria dei gruppi", una struttura che attraversa quasi
tutti i campi della matematica moderna.
Questo gioco fa uso internamente di gruppi di un tipo
specifico, i gruppi di simmetria.
Poich il primo gioco con i blocchi che cadono (che
sfortunatamente era un programma proprietario) aveva un nome
che terminava con "is", ho pensato che chiamare il mio Galois
sarebbe stato un bell'omaggio a entrambi.
E come bonus aggiuntivo, comincia con G, come Gtk+ e GNOME.
Copyright
2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018
Gerardo Ballabio
Galois is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of
the License, or (at your option) any later version.
Galois is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
A copy of the license is included in AppendiceA,
GNU General Public License version 3
.
La versione pi recente di Galois si pu scaricare dal sito web
di Galois:
http://www.nongnu.org/galois/
Il modo pi semplice installare un binario precompilato, se
disponibile per la vostra piattaforma (vedi
sezione chiamata Pacchetti binari).
Altrimenti, dovrete scaricare il codice sorgente e compilarlo
(vedi sezione chiamata Installazione da sorgente).
Se state aggiornando da una versione pi vecchia, vi pu
interessare leggere le note per l'aggiornamento (vedi
sezione chiamata Note per l'aggiornamento).
Galois dovrebbe funzionare su qualunque sistema sul quale le
librerie software da cui dipende siano disponibili (vedi
sezione chiamata Dipendenze).
Questo comprende (ma non limitato a) GNU/Linux, BSD,
Microsoft Windows, e Mac OS X.
stato effettivamente testato sui seguenti sistemi:
Debian GNU/Linux stabile, architetture i386 e amd64 (cio
PC a 32 e a 64 bit).
Il secondo il mio computer, quindi e rester la
piattaforma meglio supportata nel futuro prevedibile.
Microsoft Windows XP e 7.
Se lo provate su un altro sistema, sia che riusciate o che
falliate, per favore fatemi sapere.
Essendo un gioco che non richiede un'animazione veloce n
grafica sofisticata, Galois ha requisiti molto ridotti.
Dovrebbe funzionare bene anche su computer molto vecchi ed
economici e senza accelerazione hardware.
Solo quando vengono generate delle nuove serie di blocchi, il
che accade ai cambi di livello in alcune modalit di gioco,
potreste vedere Galois "congelarsi" per un breve tempo su
macchine lente.
In questo momento, binari precompilati di Galois sono
disponibili per le seguenti piattaforme:
Debian GNU/Linux, architetture i386 e amd64.
Se usate un'altra architettura Debian, potete scaricare il
pacchetto sorgente e ricompilarlo.
Se mi mandate il pacchetto compilato (e giurate che
funziona correttamente!), posso caricarlo sul sito web di
Galois.
Il pacchetto Debian potrebbe funzionare anche su
distribuzioni derivate da Debian, come Ubuntu e altre.
Se provate, per favore fatemi sapere.
Microsoft Windows: c' un binario di Galois che potete
scaricare ed eseguire, ma non c' un pacchetto di
installazione completo che installi anche i file di
documentazione e faccia comparire Galois nel men dei
programmi.
La documentazione comunque disponibile sul sito web di
Galois.
Il binario stato compilato su Debian GNU/Linux usando
l'ambiente di cross-compilazione
MXE.
Per le altre piattaforme, Galois deve essere compilato da
sorgente (vedi
sezione chiamata Installazione da sorgente).
Sono disponibile a fornire pacchetti binari se qualcuno si
offre volontario per compilarli e mantenerli.
Per installare Galois da sorgente, per prima cosa dovete
controllare che tutte le sue dipendenze siano installate sul
vostro sistema, e installare tutte quelle mancanti (vedi
sezione chiamata Dipendenze).
Quando avete fatto questo, estraete il file archivio compresso
Per il passo make install, dovete avere il
permesso di scrittura sulla directory di installazione.
Su GNU/Linux e altri sistemi Unix-compatibili, se state
installando nella posizione standard (cio sotto
Per poter compilare Galois, i seguenti pacchetti devono essere
installati sul vostro sistema:
Per tutte le principali versioni di GNU/Linux, versioni
precompilate di questi pacchetti sono disponibili.
Le librerie precompilate sono solitamente suddivise in un
pacchetto "base" e uno "di sviluppo" (il secondo ha un nome
che termina con
Nomi dei pacchetti per Debian 9 (Stretch):
pacchetti base:
compilatore e pacchetti di sviluppo:
strumenti per compilare la documentazione:
I pacchetti per altre distribuzioni di GNU/Linux dovrebbero
avere nomi simili, in particolare per le distribuzioni
derivate da Debian.
Se state installando un pacchetto binario precompilato (vedi
sezione chiamata Pacchetti binari),
normalmente non vi dovete preoccupare di avere le necessarie
dipendenze installate perch il sistema di gestione dei
pacchetti se ne occupa automaticamente.
In Galois 0.3, i path dove sono conservati i file di dati
degli utenti sono stati cambiati per essere pi coerenti con
le convenzioni comunemente usate.
Se state aggiornando da una release pi vecchia, i file
esistenti non verranno spostati
automaticamente nei nuovi path: se non volete perdere le
vostre impostazioni e i punteggi, dovete spostarli manualmente
prima di lanciare la nuova versione.
Il nuovo pathname per il file delle impostazioni
config_dir
Il nuovo pathname per il file dei punteggi
data_dir
Le partite di Galois si giocano su un tabellone fatto di celle
quadrate, esagonali, triangolari o cubiche, dove blocchi fatti
di "mattoncini" attaccati insieme, ciascuno dei quali occupa una
cella, cadono a passo costante, uno per volta, finch si posano
sul fondo del tabellone o sopra altri blocchi.
Mentre cadono, potete muoverli orizzontalmente, ruotarli e (se
questa opzione abilitata) rifletterli, in modo che quando si
posano, si incastrino con gli altri blocchi, lasciando meno
celle vuote possibile.
Quando una linea orizzontale (o, nelle partite 3D, un piano)
occupata completamente da mattoncini, questi vengono rimossi dal
tabellone, e tutti i mattoncini che stavano sopra di loro
scendono di una cella.
(Potete anche rimuovere pi linee in una volta sola se le
completate con lo stesso blocco.)
L'obiettivo rimuovere le linee (o i piani) abbastanza in
fretta da evitare che i mattoncini si impilino fino alla cima
del tabellone: quando non c' pi spazio per collocare un nuovo
blocco che cade, la partita finita.
Questo diventa sempre pi difficile man mano che la partita
procede, perch, a seconda della modalit di gioco selezionata,
o la velocit con cui i blocchi cadono, o il numero di
mattoncini che compongono i blocchi, aumenta man mano che pi
linee vengono completate.
Se state utilizzando un ambiente grafico che supporta la
specificazione dei men XDG (per esempio GNOME o KDE), vedrete
una voce per Galois nei men di sistema (sotto
→
in Gnome 2) o nella funzionalit equivalente fornita dal
vostro ambiente (panoramica delle applicazioni in Gnome 3), e
potete lanciarlo cliccando su di essa.
Altrimenti, potete creare un collegamento al file eseguibile
Per iniziare una nuova partita, scegliete
dal men dell'applicazione (se il vostro ambiente lo
supporta), o
→
dalla barra dei men, o premete
Ctrl+N.
Questo comando disattivato quando una partita gi attiva
(in corso o in pausa).
Per mettere in pausa una partita, o far ripartire una partita
in pausa, premete il tasto assegnato all'azione Pause: di
regola Esc.
Per fermare definitivamente una partita in corso o in pausa,
scegliete
dal men dell'applicazione, o
→
dalla barra dei men.
Se non c' al momento una partita attiva, questo comando
disattivato.
Per aprire la finestra delle preferenze, scegliete
dal men dell'applicazione, o
→
dalla barra dei men.
Questo comando disattivato quando c' una partita attiva.
Per aprire la finestra dei punteggi, scegliete
dal men dell'applicazione, o
→
dalla barra dei men.
Questo comando disattivato quando c' una partita attiva.
La finestra dei punteggi si aprir anche alla fine della
partita ogni volta che realizzate un punteggio che si collochi
tra i primi 10 per le impostazioni correnti, e vi permetter
di inserire il vostro nome in quella riga.
Per avere aiuto su Galois, scegliete
dal men dell'applicazione, o
→
dalla barra dei men, o premete
F1.
Il Manuale di Galois (cio questo documento) verr
visualizzato.
Se non state utilizzando GNOME, questo potrebbe non
funzionare; in ogni caso una versione HTML del manuale
distribuita con l'archivio dei sorgenti, e le versioni HTML e
PDF possono essere scaricate dal sito web di Galois.
Per avere informazioni di base su Galois, scegliete
dal men dell'applicazione, o
→
dalla barra dei men.
Per uscire da Galois, scegliete
dal men dell'applicazione, o
→
dalla barra dei men, o premete
Ctrl+Q.
La finestra di Galois contiene i seguenti elementi:
In cima alla finestra.
Contiene le voci del men per iniziare una nuova
partita; fermare la partita in corso; aprire le finestre
delle preferenze e dei punteggi; ottenere aiuto e
informazioni su Galois; e uscire dal programma.
Nell'angolo in alto a destra della finestra.
Sulla sinistra della finestra.
Questo l'elemento principale dell'interfaccia del
gioco: qui dove cadono i blocchi.
Sulla destra della finestra.
Mostra il punteggio attuale, il livello, e il numero di
linee completate.
Mentre i blocchi cadono, potete compiere le seguenti azioni su
di essi:
Muoverli a destra o a sinistra, e nelle partite 3D in alto
e in basso.
Ruotarli: nelle partite 2D c' un solo modo di rotazione
(in senso antiorario), nelle partite 3D ce ne sono tre
(intorno agli assi X, Y, e Z).
Rifletterli: questa azione pu essere attivata o
disattivata nella finestra delle preferenze.
Inizialmente disattivata.
Farli cadere: il blocco cade gi molto velocemente.
Potete eseguire ciascuna di queste azioni premendo il tasto
corrispondente sulla tastiera.
La mappatura tra azioni e tasti mostrata nella finestra
delle preferenze (scheda Controls) e pu essere cambiata
dall'utente.
La mappatura di partenza come segue:
Per le partite 2D: ← e
→ per muovere il blocco,
↑ per ruotarlo,
↓ per rifletterlo (se permesso) e
spazio per far cadere il blocco.
Per le partite 3D: ←,
→, ↑ e
↓ per muovere nelle quattro
direzioni, 1, 2 e
3 per ruotare, 4 per
riflettere (se permesso) e spazio per
far cadere il blocco.
Ho impostato diversi gruppi di controlli per le partite 2D e
3D perch in 2D, ↑ per ruotare la
norma nei giochi con i blocchi che cadono e permette di
giocare comodamente con una sola mano; ma in 3D naturale
usare i quattro tasti freccia per muovere nelle quattro
direzioni.
La finestra delle preferenze ha due schede:
Impostazioni sulla geometria e le modalit di gioco:
Scegliete la geometria tra: quadrata, esagonale,
triangolare (tutte queste 2D), e cubica (3D), con o
senza riflessione dei blocchi.
Scegliete la larghezza del tabellone e (per le
partite in 3D) la profondit.
Scegliete cosa fare ai cambi di livello (ogni 10
linee completate): aumentare la velocit del gioco,
la dimensione massima dei blocchi, o la dimensione
dei superblocchi.
Se scegliete la dimensione massima dei blocchi,
potete anche scegliere se aumentare, tenere fissa o
diminuire la dimensione minima.
I superblocchi sono blocchi pi grandi del massimo:
sono abilitati solo se scegliete la dimensione dei
superblocchi.
Scegliete il livello di velocit iniziale e la
dimensione massima e minima dei blocchi.
Scegliete se rimuovere le linee anche quando non
sono completamente piene: si possono permettere fino
a 2 mattoncini mancanti.
Scegliete se visualizzare il prossimo blocco.
Scegliete se visualizzare dove si poser il blocco.
Impostazioni sui tasti di controllo: per cambiarne uno,
fate doppio clic sul nome del tasto corrente (o
selezionatelo con la tastiera e premete
Invio) e quando viene evidenziato,
premete il tasto con cui lo volete sostituire.
Le impostazioni sono salvate nel file
config_dir
Galois registra i punteggi delle migliori partite insieme alle
rispettive impostazioni.
La finestra dei punteggi mostra i migliori 10 punteggi per le
impostazioni correnti.
I punteggi possono essere filtrati secondo vari criteri, per
esempio potete scegliere se vedere solo le partite giocate con
uno specifico intervallo di dimensioni iniziali, o tutte le
partite giocate con mattoncini quadrati, o persino con
qualunque forma di mattoncini.
I filtri possono essere cambiati usando i pulsanti e i campi
in cima alla finestra dei punteggi.
I punteggi sono salvati nel file
data_dir
"Gratuitamente avete ricevuto, gratuitamente date." (Matteo 10,8)
Se desiderate aiutare a migliorare Galois, siete invitati a
contattarmi (vedi
sezione chiamata Informazioni per contatti).
Dovete accettare di rilasciare i vostri contributi come software
libero sotto la licenza con cui Galois rilasciato (la GNU
General Public License, versione 3 o successiva).
Il sito web di Galois su
http://www.nongnu.org/galois/
La pagina del progetto su Savannah
https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/galois
Per qualsiasi richiesta su Galois, mandate una email a
Per iscrivervi alla mailing list, o consultare i suoi archivi,
andate su
https://lists.nongnu.org/mailman/listinfo/galois-list
Version 3, 29 June 2007
Copyright 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
http://fsf.org/
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server. A “Massive Multiauthor Collaboration” (or
“MMC”) contained in the site means any set of copyrightable
works thus published on the MMC site.
“CC-BY-SA” means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike
3.0 license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit
corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco,
California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license published
by that same organization.
“Incorporate” means to publish or republish a Document, in
whole or in part, as part of another Document.
An MMC is “eligible for relicensing” if it is licensed under
this License, and if all works that were first published under this
License somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in
whole or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant
sections, and (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.
The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site
under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009,
provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.
To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the
License in the document and put the following copyright and license
notices just after the title page:
If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
replace the “with… Texts.” line with this:
If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
situation.
If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free
software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit their
use in free software.
galois-0.6/doc/figure1.png 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000161644 13312016673 013270 0 ustar io io PNG
IHDR K˯ bKGD pHYs + tIME/J/ iTXtComment figure1.png -- image for galois manual.
Copyright (C) 2012-2018 Gerardo Ballabio
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this image under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Free Documentation License along with this image. If not, see Revision History Revision Version 0.1 November 2012 Revision Version 0.2 January 2013 Revision Version 0.3 March 2014 Revision Version 0.4 July 2015 Revision Version 0.5 November 2017 Revision Version 0.6 June 2018 
galois-0.6.tar.gz in a directory of your
choice.
Then open a command-line shell (console or terminal), change
to the base directory of the unpacked source tree,
galois-0.6, and type the following
commands:
./configure
make
make install
configure has many command-line options
by which you can specify where to install, where to find
dependencies (you'll need this if they are installed in
nonstandard places), which compiler flags to use, and so on.
Run ./configure --help for a complete list.
/usr/local), this means you must run that
command as root (use su or
sudo).
-dev or -devel).
In order to compile Galois, you must install both; while in
order to run the compiled program, only the base packages are
required.
If you also want to be able to rebuild the HTML and PDF
versions of the documentation, you'll need these too:
libgtkmm-3.0-1v5,
libxml++2.6-2v5.
make, g++,
libgtkmm-3.0-dev,
libxml++2.6-dev.
xmlto, dblatex,
texlive-lang-italian (for the Italian
version).
/galois/galois.conf,
where config_dir is the path
returned by the glibmm function
get_user_config_dir() on your computer
(typically $HOME/.config on GNU/Linux
systems).
The old pathname was
config_dir/galois.conf
(without the galois subdirectory).
You must create the subdirectory and move the file therein.
/galois/galois.res,
where data_dir is the path returned by
the glibmm function
get_user_data_dir() on your computer
(typically $HOME/.local/share on
GNU/Linux systems).
The old pathname was
data_dir/galois.res
(without the galois subdirectory).
You must create the subdirectory and move the file therein.
galois executable file on your desktop
(if your environment allows desktop shortcuts), or open a file
manager and browse to the directory where it was installed
(typically /usr/games or
/usr/local/games on GNU/Linux systems),
or run it from the command line.
/galois/galois.conf,
where config_dir is the path
returned by the glibmm function
get_user_config_dir() on your computer
(typically $HOME/.config on GNU/Linux
systems).
You may restore the pristine settings by deleting that file.
/galois/galois.res,
where data_dir is the path returned by
the glibmm function
get_user_data_dir() on your computer
(typically $HOME/.local/share on
GNU/Linux systems).
<galois-list@nongnu.org>
A.
GNU General Public License version 3
Preamble
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
0. Definitions.
1. Source Code.
2. Basic Permissions.
3. Protecting Users’ Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.
5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
7. Additional Terms.
8. Termination.
9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
11. Patents.
12. No Surrender of Others’ Freedom.
13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
14. Revised Versions of this License.
15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
16. Limitation of Liability.
17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
one line to give the program’s name and a brief idea of what it does.
Copyright (C) year name of author
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
program Copyright (C) year name of author
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type ‘show w’.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type ‘show c’ for details.
show w’ and
‘show c’ should show the appropriate parts of
the General Public License. Of course, your program’s commands might be
different; for a GUI interface, you would use an “about box”.
B.GNU Free Documentation License
0. PREAMBLE
1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
2. VERBATIM COPYING
3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
4. MODIFICATIONS
5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
8. TRANSLATION
9. TERMINATION
10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
11. RELICENSING
ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
Copyright YEAR YOUR NAME
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version
published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in
the section entitled “GNU Free Documentation License”.
with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the Front-Cover Texts
being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
sW*z㸙3gR!\1m]5
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Vk4"̤> -WYup "AH ܍F#%KPNa2WXs( ˹.˼y,[!}p,˞8q"??|~ƯCei[VU V߾}gΜ na@wBa0ġ*.ܻJ P]'m/x1 rBixH :'Ϙ?"c(<.zzPi0i&.8!}pgYV{aƐ<'BE)8 W";;: u ё@w0ڵk;v0n!LpQ[%҂σ*+ L^%+O:uB:: BβZfrYQk1Q v Uf3f vIHwv4"̸]& BcJ3ЧOj*.Mw vy~6/
galois-0.6/doc/galois-it.xml 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000072764 13314511147 013634 0 ustar io io
Diario delle Revisioni Revisione Versione 0.1 Novembre 2012 Revisione Versione 0.2 Gennaio 2013 Revisione Versione 0.3 Marzo 2014 Revisione Versione 0.4 Luglio 2015 Revisione Versione 0.5 Novembre 2017 Revisione Versione 0.6 Giugno 2018 galois-0.6.tar.gz in una directory a
vostra scelta.
Poi aprite una shell di comando (console o terminale),
spostatevi nella directory base dell'albero dei sorgenti
estratto, galois-0.6, e scrivete i
seguenti comandi:
./configure
make
make install
configure ha molte opzioni da riga di
comando con cui potete specificare dove installare, dove
trovare le dipendenze (questo vi servir se sono installate in
posizioni non standard), quali flag di compilazione usare, e
cos via.
Eseguite ./configure --help per una lista
completa.
/usr/local), ci vuol dire che dovete
eseguire questo comando come root (usate su
o sudo).
-dev o
-devel).
Per compilare Galois, dovete installare entrambi; mentre per
eseguire il programma compilato, sono richiesti solo i
pacchetti base.
Se volete anche poter ricompilare le versioni HTML e PDF della
documentazione, vi serviranno anche questi:
libgtkmm-3.0-1v5,
libxml++2.6-2v5.
make, g++,
libgtkmm-3.0-dev,
libxml++2.6-dev.
xmlto, dblatex,
texlive-lang-italian (per la versione
italiana).
/galois/galois.conf,
dove config_dir il path restituito
dalla funzione di glibmm
get_user_config_dir() sul vostro computer
(tipicamente $HOME/.config nei sistemi
GNU/Linux).
Il vecchio pathname era
config_dir/galois.conf
(senza la sottodirectory galois).
Dovete creare la sottodirectory e spostarvi il file.
/galois/galois.res,
dove data_dir il path restituito dalla
funzione di glibmm get_user_data_dir()
sul vostro computer (tipicamente
$HOME/.local/share nei sistemi
GNU/Linux).
Il vecchio pathname era
data_dir/galois.res
(senza la sottodirectory galois).
Dovete creare la sottodirectory e spostarvi il file.
galois sul vostro desktop (se il vostro
ambiente permette i collegamenti sul desktop), o aprire un
file manager e navigare nella directory dove esso stato
installato (tipicamente /usr/games o
/usr/local/games nei sistemi GNU/Linux),
o eseguirlo dalla riga di comando.
/galois/galois.conf,
dove config_dir il path restituito
dalla funzione di glibmm
get_user_config_dir() sul vostro computer
(tipicamente $HOME/.config nei sistemi
GNU/Linux).
Potete ripristinare le impostazioni iniziali cancellando
questo file.
/galois/galois.res,
dove data_dir il path restituito dalla
funzione di glibmm
get_user_data_dir() sul vostro computer
(tipicamente $HOME/.local/share nei
sistemi GNU/Linux).
<galois-list@nongnu.org>
A.
GNU General Public License version 3
Preamble
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
0. Definitions.
1. Source Code.
2. Basic Permissions.
3. Protecting Users’ Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.
5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
7. Additional Terms.
8. Termination.
9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
11. Patents.
12. No Surrender of Others’ Freedom.
13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
14. Revised Versions of this License.
15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
16. Limitation of Liability.
17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
one line to give the program’s name and a brief idea of what it does.
Copyright (C) year name of author
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
program Copyright (C) year name of author
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type ‘show w’.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type ‘show c’ for details.
show w’ and
‘show c’ should show the appropriate parts of
the General Public License. Of course, your program’s commands might be
different; for a GUI interface, you would use an “about box”.
B.GNU Free Documentation License
0. PREAMBLE
1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
2. VERBATIM COPYING
3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
4. MODIFICATIONS
5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
8. TRANSLATION
9. TERMINATION
10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
11. RELICENSING
ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
Copyright YEAR YOUR NAME
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version
published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in
the section entitled “GNU Free Documentation License”.
with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the Front-Cover Texts
being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.