ocr-1.0.6/0000755000175000017500000000000011716212264011643 5ustar dalitzdalitzocr-1.0.6/MANIFEST.in0000644000175000017500000000072511716171513013406 0ustar dalitzdalitzrecursive-include src *.cpp *.c *.h makefile.* *.hpp *.hxx *.cxx *.txt ANNOUNCE CHANGES INSTALL KNOWN_BUGS LICENSE README TODO recursive-include include *.cpp *.c *.h makefile.* *.hpp *.hxx *.cxx *.txt ANNOUNCE CHANGES INSTALL KNOWN_BUGS LICENSE README TODO recursive-include scripts ocr4gamera include ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS CHANGES TODO INSTALL LICENSE README KNOWN_BUGS MANIFEST.in version recursive-include doc *.txt *.html *.css *.py *.jpg *.jpeg *.png *.gif *.fig ocr-1.0.6/LICENSE0000644000175000017500000003542311716171513012660 0ustar dalitzdalitz GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 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END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS ocr-1.0.6/setup.py0000700000175000017500000000277411716171513013361 0ustar dalitzdalitz#!/usr/bin/env python from distutils.core import setup, Extension from gamera import gamera_setup # Some meta data of the toolkit TOOLKIT_NAME = "ocr" VERSION = open("version", 'r').readlines()[0].strip() AUTHOR = "Rene Baston and Christoph Dalitz" HOMEPAGE = "http://gamera.sourceforge.net/" DESCRIPTION = "An addon OCR toolkit for the Gamera framework for document analysis and recognition." LICENSE = "GNU GPL version 2" # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- # You should not usually have to edit anything below, but it is # implemented here and not in the Gamera core so that you can edit it # if you need to do something more complicated (for example, building # and linking to a third- party library). # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- PLUGIN_PATH = 'gamera/toolkits/%s/plugins/' % TOOLKIT_NAME PACKAGE = 'gamera.toolkits.%s' % TOOLKIT_NAME PLUGIN_PACKAGE = PACKAGE + ".plugins" plugins = gamera_setup.get_plugin_filenames(PLUGIN_PATH) plugin_extensions = gamera_setup.generate_plugins(plugins, PLUGIN_PACKAGE) # This is a standard distutils setup initializer. If you need to do # anything more complex here, refer to the Python distutils documentation. setup(name=TOOLKIT_NAME, version=VERSION, license=LICENSE, url=HOMEPAGE, author=AUTHOR, description=DESCRIPTION, ext_modules = plugin_extensions, packages = [PACKAGE, PLUGIN_PACKAGE], scripts = ['scripts/ocr4gamera.py']) ocr-1.0.6/gamera/0000755000175000017500000000000011716212264013077 5ustar dalitzdalitzocr-1.0.6/gamera/toolkits/0000755000175000017500000000000011716212264014747 5ustar dalitzdalitzocr-1.0.6/gamera/toolkits/ocr/0000755000175000017500000000000011716212264015532 5ustar dalitzdalitzocr-1.0.6/gamera/toolkits/ocr/ocr_toolkit.py0000644000175000017500000003632411716210324020437 0ustar dalitzdalitz# # Copyright (C) 2009-2010 Rene Baston, Christoph Dalitz # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or # modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License # as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 # of the License, or (at your option) any later version. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. # from gamera.core import * init_gamera() from gamera import knn from gamera.plugins import pagesegmentation from gamera.classify import ShapedGroupingFunction from gamera.plugins.image_utilities import union_images from gamera.plugins.listutilities import median from gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes import Textline import unicodedata import sys import time def return_char(unicode_str, extra_chars_dict={}): """Converts a unicode character name to a unicode symbol. Signature: ``return_char (classname, extra_chars_dict={})`` with *classname*: A class name derived from a unicode character name. Example: ``latin.small.letter.a`` returns the character ``a``. *extra_chars_dict* A dictionary of additional translations of classnames to character codes. This is necessary when you use class names that are not unicode names. The character 'code' does not need to be an actual code, but can be any string. This can be useful, e.g. for ligatures: .. code:: Python return_char(glyph.get_main_id(), {'latin.small.ligature.st':'st'}) When *classname* is not listed in *extra_chars_dict*, it must correspond to a `standard unicode character name`_, as in the examples of the following table: .. _`standard unicode character names`: http://www.unicode.org/charts/ +-----------+----------------------------+----------------------------+ | Character | Unicode Name | Class Name | +===========+============================+============================+ | ``!`` | ``EXCLAMATION MARK`` | ``exclamation.mark`` | +-----------+----------------------------+----------------------------+ | ``2`` | ``DIGIT TWO`` | ``digit.two`` | +-----------+----------------------------+----------------------------+ | ``A`` | ``LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A`` | ``latin.capital.letter.a`` | +-----------+----------------------------+----------------------------+ | ``a`` | ``LATIN SMALL LETTER A`` | ``latin.small.letter.a`` | +-----------+----------------------------+----------------------------+ """ if len(extra_chars_dict) > 0: try: return extra_chars_dict[unicode_str] except: pass name = unicode_str.upper() # some xml-files might be corrupted due to wrong grouping if name.startswith('_GROUP.'): name = name[len('_GROUP.'):] if name.startswith('_PART.'): name = name[len('_PART.'):] name = name.replace(".", " ") try: return unicodedata.lookup(name) except KeyError: strings = unicode_str.split(".") if(strings[0] == "collated"): return strings[1] if(strings[0] == "cursive"): return return_char(unicode_str[8:]) else: print "ERROR: Name not found:", name return "" def chars_make_words(lines_glyphs,threshold=None): """Groups the given glyphs to words based upon the horizontal distance between adjacent glyphs. Signature: ``chars_make_words (glyphs, threshold=None)`` with *glyphs*: A list of ``Cc`` data types, each of which representing a character. All glyphs must stem from the same single line of text. *threshold*: Horizontal white space greater than *threshold* will be considered a word separating gap. When ``None``, the threshold value is calculated automatically as 2.5 times teh median white space between adjacent glyphs. The result is a nested list of glyphs with each sublist representing a word. This is the same data structure as used in `Textline.words`_ .. _`Textline.words`: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Textline.html """ glyphs = lines_glyphs[:] wordlist = [] if(threshold == None): spacelist = [] total_space = 0 for i in range(len(glyphs) - 1): spacelist.append(glyphs[i + 1].ul_x - glyphs[i].lr_x) if(len(spacelist) > 0): threshold = median(spacelist) threshold = threshold * 2.5 else: threshold = 0 word = [] for i in range(len(glyphs)): if i > 0: if((glyphs[i].ul_x - glyphs[i - 1].lr_x) > threshold): wordlist.append(word) word = [] word.append(glyphs[i]) if(len(word) > 0): wordlist.append(word) return wordlist def __char_touches_top(glyph, line): """Returns true when the top of the character is close to the top of the line.""" #if glyph.ul_y < line.bbox.center_y-(line.bbox.nrows/4): if glyph.ul_y <= line.bbox.ul_y+(line.bbox.nrows/5): return True else: return False def textline_to_string(line, heuristic_rules="roman", extra_chars_dict={}): """Returns a unicode string of the text in the given ``Textline``. Signature: ``textline_to_string (textline, heuristic_rules="roman", extra_chars_dict={})`` with *textline*: A ``Textline`` object containing the glyphs. The glyphs must already be classified. *heuristic_rules*: Depending on the alphabeth, some characters can very similar and need further heuristic rules for disambiguation, like apostroph and comma, which have the same shape and only differ in their position relative to the baseline. When set to \"roman\", several rules specific for latin alphabeths are applied. *extra_chars_dict* A dictionary of additional translations of classnames to character codes. This is necessary when you use class names that are not unicode names. Will be passed to `return_char`_. As this function uses `return_char`_, the class names of the glyphs in *textline* must corerspond to unicode character names, as described in the documentation of `return_char`_. .. _`return_char`: #return-char """ wordlist = line.words s = "" char = "" for i in range(len(wordlist)): if(i): s = s + " " for glyph in wordlist[i]: char = return_char(glyph.get_main_id(), extra_chars_dict) if (heuristic_rules == "roman"): # disambiguation of similar roman characters if (char == "x" or char == "X"): if __char_touches_top(glyph, line): glyph.classify_heuristic("latin.capital.letter.x") else: glyph.classify_heuristic("latin.small.letter.x") char = return_char(glyph.get_main_id()) if (char == "p" or char == "P"): if __char_touches_top(glyph, line): glyph.classify_heuristic("latin.capital.letter.p") else: glyph.classify_heuristic("latin.small.letter.p") char = return_char(glyph.get_main_id()) if (char == "o" or char == "O"): if __char_touches_top(glyph, line): glyph.classify_heuristic("latin.capital.letter.o") else: glyph.classify_heuristic("latin.small.letter.o") char = return_char(glyph.get_main_id()) if (char == "w" or char == "W"): if __char_touches_top(glyph, line): glyph.classify_heuristic("latin.capital.letter.w") else: glyph.classify_heuristic("latin.small.letter.w") char = return_char(glyph.get_main_id()) if (char == "v" or char == "V"): if __char_touches_top(glyph, line): glyph.classify_heuristic("latin.capital.letter.v") else: glyph.classify_heuristic("latin.small.letter.v") char = return_char(glyph.get_main_id()) if (char == "z" or char == "Z"): if __char_touches_top(glyph, line): glyph.classify_heuristic("latin.capital.letter.z") else: glyph.classify_heuristic("latin.small.letter.z") char = return_char(glyph.get_main_id()) if (char == "s" or char == "S"): # not for long s if (glyph.get_main_id().upper() != "LATIN.SMALL.LETTER.LONG.S"): if __char_touches_top(glyph, line): glyph.classify_heuristic("latin.capital.letter.s") else: glyph.classify_heuristic("latin.small.letter.s") char = return_char(glyph.get_main_id()) #if(char == "T" and (float(glyph.nrows)/float(glyph.ncols)) > 1.5): # glyph.classify_heuristic("LATIN SMALL LETTER F") # char = return_char(glyph.get_main_id()) if (char == "'" or char == ","): if (glyph.ul_y < line.bbox.center_y): glyph.classify_heuristic("APOSTROPHE") char = "'" else: glyph.classify_heuristic("COMMA") char = "," s = s + char return s def check_upper_neighbors(item,glyph,line): """Check for small signs grouped beside each other like quotation marks. Signature: ``check_upper_neighbors(item,glyph,line)`` with *item*: Some connected-component. *glyph*: Some connected-component. *line*: The ``Textline`` Object which includes ``item`` and ``glyph`` Returns an array with two elements. The first element keeps a list of characters (images that has been united to a single image) and the second image is a list of characters which has to be removed as these have been united to a single character. """ remove = [] add = [] result = [] minheight = min([item.nrows,glyph.nrows]) # glyphs must be small, of similar size and on the same height if(not(glyph.lr_y >= line.center_y and glyph.lr_y-(glyph.nrows/3) <= line.lr_y)): if (glyph.contains_y(item.center_y) and item.contains_y(glyph.center_y)): minwidth = min([item.ncols,glyph.ncols]) distance = item.lr_x - glyph.lr_x if(distance > 0 and distance <= minwidth*3): remove.append(item) remove.append(glyph) new = union_images([item,glyph]) add.append(new) result.append(add) #result[0] == ADD result.append(remove) #result[1] == REMOVE return result def check_glyph_accent(item,glyph): """Check two glyphs for beeing grouped to one single character. This function is for unit connected-components like i, j or colon. Signature: ``check_glyph_accent(item,glyph)`` with *item*: Some connected-component. *glyph*: Some connected-component. There is returned an array with two elements. The first element keeps a list of characters (images that has been united to a single image) and the second image is a list of characters which has to be removed as these have been united to a single character. """ remove = [] add = [] result = [] if(glyph.contains_x(item.ul_x) or glyph.contains_x(item.lr_x) or glyph.contains_x(item.center_x)): ##nebeinander? if(not(item.contains_y(glyph.ul_y) or item.contains_y(glyph.lr_y) or item.contains_y(glyph.center_y))): ##nicht y-dimensions ueberschneident remove.append(item) remove.append(glyph) new = union_images([item,glyph]) add.append(new) result.append(add) #result[0] == ADD result.append(remove) #result[1] == REMOVE return result def get_line_glyphs(image,textlines): """Splits image regions representing text lines into characters. Signature: ``get_line_glyphs (image, segments)`` with *image*: The document image that is to be further segmentated. It must contin the same underlying image data as the second argument *segments* *segments*: A list ``Cc`` data types, each of which represents a text line region. The image views must correspond to *image*, i.e. each pixels has a value that is the unique label of the text line it belongs to. This is the interface used by the plugins in the \"PageSegmentation\" section of the Gamera core. The result is returned as a list of Textline_ objects. .. _Textline: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Textline.html """ i=0 show = [] lines = [] ret,sub_ccs = image.sub_cc_analysis(textlines) for ccs in sub_ccs: line_bbox = Rect(textlines[i]) i = i + 1 glyphs = ccs[:] newlist = [] remove = [] add = [] result = [] glyphs.sort(lambda x,y: cmp(x.ul_x, y.ul_x)) for position, item in enumerate(glyphs): if(True): #if(not(glyph.lr_y >= line_bbox.center_y and glyph.lr_y-(glyph.nrows/3) <= line_bbox.lr_y)): ## is this part of glyph higher then line.center_y ? left = position - 2 if(left < 0): left = 0 right = position + 2 if(right > len(glyphs)): right = len(glyphs) checklist = glyphs[left:right] for glyph in checklist: if (item == glyph): continue result = check_upper_neighbors(glyph,item,line_bbox) if(len(result[0]) > 0): #something has been joind... joind_upper_connection = result[0][0] #joind glyph add.append(joind_upper_connection) remove.append(result[1][0]) #first part of joind one remove.append(result[1][1]) #second part of joind one for glyph2 in checklist: #maybe the upper joind glyphs fits to a glyph below... if(glyphs == joind_upper_connection): continue if(joind_upper_connection.contains_x(glyph2.center_x)): #fits for example on ae, oe, ue in german alph new = union_images([glyph2,joind_upper_connection]) add.append(new) remove.append(glyph2) add.remove(joind_upper_connection) break for elem in remove: if (elem in checklist): checklist.remove(elem) for glyph in checklist: if(item == glyph): continue result = check_glyph_accent(item,glyph) if(len(result[0]) > 0): #something has been joind... add.append(result[0][0]) #joind glyph remove.append(result[1][0]) #first part of joind one remove.append(result[1][1]) #second part of joind one for elem in remove: if(elem in glyphs): glyphs.remove(elem) for elem in add: glyphs.append(elem) new_line = Textline(line_bbox) final = [] if(len(glyphs) > 0): for glyph in glyphs: final.append(glyph) new_line.add_glyphs(final,False) new_line.sort_glyphs() #reading order -- from left to right lines.append(new_line) for glyph in glyphs: show.append(glyph) return lines def show_bboxes(image,glyphs): """Returns an RGB image with bounding boxes of the given glyphs as hollow rects. Useful for visualization and debugging of a segmentation. Signature: ``show_bboxes (image, glyphs)`` with: *image*: An image of the textdokument which has to be segmentated. *glyphs*: List of rects which will be drawn on ``image`` as hollow rects. As all image types are derived from ``Rect``, any image list can be passed. """ rgb = image.to_rgb() if(len(glyphs) > 0): for glyph in glyphs: rgb.draw_hollow_rect(glyph, RGBPixel(255,0,0), 1.0) return rgb ocr-1.0.6/gamera/toolkits/ocr/classes.py0000644000175000017500000003073311716171513017550 0ustar dalitzdalitz# # Copyright (C) 2009-2010 Rene Baston, Christoph Dalitz # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or # modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License # as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 # of the License, or (at your option) any later version. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. # from gamera.core import * init_gamera() from gamera.plugins import pagesegmentation from gamera.plugins.listutilities import median class Textline: ######################################################################### """The ``Textline`` object stores information about a text line in its following properties: **bbox** A ``Rect`` object representing the bounding box of the text line. **glyphs** A list of ``Cc`` objects, each representing a character in the line. **words** A nested list of ``Cc`` objects, where each sublist represents the characters of a single word. """ bbox = [] glyphs = [] words = [] text = "" ####################################################################### # constructor # def __init__(self,bbox,glyphs = None): """Signature: ``init (bbox, glyphs=None)`` with *bbox*: ``Rect`` object representing position and size of the text line *glyphs*: A list of ``Cc`` objects representing the characters in the text line """ self.bbox = Rect(bbox) if(glyphs == None): self.glyphs = [] else: self.glyphs = glyphs self.text = "" def add_glyph(self,glyph,extend=True): """Adds the given *glyph* to the Textline. Signature: ``add_glyph (glyph, extend=True)`` When *extend* is ``True``, the text line bounding box *bbox* is extended by the glyph's bounding box. """ self.glyphs.append(glyph) if (extend): self.bbox.union(glyph) def add_glyphs(self,glyphs,extend=True): """Adds the given *glyphs* to the Textline. Signature: ``add_glyphs (glyphs, extend=True)`` When *extend* is ``True``, the text line bounding box *bbox* is extended by the union of the glyphs' bounding boxes. """ for glyph in glyphs: self.glyphs.append(glyph) if (extend): self.bbox.union(glyph) def sort_glyphs(self): """Sorts the characters in *Textline.glyphs* from left to right. """ self.glyphs.sort(lambda x,y: cmp(x.ul_x, y.ul_x)) class ClassifyCCs: ############################################################################### """This is a callable class that can optionally be passed to the constructor of Page_, so that it will be called during the segmentation process. .. _Page: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Page.html Its standard definition should generally be sufficient for using a kNN classifier. Should you need to write your own classification function (e.g. one that additionally uses heuristic rules for classification), make sure that you overwrite the `__call__`_ method with the same signature. For fine tuning the classification, the follwoing attributes can be used: **knn** The knn classifier; this is passed in the constructor **parts_to_group** Corresponds to *max_parts_per_group* in *kNNInteractive.group_list_automatic*. Default value is 3. **grouping_distance** Corresponds to the *distance* argument of the *grouping_function* in *kNNInteractive.group_list_automatic*. Only CCs closer than this distance are considered for grouping. Default value is -1, which means that it will be calculated automatically as in `__call__`__. .. __: #call """ ############################################################################# # constructor # def __init__(self,knn): """Signature: ``__init__ (knn)`` where *knn* is a kNN classifier which has already loaded training data. """ self.knn = knn self.grouping_distance = -1 self.parts_to_group = 3 def __call__(self,ccs): """This method will be called in `Page.segment`_. Signature: .. _`Page.segment`: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Page.html#segment ``__call__ (ccs)`` where *ccs* is the list of glyphs that is to be classified. See the documentation of Gamera's classifier API how the classification result is stored in the glpyhs. How the classification is done is controled by the following attributes of ``ClassifyCCs``: - When *parts_to_group* > 1, the classification is done with Gamera's grouping algorithm; otherwise no grouping of broken characters is done. - In case of grouping, the property *distance* is passed to the grouping function. When it is -1 (default), it is set to the median height of the *ccs*. """ from gamera.classify import ShapedGroupingFunction, BoundingBoxGroupingFunction distance = self.grouping_distance if (self.parts_to_group > 1 and distance < 0): distance = int(median([c.nrows for c in ccs])) if (self.parts_to_group > 1): ccs = self.knn.group_and_update_list_automatic(ccs,grouping_function=ShapedGroupingFunction(distance),max_parts_per_group=self.parts_to_group) #ccs = self.knn.group_and_update_list_automatic(ccs,grouping_function=BoundingBoxGroupingFunction(distance),max_parts_per_group=self.parts_to_group) else: ccs = self.knn.classify_and_update_list_automatic(ccs) return ccs class Page: ##################################################################################### """The ``Page`` object offers the page segmentation functionality by providing a ``segment`` method. See `its documentation`__ for more information on how to overwrite specific steps of the segmentation process. .. __: #segment After the call of ``segment``, the segmentation results are stored in the following attributes of ``Page``: **textlines** List of Textline_ objects representing all text lines **img** The image to which Ccs in the *textlines* refer. .. _Textline: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Textline.html """ ccs_glyphs = [] ccs_lines = [] textlines = [] img = None classify_ccs = None #################################################################################### # constructor # def __init__(self, image, glyphs=None, classify_ccs=None): """The only required argument in the constructor is the image that is to be segmented. Note that the constructor does *not* do the segmentation; for this, you must call the segment__ method. .. __: #segment Signature: ``init (image, glyphs=None, classify_ccs=None)`` with *image*: The image to be segmented. *glyphs*: An optional list of connected components representing the characters in the image. In general, this is not needed, but it can be useful for bottom up methods starting from already detected characters (e.g. by Gamera's classification based character grouping. *classify_ccs*: A callable class with the same interface as ClassifyCCs_. If given, it will be called during the segmentation process, right after the splitting of lines to characters. .. _ClassifyCCs: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.ClassifyCCs.html """ self.img = image self.textlines = [] if (classify_ccs != None): self.classify_ccs = classify_ccs else: self.classify_ccs = None if (glyphs != None): self.ccs_glyphs = glyphs else: self.ccs_glyphs = [] def segment(self): """Segments *Page.img* and stores the result in *Page.textlines*. This method has no arguments. It calls the following methods in the given order: - page_to_lines_ for splitting the page into segments representing text lines - order_lines_ for sorting the lines into reading order - lines_to_chars_ for splitting all lines into characters - *Page.classify_ccs* when it is set, i.e., has been passed to the constructor (default is that it is not set) - chars_to_words_ for grouping the characters to words .. _page_to_lines: #page-to-lines .. _order_lines: #order-lines .. _lines_to_chars: #lines-to-chars .. _chars_to_words: #chars-to-words By overwriting one (or several) of the above functions, you can replace specific steps of the segmentation process with custom algorithms. """ self.page_to_lines() self.order_lines() self.lines_to_chars() if(self.classify_ccs != None): for line in self.textlines: line.glyphs = self.classify_ccs(line.glyphs) # grouping in classification may change glyph order line.sort_glyphs() self.chars_to_words() def page_to_lines(self): """Splits the image into segments representing text lines. This method has no arguments. The current implementation simply calls the *bbox_merging* plugin from the Gamera core with *Ey=0*, such that the page is not split into paragraphs, but into lines. The segmentation result is stored in the variable *Page.ccs_lines*, which is a list of the data type ``Cc``, i.e., with each segment (line) represented by a different label in the image. This is the interface used by all page segmentation plugins in the Gamera core. .. note:: When you overwrite this method, make sure that write the segmentation result to *self.ccs_lines*. This member variable will then be further processed by lines_to_chars_. .. _lines_to_chars: #lines-to-chars """ self.ccs_lines = self.img.bbox_merging(Ey=0) def order_lines(self): """Sorts the segments in *Page.ccs_lines* into reading order. This method has no arguments. The current implementation uses the plugin *textline_reading_order* from the Gamera core. """ from gamera.plugins.pagesegmentation import textline_reading_order self.ccs_lines = textline_reading_order(self.ccs_lines) def lines_to_chars(self, lines=None): """Splits text lines into characters. Signature: ``lines_to_chars (lines=None)`` *lines* must be a list of ``Cc`` data types, each of them representing a text line. When not given (default), *Page.ccs_lines* is used instead. The current implementation calls *get_line_glyphs* as defined in the module ocr_toolkit_. .. _ocr_toolkit: functions.html The result is stored in *Page.textlines*; the characters are stored for each textline in *Textline.glyphs*. """ from gamera.toolkits.ocr.ocr_toolkit import get_line_glyphs if(lines != None): seg_lines = lines else: seg_lines = self.ccs_lines self.textlines = get_line_glyphs(self.img, seg_lines) def chars_to_words(self, lines=None): """Groups the characters in each ``Textline`` from *Page.textlines* to words and stores the result for each ``Textline`` in the property *Textline.words*. This method has an optional but generally useless argument for the list of textlines. It is therefore usually called without arguments. The current implementation calls *chars_make_words* as defined in the module ocr_toolkit_. .. _ocr_toolkit: functions.html """ from gamera.toolkits.ocr.ocr_toolkit import chars_make_words if(lines != None): lines = lines else: lines = self.textlines for line in lines: line.words = chars_make_words(line.glyphs) def show_lines(self): """Returns an RGB image with all segmented text lines marked by hollow rects. Makes only sense after *page_to_lines* (or *segment*) has been called. """ from gamera.toolkits.ocr.ocr_toolkit import show_bboxes return show_bboxes(self.img, self.ccs_lines) def show_glyphs(self): """Returns an RGB image with all segmented/grouped characters marked by hollow rects. Makes only sense after *lines_to_chars* (or *segment*) has been called. """ glyphs = [] for line in self.textlines: if(len(line.glyphs) > 0): for glyph in line.glyphs: glyphs.append(glyph) from gamera.toolkits.ocr.ocr_toolkit import show_bboxes return show_bboxes(self.img, glyphs) def show_words(self): """Returns an RGB image with all grouped words marked by hollow rects. Makes only sense after *chars_to_words* (or *segment*) has been called.. """ words = [] for line in self.textlines: for word in line.words: words.append(word) final_bboxes = [] if(len(words) > 0): for word in words: cc = word[:1] word_bbox = Rect(cc[0]) for glyph in word[1:]: word_bbox.union(glyph) final_bboxes.append(word_bbox) from gamera.toolkits.ocr.ocr_toolkit import show_bboxes return show_bboxes(self.img, final_bboxes) ocr-1.0.6/gamera/toolkits/ocr/plugins/0000755000175000017500000000000011716212264017213 5ustar dalitzdalitzocr-1.0.6/gamera/toolkits/ocr/plugins/bbox_merging_mcmillan.py0000644000175000017500000002376711716171513024123 0ustar dalitzdalitz# # Copyright (C) 2010 Robert Butz # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or # modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License # as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 # of the License, or (at your option) any later version. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. # from gamera.plugin import * from gamera.args import NoneDefault class bbox_mcmillan(PluginFunction): # overwrite find_tall_glyphs to adjust deviation """Returns the textlines from image as connected components. The segmentation method is adapted from McMillan's segmentation method in roman_text.py. It allows a more individual segmentation through parameterization. Options: *glyphs*: This list can be build out of a ``cc_analysis``. On default, this parameter is blank, which will cause the function to call ``cc_analysis`` itself. *section_search_size* This optional parameter adjusts the calculated avg_glyph_size by multipling its value (default=1). *noise_mltplk* With this optional parameter one can adjust the noise_recognition rate independently from the calculated avg_glyph_size (default = 1). Values greater than 1 let the noise_removal detect bigger noise (but maybe even glyphs). Chose smaller values to avoid assigning small glyphs to noise. *large_mltplk* Analog to noise_mltplk one can set this parameter to manipulate the recognition of very large ccs according to the avg_glyph_size (default=20). Higher values lead to a better acceptance of above-average ccs. Beneficial, for example for big capital initials at the beginning of paragraphs such as seen in bibles. *stdev_mltplk* This parameter affects the line finding algorithm by excluding abnormally tall glyphs (default=5). The standard deviation will be calculated and multiplied by this parameter. """ pure_python = True category="PageSegmentation" self_type = ImageType([ONEBIT]) args = Args([ImageList("glyphs", default=NoneDefault), Float("section_search_size", default=1.0), Float("noise_mltplk", default=1.0), Float("large_mltplk", default=20.0), Float("stdev_mltplk", default=5.0)]) return_type = ImageList("line_cc_list") author = "Robert Butz, Karl MacMillan" def __call__(self, glyphs=None, section_search_size=1, noise_mltplk=1, large_mltplk=20, stdev_mltplk=5): from gamera import core from gamera.roman_text import Section as Roman_Section #from gamera.plugins.image_utilities import union_images def find_sections(image, glyphs, section_search_size=1, noise_mltplk=1, large_mltplk=20, stdev_mltplk=5): """Find the sections within an image - this finds large blocks of text making it possible to find the lines within complex text layouts.""" FUDGE = __avg_glyph_size(glyphs) * section_search_size # remove noise and large objects noise_size = FUDGE * noise_mltplk large_size = FUDGE * large_mltplk new_glyphs = [] for g in glyphs: if __section_size_test(image, g, noise_size, large_size): new_glyphs.append(g) # Sort the glyphs left-to-right and top-to-bottom new_glyphs.sort(lambda x, y: cmp(x.ul_x, y.ul_x)) new_glyphs.sort(lambda x, y: cmp(x.ul_y, y.ul_y)) # Create rectangles for each glyph that are bigger by FUDGE big_rects = [] for g in new_glyphs: ul_y = max(0, g.ul_y - FUDGE) ul_x = max(0, g.ul_x - FUDGE) lr_y = min(image.lr_y, g.lr_y + FUDGE) lr_x = min(image.lr_x, g.lr_x + FUDGE) ul_x = int(ul_x); ul_y = int(ul_y) nrows = int(lr_y - ul_y + 1) ncols = int(lr_x - ul_x + 1) big_rects.append(core.Rect(core.Point(ul_x, ul_y), core.Dim(ncols, nrows))) # Search for intersecting glyphs and merge them. This is # harder than it seems at first because we want everything # to merge together that intersects regardless of the order # in the list. It ends up being similar to connected-component # labeling. This is prone to be kind-of slow. current = 0 rects = big_rects while(1): # Find the indexes of any rects that interesect with current inter = __find_intersecting_rects(rects, current) # If we found intersecting rectangles merge them with them current # rect, remove them from the list, and start the whole process # over. We start over to make certain that everything that should # be merged is. if len(inter): g = rects[current] new_rects = [g] for i in range(len(rects)): if i == current: continue if i in inter: g.union(rects[i]) else: new_rects.append(rects[i]) rects = new_rects current = 0 # If we didn't find anything that intersected move on to the next # rectangle. else: current += 1 # Bail when we are done. if current >= len(rects): break # Create the sections sections = [] for rect in rects: sections.append(Section(rect, stdev_mltplk)) # Place the original (small) glyphs into the sections for g in glyphs: if __section_size_test(image, g, noise_size, large_size): for s in sections: if s.bbox.intersects(g): s.add_glyph(g) break # Fix up the bounding boxes for s in sections: s.calculate_bbox() return sections def __avg_glyph_size(glyphs): """Compute the average glyph size for the page""" total = 0.0 for g in glyphs: total += g.nrows total += g.ncols return total / (2 * len(glyphs)) def __section_size_test(image, glyph, noise_size, large_size): """Filter for section finding - removes very small and very large glyphs""" black_area = glyph.black_area()[0] if black_area > noise_size and \ glyph.nrows < large_size and \ glyph.ncols < large_size: return 1 else: return 0 def __find_intersecting_rects(glyphs, index): """For section finding - return the index of glyphs intersecting the glyph and the index passed in.""" g = glyphs[index] inter = [] for i in range(len(glyphs)): if i == index: continue if g.intersects(glyphs[i]): inter.append(i) return inter # overwrite find_tall_glyphs to adjust deviation class Section(Roman_Section): def __init__(self, bbox, stdev_mltplk=5): self.bbox = core.Rect(bbox) self.lines = [] self.glyphs = [] # stats self.avg_glyph_area = 0 self.avg_glyph_height = 0 self.avg_glyph_width = 0 self.avg_line_height = 0 self.agv_line_width = 0 self.stdev = 0 self.stdev_mltplk = stdev_mltplk def find_tall_glyphs(self): from gamera import stats if self.stdev == 0: self.stdev = stats.samplestdev([g.nrows for g in self.glyphs]) tall = [] for i in range(len(self.glyphs)): g = self.glyphs[i] if (g.nrows - self.avg_glyph_height) > self.stdev*self.stdev_mltplk: tall.append(i) return tall # this is the actual beginning of the __call__-method if glyphs == None: glyphs = self.cc_analysis() sections = find_sections(self, glyphs, section_search_size, noise_mltplk, large_mltplk, stdev_mltplk) for s in sections: s.find_lines() # create a Cc for each line lines = [] label = 1 for s in sections: for l in s.lines: if len(l.glyphs) == 0: continue # label the lines in input image label += 1 for g in l.glyphs: self.highlight(g, label) line_rect = l.glyphs[0].union_rects(l.glyphs) lines.append(core.Cc(self, label, line_rect)) return lines __call__ = staticmethod(__call__) class BboxModule(PluginModule): category = "OCR" functions = [bbox_mcmillan] author = "Robert Butz, Karl MacMillan" url = "http://gamera.sourceforge.net/" module = BboxModule() ocr-1.0.6/gamera/toolkits/ocr/plugins/__init__.py0000700000175000017500000000003611716171513021315 0ustar dalitzdalitzimport bbox_merging_mcmillan ocr-1.0.6/gamera/toolkits/ocr/__init__.py0000700000175000017500000000201011716171513017626 0ustar dalitzdalitz""" Toolkit setup This file is run on importing anything within this directory. Its purpose is only to help with the Gamera GUI shell, and may be omitted if you are not concerned with that. """ from gamera import toolkit import plugins import wx # You can inherit from toolkit.CustomMenu to create a menu # for your toolkit. Create a list of menu option in the # member _items, and a series of callback functions that # correspond to them. The name of the callback function # should be the same as the menu item, prefixed by '_On' # and with all spaces converted to underscores. # class OcrMenu(toolkit.CustomMenu): # _items = ["Ocr Toolkit", # "Ocr Toolkit 2"] # def _OnOcr_Toolkit(self, event): # wx.MessageDialog(None, "You clicked on Ocr Toolkit!").ShowModal() # main.main() # def _OnOcr_Toolkit_2(self, event): # wx.MessageDialog(None, "You clicked on Ocr Toolkit 2!").ShowModal() # main.main() # ocr_menu = OcrMenu() ocr-1.0.6/PKG-INFO0000644000175000017500000000047011716212264012741 0ustar dalitzdalitzMetadata-Version: 1.0 Name: ocr Version: 1.0.6 Summary: An addon OCR toolkit for the Gamera framework for document analysis and recognition. Home-page: http://gamera.sourceforge.net/ Author: Rene Baston and Christoph Dalitz Author-email: UNKNOWN License: GNU GPL version 2 Description: UNKNOWN Platform: UNKNOWN ocr-1.0.6/doc/0000755000175000017500000000000011716212264012410 5ustar dalitzdalitzocr-1.0.6/doc/html/0000755000175000017500000000000011716212264013354 5ustar dalitzdalitzocr-1.0.6/doc/html/functions.html0000644000175000017500000002633211716171513016261 0ustar dalitzdalitz OCR Toolkit: Global Functions

OCR Toolkit: Global Functions

Last modified: June 08, 2010

Contents

The toolkit defines a number of free function which are not image methods. These are defined in ocr_toolkit.py and can be imported in a python script with

from gamera.toolkits.ocr.ocr_toolkit import *

Output text generation

While the class Page splits the image into Textline objects and possibly classifies the characters, it does not generate an output string. For this purpose, you can use the function textline_to_string.

textline_to_string

Returns a unicode string of the text in the given Textline.

Signature:

textline_to_string (textline, heuristic_rules="roman", extra_chars_dict={})

with

textline:
A Textline object containing the glyphs. The glyphs must already be classified.
heuristic_rules:

Depending on the alphabeth, some characters can very similar and need further heuristic rules for disambiguation, like apostroph and comma, which have the same shape and only differ in their position relative to the baseline.

When set to "roman", several rules specific for latin alphabeths are applied.

extra_chars_dict
A dictionary of additional translations of classnames to character codes. This is necessary when you use class names that are not unicode names. Will be passed to return_char.

As this function uses return_char, the class names of the glyphs in textline must corerspond to unicode character names, as described in the documentation of return_char.

return_char

Converts a unicode character name to a unicode symbol.

Signature:

return_char (classname, extra_chars_dict={})

with

classname:
A class name derived from a unicode character name. Example: latin.small.letter.a returns the character a.
extra_chars_dict
A dictionary of additional translations of classnames to character codes. This is necessary when you use class names that are not unicode names. The character 'code' does not need to be an actual code, but can be any string. This can be useful, e.g. for ligatures:
return_char(glyph.get_main_id(), {'latin.small.ligature.st':'st'})

classname must correspond to the standard unicode character names, as in the examples of the following table:

Character Unicode Name Class Name
! EXCLAMATION MARK exclamation.mark
2 DIGIT TWO digit.two
A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A latin.capital.letter.a
a LATIN SMALL LETTER A latin.small.letter.a

chars_make_words

Groups the given glyphs to words based upon the horizontal distance between adjacent glyphs.

Signature:
chars_make_words (glyphs, threshold=None)

with

glyphs:
A list of Cc data types, each of which representing a character. All glyphs must stem from the same single line of text.
threshold:
Horizontal white space greater than threshold will be considered a word separating gap. When None, the threshold value is calculated automatically as 2.5 times teh median white space between adjacent glyphs.

The result is a nested list of glyphs with each sublist representing a word. This is the same data structure as used in Textline.words

Segmentation

These functions are used in the segmentation methods of class Page. You will generally not need to call them, unless you are implementing a custom segmentation method.

get_line_glyphs

Splits image regions representing text lines into characters.

Signature:

get_line_glyphs (image, segments)

with

image:
The document image that is to be further segmentated. It must contin the same underlying image data as the second argument segments
segments:
A list Cc data types, each of which represents a text line region. The image views must correspond to image, i.e. each pixels has a value that is the unique label of the text line it belongs to. This is the interface used by the plugins in the "PageSegmentation" section of the Gamera core.

The result is returned as a list of Textline objects.

show_bboxes

Returns an RGB image with bounding boxes of the given glyphs as hollow rects. Useful for visualization and debugging of a segmentation.

Signature:

show_bboxes (image, glyphs)

with:

image:
An image of the textdokument which has to be segmentated.
glyphs:
List of rects which will be drawn on image as hollow rects. As all image types are derived from Rect, any image list can be passed.
ocr-1.0.6/doc/html/plugins.html0000644000175000017500000000275411716212172015731 0ustar dalitzdalitz Plugins

Plugins

Last modified: February 13, 2012

Contents

By categories

Alphabetical

B

bbox_mcmillan

ocr-1.0.6/doc/html/gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Textline.html0000644000175000017500000000752611716212172023366 0ustar dalitzdalitz class Textline

class Textline

Last modified: February 13, 2012

Contents

Textline

In module gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes

The Textline object stores information about a text line in its following properties:

bbox
A Rect object representing the bounding box of the text line.
glyphs
A list of Cc objects, each representing a character in the line.
words
A nested list of Cc objects, where each sublist represents the characters of a single word.

__init__

Signature:

init (bbox, glyphs=None)

with

bbox:
Rect object representing position and size of the text line
glyphs:
A list of Cc objects representing the characters in the text line

add_glyph

Adds the given glyph to the Textline. Signature:

add_glyph (glyph, extend=True)

When extend is True, the text line bounding box bbox is extended by the glyph's bounding box.

add_glyphs

Adds the given glyphs to the Textline. Signature:

add_glyphs (glyphs, extend=True)

When extend is True, the text line bounding box bbox is extended by the union of the glyphs' bounding boxes.

sort_glyphs

Sorts the characters in Textline.glyphs from left to right.

ocr-1.0.6/doc/html/ocr.html0000644000175000017500000000752211716171513015034 0ustar dalitzdalitz OCR

OCR

Last modified: May 28, 2010

Contents

segmentation

bbox_mcmill

[object] bbox_mcmill ([object glyphs], float section_search_size = 1.00, float noise_mltplk = 1.00, float large_mltplk = 20.00, float stdev_mltplk = 5.00)

Operates on:Image [OneBit]
Returns:[object]
Category:OCR/segmentation
Defined in:bbox_merging_mcmillan.py
Author:Robert Butz, Karl MacMillan

Returns the textlines from image as connected components. The segmentation method is adapted from McMillan's segmentation method in roman_text.py. It allows a more individual segmentation through parameterization.

Options:

glyphs:
This list can be build out of a cc_analysis. On default, this parameter is blank, which will cause the function to call cc_analysis itself.
section_search_size
This optional parameter adjusts the calculated avg_glyph_size by multipling its value (default=1).
noise_mltplk
With this optional parameter one can adjust the noise_recognition rate independently from the calculated avg_glyph_size (default = 1). Values greater than 1 let the noise_removal detect bigger noise (but maybe even glyphs). Chose smaller values to avoid assigning small glyphs to noise.
large_mltplk
Analog to noise_mltplk one can set this parameter to manipulate the recognition of very large ccs according to the avg_glyph_size (default=20). Higher values lead to a better acceptance of above-average ccs. Beneficial, for example for big capital initials at the beginning of paragraphs such as seen in bibles.
stdev_mltplk
This parameter affects the line finding algorithm by excluding abnormally tall glyphs (default=5). The standard deviation will be calculated and multiplied by this parameter.
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OCR Toolkit Developer's Manual

Last modified: May 21, 2010

Contents

This documentation is for those who want to extend the functionality of the OCR toolkit, or who want to customize specific steps of the recognition process. For a comprehensive overview over the architecture of this toolkit, see section 3 of

C. Dalitz, R. Baston: Optical Character Recognition with the Gamera Framework. In C. Dalitz (Ed.): "Document Image Analysis with the Gamera Framework." Schriftenreihe des Fachbereichs Elektrotechnik und Informatik, Hochschule Niederrhein, vol. 8, pp. 53-65, Shaker Verlag (2009)

Overview

The core functionality of this toolkit is implemented in the Page class. This class provides a method segment, which segments the page into lines, and the lines into characters and words. The segmentation result is stored in the property textlines, which is a list of objects from type Textline.

To customize the page segmentation process, you can derive a custom class from Page, and overwrite some methods. While it is theoretically possible to directly overwrite the segment method, it is in most cases more desirable to only overwrite one of the methods called in segment, so that only a specific part of the segmentation process is replaced. See the documentation of Page.segment for information which other methods are called in this method.

In the subsequent sections, we describe two typical use cases:

Replacing the page segmentation method

Let us assume you want to use the Gamera core plugin projection_cutting for segmenting the page into text lines. To do so, simply derive a custom class MyPage from Page and overwrite the page_to_lines method:

class MyPage(Page):
    def page_to_lines(self):
        self.ccs_lines = self.img.projection_cutting()

This example is obviously very basic; in practice you might want to experiment with the input arguments of projection_cutting. You can the use MyPge just like Page, and the following code does the same segmentation as Page.segment, but with only page_to_lines replaced:

result = MyPage(image)
result.segment()

Let Gamera's training based grouping attach diacritics

Now let us assume that you want to let Gamera's classification based grouping algorithm join connected components to characters, rather than the rule based method built into Page.lines_to_chars. To do so, derive a custom class MyPage from Page, that segments the line into characters only by a connected component analysis, without any joining of CCs to characters (this will be done at a later point):

# segment lines into chars only by CC analysis
class MyPage(Page):
    def lines_to_chars(self):
        dummy, subbccs = self.img.sub_cc_analysis(self.ccs_lines)
    self.textlines = []
    for i,segment in enumerate(self.ccs_lines):
        self.textlines.append(Textline(segment, subccs[i]))

Then you must make sure that a classification with grouping is done during Page.segment. This is done by passing a callable class derived from ClassifyCCs to the contructor of MyPage. As the default definition of ClassifyCCs already does what we need, we simply need to create an instance thereform:

# create an instance of ClassifyCCs ...
cknn = knn.kNNInteractive([], \
           ["aspect_ratio", "moments", "volume64regions"], 0)
cknn.from_xml_filename("trainingdata.xml")
classify = ClassifyCCs(cknn)
# ... and set its property parts_to_group such that the
#     grouping algorithm will be used during classification
classify.parts_to_group = 4

# pass the ClassifyCCs instance to the constructor of MyPage
page = MyPage(image, classify_ccs=classify)
page.segment()  # will call classify
ocr-1.0.6/doc/html/pagesegmentation.html0000644000175000017500000000700411716212172017573 0ustar dalitzdalitz PageSegmentation

PageSegmentation

Last modified: February 13, 2012

Contents

bbox_mcmillan

[object] bbox_mcmillan ([object glyphs] = None, float section_search_size = 1.00, float noise_mltplk = 1.00, float large_mltplk = 20.00, float stdev_mltplk = 5.00)

Operates on:Image [OneBit]
Returns:[object]
Category:PageSegmentation
Defined in:bbox_merging_mcmillan.py
Author:Robert Butz, Karl MacMillan

Returns the textlines from image as connected components. The segmentation method is adapted from McMillan's segmentation method in roman_text.py. It allows a more individual segmentation through parameterization.

Options:

glyphs:
This list can be build out of a cc_analysis. On default, this parameter is blank, which will cause the function to call cc_analysis itself.
section_search_size
This optional parameter adjusts the calculated avg_glyph_size by multipling its value (default=1).
noise_mltplk
With this optional parameter one can adjust the noise_recognition rate independently from the calculated avg_glyph_size (default = 1). Values greater than 1 let the noise_removal detect bigger noise (but maybe even glyphs). Chose smaller values to avoid assigning small glyphs to noise.
large_mltplk
Analog to noise_mltplk one can set this parameter to manipulate the recognition of very large ccs according to the avg_glyph_size (default=20). Higher values lead to a better acceptance of above-average ccs. Beneficial, for example for big capital initials at the beginning of paragraphs such as seen in bibles.
stdev_mltplk
This parameter affects the line finding algorithm by excluding abnormally tall glyphs (default=5). The standard deviation will be calculated and multiplied by this parameter.
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BϚ+,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,>lm;zIfi})kO̒̒̒̒̒̒̒̒̒%oZIENDB`ocr-1.0.6/doc/html/images/overview.fig0000644000175000017500000000352611716212171017161 0ustar dalitzdalitz#FIG 3.2 Produced by xfig version 3.2.5 Landscape Center Inches Letter 100.00 Single -2 1200 2 6 4650 3300 5850 4500 5 1 0 2 20 7 50 -1 -1 0.000 0 1 0 0 5250.000 3364.286 4800 4275 5235 4380 5700 4275 1 2 0 2 20 7 50 -1 -1 0.000 1 0.0000 5250 3525 450 150 4800 3375 5700 3675 2 1 0 2 20 7 50 -1 -1 0.000 0 0 -1 0 0 2 4800 3525 4800 4275 2 1 0 2 20 7 50 -1 -1 0.000 0 0 -1 0 0 2 5700 3525 5700 4275 -6 2 2 0 2 0 7 50 -1 -1 0.000 0 0 -1 0 0 5 975 1500 1725 1500 1725 2475 975 2475 975 1500 2 2 0 2 0 7 40 -1 20 0.000 0 0 -1 0 0 5 1125 1575 1875 1575 1875 2550 1125 2550 1125 1575 2 2 0 2 0 7 30 -1 20 0.000 0 0 -1 0 0 5 1275 1650 2025 1650 2025 2625 1275 2625 1275 1650 2 2 0 2 20 7 10 -1 20 0.000 0 0 -1 0 0 5 1575 1800 2325 1800 2325 2775 1575 2775 1575 1800 2 2 0 2 20 7 20 -1 20 0.000 0 0 -1 0 0 5 1425 1725 2175 1725 2175 2700 1425 2700 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Classification\001 ocr-1.0.6/doc/html/gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Page.html0000644000175000017500000002154611716212172022444 0ustar dalitzdalitz class Page

class Page

Last modified: February 13, 2012

Page

In module gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes

The Page object offers the page segmentation functionality by providing a segment method. See its documentation for more information on how to overwrite specific steps of the segmentation process.

After the call of segment, the segmentation results are stored in the following attributes of Page:

textlines
List of Textline objects representing all text lines
img
The image to which Ccs in the textlines refer.

__init__

The only required argument in the constructor is the image that is to be segmented. Note that the constructor does not do the segmentation; for this, you must call the segment method.

Signature:

init (image, glyphs=None, classify_ccs=None)

with

image:
The image to be segmented.
glyphs:
An optional list of connected components representing the characters in the image. In general, this is not needed, but it can be useful for bottom up methods starting from already detected characters (e.g. by Gamera's classification based character grouping.
classify_ccs:
A callable class with the same interface as ClassifyCCs. If given, it will be called during the segmentation process, right after the splitting of lines to characters.

segment

Segments Page.img and stores the result in Page.textlines. This method has no arguments.

It calls the following methods in the given order:

  • page_to_lines for splitting the page into segments representing text lines
  • order_lines for sorting the lines into reading order
  • lines_to_chars for splitting all lines into characters
  • Page.classify_ccs when it is set, i.e., has been passed to the constructor (default is that it is not set)
  • chars_to_words for grouping the characters to words

By overwriting one (or several) of the above functions, you can replace specific steps of the segmentation process with custom algorithms.

page_to_lines

Splits the image into segments representing text lines. This method has no arguments.

The current implementation simply calls the bbox_merging plugin from the Gamera core with Ey=0, such that the page is not split into paragraphs, but into lines.

The segmentation result is stored in the variable Page.ccs_lines, which is a list of the data type Cc, i.e., with each segment (line) represented by a different label in the image. This is the interface used by all page segmentation plugins in the Gamera core.

Note

When you overwrite this method, make sure that write the segmentation result to self.ccs_lines. This member variable will then be further processed by lines_to_chars.

order_lines

Sorts the segments in Page.ccs_lines into reading order. This method has no arguments.

The current implementation uses the plugin textline_reading_order from the Gamera core.

lines_to_chars

Splits text lines into characters. Signature:

lines_to_chars (lines=None)

lines must be a list of Cc data types, each of them representing a text line. When not given (default), Page.ccs_lines is used instead. The current implementation calls get_line_glyphs as defined in the module ocr_toolkit.

The result is stored in Page.textlines; the characters are stored for each textline in Textline.glyphs.

chars_to_words

Groups the characters in each Textline from Page.textlines to words and stores the result for each Textline in the property Textline.words.

This method has an optional but generally useless argument for the list of textlines. It is therefore usually called without arguments.

The current implementation calls chars_make_words as defined in the module ocr_toolkit.

show_lines

Returns an RGB image with all segmented text lines marked by hollow rects. Makes only sense after page_to_lines (or segment) has been called.

show_glyphs

Returns an RGB image with all segmented/grouped characters marked by hollow rects. Makes only sense after lines_to_chars (or segment) has been called.

show_words

Returns an RGB image with all grouped words marked by hollow rects. Makes only sense after chars_to_words (or segment) has been called..

ocr-1.0.6/doc/html/ocr_toolkit.html0000644000175000017500000002270411716171513016600 0ustar dalitzdalitz ocr_toolkit_py

ocr_toolkit_py

Last modified: September 15, 2009

Contents

Functions

return_char

Returns a result character for building the string.

Signature:
return_char(unicode_str)

with

unicode_str:
This expeted string has to be in unicode format, e.g. latin.small.letter.a will return the character a The returned character should be used for creating the result string.

chars_make_words

Splits the amount of grouped characters which has been detected in a textline to single words.

Signature:
chars_make_words(lines_glyphs,threshold=None)

with

lines_glyphs:
lines_glyphs has to be the list of connected-components which represents the amount of characters for a textline.
threshold:
For splitting the amount of characters to single words is a threshold needed. If two characters have more or equal empty space between each other there is a white space detected. The default value for this parameter is None which will make the function calculate a threshold value automatic

The Textline Objects keep a word list as an attribute which expects a list like this functions return value.

textline_to_string

Gives a full text string as result.

Signature:
textline_to_string(line, heuristic_rules="roman")

with

line:
The Textline Object which keeps the characters.
heuristic_rules:
Some classified characters need some further heuristic classification rules. Take the apostroph as an example which might get classified as a comma but is placed at the top of a textline. Therefore the apostroph can be classified "manual" as a comma. On default this function includes some rules for often noticed classification errors for _roman_ alphabet.

The result of this function can be used as a final result as this is the full text string.

check_upper_neighbors

Check two glyphs for beeing grouped to one single character. This function is for unit connected-components like quotation marks.

Signature:
check_upper_neighbors(item,glyph,line)

with

item:
Some connected-component.
glyph:
Some connected-component.
line:
The Textline Object which includes item and glyph

There is returned an array with two elements. The first element keeps a list of characters (images that has been united to a single image) and the second image is a list of characters which has to be removed as these have been united to a single character.

check_glyph_accent

Check two glyphs for beeing grouped to one single character. This function is for unit connected-components like i, j or colon.

Signature:
check_glyph_accent(item,glyph)

with

item:
Some connected-component.
glyph:
Some connected-component.

There is returned an array with two elements. The first element keeps a list of characters (images that has been united to a single image) and the second image is a list of characters which has to be removed as these have been united to a single character.

get_line_glyphs

Segmentates the glyphs which are included in every single textline with simple rules.

Signature:
get_line_glyphs(image,textlines)

with

image:
The textdocument image which is beeing segmentated.
textlines:
A list of connected-components which keeps every textline of the document.

A Page Object has a list named textlines which should include Textline Objects. This list is filled within this function as it is called in a Page method.

show_bboxes

Draws hollow rects in an copy of image based on the rects in the glyphs list. If the save parameter is set to 1 a file with the name of filename will be created.

Signature:
show_bboxes(image,glyphs,filename=\"segmenated_glyphs.PNG\",save=1)

with:

image:
An image of the textdokument which has to be segmentated.
glyphs:
A list of rects which will be drawn on image as hallow rects.
filename:
A filename for the image file that might be created.
save:
On default save is set to 1 which will cause the function to create a new image file named filename. If save is set to 0 the function will try to display the image on-the-fly in a box.

This function is usefull for debugging or for getting information about the segmentation process. The Page object useses this function in three methods for displaying the segmentation of textlines, all single characters and all detected words.

ocr-1.0.6/doc/html/classes.html0000644000175000017500000000264011716212172015677 0ustar dalitzdalitz Classes

Classes

Last modified: February 13, 2012

Contents

Alphabetical

C

ClassifyCCs (gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.ClassifyCCs)

P

Page (gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Page)

T

Textline (gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Textline)

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OCR toolkit for Gamera

Last modified: February 13, 2012

Editor:Rene Baston, Christoph Dalitz
Version:1.0.6

Use the 'Addons' section on the Gamera home page for access to file releases of this toolkit.

Overview

The purpose of the OCR Toolkit is to help building optical character recognition (OCR) systems for standard text documents. Even though it can be used as is, it is specifically designed to make individual steps of the recognition system customizable and replacable. The toolkit is based on and requires the Gamera framework for document analysis and recognition. As an addon package for Gamera, it provides

  • python library functions for building a custom OCR system
  • a ready-to-run python script ocr4gamera which acts as a basic OCR-system

A comprehensive overview of design, usage and customization of the OCR toolkit can be found in the paper

C. Dalitz, R. Baston: Optical Character Recognition with the Gamera Framework. In C. Dalitz (Ed.): "Document Image Analysis with the Gamera Framework." Schriftenreihe des Fachbereichs Elektrotechnik und Informatik, Hochschule Niederrhein, vol. 8, pp. 53-65, Shaker Verlag (2009)

The recognition process

Optical character recognition (OCR) means the extraction of a machine readable text code from bitmap images of text documents. This process typically consists of the following steps:

Preprocessing:
Includes binarization, skew correction, image enhancement, text/graphics separation
Segmentation:
Segmentation of the page in text lines (page segmentation) and characters (character segmentation)
Classification:
Identification of the individual characters
Postprocessing:
Includes the generation of the output string and maybe detection and correction of possible errors

The OCR toolkit only covers the process from segmentation to postprocessing. For preprocessing, the standard routines shipped with Gamera must be used beforehand, e.g. rotation_angle_projections for skew correction, or despeckle for noise removal.

For classification, the kNN classifier shipped with Gamera must be used. This means in particular, that you must train some sample pages before doing the classification. At present, the toolkit does not include training databases for common fonts.

Provided Components

The toolkit consists of two python modules, a plugin image function and one end user application.

The modules are

  • classes which contains all class definitions
  • ocr_toolkit for global functions used across the classes

The end user application is

  • ocr4gamera.py is a script that acts as a basic OCR-system

There is also one image plugin bbox_seg for textline segmentation which is simply a wrapper around the Gamera core plugin bbox_segmentation.

Limitations

As the segmentation of the individual characters is based on a connected component analysis, the toolkit cannot deal with touching characters, unless they have been trained as ligaturae. It is therefore in general only applicable to printed documents, rather than handwritten documents.

From a user's perspective, there are some points to beware in this toolkit:

  • It does not provide methods for text/graphics separation. Hopefully, some generic methods for this purpose will be added at some point in the Gamera core.
  • It does not provide prototypes of latin characters. This means that characters must be trained on sample pages before using the toolkit.
  • The standard page segmentation algorithm for textline separation is currently very basic.

User's Manual

This documentation is written for those who want to use the toolkit for OCR, but are not interested in extending the toolkit itself.

Developer's Manual

This documentation is for those who want to extend the functionality of the OCR toolkit, or who want to customize specific steps of the recognition process.

  • Developer's manual: describes how to customize the recognition process
  • Classes: reference for the classes involved in the segmentation process. These are:
    • Page for doing the page segmentation
    • Textline for storing the segmentation result within Page
    • ClassifyCCs for (optionally) doing the classification during page segmentation
  • Functions: the global functions defined by the toolkit
  • Plugins: Reference for the plugin functions shipped with this toolkit

Installation

We have only tested the toolkit on Linux and MacOS X, but as the toolkit is written entirely in Python, the following instructions should work for any operating system.

Prerequisites

First you will need a working installation of Gamera 3.x. See the Gamera website for details. It is strongly recommended that you use a recent version, preferably from SVN.

If you want to generate the documentation, you will need two additional third-party Python libraries:

  • docutils for handling reStructuredText documents.
  • pygments for colorizing source code.

Note

It is generally not necessary to generate the documentation because it is included in file releases of the toolkit.

Building and Installing

To build and install this toolkit, go to the base directory of the toolkit distribution and run the setup.py script as follows:

# 1) compile
python setup.py build

# 2) install
sudo python setup.py install

Command 1) compiles the toolkit from the sources and command 2) installs it. As the latter requires root privilegue, you need to use sudo on Linux and MacOS X. On Windows, sudo is not necessary.

Note that the script ocr4gamera is installed into /usr/bin on Linux, but into /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.x/bin on MacOS X. As the latter directory is not in the standard search path, you could either add it to your search path, or install the scripts additionally into /usr/bin on MacOS X with:

# install scripts into standard path (MacOS X only)
sudo python setup.py install_scripts -d /usr/bin

If you want to regenerate the documentation, go to the doc directory and run the gendoc.py script. The output will be placed in the doc/html/ directory. The contents of this directory can be placed on a webserver for convenient viewing.

Note

Before building the documentation you must install the toolkit. Otherwise gendoc.py will not find the plugin documentation.

Installing without root privileges

The above installation with python setup.py install will install the toolkit system wide and thus requires root privileges. If you do not have root access (Linux) or are no sudoer (MacOS X), you can install the MusicStaves toolkit into your home directory. Note however that this also requires that Gamera is installed into your home directory. It is currently not possibole to install Gamera globally and only toolkits locally.

Here are the steps to install both Gamera and the OCR toolkit into ~/python:

# install Gamera locally
mkdir ~/python
python setup.py install --prefix=~/python

# build and install the OCR toolkit locally
export CFLAGS=-I~/python/include/python2.3/gamera
python setup.py build
python setup.py install --prefix=~/python

Moreover you should set the following environment variables in your ~/.profile:

# search path for python modules
export PYTHONPATH=~/python/lib/python

# search path for executables (eg. gamera_gui)
export PATH=~/python/bin:$PATH

Uninstallation

The installation uses the Python distutils, which do not support uninstallation. Thus you need to remove the installed files manually:

  • the installed Python library files of the toolkit
  • the installed standalone scripts

Python Library Files

All python library files of this toolkit are installed into the gamera/toolkits/ocr subdirectory of the Python library folder. Thus it is sufficient to remove this directory for an uninstallation.

Where the python library folder is depends on your system and python version. Here are the folders that you need to remove on MacOS X and Debian Linux ("2.3" stands for the python version; replace it with your actual version):

  • MacOS X: /Library/Python/2.3/gamera/toolkits/ocr
  • Debian Linux: /usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/gamera/toolkits/ocr

Standalone Scripts

The standalone scripts are installed into /usr/bin (linux) or /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.3/bin (MacOS X), unless you have explicitly chosen a different location with the options --prefix or --home during installation.

For an uninstall, remove the following script:

  • ocr4gamera.py

Note

In older versions (1.0.0 and 1.0.1) this script was named ocr4gamera. Remove this old script, if you are upgrading from one of these versions.

About this documentation

The documentation was written by Rene Baston and Christoph Dalitz. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this documentation under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike License (CC-BY-SA) v3.0. In addition, permission is granted to use and/or modify the code snippets from the documentation without restrictions.

ocr-1.0.6/doc/html/usermanual.html0000644000175000017500000003276711716212105016427 0ustar dalitzdalitz OCR Toolkit User's Manual

OCR Toolkit User's Manual

Last modified: February 13, 2012

This documentation is for those who want to use the toolkit for OCR, but are not interested in extending the toolkit itself.

Overview

The toolkit provides the functionality to segment an image page into text lines, words and characters, to sort them in reading-order, and to generate an output string.

Before you can use the OCR toolkit, you must first train characters from sample pages, which will then be used by the toolkit for classifying characters:

images/overview.png

Hence the proper use of this toolkit requires the following two steps:

  • training of sample characters on representative document images. This step is interactive and is done with the Gamera GUI, as described in the Gamera training tutorial
  • recognition of documents with the aid of this training data. This step usually runs automatically without user interaction. For this purpose, the tools from the present toolkit can be used.

There are two options to use this toolkit: you can either use the script ocr4gamera.py as provided by the toolkit, or you can build your own recognition scripts with the aid of the python library functions provided by the toolkit. Both alternatives are described below.

Using the script ocr4gamera.py

The ocr4gamera.py script takes an image and already trained data and segments the picture into single glyphs. The training-data is used to classify those glyphs and converts them into strings. The final text is written to standard-out or can optionally be stored in a textfile. Also a word by word correction can be performed on the recognized text.

The end user application ocr4gamera.py will be installed to /usr/bin unless you habe explicitly chosen a different location. Its synopsis is:

ocr4gamera.py -x <trainingdata> [options] <imagefile>

Options can be in short (one dash, one character) or long form (two dashes, string). When called with -h, --help or an invalid option, a usage message will be printed. The other options are:

-x trainingdata, --xml-file=trainingdata
This option is required. trainingdata must be an xml file created with Gamera's training dialog.
-o outfile, --output=outfile
Writes the output text to outfile. When not given, the result is printed to stdout.
-a, --automatic-group
Uses Gamera's automatic grouping algorithm during classification. This can be helpful when glyphs are fragmentated.
-d, --deskew
Does a skew correction before page segmentation.
-f, --filter
Enables some basic filter operations like deleting very big or very small connected components.
-D, --dictionary-correction
Post-processing step called dictionary-check can be enabled here. For using this you need to have the unix spell tools installed like aspell and ispell. Do not forget to install the needed language and turn it on by changing the LANG environment variable or set it with the -L option.
-L language, --dictionary-language=language
Sets the dictionary for the correcting-process. Otherwise the locale-settings language (aspell) or the default language (ispell) is used.
-e number, --edit-distance=number
Sets the max. distance between two words, the recognized and the corrected word. The actual distance is calculated by the gamera built in function edit_distance. It has to be integer. The default value is 2.
-c csv-file, --extra_chars_csvfile=csv_file

Use a user defined translation table of class names to character strings. The csv_file must contain a list of comma separated pairs (classname, output) one pair per line as in the following example (the output string after the comma can be any string consisting of unicode characters):

latin.small.ligature.st,st
latin.small.ligature.ft,ft
latin.small.letter.long.s,s
-R rules, --heuristic_rules=rules
apply heuristic rules rules for disambiguation of some chars rules can be roman (default) or none (for no rules)
-v level, --information=level
Set verbosity level to level. When one, debug information is printed to stdout. When two, additionally three images are written to the current directory: debug_lines.png has the detected textlines marked, debug_chars.png has all segmentated characters marked, and debug_words.png has all words marked. This can be usefull to identify segmentation errors.

Writing custom scripts

If you want to write your own scripts for recognition, you can use ocr4gamera.py as a good starting point.

In order to access the OCR Toolkit classes and functions, you must import them at the beginning of your script:

from gamera.toolkits.ocr.ocr_toolkit import *
from gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes import Textline,Page,ClassifyCCs

After that you can segment an image with the Page class and its method segment():

img = load_image("image.png")
if img.data.pixel_type != ONEBIT:
   img = img.to_onebit()
result_page = Page(img)
result_page.segment()

The Page object result_page now contains all segment information like textlines, words and characters in reading order. You can then classify the characters line-per-line with a knn classifier and print the document text:

# load training data into classifier
cknn = knn.kNNInteractive([], \
          ["aspect_ratio", "moments", "volume64regions"], 0)
cknn.from_xml_filename("trainingdata.xml")

# classify characters and create output text
for line in page.textlines:
    line.glyphs = \
           cknn.classify_and_update_list_automatic(line.glyphs)
    line.sort_glyphs()
    print "Text of line", textline_to_string(line)

Note that the function textline_to_string is global and not bound to a class instance. This function requires that class names for characters have been chosen according to the standard unicode character names, as in the examples of the following table:

Character Unicode Name Class Name
! EXCLAMATION MARK exclamation.mark
2 DIGIT TWO digit.two
A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A latin.capital.letter.a
a LATIN SMALL LETTER A latin.small.letter.a

For more information on how to fine control the segmentation process, see the developer's manual.

ocr-1.0.6/doc/html/ocr4gamera.html0000644000175000017500000000610511716171513016271 0ustar dalitzdalitz

Using the ocr4gamera script

The ocr4gamera script takes a picture and already trained data and segments the

Last modified: April 29, 2010

picture to single glyphs. The training-data is than used to classify those glyphs and converts them into strings. The final text is written to standard-out or can optionally be stored in a textfile. Also a word by word correction can be per- formed on the recognized text.

The option -x for the trained xml-file and the picture are essential parameters. The picture always has to be the last argument. So the minimal call looks like this

ocr4gamera -x classifier_glyphs.xml picture.png

The optional parameters are:

-v --verbose for further information printed to standard-out. -h --help for short information about usage -o --output file.txt for printing the recognized text into given file -a --automatic-group for autogrouping the glyphs with the classifier -i --information for dumping information about the segmentation process in png

System Message: ERROR/3 (./src/ocr4gamera.txt, line 31)

Unexpected indentation.
files

System Message: WARNING/2 (./src/ocr4gamera.txt, line 32)

Block quote ends without a blank line; unexpected unindent.

-d --deskew for a skew-correction on the image -f --filter for a filter-correction on the image. Eleminates noise. -D --dictionary-correction for correcting the recognized text word by word. On

System Message: ERROR/3 (./src/ocr4gamera.txt, line 35)

Unexpected indentation.
default the program 'aspell' is used. If not installed 'ispell' is used.

System Message: WARNING/2 (./src/ocr4gamera.txt, line 36)

Block quote ends without a blank line; unexpected unindent.
-L --dictionary-language language for selecting a dictionary for the correcting-
process. Otherwise the locale-settings language (aspell) or the default language (ispell) is used.
-e --edit-distance number for setting the max. distance as integer between a recognized and
a corrected word, which is calculated by the gamera built in function edit_distance. The default value is 2.
ocr-1.0.6/doc/html/gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.ClassifyCCs.html0000644000175000017500000000774011716212172023736 0ustar dalitzdalitz class ClassifyCCs

class ClassifyCCs

Last modified: February 13, 2012

ClassifyCCs

In module gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes

This is a callable class that can optionally be passed to the constructor of Page, so that it will be called during the segmentation process.

Its standard definition should generally be sufficient for using a kNN classifier. Should you need to write your own classification function (e.g. one that additionally uses heuristic rules for classification), make sure that you overwrite the __call__ method with the same signature.

For fine tuning the classification, the follwoing attributes can be used:

knn
The knn classifier; this is passed in the constructor
parts_to_group
Corresponds to max_parts_per_group in kNNInteractive.group_list_automatic. Default value is 3.
grouping_distance
Corresponds to the distance argument of the grouping_function in kNNInteractive.group_list_automatic. Only CCs closer than this distance are considered for grouping. Default value is -1, which means that it will be calculated automatically as in __call__.

__init__

Signature:

__init__ (knn)

where knn is a kNN classifier which has already loaded training data.

__call__

This method will be called in Page.segment. Signature:

__call__ (ccs)

where ccs is the list of glyphs that is to be classified. See the documentation of Gamera's classifier API how the classification result is stored in the glpyhs.

How the classification is done is controled by the following attributes of ClassifyCCs:

  • When parts_to_group > 1, the classification is done with Gamera's grouping algorithm; otherwise no grouping of broken characters is done.
  • In case of grouping, the property distance is passed to the grouping function. When it is -1 (default), it is set to the median height of the ccs.
ocr-1.0.6/doc/src/0000755000175000017500000000000011716212264013177 5ustar dalitzdalitzocr-1.0.6/doc/src/ocr_toolkit.txt0000700000175000017500000001071011716171513016261 0ustar dalitzdalitz================== ocr_toolkit_py ================== Functions '''''''''' return_char ------------ Returns a result character for building the string. Signature: ``return_char(unicode_str)`` with **unicode_str**: This expeted string has to be in unicode format, e.g. ``latin.small.letter.a`` will return the character ``a`` The returned character should be used for creating the result string. chars_make_words ----------------- Splits the amount of grouped characters which has been detected in a textline to single words. Signature: ``chars_make_words(lines_glyphs,threshold=None)`` with *lines_glyphs*: ``lines_glyphs`` has to be the list of connected-components which represents the amount of characters for a textline. *threshold*: For splitting the amount of characters to single words is a ``threshold`` needed. If two characters have more or equal empty space between each other there is a white space detected. The default value for this parameter is ``None`` which will make the function calculate a threshold value automatic The ``Textline`` Objects keep a word list as an attribute which expects a list like this functions return value. textline_to_string ------------------ Gives a full text string as result. Signature: ``textline_to_string(line, heuristic_rules="roman")`` with *line*: The ``Textline`` Object which keeps the characters. *heuristic_rules*: Some classified characters need some further heuristic classification rules. Take the apostroph as an example which might get classified as a comma but is placed at the top of a textline. Therefore the apostroph can be classified \"manual\" as a comma. On default this function includes some rules for often noticed classification errors for _roman_ alphabet. The result of this function can be used as a final result as this is the full text string. check_upper_neighbors ---------------------- Check two glyphs for beeing grouped to one single character. This function is for unit connected-components like quotation marks. Signature: ``check_upper_neighbors(item,glyph,line)`` with *item*: Some connected-component. *glyph*: Some connected-component. *line*: The ``Textline`` Object which includes ``item`` and ``glyph`` There is returned an array with two elements. The first element keeps a list of characters (images that has been united to a single image) and the second image is a list of characters which has to be removed as these have been united to a single character. check_glyph_accent ------------------- Check two glyphs for beeing grouped to one single character. This function is for unit connected-components like i, j or colon. Signature: ``check_glyph_accent(item,glyph)`` with *item*: Some connected-component. *glyph*: Some connected-component. There is returned an array with two elements. The first element keeps a list of characters (images that has been united to a single image) and the second image is a list of characters which has to be removed as these have been united to a single character. get_line_glyphs ---------------- Segmentates the glyphs which are included in every single textline with simple rules. Signature: ``get_line_glyphs(image,textlines)`` with *image*: The textdocument image which is beeing segmentated. *textlines*: A list of connected-components which keeps every textline of the document. A ``Page`` Object has a list named ``textlines`` which should include ``Textline`` Objects. This list is filled within this function as it is called in a ``Page`` method. show_bboxes ------------ Draws hollow rects in an copy of image based on the rects in the ``glyphs`` list. If the ``save`` parameter is set to ``1`` a file with the name of ``filename`` will be created. Signature: ``show_bboxes(image,glyphs,filename=\"segmenated_glyphs.PNG\",save=1)`` with: *image*: An image of the textdokument which has to be segmentated. *glyphs*: A list of rects which will be drawn on ``image`` as hallow rects. *filename*: A filename for the image file that might be created. *save*: On default ``save`` is set to ``1`` which will cause the function to create a new image file named ``filename``. If ``save`` is set to ``0`` the function will try to display the image on-the-fly in a box. This function is usefull for debugging or for getting information about the segmentation process. The ``Page`` object useses this function in three methods for displaying the segmentation of textlines, all single characters and all detected words. ocr-1.0.6/doc/src/usermanual.txt0000700000175000017500000001656311716212100016105 0ustar dalitzdalitz========================= OCR Toolkit User's Manual ========================= This documentation is for those who want to use the toolkit for OCR, but are not interested in extending the toolkit itself. Overview '''''''' The toolkit provides the functionality to segment an image page into text lines, words and characters, to sort them in reading-order, and to generate an output string. Before you can use the OCR toolkit, you must first train characters from sample pages, which will then be used by the toolkit for classifying characters: .. image:: images/overview.png Hence the proper use of this toolkit requires the following two steps: - training of sample characters on representative document images. This step is interactive and is done with the Gamera GUI, as described in the `Gamera training tutorial`__ - recognition of documents with the aid of this training data. This step usually runs automatically without user interaction. For this purpose, the tools from the present toolkit can be used. .. __: http://gamera.sourceforge.net/doc/html/training_tutorial.html There are two options to use this toolkit: you can either use the script ``ocr4gamera.py`` as provided by the toolkit, or you can build your own recognition scripts with the aid of the python library functions provided by the toolkit. Both alternatives are described below. Using the script ``ocr4gamera.py`` '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' The *ocr4gamera.py* script takes an image and already trained data and segments the picture into single glyphs. The training-data is used to classify those glyphs and converts them into strings. The final text is written to standard-out or can optionally be stored in a textfile. Also a word by word correction can be performed on the recognized text. The end user application *ocr4gamera.py* will be installed to ``/usr/bin`` unless you habe explicitly chosen a different location. Its synopsis is:: ocr4gamera.py -x [options] Options can be in short (one dash, one character) or long form (two dashes, string). When called with ``-h``, ``--help`` or an invalid option, a usage message will be printed. The other options are: ``-x`` *trainingdata*, ``--xml-file``\ =\ *trainingdata* This option is required. *trainingdata* must be an xml file created with `Gamera's training dialog`__. .. __: http://gamera.sourceforge.net/doc/html/training_tutorial.html ``-o`` *outfile*, ``--output``\ =\ *outfile* Writes the output text to *outfile*. When not given, the result is printed to stdout. ``-a``, ``--automatic-group`` Uses Gamera's automatic grouping algorithm during classification. This can be helpful when glyphs are fragmentated. ``-d``, ``--deskew`` Does a skew correction before page segmentation. ``-f``, ``--filter`` Enables some basic filter operations like deleting very big or very small connected components. ``-D``, ``--dictionary-correction`` Post-processing step called dictionary-check can be enabled here. For using this you need to have the unix ``spell`` tools installed like ``aspell`` and ``ispell``. Do not forget to install the needed language and turn it on by changing the ``LANG`` environment variable or set it with the ``-L`` option. ``-L`` *language*, ``--dictionary-language``\ =\ *language* Sets the dictionary for the correcting-process. Otherwise the locale-settings language (aspell) or the default language (ispell) is used. ``-e`` *number*, ``--edit-distance``\ =\ *number* Sets the max. distance between two words, the recognized and the corrected word. The actual distance is calculated by the gamera built in function edit_distance. It has to be integer. The default value is 2. ``-c`` *csv-file*, ``--extra_chars_csvfile``\ =\ *csv_file* Use a user defined translation table of class names to character strings. The *csv_file* must contain a list of comma separated pairs (classname, output) one pair per line as in the following example (the output string after the comma can be any string consisting of unicode characters): :: latin.small.ligature.st,st latin.small.ligature.ft,ft latin.small.letter.long.s,s ``-R`` *rules*, ``--heuristic_rules``\ =\ *rules* apply heuristic rules *rules* for disambiguation of some chars *rules* can be ``roman`` (default) or ``none`` (for no rules) ``-v`` *level*, ``--information``\ =\ *level* Set verbosity level to *level*. When one, debug information is printed to stdout. When two, additionally three images are written to the current directory: ``debug_lines.png`` has the detected textlines marked, ``debug_chars.png`` has all segmentated characters marked, and ``debug_words.png`` has all words marked. This can be usefull to identify segmentation errors. Writing custom scripts '''''''''''''''''''''' If you want to write your own scripts for recognition, you can use ``ocr4gamera.py`` as a good starting point. In order to access the *OCR Toolkit* classes and functions, you must import them at the beginning of your script: .. code:: Python from gamera.toolkits.ocr.ocr_toolkit import * from gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes import Textline,Page,ClassifyCCs After that you can segment an image with the Page__ class and its method *segment()*: .. __: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Page.html .. code:: Python img = load_image("image.png") if img.data.pixel_type != ONEBIT: img = img.to_onebit() result_page = Page(img) result_page.segment() The ``Page`` object *result_page* now contains all segment information like textlines, words and characters in reading order. You can then classify the characters line-per-line with a knn classifier and print the document text: .. code:: Python # load training data into classifier cknn = knn.kNNInteractive([], \ ["aspect_ratio", "moments", "volume64regions"], 0) cknn.from_xml_filename("trainingdata.xml") # classify characters and create output text for line in page.textlines: line.glyphs = \ cknn.classify_and_update_list_automatic(line.glyphs) line.sort_glyphs() print "Text of line", textline_to_string(line) Note that the function `textline_to_string`_ is global and not bound to a class instance. This function requires that class names for characters have been chosen according to the `standard unicode character names`_, as in the examples of the following table: .. _`textline_to_string`: functions.html#textline-to-string .. _`standard unicode character names`: http://www.unicode.org/charts/ +-----------+----------------------------+----------------------------+ | Character | Unicode Name | Class Name | +===========+============================+============================+ | ``!`` | ``EXCLAMATION MARK`` | ``exclamation.mark`` | +-----------+----------------------------+----------------------------+ | ``2`` | ``DIGIT TWO`` | ``digit.two`` | +-----------+----------------------------+----------------------------+ | ``A`` | ``LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A`` | ``latin.capital.letter.a`` | +-----------+----------------------------+----------------------------+ | ``a`` | ``LATIN SMALL LETTER A`` | ``latin.small.letter.a`` | +-----------+----------------------------+----------------------------+ For more information on how to fine control the segmentation process, see the `developer's manual`__. .. __: developermanual.html ocr-1.0.6/doc/src/developermanual.txt0000700000175000017500000001060211716171513017114 0ustar dalitzdalitz============================== OCR Toolkit Developer's Manual ============================== This documentation is for those who want to extend the functionality of the OCR toolkit, or who want to customize specific steps of the recognition process. For a comprehensive overview over the architecture of this toolkit, see section 3 of C. Dalitz, R. Baston: `Optical Character Recognition with the Gamera Framework.`__ In C. Dalitz (Ed.): "Document Image Analysis with the Gamera Framework." Schriftenreihe des Fachbereichs Elektrotechnik und Informatik, Hochschule Niederrhein, vol. 8, pp. 53-65, Shaker Verlag (2009) .. __: http://lionel.kr.hsnr.de/~dalitz/data/publications/sr09-ocr-gamera.pdf Overview ''''''''' The core functionality of this toolkit is implemented in the Page_ class. This class provides a method *segment*, which segments the page into lines, and the lines into characters and words. The segmentation result is stored in the property *textlines*, which is a list of objects from type Textline_. .. _Page: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Page.html .. _Textline: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Textline.html To customize the page segmentation process, you can derive a custom class from ``Page``, and overwrite some methods. While it is theoretically possible to directly overwrite the *segment* method, it is in most cases more desirable to only overwrite one of the methods called in *segment*, so that only a specific part of the segmentation process is replaced. See the `documentation of Page.segment`__ for information which other methods are called in this method. .. __: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Page.html#segment In the subsequent sections, we describe two typical use cases: - the replacement of the standard page segmentation algorithm with something else - the replacement of the rule based character segmentation with Gamera's classification based grouping algorithm. Replacing the page segmentation method '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Let us assume you want to use the Gamera core plugin *projection_cutting* for segmenting the page into text lines. To do so, simply derive a custom class *MyPage* from *Page* and overwrite the *page_to_lines* method: .. code:: Python class MyPage(Page): def page_to_lines(self): self.ccs_lines = self.img.projection_cutting() This example is obviously very basic; in practice you might want to experiment with the input arguments of *projection_cutting*. You can the use *MyPge* just like *Page*, and the following code does the same segmentation as *Page.segment*, but with only *page_to_lines* replaced: .. code:: Python result = MyPage(image) result.segment() Let Gamera's training based grouping attach diacritics '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Now let us assume that you want to let Gamera's classification based grouping algorithm join connected components to characters, rather than the rule based method built into ``Page.lines_to_chars``. To do so, derive a custom class *MyPage* from *Page*, that segments the line into characters only by a connected component analysis, without any joining of CCs to characters (this will be done at a later point): .. code:: Python # segment lines into chars only by CC analysis class MyPage(Page): def lines_to_chars(self): dummy, subbccs = self.img.sub_cc_analysis(self.ccs_lines) self.textlines = [] for i,segment in enumerate(self.ccs_lines): self.textlines.append(Textline(segment, subccs[i])) Then you must make sure that a classification with grouping is done during ``Page.segment``. This is done by passing a callable class derived from ClassifyCCs_ to the contructor of *MyPage*. As the default definition of *ClassifyCCs* already does what we need, we simply need to create an instance thereform: .. _ClassifyCCs: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.ClassifyCCs.html .. code:: Python # create an instance of ClassifyCCs ... cknn = knn.kNNInteractive([], \ ["aspect_ratio", "moments", "volume64regions"], 0) cknn.from_xml_filename("trainingdata.xml") classify = ClassifyCCs(cknn) # ... and set its property parts_to_group such that the # grouping algorithm will be used during classification classify.parts_to_group = 4 # pass the ClassifyCCs instance to the constructor of MyPage page = MyPage(image, classify_ccs=classify) page.segment() # will call classify ocr-1.0.6/doc/src/gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Textline.txt0000700000175000017500000000041711716212171023044 0ustar dalitzdalitzclass ``Textline`` ================== ``Textline`` ------------ In module ``gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes`` .. docstring:: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes Textline :no_title: .. docstring:: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes Textline __init__ add_glyph add_glyphs sort_glyphs ocr-1.0.6/doc/src/pagesegmentation.txt0000644000175000017500000000355211716212171017274 0ustar dalitzdalitz PageSegmentation ================ ``bbox_mcmillan`` ----------------- [object] **bbox_mcmillan** ([object *glyphs*] = None, float *section_search_size* = 1.00, float *noise_mltplk* = 1.00, float *large_mltplk* = 20.00, float *stdev_mltplk* = 5.00) :Operates on: ``Image`` [OneBit] :Returns: [object] :Category: PageSegmentation :Defined in: bbox_merging_mcmillan.py :Author: Robert Butz, Karl MacMillan Returns the textlines from image as connected components. The segmentation method is adapted from McMillan's segmentation method in roman_text.py. It allows a more individual segmentation through parameterization. Options: *glyphs*: This list can be build out of a ``cc_analysis``. On default, this parameter is blank, which will cause the function to call ``cc_analysis`` itself. *section_search_size* This optional parameter adjusts the calculated avg_glyph_size by multipling its value (default=1). *noise_mltplk* With this optional parameter one can adjust the noise_recognition rate independently from the calculated avg_glyph_size (default = 1). Values greater than 1 let the noise_removal detect bigger noise (but maybe even glyphs). Chose smaller values to avoid assigning small glyphs to noise. *large_mltplk* Analog to noise_mltplk one can set this parameter to manipulate the recognition of very large ccs according to the avg_glyph_size (default=20). Higher values lead to a better acceptance of above-average ccs. Beneficial, for example for big capital initials at the beginning of paragraphs such as seen in bibles. *stdev_mltplk* This parameter affects the line finding algorithm by excluding abnormally tall glyphs (default=5). The standard deviation will be calculated and multiplied by this parameter. ocr-1.0.6/doc/src/gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Page.txt0000700000175000017500000000047011716212171022123 0ustar dalitzdalitzclass ``Page`` ============== ``Page`` -------- In module ``gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes`` .. docstring:: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes Page :no_title: .. docstring:: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes Page __init__ segment page_to_lines order_lines lines_to_chars chars_to_words show_lines show_glyphs show_words ocr-1.0.6/doc/src/ocr.txt0000644000175000017500000000353711716171513014534 0ustar dalitzdalitz OCR === segmentation ------------ ``bbox_mcmill`` ``````````````` [object] **bbox_mcmill** ([object *glyphs*], float *section_search_size* = 1.00, float *noise_mltplk* = 1.00, float *large_mltplk* = 20.00, float *stdev_mltplk* = 5.00) :Operates on: ``Image`` [OneBit] :Returns: [object] :Category: OCR/segmentation :Defined in: bbox_merging_mcmillan.py :Author: Robert Butz, Karl MacMillan Returns the textlines from image as connected components. The segmentation method is adapted from McMillan's segmentation method in roman_text.py. It allows a more individual segmentation through parameterization. Options: *glyphs*: This list can be build out of a ``cc_analysis``. On default, this parameter is blank, which will cause the function to call ``cc_analysis`` itself. *section_search_size* This optional parameter adjusts the calculated avg_glyph_size by multipling its value (default=1). *noise_mltplk* With this optional parameter one can adjust the noise_recognition rate independently from the calculated avg_glyph_size (default = 1). Values greater than 1 let the noise_removal detect bigger noise (but maybe even glyphs). Chose smaller values to avoid assigning small glyphs to noise. *large_mltplk* Analog to noise_mltplk one can set this parameter to manipulate the recognition of very large ccs according to the avg_glyph_size (default=20). Higher values lead to a better acceptance of above-average ccs. Beneficial, for example for big capital initials at the beginning of paragraphs such as seen in bibles. *stdev_mltplk* This parameter affects the line finding algorithm by excluding abnormally tall glyphs (default=5). The standard deviation will be calculated and multiplied by this parameter. ocr-1.0.6/doc/src/html4css1.css0000700000175000017500000001301511716171513015525 0ustar dalitzdalitz/* :Author: David Goodger :Contact: goodger@users.sourceforge.net :Date: $Date: 2007/08/10 14:44:25 $ :Revision: $Revision: 1.1 $ :Copyright: This stylesheet has been placed in the public domain. Default cascading style sheet for the HTML output of Docutils. See http://docutils.sf.net/docs/howto/html-stylesheets.html for how to customize this style sheet. */ /* used to remove borders from tables and images */ .borderless, table.borderless td, table.borderless th { border: 0 } table.borderless td, table.borderless th { /* Override padding for "table.docutils td" with "! important". 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padding: 1em } div.system-message p.system-message-title { color: red ; font-weight: bold } div.topic { margin: 2em } h1.section-subtitle, h2.section-subtitle, h3.section-subtitle, h4.section-subtitle, h5.section-subtitle, h6.section-subtitle { margin-top: 0.4em } h1.title { text-align: center } h2.subtitle { text-align: center } hr.docutils { width: 75% } img.align-left { clear: left } img.align-right { clear: right } ol.simple, ul.simple { margin-bottom: 1em } ol.arabic { list-style: decimal } ol.loweralpha { list-style: lower-alpha } ol.upperalpha { list-style: upper-alpha } ol.lowerroman { list-style: lower-roman } ol.upperroman { list-style: upper-roman } p.attribution { text-align: right ; margin-left: 50% } p.caption { font-style: italic } p.credits { font-style: italic ; font-size: smaller } p.label { white-space: nowrap } p.rubric { font-weight: bold ; font-size: larger ; color: maroon ; text-align: center } p.sidebar-title { font-family: sans-serif ; font-weight: bold ; font-size: larger } p.sidebar-subtitle { font-family: sans-serif ; 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padding-right: 0.5em ; vertical-align: top } table.docutils th.field-name, table.docinfo th.docinfo-name { font-weight: bold ; text-align: left ; white-space: nowrap ; } td.field-body, th.field-name { padding: 0.5em; border: solid thin #aaaaaa; } h1 tt.docutils, h2 tt.docutils, h3 tt.docutils, h4 tt.docutils, h5 tt.docutils, h6 tt.docutils { font-size: 100% } tt.docutils { } ul.auto-toc { list-style-type: none } ocr-1.0.6/doc/src/classes.txt0000700000175000017500000000060411716212171015363 0ustar dalitzdalitz======= Classes ======= Alphabetical ------------- **C** ClassifyCCs_ (gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.ClassifyCCs) **P** Page_ (gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Page) **T** Textline_ (gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Textline) .. _ClassifyCCs: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.ClassifyCCs.html .. _Page: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Page.html .. _Textline: gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes.Textline.htmlocr-1.0.6/doc/src/plugins.txt0000644000175000017500000000040611716212171015416 0ustar dalitzdalitz======= Plugins ======= By categories ------------- - PageSegmentation_ - bbox_mcmillan_ Alphabetical ------------- **B** bbox_mcmillan_ .. _PageSegmentation: pagesegmentation.html#pagesegmentation .. _bbox_mcmillan: pagesegmentation.html#bbox-mcmillanocr-1.0.6/doc/src/images/0000755000175000017500000000000011716212264014444 5ustar dalitzdalitzocr-1.0.6/doc/src/images/overview.png0000644000175000017500000001344511716171513017030 0ustar dalitzdalitzPNG  IHDRǮsRGBbKGD pHYs M MέNtIME !T9IDATx͑8`"͘Xm:B09O s"HHHy"ݥ(^R XcB芻M{T"g~>~9իEߗF4E^Zb 'W Z߾BFDl;ҩn([Y8אN)+W= RZ}Q?_x__m׍w}iu}o=w~y_m渺cM}N>ܱs>Q#c/Bh#ƘZӺͶ3랄u\|0s+OZy٣1 'ˍm74b%h#m!1qܮq; ?ht5s'%d˓j 0N)Au_~Z]&d@BI٘?a/T]9 xhwPl}ΧOz9P Q̴jX$.Ƙb}JM_tGZ-@ݶn]qËhjyj%rm*( pYٺf5Ze@YqW|ao}Aşk}xVo^f]i x4ZBsr}] >㼹ҳ5cRu`8cHPp%Pt$Ҙ&?Y41߇nj$:nXhX!ZEy,=qk*VϺ\R<:K.TG0I S1Sοnm*3 s/ (ptҜKc,`SYn\[3r8Ԫ޷̺U}6~*ٖ{jXYϣ.}t_f,h dVjף?O3!eRk{'+urMrxMQKrE=>6%PqPUƩ(V΂Sha/^ZeFc[M=QO4])P[p/]]屭k3+X!2BE9UЗ*,4.zmaSc>F Pgm= JzM [|ST_}L:Tl*> Q7 CE1ws+axE:W/cPfok)}=y>8,=LuBYƚV}k?.ᇔ/Tn.%۠-0~>&5G06z(KSN9w)[[B/ɬ{+~l|PqI.iݽۍ+ܲV fHI O!z1qX:fS4r]jp/i-o>/aP}ρX7jrz{ 5e]j\TzjjH:#cٺXB,͡abV#]4]{0L!1;-’I7^XBj**@ `>BX6^X^#Tty=_)FL)59=RSv|xKQA'< ^SS1.:uwj/šBA'Т*xNtpDfr~QS +BN*oTB|/xSA'|cL<g?rKk*>cL/) ^(>`rC}z񱧩uH) vBK XjOQyt!SMP"X 8 Dgc?8=Woj*ŒW_No{ w>ΔRL)6/y#\68=E]]rkoej{xQwP𢠓%ŋ%\t֩ʿCcJ鴋 [0pT,CnXoS nM?]J)Uah_84LcŸ(9U(E1\v1;e=+L)ݿoGynۼO 7熭k5"19Kd(ZAd߸4挘 1/z'fŹ:L?4)7.iN.X܅_L5euI' r2zGX0Tk2ZWz5?_POd5#Z:j4QfFMk~H-\r/`O ; I҇ T7$L=`G,SPj rF phz- !G*^ BBG19)d<xS?,`7bi.}p!B!B5B-tr@ @**@ bB#tNwɽ1F * |(&T kS5c)~^տ/0p`j* uppk 8=70_۪ :_NT -*@xup`;p8WY=>0)53یT,-T U[,SS|7upPN(<ua T| ^0̡ ii1,d]ѷ-۷kI>cLR{?GyZJp迏:j!T :8#t( S Gz(v-L& 5PP TB TBPPB T*x(/fFcos}Pkf,>!b Tڵ~0!dXۣ+zoX6Sٚ(.L0}Pqc7n 1SSr w(z .yRf,Ꜻ$eދMIϋ`yjШ=QLSƘ\dl>}lśSzVD/a] }[X1=b& ^'7|${Xߓ5/=V+{z_xshq@ {Ac=v<}=-}#ZYo={3פNu]G(8d xP۸vNl*\E(0o&.*[͗:MPRl8 y5ὅ^22.''*@`;5sw r]T{ 34r?}o3_~rm1P^\U4f+Bķ]*X(n9EM:٫`Ábӵޛ&B!߫7߫z)* D7c)y?3Yޗ#7_#PhdrO#<ϔN1S>G*!_I! &B`q*ª`#s2?Q ah6B,BB ]Ƙlcagfµ;|?60ZCQOxx=/VC];:ǃPc.y,}<;2Qم3.ã&D3yd=CE 5Ex@Q4{O T[! 1SkB;w}::>bZ5`(ocߍa"Pϋ11Ӹ]?A1y< character can be provided in a CSV file with option "-c" o option "-i" removed; replaced with verbosity level in option "-v" o option "-a" for grouping of broken characters now works - new option extra_chars_dict in functions return_char() and textline_to_string() - new plugin bbox_merging_mcmillan in analogy to roman_text - plugin bbox_seg removed (now in the Gamera core) - replaced the non standard module "pexpect" with "popen" Version 1.0.1, Feb 25, 2010 --------------------------- - 'ocr4gamera -a' now uses the provided training file - ocr4gamera no behaves properly when no image file given - GPL copyright information added to all source file; documentation licensed under CC-BY Version 1.0.0, Oct 16, 2009 --------------------------- - first creation ocr-1.0.6/README0000644000175000017500000000344011716171513012525 0ustar dalitzdalitzOCR Toolkit for Gamera ====================== Purpose ------- "Optical character recognition" (OCR) means the extraction of the text content from a document image. This toolkit provides - python library functions for building custom ocr applications - a ready to use script ocr4gamera Requirements ------------ This toolkit has been written for the Gamera framework and requires a working Gamera installation. See the Gamera homepage: http://gamera.informatik.hsnr.de/ Documentation ------------- For a user's guide and a developer's guide see 'doc/html/index.html'. For release notes and a revision history see 'CHANGES'. A comprehensive overview of design, usage and customization of the OCR toolkit can be found in the paper C. Dalitz, R. Baston: Optical Character Recognition with the Gamera Framework. In C. Dalitz (Ed.): "Document Image Analysis with the Gamera Framework." Schriftenreihe des Fachbereichs Elektrotechnik und Informatik, Hochschule Niederrhein, vol. 8, pp. 53-65, Shaker Verlag (2009) Installation ------------ See the section "Installation" in 'doc/html/index.html' or 'doc/src/index.txt'. Authors ------- Rene Baston, 2009 Christoph Dalitz, , 2009 Please contact Christoph Dalitz for questions about this toolkit. License ------- This toolkit is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License, either version 2 of the license, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the file LICENSE for more details. ocr-1.0.6/version0000644000175000017500000000000611716210652013246 0ustar dalitzdalitz1.0.6 ocr-1.0.6/ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS0000644000175000017500000000026111716171513014120 0ustar dalitzdalitzThe authors wish to acknowledge the work of the following people, for their suggestions, bug-squashing or other contributions to the Gamera OCR toolkit: Robert Butz Jakub Wilk ocr-1.0.6/scripts/0000755000175000017500000000000011716212264013332 5ustar dalitzdalitzocr-1.0.6/scripts/ocr4gamera.py0000644000175000017500000003014311716177704015742 0ustar dalitzdalitz#!/usr/bin/python # # Copyright (C) 2009-2010 Rene Baston, Christoph Dalitz # 2011-2012 Christoph Dalitz # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or # modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License # as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 # of the License, or (at your option) any later version. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. # import codecs #keep an eye on encoding stuff... http://evanjones.ca/python-utf8.html import sys import time def usage(returncode): print "Usage:\n\tocr4gamera -x [options] " print "Options (can be short or long):" print "\t-v , --verbosity=\n" + \ "\t set verbosity level to ; possible values are\n" + \ "\t 0 (default): silent operation\n" + \ "\t 1: information on progress\n" + \ "\t >2: segmentation info is written to PNG files with prefix 'debug_'" print "\t-h, --help\n" + \ "\t this help message" print "\t-d, --deskew\n" + \ "\t do a skew correction (recommended)" print "\t-f, --filter\n" + \ "\t filter out very large (images) and very small components (noise)" print "\t-a, --automatic-group\n" + \ "\t autogroup glyphs with classifier" print "\t-x , --xmlfile=\n" + \ "\t read training data from " print "\t-o , --output=\n" + \ "\t write recognized text to file \n" + \ "\t (otherwise it is written to stdout)" print "\t-c , --extra_chars_csvfile=\n" + \ "\t read additional class name conversions from file \n" + \ "\t must contain one conversion per line" print "\t-R , --heuristic_rules=\n" + \ "\t apply heuristic rules for disambiguation of some chars\n" + \ "\t can be 'roman' (default) or 'none' (for no rules)" print "\t-D, --dictionary-correction\n" + \ "\t dictionary correction (requires aspell or ispell)" print "\t-L , --dictionary-language=\n" + \ "\t language to be used by aspell (when option -D is set)" print "\t-e , --edit-distance=\n" + \ "\t dictionary correct only when edit distance not more than " sys.exit(returncode) def correct(sentence, lang): import os from gamera.plugins.structural import edit_distance from popen2 import Popen3 correct="\*" incorrect="&" #trim_signs = '.,!?;:"' trim_signs = ('.',',','!','?',';',':','"') spell_prog = 'aspell' lang_opt = '-l' new_sentence = "" words = sentence.split(" ") if(len(words) == 0): return sentence p = Popen3('%s' % spell_prog, True) if opt.verbosity: print 'Using %s for word-correction.\n' % spell_prog if p.childerr.readlines() != []: if opt.verbosity: print '% is not installed\n' % spell_prog spell_prog = 'ispell' if opt.verbosity: print 'Using % for word-correction.\n' % spell_prog lang_opt = '-d' p = Popen3('%s Q' % spell_prog, True) if p.childerr.readlines() != ['ispell: specified file does not exist\n']: print 'Wether aspell nor ispell is installed on your system. Please make sure to install either of this programs.' exit # open with local setting language if (opt.lang == ''): if opt.verbosity: if spell_prog == 'aspell': print 'No language was given. Will open aspell with locale-settings language.\n' if spell_prog == 'ispell': print 'No language was given. Will open ispell with default language.\n' p = Popen3('%s -a' % spell_prog, True) # True is for also storing error object in return-value # user chosen language else: p = Popen3('%s -a %s %s' % (spell_prog, lang_opt, lang), True) out = p.fromchild.readline() # first line gives information about programm if (out == '' ): #something went wrong print p.childerr.readlines() exit word_count = len(words) for word in words: #word = word.strip(trim_signs) sign = "" if word.endswith(trim_signs): sign = word[-1:] word = word[:-1] word_count = word_count - 1 if(correct_this(word)): p.tochild.write('%s\n' % word.encode('utf-8')) p.tochild.flush() out = p.fromchild.readline() while (out=='\n'): out = p.fromchild.readline() if(out[0] == '*'): #spell_prog says: word correct new_sentence = new_sentence + word +sign if(word_count): new_sentence = new_sentence + " " continue elif(out[0] == '&'): #spell_prog says: word incorrect out = out.split(" ") if edit_distance(word, out[4][:-1]) <= opt.distance: word = out[4][:-1].decode('utf-8') elif opt.verbosity: print('%d. word: \'%s\' was not corrected to \'%s\'. ' 'Edit_distance: %i is larger than distance: %i.\n' % (len(words)-word_count, word, out[4][:-1], edit_distance(word, out[4][:-1]), opt.distance)) new_sentence = new_sentence + word + sign if(word_count): new_sentence = new_sentence + " " return new_sentence def correct_this(word): for character in word: if(character == "-"): return False if(character == "[" or character == "]"): return False if(character.isdigit()): return False if(word == word.upper()): return False return True class Options(): def __init__(self): self.help = False self.deskew = False self.ccsfilter = False self.auto_group = False self.dict_correct = False self.verbosity = 0 self.output = "" self.trainfile = "" self.lang = "" self.distance = 2 self.extra_chars_csvfile = "" self.heuristic_rules = "roman" # # here starts the main program # opt = Options() args = sys.argv[1:] imagefile = "" extra_chars_dict = {} if(len(args) == 0): usage(1) i =0 while i< len(args): # options without second parameter if args[i] in ("-h", "--help"): usage(0) elif args[i] in ("-d", "--deskew"): opt.deskew = True elif args[i] in ("-f", "--filter"): opt.ccsfilter = True elif args[i] in ("-a", "--automatic-group"): opt.auto_group = True elif args[i] in ("-D", "--dictionary-correction"): opt.dict_correct = True # options with second parameter # verbosity level elif args[i] in ("-v"): i+=1 opt.verbosity = int(args[i]) elif args[i].startswith("--verbosity="): opt.verbosity = int(args[len("--verbosity="):]) # result file name elif args[i] in ("-o"): i+=1 opt.output = args[i] elif args[i].startswith("--output="): opt.output = args[len("--output="):] # training data file elif args[i] in ("-x"): i+=1 opt.trainfile = args[i] elif args[i].startswith("--xmlfile="): opt.trainfile = args[i][len("--xmlfile="):] # dictionary language elif args[i] in ("-L"): i+=1 opt.lang = args[i] elif args[i].startswith("--dictionary-language="): opt.lang = args[i][len("--dictionary-language="):] # edit distance for dictionary lookup elif args[i] in ("-e"): i+=1 opt.distance = int(args[i]) elif args[i].startswith("--edit-distance="): opt.distance = int(args[i][len("--edit-distance="):]) # additional translations classname -> character elif args[i] in ("-c"): i+=1 opt.extra_chars_csvfile = args[i] elif args[i].startswith("--extra_chars_csvfile="): opt.extra_chars_csvfile = args[i][len("--extra_chars_csvfile="):] # heuristic disambiguation rules elif args[i] in ("-R"): i+=1 opt.heuristic_rules = args[i].lower() elif args[i].startswith("--heuristic_rules="): opt.heuristic_rules = args[i][len("--heuristic_rules="):].lower() # unknown option elif args[i][0] == '-': print "Error: option %s does not exist" % args[i] usage(1) else: # we assume it is the imagefile imagefile=args[i] i+=1 if opt.trainfile == "": print "Error: no training data given" usage(1) if imagefile == "": print "Error: no image file given" usage(1) # we import Gamera after parsing the command line arguments # so that in case of an error the script can be aborted beforehand from gamera.core import * init_gamera() from gamera import knn from gamera.plugins import pagesegmentation from gamera.plugins.pagesegmentation import textline_reading_order from gamera.classify import ShapedGroupingFunction from gamera.plugins.image_utilities import union_images from gamera.toolkits.ocr.ocr_toolkit import * from gamera.toolkits.ocr.classes import Textline,Page,ClassifyCCs img = load_image(imagefile) if img.data.pixel_type != ONEBIT: img = img.to_onebit() if opt.extra_chars_csvfile != "": f = codecs.open(opt.extra_chars_csvfile, "r", encoding='utf-8') for line in f: classname, char = line.split(',', 2)[:2] classname = classname.strip() char = char.strip("\n\r") extra_chars_dict[classname] = char f.close() if(opt.ccsfilter): count = 0 ccs = img.cc_analysis() print "filter started on",len(ccs) ,"elements..." median_black_area = median([cc.black_area()[0] for cc in ccs]) for cc in ccs: if(cc.black_area()[0] > (median_black_area * 10)): cc.fill_white() del cc count = count + 1 for cc in ccs: if(cc.black_area()[0] < (median_black_area / 10)): cc.fill_white() del cc count = count + 1 print "filter done.",len(ccs)-count,"elements left." if(opt.deskew): #from gamera.toolkits.otr.otr_staff import * if opt.verbosity > 0: print "\ntry to skew correct..." rotation = img.rotation_angle_projections(-10,10)[0] img = img.rotate(rotation,0) if opt.verbosity > 0: print "rotated with",rotation,"angle" if(opt.auto_group): cknn = knn.kNNInteractive([], ["aspect_ratio", "volume64regions", "moments", "nholes_extended"], 0) cknn.from_xml_filename(opt.trainfile) if(opt.ccsfilter): the_ccs = ccs else: the_ccs = img.cc_analysis() median_cc = int(median([cc.nrows for cc in the_ccs])) autogroup = ClassifyCCs(cknn) autogroup.parts_to_group = 3 autogroup.grouping_distance = max([2,median_cc / 8]) p = Page(img, classify_ccs=autogroup) if opt.verbosity > 0: print "autogrouping glyphs activated." print "maximal autogroup distance:", autogroup.grouping_distance else: p = Page(img) if opt.verbosity > 0: print "start page segmentation..." t = time.time() p.segment() if opt.verbosity > 0: t = time.time() - t print "\t segmentation done [",t,"sec]" if opt.verbosity > 1: rgbfilename = "debug_lines.png" rgb = p.show_lines() rgb.save_PNG(rgbfilename) print "file '%s' written" % rgbfilename rgbfilename = "debug_chars.png" rgb = p.show_glyphs() rgb.save_PNG(rgbfilename) print "file '%s' written" % rgbfilename rgbfilename = "debug_words.png" rgb = p.show_words() rgb.save_PNG(rgbfilename) print "file '%s' written" % rgbfilename if(opt.output == ""): sys.stdout = codecs.getwriter('utf-8')(sys.stdout) for line in p.textlines: if(opt.ccsfilter): if(len(line.glyphs) < 2): #a line with one or no glyph is useless continue cknn = knn.kNNInteractive([], ["aspect_ratio", "moments", "volume64regions", "nholes_extended"], 0) cknn.from_xml_filename(opt.trainfile) cknn.classify_list_automatic(line.glyphs) if(opt.ccsfilter): #lines with a median confidence lower than 0.005 should be useless too if(median([glyph.get_confidence() for glyph in line.glyphs]) < 0.005): continue line.sort_glyphs() line.text = textline_to_string(line, heuristic_rules=opt.heuristic_rules, extra_chars_dict=extra_chars_dict) if(opt.dict_correct): line.text = correct(line.text, opt.lang) line_text = line.text if(opt.output != ""): f = codecs.open(opt.output, "a", "utf-8") line_text = line_text + "\n" f.write(line_text) f.flush() f.close() else: print line_text if opt.verbosity > 0 and opt.output != "": print "text has been written to file",opt.output