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See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. dnsq-1.3.0/MANIFEST.in000066400000000000000000000001511302436022600142110ustar00rootroot00000000000000include LICENSE/LICENSE_NOMINUM include LICENSE/LICENSE_RACKSPACE include README.rst include MANIFEST.in dnsq-1.3.0/README.rst000066400000000000000000000003661302436022600141520ustar00rootroot00000000000000dnsq ==== DNS Query Tool Usage ----- .. code-block:: py >>> import dnsq >>> dnsq.query_dns('www.example.com', 'a') ['93.184.216.119'] .. code-block:: py >>> import dnsq >>> dnsq.mx_hosts_for('example.com') ['example.com'] dnsq-1.3.0/dnsq.py000066400000000000000000000151571302436022600140060ustar00rootroot00000000000000""" High-level DNS library built on top of dnspython. Only two functions matter here: - query_dns() : runs an arbitrary DNS query - mx_hosts_for() : returns a list of MX hosts for a given domain """ import logging import socket import threading from collections import deque from itertools import groupby from random import shuffle import dns import dns.exception import dns.resolver import dns.reversename from expiringdict import ExpiringDict _log = logging.getLogger(__name__) _DNS_CACHE_LIFE_SECONDS = 240.0 _DNS_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 3.0 # timeout per DNS server _DNS_LIFETIME_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 5.2 # total timeout per DNS request _PTR_CACHE_LEN = 512 # This cache is used to store PTR records for IP addresses _ptr_cache = ExpiringDict(max_len=_PTR_CACHE_LEN, max_age_seconds=_DNS_CACHE_LIFE_SECONDS) _thread_local = threading.local() _thread_local.resolver = None def get_primary_nameserver(hostname): """ Query DNS for the primary nameserver (SOA) for the given hostname. """ dq = deque(hostname.split('.')) while len(dq) > 1: soa = query_dns('.'.join(dq), 'SOA') if soa: return soa[0].split(" ")[0].strip(".") dq.popleft() def mx_hosts_for(hostname): """ Returns a list of MX hostnames for a given domain name, sorted by their priority + randomization Note that if no MX records are found it falls back to default >>> mx_hosts_for('gmail.com') ['alt1.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com', 'alt2.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com'] Raises ecxeptions for network errors. """ retval = [] try: answers = sorted(_exec_query(hostname, 'MX')) for mx_pref, grouper in groupby(answers, lambda entry: entry.preference): group = [entry.exchange.to_text() for entry in grouper] shuffle(group) retval += group # timeout, raise an exception - let them retry except dns.exception.Timeout: raise Exception("DNS failure for " + str(hostname)) # no MX record: except dns.resolver.NoAnswer: retval = [hostname] # invalid domain except dns.resolver.NXDOMAIN: retval = [] # empty label (ex: domain..com) except dns.name.EmptyLabel: retval = [] # filter out invalid queries (tld does not exist) dns_attention_string = ''.join( ['your-dns-needs-immediate-attention.', hostname.rstrip('.'), '.']) retval = [s for s in retval if s != dns_attention_string] # strip ending . and filter None retval = [h.strip('.') for h in retval] return filter(lambda x: x, retval) def ptr_record_for(ipaddress): """ Performs reverse DNS lookup on a given IP address. This is a replacement for socket.gethostbyaddr(), but with the following differences: - Returns None instead of throwing exceptions - It is fast: it will not block for 5+ seconds for IPs without PTRs - It is caching: it will be instant nearly all the time >>> ptr_record_for('127.0.0.1') "localhost" >>> ptr_record_for('74.125.224.123') "nuq04s08-in-f27.1e100.net" >>> ptr_record_for('74.125.224.1') None """ if ipaddress == '127.0.0.1': return 'localhost' MISSING = "unknown" retval = None # see if we have it cached: cached_value = _ptr_cache.get(ipaddress) if cached_value: return cached_value if cached_value != MISSING else None try: # get the in_addr.arpa name, like 142.224.125.74.in-addr.arpa. inaddr_arpa_name = dns.reversename.from_address(ipaddress).to_text() # now use ARPA name to query for PTR: hosts = query_dns(inaddr_arpa_name, "PTR") if hosts: retval = hosts[0].strip('.') _ptr_cache[ipaddress] = retval # success: found the PTR record: return retval except: pass # no suitable PTR: _ptr_cache[ipaddress] = MISSING return None def spf_record_for(hostname, bypass_cache=True): """Retrieves SPF record for a given hostname. According to the standard, domain must not have multiple SPF records, so if it's the case then an empty string is returned. """ try: primary_ns = None if bypass_cache: primary_ns = get_primary_nameserver(hostname) txt_records = query_dns(hostname, 'txt', primary_ns) spf_records = [r for r in txt_records if r.strip().startswith('v=spf')] if len(spf_records) == 1: return spf_records[0] except Exception as e: _log.exception(e) return '' def query_dns(hostname, record_type, name_srv=None): """ Runs simple DNS queries, like: >>> query_dns('mailgun.net', 'txt') ['v=spf1 include:_spf.mailgun.org ~all'] """ try: # if nameserver was specified, convert it into IP: name_srv_ip = None if name_srv: ips = query_dns(name_srv, 'A') if ips: name_srv_ip = ips[0] records = _exec_query(hostname, record_type, name_srv_ip) if record_type.lower() == 'txt': return [record.to_text().strip("\"").replace('" "', '') for record in records] else: return [record.to_text() for record in records] # no entry? except ( dns.resolver.NXDOMAIN, dns.resolver.NoAnswer, dns.resolver.NoNameservers): return [] def _exec_query(hostname, record_type, name_srv_ip=None): """ Execute a DNS query against a given name source. """ try: # if nameserver specified then try it first. if name_srv_ip: resolver = _new_resolver(name_srv_ip) try: return resolver.query(hostname, record_type, tcp=True) except dns.exception.Timeout: pass # if it's not specified or timed out then use default nameserver return _get_default_resolver().query(hostname, record_type, tcp=True) except (dns.exception.Timeout, dns.resolver.NoNameservers, socket.error): return [] def _get_default_resolver(): """ Returns DNS resolver instance for the calling thread. """ resolver = getattr(_thread_local, 'resolver', None) if resolver: return resolver _thread_local.resolver = _new_resolver() return _thread_local.resolver def _new_resolver(name_srv_ip=None): resolver = dns.resolver.Resolver() resolver.timeout = _DNS_TIMEOUT_SECONDS resolver.lifetime = _DNS_LIFETIME_TIMEOUT_SECONDS if name_srv_ip: resolver.nameservers = [name_srv_ip] return resolver dnsq-1.3.0/dnsq_test.py000066400000000000000000000123201302436022600150320ustar00rootroot00000000000000import socket import time import dns import dns.resolver import dnsq from mock import Mock, patch from nose.tools import eq_, ok_, assert_raises def test_dns_query(): # note: we're not mocking DNS, i.e. you need to have internet connection to run this # test. perhaps we should change it? answer = dnsq.query_dns('mailgun.net', 'mx') eq_(2, len(answer)) ok_("10 mxa.mailgun.org." in answer) ok_("10 mxb.mailgun.org." in answer) # test TXT concatenation: with patch.object(dns.resolver.Resolver, 'query') as query: query.reset_mock() query.return_value = [Mock()] query.return_value[0].to_text = Mock(return_value="\"Hello\" \"world\"") eq_(['Helloworld'], dnsq.query_dns('mailgun.us', 'txt')) # specify the name server eq_(['Helloworld'], dnsq.query_dns('mailgun.us', 'txt', name_srv='ns1.com')) # socket error query.side_effect = socket.error eq_([], dnsq.query_dns('mailgun.us', 'txt')) # test fallback to default nameserver query.side_effect = dns.exception.Timeout eq_([], dnsq.query_dns('mailgun.us', 'txt', name_srv='ns1.com')) # test errors: with patch.object(dns.resolver.Resolver, 'query') as query: query.side_effect = dns.resolver.NoNameservers() eq_([], dnsq.query_dns('mailgun.net', 'mx')) query.side_effect = dns.resolver.NXDOMAIN() eq_([], dnsq.query_dns('mailgun.net', 'mx')) query.side_effect = dns.resolver.NoAnswer() eq_([], dnsq.query_dns('mailgun.net', 'mx')) def test_mx_lookup(): # query against live DNS server: answer = dnsq.mx_hosts_for('gmail.com')[0] ok_('google.com' in answer) with patch.object(dnsq, '_get_default_resolver') as get_resolver: r = Mock() get_resolver.return_value = r # makes a fake MX reply def fake_mx(name): class FakeEntry(object): @property def preference(self): return 1 @property def exchange(self): class Value(object): def to_text(self): return name return Value() return FakeEntry() # test MX timeout failure: with patch.object(r, 'query', Mock(side_effect=dns.exception.Timeout)): eq_([], dnsq.mx_hosts_for('host.com')) # test querying an invalid domain: with patch.object(r, 'query', Mock(side_effect=dns.resolver.NXDOMAIN())): eq_([], dnsq.mx_hosts_for('invalid-siteeeee.com')) # test querying a domain without MX: with patch.object(r, 'query', Mock(side_effect=dns.resolver.NoAnswer())): eq_(['host.com'], dnsq.mx_hosts_for('host.com')) # test querying a domain with MX: with patch.object(r, 'query') as query_mock: query_mock.return_value = [fake_mx('mx.host.com.'), fake_mx('mx2.host.com.')] eq_(set(['mx.host.com', 'mx2.host.com']), set(dnsq.mx_hosts_for('host.com'))) # test failure: with patch.object(r, 'query', Mock(side_effect=Exception('bam!'))): assert_raises(Exception, dnsq.mx_hosts_for, 'host.com') # test dns failure with patch.object(dnsq, '_exec_query') as exec_query: exec_query.side_effect = dns.exception.Timeout assert_raises(Exception, dnsq.mx_hosts_for, 'host.com') @patch.object(dnsq, 'get_primary_nameserver', Mock(return_value='ns.com')) @patch.object(dnsq, 'query_dns') def test_spf_record_for(dns): # No SPF records dns.return_value = ["blah"] eq_('', dnsq.spf_record_for('host.com')) # Multiple SPF records dns.return_value = ["v=spf1 +all", "blah", "v=spf1 -all"] eq_('', dnsq.spf_record_for('host.com')) # OK - one SPF record dns.return_value = ["blah", "v=spf1 +all", "blahblah"] eq_("v=spf1 +all", dnsq.spf_record_for('host.com')) def test_ptr_record_for(): eq_(dnsq.ptr_record_for('127.0.0.1'), 'localhost') # Ev: this one actually "calls the internet". Which is pretty bad from the maintenance # perspective, but I am not sure how else to reliably cover it: eq_(dnsq.ptr_record_for('50.56.21.178'), socket.gethostbyaddr('50.56.21.178')[0]) # lets test caching: with patch.object(dnsq, 'query_dns') as query_dns: query_dns.return_value = [] eq_(None, dnsq.ptr_record_for('1.1.1.1')) then = time.time() # measure time eq_(None, dnsq.ptr_record_for('1.1.1.1')) eq_(1, query_dns.call_count, "query_dns() should be called only once!" \ "... otherwise the PTR cache is not working!") time_elapsed = (time.time() - then) ok_(time_elapsed < 0.001, "PTR lookup was too slow. The cache is not working?") query_dns.side_effect = Exception('Bam!') eq_(None, dnsq.ptr_record_for('1.1.1.2')) @patch.object(dnsq, 'query_dns') def test_get_primary_nameserver(query_dns): query_dns.side_effect = [[], ['srv1.com.', 'srv2.com.']] eq_('srv1.com', dnsq.get_primary_nameserver('tratata.ololo.com')) dnsq-1.3.0/setup.py000066400000000000000000000006441302436022600141740ustar00rootroot00000000000000from setuptools import setup setup(name='dnsq', version='1.3.0', description='DNS Query Tool', long_description=open("README.rst").read(), author='Rackspace', author_email='admin@mailgunhq.com', license='Apache 2', url='http://www.mailgun.com', py_modules=['dnsq'], zip_safe=True, install_requires=[ 'dnspython>=1.11.1', 'expiringdict>=1.1'])