stow-2.2.0/0000755000076400007640000000000011720005524007514 500000000000000stow-2.2.0/automake/0000755000076400007640000000000011720005524011322 500000000000000stow-2.2.0/automake/install-sh0000775000076400007640000003160011663504777013274 00000000000000#!/bin/sh # install - install a program, script, or datafile scriptversion=2006-10-14.15 # This originates from X11R5 (mit/util/scripts/install.sh), which was # later released in X11R6 (xc/config/util/install.sh) with the # following copyright and license. # # Copyright (C) 1994 X Consortium # # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy # of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to # deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the # rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or # sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is # furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: # # The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in # all copies or substantial portions of the Software. # # THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR # IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. 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Grab either from any GNU archive site." # The file to touch is that specified with -o ... file=`echo "$*" | sed -n "$sed_output"` test -z "$file" && file=`echo "$*" | sed -n "$sed_minuso"` if test -z "$file"; then # ... or it is the one specified with @setfilename ... infile=`echo "$*" | sed 's/.* \([^ ]*\) *$/\1/'` file=`sed -n ' /^@setfilename/{ s/.* \([^ ]*\) *$/\1/ p q }' $infile` # ... or it is derived from the source name (dir/f.texi becomes f.info) test -z "$file" && file=`echo "$infile" | sed 's,.*/,,;s,.[^.]*$,,'`.info fi # If the file does not exist, the user really needs makeinfo; # let's fail without touching anything. test -f $file || exit 1 touch $file ;; tar) shift # We have already tried tar in the generic part. # Look for gnutar/gtar before invocation to avoid ugly error # messages. if (gnutar --version > /dev/null 2>&1); then gnutar "$@" && exit 0 fi if (gtar --version > /dev/null 2>&1); then gtar "$@" && exit 0 fi firstarg="$1" if shift; then case $firstarg in *o*) firstarg=`echo "$firstarg" | sed s/o//` tar "$firstarg" "$@" && exit 0 ;; esac case $firstarg in *h*) firstarg=`echo "$firstarg" | sed s/h//` tar "$firstarg" "$@" && exit 0 ;; esac fi echo 1>&2 "\ WARNING: I can't seem to be able to run \`tar' with the given arguments. You may want to install GNU tar or Free paxutils, or check the command line arguments." exit 1 ;; *) echo 1>&2 "\ WARNING: \`$1' is needed, and is $msg. You might have modified some files without having the proper tools for further handling them. Check the \`README' file, it often tells you about the needed prerequisites for installing this package. You may also peek at any GNU archive site, in case some other package would contain this missing \`$1' program." exit 1 ;; esac exit 0 # Local variables: # eval: (add-hook 'write-file-hooks 'time-stamp) # time-stamp-start: "scriptversion=" # time-stamp-format: "%:y-%02m-%02d.%02H" # time-stamp-end: "$" # End: stow-2.2.0/bin/0000755000076400007640000000000011720005524010264 500000000000000stow-2.2.0/bin/stow.in0000755000076400007640000005774411720005436011556 00000000000000#!@PERL@ # GNU Stow - manage the installation of multiple software packages # Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996 by Bob Glickstein # Copyright (C) 2000, 2001 Guillaume Morin # Copyright (C) 2007 Kahlil Hodgson # Copyright (C) 2011 Adam Spiers # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU # General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program; if not, see . =head1 NAME stow - software package installation manager =head1 SYNOPSIS stow [ options ] package ... =head1 DESCRIPTION This manual page describes GNU Stow @VERSION@, a program for managing the installation of software packages. This is not the definitive documentation for stow; for that, see the info manual. Stow is a tool for managing the installation of multiple software packages in the same run-time directory tree. One historical difficulty of this task has been the need to administer, upgrade, install, and remove files in independent packages without confusing them with other files sharing the same filesystem space. For instance, it is common to install Perl and Emacs in F. When one does so, one winds up (as of Perl 4.036 and Emacs 19.22) with the following files in F: F; F; F; F; F; F; and F. Now suppose it's time to uninstall Perl. Which man pages get removed? Obviously F is one of them, but it should not be the administrator's responsibility to memorize the ownership of individual files by separate packages. The approach used by Stow is to install each package into its own tree, then use symbolic links to make it appear as though the files are installed in the common tree. Administration can be performed in the package's private tree in isolation from clutter from other packages. Stow can then be used to update the symbolic links. The structure of each private tree should reflect the desired structure in the common tree; i.e. (in the typical case) there should be a F directory containing executables, a F directory containing section 1 man pages, and so on. Stow was inspired by Carnegie Mellon's Depot program, but is substantially simpler and safer. Whereas Depot required database files to keep things in sync, Stow stores no extra state between runs, so there's no danger (as there was in Depot) of mangling directories when file hierarchies don't match the database. Also unlike Depot, Stow will never delete any files, directories, or links that appear in a Stow directory (e.g., F), so it's always possible to rebuild the target tree (e.g., F). =head1 TERMINOLOGY A "package" is a related collection of files and directories that you wish to administer as a unit -- e.g., Perl or Emacs -- and that needs to be installed in a particular directory structure -- e.g., with F, F, and F subdirectories. A "target directory" is the root of a tree in which one or more packages wish to B to be installed. A common, but by no means the only such location is F. The examples in this manual page will use F as the target directory. A "stow directory" is the root of a tree containing separate packages in private subtrees. When Stow runs, it uses the current directory as the default stow directory. The examples in this manual page will use F as the stow directory, so that individual packages will be, for example, F and F. An "installation image" is the layout of files and directories required by a package, relative to the target directory. Thus, the installation image for Perl includes: a F directory containing F and F (among others); an F directory containing Texinfo documentation; a F directory containing Perl libraries; and a F directory containing man pages. A "package directory" is the root of a tree containing the installation image for a particular package. Each package directory must reside in a stow directory -- e.g., the package directory F must reside in the stow directory F. The "name" of a package is the name of its directory within the stow directory -- e.g., F. Thus, the Perl executable might reside in F, where F is the target directory, F is the stow directory, F is the package directory, and F within is part of the installation image. A "symlink" is a symbolic link. A symlink can be "relative" or "absolute". An absolute symlink names a full path; that is, one starting from F. A relative symlink names a relative path; that is, one not starting from F. The target of a relative symlink is computed starting from the symlink's own directory. Stow only creates relative symlinks. =head1 OPTIONS The stow directory is assumed to be the value of the C environment variable or if unset the current directory, and the target directory is assumed to be the parent of the current directory (so it is typical to execute F from the directory F). Each F given on the command line is the name of a package in the stow directory (e.g., F). By default, they are installed into the target directory (but they can be deleted instead using C<-D>). =over 4 =item -n =item --no Do not perform any operations that modify the filesystem; merely show what would happen. =item -d DIR =item --dir=DIR Set the stow directory to C instead of the current directory. This also has the effect of making the default target directory be the parent of C. =item -t DIR =item --target=DIR Set the target directory to C instead of the parent of the stow directory. =item -v =item --verbose[=N] Send verbose output to standard error describing what Stow is doing. Verbosity levels are 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4; 0 is the default. Using C<-v> or C<--verbose> increases the verbosity by one; using `--verbose=N' sets it to N. =item -S =item --stow Stow the packages that follow this option into the target directory. This is the default action and so can be omitted if you are only stowing packages rather than performing a mixture of stow/delete/restow actions. =item -D =item --delete Unstow the packages that follow this option from the target directory rather than installing them. =item -R =item --restow Restow packages (first unstow, then stow again). This is useful for pruning obsolete symlinks from the target tree after updating the software in a package. =item --adopt B This behaviour is specifically intended to alter the contents of your stow directory. If you do not want that, this option is not for you. When stowing, if a target is encountered which already exists but is a plain file (and hence not owned by any existing stow package), then normally Stow will register this as a conflict and refuse to proceed. This option changes that behaviour so that the file is moved to the same relative place within the package's installation image within the stow directory, and then stowing proceeds as before. So effectively, the file becomes adopted by the stow package, without its contents changing. =item --no-folding Disable folding of newly stowed directories when stowing, and refolding of newly foldable directories when unstowing. =item --ignore=REGEX Ignore files ending in this Perl regex. =item --defer=REGEX Don't stow files beginning with this Perl regex if the file is already stowed to another package. =item --override=REGEX Force stowing files beginning with this Perl regex if the file is already stowed to another package. =item -V =item --version Show Stow version number, and exit. =item -h =item --help Show Stow command syntax, and exit. =back =head1 INSTALLING PACKAGES The default action of Stow is to install a package. This means creating symlinks in the target tree that point into the package tree. Stow attempts to do this with as few symlinks as possible; in other words, if Stow can create a single symlink that points to an entire subtree within the package tree, it will choose to do that rather than create a directory in the target tree and populate it with symlinks. For example, suppose that no packages have yet been installed in F; it's completely empty (except for the F subdirectory, of course). Now suppose the Perl package is installed. Recall that it includes the following directories in its installation image: F; F; F; F. Rather than creating the directory F and populating it with symlinks to F<../stow/perl/bin/perl> and F<../stow/perl/bin/a2p> (and so on), Stow will create a single symlink, F, which points to F. In this way, it still works to refer to F and F, and fewer symlinks have been created. This is called "tree folding", since an entire subtree is "folded" into a single symlink. To complete this example, Stow will also create the symlink F pointing to F; the symlink F pointing to F; and the symlink F pointing to F. Now suppose that instead of installing the Perl package into an empty target tree, the target tree is not empty to begin with. Instead, it contains several files and directories installed under a different system-administration philosophy. In particular, F already exists and is a directory, as are F and F. In this case, Stow will descend into F and create symlinks to F<../stow/perl/bin/perl> and F<../stow/perl/bin/a2p> (etc.), and it will descend into F and create the tree-folding symlink F pointing to F<../stow/perl/lib/perl>, and so on. As a rule, Stow only descends as far as necessary into the target tree when it can create a tree-folding symlink. The time often comes when a tree-folding symlink has to be undone because another package uses one or more of the folded subdirectories in its installation image. This operation is called "splitting open" a folded tree. It involves removing the original symlink from the target tree, creating a true directory in its place, and then populating the new directory with symlinks to the newly-installed package B to the old package that used the old symlink. For example, suppose that after installing Perl into an empty F, we wish to install Emacs. Emacs's installation image includes a F directory containing the F and F executables, among others. Stow must make these files appear to be installed in F, but presently F is a symlink to F. Stow therefore takes the following steps: the symlink F is deleted; the directory F is created; links are made from F to F<../stow/emacs/bin/emacs> and F<../stow/emacs/bin/etags>; and links are made from F to F<../stow/perl/bin/perl> and F<../stow/perl/bin/a2p>. When splitting open a folded tree, Stow makes sure that the symlink it is about to remove points inside a valid package in the current stow directory. =head2 Stow will never delete anything that it doesn't own. Stow "owns" everything living in the target tree that points into a package in the stow directory. Anything Stow owns, it can recompute if lost. Note that by this definition, Stow doesn't "own" anything B the stow directory or in any of the packages. If Stow needs to create a directory or a symlink in the target tree and it cannot because that name is already in use and is not owned by Stow, then a conflict has arisen. See the "Conflicts" section in the info manual. =head1 DELETING PACKAGES When the C<-D> option is given, the action of Stow is to delete a package from the target tree. Note that Stow will not delete anything it doesn't "own". Deleting a package does B mean removing it from the stow directory or discarding the package tree. To delete a package, Stow recursively scans the target tree, skipping over the stow directory (since that is usually a subdirectory of the target tree) and any other stow directories it encounters (see "Multiple stow directories" in the info manual). Any symlink it finds that points into the package being deleted is removed. Any directory that contained only symlinks to the package being deleted is removed. Any directory that, after removing symlinks and empty subdirectories, contains only symlinks to a single other package, is considered to be a previously "folded" tree that was "split open." Stow will re-fold the tree by removing the symlinks to the surviving package, removing the directory, then linking the directory back to the surviving package. =head1 SEE ALSO The full documentation for F is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the F and F programs are properly installed at your site, the command info stow should give you access to the complete manual. =head1 BUGS Please report bugs in Stow using the Debian bug tracking system. Currently known bugs include: =over 4 =item * The empty-directory problem. If package F includes an empty directory -- say, F -- then if no other package has a F subdirectory, everything's fine. If another stowed package F, has a F subdirectory, then when stowing, F will be "split open" and the contents of F will be individually stowed. So far, so good. But when unstowing F, F will be removed, even though F needs it to remain. A workaround for this problem is to create a file in F as a placeholder. If you name that file F<.placeholder>, it will be easy to find and remove such files when this bug is fixed. =item * When using multiple stow directories (see "Multiple stow directories" in the info manual), Stow fails to "split open" tree-folding symlinks (see "Installing packages" in the info manual) that point into a stow directory which is not the one in use by the current Stow command. Before failing, it should search the target of the link to see whether any element of the path contains a F<.stow> file. If it finds one, it can "learn" about the cooperating stow directory to short-circuit the F<.stow> search the next time it encounters a tree-folding symlink. =back =head1 AUTHOR This man page was originally constructed by Charles Briscoe-Smith from parts of Stow's info manual, and then converted to POD format by Adam Spiers. The info manual contains the following notice, which, as it says, applies to this manual page, too. The text of the section entitled "GNU General Public License" can be found in the file F on any Debian GNU/Linux system. If you don't have access to a Debian system, or the GPL is not there, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA, 02111-1307, USA. =head1 COPYRIGHT Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996 by Bob Glickstein ; 2000, 2001 by Guillaume Morin; 2007 by Kahlil Hodgson; 2011 by Adam Spiers; and others. Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies. Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that the section entitled "GNU General Public License" is included with the modified manual, and provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one. Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved by the Free Software Foundation. =cut use strict; use warnings; require 5.6.1; use POSIX qw(getcwd); use Getopt::Long; @USE_LIB_PMDIR@ use Stow; use Stow::Util qw(parent); my $ProgramName = $0; $ProgramName =~ s{.*/}{}; main() unless caller(); sub main { my ($options, $pkgs_to_unstow, $pkgs_to_stow) = process_options(); my $stow = new Stow(%$options); # current dir is now the target directory $stow->plan_unstow(@$pkgs_to_unstow); $stow->plan_stow (@$pkgs_to_stow); my %conflicts = $stow->get_conflicts; if (%conflicts) { foreach my $action ('unstow', 'stow') { next unless $conflicts{$action}; foreach my $package (sort keys %{ $conflicts{$action} }) { warn "WARNING! ${action}ing $package would cause conflicts:\n"; #if $stow->get_action_count > 1; foreach my $message (sort @{ $conflicts{$action}{$package} }) { warn " * $message\n"; } } } warn "All operations aborted.\n"; exit 1; } else { if ($options->{simulate}) { warn "WARNING: in simulation mode so not modifying filesystem.\n"; return; } $stow->process_tasks(); } } #===== SUBROUTINE =========================================================== # Name : process_options() # Purpose : parse command line options # Parameters: none # Returns : (\%options, \@pkgs_to_unstow, \@pkgs_to_stow) # Throws : a fatal error if a bad command line option is given # Comments : checks @ARGV for valid package names #============================================================================ sub process_options { my %options = (); my @pkgs_to_unstow = (); my @pkgs_to_stow = (); my $action = 'stow'; unshift @ARGV, get_config_file_options(); #$,="\n"; print @ARGV,"\n"; # for debugging rc file Getopt::Long::config('no_ignore_case', 'bundling', 'permute'); GetOptions( \%options, 'verbose|v:+', 'help|h', 'simulate|n|no', 'version|V', 'compat|p', 'dir|d=s', 'target|t=s', 'adopt', 'no-folding', # clean and pre-compile any regex's at parse time 'ignore=s' => sub { my $regex = $_[1]; push @{$options{ignore}}, qr($regex\z); }, 'override=s' => sub { my $regex = $_[1]; push @{$options{override}}, qr(\A$regex); }, 'defer=s' => sub { my $regex = $_[1]; push @{$options{defer}}, qr(\A$regex); }, # a little craziness so we can do different actions on the same line: # a -D, -S, or -R changes the action that will be performed on the # package arguments that follow it. 'D|delete' => sub { $action = 'unstow' }, 'S|stow' => sub { $action = 'stow' }, 'R|restow' => sub { $action = 'restow' }, # Handler for non-option arguments '<>' => sub { if ($action eq 'restow') { push @pkgs_to_unstow, $_[0]; push @pkgs_to_stow, $_[0]; } elsif ($action eq 'unstow') { push @pkgs_to_unstow, $_[0]; } else { push @pkgs_to_stow, $_[0]; } }, ) or usage(); usage() if $options{help}; version() if $options{version}; sanitize_path_options(\%options); check_packages(\@pkgs_to_unstow, \@pkgs_to_stow); return (\%options, \@pkgs_to_unstow, \@pkgs_to_stow); } sub sanitize_path_options { my ($options) = @_; if (exists $options->{dir}) { $options->{dir} =~ s/\A +//; $options->{dir} =~ s/ +\z//; } else { $options->{dir} = exists $ENV{STOW_DIR} ? $ENV{STOW_DIR} : getcwd(); } if (exists $options->{target}) { $options->{target} =~ s/\A +//; $options->{target} =~ s/ +\z//; } else { $options->{target} = parent($options->{dir}) || '.'; } } sub check_packages { my ($pkgs_to_stow, $pkgs_to_unstow) = @_; if (not @$pkgs_to_stow and not @$pkgs_to_unstow) { usage("No packages to stow or unstow"); } # check package arguments for my $package (@$pkgs_to_stow, @$pkgs_to_unstow) { $package =~ s{/+$}{}; # delete trailing slashes if ($package =~ m{/}) { error("Slashes are not permitted in package names"); } } } #===== SUBROUTINE ============================================================ # Name : get_config_file_options() # Purpose : search for default settings in any .stowrc files # Parameters: none # Returns : a list of default options # Throws : no exceptions # Comments : prepends the contents of '~/.stowrc' and '.stowrc' to the command # : line so they get parsed just like normal arguments. (This was # : hacked in so that Emil and I could set different preferences). #============================================================================= sub get_config_file_options { my @defaults = (); for my $file ("$ENV{HOME}/.stowrc", '.stowrc') { if (-r $file) { warn "Loading defaults from $file\n"; open my $FILE, '<', $file or die "Could not open $file for reading\n"; while (my $line = <$FILE>){ chomp $line; push @defaults, split " ", $line; } close $FILE or die "Could not close open file: $file\n"; } } return @defaults; } #===== SUBROUTINE =========================================================== # Name : usage() # Purpose : print program usage message and exit # Parameters: $msg => string to prepend to the usage message # Returns : n/a # Throws : n/a # Comments : if 'msg' is given, then exit with non-zero status #============================================================================ sub usage { my ($msg) = @_; if ($msg) { print "$ProgramName: $msg\n\n"; } print <<"EOT"; $ProgramName (GNU Stow) version $Stow::VERSION SYNOPSIS: $ProgramName [OPTION ...] [-D|-S|-R] PACKAGE ... [-D|-S|-R] PACKAGE ... OPTIONS: -d DIR, --dir=DIR Set stow dir to DIR (default is current dir) -t DIR, --target=DIR Set target to DIR (default is parent of stow dir) -S, --stow Stow the package names that follow this option -D, --delete Unstow the package names that follow this option -R, --restow Restow (like stow -D followed by stow -S) --ignore=REGEX Ignore files ending in this Perl regex --defer=REGEX Don't stow files beginning with this Perl regex if the file is already stowed to another package --override=REGEX Force stowing files beginning with this Perl regex if the file is already stowed to another package --adopt (Use with care!) Import existing files into stow package from target. Please read docs before using. -p, --compat Use legacy algorithm for unstowing -n, --no, --simulate Do not actually make any filesystem changes -v, --verbose[=N] Increase verbosity (levels are 0,1,2,3; -v or --verbose adds 1; --verbose=N sets level) -V, --version Show stow version number -h, --help Show this help Report bugs to: bug-stow\@gnu.org Stow home page: General help using GNU software: EOT exit defined $msg ? 1 : 0; } sub version { print "$ProgramName (GNU Stow) version $Stow::VERSION\n"; exit 0; } 1; # This file is required by t/stow.t # Local variables: # mode: perl # cperl-indent-level: 4 # end: # vim: ft=perl stow-2.2.0/bin/chkstow.in0000775000076400007640000000441211664212461012233 00000000000000#!@PERL@ use strict; use warnings; require 5.6.1; use File::Find; use Getopt::Long; my $DEFAULT_TARGET = '/usr/local/'; our $Wanted = \&bad_links; our %Package = (); our $Stow_dir = ''; our $Target = $DEFAULT_TARGET; # put the main loop into a block so that tests can load this as a module if ( not caller() ) { if (@ARGV == 0) { usage(); } process_options(); #check_stow($Target, $Wanted); check_stow(); } sub process_options { GetOptions( 'b|badlinks' => sub { $Wanted = \&bad_links }, 'a|aliens' => sub { $Wanted = \&aliens }, 'l|list' => sub { $Wanted = \&list }, 't|target=s' => \$Target, ) or usage(); return; } sub usage { print <<"EOT"; USAGE: chkstow [options] Options: -t DIR, --target=DIR Set the target directory to DIR (default is $DEFAULT_TARGET) -b, --badlinks Report symlinks that point to non-existent files -a, --aliens Report non-symlinks in the target directory -l, --list List packages in the target directory --badlinks is the default mode. EOT exit(0); } sub check_stow { #my ($Target, $Wanted) = @_; my (%options) = ( wanted => $Wanted, preprocess => \&skip_dirs, ); find(\%options, $Target); if ($Wanted == \&list) { delete $Package{''}; delete $Package{'..'}; if (keys %Package) { print map "$_\n", sort(keys %Package); } } return; } sub skip_dirs { # skip stow source and unstowed targets if (-e ".stow" || -e ".notstowed" ) { warn "skipping $File::Find::dir\n"; return (); } else { return @_; } } # checking for files that do not link to anything sub bad_links { -l && !-e && print "Bogus link: $File::Find::name\n"; } # checking for files that are not owned by stow sub aliens { !-l && !-d && print "Unstowed file: $File::Find::name\n"; } # just list the packages in the the target directory # FIXME: what if the stow dir is not called 'stow'? sub list { if (-l) { $_ = readlink; s{\A(?:\.\./)+stow/}{}g; s{/.*}{}g; $Package{$_} = 1; } } 1; # Hey, it's a module! # Local variables: # mode: perl # cperl-indent-level: 4 # End: # vim: 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[Top] [Contents] [Index] [ ? ]

Stow

This manual describes GNU Stow 2.2.0 (18 February 2012), a program for managing the installation of software packages.

1. Introduction   Description of Stow.
2. Terminology   Terms used by this manual.
3. Invoking Stow   Option summary.
4. Ignore Lists   Controlling what gets stowed.
5. Installing Packages   Using Stow to install.
6. Deleting Packages   Using Stow to uninstall.
7. Conflicts   When Stow can’t stow.
8. Mixing Operations   Multiple actions per invocation.
9. Multiple Stow Directories   Further segregating software.
10. Target Maintenance   Cleaning up mistakes.
11. Resource Files   Setting default command line options.
12. Compile-time vs Install-time   Faking out ‘make install’.
13. Bootstrapping   When stow and perl are not yet stowed.
14. Reporting Bugs   How, what, where, and when to report.
15. Known Bugs   Don’t report any of these.
GNU General Public License   Copying terms.
Index   Index of concepts. 
 — The Detailed Node Listing —

Ignore Lists
4.1 Motivation For Ignore Lists  
4.2 Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists  
4.3 Justification For Yet Another Set Of Ignore Files   
Advice on changing compilation and installation parameters
12.2 GNU Emacs  
12.3 Other FSF Software  
12.4 Cygnus Software  
12.5 Perl and Perl 5 Modules   








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1. Introduction



Stow is a tool for managing the installation of multiple software
packages in the same run-time directory tree.  One historical difficulty
of this task has been the need to administer, upgrade, install, and
remove files in independent packages without confusing them with other
files sharing the same file system space.  For instance, it is common to
install Perl and Emacs in ‘/usr/local’.  When one does so, one
winds up with the following files(1) in ‘/usr/local/man/man1’:



 
a2p.1
ctags.1
emacs.1
etags.1
h2ph.1
perl.1
s2p.1




Now suppose it’s time to uninstall Perl.  Which man pages
get removed?  Obviously ‘perl.1’ is one of them, but it should not
be the administrator’s responsibility to memorize the ownership of
individual files by separate packages.



The approach used by Stow is to install each package into its own
tree, then use symbolic links to make it appear as though the files are
installed in the common tree.  Administration can be performed in the
package’s private tree in isolation from clutter from other packages.
Stow can then be used to update the symbolic links.  The structure
of each private tree should reflect the desired structure in the common
tree; i.e. (in the typical case) there should be a ‘bin’ directory
containing executables, a ‘man/man1’ directory containing section 1
man pages, and so on.



Stow was inspired by Carnegie Mellon’s Depot program, but is
substantially simpler and safer.  Whereas Depot required database files
to keep things in sync, Stow stores no extra state between runs, so
there’s no danger (as there was in Depot) of mangling directories when
file hierarchies don’t match the database.  Also unlike Depot, Stow will
never delete any files, directories, or links that appear in a Stow
directory (e.g., ‘/usr/local/stow/emacs’), so it’s always possible
to rebuild the target tree (e.g., ‘/usr/local’).



For information about the latest version of Stow, you can refer to
http://www.gnu.org/software/stow/.









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2. Terminology




A package is a related collection of files and directories that
you wish to administer as a unit — e.g., Perl or Emacs — and that needs
to be installed in a particular directory structure — e.g., with
‘bin’, ‘lib’, and ‘man’ subdirectories.




A target directory is the root of a tree in which one or more
packages wish to appear to be installed.  A common, but by no
means the only such location is ‘/usr/local’.  The examples in this
manual will use ‘/usr/local’ as the target directory.




A stow directory is the root of a tree containing separate
packages in private subtrees.  When Stow runs, it uses the current
directory as the default stow directory.  The examples in this manual
will use ‘/usr/local/stow’ as the stow directory, so that
individual packages will be, for example, ‘/usr/local/stow/perl’
and ‘/usr/local/stow/emacs’.




An installation image is the layout of files and directories
required by a package, relative to the target directory.  Thus, the
installation image for Perl includes: a ‘bin’ directory containing
‘perl’ and ‘a2p’ (among others); an ‘info’ directory
containing Texinfo documentation; a ‘lib/perl’ directory containing
Perl libraries; and a ‘man/man1’ directory containing man pages.





A package directory is the root of a tree containing the
installation image for a particular package.  Each package directory
must reside in a stow directory — e.g., the package directory
‘/usr/local/stow/perl’ must reside in the stow directory
‘/usr/local/stow’.  The name of a package is the name of its
directory within the stow directory — e.g., ‘perl’.



Thus, the Perl executable might reside in
‘/usr/local/stow/perl/bin/perl’, where ‘/usr/local’ is the
target directory, ‘/usr/local/stow’ is the stow directory,
‘/usr/local/stow/perl’ is the package directory, and
‘bin/perl’ within is part of the installation image.






A symlink is a symbolic link.  A symlink can be relative or
absolute.  An absolute symlink names a full path; that is, one
starting from ‘/’.  A relative symlink names a relative path; that
is, one not starting from ‘/’.  The target of a relative symlink is
computed starting from the symlink’s own directory.  Stow only
creates relative symlinks.








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3. Invoking Stow



The syntax of the stow command is:



 
stow [options] [action flag] package …




Each package is the name of a package (e.g., ‘perl’) in the stow
directory that we wish to install into (or delete from) the target directory.
The default action is to install the given packages, although alternate actions
may be specified by preceding the package name(s) with an action flag.



The following options are supported:





 ‘-d dir’


 ‘--dir=dir’


Set the stow directory to dir.  Defaults to the value of the environment
variable STOW_DIR if set, or the current directory otherwise.





 ‘-t dir’


 ‘--target=dir’


Set the target directory to dir instead of the parent of the stow
directory.  Defaults to the parent of the stow directory, so it is typical to
execute stow from the directory ‘/usr/local/stow’.





 ‘--ignore=regexp’


This (repeatable) option lets you suppress acting on files that match the
given perl regular expression.  For example, using the options



 
--ignore='*.orig' --ignore='*.dist'




will cause stow to ignore files ending in ‘.orig’ or ‘.dist’.



Note that the regular expression is anchored to the end of the filename,
because this is what you will want to do most of the time.



Also note that by default Stow automatically ignores a “sensible”
built-in list of files and directories such as ‘CVS’, editor
backup files, and so on.  See section Ignore Lists, for more details.





 ‘--defer=regexp’


This (repeatable) option avoids stowing a file matching the given
regular expression, if that file is already stowed by another package.
This is effectively the opposite of ‘--override’.



(N.B. the name ‘--defer’ was chosen in the sense that the package
currently being stowed is treated with lower precedence than any
already installed package, not in the sense that the operation is
being postponed to be run at a later point in time; do not confuse
this nomenclature with the wording used in Deferred Operation.)



For example, the following options



 
--defer=man --defer=info




will cause stow to skip over pre-existing man and info pages.



Equivalently, you could use ‘--defer='man|info'’ since the
argument is just a Perl regex.



Note that the regular expression is anchored to the beginning of the path
relative to the target directory, because this is what you will want to do most
of the time.





 ‘--override=regexp’


This (repeatable) option forces any file matching the regular expression to be
stowed, even if the file is already stowed to another package. For example,
the following options



 
--override=man --override=info




will permit stow to overwrite links that point to pre-existing man and info
pages that are owned by stow and would otherwise cause a conflict.



The regular expression is anchored to the beginning of the path relative to
the target directory, because this is what you will want to do most of the time.





 ‘--no-folding’




This disables any further tree folding or tree refolding.
If a new subdirectory is encountered whilst stowing a new package, the
subdirectory is created within the target, and its contents are
symlinked, rather than just creating a symlink for the directory.  If
removal of symlinks whilst unstowing a package causes a subtree to be
foldable (i.e. only containing symlinks to a single package), that
subtree will not be removed and replaced with a symlink.






 ‘--adopt’


Warning! This behaviour is specifically intended to alter the
contents of your stow directory.  If you do not want that, this option
is not for you.



When stowing, if a target is encountered which already exists but is a
plain file (and hence not owned by any existing stow package), then
normally Stow will register this as a conflict and refuse to proceed.
This option changes that behaviour so that the file is moved to the
same relative place within the package’s installation image within the
stow directory, and then stowing proceeds as before.  So effectively,
the file becomes adopted by the stow package, without its contents
changing.



This is particularly useful when the stow package is under the control
of a version control system, because it allows files in the target
tree, with potentially different contents to the equivalent versions
in the stow package’s installation image, to be adopted into the
package, then compared by running something like ‘git diff ...’
inside the stow package, and finally either kept (e.g. via ‘git
commit ...’) or discarded (‘git checkout HEAD ...’).







 ‘-n’


 ‘--no’


 ‘--simulate’


Do not perform any operations that modify the file system; in combination with
‘-v’ can be used to merely show what would happen.






 ‘-v’


 ‘--verbose[=n]’


Send verbose output to standard error describing what Stow is
doing.  Verbosity levels are 0, 1, 2, and 3; 0 is the default.  Using
‘-v’ or ‘--verbose’ increases the verbosity by one; using
‘--verbose=n’ sets it to n.





 ‘-p’


 ‘--compat’


Scan the whole target tree when unstowing.  By default, only
directories specified in the installation image are scanned
during an unstow operation.  Scanning the whole tree can be
prohibitive if your target tree is very large.  This option restores
the legacy behaviour; however, the ‘--badlinks’ option to the
chkstow utility may be a better way of ensuring that your
installation does not have any dangling symlinks (see section Target Maintenance).





 ‘-V’


 ‘--version’


Show Stow version number, and exit.





 ‘-h’


 ‘--help’


Show Stow command syntax, and exit.






The following action flags are supported:





 ‘-D’


 ‘--delete’


Delete (unstow) the package name(s) that follow this option from the target
directory. This option may be repeated any number of times.





 ‘-R’


 ‘--restow’


Restow (first unstow, then stow again) the package names that follow this
option.  This is useful for pruning obsolete symlinks from the target tree
after updating the software in a package. This option may be repeated any
number of times.





 ‘-S’


 ‘--stow’


explictly stow the package name(s) that follow this option.  May be
omitted if you are not using the ‘-D’ or ‘-R’ options in the
same invocation.  See section Mixing Operations, for details of when you
might like to use this feature. This option may be repeated any number
of times.












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4. Ignore Lists








4.1 Motivation For Ignore Lists    



4.2 Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists    



4.3 Justification For Yet Another Set Of Ignore Files    











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4.1 Motivation For Ignore Lists



In many situations, there will exist files under the package
directories which it would be undesirable to stow into the target
directory.  For example, files related version control such as
‘.gitignore’, ‘CVS’, ‘*,v’ (RCS files) should typically
not have symlinks from the target tree pointing to them.  Also there
may be files or directories relating to the build of the package which
are not needed at run-time.



In these cases, it can be rather cumbersome to specify a
‘--ignore’ parameter for each file or directory to be ignored.
This could be worked around by ensuring the existence of
‘~/.stowrc’ containing multiple ‘--ignore’ lines, or if a
different set of files/directories should be ignored depending on
which stow package is involved, a ‘.stowrc’ file for each stow
package, but this would require the user to ensure that they were in
the correct directory before invoking stow, which would be tedious and
error-prone.  Furthermore, since Stow shifts parameters from
‘.stowrc’ onto ARGV at run-time, it could clutter up the process
table with excessively long parameter lists, or even worse, exceed the
operating system’s limit for process arguments.




Therefore in addition to ‘--ignore’ parameters, Stow provides a
way to specify lists of files and directories to ignore.








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4.2 Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists



If you put Perl regular expressions, one per line, in a
‘.stow-local-ignore’ file within any top level package directory,
in which case any file or directory within that package matching any
of these regular expressions will be ignored.  In the absence of this
package-specific ignore list, Stow will instead use the contents of
‘~/.stow-global-ignore’, if it exists.  If neither the
package-local or global ignore list exist, Stow will use its own
built-in default ignore list, which serves as a useful example of the
format of these ignore list files:



 
# Comments and blank lines are allowed.

RCS
.+,v

CVS
\.\#.+       # CVS conflict files / emacs lock files
\.cvsignore

\.svn
_darcs
\.hg

\.git
\.gitignore

.+~          # emacs backup files
\#.*\#       # emacs autosave files




Stow first iterates through the chosen ignore list (built-in, global,
or package-local) as per above, stripping out comments (if you want to
include the ‘#’ symbol in a regular expression, escape it with a
blackslash) and blank lines, placing each regular expressions into one
of two sets depending on whether it contains the ‘/’ forward
slash symbol.



Then in order to determine whether a file or directory should be
ignored:



    

  1. 
Stow calculates its path relative to the top-level package directory,
prefixing that with ‘/’.  If any of the regular expressions
containing a ‘/’ exactly(2) match
a subpath(3) of this relative path, then the file or
directory will be ignored.


  2. 
If none of the regular expressions containing a ‘/’ match in the
manner described above, Stow checks whether the
basename(4) of the file or directory matches
exactly against the remaining regular expressions which do not
contain a ‘/’, and if so, ignores the file or directory.


  3. 
Otherwise, the file or directory is not ignored.





For example, if a file ‘bazqux’ is in the ‘foo/bar’
subdirectory of the package directory, Stow would use
‘/foo/bar/bazqux’ as the text for matching against regular
expressions which contain ‘/’, and ‘bazqux’ as the text for
matching against regular expressions which don’t contain ‘/’.
Then regular expressions ‘bazqux’, ‘baz.*’, ‘.*qux’,
‘bar/.*x’, and ‘^/foo/.*qux’ would all match (causing the
file to be ignored), whereas ‘bar’, ‘baz’, ‘qux’, and
‘o/bar/b’ would not (although ‘bar’ would cause its parent
directory to be ignored and prevent Stow from recursing into that
anyway, in which case the file ‘bazqux’ would not even be
considered for stowing).



As a special exception to the above algorithm, any
‘.stow-local-ignore’ present in the top-level package directory
is always ignored, regardless of the contents of any ignore
list, because this file serves no purpose outside the stow directory.








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4.3 Justification For Yet Another Set Of Ignore Files



The reader may note that this format is very similar to existing
ignore list file formats, such as those for cvs, git,
rsync etc., and wonder if another set of ignore lists is
justified.  However there are good reasons why Stow does not simply
check for the presence of say, ‘.cvsignore’, and use that if it
exists.  Firstly, there is no guarantee that a stow package would
contain any version control meta-data, or permit introducing this if
it didn’t already exist.  



Secondly even if it did, version control system ignore lists generally
reflect build-time ignores rather than install-time, and
there may be some intermediate or temporary files on those ignore
lists generated during development or at build-time which it would be
inappropriate to stow, even though many files generated at build-time
(binaries, libraries, documentation etc.) certainly do need to be
stowed.  Similarly, if a file is not in the version control
system’s ignore list, there is no way of knowing whether the file is
intended for end use, let alone whether the version control system is
tracking it or not.



Therefore it seems clear that ignore lists provided by version control
systems do not provide sufficient information for Stow to determine
which files and directories to stow, and so it makes sense for Stow to
support independent ignore lists.








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5. Installing Packages




The default action of Stow is to install a package.  This means creating
symlinks in the target tree that point into the package tree.  Stow
attempts to do this with as few symlinks as possible; in other words, if
Stow can create a single symlink that points to an entire subtree within
the package tree, it will choose to do that rather than create a
directory in the target tree and populate it with symlinks.










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5.1 Tree folding





For example, suppose that no packages have yet been installed in
‘/usr/local’; it’s completely empty (except for the ‘stow’
subdirectory, of course).  Now suppose the Perl package is installed.
Recall that it includes the following directories in its installation
image:  ‘bin’; ‘info’; ‘lib/perl’; ‘man/man1’.
Rather than creating the directory ‘/usr/local/bin’ and populating
it with symlinks to ‘../stow/perl/bin/perl’ and
‘../stow/perl/bin/a2p’ (and so on), Stow will create a
single symlink, ‘/usr/local/bin’, which points to
‘stow/perl/bin’.  In this way, it still works to refer to
‘/usr/local/bin/perl’ and ‘/usr/local/bin/a2p’, and fewer
symlinks have been created.  This is called tree folding, since an
entire subtree is “folded” into a single symlink.



To complete this example, Stow will also create the symlink
‘/usr/local/info’ pointing to ‘stow/perl/info’; the symlink
‘/usr/local/lib’ pointing to ‘stow/perl/lib’; and the symlink
‘/usr/local/man’ pointing to ‘stow/perl/man’.



Now suppose that instead of installing the Perl package into an empty
target tree, the target tree is not empty to begin with.  Instead, it
contains several files and directories installed under a different
system-administration philosophy.  In particular, ‘/usr/local/bin’
already exists and is a directory, as are ‘/usr/local/lib’ and
‘/usr/local/man/man1’.  In this case, Stow will descend into
‘/usr/local/bin’ and create symlinks to
‘../stow/perl/bin/perl’ and ‘../stow/perl/bin/a2p’ (etc.),
and it will descend into ‘/usr/local/lib’ and create the
tree-folding symlink ‘perl’ pointing to
‘../stow/perl/lib/perl’, and so on.  As a rule, Stow only
descends as far as necessary into the target tree when it can create a
tree-folding symlink.  However, this behaviour can be changed via
the ‘--no-folding’ option; see section Invoking Stow.










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5.2 Tree unfolding






The time often comes when a tree-folding symlink has to be undone
because another package uses one or more of the folded subdirectories in
its installation image.  This operation is called splitting open or
unfolding a folded tree.  It involves removing the original symlink from
the target tree, creating a true directory in its place, and then populating the
new directory with symlinks to the newly-installed package and to
the old package that used the old symlink.  For example, suppose that
after installing Perl into an empty ‘/usr/local’, we wish to
install Emacs.  Emacs’s installation image includes a ‘bin’
directory containing the ‘emacs’ and ‘etags’ executables,
among others.  Stow must make these files appear to be installed
in ‘/usr/local/bin’, but presently ‘/usr/local/bin’ is a
symlink to ‘stow/perl/bin’.  Stow therefore takes the
following steps:  the symlink ‘/usr/local/bin’ is deleted; the
directory ‘/usr/local/bin’ is created; links are made from
‘/usr/local/bin’ to ‘../stow/emacs/bin/emacs’ and
‘../stow/emacs/bin/etags’; and links are made from
‘/usr/local/bin’ to ‘../stow/perl/bin/perl’ and
‘../stow/perl/bin/a2p’.








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5.3 Ownership



When splitting open a folded tree, Stow makes sure that the
symlink it is about to remove points inside a valid package in the
current stow directory.  Stow will never delete anything
that it doesn’t own.  Stow “owns” everything living in the
target tree that points into a package in the stow directory.  Anything
Stow owns, it can recompute if lost: symlinks that point into a package in
the stow directory, or directories that only contain symlinks that stow
“owns”.   Note that by this definition, Stow doesn’t “own” anything
in the stow directory or in any of the packages.








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5.4 Conflicts during installation




If Stow needs to create a directory or a symlink in the target
tree and it cannot because that name is already in use and is not owned
by Stow, then a conflict has arisen.  See section Conflicts.









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6. Deleting Packages




When the ‘-D’ option is given, the action of Stow is to
delete a package from the target tree.  Note that Stow will not
delete anything it doesn’t “own”.  Deleting a package does not
mean removing it from the stow directory or discarding the package
tree.



To delete a package, Stow recursively scans the target tree, skipping over any
directory that is not included in the installation image.(5)
For example, if the target directory is ‘/usr/local’ and the
installation image for the package being deleted has only a ‘bin’
directory and a ‘man’ directory at the top level, then we only scan
‘/usr/local/bin’ and  ‘/usr/local/bin/man’, and not
‘/usr/local/lib’ or ‘/usr/local/share’, or for that matter
‘/usr/local/stow’.  Any symlink it finds that points into the package
being deleted is removed.  Any directory that contained only symlinks to the
package being deleted is removed.










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6.1 Refolding “foldable” trees.





After removing symlinks and empty subdirectories, any directory that
contains only symlinks to a single other package is considered to be a
previously “folded” tree that was “split open.”  Stow will refold
the tree by removing the symlinks to the surviving package, removing
the directory, then linking the directory back to the surviving
package.  However, this behaviour can be prevented via the
‘--no-folding’ option; see section Invoking Stow.








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7. Conflicts



If, during installation, a file or symlink exists in the target tree and
has the same name as something Stow needs to create, and if the
existing name is not a folded tree that can be split open, then a
conflict has arisen.  A conflict also occurs if a directory exists
where Stow needs to place a symlink to a non-directory.  On the
other hand, if the existing name is merely a symlink that already points
where Stow needs it to, then no conflict has occurred.  (Thus it
is harmless to install a package that has already been installed.)



For complex packages, scanning the stow and target trees in tandem,
and deciding whether to make directories or links, split-open or fold
directories, can actually take a long time (a number of seconds).
Moreover, an accurate analysis of potential conflicts requires us to
take into account all of these operations.










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7.1 Deferred Operation



Since version 2.0, Stow now adopts a two-phase algorithm, first
scanning for any potential conflicts before any stowing or unstowing
operations are performed.  If any conflicts are found, they are
displayed and then Stow terminates without making any modifications to
the filesystem.  This means that there is much less risk of a package
being partially stowed or unstowed due to conflicts.



Prior to version 2.0, if a conflict was discovered, the stow or unstow
operation could be aborted mid-flow, leaving the target tree in an
inconsistent state.








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8. Mixing Operations



Since version 2.0, multiple distinct actions can be specified in a single
invocation of GNU Stow.  For example, to update an installation of Emacs from
version 21.3 to 21.4a you can now do the following:



 
stow -D emacs-21.3 -S emacs-21.4a




which will replace emacs-21.3 with emacs-21.4a using a single invocation.



This is much faster and cleaner than performing two separate
invocations of stow, because redundant folding/unfolding operations
can be factored out.  In addition, all the operations are calculated
and merged before being executed (see Deferred Operation), so the
amount of of time in which GNU Emacs is unavailable is minimised.



You can mix and match any number of actions, for example,



 
stow -S pkg1 pkg2 -D pkg3 pkg4 -S pkg5 -R pkg6




will unstow pkg3, pkg4 and pkg6, then stow pkg1, pkg2, pkg5 and pkg6.








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9. Multiple Stow Directories



If there are two or more system administrators who wish to maintain
software separately, or if there is any other reason to want two or more
stow directories, it can be done by creating a file named ‘.stow’
in each stow directory.  The presence of ‘/usr/local/foo/.stow’
informs Stow that, though ‘foo’ is not the current stow
directory, even if it is a subdirectory of the target directory,
nevertheless it is a stow directory and as such Stow
doesn’t “own” anything in it (see section Installing Packages).  This will
protect the contents of ‘foo’ from a ‘stow -D’, for instance.




When multiple stow directories share a target tree, if a tree-folding
symlink is encountered and needs to be split open during an
installation, as long as the top-level stow directory into which the
existing symlink points contains ‘.stow’, Stow knows how to split
open the tree in the correct manner.








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10. Target Maintenance



From time to time you will need to clean up your target tree.  Since
version 2, Stow provides a new utility chkstow to help with
this.  It includes three operational modes which performs checks that
would generally be too expensive to be performed during normal stow
execution.



The syntax of the chkstow command is:



 
chkstow [options]




The following options are supported:





 ‘-t dir’


 ‘--target=dir’


Set the target directory to dir instead of the parent of the stow
directory.  Defaults to the parent of the stow directory, so it is typical to
execute stow from the directory ‘/usr/local/stow’.





 ‘-b’


 ‘--badlinks’


Checks target directory for bogus symbolic links. That is, links that point to
non-existent files.





 ‘-a’


 ‘--aliens’


Checks for files in the target directory that are not symbolic links. The
target directory should be managed by stow alone, except for directories that
contain a ‘.stow’ file.





 ‘-l’


 ‘--list’


Will display the target package for every symbolic link in the stow target
directory.













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11. Resource Files



Default command line options may be set in ‘.stowrc’ (current directory) or
‘~/.stowrc’ (home directory). These are parsed in that order, and effectively
prepended to you command line.  This feature can be used for some interesting
effects.



For example, suppose your site uses more than one stow directory, perhaps in
order to share around responsibilities with a number of systems
administrators. One of the administrators might have the following in there
‘~/.stowrc’ file:



 
--dir=/usr/local/stow2
--target=/usr/local
--ignore='~'
--ignore='^CVS'




so that the stow command will default to operating on the
‘/usr/local/stow2’ directory, with ‘/usr/local’ as the
target, and ignoring vi backup files and CVS directories.



If you had a stow directory ‘/usr/local/stow/perl-extras’ that
was only used for Perl modules, then you might place the following in
‘/usr/local/stow/perl-extras/.stowrc’:



 
--dir=/usr/local/stow/perl-extras
--target=/usr/local
--override=bin
--override=man
--ignore='perllocal\.pod'
--ignore='\.packlist'
--ignore='\.bs'




so that the when your are in the ‘/usr/local/stow/perl-extras’
directory, stow will regard any subdirectories as stow
packages, with ‘/usr/local’ as the target (rather than the
immediate parent directory ‘/usr/local/stow’), overriding any
pre-existing links to bin files or man pages, and ignoring some cruft
that gets installed by default.









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12. Compile-time vs Install-time



Software whose installation is managed with Stow needs to be installed
in one place (the package directory, e.g. ‘/usr/local/stow/perl’)
but needs to appear to run in another place (the target tree, e.g.,
‘/usr/local’).  Why is this important?  What’s wrong with Perl, for
instance, looking for its files in ‘/usr/local/stow/perl’ instead
of in ‘/usr/local’?



The answer is that there may be another package, e.g.,
‘/usr/local/stow/perl-extras’, stowed under ‘/usr/local’.  If
Perl is configured to find its files in ‘/usr/local/stow/perl’, it
will never find the extra files in the ‘perl-extras’ package, even
though they’re intended to be found by Perl.  On the other hand, if Perl
looks for its files in ‘/usr/local’, then it will find the
intermingled Perl and ‘perl-extras’ files.



This means that when you compile a package, you must tell it the
location of the run-time, or target tree; but when you install it, you
must place it in the stow tree.








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12.1 Advice on changing compilation and installation parameters


Some software packages allow you to specify, at compile-time, separate
locations for installation and for run-time.  Perl is one such package;
see Perl and Perl 5 Modules.  Others allow you to compile the
package, then give a different destination in the ‘make install’
step without causing the binaries or other files to get rebuilt.  Most
GNU software falls into this category; Emacs is a notable exception.
See section GNU Emacs, and Other FSF Software.



Still other software packages cannot abide the idea of separate
installation and run-time locations at all.  If you try to ‘make
install prefix=/usr/local/stow/foo’, then first the whole package
will be recompiled to hardwire the ‘/usr/local/stow/foo’
path.  With these packages, it is best to compile normally, then run
‘make -n install’, which should report all the steps needed to
install the just-built software.  Place this output into a file, edit
the commands in the file to remove recompilation steps and to reflect
the Stow-based installation location, and execute the edited file as a
shell script in place of ‘make install’.  Be sure to execute the
script using the same shell that ‘make install’ would have used.



(If you use GNU Make and a shell [such as GNU bash] that understands
pushd and popd, you can do the following:



    

  1. 
Replace all lines matching ‘make[n]: Entering directory
dir’ with ‘pushd dir’.

  2. 
Replace all lines matching ‘make[n]: Leaving directory
dir’ with ‘popd’.

  3. 
Delete all lines matching ‘make[n]: Nothing to be done for
rule’.




Then find other lines in the output containing cd or make
commands and rewrite or delete them.  In particular, you should be able
to delete sections of the script that resemble this:



 
for i in dir_1 dir_2 …; do \
  (cd $i; make args …) \
done




Note, that’s “should be able to,” not “can.”  Be sure to modulate
these guidelines with plenty of your own intelligence.



The details of stowing some specific packages are described in the
following sections.





12.2 GNU Emacs                     



12.3 Other FSF Software            



12.4 Cygnus Software               



12.5 Perl and Perl 5 Modules       











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12.2 GNU Emacs



Although the Free Software Foundation has many enlightened practices
regarding Makefiles and software installation (see see section Other FSF Software), Emacs, its flagship program, doesn’t quite follow the
rules.  In particular, most GNU software allows you to write:



 
make
make install prefix=/usr/local/stow/package




If you try this with Emacs, then the new value for prefix in the
‘make install’ step will cause some files to get recompiled with
the new value of prefix wired into them.  In Emacs 19.23 and
later,(6)
the way to work around this problem is:



 
make
make install-arch-dep install-arch-indep prefix=/usr/local/stow/emacs




In 19.22 and some prior versions of Emacs, the workaround was:



 
make
make do-install prefix=/usr/local/stow/emacs









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12.3 Other FSF Software



The Free Software Foundation, the organization behind the GNU project,
has been unifying the build procedure for its tools for some time.
Thanks to its tools ‘autoconf’ and ‘automake’, most packages
now respond well to these simple steps, with no other intervention
necessary:



 
./configure options
make
make install prefix=/usr/local/stow/package




Hopefully, these tools can evolve to be aware of Stow-managed packages,
such that providing an option to ‘configure’ can allow ‘make’
and ‘make install’ steps to work correctly without needing to
“fool” the build process.








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12.4 Cygnus Software



Cygnus is a commercial supplier and supporter of GNU software.  It has
also written several of its own packages, released under the terms of
the GNU General Public License; and it has taken over the maintenance of
other packages.  Among the packages released by Cygnus are ‘gdb’,
‘gnats’, and ‘dejagnu’.



Cygnus packages have the peculiarity that each one unpacks into a
directory tree with a generic top-level Makefile, which is set up to
compile all of Cygnus’ packages, any number of which may reside
under the top-level directory.  In other words, even if you’re only
building ‘gnats’, the top-level Makefile will look for, and try to
build, ‘gdb’ and ‘dejagnu’ subdirectories, among many others.



The result is that if you try ‘make -n install
prefix=/usr/local/stow/package’ at the top level of a Cygnus
package, you’ll get a bewildering amount of output.  It will then be
very difficult to visually scan the output to see whether the install
will proceed correctly.  Unfortunately, it’s not always clear how to
invoke an install from the subdirectory of interest.



In cases like this, the best approach is to run your ‘make install
prefix=…’, but be ready to interrupt it if you detect that it
is recompiling files.  Usually it will work just fine; otherwise,
install manually.








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12.5 Perl and Perl 5 Modules



Perl 4.036 allows you to specify different locations for installation
and for run-time.  It is the only widely-used package in this author’s
experience that allows this, though hopefully more packages will adopt
this model.



Unfortunately, the authors of Perl believed that only AFS sites need
this ability.  The configuration instructions for Perl 4 misleadingly
state that some occult means are used under AFS to transport files from
their installation tree to their run-time tree.  In fact, that confusion
arises from the fact that Depot, Stow’s predecessor, originated at
Carnegie Mellon University, which was also the birthplace of AFS.  CMU’s
need to separate install-time and run-time trees stemmed from its use of
Depot, not from AFS.



The result of this confusion is that Perl 5’s configuration script
doesn’t even offer the option of separating install-time and run-time
trees unless you’re running AFS.  Fortunately, after you’ve
entered all the configuration settings, Perl’s setup script gives you
the opportunity to edit those settings in a file called
‘config.sh’.  When prompted, you should edit this file and replace
occurrences of



 
inst…/usr/local…




with



 
inst…/usr/local/stow/perl…




You can do this with the following Unix command:



 
sed 's,^\(inst.*/usr/local\),\1/stow/perl,' config.sh > config.sh.new
mv config.sh.new config.sh




Hopefully, the Perl authors will correct this deficiency in Perl 5’s
configuration mechanism.



Perl 5 modules—i.e., extensions to Perl 5—generally conform to a set
of standards for building and installing them.  The standard says that
the package comes with a top-level ‘Makefile.PL’, which is a Perl
script.  When it runs, it generates a ‘Makefile’.



If you followed the instructions above for editing ‘config.sh’ when
Perl was built, then when you create a ‘Makefile’ from a
‘Makefile.PL’, it will contain separate locations for run-time
(‘/usr/local’) and install-time (‘/usr/local/stow/perl’).
Thus you can do



 
perl Makefile.PL
make
make install




and the files will be installed into ‘/usr/local/stow/perl’.
However, you might prefer each Perl module to be stowed separately.  In
that case, you must edit the resulting Makefile, replacing
‘/usr/local/stow/perl’ with ‘/usr/local/stow/module’.
The best way to do this is:



 
perl Makefile.PL
find . -name Makefile -print | \
  xargs perl -pi~ -e 's,^(INST.*/stow)/perl,$1/module,;'
make
make install




(The use of ‘find’ and ‘xargs’ ensures that all Makefiles in
the module’s source tree, even those in subdirectories, get edited.)  A
good convention to follow is to name the stow directory for a Perl
module ‘cpan.module’, where ‘cpan’ stands for
Comprehensive Perl Archive Network, a collection of FTP sites that is
the source of most Perl 5 extensions.  This way, it’s easy to tell at a
glance which of the subdirectories of ‘/usr/local/stow’ are Perl 5
extensions.



When you stow separate Perl 5 modules separately, you are likely to
encounter conflicts (see section Conflicts) with files named ‘.exists’
and ‘perllocal.pod’.  One way to work around this is to remove
those files before stowing the module.  If you use the
‘cpan.module’ naming convention, you can simply do this:



 
cd /usr/local/stow
find cpan.* \( -name .exists -o -name perllocal.pod \) -print | \
  xargs rm










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13. Bootstrapping



Suppose you have a stow directory all set up and ready to go:
‘/usr/local/stow/perl’ contains the Perl installation,
‘/usr/local/stow/stow’ contains Stow itself, and perhaps you have
other packages waiting to be stowed.  You’d like to be able to do this:



 
cd /usr/local/stow
stow -vv *




but stow is not yet in your PATH.  Nor can you do this:



 
cd /usr/local/stow
stow/bin/stow -vv *




because the ‘#!’ line at the beginning of stow tries to
locate Perl (usually in ‘/usr/local/bin/perl’), and that won’t be
found.  The solution you must use is:



 
cd /usr/local/stow
perl/bin/perl stow/bin/stow -vv *









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14. Reporting Bugs



Please send bug reports to the current maintainers by electronic
mail.  The address to use is ‘<bug-stow@gnu.org>’.  Please
include:



    

  • 
the version number of Stow (‘stow --version’);


  • 
the version number of Perl (‘perl -v’);


  • 
the system information, which can often be obtained with ‘uname
-a’;


  • 
a description of the bug;


  • 
the precise command you gave;


  • 
the output from the command (preferably verbose output, obtained by
adding ‘--verbose=3’ to the Stow command line).




If you are really keen, consider developing a minimal test case and
creating a new test.  See the ‘t/’ directory in the source for
lots of examples.



Before reporting a bug, please read the manual carefully, especially
Known Bugs, to see whether you’re encountering
something that doesn’t need reporting.
(see section Conflicts).








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15. Known Bugs



There are no known bugs in Stow version 2.2.0!
If you think you have found one, please see section Reporting Bugs.









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GNU General Public License



 Version 2, June 1991



 
Copyright © 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.









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Preamble



  The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
software—to make sure the software is free for all its users.  This
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
Foundation’s software and to any other program whose authors commit to
using it.  (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
the GNU Library General Public License instead.)  You can apply it to
your programs, too.



  When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.



  To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.



  For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
you have.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
source code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their
rights.



  We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
distribute and/or modify the software.



  Also, for each author’s protection and ours, we want to make certain
that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
software.  If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
authors’ reputations.



  Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
patents.  We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
program proprietary.  To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
patent must be licensed for everyone’s free use or not licensed at all.



  The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
modification follow.



 TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION



    

  1. 
This License applies to any program or other work which contains
a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
under the terms of this General Public License.  The “Program”, below,
refers to any such program or work, and a “work based on the Program”
means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
language.  (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
the term “modification”.)  Each licensee is addressed as “you”.


    Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
covered by this License; they are outside its scope.  The act of
running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.

    

  2. 
You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program’s
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
along with the Program.


    You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.

    

  3. 
You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:


      

    1. 
You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.


    2. 
You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
parties under the terms of this License.


    3. 
If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
License.  (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
the Program is not required to print an announcement.)

    


    These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.  If
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
sections when you distribute them as separate works.  But when you
distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.

    

    Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
collective works based on the Program.

    

    In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
the scope of this License.

    

  4. 
You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:


      

    1. 
Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,


    2. 
Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
customarily used for software interchange; or,


    3. 
Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
to distribute corresponding source code.  (This alternative is
allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
received the program in object code or executable form with such
an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)

    


    The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
making modifications to it.  For an executable work, complete source
code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
control compilation and installation of the executable.  However, as a
special exception, the source code distributed need not include
anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
itself accompanies the executable.

    

    If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
compelled to copy the source along with the object code.

    

  5. 
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
parties remain in full compliance.


  6. 
You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
signed it.  However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
distribute the Program or its derivative works.  These actions are
prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.  Therefore, by
modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
the Program or works based on it.


  7. 
Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
these terms and conditions.  You may not impose any further
restrictions on the recipients’ exercise of the rights granted herein.
You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
this License.


  8. 
If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot
distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
may not distribute the Program at all.  For example, if a patent
license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.


    If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
circumstances.

    

    It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
implemented by public license practices.  Many people have made
generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
impose that choice.

    

    This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
be a consequence of the rest of this License.

    

  9. 
If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
countries not thus excluded.  In such case, this License incorporates
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.


  10. 
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
of the General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
address new problems or concerns.


    Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Program
specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and “any
later version”, you have the option of following the terms and conditions
either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
Software Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of
this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
Foundation.

    

  11. 
If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
to ask for permission.  For software which is copyrighted by the Free
Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
make exceptions for this.  Our decision will be guided by the two goals
of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.


     NO WARRANTY

    

  12. 
BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS
TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE
PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
REPAIR OR CORRECTION.


  13. 
IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.




 END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS









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How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs



  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.



  To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the “copyright” line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.



 
one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.
Copyright (C) 19yy  name of author

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.




Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.



If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
when it starts in an interactive mode:



 
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
type `show w'.  This is free software, and you are welcome
to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
for details.




The hypothetical commands ‘show w’ and ‘show c’ should show
the appropriate parts of the General Public License.  Of course, the
commands you use may be called something other than ‘show w’ and
‘show c’; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items—whatever
suits your program.



You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
school, if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if
necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:



 
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
interest in the program `Gnomovision'
(which makes passes at compilers) written
by James Hacker.

signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice




This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications
with the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library
General Public License instead of this License.








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Index



Jump to:   A
   
C
   
D
   
F
   
I
   
O
   
P
   
R
   
S
   
T
   
U
   
V
   





Index Entry Section


 


A


absolute symlink2. Terminology


adopting existing files3. Invoking Stow


 


C


conflicts5.4 Conflicts during installation


 


D


deletion6. Deleting Packages


directory folding5.1 Tree folding


dry run3. Invoking Stow


 


F


folding trees5.1 Tree folding


 


I


ignore lists4. Ignore Lists


ignore lists4.1 Motivation For Ignore Lists


ignoring files and directories4. Ignore Lists


installation5. Installing Packages


installation conflicts5.4 Conflicts during installation


installation image2. Terminology


 


O


ownership5.3 Ownership


 


P


package2. Terminology


package directory2. Terminology


package name2. Terminology


 


R


refolding trees6.1 Refolding “foldable” trees.


relative symlink2. Terminology


 


S


simulated run3. Invoking Stow


splitting open folded trees5.2 Tree unfolding


stow directory2. Terminology


symlink2. Terminology


 


T


target directory2. Terminology


tree folding5.1 Tree folding


tree refolding6.1 Refolding “foldable” trees.


tree unfolding5.2 Tree unfolding


tree unsplitting5.2 Tree unfolding


 


U


unfolding trees5.2 Tree unfolding


 


V


verbosity levels3. Invoking Stow


 




Jump to:   A
   
C
   
D
   
F
   
I
   
O
   
P
   
R
   
S
   
T
   
U
   
V
   









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Footnotes


(1)


As of Perl 4.036 and Emacs
19.22.

(2)


Exact matching means the
regular expression is anchored at the beginning and end, in contrast
to unanchored regular expressions which will match a substring.

(3)


In this context, “subpath” means a contiguous
subset of path segments; e.g for the relative path
‘one/two/three’, there are six valid subpaths: ‘one’,
‘two’, ‘three’, ‘one/two’, ‘two/three’,
‘one/two/three’.

(4)


The “basename” is the name of the file or
directory itself, excluding any directory path prefix - as returned by
the basename command.

(5)


This
approach was introduced in version 2 of GNU Stow.  Previously, the whole
target tree was scanned and stow directories were explicitly omitted.  This
became problematic when dealing with very large installations.  The only
situation where this is useful is if you accidentally delete a directory in
the package tree, leaving you with a whole bunch of dangling links.  Note that
you can enable the old approach with the ‘-p’ option.  Alternatively, you can
use the ‘--badlinks’ option get stow to search for dangling links in your target tree and remove the offenders manually.

(6)


As I write this, the current version of Emacs is 19.31.






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Table of Contents













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About This Document



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  where the  Example  assumes that the current position is at  Subsubsection One-Two-Three  of a document of the following structure:




    
  
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  This document was generated by Adam Spiers on February 18, 2012 using texi2html 1.82.
 
 






stow-2.2.0/doc/version.texi0000664000076400007640000000014511717755465012611 00000000000000@set UPDATED 18 February 2012
@set UPDATED-MONTH February 2012
@set EDITION 2.2.0
@set VERSION 2.2.0
stow-2.2.0/doc/ChangeLog.OLD0000664000076400007640000001556211664212461012412 00000000000000Thu Jan 31 2008  Kahlil Hodgson  

	* stow.texi: Austin Wood and Chris Hoobin clean this up for version 2.

	* texi2man: new script by Austin and Chris to generate a man page from the
	texinfo file.


Sun Nov 25 19:31:32 2007  Kahlil Hodgson 
	* all: Version 2.0.1

	* AUTHORS: added Kahlil Hodgson as a new author and current maintainer.

	* stow.in: major rewrite to produce version 2.0.1 see NEWS for details
	
	* t/: added test suite and support code
	
	* configure.in: renamed to configure.ac as per autotools recommendation.

	* configure.ac: 
	Use AC_INT rather than obsolete AM_INTI_MAKEFILE usage.
	Remove redundant VERSION and PACKAGE setttings
	Remove redundant AC_ARG_PROGRAM
	Use AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([-Wall -Werror]) because we are pedantic.
	Add AC_PREREQ([2.6.1])
	
	* Makefile.am, configure.ac: 
	Use explicit rewrite in Makefile.am, rather than AC_CONFIG_FILES(stow.in),
	as per autotools recommendation.

	* Makefile.am: 
	Add TESTS and TEST_ENVIRONMENT for files in t/
	Use dist_man_MANS instead of EXTRA_DIST for man page 

	* INSTALL: update to reflect autotools modernization.

	* NEWS: update to describe cahnges in Version 2.0.1.

	* README: update to point to the right websites and email addresses.
	
	* THANKS: 
	Add Emil Mikulc who's ideas largely inspired Version 2 and 
	and Geoffrey Giesemann who did some initial testing and found some
	important bugs.

	* TODO: remove tasks that where implemented in Version 2

	* stow.texi: update documentation to reflect Version 2 changes.
	
	* stow.8: update to reflect Version 2 changes.

Sat Jan 26 16:15:21 2002  Guillaume Morin  

    * stow.in: if $ENV{'STOW_DIR'} is set, this becomes the default
      Stow directory.

Sun Jan 06 12:18:50 2002  Guillaume Morin  

    * Makefile.am: use EXTRA_DIST to include manpage in distribution

Wed Jan 02 21:33:41 2002  Guillaume Morin  

    * stow.in: Stow now only warns the user if a subdirectory
      is unreadable during unstowing.

Wed Jan 02 20:58:05 2002  Guillaume Morin  

    * stow.in: fixed JoinPaths so that subdirs called "0" are
      correctly pushed. Thanks a lot to Gergely Nagy
       who patiently helped me to chase 
      this bug.

Sun Dec 30 21:58:25 2001  Guillaume Morin  

    * stow.in: fixed a bug introduced by previous changes when
      Target argument was relative. (thanks to Luca Filipozzi
       for pointing this out)
	   
Sun Dec 30 18:23:25 2001  Guillaume Morin  

    * stow.in: now requires Perl 5. Use POSIX getcwd instead of broken
      fastcwd. Fixed bug when CommonParent is /. Stow does not remove
      initially empty directories anymore.
	
Sun Dec 30 18:07:51 2001  Guillaume Morin  

    * configure.in: automake fixes (fp_ -> AC, +AC_INIT_AUTOMAKE)

Fri Oct 11 22:09:45 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* stow.html, configure.in: Version 1.3.2.

	* README, stow.texi: Correct the URL again.

Fri Oct 11 18:20:42 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* configure.in: Version 1.3.1.

	* stow.html: Update Stow manual URL.  Mention version 1.3.1.

	* README: Update Stow URL.

	* Makefile.am: stow-manual.html -> manual.html.

	* stow.texi:
	Add a reference to the Stow home page on the GNU web server.  Change
	several occurrences of "which" to "that" for grammatical superiority.

Wed Oct  9 00:34:07 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* Makefile.am:
	Add maintainer-only rules for stow-manual.html and stow-manual.texi.

Wed Oct  9 00:32:31 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* README: Refer to the new location for the Stow home page.

	* stow.html: Make it right for the GNU web server.

Tue Oct  8 21:54:09 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* stow.texi: Document --restow

	* stow.in: Add --restow (-R) option

	* configure.in: Add "perl4" to search for Perl binary.
	Bump version number to 1.3.

Mon Jun 24 23:23:03 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* stow.texi: Delete trailing whitespace.

Fri Jun 21 19:44:26 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* Makefile.am:
	Don't explicitly mention version.texi.  Automake now does it
 	automagically, by noticing the `@include version.texi' in
 	stow.texi.  Awesome.

	* stow.texi:
	Use @include instead of @input.  This is more Texinfoid, plus
	allows Automake to automatically deduce the need for
	version.texi.

	* stow.in:
	Elide trailing slashes from package names, then complain if
	package names have slashes in them.

Tue Jun 18 23:19:04 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* README: Call it "Gnu Stow".

Tue Jun 18 22:15:45 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* configure.in:
	Bump version number to 1.2.

	Look for Perl under the names `perl' and `perl5'.  If not found,
	print a warning.

	* stow.texi:
	Add a section about bootstrapping.  Add text about hacking Gnu
	Make output.

	* INSTALL:
	Describe what happens when Perl isn't found during `configure'.

Mon Jun 17 19:43:25 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* THANKS: Thank Fritz.

Fri Jun 14 19:18:50 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* AUTHORS: Credit John Bazik and Gord Matzigkeit.

	* stow.texi: Remove a "known bug" -- the pwd dependency is gone.

	* stow.in:
	Use fastcwd, from fastcwd.pl (which is GPL'd), to remove
 	dependency on an external pwd binary.  Suggested by Gord
	Matzigkeit.

	* stow.in: Add a missing comma.

Thu Jun 13 21:52:10 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* stow.in:
	Change three occurrences of `my' to `local' for Perl 4
	compatibility.

Thu Jun 13 18:07:37 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* configure.in: Bump version number to 1.1.

	* Makefile.am:
	Add `stow' to the list of clean targets.  Don't redirect output
 	directly into a make target.

	* AUTHORS, README:
	Use  as the contact address.

	* TODO: New file.

	* stow.in:
	Refer to "Gnu Stow" in a few places.  Use 
 	as the contact address.  Handle long and short options.  Handle
 	`version' and `help' options.  Refer to "packages," not
 	"collections," for consistency with the manual.

	* stow.texi:
	Refer to "Gnu Stow" in a few places.  Use 
 	as the contact address.  Add sections on Reporting bugs and Known
 	bugs.  Create a master menu.  Minor rewording.  Remove the period
 	from a node name.

	* TODO, THANKS: New files.

Mon Jun 10 14:44:13 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* NEWS: Create NEWS file for release.  1.0 now ready.

	* stow.texi: Big revisions in preparation for release.

Sun Jun  9 15:47:19 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* stow.in: Enhance argument parsing, losing Perl 4 support in the
	process.
	(later) Perl 4 support restored.

Fri Jun  7 12:13:33 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* Created stow, formerly "depot."
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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "STOW.IN 1"
.TH STOW.IN 1 "2012-02-18" "perl v5.12.4" "User Contributed Perl Documentation"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
stow \- software package installation manager
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
stow [ options ] package ...
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
This manual page describes \s-1GNU\s0 Stow \f(CW@VERSION\fR@, a program for managing
the installation of software packages. This is not the definitive
documentation for stow; for that, see the info manual.
.PP
Stow is a tool for managing the installation of multiple software
packages in the same run-time directory tree. One historical
difficulty of this task has been the need to administer, upgrade,
install, and remove files in independent packages without confusing
them with other files sharing the same filesystem space. For instance,
it is common to install Perl and Emacs in \fI/usr/local\fR.  When one
does so, one winds up (as of Perl 4.036 and Emacs 19.22) with the
following files in \fI/usr/local/man/man1\fR: \fIa2p.1\fR; \fIctags.1\fR;
\&\fIemacs.1\fR; \fIetags.1\fR; \fIh2ph.1\fR; \fIperl.1\fR; and \fIs2p.1\fR.  Now
suppose it's time to uninstall Perl. Which man pages get removed?
Obviously \fIperl.1\fR is one of them, but it should not be the
administrator's responsibility to memorize the ownership of individual
files by separate packages.
.PP
The approach used by Stow is to install each package into its own
tree, then use symbolic links to make it appear as though the files
are installed in the common tree. Administration can be performed in
the package's private tree in isolation from clutter from other
packages.  Stow can then be used to update the symbolic links. The
structure of each private tree should reflect the desired structure in
the common tree; i.e. (in the typical case) there should be a \fIbin\fR
directory containing executables, a \fIman/man1\fR directory containing
section 1 man pages, and so on.
.PP
Stow was inspired by Carnegie Mellon's Depot program, but is
substantially simpler and safer. Whereas Depot required database files
to keep things in sync, Stow stores no extra state between runs, so
there's no danger (as there was in Depot) of mangling directories when
file hierarchies don't match the database. Also unlike Depot, Stow
will never delete any files, directories, or links that appear in a
Stow directory (e.g., \fI/usr/local/stow/emacs\fR), so it's always
possible to rebuild the target tree (e.g., \fI/usr/local\fR).
.SH "TERMINOLOGY"
.IX Header "TERMINOLOGY"
A \*(L"package\*(R" is a related collection of files and directories that
you wish to administer as a unit \*(-- e.g., Perl or Emacs \*(-- and that
needs to be installed in a particular directory structure \*(-- e.g.,
with \fIbin\fR, \fIlib\fR, and \fIman\fR subdirectories.
.PP
A \*(L"target directory\*(R" is the root of a tree in which one or more
packages wish to \fBappear\fR to be installed. A common, but by no means
the only such location is \fI/usr/local\fR.  The examples in this manual
page will use \fI/usr/local\fR as the target directory.
.PP
A \*(L"stow directory\*(R" is the root of a tree containing separate
packages in private subtrees. When Stow runs, it uses the current
directory as the default stow directory. The examples in this manual
page will use \fI/usr/local/stow\fR as the stow directory, so that
individual packages will be, for example, \fI/usr/local/stow/perl\fR and
\&\fI/usr/local/stow/emacs\fR.
.PP
An \*(L"installation image\*(R" is the layout of files and directories
required by a package, relative to the target directory. Thus, the
installation image for Perl includes: a \fIbin\fR directory containing
\&\fIperl\fR and \fIa2p\fR (among others); an \fIinfo\fR directory containing
Texinfo documentation; a \fIlib/perl\fR directory containing Perl
libraries; and a \fIman/man1\fR directory containing man pages.
.PP
A \*(L"package directory\*(R" is the root of a tree containing the
installation image for a particular package. Each package directory
must reside in a stow directory \*(-- e.g., the package directory
\&\fI/usr/local/stow/perl\fR must reside in the stow directory
\&\fI/usr/local/stow\fR.  The \*(L"name\*(R" of a package is the name of its
directory within the stow directory \*(-- e.g., \fIperl\fR.
.PP
Thus, the Perl executable might reside in
\&\fI/usr/local/stow/perl/bin/perl\fR, where \fI/usr/local\fR is the target
directory, \fI/usr/local/stow\fR is the stow directory,
\&\fI/usr/local/stow/perl\fR is the package directory, and \fIbin/perl\fR
within is part of the installation image.
.PP
A \*(L"symlink\*(R" is a symbolic link. A symlink can be \*(L"relative\*(R" or
\&\*(L"absolute\*(R". An absolute symlink names a full path; that is, one
starting from \fI/\fR.  A relative symlink names a relative path; that
is, one not starting from \fI/\fR.  The target of a relative symlink is
computed starting from the symlink's own directory.  Stow only creates
relative symlinks.
.SH "OPTIONS"
.IX Header "OPTIONS"
The stow directory is assumed to be the value of the \f(CW\*(C`STOW_DIR\*(C'\fR
environment variable or if unset the current directory, and the target
directory is assumed to be the parent of the current directory (so it
is typical to execute \fIstow\fR from the directory \fI/usr/local/stow\fR).
Each \fIpackage\fR given on the command line is the name of a package in
the stow directory (e.g., \fIperl\fR).  By default, they are installed
into the target directory (but they can be deleted instead using
\&\f(CW\*(C`\-D\*(C'\fR).
.IP "\-n" 4
.IX Item "-n"
.PD 0
.IP "\-\-no" 4
.IX Item "--no"
.PD
Do not perform any operations that modify the filesystem; merely show
what would happen.
.IP "\-d \s-1DIR\s0" 4
.IX Item "-d DIR"
.PD 0
.IP "\-\-dir=DIR" 4
.IX Item "--dir=DIR"
.PD
Set the stow directory to \f(CW\*(C`DIR\*(C'\fR instead of the current directory.
This also has the effect of making the default target directory be the
parent of \f(CW\*(C`DIR\*(C'\fR.
.IP "\-t \s-1DIR\s0" 4
.IX Item "-t DIR"
.PD 0
.IP "\-\-target=DIR" 4
.IX Item "--target=DIR"
.PD
Set the target directory to \f(CW\*(C`DIR\*(C'\fR instead of the parent of the stow
directory.
.IP "\-v" 4
.IX Item "-v"
.PD 0
.IP "\-\-verbose[=N]" 4
.IX Item "--verbose[=N]"
.PD
Send verbose output to standard error describing what Stow is
doing. Verbosity levels are 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4; 0 is the default.
Using \f(CW\*(C`\-v\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`\-\-verbose\*(C'\fR increases the verbosity by one; using
`\-\-verbose=N' sets it to N.
.IP "\-S" 4
.IX Item "-S"
.PD 0
.IP "\-\-stow" 4
.IX Item "--stow"
.PD
Stow the packages that follow this option into the target directory.
This is the default action and so can be omitted if you are only
stowing packages rather than performing a mixture of
stow/delete/restow actions.
.IP "\-D" 4
.IX Item "-D"
.PD 0
.IP "\-\-delete" 4
.IX Item "--delete"
.PD
Unstow the packages that follow this option from the target directory rather
than installing them.
.IP "\-R" 4
.IX Item "-R"
.PD 0
.IP "\-\-restow" 4
.IX Item "--restow"
.PD
Restow packages (first unstow, then stow again). This is useful
for pruning obsolete symlinks from the target tree after updating
the software in a package.
.IP "\-\-adopt" 4
.IX Item "--adopt"
\&\fBWarning!\fR  This behaviour is specifically intended to alter the
contents of your stow directory.  If you do not want that, this option
is not for you.
.Sp
When stowing, if a target is encountered which already exists but is a
plain file (and hence not owned by any existing stow package), then
normally Stow will register this as a conflict and refuse to proceed.
This option changes that behaviour so that the file is moved to the
same relative place within the package's installation image within the
stow directory, and then stowing proceeds as before.  So effectively,
the file becomes adopted by the stow package, without its contents
changing.
.IP "\-\-no\-folding" 4
.IX Item "--no-folding"
Disable folding of newly stowed directories when stowing, and
refolding of newly foldable directories when unstowing.
.IP "\-\-ignore=REGEX" 4
.IX Item "--ignore=REGEX"
Ignore files ending in this Perl regex.
.IP "\-\-defer=REGEX" 4
.IX Item "--defer=REGEX"
Don't stow files beginning with this Perl regex if the file is already
stowed to another package.
.IP "\-\-override=REGEX" 4
.IX Item "--override=REGEX"
Force stowing files beginning with this Perl regex if the file is
already stowed to another package.
.IP "\-V" 4
.IX Item "-V"
.PD 0
.IP "\-\-version" 4
.IX Item "--version"
.PD
Show Stow version number, and exit.
.IP "\-h" 4
.IX Item "-h"
.PD 0
.IP "\-\-help" 4
.IX Item "--help"
.PD
Show Stow command syntax, and exit.
.SH "INSTALLING PACKAGES"
.IX Header "INSTALLING PACKAGES"
The default action of Stow is to install a package. This means
creating symlinks in the target tree that point into the package tree.
Stow attempts to do this with as few symlinks as possible; in other
words, if Stow can create a single symlink that points to an entire
subtree within the package tree, it will choose to do that rather than
create a directory in the target tree and populate it with symlinks.
.PP
For example, suppose that no packages have yet been installed in
\&\fI/usr/local\fR; it's completely empty (except for the \fIstow\fR
subdirectory, of course). Now suppose the Perl package is installed.
Recall that it includes the following directories in its installation
image: \fIbin\fR; \fIinfo\fR; \fIlib/perl\fR; \fIman/man1\fR.  Rather than
creating the directory \fI/usr/local/bin\fR and populating it with
symlinks to \fI../stow/perl/bin/perl\fR and \fI../stow/perl/bin/a2p\fR (and
so on), Stow will create a single symlink, \fI/usr/local/bin\fR, which
points to \fIstow/perl/bin\fR.  In this way, it still works to refer to
\&\fI/usr/local/bin/perl\fR and \fI/usr/local/bin/a2p\fR, and fewer symlinks
have been created. This is called \*(L"tree folding\*(R", since an entire
subtree is \*(L"folded\*(R" into a single symlink.
.PP
To complete this example, Stow will also create the symlink
\&\fI/usr/local/info\fR pointing to \fIstow/perl/info\fR; the symlink
\&\fI/usr/local/lib\fR pointing to \fIstow/perl/lib\fR; and the symlink
\&\fI/usr/local/man\fR pointing to \fIstow/perl/man\fR.
.PP
Now suppose that instead of installing the Perl package into an empty
target tree, the target tree is not empty to begin with. Instead, it
contains several files and directories installed under a different
system-administration philosophy. In particular, \fI/usr/local/bin\fR
already exists and is a directory, as are \fI/usr/local/lib\fR and
\&\fI/usr/local/man/man1\fR.  In this case, Stow will descend into
\&\fI/usr/local/bin\fR and create symlinks to \fI../stow/perl/bin/perl\fR and
\&\fI../stow/perl/bin/a2p\fR (etc.), and it will descend into
\&\fI/usr/local/lib\fR and create the tree-folding symlink \fIperl\fR pointing
to \fI../stow/perl/lib/perl\fR, and so on. As a rule, Stow only descends
as far as necessary into the target tree when it can create a
tree-folding symlink.
.PP
The time often comes when a tree-folding symlink has to be undone
because another package uses one or more of the folded subdirectories
in its installation image. This operation is called \*(L"splitting open\*(R"
a folded tree. It involves removing the original symlink from the
target tree, creating a true directory in its place, and then
populating the new directory with symlinks to the newly-installed
package \fBand\fR to the old package that used the old symlink. For
example, suppose that after installing Perl into an empty
\&\fI/usr/local\fR, we wish to install Emacs.  Emacs's installation image
includes a \fIbin\fR directory containing the \fIemacs\fR and \fIetags\fR
executables, among others. Stow must make these files appear to be
installed in \fI/usr/local/bin\fR, but presently \fI/usr/local/bin\fR is a
symlink to \fIstow/perl/bin\fR.  Stow therefore takes the following
steps: the symlink \fI/usr/local/bin\fR is deleted; the directory
\&\fI/usr/local/bin\fR is created; links are made from \fI/usr/local/bin\fR to
\&\fI../stow/emacs/bin/emacs\fR and \fI../stow/emacs/bin/etags\fR; and links
are made from \fI/usr/local/bin\fR to \fI../stow/perl/bin/perl\fR and
\&\fI../stow/perl/bin/a2p\fR.
.PP
When splitting open a folded tree, Stow makes sure that the symlink
it is about to remove points inside a valid package in the current stow
directory.
.SS "Stow will never delete anything that it doesn't own."
.IX Subsection "Stow will never delete anything that it doesn't own."
Stow \*(L"owns\*(R" everything living in the target tree that points into a
package in the stow directory. Anything Stow owns, it can recompute if
lost. Note that by this definition, Stow doesn't \*(L"own\*(R" anything
\&\fBin\fR the stow directory or in any of the packages.
.PP
If Stow needs to create a directory or a symlink in the target tree
and it cannot because that name is already in use and is not owned by
Stow, then a conflict has arisen. See the \*(L"Conflicts\*(R" section in the
info manual.
.SH "DELETING PACKAGES"
.IX Header "DELETING PACKAGES"
When the \f(CW\*(C`\-D\*(C'\fR option is given, the action of Stow is to delete a
package from the target tree. Note that Stow will not delete anything
it doesn't \*(L"own\*(R". Deleting a package does \fBnot\fR mean removing it from
the stow directory or discarding the package tree.
.PP
To delete a package, Stow recursively scans the target tree, skipping
over the stow directory (since that is usually a subdirectory of the
target tree) and any other stow directories it encounters (see
\&\*(L"Multiple stow directories\*(R" in the info manual). Any symlink it
finds that points into the package being deleted is removed. Any
directory that contained only symlinks to the package being deleted is
removed. Any directory that, after removing symlinks and empty
subdirectories, contains only symlinks to a single other package, is
considered to be a previously \*(L"folded\*(R" tree that was \*(L"split open.\*(R"
Stow will re-fold the tree by removing the symlinks to the surviving
package, removing the directory, then linking the directory back to
the surviving package.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
The full documentation for \fIstow\fR is maintained as a Texinfo manual.
If the \fIinfo\fR and \fIstow\fR programs are properly installed at your site, the command
.PP
.Vb 1
\&    info stow
.Ve
.PP
should give you access to the complete manual.
.SH "BUGS"
.IX Header "BUGS"
Please report bugs in Stow using the Debian bug tracking system.
.PP
Currently known bugs include:
.IP "\(bu" 4
The empty-directory problem.
.Sp
If package \fIfoo\fR includes an empty directory \*(-- say, \fIfoo/bar\fR \*(--
then if no other package has a \fIbar\fR subdirectory, everything's fine.
If another stowed package \fIquux\fR, has a \fIbar\fR subdirectory, then
when stowing, \fItargetdir/bar\fR will be \*(L"split open\*(R" and the contents
of \fIquux/bar\fR will be individually stowed.  So far, so good. But when
unstowing \fIquux\fR, \fItargetdir/bar\fR will be removed, even though
\&\fIfoo/bar\fR needs it to remain.  A workaround for this problem is to
create a file in \fIfoo/bar\fR as a placeholder. If you name that file
\&\fI.placeholder\fR, it will be easy to find and remove such files when
this bug is fixed.
.IP "\(bu" 4
When using multiple stow directories (see \*(L"Multiple stow directories\*(R"
in the info manual), Stow fails to \*(L"split open\*(R" tree-folding symlinks
(see \*(L"Installing packages\*(R" in the info manual) that point into a stow
directory which is not the one in use by the current Stow
command. Before failing, it should search the target of the link to
see whether any element of the path contains a \fI.stow\fR file. If it
finds one, it can \*(L"learn\*(R" about the cooperating stow directory to
short-circuit the \fI.stow\fR search the next time it encounters a
tree-folding symlink.
.SH "AUTHOR"
.IX Header "AUTHOR"
This man page was originally constructed by Charles Briscoe-Smith from
parts of Stow's info manual, and then converted to \s-1POD\s0 format by Adam
Spiers.  The info manual contains the following notice, which, as it
says, applies to this manual page, too.  The text of the section
entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 General Public License\*(R" can be found in the file
\&\fI/usr/share/common\-licenses/GPL\fR on any Debian GNU/Linux system.  If
you don't have access to a Debian system, or the \s-1GPL\s0 is not there,
write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite
330, Boston, \s-1MA\s0, 02111\-1307, \s-1USA\s0.
.SH "COPYRIGHT"
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
Copyright (C)
1993, 1994, 1995, 1996 by Bob Glickstein ;
2000, 2001 by Guillaume Morin;
2007 by Kahlil Hodgson;
2011 by Adam Spiers;
and others.
.PP
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
preserved on all copies.
.PP
Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that
the section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 General Public License\*(R" is included with the
modified manual, and provided that the entire resulting derived work
is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to
this one.
.PP
Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a
translation approved by the Free Software Foundation.
stow-2.2.0/doc/stamp-vti0000664000076400007640000000014511720005466012057 00000000000000@set UPDATED 18 February 2012
@set UPDATED-MONTH February 2012
@set EDITION 2.2.0
@set VERSION 2.2.0
stow-2.2.0/doc/stow.texi0000644000076400007640000020726011720005436012101 00000000000000\input texinfo @c -*- texinfo -*-
@c %**start of header
@setfilename stow.info
@settitle Stow
@finalout
@c @smallbook
@c @setchapternewpage odd
@c @footnotestyle separate
@c %**end of header

@include version.texi

@ifinfo
@end ifinfo

@copying
This manual describes GNU Stow version @value{VERSION}
(@value{UPDATED}), a program for managing the installation of software
packages.

Software and documentation is copyrighted by the following:

@copyright{} 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996 Bob Glickstein 
@*
@copyright{} 2000, 2001 Guillaume Morin 
@*
@copyright{} 2007 Kahlil (Kal) Hodgson 
@*
@copyright{} 2011 Adam Spiers 

@quotation
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
preserved on all copies.

@ignore
Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the
results, provided the printed document carries a copying permission
notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph
(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual).
@end ignore

Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that the
section entitled ``GNU General Public License'' is included with the
modified manual, and provided that the entire resulting derived work is
distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this
one.

Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions,
except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation
approved by the Free Software Foundation.
@end quotation
@end copying

@dircategory System administration
@direntry
* Stow: (stow).           GNU Stow.
@end direntry

@c ===========================================================================
@titlepage
@title Stow @value{VERSION}
@subtitle Managing the installation of software packages
@author Bob Glickstein, Zanshin Software, Inc.
@author Kahlil Hodgson, RMIT Univerity, Australia.
@page
@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
@insertcopying
@end titlepage

@c FIXME: How to include the TOC in the TOC?
@c @node Table of Contents, Top, (dir), (dir)
@c @unnumbered Table of Contents
@contents

@c ==========================================================================
@ifnottex
@node Top
@top

@ifinfo
This manual describes GNU Stow @value{VERSION} (@value{UPDATED}), a
program for managing the installation of software packages.
@end ifinfo
@end ifnottex

@menu
* Introduction::                Description of Stow.
* Terminology::                 Terms used by this manual.
* Invoking Stow::               Option summary.
* Ignore Lists::                Controlling what gets stowed.
* Installing Packages::         Using Stow to install.
* Deleting Packages::           Using Stow to uninstall.
* Conflicts::                   When Stow can't stow.
* Mixing Operations::           Multiple actions per invocation.
* Multiple Stow Directories::   Further segregating software.
* Target Maintenance::          Cleaning up mistakes.
* Resource Files::              Setting default command line options.
* Compile-time vs Install-time::  Faking out `make install'.
* Bootstrapping::               When stow and perl are not yet stowed.
* Reporting Bugs::              How, what, where, and when to report.
* Known Bugs::                  Don't report any of these.
* GNU General Public License::  Copying terms.
* Index::                       Index of concepts.

@detailmenu
 --- The Detailed Node Listing ---

Ignore Lists

* Motivation For Ignore Lists::  
* Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists::  
* Justification For Yet Another Set Of Ignore Files::  

Advice on changing compilation and installation parameters

* GNU Emacs::                   
* Other FSF Software::          
* Cygnus Software::             
* Perl and Perl 5 Modules::     

@end detailmenu
@end menu

@c ===========================================================================
@node Introduction, Terminology, Top, Top
@chapter Introduction

Stow is a tool for managing the installation of multiple software
packages in the same run-time directory tree.  One historical difficulty
of this task has been the need to administer, upgrade, install, and
remove files in independent packages without confusing them with other
files sharing the same file system space.  For instance, it is common to
install Perl and Emacs in @file{/usr/local}.  When one does so, one
winds up with the following files@footnote{As of Perl 4.036 and Emacs
19.22.} in @file{/usr/local/man/man1}:

@example
a2p.1
ctags.1
emacs.1
etags.1
h2ph.1
perl.1
s2p.1
@end example

@noindent
Now suppose it's time to uninstall Perl.  Which man pages
get removed?  Obviously @file{perl.1} is one of them, but it should not
be the administrator's responsibility to memorize the ownership of
individual files by separate packages.

The approach used by Stow is to install each package into its own
tree, then use symbolic links to make it appear as though the files are
installed in the common tree.  Administration can be performed in the
package's private tree in isolation from clutter from other packages.
Stow can then be used to update the symbolic links.  The structure
of each private tree should reflect the desired structure in the common
tree; i.e. (in the typical case) there should be a @file{bin} directory
containing executables, a @file{man/man1} directory containing section 1
man pages, and so on.

Stow was inspired by Carnegie Mellon's Depot program, but is
substantially simpler and safer.  Whereas Depot required database files
to keep things in sync, Stow stores no extra state between runs, so
there's no danger (as there was in Depot) of mangling directories when
file hierarchies don't match the database.  Also unlike Depot, Stow will
never delete any files, directories, or links that appear in a Stow
directory (e.g., @file{/usr/local/stow/emacs}), so it's always possible
to rebuild the target tree (e.g., @file{/usr/local}).

For information about the latest version of Stow, you can refer to
@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/stow/}.


@c ===========================================================================
@node Terminology, Invoking Stow, Introduction, Top
@chapter Terminology

@indent
@cindex package
A @dfn{package} is a related collection of files and directories that
you wish to administer as a unit --- e.g., Perl or Emacs --- and that needs
to be installed in a particular directory structure --- e.g., with
@file{bin}, @file{lib}, and @file{man} subdirectories.

@cindex target directory
A @dfn{target directory} is the root of a tree in which one or more
packages wish to @emph{appear} to be installed.  A common, but by no
means the only such location is @file{/usr/local}.  The examples in this
manual will use @file{/usr/local} as the target directory.

@cindex stow directory
A @dfn{stow directory} is the root of a tree containing separate
packages in private subtrees.  When Stow runs, it uses the current
directory as the default stow directory.  The examples in this manual
will use @file{/usr/local/stow} as the stow directory, so that
individual packages will be, for example, @file{/usr/local/stow/perl}
and @file{/usr/local/stow/emacs}.

@cindex installation image
An @dfn{installation image} is the layout of files and directories
required by a package, relative to the target directory.  Thus, the
installation image for Perl includes: a @file{bin} directory containing
@file{perl} and @file{a2p} (among others); an @file{info} directory
containing Texinfo documentation; a @file{lib/perl} directory containing
Perl libraries; and a @file{man/man1} directory containing man pages.

@cindex package directory
@cindex package name
A @dfn{package directory} is the root of a tree containing the
installation image for a particular package.  Each package directory
must reside in a stow directory --- e.g., the package directory
@file{/usr/local/stow/perl} must reside in the stow directory
@file{/usr/local/stow}.  The @dfn{name} of a package is the name of its
directory within the stow directory --- e.g., @file{perl}.

Thus, the Perl executable might reside in
@file{/usr/local/stow/perl/bin/perl}, where @file{/usr/local} is the
target directory, @file{/usr/local/stow} is the stow directory,
@file{/usr/local/stow/perl} is the package directory, and
@file{bin/perl} within is part of the installation image.

@cindex symlink
@cindex relative symlink
@cindex absolute symlink
A @dfn{symlink} is a symbolic link.  A symlink can be @dfn{relative} or
@dfn{absolute}.  An absolute symlink names a full path; that is, one
starting from @file{/}.  A relative symlink names a relative path; that
is, one not starting from @file{/}.  The target of a relative symlink is
computed starting from the symlink's own directory.  Stow only
creates relative symlinks.

@c ===========================================================================
@node Invoking Stow, Ignore Lists, Terminology, Top
@chapter Invoking Stow

The syntax of the @command{stow} command is:

@example
stow [@var{options}] [@var{action flag}] @var{package @dots{}}
@end example

@noindent
Each @var{package} is the name of a package (e.g., @samp{perl}) in the stow
directory that we wish to install into (or delete from) the target directory.
The default action is to install the given packages, although alternate actions
may be specified by preceding the package name(s) with an @var{action flag}.

@noindent
The following options are supported:

@table @samp

@item -d @var{dir}
@itemx --dir=@var{dir}
Set the stow directory to @var{dir}.  Defaults to the value of the environment
variable @env{STOW_DIR} if set, or the current directory otherwise.

@item -t @var{dir}
@itemx --target=@var{dir}
Set the target directory to @var{dir} instead of the parent of the stow
directory.  Defaults to the parent of the stow directory, so it is typical to
execute @command{stow} from the directory @file{/usr/local/stow}.

@item --ignore=@var{regexp}
This (repeatable) option lets you suppress acting on files that match the
given perl regular expression.  For example, using the options

@example
--ignore='*.orig' --ignore='*.dist'
@end example

@noindent
will cause stow to ignore files ending in @file{.orig} or @file{.dist}.

Note that the regular expression is anchored to the end of the filename,
because this is what you will want to do most of the time.

Also note that by default Stow automatically ignores a ``sensible''
built-in list of files and directories such as @file{CVS}, editor
backup files, and so on.  @xref{Ignore Lists}, for more details.

@item --defer=@var{regexp}
This (repeatable) option avoids stowing a file matching the given
regular expression, if that file is already stowed by another package.
This is effectively the opposite of @option{--override}.

(N.B. the name @option{--defer} was chosen in the sense that the package
currently being stowed is treated with lower precedence than any
already installed package, not in the sense that the operation is
being postponed to be run at a later point in time; do not confuse
this nomenclature with the wording used in @ref{Deferred Operation}.)

For example, the following options

@example
--defer=man --defer=info
@end example

@noindent
will cause stow to skip over pre-existing man and info pages.

Equivalently, you could use @samp{--defer='man|info'} since the
argument is just a Perl regex.

Note that the regular expression is anchored to the beginning of the path
relative to the target directory, because this is what you will want to do most
of the time.

@item --override=@var{regexp}
This (repeatable) option forces any file matching the regular expression to be
stowed, even if the file is already stowed to another package. For example,
the following options

@example
--override=man --override=info
@end example

@noindent
will permit stow to overwrite links that point to pre-existing man and info
pages that are owned by stow and would otherwise cause a conflict.

The regular expression is anchored to the beginning of the path relative to
the target directory, because this is what you will want to do most of the time.

@item --no-folding

This disables any further @ref{tree folding} or @ref{tree refolding}.
If a new subdirectory is encountered whilst stowing a new package, the
subdirectory is created within the target, and its contents are
symlinked, rather than just creating a symlink for the directory.  If
removal of symlinks whilst unstowing a package causes a subtree to be
foldable (i.e. only containing symlinks to a single package), that
subtree will not be removed and replaced with a symlink.

@cindex adopting existing files
@item --adopt
@strong{Warning!} This behaviour is specifically intended to alter the
contents of your stow directory.  If you do not want that, this option
is not for you.

When stowing, if a target is encountered which already exists but is a
plain file (and hence not owned by any existing stow package), then
normally Stow will register this as a conflict and refuse to proceed.
This option changes that behaviour so that the file is moved to the
same relative place within the package's installation image within the
stow directory, and then stowing proceeds as before.  So effectively,
the file becomes adopted by the stow package, without its contents
changing.

This is particularly useful when the stow package is under the control
of a version control system, because it allows files in the target
tree, with potentially different contents to the equivalent versions
in the stow package's installation image, to be adopted into the
package, then compared by running something like @samp{git diff ...}
inside the stow package, and finally either kept (e.g. via @samp{git
commit ...}) or discarded (@samp{git checkout HEAD ...}).

@cindex dry run
@cindex simulated run
@item -n
@itemx --no
@itemx --simulate
Do not perform any operations that modify the file system; in combination with
@option{-v} can be used to merely show what would happen.

@cindex verbosity levels
@item -v
@itemx --verbose[=@var{n}]
Send verbose output to standard error describing what Stow is
doing.  Verbosity levels are 0, 1, 2, and 3; 0 is the default.  Using
@option{-v} or @option{--verbose} increases the verbosity by one; using
@samp{--verbose=@var{n}} sets it to @var{n}.

@item -p
@itemx --compat
Scan the whole target tree when unstowing.  By default, only
directories specified in the @dfn{installation image} are scanned
during an unstow operation.  Scanning the whole tree can be
prohibitive if your target tree is very large.  This option restores
the legacy behaviour; however, the @option{--badlinks} option to the
@command{chkstow} utility may be a better way of ensuring that your
installation does not have any dangling symlinks (@pxref{Target
Maintenance}).

@item -V
@itemx --version
Show Stow version number, and exit.

@item -h
@itemx --help
Show Stow command syntax, and exit.
@end table

The following @var{action flags} are supported:

@table @samp
@item -D
@itemx --delete
Delete (unstow) the package name(s) that follow this option from the @dfn{target
directory}. This option may be repeated any number of times.

@item -R
@itemx --restow
Restow (first unstow, then stow again) the package names that follow this
option.  This is useful for pruning obsolete symlinks from the target tree
after updating the software in a package. This option may be repeated any
number of times.

@item -S
@item --stow
explictly stow the package name(s) that follow this option.  May be
omitted if you are not using the @option{-D} or @option{-R} options in the
same invocation.  @xref{Mixing Operations}, for details of when you
might like to use this feature. This option may be repeated any number
of times.
@end table


@c ===========================================================================
@node Ignore Lists, Installing Packages, Invoking Stow, Top
@chapter Ignore Lists

@cindex ignore lists
@cindex ignoring files and directories

@menu
* Motivation For Ignore Lists::  
* Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists::  
* Justification For Yet Another Set Of Ignore Files::  
@end menu

@c ===========================================================================
@node Motivation For Ignore Lists, Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists, Ignore Lists, Ignore Lists
@section Motivation For Ignore Lists

In many situations, there will exist files under the package
directories which it would be undesirable to stow into the target
directory.  For example, files related version control such as
@file{.gitignore}, @file{CVS}, @file{*,v} (RCS files) should typically
not have symlinks from the target tree pointing to them.  Also there
may be files or directories relating to the build of the package which
are not needed at run-time.

In these cases, it can be rather cumbersome to specify a
@option{--ignore} parameter for each file or directory to be ignored.
This could be worked around by ensuring the existence of
@file{~/.stowrc} containing multiple @option{--ignore} lines, or if a
different set of files/directories should be ignored depending on
which stow package is involved, a @file{.stowrc} file for each stow
package, but this would require the user to ensure that they were in
the correct directory before invoking stow, which would be tedious and
error-prone.  Furthermore, since Stow shifts parameters from
@file{.stowrc} onto ARGV at run-time, it could clutter up the process
table with excessively long parameter lists, or even worse, exceed the
operating system's limit for process arguments.

@cindex ignore lists
Therefore in addition to @option{--ignore} parameters, Stow provides a
way to specify lists of files and directories to ignore.

@c ===========================================================================
@node Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists, Justification For Yet Another Set Of Ignore Files, Motivation For Ignore Lists, Ignore Lists
@section Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists

If you put Perl regular expressions, one per line, in a
@file{.stow-local-ignore} file within any top level package directory,
in which case any file or directory within that package matching any
of these regular expressions will be ignored.  In the absence of this
package-specific ignore list, Stow will instead use the contents of
@file{~/.stow-global-ignore}, if it exists.  If neither the
package-local or global ignore list exist, Stow will use its own
built-in default ignore list, which serves as a useful example of the
format of these ignore list files:

@example
@verbatiminclude default-ignore-list
@end example

Stow first iterates through the chosen ignore list (built-in, global,
or package-local) as per above, stripping out comments (if you want to
include the @samp{#} symbol in a regular expression, escape it with a
blackslash) and blank lines, placing each regular expressions into one
of two sets depending on whether it contains the @samp{/} forward
slash symbol.

Then in order to determine whether a file or directory should be
ignored:

@enumerate
@item
Stow calculates its path relative to the top-level package directory,
prefixing that with @samp{/}.  If any of the regular expressions
containing a @samp{/} @emph{exactly}@footnote{Exact matching means the
regular expression is anchored at the beginning and end, in contrast
to unanchored regular expressions which will match a substring.} match
a subpath@footnote{In this context, ``subpath'' means a contiguous
subset of path segments; e.g for the relative path
@file{one/two/three}, there are six valid subpaths: @file{one},
@file{two}, @file{three}, @file{one/two}, @file{two/three},
@file{one/two/three}.} of this relative path, then the file or
directory will be ignored.

@item
If none of the regular expressions containing a @samp{/} match in the
manner described above, Stow checks whether the
@emph{basename}@footnote{The ``basename'' is the name of the file or
directory itself, excluding any directory path prefix - as returned by
the @command{basename} command.} of the file or directory matches
@emph{exactly} against the remaining regular expressions which do not
contain a @samp{/}, and if so, ignores the file or directory.

@item
Otherwise, the file or directory is not ignored.
@end enumerate

@c N.B. if you change the examples below, please also consider
@c updating test_examples_in_manual() in t/ignore.t.

For example, if a file @file{bazqux} is in the @file{foo/bar}
subdirectory of the package directory, Stow would use
@samp{/foo/bar/bazqux} as the text for matching against regular
expressions which contain @samp{/}, and @samp{bazqux} as the text for
matching against regular expressions which don't contain @samp{/}.
Then regular expressions @samp{bazqux}, @samp{baz.*}, @samp{.*qux},
@samp{bar/.*x}, and @samp{^/foo/.*qux} would all match (causing the
file to be ignored), whereas @samp{bar}, @samp{baz}, @samp{qux}, and
@samp{o/bar/b} would not (although @samp{bar} would cause its parent
directory to be ignored and prevent Stow from recursing into that
anyway, in which case the file @file{bazqux} would not even be
considered for stowing).

As a special exception to the above algorithm, any
@file{.stow-local-ignore} present in the top-level package directory
is @emph{always} ignored, regardless of the contents of any ignore
list, because this file serves no purpose outside the stow directory.

@c ===========================================================================
@node Justification For Yet Another Set Of Ignore Files,  , Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists, Ignore Lists
@section Justification For Yet Another Set Of Ignore Files

The reader may note that this format is very similar to existing
ignore list file formats, such as those for @command{cvs}, @command{git},
@command{rsync} etc., and wonder if another set of ignore lists is
justified.  However there are good reasons why Stow does not simply
check for the presence of say, @file{.cvsignore}, and use that if it
exists.  Firstly, there is no guarantee that a stow package would
contain any version control meta-data, or permit introducing this if
it didn't already exist.  

Secondly even if it did, version control system ignore lists generally
reflect @emph{build-time} ignores rather than @emph{install-time}, and
there may be some intermediate or temporary files on those ignore
lists generated during development or at build-time which it would be
inappropriate to stow, even though many files generated at build-time
(binaries, libraries, documentation etc.) certainly do need to be
stowed.  Similarly, if a file is @emph{not} in the version control
system's ignore list, there is no way of knowing whether the file is
intended for end use, let alone whether the version control system is
tracking it or not.

Therefore it seems clear that ignore lists provided by version control
systems do not provide sufficient information for Stow to determine
which files and directories to stow, and so it makes sense for Stow to
support independent ignore lists.

@c ===========================================================================
@node Installing Packages, Deleting Packages, Ignore Lists, Top
@chapter Installing Packages

@cindex installation
The default action of Stow is to install a package.  This means creating
symlinks in the target tree that point into the package tree.  Stow
attempts to do this with as few symlinks as possible; in other words, if
Stow can create a single symlink that points to an entire subtree within
the package tree, it will choose to do that rather than create a
directory in the target tree and populate it with symlinks.

@anchor{tree folding}
@section Tree folding
@cindex tree folding
@cindex directory folding
@cindex folding trees
For example, suppose that no packages have yet been installed in
@file{/usr/local}; it's completely empty (except for the @file{stow}
subdirectory, of course).  Now suppose the Perl package is installed.
Recall that it includes the following directories in its installation
image:  @file{bin}; @file{info}; @file{lib/perl}; @file{man/man1}.
Rather than creating the directory @file{/usr/local/bin} and populating
it with symlinks to @file{../stow/perl/bin/perl} and
@file{../stow/perl/bin/a2p} (and so on), Stow will create a
single symlink, @file{/usr/local/bin}, which points to
@file{stow/perl/bin}.  In this way, it still works to refer to
@file{/usr/local/bin/perl} and @file{/usr/local/bin/a2p}, and fewer
symlinks have been created.  This is called @dfn{tree folding}, since an
entire subtree is ``folded'' into a single symlink.

To complete this example, Stow will also create the symlink
@file{/usr/local/info} pointing to @file{stow/perl/info}; the symlink
@file{/usr/local/lib} pointing to @file{stow/perl/lib}; and the symlink
@file{/usr/local/man} pointing to @file{stow/perl/man}.

Now suppose that instead of installing the Perl package into an empty
target tree, the target tree is not empty to begin with.  Instead, it
contains several files and directories installed under a different
system-administration philosophy.  In particular, @file{/usr/local/bin}
already exists and is a directory, as are @file{/usr/local/lib} and
@file{/usr/local/man/man1}.  In this case, Stow will descend into
@file{/usr/local/bin} and create symlinks to
@file{../stow/perl/bin/perl} and @file{../stow/perl/bin/a2p} (etc.),
and it will descend into @file{/usr/local/lib} and create the
tree-folding symlink @file{perl} pointing to
@file{../stow/perl/lib/perl}, and so on.  As a rule, Stow only
descends as far as necessary into the target tree when it can create a
tree-folding symlink.  However, this behaviour can be changed via
the @option{--no-folding} option; @pxref{Invoking Stow}.

@anchor{Tree unfolding}
@section Tree unfolding
@cindex splitting open folded trees
@cindex unfolding trees
@cindex tree unfolding
@cindex tree unsplitting
The time often comes when a tree-folding symlink has to be undone
because another package uses one or more of the folded subdirectories in
its installation image.  This operation is called @dfn{splitting open} or
@dfn{unfolding} a folded tree.  It involves removing the original symlink from
the target tree, creating a true directory in its place, and then populating the
new directory with symlinks to the newly-installed package @emph{and} to
the old package that used the old symlink.  For example, suppose that
after installing Perl into an empty @file{/usr/local}, we wish to
install Emacs.  Emacs's installation image includes a @file{bin}
directory containing the @file{emacs} and @file{etags} executables,
among others.  Stow must make these files appear to be installed
in @file{/usr/local/bin}, but presently @file{/usr/local/bin} is a
symlink to @file{stow/perl/bin}.  Stow therefore takes the
following steps:  the symlink @file{/usr/local/bin} is deleted; the
directory @file{/usr/local/bin} is created; links are made from
@file{/usr/local/bin} to @file{../stow/emacs/bin/emacs} and
@file{../stow/emacs/bin/etags}; and links are made from
@file{/usr/local/bin} to @file{../stow/perl/bin/perl} and
@file{../stow/perl/bin/a2p}.

@section Ownership
@cindex ownership
When splitting open a folded tree, Stow makes sure that the
symlink it is about to remove points inside a valid package in the
current stow directory.  @emph{Stow will never delete anything
that it doesn't own}.  Stow ``owns'' everything living in the
target tree that points into a package in the stow directory.  Anything
Stow owns, it can recompute if lost: symlinks that point into a package in
the stow directory, or directories that only contain symlinks that stow
``owns''.   Note that by this definition, Stow doesn't ``own'' anything
@emph{in} the stow directory or in any of the packages.

@section Conflicts during installation
@cindex conflicts
@cindex installation conflicts
If Stow needs to create a directory or a symlink in the target
tree and it cannot because that name is already in use and is not owned
by Stow, then a @dfn{conflict} has arisen.  @xref{Conflicts}.


@c ===========================================================================
@node Deleting Packages, Conflicts, Installing Packages, Top
@chapter Deleting Packages

@cindex deletion
When the @option{-D} option is given, the action of Stow is to
delete a package from the target tree.  Note that Stow will not
delete anything it doesn't ``own''.  Deleting a package does @emph{not}
mean removing it from the stow directory or discarding the package
tree.

To delete a package, Stow recursively scans the target tree, skipping over any
directory that is not included in the installation image.@footnote{This
approach was introduced in version 2 of GNU Stow.  Previously, the whole
target tree was scanned and stow directories were explicitly omitted.  This
became problematic when dealing with very large installations.  The only
situation where this is useful is if you accidentally delete a directory in
the package tree, leaving you with a whole bunch of dangling links.  Note that
you can enable the old approach with the @option{-p} option.  Alternatively, you can
use the @option{--badlinks} option get stow to search for dangling links in your target tree and remove the offenders manually.}
For example, if the target directory is @file{/usr/local} and the
installation image for the package being deleted has only a @file{bin}
directory and a @file{man} directory at the top level, then we only scan
@file{/usr/local/bin} and  @file{/usr/local/bin/man}, and not
@file{/usr/local/lib} or @file{/usr/local/share}, or for that matter
@file{/usr/local/stow}.  Any symlink it finds that points into the package
being deleted is removed.  Any directory that contained only symlinks to the
package being deleted is removed.

@anchor{tree refolding}
@section Refolding ``foldable'' trees.
@cindex refolding trees
@cindex tree refolding

After removing symlinks and empty subdirectories, any directory that
contains only symlinks to a single other package is considered to be a
previously ``folded'' tree that was ``split open.''  Stow will refold
the tree by removing the symlinks to the surviving package, removing
the directory, then linking the directory back to the surviving
package.  However, this behaviour can be prevented via the
@option{--no-folding} option; @pxref{Invoking Stow}.

@c ===========================================================================
@node Conflicts, Mixing Operations, Deleting Packages, Top
@chapter Conflicts

If, during installation, a file or symlink exists in the target tree and
has the same name as something Stow needs to create, and if the
existing name is not a folded tree that can be split open, then a
@dfn{conflict} has arisen.  A conflict also occurs if a directory exists
where Stow needs to place a symlink to a non-directory.  On the
other hand, if the existing name is merely a symlink that already points
where Stow needs it to, then no conflict has occurred.  (Thus it
is harmless to install a package that has already been installed.)

For complex packages, scanning the stow and target trees in tandem,
and deciding whether to make directories or links, split-open or fold
directories, can actually take a long time (a number of seconds).
Moreover, an accurate analysis of potential conflicts requires us to
take into account all of these operations.

@anchor{Deferred Operation}
@section Deferred Operation

Since version 2.0, Stow now adopts a two-phase algorithm, first
scanning for any potential conflicts before any stowing or unstowing
operations are performed.  If any conflicts are found, they are
displayed and then Stow terminates without making any modifications to
the filesystem.  This means that there is much less risk of a package
being partially stowed or unstowed due to conflicts.

Prior to version 2.0, if a conflict was discovered, the stow or unstow
operation could be aborted mid-flow, leaving the target tree in an
inconsistent state.

@c ===========================================================================
@node Mixing Operations, Multiple Stow Directories, Conflicts, Top
@chapter Mixing Operations

Since version 2.0, multiple distinct actions can be specified in a single
invocation of GNU Stow.  For example, to update an installation of Emacs from
version 21.3 to 21.4a you can now do the following:

@example
stow -D emacs-21.3 -S emacs-21.4a
@end example

@noindent
which will replace emacs-21.3 with emacs-21.4a using a single invocation.

This is much faster and cleaner than performing two separate
invocations of stow, because redundant folding/unfolding operations
can be factored out.  In addition, all the operations are calculated
and merged before being executed (@pxref{Deferred Operation}), so the
amount of of time in which GNU Emacs is unavailable is minimised.

You can mix and match any number of actions, for example,

@example
stow -S pkg1 pkg2 -D pkg3 pkg4 -S pkg5 -R pkg6
@end example

@noindent
will unstow pkg3, pkg4 and pkg6, then stow pkg1, pkg2, pkg5 and pkg6.

@c ===========================================================================
@node Multiple Stow Directories, Target Maintenance, Mixing Operations, Top
@chapter Multiple Stow Directories

If there are two or more system administrators who wish to maintain
software separately, or if there is any other reason to want two or more
stow directories, it can be done by creating a file named @file{.stow}
in each stow directory.  The presence of @file{/usr/local/foo/.stow}
informs Stow that, though @file{foo} is not the current stow
directory, even if it is a subdirectory of the target directory,
nevertheless it is @emph{a} stow directory and as such Stow
doesn't ``own'' anything in it (@pxref{Installing Packages}).  This will
protect the contents of @file{foo} from a @samp{stow -D}, for instance.

@c There is a test for the following case in t/examples.t:

When multiple stow directories share a target tree, if a tree-folding
symlink is encountered and needs to be split open during an
installation, as long as the top-level stow directory into which the
existing symlink points contains @file{.stow}, Stow knows how to split
open the tree in the correct manner.

@c ===========================================================================
@node Target Maintenance, Resource Files, Multiple Stow Directories, Top
@chapter Target Maintenance

From time to time you will need to clean up your target tree.  Since
version 2, Stow provides a new utility @command{chkstow} to help with
this.  It includes three operational modes which performs checks that
would generally be too expensive to be performed during normal stow
execution.

The syntax of the @command{chkstow} command is:

@example
chkstow [@var{options}]
@end example

@noindent
The following options are supported:

@table @samp

@item -t @var{dir}
@itemx --target=@var{dir}
Set the target directory to @var{dir} instead of the parent of the stow
directory.  Defaults to the parent of the stow directory, so it is typical to
execute @command{stow} from the directory @file{/usr/local/stow}.

@item -b
@itemx --badlinks
Checks target directory for bogus symbolic links. That is, links that point to
non-existent files.

@item -a
@itemx --aliens
Checks for files in the target directory that are not symbolic links. The
target directory should be managed by stow alone, except for directories that
contain a @file{.stow} file.

@item -l
@itemx --list
Will display the target package for every symbolic link in the stow target
directory.

@end table

@c ===========================================================================
@node Resource Files, Compile-time vs Install-time, Target Maintenance, Top
@chapter Resource Files

Default command line options may be set in @file{.stowrc} (current directory) or
@file{~/.stowrc} (home directory). These are parsed in that order, and effectively
prepended to you command line.  This feature can be used for some interesting
effects.

For example, suppose your site uses more than one stow directory, perhaps in
order to share around responsibilities with a number of systems
administrators. One of the administrators might have the following in there
@file{~/.stowrc} file:

@example
--dir=/usr/local/stow2
--target=/usr/local
--ignore='~'
--ignore='^CVS'
@end example

so that the @command{stow} command will default to operating on the
@file{/usr/local/stow2} directory, with @file{/usr/local} as the
target, and ignoring vi backup files and CVS directories.

If you had a stow directory @file{/usr/local/stow/perl-extras} that
was only used for Perl modules, then you might place the following in
@file{/usr/local/stow/perl-extras/.stowrc}:

@example
--dir=/usr/local/stow/perl-extras
--target=/usr/local
--override=bin
--override=man
--ignore='perllocal\.pod'
--ignore='\.packlist'
--ignore='\.bs'
@end example

so that the when your are in the @file{/usr/local/stow/perl-extras}
directory, @command{stow} will regard any subdirectories as stow
packages, with @file{/usr/local} as the target (rather than the
immediate parent directory @file{/usr/local/stow}), overriding any
pre-existing links to bin files or man pages, and ignoring some cruft
that gets installed by default.


@c ===========================================================================
@node Compile-time vs Install-time, Bootstrapping, Resource Files, Top
@chapter Compile-time vs Install-time

Software whose installation is managed with Stow needs to be installed
in one place (the package directory, e.g. @file{/usr/local/stow/perl})
but needs to appear to run in another place (the target tree, e.g.,
@file{/usr/local}).  Why is this important?  What's wrong with Perl, for
instance, looking for its files in @file{/usr/local/stow/perl} instead
of in @file{/usr/local}?

The answer is that there may be another package, e.g.,
@file{/usr/local/stow/perl-extras}, stowed under @file{/usr/local}.  If
Perl is configured to find its files in @file{/usr/local/stow/perl}, it
will never find the extra files in the @samp{perl-extras} package, even
though they're intended to be found by Perl.  On the other hand, if Perl
looks for its files in @file{/usr/local}, then it will find the
intermingled Perl and @samp{perl-extras} files.

This means that when you compile a package, you must tell it the
location of the run-time, or target tree; but when you install it, you
must place it in the stow tree.

@section Advice on changing compilation and installation parameters
Some software packages allow you to specify, at compile-time, separate
locations for installation and for run-time.  Perl is one such package;
see @ref{Perl and Perl 5 Modules}.  Others allow you to compile the
package, then give a different destination in the @samp{make install}
step without causing the binaries or other files to get rebuilt.  Most
GNU software falls into this category; Emacs is a notable exception.
@xref{GNU Emacs}, and @ref{Other FSF Software}.

Still other software packages cannot abide the idea of separate
installation and run-time locations at all.  If you try to @samp{make
install prefix=/usr/local/stow/@var{foo}}, then first the whole package
will be recompiled to hardwire the @file{/usr/local/stow/@var{foo}}
path.  With these packages, it is best to compile normally, then run
@samp{make -n install}, which should report all the steps needed to
install the just-built software.  Place this output into a file, edit
the commands in the file to remove recompilation steps and to reflect
the Stow-based installation location, and execute the edited file as a
shell script in place of @samp{make install}.  Be sure to execute the
script using the same shell that @samp{make install} would have used.

(If you use GNU Make and a shell [such as GNU bash] that understands
@command{pushd} and @command{popd}, you can do the following:

@enumerate
@item
Replace all lines matching @samp{make[@var{n}]: Entering directory
@var{dir}} with @samp{pushd @var{dir}}.
@item
Replace all lines matching @samp{make[@var{n}]: Leaving directory
@var{dir}} with @samp{popd}.
@item
Delete all lines matching @samp{make[@var{n}]: Nothing to be done for
@var{rule}}.
@end enumerate

Then find other lines in the output containing @command{cd} or @command{make}
commands and rewrite or delete them.  In particular, you should be able
to delete sections of the script that resemble this:

@example
for i in @var{dir_1} @var{dir_2} @r{@dots{}}; do \
  (cd $i; make @var{args} @r{@dots{}}) \
done
@end example

@noindent
Note, that's ``should be able to,'' not ``can.''  Be sure to modulate
these guidelines with plenty of your own intelligence.

The details of stowing some specific packages are described in the
following sections.

@menu
* GNU Emacs::                   
* Other FSF Software::          
* Cygnus Software::             
* Perl and Perl 5 Modules::     
@end menu

@c ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@node GNU Emacs, Other FSF Software, Compile-time vs Install-time, Compile-time vs Install-time
@section GNU Emacs

Although the Free Software Foundation has many enlightened practices
regarding Makefiles and software installation (see @pxref{Other FSF
Software}), Emacs, its flagship program, doesn't quite follow the
rules.  In particular, most GNU software allows you to write:

@example
make
make install prefix=/usr/local/stow/@var{package}
@end example

@noindent
If you try this with Emacs, then the new value for @var{prefix} in the
@samp{make install} step will cause some files to get recompiled with
the new value of @var{prefix} wired into them.  In Emacs 19.23 and
later,@footnote{As I write this, the current version of Emacs is 19.31.}
the way to work around this problem is:

@example
make
make install-arch-dep install-arch-indep prefix=/usr/local/stow/emacs
@end example

In 19.22 and some prior versions of Emacs, the workaround was:

@example
make
make do-install prefix=/usr/local/stow/emacs
@end example

@c ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@node Other FSF Software, Cygnus Software, GNU Emacs, Compile-time vs Install-time
@section Other FSF Software

The Free Software Foundation, the organization behind the GNU project,
has been unifying the build procedure for its tools for some time.
Thanks to its tools @samp{autoconf} and @samp{automake}, most packages
now respond well to these simple steps, with no other intervention
necessary:

@example
./configure @var{options}
make
make install prefix=/usr/local/stow/@var{package}
@end example

Hopefully, these tools can evolve to be aware of Stow-managed packages,
such that providing an option to @samp{configure} can allow @samp{make}
and @samp{make install} steps to work correctly without needing to
``fool'' the build process.

@c ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@node Cygnus Software, Perl and Perl 5 Modules, Other FSF Software, Compile-time vs Install-time
@section Cygnus Software

Cygnus is a commercial supplier and supporter of GNU software.  It has
also written several of its own packages, released under the terms of
the GNU General Public License; and it has taken over the maintenance of
other packages.  Among the packages released by Cygnus are @samp{gdb},
@samp{gnats}, and @samp{dejagnu}.

Cygnus packages have the peculiarity that each one unpacks into a
directory tree with a generic top-level Makefile, which is set up to
compile @emph{all} of Cygnus' packages, any number of which may reside
under the top-level directory.  In other words, even if you're only
building @samp{gnats}, the top-level Makefile will look for, and try to
build, @file{gdb} and @file{dejagnu} subdirectories, among many others.

The result is that if you try @samp{make -n install
prefix=/usr/local/stow/@var{package}} at the top level of a Cygnus
package, you'll get a bewildering amount of output.  It will then be
very difficult to visually scan the output to see whether the install
will proceed correctly.  Unfortunately, it's not always clear how to
invoke an install from the subdirectory of interest.

In cases like this, the best approach is to run your @samp{make install
prefix=@r{@dots{}}}, but be ready to interrupt it if you detect that it
is recompiling files.  Usually it will work just fine; otherwise,
install manually.

@c ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@node Perl and Perl 5 Modules,  , Cygnus Software, Compile-time vs Install-time
@section Perl and Perl 5 Modules

Perl 4.036 allows you to specify different locations for installation
and for run-time.  It is the only widely-used package in this author's
experience that allows this, though hopefully more packages will adopt
this model.

Unfortunately, the authors of Perl believed that only AFS sites need
this ability.  The configuration instructions for Perl 4 misleadingly
state that some occult means are used under AFS to transport files from
their installation tree to their run-time tree.  In fact, that confusion
arises from the fact that Depot, Stow's predecessor, originated at
Carnegie Mellon University, which was also the birthplace of AFS.  CMU's
need to separate install-time and run-time trees stemmed from its use of
Depot, not from AFS.

The result of this confusion is that Perl 5's configuration script
doesn't even offer the option of separating install-time and run-time
trees @emph{unless} you're running AFS.  Fortunately, after you've
entered all the configuration settings, Perl's setup script gives you
the opportunity to edit those settings in a file called
@file{config.sh}.  When prompted, you should edit this file and replace
occurrences of

@example
inst@r{@dots{}}/usr/local@r{@dots{}}
@end example

@noindent
with

@example
inst@r{@dots{}}/usr/local/stow/perl@r{@dots{}}
@end example

@noindent
You can do this with the following Unix command:

@example
sed 's,^\(inst.*/usr/local\),\1/stow/perl,' config.sh > config.sh.new
mv config.sh.new config.sh
@end example

Hopefully, the Perl authors will correct this deficiency in Perl 5's
configuration mechanism.

Perl 5 modules---i.e., extensions to Perl 5---generally conform to a set
of standards for building and installing them.  The standard says that
the package comes with a top-level @file{Makefile.PL}, which is a Perl
script.  When it runs, it generates a @file{Makefile}.

If you followed the instructions above for editing @file{config.sh} when
Perl was built, then when you create a @file{Makefile} from a
@file{Makefile.PL}, it will contain separate locations for run-time
(@file{/usr/local}) and install-time (@file{/usr/local/stow/perl}).
Thus you can do

@example
perl Makefile.PL
make
make install
@end example

@noindent
and the files will be installed into @file{/usr/local/stow/perl}.
However, you might prefer each Perl module to be stowed separately.  In
that case, you must edit the resulting Makefile, replacing
@file{/usr/local/stow/perl} with @file{/usr/local/stow/@var{module}}.
The best way to do this is:

@example
perl Makefile.PL
find . -name Makefile -print | \
  xargs perl -pi~ -e 's,^(INST.*/stow)/perl,$1/@var{module},;'
make
make install
@end example

@noindent
(The use of @samp{find} and @samp{xargs} ensures that all Makefiles in
the module's source tree, even those in subdirectories, get edited.)  A
good convention to follow is to name the stow directory for a Perl
@var{module} @file{cpan.@var{module}}, where @samp{cpan} stands for
Comprehensive Perl Archive Network, a collection of FTP sites that is
the source of most Perl 5 extensions.  This way, it's easy to tell at a
glance which of the subdirectories of @file{/usr/local/stow} are Perl 5
extensions.

When you stow separate Perl 5 modules separately, you are likely to
encounter conflicts (@pxref{Conflicts}) with files named @file{.exists}
and @file{perllocal.pod}.  One way to work around this is to remove
those files before stowing the module.  If you use the
@file{cpan.@var{module}} naming convention, you can simply do this:

@example
cd /usr/local/stow
find cpan.* \( -name .exists -o -name perllocal.pod \) -print | \
  xargs rm
@end example


@c ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@node Bootstrapping, Reporting Bugs, Compile-time vs Install-time, Top
@chapter Bootstrapping

Suppose you have a stow directory all set up and ready to go:
@file{/usr/local/stow/perl} contains the Perl installation,
@file{/usr/local/stow/stow} contains Stow itself, and perhaps you have
other packages waiting to be stowed.  You'd like to be able to do this:

@example
cd /usr/local/stow
stow -vv *
@end example

@noindent
but @command{stow} is not yet in your @env{PATH}.  Nor can you do this:

@example
cd /usr/local/stow
stow/bin/stow -vv *
@end example

@noindent
because the @samp{#!} line at the beginning of @command{stow} tries to
locate Perl (usually in @file{/usr/local/bin/perl}), and that won't be
found.  The solution you must use is:

@example
cd /usr/local/stow
perl/bin/perl stow/bin/stow -vv *
@end example

@c ===========================================================================
@node Reporting Bugs, Known Bugs, Bootstrapping, Top
@chapter Reporting Bugs

Please send bug reports to the current maintainers by electronic
mail.  The address to use is @samp{}.  Please
include:

@itemize @bullet
@item
the version number of Stow (@samp{stow --version});

@item
the version number of Perl (@samp{perl -v});

@item
the system information, which can often be obtained with @samp{uname
-a};

@item
a description of the bug;

@item
the precise command you gave;

@item
the output from the command (preferably verbose output, obtained by
adding @samp{--verbose=3} to the Stow command line).
@end itemize

If you are really keen, consider developing a minimal test case and
creating a new test.  See the @file{t/} directory in the source for
lots of examples.

Before reporting a bug, please read the manual carefully, especially
@ref{Known Bugs}, to see whether you're encountering
something that doesn't need reporting.
(@pxref{Conflicts}).

@c ===========================================================================
@node Known Bugs, GNU General Public License, Reporting Bugs, Top
@chapter Known Bugs

There are no known bugs in Stow version @value{VERSION}!
If you think you have found one, please @pxref{Reporting Bugs}.

@c @itemize @bullet
@c @item
@c Put known bugs here
@c @end itemize

@c ===========================================================================
@node GNU General Public License, Index, Known Bugs, Top
@unnumbered GNU General Public License

@center Version 2, June 1991

@display
Copyright @copyright{} 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
@end display

@unnumberedsec Preamble

  The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
software---to make sure the software is free for all its users.  This
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
using it.  (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
the GNU Library General Public License instead.)  You can apply it to
your programs, too.

  When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.

  To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.

  For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
you have.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
source code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their
rights.

  We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
distribute and/or modify the software.

  Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
software.  If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
authors' reputations.

  Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
patents.  We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
program proprietary.  To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.

  The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
modification follow.

@iftex
@unnumberedsec TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
@end iftex
@ifinfo
@center TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
@end ifinfo

@enumerate 0
@item
This License applies to any program or other work which contains
a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
under the terms of this General Public License.  The ``Program'', below,
refers to any such program or work, and a ``work based on the Program''
means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
language.  (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
the term ``modification''.)  Each licensee is addressed as ``you''.

Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
covered by this License; they are outside its scope.  The act of
running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.

@item
You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
along with the Program.

You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.

@item
You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:

@enumerate a
@item
You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.

@item
You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
parties under the terms of this License.

@item
If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
License.  (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
@end enumerate

These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.  If
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
sections when you distribute them as separate works.  But when you
distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.

Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
collective works based on the Program.

In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
the scope of this License.

@item
You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:

@enumerate a
@item
Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,

@item
Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
customarily used for software interchange; or,

@item
Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
to distribute corresponding source code.  (This alternative is
allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
received the program in object code or executable form with such
an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
@end enumerate

The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
making modifications to it.  For an executable work, complete source
code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
control compilation and installation of the executable.  However, as a
special exception, the source code distributed need not include
anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
itself accompanies the executable.

If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
compelled to copy the source along with the object code.

@item
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
parties remain in full compliance.

@item
You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
signed it.  However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
distribute the Program or its derivative works.  These actions are
prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.  Therefore, by
modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
the Program or works based on it.

@item
Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
these terms and conditions.  You may not impose any further
restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
this License.

@item
If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot
distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
may not distribute the Program at all.  For example, if a patent
license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.

If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
circumstances.

It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
implemented by public license practices.  Many people have made
generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
impose that choice.

This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
be a consequence of the rest of this License.

@item
If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
countries not thus excluded.  In such case, this License incorporates
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.

@item
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
of the General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
address new problems or concerns.

Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Program
specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and ``any
later version'', you have the option of following the terms and conditions
either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
Software Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of
this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
Foundation.

@item
If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
to ask for permission.  For software which is copyrighted by the Free
Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
make exceptions for this.  Our decision will be guided by the two goals
of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.

@iftex
@heading NO WARRANTY
@end iftex
@ifinfo
@center NO WARRANTY
@end ifinfo

@item
BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW@.  EXCEPT WHEN
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM ``AS IS'' WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE@.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS
TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU@.  SHOULD THE
PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
REPAIR OR CORRECTION.

@item
IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
@end enumerate

@iftex
@heading END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
@end iftex
@ifinfo
@center END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
@end ifinfo

@page
@unnumberedsec How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs

  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.

  To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the ``copyright'' line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.

@smallexample
@var{one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.}
Copyright (C) 19@var{yy}  @var{name of author}

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE@.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
@end smallexample

Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.

If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
when it starts in an interactive mode:

@smallexample
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19@var{yy} @var{name of author}
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
type `show w'.  This is free software, and you are welcome
to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
for details.
@end smallexample

The hypothetical commands @samp{show w} and @samp{show c} should show
the appropriate parts of the General Public License.  Of course, the
commands you use may be called something other than @samp{show w} and
@samp{show c}; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items---whatever
suits your program.

You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
school, if any, to sign a ``copyright disclaimer'' for the program, if
necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:

@smallexample
@group
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
interest in the program `Gnomovision'
(which makes passes at compilers) written
by James Hacker.

@var{signature of Ty Coon}, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
@end group
@end smallexample

This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications
with the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library
General Public License instead of this License.

@node Index,  , GNU General Public License, Top
@unnumbered Index

@printindex cp

@bye
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Stow











Stow




Table of Contents













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Stow




--- The Detailed Node Listing ---


Ignore Lists





Advice on changing compilation and installation parameters






   

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Introduction - Stow

















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1 Introduction



Stow is a tool for managing the installation of multiple software
packages in the same run-time directory tree.  One historical difficulty
of this task has been the need to administer, upgrade, install, and
remove files in independent packages without confusing them with other
files sharing the same file system space.  For instance, it is common to
install Perl and Emacs in /usr/local.  When one does so, one
winds up with the following files1 in /usr/local/man/man1:


     a2p.1
     ctags.1
     emacs.1
     etags.1
     h2ph.1
     perl.1
     s2p.1


   
Now suppose it's time to uninstall Perl.  Which man pages
get removed?  Obviously perl.1 is one of them, but it should not
be the administrator's responsibility to memorize the ownership of
individual files by separate packages.

   
The approach used by Stow is to install each package into its own
tree, then use symbolic links to make it appear as though the files are
installed in the common tree.  Administration can be performed in the
package's private tree in isolation from clutter from other packages. 
Stow can then be used to update the symbolic links.  The structure
of each private tree should reflect the desired structure in the common
tree; i.e. (in the typical case) there should be a bin directory
containing executables, a man/man1 directory containing section 1
man pages, and so on.

   
Stow was inspired by Carnegie Mellon's Depot program, but is
substantially simpler and safer.  Whereas Depot required database files
to keep things in sync, Stow stores no extra state between runs, so
there's no danger (as there was in Depot) of mangling directories when
file hierarchies don't match the database.  Also unlike Depot, Stow will
never delete any files, directories, or links that appear in a Stow
directory (e.g., /usr/local/stow/emacs), so it's always possible
to rebuild the target tree (e.g., /usr/local).

   
For information about the latest version of Stow, you can refer to
http://www.gnu.org/software/stow/.


   




Footnotes
[1] As of Perl 4.036 and Emacs
19.22.


   


   

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2 Terminology


   
A package is a related collection of files and directories that
you wish to administer as a unit — e.g., Perl or Emacs — and that needs
to be installed in a particular directory structure — e.g., with
bin, lib, and man subdirectories.

   
A target directory is the root of a tree in which one or more
packages wish to appear to be installed.  A common, but by no
means the only such location is /usr/local.  The examples in this
manual will use /usr/local as the target directory.

   
A stow directory is the root of a tree containing separate
packages in private subtrees.  When Stow runs, it uses the current
directory as the default stow directory.  The examples in this manual
will use /usr/local/stow as the stow directory, so that
individual packages will be, for example, /usr/local/stow/perl
and /usr/local/stow/emacs.

   
An installation image is the layout of files and directories
required by a package, relative to the target directory.  Thus, the
installation image for Perl includes: a bin directory containing
perl and a2p (among others); an info directory
containing Texinfo documentation; a lib/perl directory containing
Perl libraries; and a man/man1 directory containing man pages.

   
A package directory is the root of a tree containing the
installation image for a particular package.  Each package directory
must reside in a stow directory — e.g., the package directory
/usr/local/stow/perl must reside in the stow directory
/usr/local/stow.  The name of a package is the name of its
directory within the stow directory — e.g., perl.

   
Thus, the Perl executable might reside in
/usr/local/stow/perl/bin/perl, where /usr/local is the
target directory, /usr/local/stow is the stow directory,
/usr/local/stow/perl is the package directory, and
bin/perl within is part of the installation image.

   
A symlink is a symbolic link.  A symlink can be relative or
absolute.  An absolute symlink names a full path; that is, one
starting from /.  A relative symlink names a relative path; that
is, one not starting from /.  The target of a relative symlink is
computed starting from the symlink's own directory.  Stow only
creates relative symlinks.


   

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Invoking Stow - Stow

















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3 Invoking Stow



The syntax of the stow command is:


     stow [options] [action flag] package ...


   
Each package is the name of a package (e.g., ‘perl’) in the stow
directory that we wish to install into (or delete from) the target directory. 
The default action is to install the given packages, although alternate actions
may be specified by preceding the package name(s) with an action flag.


The following options are supported:

     


‘-d dir’
‘--dir=dir’
Set the stow directory to dir.  Defaults to the value of the environment
variable STOW_DIR if set, or the current directory otherwise.

     
‘-t dir’
‘--target=dir’
Set the target directory to dir instead of the parent of the stow
directory.  Defaults to the parent of the stow directory, so it is typical to
execute stow from the directory /usr/local/stow.

     
‘--ignore=regexp’
This (repeatable) option lets you suppress acting on files that match the
given perl regular expression.  For example, using the options

     
          --ignore='*.orig' --ignore='*.dist'


     
will cause stow to ignore files ending in .orig or .dist.

     
Note that the regular expression is anchored to the end of the filename,
because this is what you will want to do most of the time.

     
Also note that by default Stow automatically ignores a “sensible”
built-in list of files and directories such as CVS, editor
backup files, and so on.  See Ignore Lists, for more details.

     
‘--defer=regexp’
This (repeatable) option avoids stowing a file matching the given
regular expression, if that file is already stowed by another package. 
This is effectively the opposite of --override.

     
(N.B. the name --defer was chosen in the sense that the package
currently being stowed is treated with lower precedence than any
already installed package, not in the sense that the operation is
being postponed to be run at a later point in time; do not confuse
this nomenclature with the wording used in Deferred Operation.)

     
For example, the following options

     
          --defer=man --defer=info


     
will cause stow to skip over pre-existing man and info pages.

     
Equivalently, you could use ‘--defer='man|info'’ since the
argument is just a Perl regex.

     
Note that the regular expression is anchored to the beginning of the path
relative to the target directory, because this is what you will want to do most
of the time.

     
‘--override=regexp’
This (repeatable) option forces any file matching the regular expression to be
stowed, even if the file is already stowed to another package. For example,
the following options

     
          --override=man --override=info


     
will permit stow to overwrite links that point to pre-existing man and info
pages that are owned by stow and would otherwise cause a conflict.

     
The regular expression is anchored to the beginning of the path relative to
the target directory, because this is what you will want to do most of the time.

     
‘--no-folding’

This disables any further tree folding or tree refolding. 
If a new subdirectory is encountered whilst stowing a new package, the
subdirectory is created within the target, and its contents are
symlinked, rather than just creating a symlink for the directory.  If
removal of symlinks whilst unstowing a package causes a subtree to be
foldable (i.e. only containing symlinks to a single package), that
subtree will not be removed and replaced with a symlink.

     

‘--adopt’
Warning! This behaviour is specifically intended to alter the
contents of your stow directory.  If you do not want that, this option
is not for you.

     
When stowing, if a target is encountered which already exists but is a
plain file (and hence not owned by any existing stow package), then
normally Stow will register this as a conflict and refuse to proceed. 
This option changes that behaviour so that the file is moved to the
same relative place within the package's installation image within the
stow directory, and then stowing proceeds as before.  So effectively,
the file becomes adopted by the stow package, without its contents
changing.

     
This is particularly useful when the stow package is under the control
of a version control system, because it allows files in the target
tree, with potentially different contents to the equivalent versions
in the stow package's installation image, to be adopted into the
package, then compared by running something like ‘git diff ...’
inside the stow package, and finally either kept (e.g. via ‘git
commit ...’) or discarded (‘git checkout HEAD ...’).

     

‘-n’
‘--no’
‘--simulate’
Do not perform any operations that modify the file system; in combination with
-v can be used to merely show what would happen.

     

‘-v’
‘--verbose[=n]’
Send verbose output to standard error describing what Stow is
doing.  Verbosity levels are 0, 1, 2, and 3; 0 is the default.  Using
-v or --verbose increases the verbosity by one; using
‘--verbose=n’ sets it to n.

     
‘-p’
‘--compat’
Scan the whole target tree when unstowing.  By default, only
directories specified in the installation image are scanned
during an unstow operation.  Scanning the whole tree can be
prohibitive if your target tree is very large.  This option restores
the legacy behaviour; however, the --badlinks option to the
chkstow utility may be a better way of ensuring that your
installation does not have any dangling symlinks (see Target Maintenance).

     
‘-V’
‘--version’
Show Stow version number, and exit.

     
‘-h’
‘--help’
Show Stow command syntax, and exit. 



   
The following action flags are supported:

     


‘-D’
‘--delete’
Delete (unstow) the package name(s) that follow this option from the target
directory. This option may be repeated any number of times.

     
‘-R’
‘--restow’
Restow (first unstow, then stow again) the package names that follow this
option.  This is useful for pruning obsolete symlinks from the target tree
after updating the software in a package. This option may be repeated any
number of times.

     
‘-S’
‘--stow’
explictly stow the package name(s) that follow this option.  May be
omitted if you are not using the -D or -R options in the
same invocation.  See Mixing Operations, for details of when you
might like to use this feature. This option may be repeated any number
of times. 




   

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4 Ignore Lists









   

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4.1 Motivation For Ignore Lists



In many situations, there will exist files under the package
directories which it would be undesirable to stow into the target
directory.  For example, files related version control such as
.gitignore, CVS, *,v (RCS files) should typically
not have symlinks from the target tree pointing to them.  Also there
may be files or directories relating to the build of the package which
are not needed at run-time.

   
In these cases, it can be rather cumbersome to specify a
--ignore parameter for each file or directory to be ignored. 
This could be worked around by ensuring the existence of
~/.stowrc containing multiple --ignore lines, or if a
different set of files/directories should be ignored depending on
which stow package is involved, a .stowrc file for each stow
package, but this would require the user to ensure that they were in
the correct directory before invoking stow, which would be tedious and
error-prone.  Furthermore, since Stow shifts parameters from
.stowrc onto ARGV at run-time, it could clutter up the process
table with excessively long parameter lists, or even worse, exceed the
operating system's limit for process arguments.

   
Therefore in addition to --ignore parameters, Stow provides a
way to specify lists of files and directories to ignore.


   

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4.2 Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists



If you put Perl regular expressions, one per line, in a
.stow-local-ignore file within any top level package directory,
in which case any file or directory within that package matching any
of these regular expressions will be ignored.  In the absence of this
package-specific ignore list, Stow will instead use the contents of
~/.stow-global-ignore, if it exists.  If neither the
package-local or global ignore list exist, Stow will use its own
built-in default ignore list, which serves as a useful example of the
format of these ignore list files:


     # Comments and blank lines are allowed.
     
     RCS
     .+,v
     
     CVS
     \.\#.+       # CVS conflict files / emacs lock files
     \.cvsignore
     
     \.svn
     _darcs
     \.hg
     
     \.git
     \.gitignore
     
     .+~          # emacs backup files
     \#.*\#       # emacs autosave files


   
Stow first iterates through the chosen ignore list (built-in, global,
or package-local) as per above, stripping out comments (if you want to
include the ‘#’ symbol in a regular expression, escape it with a
blackslash) and blank lines, placing each regular expressions into one
of two sets depending on whether it contains the ‘/’ forward
slash symbol.

   
Then in order to determine whether a file or directory should be
ignored:

     
    

  1. Stow calculates its path relative to the top-level package directory,
prefixing that with ‘/’.  If any of the regular expressions
containing a ‘/’ exactly1 match
a subpath2 of this relative path, then the file or
directory will be ignored.

     
  2. If none of the regular expressions containing a ‘/’ match in the
manner described above, Stow checks whether the
basename3 of the file or directory matches
exactly against the remaining regular expressions which do not
contain a ‘/’, and if so, ignores the file or directory.

     
  3. Otherwise, the file or directory is not ignored.
        




   
For example, if a file bazqux is in the foo/bar
subdirectory of the package directory, Stow would use
‘/foo/bar/bazqux’ as the text for matching against regular
expressions which contain ‘/’, and ‘bazqux’ as the text for
matching against regular expressions which don't contain ‘/’. 
Then regular expressions ‘bazqux’, ‘baz.*’, ‘.*qux’,
‘bar/.*x’, and ‘^/foo/.*qux’ would all match (causing the
file to be ignored), whereas ‘bar’, ‘baz’, ‘qux’, and
‘o/bar/b’ would not (although ‘bar’ would cause its parent
directory to be ignored and prevent Stow from recursing into that
anyway, in which case the file bazqux would not even be
considered for stowing).

   
As a special exception to the above algorithm, any
.stow-local-ignore present in the top-level package directory
is always ignored, regardless of the contents of any ignore
list, because this file serves no purpose outside the stow directory.


   




Footnotes
[1] Exact matching means the
regular expression is anchored at the beginning and end, in contrast
to unanchored regular expressions which will match a substring.


   
[2] In this context, “subpath” means a contiguous
subset of path segments; e.g for the relative path
one/two/three, there are six valid subpaths: one,
two, three, one/two, two/three,
one/two/three.


   
[3] The “basename” is the name of the file or
directory itself, excluding any directory path prefix - as returned by
the basename command.


   


   

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4.3 Justification For Yet Another Set Of Ignore Files



The reader may note that this format is very similar to existing
ignore list file formats, such as those for cvs, git,
rsync etc., and wonder if another set of ignore lists is
justified.  However there are good reasons why Stow does not simply
check for the presence of say, .cvsignore, and use that if it
exists.  Firstly, there is no guarantee that a stow package would
contain any version control meta-data, or permit introducing this if
it didn't already exist.

   
Secondly even if it did, version control system ignore lists generally
reflect build-time ignores rather than install-time, and
there may be some intermediate or temporary files on those ignore
lists generated during development or at build-time which it would be
inappropriate to stow, even though many files generated at build-time
(binaries, libraries, documentation etc.) certainly do need to be
stowed.  Similarly, if a file is not in the version control
system's ignore list, there is no way of knowing whether the file is
intended for end use, let alone whether the version control system is
tracking it or not.

   
Therefore it seems clear that ignore lists provided by version control
systems do not provide sufficient information for Stow to determine
which files and directories to stow, and so it makes sense for Stow to
support independent ignore lists.


   

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5 Installing Packages



The default action of Stow is to install a package.  This means creating
symlinks in the target tree that point into the package tree.  Stow
attempts to do this with as few symlinks as possible; in other words, if
Stow can create a single symlink that points to an entire subtree within
the package tree, it will choose to do that rather than create a
directory in the target tree and populate it with symlinks.

   



5.1 Tree folding



For example, suppose that no packages have yet been installed in
/usr/local; it's completely empty (except for the stow
subdirectory, of course).  Now suppose the Perl package is installed. 
Recall that it includes the following directories in its installation
image:  bin; info; lib/perl; man/man1. 
Rather than creating the directory /usr/local/bin and populating
it with symlinks to ../stow/perl/bin/perl and
../stow/perl/bin/a2p (and so on), Stow will create a
single symlink, /usr/local/bin, which points to
stow/perl/bin.  In this way, it still works to refer to
/usr/local/bin/perl and /usr/local/bin/a2p, and fewer
symlinks have been created.  This is called tree folding, since an
entire subtree is “folded” into a single symlink.

   
To complete this example, Stow will also create the symlink
/usr/local/info pointing to stow/perl/info; the symlink
/usr/local/lib pointing to stow/perl/lib; and the symlink
/usr/local/man pointing to stow/perl/man.

   
Now suppose that instead of installing the Perl package into an empty
target tree, the target tree is not empty to begin with.  Instead, it
contains several files and directories installed under a different
system-administration philosophy.  In particular, /usr/local/bin
already exists and is a directory, as are /usr/local/lib and
/usr/local/man/man1.  In this case, Stow will descend into
/usr/local/bin and create symlinks to
../stow/perl/bin/perl and ../stow/perl/bin/a2p (etc.),
and it will descend into /usr/local/lib and create the
tree-folding symlink perl pointing to
../stow/perl/lib/perl, and so on.  As a rule, Stow only
descends as far as necessary into the target tree when it can create a
tree-folding symlink.  However, this behaviour can be changed via
the --no-folding option; see Invoking Stow.

   



5.2 Tree unfolding



The time often comes when a tree-folding symlink has to be undone
because another package uses one or more of the folded subdirectories in
its installation image.  This operation is called splitting open or
unfolding a folded tree.  It involves removing the original symlink from
the target tree, creating a true directory in its place, and then populating the
new directory with symlinks to the newly-installed package and to
the old package that used the old symlink.  For example, suppose that
after installing Perl into an empty /usr/local, we wish to
install Emacs.  Emacs's installation image includes a bin
directory containing the emacs and etags executables,
among others.  Stow must make these files appear to be installed
in /usr/local/bin, but presently /usr/local/bin is a
symlink to stow/perl/bin.  Stow therefore takes the
following steps:  the symlink /usr/local/bin is deleted; the
directory /usr/local/bin is created; links are made from
/usr/local/bin to ../stow/emacs/bin/emacs and
../stow/emacs/bin/etags; and links are made from
/usr/local/bin to ../stow/perl/bin/perl and
../stow/perl/bin/a2p.


5.3 Ownership



When splitting open a folded tree, Stow makes sure that the
symlink it is about to remove points inside a valid package in the
current stow directory.  Stow will never delete anything
that it doesn't own.  Stow “owns” everything living in the
target tree that points into a package in the stow directory.  Anything
Stow owns, it can recompute if lost: symlinks that point into a package in
the stow directory, or directories that only contain symlinks that stow
“owns”.   Note that by this definition, Stow doesn't “own” anything
in the stow directory or in any of the packages.


5.4 Conflicts during installation



If Stow needs to create a directory or a symlink in the target
tree and it cannot because that name is already in use and is not owned
by Stow, then a conflict has arisen.  See Conflicts.


   

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6 Deleting Packages



When the -D option is given, the action of Stow is to
delete a package from the target tree.  Note that Stow will not
delete anything it doesn't “own”.  Deleting a package does not
mean removing it from the stow directory or discarding the package
tree.

   
To delete a package, Stow recursively scans the target tree, skipping over any
directory that is not included in the installation image.1
For example, if the target directory is /usr/local and the
installation image for the package being deleted has only a bin
directory and a man directory at the top level, then we only scan
/usr/local/bin and  /usr/local/bin/man, and not
/usr/local/lib or /usr/local/share, or for that matter
/usr/local/stow.  Any symlink it finds that points into the package
being deleted is removed.  Any directory that contained only symlinks to the
package being deleted is removed.

   



6.1 Refolding “foldable” trees.




After removing symlinks and empty subdirectories, any directory that
contains only symlinks to a single other package is considered to be a
previously “folded” tree that was “split open.”  Stow will refold
the tree by removing the symlinks to the surviving package, removing
the directory, then linking the directory back to the surviving
package.  However, this behaviour can be prevented via the
--no-folding option; see Invoking Stow.


   




Footnotes
[1] This
approach was introduced in version 2 of GNU Stow.  Previously, the whole
target tree was scanned and stow directories were explicitly omitted.  This
became problematic when dealing with very large installations.  The only
situation where this is useful is if you accidentally delete a directory in
the package tree, leaving you with a whole bunch of dangling links.  Note that
you can enable the old approach with the -p option.  Alternatively, you can
use the --badlinks option get stow to search for dangling links in your target tree and remove the offenders manually.


   


   

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7 Conflicts



If, during installation, a file or symlink exists in the target tree and
has the same name as something Stow needs to create, and if the
existing name is not a folded tree that can be split open, then a
conflict has arisen.  A conflict also occurs if a directory exists
where Stow needs to place a symlink to a non-directory.  On the
other hand, if the existing name is merely a symlink that already points
where Stow needs it to, then no conflict has occurred.  (Thus it
is harmless to install a package that has already been installed.)

   
For complex packages, scanning the stow and target trees in tandem,
and deciding whether to make directories or links, split-open or fold
directories, can actually take a long time (a number of seconds). 
Moreover, an accurate analysis of potential conflicts requires us to
take into account all of these operations.

   



7.1 Deferred Operation



Since version 2.0, Stow now adopts a two-phase algorithm, first
scanning for any potential conflicts before any stowing or unstowing
operations are performed.  If any conflicts are found, they are
displayed and then Stow terminates without making any modifications to
the filesystem.  This means that there is much less risk of a package
being partially stowed or unstowed due to conflicts.

   
Prior to version 2.0, if a conflict was discovered, the stow or unstow
operation could be aborted mid-flow, leaving the target tree in an
inconsistent state.


   

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8 Mixing Operations



Since version 2.0, multiple distinct actions can be specified in a single
invocation of GNU Stow.  For example, to update an installation of Emacs from
version 21.3 to 21.4a you can now do the following:


     stow -D emacs-21.3 -S emacs-21.4a


   
which will replace emacs-21.3 with emacs-21.4a using a single invocation.

   
This is much faster and cleaner than performing two separate
invocations of stow, because redundant folding/unfolding operations
can be factored out.  In addition, all the operations are calculated
and merged before being executed (see Deferred Operation), so the
amount of of time in which GNU Emacs is unavailable is minimised.

   
You can mix and match any number of actions, for example,


     stow -S pkg1 pkg2 -D pkg3 pkg4 -S pkg5 -R pkg6


   
will unstow pkg3, pkg4 and pkg6, then stow pkg1, pkg2, pkg5 and pkg6.


   

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9 Multiple Stow Directories



If there are two or more system administrators who wish to maintain
software separately, or if there is any other reason to want two or more
stow directories, it can be done by creating a file named .stow
in each stow directory.  The presence of /usr/local/foo/.stow
informs Stow that, though foo is not the current stow
directory, even if it is a subdirectory of the target directory,
nevertheless it is a stow directory and as such Stow
doesn't “own” anything in it (see Installing Packages).  This will
protect the contents of foo from a ‘stow -D’, for instance.


   
When multiple stow directories share a target tree, if a tree-folding
symlink is encountered and needs to be split open during an
installation, as long as the top-level stow directory into which the
existing symlink points contains .stow, Stow knows how to split
open the tree in the correct manner.


   

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10 Target Maintenance



From time to time you will need to clean up your target tree.  Since
version 2, Stow provides a new utility chkstow to help with
this.  It includes three operational modes which performs checks that
would generally be too expensive to be performed during normal stow
execution.

   
The syntax of the chkstow command is:


     chkstow [options]


   
The following options are supported:

     


‘-t dir’
‘--target=dir’
Set the target directory to dir instead of the parent of the stow
directory.  Defaults to the parent of the stow directory, so it is typical to
execute stow from the directory /usr/local/stow.

     
‘-b’
‘--badlinks’
Checks target directory for bogus symbolic links. That is, links that point to
non-existent files.

     
‘-a’
‘--aliens’
Checks for files in the target directory that are not symbolic links. The
target directory should be managed by stow alone, except for directories that
contain a .stow file.

     
‘-l’
‘--list’
Will display the target package for every symbolic link in the stow target
directory.

   



   

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11 Resource Files



Default command line options may be set in .stowrc (current directory) or
~/.stowrc (home directory). These are parsed in that order, and effectively
prepended to you command line.  This feature can be used for some interesting
effects.

   
For example, suppose your site uses more than one stow directory, perhaps in
order to share around responsibilities with a number of systems
administrators. One of the administrators might have the following in there
~/.stowrc file:


     --dir=/usr/local/stow2
     --target=/usr/local
     --ignore='~'
     --ignore='^CVS'


   
so that the stow command will default to operating on the
/usr/local/stow2 directory, with /usr/local as the
target, and ignoring vi backup files and CVS directories.

   
If you had a stow directory /usr/local/stow/perl-extras that
was only used for Perl modules, then you might place the following in
/usr/local/stow/perl-extras/.stowrc:


     --dir=/usr/local/stow/perl-extras
     --target=/usr/local
     --override=bin
     --override=man
     --ignore='perllocal\.pod'
     --ignore='\.packlist'
     --ignore='\.bs'


   
so that the when your are in the /usr/local/stow/perl-extras
directory, stow will regard any subdirectories as stow
packages, with /usr/local as the target (rather than the
immediate parent directory /usr/local/stow), overriding any
pre-existing links to bin files or man pages, and ignoring some cruft
that gets installed by default.


   

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12 Compile-time vs Install-time



Software whose installation is managed with Stow needs to be installed
in one place (the package directory, e.g. /usr/local/stow/perl)
but needs to appear to run in another place (the target tree, e.g.,
/usr/local).  Why is this important?  What's wrong with Perl, for
instance, looking for its files in /usr/local/stow/perl instead
of in /usr/local?

   
The answer is that there may be another package, e.g.,
/usr/local/stow/perl-extras, stowed under /usr/local.  If
Perl is configured to find its files in /usr/local/stow/perl, it
will never find the extra files in the ‘perl-extras’ package, even
though they're intended to be found by Perl.  On the other hand, if Perl
looks for its files in /usr/local, then it will find the
intermingled Perl and ‘perl-extras’ files.

   
This means that when you compile a package, you must tell it the
location of the run-time, or target tree; but when you install it, you
must place it in the stow tree.


12.1 Advice on changing compilation and installation parameters



Some software packages allow you to specify, at compile-time, separate
locations for installation and for run-time.  Perl is one such package;
see Perl and Perl 5 Modules.  Others allow you to compile the
package, then give a different destination in the ‘make install’
step without causing the binaries or other files to get rebuilt.  Most
GNU software falls into this category; Emacs is a notable exception. 
See GNU Emacs, and Other FSF Software.

   
Still other software packages cannot abide the idea of separate
installation and run-time locations at all.  If you try to ‘make
install prefix=/usr/local/stow/foo’, then first the whole package
will be recompiled to hardwire the /usr/local/stow/foo
path.  With these packages, it is best to compile normally, then run
‘make -n install’, which should report all the steps needed to
install the just-built software.  Place this output into a file, edit
the commands in the file to remove recompilation steps and to reflect
the Stow-based installation location, and execute the edited file as a
shell script in place of ‘make install’.  Be sure to execute the
script using the same shell that ‘make install’ would have used.

   
(If you use GNU Make and a shell [such as GNU bash] that understands
pushd and popd, you can do the following:

     
    

  1. Replace all lines matching ‘make[n]: Entering directory
dir’ with ‘pushd dir’. 

  2. Replace all lines matching ‘make[n]: Leaving directory
dir’ with ‘popd’. 

  3. Delete all lines matching ‘make[n]: Nothing to be done for
rule’.
        


   
Then find other lines in the output containing cd or make
commands and rewrite or delete them.  In particular, you should be able
to delete sections of the script that resemble this:


     for i in dir_1 dir_2 ...; do \
       (cd $i; make args ...) \
     done


   
Note, that's “should be able to,” not “can.”  Be sure to modulate
these guidelines with plenty of your own intelligence.

   
The details of stowing some specific packages are described in the
following sections.





   

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12.2 GNU Emacs



Although the Free Software Foundation has many enlightened practices
regarding Makefiles and software installation (see see Other FSF Software), Emacs, its flagship program, doesn't quite follow the
rules.  In particular, most GNU software allows you to write:


     make
     make install prefix=/usr/local/stow/package


   
If you try this with Emacs, then the new value for prefix in the
‘make install’ step will cause some files to get recompiled with
the new value of prefix wired into them.  In Emacs 19.23 and
later,1
the way to work around this problem is:


     make
     make install-arch-dep install-arch-indep prefix=/usr/local/stow/emacs


   
In 19.22 and some prior versions of Emacs, the workaround was:


     make
     make do-install prefix=/usr/local/stow/emacs


   
   




Footnotes
[1] As I write this, the current version of Emacs is 19.31.


   


   

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12.3 Other FSF Software



The Free Software Foundation, the organization behind the GNU project,
has been unifying the build procedure for its tools for some time. 
Thanks to its tools ‘autoconf’ and ‘automake’, most packages
now respond well to these simple steps, with no other intervention
necessary:


     ./configure options
     make
     make install prefix=/usr/local/stow/package


   
Hopefully, these tools can evolve to be aware of Stow-managed packages,
such that providing an option to ‘configure’ can allow ‘make’
and ‘make install’ steps to work correctly without needing to
“fool” the build process.


   

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12.4 Cygnus Software



Cygnus is a commercial supplier and supporter of GNU software.  It has
also written several of its own packages, released under the terms of
the GNU General Public License; and it has taken over the maintenance of
other packages.  Among the packages released by Cygnus are ‘gdb’,
‘gnats’, and ‘dejagnu’.

   
Cygnus packages have the peculiarity that each one unpacks into a
directory tree with a generic top-level Makefile, which is set up to
compile all of Cygnus' packages, any number of which may reside
under the top-level directory.  In other words, even if you're only
building ‘gnats’, the top-level Makefile will look for, and try to
build, gdb and dejagnu subdirectories, among many others.

   
The result is that if you try ‘make -n install
prefix=/usr/local/stow/package’ at the top level of a Cygnus
package, you'll get a bewildering amount of output.  It will then be
very difficult to visually scan the output to see whether the install
will proceed correctly.  Unfortunately, it's not always clear how to
invoke an install from the subdirectory of interest.

   
In cases like this, the best approach is to run your ‘make install
prefix=...’, but be ready to interrupt it if you detect that it
is recompiling files.  Usually it will work just fine; otherwise,
install manually.


   

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12.5 Perl and Perl 5 Modules



Perl 4.036 allows you to specify different locations for installation
and for run-time.  It is the only widely-used package in this author's
experience that allows this, though hopefully more packages will adopt
this model.

   
Unfortunately, the authors of Perl believed that only AFS sites need
this ability.  The configuration instructions for Perl 4 misleadingly
state that some occult means are used under AFS to transport files from
their installation tree to their run-time tree.  In fact, that confusion
arises from the fact that Depot, Stow's predecessor, originated at
Carnegie Mellon University, which was also the birthplace of AFS.  CMU's
need to separate install-time and run-time trees stemmed from its use of
Depot, not from AFS.

   
The result of this confusion is that Perl 5's configuration script
doesn't even offer the option of separating install-time and run-time
trees unless you're running AFS.  Fortunately, after you've
entered all the configuration settings, Perl's setup script gives you
the opportunity to edit those settings in a file called
config.sh.  When prompted, you should edit this file and replace
occurrences of


     inst.../usr/local...


   
with


     inst.../usr/local/stow/perl...


   
You can do this with the following Unix command:


     sed 's,^\(inst.*/usr/local\),\1/stow/perl,' config.sh > config.sh.new
     mv config.sh.new config.sh


   
Hopefully, the Perl authors will correct this deficiency in Perl 5's
configuration mechanism.

   
Perl 5 modules—i.e., extensions to Perl 5—generally conform to a set
of standards for building and installing them.  The standard says that
the package comes with a top-level Makefile.PL, which is a Perl
script.  When it runs, it generates a Makefile.

   
If you followed the instructions above for editing config.sh when
Perl was built, then when you create a Makefile from a
Makefile.PL, it will contain separate locations for run-time
(/usr/local) and install-time (/usr/local/stow/perl). 
Thus you can do


     perl Makefile.PL
     make
     make install


   
and the files will be installed into /usr/local/stow/perl. 
However, you might prefer each Perl module to be stowed separately.  In
that case, you must edit the resulting Makefile, replacing
/usr/local/stow/perl with /usr/local/stow/module. 
The best way to do this is:


     perl Makefile.PL
     find . -name Makefile -print | \
       xargs perl -pi~ -e 's,^(INST.*/stow)/perl,$1/module,;'
     make
     make install


   
(The use of ‘find’ and ‘xargs’ ensures that all Makefiles in
the module's source tree, even those in subdirectories, get edited.)  A
good convention to follow is to name the stow directory for a Perl
module cpan.module, where ‘cpan’ stands for
Comprehensive Perl Archive Network, a collection of FTP sites that is
the source of most Perl 5 extensions.  This way, it's easy to tell at a
glance which of the subdirectories of /usr/local/stow are Perl 5
extensions.

   
When you stow separate Perl 5 modules separately, you are likely to
encounter conflicts (see Conflicts) with files named .exists
and perllocal.pod.  One way to work around this is to remove
those files before stowing the module.  If you use the
cpan.module naming convention, you can simply do this:


     cd /usr/local/stow
     find cpan.* \( -name .exists -o -name perllocal.pod \) -print | \
       xargs rm


   
   

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13 Bootstrapping



Suppose you have a stow directory all set up and ready to go:
/usr/local/stow/perl contains the Perl installation,
/usr/local/stow/stow contains Stow itself, and perhaps you have
other packages waiting to be stowed.  You'd like to be able to do this:


     cd /usr/local/stow
     stow -vv *


   
but stow is not yet in your PATH.  Nor can you do this:


     cd /usr/local/stow
     stow/bin/stow -vv *


   
because the ‘#!’ line at the beginning of stow tries to
locate Perl (usually in /usr/local/bin/perl), and that won't be
found.  The solution you must use is:


     cd /usr/local/stow
     perl/bin/perl stow/bin/stow -vv *


   
   

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14 Reporting Bugs



Please send bug reports to the current maintainers by electronic
mail.  The address to use is ‘<bug-stow@gnu.org>’.  Please
include:

     
    

  • the version number of Stow (‘stow --version’);

     
  • the version number of Perl (‘perl -v’);

     
  • the system information, which can often be obtained with ‘uname
-a’;

     
  • a description of the bug;

     
  • the precise command you gave;

     
  • the output from the command (preferably verbose output, obtained by
adding ‘--verbose=3’ to the Stow command line). 



   
If you are really keen, consider developing a minimal test case and
creating a new test.  See the t/ directory in the source for
lots of examples.

   
Before reporting a bug, please read the manual carefully, especially
Known Bugs, to see whether you're encountering
something that doesn't need reporting. 
(see Conflicts).


   

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15 Known Bugs



There are no known bugs in Stow version 2.2.0! 
If you think you have found one, please see Reporting Bugs.






   

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GNU General Public License



Version 2, June 1991



     Copyright © 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
     675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
     
     Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
     of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.


   
Preamble



The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
software—to make sure the software is free for all its users.  This
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
using it.  (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
the GNU Library General Public License instead.)  You can apply it to
your programs, too.

   
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.

   
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. 
These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.

   
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
you have.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
source code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their
rights.

   
We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
distribute and/or modify the software.

   
Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
software.  If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
authors' reputations.

   
Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
patents.  We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
program proprietary.  To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.

   
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
modification follow.

     
    

  1. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
under the terms of this General Public License.  The “Program”, below,
refers to any such program or work, and a “work based on the Program”
means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
language.  (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
the term “modification”.)  Each licensee is addressed as “you”.

     
    Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
covered by this License; they are outside its scope.  The act of
running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). 
Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.

     
  2. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
along with the Program.

     
    You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.

     
  3. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:

          
      

    1. You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.

          
    2. You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
parties under the terms of this License.

          
    3. If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
License.  (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
          
    

     
    These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.  If
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
sections when you distribute them as separate works.  But when you
distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.

     
    Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
collective works based on the Program.

     
    In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
the scope of this License.

     
  4. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:

          
      

    1. Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,

          
    2. Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
customarily used for software interchange; or,

          
    3. Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
to distribute corresponding source code.  (This alternative is
allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
received the program in object code or executable form with such
an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
          
    

     
    The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
making modifications to it.  For an executable work, complete source
code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
control compilation and installation of the executable.  However, as a
special exception, the source code distributed need not include
anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
itself accompanies the executable.

     
    If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
compelled to copy the source along with the object code.

     
  5. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. 
However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
parties remain in full compliance.

     
  6. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
signed it.  However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
distribute the Program or its derivative works.  These actions are
prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.  Therefore, by
modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
the Program or works based on it.

     
  7. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
these terms and conditions.  You may not impose any further
restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. 
You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
this License.

     
  8. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot
distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
may not distribute the Program at all.  For example, if a patent
license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.

     
    If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
circumstances.

     
    It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
implemented by public license practices.  Many people have made
generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
impose that choice.

     
    This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
be a consequence of the rest of this License.

     
  9. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
countries not thus excluded.  In such case, this License incorporates
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.

     
  10. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
of the General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
address new problems or concerns.

     
    Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Program
specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and “any
later version”, you have the option of following the terms and conditions
either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
Software Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of
this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
Foundation.

     
  11. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
to ask for permission.  For software which is copyrighted by the Free
Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
make exceptions for this.  Our decision will be guided by the two goals
of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.

     
  12. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS
TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE
PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
REPAIR OR CORRECTION.

     
  13. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
        



How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs



If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.

   
To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the “copyright” line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.


     one line to give the program's name and an idea of what it does.
     Copyright (C) 19yy  name of author
     
     This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
     modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
     as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
     of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
     
     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
     GNU General Public License for more details.
     
     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
     along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
     Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.


   
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.

   
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
when it starts in an interactive mode:


     Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author
     Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
     type `show w'.  This is free software, and you are welcome
     to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
     for details.


   
The hypothetical commands ‘show w’ and ‘show c’ should show
the appropriate parts of the General Public License.  Of course, the
commands you use may be called something other than ‘show w’ and
‘show c’; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items—whatever
suits your program.

   
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
school, if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if
necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:


     Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
     interest in the program `Gnomovision'
     (which makes passes at compilers) written
     by James Hacker.
     
     signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989
     Ty Coon, President of Vice


   
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications
with the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library
General Public License instead of this License.

   

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stow-2.2.0/doc/texinfo.tex0000664000076400007640000072304111663504777012434 00000000000000% texinfo.tex -- TeX macros to handle Texinfo files.
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%
% Copyright (C) 1985, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995,
% 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free
% Software Foundation, Inc.
%
% This texinfo.tex file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
% modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
% published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at
% your option) any later version.
%
% This texinfo.tex file is distributed in the hope that it will be
% useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty
% of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
% General Public License for more details.
%
% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
% along with this texinfo.tex file; see the file COPYING.  If not, write
% to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
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%
% As a special exception, when this file is read by TeX when processing
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%   ftp://tug.org/tex/texinfo.tex
%     (and all CTAN mirrors, see http://www.ctan.org).
% The texinfo.tex in any given distribution could well be out
% of date, so if that's what you're using, please check.
%
% Send bug reports to bug-texinfo@gnu.org.  Please include including a
% complete document in each bug report with which we can reproduce the
% problem.  Patches are, of course, greatly appreciated.
%
% To process a Texinfo manual with TeX, it's most reliable to use the
% texi2dvi shell script that comes with the distribution.  For a simple
% manual foo.texi, however, you can get away with this:
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%   tex foo.texi
%   tex foo.texi
%   dvips foo.dvi -o  # or whatever; this makes foo.ps.
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\let\ptexend=\end
\let\ptexequiv=\equiv
\let\ptexexclam=\!
\let\ptexfootnote=\footnote
\let\ptexgtr=>
\let\ptexhat=^
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% If this character appears in an error message or help string, it
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% Use TeX 3.0's \inputlineno to get the line number, for better error
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% Set up fixed words for English if not already set.
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\ifx\putwordof\undefined        \gdef\putwordof{of}\fi
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\ifx\putwordTOC\undefined       \gdef\putwordTOC{Table of Contents}\fi
%
\ifx\putwordMJan\undefined \gdef\putwordMJan{January}\fi
\ifx\putwordMFeb\undefined \gdef\putwordMFeb{February}\fi
\ifx\putwordMMar\undefined \gdef\putwordMMar{March}\fi
\ifx\putwordMApr\undefined \gdef\putwordMApr{April}\fi
\ifx\putwordMMay\undefined \gdef\putwordMMay{May}\fi
\ifx\putwordMJun\undefined \gdef\putwordMJun{June}\fi
\ifx\putwordMJul\undefined \gdef\putwordMJul{July}\fi
\ifx\putwordMAug\undefined \gdef\putwordMAug{August}\fi
\ifx\putwordMSep\undefined \gdef\putwordMSep{September}\fi
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\chardef\commaChar = `\,
\chardef\dashChar  = `\-
\chardef\dotChar   = `\.
\chardef\exclamChar= `\!
\chardef\lquoteChar= `\`
\chardef\questChar = `\?
\chardef\rquoteChar= `\'
\chardef\semiChar  = `\;
\chardef\underChar = `\_

% Ignore a token.
%
\def\gobble#1{}

% The following is used inside several \edef's.
\def\makecsname#1{\expandafter\noexpand\csname#1\endcsname}

% Hyphenation fixes.
\hyphenation{
  Flor-i-da Ghost-script Ghost-view Mac-OS Post-Script
  ap-pen-dix bit-map bit-maps
  data-base data-bases eshell fall-ing half-way long-est man-u-script
  man-u-scripts mini-buf-fer mini-buf-fers over-view par-a-digm
  par-a-digms rath-er rec-tan-gu-lar ro-bot-ics se-vere-ly set-up spa-ces
  spell-ing spell-ings
  stand-alone strong-est time-stamp time-stamps which-ever white-space
  wide-spread wrap-around
}

% Margin to add to right of even pages, to left of odd pages.
\newdimen\bindingoffset
\newdimen\normaloffset
\newdimen\pagewidth \newdimen\pageheight

% For a final copy, take out the rectangles
% that mark overfull boxes (in case you have decided
% that the text looks ok even though it passes the margin).
%
\def\finalout{\overfullrule=0pt}

% @| inserts a changebar to the left of the current line.  It should
% surround any changed text.  This approach does *not* work if the
% change spans more than two lines of output.  To handle that, we would
% have adopt a much more difficult approach (putting marks into the main
% vertical list for the beginning and end of each change).
%
\def\|{%
  % \vadjust can only be used in horizontal mode.
  \leavevmode
  %
  % Append this vertical mode material after the current line in the output.
  \vadjust{%
    % We want to insert a rule with the height and depth of the current
    % leading; that is exactly what \strutbox is supposed to record.
    \vskip-\baselineskip
    %
    % \vadjust-items are inserted at the left edge of the type.  So
    % the \llap here moves out into the left-hand margin.
    \llap{%
      %
      % For a thicker or thinner bar, change the `1pt'.
      \vrule height\baselineskip width1pt
      %
      % This is the space between the bar and the text.
      \hskip 12pt
    }%
  }%
}

% Sometimes it is convenient to have everything in the transcript file
% and nothing on the terminal.  We don't just call \tracingall here,
% since that produces some useless output on the terminal.  We also make
% some effort to order the tracing commands to reduce output in the log
% file; cf. trace.sty in LaTeX.
%
\def\gloggingall{\begingroup \globaldefs = 1 \loggingall \endgroup}%
\def\loggingall{%
  \tracingstats2
  \tracingpages1
  \tracinglostchars2  % 2 gives us more in etex
  \tracingparagraphs1
  \tracingoutput1
  \tracingmacros2
  \tracingrestores1
  \showboxbreadth\maxdimen \showboxdepth\maxdimen
  \ifx\eTeXversion\undefined\else % etex gives us more logging
    \tracingscantokens1
    \tracingifs1
    \tracinggroups1
    \tracingnesting2
    \tracingassigns1
  \fi
  \tracingcommands3  % 3 gives us more in etex
  \errorcontextlines16
}%

% add check for \lastpenalty to plain's definitions.  If the last thing
% we did was a \nobreak, we don't want to insert more space.
%
\def\smallbreak{\ifnum\lastpenalty<10000\par\ifdim\lastskip<\smallskipamount
  \removelastskip\penalty-50\smallskip\fi\fi}
\def\medbreak{\ifnum\lastpenalty<10000\par\ifdim\lastskip<\medskipamount
  \removelastskip\penalty-100\medskip\fi\fi}
\def\bigbreak{\ifnum\lastpenalty<10000\par\ifdim\lastskip<\bigskipamount
  \removelastskip\penalty-200\bigskip\fi\fi}

% For @cropmarks command.
% Do @cropmarks to get crop marks.
%
\newif\ifcropmarks
\let\cropmarks = \cropmarkstrue
%
% Dimensions to add cropmarks at corners.
% Added by P. A. MacKay, 12 Nov. 1986
%
\newdimen\outerhsize \newdimen\outervsize % set by the paper size routines
\newdimen\cornerlong  \cornerlong=1pc
\newdimen\cornerthick \cornerthick=.3pt
\newdimen\topandbottommargin \topandbottommargin=.75in

% Main output routine.
\chardef\PAGE = 255
\output = {\onepageout{\pagecontents\PAGE}}

\newbox\headlinebox
\newbox\footlinebox

% \onepageout takes a vbox as an argument.  Note that \pagecontents
% does insertions, but you have to call it yourself.
\def\onepageout#1{%
  \ifcropmarks \hoffset=0pt \else \hoffset=\normaloffset \fi
  %
  \ifodd\pageno  \advance\hoffset by \bindingoffset
  \else \advance\hoffset by -\bindingoffset\fi
  %
  % Do this outside of the \shipout so @code etc. will be expanded in
  % the headline as they should be, not taken literally (outputting ''code).
  \setbox\headlinebox = \vbox{\let\hsize=\pagewidth \makeheadline}%
  \setbox\footlinebox = \vbox{\let\hsize=\pagewidth \makefootline}%
  %
  {%
    % Have to do this stuff outside the \shipout because we want it to
    % take effect in \write's, yet the group defined by the \vbox ends
    % before the \shipout runs.
    %
    \indexdummies         % don't expand commands in the output.
    \normalturnoffactive  % \ in index entries must not stay \, e.g., if
               % the page break happens to be in the middle of an example.
               % We don't want .vr (or whatever) entries like this:
               % \entry{{\tt \indexbackslash }acronym}{32}{\code {\acronym}}
               % "\acronym" won't work when it's read back in;
               % it needs to be
               % {\code {{\tt \backslashcurfont }acronym}
    \shipout\vbox{%
      % Do this early so pdf references go to the beginning of the page.
      \ifpdfmakepagedest \pdfdest name{\the\pageno} xyz\fi
      %
      \ifcropmarks \vbox to \outervsize\bgroup
        \hsize = \outerhsize
        \vskip-\topandbottommargin
        \vtop to0pt{%
          \line{\ewtop\hfil\ewtop}%
          \nointerlineskip
          \line{%
            \vbox{\moveleft\cornerthick\nstop}%
            \hfill
            \vbox{\moveright\cornerthick\nstop}%
          }%
          \vss}%
        \vskip\topandbottommargin
        \line\bgroup
          \hfil % center the page within the outer (page) hsize.
          \ifodd\pageno\hskip\bindingoffset\fi
          \vbox\bgroup
      \fi
      %
      \unvbox\headlinebox
      \pagebody{#1}%
      \ifdim\ht\footlinebox > 0pt
        % Only leave this space if the footline is nonempty.
        % (We lessened \vsize for it in \oddfootingyyy.)
        % The \baselineskip=24pt in plain's \makefootline has no effect.
        \vskip 24pt
        \unvbox\footlinebox
      \fi
      %
      \ifcropmarks
          \egroup % end of \vbox\bgroup
        \hfil\egroup % end of (centering) \line\bgroup
        \vskip\topandbottommargin plus1fill minus1fill
        \boxmaxdepth = \cornerthick
        \vbox to0pt{\vss
          \line{%
            \vbox{\moveleft\cornerthick\nsbot}%
            \hfill
            \vbox{\moveright\cornerthick\nsbot}%
          }%
          \nointerlineskip
          \line{\ewbot\hfil\ewbot}%
        }%
      \egroup % \vbox from first cropmarks clause
      \fi
    }% end of \shipout\vbox
  }% end of group with \indexdummies
  \advancepageno
  \ifnum\outputpenalty>-20000 \else\dosupereject\fi
}

\newinsert\margin \dimen\margin=\maxdimen

\def\pagebody#1{\vbox to\pageheight{\boxmaxdepth=\maxdepth #1}}
{\catcode`\@ =11
\gdef\pagecontents#1{\ifvoid\topins\else\unvbox\topins\fi
% marginal hacks, juha@viisa.uucp (Juha Takala)
\ifvoid\margin\else % marginal info is present
  \rlap{\kern\hsize\vbox to\z@{\kern1pt\box\margin \vss}}\fi
\dimen@=\dp#1 \unvbox#1
\ifvoid\footins\else\vskip\skip\footins\footnoterule \unvbox\footins\fi
\ifr@ggedbottom \kern-\dimen@ \vfil \fi}
}

% Here are the rules for the cropmarks.  Note that they are
% offset so that the space between them is truly \outerhsize or \outervsize
% (P. A. MacKay, 12 November, 1986)
%
\def\ewtop{\vrule height\cornerthick depth0pt width\cornerlong}
\def\nstop{\vbox
  {\hrule height\cornerthick depth\cornerlong width\cornerthick}}
\def\ewbot{\vrule height0pt depth\cornerthick width\cornerlong}
\def\nsbot{\vbox
  {\hrule height\cornerlong depth\cornerthick width\cornerthick}}

% Parse an argument, then pass it to #1.  The argument is the rest of
% the input line (except we remove a trailing comment).  #1 should be a
% macro which expects an ordinary undelimited TeX argument.
%
\def\parsearg{\parseargusing{}}
\def\parseargusing#1#2{%
  \def\argtorun{#2}%
  \begingroup
    \obeylines
    \spaceisspace
    #1%
    \parseargline\empty% Insert the \empty token, see \finishparsearg below.
}

{\obeylines %
  \gdef\parseargline#1^^M{%
    \endgroup % End of the group started in \parsearg.
    \argremovecomment #1\comment\ArgTerm%
  }%
}

% First remove any @comment, then any @c comment.
\def\argremovecomment#1\comment#2\ArgTerm{\argremovec #1\c\ArgTerm}
\def\argremovec#1\c#2\ArgTerm{\argcheckspaces#1\^^M\ArgTerm}

% Each occurence of `\^^M' or `\^^M' is replaced by a single space.
%
% \argremovec might leave us with trailing space, e.g.,
%    @end itemize  @c foo
% This space token undergoes the same procedure and is eventually removed
% by \finishparsearg.
%
\def\argcheckspaces#1\^^M{\argcheckspacesX#1\^^M \^^M}
\def\argcheckspacesX#1 \^^M{\argcheckspacesY#1\^^M}
\def\argcheckspacesY#1\^^M#2\^^M#3\ArgTerm{%
  \def\temp{#3}%
  \ifx\temp\empty
    % Do not use \next, perhaps the caller of \parsearg uses it; reuse \temp:
    \let\temp\finishparsearg
  \else
    \let\temp\argcheckspaces
  \fi
  % Put the space token in:
  \temp#1 #3\ArgTerm
}

% If a _delimited_ argument is enclosed in braces, they get stripped; so
% to get _exactly_ the rest of the line, we had to prevent such situation.
% We prepended an \empty token at the very beginning and we expand it now,
% just before passing the control to \argtorun.
% (Similarily, we have to think about #3 of \argcheckspacesY above: it is
% either the null string, or it ends with \^^M---thus there is no danger
% that a pair of braces would be stripped.
%
% But first, we have to remove the trailing space token.
%
\def\finishparsearg#1 \ArgTerm{\expandafter\argtorun\expandafter{#1}}

% \parseargdef\foo{...}
%	is roughly equivalent to
% \def\foo{\parsearg\Xfoo}
% \def\Xfoo#1{...}
%
% Actually, I use \csname\string\foo\endcsname, ie. \\foo, as it is my
% favourite TeX trick.  --kasal, 16nov03

\def\parseargdef#1{%
  \expandafter \doparseargdef \csname\string#1\endcsname #1%
}
\def\doparseargdef#1#2{%
  \def#2{\parsearg#1}%
  \def#1##1%
}

% Several utility definitions with active space:
{
  \obeyspaces
  \gdef\obeyedspace{ }

  % Make each space character in the input produce a normal interword
  % space in the output.  Don't allow a line break at this space, as this
  % is used only in environments like @example, where each line of input
  % should produce a line of output anyway.
  %
  \gdef\sepspaces{\obeyspaces\let =\tie}

  % If an index command is used in an @example environment, any spaces
  % therein should become regular spaces in the raw index file, not the
  % expansion of \tie (\leavevmode \penalty \@M \ ).
  \gdef\unsepspaces{\let =\space}
}


\def\flushcr{\ifx\par\lisppar \def\next##1{}\else \let\next=\relax \fi \next}

% Define the framework for environments in texinfo.tex.  It's used like this:
%
%   \envdef\foo{...}
%   \def\Efoo{...}
%
% It's the responsibility of \envdef to insert \begingroup before the
% actual body; @end closes the group after calling \Efoo.  \envdef also
% defines \thisenv, so the current environment is known; @end checks
% whether the environment name matches.  The \checkenv macro can also be
% used to check whether the current environment is the one expected.
%
% Non-false conditionals (@iftex, @ifset) don't fit into this, so they
% are not treated as enviroments; they don't open a group.  (The
% implementation of @end takes care not to call \endgroup in this
% special case.)


% At runtime, environments start with this:
\def\startenvironment#1{\begingroup\def\thisenv{#1}}
% initialize
\let\thisenv\empty

% ... but they get defined via ``\envdef\foo{...}'':
\long\def\envdef#1#2{\def#1{\startenvironment#1#2}}
\def\envparseargdef#1#2{\parseargdef#1{\startenvironment#1#2}}

% Check whether we're in the right environment:
\def\checkenv#1{%
  \def\temp{#1}%
  \ifx\thisenv\temp
  \else
    \badenverr
  \fi
}

% Evironment mismatch, #1 expected:
\def\badenverr{%
  \errhelp = \EMsimple
  \errmessage{This command can appear only \inenvironment\temp,
    not \inenvironment\thisenv}%
}
\def\inenvironment#1{%
  \ifx#1\empty
    out of any environment%
  \else
    in environment \expandafter\string#1%
  \fi
}

% @end foo executes the definition of \Efoo.
% But first, it executes a specialized version of \checkenv
%
\parseargdef\end{%
  \if 1\csname iscond.#1\endcsname
  \else
    % The general wording of \badenverr may not be ideal, but... --kasal, 06nov03
    \expandafter\checkenv\csname#1\endcsname
    \csname E#1\endcsname
    \endgroup
  \fi
}

\newhelp\EMsimple{Press RETURN to continue.}


%% Simple single-character @ commands

% @@ prints an @
% Kludge this until the fonts are right (grr).
\def\@{{\tt\char64}}

% This is turned off because it was never documented
% and you can use @w{...} around a quote to suppress ligatures.
%% Define @` and @' to be the same as ` and '
%% but suppressing ligatures.
%\def\`{{`}}
%\def\'{{'}}

% Used to generate quoted braces.
\def\mylbrace {{\tt\char123}}
\def\myrbrace {{\tt\char125}}
\let\{=\mylbrace
\let\}=\myrbrace
\begingroup
  % Definitions to produce \{ and \} commands for indices,
  % and @{ and @} for the aux/toc files.
  \catcode`\{ = \other \catcode`\} = \other
  \catcode`\[ = 1 \catcode`\] = 2
  \catcode`\! = 0 \catcode`\\ = \other
  !gdef!lbracecmd[\{]%
  !gdef!rbracecmd[\}]%
  !gdef!lbraceatcmd[@{]%
  !gdef!rbraceatcmd[@}]%
!endgroup

% @comma{} to avoid , parsing problems.
\let\comma = ,

% Accents: @, @dotaccent @ringaccent @ubaraccent @udotaccent
% Others are defined by plain TeX: @` @' @" @^ @~ @= @u @v @H.
\let\, = \c
\let\dotaccent = \.
\def\ringaccent#1{{\accent23 #1}}
\let\tieaccent = \t
\let\ubaraccent = \b
\let\udotaccent = \d

% Other special characters: @questiondown @exclamdown @ordf @ordm
% Plain TeX defines: @AA @AE @O @OE @L (plus lowercase versions) @ss.
\def\questiondown{?`}
\def\exclamdown{!`}
\def\ordf{\leavevmode\raise1ex\hbox{\selectfonts\lllsize \underbar{a}}}
\def\ordm{\leavevmode\raise1ex\hbox{\selectfonts\lllsize \underbar{o}}}

% Dotless i and dotless j, used for accents.
\def\imacro{i}
\def\jmacro{j}
\def\dotless#1{%
  \def\temp{#1}%
  \ifx\temp\imacro \ptexi
  \else\ifx\temp\jmacro \j
  \else \errmessage{@dotless can be used only with i or j}%
  \fi\fi
}

% The \TeX{} logo, as in plain, but resetting the spacing so that a
% period following counts as ending a sentence.  (Idea found in latex.)
%
\edef\TeX{\TeX \spacefactor=1000 }

% @LaTeX{} logo.  Not quite the same results as the definition in
% latex.ltx, since we use a different font for the raised A; it's most
% convenient for us to use an explicitly smaller font, rather than using
% the \scriptstyle font (since we don't reset \scriptstyle and
% \scriptscriptstyle).
%
\def\LaTeX{%
  L\kern-.36em
  {\setbox0=\hbox{T}%
   \vbox to \ht0{\hbox{\selectfonts\lllsize A}\vss}}%
  \kern-.15em
  \TeX
}

% Be sure we're in horizontal mode when doing a tie, since we make space
% equivalent to this in @example-like environments. Otherwise, a space
% at the beginning of a line will start with \penalty -- and
% since \penalty is valid in vertical mode, we'd end up putting the
% penalty on the vertical list instead of in the new paragraph.
{\catcode`@ = 11
 % Avoid using \@M directly, because that causes trouble
 % if the definition is written into an index file.
 \global\let\tiepenalty = \@M
 \gdef\tie{\leavevmode\penalty\tiepenalty\ }
}

% @: forces normal size whitespace following.
\def\:{\spacefactor=1000 }

% @* forces a line break.
\def\*{\hfil\break\hbox{}\ignorespaces}

% @/ allows a line break.
\let\/=\allowbreak

% @. is an end-of-sentence period.
\def\.{.\spacefactor=\endofsentencespacefactor\space}

% @! is an end-of-sentence bang.
\def\!{!\spacefactor=\endofsentencespacefactor\space}

% @? is an end-of-sentence query.
\def\?{?\spacefactor=\endofsentencespacefactor\space}

% @frenchspacing on|off  says whether to put extra space after punctuation.
%
\def\onword{on}
\def\offword{off}
%
\parseargdef\frenchspacing{%
  \def\temp{#1}%
  \ifx\temp\onword \plainfrenchspacing
  \else\ifx\temp\offword \plainnonfrenchspacing
  \else
    \errhelp = \EMsimple
    \errmessage{Unknown @frenchspacing option `\temp', must be on/off}%
  \fi\fi
}

% @w prevents a word break.  Without the \leavevmode, @w at the
% beginning of a paragraph, when TeX is still in vertical mode, would
% produce a whole line of output instead of starting the paragraph.
\def\w#1{\leavevmode\hbox{#1}}

% @group ... @end group forces ... to be all on one page, by enclosing
% it in a TeX vbox.  We use \vtop instead of \vbox to construct the box
% to keep its height that of a normal line.  According to the rules for
% \topskip (p.114 of the TeXbook), the glue inserted is
% max (\topskip - \ht (first item), 0).  If that height is large,
% therefore, no glue is inserted, and the space between the headline and
% the text is small, which looks bad.
%
% Another complication is that the group might be very large.  This can
% cause the glue on the previous page to be unduly stretched, because it
% does not have much material.  In this case, it's better to add an
% explicit \vfill so that the extra space is at the bottom.  The
% threshold for doing this is if the group is more than \vfilllimit
% percent of a page (\vfilllimit can be changed inside of @tex).
%
\newbox\groupbox
\def\vfilllimit{0.7}
%
\envdef\group{%
  \ifnum\catcode`\^^M=\active \else
    \errhelp = \groupinvalidhelp
    \errmessage{@group invalid in context where filling is enabled}%
  \fi
  \startsavinginserts
  %
  \setbox\groupbox = \vtop\bgroup
    % Do @comment since we are called inside an environment such as
    % @example, where each end-of-line in the input causes an
    % end-of-line in the output.  We don't want the end-of-line after
    % the `@group' to put extra space in the output.  Since @group
    % should appear on a line by itself (according to the Texinfo
    % manual), we don't worry about eating any user text.
    \comment
}
%
% The \vtop produces a box with normal height and large depth; thus, TeX puts
% \baselineskip glue before it, and (when the next line of text is done)
% \lineskip glue after it.  Thus, space below is not quite equal to space
% above.  But it's pretty close.
\def\Egroup{%
    % To get correct interline space between the last line of the group
    % and the first line afterwards, we have to propagate \prevdepth.
    \endgraf % Not \par, as it may have been set to \lisppar.
    \global\dimen1 = \prevdepth
  \egroup           % End the \vtop.
  % \dimen0 is the vertical size of the group's box.
  \dimen0 = \ht\groupbox  \advance\dimen0 by \dp\groupbox
  % \dimen2 is how much space is left on the page (more or less).
  \dimen2 = \pageheight   \advance\dimen2 by -\pagetotal
  % if the group doesn't fit on the current page, and it's a big big
  % group, force a page break.
  \ifdim \dimen0 > \dimen2
    \ifdim \pagetotal < \vfilllimit\pageheight
      \page
    \fi
  \fi
  \box\groupbox
  \prevdepth = \dimen1
  \checkinserts
}
%
% TeX puts in an \escapechar (i.e., `@') at the beginning of the help
% message, so this ends up printing `@group can only ...'.
%
\newhelp\groupinvalidhelp{%
group can only be used in environments such as @example,^^J%
where each line of input produces a line of output.}

% @need space-in-mils
% forces a page break if there is not space-in-mils remaining.

\newdimen\mil  \mil=0.001in

% Old definition--didn't work.
%\parseargdef\need{\par %
%% This method tries to make TeX break the page naturally
%% if the depth of the box does not fit.
%{\baselineskip=0pt%
%\vtop to #1\mil{\vfil}\kern -#1\mil\nobreak
%\prevdepth=-1000pt
%}}

\parseargdef\need{%
  % Ensure vertical mode, so we don't make a big box in the middle of a
  % paragraph.
  \par
  %
  % If the @need value is less than one line space, it's useless.
  \dimen0 = #1\mil
  \dimen2 = \ht\strutbox
  \advance\dimen2 by \dp\strutbox
  \ifdim\dimen0 > \dimen2
    %
    % Do a \strut just to make the height of this box be normal, so the
    % normal leading is inserted relative to the preceding line.
    % And a page break here is fine.
    \vtop to #1\mil{\strut\vfil}%
    %
    % TeX does not even consider page breaks if a penalty added to the
    % main vertical list is 10000 or more.  But in order to see if the
    % empty box we just added fits on the page, we must make it consider
    % page breaks.  On the other hand, we don't want to actually break the
    % page after the empty box.  So we use a penalty of 9999.
    %
    % There is an extremely small chance that TeX will actually break the
    % page at this \penalty, if there are no other feasible breakpoints in
    % sight.  (If the user is using lots of big @group commands, which
    % almost-but-not-quite fill up a page, TeX will have a hard time doing
    % good page breaking, for example.)  However, I could not construct an
    % example where a page broke at this \penalty; if it happens in a real
    % document, then we can reconsider our strategy.
    \penalty9999
    %
    % Back up by the size of the box, whether we did a page break or not.
    \kern -#1\mil
    %
    % Do not allow a page break right after this kern.
    \nobreak
  \fi
}

% @br   forces paragraph break (and is undocumented).

\let\br = \par

% @page forces the start of a new page.
%
\def\page{\par\vfill\supereject}

% @exdent text....
% outputs text on separate line in roman font, starting at standard page margin

% This records the amount of indent in the innermost environment.
% That's how much \exdent should take out.
\newskip\exdentamount

% This defn is used inside fill environments such as @defun.
\parseargdef\exdent{\hfil\break\hbox{\kern -\exdentamount{\rm#1}}\hfil\break}

% This defn is used inside nofill environments such as @example.
\parseargdef\nofillexdent{{\advance \leftskip by -\exdentamount
  \leftline{\hskip\leftskip{\rm#1}}}}

% @inmargin{WHICH}{TEXT} puts TEXT in the WHICH margin next to the current
% paragraph.  For more general purposes, use the \margin insertion
% class.  WHICH is `l' or `r'.
%
\newskip\inmarginspacing \inmarginspacing=1cm
\def\strutdepth{\dp\strutbox}
%
\def\doinmargin#1#2{\strut\vadjust{%
  \nobreak
  \kern-\strutdepth
  \vtop to \strutdepth{%
    \baselineskip=\strutdepth
    \vss
    % if you have multiple lines of stuff to put here, you'll need to
    % make the vbox yourself of the appropriate size.
    \ifx#1l%
      \llap{\ignorespaces #2\hskip\inmarginspacing}%
    \else
      \rlap{\hskip\hsize \hskip\inmarginspacing \ignorespaces #2}%
    \fi
    \null
  }%
}}
\def\inleftmargin{\doinmargin l}
\def\inrightmargin{\doinmargin r}
%
% @inmargin{TEXT [, RIGHT-TEXT]}
% (if RIGHT-TEXT is given, use TEXT for left page, RIGHT-TEXT for right;
% else use TEXT for both).
%
\def\inmargin#1{\parseinmargin #1,,\finish}
\def\parseinmargin#1,#2,#3\finish{% not perfect, but better than nothing.
  \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}%
  \ifdim\wd0 > 0pt
    \def\lefttext{#1}%  have both texts
    \def\righttext{#2}%
  \else
    \def\lefttext{#1}%  have only one text
    \def\righttext{#1}%
  \fi
  %
  \ifodd\pageno
    \def\temp{\inrightmargin\righttext}% odd page -> outside is right margin
  \else
    \def\temp{\inleftmargin\lefttext}%
  \fi
  \temp
}

% @include file    insert text of that file as input.
%
\def\include{\parseargusing\filenamecatcodes\includezzz}
\def\includezzz#1{%
  \pushthisfilestack
  \def\thisfile{#1}%
  {%
    \makevalueexpandable
    \def\temp{\input #1 }%
    \expandafter
  }\temp
  \popthisfilestack
}
\def\filenamecatcodes{%
  \catcode`\\=\other
  \catcode`~=\other
  \catcode`^=\other
  \catcode`_=\other
  \catcode`|=\other
  \catcode`<=\other
  \catcode`>=\other
  \catcode`+=\other
  \catcode`-=\other
}

\def\pushthisfilestack{%
  \expandafter\pushthisfilestackX\popthisfilestack\StackTerm
}
\def\pushthisfilestackX{%
  \expandafter\pushthisfilestackY\thisfile\StackTerm
}
\def\pushthisfilestackY #1\StackTerm #2\StackTerm {%
  \gdef\popthisfilestack{\gdef\thisfile{#1}\gdef\popthisfilestack{#2}}%
}

\def\popthisfilestack{\errthisfilestackempty}
\def\errthisfilestackempty{\errmessage{Internal error:
  the stack of filenames is empty.}}

\def\thisfile{}

% @center line
% outputs that line, centered.
%
\parseargdef\center{%
  \ifhmode
    \let\next\centerH
  \else
    \let\next\centerV
  \fi
  \next{\hfil \ignorespaces#1\unskip \hfil}%
}
\def\centerH#1{%
  {%
    \hfil\break
    \advance\hsize by -\leftskip
    \advance\hsize by -\rightskip
    \line{#1}%
    \break
  }%
}
\def\centerV#1{\line{\kern\leftskip #1\kern\rightskip}}

% @sp n   outputs n lines of vertical space

\parseargdef\sp{\vskip #1\baselineskip}

% @comment ...line which is ignored...
% @c is the same as @comment
% @ignore ... @end ignore  is another way to write a comment

\def\comment{\begingroup \catcode`\^^M=\other%
\catcode`\@=\other \catcode`\{=\other \catcode`\}=\other%
\commentxxx}
{\catcode`\^^M=\other \gdef\commentxxx#1^^M{\endgroup}}

\let\c=\comment

% @paragraphindent NCHARS
% We'll use ems for NCHARS, close enough.
% NCHARS can also be the word `asis' or `none'.
% We cannot feasibly implement @paragraphindent asis, though.
%
\def\asisword{asis} % no translation, these are keywords
\def\noneword{none}
%
\parseargdef\paragraphindent{%
  \def\temp{#1}%
  \ifx\temp\asisword
  \else
    \ifx\temp\noneword
      \defaultparindent = 0pt
    \else
      \defaultparindent = #1em
    \fi
  \fi
  \parindent = \defaultparindent
}

% @exampleindent NCHARS
% We'll use ems for NCHARS like @paragraphindent.
% It seems @exampleindent asis isn't necessary, but
% I preserve it to make it similar to @paragraphindent.
\parseargdef\exampleindent{%
  \def\temp{#1}%
  \ifx\temp\asisword
  \else
    \ifx\temp\noneword
      \lispnarrowing = 0pt
    \else
      \lispnarrowing = #1em
    \fi
  \fi
}

% @firstparagraphindent WORD
% If WORD is `none', then suppress indentation of the first paragraph
% after a section heading.  If WORD is `insert', then do indent at such
% paragraphs.
%
% The paragraph indentation is suppressed or not by calling
% \suppressfirstparagraphindent, which the sectioning commands do.
% We switch the definition of this back and forth according to WORD.
% By default, we suppress indentation.
%
\def\suppressfirstparagraphindent{\dosuppressfirstparagraphindent}
\def\insertword{insert}
%
\parseargdef\firstparagraphindent{%
  \def\temp{#1}%
  \ifx\temp\noneword
    \let\suppressfirstparagraphindent = \dosuppressfirstparagraphindent
  \else\ifx\temp\insertword
    \let\suppressfirstparagraphindent = \relax
  \else
    \errhelp = \EMsimple
    \errmessage{Unknown @firstparagraphindent option `\temp'}%
  \fi\fi
}

% Here is how we actually suppress indentation.  Redefine \everypar to
% \kern backwards by \parindent, and then reset itself to empty.
%
% We also make \indent itself not actually do anything until the next
% paragraph.
%
\gdef\dosuppressfirstparagraphindent{%
  \gdef\indent{%
    \restorefirstparagraphindent
    \indent
  }%
  \gdef\noindent{%
    \restorefirstparagraphindent
    \noindent
  }%
  \global\everypar = {%
    \kern -\parindent
    \restorefirstparagraphindent
  }%
}

\gdef\restorefirstparagraphindent{%
  \global \let \indent = \ptexindent
  \global \let \noindent = \ptexnoindent
  \global \everypar = {}%
}


% @asis just yields its argument.  Used with @table, for example.
%
\def\asis#1{#1}

% @math outputs its argument in math mode.
%
% One complication: _ usually means subscripts, but it could also mean
% an actual _ character, as in @math{@var{some_variable} + 1}.  So make
% _ active, and distinguish by seeing if the current family is \slfam,
% which is what @var uses.
{
  \catcode`\_ = \active
  \gdef\mathunderscore{%
    \catcode`\_=\active
    \def_{\ifnum\fam=\slfam \_\else\sb\fi}%
  }
}
% Another complication: we want \\ (and @\) to output a \ character.
% FYI, plain.tex uses \\ as a temporary control sequence (why?), but
% this is not advertised and we don't care.  Texinfo does not
% otherwise define @\.
%
% The \mathchar is class=0=ordinary, family=7=ttfam, position=5C=\.
\def\mathbackslash{\ifnum\fam=\ttfam \mathchar"075C \else\backslash \fi}
%
\def\math{%
  \tex
  \mathunderscore
  \let\\ = \mathbackslash
  \mathactive
  $\finishmath
}
\def\finishmath#1{#1$\endgroup}  % Close the group opened by \tex.

% Some active characters (such as <) are spaced differently in math.
% We have to reset their definitions in case the @math was an argument
% to a command which sets the catcodes (such as @item or @section).
%
{
  \catcode`^ = \active
  \catcode`< = \active
  \catcode`> = \active
  \catcode`+ = \active
  \gdef\mathactive{%
    \let^ = \ptexhat
    \let< = \ptexless
    \let> = \ptexgtr
    \let+ = \ptexplus
  }
}

% @bullet and @minus need the same treatment as @math, just above.
\def\bullet{$\ptexbullet$}
\def\minus{$-$}

% @dots{} outputs an ellipsis using the current font.
% We do .5em per period so that it has the same spacing in the cm
% typewriter fonts as three actual period characters; on the other hand,
% in other typewriter fonts three periods are wider than 1.5em.  So do
% whichever is larger.
%
\def\dots{%
  \leavevmode
  \setbox0=\hbox{...}% get width of three periods
  \ifdim\wd0 > 1.5em
    \dimen0 = \wd0
  \else
    \dimen0 = 1.5em
  \fi
  \hbox to \dimen0{%
    \hskip 0pt plus.25fil
    .\hskip 0pt plus1fil
    .\hskip 0pt plus1fil
    .\hskip 0pt plus.5fil
  }%
}

% @enddots{} is an end-of-sentence ellipsis.
%
\def\enddots{%
  \dots
  \spacefactor=\endofsentencespacefactor
}

% @comma{} is so commas can be inserted into text without messing up
% Texinfo's parsing.
%
\let\comma = ,

% @refill is a no-op.
\let\refill=\relax

% If working on a large document in chapters, it is convenient to
% be able to disable indexing, cross-referencing, and contents, for test runs.
% This is done with @novalidate (before @setfilename).
%
\newif\iflinks \linkstrue % by default we want the aux files.
\let\novalidate = \linksfalse

% @setfilename is done at the beginning of every texinfo file.
% So open here the files we need to have open while reading the input.
% This makes it possible to make a .fmt file for texinfo.
\def\setfilename{%
   \fixbackslash  % Turn off hack to swallow `\input texinfo'.
   \iflinks
     \tryauxfile
     % Open the new aux file.  TeX will close it automatically at exit.
     \immediate\openout\auxfile=\jobname.aux
   \fi % \openindices needs to do some work in any case.
   \openindices
   \let\setfilename=\comment % Ignore extra @setfilename cmds.
   %
   % If texinfo.cnf is present on the system, read it.
   % Useful for site-wide @afourpaper, etc.
   \openin 1 texinfo.cnf
   \ifeof 1 \else \input texinfo.cnf \fi
   \closein 1
   %
   \comment % Ignore the actual filename.
}

% Called from \setfilename.
%
\def\openindices{%
  \newindex{cp}%
  \newcodeindex{fn}%
  \newcodeindex{vr}%
  \newcodeindex{tp}%
  \newcodeindex{ky}%
  \newcodeindex{pg}%
}

% @bye.
\outer\def\bye{\pagealignmacro\tracingstats=1\ptexend}


\message{pdf,}
% adobe `portable' document format
\newcount\tempnum
\newcount\lnkcount
\newtoks\filename
\newcount\filenamelength
\newcount\pgn
\newtoks\toksA
\newtoks\toksB
\newtoks\toksC
\newtoks\toksD
\newbox\boxA
\newcount\countA
\newif\ifpdf
\newif\ifpdfmakepagedest

% when pdftex is run in dvi mode, \pdfoutput is defined (so \pdfoutput=1
% can be set).  So we test for \relax and 0 as well as \undefined,
% borrowed from ifpdf.sty.
\ifx\pdfoutput\undefined
\else
  \ifx\pdfoutput\relax
  \else
    \ifcase\pdfoutput
    \else
      \pdftrue
    \fi
  \fi
\fi

% PDF uses PostScript string constants for the names of xref targets,
% for display in the outlines, and in other places.  Thus, we have to
% double any backslashes.  Otherwise, a name like "\node" will be
% interpreted as a newline (\n), followed by o, d, e.  Not good.
% http://www.ntg.nl/pipermail/ntg-pdftex/2004-July/000654.html
% (and related messages, the final outcome is that it is up to the TeX
% user to double the backslashes and otherwise make the string valid, so
% that's what we do).

% double active backslashes.
%
{\catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=\active
 @gdef@activebackslashdouble{%
   @catcode`@\=@active
   @let\=@doublebackslash}
}

% To handle parens, we must adopt a different approach, since parens are
% not active characters.  hyperref.dtx (which has the same problem as
% us) handles it with this amazing macro to replace tokens.  I've
% tinkered with it a little for texinfo, but it's definitely from there.
%
% #1 is the tokens to replace.
% #2 is the replacement.
% #3 is the control sequence with the string.
%
\def\HyPsdSubst#1#2#3{%
  \def\HyPsdReplace##1#1##2\END{%
    ##1%
    \ifx\\##2\\%
    \else
      #2%
      \HyReturnAfterFi{%
        \HyPsdReplace##2\END
      }%
    \fi
  }%
  \xdef#3{\expandafter\HyPsdReplace#3#1\END}%
}
\long\def\HyReturnAfterFi#1\fi{\fi#1}

% #1 is a control sequence in which to do the replacements.
\def\backslashparens#1{%
  \xdef#1{#1}% redefine it as its expansion; the definition is simply
             % \lastnode when called from \setref -> \pdfmkdest.
  \HyPsdSubst{(}{\realbackslash(}{#1}%
  \HyPsdSubst{)}{\realbackslash)}{#1}%
}

\ifpdf
  \input pdfcolor
  \pdfcatalog{/PageMode /UseOutlines}%
  % #1 is image name, #2 width (might be empty/whitespace), #3 height (ditto).
  \def\dopdfimage#1#2#3{%
    \def\imagewidth{#2}\setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}%
    \def\imageheight{#3}\setbox2 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #3}%
    % without \immediate, pdftex seg faults when the same image is
    % included twice.  (Version 3.14159-pre-1.0-unofficial-20010704.)
    \ifnum\pdftexversion < 14
      \immediate\pdfimage
    \else
      \immediate\pdfximage
    \fi
      \ifdim \wd0 >0pt width \imagewidth \fi
      \ifdim \wd2 >0pt height \imageheight \fi
      \ifnum\pdftexversion<13
         #1.pdf%
       \else
         {#1.pdf}%
       \fi
    \ifnum\pdftexversion < 14 \else
      \pdfrefximage \pdflastximage
    \fi}
  \def\pdfmkdest#1{{%
    % We have to set dummies so commands such as @code, and characters
    % such as \, aren't expanded when present in a section title.
    \atdummies
    \activebackslashdouble
    \def\pdfdestname{#1}%
    \backslashparens\pdfdestname
    \pdfdest name{\pdfdestname} xyz%
  }}%
  %
  % used to mark target names; must be expandable.
  \def\pdfmkpgn#1{#1}%
  %
  \let\linkcolor = \Blue  % was Cyan, but that seems light?
  \def\endlink{\Black\pdfendlink}
  % Adding outlines to PDF; macros for calculating structure of outlines
  % come from Petr Olsak
  \def\expnumber#1{\expandafter\ifx\csname#1\endcsname\relax 0%
    \else \csname#1\endcsname \fi}
  \def\advancenumber#1{\tempnum=\expnumber{#1}\relax
    \advance\tempnum by 1
    \expandafter\xdef\csname#1\endcsname{\the\tempnum}}
  %
  % #1 is the section text, which is what will be displayed in the
  % outline by the pdf viewer.  #2 is the pdf expression for the number
  % of subentries (or empty, for subsubsections).  #3 is the node text,
  % which might be empty if this toc entry had no corresponding node.
  % #4 is the page number
  %
  \def\dopdfoutline#1#2#3#4{%
    % Generate a link to the node text if that exists; else, use the
    % page number.  We could generate a destination for the section
    % text in the case where a section has no node, but it doesn't
    % seem worth the trouble, since most documents are normally structured.
    \def\pdfoutlinedest{#3}%
    \ifx\pdfoutlinedest\empty
      \def\pdfoutlinedest{#4}%
    \else
      % Doubled backslashes in the name.
      {\activebackslashdouble \xdef\pdfoutlinedest{#3}%
       \backslashparens\pdfoutlinedest}%
    \fi
    %
    % Also double the backslashes in the display string.
    {\activebackslashdouble \xdef\pdfoutlinetext{#1}%
     \backslashparens\pdfoutlinetext}%
    %
    \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{\pdfoutlinedest}}#2{\pdfoutlinetext}%
  }
  %
  \def\pdfmakeoutlines{%
    \begingroup
      % Thanh's hack / proper braces in bookmarks
      \edef\mylbrace{\iftrue \string{\else}\fi}\let\{=\mylbrace
      \edef\myrbrace{\iffalse{\else\string}\fi}\let\}=\myrbrace
      %
      % Read toc silently, to get counts of subentries for \pdfoutline.
      \def\numchapentry##1##2##3##4{%
	\def\thischapnum{##2}%
	\def\thissecnum{0}%
	\def\thissubsecnum{0}%
      }%
      \def\numsecentry##1##2##3##4{%
	\advancenumber{chap\thischapnum}%
	\def\thissecnum{##2}%
	\def\thissubsecnum{0}%
      }%
      \def\numsubsecentry##1##2##3##4{%
	\advancenumber{sec\thissecnum}%
	\def\thissubsecnum{##2}%
      }%
      \def\numsubsubsecentry##1##2##3##4{%
	\advancenumber{subsec\thissubsecnum}%
      }%
      \def\thischapnum{0}%
      \def\thissecnum{0}%
      \def\thissubsecnum{0}%
      %
      % use \def rather than \let here because we redefine \chapentry et
      % al. a second time, below.
      \def\appentry{\numchapentry}%
      \def\appsecentry{\numsecentry}%
      \def\appsubsecentry{\numsubsecentry}%
      \def\appsubsubsecentry{\numsubsubsecentry}%
      \def\unnchapentry{\numchapentry}%
      \def\unnsecentry{\numsecentry}%
      \def\unnsubsecentry{\numsubsecentry}%
      \def\unnsubsubsecentry{\numsubsubsecentry}%
      \readdatafile{toc}%
      %
      % Read toc second time, this time actually producing the outlines.
      % The `-' means take the \expnumber as the absolute number of
      % subentries, which we calculated on our first read of the .toc above.
      %
      % We use the node names as the destinations.
      \def\numchapentry##1##2##3##4{%
        \dopdfoutline{##1}{count-\expnumber{chap##2}}{##3}{##4}}%
      \def\numsecentry##1##2##3##4{%
        \dopdfoutline{##1}{count-\expnumber{sec##2}}{##3}{##4}}%
      \def\numsubsecentry##1##2##3##4{%
        \dopdfoutline{##1}{count-\expnumber{subsec##2}}{##3}{##4}}%
      \def\numsubsubsecentry##1##2##3##4{% count is always zero
        \dopdfoutline{##1}{}{##3}{##4}}%
      %
      % PDF outlines are displayed using system fonts, instead of
      % document fonts.  Therefore we cannot use special characters,
      % since the encoding is unknown.  For example, the eogonek from
      % Latin 2 (0xea) gets translated to a | character.  Info from
      % Staszek Wawrykiewicz, 19 Jan 2004 04:09:24 +0100.
      %
      % xx to do this right, we have to translate 8-bit characters to
      % their "best" equivalent, based on the @documentencoding.  Right
      % now, I guess we'll just let the pdf reader have its way.
      \indexnofonts
      \setupdatafile
      \catcode`\\=\active \otherbackslash
      \input \jobname.toc
    \endgroup
  }
  %
  \def\skipspaces#1{\def\PP{#1}\def\D{|}%
    \ifx\PP\D\let\nextsp\relax
    \else\let\nextsp\skipspaces
      \ifx\p\space\else\addtokens{\filename}{\PP}%
        \advance\filenamelength by 1
      \fi
    \fi
    \nextsp}
  \def\getfilename#1{\filenamelength=0\expandafter\skipspaces#1|\relax}
  \ifnum\pdftexversion < 14
    \let \startlink \pdfannotlink
  \else
    \let \startlink \pdfstartlink
  \fi
  % make a live url in pdf output.
  \def\pdfurl#1{%
    \begingroup
      % it seems we really need yet another set of dummies; have not
      % tried to figure out what each command should do in the context
      % of @url.  for now, just make @/ a no-op, that's the only one
      % people have actually reported a problem with.
      %
      \normalturnoffactive
      \def\@{@}%
      \let\/=\empty
      \makevalueexpandable
      \leavevmode\Red
      \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]}%
        user{/Subtype /Link /A << /S /URI /URI (#1) >>}%
    \endgroup}
  \def\pdfgettoks#1.{\setbox\boxA=\hbox{\toksA={#1.}\toksB={}\maketoks}}
  \def\addtokens#1#2{\edef\addtoks{\noexpand#1={\the#1#2}}\addtoks}
  \def\adn#1{\addtokens{\toksC}{#1}\global\countA=1\let\next=\maketoks}
  \def\poptoks#1#2|ENDTOKS|{\let\first=#1\toksD={#1}\toksA={#2}}
  \def\maketoks{%
    \expandafter\poptoks\the\toksA|ENDTOKS|\relax
    \ifx\first0\adn0
    \else\ifx\first1\adn1 \else\ifx\first2\adn2 \else\ifx\first3\adn3
    \else\ifx\first4\adn4 \else\ifx\first5\adn5 \else\ifx\first6\adn6
    \else\ifx\first7\adn7 \else\ifx\first8\adn8 \else\ifx\first9\adn9
    \else
      \ifnum0=\countA\else\makelink\fi
      \ifx\first.\let\next=\done\else
        \let\next=\maketoks
        \addtokens{\toksB}{\the\toksD}
        \ifx\first,\addtokens{\toksB}{\space}\fi
      \fi
    \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi
    \next}
  \def\makelink{\addtokens{\toksB}%
    {\noexpand\pdflink{\the\toksC}}\toksC={}\global\countA=0}
  \def\pdflink#1{%
    \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]} goto name{\pdfmkpgn{#1}}
    \linkcolor #1\endlink}
  \def\done{\edef\st{\global\noexpand\toksA={\the\toksB}}\st}
\else
  \let\pdfmkdest = \gobble
  \let\pdfurl = \gobble
  \let\endlink = \relax
  \let\linkcolor = \relax
  \let\pdfmakeoutlines = \relax
\fi  % \ifx\pdfoutput


\message{fonts,}

% Change the current font style to #1, remembering it in \curfontstyle.
% For now, we do not accumulate font styles: @b{@i{foo}} prints foo in
% italics, not bold italics.
%
\def\setfontstyle#1{%
  \def\curfontstyle{#1}% not as a control sequence, because we are \edef'd.
  \csname ten#1\endcsname  % change the current font
}

% Select #1 fonts with the current style.
%
\def\selectfonts#1{\csname #1fonts\endcsname \csname\curfontstyle\endcsname}

\def\rm{\fam=0 \setfontstyle{rm}}
\def\it{\fam=\itfam \setfontstyle{it}}
\def\sl{\fam=\slfam \setfontstyle{sl}}
\def\bf{\fam=\bffam \setfontstyle{bf}}\def\bfstylename{bf}
\def\tt{\fam=\ttfam \setfontstyle{tt}}

% Texinfo sort of supports the sans serif font style, which plain TeX does not.
% So we set up a \sf.
\newfam\sffam
\def\sf{\fam=\sffam \setfontstyle{sf}}
\let\li = \sf % Sometimes we call it \li, not \sf.

% We don't need math for this font style.
\def\ttsl{\setfontstyle{ttsl}}


% Default leading.
\newdimen\textleading  \textleading = 13.2pt

% Set the baselineskip to #1, and the lineskip and strut size
% correspondingly.  There is no deep meaning behind these magic numbers
% used as factors; they just match (closely enough) what Knuth defined.
%
\def\lineskipfactor{.08333}
\def\strutheightpercent{.70833}
\def\strutdepthpercent {.29167}
%
\def\setleading#1{%
  \normalbaselineskip = #1\relax
  \normallineskip = \lineskipfactor\normalbaselineskip
  \normalbaselines
  \setbox\strutbox =\hbox{%
    \vrule width0pt height\strutheightpercent\baselineskip
                    depth \strutdepthpercent \baselineskip
  }%
}


% Set the font macro #1 to the font named #2, adding on the
% specified font prefix (normally `cm').
% #3 is the font's design size, #4 is a scale factor
\def\setfont#1#2#3#4{\font#1=\fontprefix#2#3 scaled #4}


% Use cm as the default font prefix.
% To specify the font prefix, you must define \fontprefix
% before you read in texinfo.tex.
\ifx\fontprefix\undefined
\def\fontprefix{cm}
\fi
% Support font families that don't use the same naming scheme as CM.
\def\rmshape{r}
\def\rmbshape{bx}               %where the normal face is bold
\def\bfshape{b}
\def\bxshape{bx}
\def\ttshape{tt}
\def\ttbshape{tt}
\def\ttslshape{sltt}
\def\itshape{ti}
\def\itbshape{bxti}
\def\slshape{sl}
\def\slbshape{bxsl}
\def\sfshape{ss}
\def\sfbshape{ss}
\def\scshape{csc}
\def\scbshape{csc}

% Definitions for a main text size of 11pt.  This is the default in
% Texinfo.
%
\def\definetextfontsizexi{
% Text fonts (11.2pt, magstep1).
\def\textnominalsize{11pt}
\edef\mainmagstep{\magstephalf}
\setfont\textrm\rmshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\setfont\texttt\ttshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\setfont\textbf\bfshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\setfont\textit\itshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\setfont\textsl\slshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\setfont\textsf\sfshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\setfont\textsc\scshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\setfont\textttsl\ttslshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\font\texti=cmmi10 scaled \mainmagstep
\font\textsy=cmsy10 scaled \mainmagstep

% A few fonts for @defun names and args.
\setfont\defbf\bfshape{10}{\magstep1}
\setfont\deftt\ttshape{10}{\magstep1}
\setfont\defttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep1}
\def\df{\let\tentt=\deftt \let\tenbf = \defbf \let\tenttsl=\defttsl \bf}

% Fonts for indices, footnotes, small examples (9pt).
\def\smallnominalsize{9pt}
\setfont\smallrm\rmshape{9}{1000}
\setfont\smalltt\ttshape{9}{1000}
\setfont\smallbf\bfshape{10}{900}
\setfont\smallit\itshape{9}{1000}
\setfont\smallsl\slshape{9}{1000}
\setfont\smallsf\sfshape{9}{1000}
\setfont\smallsc\scshape{10}{900}
\setfont\smallttsl\ttslshape{10}{900}
\font\smalli=cmmi9
\font\smallsy=cmsy9

% Fonts for small examples (8pt).
\def\smallernominalsize{8pt}
\setfont\smallerrm\rmshape{8}{1000}
\setfont\smallertt\ttshape{8}{1000}
\setfont\smallerbf\bfshape{10}{800}
\setfont\smallerit\itshape{8}{1000}
\setfont\smallersl\slshape{8}{1000}
\setfont\smallersf\sfshape{8}{1000}
\setfont\smallersc\scshape{10}{800}
\setfont\smallerttsl\ttslshape{10}{800}
\font\smalleri=cmmi8
\font\smallersy=cmsy8

% Fonts for title page (20.4pt):
\def\titlenominalsize{20pt}
\setfont\titlerm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep3}
\setfont\titleit\itbshape{10}{\magstep4}
\setfont\titlesl\slbshape{10}{\magstep4}
\setfont\titlett\ttbshape{12}{\magstep3}
\setfont\titlettsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep4}
\setfont\titlesf\sfbshape{17}{\magstep1}
\let\titlebf=\titlerm
\setfont\titlesc\scbshape{10}{\magstep4}
\font\titlei=cmmi12 scaled \magstep3
\font\titlesy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep4
\def\authorrm{\secrm}
\def\authortt{\sectt}

% Chapter (and unnumbered) fonts (17.28pt).
\def\chapnominalsize{17pt}
\setfont\chaprm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep2}
\setfont\chapit\itbshape{10}{\magstep3}
\setfont\chapsl\slbshape{10}{\magstep3}
\setfont\chaptt\ttbshape{12}{\magstep2}
\setfont\chapttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep3}
\setfont\chapsf\sfbshape{17}{1000}
\let\chapbf=\chaprm
\setfont\chapsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep3}
\font\chapi=cmmi12 scaled \magstep2
\font\chapsy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep3

% Section fonts (14.4pt).
\def\secnominalsize{14pt}
\setfont\secrm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep1}
\setfont\secit\itbshape{10}{\magstep2}
\setfont\secsl\slbshape{10}{\magstep2}
\setfont\sectt\ttbshape{12}{\magstep1}
\setfont\secttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep2}
\setfont\secsf\sfbshape{12}{\magstep1}
\let\secbf\secrm
\setfont\secsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep2}
\font\seci=cmmi12 scaled \magstep1
\font\secsy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep2

% Subsection fonts (13.15pt).
\def\ssecnominalsize{13pt}
\setfont\ssecrm\rmbshape{12}{\magstephalf}
\setfont\ssecit\itbshape{10}{1315}
\setfont\ssecsl\slbshape{10}{1315}
\setfont\ssectt\ttbshape{12}{\magstephalf}
\setfont\ssecttsl\ttslshape{10}{1315}
\setfont\ssecsf\sfbshape{12}{\magstephalf}
\let\ssecbf\ssecrm
\setfont\ssecsc\scbshape{10}{1315}
\font\sseci=cmmi12 scaled \magstephalf
\font\ssecsy=cmsy10 scaled 1315

% Reduced fonts for @acro in text (10pt).
\def\reducednominalsize{10pt}
\setfont\reducedrm\rmshape{10}{1000}
\setfont\reducedtt\ttshape{10}{1000}
\setfont\reducedbf\bfshape{10}{1000}
\setfont\reducedit\itshape{10}{1000}
\setfont\reducedsl\slshape{10}{1000}
\setfont\reducedsf\sfshape{10}{1000}
\setfont\reducedsc\scshape{10}{1000}
\setfont\reducedttsl\ttslshape{10}{1000}
\font\reducedi=cmmi10
\font\reducedsy=cmsy10

% reset the current fonts
\textfonts
\rm
} % end of 11pt text font size definitions


% Definitions to make the main text be 10pt Computer Modern, with
% section, chapter, etc., sizes following suit.  This is for the GNU
% Press printing of the Emacs 22 manual.  Maybe other manuals in the
% future.  Used with @smallbook, which sets the leading to 12pt.
%
\def\definetextfontsizex{%
% Text fonts (10pt).
\def\textnominalsize{10pt}
\edef\mainmagstep{1000}
\setfont\textrm\rmshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\setfont\texttt\ttshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\setfont\textbf\bfshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\setfont\textit\itshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\setfont\textsl\slshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\setfont\textsf\sfshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\setfont\textsc\scshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\setfont\textttsl\ttslshape{10}{\mainmagstep}
\font\texti=cmmi10 scaled \mainmagstep
\font\textsy=cmsy10 scaled \mainmagstep

% A few fonts for @defun names and args.
\setfont\defbf\bfshape{10}{\magstephalf}
\setfont\deftt\ttshape{10}{\magstephalf}
\setfont\defttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstephalf}
\def\df{\let\tentt=\deftt \let\tenbf = \defbf \let\tenttsl=\defttsl \bf}

% Fonts for indices, footnotes, small examples (9pt).
\def\smallnominalsize{9pt}
\setfont\smallrm\rmshape{9}{1000}
\setfont\smalltt\ttshape{9}{1000}
\setfont\smallbf\bfshape{10}{900}
\setfont\smallit\itshape{9}{1000}
\setfont\smallsl\slshape{9}{1000}
\setfont\smallsf\sfshape{9}{1000}
\setfont\smallsc\scshape{10}{900}
\setfont\smallttsl\ttslshape{10}{900}
\font\smalli=cmmi9
\font\smallsy=cmsy9

% Fonts for small examples (8pt).
\def\smallernominalsize{8pt}
\setfont\smallerrm\rmshape{8}{1000}
\setfont\smallertt\ttshape{8}{1000}
\setfont\smallerbf\bfshape{10}{800}
\setfont\smallerit\itshape{8}{1000}
\setfont\smallersl\slshape{8}{1000}
\setfont\smallersf\sfshape{8}{1000}
\setfont\smallersc\scshape{10}{800}
\setfont\smallerttsl\ttslshape{10}{800}
\font\smalleri=cmmi8
\font\smallersy=cmsy8

% Fonts for title page (20.4pt):
\def\titlenominalsize{20pt}
\setfont\titlerm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep3}
\setfont\titleit\itbshape{10}{\magstep4}
\setfont\titlesl\slbshape{10}{\magstep4}
\setfont\titlett\ttbshape{12}{\magstep3}
\setfont\titlettsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep4}
\setfont\titlesf\sfbshape{17}{\magstep1}
\let\titlebf=\titlerm
\setfont\titlesc\scbshape{10}{\magstep4}
\font\titlei=cmmi12 scaled \magstep3
\font\titlesy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep4
\def\authorrm{\secrm}
\def\authortt{\sectt}

% Chapter fonts (14.4pt).
\def\chapnominalsize{14pt}
\setfont\chaprm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep1}
\setfont\chapit\itbshape{10}{\magstep2}
\setfont\chapsl\slbshape{10}{\magstep2}
\setfont\chaptt\ttbshape{12}{\magstep1}
\setfont\chapttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep2}
\setfont\chapsf\sfbshape{12}{\magstep1}
\let\chapbf\chaprm
\setfont\chapsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep2}
\font\chapi=cmmi12 scaled \magstep1
\font\chapsy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep2

% Section fonts (12pt).
\def\secnominalsize{12pt}
\setfont\secrm\rmbshape{12}{1000}
\setfont\secit\itbshape{10}{\magstep1}
\setfont\secsl\slbshape{10}{\magstep1}
\setfont\sectt\ttbshape{12}{1000}
\setfont\secttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep1}
\setfont\secsf\sfbshape{12}{1000}
\let\secbf\secrm
\setfont\secsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep1}
\font\seci=cmmi12
\font\secsy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep1

% Subsection fonts (10pt).
\def\ssecnominalsize{10pt}
\setfont\ssecrm\rmbshape{10}{1000}
\setfont\ssecit\itbshape{10}{1000}
\setfont\ssecsl\slbshape{10}{1000}
\setfont\ssectt\ttbshape{10}{1000}
\setfont\ssecttsl\ttslshape{10}{1000}
\setfont\ssecsf\sfbshape{10}{1000}
\let\ssecbf\ssecrm
\setfont\ssecsc\scbshape{10}{1000}
\font\sseci=cmmi10
\font\ssecsy=cmsy10

% Reduced fonts for @acro in text (9pt).
\def\reducednominalsize{9pt}
\setfont\reducedrm\rmshape{9}{1000}
\setfont\reducedtt\ttshape{9}{1000}
\setfont\reducedbf\bfshape{10}{900}
\setfont\reducedit\itshape{9}{1000}
\setfont\reducedsl\slshape{9}{1000}
\setfont\reducedsf\sfshape{9}{1000}
\setfont\reducedsc\scshape{10}{900}
\setfont\reducedttsl\ttslshape{10}{900}
\font\reducedi=cmmi9
\font\reducedsy=cmsy9

% reduce space between paragraphs
\divide\parskip by 2

% reset the current fonts
\textfonts
\rm
} % end of 10pt text font size definitions


% We provide the user-level command
%   @fonttextsize 10
% (or 11) to redefine the text font size.  pt is assumed.
%
\def\xword{10}
\def\xiword{11}
%
\parseargdef\fonttextsize{%
  \def\textsizearg{#1}%
  \wlog{doing @fonttextsize \textsizearg}%
  %
  % Set \globaldefs so that documents can use this inside @tex, since
  % makeinfo 4.8 does not support it, but we need it nonetheless.
  %
 \begingroup \globaldefs=1
  \ifx\textsizearg\xword \definetextfontsizex
  \else \ifx\textsizearg\xiword \definetextfontsizexi
  \else
    \errhelp=\EMsimple
    \errmessage{@fonttextsize only supports `10' or `11', not `\textsizearg'}
  \fi\fi
 \endgroup
}


% In order for the font changes to affect most math symbols and letters,
% we have to define the \textfont of the standard families.  Since
% texinfo doesn't allow for producing subscripts and superscripts except
% in the main text, we don't bother to reset \scriptfont and
% \scriptscriptfont (which would also require loading a lot more fonts).
%
\def\resetmathfonts{%
  \textfont0=\tenrm \textfont1=\teni \textfont2=\tensy
  \textfont\itfam=\tenit \textfont\slfam=\tensl \textfont\bffam=\tenbf
  \textfont\ttfam=\tentt \textfont\sffam=\tensf
}

% The font-changing commands redefine the meanings of \tenSTYLE, instead
% of just \STYLE.  We do this because \STYLE needs to also set the
% current \fam for math mode.  Our \STYLE (e.g., \rm) commands hardwire
% \tenSTYLE to set the current font.
%
% Each font-changing command also sets the names \lsize (one size lower)
% and \lllsize (three sizes lower).  These relative commands are used in
% the LaTeX logo and acronyms.
%
% This all needs generalizing, badly.
%
\def\textfonts{%
  \let\tenrm=\textrm \let\tenit=\textit \let\tensl=\textsl
  \let\tenbf=\textbf \let\tentt=\texttt \let\smallcaps=\textsc
  \let\tensf=\textsf \let\teni=\texti \let\tensy=\textsy
  \let\tenttsl=\textttsl
  \def\curfontsize{text}%
  \def\lsize{reduced}\def\lllsize{smaller}%
  \resetmathfonts \setleading{\textleading}}
\def\titlefonts{%
  \let\tenrm=\titlerm \let\tenit=\titleit \let\tensl=\titlesl
  \let\tenbf=\titlebf \let\tentt=\titlett \let\smallcaps=\titlesc
  \let\tensf=\titlesf \let\teni=\titlei \let\tensy=\titlesy
  \let\tenttsl=\titlettsl
  \def\curfontsize{title}%
  \def\lsize{chap}\def\lllsize{subsec}%
  \resetmathfonts \setleading{25pt}}
\def\titlefont#1{{\titlefonts\rm #1}}
\def\chapfonts{%
  \let\tenrm=\chaprm \let\tenit=\chapit \let\tensl=\chapsl
  \let\tenbf=\chapbf \let\tentt=\chaptt \let\smallcaps=\chapsc
  \let\tensf=\chapsf \let\teni=\chapi \let\tensy=\chapsy
  \let\tenttsl=\chapttsl
  \def\curfontsize{chap}%
  \def\lsize{sec}\def\lllsize{text}%
  \resetmathfonts \setleading{19pt}}
\def\secfonts{%
  \let\tenrm=\secrm \let\tenit=\secit \let\tensl=\secsl
  \let\tenbf=\secbf \let\tentt=\sectt \let\smallcaps=\secsc
  \let\tensf=\secsf \let\teni=\seci \let\tensy=\secsy
  \let\tenttsl=\secttsl
  \def\curfontsize{sec}%
  \def\lsize{subsec}\def\lllsize{reduced}%
  \resetmathfonts \setleading{16pt}}
\def\subsecfonts{%
  \let\tenrm=\ssecrm \let\tenit=\ssecit \let\tensl=\ssecsl
  \let\tenbf=\ssecbf \let\tentt=\ssectt \let\smallcaps=\ssecsc
  \let\tensf=\ssecsf \let\teni=\sseci \let\tensy=\ssecsy
  \let\tenttsl=\ssecttsl
  \def\curfontsize{ssec}%
  \def\lsize{text}\def\lllsize{small}%
  \resetmathfonts \setleading{15pt}}
\let\subsubsecfonts = \subsecfonts
\def\reducedfonts{%
  \let\tenrm=\reducedrm \let\tenit=\reducedit \let\tensl=\reducedsl
  \let\tenbf=\reducedbf \let\tentt=\reducedtt \let\reducedcaps=\reducedsc
  \let\tensf=\reducedsf \let\teni=\reducedi \let\tensy=\reducedsy
  \let\tenttsl=\reducedttsl
  \def\curfontsize{reduced}%
  \def\lsize{small}\def\lllsize{smaller}%
  \resetmathfonts \setleading{10.5pt}}
\def\smallfonts{%
  \let\tenrm=\smallrm \let\tenit=\smallit \let\tensl=\smallsl
  \let\tenbf=\smallbf \let\tentt=\smalltt \let\smallcaps=\smallsc
  \let\tensf=\smallsf \let\teni=\smalli \let\tensy=\smallsy
  \let\tenttsl=\smallttsl
  \def\curfontsize{small}%
  \def\lsize{smaller}\def\lllsize{smaller}%
  \resetmathfonts \setleading{10.5pt}}
\def\smallerfonts{%
  \let\tenrm=\smallerrm \let\tenit=\smallerit \let\tensl=\smallersl
  \let\tenbf=\smallerbf \let\tentt=\smallertt \let\smallcaps=\smallersc
  \let\tensf=\smallersf \let\teni=\smalleri \let\tensy=\smallersy
  \let\tenttsl=\smallerttsl
  \def\curfontsize{smaller}%
  \def\lsize{smaller}\def\lllsize{smaller}%
  \resetmathfonts \setleading{9.5pt}}

% Set the fonts to use with the @small... environments.
\let\smallexamplefonts = \smallfonts

% About \smallexamplefonts.  If we use \smallfonts (9pt), @smallexample
% can fit this many characters:
%   8.5x11=86   smallbook=72  a4=90  a5=69
% If we use \scriptfonts (8pt), then we can fit this many characters:
%   8.5x11=90+  smallbook=80  a4=90+  a5=77
% For me, subjectively, the few extra characters that fit aren't worth
% the additional smallness of 8pt.  So I'm making the default 9pt.
%
% By the way, for comparison, here's what fits with @example (10pt):
%   8.5x11=71  smallbook=60  a4=75  a5=58
%
% I wish the USA used A4 paper.
% --karl, 24jan03.


% Set up the default fonts, so we can use them for creating boxes.
%
\definetextfontsizexi

% Define these so they can be easily changed for other fonts.
\def\angleleft{$\langle$}
\def\angleright{$\rangle$}

% Count depth in font-changes, for error checks
\newcount\fontdepth \fontdepth=0

% Fonts for short table of contents.
\setfont\shortcontrm\rmshape{12}{1000}
\setfont\shortcontbf\bfshape{10}{\magstep1}  % no cmb12
\setfont\shortcontsl\slshape{12}{1000}
\setfont\shortconttt\ttshape{12}{1000}

%% Add scribe-like font environments, plus @l for inline lisp (usually sans
%% serif) and @ii for TeX italic

% \smartitalic{ARG} outputs arg in italics, followed by an italic correction
% unless the following character is such as not to need one.
\def\smartitalicx{\ifx\next,\else\ifx\next-\else\ifx\next.\else
                    \ptexslash\fi\fi\fi}
\def\smartslanted#1{{\ifusingtt\ttsl\sl #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx}
\def\smartitalic#1{{\ifusingtt\ttsl\it #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx}

% like \smartslanted except unconditionally uses \ttsl.
% @var is set to this for defun arguments.
\def\ttslanted#1{{\ttsl #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx}

% like \smartslanted except unconditionally use \sl.  We never want
% ttsl for book titles, do we?
\def\cite#1{{\sl #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx}

\let\i=\smartitalic
\let\slanted=\smartslanted
\let\var=\smartslanted
\let\dfn=\smartslanted
\let\emph=\smartitalic

% @b, explicit bold.
\def\b#1{{\bf #1}}
\let\strong=\b

% @sansserif, explicit sans.
\def\sansserif#1{{\sf #1}}

% We can't just use \exhyphenpenalty, because that only has effect at
% the end of a paragraph.  Restore normal hyphenation at the end of the
% group within which \nohyphenation is presumably called.
%
\def\nohyphenation{\hyphenchar\font = -1  \aftergroup\restorehyphenation}
\def\restorehyphenation{\hyphenchar\font = `- }

% Set sfcode to normal for the chars that usually have another value.
% Can't use plain's \frenchspacing because it uses the `\x notation, and
% sometimes \x has an active definition that messes things up.
%
\catcode`@=11
  \def\plainfrenchspacing{%
    \sfcode\dotChar  =\@m \sfcode\questChar=\@m \sfcode\exclamChar=\@m
    \sfcode\colonChar=\@m \sfcode\semiChar =\@m \sfcode\commaChar =\@m
    \def\endofsentencespacefactor{1000}% for @. and friends
  }
  \def\plainnonfrenchspacing{%
    \sfcode`\.3000\sfcode`\?3000\sfcode`\!3000
    \sfcode`\:2000\sfcode`\;1500\sfcode`\,1250
    \def\endofsentencespacefactor{3000}% for @. and friends
  }
\catcode`@=\other
\def\endofsentencespacefactor{3000}% default

\def\t#1{%
  {\tt \rawbackslash \plainfrenchspacing #1}%
  \null
}
\def\samp#1{`\tclose{#1}'\null}
\setfont\keyrm\rmshape{8}{1000}
\font\keysy=cmsy9
\def\key#1{{\keyrm\textfont2=\keysy \leavevmode\hbox{%
  \raise0.4pt\hbox{\angleleft}\kern-.08em\vtop{%
    \vbox{\hrule\kern-0.4pt
     \hbox{\raise0.4pt\hbox{\vphantom{\angleleft}}#1}}%
    \kern-0.4pt\hrule}%
  \kern-.06em\raise0.4pt\hbox{\angleright}}}}
% The old definition, with no lozenge:
%\def\key #1{{\ttsl \nohyphenation \uppercase{#1}}\null}
\def\ctrl #1{{\tt \rawbackslash \hat}#1}

% @file, @option are the same as @samp.
\let\file=\samp
\let\option=\samp

% @code is a modification of @t,
% which makes spaces the same size as normal in the surrounding text.
\def\tclose#1{%
  {%
    % Change normal interword space to be same as for the current font.
    \spaceskip = \fontdimen2\font
    %
    % Switch to typewriter.
    \tt
    %
    % But `\ ' produces the large typewriter interword space.
    \def\ {{\spaceskip = 0pt{} }}%
    %
    % Turn off hyphenation.
    \nohyphenation
    %
    \rawbackslash
    \plainfrenchspacing
    #1%
  }%
  \null
}

% We *must* turn on hyphenation at `-' and `_' in @code.
% Otherwise, it is too hard to avoid overfull hboxes
% in the Emacs manual, the Library manual, etc.

% Unfortunately, TeX uses one parameter (\hyphenchar) to control
% both hyphenation at - and hyphenation within words.
% We must therefore turn them both off (\tclose does that)
% and arrange explicitly to hyphenate at a dash.
%  -- rms.
{
  \catcode`\-=\active \catcode`\_=\active
  \catcode`\'=\active \catcode`\`=\active
  %
  \global\def\code{\begingroup
    \catcode\rquoteChar=\active \catcode\lquoteChar=\active
    \let'\codequoteright \let`\codequoteleft
    %
    \catcode\dashChar=\active  \catcode\underChar=\active
    \ifallowcodebreaks
     \let-\codedash
     \let_\codeunder
    \else
     \let-\realdash
     \let_\realunder
    \fi
    \codex
  }
}

\def\realdash{-}
\def\codedash{-\discretionary{}{}{}}
\def\codeunder{%
  % this is all so @math{@code{var_name}+1} can work.  In math mode, _
  % is "active" (mathcode"8000) and \normalunderscore (or \char95, etc.)
  % will therefore expand the active definition of _, which is us
  % (inside @code that is), therefore an endless loop.
  \ifusingtt{\ifmmode
               \mathchar"075F % class 0=ordinary, family 7=ttfam, pos 0x5F=_.
             \else\normalunderscore \fi
             \discretionary{}{}{}}%
            {\_}%
}
\def\codex #1{\tclose{#1}\endgroup}

% An additional complication: the above will allow breaks after, e.g.,
% each of the four underscores in __typeof__.  This is undesirable in
% some manuals, especially if they don't have long identifiers in
% general.  @allowcodebreaks provides a way to control this.
%
\newif\ifallowcodebreaks  \allowcodebreakstrue

\def\keywordtrue{true}
\def\keywordfalse{false}

\parseargdef\allowcodebreaks{%
  \def\txiarg{#1}%
  \ifx\txiarg\keywordtrue
    \allowcodebreakstrue
  \else\ifx\txiarg\keywordfalse
    \allowcodebreaksfalse
  \else
    \errhelp = \EMsimple
    \errmessage{Unknown @allowcodebreaks option `\txiarg'}%
  \fi\fi
}

% @kbd is like @code, except that if the argument is just one @key command,
% then @kbd has no effect.

% @kbdinputstyle -- arg is `distinct' (@kbd uses slanted tty font always),
%   `example' (@kbd uses ttsl only inside of @example and friends),
%   or `code' (@kbd uses normal tty font always).
\parseargdef\kbdinputstyle{%
  \def\txiarg{#1}%
  \ifx\txiarg\worddistinct
    \gdef\kbdexamplefont{\ttsl}\gdef\kbdfont{\ttsl}%
  \else\ifx\txiarg\wordexample
    \gdef\kbdexamplefont{\ttsl}\gdef\kbdfont{\tt}%
  \else\ifx\txiarg\wordcode
    \gdef\kbdexamplefont{\tt}\gdef\kbdfont{\tt}%
  \else
    \errhelp = \EMsimple
    \errmessage{Unknown @kbdinputstyle option `\txiarg'}%
  \fi\fi\fi
}
\def\worddistinct{distinct}
\def\wordexample{example}
\def\wordcode{code}

% Default is `distinct.'
\kbdinputstyle distinct

\def\xkey{\key}
\def\kbdfoo#1#2#3\par{\def\one{#1}\def\three{#3}\def\threex{??}%
\ifx\one\xkey\ifx\threex\three \key{#2}%
\else{\tclose{\kbdfont\look}}\fi
\else{\tclose{\kbdfont\look}}\fi}

% For @indicateurl, @env, @command quotes seem unnecessary, so use \code.
\let\indicateurl=\code
\let\env=\code
\let\command=\code

% @uref (abbreviation for `urlref') takes an optional (comma-separated)
% second argument specifying the text to display and an optional third
% arg as text to display instead of (rather than in addition to) the url
% itself.  First (mandatory) arg is the url.  Perhaps eventually put in
% a hypertex \special here.
%
\def\uref#1{\douref #1,,,\finish}
\def\douref#1,#2,#3,#4\finish{\begingroup
  \unsepspaces
  \pdfurl{#1}%
  \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #3}%
  \ifdim\wd0 > 0pt
    \unhbox0 % third arg given, show only that
  \else
    \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}%
    \ifdim\wd0 > 0pt
      \ifpdf
        \unhbox0             % PDF: 2nd arg given, show only it
      \else
        \unhbox0\ (\code{#1})% DVI: 2nd arg given, show both it and url
      \fi
    \else
      \code{#1}% only url given, so show it
    \fi
  \fi
  \endlink
\endgroup}

% @url synonym for @uref, since that's how everyone uses it.
%
\let\url=\uref

% rms does not like angle brackets --karl, 17may97.
% So now @email is just like @uref, unless we are pdf.
%
%\def\email#1{\angleleft{\tt #1}\angleright}
\ifpdf
  \def\email#1{\doemail#1,,\finish}
  \def\doemail#1,#2,#3\finish{\begingroup
    \unsepspaces
    \pdfurl{mailto:#1}%
    \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}%
    \ifdim\wd0>0pt\unhbox0\else\code{#1}\fi
    \endlink
  \endgroup}
\else
  \let\email=\uref
\fi

% Check if we are currently using a typewriter font.  Since all the
% Computer Modern typewriter fonts have zero interword stretch (and
% shrink), and it is reasonable to expect all typewriter fonts to have
% this property, we can check that font parameter.
%
\def\ifmonospace{\ifdim\fontdimen3\font=0pt }

% Typeset a dimension, e.g., `in' or `pt'.  The only reason for the
% argument is to make the input look right: @dmn{pt} instead of @dmn{}pt.
%
\def\dmn#1{\thinspace #1}

\def\kbd#1{\def\look{#1}\expandafter\kbdfoo\look??\par}

% @l was never documented to mean ``switch to the Lisp font'',
% and it is not used as such in any manual I can find.  We need it for
% Polish suppressed-l.  --karl, 22sep96.
%\def\l#1{{\li #1}\null}

% Explicit font changes: @r, @sc, undocumented @ii.
\def\r#1{{\rm #1}}              % roman font
\def\sc#1{{\smallcaps#1}}       % smallcaps font
\def\ii#1{{\it #1}}             % italic font

% @acronym for "FBI", "NATO", and the like.
% We print this one point size smaller, since it's intended for
% all-uppercase.
%
\def\acronym#1{\doacronym #1,,\finish}
\def\doacronym#1,#2,#3\finish{%
  {\selectfonts\lsize #1}%
  \def\temp{#2}%
  \ifx\temp\empty \else
    \space ({\unsepspaces \ignorespaces \temp \unskip})%
  \fi
}

% @abbr for "Comput. J." and the like.
% No font change, but don't do end-of-sentence spacing.
%
\def\abbr#1{\doabbr #1,,\finish}
\def\doabbr#1,#2,#3\finish{%
  {\plainfrenchspacing #1}%
  \def\temp{#2}%
  \ifx\temp\empty \else
    \space ({\unsepspaces \ignorespaces \temp \unskip})%
  \fi
}

% @pounds{} is a sterling sign, which Knuth put in the CM italic font.
%
\def\pounds{{\it\$}}

% @euro{} comes from a separate font, depending on the current style.
% We use the free feym* fonts from the eurosym package by Henrik
% Theiling, which support regular, slanted, bold and bold slanted (and
% "outlined" (blackboard board, sort of) versions, which we don't need).
% It is available from http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/eurosym.
%
% Although only regular is the truly official Euro symbol, we ignore
% that.  The Euro is designed to be slightly taller than the regular
% font height.
%
% feymr - regular
% feymo - slanted
% feybr - bold
% feybo - bold slanted
%
% There is no good (free) typewriter version, to my knowledge.
% A feymr10 euro is ~7.3pt wide, while a normal cmtt10 char is ~5.25pt wide.
% Hmm.
%
% Also doesn't work in math.  Do we need to do math with euro symbols?
% Hope not.
%
%
\def\euro{{\eurofont e}}
\def\eurofont{%
  % We set the font at each command, rather than predefining it in
  % \textfonts and the other font-switching commands, so that
  % installations which never need the symbol don't have to have the
  % font installed.
  %
  % There is only one designed size (nominal 10pt), so we always scale
  % that to the current nominal size.
  %
  % By the way, simply using "at 1em" works for cmr10 and the like, but
  % does not work for cmbx10 and other extended/shrunken fonts.
  %
  \def\eurosize{\csname\curfontsize nominalsize\endcsname}%
  %
  \ifx\curfontstyle\bfstylename
    % bold:
    \font\thiseurofont = \ifusingit{feybo10}{feybr10} at \eurosize
  \else
    % regular:
    \font\thiseurofont = \ifusingit{feymo10}{feymr10} at \eurosize
  \fi
  \thiseurofont
}

% @registeredsymbol - R in a circle.  The font for the R should really
% be smaller yet, but lllsize is the best we can do for now.
% Adapted from the plain.tex definition of \copyright.
%
\def\registeredsymbol{%
  $^{{\ooalign{\hfil\raise.07ex\hbox{\selectfonts\lllsize R}%
               \hfil\crcr\Orb}}%
    }$%
}

% @textdegree - the normal degrees sign.
%
\def\textdegree{$^\circ$}

% Laurent Siebenmann reports \Orb undefined with:
%  Textures 1.7.7 (preloaded format=plain 93.10.14)  (68K)  16 APR 2004 02:38
% so we'll define it if necessary.
%
\ifx\Orb\undefined
\def\Orb{\mathhexbox20D}
\fi


\message{page headings,}

\newskip\titlepagetopglue \titlepagetopglue = 1.5in
\newskip\titlepagebottomglue \titlepagebottomglue = 2pc

% First the title page.  Must do @settitle before @titlepage.
\newif\ifseenauthor
\newif\iffinishedtitlepage

% Do an implicit @contents or @shortcontents after @end titlepage if the
% user says @setcontentsaftertitlepage or @setshortcontentsaftertitlepage.
%
\newif\ifsetcontentsaftertitlepage
 \let\setcontentsaftertitlepage = \setcontentsaftertitlepagetrue
\newif\ifsetshortcontentsaftertitlepage
 \let\setshortcontentsaftertitlepage = \setshortcontentsaftertitlepagetrue

\parseargdef\shorttitlepage{\begingroup\hbox{}\vskip 1.5in \chaprm \centerline{#1}%
        \endgroup\page\hbox{}\page}

\envdef\titlepage{%
  % Open one extra group, as we want to close it in the middle of \Etitlepage.
  \begingroup
    \parindent=0pt \textfonts
    % Leave some space at the very top of the page.
    \vglue\titlepagetopglue
    % No rule at page bottom unless we print one at the top with @title.
    \finishedtitlepagetrue
    %
    % Most title ``pages'' are actually two pages long, with space
    % at the top of the second.  We don't want the ragged left on the second.
    \let\oldpage = \page
    \def\page{%
      \iffinishedtitlepage\else
	 \finishtitlepage
      \fi
      \let\page = \oldpage
      \page
      \null
    }%
}

\def\Etitlepage{%
    \iffinishedtitlepage\else
	\finishtitlepage
    \fi
    % It is important to do the page break before ending the group,
    % because the headline and footline are only empty inside the group.
    % If we use the new definition of \page, we always get a blank page
    % after the title page, which we certainly don't want.
    \oldpage
  \endgroup
  %
  % Need this before the \...aftertitlepage checks so that if they are
  % in effect the toc pages will come out with page numbers.
  \HEADINGSon
  %
  % If they want short, they certainly want long too.
  \ifsetshortcontentsaftertitlepage
    \shortcontents
    \contents
    \global\let\shortcontents = \relax
    \global\let\contents = \relax
  \fi
  %
  \ifsetcontentsaftertitlepage
    \contents
    \global\let\contents = \relax
    \global\let\shortcontents = \relax
  \fi
}

\def\finishtitlepage{%
  \vskip4pt \hrule height 2pt width \hsize
  \vskip\titlepagebottomglue
  \finishedtitlepagetrue
}

%%% Macros to be used within @titlepage:

\let\subtitlerm=\tenrm
\def\subtitlefont{\subtitlerm \normalbaselineskip = 13pt \normalbaselines}

\def\authorfont{\authorrm \normalbaselineskip = 16pt \normalbaselines
		\let\tt=\authortt}

\parseargdef\title{%
  \checkenv\titlepage
  \leftline{\titlefonts\rm #1}
  % print a rule at the page bottom also.
  \finishedtitlepagefalse
  \vskip4pt \hrule height 4pt width \hsize \vskip4pt
}

\parseargdef\subtitle{%
  \checkenv\titlepage
  {\subtitlefont \rightline{#1}}%
}

% @author should come last, but may come many times.
% It can also be used inside @quotation.
%
\parseargdef\author{%
  \def\temp{\quotation}%
  \ifx\thisenv\temp
    \def\quotationauthor{#1}% printed in \Equotation.
  \else
    \checkenv\titlepage
    \ifseenauthor\else \vskip 0pt plus 1filll \seenauthortrue \fi
    {\authorfont \leftline{#1}}%
  \fi
}


%%% Set up page headings and footings.

\let\thispage=\folio

\newtoks\evenheadline    % headline on even pages
\newtoks\oddheadline     % headline on odd pages
\newtoks\evenfootline    % footline on even pages
\newtoks\oddfootline     % footline on odd pages

% Now make TeX use those variables
\headline={{\textfonts\rm \ifodd\pageno \the\oddheadline
                            \else \the\evenheadline \fi}}
\footline={{\textfonts\rm \ifodd\pageno \the\oddfootline
                            \else \the\evenfootline \fi}\HEADINGShook}
\let\HEADINGShook=\relax

% Commands to set those variables.
% For example, this is what  @headings on  does
% @evenheading @thistitle|@thispage|@thischapter
% @oddheading @thischapter|@thispage|@thistitle
% @evenfooting @thisfile||
% @oddfooting ||@thisfile


\def\evenheading{\parsearg\evenheadingxxx}
\def\evenheadingxxx #1{\evenheadingyyy #1\|\|\|\|\finish}
\def\evenheadingyyy #1\|#2\|#3\|#4\finish{%
\global\evenheadline={\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}}

\def\oddheading{\parsearg\oddheadingxxx}
\def\oddheadingxxx #1{\oddheadingyyy #1\|\|\|\|\finish}
\def\oddheadingyyy #1\|#2\|#3\|#4\finish{%
\global\oddheadline={\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}}

\parseargdef\everyheading{\oddheadingxxx{#1}\evenheadingxxx{#1}}%

\def\evenfooting{\parsearg\evenfootingxxx}
\def\evenfootingxxx #1{\evenfootingyyy #1\|\|\|\|\finish}
\def\evenfootingyyy #1\|#2\|#3\|#4\finish{%
\global\evenfootline={\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}}

\def\oddfooting{\parsearg\oddfootingxxx}
\def\oddfootingxxx #1{\oddfootingyyy #1\|\|\|\|\finish}
\def\oddfootingyyy #1\|#2\|#3\|#4\finish{%
  \global\oddfootline = {\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}%
  %
  % Leave some space for the footline.  Hopefully ok to assume
  % @evenfooting will not be used by itself.
  \global\advance\pageheight by -12pt
  \global\advance\vsize by -12pt
}

\parseargdef\everyfooting{\oddfootingxxx{#1}\evenfootingxxx{#1}}


% @headings double      turns headings on for double-sided printing.
% @headings single      turns headings on for single-sided printing.
% @headings off         turns them off.
% @headings on          same as @headings double, retained for compatibility.
% @headings after       turns on double-sided headings after this page.
% @headings doubleafter turns on double-sided headings after this page.
% @headings singleafter turns on single-sided headings after this page.
% By default, they are off at the start of a document,
% and turned `on' after @end titlepage.

\def\headings #1 {\csname HEADINGS#1\endcsname}

\def\HEADINGSoff{%
\global\evenheadline={\hfil} \global\evenfootline={\hfil}
\global\oddheadline={\hfil} \global\oddfootline={\hfil}}
\HEADINGSoff
% When we turn headings on, set the page number to 1.
% For double-sided printing, put current file name in lower left corner,
% chapter name on inside top of right hand pages, document
% title on inside top of left hand pages, and page numbers on outside top
% edge of all pages.
\def\HEADINGSdouble{%
\global\pageno=1
\global\evenfootline={\hfil}
\global\oddfootline={\hfil}
\global\evenheadline={\line{\folio\hfil\thistitle}}
\global\oddheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}}
\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chapoddpage
}
\let\contentsalignmacro = \chappager

% For single-sided printing, chapter title goes across top left of page,
% page number on top right.
\def\HEADINGSsingle{%
\global\pageno=1
\global\evenfootline={\hfil}
\global\oddfootline={\hfil}
\global\evenheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}}
\global\oddheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}}
\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chappager
}
\def\HEADINGSon{\HEADINGSdouble}

\def\HEADINGSafter{\let\HEADINGShook=\HEADINGSdoublex}
\let\HEADINGSdoubleafter=\HEADINGSafter
\def\HEADINGSdoublex{%
\global\evenfootline={\hfil}
\global\oddfootline={\hfil}
\global\evenheadline={\line{\folio\hfil\thistitle}}
\global\oddheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}}
\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chapoddpage
}

\def\HEADINGSsingleafter{\let\HEADINGShook=\HEADINGSsinglex}
\def\HEADINGSsinglex{%
\global\evenfootline={\hfil}
\global\oddfootline={\hfil}
\global\evenheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}}
\global\oddheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}}
\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chappager
}

% Subroutines used in generating headings
% This produces Day Month Year style of output.
% Only define if not already defined, in case a txi-??.tex file has set
% up a different format (e.g., txi-cs.tex does this).
\ifx\today\undefined
\def\today{%
  \number\day\space
  \ifcase\month
  \or\putwordMJan\or\putwordMFeb\or\putwordMMar\or\putwordMApr
  \or\putwordMMay\or\putwordMJun\or\putwordMJul\or\putwordMAug
  \or\putwordMSep\or\putwordMOct\or\putwordMNov\or\putwordMDec
  \fi
  \space\number\year}
\fi

% @settitle line...  specifies the title of the document, for headings.
% It generates no output of its own.
\def\thistitle{\putwordNoTitle}
\def\settitle{\parsearg{\gdef\thistitle}}


\message{tables,}
% Tables -- @table, @ftable, @vtable, @item(x).

% default indentation of table text
\newdimen\tableindent \tableindent=.8in
% default indentation of @itemize and @enumerate text
\newdimen\itemindent  \itemindent=.3in
% margin between end of table item and start of table text.
\newdimen\itemmargin  \itemmargin=.1in

% used internally for \itemindent minus \itemmargin
\newdimen\itemmax

% Note @table, @ftable, and @vtable define @item, @itemx, etc., with
% these defs.
% They also define \itemindex
% to index the item name in whatever manner is desired (perhaps none).

\newif\ifitemxneedsnegativevskip

\def\itemxpar{\par\ifitemxneedsnegativevskip\nobreak\vskip-\parskip\nobreak\fi}

\def\internalBitem{\smallbreak \parsearg\itemzzz}
\def\internalBitemx{\itemxpar \parsearg\itemzzz}

\def\itemzzz #1{\begingroup %
  \advance\hsize by -\rightskip
  \advance\hsize by -\tableindent
  \setbox0=\hbox{\itemindicate{#1}}%
  \itemindex{#1}%
  \nobreak % This prevents a break before @itemx.
  %
  % If the item text does not fit in the space we have, put it on a line
  % by itself, and do not allow a page break either before or after that
  % line.  We do not start a paragraph here because then if the next
  % command is, e.g., @kindex, the whatsit would get put into the
  % horizontal list on a line by itself, resulting in extra blank space.
  \ifdim \wd0>\itemmax
    %
    % Make this a paragraph so we get the \parskip glue and wrapping,
    % but leave it ragged-right.
    \begingroup
      \advance\leftskip by-\tableindent
      \advance\hsize by\tableindent
      \advance\rightskip by0pt plus1fil
      \leavevmode\unhbox0\par
    \endgroup
    %
    % We're going to be starting a paragraph, but we don't want the
    % \parskip glue -- logically it's part of the @item we just started.
    \nobreak \vskip-\parskip
    %
    % Stop a page break at the \parskip glue coming up.  However, if
    % what follows is an environment such as @example, there will be no
    % \parskip glue; then the negative vskip we just inserted would
    % cause the example and the item to crash together.  So we use this
    % bizarre value of 10001 as a signal to \aboveenvbreak to insert
    % \parskip glue after all.  Section titles are handled this way also.
    %
    \penalty 10001
    \endgroup
    \itemxneedsnegativevskipfalse
  \else
    % The item text fits into the space.  Start a paragraph, so that the
    % following text (if any) will end up on the same line.
    \noindent
    % Do this with kerns and \unhbox so that if there is a footnote in
    % the item text, it can migrate to the main vertical list and
    % eventually be printed.
    \nobreak\kern-\tableindent
    \dimen0 = \itemmax  \advance\dimen0 by \itemmargin \advance\dimen0 by -\wd0
    \unhbox0
    \nobreak\kern\dimen0
    \endgroup
    \itemxneedsnegativevskiptrue
  \fi
}

\def\item{\errmessage{@item while not in a list environment}}
\def\itemx{\errmessage{@itemx while not in a list environment}}

% @table, @ftable, @vtable.
\envdef\table{%
  \let\itemindex\gobble
  \tablecheck{table}%
}
\envdef\ftable{%
  \def\itemindex ##1{\doind {fn}{\code{##1}}}%
  \tablecheck{ftable}%
}
\envdef\vtable{%
  \def\itemindex ##1{\doind {vr}{\code{##1}}}%
  \tablecheck{vtable}%
}
\def\tablecheck#1{%
  \ifnum \the\catcode`\^^M=\active
    \endgroup
    \errmessage{This command won't work in this context; perhaps the problem is
      that we are \inenvironment\thisenv}%
    \def\next{\doignore{#1}}%
  \else
    \let\next\tablex
  \fi
  \next
}
\def\tablex#1{%
  \def\itemindicate{#1}%
  \parsearg\tabley
}
\def\tabley#1{%
  {%
    \makevalueexpandable
    \edef\temp{\noexpand\tablez #1\space\space\space}%
    \expandafter
  }\temp \endtablez
}
\def\tablez #1 #2 #3 #4\endtablez{%
  \aboveenvbreak
  \ifnum 0#1>0 \advance \leftskip by #1\mil \fi
  \ifnum 0#2>0 \tableindent=#2\mil \fi
  \ifnum 0#3>0 \advance \rightskip by #3\mil \fi
  \itemmax=\tableindent
  \advance \itemmax by -\itemmargin
  \advance \leftskip by \tableindent
  \exdentamount=\tableindent
  \parindent = 0pt
  \parskip = \smallskipamount
  \ifdim \parskip=0pt \parskip=2pt \fi
  \let\item = \internalBitem
  \let\itemx = \internalBitemx
}
\def\Etable{\endgraf\afterenvbreak}
\let\Eftable\Etable
\let\Evtable\Etable
\let\Eitemize\Etable
\let\Eenumerate\Etable

% This is the counter used by @enumerate, which is really @itemize

\newcount \itemno

\envdef\itemize{\parsearg\doitemize}

\def\doitemize#1{%
  \aboveenvbreak
  \itemmax=\itemindent
  \advance\itemmax by -\itemmargin
  \advance\leftskip by \itemindent
  \exdentamount=\itemindent
  \parindent=0pt
  \parskip=\smallskipamount
  \ifdim\parskip=0pt \parskip=2pt \fi
  \def\itemcontents{#1}%
  % @itemize with no arg is equivalent to @itemize @bullet.
  \ifx\itemcontents\empty\def\itemcontents{\bullet}\fi
  \let\item=\itemizeitem
}

% Definition of @item while inside @itemize and @enumerate.
%
\def\itemizeitem{%
  \advance\itemno by 1  % for enumerations
  {\let\par=\endgraf \smallbreak}% reasonable place to break
  {%
   % If the document has an @itemize directly after a section title, a
   % \nobreak will be last on the list, and \sectionheading will have
   % done a \vskip-\parskip.  In that case, we don't want to zero
   % parskip, or the item text will crash with the heading.  On the
   % other hand, when there is normal text preceding the item (as there
   % usually is), we do want to zero parskip, or there would be too much
   % space.  In that case, we won't have a \nobreak before.  At least
   % that's the theory.
   \ifnum\lastpenalty<10000 \parskip=0in \fi
   \noindent
   \hbox to 0pt{\hss \itemcontents \kern\itemmargin}%
   \vadjust{\penalty 1200}}% not good to break after first line of item.
  \flushcr
}

% \splitoff TOKENS\endmark defines \first to be the first token in
% TOKENS, and \rest to be the remainder.
%
\def\splitoff#1#2\endmark{\def\first{#1}\def\rest{#2}}%

% Allow an optional argument of an uppercase letter, lowercase letter,
% or number, to specify the first label in the enumerated list.  No
% argument is the same as `1'.
%
\envparseargdef\enumerate{\enumeratey #1  \endenumeratey}
\def\enumeratey #1 #2\endenumeratey{%
  % If we were given no argument, pretend we were given `1'.
  \def\thearg{#1}%
  \ifx\thearg\empty \def\thearg{1}\fi
  %
  % Detect if the argument is a single token.  If so, it might be a
  % letter.  Otherwise, the only valid thing it can be is a number.
  % (We will always have one token, because of the test we just made.
  % This is a good thing, since \splitoff doesn't work given nothing at
  % all -- the first parameter is undelimited.)
  \expandafter\splitoff\thearg\endmark
  \ifx\rest\empty
    % Only one token in the argument.  It could still be anything.
    % A ``lowercase letter'' is one whose \lccode is nonzero.
    % An ``uppercase letter'' is one whose \lccode is both nonzero, and
    %   not equal to itself.
    % Otherwise, we assume it's a number.
    %
    % We need the \relax at the end of the \ifnum lines to stop TeX from
    % continuing to look for a .
    %
    \ifnum\lccode\expandafter`\thearg=0\relax
      \numericenumerate % a number (we hope)
    \else
      % It's a letter.
      \ifnum\lccode\expandafter`\thearg=\expandafter`\thearg\relax
        \lowercaseenumerate % lowercase letter
      \else
        \uppercaseenumerate % uppercase letter
      \fi
    \fi
  \else
    % Multiple tokens in the argument.  We hope it's a number.
    \numericenumerate
  \fi
}

% An @enumerate whose labels are integers.  The starting integer is
% given in \thearg.
%
\def\numericenumerate{%
  \itemno = \thearg
  \startenumeration{\the\itemno}%
}

% The starting (lowercase) letter is in \thearg.
\def\lowercaseenumerate{%
  \itemno = \expandafter`\thearg
  \startenumeration{%
    % Be sure we're not beyond the end of the alphabet.
    \ifnum\itemno=0
      \errmessage{No more lowercase letters in @enumerate; get a bigger
                  alphabet}%
    \fi
    \char\lccode\itemno
  }%
}

% The starting (uppercase) letter is in \thearg.
\def\uppercaseenumerate{%
  \itemno = \expandafter`\thearg
  \startenumeration{%
    % Be sure we're not beyond the end of the alphabet.
    \ifnum\itemno=0
      \errmessage{No more uppercase letters in @enumerate; get a bigger
                  alphabet}
    \fi
    \char\uccode\itemno
  }%
}

% Call \doitemize, adding a period to the first argument and supplying the
% common last two arguments.  Also subtract one from the initial value in
% \itemno, since @item increments \itemno.
%
\def\startenumeration#1{%
  \advance\itemno by -1
  \doitemize{#1.}\flushcr
}

% @alphaenumerate and @capsenumerate are abbreviations for giving an arg
% to @enumerate.
%
\def\alphaenumerate{\enumerate{a}}
\def\capsenumerate{\enumerate{A}}
\def\Ealphaenumerate{\Eenumerate}
\def\Ecapsenumerate{\Eenumerate}


% @multitable macros
% Amy Hendrickson, 8/18/94, 3/6/96
%
% @multitable ... @end multitable will make as many columns as desired.
% Contents of each column will wrap at width given in preamble.  Width
% can be specified either with sample text given in a template line,
% or in percent of \hsize, the current width of text on page.

% Table can continue over pages but will only break between lines.

% To make preamble:
%
% Either define widths of columns in terms of percent of \hsize:
%   @multitable @columnfractions .25 .3 .45
%   @item ...
%
%   Numbers following @columnfractions are the percent of the total
%   current hsize to be used for each column. You may use as many
%   columns as desired.


% Or use a template:
%   @multitable {Column 1 template} {Column 2 template} {Column 3 template}
%   @item ...
%   using the widest term desired in each column.

% Each new table line starts with @item, each subsequent new column
% starts with @tab. Empty columns may be produced by supplying @tab's
% with nothing between them for as many times as empty columns are needed,
% ie, @tab@tab@tab will produce two empty columns.

% @item, @tab do not need to be on their own lines, but it will not hurt
% if they are.

% Sample multitable:

%   @multitable {Column 1 template} {Column 2 template} {Column 3 template}
%   @item first col stuff @tab second col stuff @tab third col
%   @item
%   first col stuff
%   @tab
%   second col stuff
%   @tab
%   third col
%   @item first col stuff @tab second col stuff
%   @tab Many paragraphs of text may be used in any column.
%
%         They will wrap at the width determined by the template.
%   @item@tab@tab This will be in third column.
%   @end multitable

% Default dimensions may be reset by user.
% @multitableparskip is vertical space between paragraphs in table.
% @multitableparindent is paragraph indent in table.
% @multitablecolmargin is horizontal space to be left between columns.
% @multitablelinespace is space to leave between table items, baseline
%                                                            to baseline.
%   0pt means it depends on current normal line spacing.
%
\newskip\multitableparskip
\newskip\multitableparindent
\newdimen\multitablecolspace
\newskip\multitablelinespace
\multitableparskip=0pt
\multitableparindent=6pt
\multitablecolspace=12pt
\multitablelinespace=0pt

% Macros used to set up halign preamble:
%
\let\endsetuptable\relax
\def\xendsetuptable{\endsetuptable}
\let\columnfractions\relax
\def\xcolumnfractions{\columnfractions}
\newif\ifsetpercent

% #1 is the @columnfraction, usually a decimal number like .5, but might
% be just 1.  We just use it, whatever it is.
%
\def\pickupwholefraction#1 {%
  \global\advance\colcount by 1
  \expandafter\xdef\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname{#1\hsize}%
  \setuptable
}

\newcount\colcount
\def\setuptable#1{%
  \def\firstarg{#1}%
  \ifx\firstarg\xendsetuptable
    \let\go = \relax
  \else
    \ifx\firstarg\xcolumnfractions
      \global\setpercenttrue
    \else
      \ifsetpercent
         \let\go\pickupwholefraction
      \else
         \global\advance\colcount by 1
         \setbox0=\hbox{#1\unskip\space}% Add a normal word space as a
                   % separator; typically that is always in the input, anyway.
         \expandafter\xdef\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname{\the\wd0}%
      \fi
    \fi
    \ifx\go\pickupwholefraction
      % Put the argument back for the \pickupwholefraction call, so
      % we'll always have a period there to be parsed.
      \def\go{\pickupwholefraction#1}%
    \else
      \let\go = \setuptable
    \fi%
  \fi
  \go
}

% multitable-only commands.
%
% @headitem starts a heading row, which we typeset in bold.
% Assignments have to be global since we are inside the implicit group
% of an alignment entry.  Note that \everycr resets \everytab.
\def\headitem{\checkenv\multitable \crcr \global\everytab={\bf}\the\everytab}%
%
% A \tab used to include \hskip1sp.  But then the space in a template
% line is not enough.  That is bad.  So let's go back to just `&' until
% we encounter the problem it was intended to solve again.
%					--karl, nathan@acm.org, 20apr99.
\def\tab{\checkenv\multitable &\the\everytab}%

% @multitable ... @end multitable definitions:
%
\newtoks\everytab  % insert after every tab.
%
\envdef\multitable{%
  \vskip\parskip
  \startsavinginserts
  %
  % @item within a multitable starts a normal row.
  % We use \def instead of \let so that if one of the multitable entries
  % contains an @itemize, we don't choke on the \item (seen as \crcr aka
  % \endtemplate) expanding \doitemize.
  \def\item{\crcr}%
  %
  \tolerance=9500
  \hbadness=9500
  \setmultitablespacing
  \parskip=\multitableparskip
  \parindent=\multitableparindent
  \overfullrule=0pt
  \global\colcount=0
  %
  \everycr = {%
    \noalign{%
      \global\everytab={}%
      \global\colcount=0 % Reset the column counter.
      % Check for saved footnotes, etc.
      \checkinserts
      % Keeps underfull box messages off when table breaks over pages.
      %\filbreak
	% Maybe so, but it also creates really weird page breaks when the
	% table breaks over pages. Wouldn't \vfil be better?  Wait until the
	% problem manifests itself, so it can be fixed for real --karl.
    }%
  }%
  %
  \parsearg\domultitable
}
\def\domultitable#1{%
  % To parse everything between @multitable and @item:
  \setuptable#1 \endsetuptable
  %
  % This preamble sets up a generic column definition, which will
  % be used as many times as user calls for columns.
  % \vtop will set a single line and will also let text wrap and
  % continue for many paragraphs if desired.
  \halign\bgroup &%
    \global\advance\colcount by 1
    \multistrut
    \vtop{%
      % Use the current \colcount to find the correct column width:
      \hsize=\expandafter\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname
      %
      % In order to keep entries from bumping into each other
      % we will add a \leftskip of \multitablecolspace to all columns after
      % the first one.
      %
      % If a template has been used, we will add \multitablecolspace
      % to the width of each template entry.
      %
      % If the user has set preamble in terms of percent of \hsize we will
      % use that dimension as the width of the column, and the \leftskip
      % will keep entries from bumping into each other.  Table will start at
      % left margin and final column will justify at right margin.
      %
      % Make sure we don't inherit \rightskip from the outer environment.
      \rightskip=0pt
      \ifnum\colcount=1
	% The first column will be indented with the surrounding text.
	\advance\hsize by\leftskip
      \else
	\ifsetpercent \else
	  % If user has not set preamble in terms of percent of \hsize
	  % we will advance \hsize by \multitablecolspace.
	  \advance\hsize by \multitablecolspace
	\fi
       % In either case we will make \leftskip=\multitablecolspace:
      \leftskip=\multitablecolspace
      \fi
      % Ignoring space at the beginning and end avoids an occasional spurious
      % blank line, when TeX decides to break the line at the space before the
      % box from the multistrut, so the strut ends up on a line by itself.
      % For example:
      % @multitable @columnfractions .11 .89
      % @item @code{#}
      % @tab Legal holiday which is valid in major parts of the whole country.
      % Is automatically provided with highlighting sequences respectively
      % marking characters.
      \noindent\ignorespaces##\unskip\multistrut
    }\cr
}
\def\Emultitable{%
  \crcr
  \egroup % end the \halign
  \global\setpercentfalse
}

\def\setmultitablespacing{%
  \def\multistrut{\strut}% just use the standard line spacing
  %
  % Compute \multitablelinespace (if not defined by user) for use in
  % \multitableparskip calculation.  We used define \multistrut based on
  % this, but (ironically) that caused the spacing to be off.
  % See bug-texinfo report from Werner Lemberg, 31 Oct 2004 12:52:20 +0100.
\ifdim\multitablelinespace=0pt
\setbox0=\vbox{X}\global\multitablelinespace=\the\baselineskip
\global\advance\multitablelinespace by-\ht0
\fi
%% Test to see if parskip is larger than space between lines of
%% table. If not, do nothing.
%%        If so, set to same dimension as multitablelinespace.
\ifdim\multitableparskip>\multitablelinespace
\global\multitableparskip=\multitablelinespace
\global\advance\multitableparskip-7pt %% to keep parskip somewhat smaller
                                      %% than skip between lines in the table.
\fi%
\ifdim\multitableparskip=0pt
\global\multitableparskip=\multitablelinespace
\global\advance\multitableparskip-7pt %% to keep parskip somewhat smaller
                                      %% than skip between lines in the table.
\fi}


\message{conditionals,}

% @iftex, @ifnotdocbook, @ifnothtml, @ifnotinfo, @ifnotplaintext,
% @ifnotxml always succeed.  They currently do nothing; we don't
% attempt to check whether the conditionals are properly nested.  But we
% have to remember that they are conditionals, so that @end doesn't
% attempt to close an environment group.
%
\def\makecond#1{%
  \expandafter\let\csname #1\endcsname = \relax
  \expandafter\let\csname iscond.#1\endcsname = 1
}
\makecond{iftex}
\makecond{ifnotdocbook}
\makecond{ifnothtml}
\makecond{ifnotinfo}
\makecond{ifnotplaintext}
\makecond{ifnotxml}

% Ignore @ignore, @ifhtml, @ifinfo, and the like.
%
\def\direntry{\doignore{direntry}}
\def\documentdescription{\doignore{documentdescription}}
\def\docbook{\doignore{docbook}}
\def\html{\doignore{html}}
\def\ifdocbook{\doignore{ifdocbook}}
\def\ifhtml{\doignore{ifhtml}}
\def\ifinfo{\doignore{ifinfo}}
\def\ifnottex{\doignore{ifnottex}}
\def\ifplaintext{\doignore{ifplaintext}}
\def\ifxml{\doignore{ifxml}}
\def\ignore{\doignore{ignore}}
\def\menu{\doignore{menu}}
\def\xml{\doignore{xml}}

% Ignore text until a line `@end #1', keeping track of nested conditionals.
%
% A count to remember the depth of nesting.
\newcount\doignorecount

\def\doignore#1{\begingroup
  % Scan in ``verbatim'' mode:
  \obeylines
  \catcode`\@ = \other
  \catcode`\{ = \other
  \catcode`\} = \other
  %
  % Make sure that spaces turn into tokens that match what \doignoretext wants.
  \spaceisspace
  %
  % Count number of #1's that we've seen.
  \doignorecount = 0
  %
  % Swallow text until we reach the matching `@end #1'.
  \dodoignore{#1}%
}

{ \catcode`_=11 % We want to use \_STOP_ which cannot appear in texinfo source.
  \obeylines %
  %
  \gdef\dodoignore#1{%
    % #1 contains the command name as a string, e.g., `ifinfo'.
    %
    % Define a command to find the next `@end #1'.
    \long\def\doignoretext##1^^M@end #1{%
      \doignoretextyyy##1^^M@#1\_STOP_}%
    %
    % And this command to find another #1 command, at the beginning of a
    % line.  (Otherwise, we would consider a line `@c @ifset', for
    % example, to count as an @ifset for nesting.)
    \long\def\doignoretextyyy##1^^M@#1##2\_STOP_{\doignoreyyy{##2}\_STOP_}%
    %
    % And now expand that command.
    \doignoretext ^^M%
  }%
}

\def\doignoreyyy#1{%
  \def\temp{#1}%
  \ifx\temp\empty			% Nothing found.
    \let\next\doignoretextzzz
  \else					% Found a nested condition, ...
    \advance\doignorecount by 1
    \let\next\doignoretextyyy		% ..., look for another.
    % If we're here, #1 ends with ^^M\ifinfo (for example).
  \fi
  \next #1% the token \_STOP_ is present just after this macro.
}

% We have to swallow the remaining "\_STOP_".
%
\def\doignoretextzzz#1{%
  \ifnum\doignorecount = 0	% We have just found the outermost @end.
    \let\next\enddoignore
  \else				% Still inside a nested condition.
    \advance\doignorecount by -1
    \let\next\doignoretext      % Look for the next @end.
  \fi
  \next
}

% Finish off ignored text.
{ \obeylines%
  % Ignore anything after the last `@end #1'; this matters in verbatim
  % environments, where otherwise the newline after an ignored conditional
  % would result in a blank line in the output.
  \gdef\enddoignore#1^^M{\endgroup\ignorespaces}%
}


% @set VAR sets the variable VAR to an empty value.
% @set VAR REST-OF-LINE sets VAR to the value REST-OF-LINE.
%
% Since we want to separate VAR from REST-OF-LINE (which might be
% empty), we can't just use \parsearg; we have to insert a space of our
% own to delimit the rest of the line, and then take it out again if we
% didn't need it.
% We rely on the fact that \parsearg sets \catcode`\ =10.
%
\parseargdef\set{\setyyy#1 \endsetyyy}
\def\setyyy#1 #2\endsetyyy{%
  {%
    \makevalueexpandable
    \def\temp{#2}%
    \edef\next{\gdef\makecsname{SET#1}}%
    \ifx\temp\empty
      \next{}%
    \else
      \setzzz#2\endsetzzz
    \fi
  }%
}
% Remove the trailing space \setxxx inserted.
\def\setzzz#1 \endsetzzz{\next{#1}}

% @clear VAR clears (i.e., unsets) the variable VAR.
%
\parseargdef\clear{%
  {%
    \makevalueexpandable
    \global\expandafter\let\csname SET#1\endcsname=\relax
  }%
}

% @value{foo} gets the text saved in variable foo.
\def\value{\begingroup\makevalueexpandable\valuexxx}
\def\valuexxx#1{\expandablevalue{#1}\endgroup}
{
  \catcode`\- = \active \catcode`\_ = \active
  %
  \gdef\makevalueexpandable{%
    \let\value = \expandablevalue
    % We don't want these characters active, ...
    \catcode`\-=\other \catcode`\_=\other
    % ..., but we might end up with active ones in the argument if
    % we're called from @code, as @code{@value{foo-bar_}}, though.
    % So \let them to their normal equivalents.
    \let-\realdash \let_\normalunderscore
  }
}

% We have this subroutine so that we can handle at least some @value's
% properly in indexes (we call \makevalueexpandable in \indexdummies).
% The command has to be fully expandable (if the variable is set), since
% the result winds up in the index file.  This means that if the
% variable's value contains other Texinfo commands, it's almost certain
% it will fail (although perhaps we could fix that with sufficient work
% to do a one-level expansion on the result, instead of complete).
%
\def\expandablevalue#1{%
  \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax
    {[No value for ``#1'']}%
    \message{Variable `#1', used in @value, is not set.}%
  \else
    \csname SET#1\endcsname
  \fi
}

% @ifset VAR ... @end ifset reads the `...' iff VAR has been defined
% with @set.
%
% To get special treatment of `@end ifset,' call \makeond and the redefine.
%
\makecond{ifset}
\def\ifset{\parsearg{\doifset{\let\next=\ifsetfail}}}
\def\doifset#1#2{%
  {%
    \makevalueexpandable
    \let\next=\empty
    \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#2\endcsname\relax
      #1% If not set, redefine \next.
    \fi
    \expandafter
  }\next
}
\def\ifsetfail{\doignore{ifset}}

% @ifclear VAR ... @end ifclear reads the `...' iff VAR has never been
% defined with @set, or has been undefined with @clear.
%
% The `\else' inside the `\doifset' parameter is a trick to reuse the
% above code: if the variable is not set, do nothing, if it is set,
% then redefine \next to \ifclearfail.
%
\makecond{ifclear}
\def\ifclear{\parsearg{\doifset{\else \let\next=\ifclearfail}}}
\def\ifclearfail{\doignore{ifclear}}

% @dircategory CATEGORY  -- specify a category of the dir file
% which this file should belong to.  Ignore this in TeX.
\let\dircategory=\comment

% @defininfoenclose.
\let\definfoenclose=\comment


\message{indexing,}
% Index generation facilities

% Define \newwrite to be identical to plain tex's \newwrite
% except not \outer, so it can be used within macros and \if's.
\edef\newwrite{\makecsname{ptexnewwrite}}

% \newindex {foo} defines an index named foo.
% It automatically defines \fooindex such that
% \fooindex ...rest of line... puts an entry in the index foo.
% It also defines \fooindfile to be the number of the output channel for
% the file that accumulates this index.  The file's extension is foo.
% The name of an index should be no more than 2 characters long
% for the sake of vms.
%
\def\newindex#1{%
  \iflinks
    \expandafter\newwrite \csname#1indfile\endcsname
    \openout \csname#1indfile\endcsname \jobname.#1 % Open the file
  \fi
  \expandafter\xdef\csname#1index\endcsname{%     % Define @#1index
    \noexpand\doindex{#1}}
}

% @defindex foo  ==  \newindex{foo}
%
\def\defindex{\parsearg\newindex}

% Define @defcodeindex, like @defindex except put all entries in @code.
%
\def\defcodeindex{\parsearg\newcodeindex}
%
\def\newcodeindex#1{%
  \iflinks
    \expandafter\newwrite \csname#1indfile\endcsname
    \openout \csname#1indfile\endcsname \jobname.#1
  \fi
  \expandafter\xdef\csname#1index\endcsname{%
    \noexpand\docodeindex{#1}}%
}


% @synindex foo bar    makes index foo feed into index bar.
% Do this instead of @defindex foo if you don't want it as a separate index.
%
% @syncodeindex foo bar   similar, but put all entries made for index foo
% inside @code.
%
\def\synindex#1 #2 {\dosynindex\doindex{#1}{#2}}
\def\syncodeindex#1 #2 {\dosynindex\docodeindex{#1}{#2}}

% #1 is \doindex or \docodeindex, #2 the index getting redefined (foo),
% #3 the target index (bar).
\def\dosynindex#1#2#3{%
  % Only do \closeout if we haven't already done it, else we'll end up
  % closing the target index.
  \expandafter \ifx\csname donesynindex#2\endcsname \undefined
    % The \closeout helps reduce unnecessary open files; the limit on the
    % Acorn RISC OS is a mere 16 files.
    \expandafter\closeout\csname#2indfile\endcsname
    \expandafter\let\csname\donesynindex#2\endcsname = 1
  \fi
  % redefine \fooindfile:
  \expandafter\let\expandafter\temp\expandafter=\csname#3indfile\endcsname
  \expandafter\let\csname#2indfile\endcsname=\temp
  % redefine \fooindex:
  \expandafter\xdef\csname#2index\endcsname{\noexpand#1{#3}}%
}

% Define \doindex, the driver for all \fooindex macros.
% Argument #1 is generated by the calling \fooindex macro,
%  and it is "foo", the name of the index.

% \doindex just uses \parsearg; it calls \doind for the actual work.
% This is because \doind is more useful to call from other macros.

% There is also \dosubind {index}{topic}{subtopic}
% which makes an entry in a two-level index such as the operation index.

\def\doindex#1{\edef\indexname{#1}\parsearg\singleindexer}
\def\singleindexer #1{\doind{\indexname}{#1}}

% like the previous two, but they put @code around the argument.
\def\docodeindex#1{\edef\indexname{#1}\parsearg\singlecodeindexer}
\def\singlecodeindexer #1{\doind{\indexname}{\code{#1}}}

% Take care of Texinfo commands that can appear in an index entry.
% Since there are some commands we want to expand, and others we don't,
% we have to laboriously prevent expansion for those that we don't.
%
\def\indexdummies{%
  \escapechar = `\\     % use backslash in output files.
  \def\@{@}% change to @@ when we switch to @ as escape char in index files.
  \def\ {\realbackslash\space }%
  %
  % Need these in case \tex is in effect and \{ is a \delimiter again.
  % But can't use \lbracecmd and \rbracecmd because texindex assumes
  % braces and backslashes are used only as delimiters.
  \let\{ = \mylbrace
  \let\} = \myrbrace
  %
  % I don't entirely understand this, but when an index entry is
  % generated from a macro call, the \endinput which \scanmacro inserts
  % causes processing to be prematurely terminated.  This is,
  % apparently, because \indexsorttmp is fully expanded, and \endinput
  % is an expandable command.  The redefinition below makes \endinput
  % disappear altogether for that purpose -- although logging shows that
  % processing continues to some further point.  On the other hand, it
  % seems \endinput does not hurt in the printed index arg, since that
  % is still getting written without apparent harm.
  %
  % Sample source (mac-idx3.tex, reported by Graham Percival to
  % help-texinfo, 22may06):
  % @macro funindex {WORD}
  % @findex xyz
  % @end macro
  % ...
  % @funindex commtest
  %
  % The above is not enough to reproduce the bug, but it gives the flavor.
  %
  % Sample whatsit resulting:
  % .@write3{\entry{xyz}{@folio }{@code {xyz@endinput }}}
  %
  % So:
  \let\endinput = \empty
  %
  % Do the redefinitions.
  \commondummies
}

% For the aux and toc files, @ is the escape character.  So we want to
% redefine everything using @ as the escape character (instead of
% \realbackslash, still used for index files).  When everything uses @,
% this will be simpler.
%
\def\atdummies{%
  \def\@{@@}%
  \def\ {@ }%
  \let\{ = \lbraceatcmd
  \let\} = \rbraceatcmd
  %
  % Do the redefinitions.
  \commondummies
  \otherbackslash
}

% Called from \indexdummies and \atdummies.
%
\def\commondummies{%
  %
  % \definedummyword defines \#1 as \string\#1\space, thus effectively
  % preventing its expansion.  This is used only for control% words,
  % not control letters, because the \space would be incorrect for
  % control characters, but is needed to separate the control word
  % from whatever follows.
  %
  % For control letters, we have \definedummyletter, which omits the
  % space.
  %
  % These can be used both for control words that take an argument and
  % those that do not.  If it is followed by {arg} in the input, then
  % that will dutifully get written to the index (or wherever).
  %
  \def\definedummyword  ##1{\def##1{\string##1\space}}%
  \def\definedummyletter##1{\def##1{\string##1}}%
  \let\definedummyaccent\definedummyletter
  %
  \commondummiesnofonts
  %
  \definedummyletter\_%
  %
  % Non-English letters.
  \definedummyword\AA
  \definedummyword\AE
  \definedummyword\L
  \definedummyword\OE
  \definedummyword\O
  \definedummyword\aa
  \definedummyword\ae
  \definedummyword\l
  \definedummyword\oe
  \definedummyword\o
  \definedummyword\ss
  \definedummyword\exclamdown
  \definedummyword\questiondown
  \definedummyword\ordf
  \definedummyword\ordm
  %
  % Although these internal commands shouldn't show up, sometimes they do.
  \definedummyword\bf
  \definedummyword\gtr
  \definedummyword\hat
  \definedummyword\less
  \definedummyword\sf
  \definedummyword\sl
  \definedummyword\tclose
  \definedummyword\tt
  %
  \definedummyword\LaTeX
  \definedummyword\TeX
  %
  % Assorted special characters.
  \definedummyword\bullet
  \definedummyword\comma
  \definedummyword\copyright
  \definedummyword\registeredsymbol
  \definedummyword\dots
  \definedummyword\enddots
  \definedummyword\equiv
  \definedummyword\error
  \definedummyword\euro
  \definedummyword\expansion
  \definedummyword\minus
  \definedummyword\pounds
  \definedummyword\point
  \definedummyword\print
  \definedummyword\result
  \definedummyword\textdegree
  %
  % We want to disable all macros so that they are not expanded by \write.
  \macrolist
  %
  \normalturnoffactive
  %
  % Handle some cases of @value -- where it does not contain any
  % (non-fully-expandable) commands.
  \makevalueexpandable
}

% \commondummiesnofonts: common to \commondummies and \indexnofonts.
%
\def\commondummiesnofonts{%
  % Control letters and accents.
  \definedummyletter\!%
  \definedummyaccent\"%
  \definedummyaccent\'%
  \definedummyletter\*%
  \definedummyaccent\,%
  \definedummyletter\.%
  \definedummyletter\/%
  \definedummyletter\:%
  \definedummyaccent\=%
  \definedummyletter\?%
  \definedummyaccent\^%
  \definedummyaccent\`%
  \definedummyaccent\~%
  \definedummyword\u
  \definedummyword\v
  \definedummyword\H
  \definedummyword\dotaccent
  \definedummyword\ringaccent
  \definedummyword\tieaccent
  \definedummyword\ubaraccent
  \definedummyword\udotaccent
  \definedummyword\dotless
  %
  % Texinfo font commands.
  \definedummyword\b
  \definedummyword\i
  \definedummyword\r
  \definedummyword\sc
  \definedummyword\t
  %
  % Commands that take arguments.
  \definedummyword\acronym
  \definedummyword\cite
  \definedummyword\code
  \definedummyword\command
  \definedummyword\dfn
  \definedummyword\emph
  \definedummyword\env
  \definedummyword\file
  \definedummyword\kbd
  \definedummyword\key
  \definedummyword\math
  \definedummyword\option
  \definedummyword\pxref
  \definedummyword\ref
  \definedummyword\samp
  \definedummyword\strong
  \definedummyword\tie
  \definedummyword\uref
  \definedummyword\url
  \definedummyword\var
  \definedummyword\verb
  \definedummyword\w
  \definedummyword\xref
}

% \indexnofonts is used when outputting the strings to sort the index
% by, and when constructing control sequence names.  It eliminates all
% control sequences and just writes whatever the best ASCII sort string
% would be for a given command (usually its argument).
%
\def\indexnofonts{%
  % Accent commands should become @asis.
  \def\definedummyaccent##1{\let##1\asis}%
  % We can just ignore other control letters.
  \def\definedummyletter##1{\let##1\empty}%
  % Hopefully, all control words can become @asis.
  \let\definedummyword\definedummyaccent
  %
  \commondummiesnofonts
  %
  % Don't no-op \tt, since it isn't a user-level command
  % and is used in the definitions of the active chars like <, >, |, etc.
  % Likewise with the other plain tex font commands.
  %\let\tt=\asis
  %
  \def\ { }%
  \def\@{@}%
  % how to handle braces?
  \def\_{\normalunderscore}%
  %
  % Non-English letters.
  \def\AA{AA}%
  \def\AE{AE}%
  \def\L{L}%
  \def\OE{OE}%
  \def\O{O}%
  \def\aa{aa}%
  \def\ae{ae}%
  \def\l{l}%
  \def\oe{oe}%
  \def\o{o}%
  \def\ss{ss}%
  \def\exclamdown{!}%
  \def\questiondown{?}%
  \def\ordf{a}%
  \def\ordm{o}%
  %
  \def\LaTeX{LaTeX}%
  \def\TeX{TeX}%
  %
  % Assorted special characters.
  % (The following {} will end up in the sort string, but that's ok.)
  \def\bullet{bullet}%
  \def\comma{,}%
  \def\copyright{copyright}%
  \def\registeredsymbol{R}%
  \def\dots{...}%
  \def\enddots{...}%
  \def\equiv{==}%
  \def\error{error}%
  \def\euro{euro}%
  \def\expansion{==>}%
  \def\minus{-}%
  \def\pounds{pounds}%
  \def\point{.}%
  \def\print{-|}%
  \def\result{=>}%
  \def\textdegree{degrees}%
  %
  % We need to get rid of all macros, leaving only the arguments (if present).
  % Of course this is not nearly correct, but it is the best we can do for now.
  % makeinfo does not expand macros in the argument to @deffn, which ends up
  % writing an index entry, and texindex isn't prepared for an index sort entry
  % that starts with \.
  %
  % Since macro invocations are followed by braces, we can just redefine them
  % to take a single TeX argument.  The case of a macro invocation that
  % goes to end-of-line is not handled.
  %
  \macrolist
}

\let\indexbackslash=0  %overridden during \printindex.
\let\SETmarginindex=\relax % put index entries in margin (undocumented)?

% Most index entries go through here, but \dosubind is the general case.
% #1 is the index name, #2 is the entry text.
\def\doind#1#2{\dosubind{#1}{#2}{}}

% Workhorse for all \fooindexes.
% #1 is name of index, #2 is stuff to put there, #3 is subentry --
% empty if called from \doind, as we usually are (the main exception
% is with most defuns, which call us directly).
%
\def\dosubind#1#2#3{%
  \iflinks
  {%
    % Store the main index entry text (including the third arg).
    \toks0 = {#2}%
    % If third arg is present, precede it with a space.
    \def\thirdarg{#3}%
    \ifx\thirdarg\empty \else
      \toks0 = \expandafter{\the\toks0 \space #3}%
    \fi
    %
    \edef\writeto{\csname#1indfile\endcsname}%
    %
    \ifvmode
      \dosubindsanitize
    \else
      \dosubindwrite
    \fi
  }%
  \fi
}

% Write the entry in \toks0 to the index file:
%
\def\dosubindwrite{%
  % Put the index entry in the margin if desired.
  \ifx\SETmarginindex\relax\else
    \insert\margin{\hbox{\vrule height8pt depth3pt width0pt \the\toks0}}%
  \fi
  %
  % Remember, we are within a group.
  \indexdummies % Must do this here, since \bf, etc expand at this stage
  \def\backslashcurfont{\indexbackslash}% \indexbackslash isn't defined now
      % so it will be output as is; and it will print as backslash.
  %
  % Process the index entry with all font commands turned off, to
  % get the string to sort by.
  {\indexnofonts
   \edef\temp{\the\toks0}% need full expansion
   \xdef\indexsorttmp{\temp}%
  }%
  %
  % Set up the complete index entry, with both the sort key and
  % the original text, including any font commands.  We write
  % three arguments to \entry to the .?? file (four in the
  % subentry case), texindex reduces to two when writing the .??s
  % sorted result.
  \edef\temp{%
    \write\writeto{%
      \string\entry{\indexsorttmp}{\noexpand\folio}{\the\toks0}}%
  }%
  \temp
}

% Take care of unwanted page breaks:
%
% If a skip is the last thing on the list now, preserve it
% by backing up by \lastskip, doing the \write, then inserting
% the skip again.  Otherwise, the whatsit generated by the
% \write will make \lastskip zero.  The result is that sequences
% like this:
% @end defun
% @tindex whatever
% @defun ...
% will have extra space inserted, because the \medbreak in the
% start of the @defun won't see the skip inserted by the @end of
% the previous defun.
%
% But don't do any of this if we're not in vertical mode.  We
% don't want to do a \vskip and prematurely end a paragraph.
%
% Avoid page breaks due to these extra skips, too.
%
% But wait, there is a catch there:
% We'll have to check whether \lastskip is zero skip.  \ifdim is not
% sufficient for this purpose, as it ignores stretch and shrink parts
% of the skip.  The only way seems to be to check the textual
% representation of the skip.
%
% The following is almost like \def\zeroskipmacro{0.0pt} except that
% the ``p'' and ``t'' characters have catcode \other, not 11 (letter).
%
\edef\zeroskipmacro{\expandafter\the\csname z@skip\endcsname}
%
% ..., ready, GO:
%
\def\dosubindsanitize{%
  % \lastskip and \lastpenalty cannot both be nonzero simultaneously.
  \skip0 = \lastskip
  \edef\lastskipmacro{\the\lastskip}%
  \count255 = \lastpenalty
  %
  % If \lastskip is nonzero, that means the last item was a
  % skip.  And since a skip is discardable, that means this
  % -\skip0 glue we're inserting is preceded by a
  % non-discardable item, therefore it is not a potential
  % breakpoint, therefore no \nobreak needed.
  \ifx\lastskipmacro\zeroskipmacro
  \else
    \vskip-\skip0
  \fi
  %
  \dosubindwrite
  %
  \ifx\lastskipmacro\zeroskipmacro
    % If \lastskip was zero, perhaps the last item was a penalty, and
    % perhaps it was >=10000, e.g., a \nobreak.  In that case, we want
    % to re-insert the same penalty (values >10000 are used for various
    % signals); since we just inserted a non-discardable item, any
    % following glue (such as a \parskip) would be a breakpoint.  For example:
    %
    %   @deffn deffn-whatever
    %   @vindex index-whatever
    %   Description.
    % would allow a break between the index-whatever whatsit
    % and the "Description." paragraph.
    \ifnum\count255>9999 \penalty\count255 \fi
  \else
    % On the other hand, if we had a nonzero \lastskip,
    % this make-up glue would be preceded by a non-discardable item
    % (the whatsit from the \write), so we must insert a \nobreak.
    \nobreak\vskip\skip0
  \fi
}

% The index entry written in the file actually looks like
%  \entry {sortstring}{page}{topic}
% or
%  \entry {sortstring}{page}{topic}{subtopic}
% The texindex program reads in these files and writes files
% containing these kinds of lines:
%  \initial {c}
%     before the first topic whose initial is c
%  \entry {topic}{pagelist}
%     for a topic that is used without subtopics
%  \primary {topic}
%     for the beginning of a topic that is used with subtopics
%  \secondary {subtopic}{pagelist}
%     for each subtopic.

% Define the user-accessible indexing commands
% @findex, @vindex, @kindex, @cindex.

\def\findex {\fnindex}
\def\kindex {\kyindex}
\def\cindex {\cpindex}
\def\vindex {\vrindex}
\def\tindex {\tpindex}
\def\pindex {\pgindex}

\def\cindexsub {\begingroup\obeylines\cindexsub}
{\obeylines %
\gdef\cindexsub "#1" #2^^M{\endgroup %
\dosubind{cp}{#2}{#1}}}

% Define the macros used in formatting output of the sorted index material.

% @printindex causes a particular index (the ??s file) to get printed.
% It does not print any chapter heading (usually an @unnumbered).
%
\parseargdef\printindex{\begingroup
  \dobreak \chapheadingskip{10000}%
  %
  \smallfonts \rm
  \tolerance = 9500
  \everypar = {}% don't want the \kern\-parindent from indentation suppression.
  %
  % See if the index file exists and is nonempty.
  % Change catcode of @ here so that if the index file contains
  % \initial {@}
  % as its first line, TeX doesn't complain about mismatched braces
  % (because it thinks @} is a control sequence).
  \catcode`\@ = 11
  \openin 1 \jobname.#1s
  \ifeof 1
    % \enddoublecolumns gets confused if there is no text in the index,
    % and it loses the chapter title and the aux file entries for the
    % index.  The easiest way to prevent this problem is to make sure
    % there is some text.
    \putwordIndexNonexistent
  \else
    %
    % If the index file exists but is empty, then \openin leaves \ifeof
    % false.  We have to make TeX try to read something from the file, so
    % it can discover if there is anything in it.
    \read 1 to \temp
    \ifeof 1
      \putwordIndexIsEmpty
    \else
      % Index files are almost Texinfo source, but we use \ as the escape
      % character.  It would be better to use @, but that's too big a change
      % to make right now.
      \def\indexbackslash{\backslashcurfont}%
      \catcode`\\ = 0
      \escapechar = `\\
      \begindoublecolumns
      \input \jobname.#1s
      \enddoublecolumns
    \fi
  \fi
  \closein 1
\endgroup}

% These macros are used by the sorted index file itself.
% Change them to control the appearance of the index.

\def\initial#1{{%
  % Some minor font changes for the special characters.
  \let\tentt=\sectt \let\tt=\sectt \let\sf=\sectt
  %
  % Remove any glue we may have, we'll be inserting our own.
  \removelastskip
  %
  % We like breaks before the index initials, so insert a bonus.
  \nobreak
  \vskip 0pt plus 3\baselineskip
  \penalty 0
  \vskip 0pt plus -3\baselineskip
  %
  % Typeset the initial.  Making this add up to a whole number of
  % baselineskips increases the chance of the dots lining up from column
  % to column.  It still won't often be perfect, because of the stretch
  % we need before each entry, but it's better.
  %
  % No shrink because it confuses \balancecolumns.
  \vskip 1.67\baselineskip plus .5\baselineskip
  \leftline{\secbf #1}%
  % Do our best not to break after the initial.
  \nobreak
  \vskip .33\baselineskip plus .1\baselineskip
}}

% \entry typesets a paragraph consisting of the text (#1), dot leaders, and
% then page number (#2) flushed to the right margin.  It is used for index
% and table of contents entries.  The paragraph is indented by \leftskip.
%
% A straightforward implementation would start like this:
%	\def\entry#1#2{...
% But this frozes the catcodes in the argument, and can cause problems to
% @code, which sets - active.  This problem was fixed by a kludge---
% ``-'' was active throughout whole index, but this isn't really right.
%
% The right solution is to prevent \entry from swallowing the whole text.
%                                 --kasal, 21nov03
\def\entry{%
  \begingroup
    %
    % Start a new paragraph if necessary, so our assignments below can't
    % affect previous text.
    \par
    %
    % Do not fill out the last line with white space.
    \parfillskip = 0in
    %
    % No extra space above this paragraph.
    \parskip = 0in
    %
    % Do not prefer a separate line ending with a hyphen to fewer lines.
    \finalhyphendemerits = 0
    %
    % \hangindent is only relevant when the entry text and page number
    % don't both fit on one line.  In that case, bob suggests starting the
    % dots pretty far over on the line.  Unfortunately, a large
    % indentation looks wrong when the entry text itself is broken across
    % lines.  So we use a small indentation and put up with long leaders.
    %
    % \hangafter is reset to 1 (which is the value we want) at the start
    % of each paragraph, so we need not do anything with that.
    \hangindent = 2em
    %
    % When the entry text needs to be broken, just fill out the first line
    % with blank space.
    \rightskip = 0pt plus1fil
    %
    % A bit of stretch before each entry for the benefit of balancing
    % columns.
    \vskip 0pt plus1pt
    %
    % Swallow the left brace of the text (first parameter):
    \afterassignment\doentry
    \let\temp =
}
\def\doentry{%
    \bgroup % Instead of the swallowed brace.
      \noindent
      \aftergroup\finishentry
      % And now comes the text of the entry.
}
\def\finishentry#1{%
    % #1 is the page number.
    %
    % The following is kludged to not output a line of dots in the index if
    % there are no page numbers.  The next person who breaks this will be
    % cursed by a Unix daemon.
    \def\tempa{{\rm }}%
    \def\tempb{#1}%
    \edef\tempc{\tempa}%
    \edef\tempd{\tempb}%
    \ifx\tempc\tempd
      \ %
    \else
      %
      % If we must, put the page number on a line of its own, and fill out
      % this line with blank space.  (The \hfil is overwhelmed with the
      % fill leaders glue in \indexdotfill if the page number does fit.)
      \hfil\penalty50
      \null\nobreak\indexdotfill % Have leaders before the page number.
      %
      % The `\ ' here is removed by the implicit \unskip that TeX does as
      % part of (the primitive) \par.  Without it, a spurious underfull
      % \hbox ensues.
      \ifpdf
	\pdfgettoks#1.%
	\ \the\toksA
      \else
	\ #1%
      \fi
    \fi
    \par
  \endgroup
}

% Like plain.tex's \dotfill, except uses up at least 1 em.
\def\indexdotfill{\cleaders
  \hbox{$\mathsurround=0pt \mkern1.5mu.\mkern1.5mu$}\hskip 1em plus 1fill}

\def\primary #1{\line{#1\hfil}}

\newskip\secondaryindent \secondaryindent=0.5cm
\def\secondary#1#2{{%
  \parfillskip=0in
  \parskip=0in
  \hangindent=1in
  \hangafter=1
  \noindent\hskip\secondaryindent\hbox{#1}\indexdotfill
  \ifpdf
    \pdfgettoks#2.\ \the\toksA % The page number ends the paragraph.
  \else
    #2
  \fi
  \par
}}

% Define two-column mode, which we use to typeset indexes.
% Adapted from the TeXbook, page 416, which is to say,
% the manmac.tex format used to print the TeXbook itself.
\catcode`\@=11

\newbox\partialpage
\newdimen\doublecolumnhsize

\def\begindoublecolumns{\begingroup % ended by \enddoublecolumns
  % Grab any single-column material above us.
  \output = {%
    %
    % Here is a possibility not foreseen in manmac: if we accumulate a
    % whole lot of material, we might end up calling this \output
    % routine twice in a row (see the doublecol-lose test, which is
    % essentially a couple of indexes with @setchapternewpage off).  In
    % that case we just ship out what is in \partialpage with the normal
    % output routine.  Generally, \partialpage will be empty when this
    % runs and this will be a no-op.  See the indexspread.tex test case.
    \ifvoid\partialpage \else
      \onepageout{\pagecontents\partialpage}%
    \fi
    %
    \global\setbox\partialpage = \vbox{%
      % Unvbox the main output page.
      \unvbox\PAGE
      \kern-\topskip \kern\baselineskip
    }%
  }%
  \eject % run that output routine to set \partialpage
  %
  % Use the double-column output routine for subsequent pages.
  \output = {\doublecolumnout}%
  %
  % Change the page size parameters.  We could do this once outside this
  % routine, in each of @smallbook, @afourpaper, and the default 8.5x11
  % format, but then we repeat the same computation.  Repeating a couple
  % of assignments once per index is clearly meaningless for the
  % execution time, so we may as well do it in one place.
  %
  % First we halve the line length, less a little for the gutter between
  % the columns.  We compute the gutter based on the line length, so it
  % changes automatically with the paper format.  The magic constant
  % below is chosen so that the gutter has the same value (well, +-<1pt)
  % as it did when we hard-coded it.
  %
  % We put the result in a separate register, \doublecolumhsize, so we
  % can restore it in \pagesofar, after \hsize itself has (potentially)
  % been clobbered.
  %
  \doublecolumnhsize = \hsize
    \advance\doublecolumnhsize by -.04154\hsize
    \divide\doublecolumnhsize by 2
  \hsize = \doublecolumnhsize
  %
  % Double the \vsize as well.  (We don't need a separate register here,
  % since nobody clobbers \vsize.)
  \vsize = 2\vsize
}

% The double-column output routine for all double-column pages except
% the last.
%
\def\doublecolumnout{%
  \splittopskip=\topskip \splitmaxdepth=\maxdepth
  % Get the available space for the double columns -- the normal
  % (undoubled) page height minus any material left over from the
  % previous page.
  \dimen@ = \vsize
  \divide\dimen@ by 2
  \advance\dimen@ by -\ht\partialpage
  %
  % box0 will be the left-hand column, box2 the right.
  \setbox0=\vsplit255 to\dimen@ \setbox2=\vsplit255 to\dimen@
  \onepageout\pagesofar
  \unvbox255
  \penalty\outputpenalty
}
%
% Re-output the contents of the output page -- any previous material,
% followed by the two boxes we just split, in box0 and box2.
\def\pagesofar{%
  \unvbox\partialpage
  %
  \hsize = \doublecolumnhsize
  \wd0=\hsize \wd2=\hsize
  \hbox to\pagewidth{\box0\hfil\box2}%
}
%
% All done with double columns.
\def\enddoublecolumns{%
  \output = {%
    % Split the last of the double-column material.  Leave it on the
    % current page, no automatic page break.
    \balancecolumns
    %
    % If we end up splitting too much material for the current page,
    % though, there will be another page break right after this \output
    % invocation ends.  Having called \balancecolumns once, we do not
    % want to call it again.  Therefore, reset \output to its normal
    % definition right away.  (We hope \balancecolumns will never be
    % called on to balance too much material, but if it is, this makes
    % the output somewhat more palatable.)
    \global\output = {\onepageout{\pagecontents\PAGE}}%
  }%
  \eject
  \endgroup % started in \begindoublecolumns
  %
  % \pagegoal was set to the doubled \vsize above, since we restarted
  % the current page.  We're now back to normal single-column
  % typesetting, so reset \pagegoal to the normal \vsize (after the
  % \endgroup where \vsize got restored).
  \pagegoal = \vsize
}
%
% Called at the end of the double column material.
\def\balancecolumns{%
  \setbox0 = \vbox{\unvbox255}% like \box255 but more efficient, see p.120.
  \dimen@ = \ht0
  \advance\dimen@ by \topskip
  \advance\dimen@ by-\baselineskip
  \divide\dimen@ by 2 % target to split to
  %debug\message{final 2-column material height=\the\ht0, target=\the\dimen@.}%
  \splittopskip = \topskip
  % Loop until we get a decent breakpoint.
  {%
    \vbadness = 10000
    \loop
      \global\setbox3 = \copy0
      \global\setbox1 = \vsplit3 to \dimen@
    \ifdim\ht3>\dimen@
      \global\advance\dimen@ by 1pt
    \repeat
  }%
  %debug\message{split to \the\dimen@, column heights: \the\ht1, \the\ht3.}%
  \setbox0=\vbox to\dimen@{\unvbox1}%
  \setbox2=\vbox to\dimen@{\unvbox3}%
  %
  \pagesofar
}
\catcode`\@ = \other


\message{sectioning,}
% Chapters, sections, etc.

% \unnumberedno is an oxymoron, of course.  But we count the unnumbered
% sections so that we can refer to them unambiguously in the pdf
% outlines by their "section number".  We avoid collisions with chapter
% numbers by starting them at 10000.  (If a document ever has 10000
% chapters, we're in trouble anyway, I'm sure.)
\newcount\unnumberedno \unnumberedno = 10000
\newcount\chapno
\newcount\secno        \secno=0
\newcount\subsecno     \subsecno=0
\newcount\subsubsecno  \subsubsecno=0

% This counter is funny since it counts through charcodes of letters A, B, ...
\newcount\appendixno  \appendixno = `\@
%
% \def\appendixletter{\char\the\appendixno}
% We do the following ugly conditional instead of the above simple
% construct for the sake of pdftex, which needs the actual
% letter in the expansion, not just typeset.
%
\def\appendixletter{%
  \ifnum\appendixno=`A A%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`B B%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`C C%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`D D%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`E E%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`F F%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`G G%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`H H%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`I I%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`J J%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`K K%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`L L%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`M M%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`N N%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`O O%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`P P%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`Q Q%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`R R%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`S S%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`T T%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`U U%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`V V%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`W W%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`X X%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`Y Y%
  \else\ifnum\appendixno=`Z Z%
  % The \the is necessary, despite appearances, because \appendixletter is
  % expanded while writing the .toc file.  \char\appendixno is not
  % expandable, thus it is written literally, thus all appendixes come out
  % with the same letter (or @) in the toc without it.
  \else\char\the\appendixno
  \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi
  \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi}

% Each @chapter defines this as the name of the chapter.
% page headings and footings can use it.  @section does likewise.
% However, they are not reliable, because we don't use marks.
\def\thischapter{}
\def\thissection{}

\newcount\absseclevel % used to calculate proper heading level
\newcount\secbase\secbase=0 % @raisesections/@lowersections modify this count

% @raisesections: treat @section as chapter, @subsection as section, etc.
\def\raisesections{\global\advance\secbase by -1}
\let\up=\raisesections % original BFox name

% @lowersections: treat @chapter as section, @section as subsection, etc.
\def\lowersections{\global\advance\secbase by 1}
\let\down=\lowersections % original BFox name

% we only have subsub.
\chardef\maxseclevel = 3
%
% A numbered section within an unnumbered changes to unnumbered too.
% To achive this, remember the "biggest" unnum. sec. we are currently in:
\chardef\unmlevel = \maxseclevel
%
% Trace whether the current chapter is an appendix or not:
% \chapheadtype is "N" or "A", unnumbered chapters are ignored.
\def\chapheadtype{N}

% Choose a heading macro
% #1 is heading type
% #2 is heading level
% #3 is text for heading
\def\genhead#1#2#3{%
  % Compute the abs. sec. level:
  \absseclevel=#2
  \advance\absseclevel by \secbase
  % Make sure \absseclevel doesn't fall outside the range:
  \ifnum \absseclevel < 0
    \absseclevel = 0
  \else
    \ifnum \absseclevel > 3
      \absseclevel = 3
    \fi
  \fi
  % The heading type:
  \def\headtype{#1}%
  \if \headtype U%
    \ifnum \absseclevel < \unmlevel
      \chardef\unmlevel = \absseclevel
    \fi
  \else
    % Check for appendix sections:
    \ifnum \absseclevel = 0
      \edef\chapheadtype{\headtype}%
    \else
      \if \headtype A\if \chapheadtype N%
	\errmessage{@appendix... within a non-appendix chapter}%
      \fi\fi
    \fi
    % Check for numbered within unnumbered:
    \ifnum \absseclevel > \unmlevel
      \def\headtype{U}%
    \else
      \chardef\unmlevel = 3
    \fi
  \fi
  % Now print the heading:
  \if \headtype U%
    \ifcase\absseclevel
	\unnumberedzzz{#3}%
    \or \unnumberedseczzz{#3}%
    \or \unnumberedsubseczzz{#3}%
    \or \unnumberedsubsubseczzz{#3}%
    \fi
  \else
    \if \headtype A%
      \ifcase\absseclevel
	  \appendixzzz{#3}%
      \or \appendixsectionzzz{#3}%
      \or \appendixsubseczzz{#3}%
      \or \appendixsubsubseczzz{#3}%
      \fi
    \else
      \ifcase\absseclevel
	  \chapterzzz{#3}%
      \or \seczzz{#3}%
      \or \numberedsubseczzz{#3}%
      \or \numberedsubsubseczzz{#3}%
      \fi
    \fi
  \fi
  \suppressfirstparagraphindent
}

% an interface:
\def\numhead{\genhead N}
\def\apphead{\genhead A}
\def\unnmhead{\genhead U}

% @chapter, @appendix, @unnumbered.  Increment top-level counter, reset
% all lower-level sectioning counters to zero.
%
% Also set \chaplevelprefix, which we prepend to @float sequence numbers
% (e.g., figures), q.v.  By default (before any chapter), that is empty.
\let\chaplevelprefix = \empty
%
\outer\parseargdef\chapter{\numhead0{#1}} % normally numhead0 calls chapterzzz
\def\chapterzzz#1{%
  % section resetting is \global in case the chapter is in a group, such
  % as an @include file.
  \global\secno=0 \global\subsecno=0 \global\subsubsecno=0
    \global\advance\chapno by 1
  %
  % Used for \float.
  \gdef\chaplevelprefix{\the\chapno.}%
  \resetallfloatnos
  %
  \message{\putwordChapter\space \the\chapno}%
  %
  % Write the actual heading.
  \chapmacro{#1}{Ynumbered}{\the\chapno}%
  %
  % So @section and the like are numbered underneath this chapter.
  \global\let\section = \numberedsec
  \global\let\subsection = \numberedsubsec
  \global\let\subsubsection = \numberedsubsubsec
}

\outer\parseargdef\appendix{\apphead0{#1}} % normally apphead0 calls appendixzzz
\def\appendixzzz#1{%
  \global\secno=0 \global\subsecno=0 \global\subsubsecno=0
    \global\advance\appendixno by 1
  \gdef\chaplevelprefix{\appendixletter.}%
  \resetallfloatnos
  %
  \def\appendixnum{\putwordAppendix\space \appendixletter}%
  \message{\appendixnum}%
  %
  \chapmacro{#1}{Yappendix}{\appendixletter}%
  %
  \global\let\section = \appendixsec
  \global\let\subsection = \appendixsubsec
  \global\let\subsubsection = \appendixsubsubsec
}

\outer\parseargdef\unnumbered{\unnmhead0{#1}} % normally unnmhead0 calls unnumberedzzz
\def\unnumberedzzz#1{%
  \global\secno=0 \global\subsecno=0 \global\subsubsecno=0
    \global\advance\unnumberedno by 1
  %
  % Since an unnumbered has no number, no prefix for figures.
  \global\let\chaplevelprefix = \empty
  \resetallfloatnos
  %
  % This used to be simply \message{#1}, but TeX fully expands the
  % argument to \message.  Therefore, if #1 contained @-commands, TeX
  % expanded them.  For example, in `@unnumbered The @cite{Book}', TeX
  % expanded @cite (which turns out to cause errors because \cite is meant
  % to be executed, not expanded).
  %
  % Anyway, we don't want the fully-expanded definition of @cite to appear
  % as a result of the \message, we just want `@cite' itself.  We use
  % \the to achieve this: TeX expands \the only once,
  % simply yielding the contents of .  (We also do this for
  % the toc entries.)
  \toks0 = {#1}%
  \message{(\the\toks0)}%
  %
  \chapmacro{#1}{Ynothing}{\the\unnumberedno}%
  %
  \global\let\section = \unnumberedsec
  \global\let\subsection = \unnumberedsubsec
  \global\let\subsubsection = \unnumberedsubsubsec
}

% @centerchap is like @unnumbered, but the heading is centered.
\outer\parseargdef\centerchap{%
  % Well, we could do the following in a group, but that would break
  % an assumption that \chapmacro is called at the outermost level.
  % Thus we are safer this way:		--kasal, 24feb04
  \let\centerparametersmaybe = \centerparameters
  \unnmhead0{#1}%
  \let\centerparametersmaybe = \relax
}

% @top is like @unnumbered.
\let\top\unnumbered

% Sections.
\outer\parseargdef\numberedsec{\numhead1{#1}} % normally calls seczzz
\def\seczzz#1{%
  \global\subsecno=0 \global\subsubsecno=0  \global\advance\secno by 1
  \sectionheading{#1}{sec}{Ynumbered}{\the\chapno.\the\secno}%
}

\outer\parseargdef\appendixsection{\apphead1{#1}} % normally calls appendixsectionzzz
\def\appendixsectionzzz#1{%
  \global\subsecno=0 \global\subsubsecno=0  \global\advance\secno by 1
  \sectionheading{#1}{sec}{Yappendix}{\appendixletter.\the\secno}%
}
\let\appendixsec\appendixsection

\outer\parseargdef\unnumberedsec{\unnmhead1{#1}} % normally calls unnumberedseczzz
\def\unnumberedseczzz#1{%
  \global\subsecno=0 \global\subsubsecno=0  \global\advance\secno by 1
  \sectionheading{#1}{sec}{Ynothing}{\the\unnumberedno.\the\secno}%
}

% Subsections.
\outer\parseargdef\numberedsubsec{\numhead2{#1}} % normally calls numberedsubseczzz
\def\numberedsubseczzz#1{%
  \global\subsubsecno=0  \global\advance\subsecno by 1
  \sectionheading{#1}{subsec}{Ynumbered}{\the\chapno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno}%
}

\outer\parseargdef\appendixsubsec{\apphead2{#1}} % normally calls appendixsubseczzz
\def\appendixsubseczzz#1{%
  \global\subsubsecno=0  \global\advance\subsecno by 1
  \sectionheading{#1}{subsec}{Yappendix}%
                 {\appendixletter.\the\secno.\the\subsecno}%
}

\outer\parseargdef\unnumberedsubsec{\unnmhead2{#1}} %normally calls unnumberedsubseczzz
\def\unnumberedsubseczzz#1{%
  \global\subsubsecno=0  \global\advance\subsecno by 1
  \sectionheading{#1}{subsec}{Ynothing}%
                 {\the\unnumberedno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno}%
}

% Subsubsections.
\outer\parseargdef\numberedsubsubsec{\numhead3{#1}} % normally numberedsubsubseczzz
\def\numberedsubsubseczzz#1{%
  \global\advance\subsubsecno by 1
  \sectionheading{#1}{subsubsec}{Ynumbered}%
                 {\the\chapno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno.\the\subsubsecno}%
}

\outer\parseargdef\appendixsubsubsec{\apphead3{#1}} % normally appendixsubsubseczzz
\def\appendixsubsubseczzz#1{%
  \global\advance\subsubsecno by 1
  \sectionheading{#1}{subsubsec}{Yappendix}%
                 {\appendixletter.\the\secno.\the\subsecno.\the\subsubsecno}%
}

\outer\parseargdef\unnumberedsubsubsec{\unnmhead3{#1}} %normally unnumberedsubsubseczzz
\def\unnumberedsubsubseczzz#1{%
  \global\advance\subsubsecno by 1
  \sectionheading{#1}{subsubsec}{Ynothing}%
                 {\the\unnumberedno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno.\the\subsubsecno}%
}

% These macros control what the section commands do, according
% to what kind of chapter we are in (ordinary, appendix, or unnumbered).
% Define them by default for a numbered chapter.
\let\section = \numberedsec
\let\subsection = \numberedsubsec
\let\subsubsection = \numberedsubsubsec

% Define @majorheading, @heading and @subheading

% NOTE on use of \vbox for chapter headings, section headings, and such:
%       1) We use \vbox rather than the earlier \line to permit
%          overlong headings to fold.
%       2) \hyphenpenalty is set to 10000 because hyphenation in a
%          heading is obnoxious; this forbids it.
%       3) Likewise, headings look best if no \parindent is used, and
%          if justification is not attempted.  Hence \raggedright.


\def\majorheading{%
  {\advance\chapheadingskip by 10pt \chapbreak }%
  \parsearg\chapheadingzzz
}

\def\chapheading{\chapbreak \parsearg\chapheadingzzz}
\def\chapheadingzzz#1{%
  {\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000
                    \parindent=0pt\raggedright
                    \rm #1\hfill}}%
  \bigskip \par\penalty 200\relax
  \suppressfirstparagraphindent
}

% @heading, @subheading, @subsubheading.
\parseargdef\heading{\sectionheading{#1}{sec}{Yomitfromtoc}{}
  \suppressfirstparagraphindent}
\parseargdef\subheading{\sectionheading{#1}{subsec}{Yomitfromtoc}{}
  \suppressfirstparagraphindent}
\parseargdef\subsubheading{\sectionheading{#1}{subsubsec}{Yomitfromtoc}{}
  \suppressfirstparagraphindent}

% These macros generate a chapter, section, etc. heading only
% (including whitespace, linebreaking, etc. around it),
% given all the information in convenient, parsed form.

%%% Args are the skip and penalty (usually negative)
\def\dobreak#1#2{\par\ifdim\lastskip<#1\removelastskip\penalty#2\vskip#1\fi}

%%% Define plain chapter starts, and page on/off switching for it
% Parameter controlling skip before chapter headings (if needed)

\newskip\chapheadingskip

\def\chapbreak{\dobreak \chapheadingskip {-4000}}
\def\chappager{\par\vfill\supereject}
\def\chapoddpage{\chappager \ifodd\pageno \else \hbox to 0pt{} \chappager\fi}

\def\setchapternewpage #1 {\csname CHAPPAG#1\endcsname}

\def\CHAPPAGoff{%
\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chappager
\global\let\pchapsepmacro=\chapbreak
\global\let\pagealignmacro=\chappager}

\def\CHAPPAGon{%
\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chappager
\global\let\pchapsepmacro=\chappager
\global\let\pagealignmacro=\chappager
\global\def\HEADINGSon{\HEADINGSsingle}}

\def\CHAPPAGodd{%
\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chapoddpage
\global\let\pchapsepmacro=\chapoddpage
\global\let\pagealignmacro=\chapoddpage
\global\def\HEADINGSon{\HEADINGSdouble}}

\CHAPPAGon

% Chapter opening.
%
% #1 is the text, #2 is the section type (Ynumbered, Ynothing,
% Yappendix, Yomitfromtoc), #3 the chapter number.
%
% To test against our argument.
\def\Ynothingkeyword{Ynothing}
\def\Yomitfromtockeyword{Yomitfromtoc}
\def\Yappendixkeyword{Yappendix}
%
\def\chapmacro#1#2#3{%
  \pchapsepmacro
  {%
    \chapfonts \rm
    %
    % Have to define \thissection before calling \donoderef, because the
    % xref code eventually uses it.  On the other hand, it has to be called
    % after \pchapsepmacro, or the headline will change too soon.
    \gdef\thissection{#1}%
    \gdef\thischaptername{#1}%
    %
    % Only insert the separating space if we have a chapter/appendix
    % number, and don't print the unnumbered ``number''.
    \def\temptype{#2}%
    \ifx\temptype\Ynothingkeyword
      \setbox0 = \hbox{}%
      \def\toctype{unnchap}%
      \gdef\thischapternum{}%
      \gdef\thischapter{#1}%
    \else\ifx\temptype\Yomitfromtockeyword
      \setbox0 = \hbox{}% contents like unnumbered, but no toc entry
      \def\toctype{omit}%
      \gdef\thischapternum{}%
      \gdef\thischapter{}%
    \else\ifx\temptype\Yappendixkeyword
      \setbox0 = \hbox{\putwordAppendix{} #3\enspace}%
      \def\toctype{app}%
      \xdef\thischapternum{\appendixletter}%
      % We don't substitute the actual chapter name into \thischapter
      % because we don't want its macros evaluated now.  And we don't
      % use \thissection because that changes with each section.
      %
      \xdef\thischapter{\putwordAppendix{} \appendixletter:
                        \noexpand\thischaptername}%
    \else
      \setbox0 = \hbox{#3\enspace}%
      \def\toctype{numchap}%
      \xdef\thischapternum{\the\chapno}%
      \xdef\thischapter{\putwordChapter{} \the\chapno:
                        \noexpand\thischaptername}%
    \fi\fi\fi
    %
    % Write the toc entry for this chapter.  Must come before the
    % \donoderef, because we include the current node name in the toc
    % entry, and \donoderef resets it to empty.
    \writetocentry{\toctype}{#1}{#3}%
    %
    % For pdftex, we have to write out the node definition (aka, make
    % the pdfdest) after any page break, but before the actual text has
    % been typeset.  If the destination for the pdf outline is after the
    % text, then jumping from the outline may wind up with the text not
    % being visible, for instance under high magnification.
    \donoderef{#2}%
    %
    % Typeset the actual heading.
    \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000 \tolerance=5000 \parindent=0pt \raggedright
          \hangindent=\wd0 \centerparametersmaybe
          \unhbox0 #1\par}%
  }%
  \nobreak\bigskip % no page break after a chapter title
  \nobreak
}

% @centerchap -- centered and unnumbered.
\let\centerparametersmaybe = \relax
\def\centerparameters{%
  \advance\rightskip by 3\rightskip
  \leftskip = \rightskip
  \parfillskip = 0pt
}


% I don't think this chapter style is supported any more, so I'm not
% updating it with the new noderef stuff.  We'll see.  --karl, 11aug03.
%
\def\setchapterstyle #1 {\csname CHAPF#1\endcsname}
%
\def\unnchfopen #1{%
\chapoddpage {\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000
                       \parindent=0pt\raggedright
                       \rm #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\nobreak
}
\def\chfopen #1#2{\chapoddpage {\chapfonts
\vbox to 3in{\vfil \hbox to\hsize{\hfil #2} \hbox to\hsize{\hfil #1} \vfil}}%
\par\penalty 5000 %
}
\def\centerchfopen #1{%
\chapoddpage {\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000
                       \parindent=0pt
                       \hfill {\rm #1}\hfill}}\bigskip \par\nobreak
}
\def\CHAPFopen{%
  \global\let\chapmacro=\chfopen
  \global\let\centerchapmacro=\centerchfopen}


% Section titles.  These macros combine the section number parts and
% call the generic \sectionheading to do the printing.
%
\newskip\secheadingskip
\def\secheadingbreak{\dobreak \secheadingskip{-1000}}

% Subsection titles.
\newskip\subsecheadingskip
\def\subsecheadingbreak{\dobreak \subsecheadingskip{-500}}

% Subsubsection titles.
\def\subsubsecheadingskip{\subsecheadingskip}
\def\subsubsecheadingbreak{\subsecheadingbreak}


% Print any size, any type, section title.
%
% #1 is the text, #2 is the section level (sec/subsec/subsubsec), #3 is
% the section type for xrefs (Ynumbered, Ynothing, Yappendix), #4 is the
% section number.
%
\def\sectionheading#1#2#3#4{%
  {%
    % Switch to the right set of fonts.
    \csname #2fonts\endcsname \rm
    %
    % Insert space above the heading.
    \csname #2headingbreak\endcsname
    %
    % Only insert the space after the number if we have a section number.
    \def\sectionlevel{#2}%
    \def\temptype{#3}%
    %
    \ifx\temptype\Ynothingkeyword
      \setbox0 = \hbox{}%
      \def\toctype{unn}%
      \gdef\thissection{#1}%
    \else\ifx\temptype\Yomitfromtockeyword
      % for @headings -- no section number, don't include in toc,
      % and don't redefine \thissection.
      \setbox0 = \hbox{}%
      \def\toctype{omit}%
      \let\sectionlevel=\empty
    \else\ifx\temptype\Yappendixkeyword
      \setbox0 = \hbox{#4\enspace}%
      \def\toctype{app}%
      \gdef\thissection{#1}%
    \else
      \setbox0 = \hbox{#4\enspace}%
      \def\toctype{num}%
      \gdef\thissection{#1}%
    \fi\fi\fi
    %
    % Write the toc entry (before \donoderef).  See comments in \chapmacro.
    \writetocentry{\toctype\sectionlevel}{#1}{#4}%
    %
    % Write the node reference (= pdf destination for pdftex).
    % Again, see comments in \chapmacro.
    \donoderef{#3}%
    %
    % Interline glue will be inserted when the vbox is completed.
    % That glue will be a valid breakpoint for the page, since it'll be
    % preceded by a whatsit (usually from the \donoderef, or from the
    % \writetocentry if there was no node).  We don't want to allow that
    % break, since then the whatsits could end up on page n while the
    % section is on page n+1, thus toc/etc. are wrong.  Debian bug 276000.
    \nobreak
    %
    % Output the actual section heading.
    \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000 \tolerance=5000 \parindent=0pt \raggedright
          \hangindent=\wd0  % zero if no section number
          \unhbox0 #1}%
  }%
  % Add extra space after the heading -- half of whatever came above it.
  % Don't allow stretch, though.
  \kern .5 \csname #2headingskip\endcsname
  %
  % Do not let the kern be a potential breakpoint, as it would be if it
  % was followed by glue.
  \nobreak
  %
  % We'll almost certainly start a paragraph next, so don't let that
  % glue accumulate.  (Not a breakpoint because it's preceded by a
  % discardable item.)
  \vskip-\parskip
  %
  % This is purely so the last item on the list is a known \penalty >
  % 10000.  This is so \startdefun can avoid allowing breakpoints after
  % section headings.  Otherwise, it would insert a valid breakpoint between:
  %
  %   @section sec-whatever
  %   @deffn def-whatever
  \penalty 10001
}


\message{toc,}
% Table of contents.
\newwrite\tocfile

% Write an entry to the toc file, opening it if necessary.
% Called from @chapter, etc.
%
% Example usage: \writetocentry{sec}{Section Name}{\the\chapno.\the\secno}
% We append the current node name (if any) and page number as additional
% arguments for the \{chap,sec,...}entry macros which will eventually
% read this.  The node name is used in the pdf outlines as the
% destination to jump to.
%
% We open the .toc file for writing here instead of at @setfilename (or
% any other fixed time) so that @contents can be anywhere in the document.
% But if #1 is `omit', then we don't do anything.  This is used for the
% table of contents chapter openings themselves.
%
\newif\iftocfileopened
\def\omitkeyword{omit}%
%
\def\writetocentry#1#2#3{%
  \edef\writetoctype{#1}%
  \ifx\writetoctype\omitkeyword \else
    \iftocfileopened\else
      \immediate\openout\tocfile = \jobname.toc
      \global\tocfileopenedtrue
    \fi
    %
    \iflinks
      {\atdummies
       \edef\temp{%
         \write\tocfile{@#1entry{#2}{#3}{\lastnode}{\noexpand\folio}}}%
       \temp
      }%
    \fi
  \fi
  %
  % Tell \shipout to create a pdf destination on each page, if we're
  % writing pdf.  These are used in the table of contents.  We can't
  % just write one on every page because the title pages are numbered
  % 1 and 2 (the page numbers aren't printed), and so are the first
  % two pages of the document.  Thus, we'd have two destinations named
  % `1', and two named `2'.
  \ifpdf \global\pdfmakepagedesttrue \fi
}


% These characters do not print properly in the Computer Modern roman
% fonts, so we must take special care.  This is more or less redundant
% with the Texinfo input format setup at the end of this file.
%
\def\activecatcodes{%
  \catcode`\"=\active
  \catcode`\$=\active
  \catcode`\<=\active
  \catcode`\>=\active
  \catcode`\\=\active
  \catcode`\^=\active
  \catcode`\_=\active
  \catcode`\|=\active
  \catcode`\~=\active
}


% Read the toc file, which is essentially Texinfo input.
\def\readtocfile{%
  \setupdatafile
  \activecatcodes
  \input \jobname.toc
}

\newskip\contentsrightmargin \contentsrightmargin=1in
\newcount\savepageno
\newcount\lastnegativepageno \lastnegativepageno = -1

% Prepare to read what we've written to \tocfile.
%
\def\startcontents#1{%
  % If @setchapternewpage on, and @headings double, the contents should
  % start on an odd page, unlike chapters.  Thus, we maintain
  % \contentsalignmacro in parallel with \pagealignmacro.
  % From: Torbjorn Granlund 
  \contentsalignmacro
  \immediate\closeout\tocfile
  %
  % Don't need to put `Contents' or `Short Contents' in the headline.
  % It is abundantly clear what they are.
  \def\thischapter{}%
  \chapmacro{#1}{Yomitfromtoc}{}%
  %
  \savepageno = \pageno
  \begingroup                  % Set up to handle contents files properly.
    \raggedbottom              % Worry more about breakpoints than the bottom.
    \advance\hsize by -\contentsrightmargin % Don't use the full line length.
    %
    % Roman numerals for page numbers.
    \ifnum \pageno>0 \global\pageno = \lastnegativepageno \fi
}


% Normal (long) toc.
\def\contents{%
  \startcontents{\putwordTOC}%
    \openin 1 \jobname.toc
    \ifeof 1 \else
      \readtocfile
    \fi
    \vfill \eject
    \contentsalignmacro % in case @setchapternewpage odd is in effect
    \ifeof 1 \else
      \pdfmakeoutlines
    \fi
    \closein 1
  \endgroup
  \lastnegativepageno = \pageno
  \global\pageno = \savepageno
}

% And just the chapters.
\def\summarycontents{%
  \startcontents{\putwordShortTOC}%
    %
    \let\numchapentry = \shortchapentry
    \let\appentry = \shortchapentry
    \let\unnchapentry = \shortunnchapentry
    % We want a true roman here for the page numbers.
    \secfonts
    \let\rm=\shortcontrm \let\bf=\shortcontbf
    \let\sl=\shortcontsl \let\tt=\shortconttt
    \rm
    \hyphenpenalty = 10000
    \advance\baselineskip by 1pt % Open it up a little.
    \def\numsecentry##1##2##3##4{}
    \let\appsecentry = \numsecentry
    \let\unnsecentry = \numsecentry
    \let\numsubsecentry = \numsecentry
    \let\appsubsecentry = \numsecentry
    \let\unnsubsecentry = \numsecentry
    \let\numsubsubsecentry = \numsecentry
    \let\appsubsubsecentry = \numsecentry
    \let\unnsubsubsecentry = \numsecentry
    \openin 1 \jobname.toc
    \ifeof 1 \else
      \readtocfile
    \fi
    \closein 1
    \vfill \eject
    \contentsalignmacro % in case @setchapternewpage odd is in effect
  \endgroup
  \lastnegativepageno = \pageno
  \global\pageno = \savepageno
}
\let\shortcontents = \summarycontents

% Typeset the label for a chapter or appendix for the short contents.
% The arg is, e.g., `A' for an appendix, or `3' for a chapter.
%
\def\shortchaplabel#1{%
  % This space should be enough, since a single number is .5em, and the
  % widest letter (M) is 1em, at least in the Computer Modern fonts.
  % But use \hss just in case.
  % (This space doesn't include the extra space that gets added after
  % the label; that gets put in by \shortchapentry above.)
  %
  % We'd like to right-justify chapter numbers, but that looks strange
  % with appendix letters.  And right-justifying numbers and
  % left-justifying letters looks strange when there is less than 10
  % chapters.  Have to read the whole toc once to know how many chapters
  % there are before deciding ...
  \hbox to 1em{#1\hss}%
}

% These macros generate individual entries in the table of contents.
% The first argument is the chapter or section name.
% The last argument is the page number.
% The arguments in between are the chapter number, section number, ...

% Chapters, in the main contents.
\def\numchapentry#1#2#3#4{\dochapentry{#2\labelspace#1}{#4}}
%
% Chapters, in the short toc.
% See comments in \dochapentry re vbox and related settings.
\def\shortchapentry#1#2#3#4{%
  \tocentry{\shortchaplabel{#2}\labelspace #1}{\doshortpageno\bgroup#4\egroup}%
}

% Appendices, in the main contents.
% Need the word Appendix, and a fixed-size box.
%
\def\appendixbox#1{%
  % We use M since it's probably the widest letter.
  \setbox0 = \hbox{\putwordAppendix{} M}%
  \hbox to \wd0{\putwordAppendix{} #1\hss}}
%
\def\appentry#1#2#3#4{\dochapentry{\appendixbox{#2}\labelspace#1}{#4}}

% Unnumbered chapters.
\def\unnchapentry#1#2#3#4{\dochapentry{#1}{#4}}
\def\shortunnchapentry#1#2#3#4{\tocentry{#1}{\doshortpageno\bgroup#4\egroup}}

% Sections.
\def\numsecentry#1#2#3#4{\dosecentry{#2\labelspace#1}{#4}}
\let\appsecentry=\numsecentry
\def\unnsecentry#1#2#3#4{\dosecentry{#1}{#4}}

% Subsections.
\def\numsubsecentry#1#2#3#4{\dosubsecentry{#2\labelspace#1}{#4}}
\let\appsubsecentry=\numsubsecentry
\def\unnsubsecentry#1#2#3#4{\dosubsecentry{#1}{#4}}

% And subsubsections.
\def\numsubsubsecentry#1#2#3#4{\dosubsubsecentry{#2\labelspace#1}{#4}}
\let\appsubsubsecentry=\numsubsubsecentry
\def\unnsubsubsecentry#1#2#3#4{\dosubsubsecentry{#1}{#4}}

% This parameter controls the indentation of the various levels.
% Same as \defaultparindent.
\newdimen\tocindent \tocindent = 15pt

% Now for the actual typesetting. In all these, #1 is the text and #2 is the
% page number.
%
% If the toc has to be broken over pages, we want it to be at chapters
% if at all possible; hence the \penalty.
\def\dochapentry#1#2{%
   \penalty-300 \vskip1\baselineskip plus.33\baselineskip minus.25\baselineskip
   \begingroup
     \chapentryfonts
     \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno\bgroup#2\egroup}%
   \endgroup
   \nobreak\vskip .25\baselineskip plus.1\baselineskip
}

\def\dosecentry#1#2{\begingroup
  \secentryfonts \leftskip=\tocindent
  \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno\bgroup#2\egroup}%
\endgroup}

\def\dosubsecentry#1#2{\begingroup
  \subsecentryfonts \leftskip=2\tocindent
  \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno\bgroup#2\egroup}%
\endgroup}

\def\dosubsubsecentry#1#2{\begingroup
  \subsubsecentryfonts \leftskip=3\tocindent
  \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno\bgroup#2\egroup}%
\endgroup}

% We use the same \entry macro as for the index entries.
\let\tocentry = \entry

% Space between chapter (or whatever) number and the title.
\def\labelspace{\hskip1em \relax}

\def\dopageno#1{{\rm #1}}
\def\doshortpageno#1{{\rm #1}}

\def\chapentryfonts{\secfonts \rm}
\def\secentryfonts{\textfonts}
\def\subsecentryfonts{\textfonts}
\def\subsubsecentryfonts{\textfonts}


\message{environments,}
% @foo ... @end foo.

% @point{}, @result{}, @expansion{}, @print{}, @equiv{}.
%
% Since these characters are used in examples, it should be an even number of
% \tt widths. Each \tt character is 1en, so two makes it 1em.
%
\def\point{$\star$}
\def\result{\leavevmode\raise.15ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\Rightarrow$\hfil}}
\def\expansion{\leavevmode\raise.1ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\mapsto$\hfil}}
\def\print{\leavevmode\lower.1ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\dashv$\hfil}}
\def\equiv{\leavevmode\lower.1ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\ptexequiv$\hfil}}

% The @error{} command.
% Adapted from the TeXbook's \boxit.
%
\newbox\errorbox
%
{\tentt \global\dimen0 = 3em}% Width of the box.
\dimen2 = .55pt % Thickness of rules
% The text. (`r' is open on the right, `e' somewhat less so on the left.)
\setbox0 = \hbox{\kern-.75pt \reducedsf error\kern-1.5pt}
%
\setbox\errorbox=\hbox to \dimen0{\hfil
   \hsize = \dimen0 \advance\hsize by -5.8pt % Space to left+right.
   \advance\hsize by -2\dimen2 % Rules.
   \vbox{%
      \hrule height\dimen2
      \hbox{\vrule width\dimen2 \kern3pt          % Space to left of text.
         \vtop{\kern2.4pt \box0 \kern2.4pt}% Space above/below.
         \kern3pt\vrule width\dimen2}% Space to right.
      \hrule height\dimen2}
    \hfil}
%
\def\error{\leavevmode\lower.7ex\copy\errorbox}

% @tex ... @end tex    escapes into raw Tex temporarily.
% One exception: @ is still an escape character, so that @end tex works.
% But \@ or @@ will get a plain tex @ character.

\envdef\tex{%
  \catcode `\\=0 \catcode `\{=1 \catcode `\}=2
  \catcode `\$=3 \catcode `\&=4 \catcode `\#=6
  \catcode `\^=7 \catcode `\_=8 \catcode `\~=\active \let~=\tie
  \catcode `\%=14
  \catcode `\+=\other
  \catcode `\"=\other
  \catcode `\|=\other
  \catcode `\<=\other
  \catcode `\>=\other
  \escapechar=`\\
  %
  \let\b=\ptexb
  \let\bullet=\ptexbullet
  \let\c=\ptexc
  \let\,=\ptexcomma
  \let\.=\ptexdot
  \let\dots=\ptexdots
  \let\equiv=\ptexequiv
  \let\!=\ptexexclam
  \let\i=\ptexi
  \let\indent=\ptexindent
  \let\noindent=\ptexnoindent
  \let\{=\ptexlbrace
  \let\+=\tabalign
  \let\}=\ptexrbrace
  \let\/=\ptexslash
  \let\*=\ptexstar
  \let\t=\ptext
  \let\frenchspacing=\plainfrenchspacing
  %
  \def\endldots{\mathinner{\ldots\ldots\ldots\ldots}}%
  \def\enddots{\relax\ifmmode\endldots\else$\mathsurround=0pt \endldots\,$\fi}%
  \def\@{@}%
}
% There is no need to define \Etex.

% Define @lisp ... @end lisp.
% @lisp environment forms a group so it can rebind things,
% including the definition of @end lisp (which normally is erroneous).

% Amount to narrow the margins by for @lisp.
\newskip\lispnarrowing \lispnarrowing=0.4in

% This is the definition that ^^M gets inside @lisp, @example, and other
% such environments.  \null is better than a space, since it doesn't
% have any width.
\def\lisppar{\null\endgraf}

% This space is always present above and below environments.
\newskip\envskipamount \envskipamount = 0pt

% Make spacing and below environment symmetrical.  We use \parskip here
% to help in doing that, since in @example-like environments \parskip
% is reset to zero; thus the \afterenvbreak inserts no space -- but the
% start of the next paragraph will insert \parskip.
%
\def\aboveenvbreak{{%
  % =10000 instead of <10000 because of a special case in \itemzzz and
  % \sectionheading, q.v.
  \ifnum \lastpenalty=10000 \else
    \advance\envskipamount by \parskip
    \endgraf
    \ifdim\lastskip<\envskipamount
      \removelastskip
      % it's not a good place to break if the last penalty was \nobreak
      % or better ...
      \ifnum\lastpenalty<10000 \penalty-50 \fi
      \vskip\envskipamount
    \fi
  \fi
}}

\let\afterenvbreak = \aboveenvbreak

% \nonarrowing is a flag.  If "set", @lisp etc don't narrow margins; it will
% also clear it, so that its embedded environments do the narrowing again.
\let\nonarrowing=\relax

% @cartouche ... @end cartouche: draw rectangle w/rounded corners around
% environment contents.
\font\circle=lcircle10
\newdimen\circthick
\newdimen\cartouter\newdimen\cartinner
\newskip\normbskip\newskip\normpskip\newskip\normlskip
\circthick=\fontdimen8\circle
%
\def\ctl{{\circle\char'013\hskip -6pt}}% 6pt from pl file: 1/2charwidth
\def\ctr{{\hskip 6pt\circle\char'010}}
\def\cbl{{\circle\char'012\hskip -6pt}}
\def\cbr{{\hskip 6pt\circle\char'011}}
\def\carttop{\hbox to \cartouter{\hskip\lskip
        \ctl\leaders\hrule height\circthick\hfil\ctr
        \hskip\rskip}}
\def\cartbot{\hbox to \cartouter{\hskip\lskip
        \cbl\leaders\hrule height\circthick\hfil\cbr
        \hskip\rskip}}
%
\newskip\lskip\newskip\rskip

\envdef\cartouche{%
  \ifhmode\par\fi  % can't be in the midst of a paragraph.
  \startsavinginserts
  \lskip=\leftskip \rskip=\rightskip
  \leftskip=0pt\rightskip=0pt % we want these *outside*.
  \cartinner=\hsize \advance\cartinner by-\lskip
  \advance\cartinner by-\rskip
  \cartouter=\hsize
  \advance\cartouter by 18.4pt	% allow for 3pt kerns on either
				% side, and for 6pt waste from
				% each corner char, and rule thickness
  \normbskip=\baselineskip \normpskip=\parskip \normlskip=\lineskip
  % Flag to tell @lisp, etc., not to narrow margin.
  \let\nonarrowing = t%
  \vbox\bgroup
      \baselineskip=0pt\parskip=0pt\lineskip=0pt
      \carttop
      \hbox\bgroup
	  \hskip\lskip
	  \vrule\kern3pt
	  \vbox\bgroup
	      \kern3pt
	      \hsize=\cartinner
	      \baselineskip=\normbskip
	      \lineskip=\normlskip
	      \parskip=\normpskip
	      \vskip -\parskip
	      \comment % For explanation, see the end of \def\group.
}
\def\Ecartouche{%
              \ifhmode\par\fi
	      \kern3pt
	  \egroup
	  \kern3pt\vrule
	  \hskip\rskip
      \egroup
      \cartbot
  \egroup
  \checkinserts
}


% This macro is called at the beginning of all the @example variants,
% inside a group.
\def\nonfillstart{%
  \aboveenvbreak
  \hfuzz = 12pt % Don't be fussy
  \sepspaces % Make spaces be word-separators rather than space tokens.
  \let\par = \lisppar % don't ignore blank lines
  \obeylines % each line of input is a line of output
  \parskip = 0pt
  \parindent = 0pt
  \emergencystretch = 0pt % don't try to avoid overfull boxes
  \ifx\nonarrowing\relax
    \advance \leftskip by \lispnarrowing
    \exdentamount=\lispnarrowing
  \else
    \let\nonarrowing = \relax
  \fi
  \let\exdent=\nofillexdent
}

% If you want all examples etc. small: @set dispenvsize small.
% If you want even small examples the full size: @set dispenvsize nosmall.
% This affects the following displayed environments:
%    @example, @display, @format, @lisp
%
\def\smallword{small}
\def\nosmallword{nosmall}
\let\SETdispenvsize\relax
\def\setnormaldispenv{%
  \ifx\SETdispenvsize\smallword
    \smallexamplefonts \rm
  \fi
}
\def\setsmalldispenv{%
  \ifx\SETdispenvsize\nosmallword
  \else
    \smallexamplefonts \rm
  \fi
}

% We often define two environments, @foo and @smallfoo.
% Let's do it by one command:
\def\makedispenv #1#2{
  \expandafter\envdef\csname#1\endcsname {\setnormaldispenv #2}
  \expandafter\envdef\csname small#1\endcsname {\setsmalldispenv #2}
  \expandafter\let\csname E#1\endcsname \afterenvbreak
  \expandafter\let\csname Esmall#1\endcsname \afterenvbreak
}

% Define two synonyms:
\def\maketwodispenvs #1#2#3{
  \makedispenv{#1}{#3}
  \makedispenv{#2}{#3}
}

% @lisp: indented, narrowed, typewriter font; @example: same as @lisp.
%
% @smallexample and @smalllisp: use smaller fonts.
% Originally contributed by Pavel@xerox.
%
\maketwodispenvs {lisp}{example}{%
  \nonfillstart
  \tt\quoteexpand
  \let\kbdfont = \kbdexamplefont % Allow @kbd to do something special.
  \gobble       % eat return
}
% @display/@smalldisplay: same as @lisp except keep current font.
%
\makedispenv {display}{%
  \nonfillstart
  \gobble
}

% @format/@smallformat: same as @display except don't narrow margins.
%
\makedispenv{format}{%
  \let\nonarrowing = t%
  \nonfillstart
  \gobble
}

% @flushleft: same as @format, but doesn't obey \SETdispenvsize.
\envdef\flushleft{%
  \let\nonarrowing = t%
  \nonfillstart
  \gobble
}
\let\Eflushleft = \afterenvbreak

% @flushright.
%
\envdef\flushright{%
  \let\nonarrowing = t%
  \nonfillstart
  \advance\leftskip by 0pt plus 1fill
  \gobble
}
\let\Eflushright = \afterenvbreak


% @quotation does normal linebreaking (hence we can't use \nonfillstart)
% and narrows the margins.  We keep \parskip nonzero in general, since
% we're doing normal filling.  So, when using \aboveenvbreak and
% \afterenvbreak, temporarily make \parskip 0.
%
\envdef\quotation{%
  {\parskip=0pt \aboveenvbreak}% because \aboveenvbreak inserts \parskip
  \parindent=0pt
  %
  % @cartouche defines \nonarrowing to inhibit narrowing at next level down.
  \ifx\nonarrowing\relax
    \advance\leftskip by \lispnarrowing
    \advance\rightskip by \lispnarrowing
    \exdentamount = \lispnarrowing
  \else
    \let\nonarrowing = \relax
  \fi
  \parsearg\quotationlabel
}

% We have retained a nonzero parskip for the environment, since we're
% doing normal filling.
%
\def\Equotation{%
  \par
  \ifx\quotationauthor\undefined\else
    % indent a bit.
    \leftline{\kern 2\leftskip \sl ---\quotationauthor}%
  \fi
  {\parskip=0pt \afterenvbreak}%
}

% If we're given an argument, typeset it in bold with a colon after.
\def\quotationlabel#1{%
  \def\temp{#1}%
  \ifx\temp\empty \else
    {\bf #1: }%
  \fi
}


% LaTeX-like @verbatim...@end verbatim and @verb{...}
% If we want to allow any  as delimiter,
% we need the curly braces so that makeinfo sees the @verb command, eg:
% `@verbx...x' would look like the '@verbx' command.  --janneke@gnu.org
%
% [Knuth]: Donald Ervin Knuth, 1996.  The TeXbook.
%
% [Knuth] p.344; only we need to do the other characters Texinfo sets
% active too.  Otherwise, they get lost as the first character on a
% verbatim line.
\def\dospecials{%
  \do\ \do\\\do\{\do\}\do\$\do\&%
  \do\#\do\^\do\^^K\do\_\do\^^A\do\%\do\~%
  \do\<\do\>\do\|\do\@\do+\do\"%
}
%
% [Knuth] p. 380
\def\uncatcodespecials{%
  \def\do##1{\catcode`##1=\other}\dospecials}
%
% [Knuth] pp. 380,381,391
% Disable Spanish ligatures ?` and !` of \tt font
\begingroup
  \catcode`\`=\active\gdef`{\relax\lq}
\endgroup
%
% Setup for the @verb command.
%
% Eight spaces for a tab
\begingroup
  \catcode`\^^I=\active
  \gdef\tabeightspaces{\catcode`\^^I=\active\def^^I{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}
\endgroup
%
\def\setupverb{%
  \tt  % easiest (and conventionally used) font for verbatim
  \def\par{\leavevmode\endgraf}%
  \catcode`\`=\active
  \tabeightspaces
  % Respect line breaks,
  % print special symbols as themselves, and
  % make each space count
  % must do in this order:
  \obeylines \uncatcodespecials \sepspaces
}

% Setup for the @verbatim environment
%
% Real tab expansion
\newdimen\tabw \setbox0=\hbox{\tt\space} \tabw=8\wd0 % tab amount
%
\def\starttabbox{\setbox0=\hbox\bgroup}

% Allow an option to not replace quotes with a regular directed right
% quote/apostrophe (char 0x27), but instead use the undirected quote
% from cmtt (char 0x0d).  The undirected quote is ugly, so don't make it
% the default, but it works for pasting with more pdf viewers (at least
% evince), the lilypond developers report.  xpdf does work with the
% regular 0x27.
%
\def\codequoteright{%
  \expandafter\ifx\csname SETcodequoteundirected\endcsname\relax
    '%
  \else
    \char'15
  \fi
}
%
% and a similar option for the left quote char vs. a grave accent.
% Modern fonts display ASCII 0x60 as a grave accent, so some people like
% the code environments to do likewise.
%
\def\codequoteleft{%
  \expandafter\ifx\csname SETcodequotebacktick\endcsname\relax
    `%
  \else
    \char'22
  \fi
}
%
\begingroup
  \catcode`\^^I=\active
  \gdef\tabexpand{%
    \catcode`\^^I=\active
    \def^^I{\leavevmode\egroup
      \dimen0=\wd0 % the width so far, or since the previous tab
      \divide\dimen0 by\tabw
      \multiply\dimen0 by\tabw % compute previous multiple of \tabw
      \advance\dimen0 by\tabw  % advance to next multiple of \tabw
      \wd0=\dimen0 \box0 \starttabbox
    }%
  }
  \catcode`\'=\active
  \gdef\rquoteexpand{\catcode\rquoteChar=\active \def'{\codequoteright}}%
  %
  \catcode`\`=\active
  \gdef\lquoteexpand{\catcode\lquoteChar=\active \def`{\codequoteleft}}%
  %
  \gdef\quoteexpand{\rquoteexpand \lquoteexpand}%
\endgroup

% start the verbatim environment.
\def\setupverbatim{%
  \let\nonarrowing = t%
  \nonfillstart
  % Easiest (and conventionally used) font for verbatim
  \tt
  \def\par{\leavevmode\egroup\box0\endgraf}%
  \catcode`\`=\active
  \tabexpand
  \quoteexpand
  % Respect line breaks,
  % print special symbols as themselves, and
  % make each space count
  % must do in this order:
  \obeylines \uncatcodespecials \sepspaces
  \everypar{\starttabbox}%
}

% Do the @verb magic: verbatim text is quoted by unique
% delimiter characters.  Before first delimiter expect a
% right brace, after last delimiter expect closing brace:
%
%    \def\doverb'{'#1'}'{#1}
%
% [Knuth] p. 382; only eat outer {}
\begingroup
  \catcode`[=1\catcode`]=2\catcode`\{=\other\catcode`\}=\other
  \gdef\doverb{#1[\def\next##1#1}[##1\endgroup]\next]
\endgroup
%
\def\verb{\begingroup\setupverb\doverb}
%
%
% Do the @verbatim magic: define the macro \doverbatim so that
% the (first) argument ends when '@end verbatim' is reached, ie:
%
%     \def\doverbatim#1@end verbatim{#1}
%
% For Texinfo it's a lot easier than for LaTeX,
% because texinfo's \verbatim doesn't stop at '\end{verbatim}':
% we need not redefine '\', '{' and '}'.
%
% Inspired by LaTeX's verbatim command set [latex.ltx]
%
\begingroup
  \catcode`\ =\active
  \obeylines %
  % ignore everything up to the first ^^M, that's the newline at the end
  % of the @verbatim input line itself.  Otherwise we get an extra blank
  % line in the output.
  \xdef\doverbatim#1^^M#2@end verbatim{#2\noexpand\end\gobble verbatim}%
  % We really want {...\end verbatim} in the body of the macro, but
  % without the active space; thus we have to use \xdef and \gobble.
\endgroup
%
\envdef\verbatim{%
    \setupverbatim\doverbatim
}
\let\Everbatim = \afterenvbreak


% @verbatiminclude FILE - insert text of file in verbatim environment.
%
\def\verbatiminclude{\parseargusing\filenamecatcodes\doverbatiminclude}
%
\def\doverbatiminclude#1{%
  {%
    \makevalueexpandable
    \setupverbatim
    \input #1
    \afterenvbreak
  }%
}

% @copying ... @end copying.
% Save the text away for @insertcopying later.
%
% We save the uninterpreted tokens, rather than creating a box.
% Saving the text in a box would be much easier, but then all the
% typesetting commands (@smallbook, font changes, etc.) have to be done
% beforehand -- and a) we want @copying to be done first in the source
% file; b) letting users define the frontmatter in as flexible order as
% possible is very desirable.
%
\def\copying{\checkenv{}\begingroup\scanargctxt\docopying}
\def\docopying#1@end copying{\endgroup\def\copyingtext{#1}}
%
\def\insertcopying{%
  \begingroup
    \parindent = 0pt  % paragraph indentation looks wrong on title page
    \scanexp\copyingtext
  \endgroup
}

\message{defuns,}
% @defun etc.

\newskip\defbodyindent \defbodyindent=.4in
\newskip\defargsindent \defargsindent=50pt
\newskip\deflastargmargin \deflastargmargin=18pt

% Start the processing of @deffn:
\def\startdefun{%
  \ifnum\lastpenalty<10000
    \medbreak
  \else
    % If there are two @def commands in a row, we'll have a \nobreak,
    % which is there to keep the function description together with its
    % header.  But if there's nothing but headers, we need to allow a
    % break somewhere.  Check specifically for penalty 10002, inserted
    % by \defargscommonending, instead of 10000, since the sectioning
    % commands also insert a nobreak penalty, and we don't want to allow
    % a break between a section heading and a defun.
    %
    \ifnum\lastpenalty=10002 \penalty2000 \fi
    %
    % Similarly, after a section heading, do not allow a break.
    % But do insert the glue.
    \medskip  % preceded by discardable penalty, so not a breakpoint
  \fi
  %
  \parindent=0in
  \advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent
  \exdentamount=\defbodyindent
}

\def\dodefunx#1{%
  % First, check whether we are in the right environment:
  \checkenv#1%
  %
  % As above, allow line break if we have multiple x headers in a row.
  % It's not a great place, though.
  \ifnum\lastpenalty=10002 \penalty3000 \fi
  %
  % And now, it's time to reuse the body of the original defun:
  \expandafter\gobbledefun#1%
}
\def\gobbledefun#1\startdefun{}

% \printdefunline \deffnheader{text}
%
\def\printdefunline#1#2{%
  \begingroup
    % call \deffnheader:
    #1#2 \endheader
    % common ending:
    \interlinepenalty = 10000
    \advance\rightskip by 0pt plus 1fil
    \endgraf
    \nobreak\vskip -\parskip
    \penalty 10002  % signal to \startdefun and \dodefunx
    % Some of the @defun-type tags do not enable magic parentheses,
    % rendering the following check redundant.  But we don't optimize.
    \checkparencounts
  \endgroup
}

\def\Edefun{\endgraf\medbreak}

% \makedefun{deffn} creates \deffn, \deffnx and \Edeffn;
% the only thing remainnig is to define \deffnheader.
%
\def\makedefun#1{%
  \expandafter\let\csname E#1\endcsname = \Edefun
  \edef\temp{\noexpand\domakedefun
    \makecsname{#1}\makecsname{#1x}\makecsname{#1header}}%
  \temp
}

% \domakedefun \deffn \deffnx \deffnheader
%
% Define \deffn and \deffnx, without parameters.
% \deffnheader has to be defined explicitly.
%
\def\domakedefun#1#2#3{%
  \envdef#1{%
    \startdefun
    \parseargusing\activeparens{\printdefunline#3}%
  }%
  \def#2{\dodefunx#1}%
  \def#3%
}

%%% Untyped functions:

% @deffn category name args
\makedefun{deffn}{\deffngeneral{}}

% @deffn category class name args
\makedefun{defop}#1 {\defopon{#1\ \putwordon}}

% \defopon {category on}class name args
\def\defopon#1#2 {\deffngeneral{\putwordon\ \code{#2}}{#1\ \code{#2}} }

% \deffngeneral {subind}category name args
%
\def\deffngeneral#1#2 #3 #4\endheader{%
  % Remember that \dosubind{fn}{foo}{} is equivalent to \doind{fn}{foo}.
  \dosubind{fn}{\code{#3}}{#1}%
  \defname{#2}{}{#3}\magicamp\defunargs{#4\unskip}%
}

%%% Typed functions:

% @deftypefn category type name args
\makedefun{deftypefn}{\deftypefngeneral{}}

% @deftypeop category class type name args
\makedefun{deftypeop}#1 {\deftypeopon{#1\ \putwordon}}

% \deftypeopon {category on}class type name args
\def\deftypeopon#1#2 {\deftypefngeneral{\putwordon\ \code{#2}}{#1\ \code{#2}} }

% \deftypefngeneral {subind}category type name args
%
\def\deftypefngeneral#1#2 #3 #4 #5\endheader{%
  \dosubind{fn}{\code{#4}}{#1}%
  \defname{#2}{#3}{#4}\defunargs{#5\unskip}%
}

%%% Typed variables:

% @deftypevr category type var args
\makedefun{deftypevr}{\deftypecvgeneral{}}

% @deftypecv category class type var args
\makedefun{deftypecv}#1 {\deftypecvof{#1\ \putwordof}}

% \deftypecvof {category of}class type var args
\def\deftypecvof#1#2 {\deftypecvgeneral{\putwordof\ \code{#2}}{#1\ \code{#2}} }

% \deftypecvgeneral {subind}category type var args
%
\def\deftypecvgeneral#1#2 #3 #4 #5\endheader{%
  \dosubind{vr}{\code{#4}}{#1}%
  \defname{#2}{#3}{#4}\defunargs{#5\unskip}%
}

%%% Untyped variables:

% @defvr category var args
\makedefun{defvr}#1 {\deftypevrheader{#1} {} }

% @defcv category class var args
\makedefun{defcv}#1 {\defcvof{#1\ \putwordof}}

% \defcvof {category of}class var args
\def\defcvof#1#2 {\deftypecvof{#1}#2 {} }

%%% Type:
% @deftp category name args
\makedefun{deftp}#1 #2 #3\endheader{%
  \doind{tp}{\code{#2}}%
  \defname{#1}{}{#2}\defunargs{#3\unskip}%
}

% Remaining @defun-like shortcuts:
\makedefun{defun}{\deffnheader{\putwordDeffunc} }
\makedefun{defmac}{\deffnheader{\putwordDefmac} }
\makedefun{defspec}{\deffnheader{\putwordDefspec} }
\makedefun{deftypefun}{\deftypefnheader{\putwordDeffunc} }
\makedefun{defvar}{\defvrheader{\putwordDefvar} }
\makedefun{defopt}{\defvrheader{\putwordDefopt} }
\makedefun{deftypevar}{\deftypevrheader{\putwordDefvar} }
\makedefun{defmethod}{\defopon\putwordMethodon}
\makedefun{deftypemethod}{\deftypeopon\putwordMethodon}
\makedefun{defivar}{\defcvof\putwordInstanceVariableof}
\makedefun{deftypeivar}{\deftypecvof\putwordInstanceVariableof}

% \defname, which formats the name of the @def (not the args).
% #1 is the category, such as "Function".
% #2 is the return type, if any.
% #3 is the function name.
%
% We are followed by (but not passed) the arguments, if any.
%
\def\defname#1#2#3{%
  % Get the values of \leftskip and \rightskip as they were outside the @def...
  \advance\leftskip by -\defbodyindent
  %
  % How we'll format the type name.  Putting it in brackets helps
  % distinguish it from the body text that may end up on the next line
  % just below it.
  \def\temp{#1}%
  \setbox0=\hbox{\kern\deflastargmargin \ifx\temp\empty\else [\rm\temp]\fi}
  %
  % Figure out line sizes for the paragraph shape.
  % The first line needs space for \box0; but if \rightskip is nonzero,
  % we need only space for the part of \box0 which exceeds it:
  \dimen0=\hsize  \advance\dimen0 by -\wd0  \advance\dimen0 by \rightskip
  % The continuations:
  \dimen2=\hsize  \advance\dimen2 by -\defargsindent
  % (plain.tex says that \dimen1 should be used only as global.)
  \parshape 2 0in \dimen0 \defargsindent \dimen2
  %
  % Put the type name to the right margin.
  \noindent
  \hbox to 0pt{%
    \hfil\box0 \kern-\hsize
    % \hsize has to be shortened this way:
    \kern\leftskip
    % Intentionally do not respect \rightskip, since we need the space.
  }%
  %
  % Allow all lines to be underfull without complaint:
  \tolerance=10000 \hbadness=10000
  \exdentamount=\defbodyindent
  {%
    % defun fonts. We use typewriter by default (used to be bold) because:
    % . we're printing identifiers, they should be in tt in principle.
    % . in languages with many accents, such as Czech or French, it's
    %   common to leave accents off identifiers.  The result looks ok in
    %   tt, but exceedingly strange in rm.
    % . we don't want -- and --- to be treated as ligatures.
    % . this still does not fix the ?` and !` ligatures, but so far no
    %   one has made identifiers using them :).
    \df \tt
    \def\temp{#2}% return value type
    \ifx\temp\empty\else \tclose{\temp} \fi
    #3% output function name
  }%
  {\rm\enskip}% hskip 0.5 em of \tenrm
  %
  \boldbrax
  % arguments will be output next, if any.
}

% Print arguments in slanted roman (not ttsl), inconsistently with using
% tt for the name.  This is because literal text is sometimes needed in
% the argument list (groff manual), and ttsl and tt are not very
% distinguishable.  Prevent hyphenation at `-' chars.
%
\def\defunargs#1{%
  % use sl by default (not ttsl),
  % tt for the names.
  \df \sl \hyphenchar\font=0
  %
  % On the other hand, if an argument has two dashes (for instance), we
  % want a way to get ttsl.  Let's try @var for that.
  \let\var=\ttslanted
  #1%
  \sl\hyphenchar\font=45
}

% We want ()&[] to print specially on the defun line.
%
\def\activeparens{%
  \catcode`\(=\active \catcode`\)=\active
  \catcode`\[=\active \catcode`\]=\active
  \catcode`\&=\active
}

% Make control sequences which act like normal parenthesis chars.
\let\lparen = ( \let\rparen = )

% Be sure that we always have a definition for `(', etc.  For example,
% if the fn name has parens in it, \boldbrax will not be in effect yet,
% so TeX would otherwise complain about undefined control sequence.
{
  \activeparens
  \global\let(=\lparen \global\let)=\rparen
  \global\let[=\lbrack \global\let]=\rbrack
  \global\let& = \&

  \gdef\boldbrax{\let(=\opnr\let)=\clnr\let[=\lbrb\let]=\rbrb}
  \gdef\magicamp{\let&=\amprm}
}

\newcount\parencount

% If we encounter &foo, then turn on ()-hacking afterwards
\newif\ifampseen
\def\amprm#1 {\ampseentrue{\bf\ }}

\def\parenfont{%
  \ifampseen
    % At the first level, print parens in roman,
    % otherwise use the default font.
    \ifnum \parencount=1 \rm \fi
  \else
    % The \sf parens (in \boldbrax) actually are a little bolder than
    % the contained text.  This is especially needed for [ and ] .
    \sf
  \fi
}
\def\infirstlevel#1{%
  \ifampseen
    \ifnum\parencount=1
      #1%
    \fi
  \fi
}
\def\bfafterword#1 {#1 \bf}

\def\opnr{%
  \global\advance\parencount by 1
  {\parenfont(}%
  \infirstlevel \bfafterword
}
\def\clnr{%
  {\parenfont)}%
  \infirstlevel \sl
  \global\advance\parencount by -1
}

\newcount\brackcount
\def\lbrb{%
  \global\advance\brackcount by 1
  {\bf[}%
}
\def\rbrb{%
  {\bf]}%
  \global\advance\brackcount by -1
}

\def\checkparencounts{%
  \ifnum\parencount=0 \else \badparencount \fi
  \ifnum\brackcount=0 \else \badbrackcount \fi
}
\def\badparencount{%
  \errmessage{Unbalanced parentheses in @def}%
  \global\parencount=0
}
\def\badbrackcount{%
  \errmessage{Unbalanced square braces in @def}%
  \global\brackcount=0
}


\message{macros,}
% @macro.

% To do this right we need a feature of e-TeX, \scantokens,
% which we arrange to emulate with a temporary file in ordinary TeX.
\ifx\eTeXversion\undefined
  \newwrite\macscribble
  \def\scantokens#1{%
    \toks0={#1}%
    \immediate\openout\macscribble=\jobname.tmp
    \immediate\write\macscribble{\the\toks0}%
    \immediate\closeout\macscribble
    \input \jobname.tmp
  }
\fi

\def\scanmacro#1{%
  \begingroup
    \newlinechar`\^^M
    \let\xeatspaces\eatspaces
    % Undo catcode changes of \startcontents and \doprintindex
    % When called from @insertcopying or (short)caption, we need active
    % backslash to get it printed correctly.  Previously, we had
    % \catcode`\\=\other instead.  We'll see whether a problem appears
    % with macro expansion.				--kasal, 19aug04
    \catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=\active \escapechar=`\@
    % ... and \example
    \spaceisspace
    %
    % Append \endinput to make sure that TeX does not see the ending newline.
    % I've verified that it is necessary both for e-TeX and for ordinary TeX
    %							--kasal, 29nov03
    \scantokens{#1\endinput}%
  \endgroup
}

\def\scanexp#1{%
  \edef\temp{\noexpand\scanmacro{#1}}%
  \temp
}

\newcount\paramno   % Count of parameters
\newtoks\macname    % Macro name
\newif\ifrecursive  % Is it recursive?

% List of all defined macros in the form
%    \definedummyword\macro1\definedummyword\macro2...
% Currently is also contains all @aliases; the list can be split
% if there is a need.
\def\macrolist{}

% Add the macro to \macrolist
\def\addtomacrolist#1{\expandafter \addtomacrolistxxx \csname#1\endcsname}
\def\addtomacrolistxxx#1{%
     \toks0 = \expandafter{\macrolist\definedummyword#1}%
     \xdef\macrolist{\the\toks0}%
}

% Utility routines.
% This does \let #1 = #2, with \csnames; that is,
%   \let \csname#1\endcsname = \csname#2\endcsname
% (except of course we have to play expansion games).
%
\def\cslet#1#2{%
  \expandafter\let
  \csname#1\expandafter\endcsname
  \csname#2\endcsname
}

% Trim leading and trailing spaces off a string.
% Concepts from aro-bend problem 15 (see CTAN).
{\catcode`\@=11
\gdef\eatspaces #1{\expandafter\trim@\expandafter{#1 }}
\gdef\trim@ #1{\trim@@ @#1 @ #1 @ @@}
\gdef\trim@@ #1@ #2@ #3@@{\trim@@@\empty #2 @}
\def\unbrace#1{#1}
\unbrace{\gdef\trim@@@ #1 } #2@{#1}
}

% Trim a single trailing ^^M off a string.
{\catcode`\^^M=\other \catcode`\Q=3%
\gdef\eatcr #1{\eatcra #1Q^^MQ}%
\gdef\eatcra#1^^MQ{\eatcrb#1Q}%
\gdef\eatcrb#1Q#2Q{#1}%
}

% Macro bodies are absorbed as an argument in a context where
% all characters are catcode 10, 11 or 12, except \ which is active
% (as in normal texinfo). It is necessary to change the definition of \.

% It's necessary to have hard CRs when the macro is executed. This is
% done by  making ^^M (\endlinechar) catcode 12 when reading the macro
% body, and then making it the \newlinechar in \scanmacro.

\def\scanctxt{%
  \catcode`\"=\other
  \catcode`\+=\other
  \catcode`\<=\other
  \catcode`\>=\other
  \catcode`\@=\other
  \catcode`\^=\other
  \catcode`\_=\other
  \catcode`\|=\other
  \catcode`\~=\other
}

\def\scanargctxt{%
  \scanctxt
  \catcode`\\=\other
  \catcode`\^^M=\other
}

\def\macrobodyctxt{%
  \scanctxt
  \catcode`\{=\other
  \catcode`\}=\other
  \catcode`\^^M=\other
  \usembodybackslash
}

\def\macroargctxt{%
  \scanctxt
  \catcode`\\=\other
}

% \mbodybackslash is the definition of \ in @macro bodies.
% It maps \foo\ => \csname macarg.foo\endcsname => #N
% where N is the macro parameter number.
% We define \csname macarg.\endcsname to be \realbackslash, so
% \\ in macro replacement text gets you a backslash.

{\catcode`@=0 @catcode`@\=@active
 @gdef@usembodybackslash{@let\=@mbodybackslash}
 @gdef@mbodybackslash#1\{@csname macarg.#1@endcsname}
}
\expandafter\def\csname macarg.\endcsname{\realbackslash}

\def\macro{\recursivefalse\parsearg\macroxxx}
\def\rmacro{\recursivetrue\parsearg\macroxxx}

\def\macroxxx#1{%
  \getargs{#1}%           now \macname is the macname and \argl the arglist
  \ifx\argl\empty       % no arguments
     \paramno=0%
  \else
     \expandafter\parsemargdef \argl;%
  \fi
  \if1\csname ismacro.\the\macname\endcsname
     \message{Warning: redefining \the\macname}%
  \else
     \expandafter\ifx\csname \the\macname\endcsname \relax
     \else \errmessage{Macro name \the\macname\space already defined}\fi
     \global\cslet{macsave.\the\macname}{\the\macname}%
     \global\expandafter\let\csname ismacro.\the\macname\endcsname=1%
     \addtomacrolist{\the\macname}%
  \fi
  \begingroup \macrobodyctxt
  \ifrecursive \expandafter\parsermacbody
  \else \expandafter\parsemacbody
  \fi}

\parseargdef\unmacro{%
  \if1\csname ismacro.#1\endcsname
    \global\cslet{#1}{macsave.#1}%
    \global\expandafter\let \csname ismacro.#1\endcsname=0%
    % Remove the macro name from \macrolist:
    \begingroup
      \expandafter\let\csname#1\endcsname \relax
      \let\definedummyword\unmacrodo
      \xdef\macrolist{\macrolist}%
    \endgroup
  \else
    \errmessage{Macro #1 not defined}%
  \fi
}

% Called by \do from \dounmacro on each macro.  The idea is to omit any
% macro definitions that have been changed to \relax.
%
\def\unmacrodo#1{%
  \ifx #1\relax
    % remove this
  \else
    \noexpand\definedummyword \noexpand#1%
  \fi
}

% This makes use of the obscure feature that if the last token of a
%  is #, then the preceding argument is delimited by
% an opening brace, and that opening brace is not consumed.
\def\getargs#1{\getargsxxx#1{}}
\def\getargsxxx#1#{\getmacname #1 \relax\getmacargs}
\def\getmacname #1 #2\relax{\macname={#1}}
\def\getmacargs#1{\def\argl{#1}}

% Parse the optional {params} list.  Set up \paramno and \paramlist
% so \defmacro knows what to do.  Define \macarg.blah for each blah
% in the params list, to be ##N where N is the position in that list.
% That gets used by \mbodybackslash (above).

% We need to get `macro parameter char #' into several definitions.
% The technique used is stolen from LaTeX:  let \hash be something
% unexpandable, insert that wherever you need a #, and then redefine
% it to # just before using the token list produced.
%
% The same technique is used to protect \eatspaces till just before
% the macro is used.

\def\parsemargdef#1;{\paramno=0\def\paramlist{}%
        \let\hash\relax\let\xeatspaces\relax\parsemargdefxxx#1,;,}
\def\parsemargdefxxx#1,{%
  \if#1;\let\next=\relax
  \else \let\next=\parsemargdefxxx
    \advance\paramno by 1%
    \expandafter\edef\csname macarg.\eatspaces{#1}\endcsname
        {\xeatspaces{\hash\the\paramno}}%
    \edef\paramlist{\paramlist\hash\the\paramno,}%
  \fi\next}

% These two commands read recursive and nonrecursive macro bodies.
% (They're different since rec and nonrec macros end differently.)

\long\def\parsemacbody#1@end macro%
{\xdef\temp{\eatcr{#1}}\endgroup\defmacro}%
\long\def\parsermacbody#1@end rmacro%
{\xdef\temp{\eatcr{#1}}\endgroup\defmacro}%

% This defines the macro itself. There are six cases: recursive and
% nonrecursive macros of zero, one, and many arguments.
% Much magic with \expandafter here.
% \xdef is used so that macro definitions will survive the file
% they're defined in; @include reads the file inside a group.
\def\defmacro{%
  \let\hash=##% convert placeholders to macro parameter chars
  \ifrecursive
    \ifcase\paramno
    % 0
      \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{%
        \noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}}%
    \or % 1
      \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{%
         \bgroup\noexpand\macroargctxt
         \noexpand\braceorline
         \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname}%
      \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname##1{%
         \egroup\noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}}%
    \else % many
      \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{%
         \bgroup\noexpand\macroargctxt
         \noexpand\csname\the\macname xx\endcsname}%
      \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname xx\endcsname##1{%
          \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname ##1,}%
      \expandafter\expandafter
      \expandafter\xdef
      \expandafter\expandafter
        \csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname
          \paramlist{\egroup\noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}}%
    \fi
  \else
    \ifcase\paramno
    % 0
      \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{%
        \noexpand\norecurse{\the\macname}%
        \noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}\egroup}%
    \or % 1
      \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{%
         \bgroup\noexpand\macroargctxt
         \noexpand\braceorline
         \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname}%
      \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname##1{%
        \egroup
        \noexpand\norecurse{\the\macname}%
        \noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}\egroup}%
    \else % many
      \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{%
         \bgroup\noexpand\macroargctxt
         \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname xx\endcsname}%
      \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname xx\endcsname##1{%
          \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname ##1,}%
      \expandafter\expandafter
      \expandafter\xdef
      \expandafter\expandafter
      \csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname
      \paramlist{%
          \egroup
          \noexpand\norecurse{\the\macname}%
          \noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}\egroup}%
    \fi
  \fi}

\def\norecurse#1{\bgroup\cslet{#1}{macsave.#1}}

% \braceorline decides whether the next nonwhitespace character is a
% {.  If so it reads up to the closing }, if not, it reads the whole
% line.  Whatever was read is then fed to the next control sequence
% as an argument (by \parsebrace or \parsearg)
\def\braceorline#1{\let\macnamexxx=#1\futurelet\nchar\braceorlinexxx}
\def\braceorlinexxx{%
  \ifx\nchar\bgroup\else
    \expandafter\parsearg
  \fi \macnamexxx}


% @alias.
% We need some trickery to remove the optional spaces around the equal
% sign.  Just make them active and then expand them all to nothing.
\def\alias{\parseargusing\obeyspaces\aliasxxx}
\def\aliasxxx #1{\aliasyyy#1\relax}
\def\aliasyyy #1=#2\relax{%
  {%
    \expandafter\let\obeyedspace=\empty
    \addtomacrolist{#1}%
    \xdef\next{\global\let\makecsname{#1}=\makecsname{#2}}%
  }%
  \next
}


\message{cross references,}

\newwrite\auxfile

\newif\ifhavexrefs    % True if xref values are known.
\newif\ifwarnedxrefs  % True if we warned once that they aren't known.

% @inforef is relatively simple.
\def\inforef #1{\inforefzzz #1,,,,**}
\def\inforefzzz #1,#2,#3,#4**{\putwordSee{} \putwordInfo{} \putwordfile{} \file{\ignorespaces #3{}},
  node \samp{\ignorespaces#1{}}}

% @node's only job in TeX is to define \lastnode, which is used in
% cross-references.  The @node line might or might not have commas, and
% might or might not have spaces before the first comma, like:
% @node foo , bar , ...
% We don't want such trailing spaces in the node name.
%
\parseargdef\node{\checkenv{}\donode #1 ,\finishnodeparse}
%
% also remove a trailing comma, in case of something like this:
% @node Help-Cross,  ,  , Cross-refs
\def\donode#1 ,#2\finishnodeparse{\dodonode #1,\finishnodeparse}
\def\dodonode#1,#2\finishnodeparse{\gdef\lastnode{#1}}

\let\nwnode=\node
\let\lastnode=\empty

% Write a cross-reference definition for the current node.  #1 is the
% type (Ynumbered, Yappendix, Ynothing).
%
\def\donoderef#1{%
  \ifx\lastnode\empty\else
    \setref{\lastnode}{#1}%
    \global\let\lastnode=\empty
  \fi
}

% @anchor{NAME} -- define xref target at arbitrary point.
%
\newcount\savesfregister
%
\def\savesf{\relax \ifhmode \savesfregister=\spacefactor \fi}
\def\restoresf{\relax \ifhmode \spacefactor=\savesfregister \fi}
\def\anchor#1{\savesf \setref{#1}{Ynothing}\restoresf \ignorespaces}

% \setref{NAME}{SNT} defines a cross-reference point NAME (a node or an
% anchor), which consists of three parts:
% 1) NAME-title - the current sectioning name taken from \thissection,
%                 or the anchor name.
% 2) NAME-snt   - section number and type, passed as the SNT arg, or
%                 empty for anchors.
% 3) NAME-pg    - the page number.
%
% This is called from \donoderef, \anchor, and \dofloat.  In the case of
% floats, there is an additional part, which is not written here:
% 4) NAME-lof   - the text as it should appear in a @listoffloats.
%
\def\setref#1#2{%
  \pdfmkdest{#1}%
  \iflinks
    {%
      \atdummies  % preserve commands, but don't expand them
      \edef\writexrdef##1##2{%
	\write\auxfile{@xrdef{#1-% #1 of \setref, expanded by the \edef
	  ##1}{##2}}% these are parameters of \writexrdef
      }%
      \toks0 = \expandafter{\thissection}%
      \immediate \writexrdef{title}{\the\toks0 }%
      \immediate \writexrdef{snt}{\csname #2\endcsname}% \Ynumbered etc.
      \writexrdef{pg}{\folio}% will be written later, during \shipout
    }%
  \fi
}

% @xref, @pxref, and @ref generate cross-references.  For \xrefX, #1 is
% the node name, #2 the name of the Info cross-reference, #3 the printed
% node name, #4 the name of the Info file, #5 the name of the printed
% manual.  All but the node name can be omitted.
%
\def\pxref#1{\putwordsee{} \xrefX[#1,,,,,,,]}
\def\xref#1{\putwordSee{} \xrefX[#1,,,,,,,]}
\def\ref#1{\xrefX[#1,,,,,,,]}
\def\xrefX[#1,#2,#3,#4,#5,#6]{\begingroup
  \unsepspaces
  \def\printedmanual{\ignorespaces #5}%
  \def\printedrefname{\ignorespaces #3}%
  \setbox1=\hbox{\printedmanual\unskip}%
  \setbox0=\hbox{\printedrefname\unskip}%
  \ifdim \wd0 = 0pt
    % No printed node name was explicitly given.
    \expandafter\ifx\csname SETxref-automatic-section-title\endcsname\relax
      % Use the node name inside the square brackets.
      \def\printedrefname{\ignorespaces #1}%
    \else
      % Use the actual chapter/section title appear inside
      % the square brackets.  Use the real section title if we have it.
      \ifdim \wd1 > 0pt
        % It is in another manual, so we don't have it.
        \def\printedrefname{\ignorespaces #1}%
      \else
        \ifhavexrefs
          % We know the real title if we have the xref values.
          \def\printedrefname{\refx{#1-title}{}}%
        \else
          % Otherwise just copy the Info node name.
          \def\printedrefname{\ignorespaces #1}%
        \fi%
      \fi
    \fi
  \fi
  %
  % Make link in pdf output.
  \ifpdf
    \leavevmode
    \getfilename{#4}%
    {\turnoffactive
     % See comments at \activebackslashdouble.
     {\activebackslashdouble \xdef\pdfxrefdest{#1}%
      \backslashparens\pdfxrefdest}%
     %
     \ifnum\filenamelength>0
       \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]}%
         goto file{\the\filename.pdf} name{\pdfxrefdest}%
     \else
       \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]}%
         goto name{\pdfmkpgn{\pdfxrefdest}}%
     \fi
    }%
    \linkcolor
  \fi
  %
  % Float references are printed completely differently: "Figure 1.2"
  % instead of "[somenode], p.3".  We distinguish them by the
  % LABEL-title being set to a magic string.
  {%
    % Have to otherify everything special to allow the \csname to
    % include an _ in the xref name, etc.
    \indexnofonts
    \turnoffactive
    \expandafter\global\expandafter\let\expandafter\Xthisreftitle
      \csname XR#1-title\endcsname
  }%
  \iffloat\Xthisreftitle
    % If the user specified the print name (third arg) to the ref,
    % print it instead of our usual "Figure 1.2".
    \ifdim\wd0 = 0pt
      \refx{#1-snt}{}%
    \else
      \printedrefname
    \fi
    %
    % if the user also gave the printed manual name (fifth arg), append
    % "in MANUALNAME".
    \ifdim \wd1 > 0pt
      \space \putwordin{} \cite{\printedmanual}%
    \fi
  \else
    % node/anchor (non-float) references.
    %
    % If we use \unhbox0 and \unhbox1 to print the node names, TeX does not
    % insert empty discretionaries after hyphens, which means that it will
    % not find a line break at a hyphen in a node names.  Since some manuals
    % are best written with fairly long node names, containing hyphens, this
    % is a loss.  Therefore, we give the text of the node name again, so it
    % is as if TeX is seeing it for the first time.
    \ifdim \wd1 > 0pt
      \putwordsection{} ``\printedrefname'' \putwordin{} \cite{\printedmanual}%
    \else
      % _ (for example) has to be the character _ for the purposes of the
      % control sequence corresponding to the node, but it has to expand
      % into the usual \leavevmode...\vrule stuff for purposes of
      % printing. So we \turnoffactive for the \refx-snt, back on for the
      % printing, back off for the \refx-pg.
      {\turnoffactive
       % Only output a following space if the -snt ref is nonempty; for
       % @unnumbered and @anchor, it won't be.
       \setbox2 = \hbox{\ignorespaces \refx{#1-snt}{}}%
       \ifdim \wd2 > 0pt \refx{#1-snt}\space\fi
      }%
      % output the `[mynode]' via a macro so it can be overridden.
      \xrefprintnodename\printedrefname
      %
      % But we always want a comma and a space:
      ,\space
      %
      % output the `page 3'.
      \turnoffactive \putwordpage\tie\refx{#1-pg}{}%
    \fi
  \fi
  \endlink
\endgroup}

% This macro is called from \xrefX for the `[nodename]' part of xref
% output.  It's a separate macro only so it can be changed more easily,
% since square brackets don't work well in some documents.  Particularly
% one that Bob is working on :).
%
\def\xrefprintnodename#1{[#1]}

% Things referred to by \setref.
%
\def\Ynothing{}
\def\Yomitfromtoc{}
\def\Ynumbered{%
  \ifnum\secno=0
    \putwordChapter@tie \the\chapno
  \else \ifnum\subsecno=0
    \putwordSection@tie \the\chapno.\the\secno
  \else \ifnum\subsubsecno=0
    \putwordSection@tie \the\chapno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno
  \else
    \putwordSection@tie \the\chapno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno.\the\subsubsecno
  \fi\fi\fi
}
\def\Yappendix{%
  \ifnum\secno=0
     \putwordAppendix@tie @char\the\appendixno{}%
  \else \ifnum\subsecno=0
     \putwordSection@tie @char\the\appendixno.\the\secno
  \else \ifnum\subsubsecno=0
    \putwordSection@tie @char\the\appendixno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno
  \else
    \putwordSection@tie
      @char\the\appendixno.\the\secno.\the\subsecno.\the\subsubsecno
  \fi\fi\fi
}

% Define \refx{NAME}{SUFFIX} to reference a cross-reference string named NAME.
% If its value is nonempty, SUFFIX is output afterward.
%
\def\refx#1#2{%
  {%
    \indexnofonts
    \otherbackslash
    \expandafter\global\expandafter\let\expandafter\thisrefX
      \csname XR#1\endcsname
  }%
  \ifx\thisrefX\relax
    % If not defined, say something at least.
    \angleleft un\-de\-fined\angleright
    \iflinks
      \ifhavexrefs
        \message{\linenumber Undefined cross reference `#1'.}%
      \else
        \ifwarnedxrefs\else
          \global\warnedxrefstrue
          \message{Cross reference values unknown; you must run TeX again.}%
        \fi
      \fi
    \fi
  \else
    % It's defined, so just use it.
    \thisrefX
  \fi
  #2% Output the suffix in any case.
}

% This is the macro invoked by entries in the aux file.  Usually it's
% just a \def (we prepend XR to the control sequence name to avoid
% collisions).  But if this is a float type, we have more work to do.
%
\def\xrdef#1#2{%
  \expandafter\gdef\csname XR#1\endcsname{#2}% remember this xref value.
  %
  % Was that xref control sequence that we just defined for a float?
  \expandafter\iffloat\csname XR#1\endcsname
    % it was a float, and we have the (safe) float type in \iffloattype.
    \expandafter\let\expandafter\floatlist
      \csname floatlist\iffloattype\endcsname
    %
    % Is this the first time we've seen this float type?
    \expandafter\ifx\floatlist\relax
      \toks0 = {\do}% yes, so just \do
    \else
      % had it before, so preserve previous elements in list.
      \toks0 = \expandafter{\floatlist\do}%
    \fi
    %
    % Remember this xref in the control sequence \floatlistFLOATTYPE,
    % for later use in \listoffloats.
    \expandafter\xdef\csname floatlist\iffloattype\endcsname{\the\toks0{#1}}%
  \fi
}

% Read the last existing aux file, if any.  No error if none exists.
%
\def\tryauxfile{%
  \openin 1 \jobname.aux
  \ifeof 1 \else
    \readdatafile{aux}%
    \global\havexrefstrue
  \fi
  \closein 1
}

\def\setupdatafile{%
  \catcode`\^^@=\other
  \catcode`\^^A=\other
  \catcode`\^^B=\other
  \catcode`\^^C=\other
  \catcode`\^^D=\other
  \catcode`\^^E=\other
  \catcode`\^^F=\other
  \catcode`\^^G=\other
  \catcode`\^^H=\other
  \catcode`\^^K=\other
  \catcode`\^^L=\other
  \catcode`\^^N=\other
  \catcode`\^^P=\other
  \catcode`\^^Q=\other
  \catcode`\^^R=\other
  \catcode`\^^S=\other
  \catcode`\^^T=\other
  \catcode`\^^U=\other
  \catcode`\^^V=\other
  \catcode`\^^W=\other
  \catcode`\^^X=\other
  \catcode`\^^Z=\other
  \catcode`\^^[=\other
  \catcode`\^^\=\other
  \catcode`\^^]=\other
  \catcode`\^^^=\other
  \catcode`\^^_=\other
  % It was suggested to set the catcode of ^ to 7, which would allow ^^e4 etc.
  % in xref tags, i.e., node names.  But since ^^e4 notation isn't
  % supported in the main text, it doesn't seem desirable.  Furthermore,
  % that is not enough: for node names that actually contain a ^
  % character, we would end up writing a line like this: 'xrdef {'hat
  % b-title}{'hat b} and \xrdef does a \csname...\endcsname on the first
  % argument, and \hat is not an expandable control sequence.  It could
  % all be worked out, but why?  Either we support ^^ or we don't.
  %
  % The other change necessary for this was to define \auxhat:
  % \def\auxhat{\def^{'hat }}% extra space so ok if followed by letter
  % and then to call \auxhat in \setq.
  %
  \catcode`\^=\other
  %
  % Special characters.  Should be turned off anyway, but...
  \catcode`\~=\other
  \catcode`\[=\other
  \catcode`\]=\other
  \catcode`\"=\other
  \catcode`\_=\other
  \catcode`\|=\other
  \catcode`\<=\other
  \catcode`\>=\other
  \catcode`\$=\other
  \catcode`\#=\other
  \catcode`\&=\other
  \catcode`\%=\other
  \catcode`+=\other % avoid \+ for paranoia even though we've turned it off
  %
  % This is to support \ in node names and titles, since the \
  % characters end up in a \csname.  It's easier than
  % leaving it active and making its active definition an actual \
  % character.  What I don't understand is why it works in the *value*
  % of the xrdef.  Seems like it should be a catcode12 \, and that
  % should not typeset properly.  But it works, so I'm moving on for
  % now.  --karl, 15jan04.
  \catcode`\\=\other
  %
  % Make the characters 128-255 be printing characters.
  {%
    \count1=128
    \def\loop{%
      \catcode\count1=\other
      \advance\count1 by 1
      \ifnum \count1<256 \loop \fi
    }%
  }%
  %
  % @ is our escape character in .aux files, and we need braces.
  \catcode`\{=1
  \catcode`\}=2
  \catcode`\@=0
}

\def\readdatafile#1{%
\begingroup
  \setupdatafile
  \input\jobname.#1
\endgroup}

\message{insertions,}
% including footnotes.

\newcount \footnoteno

% The trailing space in the following definition for supereject is
% vital for proper filling; pages come out unaligned when you do a
% pagealignmacro call if that space before the closing brace is
% removed. (Generally, numeric constants should always be followed by a
% space to prevent strange expansion errors.)
\def\supereject{\par\penalty -20000\footnoteno =0 }

% @footnotestyle is meaningful for info output only.
\let\footnotestyle=\comment

{\catcode `\@=11
%
% Auto-number footnotes.  Otherwise like plain.
\gdef\footnote{%
  \let\indent=\ptexindent
  \let\noindent=\ptexnoindent
  \global\advance\footnoteno by \@ne
  \edef\thisfootno{$^{\the\footnoteno}$}%
  %
  % In case the footnote comes at the end of a sentence, preserve the
  % extra spacing after we do the footnote number.
  \let\@sf\empty
  \ifhmode\edef\@sf{\spacefactor\the\spacefactor}\ptexslash\fi
  %
  % Remove inadvertent blank space before typesetting the footnote number.
  \unskip
  \thisfootno\@sf
  \dofootnote
}%

% Don't bother with the trickery in plain.tex to not require the
% footnote text as a parameter.  Our footnotes don't need to be so general.
%
% Oh yes, they do; otherwise, @ifset (and anything else that uses
% \parseargline) fails inside footnotes because the tokens are fixed when
% the footnote is read.  --karl, 16nov96.
%
\gdef\dofootnote{%
  \insert\footins\bgroup
  % We want to typeset this text as a normal paragraph, even if the
  % footnote reference occurs in (for example) a display environment.
  % So reset some parameters.
  \hsize=\pagewidth
  \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
  \splittopskip\ht\strutbox % top baseline for broken footnotes
  \splitmaxdepth\dp\strutbox
  \floatingpenalty\@MM
  \leftskip\z@skip
  \rightskip\z@skip
  \spaceskip\z@skip
  \xspaceskip\z@skip
  \parindent\defaultparindent
  %
  \smallfonts \rm
  %
  % Because we use hanging indentation in footnotes, a @noindent appears
  % to exdent this text, so make it be a no-op.  makeinfo does not use
  % hanging indentation so @noindent can still be needed within footnote
  % text after an @example or the like (not that this is good style).
  \let\noindent = \relax
  %
  % Hang the footnote text off the number.  Use \everypar in case the
  % footnote extends for more than one paragraph.
  \everypar = {\hang}%
  \textindent{\thisfootno}%
  %
  % Don't crash into the line above the footnote text.  Since this
  % expands into a box, it must come within the paragraph, lest it
  % provide a place where TeX can split the footnote.
  \footstrut
  \futurelet\next\fo@t
}
}%end \catcode `\@=11

% In case a @footnote appears in a vbox, save the footnote text and create
% the real \insert just after the vbox finished.  Otherwise, the insertion
% would be lost.
% Similarily, if a @footnote appears inside an alignment, save the footnote
% text to a box and make the \insert when a row of the table is finished.
% And the same can be done for other insert classes.  --kasal, 16nov03.

% Replace the \insert primitive by a cheating macro.
% Deeper inside, just make sure that the saved insertions are not spilled
% out prematurely.
%
\def\startsavinginserts{%
  \ifx \insert\ptexinsert
    \let\insert\saveinsert
  \else
    \let\checkinserts\relax
  \fi
}

% This \insert replacement works for both \insert\footins{foo} and
% \insert\footins\bgroup foo\egroup, but it doesn't work for \insert27{foo}.
%
\def\saveinsert#1{%
  \edef\next{\noexpand\savetobox \makeSAVEname#1}%
  \afterassignment\next
  % swallow the left brace
  \let\temp =
}
\def\makeSAVEname#1{\makecsname{SAVE\expandafter\gobble\string#1}}
\def\savetobox#1{\global\setbox#1 = \vbox\bgroup \unvbox#1}

\def\checksaveins#1{\ifvoid#1\else \placesaveins#1\fi}

\def\placesaveins#1{%
  \ptexinsert \csname\expandafter\gobblesave\string#1\endcsname
    {\box#1}%
}

% eat @SAVE -- beware, all of them have catcode \other:
{
  \def\dospecials{\do S\do A\do V\do E} \uncatcodespecials  %  ;-)
  \gdef\gobblesave @SAVE{}
}

% initialization:
\def\newsaveins #1{%
  \edef\next{\noexpand\newsaveinsX \makeSAVEname#1}%
  \next
}
\def\newsaveinsX #1{%
  \csname newbox\endcsname #1%
  \expandafter\def\expandafter\checkinserts\expandafter{\checkinserts
    \checksaveins #1}%
}

% initialize:
\let\checkinserts\empty
\newsaveins\footins
\newsaveins\margin


% @image.  We use the macros from epsf.tex to support this.
% If epsf.tex is not installed and @image is used, we complain.
%
% Check for and read epsf.tex up front.  If we read it only at @image
% time, we might be inside a group, and then its definitions would get
% undone and the next image would fail.
\openin 1 = epsf.tex
\ifeof 1 \else
  % Do not bother showing banner with epsf.tex v2.7k (available in
  % doc/epsf.tex and on ctan).
  \def\epsfannounce{\toks0 = }%
  \input epsf.tex
\fi
\closein 1
%
% We will only complain once about lack of epsf.tex.
\newif\ifwarnednoepsf
\newhelp\noepsfhelp{epsf.tex must be installed for images to
  work.  It is also included in the Texinfo distribution, or you can get
  it from ftp://tug.org/tex/epsf.tex.}
%
\def\image#1{%
  \ifx\epsfbox\undefined
    \ifwarnednoepsf \else
      \errhelp = \noepsfhelp
      \errmessage{epsf.tex not found, images will be ignored}%
      \global\warnednoepsftrue
    \fi
  \else
    \imagexxx #1,,,,,\finish
  \fi
}
%
% Arguments to @image:
% #1 is (mandatory) image filename; we tack on .eps extension.
% #2 is (optional) width, #3 is (optional) height.
% #4 is (ignored optional) html alt text.
% #5 is (ignored optional) extension.
% #6 is just the usual extra ignored arg for parsing this stuff.
\newif\ifimagevmode
\def\imagexxx#1,#2,#3,#4,#5,#6\finish{\begingroup
  \catcode`\^^M = 5     % in case we're inside an example
  \normalturnoffactive  % allow _ et al. in names
  % If the image is by itself, center it.
  \ifvmode
    \imagevmodetrue
    \nobreak\bigskip
    % Usually we'll have text after the image which will insert
    % \parskip glue, so insert it here too to equalize the space
    % above and below.
    \nobreak\vskip\parskip
    \nobreak
    \line\bgroup
  \fi
  %
  % Output the image.
  \ifpdf
    \dopdfimage{#1}{#2}{#3}%
  \else
    % \epsfbox itself resets \epsf?size at each figure.
    \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}\ifdim\wd0 > 0pt \epsfxsize=#2\relax \fi
    \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #3}\ifdim\wd0 > 0pt \epsfysize=#3\relax \fi
    \epsfbox{#1.eps}%
  \fi
  %
  \ifimagevmode \egroup \bigbreak \fi  % space after the image
\endgroup}


% @float FLOATTYPE,LABEL,LOC ... @end float for displayed figures, tables,
% etc.  We don't actually implement floating yet, we always include the
% float "here".  But it seemed the best name for the future.
%
\envparseargdef\float{\eatcommaspace\eatcommaspace\dofloat#1, , ,\finish}

% There may be a space before second and/or third parameter; delete it.
\def\eatcommaspace#1, {#1,}

% #1 is the optional FLOATTYPE, the text label for this float, typically
% "Figure", "Table", "Example", etc.  Can't contain commas.  If omitted,
% this float will not be numbered and cannot be referred to.
%
% #2 is the optional xref label.  Also must be present for the float to
% be referable.
%
% #3 is the optional positioning argument; for now, it is ignored.  It
% will somehow specify the positions allowed to float to (here, top, bottom).
%
% We keep a separate counter for each FLOATTYPE, which we reset at each
% chapter-level command.
\let\resetallfloatnos=\empty
%
\def\dofloat#1,#2,#3,#4\finish{%
  \let\thiscaption=\empty
  \let\thisshortcaption=\empty
  %
  % don't lose footnotes inside @float.
  %
  % BEWARE: when the floats start float, we have to issue warning whenever an
  % insert appears inside a float which could possibly float. --kasal, 26may04
  %
  \startsavinginserts
  %
  % We can't be used inside a paragraph.
  \par
  %
  \vtop\bgroup
    \def\floattype{#1}%
    \def\floatlabel{#2}%
    \def\floatloc{#3}% we do nothing with this yet.
    %
    \ifx\floattype\empty
      \let\safefloattype=\empty
    \else
      {%
        % the floattype might have accents or other special characters,
        % but we need to use it in a control sequence name.
        \indexnofonts
        \turnoffactive
        \xdef\safefloattype{\floattype}%
      }%
    \fi
    %
    % If label is given but no type, we handle that as the empty type.
    \ifx\floatlabel\empty \else
      % We want each FLOATTYPE to be numbered separately (Figure 1,
      % Table 1, Figure 2, ...).  (And if no label, no number.)
      %
      \expandafter\getfloatno\csname\safefloattype floatno\endcsname
      \global\advance\floatno by 1
      %
      {%
        % This magic value for \thissection is output by \setref as the
        % XREFLABEL-title value.  \xrefX uses it to distinguish float
        % labels (which have a completely different output format) from
        % node and anchor labels.  And \xrdef uses it to construct the
        % lists of floats.
        %
        \edef\thissection{\floatmagic=\safefloattype}%
        \setref{\floatlabel}{Yfloat}%
      }%
    \fi
    %
    % start with \parskip glue, I guess.
    \vskip\parskip
    %
    % Don't suppress indentation if a float happens to start a section.
    \restorefirstparagraphindent
}

% we have these possibilities:
% @float Foo,lbl & @caption{Cap}: Foo 1.1: Cap
% @float Foo,lbl & no caption:    Foo 1.1
% @float Foo & @caption{Cap}:     Foo: Cap
% @float Foo & no caption:        Foo
% @float ,lbl & Caption{Cap}:     1.1: Cap
% @float ,lbl & no caption:       1.1
% @float & @caption{Cap}:         Cap
% @float & no caption:
%
\def\Efloat{%
    \let\floatident = \empty
    %
    % In all cases, if we have a float type, it comes first.
    \ifx\floattype\empty \else \def\floatident{\floattype}\fi
    %
    % If we have an xref label, the number comes next.
    \ifx\floatlabel\empty \else
      \ifx\floattype\empty \else % if also had float type, need tie first.
        \appendtomacro\floatident{\tie}%
      \fi
      % the number.
      \appendtomacro\floatident{\chaplevelprefix\the\floatno}%
    \fi
    %
    % Start the printed caption with what we've constructed in
    % \floatident, but keep it separate; we need \floatident again.
    \let\captionline = \floatident
    %
    \ifx\thiscaption\empty \else
      \ifx\floatident\empty \else
	\appendtomacro\captionline{: }% had ident, so need a colon between
      \fi
      %
      % caption text.
      \appendtomacro\captionline{\scanexp\thiscaption}%
    \fi
    %
    % If we have anything to print, print it, with space before.
    % Eventually this needs to become an \insert.
    \ifx\captionline\empty \else
      \vskip.5\parskip
      \captionline
      %
      % Space below caption.
      \vskip\parskip
    \fi
    %
    % If have an xref label, write the list of floats info.  Do this
    % after the caption, to avoid chance of it being a breakpoint.
    \ifx\floatlabel\empty \else
      % Write the text that goes in the lof to the aux file as
      % \floatlabel-lof.  Besides \floatident, we include the short
      % caption if specified, else the full caption if specified, else nothing.
      {%
        \atdummies
        %
        % since we read the caption text in the macro world, where ^^M
        % is turned into a normal character, we have to scan it back, so
        % we don't write the literal three characters "^^M" into the aux file.
	\scanexp{%
	  \xdef\noexpand\gtemp{%
	    \ifx\thisshortcaption\empty
	      \thiscaption
	    \else
	      \thisshortcaption
	    \fi
	  }%
	}%
        \immediate\write\auxfile{@xrdef{\floatlabel-lof}{\floatident
	  \ifx\gtemp\empty \else : \gtemp \fi}}%
      }%
    \fi
  \egroup  % end of \vtop
  %
  % place the captured inserts
  %
  % BEWARE: when the floats start floating, we have to issue warning
  % whenever an insert appears inside a float which could possibly
  % float. --kasal, 26may04
  %
  \checkinserts
}

% Append the tokens #2 to the definition of macro #1, not expanding either.
%
\def\appendtomacro#1#2{%
  \expandafter\def\expandafter#1\expandafter{#1#2}%
}

% @caption, @shortcaption
%
\def\caption{\docaption\thiscaption}
\def\shortcaption{\docaption\thisshortcaption}
\def\docaption{\checkenv\float \bgroup\scanargctxt\defcaption}
\def\defcaption#1#2{\egroup \def#1{#2}}

% The parameter is the control sequence identifying the counter we are
% going to use.  Create it if it doesn't exist and assign it to \floatno.
\def\getfloatno#1{%
  \ifx#1\relax
      % Haven't seen this figure type before.
      \csname newcount\endcsname #1%
      %
      % Remember to reset this floatno at the next chap.
      \expandafter\gdef\expandafter\resetallfloatnos
        \expandafter{\resetallfloatnos #1=0 }%
  \fi
  \let\floatno#1%
}

% \setref calls this to get the XREFLABEL-snt value.  We want an @xref
% to the FLOATLABEL to expand to "Figure 3.1".  We call \setref when we
% first read the @float command.
%
\def\Yfloat{\floattype@tie \chaplevelprefix\the\floatno}%

% Magic string used for the XREFLABEL-title value, so \xrefX can
% distinguish floats from other xref types.
\def\floatmagic{!!float!!}

% #1 is the control sequence we are passed; we expand into a conditional
% which is true if #1 represents a float ref.  That is, the magic
% \thissection value which we \setref above.
%
\def\iffloat#1{\expandafter\doiffloat#1==\finish}
%
% #1 is (maybe) the \floatmagic string.  If so, #2 will be the
% (safe) float type for this float.  We set \iffloattype to #2.
%
\def\doiffloat#1=#2=#3\finish{%
  \def\temp{#1}%
  \def\iffloattype{#2}%
  \ifx\temp\floatmagic
}

% @listoffloats FLOATTYPE - print a list of floats like a table of contents.
%
\parseargdef\listoffloats{%
  \def\floattype{#1}% floattype
  {%
    % the floattype might have accents or other special characters,
    % but we need to use it in a control sequence name.
    \indexnofonts
    \turnoffactive
    \xdef\safefloattype{\floattype}%
  }%
  %
  % \xrdef saves the floats as a \do-list in \floatlistSAFEFLOATTYPE.
  \expandafter\ifx\csname floatlist\safefloattype\endcsname \relax
    \ifhavexrefs
      % if the user said @listoffloats foo but never @float foo.
      \message{\linenumber No `\safefloattype' floats to list.}%
    \fi
  \else
    \begingroup
      \leftskip=\tocindent  % indent these entries like a toc
      \let\do=\listoffloatsdo
      \csname floatlist\safefloattype\endcsname
    \endgroup
  \fi
}

% This is called on each entry in a list of floats.  We're passed the
% xref label, in the form LABEL-title, which is how we save it in the
% aux file.  We strip off the -title and look up \XRLABEL-lof, which
% has the text we're supposed to typeset here.
%
% Figures without xref labels will not be included in the list (since
% they won't appear in the aux file).
%
\def\listoffloatsdo#1{\listoffloatsdoentry#1\finish}
\def\listoffloatsdoentry#1-title\finish{{%
  % Can't fully expand XR#1-lof because it can contain anything.  Just
  % pass the control sequence.  On the other hand, XR#1-pg is just the
  % page number, and we want to fully expand that so we can get a link
  % in pdf output.
  \toksA = \expandafter{\csname XR#1-lof\endcsname}%
  %
  % use the same \entry macro we use to generate the TOC and index.
  \edef\writeentry{\noexpand\entry{\the\toksA}{\csname XR#1-pg\endcsname}}%
  \writeentry
}}

\message{localization,}
% and i18n.

% @documentlanguage is usually given very early, just after
% @setfilename.  If done too late, it may not override everything
% properly.  Single argument is the language abbreviation.
% It would be nice if we could set up a hyphenation file here.
%
\parseargdef\documentlanguage{%
  \tex % read txi-??.tex file in plain TeX.
    % Read the file if it exists.
    \openin 1 txi-#1.tex
    \ifeof 1
      \errhelp = \nolanghelp
      \errmessage{Cannot read language file txi-#1.tex}%
    \else
      \input txi-#1.tex
    \fi
    \closein 1
  \endgroup
}
\newhelp\nolanghelp{The given language definition file cannot be found or
is empty.  Maybe you need to install it?  In the current directory
should work if nowhere else does.}


% @documentencoding should change something in TeX eventually, most
% likely, but for now just recognize it.
\let\documentencoding = \comment


% Page size parameters.
%
\newdimen\defaultparindent \defaultparindent = 15pt

\chapheadingskip = 15pt plus 4pt minus 2pt
\secheadingskip = 12pt plus 3pt minus 2pt
\subsecheadingskip = 9pt plus 2pt minus 2pt

% Prevent underfull vbox error messages.
\vbadness = 10000

% Don't be so finicky about underfull hboxes, either.
\hbadness = 2000

% Following George Bush, just get rid of widows and orphans.
\widowpenalty=10000
\clubpenalty=10000

% Use TeX 3.0's \emergencystretch to help line breaking, but if we're
% using an old version of TeX, don't do anything.  We want the amount of
% stretch added to depend on the line length, hence the dependence on
% \hsize.  We call this whenever the paper size is set.
%
\def\setemergencystretch{%
  \ifx\emergencystretch\thisisundefined
    % Allow us to assign to \emergencystretch anyway.
    \def\emergencystretch{\dimen0}%
  \else
    \emergencystretch = .15\hsize
  \fi
}

% Parameters in order: 1) textheight; 2) textwidth;
% 3) voffset; 4) hoffset; 5) binding offset; 6) topskip;
% 7) physical page height; 8) physical page width.
%
% We also call \setleading{\textleading}, so the caller should define
% \textleading.  The caller should also set \parskip.
%
\def\internalpagesizes#1#2#3#4#5#6#7#8{%
  \voffset = #3\relax
  \topskip = #6\relax
  \splittopskip = \topskip
  %
  \vsize = #1\relax
  \advance\vsize by \topskip
  \outervsize = \vsize
  \advance\outervsize by 2\topandbottommargin
  \pageheight = \vsize
  %
  \hsize = #2\relax
  \outerhsize = \hsize
  \advance\outerhsize by 0.5in
  \pagewidth = \hsize
  %
  \normaloffset = #4\relax
  \bindingoffset = #5\relax
  %
  \ifpdf
    \pdfpageheight #7\relax
    \pdfpagewidth #8\relax
  \fi
  %
  \setleading{\textleading}
  %
  \parindent = \defaultparindent
  \setemergencystretch
}

% @letterpaper (the default).
\def\letterpaper{{\globaldefs = 1
  \parskip = 3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
  \textleading = 13.2pt
  %
  % If page is nothing but text, make it come out even.
  \internalpagesizes{46\baselineskip}{6in}%
                    {\voffset}{.25in}%
                    {\bindingoffset}{36pt}%
                    {11in}{8.5in}%
}}

% Use @smallbook to reset parameters for 7x9.25 trim size.
\def\smallbook{{\globaldefs = 1
  \parskip = 2pt plus 1pt
  \textleading = 12pt
  %
  \internalpagesizes{7.5in}{5in}%
                    {\voffset}{.25in}%
                    {\bindingoffset}{16pt}%
                    {9.25in}{7in}%
  %
  \lispnarrowing = 0.3in
  \tolerance = 700
  \hfuzz = 1pt
  \contentsrightmargin = 0pt
  \defbodyindent = .5cm
}}

% Use @smallerbook to reset parameters for 6x9 trim size.
% (Just testing, parameters still in flux.)
\def\smallerbook{{\globaldefs = 1
  \parskip = 1.5pt plus 1pt
  \textleading = 12pt
  %
  \internalpagesizes{7.4in}{4.8in}%
                    {-.2in}{-.4in}%
                    {0pt}{14pt}%
                    {9in}{6in}%
  %
  \lispnarrowing = 0.25in
  \tolerance = 700
  \hfuzz = 1pt
  \contentsrightmargin = 0pt
  \defbodyindent = .4cm
}}

% Use @afourpaper to print on European A4 paper.
\def\afourpaper{{\globaldefs = 1
  \parskip = 3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
  \textleading = 13.2pt
  %
  % Double-side printing via postscript on Laserjet 4050
  % prints double-sided nicely when \bindingoffset=10mm and \hoffset=-6mm.
  % To change the settings for a different printer or situation, adjust
  % \normaloffset until the front-side and back-side texts align.  Then
  % do the same for \bindingoffset.  You can set these for testing in
  % your texinfo source file like this:
  % @tex
  % \global\normaloffset = -6mm
  % \global\bindingoffset = 10mm
  % @end tex
  \internalpagesizes{51\baselineskip}{160mm}
                    {\voffset}{\hoffset}%
                    {\bindingoffset}{44pt}%
                    {297mm}{210mm}%
  %
  \tolerance = 700
  \hfuzz = 1pt
  \contentsrightmargin = 0pt
  \defbodyindent = 5mm
}}

% Use @afivepaper to print on European A5 paper.
% From romildo@urano.iceb.ufop.br, 2 July 2000.
% He also recommends making @example and @lisp be small.
\def\afivepaper{{\globaldefs = 1
  \parskip = 2pt plus 1pt minus 0.1pt
  \textleading = 12.5pt
  %
  \internalpagesizes{160mm}{120mm}%
                    {\voffset}{\hoffset}%
                    {\bindingoffset}{8pt}%
                    {210mm}{148mm}%
  %
  \lispnarrowing = 0.2in
  \tolerance = 800
  \hfuzz = 1.2pt
  \contentsrightmargin = 0pt
  \defbodyindent = 2mm
  \tableindent = 12mm
}}

% A specific text layout, 24x15cm overall, intended for A4 paper.
\def\afourlatex{{\globaldefs = 1
  \afourpaper
  \internalpagesizes{237mm}{150mm}%
                    {\voffset}{4.6mm}%
                    {\bindingoffset}{7mm}%
                    {297mm}{210mm}%
  %
  % Must explicitly reset to 0 because we call \afourpaper.
  \globaldefs = 0
}}

% Use @afourwide to print on A4 paper in landscape format.
\def\afourwide{{\globaldefs = 1
  \afourpaper
  \internalpagesizes{241mm}{165mm}%
                    {\voffset}{-2.95mm}%
                    {\bindingoffset}{7mm}%
                    {297mm}{210mm}%
  \globaldefs = 0
}}

% @pagesizes TEXTHEIGHT[,TEXTWIDTH]
% Perhaps we should allow setting the margins, \topskip, \parskip,
% and/or leading, also. Or perhaps we should compute them somehow.
%
\parseargdef\pagesizes{\pagesizesyyy #1,,\finish}
\def\pagesizesyyy#1,#2,#3\finish{{%
  \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}\ifdim\wd0 > 0pt \hsize=#2\relax \fi
  \globaldefs = 1
  %
  \parskip = 3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
  \setleading{\textleading}%
  %
  \dimen0 = #1
  \advance\dimen0 by \voffset
  %
  \dimen2 = \hsize
  \advance\dimen2 by \normaloffset
  %
  \internalpagesizes{#1}{\hsize}%
                    {\voffset}{\normaloffset}%
                    {\bindingoffset}{44pt}%
                    {\dimen0}{\dimen2}%
}}

% Set default to letter.
%
\letterpaper


\message{and turning on texinfo input format.}

% Define macros to output various characters with catcode for normal text.
\catcode`\"=\other
\catcode`\~=\other
\catcode`\^=\other
\catcode`\_=\other
\catcode`\|=\other
\catcode`\<=\other
\catcode`\>=\other
\catcode`\+=\other
\catcode`\$=\other
\def\normaldoublequote{"}
\def\normaltilde{~}
\def\normalcaret{^}
\def\normalunderscore{_}
\def\normalverticalbar{|}
\def\normalless{<}
\def\normalgreater{>}
\def\normalplus{+}
\def\normaldollar{$}%$ font-lock fix

% This macro is used to make a character print one way in \tt
% (where it can probably be output as-is), and another way in other fonts,
% where something hairier probably needs to be done.
%
% #1 is what to print if we are indeed using \tt; #2 is what to print
% otherwise.  Since all the Computer Modern typewriter fonts have zero
% interword stretch (and shrink), and it is reasonable to expect all
% typewriter fonts to have this, we can check that font parameter.
%
\def\ifusingtt#1#2{\ifdim \fontdimen3\font=0pt #1\else #2\fi}

% Same as above, but check for italic font.  Actually this also catches
% non-italic slanted fonts since it is impossible to distinguish them from
% italic fonts.  But since this is only used by $ and it uses \sl anyway
% this is not a problem.
\def\ifusingit#1#2{\ifdim \fontdimen1\font>0pt #1\else #2\fi}

% Turn off all special characters except @
% (and those which the user can use as if they were ordinary).
% Most of these we simply print from the \tt font, but for some, we can
% use math or other variants that look better in normal text.

\catcode`\"=\active
\def\activedoublequote{{\tt\char34}}
\let"=\activedoublequote
\catcode`\~=\active
\def~{{\tt\char126}}
\chardef\hat=`\^
\catcode`\^=\active
\def^{{\tt \hat}}

\catcode`\_=\active
\def_{\ifusingtt\normalunderscore\_}
\let\realunder=_
% Subroutine for the previous macro.
\def\_{\leavevmode \kern.07em \vbox{\hrule width.3em height.1ex}\kern .07em }

\catcode`\|=\active
\def|{{\tt\char124}}
\chardef \less=`\<
\catcode`\<=\active
\def<{{\tt \less}}
\chardef \gtr=`\>
\catcode`\>=\active
\def>{{\tt \gtr}}
\catcode`\+=\active
\def+{{\tt \char 43}}
\catcode`\$=\active
\def${\ifusingit{{\sl\$}}\normaldollar}%$ font-lock fix

% If a .fmt file is being used, characters that might appear in a file
% name cannot be active until we have parsed the command line.
% So turn them off again, and have \everyjob (or @setfilename) turn them on.
% \otherifyactive is called near the end of this file.
\def\otherifyactive{\catcode`+=\other \catcode`\_=\other}

% Used sometimes to turn off (effectively) the active characters even after
% parsing them.
\def\turnoffactive{%
  \normalturnoffactive
  \otherbackslash
}

\catcode`\@=0

% \backslashcurfont outputs one backslash character in current font,
% as in \char`\\.
\global\chardef\backslashcurfont=`\\
\global\let\rawbackslashxx=\backslashcurfont  % let existing .??s files work

% \realbackslash is an actual character `\' with catcode other, and
% \doublebackslash is two of them (for the pdf outlines).
{\catcode`\\=\other @gdef@realbackslash{\} @gdef@doublebackslash{\\}}

% In texinfo, backslash is an active character; it prints the backslash
% in fixed width font.
\catcode`\\=\active
@def@normalbackslash{{@tt@backslashcurfont}}
% On startup, @fixbackslash assigns:
%  @let \ = @normalbackslash

% \rawbackslash defines an active \ to do \backslashcurfont.
% \otherbackslash defines an active \ to be a literal `\' character with
% catcode other.
@gdef@rawbackslash{@let\=@backslashcurfont}
@gdef@otherbackslash{@let\=@realbackslash}

% Same as @turnoffactive except outputs \ as {\tt\char`\\} instead of
% the literal character `\'.
%
@def@normalturnoffactive{%
  @let\=@normalbackslash
  @let"=@normaldoublequote
  @let~=@normaltilde
  @let^=@normalcaret
  @let_=@normalunderscore
  @let|=@normalverticalbar
  @let<=@normalless
  @let>=@normalgreater
  @let+=@normalplus
  @let$=@normaldollar %$ font-lock fix
  @unsepspaces
}

% Make _ and + \other characters, temporarily.
% This is canceled by @fixbackslash.
@otherifyactive

% If a .fmt file is being used, we don't want the `\input texinfo' to show up.
% That is what \eatinput is for; after that, the `\' should revert to printing
% a backslash.
%
@gdef@eatinput input texinfo{@fixbackslash}
@global@let\ = @eatinput

% On the other hand, perhaps the file did not have a `\input texinfo'. Then
% the first `\' in the file would cause an error. This macro tries to fix
% that, assuming it is called before the first `\' could plausibly occur.
% Also turn back on active characters that might appear in the input
% file name, in case not using a pre-dumped format.
%
@gdef@fixbackslash{%
  @ifx\@eatinput @let\ = @normalbackslash @fi
  @catcode`+=@active
  @catcode`@_=@active
}

% Say @foo, not \foo, in error messages.
@escapechar = `@@

% These look ok in all fonts, so just make them not special.
@catcode`@& = @other
@catcode`@# = @other
@catcode`@% = @other


@c Local variables:
@c eval: (add-hook 'write-file-hooks 'time-stamp)
@c page-delimiter: "^\\\\message"
@c time-stamp-start: "def\\\\texinfoversion{"
@c time-stamp-format: "%:y-%02m-%02d.%02H"
@c time-stamp-end: "}"
@c End:

@c vim:sw=2:

@ignore
   arch-tag: e1b36e32-c96e-4135-a41a-0b2efa2ea115
@end ignore
stow-2.2.0/doc/stow.info0000644000076400007640000020747111720005466012072 00000000000000This is doc/stow.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.13 from
./doc/stow.texi.

This manual describes GNU Stow version 2.2.0 (18 February 2012), a
program for managing the installation of software packages.

   Software and documentation is copyrighted by the following:

   (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996 Bob Glickstein 
(C) 2000, 2001 Guillaume Morin 
(C) 2007 Kahlil (Kal) Hodgson 
(C) 2011 Adam Spiers 

     Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
     this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission
     notice are preserved on all copies.

     Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of
     this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided
     also that the section entitled "GNU General Public License" is
     included with the modified manual, and provided that the entire
     resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
     permission notice identical to this one.

     Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
     manual into another language, under the above conditions for
     modified versions, except that this permission notice may be
     stated in a translation approved by the Free Software Foundation.

INFO-DIR-SECTION System administration
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* Stow: (stow).           GNU Stow.
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY


File: stow.info,  Node: Top,  Next: Introduction,  Up: (dir)

Stow
****

This manual describes GNU Stow 2.2.0 (18 February 2012), a program for
managing the installation of software packages.

* Menu:

* Introduction::                Description of Stow.
* Terminology::                 Terms used by this manual.
* Invoking Stow::               Option summary.
* Ignore Lists::                Controlling what gets stowed.
* Installing Packages::         Using Stow to install.
* Deleting Packages::           Using Stow to uninstall.
* Conflicts::                   When Stow can't stow.
* Mixing Operations::           Multiple actions per invocation.
* Multiple Stow Directories::   Further segregating software.
* Target Maintenance::          Cleaning up mistakes.
* Resource Files::              Setting default command line options.
* Compile-time vs Install-time::  Faking out `make install'.
* Bootstrapping::               When stow and perl are not yet stowed.
* Reporting Bugs::              How, what, where, and when to report.
* Known Bugs::                  Don't report any of these.
* GNU General Public License::  Copying terms.
* Index::                       Index of concepts.

 --- The Detailed Node Listing ---

Ignore Lists

* Motivation For Ignore Lists::
* Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists::
* Justification For Yet Another Set Of Ignore Files::

Advice on changing compilation and installation parameters

* GNU Emacs::
* Other FSF Software::
* Cygnus Software::
* Perl and Perl 5 Modules::


File: stow.info,  Node: Introduction,  Next: Terminology,  Prev: Top,  Up: Top

1 Introduction
**************

Stow is a tool for managing the installation of multiple software
packages in the same run-time directory tree.  One historical difficulty
of this task has been the need to administer, upgrade, install, and
remove files in independent packages without confusing them with other
files sharing the same file system space.  For instance, it is common to
install Perl and Emacs in `/usr/local'.  When one does so, one winds up
with the following files(1) in `/usr/local/man/man1':

     a2p.1
     ctags.1
     emacs.1
     etags.1
     h2ph.1
     perl.1
     s2p.1

Now suppose it's time to uninstall Perl.  Which man pages get removed?
Obviously `perl.1' is one of them, but it should not be the
administrator's responsibility to memorize the ownership of individual
files by separate packages.

   The approach used by Stow is to install each package into its own
tree, then use symbolic links to make it appear as though the files are
installed in the common tree.  Administration can be performed in the
package's private tree in isolation from clutter from other packages.
Stow can then be used to update the symbolic links.  The structure of
each private tree should reflect the desired structure in the common
tree; i.e. (in the typical case) there should be a `bin' directory
containing executables, a `man/man1' directory containing section 1 man
pages, and so on.

   Stow was inspired by Carnegie Mellon's Depot program, but is
substantially simpler and safer.  Whereas Depot required database files
to keep things in sync, Stow stores no extra state between runs, so
there's no danger (as there was in Depot) of mangling directories when
file hierarchies don't match the database.  Also unlike Depot, Stow will
never delete any files, directories, or links that appear in a Stow
directory (e.g., `/usr/local/stow/emacs'), so it's always possible to
rebuild the target tree (e.g., `/usr/local').

   For information about the latest version of Stow, you can refer to
`http://www.gnu.org/software/stow/'.

   ---------- Footnotes ----------

   (1) As of Perl 4.036 and Emacs 19.22.


File: stow.info,  Node: Terminology,  Next: Invoking Stow,  Prev: Introduction,  Up: Top

2 Terminology
*************

   A "package" is a related collection of files and directories that
you wish to administer as a unit -- e.g., Perl or Emacs -- and that
needs to be installed in a particular directory structure -- e.g., with
`bin', `lib', and `man' subdirectories.

   A "target directory" is the root of a tree in which one or more
packages wish to _appear_ to be installed.  A common, but by no means
the only such location is `/usr/local'.  The examples in this manual
will use `/usr/local' as the target directory.

   A "stow directory" is the root of a tree containing separate
packages in private subtrees.  When Stow runs, it uses the current
directory as the default stow directory.  The examples in this manual
will use `/usr/local/stow' as the stow directory, so that individual
packages will be, for example, `/usr/local/stow/perl' and
`/usr/local/stow/emacs'.

   An "installation image" is the layout of files and directories
required by a package, relative to the target directory.  Thus, the
installation image for Perl includes: a `bin' directory containing
`perl' and `a2p' (among others); an `info' directory containing Texinfo
documentation; a `lib/perl' directory containing Perl libraries; and a
`man/man1' directory containing man pages.

   A "package directory" is the root of a tree containing the
installation image for a particular package.  Each package directory
must reside in a stow directory -- e.g., the package directory
`/usr/local/stow/perl' must reside in the stow directory
`/usr/local/stow'.  The "name" of a package is the name of its
directory within the stow directory -- e.g., `perl'.

   Thus, the Perl executable might reside in
`/usr/local/stow/perl/bin/perl', where `/usr/local' is the target
directory, `/usr/local/stow' is the stow directory,
`/usr/local/stow/perl' is the package directory, and `bin/perl' within
is part of the installation image.

   A "symlink" is a symbolic link.  A symlink can be "relative" or
"absolute".  An absolute symlink names a full path; that is, one
starting from `/'.  A relative symlink names a relative path; that is,
one not starting from `/'.  The target of a relative symlink is
computed starting from the symlink's own directory.  Stow only creates
relative symlinks.


File: stow.info,  Node: Invoking Stow,  Next: Ignore Lists,  Prev: Terminology,  Up: Top

3 Invoking Stow
***************

The syntax of the `stow' command is:

     stow [OPTIONS] [ACTION FLAG] PACKAGE ...

Each PACKAGE is the name of a package (e.g., `perl') in the stow
directory that we wish to install into (or delete from) the target
directory.  The default action is to install the given packages,
although alternate actions may be specified by preceding the package
name(s) with an ACTION FLAG.

The following options are supported:

`-d DIR'
`--dir=DIR'
     Set the stow directory to DIR.  Defaults to the value of the
     environment variable `STOW_DIR' if set, or the current directory
     otherwise.

`-t DIR'
`--target=DIR'
     Set the target directory to DIR instead of the parent of the stow
     directory.  Defaults to the parent of the stow directory, so it is
     typical to execute `stow' from the directory `/usr/local/stow'.

`--ignore=REGEXP'
     This (repeatable) option lets you suppress acting on files that
     match the given perl regular expression.  For example, using the
     options

          --ignore='*.orig' --ignore='*.dist'

     will cause stow to ignore files ending in `.orig' or `.dist'.

     Note that the regular expression is anchored to the end of the
     filename, because this is what you will want to do most of the
     time.

     Also note that by default Stow automatically ignores a "sensible"
     built-in list of files and directories such as `CVS', editor
     backup files, and so on.  *Note Ignore Lists::, for more details.

`--defer=REGEXP'
     This (repeatable) option avoids stowing a file matching the given
     regular expression, if that file is already stowed by another
     package.  This is effectively the opposite of `--override'.

     (N.B. the name `--defer' was chosen in the sense that the package
     currently being stowed is treated with lower precedence than any
     already installed package, not in the sense that the operation is
     being postponed to be run at a later point in time; do not confuse
     this nomenclature with the wording used in *note Deferred
     Operation::.)

     For example, the following options

          --defer=man --defer=info

     will cause stow to skip over pre-existing man and info pages.

     Equivalently, you could use `--defer='man|info'' since the
     argument is just a Perl regex.

     Note that the regular expression is anchored to the beginning of
     the path relative to the target directory, because this is what
     you will want to do most of the time.

`--override=REGEXP'
     This (repeatable) option forces any file matching the regular
     expression to be stowed, even if the file is already stowed to
     another package. For example, the following options

          --override=man --override=info

     will permit stow to overwrite links that point to pre-existing man
     and info pages that are owned by stow and would otherwise cause a
     conflict.

     The regular expression is anchored to the beginning of the path
     relative to the target directory, because this is what you will
     want to do most of the time.

`--no-folding'
     This disables any further *note tree folding:: or *note tree
     refolding::.  If a new subdirectory is encountered whilst stowing
     a new package, the subdirectory is created within the target, and
     its contents are symlinked, rather than just creating a symlink
     for the directory.  If removal of symlinks whilst unstowing a
     package causes a subtree to be foldable (i.e. only containing
     symlinks to a single package), that subtree will not be removed
     and replaced with a symlink.

`--adopt'
     *Warning!* This behaviour is specifically intended to alter the
     contents of your stow directory.  If you do not want that, this
     option is not for you.

     When stowing, if a target is encountered which already exists but
     is a plain file (and hence not owned by any existing stow
     package), then normally Stow will register this as a conflict and
     refuse to proceed.  This option changes that behaviour so that the
     file is moved to the same relative place within the package's
     installation image within the stow directory, and then stowing
     proceeds as before.  So effectively, the file becomes adopted by
     the stow package, without its contents changing.

     This is particularly useful when the stow package is under the
     control of a version control system, because it allows files in
     the target tree, with potentially different contents to the
     equivalent versions in the stow package's installation image, to
     be adopted into the package, then compared by running something
     like `git diff ...' inside the stow package, and finally either
     kept (e.g. via `git commit ...') or discarded (`git checkout HEAD
     ...').

`-n'
`--no'
`--simulate'
     Do not perform any operations that modify the file system; in
     combination with `-v' can be used to merely show what would happen.

`-v'
`--verbose[=N]'
     Send verbose output to standard error describing what Stow is
     doing.  Verbosity levels are 0, 1, 2, and 3; 0 is the default.
     Using `-v' or `--verbose' increases the verbosity by one; using
     `--verbose=N' sets it to N.

`-p'
`--compat'
     Scan the whole target tree when unstowing.  By default, only
     directories specified in the "installation image" are scanned
     during an unstow operation.  Scanning the whole tree can be
     prohibitive if your target tree is very large.  This option
     restores the legacy behaviour; however, the `--badlinks' option to
     the `chkstow' utility may be a better way of ensuring that your
     installation does not have any dangling symlinks (*note Target
     Maintenance::).

`-V'
`--version'
     Show Stow version number, and exit.

`-h'
`--help'
     Show Stow command syntax, and exit.

   The following ACTION FLAGS are supported:

`-D'
`--delete'
     Delete (unstow) the package name(s) that follow this option from
     the "target directory". This option may be repeated any number of
     times.

`-R'
`--restow'
     Restow (first unstow, then stow again) the package names that
     follow this option.  This is useful for pruning obsolete symlinks
     from the target tree after updating the software in a package.
     This option may be repeated any number of times.

`-S'

`--stow'
     explictly stow the package name(s) that follow this option.  May be
     omitted if you are not using the `-D' or `-R' options in the same
     invocation.  *Note Mixing Operations::, for details of when you
     might like to use this feature. This option may be repeated any
     number of times.


File: stow.info,  Node: Ignore Lists,  Next: Installing Packages,  Prev: Invoking Stow,  Up: Top

4 Ignore Lists
**************

* Menu:

* Motivation For Ignore Lists::
* Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists::
* Justification For Yet Another Set Of Ignore Files::


File: stow.info,  Node: Motivation For Ignore Lists,  Next: Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists,  Prev: Ignore Lists,  Up: Ignore Lists

4.1 Motivation For Ignore Lists
===============================

In many situations, there will exist files under the package
directories which it would be undesirable to stow into the target
directory.  For example, files related version control such as
`.gitignore', `CVS', `*,v' (RCS files) should typically not have
symlinks from the target tree pointing to them.  Also there may be
files or directories relating to the build of the package which are not
needed at run-time.

   In these cases, it can be rather cumbersome to specify a `--ignore'
parameter for each file or directory to be ignored.  This could be
worked around by ensuring the existence of `~/.stowrc' containing
multiple `--ignore' lines, or if a different set of files/directories
should be ignored depending on which stow package is involved, a
`.stowrc' file for each stow package, but this would require the user
to ensure that they were in the correct directory before invoking stow,
which would be tedious and error-prone.  Furthermore, since Stow shifts
parameters from `.stowrc' onto ARGV at run-time, it could clutter up
the process table with excessively long parameter lists, or even worse,
exceed the operating system's limit for process arguments.

   Therefore in addition to `--ignore' parameters, Stow provides a way
to specify lists of files and directories to ignore.


File: stow.info,  Node: Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists,  Next: Justification For Yet Another Set Of Ignore Files,  Prev: Motivation For Ignore Lists,  Up: Ignore Lists

4.2 Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists
====================================

If you put Perl regular expressions, one per line, in a
`.stow-local-ignore' file within any top level package directory, in
which case any file or directory within that package matching any of
these regular expressions will be ignored.  In the absence of this
package-specific ignore list, Stow will instead use the contents of
`~/.stow-global-ignore', if it exists.  If neither the package-local or
global ignore list exist, Stow will use its own built-in default ignore
list, which serves as a useful example of the format of these ignore
list files:

     # Comments and blank lines are allowed.

     RCS
     .+,v

     CVS
     \.\#.+       # CVS conflict files / emacs lock files
     \.cvsignore

     \.svn
     _darcs
     \.hg

     \.git
     \.gitignore

     .+~          # emacs backup files
     \#.*\#       # emacs autosave files

   Stow first iterates through the chosen ignore list (built-in, global,
or package-local) as per above, stripping out comments (if you want to
include the `#' symbol in a regular expression, escape it with a
blackslash) and blank lines, placing each regular expressions into one
of two sets depending on whether it contains the `/' forward slash
symbol.

   Then in order to determine whether a file or directory should be
ignored:

  1. Stow calculates its path relative to the top-level package
     directory, prefixing that with `/'.  If any of the regular
     expressions containing a `/' _exactly_(1) match a subpath(2) of
     this relative path, then the file or directory will be ignored.

  2. If none of the regular expressions containing a `/' match in the
     manner described above, Stow checks whether the _basename_(3) of
     the file or directory matches _exactly_ against the remaining
     regular expressions which do not contain a `/', and if so, ignores
     the file or directory.

  3. Otherwise, the file or directory is not ignored.

   For example, if a file `bazqux' is in the `foo/bar' subdirectory of
the package directory, Stow would use `/foo/bar/bazqux' as the text for
matching against regular expressions which contain `/', and `bazqux' as
the text for matching against regular expressions which don't contain
`/'.  Then regular expressions `bazqux', `baz.*', `.*qux', `bar/.*x',
and `^/foo/.*qux' would all match (causing the file to be ignored),
whereas `bar', `baz', `qux', and `o/bar/b' would not (although `bar'
would cause its parent directory to be ignored and prevent Stow from
recursing into that anyway, in which case the file `bazqux' would not
even be considered for stowing).

   As a special exception to the above algorithm, any
`.stow-local-ignore' present in the top-level package directory is
_always_ ignored, regardless of the contents of any ignore list,
because this file serves no purpose outside the stow directory.

   ---------- Footnotes ----------

   (1) Exact matching means the regular expression is anchored at the
beginning and end, in contrast to unanchored regular expressions which
will match a substring.

   (2) In this context, "subpath" means a contiguous subset of path
segments; e.g for the relative path `one/two/three', there are six
valid subpaths: `one', `two', `three', `one/two', `two/three',
`one/two/three'.

   (3) The "basename" is the name of the file or directory itself,
excluding any directory path prefix - as returned by the `basename'
command.


File: stow.info,  Node: Justification For Yet Another Set Of Ignore Files,  Prev: Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists,  Up: Ignore Lists

4.3 Justification For Yet Another Set Of Ignore Files
=====================================================

The reader may note that this format is very similar to existing ignore
list file formats, such as those for `cvs', `git', `rsync' etc., and
wonder if another set of ignore lists is justified.  However there are
good reasons why Stow does not simply check for the presence of say,
`.cvsignore', and use that if it exists.  Firstly, there is no
guarantee that a stow package would contain any version control
meta-data, or permit introducing this if it didn't already exist.

   Secondly even if it did, version control system ignore lists
generally reflect _build-time_ ignores rather than _install-time_, and
there may be some intermediate or temporary files on those ignore lists
generated during development or at build-time which it would be
inappropriate to stow, even though many files generated at build-time
(binaries, libraries, documentation etc.) certainly do need to be
stowed.  Similarly, if a file is _not_ in the version control system's
ignore list, there is no way of knowing whether the file is intended
for end use, let alone whether the version control system is tracking
it or not.

   Therefore it seems clear that ignore lists provided by version
control systems do not provide sufficient information for Stow to
determine which files and directories to stow, and so it makes sense
for Stow to support independent ignore lists.


File: stow.info,  Node: Installing Packages,  Next: Deleting Packages,  Prev: Ignore Lists,  Up: Top

5 Installing Packages
*********************

The default action of Stow is to install a package.  This means creating
symlinks in the target tree that point into the package tree.  Stow
attempts to do this with as few symlinks as possible; in other words, if
Stow can create a single symlink that points to an entire subtree within
the package tree, it will choose to do that rather than create a
directory in the target tree and populate it with symlinks.

5.1 Tree folding
================

For example, suppose that no packages have yet been installed in
`/usr/local'; it's completely empty (except for the `stow'
subdirectory, of course).  Now suppose the Perl package is installed.
Recall that it includes the following directories in its installation
image:  `bin'; `info'; `lib/perl'; `man/man1'.  Rather than creating
the directory `/usr/local/bin' and populating it with symlinks to
`../stow/perl/bin/perl' and `../stow/perl/bin/a2p' (and so on), Stow
will create a single symlink, `/usr/local/bin', which points to
`stow/perl/bin'.  In this way, it still works to refer to
`/usr/local/bin/perl' and `/usr/local/bin/a2p', and fewer symlinks have
been created.  This is called "tree folding", since an entire subtree
is "folded" into a single symlink.

   To complete this example, Stow will also create the symlink
`/usr/local/info' pointing to `stow/perl/info'; the symlink
`/usr/local/lib' pointing to `stow/perl/lib'; and the symlink
`/usr/local/man' pointing to `stow/perl/man'.

   Now suppose that instead of installing the Perl package into an empty
target tree, the target tree is not empty to begin with.  Instead, it
contains several files and directories installed under a different
system-administration philosophy.  In particular, `/usr/local/bin'
already exists and is a directory, as are `/usr/local/lib' and
`/usr/local/man/man1'.  In this case, Stow will descend into
`/usr/local/bin' and create symlinks to `../stow/perl/bin/perl' and
`../stow/perl/bin/a2p' (etc.), and it will descend into
`/usr/local/lib' and create the tree-folding symlink `perl' pointing to
`../stow/perl/lib/perl', and so on.  As a rule, Stow only descends as
far as necessary into the target tree when it can create a tree-folding
symlink.  However, this behaviour can be changed via the `--no-folding'
option; *note Invoking Stow::.

5.2 Tree unfolding
==================

The time often comes when a tree-folding symlink has to be undone
because another package uses one or more of the folded subdirectories in
its installation image.  This operation is called "splitting open" or
"unfolding" a folded tree.  It involves removing the original symlink
from the target tree, creating a true directory in its place, and then
populating the new directory with symlinks to the newly-installed
package _and_ to the old package that used the old symlink.  For
example, suppose that after installing Perl into an empty `/usr/local',
we wish to install Emacs.  Emacs's installation image includes a `bin'
directory containing the `emacs' and `etags' executables, among others.
Stow must make these files appear to be installed in `/usr/local/bin',
but presently `/usr/local/bin' is a symlink to `stow/perl/bin'.  Stow
therefore takes the following steps:  the symlink `/usr/local/bin' is
deleted; the directory `/usr/local/bin' is created; links are made from
`/usr/local/bin' to `../stow/emacs/bin/emacs' and
`../stow/emacs/bin/etags'; and links are made from `/usr/local/bin' to
`../stow/perl/bin/perl' and `../stow/perl/bin/a2p'.

5.3 Ownership
=============

When splitting open a folded tree, Stow makes sure that the symlink it
is about to remove points inside a valid package in the current stow
directory.  _Stow will never delete anything that it doesn't own_.
Stow "owns" everything living in the target tree that points into a
package in the stow directory.  Anything Stow owns, it can recompute if
lost: symlinks that point into a package in the stow directory, or
directories that only contain symlinks that stow "owns".   Note that by
this definition, Stow doesn't "own" anything _in_ the stow directory or
in any of the packages.

5.4 Conflicts during installation
=================================

If Stow needs to create a directory or a symlink in the target tree and
it cannot because that name is already in use and is not owned by Stow,
then a "conflict" has arisen.  *Note Conflicts::.


File: stow.info,  Node: Deleting Packages,  Next: Conflicts,  Prev: Installing Packages,  Up: Top

6 Deleting Packages
*******************

When the `-D' option is given, the action of Stow is to delete a
package from the target tree.  Note that Stow will not delete anything
it doesn't "own".  Deleting a package does _not_ mean removing it from
the stow directory or discarding the package tree.

   To delete a package, Stow recursively scans the target tree,
skipping over any directory that is not included in the installation
image.(1) For example, if the target directory is `/usr/local' and the
installation image for the package being deleted has only a `bin'
directory and a `man' directory at the top level, then we only scan
`/usr/local/bin' and  `/usr/local/bin/man', and not `/usr/local/lib' or
`/usr/local/share', or for that matter `/usr/local/stow'.  Any symlink
it finds that points into the package being deleted is removed.  Any
directory that contained only symlinks to the package being deleted is
removed.

6.1 Refolding "foldable" trees.
===============================

After removing symlinks and empty subdirectories, any directory that
contains only symlinks to a single other package is considered to be a
previously "folded" tree that was "split open."  Stow will refold the
tree by removing the symlinks to the surviving package, removing the
directory, then linking the directory back to the surviving package.
However, this behaviour can be prevented via the `--no-folding' option;
*note Invoking Stow::.

   ---------- Footnotes ----------

   (1) This approach was introduced in version 2 of GNU Stow.
Previously, the whole target tree was scanned and stow directories were
explicitly omitted.  This became problematic when dealing with very
large installations.  The only situation where this is useful is if you
accidentally delete a directory in the package tree, leaving you with a
whole bunch of dangling links.  Note that you can enable the old
approach with the `-p' option.  Alternatively, you can use the
`--badlinks' option get stow to search for dangling links in your
target tree and remove the offenders manually.


File: stow.info,  Node: Conflicts,  Next: Mixing Operations,  Prev: Deleting Packages,  Up: Top

7 Conflicts
***********

If, during installation, a file or symlink exists in the target tree and
has the same name as something Stow needs to create, and if the
existing name is not a folded tree that can be split open, then a
"conflict" has arisen.  A conflict also occurs if a directory exists
where Stow needs to place a symlink to a non-directory.  On the other
hand, if the existing name is merely a symlink that already points
where Stow needs it to, then no conflict has occurred.  (Thus it is
harmless to install a package that has already been installed.)

   For complex packages, scanning the stow and target trees in tandem,
and deciding whether to make directories or links, split-open or fold
directories, can actually take a long time (a number of seconds).
Moreover, an accurate analysis of potential conflicts requires us to
take into account all of these operations.

7.1 Deferred Operation
======================

Since version 2.0, Stow now adopts a two-phase algorithm, first
scanning for any potential conflicts before any stowing or unstowing
operations are performed.  If any conflicts are found, they are
displayed and then Stow terminates without making any modifications to
the filesystem.  This means that there is much less risk of a package
being partially stowed or unstowed due to conflicts.

   Prior to version 2.0, if a conflict was discovered, the stow or
unstow operation could be aborted mid-flow, leaving the target tree in
an inconsistent state.


File: stow.info,  Node: Mixing Operations,  Next: Multiple Stow Directories,  Prev: Conflicts,  Up: Top

8 Mixing Operations
*******************

Since version 2.0, multiple distinct actions can be specified in a
single invocation of GNU Stow.  For example, to update an installation
of Emacs from version 21.3 to 21.4a you can now do the following:

     stow -D emacs-21.3 -S emacs-21.4a

which will replace emacs-21.3 with emacs-21.4a using a single
invocation.

   This is much faster and cleaner than performing two separate
invocations of stow, because redundant folding/unfolding operations can
be factored out.  In addition, all the operations are calculated and
merged before being executed (*note Deferred Operation::), so the
amount of of time in which GNU Emacs is unavailable is minimised.

   You can mix and match any number of actions, for example,

     stow -S pkg1 pkg2 -D pkg3 pkg4 -S pkg5 -R pkg6

will unstow pkg3, pkg4 and pkg6, then stow pkg1, pkg2, pkg5 and pkg6.


File: stow.info,  Node: Multiple Stow Directories,  Next: Target Maintenance,  Prev: Mixing Operations,  Up: Top

9 Multiple Stow Directories
***************************

If there are two or more system administrators who wish to maintain
software separately, or if there is any other reason to want two or more
stow directories, it can be done by creating a file named `.stow' in
each stow directory.  The presence of `/usr/local/foo/.stow' informs
Stow that, though `foo' is not the current stow directory, even if it
is a subdirectory of the target directory, nevertheless it is _a_ stow
directory and as such Stow doesn't "own" anything in it (*note
Installing Packages::).  This will protect the contents of `foo' from a
`stow -D', for instance.

   When multiple stow directories share a target tree, if a tree-folding
symlink is encountered and needs to be split open during an
installation, as long as the top-level stow directory into which the
existing symlink points contains `.stow', Stow knows how to split open
the tree in the correct manner.


File: stow.info,  Node: Target Maintenance,  Next: Resource Files,  Prev: Multiple Stow Directories,  Up: Top

10 Target Maintenance
*********************

From time to time you will need to clean up your target tree.  Since
version 2, Stow provides a new utility `chkstow' to help with this.  It
includes three operational modes which performs checks that would
generally be too expensive to be performed during normal stow execution.

   The syntax of the `chkstow' command is:

     chkstow [OPTIONS]

The following options are supported:

`-t DIR'
`--target=DIR'
     Set the target directory to DIR instead of the parent of the stow
     directory.  Defaults to the parent of the stow directory, so it is
     typical to execute `stow' from the directory `/usr/local/stow'.

`-b'
`--badlinks'
     Checks target directory for bogus symbolic links. That is, links
     that point to non-existent files.

`-a'
`--aliens'
     Checks for files in the target directory that are not symbolic
     links. The target directory should be managed by stow alone,
     except for directories that contain a `.stow' file.

`-l'
`--list'
     Will display the target package for every symbolic link in the
     stow target directory.



File: stow.info,  Node: Resource Files,  Next: Compile-time vs Install-time,  Prev: Target Maintenance,  Up: Top

11 Resource Files
*****************

Default command line options may be set in `.stowrc' (current
directory) or `~/.stowrc' (home directory). These are parsed in that
order, and effectively prepended to you command line.  This feature can
be used for some interesting effects.

   For example, suppose your site uses more than one stow directory,
perhaps in order to share around responsibilities with a number of
systems administrators. One of the administrators might have the
following in there `~/.stowrc' file:

     --dir=/usr/local/stow2
     --target=/usr/local
     --ignore='~'
     --ignore='^CVS'

   so that the `stow' command will default to operating on the
`/usr/local/stow2' directory, with `/usr/local' as the target, and
ignoring vi backup files and CVS directories.

   If you had a stow directory `/usr/local/stow/perl-extras' that was
only used for Perl modules, then you might place the following in
`/usr/local/stow/perl-extras/.stowrc':

     --dir=/usr/local/stow/perl-extras
     --target=/usr/local
     --override=bin
     --override=man
     --ignore='perllocal\.pod'
     --ignore='\.packlist'
     --ignore='\.bs'

   so that the when your are in the `/usr/local/stow/perl-extras'
directory, `stow' will regard any subdirectories as stow packages, with
`/usr/local' as the target (rather than the immediate parent directory
`/usr/local/stow'), overriding any pre-existing links to bin files or
man pages, and ignoring some cruft that gets installed by default.


File: stow.info,  Node: Compile-time vs Install-time,  Next: Bootstrapping,  Prev: Resource Files,  Up: Top

12 Compile-time vs Install-time
*******************************

Software whose installation is managed with Stow needs to be installed
in one place (the package directory, e.g. `/usr/local/stow/perl') but
needs to appear to run in another place (the target tree, e.g.,
`/usr/local').  Why is this important?  What's wrong with Perl, for
instance, looking for its files in `/usr/local/stow/perl' instead of in
`/usr/local'?

   The answer is that there may be another package, e.g.,
`/usr/local/stow/perl-extras', stowed under `/usr/local'.  If Perl is
configured to find its files in `/usr/local/stow/perl', it will never
find the extra files in the `perl-extras' package, even though they're
intended to be found by Perl.  On the other hand, if Perl looks for its
files in `/usr/local', then it will find the intermingled Perl and
`perl-extras' files.

   This means that when you compile a package, you must tell it the
location of the run-time, or target tree; but when you install it, you
must place it in the stow tree.

12.1 Advice on changing compilation and installation parameters
===============================================================

Some software packages allow you to specify, at compile-time, separate
locations for installation and for run-time.  Perl is one such package;
see *note Perl and Perl 5 Modules::.  Others allow you to compile the
package, then give a different destination in the `make install' step
without causing the binaries or other files to get rebuilt.  Most GNU
software falls into this category; Emacs is a notable exception.  *Note
GNU Emacs::, and *note Other FSF Software::.

   Still other software packages cannot abide the idea of separate
installation and run-time locations at all.  If you try to `make
install prefix=/usr/local/stow/FOO', then first the whole package will
be recompiled to hardwire the `/usr/local/stow/FOO' path.  With these
packages, it is best to compile normally, then run `make -n install',
which should report all the steps needed to install the just-built
software.  Place this output into a file, edit the commands in the file
to remove recompilation steps and to reflect the Stow-based
installation location, and execute the edited file as a shell script in
place of `make install'.  Be sure to execute the script using the same
shell that `make install' would have used.

   (If you use GNU Make and a shell [such as GNU bash] that understands
`pushd' and `popd', you can do the following:

  1. Replace all lines matching `make[N]: Entering directory DIR' with
     `pushd DIR'.

  2. Replace all lines matching `make[N]: Leaving directory DIR' with
     `popd'.

  3. Delete all lines matching `make[N]: Nothing to be done for RULE'.

   Then find other lines in the output containing `cd' or `make'
commands and rewrite or delete them.  In particular, you should be able
to delete sections of the script that resemble this:

     for i in DIR_1 DIR_2 ...; do \
       (cd $i; make ARGS ...) \
     done

Note, that's "should be able to," not "can."  Be sure to modulate these
guidelines with plenty of your own intelligence.

   The details of stowing some specific packages are described in the
following sections.

* Menu:

* GNU Emacs::
* Other FSF Software::
* Cygnus Software::
* Perl and Perl 5 Modules::


File: stow.info,  Node: GNU Emacs,  Next: Other FSF Software,  Prev: Compile-time vs Install-time,  Up: Compile-time vs Install-time

12.2 GNU Emacs
==============

Although the Free Software Foundation has many enlightened practices
regarding Makefiles and software installation (see *note Other FSF
Software::), Emacs, its flagship program, doesn't quite follow the
rules.  In particular, most GNU software allows you to write:

     make
     make install prefix=/usr/local/stow/PACKAGE

If you try this with Emacs, then the new value for PREFIX in the `make
install' step will cause some files to get recompiled with the new
value of PREFIX wired into them.  In Emacs 19.23 and later,(1) the way
to work around this problem is:

     make
     make install-arch-dep install-arch-indep prefix=/usr/local/stow/emacs

   In 19.22 and some prior versions of Emacs, the workaround was:

     make
     make do-install prefix=/usr/local/stow/emacs

   ---------- Footnotes ----------

   (1) As I write this, the current version of Emacs is 19.31.


File: stow.info,  Node: Other FSF Software,  Next: Cygnus Software,  Prev: GNU Emacs,  Up: Compile-time vs Install-time

12.3 Other FSF Software
=======================

The Free Software Foundation, the organization behind the GNU project,
has been unifying the build procedure for its tools for some time.
Thanks to its tools `autoconf' and `automake', most packages now
respond well to these simple steps, with no other intervention
necessary:

     ./configure OPTIONS
     make
     make install prefix=/usr/local/stow/PACKAGE

   Hopefully, these tools can evolve to be aware of Stow-managed
packages, such that providing an option to `configure' can allow `make'
and `make install' steps to work correctly without needing to "fool"
the build process.


File: stow.info,  Node: Cygnus Software,  Next: Perl and Perl 5 Modules,  Prev: Other FSF Software,  Up: Compile-time vs Install-time

12.4 Cygnus Software
====================

Cygnus is a commercial supplier and supporter of GNU software.  It has
also written several of its own packages, released under the terms of
the GNU General Public License; and it has taken over the maintenance of
other packages.  Among the packages released by Cygnus are `gdb',
`gnats', and `dejagnu'.

   Cygnus packages have the peculiarity that each one unpacks into a
directory tree with a generic top-level Makefile, which is set up to
compile _all_ of Cygnus' packages, any number of which may reside under
the top-level directory.  In other words, even if you're only building
`gnats', the top-level Makefile will look for, and try to build, `gdb'
and `dejagnu' subdirectories, among many others.

   The result is that if you try `make -n install
prefix=/usr/local/stow/PACKAGE' at the top level of a Cygnus package,
you'll get a bewildering amount of output.  It will then be very
difficult to visually scan the output to see whether the install will
proceed correctly.  Unfortunately, it's not always clear how to invoke
an install from the subdirectory of interest.

   In cases like this, the best approach is to run your `make install
prefix=...', but be ready to interrupt it if you detect that it is
recompiling files.  Usually it will work just fine; otherwise, install
manually.


File: stow.info,  Node: Perl and Perl 5 Modules,  Prev: Cygnus Software,  Up: Compile-time vs Install-time

12.5 Perl and Perl 5 Modules
============================

Perl 4.036 allows you to specify different locations for installation
and for run-time.  It is the only widely-used package in this author's
experience that allows this, though hopefully more packages will adopt
this model.

   Unfortunately, the authors of Perl believed that only AFS sites need
this ability.  The configuration instructions for Perl 4 misleadingly
state that some occult means are used under AFS to transport files from
their installation tree to their run-time tree.  In fact, that confusion
arises from the fact that Depot, Stow's predecessor, originated at
Carnegie Mellon University, which was also the birthplace of AFS.  CMU's
need to separate install-time and run-time trees stemmed from its use of
Depot, not from AFS.

   The result of this confusion is that Perl 5's configuration script
doesn't even offer the option of separating install-time and run-time
trees _unless_ you're running AFS.  Fortunately, after you've entered
all the configuration settings, Perl's setup script gives you the
opportunity to edit those settings in a file called `config.sh'.  When
prompted, you should edit this file and replace occurrences of

     inst.../usr/local...

with

     inst.../usr/local/stow/perl...

You can do this with the following Unix command:

     sed 's,^\(inst.*/usr/local\),\1/stow/perl,' config.sh > config.sh.new
     mv config.sh.new config.sh

   Hopefully, the Perl authors will correct this deficiency in Perl 5's
configuration mechanism.

   Perl 5 modules--i.e., extensions to Perl 5--generally conform to a
set of standards for building and installing them.  The standard says
that the package comes with a top-level `Makefile.PL', which is a Perl
script.  When it runs, it generates a `Makefile'.

   If you followed the instructions above for editing `config.sh' when
Perl was built, then when you create a `Makefile' from a `Makefile.PL',
it will contain separate locations for run-time (`/usr/local') and
install-time (`/usr/local/stow/perl').  Thus you can do

     perl Makefile.PL
     make
     make install

and the files will be installed into `/usr/local/stow/perl'.  However,
you might prefer each Perl module to be stowed separately.  In that
case, you must edit the resulting Makefile, replacing
`/usr/local/stow/perl' with `/usr/local/stow/MODULE'.  The best way to
do this is:

     perl Makefile.PL
     find . -name Makefile -print | \
       xargs perl -pi~ -e 's,^(INST.*/stow)/perl,$1/MODULE,;'
     make
     make install

(The use of `find' and `xargs' ensures that all Makefiles in the
module's source tree, even those in subdirectories, get edited.)  A
good convention to follow is to name the stow directory for a Perl
MODULE `cpan.MODULE', where `cpan' stands for Comprehensive Perl
Archive Network, a collection of FTP sites that is the source of most
Perl 5 extensions.  This way, it's easy to tell at a glance which of
the subdirectories of `/usr/local/stow' are Perl 5 extensions.

   When you stow separate Perl 5 modules separately, you are likely to
encounter conflicts (*note Conflicts::) with files named `.exists' and
`perllocal.pod'.  One way to work around this is to remove those files
before stowing the module.  If you use the `cpan.MODULE' naming
convention, you can simply do this:

     cd /usr/local/stow
     find cpan.* \( -name .exists -o -name perllocal.pod \) -print | \
       xargs rm


File: stow.info,  Node: Bootstrapping,  Next: Reporting Bugs,  Prev: Compile-time vs Install-time,  Up: Top

13 Bootstrapping
****************

Suppose you have a stow directory all set up and ready to go:
`/usr/local/stow/perl' contains the Perl installation,
`/usr/local/stow/stow' contains Stow itself, and perhaps you have other
packages waiting to be stowed.  You'd like to be able to do this:

     cd /usr/local/stow
     stow -vv *

but `stow' is not yet in your `PATH'.  Nor can you do this:

     cd /usr/local/stow
     stow/bin/stow -vv *

because the `#!' line at the beginning of `stow' tries to locate Perl
(usually in `/usr/local/bin/perl'), and that won't be found.  The
solution you must use is:

     cd /usr/local/stow
     perl/bin/perl stow/bin/stow -vv *


File: stow.info,  Node: Reporting Bugs,  Next: Known Bugs,  Prev: Bootstrapping,  Up: Top

14 Reporting Bugs
*****************

Please send bug reports to the current maintainers by electronic mail.
The address to use is `'.  Please include:

   * the version number of Stow (`stow --version');

   * the version number of Perl (`perl -v');

   * the system information, which can often be obtained with `uname
     -a';

   * a description of the bug;

   * the precise command you gave;

   * the output from the command (preferably verbose output, obtained by
     adding `--verbose=3' to the Stow command line).

   If you are really keen, consider developing a minimal test case and
creating a new test.  See the `t/' directory in the source for lots of
examples.

   Before reporting a bug, please read the manual carefully, especially
*note Known Bugs::, to see whether you're encountering something that
doesn't need reporting.  (*note Conflicts::).


File: stow.info,  Node: Known Bugs,  Next: GNU General Public License,  Prev: Reporting Bugs,  Up: Top

15 Known Bugs
*************

There are no known bugs in Stow version 2.2.0!  If you think you have
found one, please *note Reporting Bugs::.


File: stow.info,  Node: GNU General Public License,  Next: Index,  Prev: Known Bugs,  Up: Top

GNU General Public License
**************************

                         Version 2, June 1991

     Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
     675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

     Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
     of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

Preamble
========

The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom
to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public License is
intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.  This
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
using it.  (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
the GNU Library General Public License instead.)  You can apply it to
your programs, too.

   When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in
new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.

   To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.

   For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
you have.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
source code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their
rights.

   We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software,
and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
distribute and/or modify the software.

   Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
software.  If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
authors' reputations.

   Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
patents.  We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
program proprietary.  To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.

   The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
modification follow.

    TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
  0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a
     notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
     under the terms of this General Public License.  The "Program",
     below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on
     the Program" means either the Program or any derivative work under
     copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a
     portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or
     translated into another language.  (Hereinafter, translation is
     included without limitation in the term "modification".)  Each
     licensee is addressed as "you".

     Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are
     not covered by this License; they are outside its scope.  The act
     of running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the
     Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on
     the Program (independent of having been made by running the
     Program).  Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.

  1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
     source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
     conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
     copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
     notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any
     warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of
     this License along with the Program.

     You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy,
     and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange
     for a fee.

  2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
     of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
     distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
     above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:

       a. You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
          stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.

       b. You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that
          in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program
          or any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge
          to all third parties under the terms of this License.

       c. If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
          when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
          interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display
          an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and
          a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you
          provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the
          program under these conditions, and telling the user how to
          view a copy of this License.  (Exception: if the Program
          itself is interactive but does not normally print such an
          announcement, your work based on the Program is not required
          to print an announcement.)

     These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.  If
     identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the
     Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate
     works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not
     apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate
     works.  But when you distribute the same sections as part of a
     whole which is a work based on the Program, the distribution of
     the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose permissions
     for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each
     and every part regardless of who wrote it.

     Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or
     contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the
     intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of
     derivative or collective works based on the Program.

     In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the
     Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on
     a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the
     other work under the scope of this License.

  3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
     under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms
     of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the
     following:

       a. Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
          source code, which must be distributed under the terms of
          Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for
          software interchange; or,

       b. Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
          years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
          cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
          machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
          distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a
          medium customarily used for software interchange; or,

       c. Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
          to distribute corresponding source code.  (This alternative is
          allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
          received the program in object code or executable form with
          such an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)

     The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
     making modifications to it.  For an executable work, complete
     source code means all the source code for all modules it contains,
     plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts
     used to control compilation and installation of the executable.
     However, as a special exception, the source code distributed need
     not include anything that is normally distributed (in either
     source or binary form) with the major components (compiler,
     kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which the executable
     runs, unless that component itself accompanies the executable.

     If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
     access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
     access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
     distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
     compelled to copy the source along with the object code.

  4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
     except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
     otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
     void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this
     License.  However, parties who have received copies, or rights,
     from you under this License will not have their licenses
     terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.

  5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
     signed it.  However, nothing else grants you permission to modify
     or distribute the Program or its derivative works.  These actions
     are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.
     Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any work
     based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this
     License to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying,
     distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it.

  6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
     Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
     original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program
     subject to these terms and conditions.  You may not impose any
     further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights
     granted herein.  You are not responsible for enforcing compliance
     by third parties to this License.

  7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
     infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent
     issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order,
     agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this
     License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this
     License.  If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously
     your obligations under this License and any other pertinent
     obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the
     Program at all.  For example, if a patent license would not permit
     royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who
     receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only
     way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain
     entirely from distribution of the Program.

     If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable
     under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is
     intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply
     in other circumstances.

     It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
     patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of
     any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting
     the integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
     implemented by public license practices.  Many people have made
     generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
     through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
     system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is
     willing to distribute software through any other system and a
     licensee cannot impose that choice.

     This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed
     to be a consequence of the rest of this License.

  8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
     certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces,
     the original copyright holder who places the Program under this
     License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation
     excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only
     in or among countries not thus excluded.  In such case, this
     License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of
     this License.

  9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new
     versions of the General Public License from time to time.  Such
     new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but
     may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.

     Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the
     Program specifies a version number of this License which applies
     to it and "any later version", you have the option of following
     the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later
     version published by the Free Software Foundation.  If the Program
     does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose
     any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.

 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
     programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the
     author to ask for permission.  For software which is copyrighted
     by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software
     Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this.  Our decision
     will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of
     all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing
     and reuse of software generally.

                                NO WARRANTY
 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO
     WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE
     LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
     HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT
     WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT
     NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
     FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE
     QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE
     PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY
     SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.

 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN
     WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY
     MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE
     LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL,
     INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR
     INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
     DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU
     OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY
     OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN
     ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

                      END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
=============================================

If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
terms.

   To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.

     ONE LINE TO GIVE THE PROGRAM'S NAME AND AN IDEA OF WHAT IT DOES.
     Copyright (C) 19YY  NAME OF AUTHOR

     This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
     modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
     as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
     of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
     GNU General Public License for more details.

     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
     along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
     Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

   Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper
mail.

   If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like
this when it starts in an interactive mode:

     Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19YY NAME OF AUTHOR
     Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
     type `show w'.  This is free software, and you are welcome
     to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c'
     for details.

   The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the
appropriate parts of the General Public License.  Of course, the
commands you use may be called something other than `show w' and `show
c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your
program.

   You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or
your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program,
if necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:

     Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright
     interest in the program `Gnomovision'
     (which makes passes at compilers) written
     by James Hacker.

     SIGNATURE OF TY COON, 1 April 1989
     Ty Coon, President of Vice

   This General Public License does not permit incorporating your
program into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine
library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary
applications with the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the
GNU Library General Public License instead of this License.


File: stow.info,  Node: Index,  Prev: GNU General Public License,  Up: Top

Index
*****

[index]
* Menu:

* absolute symlink:                      Terminology.         (line  43)
* adopting existing files:               Invoking Stow.       (line  97)
* conflicts:                             Installing Packages. (line  85)
* deletion:                              Deleting Packages.   (line   6)
* directory folding:                     Installing Packages. (line  16)
* dry run:                               Invoking Stow.       (line 120)
* folding trees:                         Installing Packages. (line  16)
* ignore lists <1>:                      Motivation For Ignore Lists.
                                                              (line  26)
* ignore lists:                          Ignore Lists.        (line   6)
* ignoring files and directories:        Ignore Lists.        (line   6)
* installation:                          Installing Packages. (line   6)
* installation conflicts:                Installing Packages. (line  85)
* installation image:                    Terminology.         (line  23)
* ownership:                             Installing Packages. (line  72)
* package:                               Terminology.         (line   6)
* package directory:                     Terminology.         (line  30)
* package name:                          Terminology.         (line  30)
* refolding trees:                       Deleting Packages.   (line  25)
* relative symlink:                      Terminology.         (line  43)
* simulated run:                         Invoking Stow.       (line 120)
* splitting open folded trees:           Installing Packages. (line  51)
* stow directory:                        Terminology.         (line  16)
* symlink:                               Terminology.         (line  43)
* target directory:                      Terminology.         (line  11)
* tree folding:                          Installing Packages. (line  16)
* tree refolding:                        Deleting Packages.   (line  25)
* tree unfolding:                        Installing Packages. (line  51)
* tree unsplitting:                      Installing Packages. (line  51)
* unfolding trees:                       Installing Packages. (line  51)
* verbosity levels:                      Invoking Stow.       (line 126)



Tag Table:
Node: Top1446
Node: Introduction2969
Ref: Introduction-Footnote-15132
Node: Terminology5174
Node: Invoking Stow7537
Node: Ignore Lists14340
Node: Motivation For Ignore Lists14604
Node: Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists16099
Ref: Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists-Footnote-119213
Ref: Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists-Footnote-219379
Ref: Types And Syntax Of Ignore Lists-Footnote-319595
Node: Justification For Yet Another Set Of Ignore Files19740
Node: Installing Packages21338
Ref: tree folding21900
Ref: Tree unfolding23778
Node: Deleting Packages25846
Ref: tree refolding26878
Ref: Deleting Packages-Footnote-127423
Node: Conflicts28011
Ref: Deferred Operation28997
Node: Mixing Operations29598
Node: Multiple Stow Directories30590
Node: Target Maintenance31650
Node: Resource Files32880
Node: Compile-time vs Install-time34491
Node: GNU Emacs37901
Ref: GNU Emacs-Footnote-138886
Node: Other FSF Software38950
Node: Cygnus Software39711
Node: Perl and Perl 5 Modules41190
Node: Bootstrapping44745
Node: Reporting Bugs45526
Node: Known Bugs46505
Node: GNU General Public License46753
Node: Index65893

End Tag Table
stow-2.2.0/lib/0000755000076400007640000000000011720005524010262 500000000000000stow-2.2.0/lib/Stow/0000755000076400007640000000000011720005524011216 500000000000000stow-2.2.0/lib/Stow/Util.pm0000664000076400007640000001075711702656047012441 00000000000000package Stow::Util;

=head1 NAME

Stow::Util - general utilities

=head1 SYNOPSIS

    use Stow::Util qw(debug set_debug_level error ...);

=head1 DESCRIPTION

Supporting utility routines for L.

=cut

use strict;
use warnings;

use POSIX qw(getcwd);

use base qw(Exporter);
our @EXPORT_OK = qw(
    error debug set_debug_level set_test_mode
    join_paths parent canon_path restore_cwd
);

our $ProgramName = 'stow';

#############################################################################
#
# General Utilities: nothing stow specific here.
#
#############################################################################

=head1 IMPORTABLE SUBROUTINES

=head2 error($format, @args)

Outputs an error message in a consistent form and then dies.

=cut

sub error {
    my ($format, @args) = @_;
    die "$ProgramName: ERROR: " . sprintf($format, @args) . " ($!)\n";
}

=head2 set_debug_level($level)

Sets verbosity level for C.

=cut

our $debug_level = 0;

sub set_debug_level {
    my ($level) = @_;
    $debug_level = $level;
}

=head2 set_test_mode($on_or_off)

Sets testmode on or off.

=cut

our $test_mode = 0;

sub set_test_mode {
    my ($on_or_off) = @_;
    if ($on_or_off) {
        $test_mode = 1;
    }
    else {
        $test_mode = 0;
    }
}

=head2 debug($level, $msg)

Logs to STDERR based on C<$debug_level> setting.  C<$level> is the
minimum verbosity level required to output C<$msg>.  All output is to
STDERR to preserve backward compatibility, except for in test mode,
when STDOUT is used instead.  In test mode, the verbosity can be
overridden via the C environment variable.

Verbosity rules:

=over 4

=item    0: errors only

=item >= 1: print operations: LINK/UNLINK/MKDIR/RMDIR/MV

=item >= 2: print operation exceptions

e.g. "_this_ already points to _that_", skipping, deferring,
overriding, fixing invalid links

=item >= 3: print trace detail: trace: stow/unstow/package/contents/node

=item >= 4: debug helper routines

=item >= 5: debug ignore lists

=back

=cut

sub debug {
    my ($level, $msg) = @_;
    if ($debug_level >= $level) {
        if ($test_mode) {
            print "# $msg\n";
        }
        else {
            warn "$msg\n";
        }
    }
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : join_paths()
# Purpose   : concatenates given paths
# Parameters: path1, path2, ... => paths
# Returns   : concatenation of given paths
# Throws    : n/a
# Comments  : factors out redundant path elements:
#           : '//' => '/' and 'a/b/../c' => 'a/c'
#============================================================================
sub join_paths {
    my @paths = @_;

    # weed out empty components and concatenate
    my $result = join '/', grep {! /\A\z/} @paths;

    # factor out back references and remove redundant /'s)
    my @result = ();
    PART:
    for my $part (split m{/+}, $result) {
        next PART if $part eq '.';
        if (@result && $part eq '..' && $result[-1] ne '..') {
            pop @result;
        }
        else {
            push @result, $part;
        }
    }

    return join '/', @result;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : parent
# Purpose   : find the parent of the given path
# Parameters: @path => components of the path
# Returns   : returns a path string
# Throws    : n/a
# Comments  : allows you to send multiple chunks of the path
#           : (this feature is currently not used)
#============================================================================
sub parent {
    my @path = @_;
    my $path = join '/', @_;
    my @elts = split m{/+}, $path;
    pop @elts;
    return join '/', @elts; 
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : canon_path
# Purpose   : find absolute canonical path of given path
# Parameters: $path
# Returns   : absolute canonical path
# Throws    : n/a
# Comments  : is this significantly different from File::Spec->rel2abs?
#============================================================================
sub canon_path {
    my ($path) = @_;

    my $cwd = getcwd();
    chdir($path) or error("canon_path: cannot chdir to $path from $cwd");
    my $canon_path = getcwd();
    restore_cwd($cwd);

    return $canon_path;
}

sub restore_cwd {
    my ($prev) = @_;
    chdir($prev) or error("Your current directory $prev seems to have vanished");
}

=head1 BUGS

=head1 SEE ALSO

=cut

1;

# Local variables:
# mode: perl
# cperl-indent-level: 4
# end:
# vim: ft=perl
stow-2.2.0/lib/Stow.pm.in0000755000076400007640000020355511720005436012120 00000000000000#!/usr/bin/perl

package Stow;

=head1 NAME

Stow - manage the installation of multiple software packages

=head1 SYNOPSIS

    my $stow = new Stow(%$options);

    $stow->plan_unstow(@pkgs_to_unstow);
    $stow->plan_stow  (@pkgs_to_stow);

    my %conflicts = $stow->get_conflicts;
    $stow->process_tasks() unless %conflicts;

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This is the backend Perl module for GNU Stow, a program for managing
the installation of software packages, keeping them separate
(C vs. C, for example)
while making them appear to be installed in the same place
(C).

Stow doesn't store an extra state between runs, so there's no danger
of mangling directories when file hierarchies don't match the
database. Also, stow will never delete any files, directories, or
links that appear in a stow directory, so it is always possible to
rebuild the target tree.

=cut

use strict;
use warnings;

use Carp qw(carp cluck croak confess longmess);
use File::Copy qw(move);
use File::Spec;
use POSIX qw(getcwd);

use Stow::Util qw(set_debug_level debug error set_test_mode
                  join_paths restore_cwd canon_path parent);

our $ProgramName = 'stow';
our $VERSION = '@VERSION@';

our $LOCAL_IGNORE_FILE  = '.stow-local-ignore';
our $GLOBAL_IGNORE_FILE = '.stow-global-ignore';

our @default_global_ignore_regexps =
    __PACKAGE__->get_default_global_ignore_regexps();

# These are the default options for each Stow instance.
our %DEFAULT_OPTIONS = (
    conflicts    => 0,
    simulate     => 0,
    verbose      => 0,
    paranoid     => 0,
    compat       => 0,
    test_mode    => 0,
    adopt        => 0,
    'no-folding' => 0,
    ignore       => [],
    override     => [],
    defer        => [],
);

=head1 CONSTRUCTORS

=head2 new(%options)

=head3 Required options

=over 4

=item * dir - the stow directory

=item * target - the target directory

=back

=head3 Non-mandatory options

See the documentation for the F CLI front-end for information on these.

=over 4

=item * conflicts

=item * simulate

=item * verbose

=item * paranoid

=item * compat

=item * test_mode

=item * adopt

=item * no-folding

=item * ignore

=item * override

=item * defer

=back

N.B. This sets the current working directory to the target directory.

=cut

sub new {
    my $self = shift;
    my $class = ref($self) || $self;
    my %opts = @_;

    my $new = bless { }, $class;

    $new->{action_count} = 0;

    for my $required_arg (qw(dir target)) {
        croak "$class->new() called without '$required_arg' parameter\n"
            unless exists $opts{$required_arg};
        $new->{$required_arg} = delete $opts{$required_arg};
    }

    for my $opt (keys %DEFAULT_OPTIONS) {
        $new->{$opt} = exists $opts{$opt} ? delete $opts{$opt}
                                          : $DEFAULT_OPTIONS{$opt};
    }

    if (%opts) {
        croak "$class->new() called with unrecognised parameter(s): ",
            join(", ", keys %opts), "\n";
    }

    set_debug_level($new->get_verbosity());
    set_test_mode($new->{test_mode});
    $new->set_stow_dir();
    $new->init_state();

    return $new;
}

sub get_verbosity {
    my $self = shift;

    return $self->{verbose} unless $self->{test_mode};

    return 0 unless exists $ENV{TEST_VERBOSE};
    return 0 unless length $ENV{TEST_VERBOSE};

    # Convert TEST_VERBOSE=y into numeric value
    $ENV{TEST_VERBOSE} = 3 if $ENV{TEST_VERBOSE} !~ /^\d+$/;

    return $ENV{TEST_VERBOSE};
}

=head2 set_stow_dir([$dir])

Sets a new stow directory.  This allows the use of multiple stow
directories within one Stow instance, e.g.

    $stow->plan_stow('foo');
    $stow->set_stow_dir('/different/stow/dir');
    $stow->plan_stow('bar');
    $stow->process_tasks;

If C<$dir> is omitted, uses the value of the C parameter passed
to the L constructor.

=cut

sub set_stow_dir {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($dir) = @_;
    if (defined $dir) {
        $self->{dir} = $dir;
    }

    my $stow_dir = canon_path($self->{dir});

    $self->{stow_path} = File::Spec->abs2rel($stow_dir, $self->{target});

    debug(2, "stow dir is $stow_dir");
    debug(2, "stow dir path relative to target $self->{target} is $self->{stow_path}");
}

sub init_state {
    my $self = shift;

    # Store conflicts during pre-processing
    $self->{conflicts}      = {};
    $self->{conflict_count} = 0;

    # Store command line packages to stow (-S and -R)
    $self->{pkgs_to_stow}   = [];

    # Store command line packages to unstow (-D and -R)
    $self->{pkgs_to_delete} = [];

    # The following structures are used by the abstractions that allow us to
    # defer operating on the filesystem until after all potential conflicts have
    # been assessed.

    # $self->{tasks}:  list of operations to be performed (in order)
    # each element is a hash ref of the form
    #   {
    #       action => ...  ('create' or 'remove' or 'move')
    #       type   => ...  ('link' or 'dir' or 'file')
    #       path   => ...  (unique)
    #       source => ...  (only for links)
    #       dest   => ...  (only for moving files)
    #   }
    $self->{tasks} = [];

    # $self->{dir_task_for}: map a path to the corresponding directory task reference
    # This structure allows us to quickly determine if a path has an existing
    # directory task associated with it.
    $self->{dir_task_for} = {};

    # $self->{link_task_for}: map a path to the corresponding directory task reference
    # This structure allows us to quickly determine if a path has an existing
    # directory task associated with it.
    $self->{link_task_for} = {};

    # N.B.: directory tasks and link tasks are NOT mutually exclusive due
    # to tree splitting (which involves a remove link task followed by
    # a create directory task).
}

=head1 METHODS

=head2 plan_unstow(@packages)

Plan which symlink/directory creation/removal tasks need to be executed
in order to unstow the given packages.  Any potential conflicts are then
accessible via L.

=cut

sub plan_unstow {
    my $self = shift;
    my @packages = @_;

    $self->within_target_do(sub {
        for my $package (@packages) {
            my $path = join_paths($self->{stow_path}, $package);
            if (not -d $path) {
                error("The stow directory $self->{stow_path} does not contain package $package");
            }
            debug(2, "Planning unstow of package $package...");
            if ($self->{compat}) {
                $self->unstow_contents_orig(
                    $self->{stow_path},
                    $package,
                    '.',
                );
            }
            else {
                $self->unstow_contents(
                    $self->{stow_path},
                    $package,
                    '.',
                );
            }
            debug(2, "Planning unstow of package $package... done");
            $self->{action_count}++;
        }
    });
}

=head2 plan_stow(@packages)

Plan which symlink/directory creation/removal tasks need to be executed
in order to stow the given packages.  Any potential conflicts are then
accessible via L.

=cut

sub plan_stow {
    my $self = shift;
    my @packages = @_;

    $self->within_target_do(sub {
        for my $package (@packages) {
            my $path = join_paths($self->{stow_path}, $package);
            if (not -d $path) {
                error("The stow directory $self->{stow_path} does not contain package $package");
            }
            debug(2, "Planning stow of package $package...");
            $self->stow_contents(
                $self->{stow_path},
                $package,
                '.',
                $path, # source from target
            );
            debug(2, "Planning stow of package $package... done");
            $self->{action_count}++;
        }
    });
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : within_target_do()
# Purpose   : execute code within target directory, preserving cwd
# Parameters: $code => anonymous subroutine to execute within target dir
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : n/a
# Comments  : This is done to ensure that the consumer of the Stow interface
#           : doesn't have to worry about (a) what their cwd is, and
#           : (b) that their cwd might change.
#============================================================================
sub within_target_do {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($code) = @_;

    my $cwd = getcwd();
    chdir($self->{target})
        or error("Cannot chdir to target tree: $self->{target}");
    debug(3, "cwd now $self->{target}");

    $self->$code();

    restore_cwd($cwd);
    debug(3, "cwd restored to $cwd");
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : stow_contents()
# Purpose   : stow the contents of the given directory
# Parameters: $stow_path => relative path from current (i.e. target) directory
#           :               to the stow dir containing the package to be stowed
#           : $package => the package whose contents are being stowed
#           : $target => subpath relative to package and target directories
#           : $source => relative path from the (sub)dir of target
#           :            to symlink source
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : a fatal error if directory cannot be read
# Comments  : stow_node() and stow_contents() are mutually recursive.
#           : $source and $target are used for creating the symlink
#           : $path is used for folding/unfolding trees as necessary
#============================================================================
sub stow_contents {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($stow_path, $package, $target, $source) = @_;

    my $path = join_paths($stow_path, $package, $target);

    return if $self->should_skip_target_which_is_stow_dir($target);

    my $cwd = getcwd();
    my $msg = "Stowing contents of $path (cwd=$cwd)";
    $msg =~ s!$ENV{HOME}(/|$)!~$1!g;
    debug(3, $msg);
    debug(4, "  => $source");

    error("stow_contents() called with non-directory path: $path")
        unless -d $path;
    error("stow_contents() called with non-directory target: $target")
        unless $self->is_a_node($target);

    opendir my $DIR, $path
        or error("cannot read directory: $path");
    my @listing = readdir $DIR;
    closedir $DIR;

    NODE:
    for my $node (@listing) {
        next NODE if $node eq '.';
        next NODE if $node eq '..';
        my $node_target = join_paths($target, $node);
        next NODE if $self->ignore($stow_path, $package, $node_target);
        $self->stow_node(
            $stow_path,
            $package,
            $node_target,                 # target
            join_paths($source, $node),   # source
        );
    }
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : stow_node()
# Purpose   : stow the given node
# Parameters: $stow_path => relative path from current (i.e. target) directory
#           :               to the stow dir containing the node to be stowed
#           : $package => the package containing the node being stowed
#           : $target => subpath relative to package and target directories
#           : $source => relative path to symlink source from the dir of target
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal exception if a conflict arises
# Comments  : stow_node() and stow_contents() are mutually recursive
#           : $source and $target are used for creating the symlink
#           : $path is used for folding/unfolding trees as necessary
#============================================================================
sub stow_node {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($stow_path, $package, $target, $source) = @_;

    my $path = join_paths($stow_path, $package, $target);

    debug(3, "Stowing $path");
    debug(4, "  => $source");

    # Don't try to stow absolute symlinks (they can't be unstowed)
    if (-l $source) {
        my $second_source = $self->read_a_link($source);
        if ($second_source =~ m{\A/}) {
            $self->conflict(
                'stow',
                $package,
                "source is an absolute symlink $source => $second_source"
            );
            debug(3, "Absolute symlinks cannot be unstowed");
            return;
        }
    }

    # Does the target already exist?
    if ($self->is_a_link($target)) {
        # Where is the link pointing?
        my $existing_source = $self->read_a_link($target);
        if (not $existing_source) {
            error("Could not read link: $target");
        }
        debug(4, "  Evaluate existing link: $target => $existing_source");

        # Does it point to a node under any stow directory?
        my ($existing_path, $existing_stow_path, $existing_package) =
            $self->find_stowed_path($target, $existing_source);
        if (not $existing_path) {
            $self->conflict(
                'stow',
                $package,
                "existing target is not owned by stow: $target"
            );
            return; # XXX #
        }

        # Does the existing $target actually point to anything?
        if ($self->is_a_node($existing_path)) {
            if ($existing_source eq $source) {
                debug(2, "--- Skipping $target as it already points to $source");
            }
            elsif ($self->defer($target)) {
                debug(2, "--- Deferring installation of: $target");
            }
            elsif ($self->override($target)) {
                debug(2, "--- Overriding installation of: $target");
                $self->do_unlink($target);
                $self->do_link($source, $target);
            }
            elsif ($self->is_a_dir(join_paths(parent($target), $existing_source)) &&
                   $self->is_a_dir(join_paths(parent($target), $source))     ) {

                # If the existing link points to a directory,
                # and the proposed new link points to a directory,
                # then we can unfold (split open) the tree at that point

                debug(2, "--- Unfolding $target which was already owned by $existing_package");
                $self->do_unlink($target);
                $self->do_mkdir($target);
                $self->stow_contents(
                    $existing_stow_path,
                    $existing_package,
                    $target,
                    join_paths('..', $existing_source),
                );
                $self->stow_contents(
                    $self->{stow_path},
                    $package,
                    $target,
                    join_paths('..', $source),
                );
            }
            else {
                $self->conflict(
                    'stow',
                    $package,
                    "existing target is stowed to a different package: "
                    . "$target => $existing_source"
                );
            }
        }
        else {
            # The existing link is invalid, so replace it with a good link
            debug(2, "--- replacing invalid link: $path");
            $self->do_unlink($target);
            $self->do_link($source, $target);
        }
    }
    elsif ($self->is_a_node($target)) {
        debug(4, "  Evaluate existing node: $target");
        if ($self->is_a_dir($target)) {
            $self->stow_contents(
                $self->{stow_path},
                $package,
                $target,
                join_paths('..', $source),
            );
        }
        else {
            if ($self->{adopt}) {
                $self->do_mv($target, $path);
                $self->do_link($source, $target);
            }
            else {
                $self->conflict(
                    'stow',
                    $package,
                    "existing target is neither a link nor a directory: $target"
                );
            }
        }
    }
    elsif ($self->{'no-folding'} && -d $path) {
        $self->do_mkdir($target);
        $self->stow_contents(
            $self->{stow_path},
            $package,
            $target,
            join_paths('..', $source),
        );
    }
    else {
        $self->do_link($source, $target);
    }
    return;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : should_skip_target_which_is_stow_dir()
# Purpose   : determine whether target is a stow directory which should
#           : not be stowed to or unstowed from
# Parameters: $target => relative path to symlink target from the current directory
# Returns   : true iff target is a stow directory
# Throws    : n/a
# Comments  : none
#============================================================================
sub should_skip_target_which_is_stow_dir {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($target) = @_;

    # Don't try to remove anything under a stow directory
    if ($target eq $self->{stow_path}) {
        debug(2, "Skipping target which was current stow directory $target");
        return 1;
    }

    if ($self->marked_stow_dir($target)) {
        debug(2, "Skipping protected directory $target");
        return 1;
    }

    debug (4, "$target not protected");
    return 0;
}

sub marked_stow_dir {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($target) = @_;
    for my $f (".stow", ".nonstow") {
        if (-e join_paths($target, $f)) {
            debug(4, "$target contained $f");
            return 1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : unstow_contents_orig()
# Purpose   : unstow the contents of the given directory
# Parameters: $stow_path => relative path from current (i.e. target) directory
#           :               to the stow dir containing the package to be unstowed
#           : $package => the package whose contents are being unstowed
#           : $target => relative path to symlink target from the current directory
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : a fatal error if directory cannot be read
# Comments  : unstow_node_orig() and unstow_contents_orig() are mutually recursive
#           : Here we traverse the target tree, rather than the source tree.
#============================================================================
sub unstow_contents_orig {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($stow_path, $package, $target) = @_;

    my $path = join_paths($stow_path, $package, $target);

    return if $self->should_skip_target_which_is_stow_dir($target);

    my $cwd = getcwd();
    my $msg = "Unstowing from $target (compat mode, cwd=$cwd, stow dir=$self->{stow_path})";
    $msg =~ s!$ENV{HOME}(/|$)!~$1!g;
    debug(3, $msg);
    debug(4, "  source path is $path");
    # In compat mode we traverse the target tree not the source tree,
    # so we're unstowing the contents of /target/foo, there's no
    # guarantee that the corresponding /stow/mypkg/foo exists.
    error("unstow_contents_orig() called with non-directory target: $target")
        unless -d $target;

    opendir my $DIR, $target
        or error("cannot read directory: $target");
    my @listing = readdir $DIR;
    closedir $DIR;

    NODE:
    for my $node (@listing) {
        next NODE if $node eq '.';
        next NODE if $node eq '..';
        my $node_target = join_paths($target, $node);
        next NODE if $self->ignore($stow_path, $package, $node_target);
        $self->unstow_node_orig($stow_path, $package, $node_target);
    }
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : unstow_node_orig()
# Purpose   : unstow the given node
# Parameters: $stow_path => relative path from current (i.e. target) directory
#           :               to the stow dir containing the node to be stowed
#           : $package => the package containing the node being stowed
#           : $target => relative path to symlink target from the current directory
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal error if a conflict arises
# Comments  : unstow_node() and unstow_contents() are mutually recursive
#============================================================================
sub unstow_node_orig {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($stow_path, $package, $target) = @_;

    my $path = join_paths($stow_path, $package, $target);

    debug(3, "Unstowing $target (compat mode)");
    debug(4, "  source path is $path");

    # Does the target exist?
    if ($self->is_a_link($target)) {
        debug(4, "  Evaluate existing link: $target");

        # Where is the link pointing?
        my $existing_source = $self->read_a_link($target);
        if (not $existing_source) {
            error("Could not read link: $target");
        }

        # Does it point to a node under any stow directory?
        my ($existing_path, $existing_stow_path, $existing_package) =
            $self->find_stowed_path($target, $existing_source);
        if (not $existing_path) {
            # We're traversing the target tree not the package tree,
            # so we definitely expect to find stuff not owned by stow.
            # Therefore we can't flag a conflict.
            return; # XXX #
        }

        # Does the existing $target actually point to anything?
        if (-e $existing_path) {
            # Does link point to the right place?
            if ($existing_path eq $path) {
                $self->do_unlink($target);
            }
            elsif ($self->override($target)) {
                debug(2, "--- overriding installation of: $target");
                $self->do_unlink($target);
            }
            # else leave it alone
        }
        else {
            debug(2, "--- removing invalid link into a stow directory: $path");
            $self->do_unlink($target);
        }
    }
    elsif (-d $target) {
        $self->unstow_contents_orig($stow_path, $package, $target);

        # This action may have made the parent directory foldable
        if (my $parent = $self->foldable($target)) {
            $self->fold_tree($target, $parent);
        }
    }
    elsif (-e $target) {
        $self->conflict(
            'unstow',
            $package,
            "existing target is neither a link nor a directory: $target",
        );
    }
    else {
        debug(2, "$target did not exist to be unstowed");
    }
    return;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : unstow_contents()
# Purpose   : unstow the contents of the given directory
# Parameters: $stow_path => relative path from current (i.e. target) directory
#           :               to the stow dir containing the package to be unstowed
#           : $package => the package whose contents are being unstowed
#           : $target => relative path to symlink target from the current directory
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : a fatal error if directory cannot be read
# Comments  : unstow_node() and unstow_contents() are mutually recursive
#           : Here we traverse the source tree, rather than the target tree.
#============================================================================
sub unstow_contents {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($stow_path, $package, $target) = @_;

    my $path = join_paths($stow_path, $package, $target);

    return if $self->should_skip_target_which_is_stow_dir($target);

    my $cwd = getcwd();
    my $msg = "Unstowing from $target (cwd=$cwd, stow dir=$self->{stow_path})";
    $msg =~ s!$ENV{HOME}/!~/!g;
    debug(3, $msg);
    debug(4, "  source path is $path");
    # We traverse the source tree not the target tree, so $path must exist.
    error("unstow_contents() called with non-directory path: $path")
        unless -d $path;
    # When called at the top level, $target should exist.  And
    # unstow_node() should only call this via mutual recursion if
    # $target exists.
    error("unstow_contents() called with invalid target: $target")
        unless $self->is_a_node($target);

    opendir my $DIR, $path
        or error("cannot read directory: $path");
    my @listing = readdir $DIR;
    closedir $DIR;

    NODE:
    for my $node (@listing) {
        next NODE if $node eq '.';
        next NODE if $node eq '..';
        my $node_target = join_paths($target, $node);
        next NODE if $self->ignore($stow_path, $package, $node_target);
        $self->unstow_node($stow_path, $package, $node_target);
    }
    if (-d $target) {
        $self->cleanup_invalid_links($target);
    }
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : unstow_node()
# Purpose   : unstow the given node
# Parameters: $stow_path => relative path from current (i.e. target) directory
#           :               to the stow dir containing the node to be stowed
#           : $package => the package containing the node being unstowed
#           : $target => relative path to symlink target from the current directory
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal error if a conflict arises
# Comments  : unstow_node() and unstow_contents() are mutually recursive
#============================================================================
sub unstow_node {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($stow_path, $package, $target) = @_;

    my $path = join_paths($stow_path, $package, $target);

    debug(3, "Unstowing $path");
    debug(4, "  target is $target");

    # Does the target exist?
    if ($self->is_a_link($target)) {
        debug(4, "  Evaluate existing link: $target");

        # Where is the link pointing?
        my $existing_source = $self->read_a_link($target);
        if (not $existing_source) {
            error("Could not read link: $target");
        }

        if ($existing_source =~ m{\A/}) {
            warn "Ignoring an absolute symlink: $target => $existing_source\n";
            return; # XXX #
        }

        # Does it point to a node under any stow directory?
        my ($existing_path, $existing_stow_path, $existing_package) =
            $self->find_stowed_path($target, $existing_source);
        if (not $existing_path) {
             $self->conflict(
                 'unstow',
                 $package,
                 "existing target is not owned by stow: $target => $existing_source"
             );
            return; # XXX #
        }

        # Does the existing $target actually point to anything?
        if (-e $existing_path) {
            # Does link points to the right place?
            if ($existing_path eq $path) {
                $self->do_unlink($target);
            }

            # XXX we quietly ignore links that are stowed to a different
            # package.

            #elsif (defer($target)) {
            #    debug(2, "--- deferring to installation of: $target");
            #}
            #elsif ($self->override($target)) {
            #    debug(2, "--- overriding installation of: $target");
            #    $self->do_unlink($target);
            #}
            #else {
            #    $self->conflict(
            #        'unstow',
            #        $package,
            #        "existing target is stowed to a different package: "
            #        . "$target => $existing_source"
            #    );
            #}
        }
        else {
            debug(2, "--- removing invalid link into a stow directory: $path");
            $self->do_unlink($target);
        }
    }
    elsif (-e $target) {
        debug(4, "  Evaluate existing node: $target");
        if (-d $target) {
            $self->unstow_contents($stow_path, $package, $target);

            # This action may have made the parent directory foldable
            if (my $parent = $self->foldable($target)) {
                $self->fold_tree($target, $parent);
            }
        }
        else {
            $self->conflict(
                'unstow',
                $package,
                "existing target is neither a link nor a directory: $target",
            );
        }
    }
    else {
        debug(2, "$target did not exist to be unstowed");
    }
    return;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : path_owned_by_package()
# Purpose   : determine whether the given link points to a member of a
#           : stowed package
# Parameters: $target => path to a symbolic link under current directory
#           : $source => where that link points to
# Returns   : the package iff link is owned by stow, otherwise ''
# Throws    : n/a
# Comments  : lossy wrapper around find_stowed_path()
#============================================================================
sub path_owned_by_package {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($target, $source) = @_;

    my ($path, $stow_path, $package) =
        $self->find_stowed_path($target, $source);
    return $package;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : find_stowed_path()
# Purpose   : determine whether the given link points to a member of a
#           : stowed package
# Parameters: $target => path to a symbolic link under current directory
#           : $source => where that link points to (needed because link
#           :            might not exist yet due to two-phase approach,
#           :            so we can't just call readlink())
# Returns   : ($path, $stow_path, $package) where $path and $stow_path are
#           : relative from the current (i.e. target) directory
#           : or ('', '', '') if link is not owned by stow
# Throws    : n/a
# Comments  : Needs 
#           : Allow for stow dir not being under target dir.
#           : We could put more logic under here for multiple stow dirs.
#============================================================================
sub find_stowed_path {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($target, $source) = @_;

    # Evaluate softlink relative to its target
    my $path = join_paths(parent($target), $source);
    debug(4, "  is path $path owned by stow?");

    # Search for .stow files - this allows us to detect links
    # owned by stow directories other than the current one.
    my $dir = '';
    my @path = split m{/+}, $path;
    for my $i (0 .. $#path) {
        my $part = $path[$i];
        $dir = join_paths($dir, $part);
        if ($self->marked_stow_dir($dir)) {
            # FIXME - not sure if this can ever happen
            internal_error("find_stowed_path() called directly on stow dir")
                if $i == $#path;

            debug(4, "    yes - $dir was marked as a stow dir");
            my $package = $path[$i + 1];
            return ($path, $dir, $package);
        }
    }

    # If no .stow file was found, we need to find out whether it's
    # owned by the current stow directory, in which case $path will be
    # a prefix of $self->{stow_path}.
    my @stow_path = split m{/+}, $self->{stow_path};

    # Strip off common prefixes until one is empty
    while (@path && @stow_path) {
        if ((shift @path) ne (shift @stow_path)) {
            debug(4, "    no - either $path not under $self->{stow_path} or vice-versa");
            return ('', '', '');
        }
    }

    if (@stow_path) { # @path must be empty
        debug(4, "    no - $path is not under $self->{stow_path}");
        return ('', '', '');
    }

    my $package = shift @path;
    
    debug(4, "    yes - by $package in " . join_paths(@path));
    return ($path, $self->{stow_path}, $package);
}

#===== METHOD ================================================================
# Name      : cleanup_invalid_links()
# Purpose   : clean up invalid links that may block folding
# Parameters: $dir => path to directory to check
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : no exceptions
# Comments  : removing files from a stowed package is probably a bad practice
#           : so this kind of clean up is not _really_ stow's responsibility;
#           : however, failing to clean up can block tree folding, so we'll do
#           : it anyway
#=============================================================================
sub cleanup_invalid_links {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($dir) = @_;

    if (not -d $dir) {
        error("cleanup_invalid_links() called with a non-directory: $dir");
    }

    opendir my $DIR, $dir
        or error("cannot read directory: $dir");
    my @listing = readdir $DIR;
    closedir $DIR;

    NODE:
    for my $node (@listing) {
        next NODE if $node eq '.';
        next NODE if $node eq '..';

        my $node_path = join_paths($dir, $node);

        if (-l $node_path and not exists $self->{link_task_for}{$node_path}) {

            # Where is the link pointing?
            # (don't use read_a_link() here)
            my $source = readlink($node_path);
            if (not $source) {
                error("Could not read link $node_path");
            }

            if (
                not -e join_paths($dir, $source) and  # bad link
                $self->path_owned_by_package($node_path, $source) # owned by stow
            ){
                debug(2, "--- removing stale link: $node_path => " .
                          join_paths($dir, $source));
                $self->do_unlink($node_path);
            }
        }
    }
    return;
}


#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : foldable()
# Purpose   : determine whether a tree can be folded
# Parameters: $target => path to a directory
# Returns   : path to the parent dir iff the tree can be safely folded
# Throws    : n/a
# Comments  : the path returned is relative to the parent of $target,
#           : that is, it can be used as the source for a replacement symlink
#============================================================================
sub foldable {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($target) = @_;

    debug(3, "--- Is $target foldable?");
    if ($self->{'no-folding'}) {
        debug(3, "--- no because --no-folding enabled");
        return '';
    }

    opendir my $DIR, $target
        or error(qq{Cannot read directory "$target" ($!)\n});
    my @listing = readdir $DIR;
    closedir $DIR;

    my $parent = '';
    NODE:
    for my $node (@listing) {

        next NODE if $node eq '.';
        next NODE if $node eq '..';

        my $path =  join_paths($target, $node);

        # Skip nodes scheduled for removal
        next NODE if not $self->is_a_node($path);

        # If it's not a link then we can't fold its parent
        return '' if not $self->is_a_link($path);

        # Where is the link pointing?
        my $source = $self->read_a_link($path);
        if (not $source) {
            error("Could not read link $path");
        }
        if ($parent eq '') {
            $parent = parent($source)
        }
        elsif ($parent ne parent($source)) {
            return '';
        }
    }
    return '' if not $parent;

    # If we get here then all nodes inside $target are links, and those links
    # point to nodes inside the same directory.

    # chop of leading '..' to get the path to the common parent directory
    # relative to the parent of our $target
    $parent =~ s{\A\.\./}{};

    # If the resulting path is owned by stow, we can fold it
    if ($self->path_owned_by_package($target, $parent)) {
        debug(3, "--- $target is foldable");
        return $parent;
    }
    else {
        return '';
    }
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : fold_tree()
# Purpose   : fold the given tree
# Parameters: $source  => link to the folded tree source
#           : $target => directory that we will replace with a link to $source
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : none
# Comments  : only called iff foldable() is true so we can remove some checks
#============================================================================
sub fold_tree {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($target, $source) = @_;

    debug(3, "--- Folding tree: $target => $source");

    opendir my $DIR, $target
        or error(qq{Cannot read directory "$target" ($!)\n});
    my @listing = readdir $DIR;
    closedir $DIR;

    NODE:
    for my $node (@listing) {
        next NODE if $node eq '.';
        next NODE if $node eq '..';
        next NODE if not $self->is_a_node(join_paths($target, $node));
        $self->do_unlink(join_paths($target, $node));
    }
    $self->do_rmdir($target);
    $self->do_link($source, $target);
    return;
}


#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : conflict()
# Purpose   : handle conflicts in stow operations
# Parameters: $package => the package involved with the conflicting operation
#           : $message => a description of the conflict
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : none
# Comments  : none
#============================================================================
sub conflict {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($action, $package, $message) = @_;

    debug(2, "CONFLICT when ${action}ing $package: $message");
    $self->{conflicts}{$action}{$package} ||= [];
    push @{ $self->{conflicts}{$action}{$package} }, $message;
    $self->{conflict_count}++;

    return;
}

=head2 get_conflicts()

Returns a nested hash of all potential conflicts discovered: the keys
are actions ('stow' or 'unstow'), and the values are hashrefs whose
keys are stow package names and whose values are conflict
descriptions, e.g.:

    (
        stow => {
            perl => [
                "existing target is not owned by stow: bin/a2p"
                "existing target is neither a link nor a directory: bin/perl"
            ]
        }
    )

=cut

sub get_conflicts {
    my $self = shift;
    return %{ $self->{conflicts} };
}

=head2 get_conflict_count()

Returns the number of conflicts found.

=cut

sub get_conflict_count {
    my $self = shift;
    return $self->{conflict_count};
}

=head2 get_tasks()

Returns a list of all symlink/directory creation/removal tasks.

=cut

sub get_tasks {
    my $self = shift;
    return @{ $self->{tasks} };
}

=head2 get_action_count()

Returns the number of actions planned for this Stow instance.

=cut

sub get_action_count {
    my $self = shift;
    return $self->{action_count};
}

#===== METHOD ================================================================
# Name      : ignore
# Purpose   : determine if the given path matches a regex in our ignore list
# Parameters: $stow_path => the stow directory containing the package
#           : $package   => the package containing the path
#           : $target    => the path to check against the ignore list
#           :               relative to its package directory
# Returns   : true iff the path should be ignored
# Throws    : no exceptions
# Comments  : none
#=============================================================================
sub ignore {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($stow_path, $package, $target) = @_;

    internal_error(__PACKAGE__ . "::ignore() called with empty target")
        unless length $target;

    for my $suffix (@{ $self->{ignore} }) {
        if ($target =~ m/$suffix/) {
            debug(4, "  Ignoring path $target due to --ignore=$suffix");
            return 1;
        }
    }

    my $package_dir = join_paths($stow_path, $package);
    my ($path_regexp, $segment_regexp) =
        $self->get_ignore_regexps($package_dir);
    debug(5, "    Ignore list regexp for paths:    " .
             (defined $path_regexp ? "/$path_regexp/" : "none"));
    debug(5, "    Ignore list regexp for segments: " .
             (defined $segment_regexp ? "/$segment_regexp/" : "none"));

    if (defined $path_regexp and "/$target" =~ $path_regexp) {
        debug(4, "  Ignoring path /$target");
        return 1;
    }

    (my $basename = $target) =~ s!.+/!!;
    if (defined $segment_regexp and $basename =~ $segment_regexp) {
        debug(4, "  Ignoring path segment $basename");
        return 1;
    }

    debug(5, "  Not ignoring $target");
    return 0;
}

sub get_ignore_regexps {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($dir) = @_;

    # N.B. the local and global stow ignore files have to have different
    # names so that:
    #   1. the global one can be a symlink to within a stow
    #      package, managed by stow itself, and
    #   2. the local ones can be ignored via hardcoded logic in
    #      GlobsToRegexp(), so that they always stay within their stow packages.

    my $local_stow_ignore  = join_paths($dir,       $LOCAL_IGNORE_FILE);
    my $global_stow_ignore = join_paths($ENV{HOME}, $GLOBAL_IGNORE_FILE);

    for my $file ($local_stow_ignore, $global_stow_ignore) {
        if (-e $file) {
            debug(5, "  Using ignore file: $file");
            return $self->get_ignore_regexps_from_file($file);
        }
        else {
            debug(5, "  $file didn't exist");
        }
    }

    debug(4, "  Using built-in ignore list");
    return @default_global_ignore_regexps;
}

my %ignore_file_regexps;

sub get_ignore_regexps_from_file {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($file) = @_;

    if (exists $ignore_file_regexps{$file}) {
        debug(4, "    Using memoized regexps from $file");
        return @{ $ignore_file_regexps{$file} };
    }

    if (! open(REGEXPS, $file)) {
        debug(4, "    Failed to open $file: $!");
        return undef;
    }

    my @regexps = $self->get_ignore_regexps_from_fh(\*REGEXPS);
    close(REGEXPS);

    $ignore_file_regexps{$file} = [ @regexps ];
    return @regexps;
}

=head2 invalidate_memoized_regexp($file)

For efficiency of performance, regular expressions are compiled from
each ignore list file the first time it is used by the Stow process,
and then memoized for future use.  If you expect the contents of these
files to change during a single run, you will need to invalidate the
memoized value from this cache.  This method allows you to do that.

=cut

sub invalidate_memoized_regexp {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($file) = @_;
    if (exists $ignore_file_regexps{$file}) {
        debug(4, "    Invalidated memoized regexp for $file");
        delete $ignore_file_regexps{$file};
    }
    else {
        debug(2, "  WARNING: no memoized regexp for $file to invalidate");
    }
}

sub get_ignore_regexps_from_fh {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($fh) = @_;
    my %regexps;
    while (<$fh>) {
        chomp;
        s/^\s+//;
        s/\s+$//;
        next if /^#/ or length($_) == 0;
        s/\s+#.+//; # strip comments to right of pattern
        s/\\#/#/g;
        $regexps{$_}++;
    }

    # Local ignore lists should *always* stay within the stow directory,
    # because this is the only place stow looks for them.
    $regexps{"^/\Q$LOCAL_IGNORE_FILE\E\$"}++;

    return $self->compile_ignore_regexps(%regexps);
}

sub compile_ignore_regexps {
    my $self = shift;
    my (%regexps) = @_;

    my @segment_regexps;
    my @path_regexps;
    for my $regexp (keys %regexps) {
        if (index($regexp, '/') < 0) {
            # No / found in regexp, so use it for matching against basename
            push @segment_regexps, $regexp;
        }
        else {
            # / found in regexp, so use it for matching against full path
            push @path_regexps, $regexp;
        }
    }

    my $segment_regexp = join '|', @segment_regexps;
    my $path_regexp    = join '|', @path_regexps;
    $segment_regexp = @segment_regexps ?
        $self->compile_regexp("^($segment_regexp)\$") : undef;
    $path_regexp    = @path_regexps    ?
        $self->compile_regexp("(^|/)($path_regexp)(/|\$)") : undef;

    return ($path_regexp, $segment_regexp);
}

sub compile_regexp {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($regexp) = @_;
    my $compiled = eval { qr/$regexp/ };
    die "Failed to compile regexp: $@\n" if $@;
    return $compiled;
}

sub get_default_global_ignore_regexps {
    my $class = shift;
    # Bootstrap issue - first time we stow, we will be stowing
    # .cvsignore so it might not exist in ~ yet, or if it does, it could
    # be an old version missing the entries we need.  So we make sure
    # they are there by hardcoding some crucial entries.
    return $class->get_ignore_regexps_from_fh(\*DATA);
}

#===== METHOD ================================================================
# Name      : defer
# Purpose   : determine if the given path matches a regex in our defer list
# Parameters: $path
# Returns   : Boolean
# Throws    : no exceptions
# Comments  : none
#=============================================================================
sub defer {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($path) = @_;

    for my $prefix (@{ $self->{defer} }) {
        return 1 if $path =~ m/$prefix/;
    }
    return 0;
}

#===== METHOD ================================================================
# Name      : override
# Purpose   : determine if the given path matches a regex in our override list
# Parameters: $path
# Returns   : Boolean
# Throws    : no exceptions
# Comments  : none
#=============================================================================
sub override {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($path) = @_;

    for my $regex (@{ $self->{override} }) {
        return 1 if $path =~ m/$regex/;
    }
    return 0;
}

##############################################################################
#
# The following code provides the abstractions that allow us to defer operating
# on the filesystem until after all potential conflcits have been assessed.
#
##############################################################################

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : process_tasks()
# Purpose   : process each task in the tasks list
# Parameters: none
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal error if tasks list is corrupted or a task fails
# Comments  : none
#============================================================================
sub process_tasks {
    my $self = shift;

    debug(2, "Processing tasks...");

    # Strip out all tasks with a skip action
    $self->{tasks} = [ grep { $_->{action} ne 'skip' } @{ $self->{tasks} } ];

    if (not @{ $self->{tasks} }) {
        return;
    }

    $self->within_target_do(sub {
        for my $task (@{ $self->{tasks} }) {
            $self->process_task($task);
        }
    });

    debug(2, "Processing tasks... done");
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : process_task()
# Purpose   : process a single task
# Parameters: $task => the task to process
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal error if task fails
# Comments  : Must run from within target directory.
#           : Task involve either creating or deleting dirs and symlinks
#           : an action is set to 'skip' if it is found to be redundant
#============================================================================
sub process_task {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($task) = @_;

    if ($task->{action} eq 'create') {
        if ($task->{type} eq 'dir') {
            mkdir($task->{path}, 0777)
                or error(qq(Could not create directory: $task->{path}));
            return;
        }
        elsif ($task->{type} eq 'link') {
            symlink $task->{source}, $task->{path}
                or error(
                    q(Could not create symlink: %s => %s),
                    $task->{path},
                    $task->{source}
            );
            return;
        }
    }
    elsif ($task->{action} eq 'remove') {
        if ($task->{type} eq 'dir') {
            rmdir $task->{path}
                or error(qq(Could not remove directory: $task->{path}));
            return;
        }
        elsif ($task->{type} eq 'link') {
            unlink $task->{path}
                or error(qq(Could not remove link: $task->{path}));
            return;
        }
    }
    elsif ($task->{action} eq 'move') {
        if ($task->{type} eq 'file') {
            # rename() not good enough, since the stow directory
            # might be on a different filesystem to the target.
            move $task->{path}, $task->{dest}
                or error(qq(Could not move $task->{path} -> $task->{dest}));
            return;
        }
    }

    # Should never happen.
    internal_error(qq(bad task action: $task->{action}));
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : link_task_action()
# Purpose   : finds the link task action for the given path, if there is one
# Parameters: $path
# Returns   : 'remove', 'create', or '' if there is no action
# Throws    : a fatal exception if an invalid action is found
# Comments  : none
#============================================================================
sub link_task_action {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($path) = @_;

    if (! exists $self->{link_task_for}{$path}) {
        debug(4, "  link_task_action($path): no task");
        return '';
    }

    my $action = $self->{link_task_for}{$path}->{action};
    internal_error("bad task action: $action")
        unless $action eq 'remove' or $action eq 'create';

    debug(4, "  link_task_action($path): link task exists with action $action");
    return $action;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : dir_task_action()
# Purpose   : finds the dir task action for the given path, if there is one
# Parameters: $path
# Returns   : 'remove', 'create', or '' if there is no action
# Throws    : a fatal exception if an invalid action is found
# Comments  : none
#============================================================================
sub dir_task_action {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($path) = @_;

    if (! exists $self->{dir_task_for}{$path}) {
        debug(4, "  dir_task_action($path): no task");
        return '';
    }

    my $action = $self->{dir_task_for}{$path}->{action};
    internal_error("bad task action: $action")
        unless $action eq 'remove' or $action eq 'create';

    debug(4, "  dir_task_action($path): dir task exists with action $action");
    return $action;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : parent_link_scheduled_for_removal()
# Purpose   : determine whether the given path or any parent thereof
#           : is a link scheduled for removal
# Parameters: $path
# Returns   : Boolean
# Throws    : none
# Comments  : none
#============================================================================
sub parent_link_scheduled_for_removal {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($path) = @_;

    my $prefix = '';
    for my $part (split m{/+}, $path) {
        $prefix = join_paths($prefix, $part);
        debug(4, "    parent_link_scheduled_for_removal($path): prefix $prefix");
        if (exists $self->{link_task_for}{$prefix} and
             $self->{link_task_for}{$prefix}->{action} eq 'remove') {
            debug(4, "    parent_link_scheduled_for_removal($path): link scheduled for removal");
            return 1;
        }
    }

    debug(4, "    parent_link_scheduled_for_removal($path): returning false");
    return 0;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : is_a_link()
# Purpose   : determine if the given path is a current or planned link
# Parameters: $path
# Returns   : Boolean
# Throws    : none
# Comments  : returns false if an existing link is scheduled for removal
#           : and true if a non-existent link is scheduled for creation
#============================================================================
sub is_a_link {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($path) = @_;
    debug(4, "  is_a_link($path)");

    if (my $action = $self->link_task_action($path)) {
        if ($action eq 'remove') {
            return 0;
        }
        elsif ($action eq 'create') {
            return 1;
        }
    }

    if (-l $path) {
        # Check if any of its parent are links scheduled for removal
        # (need this for edge case during unfolding)
        debug(4, "  is_a_link($path): is a real link");
        return $self->parent_link_scheduled_for_removal($path) ? 0 : 1;
    }

    debug(4, "  is_a_link($path): returning false");
    return 0;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : is_a_dir()
# Purpose   : determine if the given path is a current or planned directory
# Parameters: $path
# Returns   : Boolean
# Throws    : none
# Comments  : returns false if an existing directory is scheduled for removal
#           : and true if a non-existent directory is scheduled for creation
#           : we also need to be sure we are not just following a link
#============================================================================
sub is_a_dir {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($path) = @_;
    debug(4, "  is_a_dir($path)");

    if (my $action = $self->dir_task_action($path)) {
        if ($action eq 'remove') {
            return 0;
        }
        elsif ($action eq 'create') {
            return 1;
        }
    }

    return 0 if $self->parent_link_scheduled_for_removal($path);

    if (-d $path) {
        debug(4, "  is_a_dir($path): real dir");
        return 1;
    }

    debug(4, "  is_a_dir($path): returning false");
    return 0;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : is_a_node()
# Purpose   : determine whether the given path is a current or planned node
# Parameters: $path
# Returns   : Boolean
# Throws    : none
# Comments  : returns false if an existing node is scheduled for removal
#           : true if a non-existent node is scheduled for creation
#           : we also need to be sure we are not just following a link
#============================================================================
sub is_a_node {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($path) = @_;
    debug(4, "  is_a_node($path)");

    my $laction = $self->link_task_action($path);
    my $daction = $self->dir_task_action($path);

    if ($laction eq 'remove') {
        if ($daction eq 'remove') {
            internal_error("removing link and dir: $path");
            return 0;
        }
        elsif ($daction eq 'create') {
            # Assume that we're unfolding $path, and that the link
            # removal action is earlier than the dir creation action
            # in the task queue.  FIXME: is this a safe assumption?
            return 1;
        }
        else { # no dir action
            return 0;
        }
    }
    elsif ($laction eq 'create') {
        if ($daction eq 'remove') {
            # Assume that we're folding $path, and that the dir
            # removal action is earlier than the link creation action
            # in the task queue.  FIXME: is this a safe assumption?
            return 1;
        }
        elsif ($daction eq 'create') {
            internal_error("creating link and dir: $path");
            return 1;
        }
        else { # no dir action
            return 1;
        }
    }
    else {
        # No link action
        if ($daction eq 'remove') {
            return 0;
        }
        elsif ($daction eq 'create') {
            return 1;
        }
        else { # no dir action
            # fall through to below
        }
    }

    return 0 if $self->parent_link_scheduled_for_removal($path);

    if (-e $path) {
        debug(4, "  is_a_node($path): really exists");
        return 1;
    }

    debug(4, "  is_a_node($path): returning false");
    return 0;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : read_a_link()
# Purpose   : return the source of a current or planned link
# Parameters: $path => path to the link target
# Returns   : a string
# Throws    : fatal exception if the given path is not a current or planned
#           : link
# Comments  : none
#============================================================================
sub read_a_link {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($path) = @_;

    if (my $action = $self->link_task_action($path)) {
        debug(4, "  read_a_link($path): task exists with action $action");

        if ($action eq 'create') {
            return $self->{link_task_for}{$path}->{source};
        }
        elsif ($action eq 'remove') {
            internal_error(
                "read_a_link() passed a path that is scheduled for removal: $path"
            );
        }
    }
    elsif (-l $path) {
        debug(4, "  read_a_link($path): real link");
        return readlink $path
            or error("Could not read link: $path");
    }
    internal_error("read_a_link() passed a non link path: $path\n");
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : do_link()
# Purpose   : wrap 'link' operation for later processing
# Parameters: $oldfile => the existing file to link to
#           : $newfile => the file to link
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : error if this clashes with an existing planned operation
# Comments  : cleans up operations that undo previous operations
#============================================================================
sub do_link {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($oldfile, $newfile) = @_;

    if (exists $self->{dir_task_for}{$newfile}) {
        my $task_ref = $self->{dir_task_for}{$newfile};

        if ($task_ref->{action} eq 'create') {
            if ($task_ref->{type} eq 'dir') {
                internal_error(
                    "new link (%s => %s) clashes with planned new directory",
                    $newfile,
                    $oldfile,
                );
            }
        }
        elsif ($task_ref->{action} eq 'remove') {
            # We may need to remove a directory before creating a link so continue.
        }
        else {
            internal_error("bad task action: $task_ref->{action}");
        }
    }

    if (exists $self->{link_task_for}{$newfile}) {
        my $task_ref = $self->{link_task_for}{$newfile};

        if ($task_ref->{action} eq 'create') {
            if ($task_ref->{source} ne $oldfile) {
                internal_error(
                    "new link clashes with planned new link: %s => %s",
                    $task_ref->{path},
                    $task_ref->{source},
                )
            }
            else {
                debug(1, "LINK: $newfile => $oldfile (duplicates previous action)");
                return;
            }
        }
        elsif ($task_ref->{action} eq 'remove') {
            if ($task_ref->{source} eq $oldfile) {
                # No need to remove a link we are going to recreate
                debug(1, "LINK: $newfile => $oldfile (reverts previous action)");
                $self->{link_task_for}{$newfile}->{action} = 'skip';
                delete $self->{link_task_for}{$newfile};
                return;
            }
            # We may need to remove a link to replace it so continue
        }
        else {
            internal_error("bad task action: $task_ref->{action}");
        }
    }

    # Creating a new link
    debug(1, "LINK: $newfile => $oldfile");
    my $task = {
        action  => 'create',
        type    => 'link',
        path    => $newfile,
        source  => $oldfile,
    };
    push @{ $self->{tasks} }, $task;
    $self->{link_task_for}{$newfile} = $task;

    return;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : do_unlink()
# Purpose   : wrap 'unlink' operation for later processing
# Parameters: $file => the file to unlink
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : error if this clashes with an existing planned operation
# Comments  : will remove an existing planned link
#============================================================================
sub do_unlink {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($file) = @_;

    if (exists $self->{link_task_for}{$file}) {
        my $task_ref = $self->{link_task_for}{$file};
        if ($task_ref->{action} eq 'remove') {
            debug(1, "UNLINK: $file (duplicates previous action)");
            return;
        }
        elsif ($task_ref->{action} eq 'create') {
            # Do need to create a link then remove it
            debug(1, "UNLINK: $file (reverts previous action)");
            $self->{link_task_for}{$file}->{action} = 'skip';
            delete $self->{link_task_for}{$file};
            return;
        }
        else {
            internal_error("bad task action: $task_ref->{action}");
        }
    }

    if (exists $self->{dir_task_for}{$file} and $self->{dir_task_for}{$file} eq 'create') {
        internal_error(
            "new unlink operation clashes with planned operation: %s dir %s",
            $self->{dir_task_for}{$file}->{action},
            $file
        );
    }

    # Remove the link
    debug(1, "UNLINK: $file");

    my $source = readlink $file or error("could not readlink $file");

    my $task = {
        action  => 'remove',
        type    => 'link',
        path    => $file,
        source  => $source,
    };
    push @{ $self->{tasks} }, $task;
    $self->{link_task_for}{$file} = $task;

    return;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : do_mkdir()
# Purpose   : wrap 'mkdir' operation
# Parameters: $dir => the directory to remove
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal exception if operation fails
# Comments  : outputs a message if 'verbose' option is set
#           : does not perform operation if 'simulate' option is set
# Comments  : cleans up operations that undo previous operations
#============================================================================
sub do_mkdir {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($dir) = @_;

    if (exists $self->{link_task_for}{$dir}) {
        my $task_ref = $self->{link_task_for}{$dir};

        if ($task_ref->{action} eq 'create') {
            internal_error(
                "new dir clashes with planned new link (%s => %s)",
                $task_ref->{path},
                $task_ref->{source},
            );
        }
        elsif ($task_ref->{action} eq 'remove') {
            # May need to remove a link before creating a directory so continue
        }
        else {
            internal_error("bad task action: $task_ref->{action}");
        }
    }

    if (exists $self->{dir_task_for}{$dir}) {
        my $task_ref = $self->{dir_task_for}{$dir};

        if ($task_ref->{action} eq 'create') {
            debug(1, "MKDIR: $dir (duplicates previous action)");
            return;
        }
        elsif ($task_ref->{action} eq 'remove') {
            debug(1, "MKDIR: $dir (reverts previous action)");
            $self->{dir_task_for}{$dir}->{action} = 'skip';
            delete $self->{dir_task_for}{$dir};
            return;
        }
        else {
            internal_error("bad task action: $task_ref->{action}");
        }
    }

    debug(1, "MKDIR: $dir");
    my $task = {
        action  => 'create',
        type    => 'dir',
        path    => $dir,
        source  => undef,
    };
    push @{ $self->{tasks} }, $task;
    $self->{dir_task_for}{$dir} = $task;

    return;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : do_rmdir()
# Purpose   : wrap 'rmdir' operation
# Parameters: $dir => the directory to remove
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal exception if operation fails
# Comments  : outputs a message if 'verbose' option is set
#           : does not perform operation if 'simulate' option is set
#============================================================================
sub do_rmdir {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($dir) = @_;

    if (exists $self->{link_task_for}{$dir}) {
        my $task_ref = $self->{link_task_for}{$dir};
        internal_error(
            "rmdir clashes with planned operation: %s link %s => %s",
            $task_ref->{action},
            $task_ref->{path},
            $task_ref->{source}
        );
    }

    if (exists $self->{dir_task_for}{$dir}) {
        my $task_ref = $self->{link_task_for}{$dir};

        if ($task_ref->{action} eq 'remove') {
            debug(1, "RMDIR $dir (duplicates previous action)");
            return;
        }
        elsif ($task_ref->{action} eq 'create') {
            debug(1, "MKDIR $dir (reverts previous action)");
            $self->{link_task_for}{$dir}->{action} = 'skip';
            delete $self->{link_task_for}{$dir};
            return;
        }
        else {
            internal_error("bad task action: $task_ref->{action}");
        }
    }

    debug(1, "RMDIR $dir");
    my $task = {
        action  => 'remove',
        type    => 'dir',
        path    => $dir,
        source  => '',
    };
    push @{ $self->{tasks} }, $task;
    $self->{dir_task_for}{$dir} = $task;

    return;
}

#===== METHOD ===============================================================
# Name      : do_mv()
# Purpose   : wrap 'move' operation for later processing
# Parameters: $src => the file to move
#           : $dst => the path to move it to
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : error if this clashes with an existing planned operation
# Comments  : alters contents of package installation image in stow dir
#============================================================================
sub do_mv {
    my $self = shift;
    my ($src, $dst) = @_;

    if (exists $self->{link_task_for}{$src}) {
        # I don't *think* this should ever happen, but I'm not
        # 100% sure.
        my $task_ref = $self->{link_task_for}{$src};
        internal_error(
            "do_mv: pre-existing link task for $src; action: %s, source: %s",
            $task_ref->{action}, $task_ref->{source}
        );
    }
    elsif (exists $self->{dir_task_for}{$src}) {
        my $task_ref = $self->{dir_task_for}{$src};
        internal_error(
            "do_mv: pre-existing dir task for %s?! action: %s",
            $src, $task_ref->{action}
        );
    }

    # Remove the link
    debug(1, "MV: $src -> $dst");

    my $task = {
        action  => 'move',
        type    => 'file',
        path    => $src,
        dest    => $dst,
    };
    push @{ $self->{tasks} }, $task;

    # FIXME: do we need this for anything?
    #$self->{mv_task_for}{$file} = $task;

    return;
}


#############################################################################
#
# End of methods; subroutines follow.
# FIXME: Ideally these should be in a separate module.


#===== PRIVATE SUBROUTINE ===================================================
# Name      : internal_error()
# Purpose   : output internal error message in a consistent form and die
# Parameters: $message => error message to output
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : n/a
# Comments  : none
#============================================================================
sub internal_error {
    my ($format, @args) = @_;
    my $error = sprintf($format, @args);
    my $stacktrace = Carp::longmess();
    die < 7;
use Test::Output;
use English qw(-no_match_vars);

init_test_dirs();
cd("$OUT_DIR/target");

# setup stow directory
make_dir('stow');
make_file('stow/.stow');
# perl
make_dir('stow/perl/bin');
make_file('stow/perl/bin/perl');
make_file('stow/perl/bin/a2p');
make_dir('stow/perl/info');
make_file('stow/perl/info/perl');
make_dir('stow/perl/lib/perl');
make_dir('stow/perl/man/man1');
make_file('stow/perl/man/man1/perl.1');
# emacs
make_dir('stow/emacs/bin');
make_file('stow/emacs/bin/emacs');
make_file('stow/emacs/bin/etags');
make_dir('stow/emacs/info');
make_file('stow/emacs/info/emacs');
make_dir('stow/emacs/libexec/emacs');
make_dir('stow/emacs/man/man1');
make_file('stow/emacs/man/man1/emacs.1');

#setup target directory
make_dir('bin');
make_link('bin/a2p', '../stow/perl/bin/a2p');
make_link('bin/emacs', '../stow/emacs/bin/emacs');
make_link('bin/etags', '../stow/emacs/bin/etags');
make_link('bin/perl', '../stow/perl/bin/perl');

make_dir('info');
make_link('info/emacs', '../stow/emacs/info/emacs');
make_link('info/perl', '../stow/perl/info/perl');

make_link('lib', 'stow/perl/lib');
make_link('libexec', 'stow/emacs/libexec');

make_dir('man');
make_dir('man/man1');
make_link('man/man1/emacs', '../../stow/emacs/man/man1/emacs.1');
make_link('man/man1/perl', '../../stow/perl/man/man1/perl.1');

sub run_chkstow() {
    process_options();
    check_stow();
}

local @ARGV = ('-t', '.', '-b');
stderr_like(
    \&run_chkstow,
    qr{\Askipping .*stow.*\z}xms,
    "Skip directories containing .stow");
      
# squelch warn so that check_stow doesn't carp about skipping .stow all the time
$SIG{__WARN__} = sub { };

@ARGV = ('-t', '.', '-l');
stdout_like(
    \&run_chkstow,
    qr{emacs\nperl\nstow\n}xms,
    "List packages");

@ARGV = ('-t', '.', '-b');
stdout_like(
    \&run_chkstow,
    qr{\A\z}xms,
    "No bogus links exist");

@ARGV = ('-t', '.', '-a');
stdout_like(
    \&run_chkstow,
    qr{\A\z}xms,
    "No aliens exist");

# Create an alien
make_file('bin/alien');
@ARGV = ('-t', '.', '-a');
stdout_like(
    \&run_chkstow,
    qr{Unstowed\ file:\ ./bin/alien}xms,
    "Aliens exist");

make_invalid_link('bin/link', 'ireallyhopethisfiledoesn/t.exist');
@ARGV = ('-t', '.', '-b');
stdout_like(
    \&run_chkstow,
    qr{Bogus\ link:\ ./bin/link}xms,
    "Bogus links exist");

@ARGV = ('-b');
process_options();
our $Target;
ok($Target == q{/usr/local},
    "Default target is /usr/local/");
stow-2.2.0/t/cleanup_invalid_links.t0000755000076400007640000000305211720005436014426 00000000000000#!/usr/local/bin/perl

#
# Testing cleanup_invalid_links()
#

use strict;
use warnings;

use Test::More tests => 6;
use English qw(-no_match_vars);

use testutil;

init_test_dirs();
cd("$OUT_DIR/target");

my $stow;

# Note that each of the following tests use a distinct set of files

#
# nothing to clean in a simple tree
# 


make_dir('../stow/pkg1/bin1');
make_file('../stow/pkg1/bin1/file1');
make_link('bin1', '../stow/pkg1/bin1');

$stow = new_Stow();
$stow->cleanup_invalid_links('./');
is(
   scalar($stow->get_tasks), 0
    => 'nothing to clean' 
);

#
# cleanup a bad link in a simple tree
# 
make_dir('bin2');
make_dir('../stow/pkg2/bin2');
make_file('../stow/pkg2/bin2/file2a');
make_link('bin2/file2a', '../../stow/pkg2/bin2/file2a');
make_invalid_link('bin2/file2b', '../../stow/pkg2/bin2/file2b');

$stow = new_Stow();
$stow->cleanup_invalid_links('bin2');
is($stow->get_conflict_count, 0, 'no conflicts cleaning up bad link');
is(scalar($stow->get_tasks),     1, 'one task cleaning up bad link');
is($stow->link_task_action('bin2/file2b'), 'remove', 'removal task for bad link');

#
# dont cleanup a bad link not owned by stow
# 

make_dir('bin3');
make_dir('../stow/pkg3/bin3');
make_file('../stow/pkg3/bin3/file3a');
make_link('bin3/file3a', '../../stow/pkg3/bin3/file3a');
make_invalid_link('bin3/file3b', '../../empty');

$stow = new_Stow();
$stow->cleanup_invalid_links('bin3');
is($stow->get_conflict_count, 0, 'no conflicts cleaning up bad link not owned by stow');
is(scalar($stow->get_tasks),     0, 'no tasks cleaning up bad link not owned by stow');
stow-2.2.0/t/defer.t0000775000076400007640000000111011664212461011156 00000000000000#!/usr/local/bin/perl

#
# Testing defer().
#

use strict;
use warnings;

use testutil;

use Test::More tests => 4;

init_test_dirs();
cd("$OUT_DIR/target");

my $stow;

$stow = new_Stow(defer => [ 'man' ]);
ok($stow->defer('man/man1/file.1') => 'simple success');

$stow = new_Stow(defer => [ 'lib' ]);
ok(! $stow->defer('man/man1/file.1') => 'simple failure');

$stow = new_Stow(defer => [ 'lib', 'man', 'share' ]);
ok($stow->defer('man/man1/file.1') => 'complex success');

$stow = new_Stow(defer => [ 'lib', 'man', 'share' ]);
ok(! $stow->defer('bin/file') => 'complex failure');
stow-2.2.0/t/examples.t0000775000076400007640000001161011720005073011705 00000000000000#!/usr/local/bin/perl

#
# Testing examples from the documentation
#

use strict;
use warnings;

use testutil;

use Test::More tests => 10;
use English qw(-no_match_vars);

init_test_dirs();
cd("$OUT_DIR/target");

my $stow;

## set up some fake packages to stow

# perl
make_dir('stow/perl/bin');
make_file('stow/perl/bin/perl');
make_file('stow/perl/bin/a2p');
make_dir('stow/perl/info');
make_file('stow/perl/info/perl');
make_dir('stow/perl/lib/perl');
make_dir('stow/perl/man/man1');
make_file('stow/perl/man/man1/perl.1');

# emacs
make_dir('stow/emacs/bin');
make_file('stow/emacs/bin/emacs');
make_file('stow/emacs/bin/etags');
make_dir('stow/emacs/info');
make_file('stow/emacs/info/emacs');
make_dir('stow/emacs/libexec/emacs');
make_dir('stow/emacs/man/man1');
make_file('stow/emacs/man/man1/emacs.1');

#
# stow perl into an empty target
# 
make_dir('stow/perl/bin');
make_file('stow/perl/bin/perl');
make_file('stow/perl/bin/a2p');
make_dir('stow/perl/info');
make_dir('stow/perl/lib/perl');
make_dir('stow/perl/man/man1');
make_file('stow/perl/man/man1/perl.1');

$stow = new_Stow(dir => 'stow');
$stow->plan_stow('perl');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -l 'bin' && -l 'info' && -l 'lib' && -l 'man' &&
    readlink('bin')  eq 'stow/perl/bin' &&
    readlink('info') eq 'stow/perl/info' &&
    readlink('lib')  eq 'stow/perl/lib' &&
    readlink('man')  eq 'stow/perl/man'
    => 'stow perl into an empty target' 
);

#
# stow perl into a non-empty target
#

# clean up previous stow
remove_link('bin');
remove_link('info');
remove_link('lib');
remove_link('man');

make_dir('bin');
make_dir('lib');
make_dir('man/man1');

$stow = new_Stow(dir => 'stow');
$stow->plan_stow('perl');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -d 'bin' && -d 'lib' && -d 'man' && -d 'man/man1' &&
    -l 'info' && -l 'bin/perl' && -l 'bin/a2p' && 
    -l 'lib/perl' && -l 'man/man1/perl.1' &&
    readlink('info')     eq 'stow/perl/info' &&
    readlink('bin/perl') eq '../stow/perl/bin/perl' &&
    readlink('bin/a2p')  eq '../stow/perl/bin/a2p' &&
    readlink('lib/perl') eq '../stow/perl/lib/perl' &&
    readlink('man/man1/perl.1')  eq '../../stow/perl/man/man1/perl.1'
    => 'stow perl into a non-empty target' 
); 


#
# Install perl into an empty target and then install emacs
#

# clean up previous stow
remove_link('info');
remove_dir('bin');
remove_dir('lib');
remove_dir('man');

$stow = new_Stow(dir => 'stow');
$stow->plan_stow('perl', 'emacs');
$stow->process_tasks();
is($stow->get_conflict_count, 0, 'no conflicts');
ok(
    -d 'bin'        && 
    -l 'bin/perl'   && 
    -l 'bin/emacs'  && 
    -l 'bin/a2p'    && 
    -l 'bin/etags'  && 
    readlink('bin/perl')    eq '../stow/perl/bin/perl'      &&
    readlink('bin/a2p')     eq '../stow/perl/bin/a2p'       &&
    readlink('bin/emacs')   eq '../stow/emacs/bin/emacs'    &&
    readlink('bin/etags')   eq '../stow/emacs/bin/etags'    &&
    
    -d 'info'       && 
    -l 'info/perl'  && 
    -l 'info/emacs' && 
    readlink('info/perl')   eq '../stow/perl/info/perl'     &&
    readlink('info/emacs')  eq '../stow/emacs/info/emacs'   &&

    -d 'man'                && 
    -d 'man/man1'           &&
    -l 'man/man1/perl.1'    &&
    -l 'man/man1/emacs.1'   &&
    readlink('man/man1/perl.1')  eq '../../stow/perl/man/man1/perl.1'   &&
    readlink('man/man1/emacs.1') eq '../../stow/emacs/man/man1/emacs.1' &&

    -l 'lib'        && 
    -l 'libexec'    &&
    readlink('lib')     eq 'stow/perl/lib'      &&
    readlink('libexec') eq 'stow/emacs/libexec' &&
    1
    => 'stow perl into an empty target, then stow emacs' 
); 

#
# BUG 1: 
# 1. stowing a package with an empty directory
# 2. stow another package with the same directory but non empty
# 3. unstow the second package
# Q. the original empty directory should remain 
# behaviour is the same as if the empty directory had nothing to do with stow
#

make_dir('stow/pkg1a/bin1');
make_dir('stow/pkg1b/bin1');
make_file('stow/pkg1b/bin1/file1b');

$stow = new_Stow(dir => 'stow');
$stow->plan_stow('pkg1a', 'pkg1b');
$stow->plan_unstow('pkg1b');
$stow->process_tasks();
is($stow->get_conflict_count, 0, 'no conflicts stowing empty dirs');
ok(-d 'bin1' => 'bug 1: stowing empty dirs');

#
# BUG 2: split open tree-folding symlinks pointing inside different stow
# directories
#
make_dir('stow2a/pkg2a/bin2');
make_file('stow2a/pkg2a/bin2/file2a');
make_file('stow2a/.stow');
make_dir('stow2b/pkg2b/bin2');
make_file('stow2b/pkg2b/bin2/file2b');
make_file('stow2b/.stow');

$stow = new_Stow(dir => 'stow2a');
$stow->plan_stow('pkg2a');
$stow->set_stow_dir('stow2b');
$stow->plan_stow('pkg2b');
$stow->process_tasks();

is($stow->get_conflict_count, 0, 'no conflicts splitting tree-folding symlinks');
ok(-d 'bin2' => 'tree got split by packages from multiple stow directories');
ok(-f 'bin2/file2a' => 'file from 1st stow dir');
ok(-f 'bin2/file2b' => 'file from 2nd stow dir');

## Finish this test
stow-2.2.0/t/find_stowed_path.t0000775000076400007640000000273511664212461013430 00000000000000#!/usr/local/bin/perl

#
# Testing find_stowed_path()
#

use strict;
use warnings;

use testutil;

use Test::More tests => 6;

init_test_dirs();

my $stow = new_Stow(dir => "$OUT_DIR/stow");

is_deeply(
    [ $stow->find_stowed_path("$OUT_DIR/target/a/b/c", '../../../stow/a/b/c') ],
    [ "$OUT_DIR/stow/a/b/c", "$OUT_DIR/stow", 'a' ]
    => 'from root'
);

cd("$OUT_DIR/target");
$stow->set_stow_dir('../stow');
is_deeply(
    [ $stow->find_stowed_path('a/b/c','../../../stow/a/b/c') ],
    [ '../stow/a/b/c', '../stow', 'a' ]
    => 'from target directory'
);

make_dir('stow');
cd('../..');
$stow->set_stow_dir("$OUT_DIR/target/stow");

is_deeply(
    [ $stow->find_stowed_path("$OUT_DIR/target/a/b/c", '../../stow/a/b/c') ],
    [ "$OUT_DIR/target/stow/a/b/c", "$OUT_DIR/target/stow", 'a' ]
    => 'stow is subdir of target directory'
);

is_deeply(
    [ $stow->find_stowed_path("$OUT_DIR/target/a/b/c",'../../empty') ],
    [ '', '', '' ]
    => 'target is not stowed'
);

make_dir("$OUT_DIR/target/stow2");
make_file("$OUT_DIR/target/stow2/.stow");

is_deeply(
    [ $stow->find_stowed_path("$OUT_DIR/target/a/b/c",'../../stow2/a/b/c') ],
    [ "$OUT_DIR/target/stow2/a/b/c", "$OUT_DIR/target/stow2", 'a' ]
    => q(detect alternate stow directory)
);

# Possible corner case with rogue symlink pointing to ancestor of
# stow dir.
is_deeply(
    [ $stow->find_stowed_path("$OUT_DIR/target/a/b/c",'../../..') ],
    [ '', '', '' ]
    => q(corner case - link points to ancestor of stow dir)
);
stow-2.2.0/t/foldable.t0000775000076400007640000000267611664212461011663 00000000000000#!/usr/local/bin/perl

#
# Testing foldable()
#

use strict;
use warnings;

use testutil;

use Test::More tests => 4;
use English qw(-no_match_vars);

init_test_dirs();
cd("$OUT_DIR/target");

my $stow = new_Stow(dir => '../stow');

# Note that each of the following tests use a distinct set of files

#
# can fold a simple tree
#

make_dir('../stow/pkg1/bin1');
make_file('../stow/pkg1/bin1/file1');
make_dir('bin1');
make_link('bin1/file1','../../stow/pkg1/bin1/file1');

is( $stow->foldable('bin1'), '../stow/pkg1/bin1' => q(can fold a simple tree) );

#
# can't fold an empty directory 
# 

make_dir('../stow/pkg2/bin2');
make_file('../stow/pkg2/bin2/file2');
make_dir('bin2');

is( $stow->foldable('bin2'), '' => q(can't fold an empty directory) );

#
# can't fold if dir contains a non-link
#

make_dir('../stow/pkg3/bin3');
make_file('../stow/pkg3/bin3/file3');
make_dir('bin3');
make_link('bin3/file3','../../stow/pkg3/bin3/file3');
make_file('bin3/non-link');

is( $stow->foldable('bin3'), '' => q(can't fold a dir containing non-links) );

#
# can't fold if links point to different directories
#

make_dir('bin4');
make_dir('../stow/pkg4a/bin4');
make_file('../stow/pkg4a/bin4/file4a');
make_link('bin4/file4a','../../stow/pkg4a/bin4/file4a');
make_dir('../stow/pkg4b/bin4');
make_file('../stow/pkg4b/bin4/file4b');
make_link('bin4/file4b','../../stow/pkg4b/bin4/file4b');

is( $stow->foldable('bin4'), '' => q(can't fold if links point to different dirs) );
stow-2.2.0/t/join_paths.t0000775000076400007640000000246711664200544012246 00000000000000#!/usr/local/bin/perl

#
# Testing join_paths();
#

use strict;
use warnings;

use Stow::Util qw(join_paths);

use Test::More tests => 14;

is(
    join_paths('a/b/c', 'd/e/f'),
    'a/b/c/d/e/f'
    => 'simple'
);

is(
    join_paths('/a/b/c', '/d/e/f'),
    '/a/b/c/d/e/f'
    => 'leading /'
);

is(
    join_paths('/a/b/c/', '/d/e/f/'),
    '/a/b/c/d/e/f'
    => 'trailing /'
);

is(
    join_paths('///a/b///c//', '/d///////e/f'),
    '/a/b/c/d/e/f'
    => 'mltiple /\'s'
);

is(
    join_paths('', 'a/b/c'),
    'a/b/c'
    => 'first empty'
);

is(
    join_paths('a/b/c', ''),
    'a/b/c'
    => 'second empty'
);

is(
    join_paths('/', 'a/b/c'),
    '/a/b/c'
    => 'first is /'
);

is(
    join_paths('a/b/c', '/'),
    'a/b/c'
    => 'second is /'
);

is(
    join_paths('///a/b///c//', '/d///////e/f'),
    '/a/b/c/d/e/f'
    => 'multiple /\'s'
);


is(
    join_paths('../a1/b1/../c1/', '/a2/../b2/e2'),
    '../a1/c1/b2/e2'
    => 'simple deref ".."'
);

is(
    join_paths('../a1/b1/../c1/d1/e1', '../a2/../b2/c2/d2/../e2'),
    '../a1/c1/d1/b2/c2/e2'
    => 'complex deref ".."'
);

is(
    join_paths('../a1/../../c1', 'a2/../../'),
    '../..'
    => 'too many ".."'
);

is(
    join_paths('./a1', '../../a2'),
    '../a2'
    => 'drop any "./"'
);

is(
    join_paths('a/b/c', '.'),
    'a/b/c'
    => '. on RHS'
);
stow-2.2.0/t/parent.t0000775000076400007640000000070211664200544011367 00000000000000#!/usr/local/bin/perl

#
# Testing parent()
#

use strict;
use warnings;

use Stow::Util qw(parent);

use Test::More tests => 5;

is(
    parent('a/b/c'),
    'a/b'
    => 'no leading or trailing /'
);

is(
    parent('/a/b/c'),
    '/a/b'
    => 'leading /'
);

is(
    parent('a/b/c/'),
    'a/b'
    => 'trailing /'
);

is(
    parent('/////a///b///c///'),
    '/a/b'
    => 'multiple /'
);

is (
    parent('a'),
    ''
    => 'empty parent'
);

stow-2.2.0/t/unstow_orig.t0000755000076400007640000002203611720005436012453 00000000000000#!/usr/local/bin/perl

#
# Test unstowing packages in compat mode
#

use strict;
use warnings;

use Test::More tests => 23;
use Test::Output;
use English qw(-no_match_vars);

use testutil;
use Stow::Util qw(canon_path);

init_test_dirs();
cd("$OUT_DIR/target");

# Note that each of the following tests use a distinct set of files

my $stow;
my %conflicts;

#
# unstow a simple tree minimally
# 

$stow = new_compat_Stow();

make_dir('../stow/pkg1/bin1');
make_file('../stow/pkg1/bin1/file1');
make_link('bin1', '../stow/pkg1/bin1');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg1');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -f '../stow/pkg1/bin1/file1' && ! -e 'bin1'
    => 'unstow a simple tree' 
);

#
# unstow a simple tree from an existing directory
#
$stow = new_compat_Stow();

make_dir('lib2');
make_dir('../stow/pkg2/lib2');
make_file('../stow/pkg2/lib2/file2');
make_link('lib2/file2', '../../stow/pkg2/lib2/file2');
$stow->plan_unstow('pkg2');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -f '../stow/pkg2/lib2/file2' && -d 'lib2'
    => 'unstow simple tree from a pre-existing directory' 
);

#
# fold tree after unstowing
#
$stow = new_compat_Stow();

make_dir('bin3');

make_dir('../stow/pkg3a/bin3');
make_file('../stow/pkg3a/bin3/file3a');
make_link('bin3/file3a' => '../../stow/pkg3a/bin3/file3a'); # emulate stow

make_dir('../stow/pkg3b/bin3');
make_file('../stow/pkg3b/bin3/file3b');
make_link('bin3/file3b' => '../../stow/pkg3b/bin3/file3b'); # emulate stow
$stow->plan_unstow('pkg3b');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok( 
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -l 'bin3' &&
    readlink('bin3') eq '../stow/pkg3a/bin3' 
    => 'fold tree after unstowing'
);

#
# existing link is owned by stow but is invalid so it gets removed anyway
#
$stow = new_compat_Stow();

make_dir('bin4');
make_dir('../stow/pkg4/bin4');
make_file('../stow/pkg4/bin4/file4');
make_invalid_link('bin4/file4', '../../stow/pkg4/bin4/does-not-exist');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg4');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    ! -e 'bin4/file4'
    => q(remove invalid link owned by stow)
);

#
# Existing link is not owned by stow
#
$stow = new_compat_Stow();

make_dir('../stow/pkg5/bin5');
make_invalid_link('bin5', '../not-stow');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg5');
# Unlike the corresponding stow_contents.t test, this doesn't
# cause any conflicts.
#
#like(
#    $Conflicts[-1], qr(can't unlink.*not owned by stow)
#    => q(existing link not owned by stow)
#);
ok(
    -l 'bin5' && readlink('bin5') eq '../not-stow'
    => q(existing link not owned by stow)
);

#
# Target already exists, is owned by stow, but points to a different package
#
$stow = new_compat_Stow();

make_dir('bin6');
make_dir('../stow/pkg6a/bin6');
make_file('../stow/pkg6a/bin6/file6');
make_link('bin6/file6', '../../stow/pkg6a/bin6/file6');

make_dir('../stow/pkg6b/bin6');
make_file('../stow/pkg6b/bin6/file6');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg6b');
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -l 'bin6/file6' &&
    readlink('bin6/file6') eq '../../stow/pkg6a/bin6/file6'
    => q(ignore existing link that points to a different package)
);

#
# Don't unlink anything under the stow directory
#
make_dir('stow'); # make out stow dir a subdir of target
$stow = new_compat_Stow(dir => 'stow');

# emulate stowing into ourself (bizarre corner case or accident)
make_dir('stow/pkg7a/stow/pkg7b');
make_file('stow/pkg7a/stow/pkg7b/file7b');
make_link('stow/pkg7b', '../stow/pkg7a/stow/pkg7b');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg7b');
is($stow->get_tasks, 0, 'no tasks to process when unstowing pkg7b');
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -l 'stow/pkg7b' &&
    readlink('stow/pkg7b') eq '../stow/pkg7a/stow/pkg7b'
    => q(don't unlink any nodes under the stow directory)
);

#
# Don't unlink any nodes under another stow directory
#
$stow = new_compat_Stow(dir => 'stow');

make_dir('stow2'); # make our alternate stow dir a subdir of target
make_file('stow2/.stow');

# emulate stowing into ourself (bizarre corner case or accident)
make_dir('stow/pkg8a/stow2/pkg8b');
make_file('stow/pkg8a/stow2/pkg8b/file8b');
make_link('stow2/pkg8b', '../stow/pkg8a/stow2/pkg8b');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg8a');
is($stow->get_tasks, 0, 'no tasks to process when unstowing pkg8a');
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -l 'stow2/pkg8b' &&
    readlink('stow2/pkg8b') eq '../stow/pkg8a/stow2/pkg8b'
    => q(don't unlink any nodes under another stow directory)
);

#
# overriding already stowed documentation
#
$stow = new_compat_Stow(override => ['man9', 'info9']);
make_file('stow/.stow');

make_dir('../stow/pkg9a/man9/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg9a/man9/man1/file9.1');
make_dir('man9/man1');
make_link('man9/man1/file9.1' => '../../../stow/pkg9a/man9/man1/file9.1'); # emulate stow

make_dir('../stow/pkg9b/man9/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg9b/man9/man1/file9.1');
$stow->plan_unstow('pkg9b');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok( 
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    !-l 'man9/man1/file9.1'
    => 'overriding existing documentation files'
);

#
# deferring to already stowed documentation
#
$stow = new_compat_Stow(defer => ['man10', 'info10']);

make_dir('../stow/pkg10a/man10/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg10a/man10/man1/file10a.1');
make_dir('man10/man1');
make_link('man10/man1/file10a.1'  => '../../../stow/pkg10a/man10/man1/file10a.1');

# need this to block folding
make_dir('../stow/pkg10b/man10/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg10b/man10/man1/file10b.1');
make_link('man10/man1/file10b.1'  => '../../../stow/pkg10b/man10/man1/file10b.1');


make_dir('../stow/pkg10c/man10/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg10c/man10/man1/file10a.1');
$stow->plan_unstow('pkg10c');
is($stow->get_tasks, 0, 'no tasks to process when unstowing pkg10c');
ok( 
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    readlink('man10/man1/file10a.1') eq '../../../stow/pkg10a/man10/man1/file10a.1' 
    => 'defer to existing documentation files'
);

#
# Ignore temp files
#
$stow = new_compat_Stow(ignore => ['~', '\.#.*']);

make_dir('../stow/pkg12/man12/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg12/man12/man1/file12.1');
make_file('../stow/pkg12/man12/man1/file12.1~');
make_file('../stow/pkg12/man12/man1/.#file12.1');
make_dir('man12/man1');
make_link('man12/man1/file12.1'  => '../../../stow/pkg12/man12/man1/file12.1');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg12');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok( 
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    !-e 'man12/man1/file12.1'
    => 'ignore temp files'
);

#
# Unstow an already unstowed package
#
$stow = new_compat_Stow();
$stow->plan_unstow('pkg12');
is($stow->get_tasks, 0, 'no tasks to process when unstowing pkg12');
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0
    => 'unstow already unstowed package pkg12'
);

#
# Unstow a never stowed package
#

eval { remove_dir("$OUT_DIR/target"); };
mkdir("$OUT_DIR/target");

$stow = new_compat_Stow();
$stow->plan_unstow('pkg12');
is($stow->get_tasks, 0, 'no tasks to process when unstowing pkg12 which was never stowed');
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0
    => 'unstow never stowed package pkg12'
);

#
# Unstowing when target contains a real file shouldn't be an issue.
#
make_file('man12/man1/file12.1');

$stow = new_compat_Stow();
$stow->plan_unstow('pkg12');
is($stow->get_tasks, 0, 'no tasks to process when unstowing pkg12 for third time');
%conflicts = $stow->get_conflicts;
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 1 &&
    $conflicts{unstow}{pkg12}[0]
        =~ m!existing target is neither a link nor a directory: man12/man1/file12\.1!
    => 'unstow pkg12 for third time'
);

#
# unstow a simple tree minimally when cwd isn't target
#
cd('../..');
$stow = new_Stow(dir => "$OUT_DIR/stow", target => "$OUT_DIR/target");

make_dir("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg13/bin13");
make_file("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg13/bin13/file13");
make_link("$OUT_DIR/target/bin13", '../stow/pkg13/bin13');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg13');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -f "$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg13/bin13/file13" && ! -e "$OUT_DIR/target/bin13"
    => 'unstow a simple tree' 
);

#
# unstow a simple tree minimally with absolute stow dir when cwd isn't
# target
#
$stow = new_Stow(dir    => canon_path("$OUT_DIR/stow"),
                 target => "$OUT_DIR/target");

make_dir("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg14/bin14");
make_file("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg14/bin14/file14");
make_link("$OUT_DIR/target/bin14", '../stow/pkg14/bin14');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg14');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -f "$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg14/bin14/file14" && ! -e "$OUT_DIR/target/bin14"
    => 'unstow a simple tree with absolute stow dir'
);

#
# unstow a simple tree minimally with absolute stow AND target dirs
# when cwd isn't target
#
$stow = new_Stow(dir    => canon_path("$OUT_DIR/stow"),
                 target => canon_path("$OUT_DIR/target"));

make_dir("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg15/bin15");
make_file("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg15/bin15/file15");
make_link("$OUT_DIR/target/bin15", '../stow/pkg15/bin15');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg15');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -f "$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg15/bin15/file15" && ! -e "$OUT_DIR/target/bin15"
    => 'unstow a simple tree with absolute stow and target dirs'
);


# Todo
#
# Test cleaning up subdirs with --paranoid option

stow-2.2.0/t/stow.t0000755000076400007640000003521711720005436011075 00000000000000#!/usr/local/bin/perl

#
# Test stowing packages.
#

use strict;
use warnings;

use Test::More tests => 111;
use Test::Output;
use English qw(-no_match_vars);

use Stow::Util qw(canon_path);
use testutil;

init_test_dirs();
cd("$OUT_DIR/target");

my $stow;
my %conflicts;

# Note that each of the following tests use a distinct set of files

#
# stow a simple tree minimally
# 
$stow = new_Stow(dir => '../stow');

make_dir('../stow/pkg1/bin1');
make_file('../stow/pkg1/bin1/file1');

$stow->plan_stow('pkg1');
$stow->process_tasks();
is_deeply([ $stow->get_conflicts ], [], 'no conflicts with minimal stow');
is( 
    readlink('bin1'),  
    '../stow/pkg1/bin1', 
    => 'minimal stow of a simple tree' 
);

#
# stow a simple tree into an existing directory
#
$stow = new_Stow();

make_dir('../stow/pkg2/lib2');
make_file('../stow/pkg2/lib2/file2');
make_dir('lib2');

$stow->plan_stow('pkg2');
$stow->process_tasks();
is( 
    readlink('lib2/file2'),
    '../../stow/pkg2/lib2/file2', 
    => 'stow simple tree to existing directory' 
);

#
# unfold existing tree 
#
$stow = new_Stow();

make_dir('../stow/pkg3a/bin3');
make_file('../stow/pkg3a/bin3/file3a');
make_link('bin3' => '../stow/pkg3a/bin3'); # emulate stow

make_dir('../stow/pkg3b/bin3');
make_file('../stow/pkg3b/bin3/file3b');

$stow->plan_stow('pkg3b');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok( 
    -d 'bin3' &&
    readlink('bin3/file3a') eq '../../stow/pkg3a/bin3/file3a'  &&
    readlink('bin3/file3b') eq '../../stow/pkg3b/bin3/file3b' 
    => 'target already has 1 stowed package'
);

#
# Link to a new dir 'bin4' conflicts with existing non-dir so can't
# unfold
#
$stow = new_Stow();

make_file('bin4'); # this is a file but named like a directory
make_dir('../stow/pkg4/bin4'); 
make_file('../stow/pkg4/bin4/file4'); 

$stow->plan_stow('pkg4');
%conflicts = $stow->get_conflicts();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 1 &&
    $conflicts{stow}{pkg4}[0] =~
    qr/existing target is neither a link nor a directory/
    => 'link to new dir bin4 conflicts with existing non-directory'
);

#
# Link to a new dir 'bin4a' conflicts with existing non-dir so can't
# unfold even with --adopt
#
#$stow = new_Stow(adopt => 1);
$stow = new_Stow();

make_file('bin4a'); # this is a file but named like a directory
make_dir('../stow/pkg4a/bin4a'); 
make_file('../stow/pkg4a/bin4a/file4a'); 

$stow->plan_stow('pkg4a');
%conflicts = $stow->get_conflicts();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 1 &&
    $conflicts{stow}{pkg4a}[0] =~ 
    qr/existing target is neither a link nor a directory/
    => 'link to new dir bin4a conflicts with existing non-directory'
);

#
# Link to files 'file4b' and 'bin4b' conflict with existing files
# without --adopt
#
$stow = new_Stow();

# Populate target
make_file('file4b',       'file4b - version originally in target');
make_dir ('bin4b'); 
make_file('bin4b/file4b', 'bin4b/file4b - version originally in target');

# Populate
make_dir ('../stow/pkg4b/bin4b'); 
make_file('../stow/pkg4b/file4b',       'file4b - version originally in stow package');
make_file('../stow/pkg4b/bin4b/file4b', 'bin4b/file4b - version originally in stow package');

$stow->plan_stow('pkg4b');
%conflicts = $stow->get_conflicts();
is($stow->get_conflict_count, 2 => 'conflict per file');
for my $i (0, 1) {
    like(
        $conflicts{stow}{pkg4b}[$i],
        qr/existing target is neither a link nor a directory/
        => 'link to file4b conflicts with existing non-directory'
    );
}

#
# Link to files 'file4b' and 'bin4b' do not conflict with existing
# files when --adopt is given
#
$stow = new_Stow(adopt => 1);

# Populate target
make_file('file4c',       "file4c - version originally in target\n");
make_dir ('bin4c'); 
make_file('bin4c/file4c', "bin4c/file4c - version originally in target\n");

# Populate
make_dir ('../stow/pkg4c/bin4c'); 
make_file('../stow/pkg4c/file4c',       "file4c - version originally in stow package\n");
make_file('../stow/pkg4c/bin4c/file4c', "bin4c/file4c - version originally in stow package\n");

$stow->plan_stow('pkg4c');
is($stow->get_conflict_count, 0 => 'no conflicts with --adopt');
is($stow->get_tasks, 4 => 'two tasks per file');
$stow->process_tasks();
for my $file ('file4c', 'bin4c/file4c') {
    ok(-l $file, "$file turned into a symlink");
    is(
        readlink $file,
        (index($file, '/') == -1 ? '' : '../' )
        . "../stow/pkg4c/$file" => "$file points to right place"
    );
    is(cat_file($file), "$file - version originally in target\n" => "$file has right contents");
}

  
#
# Target already exists but is not owned by stow
#
$stow = new_Stow();

make_dir('bin5'); 
make_invalid_link('bin5/file5','../../empty');
make_dir('../stow/pkg5/bin5/file5'); 

$stow->plan_stow('pkg5');
%conflicts = $stow->get_conflicts();
like( 
    $conflicts{stow}{pkg5}[-1],
    qr/not owned by stow/
    => 'target already exists but is not owned by stow'
);

#
# Replace existing but invalid target 
#
$stow = new_Stow();

make_invalid_link('file6','../stow/path-does-not-exist');
make_dir('../stow/pkg6');
make_file('../stow/pkg6/file6');

$stow->plan_stow('pkg6');
$stow->process_tasks();
is( 
    readlink('file6'),
    '../stow/pkg6/file6' 
    => 'replace existing but invalid target'
);

#
# Target already exists, is owned by stow, but points to a non-directory
# (can't unfold)
#
$stow = new_Stow();

make_dir('bin7');
make_dir('../stow/pkg7a/bin7');
make_file('../stow/pkg7a/bin7/node7');
make_link('bin7/node7','../../stow/pkg7a/bin7/node7');
make_dir('../stow/pkg7b/bin7/node7');
make_file('../stow/pkg7b/bin7/node7/file7');

$stow->plan_stow('pkg7b');
%conflicts = $stow->get_conflicts();
like(
    $conflicts{stow}{pkg7b}[-1],
    qr/existing target is stowed to a different package/
    => 'link to new dir conflicts with existing stowed non-directory'
);

#
# stowing directories named 0
#
$stow = new_Stow();

make_dir('../stow/pkg8a/0');
make_file('../stow/pkg8a/0/file8a');
make_link('0' => '../stow/pkg8a/0'); # emulate stow

make_dir('../stow/pkg8b/0');
make_file('../stow/pkg8b/0/file8b');

$stow->plan_stow('pkg8b');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok( 
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -d '0' &&
    readlink('0/file8a') eq '../../stow/pkg8a/0/file8a'  &&
    readlink('0/file8b') eq '../../stow/pkg8b/0/file8b' 
    => 'stowing directories named 0'
);

#
# overriding already stowed documentation
#
$stow = new_Stow(override => ['man9', 'info9']);

make_dir('../stow/pkg9a/man9/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg9a/man9/man1/file9.1');
make_dir('man9/man1');
make_link('man9/man1/file9.1' => '../../../stow/pkg9a/man9/man1/file9.1'); # emulate stow

make_dir('../stow/pkg9b/man9/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg9b/man9/man1/file9.1');

$stow->plan_stow('pkg9b');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok( 
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    readlink('man9/man1/file9.1') eq '../../../stow/pkg9b/man9/man1/file9.1' 
    => 'overriding existing documentation files'
);

#
# deferring to already stowed documentation
#
$stow = new_Stow(defer => ['man10', 'info10']);

make_dir('../stow/pkg10a/man10/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg10a/man10/man1/file10.1');
make_dir('man10/man1');
make_link('man10/man1/file10.1' => '../../../stow/pkg10a/man10/man1/file10.1'); # emulate stow

make_dir('../stow/pkg10b/man10/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg10b/man10/man1/file10.1');

$stow->plan_stow('pkg10b');
is($stow->get_tasks, 0, 'no tasks to process');
ok( 
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    readlink('man10/man1/file10.1') eq '../../../stow/pkg10a/man10/man1/file10.1' 
    => 'defer to existing documentation files'
);

#
# Ignore temp files
#
$stow = new_Stow(ignore => ['~', '\.#.*']);

make_dir('../stow/pkg11/man11/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg11/man11/man1/file11.1');
make_file('../stow/pkg11/man11/man1/file11.1~');
make_file('../stow/pkg11/man11/man1/.#file11.1');
make_dir('man11/man1');

$stow->plan_stow('pkg11');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok( 
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    readlink('man11/man1/file11.1') eq '../../../stow/pkg11/man11/man1/file11.1' &&
    !-e 'man11/man1/file11.1~' && 
    !-e 'man11/man1/.#file11.1'
    => 'ignore temp files'
);

#
# stowing links library files
#
$stow = new_Stow();

make_dir('../stow/pkg12/lib12/');
make_file('../stow/pkg12/lib12/lib.so.1');
make_link('../stow/pkg12/lib12/lib.so', 'lib.so.1');

make_dir('lib12/');

$stow->plan_stow('pkg12');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok( 
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    readlink('lib12/lib.so.1') eq '../../stow/pkg12/lib12/lib.so.1' &&
    readlink('lib12/lib.so'  ) eq '../../stow/pkg12/lib12/lib.so'
    => 'stow links to libraries'
);

#
# unfolding to stow links to library files
#
$stow = new_Stow();

make_dir('../stow/pkg13a/lib13/');
make_file('../stow/pkg13a/lib13/liba.so.1');
make_link('../stow/pkg13a/lib13/liba.so', 'liba.so.1');
make_link('lib13','../stow/pkg13a/lib13');

make_dir('../stow/pkg13b/lib13/');
make_file('../stow/pkg13b/lib13/libb.so.1');
make_link('../stow/pkg13b/lib13/libb.so', 'libb.so.1');

$stow->plan_stow('pkg13b');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok( 
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    readlink('lib13/liba.so.1') eq '../../stow/pkg13a/lib13/liba.so.1'  &&
    readlink('lib13/liba.so'  ) eq '../../stow/pkg13a/lib13/liba.so'    &&
    readlink('lib13/libb.so.1') eq '../../stow/pkg13b/lib13/libb.so.1'  && 
    readlink('lib13/libb.so'  ) eq '../../stow/pkg13b/lib13/libb.so'  
    => 'unfolding to stow links to libraries'
);

#
# stowing to stow dir should fail
#
make_dir('stow');
$stow = new_Stow(dir => 'stow');

make_dir('stow/pkg14/stow/pkg15');
make_file('stow/pkg14/stow/pkg15/node15');

$stow->plan_stow('pkg14');
is($stow->get_tasks, 0, 'no tasks to process');
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    ! -l 'stow/pkg15'
    => "stowing to stow dir should fail"
);

#
# stow a simple tree minimally when cwd isn't target
#
cd('../..');
$stow = new_Stow(dir => "$OUT_DIR/stow", target => "$OUT_DIR/target");

make_dir("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg16/bin16");
make_file("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg16/bin16/file16");

$stow->plan_stow('pkg16');
$stow->process_tasks();
is_deeply([ $stow->get_conflicts ], [], 'no conflicts with minimal stow');
is(
    readlink("$OUT_DIR/target/bin16"),
    '../stow/pkg16/bin16',
    => "minimal stow of a simple tree when cwd isn't target"
);

#
# stow a simple tree minimally to absolute stow dir when cwd isn't
# target
#
$stow = new_Stow(dir    => canon_path("$OUT_DIR/stow"),
                 target => "$OUT_DIR/target");

make_dir("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg17/bin17");
make_file("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg17/bin17/file17");

$stow->plan_stow('pkg17');
$stow->process_tasks();
is_deeply([ $stow->get_conflicts ], [], 'no conflicts with minimal stow');
is(
    readlink("$OUT_DIR/target/bin17"),
    '../stow/pkg17/bin17',
    => "minimal stow of a simple tree with absolute stow dir"
);

#
# stow a simple tree minimally with absolute stow AND target dirs when
# cwd isn't target
#
$stow = new_Stow(dir    => canon_path("$OUT_DIR/stow"),
                 target => canon_path("$OUT_DIR/target"));

make_dir("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg18/bin18");
make_file("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg18/bin18/file18");

$stow->plan_stow('pkg18');
$stow->process_tasks();
is_deeply([ $stow->get_conflicts ], [], 'no conflicts with minimal stow');
is(
    readlink("$OUT_DIR/target/bin18"),
    '../stow/pkg18/bin18',
    => "minimal stow of a simple tree with absolute stow and target dirs"
);

#
# stow a tree with no-folding enabled -
# no new folded directories should be created, and existing
# folded directories should be split open (unfolded) where
# (and only where) necessary
#
cd("$OUT_DIR/target");

sub create_pkg {
    my ($id, $pkg) = @_;

    my $stow_pkg = "../stow/$id-$pkg";
    make_dir ($stow_pkg);
    make_file("$stow_pkg/$id-file-$pkg");

    # create a shallow hierarchy specific to this package which isn't
    # yet stowed
    make_dir ("$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-new");
    make_file("$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-new/$id-file-$pkg");

    # create a deeper hierarchy specific to this package which isn't
    # yet stowed
    make_dir ("$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-new2/subdir");
    make_file("$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-new2/subdir/$id-file-$pkg");

    # create a hierarchy specific to this package which is already
    # stowed via a folded tree
    make_dir ("$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-old");
    make_link("$id-$pkg-only-old", "$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-old");
    make_file("$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-old/$id-file-$pkg");

    # create a shared hierarchy which this package uses
    make_dir ("$stow_pkg/$id-shared");
    make_file("$stow_pkg/$id-shared/$id-file-$pkg");

    # create a partially shared hierarchy which this package uses
    make_dir ("$stow_pkg/$id-shared2/subdir-$pkg");
    make_file("$stow_pkg/$id-shared2/$id-file-$pkg");
    make_file("$stow_pkg/$id-shared2/subdir-$pkg/$id-file-$pkg");
}

foreach my $pkg (qw{a b}) {
    create_pkg('no-folding', $pkg);
}

$stow = new_Stow('no-folding' => 1);
$stow->plan_stow('no-folding-a');
is_deeply([ $stow->get_conflicts ], [] => 'no conflicts with --no-folding');
my @tasks = $stow->get_tasks;
use Data::Dumper;
is(scalar(@tasks), 12 => "6 dirs, 6 links") || warn Dumper(\@tasks);
$stow->process_tasks();

sub check_no_folding {
    my ($pkg) = @_;
    my $stow_pkg = "../stow/no-folding-$pkg";
    is_link("no-folding-file-$pkg", "$stow_pkg/no-folding-file-$pkg");

    # check existing folded tree is untouched
    is_link("no-folding-$pkg-only-old", "$stow_pkg/no-folding-$pkg-only-old");

    # check newly stowed shallow tree is not folded
    is_dir_not_symlink("no-folding-$pkg-only-new");
    is_link("no-folding-$pkg-only-new/no-folding-file-$pkg",
            "../$stow_pkg/no-folding-$pkg-only-new/no-folding-file-$pkg");

    # check newly stowed deeper tree is not folded
    is_dir_not_symlink("no-folding-$pkg-only-new2");
    is_dir_not_symlink("no-folding-$pkg-only-new2/subdir");
    is_link("no-folding-$pkg-only-new2/subdir/no-folding-file-$pkg",
            "../../$stow_pkg/no-folding-$pkg-only-new2/subdir/no-folding-file-$pkg");

    # check shared tree is not folded. first time round this will be
    # newly stowed.
    is_dir_not_symlink('no-folding-shared');
    is_link("no-folding-shared/no-folding-file-$pkg",
            "../$stow_pkg/no-folding-shared/no-folding-file-$pkg");

    # check partially shared tree is not folded. first time round this
    # will be newly stowed.
    is_dir_not_symlink('no-folding-shared2');
    is_link("no-folding-shared2/no-folding-file-$pkg",
            "../$stow_pkg/no-folding-shared2/no-folding-file-$pkg");
    is_link("no-folding-shared2/no-folding-file-$pkg",
            "../$stow_pkg/no-folding-shared2/no-folding-file-$pkg");
}

check_no_folding('a');

$stow = new_Stow('no-folding' => 1);
$stow->plan_stow('no-folding-b');
is_deeply([ $stow->get_conflicts ], [] => 'no conflicts with --no-folding');
@tasks = $stow->get_tasks;
is(scalar(@tasks), 10 => '4 dirs, 6 links') || warn Dumper(\@tasks);
$stow->process_tasks();

check_no_folding('a');
check_no_folding('b');
stow-2.2.0/t/testutil.pm0000755000076400007640000002222411720005436012121 00000000000000#!/usr/bin/perl

#
# Utilities shared by test scripts
#

package testutil;

use strict;
use warnings;

use Carp qw(croak);
use File::Basename;
use File::Path qw(remove_tree);
use File::Spec;
use Test::More;

use Stow;
use Stow::Util qw(parent canon_path);

use base qw(Exporter);
our @EXPORT = qw(
    $OUT_DIR
    init_test_dirs
    cd
    new_Stow new_compat_Stow
    make_dir make_link make_invalid_link make_file
    remove_dir remove_link
    cat_file
    is_link is_dir_not_symlink is_nonexistent_path
);

our $OUT_DIR = 'tmp-testing-trees';

sub init_test_dirs {
    for my $dir ("$OUT_DIR/target", "$OUT_DIR/stow") {
        -d $dir and remove_tree($dir);
        make_dir($dir);
    }

    # Don't let user's ~/.stow-global-ignore affect test results
    $ENV{HOME} = '/tmp/fake/home';
}

sub new_Stow {
    my %opts = @_;
    $opts{dir}    ||= '../stow';
    $opts{target} ||= '.';
    $opts{test_mode} = 1;
    return new Stow(%opts);
}

sub new_compat_Stow {
    my %opts = @_;
    $opts{compat} = 1;
    return new_Stow(%opts);
}

#===== SUBROUTINE ===========================================================
# Name      : make_link()
# Purpose   : safely create a link
# Parameters: $target => path to the link
#           : $source => where the new link should point
#           : $invalid => true iff $source refers to non-existent file
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal error if the link can not be safely created
# Comments  : checks for existing nodes
#============================================================================
sub make_link {
    my ($target, $source, $invalid) = @_;

    if (-l $target) {
        my $old_source = readlink join('/', parent($target), $source) 
            or die "$target is already a link but could not read link $target/$source";
        if ($old_source ne $source) {
            die "$target already exists but points elsewhere\n";
        }
    }
    die "$target already exists and is not a link\n" if -e $target;
    my $abs_target = File::Spec->rel2abs($target);
    my $target_container = dirname($abs_target);
    my $abs_source = File::Spec->rel2abs($source, $target_container);
    #warn "t $target c $target_container as $abs_source";
    if (-e $abs_source) {
        croak "Won't make invalid link pointing to existing $abs_target"
            if $invalid;
    }
    else {
        croak "Won't make link pointing to non-existent $abs_target"
            unless $invalid;
    }
    symlink $source, $target
        or die "could not create link $target => $source ($!)\n";
}

#===== SUBROUTINE ===========================================================
# Name      : make_invalid_link()
# Purpose   : safely create an invalid link
# Parameters: $target => path to the link
#           : $source => the non-existent source where the new link should point
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal error if the link can not be safely created
# Comments  : checks for existing nodes
#============================================================================
sub make_invalid_link {
    my ($target, $source, $allow_invalid) = @_;
    make_link($target, $source, 1);
}

#===== SUBROUTINE ===========================================================
# Name      : make_dir()
# Purpose   : create a directory and any requisite parents
# Parameters: $dir => path to the new directory
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal error if the directory or any of its parents cannot be
#           : created
# Comments  : none
#============================================================================
sub make_dir {
    my ($dir) = @_;

    my @parents = ();
    for my $part (split '/', $dir) {
        my $path = join '/', @parents, $part;
        if (not -d $path and not mkdir $path) {
            die "could not create directory: $path ($!)\n";
        }
        push @parents, $part;
    }
    return;
}

#===== SUBROUTINE ===========================================================
# Name      : create_file()
# Purpose   : create an empty file
# Parameters: $path => proposed path to the file
#           : $contents => (optional) contents to write to file
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal error if the file could not be created
# Comments  : detects clash with an existing non-file
#============================================================================
sub make_file {
    my ($path, $contents) = @_;

    if (-e $path and ! -f $path) {
        die "a non-file already exists at $path\n";
    }

    open my $FILE ,'>', $path
        or die "could not create file: $path ($!)\n";
    print $FILE $contents if defined $contents;
    close $FILE;
}

#===== SUBROUTINE ===========================================================
# Name      : remove_link()
# Purpose   : remove an esiting symbolic link
# Parameters: $path => path to the symbolic link
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal error if the operation fails or if passed the path to a
#           : non-link
# Comments  : none
#============================================================================
sub remove_link {
    my ($path) = @_;
    if (not -l $path) {
        die qq(remove_link() called with a non-link: $path);
    }
    unlink $path or die "could not remove link: $path ($!)\n";
    return;
}

#===== SUBROUTINE ===========================================================
# Name      : remove_file()
# Purpose   : remove an existing empty file
# Parameters: $path => the path to the empty file
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal error if given file is non-empty or the operation fails
# Comments  : none
#============================================================================
sub remove_file {
    my ($path) = @_;
    if (-z $path) {
        die "file at $path is non-empty\n";
    }
    unlink $path or die "could not remove empty file: $path ($!)\n";
    return;
}

#===== SUBROUTINE ===========================================================
# Name      : remove_dir()
# Purpose   : safely remove a tree of test files
# Parameters: $dir => path to the top of the tree
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal error if the tree contains a non-link or non-empty file
# Comments  : recursively removes directories containing softlinks empty files
#============================================================================
sub remove_dir {
    my ($dir) = @_;

    if (not -d $dir) {
        die "$dir is not a directory";
    }

    opendir my $DIR, $dir or die "cannot read directory: $dir ($!)\n";
    my @listing = readdir $DIR;
    closedir $DIR;

    NODE:
    for my $node (@listing) {
        next NODE if $node eq '.';
        next NODE if $node eq '..';

        my $path = "$dir/$node";
        if (-l $path or -z $path or $node eq $Stow::LOCAL_IGNORE_FILE) {
            unlink $path or die "cannot unlink $path ($!)\n";
        }
        elsif (-d "$path") {
            remove_dir($path);
        }
        else {
            die "$path is not a link, directory, or empty file\n";
        }
    }
    rmdir $dir or die "cannot rmdir $dir ($!)\n";

    return;
}

#===== SUBROUTINE ===========================================================
# Name      : cd()
# Purpose   : wrapper around chdir
# Parameters: $dir => path to chdir to
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal error if the chdir fails
# Comments  : none
#============================================================================
sub cd {
    my ($dir) = @_;
    chdir $dir or die "Failed to chdir($dir): $!\n";
}

#===== SUBROUTINE ===========================================================
# Name      : cat_file()
# Purpose   : return file contents
# Parameters: $file => file to read
# Returns   : n/a
# Throws    : fatal error if the open fails
# Comments  : none
#============================================================================
sub cat_file {
    my ($file) = @_;
    open F, $file or die "Failed to open($file): $!\n";
    my $contents = join '', ;
    close(F);
    return $contents;
}

#===== SUBROUTINE ===========================================================
# Name      : is_link()
# Purpose   : assert path is a symlink
# Parameters: $path => path to check
#           : $dest => target symlink should point to
#============================================================================
sub is_link {
    my ($path, $dest) = @_;
    ok(-l $path => "$path should be symlink");
    is(readlink $path, $dest => "$path symlinks to $dest");
}

#===== SUBROUTINE ===========================================================
# Name      : is_dir_not_symlink()
# Purpose   : assert path is a directory not a symlink
# Parameters: $path => path to check
#============================================================================
sub is_dir_not_symlink {
    my ($path) = @_;
    ok(! -l $path => "$path should not be symlink");
    ok(-d _       => "$path should be a directory");
}

#===== SUBROUTINE ===========================================================
# Name      : is_nonexistent_path()
# Purpose   : assert path does not exist
# Parameters: $path => path to check
#============================================================================
sub is_nonexistent_path {
    my ($path) = @_;
    ok(! -l $path => "$path should not be symlink");
    ok(! -e _     => "$path should not exist");
}


1;

# Local variables:
# mode: perl
# cperl-indent-level: 4
# end:
# vim: ft=perl
stow-2.2.0/t/unstow.t0000755000076400007640000002743511720005436011443 00000000000000#!/usr/local/bin/perl

#
# Test unstowing packages
#

use strict;
use warnings;

use Test::More tests => 38;
use Test::Output;
use English qw(-no_match_vars);

use testutil;
use Stow::Util qw(canon_path);

init_test_dirs();
cd("$OUT_DIR/target");

# Note that each of the following tests use a distinct set of files

my $stow;
my %conflicts;

#
# unstow a simple tree minimally
# 
$stow = new_Stow();

make_dir('../stow/pkg1/bin1');
make_file('../stow/pkg1/bin1/file1');
make_link('bin1', '../stow/pkg1/bin1');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg1');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -f '../stow/pkg1/bin1/file1' && ! -e 'bin1'
    => 'unstow a simple tree' 
);

#
# unstow a simple tree from an existing directory
#
$stow = new_Stow();

make_dir('lib2');
make_dir('../stow/pkg2/lib2');
make_file('../stow/pkg2/lib2/file2');
make_link('lib2/file2', '../../stow/pkg2/lib2/file2');
$stow->plan_unstow('pkg2');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -f '../stow/pkg2/lib2/file2' && -d 'lib2'
    => 'unstow simple tree from a pre-existing directory' 
);

#
# fold tree after unstowing
#
$stow = new_Stow();

make_dir('bin3');

make_dir('../stow/pkg3a/bin3');
make_file('../stow/pkg3a/bin3/file3a');
make_link('bin3/file3a' => '../../stow/pkg3a/bin3/file3a'); # emulate stow

make_dir('../stow/pkg3b/bin3');
make_file('../stow/pkg3b/bin3/file3b');
make_link('bin3/file3b' => '../../stow/pkg3b/bin3/file3b'); # emulate stow
$stow->plan_unstow('pkg3b');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok( 
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -l 'bin3' &&
    readlink('bin3') eq '../stow/pkg3a/bin3' 
    => 'fold tree after unstowing'
);

#
# existing link is owned by stow but is invalid so it gets removed anyway
#
$stow = new_Stow();

make_dir('bin4');
make_dir('../stow/pkg4/bin4');
make_file('../stow/pkg4/bin4/file4');
make_invalid_link('bin4/file4', '../../stow/pkg4/bin4/does-not-exist');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg4');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    ! -e 'bin4/file4'
    => q(remove invalid link owned by stow)
);

#
# Existing link is not owned by stow
#
$stow = new_Stow();

make_dir('../stow/pkg5/bin5');
make_invalid_link('bin5', '../not-stow');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg5');
%conflicts = $stow->get_conflicts;
like(
    $conflicts{unstow}{pkg5}[-1],
    qr(existing target is not owned by stow)
    => q(existing link not owned by stow)
);

#
# Target already exists, is owned by stow, but points to a different package
#
$stow = new_Stow();

make_dir('bin6');
make_dir('../stow/pkg6a/bin6');
make_file('../stow/pkg6a/bin6/file6');
make_link('bin6/file6', '../../stow/pkg6a/bin6/file6');

make_dir('../stow/pkg6b/bin6');
make_file('../stow/pkg6b/bin6/file6');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg6b');
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -l 'bin6/file6' &&
    readlink('bin6/file6') eq '../../stow/pkg6a/bin6/file6'
    => q(ignore existing link that points to a different package)
);

#
# Don't unlink anything under the stow directory
#
make_dir('stow'); # make out stow dir a subdir of target
$stow = new_Stow(dir => 'stow');

# emulate stowing into ourself (bizarre corner case or accident)
make_dir('stow/pkg7a/stow/pkg7b');
make_file('stow/pkg7a/stow/pkg7b/file7b');
make_link('stow/pkg7b', '../stow/pkg7a/stow/pkg7b');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg7b');
is($stow->get_tasks, 0, 'no tasks to process when unstowing pkg7b');
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -l 'stow/pkg7b' &&
    readlink('stow/pkg7b') eq '../stow/pkg7a/stow/pkg7b'
    => q(don't unlink any nodes under the stow directory)
);

#
# Don't unlink any nodes under another stow directory
#
$stow = new_Stow(dir => 'stow');

make_dir('stow2'); # make our alternate stow dir a subdir of target
make_file('stow2/.stow');

# emulate stowing into ourself (bizarre corner case or accident)
make_dir('stow/pkg8a/stow2/pkg8b');
make_file('stow/pkg8a/stow2/pkg8b/file8b');
make_link('stow2/pkg8b', '../stow/pkg8a/stow2/pkg8b');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg8a');
is($stow->get_tasks, 0, 'no tasks to process when unstowing pkg8a');
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -l 'stow2/pkg8b' &&
    readlink('stow2/pkg8b') eq '../stow/pkg8a/stow2/pkg8b'
    => q(don't unlink any nodes under another stow directory)
);

#
# overriding already stowed documentation
#
$stow = new_Stow(override => ['man9', 'info9']);
make_file('stow/.stow');

make_dir('../stow/pkg9a/man9/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg9a/man9/man1/file9.1');
make_dir('man9/man1');
make_link('man9/man1/file9.1' => '../../../stow/pkg9a/man9/man1/file9.1'); # emulate stow

make_dir('../stow/pkg9b/man9/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg9b/man9/man1/file9.1');
$stow->plan_unstow('pkg9b');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok( 
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    !-l 'man9/man1/file9.1'
    => 'overriding existing documentation files'
);

#
# deferring to already stowed documentation
#
$stow = new_Stow(defer => ['man10', 'info10']);

make_dir('../stow/pkg10a/man10/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg10a/man10/man1/file10a.1');
make_dir('man10/man1');
make_link('man10/man1/file10a.1'  => '../../../stow/pkg10a/man10/man1/file10a.1');

# need this to block folding
make_dir('../stow/pkg10b/man10/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg10b/man10/man1/file10b.1');
make_link('man10/man1/file10b.1'  => '../../../stow/pkg10b/man10/man1/file10b.1');


make_dir('../stow/pkg10c/man10/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg10c/man10/man1/file10a.1');
$stow->plan_unstow('pkg10c');
is($stow->get_tasks, 0, 'no tasks to process when unstowing pkg10c');
ok( 
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    readlink('man10/man1/file10a.1') eq '../../../stow/pkg10a/man10/man1/file10a.1' 
    => 'defer to existing documentation files'
);

#
# Ignore temp files
#
$stow = new_Stow(ignore => ['~', '\.#.*']);

make_dir('../stow/pkg12/man12/man1');
make_file('../stow/pkg12/man12/man1/file12.1');
make_file('../stow/pkg12/man12/man1/file12.1~');
make_file('../stow/pkg12/man12/man1/.#file12.1');
make_dir('man12/man1');
make_link('man12/man1/file12.1'  => '../../../stow/pkg12/man12/man1/file12.1');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg12');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok( 
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    !-e 'man12/man1/file12.1'
    => 'ignore temp files'
);

#
# Unstow an already unstowed package
#
$stow = new_Stow();
$stow->plan_unstow('pkg12');
is($stow->get_tasks, 0, 'no tasks to process when unstowing pkg12');
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0
    => 'unstow already unstowed package pkg12'
);

#
# Unstow a never stowed package
#

eval { remove_dir("$OUT_DIR/target"); };
mkdir("$OUT_DIR/target");

$stow = new_Stow();
$stow->plan_unstow('pkg12');
is($stow->get_tasks, 0, 'no tasks to process when unstowing pkg12 which was never stowed');
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0
    => 'unstow never stowed package pkg12'
);

#
# Unstowing when target contains a real file shouldn't be an issue.
#
make_file('man12/man1/file12.1');

$stow = new_Stow();
$stow->plan_unstow('pkg12');
is($stow->get_tasks, 0, 'no tasks to process when unstowing pkg12 for third time');
%conflicts = $stow->get_conflicts;
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 1 &&
    $conflicts{unstow}{pkg12}[0]
        =~ m!existing target is neither a link nor a directory: man12/man1/file12\.1!
    => 'unstow pkg12 for third time'
);

#
# unstow a simple tree minimally when cwd isn't target
# 
cd('../..');
$stow = new_Stow(dir => "$OUT_DIR/stow", target => "$OUT_DIR/target");

make_dir("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg13/bin13");
make_file("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg13/bin13/file13");
make_link("$OUT_DIR/target/bin13", '../stow/pkg13/bin13');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg13');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -f "$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg13/bin13/file13" && ! -e "$OUT_DIR/target/bin13"
    => 'unstow a simple tree' 
);

#
# unstow a simple tree minimally with absolute stow dir when cwd isn't
# target
#
$stow = new_Stow(dir    => canon_path("$OUT_DIR/stow"),
                 target => "$OUT_DIR/target");

make_dir("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg14/bin14");
make_file("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg14/bin14/file14");
make_link("$OUT_DIR/target/bin14", '../stow/pkg14/bin14');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg14');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -f "$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg14/bin14/file14" && ! -e "$OUT_DIR/target/bin14"
    => 'unstow a simple tree with absolute stow dir'
);

#
# unstow a simple tree minimally with absolute stow AND target dirs
# when cwd isn't target
#
$stow = new_Stow(dir    => canon_path("$OUT_DIR/stow"),
                 target => canon_path("$OUT_DIR/target"));

make_dir("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg15/bin15");
make_file("$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg15/bin15/file15");
make_link("$OUT_DIR/target/bin15", '../stow/pkg15/bin15');

$stow->plan_unstow('pkg15');
$stow->process_tasks();
ok(
    $stow->get_conflict_count == 0 &&
    -f "$OUT_DIR/stow/pkg15/bin15/file15" && ! -e "$OUT_DIR/target/bin15"
    => 'unstow a simple tree with absolute stow and target dirs'
);

#
# unstow a tree with no-folding enabled -
# no refolding should take place
#
cd("$OUT_DIR/target");

sub create_and_stow_pkg {
    my ($id, $pkg) = @_;

    my $stow_pkg = "../stow/$id-$pkg";
    make_dir ($stow_pkg);
    make_file("$stow_pkg/$id-file-$pkg");

    # create a shallow hierarchy specific to this package and stow
    # via folding
    make_dir ("$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-folded");
    make_file("$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-folded/file-$pkg");
    make_link("$id-$pkg-only-folded", "$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-folded");

    # create a deeper hierarchy specific to this package and stow
    # via folding
    make_dir ("$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-folded2/subdir");
    make_file("$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-folded2/subdir/file-$pkg");
    make_link("$id-$pkg-only-folded2",
              "$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-folded2");

    # create a shallow hierarchy specific to this package and stow
    # without folding
    make_dir ("$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-unfolded");
    make_file("$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-unfolded/file-$pkg");
    make_dir ("$id-$pkg-only-unfolded");
    make_link("$id-$pkg-only-unfolded/file-$pkg",
              "../$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-unfolded/file-$pkg");

    # create a deeper hierarchy specific to this package and stow
    # without folding
    make_dir ("$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-unfolded2/subdir");
    make_file("$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-unfolded2/subdir/file-$pkg");
    make_dir ("$id-$pkg-only-unfolded2/subdir");
    make_link("$id-$pkg-only-unfolded2/subdir/file-$pkg",
              "../../$stow_pkg/$id-$pkg-only-unfolded2/subdir/file-$pkg");

    # create a shallow shared hierarchy which this package uses, and stow
    # its contents without folding
    make_dir ("$stow_pkg/$id-shared");
    make_file("$stow_pkg/$id-shared/file-$pkg");
    make_dir ("$id-shared");
    make_link("$id-shared/file-$pkg",
              "../$stow_pkg/$id-shared/file-$pkg");

    # create a deeper shared hierarchy which this package uses, and stow
    # its contents without folding
    make_dir ("$stow_pkg/$id-shared2/subdir");
    make_file("$stow_pkg/$id-shared2/file-$pkg");
    make_file("$stow_pkg/$id-shared2/subdir/file-$pkg");
    make_dir ("$id-shared2/subdir");
    make_link("$id-shared2/file-$pkg",
              "../$stow_pkg/$id-shared2/file-$pkg");
    make_link("$id-shared2/subdir/file-$pkg",
              "../../$stow_pkg/$id-shared2/subdir/file-$pkg");
}

foreach my $pkg (qw{a b}) {
    create_and_stow_pkg('no-folding', $pkg);
}

$stow = new_Stow('no-folding' => 1);
$stow->plan_unstow('no-folding-b');
is_deeply([ $stow->get_conflicts ], [] => 'no conflicts with --no-folding');
use Data::Dumper;
#warn Dumper($stow->get_tasks);

$stow->process_tasks();

is_nonexistent_path('no-folding-b-only-folded');
is_nonexistent_path('no-folding-b-only-folded2');
is_nonexistent_path('no-folding-b-only-unfolded/file-b');
is_nonexistent_path('no-folding-b-only-unfolded2/subdir/file-b');
is_dir_not_symlink('no-folding-shared');
is_dir_not_symlink('no-folding-shared2');
is_dir_not_symlink('no-folding-shared2/subdir');


# Todo
#
# Test cleaning up subdirs with --paranoid option
stow-2.2.0/t/ignore.t0000775000076400007640000002202711674343240011367 00000000000000#!/usr/local/bin/perl

#
# Testing ignore lists.
#

use strict;
use warnings;

use File::Temp qw(tempdir);
use Test::More tests => 287;

use testutil;
use Stow::Util qw(join_paths);

init_test_dirs();
cd("$OUT_DIR/target");

my $stow = new_Stow();

sub test_ignores {
    my ($stow_path, $package, $context, @tests) = @_;
    $context ||= '';
    while (@tests) {
        my $path          = shift @tests;
        my $should_ignore = shift @tests;
        my $not = $should_ignore ? '' : ' not';
        my $was_ignored = $stow->ignore($stow_path, $package, $path);
        is(
            $was_ignored, $should_ignore,
            "Should$not ignore $path $context"
        );
    }
}

sub test_local_ignore_list_always_ignored_at_top_level {
    my ($stow_path, $package, $context) = @_;
    test_ignores(
        $stow_path, $package, $context,
        $Stow::LOCAL_IGNORE_FILE             => 1,
        "subdir/" . $Stow::LOCAL_IGNORE_FILE => 0,
    );
}    

sub test_built_in_list {
    my ($stow_path, $package, $context, $expect_ignores) = @_;

    for my $ignored ('CVS', '.cvsignore', '#autosave#') {
        for my $path ($ignored, "foo/bar/$ignored") {
            my $suffix = "$path.suffix";
            (my $prefix = $path) =~ s!([^/]+)$!prefix.$1!;

            test_ignores(
                $stow_path, $package, $context,
                $path   => $expect_ignores,
                $prefix => 0,
                $suffix => 0,
            );
        }
    }

    # The pattern catching lock files allows suffixes but not prefixes
    for my $ignored ('.#lock-file') {
        for my $path ($ignored, "foo/bar/$ignored") {
            my $suffix = "$path.suffix";
            (my $prefix = $path) =~ s!([^/]+)$!prefix.$1!;

            test_ignores(
                $stow_path, $package, $context,
                $path   => $expect_ignores,
                $prefix => 0,
                $suffix => $expect_ignores,
            );
        }
    }
}

sub test_user_global_list {
    my ($stow_path, $package, $context, $expect_ignores) = @_;

    for my $path ('', 'foo/bar/') {
        test_ignores(
            $stow_path, $package, $context,
            $path . 'exact'       => $expect_ignores,
            $path . '0exact'      => 0,
            $path . 'exact1'      => 0,
            $path . '0exact1'     => 0,

            $path . 'substring'   => 0,
            $path . '0substring'  => 0,
            $path . 'substring1'  => 0,
            $path . '0substring1' => $expect_ignores,
        );
    }
}

sub setup_user_global_list {
    # Now test with global ignore list in home directory
    $ENV{HOME} = tempdir();
    make_file(join_paths($ENV{HOME}, $Stow::GLOBAL_IGNORE_FILE), <invalidate_memoized_regexp($local_ignore);
    return $local_ignore;
}

sub main {
    my $stow_path = '../stow';
    my $package;
    my $context;

    # Test built-in list first.  init_test_dirs() already set
    # $ENV{HOME} to ensure that we're not using the user's global
    # ignore list.
    $package = 'non-existent-package';
    $context = "when using built-in list";
    test_local_ignore_list_always_ignored_at_top_level($stow_path, $package, $context);
    test_built_in_list($stow_path, $package, $context, 1);

    # Test ~/.stow-global-ignore
    setup_user_global_list();
    $context = "when using ~/$Stow::GLOBAL_IGNORE_FILE";
    test_local_ignore_list_always_ignored_at_top_level($stow_path, $package, $context);
    test_built_in_list($stow_path, $package, $context, 0);
    test_user_global_list($stow_path, $package, $context, 1);

    # Test empty package-local .stow-local-ignore
    $package = 'ignorepkg';
    my $local_ignore = setup_package_local_list($stow_path, $package, "");
    $context = "when using empty $local_ignore";
    test_local_ignore_list_always_ignored_at_top_level($stow_path, $package, $context);
    test_built_in_list($stow_path, $package, $context, 0);
    test_user_global_list($stow_path, $package, $context, 0);
    test_ignores(
        $stow_path, $package, $context,
        'random'          => 0,
        'foo2/bar'        => 0,
        'foo2/bars'       => 0,
        'foo2/bar/random' => 0,
        'foo2/bazqux'     => 0,
        'xfoo2/bazqux'    => 0,
    );

    # Test package-local .stow-local-ignore with only path segment regexps
    $local_ignore = setup_package_local_list($stow_path, $package, < 1,
        'foo2/bar'        => 0,
        'foo2/bars'       => 0,
        'foo2/bar/random' => 1,
        'foo2/bazqux'     => 0,
        'xfoo2/bazqux'    => 0,
    );

    # Test package-local .stow-local-ignore with only full path regexps
    $local_ignore = setup_package_local_list($stow_path, $package, < 0,
        'foo2/bar'        => 1,
        'foo2/bars'       => 0,
        'foo2/bar/random' => 1,
        'foo2/bazqux'     => 0,
        'xfoo2/bazqux'    => 0,
    );

    # Test package-local .stow-local-ignore with a mixture of regexps
    $local_ignore = setup_package_local_list($stow_path, $package, < 1,
        'foo2/bar'        => 1,
        'foo2/bars'       => 0,
        'foo2/bar/random' => 1,
        'foo2/bazqux'     => 1,
        'xfoo2/bazqux'    => 0,
    );

    test_examples_in_manual($stow_path);
    test_invalid_regexp($stow_path, "Invalid segment regexp in list", < 1,
        );
    }

    for my $re ('bar', 'baz', 'qux', 'o/bar/b') {
        my $local_ignore = setup_package_local_list($stow_path, $package, "$re\n");
        test_ignores(
            $stow_path, $package, $context,
            "foo/bar/bazqux" => 0,
        );
    }
}

sub test_invalid_regexp {
    my ($stow_path, $context, $list) = @_;
    my $package = 'ignorepkg';

    my $local_ignore = setup_package_local_list($stow_path, $package, $list);
    eval {
        test_ignores(
            $stow_path, $package, $context,
            "foo/bar/bazqux" => 1,
        );
    };
    like($@, qr/^Failed to compile regexp: Quantifier follows nothing in regex;/,
         $context);
}

sub test_ignore_via_stow {
    my ($stow_path) = @_;

    my $package = 'pkg1';
    make_dir("$stow_path/$package/foo/bar");
    make_file("$stow_path/$package/foo/bar/baz");

    setup_package_local_list($stow_path, $package, 'foo');
    $stow->plan_stow($package);
    is($stow->get_tasks(),     0, 'top dir ignored');
    is($stow->get_conflicts(), 0, 'top dir ignored, no conflicts');

    make_dir("foo");
    for my $ignore ('bar', 'foo/bar', '/foo/bar', '^/foo/bar', '^/fo.+ar') {
        setup_package_local_list($stow_path, $package, $ignore);
        $stow->plan_stow($package);
        is($stow->get_tasks(), 0, "bar ignored via $ignore");
        is($stow->get_conflicts(), 0, 'bar ignored, no conflicts');
    }

    make_file("$stow_path/$package/foo/qux");
    $stow->plan_stow($package);
    $stow->process_tasks();
    is($stow->get_conflicts(), 0, 'no conflicts stowing qux');
    ok(! -e "foo/bar", "bar ignore prevented stow");
    ok(-l "foo/qux",   "qux not ignored and stowed");
    is(readlink("foo/qux"), "../$stow_path/$package/foo/qux", "qux stowed correctly");
}

main();
stow-2.2.0/t/cli_options.t0000775000076400007640000000333111702662750012425 00000000000000#!/usr/local/bin/perl 

#
# Test processing of CLI options.
#

use strict;
use warnings;

use Test::More tests => 9;

use testutil;

require 'stow';

init_test_dirs();

local @ARGV = (
    '-v',
    "-d $OUT_DIR/stow",
    "-t $OUT_DIR/target",
    'dummy'
);

my ($options, $pkgs_to_delete, $pkgs_to_stow) = process_options();

is($options->{verbose}, 1, 'verbose option');
is($options->{dir}, "$OUT_DIR/stow", 'stow dir option');

my $stow = new_Stow(%$options);

is($stow->{stow_path}, "../stow" => 'stow dir');
is_deeply($pkgs_to_stow, [ 'dummy' ] => 'default to stow');

#
# Check mixed up package options
#
local @ARGV = (
    '-v',
    '-D', 'd1', 'd2',
    '-S', 's1',
    '-R', 'r1',
    '-D', 'd3',
    '-S', 's2', 's3',
    '-R', 'r2',
);

($options, $pkgs_to_delete, $pkgs_to_stow) = process_options();
is_deeply($pkgs_to_delete, [ 'd1', 'd2', 'r1', 'd3', 'r2' ] => 'mixed deletes');
is_deeply($pkgs_to_stow,   [ 's1', 'r1', 's2', 's3', 'r2' ] => 'mixed stows');

#
# Check setting deferred paths
#
local @ARGV = (
    '--defer=man',
    '--defer=info',
    'dummy'
);
($options, $pkgs_to_delete, $pkgs_to_stow) = process_options();
is_deeply($options->{defer}, [ qr(\Aman), qr(\Ainfo) ] => 'defer man and info');

#
# Check setting override paths
#
local @ARGV = (
    '--override=man',
    '--override=info',
    'dummy'
);
($options, $pkgs_to_delete, $pkgs_to_stow) = process_options();
is_deeply($options->{override}, [qr(\Aman), qr(\Ainfo)] => 'override man and info');

#
# Check setting ignored paths
#
local @ARGV = (
    '--ignore=~',
    '--ignore=\.#.*',
    'dummy'
);
($options, $pkgs_to_delete, $pkgs_to_stow) = process_options();
is_deeply($options->{ignore}, [ qr(~\z), qr(\.#.*\z) ] => 'ignore temp files');


# vim:ft=perl
stow-2.2.0/README0000664000076400007640000000260411667450536010341 00000000000000This is GNU Stow, a program for managing the installation of software
packages, keeping them separate (/usr/local/stow/emacs vs.
/usr/local/stow/perl, for example) while making them appear to be
installed in the same place (/usr/local).  Stow doesn't store an extra
state between runs, so there's no danger of mangling directories when
file hierarchies don't match the database. Also, stow will never
delete any files, directories, or links that appear in a stow
directory, so it is always possible to rebuild the target tree.

See INSTALL for installation instructions.

You can get the latest information about Stow from
http://www.gnu.org/software/stow/stow.html

Stow was inspired by Carnegie Mellon's "Depot" program, but is substantially
simpler.  Whereas Depot requires database files to keep things in sync, Stow
stores no extra state between runs, so there's no danger (as there is in
Depot) of mangling directories when file hierarchies don't match the database.
Also unlike Depot, Stow will never delete any files, directories, or links
that appear in a Stow directory (e.g., /usr/local/stow/emacs), so it's always
possible to rebuild the target tree (e.g., /usr/local).

Stow is free software, licensed under the GNU General Public License, which
can be found in the file COPYING.

Please mail comments, questions, and criticisms to the current maintainers
via help-stow@gnu.org or bug-stow@gnu.org.
stow-2.2.0/configure.ac0000644000076400007640000000451411720005436011730 00000000000000dnl Process this file with Autoconf to produce configure dnl

AC_INIT([stow], [2.2.0], [bug-stow@gnu.org])
AC_PREREQ([2.61])
AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR([automake])
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# need to override the built-in `check' rule and also the TEXI2DVI
# variable.
AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([-Wall -Werror -Wno-override dist-bzip2])
AC_PROG_INSTALL

dnl Check for perl on our system.
dnl Call to AC_SUBST(PERL) is implicit
AC_PATH_PROGS([PERL], [perl] [perl5], [false])
if test "x$PERL" = xfalse
then
  AC_MSG_ERROR([Perl not found; check your \$PATH.])
fi

missing_test_deps=
for mod in Test::More Test::Output; do
  AC_MSG_CHECKING([$mod])
  if $PERL -M$mod -e 1 2>/dev/null
  then
    AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
  else
    AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
    missing_test_deps="$missing_test_deps $mod"
  fi
done

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#
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#
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#
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AC_CONFIG_COMMANDS_POST([[
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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
! WARNING!  $PERL was missing modules:
!
!   $missing_test_deps
!
! The test suite will fail.  'make install' may still render
! a working installation, but this cannot be guaranteed.
!
! Please (re-)read INSTALL, then install the missing modules
! and try again.
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 

EOF
  fi
]])
AC_SUBST([PMDIR])

AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile])
AC_OUTPUT
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stow-2.2.0/ChangeLog0000644000076400007640000011524611720005524011217 00000000000000Sat Feb 18 17:08:19 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Bump version to 2.2.0

      M META.json
      M META.yml
      M NEWS
      M configure.ac

Sat Feb 18 20:13:32 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add --no-folding option.

      M NEWS
      M bin/stow.in
      M doc/stow.texi
      M lib/Stow.pm.in
      M t/stow.t
      M t/testutil.pm
      M t/unstow.t

Sat Feb 18 14:20:07 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Remove -a option for safety reasons (but keep --adopt).

      M NEWS
      M bin/stow.in
      M doc/stow.texi

Sat Feb 18 20:12:14 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Improve error message when package is not found.

      M NEWS
      M lib/Stow.pm.in

Sat Feb 18 20:19:05 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Use make_invalid_link() to reliably setup symlink fixtures.

      M NEWS
      M t/chkstow.t
      M t/cleanup_invalid_links.t
      M t/stow.t
      M t/testutil.pm
      M t/unstow.t
      M t/unstow_orig.t

Sat Feb 18 15:47:36 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add documentation improvements to NEWS.

      M NEWS

Sat Feb 18 17:07:15 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Update TODO

      M TODO

Sat Feb 18 20:32:40 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Last known bug was fixed a long time ago :-)

      M doc/stow.texi

Sat Feb 18 15:47:19 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Update structure of manual to match recommended texinfo structure. 
    TOC now appears after title page. Copying information is no
    longer duplicated.


      M doc/stow.texi

Sat Feb 18 15:46:14 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix various formatting issues in the manual.

      M doc/stow.texi

Sat Feb 18 15:45:49 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add some more index entries to the manual.

      M doc/stow.texi

Sat Feb 18 15:45:16 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add some @sections to the manual to break larger nodes up.

      M doc/stow.texi

Sat Feb 18 15:17:21 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Use @command / @samp / @env / @var in the manual where appropriate,
    rather than @code.

      M doc/stow.texi

Sat Feb 18 15:03:52 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix formatting of regexp values in the manual.

      M doc/stow.texi

Sat Feb 18 14:15:14 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add --adopt to usage text.

      M bin/stow.in

Sat Feb 18 14:11:33 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Improve ordering of options in usage text.

      M bin/stow.in

Sat Feb 18 14:08:17 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add missing options to pod, and reference to front-end documentation.

      M lib/Stow.pm.in

Sat Feb 18 14:07:45 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Ignore tmp-testing-trees anywhere.

      M .gitignore
      M MANIFEST.SKIP

Sat Feb 18 12:28:00 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Make shared library tests match real-world scenarios. Typically,
    libfoo.so.X.Y.Z is the file, and libfoo.so is the symlink which
    points to it.


      M t/stow.t

Sat Feb 18 11:53:46 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Include --simulate in usage text.

      M bin/stow.in

Fri Jan 13 11:34:55 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Avoid "Use of uninitialized value" warnings from test suite. Happened
    on some versions of Perl when TEST_VERBOSE not yet. Thanks Adam
    Sampson!


      M lib/Stow.pm.in

Thu Jan 12 17:54:32 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Remove reference to old FSF address (thank you rpmlint for catching
    this!)

      M bin/stow.in

Wed Jan 11 14:01:40 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Remove "There are no outstanding operations to perform" warning. This
    is more in keeping with the UNIX convention of no output on
    success, and is also the way Stow v1.x behaved.  Thanks to Adam
    Sampson for the suggestion.


      M NEWS
      M THANKS
      M lib/Stow.pm.in
      M t/stow.t
      M t/unstow.t
      M t/unstow_orig.t

Tue Jan 10 12:17:58 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix wrong version number in NEWS.

      M NEWS

Mon Jan 9 21:39:35 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Bump version to 2.1.3

      M META.json
      M META.yml
      M NEWS
      M configure.ac

Mon Jan 9 21:32:31 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Rename test files to reflect their purpose.

      M MANIFEST
      A t/stow.t
      D t/stow_contents.t
      A t/unstow.t
      D t/unstow_contents.t
      D t/unstow_contents_orig.t
      A t/unstow_orig.t

Mon Jan 9 21:31:46 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Rename stow.t to be more consistent with its purpose.

      M MANIFEST
      A t/cli_options.t
      D t/stow.t

Mon Jan 9 22:10:19 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * perl Build.PL needs a prefix during testing

      M doc/HOWTO-RELEASE

Mon Jan 9 21:25:35 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add --adopt / -a option.

      M NEWS
      M bin/stow.in
      M doc/stow.texi
      M lib/Stow.pm.in
      M lib/Stow/Util.pm
      M t/stow_contents.t
      M t/testutil.pm

Mon Jan 9 21:11:58 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add stacktrace to internal error report to aid debugging.

      M lib/Stow.pm.in

Mon Jan 9 18:32:06 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Use get_conflict_count() in tests since get_conflicts() no longer
    returns a flat structure.

      M t/cleanup_invalid_links.t
      M t/examples.t
      M t/stow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t

Mon Jan 9 17:52:11 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Link to website to encourage users to report bugs.

      M lib/Stow.pm.in

Mon Jan 9 16:42:40 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Improve readability of NEWS file when viewed raw.

      M NEWS

Mon Jan 9 16:25:27 2012 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Improve existing comments.

      M lib/Stow.pm.in

Wed Dec 21 11:45:59 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Improve the footnote which defines 'subpath'.

      M doc/stow.texi

Wed Dec 21 11:45:43 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add another ignore example to the manual and test suite.

      M doc/stow.texi
      M t/ignore.t

Thu Dec 15 21:14:07 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix some incorrect CPAN meta-data about the project.

      M Build.PL
      M META.json
      M META.yml

Tue Dec 13 16:12:29 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Make configure check for Perl modules required by test suite.

      M NEWS
      M configure.ac

Sun Dec 11 13:23:37 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Make stow script return true for t/stow.t According to
    http://matrix.cpantesters.org/?dist=Stow this only seems to be an
    issue with Perl <= 5.8.7.


      M bin/stow.in

Sun Dec 11 13:12:32 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Automate check for 'use lib' line in bin/stow.

      M Build.PL
      M doc/HOWTO-RELEASE

Tue Dec 6 18:30:28 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Bump version to 2.1.2.

      M META.json
      M META.yml
      M configure.ac

Wed Dec 7 20:28:28 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Significantly improve the handling of --with-pmdir.

      M INSTALL
      M Makefile.am
      M NEWS
      M bin/stow.in
      M configure.ac
      M doc/HOWTO-RELEASE

Wed Dec 7 01:20:07 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Make capitalisation consistent in usage text.

      M bin/stow.in

Wed Dec 7 20:31:18 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Abort ./configure if we can't find Perl.

      M NEWS
      M configure.ac

Wed Dec 7 01:23:41 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Ensure the ChangeLog is up-to-date when making a new distribution. 
    Thanks to Stefano Lattarini for this suggestion.


      M Makefile.am
      M NEWS
      M doc/HOWTO-RELEASE

Wed Dec 7 00:38:16 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Use maintainer-clean-local rule, not maintainer-clean.

      M Makefile.am

Tue Dec 6 18:20:03 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * `make clean' shouldn't remove files which the user may not be able to
    rebuild.

      M Makefile.am

Tue Dec 6 10:35:31 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Bump version to 2.1.1

      M META.json
      M META.yml
      M NEWS
      M configure.ac

Tue Dec 6 17:33:41 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Ignore .mrdownload files from my `download' plugin to Joey Hess' mr
    utility.

      M MANIFEST.SKIP

Tue Dec 6 17:30:58 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add a workaround for not being able to ensure that git commit
    triggers ChangeLog update.

      M doc/HOWTO-RELEASE

Tue Dec 6 17:24:44 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Show when ChangeLog is rebuilt.

      M Makefile.am

Tue Dec 6 17:22:21 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix release instructions regarding CPAN distribution.

      M doc/HOWTO-RELEASE

Tue Dec 6 17:08:21 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Refill paragraph in README.

      M README

Tue Dec 6 17:08:13 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Don't duplicate information from INSTALL.

      M README

Tue Dec 6 17:07:29 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Document installation via Module::Build.

      M INSTALL

Tue Dec 6 17:06:59 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Document prerequisites for installation.

      M INSTALL

Tue Dec 6 17:04:50 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * chkstow was missing from Module::Build install.

      M Build.PL

Tue Dec 6 17:04:37 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * File::Slurp is no longer used.

      M Build.PL
      M META.json
      M META.yml

Tue Dec 6 16:20:52 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix automake issues (thanks to Stefano Lattarini for spotting these!)

      M Build.PL
      M Makefile.am
      M NEWS
      M THANKS

Tue Dec 6 16:47:32 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add $(PDF) and $(HTML) variables.

      M Makefile.am

Tue Dec 6 16:39:57 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add *.orig to MANIFEST.SKIP.

      M MANIFEST.SKIP

Tue Dec 6 15:57:36 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Ditch deprecated AM_MAINTAINER_MODE.

      M aclocal.m4
      M configure.ac

Tue Dec 6 15:56:43 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add licensing changes to TODO.

      M TODO

Tue Dec 6 15:41:33 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add bug-reporting email address and a couple of URLs to usage text to
    comply with GNU Coding Standards for --help option.

      M bin/stow.in

Tue Dec 6 15:57:20 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Calculated the correct default value for pmdir based on the local
    Perl installation.

      M NEWS
      M configure.ac

Tue Dec 6 10:33:34 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fixed bug where --with-pmdir was ineffectual.

      M Makefile.am
      M NEWS
      M configure.ac

Sun Dec 4 14:57:34 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Change @dircategory to `System administration' as suggested by Karl
    Berry.

      M doc/stow.texi

Sat Dec 3 18:13:09 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add git push and update of online documentation to HOWTO-RELEASE.

      M doc/HOWTO-RELEASE

Sat Dec 3 17:51:48 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Release announcements should go to stow-devel too.

      M doc/HOWTO-RELEASE

Sat Dec 3 17:51:44 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix error in gnupload command-line.

      M doc/HOWTO-RELEASE

Sat Dec 3 17:09:48 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add a missing space.

      M AUTHORS

Sat Dec 3 16:40:20 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add a missing hyperlink to the Stow homepage.

      M doc/stow.texi

Sat Dec 3 14:03:58 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Give up on automake's built-in rules for generating PDF and HTML and
    use our own. Also include split version of the manual.

      M .gitignore
      M MANIFEST
      M MANIFEST.SKIP
      M Makefile.am
      M NEWS

Sat Dec 3 02:07:19 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Update reference to maintainer.

      M AUTHORS
      M README
      M doc/stow.texi

Sat Dec 3 01:30:08 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Temporarily remove PDF from dist_doc_DATA due to automake issue. 
    http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.sysutils.automake.general/13192

    This means that it is still included in the distribution and 
    installed, but is only automatically (re)built when making a new
    distribution - if stow.texi changes during development, it has to
    be rebuilt manually via 'make pdf'.


      M MANIFEST
      M MANIFEST.SKIP
      M Makefile.am

Sat Dec 3 00:54:05 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Module::Build generates archive files with 'v' for version

      M MANIFEST.SKIP

Fri Dec 2 14:55:44 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add TODOs for .rpm and .deb support.

      M TODO

Thu Dec 1 18:03:16 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add doc/version.texi to distribution.

      M Makefile.am

Thu Dec 1 17:25:24 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Switch to renaming to manual via install hook as suggested by Stefano
    Lattarini 
    http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.sysutils.automake.general/13191


      M MANIFEST
      M MANIFEST.SKIP
      M Makefile.am

Thu Dec 1 16:23:04 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix corner case where only -d is specified as a single directory.

      M bin/stow.in

Mon Nov 28 23:20:14 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add result of ./Build dist to .gitignore

      M .gitignore

Mon Nov 28 23:18:58 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Synchronise CPAN MANIFEST files with automake distribution list.

      M MANIFEST
      M MANIFEST.SKIP

Mon Nov 28 23:18:36 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Ignore split page version of HTML manual.

      M .gitignore

Mon Nov 28 23:17:50 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Don't duplicate stow.texi to manual.texi.

      M MANIFEST
      M MANIFEST.SKIP
      M Makefile.am

Sat Nov 26 18:55:10 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Improve debug levels.

      M lib/Stow.pm.in
      M lib/Stow/Util.pm

Sat Nov 26 18:24:35 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add a TODO concerning .nonstow.

      M TODO

Sat Nov 26 18:15:26 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add HOWTO-RELEASE

      A doc/HOWTO-RELEASE

Thu Nov 24 01:27:41 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add NEWS entry for 2.1.0

      M NEWS

Thu Nov 24 00:26:50 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Bump version to 2.1.0

      M META.json
      M META.yml
      M configure.ac

Fri Nov 25 15:23:08 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix documentation regarding splitting of symlinks across multiple
    stow directories.

      M doc/stow.texi
      M lib/Stow.pm.in

Fri Nov 25 15:14:07 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Tidy up chkstow code and documentation.

      M bin/chkstow.in
      M doc/stow.texi

Fri Nov 25 15:03:46 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add chkstow to NEWS

      M NEWS

Fri Nov 25 14:45:28 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add comment to manual about test_examples_in_manual() in t/ignore.t.

      M doc/stow.texi

Sat Nov 26 16:32:25 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Remove quote stripping code. I'm guessing it was added due to a
    misunderstanding of how shell quoting works.  When you invoke

       stow --ignore=".#.*" ...

    the shell strips out the quotes before the Perl process ever sees
    them. I can't imagine any sensible scenario in which you would
    need to invoke

       stow --ignore='"foo"'

    but if the user has a filename containing quotes at the beginning
    and end, they can now choose to ignore it (prior to this patch,
    they couldn't).


      M bin/stow.in
      M t/stow.t

Thu Nov 24 22:49:22 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Improve conflict reporting

      M bin/stow.in
      M lib/Stow.pm.in
      M t/stow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t

Thu Nov 24 18:05:57 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Sync up .gitignore and MANIFEST* with recent changes.

      M .gitignore
      M MANIFEST
      M MANIFEST.SKIP

Thu Nov 24 20:47:39 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Ditch obsolete --conflicts option and update misleading
    documentation.

      M bin/stow.in
      M doc/stow.texi
      M lib/Stow.pm.in

Thu Nov 24 17:00:33 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Auto-generate ChangeLog from git

      M .gitignore
      D ChangeLog
      M Makefile.am
      A doc/ChangeLog.OLD

Thu Nov 24 16:59:45 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Sort .gitignore alphabetically

      M .gitignore

Thu Nov 24 16:59:26 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add some missing stuff to .gitignore

      M .gitignore

Thu Nov 24 16:22:11 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Distribute .tar.gz and .tar.bz2 but not .shar.gz

      M Makefile.am
      M configure.ac

Thu Nov 24 16:32:01 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Numerous fixes so that `make distcheck' succeeds. Moves temporary
    test trees into a separate directory.

      M .gitignore
      M Makefile.am
      M configure.ac
      M t/chkstow.t
      M t/cleanup_invalid_links.t
      M t/defer.t
      M t/examples.t
      M t/find_stowed_path.t
      M t/foldable.t
      M t/ignore.t
      M t/stow.t
      M t/stow_contents.t
      M t/testutil.pm
      M t/unstow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t

Thu Nov 24 00:45:29 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Strip superfluous quotes from $hash{'lookups'}

      M bin/stow.in
      M lib/Stow.pm.in
      M t/chkstow.t
      M t/stow.t

Thu Nov 24 17:15:02 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Tidy up the copyright attributions in the manual.

      M doc/stow.texi

Thu Nov 24 17:14:51 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix some minor issues in the manual.

      M doc/stow.texi

Thu Nov 24 17:33:36 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add HTML and PDF versions of manual to distribution.

      M .gitignore
      M Makefile.am

Wed Nov 23 23:45:48 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add support for ignore lists.

      M AUTHORS
      M Makefile.am
      M TODO
      A default-ignore-list
      M doc/stow.texi
      M lib/Stow.pm.in
      M lib/Stow/Util.pm
      M t/chkstow.t
      M t/cleanup_invalid_links.t
      M t/examples.t
      M t/find_stowed_path.t
      M t/foldable.t
      A t/ignore.t
      M t/stow.t
      M t/stow_contents.t
      M t/testutil.pm
      M t/unstow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t

Tue Nov 22 15:59:07 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Rename $old_* to $existing_*

      M lib/Stow.pm.in

Tue Nov 22 15:50:12 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Rename protected_dir() to marked_stow_dir().

      M lib/Stow.pm.in

Tue Nov 22 15:48:08 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Rename should_skip_stow_dir_target() to
    should_skip_target_which_is_stow_dir()

      M lib/Stow.pm.in

Tue Nov 22 15:46:05 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Be clearer when we're not actually (un)stowing, just planning.

      M lib/Stow.pm.in

Tue Nov 22 14:29:52 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add another test to join_paths.t

      M t/join_paths.t

Tue Nov 22 14:29:42 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Clean up coding style in tests

      M t/chkstow.t
      M t/cleanup_invalid_links.t
      M t/find_stowed_path.t
      M t/join_paths.t
      M t/parent.t

Tue Nov 22 14:28:37 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Avoid use of map in void context

      M bin/stow.in

Mon Nov 21 23:24:02 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add a comment about a relative weakness of compat mode.

      M lib/Stow.pm.in

Mon Nov 21 23:23:43 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Test stow/unstow with stow dir / target dir as absolute paths.

      M t/stow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t

Mon Nov 21 23:21:48 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix more inconsistencies in coding style.

      M lib/Stow.pm.in

Mon Nov 21 23:15:47 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix typos

      M lib/Stow.pm.in

Mon Nov 21 22:08:52 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix/remove some outdated TODOs

      M TODO

Mon Nov 21 18:04:58 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add build-time dependencies on Test::More and Test::Output.

      M Build.PL
      M META.json
      M META.yml
      M TODO

Mon Nov 21 14:48:58 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add MYMETA.* to .gitignore

      M .gitignore

Mon Nov 21 14:46:27 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add .dirstamp and stamp-vti to .gitignore

      M .gitignore

Thu Nov 24 16:52:50 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Convert man page to POD format which is easier to maintain within
    stow.in.

      M .gitignore
      M Makefile.am
      M bin/stow.in
      D doc/stow.8

Mon Nov 21 13:59:36 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Reorganise more files into subdirectories and add CPAN support via
    Module::Build

      A Build.PL
      A MANIFEST
      A MANIFEST.SKIP
      A META.json
      A META.yml
      M Makefile.am
      A automake/install-sh
      A automake/mdate-sh
      A automake/missing
      A bin/chkstow.in
      A bin/stow.in
      D chkstow.in
      M configure.ac
      A doc/stow.8
      A doc/stow.texi
      A doc/texinfo.tex
      D install-sh
      D mdate-sh
      D missing
      D stow.8
      D stow.in
      D stow.texi
      D texinfo.tex

Mon Nov 21 14:07:39 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add myself (Adam) to AUTHORS and THANKS ;-)

      M AUTHORS
      M THANKS

Thu Nov 24 16:28:09 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Major refactoring of code into separate Stow and Stow::Util Perl
    modules

      M .gitignore
      M Makefile.am
      M TODO
      M configure.ac
      A lib/Stow.pm.in
      A lib/Stow/Util.pm
      M stow.in
      M t/chkstow.t
      M t/cleanup_invalid_links.t
      M t/defer.t
      M t/examples.t
      M t/find_stowed_path.t
      M t/foldable.t
      M t/join_paths.t
      M t/parent.t
      M t/stow.t
      M t/stow_contents.t
      A t/testutil.pm
      M t/unstow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t
      D t/util.pm

Fri Nov 18 15:09:39 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix indentation in Makefile.am

      M Makefile.am

Fri Nov 18 11:24:36 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Test unstowing when target contains a real file generates a conflict.

      M t/unstow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t

Thu Nov 17 20:11:06 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Test unstowing stuff which doesn't exist in the target tree.

      M t/unstow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t

Thu Nov 17 20:11:32 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add a missing conflict if we tried to unstow a file in compat mode.

      M stow.in

Fri Nov 18 12:00:05 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Remove setting of verbosity from tests

      M t/cleanup_invalid_links.t
      M t/examples.t
      M t/foldable.t
      M t/stow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t

Fri Nov 18 11:14:50 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Make 'verbose' option default to 0 in testmode.

      M stow.in

Fri Nov 18 10:48:48 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add protection against stowing into stow dirs

      M stow.in
      M t/stow_contents.t

Fri Nov 18 10:34:23 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Debug stow dir in stow/unstow contents routines

      M stow.in

Fri Nov 18 10:33:08 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Trace individual cases separately when skipping stow dirs during
    unstow.

      M stow.in

Fri Nov 18 10:29:15 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Allow TEST_VERBOSE to control level of verbosity. Defaults to 3. 
    'verbose' option now has precedence if set.

      M stow.in

Thu Nov 17 20:32:48 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Debug when skipping over stow directories

      M stow.in

Thu Nov 17 20:10:42 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add debug when target to be unstowed doesn't exist

      M stow.in

Thu Nov 17 20:09:42 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add comments justifying is_a_node($target) check in
    unstow_contents().

      M stow.in

Thu Nov 17 19:33:09 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Test unstowing an already unstowed package

      M t/unstow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t

Thu Nov 17 19:10:02 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix incorrect comments.

      M stow.in

Thu Nov 17 19:04:10 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Sync t/unstow_contents{,_orig}.t

      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t

Thu Nov 17 18:46:32 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Debug with maximum verbosity to STDOUT when running tests.

      M stow.in
      M t/util.pm

Thu Nov 17 18:46:13 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Refactored reset_state() into t/util.pm

      M t/cleanup_invalid_links.t
      M t/examples.t
      M t/stow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t
      M t/util.pm

Thu Nov 17 18:24:53 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Refactored is_a_{link,dir,node}() code.

      M stow.in

Thu Nov 17 17:23:04 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Improve tree splitting comments.

      M stow.in

Thu Nov 17 16:39:02 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Don't tolerate '' as value for $target parameter to (un)stow_contents

      M stow.in
      M t/stow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t

Thu Nov 17 16:37:37 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add debug tracing to helper routines

      M stow.in

Thu Nov 17 16:35:57 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix Parameters comments.

      M stow.in

Thu Nov 17 19:47:20 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Improve debug output

      M stow.in

Thu Nov 17 15:32:51 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Clarify meaning of `--defer' in the manual.

      M stow.texi

Thu Nov 17 15:22:58 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Finish "Deferred Operation" section in manual.

      M TODO
      M stow.texi

Thu Nov 17 14:17:24 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix inconsistencies in coding style.

      M stow.in
      M t/util.pm

Thu Nov 17 14:12:14 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Set cperl-indent-level to 4

      M stow.in

Thu Nov 17 14:12:12 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Simplify GetOptions() code

      M stow.in

Thu Nov 17 13:26:04 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Refactor verbosity-controlled output to STDERR into debug()
    subroutine.

      M stow.in

Thu Nov 17 12:45:36 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix broken 'make install' due to man page being duplicated in
    install-man8 target

      M Makefile.am

Wed Nov 16 16:52:03 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Stow directory now defaults to STOW_DIR environment variable if set.

      M ChangeLog
      M stow.8
      M stow.in
      M stow.texi

Wed Nov 16 15:57:17 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Use File::Spec->abs2rel() instead of home-grown relative_path which
    actually gets some inputs wrong (e.g. "/" relative to "/")

      M Makefile.am
      M stow.in
      D t/relative_path.t

Wed Nov 16 15:51:54 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add a bunch of stuff to the TODO

      M TODO

Wed Nov 16 15:42:42 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add FIXME for Deferred Operation section in manual.

      M TODO
      M stow.texi

Wed Nov 16 15:40:46 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix indentation issues in NEWS

      M NEWS

Wed Nov 16 15:38:47 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Switch NEWS and TODO to org-mode. org-mode has been included in emacs
    by default for a long time and is much more friendly than
    outline-mode.  No impact to non-emacs users.


      M NEWS
      M TODO

Wed Nov 16 15:22:12 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Stow now requires Perl 5.6.1 or newer, due to use of 'our'.

      M README
      M chkstow.in
      M stow.in

Wed Nov 16 15:20:21 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Troy is the maintainer now.

      M AUTHORS
      M README
      M TODO
      M stow.texi

Wed Nov 16 14:59:58 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix typos

      M AUTHORS
      M TODO
      M stow.in
      M stow.texi
      M t/relative_path.t
      M t/unstow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t

Wed Nov 16 15:16:53 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Catch warnings in tests when no outstanding operations to perform.
    Tests now all pass completely cleanly.

      M t/stow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t

Wed Nov 16 15:07:26 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix %Options typo in several tests

      M t/cleanup_invalid_links.t
      M t/examples.t
      M t/stow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents.t
      M t/unstow_contents_orig.t

Wed Nov 16 15:04:21 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix t/stow.t

      M t/stow.t

Wed Nov 16 14:51:38 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix chkstow.t

      M chkstow.in
      M t/chkstow.t

Wed Nov 16 14:46:31 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add #! header to t/util.pm for benefit of editor mode selection

      M t/util.pm

Wed Nov 16 14:45:56 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Fix chkstow.in for emacs users

      M chkstow.in

Wed Nov 16 14:34:02 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Support ./configure --disable-maintainer-mode to optionally avoid
    auto-reconfiguring on make.

      M aclocal.m4
      M configure.ac

Wed Nov 16 14:31:32 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Run autoreconf with more recent GNU autotools.

      M aclocal.m4

Wed Nov 16 14:30:55 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add test target to Makefile

      M Makefile.am

Thu Nov 24 16:55:43 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Remove auto-generated files from git.

      M .gitignore
      D Makefile.in
      D configure
      D stamp-vti
      D stow.info
      D version.texi

Wed Nov 16 14:30:39 2011 +0000  Adam Spiers 

    * Add .gitignore

      A .gitignore

Sun Apr 12 23:04:33 2009 -0700  Troy Will 

    * made numeric argument to --verbose optional

      M stow.in

Sun Apr 12 21:59:24 2009 -0700  Troy Will 

    * Remove stow, config.status, config.log, Makefile

      D Makefile
      D config.log
      D config.status
      D stow
Thu Jan 31 2008  Kahlil Hodgson  

	* stow.texi: Austin Wood and Chris Hoobin clean this up for version 2.

	* texi2man: new script by Austin and Chris to generate a man page from the
	texinfo file.


Sun Nov 25 19:31:32 2007  Kahlil Hodgson 
	* all: Version 2.0.1

	* AUTHORS: added Kahlil Hodgson as a new author and current maintainer.

	* stow.in: major rewrite to produce version 2.0.1 see NEWS for details
	
	* t/: added test suite and support code
	
	* configure.in: renamed to configure.ac as per autotools recommendation.

	* configure.ac: 
	Use AC_INT rather than obsolete AM_INTI_MAKEFILE usage.
	Remove redundant VERSION and PACKAGE setttings
	Remove redundant AC_ARG_PROGRAM
	Use AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([-Wall -Werror]) because we are pedantic.
	Add AC_PREREQ([2.6.1])
	
	* Makefile.am, configure.ac: 
	Use explicit rewrite in Makefile.am, rather than AC_CONFIG_FILES(stow.in),
	as per autotools recommendation.

	* Makefile.am: 
	Add TESTS and TEST_ENVIRONMENT for files in t/
	Use dist_man_MANS instead of EXTRA_DIST for man page 

	* INSTALL: update to reflect autotools modernization.

	* NEWS: update to describe cahnges in Version 2.0.1.

	* README: update to point to the right websites and email addresses.
	
	* THANKS: 
	Add Emil Mikulc who's ideas largely inspired Version 2 and 
	and Geoffrey Giesemann who did some initial testing and found some
	important bugs.

	* TODO: remove tasks that where implemented in Version 2

	* stow.texi: update documentation to reflect Version 2 changes.
	
	* stow.8: update to reflect Version 2 changes.

Sat Jan 26 16:15:21 2002  Guillaume Morin  

    * stow.in: if $ENV{'STOW_DIR'} is set, this becomes the default
      Stow directory.

Sun Jan 06 12:18:50 2002  Guillaume Morin  

    * Makefile.am: use EXTRA_DIST to include manpage in distribution

Wed Jan 02 21:33:41 2002  Guillaume Morin  

    * stow.in: Stow now only warns the user if a subdirectory
      is unreadable during unstowing.

Wed Jan 02 20:58:05 2002  Guillaume Morin  

    * stow.in: fixed JoinPaths so that subdirs called "0" are
      correctly pushed. Thanks a lot to Gergely Nagy
       who patiently helped me to chase 
      this bug.

Sun Dec 30 21:58:25 2001  Guillaume Morin  

    * stow.in: fixed a bug introduced by previous changes when
      Target argument was relative. (thanks to Luca Filipozzi
       for pointing this out)
	   
Sun Dec 30 18:23:25 2001  Guillaume Morin  

    * stow.in: now requires Perl 5. Use POSIX getcwd instead of broken
      fastcwd. Fixed bug when CommonParent is /. Stow does not remove
      initially empty directories anymore.
	
Sun Dec 30 18:07:51 2001  Guillaume Morin  

    * configure.in: automake fixes (fp_ -> AC, +AC_INIT_AUTOMAKE)

Fri Oct 11 22:09:45 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* stow.html, configure.in: Version 1.3.2.

	* README, stow.texi: Correct the URL again.

Fri Oct 11 18:20:42 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* configure.in: Version 1.3.1.

	* stow.html: Update Stow manual URL.  Mention version 1.3.1.

	* README: Update Stow URL.

	* Makefile.am: stow-manual.html -> manual.html.

	* stow.texi:
	Add a reference to the Stow home page on the GNU web server.  Change
	several occurrences of "which" to "that" for grammatical superiority.

Wed Oct  9 00:34:07 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* Makefile.am:
	Add maintainer-only rules for stow-manual.html and stow-manual.texi.

Wed Oct  9 00:32:31 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* README: Refer to the new location for the Stow home page.

	* stow.html: Make it right for the GNU web server.

Tue Oct  8 21:54:09 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* stow.texi: Document --restow

	* stow.in: Add --restow (-R) option

	* configure.in: Add "perl4" to search for Perl binary.
	Bump version number to 1.3.

Mon Jun 24 23:23:03 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* stow.texi: Delete trailing whitespace.

Fri Jun 21 19:44:26 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* Makefile.am:
	Don't explicitly mention version.texi.  Automake now does it
 	automagically, by noticing the `@include version.texi' in
 	stow.texi.  Awesome.

	* stow.texi:
	Use @include instead of @input.  This is more Texinfoid, plus
	allows Automake to automatically deduce the need for
	version.texi.

	* stow.in:
	Elide trailing slashes from package names, then complain if
	package names have slashes in them.

Tue Jun 18 23:19:04 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* README: Call it "Gnu Stow".

Tue Jun 18 22:15:45 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* configure.in:
	Bump version number to 1.2.

	Look for Perl under the names `perl' and `perl5'.  If not found,
	print a warning.

	* stow.texi:
	Add a section about bootstrapping.  Add text about hacking Gnu
	Make output.

	* INSTALL:
	Describe what happens when Perl isn't found during `configure'.

Mon Jun 17 19:43:25 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* THANKS: Thank Fritz.

Fri Jun 14 19:18:50 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* AUTHORS: Credit John Bazik and Gord Matzigkeit.

	* stow.texi: Remove a "known bug" -- the pwd dependency is gone.

	* stow.in:
	Use fastcwd, from fastcwd.pl (which is GPL'd), to remove
 	dependency on an external pwd binary.  Suggested by Gord
	Matzigkeit.

	* stow.in: Add a missing comma.

Thu Jun 13 21:52:10 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* stow.in:
	Change three occurrences of `my' to `local' for Perl 4
	compatibility.

Thu Jun 13 18:07:37 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* configure.in: Bump version number to 1.1.

	* Makefile.am:
	Add `stow' to the list of clean targets.  Don't redirect output
 	directly into a make target.

	* AUTHORS, README:
	Use  as the contact address.

	* TODO: New file.

	* stow.in:
	Refer to "Gnu Stow" in a few places.  Use 
 	as the contact address.  Handle long and short options.  Handle
 	`version' and `help' options.  Refer to "packages," not
 	"collections," for consistency with the manual.

	* stow.texi:
	Refer to "Gnu Stow" in a few places.  Use 
 	as the contact address.  Add sections on Reporting bugs and Known
 	bugs.  Create a master menu.  Minor rewording.  Remove the period
 	from a node name.

	* TODO, THANKS: New files.

Mon Jun 10 14:44:13 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* NEWS: Create NEWS file for release.  1.0 now ready.

	* stow.texi: Big revisions in preparation for release.

Sun Jun  9 15:47:19 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* stow.in: Enhance argument parsing, losing Perl 4 support in the
	process.
	(later) Perl 4 support restored.

Fri Jun  7 12:13:33 1996  Bob Glickstein  

	* Created stow, formerly "depot."
stow-2.2.0/Makefile.am0000664000076400007640000001745011667747772011535 00000000000000## Process this file with Automake to produce Makefile.in

bin_SCRIPTS = bin/stow bin/chkstow
info_TEXINFOS = doc/stow.texi
dist_man_MANS = doc/stow.8
PDF = doc/manual.pdf
HTML = doc/manual-single.html
dist_doc_DATA = \
	README \
	$(PDF) $(HTML) doc/version.texi \
	ChangeLog doc/ChangeLog.OLD

pmdir = $(PMDIR)
pm_DATA = lib/Stow.pm
pmstowdir = $(pmdir)/Stow
dist_pmstow_DATA = lib/Stow/Util.pm

TEXINFO_TEX = doc/texinfo.tex
export TEXI2DVI_BUILD_MODE = clean
AM_MAKEINFOFLAGS = -I $(srcdir)

# We require this -I parameter to ensure that the include of the
# default ignore list in the manual works.  Unfortunately this is
# the only way to do it:
#
#   http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.sysutils.automake.bugs/4334/match=passing+parameters
#
# even though it annoyingly produces a warning with the -Wall option
# to AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE which has to be silenced via -Wno-override.
TEXI2DVI = texi2dvi $(AM_MAKEINFOFLAGS)

doc_deps = $(info_TEXINFOS) doc/version.texi

DEFAULT_IGNORE_LIST = $(srcdir)/default-ignore-list

TESTS_DIR = $(srcdir)/t
TESTS_OUT = tmp-testing-trees
TESTS_ENVIRONMENT = $(PERL) -Ibin -Ilib -I$(TESTS_DIR)

# This is a kind of hack; TESTS needs to be set to ensure that the
# `check-am' target makes check-TESTS, but we override check-TESTS
# so it doesn't really matter what it's set to, as long as it already
# exists (otherwise automake will try to build it).
TESTS = t

# GNU autotools standardised on the 'check' target, but CPAN (and the
# rest of the world) standardised on the 'test' target.
test: check

# required in vpath mode to ensure $build/t/ exists
check_DATA = $(TESTS_OUT)

# Test::Harness produces cleaner output than automake's default test
# harness, albeit without the pretty colours provided by the
# `color-tests' AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE option.  This also dodges having to
# set TESTS to the full list of tests, which is good because automake
# doesn't support wildcards, and so it would be too easy to forget to
# add a new one to the list.
#
# Note that automake's `check' rule cannot be overridden
# for some weird reason:
#
#   http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.sysutils.automake.general/13040/focus=13041
#
# so we override check-TESTS instead which is where the real work is
# done anyway.  Unfortunately this produces a warning with the -Wall
# option to AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE which has to be silenced via
# -Wno-override.
check-TESTS:
	dir=$(TESTS_DIR); \
	$(TESTS_ENVIRONMENT) -MTest::Harness -e 'runtests(@ARGV)' "$${dir#./}"/*.t

$(TESTS_OUT):
	mkdir -p $@

CPAN_FILES = MANIFEST MANIFEST.SKIP Build.PL META.yml META.json
EXTRA_DIST = \
	bin/stow.in bin/chkstow.in lib/Stow.pm.in \
	doc/manual-split \
	$(TESTS) t/testutil.pm \
	$(TEXINFO_TEX) \
	$(DEFAULT_IGNORE_LIST) \
	$(CPAN_FILES)
CLEANFILES = $(bin_SCRIPTS) $(pm_DATA)
MAINTAINERCLEANFILES = $(dist_man_MANS) $(HTML) $(PDF) ChangeLog

# clean up auto-generated files
clean-local:
	-rm -rf $(TESTS_OUT)
maintainer-clean-local:
	-rm -rf doc/manual-split

# this is more explicit and reliable than the config file trick
edit = sed -e 's|[@]PERL[@]|$(PERL)|g'       \
	   -e 's|[@]VERSION[@]|$(VERSION)|g' \
	   -e "s|[@]USE_LIB_PMDIR[@]|$$use_lib_pmdir|g"

pmdir_in_INC = \
	PERL5LIB= $(PERL) -V | \
	    awk '/@INC/ {p=1; next} p==1 {print $$1}' | \
	    grep -q "$(pmdir)"

calc_use_lib_pmdir = \
	if $(pmdir_in_INC); then \
	    use_lib_pmdir=""; \
	else \
	    use_lib_pmdir="use lib \"$(pmdir)\";"; \
	fi

check_pmdir = \
	echo; \
	echo "\# Perl modules will be installed to $(pmdir)"; \
	echo "\# "; \
	if $(pmdir_in_INC); then \
	    echo "\# This is in $(PERL)'s built-in @INC, so everything"; \
	    echo "\# should work fine with no extra effort."; \
	else \
	    echo "\# This is not in $(PERL)'s built-in @INC, so the"; \
	    echo "\# front-end scripts will have an appropriate \"use lib\""; \
	    echo "\# line inserted to compensate."; \
	fi; \
	echo

bin/stow: bin/stow.in Makefile
	[ -d bin ] || mkdir bin # required in vpath mode
	@$(check_pmdir)
	@$(calc_use_lib_pmdir); \
	$(edit) < $< > $@
	@echo "Generated $@ from $<"
	chmod +x $@

bin/chkstow: bin/chkstow.in Makefile
	@[ -d bin ] || mkdir bin # required in vpath mode
	@$(edit) < $< > $@
	@echo "Generated $@ from $<"
	chmod +x $@

lib/Stow.pm: lib/Stow.pm.in $(DEFAULT_IGNORE_LIST) Makefile
	@[ -d lib ] || mkdir lib # required in vpath mode
	@( $(edit) < $<; cat $(DEFAULT_IGNORE_LIST) ) > $@
	@echo "Generated $@ from $< and $(DEFAULT_IGNORE_LIST)"

##############################################################################
# The below rules should only be needed by developers.
##############################################################################

doc/stow.8: bin/stow.in
	[ -d doc ] || mkdir doc # required in vpath mode
	pod2man $< > $@

# We use automake's built-in rule to generate stow.info.  The built-in
# rules would also generate doc/stow.html and doc/stow.pdf, but after
# installation we want $(docdir) (typically /usr/share/doc/stow/) to
# contain manual-single.html, manual.pdf, and manual-split/*.html, to
# make it explicitly obvious that these files contain the user manual
# rather than some other Stow-related documentation.
#
# If it were not for a troublesome dependency on doc/$(am__dirstamp):
#
#   http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.sysutils.automake.general/13192
#
# we could have achieved this using the built-in rules combined with
# install-data-hook to rename from stow.pdf to manual.pdf etc. on
# install.  Instead, by overriding the built-in rules with modified
# versions, we can kill both birds with one stone.

$(HTML): $(doc_deps)
	[ -d doc ] || mkdir doc # required in vpath mode
	-rm -f $@
	texi2html --P=$(srcdir) --output=$@ -expandinfo -menu -monolithic -verbose $<

$(PDF): $(doc_deps)
	TEXINPUTS="$(am__TEXINFO_TEX_DIR)$(PATH_SEPARATOR)$$TEXINPUTS" \
	MAKEINFO='$(MAKEINFO) $(AM_MAKEINFOFLAGS) $(MAKEINFOFLAGS) -I doc -I $(srcdir)/doc' \
	$(TEXI2PDF) -o $@ `test -f 'doc/stow.texi' || echo '$(srcdir)/'`doc/stow.texi

doc/manual-split: $(doc_deps)
	rm -rf $@.new
	if $(MAKEINFOHTML) $(AM_MAKEINFOHTMLFLAGS) $(MAKEINFOFLAGS) -I doc -I $(srcdir)/doc \
	 -o $@.new `test -f 'doc/stow.texi' || echo '$(srcdir)/'`doc/stow.texi; \
	then \
	  rm -rf $@; \
	  mv $@.new $@; \
	else \
	  rm -Rf $@.new $@; \
	  exit 1; \
	fi

# The split version of the manual is copied to $(docdir)/manual-split
# by install-data-hook.  The whole subdirectory is included via
# EXTRA_DIST in order to avoid having to list each file explicitly in
# dist_doc_DATA, since automake doesn't support wildcards, and
# dist_doc_DATA cannot refer to directories while EXTRA_DIST can (go
# figure ...)

install-data-hook: doc/manual-split
	cp -r $(srcdir)/doc/manual-split $(DESTDIR)$(docdir)

uninstall-hook:
	chmod u+w -R $(DESTDIR)$(docdir)/manual-split
	rm -rf $(DESTDIR)$(docdir)/manual-split

# Using install-data-hook has the slightly annoying disadvantage that
# by default the split version of the manual isn't automatically
# rebuilt during development by a simple `make'.  A workaround hack
# for this is to piggy-back the dependency onto manual-single.html,
# which *is* automatically rebuilt by `make':
$(HTML): doc/manual-split

# With the above hack, this probably isn't necessary but is safer to
# keep in anyway:
dist-hook: doc/manual-split

dist-hook: $(dist_man_MANS)
## If we are creating a distribution from a git checkout, ensure
## the ChangeLog file is in sync the git repository.
	if test -d $(top_srcdir)/.git; then \
	  rm -f ChangeLog \
	    && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) ChangeLog \
	    && cp -f ChangeLog $(distdir)/ChangeLog; \
	fi

ChangeLog: doc/ChangeLog.OLD
	@if [ -d .git ]; then \
	    ( \
	        git log \
		    --format="format:%ad  %aN <%aE>%n%n    * %w(70,0,4)%s%+b%n" \
		    --name-status \
		    v2.0.2..HEAD \
                | sed 's/^\([A-Z]\)\t/      \1 /'; \
	        cat $< \
	    ) > $@; \
	    echo "Rebuilt $@ from git commit history."; \
	else \
	    echo "Not in a git repository; can't update ChangeLog."; \
	fi
stow-2.2.0/Makefile.in0000644000076400007640000011674211720005463011516 00000000000000# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.11.1 from Makefile.am.
# @configure_input@

# Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002,
# 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009  Free Software Foundation,
# Inc.
# This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation
# gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
# with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.

# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law; without
# even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
# PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

@SET_MAKE@


VPATH = @srcdir@
pkgdatadir = $(datadir)/@PACKAGE@
pkgincludedir = $(includedir)/@PACKAGE@
pkglibdir = $(libdir)/@PACKAGE@
pkglibexecdir = $(libexecdir)/@PACKAGE@
am__cd = CDPATH="$${ZSH_VERSION+.}$(PATH_SEPARATOR)" && cd
install_sh_DATA = $(install_sh) -c -m 644
install_sh_PROGRAM = $(install_sh) -c
install_sh_SCRIPT = $(install_sh) -c
INSTALL_HEADER = $(INSTALL_DATA)
transform = $(program_transform_name)
NORMAL_INSTALL = :
PRE_INSTALL = :
POST_INSTALL = :
NORMAL_UNINSTALL = :
PRE_UNINSTALL = :
POST_UNINSTALL = :
subdir = .
DIST_COMMON = README $(am__configure_deps) $(dist_doc_DATA) \
	$(dist_man_MANS) $(dist_pmstow_DATA) $(srcdir)/Makefile.am \
	$(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(srcdir)/doc/stamp-vti \
	$(srcdir)/doc/version.texi $(top_srcdir)/configure AUTHORS \
	COPYING ChangeLog INSTALL NEWS THANKS TODO automake/install-sh \
	automake/mdate-sh automake/missing
ACLOCAL_M4 = $(top_srcdir)/aclocal.m4
am__aclocal_m4_deps = $(top_srcdir)/configure.ac
am__configure_deps = $(am__aclocal_m4_deps) $(CONFIGURE_DEPENDENCIES) \
	$(ACLOCAL_M4)
am__CONFIG_DISTCLEAN_FILES = config.status config.cache config.log \
 configure.lineno config.status.lineno
mkinstalldirs = $(install_sh) -d
CONFIG_CLEAN_FILES =
CONFIG_CLEAN_VPATH_FILES =
am__vpath_adj_setup = srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's|.|.|g'`;
am__vpath_adj = case $$p in \
    $(srcdir)/*) f=`echo "$$p" | sed "s|^$$srcdirstrip/||"`;; \
    *) f=$$p;; \
  esac;
am__strip_dir = f=`echo $$p | sed -e 's|^.*/||'`;
am__install_max = 40
am__nobase_strip_setup = \
  srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*|]/\\\\&/g'`
am__nobase_strip = \
  for p in $$list; do echo "$$p"; done | sed -e "s|$$srcdirstrip/||"
am__nobase_list = $(am__nobase_strip_setup); \
  for p in $$list; do echo "$$p $$p"; done | \
  sed "s| $$srcdirstrip/| |;"' / .*\//!s/ .*/ ./; s,\( .*\)/[^/]*$$,\1,' | \
  $(AWK) 'BEGIN { files["."] = "" } { files[$$2] = files[$$2] " " $$1; \
    if (++n[$$2] == $(am__install_max)) \
      { print $$2, files[$$2]; n[$$2] = 0; files[$$2] = "" } } \
    END { for (dir in files) print dir, files[dir] }'
am__base_list = \
  sed '$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;s/\n/ /g' | \
  sed '$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;$$!N;s/\n/ /g'
am__installdirs = "$(DESTDIR)$(bindir)" "$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)" \
	"$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)" "$(DESTDIR)$(docdir)" \
	"$(DESTDIR)$(pmstowdir)" "$(DESTDIR)$(pmdir)"
SCRIPTS = $(bin_SCRIPTS)
SOURCES =
DIST_SOURCES =
am__dirstamp = $(am__leading_dot)dirstamp
INFO_DEPS = $(srcdir)/doc/stow.info
am__TEXINFO_TEX_DIR = $(srcdir)/doc
DVIS = doc/stow.dvi
PDFS = doc/stow.pdf
PSS = doc/stow.ps
HTMLS = doc/stow.html
TEXINFOS = doc/stow.texi
TEXI2PDF = $(TEXI2DVI) --pdf --batch
MAKEINFOHTML = $(MAKEINFO) --html
AM_MAKEINFOHTMLFLAGS = $(AM_MAKEINFOFLAGS)
DVIPS = dvips
man8dir = $(mandir)/man8
NROFF = nroff
MANS = $(dist_man_MANS)
DATA = $(dist_doc_DATA) $(dist_pmstow_DATA) $(pm_DATA)
am__tty_colors = \
red=; grn=; lgn=; blu=; std=
DISTFILES = $(DIST_COMMON) $(DIST_SOURCES) $(TEXINFOS) $(EXTRA_DIST)
distdir = $(PACKAGE)-$(VERSION)
top_distdir = $(distdir)
am__remove_distdir = \
  { test ! -d "$(distdir)" \
    || { find "$(distdir)" -type d ! -perm -200 -exec chmod u+w {} ';' \
         && rm -fr "$(distdir)"; }; }
DIST_ARCHIVES = $(distdir).tar.gz $(distdir).tar.bz2
GZIP_ENV = --best
distuninstallcheck_listfiles = find . -type f -print
distcleancheck_listfiles = find . -type f -print
ACLOCAL = @ACLOCAL@
AMTAR = @AMTAR@
AUTOCONF = @AUTOCONF@
AUTOHEADER = @AUTOHEADER@
AUTOMAKE = @AUTOMAKE@
AWK = @AWK@
CYGPATH_W = @CYGPATH_W@
DEFS = @DEFS@
ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@
ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@
ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@
INSTALL = @INSTALL@
INSTALL_DATA = @INSTALL_DATA@
INSTALL_PROGRAM = @INSTALL_PROGRAM@
INSTALL_SCRIPT = @INSTALL_SCRIPT@
INSTALL_STRIP_PROGRAM = @INSTALL_STRIP_PROGRAM@
LIBOBJS = @LIBOBJS@
LIBS = @LIBS@
LTLIBOBJS = @LTLIBOBJS@
MAKEINFO = @MAKEINFO@
MKDIR_P = @MKDIR_P@
PACKAGE = @PACKAGE@
PACKAGE_BUGREPORT = @PACKAGE_BUGREPORT@
PACKAGE_NAME = @PACKAGE_NAME@
PACKAGE_STRING = @PACKAGE_STRING@
PACKAGE_TARNAME = @PACKAGE_TARNAME@
PACKAGE_URL = @PACKAGE_URL@
PACKAGE_VERSION = @PACKAGE_VERSION@
PATH_SEPARATOR = @PATH_SEPARATOR@
PERL = @PERL@
PMDIR = @PMDIR@
SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@
SHELL = @SHELL@
STRIP = @STRIP@
VERSION = @VERSION@
abs_builddir = @abs_builddir@
abs_srcdir = @abs_srcdir@
abs_top_builddir = @abs_top_builddir@
abs_top_srcdir = @abs_top_srcdir@
am__leading_dot = @am__leading_dot@
am__tar = @am__tar@
am__untar = @am__untar@
bindir = @bindir@
build_alias = @build_alias@
builddir = @builddir@
datadir = @datadir@
datarootdir = @datarootdir@
docdir = @docdir@
dvidir = @dvidir@
exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@
host_alias = @host_alias@
htmldir = @htmldir@
includedir = @includedir@
infodir = @infodir@
install_sh = @install_sh@
libdir = @libdir@
libexecdir = @libexecdir@
localedir = @localedir@
localstatedir = @localstatedir@
mandir = @mandir@
mkdir_p = @mkdir_p@
oldincludedir = @oldincludedir@
pdfdir = @pdfdir@
prefix = @prefix@
program_transform_name = @program_transform_name@
psdir = @psdir@
sbindir = @sbindir@
sharedstatedir = @sharedstatedir@
srcdir = @srcdir@
sysconfdir = @sysconfdir@
target_alias = @target_alias@
top_build_prefix = @top_build_prefix@
top_builddir = @top_builddir@
top_srcdir = @top_srcdir@
bin_SCRIPTS = bin/stow bin/chkstow
info_TEXINFOS = doc/stow.texi
dist_man_MANS = doc/stow.8
PDF = doc/manual.pdf
HTML = doc/manual-single.html
dist_doc_DATA = \
	README \
	$(PDF) $(HTML) doc/version.texi \
	ChangeLog doc/ChangeLog.OLD

pmdir = $(PMDIR)
pm_DATA = lib/Stow.pm
pmstowdir = $(pmdir)/Stow
dist_pmstow_DATA = lib/Stow/Util.pm
TEXINFO_TEX = doc/texinfo.tex
AM_MAKEINFOFLAGS = -I $(srcdir)

# We require this -I parameter to ensure that the include of the
# default ignore list in the manual works.  Unfortunately this is
# the only way to do it:
#
#   http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.sysutils.automake.bugs/4334/match=passing+parameters
#
# even though it annoyingly produces a warning with the -Wall option
# to AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE which has to be silenced via -Wno-override.
TEXI2DVI = texi2dvi $(AM_MAKEINFOFLAGS)
doc_deps = $(info_TEXINFOS) doc/version.texi
DEFAULT_IGNORE_LIST = $(srcdir)/default-ignore-list
TESTS_DIR = $(srcdir)/t
TESTS_OUT = tmp-testing-trees
TESTS_ENVIRONMENT = $(PERL) -Ibin -Ilib -I$(TESTS_DIR)

# This is a kind of hack; TESTS needs to be set to ensure that the
# `check-am' target makes check-TESTS, but we override check-TESTS
# so it doesn't really matter what it's set to, as long as it already
# exists (otherwise automake will try to build it).
TESTS = t

# required in vpath mode to ensure $build/t/ exists
check_DATA = $(TESTS_OUT)
CPAN_FILES = MANIFEST MANIFEST.SKIP Build.PL META.yml META.json
EXTRA_DIST = \
	bin/stow.in bin/chkstow.in lib/Stow.pm.in \
	doc/manual-split \
	$(TESTS) t/testutil.pm \
	$(TEXINFO_TEX) \
	$(DEFAULT_IGNORE_LIST) \
	$(CPAN_FILES)

CLEANFILES = $(bin_SCRIPTS) $(pm_DATA)
MAINTAINERCLEANFILES = $(dist_man_MANS) $(HTML) $(PDF) ChangeLog

# this is more explicit and reliable than the config file trick
edit = sed -e 's|[@]PERL[@]|$(PERL)|g'       \
	   -e 's|[@]VERSION[@]|$(VERSION)|g' \
	   -e "s|[@]USE_LIB_PMDIR[@]|$$use_lib_pmdir|g"

pmdir_in_INC = \
	PERL5LIB= $(PERL) -V | \
	    awk '/@INC/ {p=1; next} p==1 {print $$1}' | \
	    grep -q "$(pmdir)"

calc_use_lib_pmdir = \
	if $(pmdir_in_INC); then \
	    use_lib_pmdir=""; \
	else \
	    use_lib_pmdir="use lib \"$(pmdir)\";"; \
	fi

check_pmdir = \
	echo; \
	echo "\# Perl modules will be installed to $(pmdir)"; \
	echo "\# "; \
	if $(pmdir_in_INC); then \
	    echo "\# This is in $(PERL)'s built-in @INC, so everything"; \
	    echo "\# should work fine with no extra effort."; \
	else \
	    echo "\# This is not in $(PERL)'s built-in @INC, so the"; \
	    echo "\# front-end scripts will have an appropriate \"use lib\""; \
	    echo "\# line inserted to compensate."; \
	fi; \
	echo

all: all-am

.SUFFIXES:
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am--refresh:
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$(srcdir)/Makefile.in:  $(srcdir)/Makefile.am  $(am__configure_deps)
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	      exit 1;; \
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	echo ' cd $(top_srcdir) && $(AUTOMAKE) --gnu Makefile'; \
	$(am__cd) $(top_srcdir) && \
	  $(AUTOMAKE) --gnu Makefile
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	  *config.status*) \
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	    $(SHELL) ./config.status;; \
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$(top_builddir)/config.status: $(top_srcdir)/configure $(CONFIG_STATUS_DEPENDENCIES)
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$(top_srcdir)/configure:  $(am__configure_deps)
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$(ACLOCAL_M4):  $(am__aclocal_m4_deps)
	$(am__cd) $(srcdir) && $(ACLOCAL) $(ACLOCAL_AMFLAGS)
$(am__aclocal_m4_deps):
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	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
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	@list='$(bin_SCRIPTS)'; test -n "$(bindir)" || list=; \
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	sed -e 'p;s,.*/,,;n' \
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	    -e 'p;x;s,.*/,,;$(transform)' | sed 'N;N;N;s,\n, ,g' | \
	$(AWK) 'BEGIN { files["."] = ""; dirs["."] = 1; } \
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	while read type dir files; do \
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	; done

uninstall-binSCRIPTS:
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	@list='$(bin_SCRIPTS)'; test -n "$(bindir)" || exit 0; \
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	test -n "$$list" || exit 0; \
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	cd "$(DESTDIR)$(bindir)" && rm -f $$files
doc/$(am__dirstamp):
	@$(MKDIR_P) doc
	@: > doc/$(am__dirstamp)

$(srcdir)/doc/stow.info: doc/stow.texi $(srcdir)/doc/version.texi
	restore=: && backupdir="$(am__leading_dot)am$$$$" && \
	am__cwd=`pwd` && $(am__cd) $(srcdir) && \
	rm -rf $$backupdir && mkdir $$backupdir && \
	if ($(MAKEINFO) --version) >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
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	    if test -f $$f; then mv $$f $$backupdir; restore=mv; else :; fi; \
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	cd "$$am__cwd"; \
	if $(MAKEINFO) $(AM_MAKEINFOFLAGS) $(MAKEINFOFLAGS) -I doc -I $(srcdir)/doc \
	 -o $@ $(srcdir)/doc/stow.texi; \
	then \
	  rc=0; \
	  $(am__cd) $(srcdir); \
	else \
	  rc=$$?; \
	  $(am__cd) $(srcdir) && \
	  $$restore $$backupdir/* `echo "./$@" | sed 's|[^/]*$$||'`; \
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	rm -rf $$backupdir; exit $$rc

doc/stow.dvi: doc/stow.texi $(srcdir)/doc/version.texi doc/$(am__dirstamp)
	TEXINPUTS="$(am__TEXINFO_TEX_DIR)$(PATH_SEPARATOR)$$TEXINPUTS" \
	MAKEINFO='$(MAKEINFO) $(AM_MAKEINFOFLAGS) $(MAKEINFOFLAGS) -I doc -I $(srcdir)/doc' \
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doc/stow.pdf: doc/stow.texi $(srcdir)/doc/version.texi doc/$(am__dirstamp)
	TEXINPUTS="$(am__TEXINFO_TEX_DIR)$(PATH_SEPARATOR)$$TEXINPUTS" \
	MAKEINFO='$(MAKEINFO) $(AM_MAKEINFOFLAGS) $(MAKEINFOFLAGS) -I doc -I $(srcdir)/doc' \
	$(TEXI2PDF) -o $@ `test -f 'doc/stow.texi' || echo '$(srcdir)/'`doc/stow.texi

doc/stow.html: doc/stow.texi $(srcdir)/doc/version.texi doc/$(am__dirstamp)
	rm -rf $(@:.html=.htp)
	if $(MAKEINFOHTML) $(AM_MAKEINFOHTMLFLAGS) $(MAKEINFOFLAGS) -I doc -I $(srcdir)/doc \
	 -o $(@:.html=.htp) `test -f 'doc/stow.texi' || echo '$(srcdir)/'`doc/stow.texi; \
	then \
	  rm -rf $@; \
	  if test ! -d $(@:.html=.htp) && test -d $(@:.html=); then \
	    mv $(@:.html=) $@; else mv $(@:.html=.htp) $@; fi; \
	else \
	  if test ! -d $(@:.html=.htp) && test -d $(@:.html=); then \
	    rm -rf $(@:.html=); else rm -Rf $(@:.html=.htp) $@; fi; \
	  exit 1; \
	fi
$(srcdir)/doc/version.texi:  $(srcdir)/doc/stamp-vti
$(srcdir)/doc/stamp-vti: doc/stow.texi $(top_srcdir)/configure
	test -f doc/$(am__dirstamp) || $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) doc/$(am__dirstamp)
	@(dir=.; test -f ./doc/stow.texi || dir=$(srcdir); \
	set `$(SHELL) $(top_srcdir)/automake/mdate-sh $$dir/doc/stow.texi`; \
	echo "@set UPDATED $$1 $$2 $$3"; \
	echo "@set UPDATED-MONTH $$2 $$3"; \
	echo "@set EDITION $(VERSION)"; \
	echo "@set VERSION $(VERSION)") > vti.tmp
	@cmp -s vti.tmp $(srcdir)/doc/version.texi \
	  || (echo "Updating $(srcdir)/doc/version.texi"; \
	      cp vti.tmp $(srcdir)/doc/version.texi)
	-@rm -f vti.tmp
	@cp $(srcdir)/doc/version.texi $@

mostlyclean-vti:
	-rm -f vti.tmp

maintainer-clean-vti:
	-rm -f $(srcdir)/doc/stamp-vti $(srcdir)/doc/version.texi
.dvi.ps:
	TEXINPUTS="$(am__TEXINFO_TEX_DIR)$(PATH_SEPARATOR)$$TEXINPUTS" \
	$(DVIPS) -o $@ $<

uninstall-dvi-am:
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	@list='$(DVIS)'; test -n "$(dvidir)" || list=; \
	for p in $$list; do \
	  $(am__strip_dir) \
	  echo " rm -f '$(DESTDIR)$(dvidir)/$$f'"; \
	  rm -f "$(DESTDIR)$(dvidir)/$$f"; \
	done

uninstall-html-am:
	@$(NORMAL_UNINSTALL)
	@list='$(HTMLS)'; test -n "$(htmldir)" || list=; \
	for p in $$list; do \
	  $(am__strip_dir) \
	  echo " rm -rf '$(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)/$$f'"; \
	  rm -rf "$(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)/$$f"; \
	done

uninstall-info-am:
	@$(PRE_UNINSTALL)
	@if test -d '$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)' && \
	    (install-info --version && \
	     install-info --version 2>&1 | sed 1q | grep -i -v debian) >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
	  list='$(INFO_DEPS)'; \
	  for file in $$list; do \
	    relfile=`echo "$$file" | sed 's|^.*/||'`; \
	    echo " install-info --info-dir='$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)' --remove '$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/$$relfile'"; \
	    if install-info --info-dir="$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)" --remove "$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/$$relfile"; \
	    then :; else test ! -f "$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/$$relfile" || exit 1; fi; \
	  done; \
	else :; fi
	@$(NORMAL_UNINSTALL)
	@list='$(INFO_DEPS)'; \
	for file in $$list; do \
	  relfile=`echo "$$file" | sed 's|^.*/||'`; \
	  relfile_i=`echo "$$relfile" | sed 's|\.info$$||;s|$$|.i|'`; \
	  (if test -d "$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)" && cd "$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)"; then \
	     echo " cd '$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)' && rm -f $$relfile $$relfile-[0-9] $$relfile-[0-9][0-9] $$relfile_i[0-9] $$relfile_i[0-9][0-9]"; \
	     rm -f $$relfile $$relfile-[0-9] $$relfile-[0-9][0-9] $$relfile_i[0-9] $$relfile_i[0-9][0-9]; \
	   else :; fi); \
	done

uninstall-pdf-am:
	@$(NORMAL_UNINSTALL)
	@list='$(PDFS)'; test -n "$(pdfdir)" || list=; \
	for p in $$list; do \
	  $(am__strip_dir) \
	  echo " rm -f '$(DESTDIR)$(pdfdir)/$$f'"; \
	  rm -f "$(DESTDIR)$(pdfdir)/$$f"; \
	done

uninstall-ps-am:
	@$(NORMAL_UNINSTALL)
	@list='$(PSS)'; test -n "$(psdir)" || list=; \
	for p in $$list; do \
	  $(am__strip_dir) \
	  echo " rm -f '$(DESTDIR)$(psdir)/$$f'"; \
	  rm -f "$(DESTDIR)$(psdir)/$$f"; \
	done

dist-info: $(INFO_DEPS)
	@srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's|.|.|g'`; \
	list='$(INFO_DEPS)'; \
	for base in $$list; do \
	  case $$base in \
	    $(srcdir)/*) base=`echo "$$base" | sed "s|^$$srcdirstrip/||"`;; \
	  esac; \
	  if test -f $$base; then d=.; else d=$(srcdir); fi; \
	  base_i=`echo "$$base" | sed 's|\.info$$||;s|$$|.i|'`; \
	  for file in $$d/$$base $$d/$$base-[0-9] $$d/$$base-[0-9][0-9] $$d/$$base_i[0-9] $$d/$$base_i[0-9][0-9]; do \
	    if test -f $$file; then \
	      relfile=`expr "$$file" : "$$d/\(.*\)"`; \
	      test -f "$(distdir)/$$relfile" || \
		cp -p $$file "$(distdir)/$$relfile"; \
	    else :; fi; \
	  done; \
	done

mostlyclean-aminfo:
	-rm -rf stow.aux stow.cp stow.cps stow.fn stow.fns stow.ky stow.kys \
	  stow.log stow.pg stow.pgs stow.tmp stow.toc stow.tp stow.tps \
	  stow.vr stow.vrs

clean-aminfo:
	-test -z "doc/stow.dvi doc/stow.pdf doc/stow.ps doc/stow.html" \
	|| rm -rf doc/stow.dvi doc/stow.pdf doc/stow.ps doc/stow.html

maintainer-clean-aminfo:
	@list='$(INFO_DEPS)'; for i in $$list; do \
	  i_i=`echo "$$i" | sed 's|\.info$$||;s|$$|.i|'`; \
	  echo " rm -f $$i $$i-[0-9] $$i-[0-9][0-9] $$i_i[0-9] $$i_i[0-9][0-9]"; \
	  rm -f $$i $$i-[0-9] $$i-[0-9][0-9] $$i_i[0-9] $$i_i[0-9][0-9]; \
	done
install-man8: $(dist_man_MANS)
	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
	test -z "$(man8dir)" || $(MKDIR_P) "$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)"
	@list=''; test -n "$(man8dir)" || exit 0; \
	{ for i in $$list; do echo "$$i"; done; \
	l2='$(dist_man_MANS)'; for i in $$l2; do echo "$$i"; done | \
	  sed -n '/\.8[a-z]*$$/p'; \
	} | while read p; do \
	  if test -f $$p; then d=; else d="$(srcdir)/"; fi; \
	  echo "$$d$$p"; echo "$$p"; \
	done | \
	sed -e 'n;s,.*/,,;p;h;s,.*\.,,;s,^[^8][0-9a-z]*$$,8,;x' \
	      -e 's,\.[0-9a-z]*$$,,;$(transform);G;s,\n,.,' | \
	sed 'N;N;s,\n, ,g' | { \
	list=; while read file base inst; do \
	  if test "$$base" = "$$inst"; then list="$$list $$file"; else \
	    echo " $(INSTALL_DATA) '$$file' '$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)/$$inst'"; \
	    $(INSTALL_DATA) "$$file" "$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)/$$inst" || exit $$?; \
	  fi; \
	done; \
	for i in $$list; do echo "$$i"; done | $(am__base_list) | \
	while read files; do \
	  test -z "$$files" || { \
	    echo " $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files '$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)'"; \
	    $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files "$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)" || exit $$?; }; \
	done; }

uninstall-man8:
	@$(NORMAL_UNINSTALL)
	@list=''; test -n "$(man8dir)" || exit 0; \
	files=`{ for i in $$list; do echo "$$i"; done; \
	l2='$(dist_man_MANS)'; for i in $$l2; do echo "$$i"; done | \
	  sed -n '/\.8[a-z]*$$/p'; \
	} | sed -e 's,.*/,,;h;s,.*\.,,;s,^[^8][0-9a-z]*$$,8,;x' \
	      -e 's,\.[0-9a-z]*$$,,;$(transform);G;s,\n,.,'`; \
	test -z "$$files" || { \
	  echo " ( cd '$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)' && rm -f" $$files ")"; \
	  cd "$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)" && rm -f $$files; }
install-dist_docDATA: $(dist_doc_DATA)
	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
	test -z "$(docdir)" || $(MKDIR_P) "$(DESTDIR)$(docdir)"
	@list='$(dist_doc_DATA)'; test -n "$(docdir)" || list=; \
	for p in $$list; do \
	  if test -f "$$p"; then d=; else d="$(srcdir)/"; fi; \
	  echo "$$d$$p"; \
	done | $(am__base_list) | \
	while read files; do \
	  echo " $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files '$(DESTDIR)$(docdir)'"; \
	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files "$(DESTDIR)$(docdir)" || exit $$?; \
	done

uninstall-dist_docDATA:
	@$(NORMAL_UNINSTALL)
	@list='$(dist_doc_DATA)'; test -n "$(docdir)" || list=; \
	files=`for p in $$list; do echo $$p; done | sed -e 's|^.*/||'`; \
	test -n "$$files" || exit 0; \
	echo " ( cd '$(DESTDIR)$(docdir)' && rm -f" $$files ")"; \
	cd "$(DESTDIR)$(docdir)" && rm -f $$files
install-dist_pmstowDATA: $(dist_pmstow_DATA)
	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
	test -z "$(pmstowdir)" || $(MKDIR_P) "$(DESTDIR)$(pmstowdir)"
	@list='$(dist_pmstow_DATA)'; test -n "$(pmstowdir)" || list=; \
	for p in $$list; do \
	  if test -f "$$p"; then d=; else d="$(srcdir)/"; fi; \
	  echo "$$d$$p"; \
	done | $(am__base_list) | \
	while read files; do \
	  echo " $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files '$(DESTDIR)$(pmstowdir)'"; \
	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files "$(DESTDIR)$(pmstowdir)" || exit $$?; \
	done

uninstall-dist_pmstowDATA:
	@$(NORMAL_UNINSTALL)
	@list='$(dist_pmstow_DATA)'; test -n "$(pmstowdir)" || list=; \
	files=`for p in $$list; do echo $$p; done | sed -e 's|^.*/||'`; \
	test -n "$$files" || exit 0; \
	echo " ( cd '$(DESTDIR)$(pmstowdir)' && rm -f" $$files ")"; \
	cd "$(DESTDIR)$(pmstowdir)" && rm -f $$files
install-pmDATA: $(pm_DATA)
	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
	test -z "$(pmdir)" || $(MKDIR_P) "$(DESTDIR)$(pmdir)"
	@list='$(pm_DATA)'; test -n "$(pmdir)" || list=; \
	for p in $$list; do \
	  if test -f "$$p"; then d=; else d="$(srcdir)/"; fi; \
	  echo "$$d$$p"; \
	done | $(am__base_list) | \
	while read files; do \
	  echo " $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files '$(DESTDIR)$(pmdir)'"; \
	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files "$(DESTDIR)$(pmdir)" || exit $$?; \
	done

uninstall-pmDATA:
	@$(NORMAL_UNINSTALL)
	@list='$(pm_DATA)'; test -n "$(pmdir)" || list=; \
	files=`for p in $$list; do echo $$p; done | sed -e 's|^.*/||'`; \
	test -n "$$files" || exit 0; \
	echo " ( cd '$(DESTDIR)$(pmdir)' && rm -f" $$files ")"; \
	cd "$(DESTDIR)$(pmdir)" && rm -f $$files
tags: TAGS
TAGS:

ctags: CTAGS
CTAGS:


distdir: $(DISTFILES)
	@list='$(MANS)'; if test -n "$$list"; then \
	  list=`for p in $$list; do \
	    if test -f $$p; then d=; else d="$(srcdir)/"; fi; \
	    if test -f "$$d$$p"; then echo "$$d$$p"; else :; fi; done`; \
	  if test -n "$$list" && \
	    grep 'ab help2man is required to generate this page' $$list >/dev/null; then \
	    echo "error: found man pages containing the \`missing help2man' replacement text:" >&2; \
	    grep -l 'ab help2man is required to generate this page' $$list | sed 's/^/         /' >&2; \
	    echo "       to fix them, install help2man, remove and regenerate the man pages;" >&2; \
	    echo "       typically \`make maintainer-clean' will remove them" >&2; \
	    exit 1; \
	  else :; fi; \
	else :; fi
	$(am__remove_distdir)
	test -d "$(distdir)" || mkdir "$(distdir)"
	@srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \
	topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \
	list='$(DISTFILES)'; \
	  dist_files=`for file in $$list; do echo $$file; done | \
	  sed -e "s|^$$srcdirstrip/||;t" \
	      -e "s|^$$topsrcdirstrip/|$(top_builddir)/|;t"`; \
	case $$dist_files in \
	  */*) $(MKDIR_P) `echo "$$dist_files" | \
			   sed '/\//!d;s|^|$(distdir)/|;s,/[^/]*$$,,' | \
			   sort -u` ;; \
	esac; \
	for file in $$dist_files; do \
	  if test -f $$file || test -d $$file; then d=.; else d=$(srcdir); fi; \
	  if test -d $$d/$$file; then \
	    dir=`echo "/$$file" | sed -e 's,/[^/]*$$,,'`; \
	    if test -d "$(distdir)/$$file"; then \
	      find "$(distdir)/$$file" -type d ! -perm -700 -exec chmod u+rwx {} \;; \
	    fi; \
	    if test -d $(srcdir)/$$file && test $$d != $(srcdir); then \
	      cp -fpR $(srcdir)/$$file "$(distdir)$$dir" || exit 1; \
	      find "$(distdir)/$$file" -type d ! -perm -700 -exec chmod u+rwx {} \;; \
	    fi; \
	    cp -fpR $$d/$$file "$(distdir)$$dir" || exit 1; \
	  else \
	    test -f "$(distdir)/$$file" \
	    || cp -p $$d/$$file "$(distdir)/$$file" \
	    || exit 1; \
	  fi; \
	done
	$(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) \
	  top_distdir="$(top_distdir)" distdir="$(distdir)" \
	  dist-info dist-hook
	-test -n "$(am__skip_mode_fix)" \
	|| find "$(distdir)" -type d ! -perm -755 \
		-exec chmod u+rwx,go+rx {} \; -o \
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	  ! -type d ! -perm -400 -exec chmod a+r {} \; -o \
	  ! -type d ! -perm -444 -exec $(install_sh) -c -m a+r {} {} \; \
	|| chmod -R a+r "$(distdir)"
dist-gzip: distdir
	tardir=$(distdir) && $(am__tar) | GZIP=$(GZIP_ENV) gzip -c >$(distdir).tar.gz
	$(am__remove_distdir)
dist-bzip2: distdir
	tardir=$(distdir) && $(am__tar) | bzip2 -9 -c >$(distdir).tar.bz2
	$(am__remove_distdir)

dist-lzma: distdir
	tardir=$(distdir) && $(am__tar) | lzma -9 -c >$(distdir).tar.lzma
	$(am__remove_distdir)

dist-xz: distdir
	tardir=$(distdir) && $(am__tar) | xz -c >$(distdir).tar.xz
	$(am__remove_distdir)

dist-tarZ: distdir
	tardir=$(distdir) && $(am__tar) | compress -c >$(distdir).tar.Z
	$(am__remove_distdir)

dist-shar: distdir
	shar $(distdir) | GZIP=$(GZIP_ENV) gzip -c >$(distdir).shar.gz
	$(am__remove_distdir)

dist-zip: distdir
	-rm -f $(distdir).zip
	zip -rq $(distdir).zip $(distdir)
	$(am__remove_distdir)

dist dist-all: distdir
	tardir=$(distdir) && $(am__tar) | GZIP=$(GZIP_ENV) gzip -c >$(distdir).tar.gz
	tardir=$(distdir) && $(am__tar) | bzip2 -9 -c >$(distdir).tar.bz2
	$(am__remove_distdir)

# This target untars the dist file and tries a VPATH configuration.  Then
# it guarantees that the distribution is self-contained by making another
# tarfile.
distcheck: dist
	case '$(DIST_ARCHIVES)' in \
	*.tar.gz*) \
	  GZIP=$(GZIP_ENV) gzip -dc $(distdir).tar.gz | $(am__untar) ;;\
	*.tar.bz2*) \
	  bzip2 -dc $(distdir).tar.bz2 | $(am__untar) ;;\
	*.tar.lzma*) \
	  lzma -dc $(distdir).tar.lzma | $(am__untar) ;;\
	*.tar.xz*) \
	  xz -dc $(distdir).tar.xz | $(am__untar) ;;\
	*.tar.Z*) \
	  uncompress -c $(distdir).tar.Z | $(am__untar) ;;\
	*.shar.gz*) \
	  GZIP=$(GZIP_ENV) gzip -dc $(distdir).shar.gz | unshar ;;\
	*.zip*) \
	  unzip $(distdir).zip ;;\
	esac
	chmod -R a-w $(distdir); chmod a+w $(distdir)
	mkdir $(distdir)/_build
	mkdir $(distdir)/_inst
	chmod a-w $(distdir)
	test -d $(distdir)/_build || exit 0; \
	dc_install_base=`$(am__cd) $(distdir)/_inst && pwd | sed -e 's,^[^:\\/]:[\\/],/,'` \
	  && dc_destdir="$${TMPDIR-/tmp}/am-dc-$$$$/" \
	  && am__cwd=`pwd` \
	  && $(am__cd) $(distdir)/_build \
	  && ../configure --srcdir=.. --prefix="$$dc_install_base" \
	    $(DISTCHECK_CONFIGURE_FLAGS) \
	  && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) \
	  && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) dvi \
	  && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) check \
	  && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) install \
	  && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) installcheck \
	  && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) uninstall \
	  && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distuninstallcheck_dir="$$dc_install_base" \
	        distuninstallcheck \
	  && chmod -R a-w "$$dc_install_base" \
	  && ({ \
	       (cd ../.. && umask 077 && mkdir "$$dc_destdir") \
	       && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) DESTDIR="$$dc_destdir" install \
	       && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) DESTDIR="$$dc_destdir" uninstall \
	       && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) DESTDIR="$$dc_destdir" \
	            distuninstallcheck_dir="$$dc_destdir" distuninstallcheck; \
	      } || { rm -rf "$$dc_destdir"; exit 1; }) \
	  && rm -rf "$$dc_destdir" \
	  && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) dist \
	  && rm -rf $(DIST_ARCHIVES) \
	  && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distcleancheck \
	  && cd "$$am__cwd" \
	  || exit 1
	$(am__remove_distdir)
	@(echo "$(distdir) archives ready for distribution: "; \
	  list='$(DIST_ARCHIVES)'; for i in $$list; do echo $$i; done) | \
	  sed -e 1h -e 1s/./=/g -e 1p -e 1x -e '$$p' -e '$$x'
distuninstallcheck:
	@$(am__cd) '$(distuninstallcheck_dir)' \
	&& test `$(distuninstallcheck_listfiles) | wc -l` -le 1 \
	   || { echo "ERROR: files left after uninstall:" ; \
	        if test -n "$(DESTDIR)"; then \
	          echo "  (check DESTDIR support)"; \
	        fi ; \
	        $(distuninstallcheck_listfiles) ; \
	        exit 1; } >&2
distcleancheck: distclean
	@if test '$(srcdir)' = . ; then \
	  echo "ERROR: distcleancheck can only run from a VPATH build" ; \
	  exit 1 ; \
	fi
	@test `$(distcleancheck_listfiles) | wc -l` -eq 0 \
	  || { echo "ERROR: files left in build directory after distclean:" ; \
	       $(distcleancheck_listfiles) ; \
	       exit 1; } >&2
check-am: all-am
	$(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) $(check_DATA)
	$(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) check-TESTS
check: check-am
all-am: Makefile $(INFO_DEPS) $(SCRIPTS) $(MANS) $(DATA)
installdirs:
	for dir in "$(DESTDIR)$(bindir)" "$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)" "$(DESTDIR)$(man8dir)" "$(DESTDIR)$(docdir)" "$(DESTDIR)$(pmstowdir)" "$(DESTDIR)$(pmdir)"; do \
	  test -z "$$dir" || $(MKDIR_P) "$$dir"; \
	done
install: install-am
install-exec: install-exec-am
install-data: install-data-am
uninstall: uninstall-am

install-am: all-am
	@$(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) install-exec-am install-data-am

installcheck: installcheck-am
install-strip:
	$(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) INSTALL_PROGRAM="$(INSTALL_STRIP_PROGRAM)" \
	  install_sh_PROGRAM="$(INSTALL_STRIP_PROGRAM)" INSTALL_STRIP_FLAG=-s \
	  `test -z '$(STRIP)' || \
	    echo "INSTALL_PROGRAM_ENV=STRIPPROG='$(STRIP)'"` install
mostlyclean-generic:

clean-generic:
	-test -z "$(CLEANFILES)" || rm -f $(CLEANFILES)

distclean-generic:
	-test -z "$(CONFIG_CLEAN_FILES)" || rm -f $(CONFIG_CLEAN_FILES)
	-test . = "$(srcdir)" || test -z "$(CONFIG_CLEAN_VPATH_FILES)" || rm -f $(CONFIG_CLEAN_VPATH_FILES)
	-rm -f doc/$(am__dirstamp)

maintainer-clean-generic:
	@echo "This command is intended for maintainers to use"
	@echo "it deletes files that may require special tools to rebuild."
	-test -z "$(MAINTAINERCLEANFILES)" || rm -f $(MAINTAINERCLEANFILES)
clean: clean-am

clean-am: clean-aminfo clean-generic clean-local mostlyclean-am

distclean: distclean-am
	-rm -f $(am__CONFIG_DISTCLEAN_FILES)
	-rm -f Makefile
distclean-am: clean-am distclean-generic

dvi: dvi-am

dvi-am: $(DVIS)

html: html-am

html-am: $(HTMLS)

info: info-am

info-am: $(INFO_DEPS)

install-data-am: install-dist_docDATA install-dist_pmstowDATA \
	install-info-am install-man install-pmDATA
	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
	$(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) install-data-hook
install-dvi: install-dvi-am

install-dvi-am: $(DVIS)
	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
	test -z "$(dvidir)" || $(MKDIR_P) "$(DESTDIR)$(dvidir)"
	@list='$(DVIS)'; test -n "$(dvidir)" || list=; \
	for p in $$list; do \
	  if test -f "$$p"; then d=; else d="$(srcdir)/"; fi; \
	  echo "$$d$$p"; \
	done | $(am__base_list) | \
	while read files; do \
	  echo " $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files '$(DESTDIR)$(dvidir)'"; \
	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files "$(DESTDIR)$(dvidir)" || exit $$?; \
	done
install-exec-am: install-binSCRIPTS

install-html: install-html-am

install-html-am: $(HTMLS)
	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
	test -z "$(htmldir)" || $(MKDIR_P) "$(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)"
	@list='$(HTMLS)'; list2=; test -n "$(htmldir)" || list=; \
	for p in $$list; do \
	  if test -f "$$p" || test -d "$$p"; then d=; else d="$(srcdir)/"; fi; \
	  $(am__strip_dir) \
	  if test -d "$$d$$p"; then \
	    echo " $(MKDIR_P) '$(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)/$$f'"; \
	    $(MKDIR_P) "$(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)/$$f" || exit 1; \
	    echo " $(INSTALL_DATA) '$$d$$p'/* '$(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)/$$f'"; \
	    $(INSTALL_DATA) "$$d$$p"/* "$(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)/$$f" || exit $$?; \
	  else \
	    list2="$$list2 $$d$$p"; \
	  fi; \
	done; \
	test -z "$$list2" || { echo "$$list2" | $(am__base_list) | \
	while read files; do \
	  echo " $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files '$(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)'"; \
	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files "$(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)" || exit $$?; \
	done; }
install-info: install-info-am

install-info-am: $(INFO_DEPS)
	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
	test -z "$(infodir)" || $(MKDIR_P) "$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)"
	@srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's|.|.|g'`; \
	list='$(INFO_DEPS)'; test -n "$(infodir)" || list=; \
	for file in $$list; do \
	  case $$file in \
	    $(srcdir)/*) file=`echo "$$file" | sed "s|^$$srcdirstrip/||"`;; \
	  esac; \
	  if test -f $$file; then d=.; else d=$(srcdir); fi; \
	  file_i=`echo "$$file" | sed 's|\.info$$||;s|$$|.i|'`; \
	  for ifile in $$d/$$file $$d/$$file-[0-9] $$d/$$file-[0-9][0-9] \
	               $$d/$$file_i[0-9] $$d/$$file_i[0-9][0-9] ; do \
	    if test -f $$ifile; then \
	      echo "$$ifile"; \
	    else : ; fi; \
	  done; \
	done | $(am__base_list) | \
	while read files; do \
	  echo " $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files '$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)'"; \
	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files "$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)" || exit $$?; done
	@$(POST_INSTALL)
	@if (install-info --version && \
	     install-info --version 2>&1 | sed 1q | grep -i -v debian) >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
	  list='$(INFO_DEPS)'; test -n "$(infodir)" || list=; \
	  for file in $$list; do \
	    relfile=`echo "$$file" | sed 's|^.*/||'`; \
	    echo " install-info --info-dir='$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)' '$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/$$relfile'";\
	    install-info --info-dir="$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)" "$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/$$relfile" || :;\
	  done; \
	else : ; fi
install-man: install-man8

install-pdf: install-pdf-am

install-pdf-am: $(PDFS)
	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
	test -z "$(pdfdir)" || $(MKDIR_P) "$(DESTDIR)$(pdfdir)"
	@list='$(PDFS)'; test -n "$(pdfdir)" || list=; \
	for p in $$list; do \
	  if test -f "$$p"; then d=; else d="$(srcdir)/"; fi; \
	  echo "$$d$$p"; \
	done | $(am__base_list) | \
	while read files; do \
	  echo " $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files '$(DESTDIR)$(pdfdir)'"; \
	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files "$(DESTDIR)$(pdfdir)" || exit $$?; done
install-ps: install-ps-am

install-ps-am: $(PSS)
	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
	test -z "$(psdir)" || $(MKDIR_P) "$(DESTDIR)$(psdir)"
	@list='$(PSS)'; test -n "$(psdir)" || list=; \
	for p in $$list; do \
	  if test -f "$$p"; then d=; else d="$(srcdir)/"; fi; \
	  echo "$$d$$p"; \
	done | $(am__base_list) | \
	while read files; do \
	  echo " $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files '$(DESTDIR)$(psdir)'"; \
	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$files "$(DESTDIR)$(psdir)" || exit $$?; done
installcheck-am:

maintainer-clean: maintainer-clean-am
	-rm -f $(am__CONFIG_DISTCLEAN_FILES)
	-rm -rf $(top_srcdir)/autom4te.cache
	-rm -f Makefile
maintainer-clean-am: distclean-am maintainer-clean-aminfo \
	maintainer-clean-generic maintainer-clean-local \
	maintainer-clean-vti

mostlyclean: mostlyclean-am

mostlyclean-am: mostlyclean-aminfo mostlyclean-generic mostlyclean-vti

pdf: pdf-am

pdf-am: $(PDFS)

ps: ps-am

ps-am: $(PSS)

uninstall-am: uninstall-binSCRIPTS uninstall-dist_docDATA \
	uninstall-dist_pmstowDATA uninstall-dvi-am uninstall-html-am \
	uninstall-info-am uninstall-man uninstall-pdf-am \
	uninstall-pmDATA uninstall-ps-am
	@$(NORMAL_INSTALL)
	$(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) uninstall-hook
uninstall-man: uninstall-man8

.MAKE: check-am install-am install-data-am install-strip uninstall-am

.PHONY: all all-am am--refresh check check-TESTS check-am clean \
	clean-aminfo clean-generic clean-local dist dist-all \
	dist-bzip2 dist-gzip dist-hook dist-info dist-lzma dist-shar \
	dist-tarZ dist-xz dist-zip distcheck distclean \
	distclean-generic distcleancheck distdir distuninstallcheck \
	dvi dvi-am html html-am info info-am install install-am \
	install-binSCRIPTS install-data install-data-am \
	install-data-hook install-dist_docDATA install-dist_pmstowDATA \
	install-dvi install-dvi-am install-exec install-exec-am \
	install-html install-html-am install-info install-info-am \
	install-man install-man8 install-pdf install-pdf-am \
	install-pmDATA install-ps install-ps-am install-strip \
	installcheck installcheck-am installdirs maintainer-clean \
	maintainer-clean-aminfo maintainer-clean-generic \
	maintainer-clean-local maintainer-clean-vti mostlyclean \
	mostlyclean-aminfo mostlyclean-generic mostlyclean-vti pdf \
	pdf-am ps ps-am uninstall uninstall-am uninstall-binSCRIPTS \
	uninstall-dist_docDATA uninstall-dist_pmstowDATA \
	uninstall-dvi-am uninstall-hook uninstall-html-am \
	uninstall-info-am uninstall-man uninstall-man8 \
	uninstall-pdf-am uninstall-pmDATA uninstall-ps-am

export TEXI2DVI_BUILD_MODE = clean

# GNU autotools standardised on the 'check' target, but CPAN (and the
# rest of the world) standardised on the 'test' target.
test: check

# Test::Harness produces cleaner output than automake's default test
# harness, albeit without the pretty colours provided by the
# `color-tests' AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE option.  This also dodges having to
# set TESTS to the full list of tests, which is good because automake
# doesn't support wildcards, and so it would be too easy to forget to
# add a new one to the list.
#
# Note that automake's `check' rule cannot be overridden
# for some weird reason:
#
#   http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.sysutils.automake.general/13040/focus=13041
#
# so we override check-TESTS instead which is where the real work is
# done anyway.  Unfortunately this produces a warning with the -Wall
# option to AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE which has to be silenced via
# -Wno-override.
check-TESTS:
	dir=$(TESTS_DIR); \
	$(TESTS_ENVIRONMENT) -MTest::Harness -e 'runtests(@ARGV)' "$${dir#./}"/*.t

$(TESTS_OUT):
	mkdir -p $@

# clean up auto-generated files
clean-local:
	-rm -rf $(TESTS_OUT)
maintainer-clean-local:
	-rm -rf doc/manual-split

bin/stow: bin/stow.in Makefile
	[ -d bin ] || mkdir bin # required in vpath mode
	@$(check_pmdir)
	@$(calc_use_lib_pmdir); \
	$(edit) < $< > $@
	@echo "Generated $@ from $<"
	chmod +x $@

bin/chkstow: bin/chkstow.in Makefile
	@[ -d bin ] || mkdir bin # required in vpath mode
	@$(edit) < $< > $@
	@echo "Generated $@ from $<"
	chmod +x $@

lib/Stow.pm: lib/Stow.pm.in $(DEFAULT_IGNORE_LIST) Makefile
	@[ -d lib ] || mkdir lib # required in vpath mode
	@( $(edit) < $<; cat $(DEFAULT_IGNORE_LIST) ) > $@
	@echo "Generated $@ from $< and $(DEFAULT_IGNORE_LIST)"

##############################################################################
# The below rules should only be needed by developers.
##############################################################################

doc/stow.8: bin/stow.in
	[ -d doc ] || mkdir doc # required in vpath mode
	pod2man $< > $@

# We use automake's built-in rule to generate stow.info.  The built-in
# rules would also generate doc/stow.html and doc/stow.pdf, but after
# installation we want $(docdir) (typically /usr/share/doc/stow/) to
# contain manual-single.html, manual.pdf, and manual-split/*.html, to
# make it explicitly obvious that these files contain the user manual
# rather than some other Stow-related documentation.
#
# If it were not for a troublesome dependency on doc/$(am__dirstamp):
#
#   http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.sysutils.automake.general/13192
#
# we could have achieved this using the built-in rules combined with
# install-data-hook to rename from stow.pdf to manual.pdf etc. on
# install.  Instead, by overriding the built-in rules with modified
# versions, we can kill both birds with one stone.

$(HTML): $(doc_deps)
	[ -d doc ] || mkdir doc # required in vpath mode
	-rm -f $@
	texi2html --P=$(srcdir) --output=$@ -expandinfo -menu -monolithic -verbose $<

$(PDF): $(doc_deps)
	TEXINPUTS="$(am__TEXINFO_TEX_DIR)$(PATH_SEPARATOR)$$TEXINPUTS" \
	MAKEINFO='$(MAKEINFO) $(AM_MAKEINFOFLAGS) $(MAKEINFOFLAGS) -I doc -I $(srcdir)/doc' \
	$(TEXI2PDF) -o $@ `test -f 'doc/stow.texi' || echo '$(srcdir)/'`doc/stow.texi

doc/manual-split: $(doc_deps)
	rm -rf $@.new
	if $(MAKEINFOHTML) $(AM_MAKEINFOHTMLFLAGS) $(MAKEINFOFLAGS) -I doc -I $(srcdir)/doc \
	 -o $@.new `test -f 'doc/stow.texi' || echo '$(srcdir)/'`doc/stow.texi; \
	then \
	  rm -rf $@; \
	  mv $@.new $@; \
	else \
	  rm -Rf $@.new $@; \
	  exit 1; \
	fi

# The split version of the manual is copied to $(docdir)/manual-split
# by install-data-hook.  The whole subdirectory is included via
# EXTRA_DIST in order to avoid having to list each file explicitly in
# dist_doc_DATA, since automake doesn't support wildcards, and
# dist_doc_DATA cannot refer to directories while EXTRA_DIST can (go
# figure ...)

install-data-hook: doc/manual-split
	cp -r $(srcdir)/doc/manual-split $(DESTDIR)$(docdir)

uninstall-hook:
	chmod u+w -R $(DESTDIR)$(docdir)/manual-split
	rm -rf $(DESTDIR)$(docdir)/manual-split

# Using install-data-hook has the slightly annoying disadvantage that
# by default the split version of the manual isn't automatically
# rebuilt during development by a simple `make'.  A workaround hack
# for this is to piggy-back the dependency onto manual-single.html,
# which *is* automatically rebuilt by `make':
$(HTML): doc/manual-split

# With the above hack, this probably isn't necessary but is safer to
# keep in anyway:
dist-hook: doc/manual-split

dist-hook: $(dist_man_MANS)
	if test -d $(top_srcdir)/.git; then \
	  rm -f ChangeLog \
	    && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) ChangeLog \
	    && cp -f ChangeLog $(distdir)/ChangeLog; \
	fi

ChangeLog: doc/ChangeLog.OLD
	@if [ -d .git ]; then \
	    ( \
	        git log \
		    --format="format:%ad  %aN <%aE>%n%n    * %w(70,0,4)%s%+b%n" \
		    --name-status \
		    v2.0.2..HEAD \
                | sed 's/^\([A-Z]\)\t/      \1 /'; \
	        cat $< \
	    ) > $@; \
	    echo "Rebuilt $@ from git commit history."; \
	else \
	    echo "Not in a git repository; can't update ChangeLog."; \
	fi

# Tell versions [3.59,3.63) of GNU make to not export all variables.
# Otherwise a system limit (for SysV at least) may be exceeded.
.NOEXPORT:
stow-2.2.0/configure0000775000076400007640000031013411720005464011352 00000000000000#! /bin/sh
# Guess values for system-dependent variables and create Makefiles.
# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.68 for stow 2.2.0.
#
# Report bugs to .
#
#
# Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001,
# 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software
# Foundation, Inc.
#
#
# This configure script is free software; the Free Software Foundation
# gives unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it.
## -------------------- ##
## M4sh Initialization. ##
## -------------------- ##

# Be more Bourne compatible
DUALCASE=1; export DUALCASE # for MKS sh
if test -n "${ZSH_VERSION+set}" && (emulate sh) >/dev/null 2>&1; then :
  emulate sh
  NULLCMD=:
  # Pre-4.2 versions of Zsh do word splitting on ${1+"$@"}, which
  # is contrary to our usage.  Disable this feature.
  alias -g '${1+"$@"}'='"$@"'
  setopt NO_GLOB_SUBST
else
  case `(set -o) 2>/dev/null` in #(
  *posix*) :
    set -o posix ;; #(
  *) :
     ;;
esac
fi


as_nl='
'
export as_nl
# Printing a long string crashes Solaris 7 /usr/bin/printf.
as_echo='\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'
as_echo=$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo
as_echo=$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo
# Prefer a ksh shell builtin over an external printf program on Solaris,
# but without wasting forks for bash or zsh.
if test -z "$BASH_VERSION$ZSH_VERSION" \
    && (test "X`print -r -- $as_echo`" = "X$as_echo") 2>/dev/null; then
  as_echo='print -r --'
  as_echo_n='print -rn --'
elif (test "X`printf %s $as_echo`" = "X$as_echo") 2>/dev/null; then
  as_echo='printf %s\n'
  as_echo_n='printf %s'
else
  if test "X`(/usr/ucb/echo -n -n $as_echo) 2>/dev/null`" = "X-n $as_echo"; then
    as_echo_body='eval /usr/ucb/echo -n "$1$as_nl"'
    as_echo_n='/usr/ucb/echo -n'
  else
    as_echo_body='eval expr "X$1" : "X\\(.*\\)"'
    as_echo_n_body='eval
      arg=$1;
      case $arg in #(
      *"$as_nl"*)
	expr "X$arg" : "X\\(.*\\)$as_nl";
	arg=`expr "X$arg" : ".*$as_nl\\(.*\\)"`;;
      esac;
      expr "X$arg" : "X\\(.*\\)" | tr -d "$as_nl"
    '
    export as_echo_n_body
    as_echo_n='sh -c $as_echo_n_body as_echo'
  fi
  export as_echo_body
  as_echo='sh -c $as_echo_body as_echo'
fi

# The user is always right.
if test "${PATH_SEPARATOR+set}" != set; then
  PATH_SEPARATOR=:
  (PATH='/bin;/bin'; FPATH=$PATH; sh -c :) >/dev/null 2>&1 && {
    (PATH='/bin:/bin'; FPATH=$PATH; sh -c :) >/dev/null 2>&1 ||
      PATH_SEPARATOR=';'
  }
fi


# IFS
# We need space, tab and new line, in precisely that order.  Quoting is
# there to prevent editors from complaining about space-tab.
# (If _AS_PATH_WALK were called with IFS unset, it would disable word
# splitting by setting IFS to empty value.)
IFS=" ""	$as_nl"

# Find who we are.  Look in the path if we contain no directory separator.
as_myself=
case $0 in #((
  *[\\/]* ) as_myself=$0 ;;
  *) as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  test -z "$as_dir" && as_dir=.
    test -r "$as_dir/$0" && as_myself=$as_dir/$0 && break
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

     ;;
esac
# We did not find ourselves, most probably we were run as `sh COMMAND'
# in which case we are not to be found in the path.
if test "x$as_myself" = x; then
  as_myself=$0
fi
if test ! -f "$as_myself"; then
  $as_echo "$as_myself: error: cannot find myself; rerun with an absolute file name" >&2
  exit 1
fi

# Unset variables that we do not need and which cause bugs (e.g. in
# pre-3.0 UWIN ksh).  But do not cause bugs in bash 2.01; the "|| exit 1"
# suppresses any "Segmentation fault" message there.  '((' could
# trigger a bug in pdksh 5.2.14.
for as_var in BASH_ENV ENV MAIL MAILPATH
do eval test x\${$as_var+set} = xset \
  && ( (unset $as_var) || exit 1) >/dev/null 2>&1 && unset $as_var || :
done
PS1='$ '
PS2='> '
PS4='+ '

# NLS nuisances.
LC_ALL=C
export LC_ALL
LANGUAGE=C
export LANGUAGE

# CDPATH.
(unset CDPATH) >/dev/null 2>&1 && unset CDPATH

if test "x$CONFIG_SHELL" = x; then
  as_bourne_compatible="if test -n \"\${ZSH_VERSION+set}\" && (emulate sh) >/dev/null 2>&1; then :
  emulate sh
  NULLCMD=:
  # Pre-4.2 versions of Zsh do word splitting on \${1+\"\$@\"}, which
  # is contrary to our usage.  Disable this feature.
  alias -g '\${1+\"\$@\"}'='\"\$@\"'
  setopt NO_GLOB_SUBST
else
  case \`(set -o) 2>/dev/null\` in #(
  *posix*) :
    set -o posix ;; #(
  *) :
     ;;
esac
fi
"
  as_required="as_fn_return () { (exit \$1); }
as_fn_success () { as_fn_return 0; }
as_fn_failure () { as_fn_return 1; }
as_fn_ret_success () { return 0; }
as_fn_ret_failure () { return 1; }

exitcode=0
as_fn_success || { exitcode=1; echo as_fn_success failed.; }
as_fn_failure && { exitcode=1; echo as_fn_failure succeeded.; }
as_fn_ret_success || { exitcode=1; echo as_fn_ret_success failed.; }
as_fn_ret_failure && { exitcode=1; echo as_fn_ret_failure succeeded.; }
if ( set x; as_fn_ret_success y && test x = \"\$1\" ); then :

else
  exitcode=1; echo positional parameters were not saved.
fi
test x\$exitcode = x0 || exit 1"
  as_suggested="  as_lineno_1=";as_suggested=$as_suggested$LINENO;as_suggested=$as_suggested" as_lineno_1a=\$LINENO
  as_lineno_2=";as_suggested=$as_suggested$LINENO;as_suggested=$as_suggested" as_lineno_2a=\$LINENO
  eval 'test \"x\$as_lineno_1'\$as_run'\" != \"x\$as_lineno_2'\$as_run'\" &&
  test \"x\`expr \$as_lineno_1'\$as_run' + 1\`\" = \"x\$as_lineno_2'\$as_run'\"' || exit 1"
  if (eval "$as_required") 2>/dev/null; then :
  as_have_required=yes
else
  as_have_required=no
fi
  if test x$as_have_required = xyes && (eval "$as_suggested") 2>/dev/null; then :

else
  as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
as_found=false
for as_dir in /bin$PATH_SEPARATOR/usr/bin$PATH_SEPARATOR$PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  test -z "$as_dir" && as_dir=.
  as_found=:
  case $as_dir in #(
	 /*)
	   for as_base in sh bash ksh sh5; do
	     # Try only shells that exist, to save several forks.
	     as_shell=$as_dir/$as_base
	     if { test -f "$as_shell" || test -f "$as_shell.exe"; } &&
		    { $as_echo "$as_bourne_compatible""$as_required" | as_run=a "$as_shell"; } 2>/dev/null; then :
  CONFIG_SHELL=$as_shell as_have_required=yes
		   if { $as_echo "$as_bourne_compatible""$as_suggested" | as_run=a "$as_shell"; } 2>/dev/null; then :
  break 2
fi
fi
	   done;;
       esac
  as_found=false
done
$as_found || { if { test -f "$SHELL" || test -f "$SHELL.exe"; } &&
	      { $as_echo "$as_bourne_compatible""$as_required" | as_run=a "$SHELL"; } 2>/dev/null; then :
  CONFIG_SHELL=$SHELL as_have_required=yes
fi; }
IFS=$as_save_IFS


      if test "x$CONFIG_SHELL" != x; then :
  # We cannot yet assume a decent shell, so we have to provide a
	# neutralization value for shells without unset; and this also
	# works around shells that cannot unset nonexistent variables.
	# Preserve -v and -x to the replacement shell.
	BASH_ENV=/dev/null
	ENV=/dev/null
	(unset BASH_ENV) >/dev/null 2>&1 && unset BASH_ENV ENV
	export CONFIG_SHELL
	case $- in # ((((
	  *v*x* | *x*v* ) as_opts=-vx ;;
	  *v* ) as_opts=-v ;;
	  *x* ) as_opts=-x ;;
	  * ) as_opts= ;;
	esac
	exec "$CONFIG_SHELL" $as_opts "$as_myself" ${1+"$@"}
fi

    if test x$as_have_required = xno; then :
  $as_echo "$0: This script requires a shell more modern than all"
  $as_echo "$0: the shells that I found on your system."
  if test x${ZSH_VERSION+set} = xset ; then
    $as_echo "$0: In particular, zsh $ZSH_VERSION has bugs and should"
    $as_echo "$0: be upgraded to zsh 4.3.4 or later."
  else
    $as_echo "$0: Please tell bug-autoconf@gnu.org and bug-stow@gnu.org
$0: about your system, including any error possibly output
$0: before this message. Then install a modern shell, or
$0: manually run the script under such a shell if you do
$0: have one."
  fi
  exit 1
fi
fi
fi
SHELL=${CONFIG_SHELL-/bin/sh}
export SHELL
# Unset more variables known to interfere with behavior of common tools.
CLICOLOR_FORCE= GREP_OPTIONS=
unset CLICOLOR_FORCE GREP_OPTIONS

## --------------------- ##
## M4sh Shell Functions. ##
## --------------------- ##
# as_fn_unset VAR
# ---------------
# Portably unset VAR.
as_fn_unset ()
{
  { eval $1=; unset $1;}
}
as_unset=as_fn_unset

# as_fn_set_status STATUS
# -----------------------
# Set $? to STATUS, without forking.
as_fn_set_status ()
{
  return $1
} # as_fn_set_status

# as_fn_exit STATUS
# -----------------
# Exit the shell with STATUS, even in a "trap 0" or "set -e" context.
as_fn_exit ()
{
  set +e
  as_fn_set_status $1
  exit $1
} # as_fn_exit

# as_fn_mkdir_p
# -------------
# Create "$as_dir" as a directory, including parents if necessary.
as_fn_mkdir_p ()
{

  case $as_dir in #(
  -*) as_dir=./$as_dir;;
  esac
  test -d "$as_dir" || eval $as_mkdir_p || {
    as_dirs=
    while :; do
      case $as_dir in #(
      *\'*) as_qdir=`$as_echo "$as_dir" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"`;; #'(
      *) as_qdir=$as_dir;;
      esac
      as_dirs="'$as_qdir' $as_dirs"
      as_dir=`$as_dirname -- "$as_dir" ||
$as_expr X"$as_dir" : 'X\(.*[^/]\)//*[^/][^/]*/*$' \| \
	 X"$as_dir" : 'X\(//\)[^/]' \| \
	 X"$as_dir" : 'X\(//\)$' \| \
	 X"$as_dir" : 'X\(/\)' \| . 2>/dev/null ||
$as_echo X"$as_dir" |
    sed '/^X\(.*[^/]\)\/\/*[^/][^/]*\/*$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)[^/].*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\).*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  s/.*/./; q'`
      test -d "$as_dir" && break
    done
    test -z "$as_dirs" || eval "mkdir $as_dirs"
  } || test -d "$as_dir" || as_fn_error $? "cannot create directory $as_dir"


} # as_fn_mkdir_p
# as_fn_append VAR VALUE
# ----------------------
# Append the text in VALUE to the end of the definition contained in VAR. Take
# advantage of any shell optimizations that allow amortized linear growth over
# repeated appends, instead of the typical quadratic growth present in naive
# implementations.
if (eval "as_var=1; as_var+=2; test x\$as_var = x12") 2>/dev/null; then :
  eval 'as_fn_append ()
  {
    eval $1+=\$2
  }'
else
  as_fn_append ()
  {
    eval $1=\$$1\$2
  }
fi # as_fn_append

# as_fn_arith ARG...
# ------------------
# Perform arithmetic evaluation on the ARGs, and store the result in the
# global $as_val. Take advantage of shells that can avoid forks. The arguments
# must be portable across $(()) and expr.
if (eval "test \$(( 1 + 1 )) = 2") 2>/dev/null; then :
  eval 'as_fn_arith ()
  {
    as_val=$(( $* ))
  }'
else
  as_fn_arith ()
  {
    as_val=`expr "$@" || test $? -eq 1`
  }
fi # as_fn_arith


# as_fn_error STATUS ERROR [LINENO LOG_FD]
# ----------------------------------------
# Output "`basename $0`: error: ERROR" to stderr. If LINENO and LOG_FD are
# provided, also output the error to LOG_FD, referencing LINENO. Then exit the
# script with STATUS, using 1 if that was 0.
as_fn_error ()
{
  as_status=$1; test $as_status -eq 0 && as_status=1
  if test "$4"; then
    as_lineno=${as_lineno-"$3"} as_lineno_stack=as_lineno_stack=$as_lineno_stack
    $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: $2" >&$4
  fi
  $as_echo "$as_me: error: $2" >&2
  as_fn_exit $as_status
} # as_fn_error

if expr a : '\(a\)' >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
   test "X`expr 00001 : '.*\(...\)'`" = X001; then
  as_expr=expr
else
  as_expr=false
fi

if (basename -- /) >/dev/null 2>&1 && test "X`basename -- / 2>&1`" = "X/"; then
  as_basename=basename
else
  as_basename=false
fi

if (as_dir=`dirname -- /` && test "X$as_dir" = X/) >/dev/null 2>&1; then
  as_dirname=dirname
else
  as_dirname=false
fi

as_me=`$as_basename -- "$0" ||
$as_expr X/"$0" : '.*/\([^/][^/]*\)/*$' \| \
	 X"$0" : 'X\(//\)$' \| \
	 X"$0" : 'X\(/\)' \| . 2>/dev/null ||
$as_echo X/"$0" |
    sed '/^.*\/\([^/][^/]*\)\/*$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\/\(\/\/\)$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\/\(\/\).*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  s/.*/./; q'`

# Avoid depending upon Character Ranges.
as_cr_letters='abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
as_cr_LETTERS='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
as_cr_Letters=$as_cr_letters$as_cr_LETTERS
as_cr_digits='0123456789'
as_cr_alnum=$as_cr_Letters$as_cr_digits


  as_lineno_1=$LINENO as_lineno_1a=$LINENO
  as_lineno_2=$LINENO as_lineno_2a=$LINENO
  eval 'test "x$as_lineno_1'$as_run'" != "x$as_lineno_2'$as_run'" &&
  test "x`expr $as_lineno_1'$as_run' + 1`" = "x$as_lineno_2'$as_run'"' || {
  # Blame Lee E. McMahon (1931-1989) for sed's syntax.  :-)
  sed -n '
    p
    /[$]LINENO/=
  ' <$as_myself |
    sed '
      s/[$]LINENO.*/&-/
      t lineno
      b
      :lineno
      N
      :loop
      s/[$]LINENO\([^'$as_cr_alnum'_].*\n\)\(.*\)/\2\1\2/
      t loop
      s/-\n.*//
    ' >$as_me.lineno &&
  chmod +x "$as_me.lineno" ||
    { $as_echo "$as_me: error: cannot create $as_me.lineno; rerun with a POSIX shell" >&2; as_fn_exit 1; }

  # Don't try to exec as it changes $[0], causing all sort of problems
  # (the dirname of $[0] is not the place where we might find the
  # original and so on.  Autoconf is especially sensitive to this).
  . "./$as_me.lineno"
  # Exit status is that of the last command.
  exit
}

ECHO_C= ECHO_N= ECHO_T=
case `echo -n x` in #(((((
-n*)
  case `echo 'xy\c'` in
  *c*) ECHO_T='	';;	# ECHO_T is single tab character.
  xy)  ECHO_C='\c';;
  *)   echo `echo ksh88 bug on AIX 6.1` > /dev/null
       ECHO_T='	';;
  esac;;
*)
  ECHO_N='-n';;
esac

rm -f conf$$ conf$$.exe conf$$.file
if test -d conf$$.dir; then
  rm -f conf$$.dir/conf$$.file
else
  rm -f conf$$.dir
  mkdir conf$$.dir 2>/dev/null
fi
if (echo >conf$$.file) 2>/dev/null; then
  if ln -s conf$$.file conf$$ 2>/dev/null; then
    as_ln_s='ln -s'
    # ... but there are two gotchas:
    # 1) On MSYS, both `ln -s file dir' and `ln file dir' fail.
    # 2) DJGPP < 2.04 has no symlinks; `ln -s' creates a wrapper executable.
    # In both cases, we have to default to `cp -p'.
    ln -s conf$$.file conf$$.dir 2>/dev/null && test ! -f conf$$.exe ||
      as_ln_s='cp -p'
  elif ln conf$$.file conf$$ 2>/dev/null; then
    as_ln_s=ln
  else
    as_ln_s='cp -p'
  fi
else
  as_ln_s='cp -p'
fi
rm -f conf$$ conf$$.exe conf$$.dir/conf$$.file conf$$.file
rmdir conf$$.dir 2>/dev/null

if mkdir -p . 2>/dev/null; then
  as_mkdir_p='mkdir -p "$as_dir"'
else
  test -d ./-p && rmdir ./-p
  as_mkdir_p=false
fi

if test -x / >/dev/null 2>&1; then
  as_test_x='test -x'
else
  if ls -dL / >/dev/null 2>&1; then
    as_ls_L_option=L
  else
    as_ls_L_option=
  fi
  as_test_x='
    eval sh -c '\''
      if test -d "$1"; then
	test -d "$1/.";
      else
	case $1 in #(
	-*)set "./$1";;
	esac;
	case `ls -ld'$as_ls_L_option' "$1" 2>/dev/null` in #((
	???[sx]*):;;*)false;;esac;fi
    '\'' sh
  '
fi
as_executable_p=$as_test_x

# Sed expression to map a string onto a valid CPP name.
as_tr_cpp="eval sed 'y%*$as_cr_letters%P$as_cr_LETTERS%;s%[^_$as_cr_alnum]%_%g'"

# Sed expression to map a string onto a valid variable name.
as_tr_sh="eval sed 'y%*+%pp%;s%[^_$as_cr_alnum]%_%g'"


test -n "$DJDIR" || exec 7<&0 &1

# Name of the host.
# hostname on some systems (SVR3.2, old GNU/Linux) returns a bogus exit status,
# so uname gets run too.
ac_hostname=`(hostname || uname -n) 2>/dev/null | sed 1q`

#
# Initializations.
#
ac_default_prefix=/usr/local
ac_clean_files=
ac_config_libobj_dir=.
LIBOBJS=
cross_compiling=no
subdirs=
MFLAGS=
MAKEFLAGS=

# Identity of this package.
PACKAGE_NAME='stow'
PACKAGE_TARNAME='stow'
PACKAGE_VERSION='2.2.0'
PACKAGE_STRING='stow 2.2.0'
PACKAGE_BUGREPORT='bug-stow@gnu.org'
PACKAGE_URL=''

ac_subst_vars='LTLIBOBJS
LIBOBJS
PMDIR
PERL
am__untar
am__tar
AMTAR
am__leading_dot
SET_MAKE
AWK
mkdir_p
MKDIR_P
INSTALL_STRIP_PROGRAM
STRIP
install_sh
MAKEINFO
AUTOHEADER
AUTOMAKE
AUTOCONF
ACLOCAL
VERSION
PACKAGE
CYGPATH_W
am__isrc
INSTALL_DATA
INSTALL_SCRIPT
INSTALL_PROGRAM
target_alias
host_alias
build_alias
LIBS
ECHO_T
ECHO_N
ECHO_C
DEFS
mandir
localedir
libdir
psdir
pdfdir
dvidir
htmldir
infodir
docdir
oldincludedir
includedir
localstatedir
sharedstatedir
sysconfdir
datadir
datarootdir
libexecdir
sbindir
bindir
program_transform_name
prefix
exec_prefix
PACKAGE_URL
PACKAGE_BUGREPORT
PACKAGE_STRING
PACKAGE_VERSION
PACKAGE_TARNAME
PACKAGE_NAME
PATH_SEPARATOR
SHELL'
ac_subst_files=''
ac_user_opts='
enable_option_checking
with_pmdir
'
      ac_precious_vars='build_alias
host_alias
target_alias'


# Initialize some variables set by options.
ac_init_help=
ac_init_version=false
ac_unrecognized_opts=
ac_unrecognized_sep=
# The variables have the same names as the options, with
# dashes changed to underlines.
cache_file=/dev/null
exec_prefix=NONE
no_create=
no_recursion=
prefix=NONE
program_prefix=NONE
program_suffix=NONE
program_transform_name=s,x,x,
silent=
site=
srcdir=
verbose=
x_includes=NONE
x_libraries=NONE

# Installation directory options.
# These are left unexpanded so users can "make install exec_prefix=/foo"
# and all the variables that are supposed to be based on exec_prefix
# by default will actually change.
# Use braces instead of parens because sh, perl, etc. also accept them.
# (The list follows the same order as the GNU Coding Standards.)
bindir='${exec_prefix}/bin'
sbindir='${exec_prefix}/sbin'
libexecdir='${exec_prefix}/libexec'
datarootdir='${prefix}/share'
datadir='${datarootdir}'
sysconfdir='${prefix}/etc'
sharedstatedir='${prefix}/com'
localstatedir='${prefix}/var'
includedir='${prefix}/include'
oldincludedir='/usr/include'
docdir='${datarootdir}/doc/${PACKAGE_TARNAME}'
infodir='${datarootdir}/info'
htmldir='${docdir}'
dvidir='${docdir}'
pdfdir='${docdir}'
psdir='${docdir}'
libdir='${exec_prefix}/lib'
localedir='${datarootdir}/locale'
mandir='${datarootdir}/man'

ac_prev=
ac_dashdash=
for ac_option
do
  # If the previous option needs an argument, assign it.
  if test -n "$ac_prev"; then
    eval $ac_prev=\$ac_option
    ac_prev=
    continue
  fi

  case $ac_option in
  *=?*) ac_optarg=`expr "X$ac_option" : '[^=]*=\(.*\)'` ;;
  *=)   ac_optarg= ;;
  *)    ac_optarg=yes ;;
  esac

  # Accept the important Cygnus configure options, so we can diagnose typos.

  case $ac_dashdash$ac_option in
  --)
    ac_dashdash=yes ;;

  -bindir | --bindir | --bindi | --bind | --bin | --bi)
    ac_prev=bindir ;;
  -bindir=* | --bindir=* | --bindi=* | --bind=* | --bin=* | --bi=*)
    bindir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -build | --build | --buil | --bui | --bu)
    ac_prev=build_alias ;;
  -build=* | --build=* | --buil=* | --bui=* | --bu=*)
    build_alias=$ac_optarg ;;

  -cache-file | --cache-file | --cache-fil | --cache-fi \
  | --cache-f | --cache- | --cache | --cach | --cac | --ca | --c)
    ac_prev=cache_file ;;
  -cache-file=* | --cache-file=* | --cache-fil=* | --cache-fi=* \
  | --cache-f=* | --cache-=* | --cache=* | --cach=* | --cac=* | --ca=* | --c=*)
    cache_file=$ac_optarg ;;

  --config-cache | -C)
    cache_file=config.cache ;;

  -datadir | --datadir | --datadi | --datad)
    ac_prev=datadir ;;
  -datadir=* | --datadir=* | --datadi=* | --datad=*)
    datadir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -datarootdir | --datarootdir | --datarootdi | --datarootd | --dataroot \
  | --dataroo | --dataro | --datar)
    ac_prev=datarootdir ;;
  -datarootdir=* | --datarootdir=* | --datarootdi=* | --datarootd=* \
  | --dataroot=* | --dataroo=* | --dataro=* | --datar=*)
    datarootdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -disable-* | --disable-*)
    ac_useropt=`expr "x$ac_option" : 'x-*disable-\(.*\)'`
    # Reject names that are not valid shell variable names.
    expr "x$ac_useropt" : ".*[^-+._$as_cr_alnum]" >/dev/null &&
      as_fn_error $? "invalid feature name: $ac_useropt"
    ac_useropt_orig=$ac_useropt
    ac_useropt=`$as_echo "$ac_useropt" | sed 's/[-+.]/_/g'`
    case $ac_user_opts in
      *"
"enable_$ac_useropt"
"*) ;;
      *) ac_unrecognized_opts="$ac_unrecognized_opts$ac_unrecognized_sep--disable-$ac_useropt_orig"
	 ac_unrecognized_sep=', ';;
    esac
    eval enable_$ac_useropt=no ;;

  -docdir | --docdir | --docdi | --doc | --do)
    ac_prev=docdir ;;
  -docdir=* | --docdir=* | --docdi=* | --doc=* | --do=*)
    docdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -dvidir | --dvidir | --dvidi | --dvid | --dvi | --dv)
    ac_prev=dvidir ;;
  -dvidir=* | --dvidir=* | --dvidi=* | --dvid=* | --dvi=* | --dv=*)
    dvidir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -enable-* | --enable-*)
    ac_useropt=`expr "x$ac_option" : 'x-*enable-\([^=]*\)'`
    # Reject names that are not valid shell variable names.
    expr "x$ac_useropt" : ".*[^-+._$as_cr_alnum]" >/dev/null &&
      as_fn_error $? "invalid feature name: $ac_useropt"
    ac_useropt_orig=$ac_useropt
    ac_useropt=`$as_echo "$ac_useropt" | sed 's/[-+.]/_/g'`
    case $ac_user_opts in
      *"
"enable_$ac_useropt"
"*) ;;
      *) ac_unrecognized_opts="$ac_unrecognized_opts$ac_unrecognized_sep--enable-$ac_useropt_orig"
	 ac_unrecognized_sep=', ';;
    esac
    eval enable_$ac_useropt=\$ac_optarg ;;

  -exec-prefix | --exec_prefix | --exec-prefix | --exec-prefi \
  | --exec-pref | --exec-pre | --exec-pr | --exec-p | --exec- \
  | --exec | --exe | --ex)
    ac_prev=exec_prefix ;;
  -exec-prefix=* | --exec_prefix=* | --exec-prefix=* | --exec-prefi=* \
  | --exec-pref=* | --exec-pre=* | --exec-pr=* | --exec-p=* | --exec-=* \
  | --exec=* | --exe=* | --ex=*)
    exec_prefix=$ac_optarg ;;

  -gas | --gas | --ga | --g)
    # Obsolete; use --with-gas.
    with_gas=yes ;;

  -help | --help | --hel | --he | -h)
    ac_init_help=long ;;
  -help=r* | --help=r* | --hel=r* | --he=r* | -hr*)
    ac_init_help=recursive ;;
  -help=s* | --help=s* | --hel=s* | --he=s* | -hs*)
    ac_init_help=short ;;

  -host | --host | --hos | --ho)
    ac_prev=host_alias ;;
  -host=* | --host=* | --hos=* | --ho=*)
    host_alias=$ac_optarg ;;

  -htmldir | --htmldir | --htmldi | --htmld | --html | --htm | --ht)
    ac_prev=htmldir ;;
  -htmldir=* | --htmldir=* | --htmldi=* | --htmld=* | --html=* | --htm=* \
  | --ht=*)
    htmldir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -includedir | --includedir | --includedi | --included | --include \
  | --includ | --inclu | --incl | --inc)
    ac_prev=includedir ;;
  -includedir=* | --includedir=* | --includedi=* | --included=* | --include=* \
  | --includ=* | --inclu=* | --incl=* | --inc=*)
    includedir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -infodir | --infodir | --infodi | --infod | --info | --inf)
    ac_prev=infodir ;;
  -infodir=* | --infodir=* | --infodi=* | --infod=* | --info=* | --inf=*)
    infodir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -libdir | --libdir | --libdi | --libd)
    ac_prev=libdir ;;
  -libdir=* | --libdir=* | --libdi=* | --libd=*)
    libdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -libexecdir | --libexecdir | --libexecdi | --libexecd | --libexec \
  | --libexe | --libex | --libe)
    ac_prev=libexecdir ;;
  -libexecdir=* | --libexecdir=* | --libexecdi=* | --libexecd=* | --libexec=* \
  | --libexe=* | --libex=* | --libe=*)
    libexecdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -localedir | --localedir | --localedi | --localed | --locale)
    ac_prev=localedir ;;
  -localedir=* | --localedir=* | --localedi=* | --localed=* | --locale=*)
    localedir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -localstatedir | --localstatedir | --localstatedi | --localstated \
  | --localstate | --localstat | --localsta | --localst | --locals)
    ac_prev=localstatedir ;;
  -localstatedir=* | --localstatedir=* | --localstatedi=* | --localstated=* \
  | --localstate=* | --localstat=* | --localsta=* | --localst=* | --locals=*)
    localstatedir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -mandir | --mandir | --mandi | --mand | --man | --ma | --m)
    ac_prev=mandir ;;
  -mandir=* | --mandir=* | --mandi=* | --mand=* | --man=* | --ma=* | --m=*)
    mandir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -nfp | --nfp | --nf)
    # Obsolete; use --without-fp.
    with_fp=no ;;

  -no-create | --no-create | --no-creat | --no-crea | --no-cre \
  | --no-cr | --no-c | -n)
    no_create=yes ;;

  -no-recursion | --no-recursion | --no-recursio | --no-recursi \
  | --no-recurs | --no-recur | --no-recu | --no-rec | --no-re | --no-r)
    no_recursion=yes ;;

  -oldincludedir | --oldincludedir | --oldincludedi | --oldincluded \
  | --oldinclude | --oldinclud | --oldinclu | --oldincl | --oldinc \
  | --oldin | --oldi | --old | --ol | --o)
    ac_prev=oldincludedir ;;
  -oldincludedir=* | --oldincludedir=* | --oldincludedi=* | --oldincluded=* \
  | --oldinclude=* | --oldinclud=* | --oldinclu=* | --oldincl=* | --oldinc=* \
  | --oldin=* | --oldi=* | --old=* | --ol=* | --o=*)
    oldincludedir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -prefix | --prefix | --prefi | --pref | --pre | --pr | --p)
    ac_prev=prefix ;;
  -prefix=* | --prefix=* | --prefi=* | --pref=* | --pre=* | --pr=* | --p=*)
    prefix=$ac_optarg ;;

  -program-prefix | --program-prefix | --program-prefi | --program-pref \
  | --program-pre | --program-pr | --program-p)
    ac_prev=program_prefix ;;
  -program-prefix=* | --program-prefix=* | --program-prefi=* \
  | --program-pref=* | --program-pre=* | --program-pr=* | --program-p=*)
    program_prefix=$ac_optarg ;;

  -program-suffix | --program-suffix | --program-suffi | --program-suff \
  | --program-suf | --program-su | --program-s)
    ac_prev=program_suffix ;;
  -program-suffix=* | --program-suffix=* | --program-suffi=* \
  | --program-suff=* | --program-suf=* | --program-su=* | --program-s=*)
    program_suffix=$ac_optarg ;;

  -program-transform-name | --program-transform-name \
  | --program-transform-nam | --program-transform-na \
  | --program-transform-n | --program-transform- \
  | --program-transform | --program-transfor \
  | --program-transfo | --program-transf \
  | --program-trans | --program-tran \
  | --progr-tra | --program-tr | --program-t)
    ac_prev=program_transform_name ;;
  -program-transform-name=* | --program-transform-name=* \
  | --program-transform-nam=* | --program-transform-na=* \
  | --program-transform-n=* | --program-transform-=* \
  | --program-transform=* | --program-transfor=* \
  | --program-transfo=* | --program-transf=* \
  | --program-trans=* | --program-tran=* \
  | --progr-tra=* | --program-tr=* | --program-t=*)
    program_transform_name=$ac_optarg ;;

  -pdfdir | --pdfdir | --pdfdi | --pdfd | --pdf | --pd)
    ac_prev=pdfdir ;;
  -pdfdir=* | --pdfdir=* | --pdfdi=* | --pdfd=* | --pdf=* | --pd=*)
    pdfdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -psdir | --psdir | --psdi | --psd | --ps)
    ac_prev=psdir ;;
  -psdir=* | --psdir=* | --psdi=* | --psd=* | --ps=*)
    psdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -q | -quiet | --quiet | --quie | --qui | --qu | --q \
  | -silent | --silent | --silen | --sile | --sil)
    silent=yes ;;

  -sbindir | --sbindir | --sbindi | --sbind | --sbin | --sbi | --sb)
    ac_prev=sbindir ;;
  -sbindir=* | --sbindir=* | --sbindi=* | --sbind=* | --sbin=* \
  | --sbi=* | --sb=*)
    sbindir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -sharedstatedir | --sharedstatedir | --sharedstatedi \
  | --sharedstated | --sharedstate | --sharedstat | --sharedsta \
  | --sharedst | --shareds | --shared | --share | --shar \
  | --sha | --sh)
    ac_prev=sharedstatedir ;;
  -sharedstatedir=* | --sharedstatedir=* | --sharedstatedi=* \
  | --sharedstated=* | --sharedstate=* | --sharedstat=* | --sharedsta=* \
  | --sharedst=* | --shareds=* | --shared=* | --share=* | --shar=* \
  | --sha=* | --sh=*)
    sharedstatedir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -site | --site | --sit)
    ac_prev=site ;;
  -site=* | --site=* | --sit=*)
    site=$ac_optarg ;;

  -srcdir | --srcdir | --srcdi | --srcd | --src | --sr)
    ac_prev=srcdir ;;
  -srcdir=* | --srcdir=* | --srcdi=* | --srcd=* | --src=* | --sr=*)
    srcdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -sysconfdir | --sysconfdir | --sysconfdi | --sysconfd | --sysconf \
  | --syscon | --sysco | --sysc | --sys | --sy)
    ac_prev=sysconfdir ;;
  -sysconfdir=* | --sysconfdir=* | --sysconfdi=* | --sysconfd=* | --sysconf=* \
  | --syscon=* | --sysco=* | --sysc=* | --sys=* | --sy=*)
    sysconfdir=$ac_optarg ;;

  -target | --target | --targe | --targ | --tar | --ta | --t)
    ac_prev=target_alias ;;
  -target=* | --target=* | --targe=* | --targ=* | --tar=* | --ta=* | --t=*)
    target_alias=$ac_optarg ;;

  -v | -verbose | --verbose | --verbos | --verbo | --verb)
    verbose=yes ;;

  -version | --version | --versio | --versi | --vers | -V)
    ac_init_version=: ;;

  -with-* | --with-*)
    ac_useropt=`expr "x$ac_option" : 'x-*with-\([^=]*\)'`
    # Reject names that are not valid shell variable names.
    expr "x$ac_useropt" : ".*[^-+._$as_cr_alnum]" >/dev/null &&
      as_fn_error $? "invalid package name: $ac_useropt"
    ac_useropt_orig=$ac_useropt
    ac_useropt=`$as_echo "$ac_useropt" | sed 's/[-+.]/_/g'`
    case $ac_user_opts in
      *"
"with_$ac_useropt"
"*) ;;
      *) ac_unrecognized_opts="$ac_unrecognized_opts$ac_unrecognized_sep--with-$ac_useropt_orig"
	 ac_unrecognized_sep=', ';;
    esac
    eval with_$ac_useropt=\$ac_optarg ;;

  -without-* | --without-*)
    ac_useropt=`expr "x$ac_option" : 'x-*without-\(.*\)'`
    # Reject names that are not valid shell variable names.
    expr "x$ac_useropt" : ".*[^-+._$as_cr_alnum]" >/dev/null &&
      as_fn_error $? "invalid package name: $ac_useropt"
    ac_useropt_orig=$ac_useropt
    ac_useropt=`$as_echo "$ac_useropt" | sed 's/[-+.]/_/g'`
    case $ac_user_opts in
      *"
"with_$ac_useropt"
"*) ;;
      *) ac_unrecognized_opts="$ac_unrecognized_opts$ac_unrecognized_sep--without-$ac_useropt_orig"
	 ac_unrecognized_sep=', ';;
    esac
    eval with_$ac_useropt=no ;;

  --x)
    # Obsolete; use --with-x.
    with_x=yes ;;

  -x-includes | --x-includes | --x-include | --x-includ | --x-inclu \
  | --x-incl | --x-inc | --x-in | --x-i)
    ac_prev=x_includes ;;
  -x-includes=* | --x-includes=* | --x-include=* | --x-includ=* | --x-inclu=* \
  | --x-incl=* | --x-inc=* | --x-in=* | --x-i=*)
    x_includes=$ac_optarg ;;

  -x-libraries | --x-libraries | --x-librarie | --x-librari \
  | --x-librar | --x-libra | --x-libr | --x-lib | --x-li | --x-l)
    ac_prev=x_libraries ;;
  -x-libraries=* | --x-libraries=* | --x-librarie=* | --x-librari=* \
  | --x-librar=* | --x-libra=* | --x-libr=* | --x-lib=* | --x-li=* | --x-l=*)
    x_libraries=$ac_optarg ;;

  -*) as_fn_error $? "unrecognized option: \`$ac_option'
Try \`$0 --help' for more information"
    ;;

  *=*)
    ac_envvar=`expr "x$ac_option" : 'x\([^=]*\)='`
    # Reject names that are not valid shell variable names.
    case $ac_envvar in #(
      '' | [0-9]* | *[!_$as_cr_alnum]* )
      as_fn_error $? "invalid variable name: \`$ac_envvar'" ;;
    esac
    eval $ac_envvar=\$ac_optarg
    export $ac_envvar ;;

  *)
    # FIXME: should be removed in autoconf 3.0.
    $as_echo "$as_me: WARNING: you should use --build, --host, --target" >&2
    expr "x$ac_option" : ".*[^-._$as_cr_alnum]" >/dev/null &&
      $as_echo "$as_me: WARNING: invalid host type: $ac_option" >&2
    : "${build_alias=$ac_option} ${host_alias=$ac_option} ${target_alias=$ac_option}"
    ;;

  esac
done

if test -n "$ac_prev"; then
  ac_option=--`echo $ac_prev | sed 's/_/-/g'`
  as_fn_error $? "missing argument to $ac_option"
fi

if test -n "$ac_unrecognized_opts"; then
  case $enable_option_checking in
    no) ;;
    fatal) as_fn_error $? "unrecognized options: $ac_unrecognized_opts" ;;
    *)     $as_echo "$as_me: WARNING: unrecognized options: $ac_unrecognized_opts" >&2 ;;
  esac
fi

# Check all directory arguments for consistency.
for ac_var in	exec_prefix prefix bindir sbindir libexecdir datarootdir \
		datadir sysconfdir sharedstatedir localstatedir includedir \
		oldincludedir docdir infodir htmldir dvidir pdfdir psdir \
		libdir localedir mandir
do
  eval ac_val=\$$ac_var
  # Remove trailing slashes.
  case $ac_val in
    */ )
      ac_val=`expr "X$ac_val" : 'X\(.*[^/]\)' \| "X$ac_val" : 'X\(.*\)'`
      eval $ac_var=\$ac_val;;
  esac
  # Be sure to have absolute directory names.
  case $ac_val in
    [\\/$]* | ?:[\\/]* )  continue;;
    NONE | '' ) case $ac_var in *prefix ) continue;; esac;;
  esac
  as_fn_error $? "expected an absolute directory name for --$ac_var: $ac_val"
done

# There might be people who depend on the old broken behavior: `$host'
# used to hold the argument of --host etc.
# FIXME: To remove some day.
build=$build_alias
host=$host_alias
target=$target_alias

# FIXME: To remove some day.
if test "x$host_alias" != x; then
  if test "x$build_alias" = x; then
    cross_compiling=maybe
    $as_echo "$as_me: WARNING: if you wanted to set the --build type, don't use --host.
    If a cross compiler is detected then cross compile mode will be used" >&2
  elif test "x$build_alias" != "x$host_alias"; then
    cross_compiling=yes
  fi
fi

ac_tool_prefix=
test -n "$host_alias" && ac_tool_prefix=$host_alias-

test "$silent" = yes && exec 6>/dev/null


ac_pwd=`pwd` && test -n "$ac_pwd" &&
ac_ls_di=`ls -di .` &&
ac_pwd_ls_di=`cd "$ac_pwd" && ls -di .` ||
  as_fn_error $? "working directory cannot be determined"
test "X$ac_ls_di" = "X$ac_pwd_ls_di" ||
  as_fn_error $? "pwd does not report name of working directory"


# Find the source files, if location was not specified.
if test -z "$srcdir"; then
  ac_srcdir_defaulted=yes
  # Try the directory containing this script, then the parent directory.
  ac_confdir=`$as_dirname -- "$as_myself" ||
$as_expr X"$as_myself" : 'X\(.*[^/]\)//*[^/][^/]*/*$' \| \
	 X"$as_myself" : 'X\(//\)[^/]' \| \
	 X"$as_myself" : 'X\(//\)$' \| \
	 X"$as_myself" : 'X\(/\)' \| . 2>/dev/null ||
$as_echo X"$as_myself" |
    sed '/^X\(.*[^/]\)\/\/*[^/][^/]*\/*$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)[^/].*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\).*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  s/.*/./; q'`
  srcdir=$ac_confdir
  if test ! -r "$srcdir/$ac_unique_file"; then
    srcdir=..
  fi
else
  ac_srcdir_defaulted=no
fi
if test ! -r "$srcdir/$ac_unique_file"; then
  test "$ac_srcdir_defaulted" = yes && srcdir="$ac_confdir or .."
  as_fn_error $? "cannot find sources ($ac_unique_file) in $srcdir"
fi
ac_msg="sources are in $srcdir, but \`cd $srcdir' does not work"
ac_abs_confdir=`(
	cd "$srcdir" && test -r "./$ac_unique_file" || as_fn_error $? "$ac_msg"
	pwd)`
# When building in place, set srcdir=.
if test "$ac_abs_confdir" = "$ac_pwd"; then
  srcdir=.
fi
# Remove unnecessary trailing slashes from srcdir.
# Double slashes in file names in object file debugging info
# mess up M-x gdb in Emacs.
case $srcdir in
*/) srcdir=`expr "X$srcdir" : 'X\(.*[^/]\)' \| "X$srcdir" : 'X\(.*\)'`;;
esac
for ac_var in $ac_precious_vars; do
  eval ac_env_${ac_var}_set=\${${ac_var}+set}
  eval ac_env_${ac_var}_value=\$${ac_var}
  eval ac_cv_env_${ac_var}_set=\${${ac_var}+set}
  eval ac_cv_env_${ac_var}_value=\$${ac_var}
done

#
# Report the --help message.
#
if test "$ac_init_help" = "long"; then
  # Omit some internal or obsolete options to make the list less imposing.
  # This message is too long to be a string in the A/UX 3.1 sh.
  cat <<_ACEOF
\`configure' configures stow 2.2.0 to adapt to many kinds of systems.

Usage: $0 [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...

To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as
VAR=VALUE.  See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.

Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.

Configuration:
  -h, --help              display this help and exit
      --help=short        display options specific to this package
      --help=recursive    display the short help of all the included packages
  -V, --version           display version information and exit
  -q, --quiet, --silent   do not print \`checking ...' messages
      --cache-file=FILE   cache test results in FILE [disabled]
  -C, --config-cache      alias for \`--cache-file=config.cache'
  -n, --no-create         do not create output files
      --srcdir=DIR        find the sources in DIR [configure dir or \`..']

Installation directories:
  --prefix=PREFIX         install architecture-independent files in PREFIX
                          [$ac_default_prefix]
  --exec-prefix=EPREFIX   install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX
                          [PREFIX]

By default, \`make install' will install all the files in
\`$ac_default_prefix/bin', \`$ac_default_prefix/lib' etc.  You can specify
an installation prefix other than \`$ac_default_prefix' using \`--prefix',
for instance \`--prefix=\$HOME'.

For better control, use the options below.

Fine tuning of the installation directories:
  --bindir=DIR            user executables [EPREFIX/bin]
  --sbindir=DIR           system admin executables [EPREFIX/sbin]
  --libexecdir=DIR        program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]
  --sysconfdir=DIR        read-only single-machine data [PREFIX/etc]
  --sharedstatedir=DIR    modifiable architecture-independent data [PREFIX/com]
  --localstatedir=DIR     modifiable single-machine data [PREFIX/var]
  --libdir=DIR            object code libraries [EPREFIX/lib]
  --includedir=DIR        C header files [PREFIX/include]
  --oldincludedir=DIR     C header files for non-gcc [/usr/include]
  --datarootdir=DIR       read-only arch.-independent data root [PREFIX/share]
  --datadir=DIR           read-only architecture-independent data [DATAROOTDIR]
  --infodir=DIR           info documentation [DATAROOTDIR/info]
  --localedir=DIR         locale-dependent data [DATAROOTDIR/locale]
  --mandir=DIR            man documentation [DATAROOTDIR/man]
  --docdir=DIR            documentation root [DATAROOTDIR/doc/stow]
  --htmldir=DIR           html documentation [DOCDIR]
  --dvidir=DIR            dvi documentation [DOCDIR]
  --pdfdir=DIR            pdf documentation [DOCDIR]
  --psdir=DIR             ps documentation [DOCDIR]
_ACEOF

  cat <<\_ACEOF

Program names:
  --program-prefix=PREFIX            prepend PREFIX to installed program names
  --program-suffix=SUFFIX            append SUFFIX to installed program names
  --program-transform-name=PROGRAM   run sed PROGRAM on installed program names
_ACEOF
fi

if test -n "$ac_init_help"; then
  case $ac_init_help in
     short | recursive ) echo "Configuration of stow 2.2.0:";;
   esac
  cat <<\_ACEOF

Optional Packages:
  --with-PACKAGE[=ARG]    use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]
  --without-PACKAGE       do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)
  --with-pmdir=DIR        Install Perl modules in DIR

Report bugs to .
_ACEOF
ac_status=$?
fi

if test "$ac_init_help" = "recursive"; then
  # If there are subdirs, report their specific --help.
  for ac_dir in : $ac_subdirs_all; do test "x$ac_dir" = x: && continue
    test -d "$ac_dir" ||
      { cd "$srcdir" && ac_pwd=`pwd` && srcdir=. && test -d "$ac_dir"; } ||
      continue
    ac_builddir=.

case "$ac_dir" in
.) ac_dir_suffix= ac_top_builddir_sub=. ac_top_build_prefix= ;;
*)
  ac_dir_suffix=/`$as_echo "$ac_dir" | sed 's|^\.[\\/]||'`
  # A ".." for each directory in $ac_dir_suffix.
  ac_top_builddir_sub=`$as_echo "$ac_dir_suffix" | sed 's|/[^\\/]*|/..|g;s|/||'`
  case $ac_top_builddir_sub in
  "") ac_top_builddir_sub=. ac_top_build_prefix= ;;
  *)  ac_top_build_prefix=$ac_top_builddir_sub/ ;;
  esac ;;
esac
ac_abs_top_builddir=$ac_pwd
ac_abs_builddir=$ac_pwd$ac_dir_suffix
# for backward compatibility:
ac_top_builddir=$ac_top_build_prefix

case $srcdir in
  .)  # We are building in place.
    ac_srcdir=.
    ac_top_srcdir=$ac_top_builddir_sub
    ac_abs_top_srcdir=$ac_pwd ;;
  [\\/]* | ?:[\\/]* )  # Absolute name.
    ac_srcdir=$srcdir$ac_dir_suffix;
    ac_top_srcdir=$srcdir
    ac_abs_top_srcdir=$srcdir ;;
  *) # Relative name.
    ac_srcdir=$ac_top_build_prefix$srcdir$ac_dir_suffix
    ac_top_srcdir=$ac_top_build_prefix$srcdir
    ac_abs_top_srcdir=$ac_pwd/$srcdir ;;
esac
ac_abs_srcdir=$ac_abs_top_srcdir$ac_dir_suffix

    cd "$ac_dir" || { ac_status=$?; continue; }
    # Check for guested configure.
    if test -f "$ac_srcdir/configure.gnu"; then
      echo &&
      $SHELL "$ac_srcdir/configure.gnu" --help=recursive
    elif test -f "$ac_srcdir/configure"; then
      echo &&
      $SHELL "$ac_srcdir/configure" --help=recursive
    else
      $as_echo "$as_me: WARNING: no configuration information is in $ac_dir" >&2
    fi || ac_status=$?
    cd "$ac_pwd" || { ac_status=$?; break; }
  done
fi

test -n "$ac_init_help" && exit $ac_status
if $ac_init_version; then
  cat <<\_ACEOF
stow configure 2.2.0
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.68

Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This configure script is free software; the Free Software Foundation
gives unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it.
_ACEOF
  exit
fi

## ------------------------ ##
## Autoconf initialization. ##
## ------------------------ ##
cat >config.log <<_ACEOF
This file contains any messages produced by compilers while
running configure, to aid debugging if configure makes a mistake.

It was created by stow $as_me 2.2.0, which was
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.68.  Invocation command line was

  $ $0 $@

_ACEOF
exec 5>>config.log
{
cat <<_ASUNAME
## --------- ##
## Platform. ##
## --------- ##

hostname = `(hostname || uname -n) 2>/dev/null | sed 1q`
uname -m = `(uname -m) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
uname -r = `(uname -r) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
uname -s = `(uname -s) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
uname -v = `(uname -v) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`

/usr/bin/uname -p = `(/usr/bin/uname -p) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
/bin/uname -X     = `(/bin/uname -X) 2>/dev/null     || echo unknown`

/bin/arch              = `(/bin/arch) 2>/dev/null              || echo unknown`
/usr/bin/arch -k       = `(/usr/bin/arch -k) 2>/dev/null       || echo unknown`
/usr/convex/getsysinfo = `(/usr/convex/getsysinfo) 2>/dev/null || echo unknown`
/usr/bin/hostinfo      = `(/usr/bin/hostinfo) 2>/dev/null      || echo unknown`
/bin/machine           = `(/bin/machine) 2>/dev/null           || echo unknown`
/usr/bin/oslevel       = `(/usr/bin/oslevel) 2>/dev/null       || echo unknown`
/bin/universe          = `(/bin/universe) 2>/dev/null          || echo unknown`

_ASUNAME

as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  test -z "$as_dir" && as_dir=.
    $as_echo "PATH: $as_dir"
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

} >&5

cat >&5 <<_ACEOF


## ----------- ##
## Core tests. ##
## ----------- ##

_ACEOF


# Keep a trace of the command line.
# Strip out --no-create and --no-recursion so they do not pile up.
# Strip out --silent because we don't want to record it for future runs.
# Also quote any args containing shell meta-characters.
# Make two passes to allow for proper duplicate-argument suppression.
ac_configure_args=
ac_configure_args0=
ac_configure_args1=
ac_must_keep_next=false
for ac_pass in 1 2
do
  for ac_arg
  do
    case $ac_arg in
    -no-create | --no-c* | -n | -no-recursion | --no-r*) continue ;;
    -q | -quiet | --quiet | --quie | --qui | --qu | --q \
    | -silent | --silent | --silen | --sile | --sil)
      continue ;;
    *\'*)
      ac_arg=`$as_echo "$ac_arg" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"` ;;
    esac
    case $ac_pass in
    1) as_fn_append ac_configure_args0 " '$ac_arg'" ;;
    2)
      as_fn_append ac_configure_args1 " '$ac_arg'"
      if test $ac_must_keep_next = true; then
	ac_must_keep_next=false # Got value, back to normal.
      else
	case $ac_arg in
	  *=* | --config-cache | -C | -disable-* | --disable-* \
	  | -enable-* | --enable-* | -gas | --g* | -nfp | --nf* \
	  | -q | -quiet | --q* | -silent | --sil* | -v | -verb* \
	  | -with-* | --with-* | -without-* | --without-* | --x)
	    case "$ac_configure_args0 " in
	      "$ac_configure_args1"*" '$ac_arg' "* ) continue ;;
	    esac
	    ;;
	  -* ) ac_must_keep_next=true ;;
	esac
      fi
      as_fn_append ac_configure_args " '$ac_arg'"
      ;;
    esac
  done
done
{ ac_configure_args0=; unset ac_configure_args0;}
{ ac_configure_args1=; unset ac_configure_args1;}

# When interrupted or exit'd, cleanup temporary files, and complete
# config.log.  We remove comments because anyway the quotes in there
# would cause problems or look ugly.
# WARNING: Use '\'' to represent an apostrophe within the trap.
# WARNING: Do not start the trap code with a newline, due to a FreeBSD 4.0 bug.
trap 'exit_status=$?
  # Save into config.log some information that might help in debugging.
  {
    echo

    $as_echo "## ---------------- ##
## Cache variables. ##
## ---------------- ##"
    echo
    # The following way of writing the cache mishandles newlines in values,
(
  for ac_var in `(set) 2>&1 | sed -n '\''s/^\([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*\)=.*/\1/p'\''`; do
    eval ac_val=\$$ac_var
    case $ac_val in #(
    *${as_nl}*)
      case $ac_var in #(
      *_cv_*) { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: cache variable $ac_var contains a newline" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: WARNING: cache variable $ac_var contains a newline" >&2;} ;;
      esac
      case $ac_var in #(
      _ | IFS | as_nl) ;; #(
      BASH_ARGV | BASH_SOURCE) eval $ac_var= ;; #(
      *) { eval $ac_var=; unset $ac_var;} ;;
      esac ;;
    esac
  done
  (set) 2>&1 |
    case $as_nl`(ac_space='\'' '\''; set) 2>&1` in #(
    *${as_nl}ac_space=\ *)
      sed -n \
	"s/'\''/'\''\\\\'\'''\''/g;
	  s/^\\([_$as_cr_alnum]*_cv_[_$as_cr_alnum]*\\)=\\(.*\\)/\\1='\''\\2'\''/p"
      ;; #(
    *)
      sed -n "/^[_$as_cr_alnum]*_cv_[_$as_cr_alnum]*=/p"
      ;;
    esac |
    sort
)
    echo

    $as_echo "## ----------------- ##
## Output variables. ##
## ----------------- ##"
    echo
    for ac_var in $ac_subst_vars
    do
      eval ac_val=\$$ac_var
      case $ac_val in
      *\'\''*) ac_val=`$as_echo "$ac_val" | sed "s/'\''/'\''\\\\\\\\'\'''\''/g"`;;
      esac
      $as_echo "$ac_var='\''$ac_val'\''"
    done | sort
    echo

    if test -n "$ac_subst_files"; then
      $as_echo "## ------------------- ##
## File substitutions. ##
## ------------------- ##"
      echo
      for ac_var in $ac_subst_files
      do
	eval ac_val=\$$ac_var
	case $ac_val in
	*\'\''*) ac_val=`$as_echo "$ac_val" | sed "s/'\''/'\''\\\\\\\\'\'''\''/g"`;;
	esac
	$as_echo "$ac_var='\''$ac_val'\''"
      done | sort
      echo
    fi

    if test -s confdefs.h; then
      $as_echo "## ----------- ##
## confdefs.h. ##
## ----------- ##"
      echo
      cat confdefs.h
      echo
    fi
    test "$ac_signal" != 0 &&
      $as_echo "$as_me: caught signal $ac_signal"
    $as_echo "$as_me: exit $exit_status"
  } >&5
  rm -f core *.core core.conftest.* &&
    rm -f -r conftest* confdefs* conf$$* $ac_clean_files &&
    exit $exit_status
' 0
for ac_signal in 1 2 13 15; do
  trap 'ac_signal='$ac_signal'; as_fn_exit 1' $ac_signal
done
ac_signal=0

# confdefs.h avoids OS command line length limits that DEFS can exceed.
rm -f -r conftest* confdefs.h

$as_echo "/* confdefs.h */" > confdefs.h

# Predefined preprocessor variables.

cat >>confdefs.h <<_ACEOF
#define PACKAGE_NAME "$PACKAGE_NAME"
_ACEOF

cat >>confdefs.h <<_ACEOF
#define PACKAGE_TARNAME "$PACKAGE_TARNAME"
_ACEOF

cat >>confdefs.h <<_ACEOF
#define PACKAGE_VERSION "$PACKAGE_VERSION"
_ACEOF

cat >>confdefs.h <<_ACEOF
#define PACKAGE_STRING "$PACKAGE_STRING"
_ACEOF

cat >>confdefs.h <<_ACEOF
#define PACKAGE_BUGREPORT "$PACKAGE_BUGREPORT"
_ACEOF

cat >>confdefs.h <<_ACEOF
#define PACKAGE_URL "$PACKAGE_URL"
_ACEOF


# Let the site file select an alternate cache file if it wants to.
# Prefer an explicitly selected file to automatically selected ones.
ac_site_file1=NONE
ac_site_file2=NONE
if test -n "$CONFIG_SITE"; then
  # We do not want a PATH search for config.site.
  case $CONFIG_SITE in #((
    -*)  ac_site_file1=./$CONFIG_SITE;;
    */*) ac_site_file1=$CONFIG_SITE;;
    *)   ac_site_file1=./$CONFIG_SITE;;
  esac
elif test "x$prefix" != xNONE; then
  ac_site_file1=$prefix/share/config.site
  ac_site_file2=$prefix/etc/config.site
else
  ac_site_file1=$ac_default_prefix/share/config.site
  ac_site_file2=$ac_default_prefix/etc/config.site
fi
for ac_site_file in "$ac_site_file1" "$ac_site_file2"
do
  test "x$ac_site_file" = xNONE && continue
  if test /dev/null != "$ac_site_file" && test -r "$ac_site_file"; then
    { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: loading site script $ac_site_file" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: loading site script $ac_site_file" >&6;}
    sed 's/^/| /' "$ac_site_file" >&5
    . "$ac_site_file" \
      || { { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&2;}
as_fn_error $? "failed to load site script $ac_site_file
See \`config.log' for more details" "$LINENO" 5; }
  fi
done

if test -r "$cache_file"; then
  # Some versions of bash will fail to source /dev/null (special files
  # actually), so we avoid doing that.  DJGPP emulates it as a regular file.
  if test /dev/null != "$cache_file" && test -f "$cache_file"; then
    { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: loading cache $cache_file" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: loading cache $cache_file" >&6;}
    case $cache_file in
      [\\/]* | ?:[\\/]* ) . "$cache_file";;
      *)                      . "./$cache_file";;
    esac
  fi
else
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: creating cache $cache_file" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: creating cache $cache_file" >&6;}
  >$cache_file
fi

# Check that the precious variables saved in the cache have kept the same
# value.
ac_cache_corrupted=false
for ac_var in $ac_precious_vars; do
  eval ac_old_set=\$ac_cv_env_${ac_var}_set
  eval ac_new_set=\$ac_env_${ac_var}_set
  eval ac_old_val=\$ac_cv_env_${ac_var}_value
  eval ac_new_val=\$ac_env_${ac_var}_value
  case $ac_old_set,$ac_new_set in
    set,)
      { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: \`$ac_var' was set to \`$ac_old_val' in the previous run" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: error: \`$ac_var' was set to \`$ac_old_val' in the previous run" >&2;}
      ac_cache_corrupted=: ;;
    ,set)
      { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: \`$ac_var' was not set in the previous run" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: error: \`$ac_var' was not set in the previous run" >&2;}
      ac_cache_corrupted=: ;;
    ,);;
    *)
      if test "x$ac_old_val" != "x$ac_new_val"; then
	# differences in whitespace do not lead to failure.
	ac_old_val_w=`echo x $ac_old_val`
	ac_new_val_w=`echo x $ac_new_val`
	if test "$ac_old_val_w" != "$ac_new_val_w"; then
	  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: \`$ac_var' has changed since the previous run:" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: error: \`$ac_var' has changed since the previous run:" >&2;}
	  ac_cache_corrupted=:
	else
	  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: warning: ignoring whitespace changes in \`$ac_var' since the previous run:" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: warning: ignoring whitespace changes in \`$ac_var' since the previous run:" >&2;}
	  eval $ac_var=\$ac_old_val
	fi
	{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}:   former value:  \`$ac_old_val'" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me:   former value:  \`$ac_old_val'" >&2;}
	{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}:   current value: \`$ac_new_val'" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me:   current value: \`$ac_new_val'" >&2;}
      fi;;
  esac
  # Pass precious variables to config.status.
  if test "$ac_new_set" = set; then
    case $ac_new_val in
    *\'*) ac_arg=$ac_var=`$as_echo "$ac_new_val" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"` ;;
    *) ac_arg=$ac_var=$ac_new_val ;;
    esac
    case " $ac_configure_args " in
      *" '$ac_arg' "*) ;; # Avoid dups.  Use of quotes ensures accuracy.
      *) as_fn_append ac_configure_args " '$ac_arg'" ;;
    esac
  fi
done
if $ac_cache_corrupted; then
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: error: in \`$ac_pwd':" >&2;}
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: changes in the environment can compromise the build" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: error: changes in the environment can compromise the build" >&2;}
  as_fn_error $? "run \`make distclean' and/or \`rm $cache_file' and start over" "$LINENO" 5
fi
## -------------------- ##
## Main body of script. ##
## -------------------- ##

ac_ext=c
ac_cpp='$CPP $CPPFLAGS'
ac_compile='$CC -c $CFLAGS $CPPFLAGS conftest.$ac_ext >&5'
ac_link='$CC -o conftest$ac_exeext $CFLAGS $CPPFLAGS $LDFLAGS conftest.$ac_ext $LIBS >&5'
ac_compiler_gnu=$ac_cv_c_compiler_gnu



ac_aux_dir=
for ac_dir in automake "$srcdir"/automake; do
  if test -f "$ac_dir/install-sh"; then
    ac_aux_dir=$ac_dir
    ac_install_sh="$ac_aux_dir/install-sh -c"
    break
  elif test -f "$ac_dir/install.sh"; then
    ac_aux_dir=$ac_dir
    ac_install_sh="$ac_aux_dir/install.sh -c"
    break
  elif test -f "$ac_dir/shtool"; then
    ac_aux_dir=$ac_dir
    ac_install_sh="$ac_aux_dir/shtool install -c"
    break
  fi
done
if test -z "$ac_aux_dir"; then
  as_fn_error $? "cannot find install-sh, install.sh, or shtool in automake \"$srcdir\"/automake" "$LINENO" 5
fi

# These three variables are undocumented and unsupported,
# and are intended to be withdrawn in a future Autoconf release.
# They can cause serious problems if a builder's source tree is in a directory
# whose full name contains unusual characters.
ac_config_guess="$SHELL $ac_aux_dir/config.guess"  # Please don't use this var.
ac_config_sub="$SHELL $ac_aux_dir/config.sub"  # Please don't use this var.
ac_configure="$SHELL $ac_aux_dir/configure"  # Please don't use this var.


# Unfortunately we have to disable warnings for overrides, because we
# need to override the built-in `check' rule and also the TEXI2DVI
# variable.
am__api_version='1.11'

# Find a good install program.  We prefer a C program (faster),
# so one script is as good as another.  But avoid the broken or
# incompatible versions:
# SysV /etc/install, /usr/sbin/install
# SunOS /usr/etc/install
# IRIX /sbin/install
# AIX /bin/install
# AmigaOS /C/install, which installs bootblocks on floppy discs
# AIX 4 /usr/bin/installbsd, which doesn't work without a -g flag
# AFS /usr/afsws/bin/install, which mishandles nonexistent args
# SVR4 /usr/ucb/install, which tries to use the nonexistent group "staff"
# OS/2's system install, which has a completely different semantic
# ./install, which can be erroneously created by make from ./install.sh.
# Reject install programs that cannot install multiple files.
{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for a BSD-compatible install" >&5
$as_echo_n "checking for a BSD-compatible install... " >&6; }
if test -z "$INSTALL"; then
if ${ac_cv_path_install+:} false; then :
  $as_echo_n "(cached) " >&6
else
  as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  test -z "$as_dir" && as_dir=.
    # Account for people who put trailing slashes in PATH elements.
case $as_dir/ in #((
  ./ | .// | /[cC]/* | \
  /etc/* | /usr/sbin/* | /usr/etc/* | /sbin/* | /usr/afsws/bin/* | \
  ?:[\\/]os2[\\/]install[\\/]* | ?:[\\/]OS2[\\/]INSTALL[\\/]* | \
  /usr/ucb/* ) ;;
  *)
    # OSF1 and SCO ODT 3.0 have their own names for install.
    # Don't use installbsd from OSF since it installs stuff as root
    # by default.
    for ac_prog in ginstall scoinst install; do
      for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
	if { test -f "$as_dir/$ac_prog$ac_exec_ext" && $as_test_x "$as_dir/$ac_prog$ac_exec_ext"; }; then
	  if test $ac_prog = install &&
	    grep dspmsg "$as_dir/$ac_prog$ac_exec_ext" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
	    # AIX install.  It has an incompatible calling convention.
	    :
	  elif test $ac_prog = install &&
	    grep pwplus "$as_dir/$ac_prog$ac_exec_ext" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
	    # program-specific install script used by HP pwplus--don't use.
	    :
	  else
	    rm -rf conftest.one conftest.two conftest.dir
	    echo one > conftest.one
	    echo two > conftest.two
	    mkdir conftest.dir
	    if "$as_dir/$ac_prog$ac_exec_ext" -c conftest.one conftest.two "`pwd`/conftest.dir" &&
	      test -s conftest.one && test -s conftest.two &&
	      test -s conftest.dir/conftest.one &&
	      test -s conftest.dir/conftest.two
	    then
	      ac_cv_path_install="$as_dir/$ac_prog$ac_exec_ext -c"
	      break 3
	    fi
	  fi
	fi
      done
    done
    ;;
esac

  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

rm -rf conftest.one conftest.two conftest.dir

fi
  if test "${ac_cv_path_install+set}" = set; then
    INSTALL=$ac_cv_path_install
  else
    # As a last resort, use the slow shell script.  Don't cache a
    # value for INSTALL within a source directory, because that will
    # break other packages using the cache if that directory is
    # removed, or if the value is a relative name.
    INSTALL=$ac_install_sh
  fi
fi
{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $INSTALL" >&5
$as_echo "$INSTALL" >&6; }

# Use test -z because SunOS4 sh mishandles braces in ${var-val}.
# It thinks the first close brace ends the variable substitution.
test -z "$INSTALL_PROGRAM" && INSTALL_PROGRAM='${INSTALL}'

test -z "$INSTALL_SCRIPT" && INSTALL_SCRIPT='${INSTALL}'

test -z "$INSTALL_DATA" && INSTALL_DATA='${INSTALL} -m 644'

{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking whether build environment is sane" >&5
$as_echo_n "checking whether build environment is sane... " >&6; }
# Just in case
sleep 1
echo timestamp > conftest.file
# Reject unsafe characters in $srcdir or the absolute working directory
# name.  Accept space and tab only in the latter.
am_lf='
'
case `pwd` in
  *[\\\"\#\$\&\'\`$am_lf]*)
    as_fn_error $? "unsafe absolute working directory name" "$LINENO" 5;;
esac
case $srcdir in
  *[\\\"\#\$\&\'\`$am_lf\ \	]*)
    as_fn_error $? "unsafe srcdir value: \`$srcdir'" "$LINENO" 5;;
esac

# Do `set' in a subshell so we don't clobber the current shell's
# arguments.  Must try -L first in case configure is actually a
# symlink; some systems play weird games with the mod time of symlinks
# (eg FreeBSD returns the mod time of the symlink's containing
# directory).
if (
   set X `ls -Lt "$srcdir/configure" conftest.file 2> /dev/null`
   if test "$*" = "X"; then
      # -L didn't work.
      set X `ls -t "$srcdir/configure" conftest.file`
   fi
   rm -f conftest.file
   if test "$*" != "X $srcdir/configure conftest.file" \
      && test "$*" != "X conftest.file $srcdir/configure"; then

      # If neither matched, then we have a broken ls.  This can happen
      # if, for instance, CONFIG_SHELL is bash and it inherits a
      # broken ls alias from the environment.  This has actually
      # happened.  Such a system could not be considered "sane".
      as_fn_error $? "ls -t appears to fail.  Make sure there is not a broken
alias in your environment" "$LINENO" 5
   fi

   test "$2" = conftest.file
   )
then
   # Ok.
   :
else
   as_fn_error $? "newly created file is older than distributed files!
Check your system clock" "$LINENO" 5
fi
{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
$as_echo "yes" >&6; }
test "$program_prefix" != NONE &&
  program_transform_name="s&^&$program_prefix&;$program_transform_name"
# Use a double $ so make ignores it.
test "$program_suffix" != NONE &&
  program_transform_name="s&\$&$program_suffix&;$program_transform_name"
# Double any \ or $.
# By default was `s,x,x', remove it if useless.
ac_script='s/[\\$]/&&/g;s/;s,x,x,$//'
program_transform_name=`$as_echo "$program_transform_name" | sed "$ac_script"`

# expand $ac_aux_dir to an absolute path
am_aux_dir=`cd $ac_aux_dir && pwd`

if test x"${MISSING+set}" != xset; then
  case $am_aux_dir in
  *\ * | *\	*)
    MISSING="\${SHELL} \"$am_aux_dir/missing\"" ;;
  *)
    MISSING="\${SHELL} $am_aux_dir/missing" ;;
  esac
fi
# Use eval to expand $SHELL
if eval "$MISSING --run true"; then
  am_missing_run="$MISSING --run "
else
  am_missing_run=
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: \`missing' script is too old or missing" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: WARNING: \`missing' script is too old or missing" >&2;}
fi

if test x"${install_sh}" != xset; then
  case $am_aux_dir in
  *\ * | *\	*)
    install_sh="\${SHELL} '$am_aux_dir/install-sh'" ;;
  *)
    install_sh="\${SHELL} $am_aux_dir/install-sh"
  esac
fi

# Installed binaries are usually stripped using `strip' when the user
# run `make install-strip'.  However `strip' might not be the right
# tool to use in cross-compilation environments, therefore Automake
# will honor the `STRIP' environment variable to overrule this program.
if test "$cross_compiling" != no; then
  if test -n "$ac_tool_prefix"; then
  # Extract the first word of "${ac_tool_prefix}strip", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy ${ac_tool_prefix}strip; ac_word=$2
{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
$as_echo_n "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if ${ac_cv_prog_STRIP+:} false; then :
  $as_echo_n "(cached) " >&6
else
  if test -n "$STRIP"; then
  ac_cv_prog_STRIP="$STRIP" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  test -z "$as_dir" && as_dir=.
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if { test -f "$as_dir/$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" && $as_test_x "$as_dir/$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; }; then
    ac_cv_prog_STRIP="${ac_tool_prefix}strip"
    $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir/$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi
fi
STRIP=$ac_cv_prog_STRIP
if test -n "$STRIP"; then
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $STRIP" >&5
$as_echo "$STRIP" >&6; }
else
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
$as_echo "no" >&6; }
fi


fi
if test -z "$ac_cv_prog_STRIP"; then
  ac_ct_STRIP=$STRIP
  # Extract the first word of "strip", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy strip; ac_word=$2
{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
$as_echo_n "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if ${ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_STRIP+:} false; then :
  $as_echo_n "(cached) " >&6
else
  if test -n "$ac_ct_STRIP"; then
  ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_STRIP="$ac_ct_STRIP" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  test -z "$as_dir" && as_dir=.
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if { test -f "$as_dir/$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" && $as_test_x "$as_dir/$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; }; then
    ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_STRIP="strip"
    $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir/$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi
fi
ac_ct_STRIP=$ac_cv_prog_ac_ct_STRIP
if test -n "$ac_ct_STRIP"; then
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $ac_ct_STRIP" >&5
$as_echo "$ac_ct_STRIP" >&6; }
else
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
$as_echo "no" >&6; }
fi

  if test "x$ac_ct_STRIP" = x; then
    STRIP=":"
  else
    case $cross_compiling:$ac_tool_warned in
yes:)
{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: using cross tools not prefixed with host triplet" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: WARNING: using cross tools not prefixed with host triplet" >&2;}
ac_tool_warned=yes ;;
esac
    STRIP=$ac_ct_STRIP
  fi
else
  STRIP="$ac_cv_prog_STRIP"
fi

fi
INSTALL_STRIP_PROGRAM="\$(install_sh) -c -s"

{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p" >&5
$as_echo_n "checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... " >&6; }
if test -z "$MKDIR_P"; then
  if ${ac_cv_path_mkdir+:} false; then :
  $as_echo_n "(cached) " >&6
else
  as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH$PATH_SEPARATOR/opt/sfw/bin
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  test -z "$as_dir" && as_dir=.
    for ac_prog in mkdir gmkdir; do
	 for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
	   { test -f "$as_dir/$ac_prog$ac_exec_ext" && $as_test_x "$as_dir/$ac_prog$ac_exec_ext"; } || continue
	   case `"$as_dir/$ac_prog$ac_exec_ext" --version 2>&1` in #(
	     'mkdir (GNU coreutils) '* | \
	     'mkdir (coreutils) '* | \
	     'mkdir (fileutils) '4.1*)
	       ac_cv_path_mkdir=$as_dir/$ac_prog$ac_exec_ext
	       break 3;;
	   esac
	 done
       done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi

  test -d ./--version && rmdir ./--version
  if test "${ac_cv_path_mkdir+set}" = set; then
    MKDIR_P="$ac_cv_path_mkdir -p"
  else
    # As a last resort, use the slow shell script.  Don't cache a
    # value for MKDIR_P within a source directory, because that will
    # break other packages using the cache if that directory is
    # removed, or if the value is a relative name.
    MKDIR_P="$ac_install_sh -d"
  fi
fi
{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $MKDIR_P" >&5
$as_echo "$MKDIR_P" >&6; }

mkdir_p="$MKDIR_P"
case $mkdir_p in
  [\\/$]* | ?:[\\/]*) ;;
  */*) mkdir_p="\$(top_builddir)/$mkdir_p" ;;
esac

for ac_prog in gawk mawk nawk awk
do
  # Extract the first word of "$ac_prog", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy $ac_prog; ac_word=$2
{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
$as_echo_n "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if ${ac_cv_prog_AWK+:} false; then :
  $as_echo_n "(cached) " >&6
else
  if test -n "$AWK"; then
  ac_cv_prog_AWK="$AWK" # Let the user override the test.
else
as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  test -z "$as_dir" && as_dir=.
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if { test -f "$as_dir/$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" && $as_test_x "$as_dir/$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; }; then
    ac_cv_prog_AWK="$ac_prog"
    $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir/$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

fi
fi
AWK=$ac_cv_prog_AWK
if test -n "$AWK"; then
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $AWK" >&5
$as_echo "$AWK" >&6; }
else
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
$as_echo "no" >&6; }
fi


  test -n "$AWK" && break
done

{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking whether ${MAKE-make} sets \$(MAKE)" >&5
$as_echo_n "checking whether ${MAKE-make} sets \$(MAKE)... " >&6; }
set x ${MAKE-make}
ac_make=`$as_echo "$2" | sed 's/+/p/g; s/[^a-zA-Z0-9_]/_/g'`
if eval \${ac_cv_prog_make_${ac_make}_set+:} false; then :
  $as_echo_n "(cached) " >&6
else
  cat >conftest.make <<\_ACEOF
SHELL = /bin/sh
all:
	@echo '@@@%%%=$(MAKE)=@@@%%%'
_ACEOF
# GNU make sometimes prints "make[1]: Entering ...", which would confuse us.
case `${MAKE-make} -f conftest.make 2>/dev/null` in
  *@@@%%%=?*=@@@%%%*)
    eval ac_cv_prog_make_${ac_make}_set=yes;;
  *)
    eval ac_cv_prog_make_${ac_make}_set=no;;
esac
rm -f conftest.make
fi
if eval test \$ac_cv_prog_make_${ac_make}_set = yes; then
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
$as_echo "yes" >&6; }
  SET_MAKE=
else
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
$as_echo "no" >&6; }
  SET_MAKE="MAKE=${MAKE-make}"
fi

rm -rf .tst 2>/dev/null
mkdir .tst 2>/dev/null
if test -d .tst; then
  am__leading_dot=.
else
  am__leading_dot=_
fi
rmdir .tst 2>/dev/null

if test "`cd $srcdir && pwd`" != "`pwd`"; then
  # Use -I$(srcdir) only when $(srcdir) != ., so that make's output
  # is not polluted with repeated "-I."
  am__isrc=' -I$(srcdir)'
  # test to see if srcdir already configured
  if test -f $srcdir/config.status; then
    as_fn_error $? "source directory already configured; run \"make distclean\" there first" "$LINENO" 5
  fi
fi

# test whether we have cygpath
if test -z "$CYGPATH_W"; then
  if (cygpath --version) >/dev/null 2>/dev/null; then
    CYGPATH_W='cygpath -w'
  else
    CYGPATH_W=echo
  fi
fi


# Define the identity of the package.
 PACKAGE='stow'
 VERSION='2.2.0'


cat >>confdefs.h <<_ACEOF
#define PACKAGE "$PACKAGE"
_ACEOF


cat >>confdefs.h <<_ACEOF
#define VERSION "$VERSION"
_ACEOF

# Some tools Automake needs.

ACLOCAL=${ACLOCAL-"${am_missing_run}aclocal-${am__api_version}"}


AUTOCONF=${AUTOCONF-"${am_missing_run}autoconf"}


AUTOMAKE=${AUTOMAKE-"${am_missing_run}automake-${am__api_version}"}


AUTOHEADER=${AUTOHEADER-"${am_missing_run}autoheader"}


MAKEINFO=${MAKEINFO-"${am_missing_run}makeinfo"}

# We need awk for the "check" target.  The system "awk" is bad on
# some platforms.
# Always define AMTAR for backward compatibility.

AMTAR=${AMTAR-"${am_missing_run}tar"}

am__tar='${AMTAR} chof - "$$tardir"'; am__untar='${AMTAR} xf -'







for ac_prog in perl perl5
do
  # Extract the first word of "$ac_prog", so it can be a program name with args.
set dummy $ac_prog; ac_word=$2
{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking for $ac_word" >&5
$as_echo_n "checking for $ac_word... " >&6; }
if ${ac_cv_path_PERL+:} false; then :
  $as_echo_n "(cached) " >&6
else
  case $PERL in
  [\\/]* | ?:[\\/]*)
  ac_cv_path_PERL="$PERL" # Let the user override the test with a path.
  ;;
  *)
  as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  test -z "$as_dir" && as_dir=.
    for ac_exec_ext in '' $ac_executable_extensions; do
  if { test -f "$as_dir/$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" && $as_test_x "$as_dir/$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"; }; then
    ac_cv_path_PERL="$as_dir/$ac_word$ac_exec_ext"
    $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: found $as_dir/$ac_word$ac_exec_ext" >&5
    break 2
  fi
done
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

  ;;
esac
fi
PERL=$ac_cv_path_PERL
if test -n "$PERL"; then
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: $PERL" >&5
$as_echo "$PERL" >&6; }
else
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
$as_echo "no" >&6; }
fi


  test -n "$PERL" && break
done
test -n "$PERL" || PERL="false"

if test "x$PERL" = xfalse
then
  as_fn_error $? "Perl not found; check your \$PATH." "$LINENO" 5
fi

missing_test_deps=
for mod in Test::More Test::Output; do
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: checking $mod" >&5
$as_echo_n "checking $mod... " >&6; }
  if $PERL -M$mod -e 1 2>/dev/null
  then
    { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: yes" >&5
$as_echo "yes" >&6; }
  else
    { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: result: no" >&5
$as_echo "no" >&6; }
    missing_test_deps="$missing_test_deps $mod"
  fi
done

# N.B. ${var#pattern} will not work with some shells, such as
# Solaris 10's /bin/sh :-(
#
#   http://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf/manual/autoconf.html#Portable-Shell
#
#   eval `$PERL -V:siteprefix -V:installsitelib`
#   pmdir_relative_path="${installsitelib#$siteprefix/}"
#
# This will work:
#
#   pmdir_relative_path=`echo "${installsitelib}" | sed -e "s!^$siteprefix/!!"`
#
# but this is cleaner:
pmdir_relative_path=`\
  $PERL -MConfig \
        -wle '($_ = $Config{installsitelib})
              =~ s!^\Q$Config{siteprefix}/!!; \
              print'`


# Check whether --with-pmdir was given.
if test "${with_pmdir+set}" = set; then :
  withval=$with_pmdir; PMDIR=${withval}
else
  PMDIR='${prefix}'/"$pmdir_relative_path"
fi




ac_config_files="$ac_config_files Makefile"

cat >confcache <<\_ACEOF
# This file is a shell script that caches the results of configure
# tests run on this system so they can be shared between configure
# scripts and configure runs, see configure's option --config-cache.
# It is not useful on other systems.  If it contains results you don't
# want to keep, you may remove or edit it.
#
# config.status only pays attention to the cache file if you give it
# the --recheck option to rerun configure.
#
# `ac_cv_env_foo' variables (set or unset) will be overridden when
# loading this file, other *unset* `ac_cv_foo' will be assigned the
# following values.

_ACEOF

# The following way of writing the cache mishandles newlines in values,
# but we know of no workaround that is simple, portable, and efficient.
# So, we kill variables containing newlines.
# Ultrix sh set writes to stderr and can't be redirected directly,
# and sets the high bit in the cache file unless we assign to the vars.
(
  for ac_var in `(set) 2>&1 | sed -n 's/^\([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*\)=.*/\1/p'`; do
    eval ac_val=\$$ac_var
    case $ac_val in #(
    *${as_nl}*)
      case $ac_var in #(
      *_cv_*) { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: cache variable $ac_var contains a newline" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: WARNING: cache variable $ac_var contains a newline" >&2;} ;;
      esac
      case $ac_var in #(
      _ | IFS | as_nl) ;; #(
      BASH_ARGV | BASH_SOURCE) eval $ac_var= ;; #(
      *) { eval $ac_var=; unset $ac_var;} ;;
      esac ;;
    esac
  done

  (set) 2>&1 |
    case $as_nl`(ac_space=' '; set) 2>&1` in #(
    *${as_nl}ac_space=\ *)
      # `set' does not quote correctly, so add quotes: double-quote
      # substitution turns \\\\ into \\, and sed turns \\ into \.
      sed -n \
	"s/'/'\\\\''/g;
	  s/^\\([_$as_cr_alnum]*_cv_[_$as_cr_alnum]*\\)=\\(.*\\)/\\1='\\2'/p"
      ;; #(
    *)
      # `set' quotes correctly as required by POSIX, so do not add quotes.
      sed -n "/^[_$as_cr_alnum]*_cv_[_$as_cr_alnum]*=/p"
      ;;
    esac |
    sort
) |
  sed '
     /^ac_cv_env_/b end
     t clear
     :clear
     s/^\([^=]*\)=\(.*[{}].*\)$/test "${\1+set}" = set || &/
     t end
     s/^\([^=]*\)=\(.*\)$/\1=${\1=\2}/
     :end' >>confcache
if diff "$cache_file" confcache >/dev/null 2>&1; then :; else
  if test -w "$cache_file"; then
    if test "x$cache_file" != "x/dev/null"; then
      { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: updating cache $cache_file" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: updating cache $cache_file" >&6;}
      if test ! -f "$cache_file" || test -h "$cache_file"; then
	cat confcache >"$cache_file"
      else
        case $cache_file in #(
        */* | ?:*)
	  mv -f confcache "$cache_file"$$ &&
	  mv -f "$cache_file"$$ "$cache_file" ;; #(
        *)
	  mv -f confcache "$cache_file" ;;
	esac
      fi
    fi
  else
    { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: not updating unwritable cache $cache_file" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: not updating unwritable cache $cache_file" >&6;}
  fi
fi
rm -f confcache

test "x$prefix" = xNONE && prefix=$ac_default_prefix
# Let make expand exec_prefix.
test "x$exec_prefix" = xNONE && exec_prefix='${prefix}'

# Transform confdefs.h into DEFS.
# Protect against shell expansion while executing Makefile rules.
# Protect against Makefile macro expansion.
#
# If the first sed substitution is executed (which looks for macros that
# take arguments), then branch to the quote section.  Otherwise,
# look for a macro that doesn't take arguments.
ac_script='
:mline
/\\$/{
 N
 s,\\\n,,
 b mline
}
t clear
:clear
s/^[	 ]*#[	 ]*define[	 ][	 ]*\([^	 (][^	 (]*([^)]*)\)[	 ]*\(.*\)/-D\1=\2/g
t quote
s/^[	 ]*#[	 ]*define[	 ][	 ]*\([^	 ][^	 ]*\)[	 ]*\(.*\)/-D\1=\2/g
t quote
b any
:quote
s/[	 `~#$^&*(){}\\|;'\''"<>?]/\\&/g
s/\[/\\&/g
s/\]/\\&/g
s/\$/$$/g
H
:any
${
	g
	s/^\n//
	s/\n/ /g
	p
}
'
DEFS=`sed -n "$ac_script" confdefs.h`


ac_libobjs=
ac_ltlibobjs=
U=
for ac_i in : $LIBOBJS; do test "x$ac_i" = x: && continue
  # 1. Remove the extension, and $U if already installed.
  ac_script='s/\$U\././;s/\.o$//;s/\.obj$//'
  ac_i=`$as_echo "$ac_i" | sed "$ac_script"`
  # 2. Prepend LIBOBJDIR.  When used with automake>=1.10 LIBOBJDIR
  #    will be set to the directory where LIBOBJS objects are built.
  as_fn_append ac_libobjs " \${LIBOBJDIR}$ac_i\$U.$ac_objext"
  as_fn_append ac_ltlibobjs " \${LIBOBJDIR}$ac_i"'$U.lo'
done
LIBOBJS=$ac_libobjs

LTLIBOBJS=$ac_ltlibobjs




: "${CONFIG_STATUS=./config.status}"
ac_write_fail=0
ac_clean_files_save=$ac_clean_files
ac_clean_files="$ac_clean_files $CONFIG_STATUS"
{ $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: creating $CONFIG_STATUS" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: creating $CONFIG_STATUS" >&6;}
as_write_fail=0
cat >$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ASEOF || as_write_fail=1
#! $SHELL
# Generated by $as_me.
# Run this file to recreate the current configuration.
# Compiler output produced by configure, useful for debugging
# configure, is in config.log if it exists.

debug=false
ac_cs_recheck=false
ac_cs_silent=false

SHELL=\${CONFIG_SHELL-$SHELL}
export SHELL
_ASEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ASEOF || as_write_fail=1
## -------------------- ##
## M4sh Initialization. ##
## -------------------- ##

# Be more Bourne compatible
DUALCASE=1; export DUALCASE # for MKS sh
if test -n "${ZSH_VERSION+set}" && (emulate sh) >/dev/null 2>&1; then :
  emulate sh
  NULLCMD=:
  # Pre-4.2 versions of Zsh do word splitting on ${1+"$@"}, which
  # is contrary to our usage.  Disable this feature.
  alias -g '${1+"$@"}'='"$@"'
  setopt NO_GLOB_SUBST
else
  case `(set -o) 2>/dev/null` in #(
  *posix*) :
    set -o posix ;; #(
  *) :
     ;;
esac
fi


as_nl='
'
export as_nl
# Printing a long string crashes Solaris 7 /usr/bin/printf.
as_echo='\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'
as_echo=$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo
as_echo=$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo$as_echo
# Prefer a ksh shell builtin over an external printf program on Solaris,
# but without wasting forks for bash or zsh.
if test -z "$BASH_VERSION$ZSH_VERSION" \
    && (test "X`print -r -- $as_echo`" = "X$as_echo") 2>/dev/null; then
  as_echo='print -r --'
  as_echo_n='print -rn --'
elif (test "X`printf %s $as_echo`" = "X$as_echo") 2>/dev/null; then
  as_echo='printf %s\n'
  as_echo_n='printf %s'
else
  if test "X`(/usr/ucb/echo -n -n $as_echo) 2>/dev/null`" = "X-n $as_echo"; then
    as_echo_body='eval /usr/ucb/echo -n "$1$as_nl"'
    as_echo_n='/usr/ucb/echo -n'
  else
    as_echo_body='eval expr "X$1" : "X\\(.*\\)"'
    as_echo_n_body='eval
      arg=$1;
      case $arg in #(
      *"$as_nl"*)
	expr "X$arg" : "X\\(.*\\)$as_nl";
	arg=`expr "X$arg" : ".*$as_nl\\(.*\\)"`;;
      esac;
      expr "X$arg" : "X\\(.*\\)" | tr -d "$as_nl"
    '
    export as_echo_n_body
    as_echo_n='sh -c $as_echo_n_body as_echo'
  fi
  export as_echo_body
  as_echo='sh -c $as_echo_body as_echo'
fi

# The user is always right.
if test "${PATH_SEPARATOR+set}" != set; then
  PATH_SEPARATOR=:
  (PATH='/bin;/bin'; FPATH=$PATH; sh -c :) >/dev/null 2>&1 && {
    (PATH='/bin:/bin'; FPATH=$PATH; sh -c :) >/dev/null 2>&1 ||
      PATH_SEPARATOR=';'
  }
fi


# IFS
# We need space, tab and new line, in precisely that order.  Quoting is
# there to prevent editors from complaining about space-tab.
# (If _AS_PATH_WALK were called with IFS unset, it would disable word
# splitting by setting IFS to empty value.)
IFS=" ""	$as_nl"

# Find who we are.  Look in the path if we contain no directory separator.
as_myself=
case $0 in #((
  *[\\/]* ) as_myself=$0 ;;
  *) as_save_IFS=$IFS; IFS=$PATH_SEPARATOR
for as_dir in $PATH
do
  IFS=$as_save_IFS
  test -z "$as_dir" && as_dir=.
    test -r "$as_dir/$0" && as_myself=$as_dir/$0 && break
  done
IFS=$as_save_IFS

     ;;
esac
# We did not find ourselves, most probably we were run as `sh COMMAND'
# in which case we are not to be found in the path.
if test "x$as_myself" = x; then
  as_myself=$0
fi
if test ! -f "$as_myself"; then
  $as_echo "$as_myself: error: cannot find myself; rerun with an absolute file name" >&2
  exit 1
fi

# Unset variables that we do not need and which cause bugs (e.g. in
# pre-3.0 UWIN ksh).  But do not cause bugs in bash 2.01; the "|| exit 1"
# suppresses any "Segmentation fault" message there.  '((' could
# trigger a bug in pdksh 5.2.14.
for as_var in BASH_ENV ENV MAIL MAILPATH
do eval test x\${$as_var+set} = xset \
  && ( (unset $as_var) || exit 1) >/dev/null 2>&1 && unset $as_var || :
done
PS1='$ '
PS2='> '
PS4='+ '

# NLS nuisances.
LC_ALL=C
export LC_ALL
LANGUAGE=C
export LANGUAGE

# CDPATH.
(unset CDPATH) >/dev/null 2>&1 && unset CDPATH


# as_fn_error STATUS ERROR [LINENO LOG_FD]
# ----------------------------------------
# Output "`basename $0`: error: ERROR" to stderr. If LINENO and LOG_FD are
# provided, also output the error to LOG_FD, referencing LINENO. Then exit the
# script with STATUS, using 1 if that was 0.
as_fn_error ()
{
  as_status=$1; test $as_status -eq 0 && as_status=1
  if test "$4"; then
    as_lineno=${as_lineno-"$3"} as_lineno_stack=as_lineno_stack=$as_lineno_stack
    $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: error: $2" >&$4
  fi
  $as_echo "$as_me: error: $2" >&2
  as_fn_exit $as_status
} # as_fn_error


# as_fn_set_status STATUS
# -----------------------
# Set $? to STATUS, without forking.
as_fn_set_status ()
{
  return $1
} # as_fn_set_status

# as_fn_exit STATUS
# -----------------
# Exit the shell with STATUS, even in a "trap 0" or "set -e" context.
as_fn_exit ()
{
  set +e
  as_fn_set_status $1
  exit $1
} # as_fn_exit

# as_fn_unset VAR
# ---------------
# Portably unset VAR.
as_fn_unset ()
{
  { eval $1=; unset $1;}
}
as_unset=as_fn_unset
# as_fn_append VAR VALUE
# ----------------------
# Append the text in VALUE to the end of the definition contained in VAR. Take
# advantage of any shell optimizations that allow amortized linear growth over
# repeated appends, instead of the typical quadratic growth present in naive
# implementations.
if (eval "as_var=1; as_var+=2; test x\$as_var = x12") 2>/dev/null; then :
  eval 'as_fn_append ()
  {
    eval $1+=\$2
  }'
else
  as_fn_append ()
  {
    eval $1=\$$1\$2
  }
fi # as_fn_append

# as_fn_arith ARG...
# ------------------
# Perform arithmetic evaluation on the ARGs, and store the result in the
# global $as_val. Take advantage of shells that can avoid forks. The arguments
# must be portable across $(()) and expr.
if (eval "test \$(( 1 + 1 )) = 2") 2>/dev/null; then :
  eval 'as_fn_arith ()
  {
    as_val=$(( $* ))
  }'
else
  as_fn_arith ()
  {
    as_val=`expr "$@" || test $? -eq 1`
  }
fi # as_fn_arith


if expr a : '\(a\)' >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
   test "X`expr 00001 : '.*\(...\)'`" = X001; then
  as_expr=expr
else
  as_expr=false
fi

if (basename -- /) >/dev/null 2>&1 && test "X`basename -- / 2>&1`" = "X/"; then
  as_basename=basename
else
  as_basename=false
fi

if (as_dir=`dirname -- /` && test "X$as_dir" = X/) >/dev/null 2>&1; then
  as_dirname=dirname
else
  as_dirname=false
fi

as_me=`$as_basename -- "$0" ||
$as_expr X/"$0" : '.*/\([^/][^/]*\)/*$' \| \
	 X"$0" : 'X\(//\)$' \| \
	 X"$0" : 'X\(/\)' \| . 2>/dev/null ||
$as_echo X/"$0" |
    sed '/^.*\/\([^/][^/]*\)\/*$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\/\(\/\/\)$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\/\(\/\).*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  s/.*/./; q'`

# Avoid depending upon Character Ranges.
as_cr_letters='abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
as_cr_LETTERS='ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
as_cr_Letters=$as_cr_letters$as_cr_LETTERS
as_cr_digits='0123456789'
as_cr_alnum=$as_cr_Letters$as_cr_digits

ECHO_C= ECHO_N= ECHO_T=
case `echo -n x` in #(((((
-n*)
  case `echo 'xy\c'` in
  *c*) ECHO_T='	';;	# ECHO_T is single tab character.
  xy)  ECHO_C='\c';;
  *)   echo `echo ksh88 bug on AIX 6.1` > /dev/null
       ECHO_T='	';;
  esac;;
*)
  ECHO_N='-n';;
esac

rm -f conf$$ conf$$.exe conf$$.file
if test -d conf$$.dir; then
  rm -f conf$$.dir/conf$$.file
else
  rm -f conf$$.dir
  mkdir conf$$.dir 2>/dev/null
fi
if (echo >conf$$.file) 2>/dev/null; then
  if ln -s conf$$.file conf$$ 2>/dev/null; then
    as_ln_s='ln -s'
    # ... but there are two gotchas:
    # 1) On MSYS, both `ln -s file dir' and `ln file dir' fail.
    # 2) DJGPP < 2.04 has no symlinks; `ln -s' creates a wrapper executable.
    # In both cases, we have to default to `cp -p'.
    ln -s conf$$.file conf$$.dir 2>/dev/null && test ! -f conf$$.exe ||
      as_ln_s='cp -p'
  elif ln conf$$.file conf$$ 2>/dev/null; then
    as_ln_s=ln
  else
    as_ln_s='cp -p'
  fi
else
  as_ln_s='cp -p'
fi
rm -f conf$$ conf$$.exe conf$$.dir/conf$$.file conf$$.file
rmdir conf$$.dir 2>/dev/null


# as_fn_mkdir_p
# -------------
# Create "$as_dir" as a directory, including parents if necessary.
as_fn_mkdir_p ()
{

  case $as_dir in #(
  -*) as_dir=./$as_dir;;
  esac
  test -d "$as_dir" || eval $as_mkdir_p || {
    as_dirs=
    while :; do
      case $as_dir in #(
      *\'*) as_qdir=`$as_echo "$as_dir" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"`;; #'(
      *) as_qdir=$as_dir;;
      esac
      as_dirs="'$as_qdir' $as_dirs"
      as_dir=`$as_dirname -- "$as_dir" ||
$as_expr X"$as_dir" : 'X\(.*[^/]\)//*[^/][^/]*/*$' \| \
	 X"$as_dir" : 'X\(//\)[^/]' \| \
	 X"$as_dir" : 'X\(//\)$' \| \
	 X"$as_dir" : 'X\(/\)' \| . 2>/dev/null ||
$as_echo X"$as_dir" |
    sed '/^X\(.*[^/]\)\/\/*[^/][^/]*\/*$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)[^/].*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\).*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  s/.*/./; q'`
      test -d "$as_dir" && break
    done
    test -z "$as_dirs" || eval "mkdir $as_dirs"
  } || test -d "$as_dir" || as_fn_error $? "cannot create directory $as_dir"


} # as_fn_mkdir_p
if mkdir -p . 2>/dev/null; then
  as_mkdir_p='mkdir -p "$as_dir"'
else
  test -d ./-p && rmdir ./-p
  as_mkdir_p=false
fi

if test -x / >/dev/null 2>&1; then
  as_test_x='test -x'
else
  if ls -dL / >/dev/null 2>&1; then
    as_ls_L_option=L
  else
    as_ls_L_option=
  fi
  as_test_x='
    eval sh -c '\''
      if test -d "$1"; then
	test -d "$1/.";
      else
	case $1 in #(
	-*)set "./$1";;
	esac;
	case `ls -ld'$as_ls_L_option' "$1" 2>/dev/null` in #((
	???[sx]*):;;*)false;;esac;fi
    '\'' sh
  '
fi
as_executable_p=$as_test_x

# Sed expression to map a string onto a valid CPP name.
as_tr_cpp="eval sed 'y%*$as_cr_letters%P$as_cr_LETTERS%;s%[^_$as_cr_alnum]%_%g'"

# Sed expression to map a string onto a valid variable name.
as_tr_sh="eval sed 'y%*+%pp%;s%[^_$as_cr_alnum]%_%g'"


exec 6>&1
## ----------------------------------- ##
## Main body of $CONFIG_STATUS script. ##
## ----------------------------------- ##
_ASEOF
test $as_write_fail = 0 && chmod +x $CONFIG_STATUS || ac_write_fail=1

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
# Save the log message, to keep $0 and so on meaningful, and to
# report actual input values of CONFIG_FILES etc. instead of their
# values after options handling.
ac_log="
This file was extended by stow $as_me 2.2.0, which was
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.68.  Invocation command line was

  CONFIG_FILES    = $CONFIG_FILES
  CONFIG_HEADERS  = $CONFIG_HEADERS
  CONFIG_LINKS    = $CONFIG_LINKS
  CONFIG_COMMANDS = $CONFIG_COMMANDS
  $ $0 $@

on `(hostname || uname -n) 2>/dev/null | sed 1q`
"

_ACEOF

case $ac_config_files in *"
"*) set x $ac_config_files; shift; ac_config_files=$*;;
esac



cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
# Files that config.status was made for.
config_files="$ac_config_files"

_ACEOF

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
ac_cs_usage="\
\`$as_me' instantiates files and other configuration actions
from templates according to the current configuration.  Unless the files
and actions are specified as TAGs, all are instantiated by default.

Usage: $0 [OPTION]... [TAG]...

  -h, --help       print this help, then exit
  -V, --version    print version number and configuration settings, then exit
      --config     print configuration, then exit
  -q, --quiet, --silent
                   do not print progress messages
  -d, --debug      don't remove temporary files
      --recheck    update $as_me by reconfiguring in the same conditions
      --file=FILE[:TEMPLATE]
                   instantiate the configuration file FILE

Configuration files:
$config_files

Report bugs to ."

_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
ac_cs_config="`$as_echo "$ac_configure_args" | sed 's/^ //; s/[\\""\`\$]/\\\\&/g'`"
ac_cs_version="\\
stow config.status 2.2.0
configured by $0, generated by GNU Autoconf 2.68,
  with options \\"\$ac_cs_config\\"

Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This config.status script is free software; the Free Software Foundation
gives unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it."

ac_pwd='$ac_pwd'
srcdir='$srcdir'
INSTALL='$INSTALL'
MKDIR_P='$MKDIR_P'
AWK='$AWK'
test -n "\$AWK" || AWK=awk
_ACEOF

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
# The default lists apply if the user does not specify any file.
ac_need_defaults=:
while test $# != 0
do
  case $1 in
  --*=?*)
    ac_option=`expr "X$1" : 'X\([^=]*\)='`
    ac_optarg=`expr "X$1" : 'X[^=]*=\(.*\)'`
    ac_shift=:
    ;;
  --*=)
    ac_option=`expr "X$1" : 'X\([^=]*\)='`
    ac_optarg=
    ac_shift=:
    ;;
  *)
    ac_option=$1
    ac_optarg=$2
    ac_shift=shift
    ;;
  esac

  case $ac_option in
  # Handling of the options.
  -recheck | --recheck | --rechec | --reche | --rech | --rec | --re | --r)
    ac_cs_recheck=: ;;
  --version | --versio | --versi | --vers | --ver | --ve | --v | -V )
    $as_echo "$ac_cs_version"; exit ;;
  --config | --confi | --conf | --con | --co | --c )
    $as_echo "$ac_cs_config"; exit ;;
  --debug | --debu | --deb | --de | --d | -d )
    debug=: ;;
  --file | --fil | --fi | --f )
    $ac_shift
    case $ac_optarg in
    *\'*) ac_optarg=`$as_echo "$ac_optarg" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"` ;;
    '') as_fn_error $? "missing file argument" ;;
    esac
    as_fn_append CONFIG_FILES " '$ac_optarg'"
    ac_need_defaults=false;;
  --he | --h |  --help | --hel | -h )
    $as_echo "$ac_cs_usage"; exit ;;
  -q | -quiet | --quiet | --quie | --qui | --qu | --q \
  | -silent | --silent | --silen | --sile | --sil | --si | --s)
    ac_cs_silent=: ;;

  # This is an error.
  -*) as_fn_error $? "unrecognized option: \`$1'
Try \`$0 --help' for more information." ;;

  *) as_fn_append ac_config_targets " $1"
     ac_need_defaults=false ;;

  esac
  shift
done

ac_configure_extra_args=

if $ac_cs_silent; then
  exec 6>/dev/null
  ac_configure_extra_args="$ac_configure_extra_args --silent"
fi

_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
if \$ac_cs_recheck; then
  set X '$SHELL' '$0' $ac_configure_args \$ac_configure_extra_args --no-create --no-recursion
  shift
  \$as_echo "running CONFIG_SHELL=$SHELL \$*" >&6
  CONFIG_SHELL='$SHELL'
  export CONFIG_SHELL
  exec "\$@"
fi

_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
exec 5>>config.log
{
  echo
  sed 'h;s/./-/g;s/^.../## /;s/...$/ ##/;p;x;p;x' <<_ASBOX
## Running $as_me. ##
_ASBOX
  $as_echo "$ac_log"
} >&5

_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
_ACEOF

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1

# Handling of arguments.
for ac_config_target in $ac_config_targets
do
  case $ac_config_target in
    "Makefile") CONFIG_FILES="$CONFIG_FILES Makefile" ;;

  *) as_fn_error $? "invalid argument: \`$ac_config_target'" "$LINENO" 5;;
  esac
done


# If the user did not use the arguments to specify the items to instantiate,
# then the envvar interface is used.  Set only those that are not.
# We use the long form for the default assignment because of an extremely
# bizarre bug on SunOS 4.1.3.
if $ac_need_defaults; then
  test "${CONFIG_FILES+set}" = set || CONFIG_FILES=$config_files
fi

# Have a temporary directory for convenience.  Make it in the build tree
# simply because there is no reason against having it here, and in addition,
# creating and moving files from /tmp can sometimes cause problems.
# Hook for its removal unless debugging.
# Note that there is a small window in which the directory will not be cleaned:
# after its creation but before its name has been assigned to `$tmp'.
$debug ||
{
  tmp= ac_tmp=
  trap 'exit_status=$?
  : "${ac_tmp:=$tmp}"
  { test ! -d "$ac_tmp" || rm -fr "$ac_tmp"; } && exit $exit_status
' 0
  trap 'as_fn_exit 1' 1 2 13 15
}
# Create a (secure) tmp directory for tmp files.

{
  tmp=`(umask 077 && mktemp -d "./confXXXXXX") 2>/dev/null` &&
  test -d "$tmp"
}  ||
{
  tmp=./conf$$-$RANDOM
  (umask 077 && mkdir "$tmp")
} || as_fn_error $? "cannot create a temporary directory in ." "$LINENO" 5
ac_tmp=$tmp

# Set up the scripts for CONFIG_FILES section.
# No need to generate them if there are no CONFIG_FILES.
# This happens for instance with `./config.status config.h'.
if test -n "$CONFIG_FILES"; then


ac_cr=`echo X | tr X '\015'`
# On cygwin, bash can eat \r inside `` if the user requested igncr.
# But we know of no other shell where ac_cr would be empty at this
# point, so we can use a bashism as a fallback.
if test "x$ac_cr" = x; then
  eval ac_cr=\$\'\\r\'
fi
ac_cs_awk_cr=`$AWK 'BEGIN { print "a\rb" }' /dev/null`
if test "$ac_cs_awk_cr" = "a${ac_cr}b"; then
  ac_cs_awk_cr='\\r'
else
  ac_cs_awk_cr=$ac_cr
fi

echo 'BEGIN {' >"$ac_tmp/subs1.awk" &&
_ACEOF


{
  echo "cat >conf$$subs.awk <<_ACEOF" &&
  echo "$ac_subst_vars" | sed 's/.*/&!$&$ac_delim/' &&
  echo "_ACEOF"
} >conf$$subs.sh ||
  as_fn_error $? "could not make $CONFIG_STATUS" "$LINENO" 5
ac_delim_num=`echo "$ac_subst_vars" | grep -c '^'`
ac_delim='%!_!# '
for ac_last_try in false false false false false :; do
  . ./conf$$subs.sh ||
    as_fn_error $? "could not make $CONFIG_STATUS" "$LINENO" 5

  ac_delim_n=`sed -n "s/.*$ac_delim\$/X/p" conf$$subs.awk | grep -c X`
  if test $ac_delim_n = $ac_delim_num; then
    break
  elif $ac_last_try; then
    as_fn_error $? "could not make $CONFIG_STATUS" "$LINENO" 5
  else
    ac_delim="$ac_delim!$ac_delim _$ac_delim!! "
  fi
done
rm -f conf$$subs.sh

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
cat >>"\$ac_tmp/subs1.awk" <<\\_ACAWK &&
_ACEOF
sed -n '
h
s/^/S["/; s/!.*/"]=/
p
g
s/^[^!]*!//
:repl
t repl
s/'"$ac_delim"'$//
t delim
:nl
h
s/\(.\{148\}\)..*/\1/
t more1
s/["\\]/\\&/g; s/^/"/; s/$/\\n"\\/
p
n
b repl
:more1
s/["\\]/\\&/g; s/^/"/; s/$/"\\/
p
g
s/.\{148\}//
t nl
:delim
h
s/\(.\{148\}\)..*/\1/
t more2
s/["\\]/\\&/g; s/^/"/; s/$/"/
p
b
:more2
s/["\\]/\\&/g; s/^/"/; s/$/"\\/
p
g
s/.\{148\}//
t delim
' >$CONFIG_STATUS || ac_write_fail=1
rm -f conf$$subs.awk
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
_ACAWK
cat >>"\$ac_tmp/subs1.awk" <<_ACAWK &&
  for (key in S) S_is_set[key] = 1
  FS = ""

}
{
  line = $ 0
  nfields = split(line, field, "@")
  substed = 0
  len = length(field[1])
  for (i = 2; i < nfields; i++) {
    key = field[i]
    keylen = length(key)
    if (S_is_set[key]) {
      value = S[key]
      line = substr(line, 1, len) "" value "" substr(line, len + keylen + 3)
      len += length(value) + length(field[++i])
      substed = 1
    } else
      len += 1 + keylen
  }

  print line
}

_ACAWK
_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
if sed "s/$ac_cr//" < /dev/null > /dev/null 2>&1; then
  sed "s/$ac_cr\$//; s/$ac_cr/$ac_cs_awk_cr/g"
else
  cat
fi < "$ac_tmp/subs1.awk" > "$ac_tmp/subs.awk" \
  || as_fn_error $? "could not setup config files machinery" "$LINENO" 5
_ACEOF

# VPATH may cause trouble with some makes, so we remove sole $(srcdir),
# ${srcdir} and @srcdir@ entries from VPATH if srcdir is ".", strip leading and
# trailing colons and then remove the whole line if VPATH becomes empty
# (actually we leave an empty line to preserve line numbers).
if test "x$srcdir" = x.; then
  ac_vpsub='/^[	 ]*VPATH[	 ]*=[	 ]*/{
h
s///
s/^/:/
s/[	 ]*$/:/
s/:\$(srcdir):/:/g
s/:\${srcdir}:/:/g
s/:@srcdir@:/:/g
s/^:*//
s/:*$//
x
s/\(=[	 ]*\).*/\1/
G
s/\n//
s/^[^=]*=[	 ]*$//
}'
fi

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
fi # test -n "$CONFIG_FILES"


eval set X "  :F $CONFIG_FILES      "
shift
for ac_tag
do
  case $ac_tag in
  :[FHLC]) ac_mode=$ac_tag; continue;;
  esac
  case $ac_mode$ac_tag in
  :[FHL]*:*);;
  :L* | :C*:*) as_fn_error $? "invalid tag \`$ac_tag'" "$LINENO" 5;;
  :[FH]-) ac_tag=-:-;;
  :[FH]*) ac_tag=$ac_tag:$ac_tag.in;;
  esac
  ac_save_IFS=$IFS
  IFS=:
  set x $ac_tag
  IFS=$ac_save_IFS
  shift
  ac_file=$1
  shift

  case $ac_mode in
  :L) ac_source=$1;;
  :[FH])
    ac_file_inputs=
    for ac_f
    do
      case $ac_f in
      -) ac_f="$ac_tmp/stdin";;
      *) # Look for the file first in the build tree, then in the source tree
	 # (if the path is not absolute).  The absolute path cannot be DOS-style,
	 # because $ac_f cannot contain `:'.
	 test -f "$ac_f" ||
	   case $ac_f in
	   [\\/$]*) false;;
	   *) test -f "$srcdir/$ac_f" && ac_f="$srcdir/$ac_f";;
	   esac ||
	   as_fn_error 1 "cannot find input file: \`$ac_f'" "$LINENO" 5;;
      esac
      case $ac_f in *\'*) ac_f=`$as_echo "$ac_f" | sed "s/'/'\\\\\\\\''/g"`;; esac
      as_fn_append ac_file_inputs " '$ac_f'"
    done

    # Let's still pretend it is `configure' which instantiates (i.e., don't
    # use $as_me), people would be surprised to read:
    #    /* config.h.  Generated by config.status.  */
    configure_input='Generated from '`
	  $as_echo "$*" | sed 's|^[^:]*/||;s|:[^:]*/|, |g'
	`' by configure.'
    if test x"$ac_file" != x-; then
      configure_input="$ac_file.  $configure_input"
      { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: creating $ac_file" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: creating $ac_file" >&6;}
    fi
    # Neutralize special characters interpreted by sed in replacement strings.
    case $configure_input in #(
    *\&* | *\|* | *\\* )
       ac_sed_conf_input=`$as_echo "$configure_input" |
       sed 's/[\\\\&|]/\\\\&/g'`;; #(
    *) ac_sed_conf_input=$configure_input;;
    esac

    case $ac_tag in
    *:-:* | *:-) cat >"$ac_tmp/stdin" \
      || as_fn_error $? "could not create $ac_file" "$LINENO" 5 ;;
    esac
    ;;
  esac

  ac_dir=`$as_dirname -- "$ac_file" ||
$as_expr X"$ac_file" : 'X\(.*[^/]\)//*[^/][^/]*/*$' \| \
	 X"$ac_file" : 'X\(//\)[^/]' \| \
	 X"$ac_file" : 'X\(//\)$' \| \
	 X"$ac_file" : 'X\(/\)' \| . 2>/dev/null ||
$as_echo X"$ac_file" |
    sed '/^X\(.*[^/]\)\/\/*[^/][^/]*\/*$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)[^/].*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\/\)$/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  /^X\(\/\).*/{
	    s//\1/
	    q
	  }
	  s/.*/./; q'`
  as_dir="$ac_dir"; as_fn_mkdir_p
  ac_builddir=.

case "$ac_dir" in
.) ac_dir_suffix= ac_top_builddir_sub=. ac_top_build_prefix= ;;
*)
  ac_dir_suffix=/`$as_echo "$ac_dir" | sed 's|^\.[\\/]||'`
  # A ".." for each directory in $ac_dir_suffix.
  ac_top_builddir_sub=`$as_echo "$ac_dir_suffix" | sed 's|/[^\\/]*|/..|g;s|/||'`
  case $ac_top_builddir_sub in
  "") ac_top_builddir_sub=. ac_top_build_prefix= ;;
  *)  ac_top_build_prefix=$ac_top_builddir_sub/ ;;
  esac ;;
esac
ac_abs_top_builddir=$ac_pwd
ac_abs_builddir=$ac_pwd$ac_dir_suffix
# for backward compatibility:
ac_top_builddir=$ac_top_build_prefix

case $srcdir in
  .)  # We are building in place.
    ac_srcdir=.
    ac_top_srcdir=$ac_top_builddir_sub
    ac_abs_top_srcdir=$ac_pwd ;;
  [\\/]* | ?:[\\/]* )  # Absolute name.
    ac_srcdir=$srcdir$ac_dir_suffix;
    ac_top_srcdir=$srcdir
    ac_abs_top_srcdir=$srcdir ;;
  *) # Relative name.
    ac_srcdir=$ac_top_build_prefix$srcdir$ac_dir_suffix
    ac_top_srcdir=$ac_top_build_prefix$srcdir
    ac_abs_top_srcdir=$ac_pwd/$srcdir ;;
esac
ac_abs_srcdir=$ac_abs_top_srcdir$ac_dir_suffix


  case $ac_mode in
  :F)
  #
  # CONFIG_FILE
  #

  case $INSTALL in
  [\\/$]* | ?:[\\/]* ) ac_INSTALL=$INSTALL ;;
  *) ac_INSTALL=$ac_top_build_prefix$INSTALL ;;
  esac
  ac_MKDIR_P=$MKDIR_P
  case $MKDIR_P in
  [\\/$]* | ?:[\\/]* ) ;;
  */*) ac_MKDIR_P=$ac_top_build_prefix$MKDIR_P ;;
  esac
_ACEOF

cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
# If the template does not know about datarootdir, expand it.
# FIXME: This hack should be removed a few years after 2.60.
ac_datarootdir_hack=; ac_datarootdir_seen=
ac_sed_dataroot='
/datarootdir/ {
  p
  q
}
/@datadir@/p
/@docdir@/p
/@infodir@/p
/@localedir@/p
/@mandir@/p'
case `eval "sed -n \"\$ac_sed_dataroot\" $ac_file_inputs"` in
*datarootdir*) ac_datarootdir_seen=yes;;
*@datadir@*|*@docdir@*|*@infodir@*|*@localedir@*|*@mandir@*)
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: $ac_file_inputs seems to ignore the --datarootdir setting" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: WARNING: $ac_file_inputs seems to ignore the --datarootdir setting" >&2;}
_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
  ac_datarootdir_hack='
  s&@datadir@&$datadir&g
  s&@docdir@&$docdir&g
  s&@infodir@&$infodir&g
  s&@localedir@&$localedir&g
  s&@mandir@&$mandir&g
  s&\\\${datarootdir}&$datarootdir&g' ;;
esac
_ACEOF

# Neutralize VPATH when `$srcdir' = `.'.
# Shell code in configure.ac might set extrasub.
# FIXME: do we really want to maintain this feature?
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
ac_sed_extra="$ac_vpsub
$extrasub
_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
:t
/@[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*@/!b
s|@configure_input@|$ac_sed_conf_input|;t t
s&@top_builddir@&$ac_top_builddir_sub&;t t
s&@top_build_prefix@&$ac_top_build_prefix&;t t
s&@srcdir@&$ac_srcdir&;t t
s&@abs_srcdir@&$ac_abs_srcdir&;t t
s&@top_srcdir@&$ac_top_srcdir&;t t
s&@abs_top_srcdir@&$ac_abs_top_srcdir&;t t
s&@builddir@&$ac_builddir&;t t
s&@abs_builddir@&$ac_abs_builddir&;t t
s&@abs_top_builddir@&$ac_abs_top_builddir&;t t
s&@INSTALL@&$ac_INSTALL&;t t
s&@MKDIR_P@&$ac_MKDIR_P&;t t
$ac_datarootdir_hack
"
eval sed \"\$ac_sed_extra\" "$ac_file_inputs" | $AWK -f "$ac_tmp/subs.awk" \
  >$ac_tmp/out || as_fn_error $? "could not create $ac_file" "$LINENO" 5

test -z "$ac_datarootdir_hack$ac_datarootdir_seen" &&
  { ac_out=`sed -n '/\${datarootdir}/p' "$ac_tmp/out"`; test -n "$ac_out"; } &&
  { ac_out=`sed -n '/^[	 ]*datarootdir[	 ]*:*=/p' \
      "$ac_tmp/out"`; test -z "$ac_out"; } &&
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: $ac_file contains a reference to the variable \`datarootdir'
which seems to be undefined.  Please make sure it is defined" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: WARNING: $ac_file contains a reference to the variable \`datarootdir'
which seems to be undefined.  Please make sure it is defined" >&2;}

  rm -f "$ac_tmp/stdin"
  case $ac_file in
  -) cat "$ac_tmp/out" && rm -f "$ac_tmp/out";;
  *) rm -f "$ac_file" && mv "$ac_tmp/out" "$ac_file";;
  esac \
  || as_fn_error $? "could not create $ac_file" "$LINENO" 5
 ;;



  esac

done # for ac_tag


as_fn_exit 0
_ACEOF
ac_clean_files=$ac_clean_files_save

test $ac_write_fail = 0 ||
  as_fn_error $? "write failure creating $CONFIG_STATUS" "$LINENO" 5


  eval pmdir="$PMDIR"
  cat <&2
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
! WARNING!  $PERL was missing modules:
!
!   $missing_test_deps
!
! The test suite will fail.  'make install' may still render
! a working installation, but this cannot be guaranteed.
!
! Please (re-)read INSTALL, then install the missing modules
! and try again.
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

EOF
  fi


# configure is writing to config.log, and then calls config.status.
# config.status does its own redirection, appending to config.log.
# Unfortunately, on DOS this fails, as config.log is still kept open
# by configure, so config.status won't be able to write to it; its
# output is simply discarded.  So we exec the FD to /dev/null,
# effectively closing config.log, so it can be properly (re)opened and
# appended to by config.status.  When coming back to configure, we
# need to make the FD available again.
if test "$no_create" != yes; then
  ac_cs_success=:
  ac_config_status_args=
  test "$silent" = yes &&
    ac_config_status_args="$ac_config_status_args --quiet"
  exec 5>/dev/null
  $SHELL $CONFIG_STATUS $ac_config_status_args || ac_cs_success=false
  exec 5>>config.log
  # Use ||, not &&, to avoid exiting from the if with $? = 1, which
  # would make configure fail if this is the last instruction.
  $ac_cs_success || as_fn_exit 1
fi
if test -n "$ac_unrecognized_opts" && test "$enable_option_checking" != no; then
  { $as_echo "$as_me:${as_lineno-$LINENO}: WARNING: unrecognized options: $ac_unrecognized_opts" >&5
$as_echo "$as_me: WARNING: unrecognized options: $ac_unrecognized_opts" >&2;}
fi

stow-2.2.0/AUTHORS0000664000076400007640000000327411666453725010537 00000000000000Stow was written by Bob Glickstein , Zanshin
Software, Inc.

Contributions from Gord Matzigkeit .

John Bazik wrote `fastcwd', the Perl subroutine for computing the
current working directory.

Charles Briscoe-Smith  wrote the fix to prevent 
stow -D / stow -R removing initially-empty directories.

Adam Lackorzynski  wrote the fix to prevente
the generation of wrong links if there are links in the stow directory.

Stow was maintained by Guillaume Morin  up to November 2007.

Kahlil (Kal) Hodgson  performed a major rewrite
in order to implement:

    1. defered operations,
    2. option parsing via Getopt::Long,
    3. options to support shared files, 
    4. support for multiple operations per invocation,
    5. default command line arguments via '.stowrc' and '~/.stowrc' files, 
    6. better cooperation between multiple stow directories,
    7. a test suite (and support code) to ensure that everything still works.  

As these changes required a dramatic reorganisation of the code, very little
was left untouched, and so Stow's major version was bumped up to version 2.

Austin Wood  and Chris Hoobin
 helped clean up the documentation for 
version 2 and created the texi2man script.

Adam Spiers  refactored the backend code into new
Stow.pm and Stow/Util.pm modules providing an OO interface, tightened
up the test suite, added support for ignore lists, `make test', and
distribution via CPAN, and cleaned up numerous other minor issues.

Stow is currently co-maintained by Adam Spiers and Troy Mill.
stow-2.2.0/COPYING0000664000076400007640000004312211660755577010522 00000000000000		    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
		       Version 2, June 1991

 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
     51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

			    Preamble

  The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.  This
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
using it.  (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
the GNU Library General Public License instead.)  You can apply it to
your programs, too.

  When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.

  To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.

  For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
you have.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
source code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their
rights.

  We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
distribute and/or modify the software.

  Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
software.  If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
authors' reputations.

  Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
patents.  We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
program proprietary.  To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.

  The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
modification follow.

		    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION

  0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
under the terms of this General Public License.  The "Program", below,
refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
language.  (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
the term "modification".)  Each licensee is addressed as "you".

Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
covered by this License; they are outside its scope.  The act of
running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.

  1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
along with the Program.

You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.

  2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:

    a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
    stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.

    b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
    whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
    part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
    parties under the terms of this License.

    c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
    when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
    interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
    announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
    notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
    a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
    these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
    License.  (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
    does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
    the Program is not required to print an announcement.)

These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.  If
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
sections when you distribute them as separate works.  But when you
distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.

Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
collective works based on the Program.

In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
the scope of this License.

  3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:

    a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
    source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
    1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,

    b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
    years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
    cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
    machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
    distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
    customarily used for software interchange; or,

    c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
    to distribute corresponding source code.  (This alternative is
    allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
    received the program in object code or executable form with such
    an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)

The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
making modifications to it.  For an executable work, complete source
code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
control compilation and installation of the executable.  However, as a
special exception, the source code distributed need not include
anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
itself accompanies the executable.

If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
compelled to copy the source along with the object code.

  4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
parties remain in full compliance.

  5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
signed it.  However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
distribute the Program or its derivative works.  These actions are
prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.  Therefore, by
modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
the Program or works based on it.

  6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
these terms and conditions.  You may not impose any further
restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
this License.

  7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot
distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
may not distribute the Program at all.  For example, if a patent
license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.

If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
circumstances.

It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
implemented by public license practices.  Many people have made
generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
impose that choice.

This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
be a consequence of the rest of this License.

  8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
countries not thus excluded.  In such case, this License incorporates
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.

  9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
of the General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
address new problems or concerns.

Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Program
specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
Software Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of
this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
Foundation.

  10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
to ask for permission.  For software which is copyrighted by the Free
Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
make exceptions for this.  Our decision will be guided by the two goals
of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.

			    NO WARRANTY

  11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS
TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE
PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
REPAIR OR CORRECTION.

  12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

		     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS

	    How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs

  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.

  To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.

    
    Copyright (C)   

    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA


Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.

If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
when it starts in an interactive mode:

    Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year  name of author
    Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.

The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
parts of the General Public License.  Of course, the commands you use may
be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.

You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:

  Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
  `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.

  , 1 April 1989
  Ty Coon, President of Vice

This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you may
consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
Public License instead of this License.
stow-2.2.0/INSTALL0000664000076400007640000001434611667746430010521 00000000000000Prerequisites
=============

Stow is a collection of Perl scripts and modules.  You must have Perl
5.6.1 or later in order for it to run.  The test suite also requires
the Test::More and Test::Output modules which can be obtained from
CPAN.  They are also available as packages in some of the GNU/Linux
distributions.

Installation methods
====================

Stow can either be installed via the standard GNU Autotools procedure
(./configure, make install) or since 2.1.0, via CPAN-style via
Module::Build.

Advantages of the Autotools approach:

  - It's arguably more flexible.

  - It will install the documentation in Info, HTML, man, and PDF
    formats.

Advantages of the Module::Build approach:

  - It's more in keeping with the standard way to distribute CPAN
    modules.

  - It performs dependency checking to ensure you have the necessary
    Perl modules installed.

Basic Installation via Module::Build
====================================

The steps in building Stow are:

1.  `cd' to the directory containing the source code (and this file).

2.  If you are building from an official GNU release tarball, type
    `./configure && make' to configure stow for your system.  If you
    are building from a CPAN tarball, this step can be skipped.

    If `make' warns that the Perl module installation directory is
    not in @INC, then you should run:

      eval `perl -V:siteprefix`
      ./configure --prefix=$siteprefix && make

    to avoid a superfluous "use lib" line in your stow executable.

3.  Type `perl Build.PL'.

4.  Type `./Build install' to install the various files.  As noted
    above, this installs fewer files than the Autotools installation.

Basic Installation via Autotools
================================

The steps in building Stow are:

1.  `cd' to the directory containing the source code (and this file).

2.  Type `./configure' to configure stow for your system.  This step
    will attempt to locate your copy of perl and set its location in
    `Makefile.in'.  You can use the normal arguments to change the
    default installation paths (see below); additionally you can use
    the

      --with-pmdir=/path/to/perl/modules

    option to manually choose where the Perl modules get installed.
    However, if you don't, the configure script will go to great
    lengths to try to choose a sensible default.

3.  Type `make install' to install the various files.  If the chosen
    installation directory for Perl modules is not included in Perl's
    built-in @INC search path, the Makefile rules will automatically
    insert a

      use lib "...";

    line into the generated stow script to ensure that it can always
    locate the Perl modules without needing to manually set PERL5LIB.

4.  You can remove the generated files from the source code directory
    by typing `make clean'.  To also remove the files that `configure'
    created (so you can compile the package for a different computer),
    type `make distclean'.  There is also a `make maintainer-clean'
    target, but that is intended mainly for stow's developers.  If you
    use it, you may have to get all sorts of other programs in order
    to regenerate files that came with the distribution.

Installation Names
==================

By default, `make install' will install the package's files in
`/usr/local/bin' and `/usr/local/info'.  You can specify an
installation prefix other than `/usr/local' by giving `configure' the
option `--prefix=PATH'.

If the package supports it, you can cause programs to be installed
with an extra prefix or suffix on their names by giving `configure'
the option `--program-prefix=PREFIX' or `--program-suffix=SUFFIX'.

Since `stow' is concerned with separating a package's installation
tree from its run-time tree, you might want to install `stow' into a
directory such as `/usr/local/stow/stow' but have it run out of
`/usr/local'.  Do this by giving the run-time prefix (e.g.,
/usr/local) to configure as described above; then run `make'; then run
`make install prefix=/usr/local/stow/stow'.  For more information on
this technique, see the Stow manual.

The configuration system
========================

The `configure' shell script attempts to guess correct values for
various system-dependent variables used during compilation.  It uses
those values to create a `Makefile' and to create the `stow' script
itself, using Makefile.in and stow.in as templates.  Finally, it
creates a shell script `config.status' that you can run in the future
to recreate the current configuration, a file `config.cache' that
saves the results of its tests to speed up reconfiguring, and a file
`config.log' containing other output.

The file `configure.ac' is used to create `configure' by a program
called `autoconf'.  You only need `configure.ac' if you want to change
it or regenerate `configure' using a newer version of `autoconf'.

The file `Makefile.am' is used to create `Makefile.in' by a program
called `automake'.  You only need `Makefile.am' if you want to change
it or regenerate `Makefile.in' using a newer version of `automake'.

Sharing Defaults
================

If you want to set default values for `configure' scripts to share,
you can create a site shell script called `config.site' that gives
default values for variables like `CC', `cache_file', and `prefix'.
`configure' looks for `PREFIX/share/config.site' if it exists, then
`PREFIX/etc/config.site' if it exists.  Or, you can set the
`CONFIG_SITE' environment variable to the location of the site script.
A warning: not all `configure' scripts look for a site script.

Operation Controls
==================

   `configure' recognizes the following options to control how it
operates.

`--cache-file=FILE'
     Use and save the results of the tests in FILE instead of
     `./config.cache'.  Set FILE to `/dev/null' to disable caching, for
     debugging `configure'.

`--help'
     Print a summary of the options to `configure', and exit.

`--quiet'
`--silent'
`-q'
     Do not print messages saying which checks are being made.

`--srcdir=DIR'
     Look for the package's source code in directory DIR.  Usually
     `configure' can determine that directory automatically.

`--version'
     Print the version of Autoconf used to generate the `configure'
     script, and exit.

`configure' also accepts some other, not widely useful, options.

stow-2.2.0/NEWS0000644000076400007640000002342111720005436010137 00000000000000News file for Stow.

* Changes in version 2.2.0

** New --no-folding option

   Disables folding of newly stowed directories when stowing, and
   refolding of newly foldable directories when unstowing.

** Remove -a option (--adopt still available)

   As --adopt is the only option which allows stow to modify files, it
   is considered potentially dangerous (especially for stow package
   directories which are not managed by a version control system).
   Therefore it seems prudent to require a bit more effort from the
   user to enable this option, minimising the change of enabling it
   via a typo.

** Improve error message when stow package is not found.

   The error message displayed a path to the missing stow package
   which was relative to the target directory rather than the cwd,
   which was confusing for the user.

** Test suite improvements

   The test suite has been tightened up slightly.

** Documentation improvements

   Various fixes and cosmetic improvements have been made in the manual.

** Remove "There are no outstanding operations to perform" warning.

* Changes in version 2.1.3

** New --adopt / -a option

   This allows plain files in the target to be "adopted" into the
   package being stowed.  See the manual has more details.

** ./configure now checks for Perl modules required by the test suite.

* Changes in version 2.1.2

  Many thanks to Stefano Lattarini for help with numerous autoconf and
  automake issues which are addressed in this release.

** Significantly improve the handling of --with-pmdir.

*** Calculation of the default value for --with-pmdir is now done safely in Perl.

    Previously non-POSIX-compliant shells could cause issues.

*** The output of ./configure and make are now much more helpful.

*** The Makefile will now check whether pmdir is in Perl's built-in @INC.

    If not, it will insert a

      use lib "...";

    line into the generated stow script to ensure that it can always
    locate the Perl modules without needing to manually set PERL5LIB.

*** Updated INSTALL and HOWTO-RELEASE accordingly.

** ./configure now aborts if Perl isn't found.

** Ensured the ChangeLog is up-to-date when making a new distribution.

** Fixed bug with `make clean' removing files which the user may not be able to rebuild.

* Changes in version 2.1.1

** Fixed bug where ./configure --with-pmdir=X was ineffectual.

** Calculated the correct default value for pmdir based on the local Perl installation.

** Fixed some automake issues (thanks to Stefano Lattarini for spotting these!)

** Improved various bits of documentation.

* Changes in version 2.1.0

** Major refactoring of code into separate Stow and Stow::Util Perl modules.

** Added support for ignore list files.

** Added support for CPAN-style installation and distribution via Module::Build.

** Introduced `make test' target and significantly tightened up test suite.

** Very large number of code and documentation fixes (over 80 commits since version 2.0.1).

** The '--conflicts' option has been removed.

   Stow will always show conflicts if they are found during the scanning
   phase.

** Improved debugging output.

** Converted man page to POD format.

** Include PDF, and both split- and single-page HTML versions of manual in the distribution.

** Fixed code style consistency issues.

** Running configure from outside the source tree now works.

** `make distcheck' now works.

* Changes in version 2.0.1

** Defer operations until all potential conflicts have been assessed.

   We do this by traversing the installation image(s) and recording the
   actions that need to be performed.  Redundant actions are factored out,
   e.g., we don't want to create a link that we will later remove in order to
   create a directory.  Benefits of this approach:

     1. Get to see _all_ the conflicts that are blocking an installation: 
        you don't have to deal with them one at a time.
     2. No operations are be performed if _any_ conflicts are detected:
        a failed stow will not leave you with a partially installed 
        package.
     3. Minimises the set of operations that need to be performed.
     4. Operations are executed as a batch which is much faster
        This can be an advantage when upgrading packages on a live system
        where you want to minimise the amount of time when the package is
        unavailable.

** The above fixes the false conflict problem mentioned in the info file. 

** It also fixes the two bugs mentioned in the man page.

** Multiple stow directories will now cooperate in folding/unfolding.

** Conflict messages are more uniform and informative. 

** Verbosity and tracing is more extensive and uniform.

** Implemented option parsing via Getopt::Long.

** Default command line arguments set via '.stowrc' and '~/.stowrc' files.

   Contents of these files are parsed as though they occurred first on
   the command line.

** Support multiple actions per invocation.

   In order for this to work, we had to add a new (optional) command line arg
   (-S) to specify packages to stow.  For example, to update an installation
   of emacs you can now do

           stow -D emacs-21.3 -S emacs-21.4a

   which will replace emacs-21.3 with emacs-21.4a.
   You can mix and match any number of actions, e.g.,

           stow -S p1 p2 -D p3 p4 -S p5 -R p6

   will unstow p3, p4 and p6, then stow p1, p2, p5 and p6.

** New (repeatable) command line arg: --ignore=''

   This suppresses operating on a file matching the regex (suffix),
   e.g.

           --ignore='~' --ignore='\.#.*'

   will ignore emacs and CVS backup files (suitable for ~/.stowrc file).

   (I opted for Perl regular expressions because they are more
   powerful and easier to implement).

** New (repeatable) command line arg: --defer=''

   This defers stowing a file matching the regex (prefix) if that file
   is already stowed to a different package, e.g.,

           --defer='man' --defer='info'

   will cause stow to skip over pre-existing man and info pages.

   Equivalently, you could use --defer='man|info' since the argument
   is just a Perl regex.

** New (repeatable) command line arg: --override=''

   This forces a file matching the regex (prefix) to be stowed even if
   the file is already stowed to a different package, e.g.

           --override='man' --override='info'

   will unstow any pre-existing man and info pages that would conflict
   with the file we are trying to stow.

   Equivalently, you could use --override='man|info' since the
   argument is just a Perl regex.

** The above gives the ability to manage packages with common content.

   For example, man pages that are shared by a number of CPAN
   packages.  Using multiple stow directories and .stowrc files can
   also simplify things.  In our setup we use the standard
   /usr/local/stow directory for packages to be installed in
   /usr/local.  Since we install a large number of extra Perl packages
   (currently about 300) we use an additional stow directory:
   /usr/local/stow/perl-5.8.8-extras.  Both stow directories contain a
   '.stow' file so that they collaborate appropriately.  I then use
   the following .stowrc file in /usr/local/stow/perl-5.8.8-extras
  
        --dir=/usr/local/stow/perl-5.8.8-extras
        --target=/usr/local
        --override=bin
        --override=man
        --ignore='perllocal\.pod'
        --ignore='\.packlist'
        --ignore='\.bs'

   When I stow packages from there, they automatically override any
   man pages and binaries that may already have been stowed by another
   package or by the core perl-5.8.8 installation.  For example, if
   you want to upgrade the Test-Simple package, you need to override
   all the man pages that would have been installed by the core
   package.  If you are upgrading CPAN, you will also have to override
   the pre-existing cpan executable.

** By default, search less aggressively for invalid symlinks when unstowing.

   That is, we only search for bad symlinks in the directories
   explicitly mentioned in the installation image, and do not dig down
   into other subdirs.  Digging down into other directories can be
   very time consuming if you have a really big tree (like with a
   couple of Oracle installations lying around). In general the old
   behaviour is only necessary when you have really stuffed up your
   installation by deleting a directory that has already been stowed.
   Doing that on a live system is somewhat crazy and hopefully rare.
   We provide an option '-p|--compat' to enable the old behaviour for
   those needing to patch up mistakes.

** New chkstow utility for checking the integrity of the target directory.

** Implement a test suite and support code.  

   This was built before implementing any of the extra features so I
   could more easily check for equivalent functionality.  The initial
   code base had to be refactored substantially to allow for testing.
   The test suite is not exhaustive, but it should provide enough to
   check for regressions.

* Changes in version 1.3.3

** Now requires Perl 5.005 or later

** Initially empty directories are not removed anymore

** Removed buggy fastcwd (we use POSIX::getcwd instead)

** Fixed bug when the common Parent of Target dir and Stow dir was "/"

** Fixed bug when handling directories named "0"

** Stow now only warns the user if a directory is unreadable during unstowing.

* Changes in version 1.3:

** Added --restow option.

** Fixed handling of slashes in package names.

** Expanded configure-time search for Perl binary.

* Changes in version 1.2:

** Dependency on `pwd' removed.

** Perl 4 compatibility fixes.

** Manual expanded even more.

* Changes in version 1.1:

** Long and short options now accepted.

** Manual expanded.

** `make clean' removes stow (which is generated from stow.in).

* Initial public release (v1.0) of Stow.

* emacs local variables
  Local Variables:
  mode: org
  End:
stow-2.2.0/THANKS0000664000076400007640000000163511704013261010355 00000000000000Bob Glickstein:

Thanks to the following people for testing, using, commenting on, and
otherwise aiding the creation of Stow:

Miles Bader         
Greg Fox            
David Hartmann      
Ben Liblit          
Gord Matzigkeit     
Roland McGrath      
Jim Meyering        
Fritz Mueller       
Bart Schaefer       
Richard Stallman    
Spencer Sun         
Tom Tromey          
Steve Webster       
Geoffrey Giesemann  
Emil Mikulic        
Austin Wood         
Christopher Hoobin  
Adam Spiers         
Stefano Lattarini
Adam Sampson
stow-2.2.0/TODO0000644000076400007640000000454011720005436010131 00000000000000* Next release should be under GPL v3

* Get permission for next documentation release to be under FDL 1.3

* Import a debian/ tree from an older package and update it.

* Import a .spec file from somewhere and update it.

* Distinguish between .stow and (undocumented) .nonstow / .notstowed

** .stow is for marking stow directories - avoids altering them

   but also allows --override to work

** .nonstow should be only for protecting non-stow directories against modification by stow

   but currently allows modification via --override

** .notstowed is only honoured by chkstow

** Documentation needs to be clear on this.

* Prevent folding of directories which contain ignored files

* Honour .no-stow-folding and --no-folding

* Add semi-automatic conflict resolution

  (This idea is possibly obsoleted via --override and --adopt.)

*** STOW_RESOLVE_CONFLICTS="non_stow_symlinks=t stow_symlinks=r"

*** Add documentation about conflict resolution

* Autodetect "foreign" stow directories

From e-mail with meyering@na-net.ornl.gov:

    > My /usr/local/info equivalent is a symlink to /share/info
    > because I want installs on all systems to put info files in that
    > directory.  With that set-up, stow chokes on fact that
    > /usr/local/info is a symlink.

    [...] Stow is designed to be paranoid about modifying anything it
    doesn't "own."  If it finds a symlink in the target tree (e.g.,
    /usr/local/info) which doesn't point into the stow tree, its
    paranoid response is to leave it the hell alone.  But I can see in
    this case how traversing the link and populating the directory on
    the far end would be OK.  Question: is that a special
    circumstance, or would it always be OK to populate the far end of
    a symlink in the target tree (when the symlink points to a
    directory in a context where a directory is needed)?  And: if it's
    a special circumstance requiring a command-line option, should the
    option be a mere boolean (such as, "--traverse-target-links") or
    should it be an enumeration of which links are OK to traverse
    (such as, "--traversable='info man doc'")?

Does Version 2 fix this? (Kal)
I think that because it never needs to create /usr/local/info,
it only needs to check the ownership of links that it _operates_ on,
not on all the elements of the path.

* emacs local variables
  Local Variables:
  mode: org
  End:
stow-2.2.0/default-ignore-list0000664000076400007640000000034511664200545013250 00000000000000# Comments and blank lines are allowed.

RCS
.+,v

CVS
\.\#.+       # CVS conflict files / emacs lock files
\.cvsignore

\.svn
_darcs
\.hg

\.git
\.gitignore

.+~          # emacs backup files
\#.*\#       # emacs autosave files
stow-2.2.0/MANIFEST0000664000076400007640000000125111702663141010573 00000000000000AUTHORS
aclocal.m4
automake/install-sh
automake/mdate-sh
automake/missing
bin/chkstow
bin/chkstow.in
bin/stow
bin/stow.in
Build.PL
ChangeLog
configure
configure.ac
COPYING
default-ignore-list
doc/ChangeLog.OLD
doc/manual-single.html
doc/manual.pdf
doc/stow.8
doc/stow.info
doc/stow.texi
doc/texinfo.tex
doc/version.texi
INSTALL
lib/Stow.pm
lib/Stow.pm.in
lib/Stow/Util.pm
Makefile.am
Makefile.in
MANIFEST			This list of files
MANIFEST.SKIP
NEWS
README
t/chkstow.t
t/cleanup_invalid_links.t
t/cli_options.t
t/defer.t
t/examples.t
t/find_stowed_path.t
t/foldable.t
t/ignore.t
t/join_paths.t
t/parent.t
t/stow.t
t/testutil.pm
t/unstow.t
t/unstow_orig.t
THANKS
TODO
META.yml
META.json
stow-2.2.0/MANIFEST.SKIP0000644000076400007640000000247111717756212011353 00000000000000
#!start included /usr/share/perl5/ExtUtils/MANIFEST.SKIP
# Avoid version control files.
\bRCS\b
\bCVS\b
\bSCCS\b
,v$
\B\.svn\b
\B\.git\b
\B\.gitignore\b
\b_darcs\b
\B\.cvsignore$
^\.mrdownload$

# Avoid VMS specific MakeMaker generated files
\bDescrip.MMS$
\bDESCRIP.MMS$
\bdescrip.mms$

# Avoid Makemaker generated and utility files.
\bMANIFEST\.bak
\bMakefile$
\bblib/
\bMakeMaker-\d
\bpm_to_blib\.ts$
\bpm_to_blib$
\bblibdirs\.ts$         # 6.18 through 6.25 generated this

# Avoid Module::Build generated and utility files.
\bBuild$
\b_build/
\bBuild.bat$
\bBuild.COM$
\bBUILD.COM$
\bbuild.com$

# Avoid temp and backup files.
~$
\.old$
\#$
\b\.#
\.bak$
\.tmp$
\.#
\.rej$
\.orig$

# Avoid OS-specific files/dirs
# Mac OSX metadata
\B\.DS_Store
# Mac OSX SMB mount metadata files
\B\._

# Avoid Devel::Cover files.
\bcover_db\b
#!end included /usr/share/perl5/ExtUtils/MANIFEST.SKIP

# Avoid configuration metadata file
^MYMETA\.

# Avoid Module::Build generated and utility files.
\bBuild$
\bBuild.bat$
\b_build
\bBuild.COM$
\bBUILD.COM$
\bbuild.com$
^MANIFEST\.SKIP

# Avoid archives of this distribution
\b[sS]tow-v?[\d\.\_]+

# Avoid autotools stuff
^aclocal.m4$
^automake/
^autom4te\.cache/.+$
^config\.(log|status)$
^doc/\.dirstamp$
^doc/manual-split/
^doc/stamp-vti$
^doc/HOWTO-RELEASE$

# Avoid test files
tmp-testing-trees
stow-2.2.0/Build.PL0000664000076400007640000000525411672461255010755 00000000000000use strict;
use warnings;

use Module::Build;

# These are required by the test suite.
use lib "t";
use lib "bin";

my $build = Module::Build->new(
    module_name => 'Stow',
    keywords    => [ qw/stow symlink software package management install/ ],
    license     => 'gpl',

    # Module::Build forces us to use v1.4 of the CPAN Meta Spec:
    # https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=71502
    # 'meta-spec' =>  {
    #     version => '2.0',
    #     url     => 'http://search.cpan.org/perldoc?CPAN::Meta::Spec',
    # },
    meta_add => {
        resources => {
            license => 'http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html' ,
            homepage => 'https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/stow',

            # Module::Build forces us to use v1.4 of the CPAN Meta Spec:
            # https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=71502
            # bugtracker => {
            #     web    => 'http://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=Stow',
            #     mailto => 'stow-devel@gnu.org',
            # },
            #bugtracker => 'http://rt.cpan.org/Public/Dist/Display.html?Name=Stow',

            # Module::Build forces us to use v1.4 of the CPAN Meta Spec:
            # https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=71502
            # repository => {
            #     url  => 'git://git.savannah.gnu.org/stow.git',
            #     web  => 'https://savannah.gnu.org/git/?group=stow',
            #     type => 'git',
            # },
            repository => 'git://git.savannah.gnu.org/stow.git',
        },
    },
    requires => {
        'perl'        => '5.006',
        'Carp'        => 0,
        'IO::File'    => 0,
    },
    script_files => [ 'bin/stow', 'bin/chkstow' ],
    all_from => 'lib/Stow.pm.in',
    configure_requires => {
        'Module::Build' => 0,
    },
    build_requires => {
        'Test::More'   => 0,
        'Test::Output' => 0,
    },
);

if (system('grep', '-q', '^use lib ', 'bin/stow') >> 8 == 0) {
  die <<'EOF';

ERROR: bin/stow contains 'use lib' line which could interfere
with CPAN-style installation via Module::Build.  To avoid this,
you should run ./configure with parameters which result in
--with-pmdir's value being in Perl's built-in @INC, and then run
'make' (NOT 'make install') to regenerate bin/stow, e.g.

    eval `perl -V:siteprefix`
    ./configure --prefix=$siteprefix && make

or

    ./configure --with-pmdir=`PERL5LIB= perl -le 'print $INC[0]'` && make

Then re-run this script.

Note that these parameters are chosen purely to regenerate
bin/stow without a 'use lib' line, so don't run 'make install'
while Stow is configured in this way unless you really want an
installation using these parameters.

EOF
}

$build->create_build_script();
stow-2.2.0/META.yml0000644000076400007640000000135111720005476010713 00000000000000---
abstract: 'manage the installation of multiple software packages'
author:
  - unknown
build_requires:
  Test::More: 0
  Test::Output: 0
configure_requires:
  Module::Build: 0
dynamic_config: 1
generated_by: 'Module::Build version 0.38, CPAN::Meta::Converter version 2.112621'
license: open_source
meta-spec:
  url: http://module-build.sourceforge.net/META-spec-v1.4.html
  version: 1.4
name: Stow
provides:
  Stow:
    file: lib/Stow.pm
    version: v2.2.0
  Stow::Util:
    file: lib/Stow/Util.pm
    version: 0
requires:
  Carp: 0
  IO::File: 0
  perl: 5.006
resources:
  homepage: https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/stow
  license: http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html
  repository: git://git.savannah.gnu.org/stow.git
version: v2.2.0
stow-2.2.0/META.json0000644000076400007640000000243311720005476011065 00000000000000{
   "abstract" : "manage the installation of multiple software packages",
   "author" : [
      "unknown"
   ],
   "dynamic_config" : 1,
   "generated_by" : "Module::Build version 0.38, CPAN::Meta::Converter version 2.112621",
   "license" : [
      "open_source"
   ],
   "meta-spec" : {
      "url" : "http://search.cpan.org/perldoc?CPAN::Meta::Spec",
      "version" : "2"
   },
   "name" : "Stow",
   "prereqs" : {
      "build" : {
         "requires" : {
            "Test::More" : 0,
            "Test::Output" : 0
         }
      },
      "configure" : {
         "requires" : {
            "Module::Build" : 0
         }
      },
      "runtime" : {
         "requires" : {
            "Carp" : 0,
            "IO::File" : 0,
            "perl" : "5.006"
         }
      }
   },
   "provides" : {
      "Stow" : {
         "file" : "lib/Stow.pm",
         "version" : "v2.2.0"
      },
      "Stow::Util" : {
         "file" : "lib/Stow/Util.pm",
         "version" : 0
      }
   },
   "release_status" : "stable",
   "resources" : {
      "homepage" : "https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/stow",
      "license" : [
         "http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html"
      ],
      "repository" : {
         "url" : "git://git.savannah.gnu.org/stow.git"
      }
   },
   "version" : "v2.2.0"
}